CHAPTER 4

u
e
r
n

p
r
a
x

r
n
a
n
a
5 =L (Russian from Scratch)
66
CHAPTER FOUR - HETBPTAR IHABA
AT THE AIRPORT - B A3POHOPTY
In Chapter Four you will learn how to do the following:
1. to speak with a passport control officer and a customs officer
2. to change currency
3. to read addresses and telephone numbers
4. to understand airport announcements
You will learn the following points of grammar:
1. the prepositional case ending - after n and na
2. the prepositional case after o (about`)
3. the accusative case to indicate the direct object
Activity One - Hepnoe sa(anne
Reading Work out the meaning of the following words which relate to passport
control and customs. To help you with the more difficult ones, clues are provided. (You will
find the answers in the vocabulary list at the foot of the next page.)
Checks Places People Objects
nacno1nin xon1oi a+ono1 nocnimnx 6aia
1axon 6no 1axoennnx nn:a
noiannnnnx exaann
1ync1(xa) nacno1
nan1a
Clues:
1. Taxon - traditions or habits, now
disappearing within the European Union?
2. The Russian verb nocn1i means to carry`.
3. The Russian word iannna means
a Irontier` or border`.
4. The word valuta` is in the English
dictionary. Does it mean i) a ballroom dance
in triple time, ii) courage, iii) currency,
iv) a gentleman`s personal attendant?
On arrival in Russia you are required to go through
passport control where uniIormed oIIicers will check
your passport, visa and intended length oI stay. Then
you have to go on through customs which has two
channels, red and green. Like all Ioreigners, you are
obliged to pass through the red channel, xacnin
xono, where you may be stopped and searched.
It is important that you declare currency and other
valuables, such as precious metals or stones, so that
you can take them out with you again when you leave
the country.

C
h
a
p
t
e
r

4
A new ab initio Russian course
B a+ono1 Hxono - 2 At Pulkovo - 2 Airport
Activity Two - B1opoe sa(anne
Listening/Reading The following is a dialogue between an English tourist and a
Russian passport control officer (or, more strictly speaking, a border guard). Listen to it and
then read it out in pairs.
HACHOPTHLH KOHTPOI
Hoiannnnnx - 3,anc1nyn1e! Bam nacno1, noaync1a.
Tync1 - 3,anc1nyn1e! Bo1 xon nacno1.
Hoiannnnnx - A i,e nama nn:a'
Tync1 - Bo1 ona.
Hoiannnnnx - Bi aninnannn'
Tync1 - ,a, aninnannn.
Hoiannnnnx - A nonexy ni nne1e n Axenxe'
Tync1 - Mo ena axenxanxa, n xi nnex n a6o1aex n Hin-Hoxe.
Hoiannnnnx - A x1o ni no noqeccnn'
Tync1 - - ynn1ei.* a6o1an n mxoe.
Hoiannnnnx - Kax nac :ony1'
Tync1 - Men :ony1 Manx.
Hoiannnnnx - A qaxnn?
Tync1 - Mo qaxnn Toxcon
Hoiannnnnx - Xoomo. Bce n no,xe. ,o cnn,ann.
Tync1 - Cnacn6o. ,o cnn,ann.
* Russian Irequently uses a dash to indicate the present tense oI the verb to be`.
nacno1nin passport control 6no oIIice ,exaann declaration (Iorm)
xon1oi nocnimnx porter noaync1a please, you`re welcome
nacno1 passport noiannnnnx border guard no1 here (is/are)
1axon customs 1ync1(xa) tourist ena wiIe
1axoennnx customs oIIicer 6aia luggage nce everything, all
a+ono1 airport nn:a visa n no,xe in order
n a+ono1y at the airport nan1a (hard) currency nce n no,xe everything is OK
67

u
e
r
n

p
r
a
x

r
n
a
n
a
5 =L (Russian from Scratch)
Activity Three - Tpe1te sa(anne
Speaking Role-play. Passport control. You play the role of A, the passport control
officer or boarder guard (noiannnnnx), and your partner plays the role of B, the tourist
(1ync1/xa). Then reverse the roles.
