A Project Report

on
e-learning
Submitted in Partial fulfllment for the award of
Bachelor of Engineering in Information Technology
Submitted to
RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA
BHOPAL (M.P)
MAJOR PROJ!" RPOR"
Submitted by
Nan#nee Jain[!"#IT$!%&' Pa$ela
R%&[!"#IT$!%#'
S'i('a !'a)*r+e#i[!"#IT$!((' S',e)a
G*-)a[!"#IT$!(#'
)nder the *uper+i*ion of
Mr. Vi+e( Ri.''aria Sir
,e*ignation
DPAR"MN" O/ IN/ORMA"ION "!HNOLOGY
LAKSHMI NARAIN !OLLG O/ "!HNOLOGY 0 S!IN!1
BHOPAL
SSSION 2334-53
1

LAKSHMI NARAIN !OLLG O/ "!HNOLOGY 0 S!IN!1
BHOPAL
DPAR"MN" O/ IN/ORMA"ION "!HNOLOGY
!R"I/I!A"
Thi* i* to certify that the wor- embodied in thi* project wor- entitled
6e-learning7 ha* been *ati*factorily completed by .andnee
/ain0!"#IT$!%&12 Pamela Roy 0!"#IT$!%#12 Shi-ha
3hatur+edi0!"#IT$!((1 and Shweta 4upta 0!"#IT$!(#15 It i* a
bonafde piece of wor-2 carried out under the guidance in De-ar)$en)
%8 In8%r$a)i%n "e.'n%l%g& 2La(9'$i Narain !%llege %8
"e.'n%l%g&1B'%-al for the partial fulfllment of the Ba.'el%r %8
ngineering during the academic year %67!5

De9igna)i%n
(GUID)
Appro+ed By
Vi+e( Ri.''aria
A99). Pr%8. 0 Hea#
De-ar)$en) %8 In8%r$a)i%n "e.'n%l%g&
8orwarded by
Prin.i-al
La(9'$i Narain !%llege %8 "e.'n%l%g& 01S.ien.e1 B'%-al
%
2

!R"I/I!A" O/ APPROVAL
Thi* foregoing project wor- i* hereby appro+ed a* a creditable *tudy of
Engineering carried out and pre*ented in a manner *ati*factory to
warranty it* acceptance a* a prere9ui*ite to the degree for which it ha*
been *ubmitted5 It i* under*tood that by thi* appro+al the under*igned
do not nece**arily endor*e or appro+e any *tatement made2 opinion
e:pre**ed or conclu*ion drawn therein2 but appro+e the project only
for the purpo*e for which it ha* been *ubmitted5
0Internal E:aminer1 0E:ternal
E:aminer1
3


D!LARA"ION
;e2 .andnee /ain 0!"#IT$!%&12 Pamela Roy 0!"#IT$!%#12 Shi-ha
3hatur+edi 0!"#IT$!((12 Shweta 4upta 0!"#IT$!(#1 are *tudent* of
Bachelor of Engineering2 Information Technology2 <a-*hmi .arain 3ollege
of Technology2 Bhopal do hereby declare that the wor- pre*ented in
thi* =ajor project i* outcome of our own wor-2 i* bonafde2 correct to
the be*t of our -nowledge and thi* wor- ha* been carried out ta-ing
care of Engineering Ethic*5 The wor- pre*ented doe* not infringe any
patented wor- and ha* not been *ubmitted to any )ni+er*ity for the
award of any degree or profe**ional diploma5
.andnee /ain0!"#IT$!%&1 Pamela
Roy0!"#IT$!%#1
4

Shi-ha 3hatur+edi0!"#IT$!((1 Shweta 4upta
0!"#IT$!(#1

Acadmic Se**ion
%67!

A!KNOWLDGMN"
E+ery wor- *tarted and carried out with *y*tematic approach turn* out
to be *ucce**ful5 Any accompli*hed outcome re9uire* the e>ort of
many people and thi* wor- i* no di>erent5 Thi* project wa* a *truggle
that wa* made much more di>icult due to numerou* rea*on*? *ome of
error correction wa* beyond our control5 It wa* then the timely
guidance of our re*pected project guide and facultie* that ha* *een u*
through all the*e odd*5 ;e would be +ery grateful to them for their
in*piration2 encouragement and guidance in all pha*e* of the endea+or5
5

It i* our great plea*ure to than- Vi+e( Ri.''aria Sir2 @A,2
Information Technology2 for hi* con*tant encouragement and +aluable
ad+ice during the cour*e of our project5 ;e would al*o want to e:tend
our than-* for hi* +aluable guidance and help during de+elopment of
the project5 ;e al*o wi*h to e:pre** our gratitude toward* all other
*ta> member* for their -ind help5
8inally2 we would than- Vi+e( Ri.''aria Sir who wa* tremendou*ly
contributed to thi* project directly a* well a* indirectly2 gratitude from
the depth* of our heart* i* due to him5 Regardle** of *ource we wi*h to
e:pre** our gratitude to tho*e who may contributed to thi* wor-2 e+en
though anonymou*ly5


"a:le %8 !%n)en)9
5. In)r%#*.)i%n ;..;;; <-55
5.5 Aim ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; <
5.2 Abjecti+e ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; 4
5.= Introduction to Project ;;;;;;;;;;;;;; 4
5.> 8eature* ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;.. 55
6

