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Pragna
MICRODESIGNS

INSTRUCTION AND OPERATION

MANUAL

FOR

LEAD – LAG NETWORK STUDY UNIT

Designed and Manufactured by:

PRAGNA MICRODESIGNS
No. 34, Karekallu, Kamakshipalya,
Basaveshwaranagar post, Bangalore – 560 079.
Ph: 23482492. Telefax: 23285123
E-mail: pragnamicrodesigns@yahoo.com
 LEAD – LAG NETWORK STUDY UNIT: -

This unit consists of the following sub units: -

a. Sine wave source.
b. Digital phase angle / frequency meter
c. Digital voltmeter.
d. Network.

a. SINE WAVE SOURCE: -

This part generates Sine wave signal. The frequency of the sine wave can be varied
from 50Hz to 1000Hz approximately with a potentiometer. The amplitude of the output is
variable using a 10 turn potentiometer.

b. DIGITAL PHASE ANGLE / FREQUENCY METER: -

This is microcontroller based unit. This will display the phase angle difference /
frequency of the sine wave signal.

The recommended input range is 2.5 V to 15V. the phase meter has two inputs – ref.
input and phase shifted input.

The reference input is normally the input fed to the network under study and the phase
shift input is connected to the network output.

The phase angle / Frequency meter can also be used independently.

c. Digital Voltmeter: -

This meter gives the peak voltage of the signal connected to it. This enables to measure
the V peak of network input and output. Normal multimeter will not gives the correct
voltage to measure the AC rms voltage at high frequencies. Then we have to use true rms
voltmeter to measure the correct value. To avoid true rms meter we provide peak detector
to measure V peaks there by calculating the gain.

e. NETWORK: -

Eight terminals are provided to connect R-C network depending on Lag, Lead and
Lag/Lead networks. Two terminal each for Resistor / Capacitors R1, C1, R2 and C2.
 FRONT PANEL DETAILS:

1. MAINS : Mains ON/OFF switch to the unit with builtin indicator.

2. FREQUENCY : Potentiometer to vary the frequency of the sine wave from

50Hz to 1000Hz

3. AMPLITUDE : Potentiometer to vary the amplitude of the sine wave from

…0….. to …5….. Volts.

4. OUTPUT : Sine wave signal output points

5. PHASE ANGLE/
FREQUENCY
METER : LCD display to indicate phase angle difference / frequency
Of the signal.

6. REF. IN : Terminal to connect Reference in put to measure phase

angle difference and frequency. This is connected to
networks input.

7. Ph. Sh. IN : Terminal to connect phase shifted input to measure phase

angle difference. This should be connected to networks
output.

8. NETWORK
R1 : Terminal to connect Resistor – R1
R2 : - R2
C1 : Capacitor – C1
C2 : - C2

9. PEAK VOLTAGE
IN/OUT : Switch to measure peak detector o/p voltage/ Input voltage.
PROCEDURE: -

Switch ON the Mains supply to the unit. Observe the sine wave signal by
varying frequency and amplitude potentiometer.

Now make the networks connections depending on Lag – Lead network. Connect
sine wave output to network input.

Note down the peak detector input using digital voltmeter provided. Now the
meter will shows V peak. Set the amplitude of sine wave to some value 3V pk.

Now vary the frequency and note down frequency, phase angle difference and
output V pk for different frequencies and enter the readings in the tabular column.

Now calculate the theoretical values of phase angle difference and gain. Compare
this with the measured values.

Plot the graph of ph. Angle v/s frequency and gain v/s frequency.

Repeat the same for different values of R & C.

Repeat the same for different sine wave amplitude.

LEAD – LAG NETWORK STUDY UNIT
SINE WAVE SIGNAL IN
OUT
PEAK VOLTAGE

FREQUENCY

REF IN PH SH IN R1 R2

AMPLITUDE
OUTPUT C1 C2

PRAGNA MICRODESIGNS O

Connection diagram for LAG Compensation.

MAINS

LEAD – LAG NETWORK STUDY UNIT

SINE WAVE SIGNAL
IN
OUT

PEAK VOLTAGE

FREQUENCY

REF IN PH SH IN R1 R2

AMPLITUDE

OUT PUT
C1 C2

O
PRAGNA MICRODESIGNS

Connection diagram for LEAD Compensation.

LEAD – LAG NETWORK STUDY UNIT

SINE WAVE SIGNAL
IN
OUT

PEAK VOLTAGE

FREQUENCY

REF IN PH SH IN R1 R2

AMPLITUDE

OUT PUT
C1 C2

O
PRAGNA MICRODESIGNS

Connection diagram for LEAD - LAG Compensation.