A B
Say hello. Respond appropriately.
Ask to see his/her passport. OIIer him/her your passport.
Ask Ior his/her visa. Present your visa.
Ask him/her what his/her nationality is. Say you are Canadian.
Ask why he/she lives in England. Say that you work in Manchester.
Ask what job he/she does. Tell him/her that you are a doctor.
Ask him/her Ior his/her name. Tell him/her your name.
Say goodbye. Reply appropriately.
Activity Four - He1np1oe sa(anne
Listening/Reading The following is a dialogue between the English tourist, Mr
Thomson, and a Russian customs officer. Listen to it and then read it out in pairs.
TAMO2H
Taxoennnx - ,u0zn ,.nz. 31o nam 6aia?
Tync1 - ,u0zn ,.nz. ,a, 51o mon 6aia.
Taxoennnx - Xoomo, a i,e nama ,exaann'
Tync1 - Bo1 ona.
Taxoennnx - V nac ec1i nan1a'
Tync1 - ,a, ec1i.
Taxoennnx - A xaxa y nac nan1a n cxoixo'
Tync1 - .n..nn.kn. qvn:z. V xen T {:z.x4u) qvn:us.
Taxoennnx - A y6n y nac ec1i'
Tync1 - He1, y6en y xen ne1. A i,e xono noxen1i qvn:z'
Taxoennnx - B 6anxe nn n 6no no o6xeny nan1i.*
Tync1 - Cnacn6o. ,o cnn,ann.
Taxoennnx - ,o cnn,ann.
* A common alternative is o6xennin nynx1 - n o6xennox nynx1e.
Activity Five - Hn1oe sa(anne
Speaking Run through the above dialogue in pairs replacing the italicized words with
the following:
3anc1nyn1e
,o6oe 1o
Axenxancxne oai
800 (nocexico1) oaon
oai
y nac (ec1i) ...' (formal) do you have ...? 1icna qyn1on a thousand pounds
,a, ec1i yes, I do y6i (m) (y6n) rouble (roubles)
xaxa y nac nan1a' what currency do y xen ne1 y6en I do not have any roubles
you have? xono(') can one/I/you/we?, one can
cxoixo' how much/many? noxen1i to change
qyn1 pound 6no no o6xeny nan1i currency exchange bureau
aninncxne qyn1i British pounds, ,o6oe y1o good morning
pounds sterling ,oa dollar
y xen (ec1i) ... I have ... axenxancxne ,oai American dollars
1icna a thousand nocexico1 ,oaon eight hundred dollars
68
C
h
a
p
t
e
r

4
A new ab initio Russian course
Activity Six - mec1oe sa(anne
Reading Match the following questions with the appropriate answers.
1. Kax nac :ony1' B 6anxe.
2. 31o nam 6aia' Bo1 ona.
3. V nac ec1i nan1a' ynn1ei.
4. I,e nama ,exaann' ,a, aninnannn.
5. K1o ni no noqeccnn' ,a, xon.
6. Bi aninnannn' Men :ony1 Manx.
7. I,e xono noxen1i nan1y' ,a, ec1i.
Activity Seven - Ce(tuoe sa(anne
Reading Look at the Russian declaration form and answer the questions below.
1. What is the person`s surname?
2. What is the person`s patronymic?
3. What is the person`s nationality?
4. Is the purpose oI his visit a) business, b) tourism or c) personal?
5. How much currency is the person carrying and in which denominations?
6. What is the Iull Russian phrase Ior customs declaration Iorm`?
7. What is the Russian Ior (i) drugs`, (ii) radioactive materials`?
69

u
e
r
n

p
r
a
x

r
n
a
n
a
5 =L (Russian from Scratch)
Activity Eight - Boctuoe sa(anne
Reading/Speaking/Writing Answer the following questions in English relating to the
business cards below. Then write down your answers to the same questions in Russian with
reference to the box below.