5.? Technology u*ed ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;. 55
2. Anal&9i9 ;;;;.. .. ;..52-5@
2.5 Identifcation of .eed ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; 52
2.2 Preliminary In+e*tigation B 8ea*ibility Study ;;;;.. 5=
2.2.5 Technical 8ea*ibility ;;;;;;;;;; 5=
2.2.2 Aperational 8ea*ibility ;;;;;;;;;. 5>
2.2.= Economical 8ea*ibility ;;;;;;;;;. 5>
2.2.> Social 8ea*ibility ;;;;;;;;;;;.. 5?
2.2.? !=anagement 8ea*ibility ;;;;;;;;... 5?
2.2.A Time 8ea*ibility ;;;;;;;;;;;; 5?
2.= 8unctional Re9uirement* ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;. 5A
2.=.5 Software Specifcation ;;;;;;;;;. 5A
2.=.2 @ardware Specifcation ;;;;;;;;.... 5A
2.> .on7functional Re9uirement* ;;;;...;;;;;;;. 5@
=. De9ign ;;;;;;;..5<-2@
=.5 Software Engineering Paradigm ;;;;;;;;;;; 54
=.2 ,e*ign diagram* ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;. 54
=.2.5 ER7,iagram ;;;;;;;;;;;;;; .. 2=
=.2.2 ,8,* ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; 2>
=.2.= )*e73a*e ,iagram ;;;;;;;;;;;... 2A
=.= Technology u*ed ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;. 2@
>. I$-le$en)a)i%n ;;;==-?@
>.5 architecture
>.2 module
>.= *ample *ource code
>.> *nap*hot
?. "e9)ing an# Vali#a)i%n ;....... ?<-@=
?.5 Te*ting Introduction ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ?4
7

?.2 Te*ting Applied ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; A3
?.= Te*ting Re*ult* ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;. A5
?.> Calidation 3riteria ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;. @=
?.? Calidation Re*ult* ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;. @=
A. !%n.l*9i%n ..................................@>
@. Re8eren.e9 ;;;;;;;;;;;. @?

8

5. IN"RODU!"ION
9

5.5 Ai$B-
10


In the todayD* world of hurry2 worry and curryE5E+eryone want* to
gra*p *ucce** and that to in a +ery *hort *pan of time5 By -eeping thi* in mind we
ha+e decided to de+elop a web*ite named a* 6-Learning7.
;e ha+e ta-en into con*ideration to tho*e people who donDt ha+e enough time to
go for coaching in*titute* to gra*p -nowledge5 So thi* web*ite help* them in any
manner it canE
<3=S i* a +ital part of e7learning and training program5 ;e encourage our u*er* to
ma-e talent and *-ill* management an important part of their wor-Fcareer or
educational journey5
It i* the *y*tem to u*e if u*er want to 9uic-ly create2 deploy and manage online
cour*e*5
5.2 O:Ce.)i+eB-
Aur objecti+e i* to pro+ide full automation of learning content
management *y*tem5
11

5.= In)r%#*.)i%n )% -r%Ce.)B-

-LARNING i* an aggregate of powerful learning tool*5 It i* a fully
functional e7learning *y*tem with inno+ati+e training F te*ting option*
0*elf7a**e**ment*1 and ad+anced conferencing application*5
E7<earning i* a complete2 *ecure2 web7ba*ed training and e7learning
*olution that employ* a *imple u*er interface5 Thi* way both technical
and non7technical training manager* can ea*ily create2 manage2 and
trac- interacti+e training cour*e* and learning program* for all le+el* of
u*er*5
E7 <earning i* de*igned to ft any organiGation *iGe5
It i* a+ailable and deli+ered online5 Therefore you do not ha+e to in*tall
comple: program*2 in+e*t huge amount* in hardware or *oftware or hire
or maintain an e:pen*i+e IT department5 Hou can begin creating and
deploying training and e7learning immediately at a fraction of the co*t of
traditional training method*5
5.> /ea)*re9B-
TrainingF <earning ,eli+ered Anywhere2 Anytime2 Anyhow5
Ad+anced )*er =anagement5 Self7regi*tration and enrollment option*5
8AI moduleJ 7 A*- 9uery with many ad+anced option*5 Trac- the 9uery
re*ult5
S=S 8acilityJ 7 Schedule* of te*t* and re*ult* will be di*played on u*er* cell
phone5
8le:ible 3our*e =anagement5 Import and e:port your cour*e*? Publi*h
3our*e* for any period5 3onfgure tool* for each 3our*e5
3our*e* <i-eJ7
Technical Subject* K cFcLLF 5.et F/a+a FP@PF<I.)M
12

0eBoo-* Fte*t *erie*FPaper*1
3ampu* 4uidance K Aptitude F Rea*oning F PuGGle* F Paper* of
di>erent companie*.
Anline help and tutorial*5 Perm
ReportJ7It will contain all type of report* li-e )*er Report2 3our*e* Report
an# $an& more5
Permanently updated help and +ideo tutorial* that will *a+e your time B
e>ort5
4lo**aryJ7 @elpful ,ictionary5

5.? "e.'n%l%g& U9e# B-
/RON" ND B-
ASP5.ET to de+elop web application*5
BA!K ND B-
SI< Ser+er %" for maintaining our databa*e.
2. ANALYSIS
2.5 I#en)iD.a)i%n %8 nee#B-
There are lot* of good rea*on* to con*ider an online training programJ
pro+ided the ba*e for e7learningN* de+elopment5 E7learning can be Oon
demandO5 It o+ercome* timing2 attendance and tra+el
di>icultie*5,i*tance education 5
13

it i* the u*e of technology to enable people to learn anytime and
anywhere5 e7<earning can include training2 the deli+ery of ju*t7in7
time information and guidance from e:pert*5
Anline training i* more a>ordable than traditional cla**room training2
with *a+ing* of $P or more5
Anline cour*e* can be ta-en in multiple *itting* and are a+ailable %(
hour* a day2 # day* a wee- Q to better accommodate your bu*y
*chedule5
Anline training i* a* mobile a* you areR Hour training can ta-e place on
the road2 in the cafS2 or any other place you ha+e an internet7acce**ible
computer5
Elearning i* good for the en+ironment5 BritainD* Apen )ni+er*ityD*
T*tudy found that producing and pro+iding di*tance learning cour*e*
con*ume* an a+erage