1. What is the person`s Iirst name?
2. What is the person`s proIession?
3. Where does the person live?
4. What is the number oI the house/Ilat?
5. What is the person`s telephone number?
A Bnnoiaona Oiia He1onna B Pa6nnon Mnxan Aexcanonnn
nenoana1ei ieooi
r. Mocxna r. Toxcx
y.` ,exa6nc1on, . 30, xn. 67 n.` Bocc1ann, . 17, xn. 95
1e. 350 - 43 - 70`` 1e. 19 - 26 - 52
C Hecxon Hnan Iiennn D Hcaena Manna Ceieenna
nnene nan
r. Kycx Canx1-He1e6yi
y. Honoceon```, . 40, xn. 81 n. Kyi1i, . 50, xn. 106
1e. 63 - 09 - 98 1e. 110 - 47 - 84
` Abbreviations: y. = nna, . = ox, xn. = xna1na, n. = nocnex1, 1e. = 1ee]on
`` Moscow has seven-digit numbers. 350 1nc1a n1iec1
``` Honoceon - Russians usually omit the two dots (or diaeresis) in writing.
Le :on1 Oiia.
Ona nenoana1ei.
Oiia nne1 n Mocxne
na nne ,exa6nc1on,
n oxe N 1nna1i,
n xna1ne N mec1iec1 cexi.
Le 1ee]on: 350 - 43 - 70.
Einally use the business cards and the model above as the basis for four interviews with your
partner. You should reverse the roles each time. The questions you should ask will be as
follows:
Kax eio/ee :on1' B xaxox oxe' (In which block oI Ilats?)
K1o on/ona no no]eccnn' B xaxon xna1ne' (In which Ilat?)
Ie on/ona nne1' Kaxon y neio / y nee (What is his/her
1ee]on' telephone number?)
y. ,exa6nc1on Decembrists` Street xaxon which(?), what (sort oI)(?)
n. Bocc1ann Avenue oI the Uprising n xaxox (m) ... / n xaxon (I) ...? in which ...?
y. Honoceon New Setttlers` Street (adfectives in prepositional case)
n. Kyi1yi Culture Avenue y neio he has
noxe (=N) number y nee she has
70
C
h
a
p
t
e
r

4
A new ab initio Russian course
Activity Nine - enn1oe sa(anne
Listening Listen twice to the following dialogue and fill in the gaps in the partial
transcription below.
B mpo no oueny naun1m At the Bureau de Change
Typnc1xa - ,o6in ,eni. xo1ea 6i noxen1i nan1y.
Cuyaaman - ,o6in ,eni. A xaxa y nac nan1a'
Typnc1xa - V xen aninncxne (1) n axenxancxne (2) .
Cuyaaman - Xoomo. Cxoixo qyn1on ni xo1n1e noxen1i'
Typnc1xa - A xaxon cennac xyc qyn1a'
Cuyaaman - Kyc qyn1a - 44 (coox ne1ie) y6.
Typnc1xa - xo1ea 6i noxen1i (3) qyn1on.
Cuyaaman - A cxoixo ,oaon ni xo1n1e noxen1i' Kyc ,oaa - 31
(1n,na1i o,nn) y6i.
Typnc1xa - xo1ea 6i noxen1i (4) ,oaon.
Activity Ten - ecn1oe sa(anne
Speaking Act out the above dialogue in pairs, replacing the amounts you wish to
change with the following. You should change roles each time.
1. (3) 180 2. (3) 75 3. (3) 125 4. (3) 48
(4) $65 (4) $130 (4) $50 (4) $195
Activity Eleven - O(nnna(na1oe sa(anne
Listening/Reading A small group of masculine nouns take the Prepositional case
ending - (always stressed) after n and na. With very few exceptions (e.g. a+ono1 - n
a+ono1), they are monosyllabic (i.e. they consist of only one syllable). Look at the
pictures below and note where the people and objects are.
I,e Hnan' I,e onxn' I,e Anna' I,e 1a'
On n ecy. Onn na nocy. Ona na 6ay. Ona n Kixy.
xo1e (m) 6i ( infinitive) I would like xyc qyn1a sterling exchange rate
xo1ea (I) 6i ( infinitive) I would like xyc ,oaa dollar exchange rate
noxen1i nan1y to change Ioreign currency ec (n ecy) Iorest, wood
cyamnn (m) / cyama (I) clerk, employee onxn glasses, spectacles
cxoixo qyn1on / ,oaon' how many pounds / dollars? noc (na nocy) nose
ni xo1n1e(') (do) you want(?) 6a (na 6ay) ball
,ne / 1n / ne1ie 1icnn two / three / Iour thousand 1a Yalta (town in Crimea)
cennac at the moment, now Kix (n Kixy) Crimea
71

u
e
r
n

p
r
a
x

r
n
a
n
a
5 =L (Russian from Scratch)
Activity Twelve - nena(na1oe sa(anne
Reading Look at the following pictures and, using the vocabulary at the foot of the
page, answer the questions below.
I,e nocnimnx' I,e 1axcn' I,e 6aia' I,e co6axa'
Activity Thirteen - Tpnna(na1oe sa(anne
Reading There is another common preposition o (or o before the vowels a, n, o,
+, y) - about, which takes the Prepositional case. Note: when o is used before any of the
monosyllabic nouns above, the ending is -e; (e.g. o xoc1e - about the bridge`). Look at
the front covers of these books and suggest what each is about.
e.g. 51o xnnia This is a book
o co6axe. about a dog.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
Activity Fourteen - He1mpna(na1oe sa(anne
Speaking Which town are you thinking about?` - O xaxox iooe 1i
yxaemi'
You should split up into pairs or groups and then run through the English alphabet Irom A to Z
each naming in turn a town beginning with the appropriate letter; e.g. the Iirst player might
begin yxan o6 A6enne, the second might say yxan o Ioc1one, the third
yxan o Kex6ne and so on. You have Iive seconds to answer and you score one
point Ior each town you name. II you Iail to think oI a town or get the ending wrong you score
no points.
a+ono1 (n a+ono1y) airport no (na noy) Iloor non1nxa politics Hn,n India
1axcn (n indeclinable) taxi ca, (n ca,y) garden enin religion ,yxa1i (I) to think
xoc1 (na xoc1y) bridge cno1 sport xy:ixa music
72
C
h
a
p
t
e
r

4
A new ab initio Russian course
Activity Fifteen - Hn1na(na1oe sa(anne
Reading/Writing The Prepositional forms of n1o (what) and x1o (who) are o
4.: (about what) and o ku: (about whom) respectively. Write out questions and answers
relating to the nouns below, using the completed example (no.1) as your model.
QUESTION (O nex' / O xox' ) SUB1ECT ANSWER ( yxan o /o6 ____)
1. O nex 1i ,yxaemi' mxoa ,yxan o mxoe.
2. O ___ 1i ,yxaemi' enmnna ,yxan _______
3. O ___ 1i ,yxaemi' qy16onc1 ,yxan _______
4. O ___ 1i ,yxaemi' no1qei ,yxan _______
5. O ___ 1i ,yxaemi' co6axa ,yxan _______
6. O ___ 1i ,yxaemi' xynnna ,yxan _______
7. O ___ 1i ,yxaemi' Anin ,yxan
8. O ___ 1i ,yxaemi' ec ,yxan _______
Activity Sixteen - mec1na(na1oe sa(anne
Listening/Reading Listen to all the forms of the personal pronouns ( , 1i, on,
ona, ono, xi, ni, onn) in the Prepositional case. Then listen again and match up the
different forms with the appropriate pronouns. (You will notice that the phrase for about me
is somewhat unusual.)
about me o6o na c
about you (informal) o nex
about him/it o nen
about her/it o n a c
about it (n) o nnx
about us o 1e 6e
about you (plural/formal) o xne
about them o nex
Activity Seventeen - Ceuna(na1oe sa(anne
Reading Look at the picture of the Aeroflot ticket and answer the questions below.
You should refer to the vocabulary provided at the foot of the page.