E7learning Support* the <earnerD* ,e+elopment5

Elearning i* co*t e>ecti+e and can produce great re*ult*5 ItD* all a
matter of how you u*e it5
14

U

2.2 Preli$inar& In+e9)iga)i%n 0 /ea9i:ili)& S)*#& B-
2.2.5 "e.'ni.al /ea9i:ili)&B-
The a**e**ment i* ba*ed on an
outline de*ign of *y*tem re9uirement* in term* of Input2 Proce**e*2 Autput2
8ield*2 Program*2 and Procedure*5 Thi* can be 9uantifed in term* of +olume* of
data2 trend*2 fre9uency of updating2 etc5 in order to e*timate whether the new
*y*tem will perform ade9uately or not5 Technological fea*ibility i* carried out to
determine whether the technology ha* the capability2 in term* of *oftware2
hardware2 per*onnel and e:perti*e2 to handle the completion of the project5
2.2.2 O-era)i%nal /ea9i:ili)&B-
I* a mea*ure of how well a propo*ed project *ol+e* the problem*2 and
ta-e* ad+antage* of the opportunitie* identifed during *cope defnition and
how it *ati*fe* the re9uirement* identifed in the re9uirement* analy*i*
pha*e of project de+elopment5
2.2.= .%n%$i.al /ea9i:il)&B-
15

Economic analy*i* i* the mo*t fre9uently u*ed method for e+aluating the
e>ecti+ene** of a new *y*tem5 =ore commonly -nown a* co*tFbeneft
analy*i*2 the procedure i* to determine the beneft* and *a+ing* that are
e:pected from a candidate *y*tem and compare them with co*t*5 If beneft*
outweigh co*t*2 then the deci*ion i* made to de*ign and implement the
*y*tem5 An entrepreneur mu*t accurately weigh the co*t +er*u* beneft*
before ta-ing an action5
3o*t Ba*ed StudyJ It i* important to identify co*t and beneft factor*2 which
can be categoriGed a* follow*J ,e+elopment co*t*? and %5 Aperating co*t*5
Thi* i* an analy*i* of the co*t* to be incurred in the *y*tem and the beneft*
deri+able out of the *y*tem5
Time Ba*ed StudyJ Thi* i* an analy*i* of the time re9uired to achie+e a
return on in+e*tment*5 The beneft* deri+ed from the *y*tem5 The future
+alue of a project i* al*o a factor5
2.2.>S%.ial /ea9i:ili)& B-
People want opportunitie* to grow5 A cafeteria with high fat food* i* one
way5 Another i* a catalog with all *ort* of elearning cour*e*5 Thi* allow*
them to e:plore other opportunitie* in the organiGation5 ,uring downtime2 it
would be great to *pend ffteen minute* learning to better manage meeting
impro+e wor-ing with peer*5 A>ering the*e opportunitie* to learn ma-e*
you a place people want to *tay5It encourage* e:ploration and te*ting of
idea*5 ;ith the right feedbac- you create a great learning en+ironment5
;or*t ca*e2 you can alway* *tart o+er5 5

2.2.? "i$e /ea9i:ili)&B-
Thi* mean* e*timating how long the *y*tem will ta-e to de+elop2 and if it can
be completed in a gi+en time period u*ing *ome method* li-e paybac-
period5 Schedule fea*ibility i* a mea*ure of how rea*onable the project
timetable i*5 Some project* are initiated with *pecifc deadline*5 Hou need to
determine whether the deadline* are mandatory or de*irable555
16

2.= /*n.)i%nal ReE*ire$en) B-
2.=.5 Har#,are ReE*ire$en) B- A 3omputer with minimum following
re9uirement* J7
Mini$*$ Re.%$$en#e#
Pr%.e99%r %&& =@G & =@G or @igher
Me$%r& $( =b RA= !%& =b RA= or
@igher
Vi#e% A#a-)er an#
M%ni)%r
Super C4A0VW$1 Super C4A0VW$1 or
@igher Re*olution
Har#Dri+e Di9(
/reeS-a.e
!5" B4B !5" 4B or @igher
De+i.e9 Xeyboard B =ou*e Xeyboard B =ou*e
2.=.2 S%8),are ReE*ire$en) B-
Aperating Sy*tem J ;indow* MP
Platform )*ed J
8RA.T E., 7 ASP5.et
BA3X E., 7 SIl SERCER7%"
Tool* )*ed J A/AM
17

2.= N%n-/*n.)i%nal ReE*ire$en) B-
i5 Secure acce** of confdential data5
ii5 %( M # a+ailability5 6656P )ptime during bu*ine** hour*5 It *hould
mitigate *y*tem failure ri*-*5
iii5 Better component de*ign to get better performance at pea- time
i+5 8le:ible *er+ice ba*ed architecture will be highly de*irable for
future e:ten*ion
+5 Reliable and manageable
ASSUMP"IONSB
i5 Role* and ta*-* are predefned5
ii5 All the re9uirement* are fulflled5
iii5 )*er* po**e** facility to acce** internet5
i+5 Acce** and lin-age to *er+er i* a+ailable %(5

18


19

&5De9ign
=.5 S%8),are ngineering Para#ig$ B
To *ol+e actual problem* in a 9%8),are -r%Ce.) *etting2 a *oftware engineer or a
team of engineer* mu*t incorporate a #e+el%-$en) 9)ra)eg& that include*
method*2 tool* and procedure*5 Thi* *trategy i* referred to a* a proce** model
or a 9%8),are engineering -ara#ig$.
There are *e+eral *uch paradigm* a+ailable5 ;hich 9%8),are -ara#ig$ i* more
*uitable depend* on lot of factor* *uch a*J
!5 .ature of the Project
%5 Type of Application*
&5 Tool* propo*ed to be u*ed
(5 Xind of control* and documentation re9uired
The di>erent *oftware engineering paradigm* areJ7