1. What is the passenger`s Iull name? 4. What was the Ilight number?
2. Where was the passenger Ilying Irom? 5. What was the departure date?
3. Where was the passenger Ilying to? 6. How much did the ticket cost?
o xox (') about whom (?) 6ne1 ticket nex nn6i1n arrival time
o nex (') about what (?) enc Ilight number xamy1 (o1 / ,o) route (Irom / to)
enmnna woman xec1o seat, place noca,xa boarding
xynnna man nex o1nanenn departure time nixo, gate, exit
73

u
e
r
n

p
r
a
x

r
n
a
n
a
5 =L (Russian from Scratch)
Activity Eighteen - Boceuna(na1oe sa(anne
Listening Listen to the following airport announcements, which are recorded on the
tape. You you should not expect to understand everything, but you should be able to
recognize the flight numbers, gate numbers and destinations. When you have heard all the
announcements once, listen to each of them again and fill in the gaps in the partial
transcription below.
1. O6rne1c einc1ann 6ne1on n 6aiaa na enc N ,
nie1anmnn n
2. O6rne1c noca,xa na enc N , nie1anmnn n
3. Hon:no,n1c noca,xa na enc N n
Bixo, N
4. Haccanon, nie1anmnx encox N n ,
noc1 non1n na noca,xy x nixo,y N
Activity Nineteen - enn1na(na1oe sa(anne
Reading/Writing Look at the following timetable and answer the questions below in
Russian. You should refer to the vocabulary list at the foot of the page.
MOCKBA OH,OH (CAMOLT - IOHHI 767)
a+ono1 meexe1ieno - 2 a+ono1 Xn1oy (1exnna 2)
,nn neen Bex Bex ee: Penc N
o1nanenn nn6i1n
Honeeinnx 12.00 18.30 Han T194
B1onnx 10.15 14.15 nxon T192
Cea 15.45 19.25 Ienn T087
e 1ne i
H1nnna 12.00 18.30 Han T194
Cy66o1a 10.15 14.15 nxon T192
Bocxecenie 20.00 03.10 Bena T065
1. At what time does the plane leave Ior London on Monday?
2. On what days can you go to London via Paris?
3. Where does the plane stop on Wednesday?
4. At what time does the Ilight via Vienna arrive in London?
5. What is the number oI the direct Ilight to London?
6. On what days can you take direct Ilights?
7. Via which city does the plane Ily on Sunday?
8. On which day does the plane not Ily?
9. At which terminal does the plane arrive in London?
10. What sort oI plane is it?
nie1a1i (I) to depart (flving) caxoe1 plane
nn6ina1i (I) to arrive (flving) nxon direct
e1a1i (I) to Ily nee: ( accusative) via
74
C
h
a
p
t
e
r

4
A new ab initio Russian course
ACCUSATIVE CASE (DIRECT OB1ECTS)
You already know that the Accusative case is used aIter n (with verbs oI movement, days and times). It
is also used aIter very many verbs. Nouns and pronouns which receive` the action oI the verb (i.e.
which have an action perIormed upon them) and which take the Accusative case without a preposition
are called direct objects. The direct object always answers the one-word question whom?` or what?`.
In Russian the direct object (or Accusative) Iorm is usually the same as the standard, nominative Iorms
Ior masculine, neuter and plural nouns. However, when a Ieminine noun is at the receiving end` oI the
verb, the Iinal -a is replaced by -y. Hence, to change currency` is noxen1i nan1 (not nan1a).
Activity Twenty - na(na1oe sa(anne
Listening/Reading Listen to the following extract from a Russian children`s poem
and see how many feminine Accusative forms you can spot. Then read through it carefully
and make a note of all the feminine nouns in the Accusative case.
IAIA2 (C. Mamax)
,axa canaa n 6aia ,axa c,anaa n 6aia A lady checked in
,nnan, ,nnan Settee
exoan,
Caxno, Caxno Grip
Ka1nny,
Ko:nny, Ko:nna Basket
Ka1onxy, Ka1onxa Hat-box
H xaenixyn co6anonxy. xaenixa co6anonxa small dog
Bian axe na c1annnn Bi,an ,axe na c1annnn They issued the lady at the station
e1ie :eenix xnn1annnn e1ie :eenix xnn1annnn Eour green receipts
O 1ox, n1o noynen 6aia: O 1ox, n1o noynen 6aia As prooI that they had received her luggage
,nnan,
exoan,
Caxno,
Ka1nna,
Ko:nna,
Ka1onxa,
H xaenixa co6anonxa.
Hnexan n ioo 2n1oxn. Hnexan They have arrived
Hocnimnx n1nana1in noxe n1na,na1in noxe number IiIteen
Be:e1 na 1eexe 6aia: Be:e1 na 1eexe Carries on a trolley
,nnan,
exoan,
Caxno,
Ka1nny,
Ko:nny,
Ka1onxy,
A c:an ney1 co6anonxy. c:a,n ne,y1 co6anonxy behind (them) Iollows a small dog on a lead
Activity Twenty-One - na(na1t nepnoe sa(anne
Speaking Look at the following list of objects and say which items are normally
checked in and which are not. (Remember the Accusative endings.)
O6inno can1 n 6aia ... / ne can1 n 6aia ... ( accusative)
Usually people check in ... / don`t check in ...
nnannno nexo,ani caxno co6axa enoine no1qei 6ox6a xomxa
o6inno usually nnannno (n indeclinable) piano 6ox6a bomb
75

u
e
r
n

p
r
a
x

r
n
a
n
a
5 =L (Russian from Scratch)
Activity Twenty-Two - na(na1t n1opoe sa(anne
Listening/Reading Just as some nouns change in the Accusative case, so too do
pronouns (cf. English: The lecturer knows me, him, her, us, them`). The Accusative form
of x1o (who) is xoio (whom), in which r is pronounced n. Listen to the different forms of
the personal pronouns (, 1i, on, ona, ono, xi, ni, onn) in the Accusative case,
which are recorded three times. Then match up the various forms with the appropriate pro-
nouns, in response to the following question:
Koio :nae1 nenoana1ei' Who(m) does the lecturer know?`
he knows me on :nae1 n a c
he knows you (informal) on :nae1 nx
he knows him/it on :nae1 xen
he knows her/it on :nae1 e i o
he knows it (n) on :nae1 na c
he knows us on :nae1 e i o
he knows you (formal/plural) on :nae1 1e 6
he knows them on :nae1 e e
` The Accusative oI n1o (what) is the same as the Nominative, hence What does the lecturer know?` is
1o :nae1 nenoana1ei'
Activity Twenty-Three - na(na1t 1pe1te sa(anne
Speaking Role-play. You play the role of A and your partner plays the role of B.
Then reverse the roles.
A B
Say hello. (formal) Return the greeting.
Introduce your Iriend, Vadim. Point out that you are already acquainted.
Ask your partner whether he/she knows Say that you do not know her and ask
his (i.e. Vadim`s) sister. your partner what her name is.
Say that she is called Svetlana. Ask your partner iI he/she knows Galina and
Marina.
Say that you do not know them. Tell your partner that they know him/her.
Ask where they live. Say that they live on prospekt Stachek.
Conclude the conversation appropriately. Respond accordingly.
A B
Say hello. (informal) Return the greeting.
Ask him/her what the time is. Reply that it is seven o`clock.
Ask him/her iI he/she is reading the novel Say yes, you are reading it and ask your
(oxan) Brothers Karamazov. partner what he/she is reading.
Say that you are reading a newspaper. Ask iI it is Izvestiya.
Say no, you always (nceia) read Pravda. Say that you also (1oe) read it.
Ask him/her iI he knows the magazine Say that you know it but do not read it. Ask
(yna) Krokodil. him/her what magazine he/she usually reads.
Reply that you usually read Krokodil. Say you preIer (6oime n6n) Ogonek.