!5 ;aterfall model
%5 Prototyping model
&5Abject oriented model
(5Spiral model
"5;I.;I. *piral model
$5Incremental model
#5 E+olutionary model
20

"'e Wa)er8all M%#elFLinear SeE*en)ial Li8e !&.le M%#el
;aterfall model i* the mo*t well -nown *oftware lifecycle de+elopment model5 It
i* +ery *imple to under*tand and u*e5 Each ne:t pha*e in thi* model mu*t
beginning only after the pre+iou* pha*e i* o+er5
;aterfall *oftware de+elopment model may be applicable to project* whereJ
Software re9uirement* clearly defned and -nown
Software de+elopment technologie* and tool* i* well -nown
.ew +er*ion of the e:i*ting *oftware *y*tem i* created
The *imple*t2 olde*t and mo*t widely u*ed proce** model for 9%8),are
#e9igning i* the ,a)er8all $%#el5 It wa* propo*ed by Royce in !6#5
The e**ence of thi* 9%8),are -ara#ig$ i* that the proce** of 9%8),are
#e9igning con*i*t* of linear *et of di*tinct pha*e*5
The*e pha*e* areJ
S)age5B /ea9i:ili)& S)*#&
The goal of fea*ibility *tudy i* to e+aluate alternati+e *y*tem* and to purpo*e
the mo*t 8ea9i:le an# #e9ira:le 9&9)e$ 8%r #e9igning5 8i+e type* of
fea*ibility are addre**ed in thi* *tudy5
!5Technical 8ea*ibility
%5 Economic 8ea*ibility
&5 8unctional 8ea*ibility
21

(5 Schedule 8ea*ibility
"5 Aperational 8ea*ibility

S)age2B ReE*ire$en) Anal&9i9 an# S-e.iD.a)i%n
The goal of thi* pha*e i* to under*tand the e:act re9uirement* of the
cu*tomer* and to document them properly5 Thi* acti+ity i* u*ually e:ecuted
together with the cu*tomer*2 a* the goal i* to document all function*2
performance and interfacing re9uirement* for the 9%8),are #e9igning an#
$anage$en)5 The re9uirement* de*cribe TwhatY of a *y*tem5 Thi* pha*e
produce* a large document containing a de*cription of what the *y*tem will do
without de*cribing how it will be done5 Thi* document i* -nown a* 9%8),are
reE*ire$en) 9-e.iD.a)i%n (SRS) #%.*$en)5
S)age=B De9ign
The goal of thi* pha*e i* to tran*form the re9uirement *pecifcation produced
in the re9uirement analy*i* pha*e into a *tructure that i* *uitable for
implementation in *ome programming language2 @ere2 o+erall *oftware
architecture i* defned2 and the product de*ign and detailed de*ign wor- i*
performed5 Thi* wor- i* documented and i* -nown a* 9%8),are #e9ign
#e9.ri-)i%n (SDD #%.*$en)).
S)age>B !%#ing an# Uni) "e9)ing
The information contained in S,, i* *u>icient to begin the coding Pha*e5
The coding Pha*e of 9%8),are #e9igning in+ol+e* tran*lation of de*ign
*pecifcation into a machine readable form5 If de*ign i* performed in a detailed
manner2 code generation can be accompli*hed ea*ily5 Thi* pha*e i* al*o -nown a*
the implementation pha*e5 @ere2 each component of the de*ign i* implemented a*
a program module2 and each of the*e program module* i* unit te*ted5 The purpo*e
of unit te*ting i* to determine the correct wor-ing of indi+idual module*5
22

S)age?B In)egra)i%n an# S&9)e$ "e9)ingB
,uring thi* pha*e the di>erent program module* are integrated in a planned
way and then te*ted a* a completed *y*tem to en*ure that the #e9igne# 9&9)e$
function* according to it* re9uirement* a* *pecifed in the SRS document5 After
te*ting2 the *oftware i* deli+ered to the cu*tomer5
S)ageAB S%8),are Main)enan.e
Thi* i* the la*t pha*e of 9%8),are #e9igning which include* a broad *et of
acti+itie* *uch a* error correction2 enhancement of capabilitie*2 deletion of
ob*olete capabilitie* and optimiGation5
A#+an)age9
!5 Simple and ea*y to u*e
%5 Ea*ily manageable5
&5 The pha*e of the model are proce**ed and completed one at a time5
(5 ;or-* +ery well for *maller 9%8),are -r%Ce.)95
Di9a#+an)age9
!5 It i* often di>icult for the cu*tomer to *tate all the re9uirement* e:plicitly5
%5 Real project* rarely follow the *e9uential Zow that the 9%8),are $%#el
propo*e*5
&5 The cu*tomer mu*t ha+e patience2 a* the product i* deli+ered +ery late in thi*
*oftware Proce** 5
(5 The model i* not *uitable for long time 9%8),are -r%Ce.)9.
23

Dia. The Waterfall Software Life Cycle Model
24

=.2 De9ign #iagra$9 B-

=.2.5 -R Diagra$ B-
25

=.2.2 D/D9 B-
26

Le+el 3 D/D B-
Se.%n# Le+el D/D B-
27



=.2.= U9e-!a9e Diagra$ B-
28
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=.= "e.'n%l%g& U9e# B-
29
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=.=.5 DO" N"B-
=icro*oft 5.ET 0pronounced Tdot netY1 i* a *oftware component
that run* on the ;indow* operating *y*tem5 5.ET pro+ide* tool* and librarie* that
enable de+eloper* to create ;indow* *oftware much fa*ter and ea*ier5 5.ET
beneft* end7u*er* by pro+iding application* of higher capability2 9uality and
*ecurity5 The 5.ET 8ramewor- mu*t be in*talled on a u*erD* P3 to run 5.ET
application*5
Thi* i* how =icro*oft de*cribe* itJ T5.ET i* the =icro*oft ;eb *er+ice*
*trategy to connect information2 people2 *y*tem*2 and de+ice* through *oftware5
Integrated acro** the =icro*oft platform2 5.ET technology pro+ide* the ability to
9uic-ly build2 deploy2 manage2 and u*e connected2 *ecurity7enhanced *olution*
with ;eb *er+ice*5 5.ET7connected *olution* enable bu*ine**e* to integrate their
*y*tem* more rapidly and in a more agile manner and help them realiGe the
promi*e of information anytime2 anywhere2 on any de+ice5
.N" ar.'i)e.)*re B-
=icro*oft 5.ET con*i*t* of four major component*J
3ommon <anguage Specifcation 03<S1 K blue in the diagram below
8ramewor- 3la** <ibrary 083<1 K red
3ommon <anguage Runtime 03<R1 K green
5.ET Tool* K yellow
30


At the ba*e of the diagram in gray i* the operating *y*tem2 which technically can
be any platform but typically i* =icro*oft ;indow* % or greater2 acce**ed
through the ;in&% API 0Application Programming Interface15
A#+an)age9 %8 DO" ne)B-
To addre** the limitation* of 3A= and ,.A2 =icro*oft de*igned the 5.ET
platform for Internet7ba*ed application*5
5.ET manage* the *cripting limitation* of 3A= and ,3A= and ma-e*
component de+elopment an ea*y ta*-5 5.ET pro+ide* the core
technologie* for de+eloping ;eb *er+ice*5 Therefore2 it not only beneft*
indi+idual u*er* but al*o organiGation* and de+eloper*5
Two major beneft* of 5.ET include *ide7by7*ide e:ecution of code and
decentraliGed regi*tration of component*5
Benefts of .NET: Side-by-Side Code Exection
5.ET *upport* *ide7by7*ide e:ecution of the code that help* re*ol+e
+er*ioning problem*5 Thi* feature *ol+e* the problem of o+erwriting of a
*hared component by allowing multiple
+er*ion* of a component to be in*talled and run *imultaneou*ly on the
*ame computer5 Therefore2 5.ET de+eloper* are not re9uired to maintain
31

bac-ward compatibility becau*e di>erent application* can u*e di>erent
+er*ion* of a *hared component5
5.ET de+eloper* can al*o *pecify the +er*ion and dependencie* between
di>erent *oftware component*5 The dependencie* are *tored with the
component* in an a**embly and thi* information help* maintain
application integrity5 Each application can re9ue*t to u*e a *pecifc
+er*ion of the component5 At runtime2 the *tored information i* u*ed to
load the correct +er*ion of the dependency5
5.ET generate* error* if component* are not loaded2 mi**ing
dependencie* are found2 or tampered5
Benefts of .NET: !ecentrali"ed #e$istration of Co%&onents
5.ET al*o reduce* problem* that occur becau*e of centraliGed
regi*tration of component* in the Regi*try5 It doe* not u*e the Regi*try
for component regi*tration5 In*tead2 it *tore* information about the
component* with the code and retrie+e* thi* information directly from
the fle* at runtime5
;hen an application in*tantiate* a new component2 the application
directory and other predefned location* for the component are *canned5
;hen the component i* located2 information about the component i*
cached for future u*e5 Thi* decentraliGed regi*tration of component*
minimiGe* the chance* of application* interfering with each other5 Hou
al*o do not need to regi*ter and unregi*ter component*5 Therefore2
deployment of application* become* ea*y and can be done by *imply
copying fle* into a directory5
Benefts of .NET to 'ndi(idal )sers
5.ET pro+ide* an integrated2 mobile computing e:perience to indi+idual
u*er*5 ,ata can be integrated from a range of computing hardware2 *uch
32

a* laptop*2 Poc-et P3*2 SmartphoneD*2 and other de+ice*5 Thi* enable*
u*er* to acce** information ea*ily regardle** of their location5
In addition2 5.ET application* can be in*talled u*ing M3APH5 )*er* can
ea*ily in*tall de*-top application* on the client computer* by *imply
copying the fle* on their computer* from a remote ;eb *er+er or from a
di*-5 8urther2 5.ET application* are not dependent on the Regi*try5
Therefore2 it i* ea*y to remo+e or replicate them5 To remo+e or replicate
the application*2 u*er* *imply need to delete the fle* or copy o+er them5
Benefts of .NET to !e(elo&ers
5.ET pro+ide* de+eloper* with an integrated *et of tool* for building ;eb
*er+ice* 9uic-ly and co*t7e>ecti+ely5 ,e+eloper* can u*e the*e tool* to
create *calable *olution* that can wor- acro** di>erent computing
de+ice*5
SGL B-
The only interface a+ailable between end u*er* and an R,B=S i* Structured
Iuery <anguage 0SI<15 All other application* and tool* that u*er* utiliGe to
interact with the R,B=S act a* tran*lator*Finterpreter*5 The*e tool* generate SI<
command* ba*ed on a u*erN* re9ue*t and pa** the generated SI< command* on to
the R,B=S5
SGL 8*n.)i%n9
,ata defnition or ,,< operation*2 *uch a* creating2 altering2 and dropping
databa*e object*5
,ata 9uery to *elect or retrie+e the *tored data5
,ata manipulation or the ,=< operation* to in*ert2 update2 and delete data5
Acce** and tran*fer data between the databa*e*5
33