Say goodbye. Reply appropriately.
xoio (pronounced xono) whom H:nec1n Izvestiya News (daily paper)
(accusative of x1o) Han,a Pravda Truth (hard-line paper)
:na1i (I) to know ncei,a always
nocnex1 C1anex Avenue oI Strikes Koxo,n Krokodil Crocodile (satirical
oxan novel magazine)
Ia1i Kaaxa:oni Brothers Karamazov (novel by () 6oime I preIer (literally: I like more)
Eyodor Dostoevsky, 1879 - 1880) n6n
76
C
h
a
p
t
e
r

4
A new ab initio Russian course
Activity Twenty-Four - na(na1t ue1np1oe sa(anne
Listening/Reading Revising type I verbs. Look at the following first conjugation
verbs, some of which you have already met: nn1a1i (to read) cyma1i (to listen), ea1i
(to do, make), iy1i (to go for a stroll), o1ixa1i (to rest, go on holiday), nc1ena1i
(to meet). In the list below you will find them in all their conjugated forms. Listen twice to the
telephone conversation on the tape and circle any forms of the verbs which you hear .
n nn1aa c ymaa e aa i ya o1ixaa nc1enaa
1 i nn1a. nz cyma. nz ea. nz iy.nz o1ixa. nz nc1ena.nz
on/ ona/ ono nn1a. : cyma. : ea. : iy.: o1ixa. : nc1ena.:
x i nn1a.: cyma. : ea.: iy.: o1ixa. : nc1ena.:
n i nn1a.:. cyma.:. ea.:. iy.:. o1ixa. :. nc1ena.:.
o n n nn1aa: cymaa: eaa: iya: o1ixaa: nc1enaa:
Activity Twenty-Five - na(na1t nn1oe sa(anne
Listening Listen twice to the recording and fill in the table in English. In addition to
the vocabulary at the foot of the page, you will find the following phrases helpful:
ceion 1axa xooma noioa (it`s such good weather today), y n Ion (at Uncle Borya`s),
xae1c (it seems, apparently), (1i) nex :annxaemic' (what are you up to?), nee: nac (in an hour),
ona e1n1 x nax n: Mocxni (she is Ilying here Irom Moscow), 1i a:ne ne :naemi (don`t you really
know?), ny, ne 6yy 1e6 6oime :aenna1i (well, I won`t detain you any longer).
Who is doing what? K1o n1o eae1'
Natasha (Ha1ama) Home alone, reading and listening to music
Tanya (Tan)
Natasha`s children (e1n Ha1amn)
Natasha`s husband (xy Ha1amn)
Tanya`s husband (xy Tann)
Her husband`s sister (cec1a ee xya)
Activity Twenty-Six - na(na1t mec1oe sa(anne
Listening Listen twice to the descriptions of people`s daily routines and fill in the grid
below in English. (Some of the answers are completed for you.)
HM' ,LALT 3ABTPAKALT' KAK OH( A) OIL,ALT' ,LALT V2HHALT' TO OH(A)
3AP,KV' BO CKOIKO' L,LT B BO CKOIKO' ,OMAmHLL BO CKOIKO' ,LALT
HHCTHTVT' 3A,AHHL' BLLPOM'
Ivan bus 12 o`clock

Yuri listens to
music

iy1i (I) to go Ior a stroll xonqeennn conIerence ,oxamnee homework

o6e,a1i (I) to have lunch ,ea1i (I) :a,xy to do exercises :a,anne
o1,ixa1i (I) to rest, go on holiday :an1axa1i (I) to have breakIast ynna1i (I) to have supper
nc1ena1i (I) to meet no cxoixo' at what time? neneox in the evening
77

u
e
r
n

p
r
a
x

r
n
a
n
a
5 =L (Russian from Scratch)
GRAMMAR
THE PREPOSITIONAL CASE ENDING -y/n (ALWAYS STRESSED) AFTER B AND HA
Nominative (n1o') Prepositional (ie')
a+ ono1 (airport) n a+ono1y
6 a (ball) na 6ay
Kix (Crimea) n Kixy
e c (Iorest, wood) n ecy
xoc 1 (bridge) na xoc1y
n o c (nose) na nocy
n o (Iloor) na noy
c a (garden) n cay
6eei (shore, bank) na 6eeiy
6 o 1 (side oI ship, board) na 6o1y
ia: (eye) n ia:y
x a n (edge) na xan (soft ending)
e (ice) na iy (fleeting vowel, plus filling z )
o 6 (Iorehead) na 6y (fleeting vowel)
y i (meadow) na yiy
no1 (port) n no1y
noc1 (post) na noc1y
ny (pond) n nyy
o 1 (mouth) no 1y (su used for ease of pronunciation, fleeting vowel)
THE PREPOSITIONAL CASE AFTER O (ABOUT)
The endings are normally the same as with n and na.