,BA function* or the databa*e admini*trati+e ta*-* *uch a* managing u*er*5
03reating2 altering2 and dropping u*er*12 managing *pace 0creating2 altering2 and
dropping table *pace*12 and bac-up and reco+ery5
Allow u*er to enter data interacti+ely5
W'& SGL Ser+erH
S-a.e $anage$en)B It pro+ide* Ze:ibility to the *y*tem5
O-en !%nne.)i+i)&B It pro+ide* uninterrupted acce** to the databa*e5 It i*
po**ible to wor- with the information that re*ide* in other data repo*itorie* a* well
a* it allow* *torage of data in AracleD* databa*e and acce** through other *oftware
li-e CB2 SI< window*5
De+el%-$en) "%%l9B Aracle *er+er *upport* a wide range of de+elopment
tool* *uch a* end u*er 9uery tool* of the *helf applicationD* and o>ice wide
information management tool*5
Se.*ri)& Me.'ani9$B The*e mechani*m control acce** to *en*iti+e data by
an a**ortment of pri+ilege*5
Ba.(*- an# Re.%+er&B Aracle pro+ide* e:cellent Bac-up and Reco+ery
Routine*5 Bac-up create* *econdary copy of data5 Reco+ery re*tore* a copy of data
from that Bac-up5
Li$i)a)i%n9 B-
Since e+ery *y*tem ha* *ome limitation*2 *o the propo*ed *y*tem i* al*o not
untouchable in thi* regard5 Although it include* many feature* but *till it would not
be *u>icient a* the u*er re9uirement* are not alway* *ame5 The change in the
re9uirement* will need *ome change* in the *y*tem to fulfll the re9uirement*5 The
*ecurity of the *y*tem will be one of the prime concern* once it will be made
online5
!5 The barcode facility i* not a+ailable 5
%5 ,ataba*e u*ed i* SI< Ser+er and e+ery databa*e ha+e a *tac- limit5
&5 =anual Error* at the time of entering the data canDt be chec-2 only the
+alidation re9uired w5r5t propo*ed *y*tem i* chec-ed5
34

35

>.IMPLMN"A"ION
Ance the *y*tem wa* te*ted2 the implementation pha*e *tarted5 A crucial pha*e in
the *y*tem de+elopment life cycle i* *ucce**ful implementation of new *y*tem
de*ign5 Implementation* *imply mean con+erting new *y*tem de*ign into
operation5 Thi* i* the moment of truth the fr*t 9ue*tion that *tri-e* in e+ery oneD*
mind that whether the *y*tem will be able to gi+e all the de*ire* re*ult* a*
e:pected from *y*tem5 The implementation pha*e i* concerned with u*er training
and fle con+er*ion5
36


The term implementation ha* di>erent meaning*2 ranging from the con+er*ion of
a ba*ic application to a complete replacement of computer *y*tem Implementation
i* u*ed here to mean the proce** of con+erting a new or re+i*ed *y*tem de*ign into
an operational one5 3on+er*ion i* one a*pect of implementation5 The other a*pect*
are the po*t implementation re+iew and *oftware maintainence5 There are three
type* of implementationJ
Implementation of a computer *y*tem to replace a manual *y*tem
Implementation of a new computer *y*tem to replace an e:i*ting one5
Implementation of a modifed application to replace an e:i*ting one5
!%n+er9i%nB
3on+er*ion mean* changing from one *y*tem to another5 The objecti+e i* to
put the te*ted *y*tem into operation while holding co*t*2 ri*-* and per*onnel
irritation to a minimum5 It in+ol+e* creating computer compatible fle*? training the
operational *ta>? in*talling terminal* and hardware5 A critical a*pect of con+er*ion
i* not di*rupting the functioning of organiGation5
Dire.) I$-le$en)a)i%nB
In direct implementation? the pre+iou* *y*tem i* *topped and new *y*tem i*
*tarted up coincidentally5 @ere there i* a direct change o+er from manual *y*tem
to computer7ba*ed *y*tem5 In direct change o+er implementation? employee* can
face the problem*5 Suppo*e our *oftware i* not wor-ing much e>iciently a* manual
one then we canDt fnd the defect* in our *oftware5 It will not be benefcial in
fnding error*5
"'e -r%-%9e# 9&9)e$ 6-Learning7 i9 8*ll& i$-le$en)e# *9ing Dire.)
I$-le$en)a)i%n5
Thi* project i* *ucce**fully implemented in 3[ 0ASP5.ET1 and SI< Ser+er and wa*
*een in all re*pect of *pecifcation5 Any number of record* can be
37

maintained according to gi+en *chedule of company5 Till now it i*
*ucce**fully wor-ing5 A* far a* the modifcation in the Project i*
con*idered2 the all facilitie* are built in thi* project5
It i* granted that thi* project will wor- a* it i* at Pre*ent and al*o in future a* all
*pecifcation* are along the time and frame of the department5 Al*o thi* project
can be *ucce**fully implemented in any organiGation5
>.2 M%#*le9B-

Aur project pro+ide* full content for online learning 5 It contain* entitie* li-e
Admini*trator2 8aculty2 Student 5 ;e ha+e pro+ided *tudent* with *e+eral facilitie*
li-e glo**ary2 8AI2 9uiG2 9uiG re*ult*2 interaction with facultyE
Admini*trator i* the per*on who ha+e full control o+er *tudent and facultie*5
@e can *chedule lecture* 5 faculty can create 9uiG 5
I-lana)i%n %8 $%#*le9B-
!%*r9e9B-
In thi* module faculty can addFremo+e the cour*e* and *tudent can +iew the
cour*e*5 3our*e* are di+ided into three categorie*7
73ategory5
73ontenttype5
7content5
G*iJB-
IuiG i* created by faculty *tudent can gi+e and +iew the 9uiG and get the re*ult by
-nowing their te*t Kid5
Gl%99ar&B-
It i* a *ort of dictionary5 Student* can type the di>icult word* and get the meaning
38

>.= Sa$-le S%*r.e !%#eB-

L%gin PageB-
u*ing Sy*tem5,ata5S9l3lient?
public partial cla** login J Sy*tem5;eb5)I5Page
\
S9l3onnection cn ] new
S9l3onnection03onfguration=anager53onnectionString*[OcO'53onnectionString1?
protected +oid Page^<oad0object *ender2 E+entArg* e1
\
_
protected +oid Button!^3lic-0object *ender2 E+entArg* e1
\
try
\
FF S9l3onnection cn ] new S9l3onnection0Odataba*e],ataba*e5mdfO1?
FFcn5Apen01?
*tring *9l ] O*elect W from login where email ] NO L Te:tBo:!5Te:t L ONand
Pa**word]NO L Te:tBo:%5Te:t L ONO?
S9l,ataAdapter da ] new S9l,ataAdapter0*9l2 cn1?
FFS9l3ommand cmd ] new S9l3ommand0*9l2 cn1?
FFcmd5E:ecute.onIuery01?
FFcn53lo*e01?
,ataSet d* ] new ,ataSet01?
int i]da58ill0d*2 OtempO1?
if 0i ` 1
\
Se**ion[OallO' ] d*?
Re*pon*e5Redirect0O*tudent5a*p:O1?
_
el*e
\
<abel!5Te:t ] Oin+alid u*ernameFpa**wordO?
_
39

!a)eg%r& B-
u*ing Sy*tem5,ata5S9l3lient?
public partial cla** facultyaa J Sy*tem5;eb5)I5Page
\
S9l3onnection cn ] new
S9l3onnection03onfguration=anager53onnectionString*[OcO'53onnectionString1?
protected +oid Page^<oad0object *ender2 E+entArg* e1
\
_

protected +oid Button!^3lic-0object *ender2 E+entArg* e1
\
if
03hec-3ategory0Te:tBo:!5Te:t23on+ert5ToInt&%0,rop,own<i*t!5SelectedCalue11
]] true1
\
<abel!5Te:t ] OSorryRR Thi* category already e:i*t*O?
_
el*e
\
S9l3ommand cmd ] new S9l3ommand0OI.SERT I.TA 3ategory
03ategory.ame23I,2 preference2 *how1 CA<)ES 0NO L Te:tBo:!5Te:t L ON2NO L
,rop,own<i*t!5SelectedCalue L ON2NOL,rop,own<i*t%5SelectedCalueLON2NO L
3hec-Bo:!53hec-ed L ON1O2 cn1?
cn5Apen01?
cmd5E:ecute.onIuery01?
cn53lo*e01?
<abel!5Te:t ] OThi* category ha* been *a+edO?
4ridCiew!5,ataBind01?
_
_
protected Boolean 3hec-3ategory0*tring *tr2int con1
\
bool b ] fal*e?
S9l,ataAdapter da ] new S9l,ataAdapter0OSelect W from 3ategory ;here
3ategory.ame]NO L *tr L ON and 3I,]NOLconLONO2 cn1?
,ataSet d* ] new ,ataSet01?
int i ] da58ill0d*2 OTO1?
if 0i ` 1
40

\
b ] true?
_
el*e
\
b ] fal*e?
_
return b?
_
protected +oid Button%^3lic-0object *ender2 E+entArg* e1
\
Re*pon*e5Redirect0Ocontent5a*p:O1?
_
_
!%n)en) "&-e B-
u*ing Sy*tem5,ata5S9l3lient?
public partial cla** content^type J Sy*tem5;eb5)I5Page
\
S9l3onnection cn ] new
S9l3onnection03onfguration=anager53onnectionString*[O3onnectionStringO'53on
nectionString1?
protected +oid Page^<oad0object *ender2 E+entArg* e1
\
*tring *9l ] OSE<E3T 3ontenttype 8RA= 3ontenttypeO?
S9l,ataAdapter da ] new S9l,ataAdapter0*9l2 cn1?
,ataSet d* ] new ,ataSet01?
da58ill0d*2 OhO1?
4ridCiew!5,ataSource ] d*?
4ridCiew!5,ataBind01?
_
protected +oid 4ridCiew!^SelectedInde:3hanged0object *ender2 E+entArg* e1
\
_
_
41

>.> Sna-9'%)9 B-
5. H%$e Page B-
Thi* i* the ba*ic page of web*ite5
A:%*) U9B-
Thi* pro+ide* all the information about the +irtual learning home5
!%n)a.) U9B-
Thi* lin- pro+ide* all the information regarding faculty2cour*e*2contact
no52addre** of particular faculty 5
42

A:%*) U9 B-
43

!%n)a.) U9 B-
44

A#$ini9)ra)%r B-
A* *oon a* we clic- on admini*trator lin- admin will be
redirected to admin login page5 ;here admin will enter hi* email id and pa**word 5
45

A* *oon a* admin will *ubmit correct id and pa**word he will be directed to thi*
page where he can perform following thing* li-e K
3an +iew no5 of *tudent* logged into the web*ite for attending the cla**5
3an +iew no5 of faculty currently wor-ing2 there email add5 And al*o there
contact no5
Admin maintain* the databa*e2modify databa*e and will recruit faculty5
46

47

5.A#$in Vie,ing S)*#en) Li9) B-
48

2.A#$in Vie,ing /a.*l)& Li9) B-
3an +iew no5 of faculty currently wor-ing2 there email add5 And al*o there
contact no5
49

/a.*l)& B-
!53an *ee no5cour*e* to teach5
%53an an*wer to 9uerie* po*ted by *tudent*5
&53an ma-e li*t of fre9uently a*-ed 9ue*tion* and can an*wer them for the
beneft of *tudent*5
(58acultie* can *ee the lecture timing which i* to be ta-en by them5
A* *oon a* we clic- on lin- faculty on home Page we will redirect on faculty login
page if faculty i* already ha+ing account otherwi*e faculty mu*t *ignin fr*t5

50

5.!%*r9e9 B-
A* *oon a* faculty clic- on cour*e* lin- he will directed to content type
page2 where he can enter new content for *tudent* and can *a+e it if already not
pre*ent5
51