MASCULINE
ox (house) o oxe (about a/the house)
no1]ei (brieIcase) o no1]ee (about a/the brieIcase)
1axnan (tram) o 1axnae (about a/the tram)
FEMININE
xna1na (Ilat) o xna1ne (about a/the Ilat)
1e1ai (exercise-book) o 1e1an (about a/the exercise-book)
dannn (Erance) o dannnn (about Erance)
NEUTER
nncixo (letter) o nncixe (about a/the letter)
xoe (sea) o xoe (about the sea)
:anne (building) o :annn (about a/the building)
The preposition o changes to o beIore the vowels a, n, o, +, y.
oxno (window) o6 oxne (about a/the window)
Anin (England) o6 Aninn (about England)
The ending -e is used aIter masculine nouns which take -y / -m aIter n and na.
6eei (shore, bank) o 6eeie (about the bank)
e c (Iorest, wood) o ece (about a/the Iorest)
xan (edge) o xae (about the edge)
78

C
h
a
p
t
e
r

4
A new ab initio Russian course
Pronouns
Nominative Prepositional (Equivalents with n(o) and na)
x1o(') o xox(') (about what(?)) (n/na xox('))
n1o(?) o nex(?) (about whom(?)) (n/na nex(?))
o 6o xne (about me) (na/no xne)
1i o 1e6e (about you) (na/n 1e6e)
on/ono o nex (about him/it) (na/n nex)
ona o nen (about her/it) (na/n nen)
xi o nac (about us) (na/n nac)
ni o nac (about you) (na/n nac)
onn o nnx (about them) (na/n nnx)
THE ACCUSATIVE CASE (DIRECT OB1ECT)
Nouns and pronouns which receive the action oI the verb without a preposition (i.e. which have an
action perIormed upon them) usually take the Accusative case. These nouns and pronouns are known
as direct objects. The direct object always answers the one-word question whom?` or what?`; e.g.
who(m) do you see in the park? - I see the girl (direct object the girl), what do you see in the park? -
I see the bench (direct object the bench).
The direct object (or Accusative) Iorm is generally the same as the standard, nominative Iorms Ior
masculine, neuter and plural nouns.
MASCULINE
yna (magazine) c1yen1 nn1ae1 yna (the student is reading a magazine)
NEUTER
nncixo (letter) c1yen1 nn1ae1 nncixo (the student is reading a letter)
PLURAL
ia:e1i (newspapers) c1yen1 nn1ae1 ia:e1i (the student is reading the newspapers)
However, when a Ieminine noun is at the receiving end` oI the verb, the Iinal -a is replaced by -y and the
Iinal -n is replaced by -m. The ending does not change iI the Iinal letter is -t.
FEMININE
xnnia (book) c1yen1 nn1ae1 xnni (the student is reading a/the book)
cec1a (sister) c1yen1 :nae1 ee cec1 (the student knows her sister)
1 e 1 (aunt) c1yen1 :nae1 ee 1e1a (the student knows her aunt)
xa1i (mother) c1yen1 :nae1 ee xa1i (the student knows her mother)
Pronouns
Nominative Accusative
x1o(') xoio (') xoio ona cymae1' (to whom is she listening?)
n1o(') n1o(') n1o ona cymae1' (what is she listening to?)
xen ona cymae1 xen (she is listening to me)
1i 1e6 ona cymae1 1e6 (she is listening to you)
on/ono eio ona cymae1 eio (she is listening to him/it)
ona e e on cymae1 ee (she is listening to her/it)
xi nac ona cymae1 nac (she is listening to us)
ni nac ona cymae1 nac (she is listening to you)
onn nx ona cymae1 nx (she is listening to them)
79


u
e
r
n

p
r
a
x

r
n
a
n
a
5 =L (Russian from Scratch) 80
Official invitation for a private visa