2.!a)eg%r& Page B-
A* *oon a* faculty will clic- on ne:t button he will redirected to 3ategory page5
;here feld* li-e category name2conent type are pre*ent5
52

=.!%n)en) Page B-
)nder content page faculty can add full document for any
topic *o that *tudent* can learn it or read it a* per there need5
53

@ere in thi* page 83X editor i* u*ed for formatting data5
S)*#en)9B-
5.G*iJ Page B-
54

@ere *tudent* can gi+e te*t 5 Student* can choo*e the category for
which they want to appear2 @ere timer i* u*ed to limit the timing of paper5
2.Regi9)ra)i%n -age B-
55

8or ma-ing account regi*tration i* nece**ary for faculty and
*tudent5
=.Le.)*re "i$ing B-
Student* can +iew lecture timing a* per the faculty they want to
*tudy5
56

57

>./AG B-
In thi* 8aculty 3an in*ert new 9ue*tion along with there an*wer* in any
particular feld and *tudent* can +iew and *tudy tho*e 8AIS 5
58

?.In)era.)i%n B-
;e ha+e added feature* li-e online chating and E7mail facility for
interaction with 8aculty5So that *tudent* can interact with facultie* and clear there
doubt*5
59

A.G*iJ Re9*l)9 B-
Student* can +iew there re*ult* of 9uiG te*t 5 Student ha+e to enter
hi*Fher email id 2 pa**word B te*tid which i* pro+ided at the time of 9uiG5
60

@./%r*$ B-
8orum i* the facility pro+ided to the *tudent* *o th*t they can directly
interacted with the admini*trator of the web*ite and can po*t comment or can gi+e
feed bac- for facultie* 5
Thi* page include* feld* li-e 8ull name2 email id2phone no5 and comment for any
faculty5
61

Gl%99ar& B-
A glo**ary i* a li*t of term* and defnition*5 Traditionally2 a
glo**ary appear* at the end a boo- and include* term* within that boo- 5
It i* +ery *imilar li-e a dictionary2a* *oon a* we clic- on go button we will get
connected to google and can fnd the meaning of the word we want to -now5

62

?. SO/"WAR "S"ING

?.5 "e9)ing B-
S%8),are )e9)ing i* an in+e*tigation conducted to pro+ide *ta-eholder* with
information about the 9uality of the product or *er+ice under te*t5 Software te*ting
al*o pro+ide* an objecti+e2 independent +iew of the *oftware to allow the bu*ine**
to appreciate and under*tand the ri*-* at implementation of the *oftware5 Te*t
techni9ue* include2 but are not limited to2 the proce** of e:ecuting a program or
application with the intent of fnding *oftware bug*5
Software te*ting can al*o be *tated a* the proce** of +alidating and +erifying that a
*oftware programFapplicationFproductJ
!5 meet* the bu*ine** and technical re9uirement* that guided it* de*ign and
de+elopment?
%5 wor-* a* e:pected? and
&5 can be implemented with the *ame characteri*tic*5
Software te*ting2 depending on the te*ting method employed2 can be
implemented at any time in the de+elopment proce**5 @owe+er2 mo*t of the te*t
e>ort occur* after the re9uirement* ha+e been defned and the coding proce** ha*
been completed5 A* *uch2 the methodology of the te*t i* go+erned by the *oftware
de+elopment methodology adopted5
,i>erent *oftware de+elopment model* will focu* the te*t e>ort at di>erent
point* in the de+elopment proce**5 .ewer de+elopment model*2 *uch a* Agile2
often employ te*t dri+en de+elopment and place an increa*ed portion of the te*ting
in the hand* of the de+eloper2 before it reache* a formal team of te*ter*5 In a more
traditional model2 mo*t of the te*t e:ecution occur* after the re9uirement* ha+e
been defned and the coding proce** ha* been completed5
63

?.2 "e9)ing An# Vali#a)i%nB-
O+er+ie,B
The aim of te*ting proce** i* to identify all defect* in a *oftware product5
Te*ting i* any acti+ity aimed at e+aluating the *oftware for 9uality re*ult* it
produce* and the 9uality of re*ult* it can handle5 Te*ting i* an operation to detect
the di>erence* between the e:pected 0re9uired1 re*ult and the actual re*ult5
Te*ting a program con*i*t* of *ubjecting the program to a te*t input* or te*t
ca*e* and ob*er+ing if the program beha+e* a* e:pected5 If the program fail* to
beha+e a* e:pected2 then the condition under which failure* occur* are noted for
later debugging and correction5 There are many *tage* of te*ting depending on the
comple:ity of the *oftware5
Le+el9 %8 "e9)ingB
The ba*ic le+el* of te*ting areJ7
!5 )nit Te*ting5
%5 Integration Te*ting5
&5 Sy*tem Te*ting
(5 Acceptance Te*ting5

The le+el* of re*ting attempt to detect di>erent type* of fault*5 The relation of
fault* introduce* in di>erent pha*e* and the di>erent le+el* of te*ting are *hown5
64

Employee .eed*
Acceptance Te*ting
Re9uirement* Sy*tem
Te*ting
,e*ign Integration
Te*ting
3ode )nit
Te*ting
?.= Nee# O8 "e9)ing An# "e9)ing A--lie# B-

Software te*ting i* a critical element of the ultimate re+iew of *pecifcation
de*ign and coding5 Te*ting of *oftware lead* to the unco+ering of error* in the
*oftware functional and performance re9uirement* are met 5Te*ting al*o pro+ide* a
good indication of *oftware reliability and *oftware 9uality a* a whole5 The re*ult
of di>erent pha*e* of te*ting are e+aluated and then compared with the e:pected
re*ult*5 If the error* are unco+ered they are debugged and corrected5 A *trategy
approach to *oftware te*ting ha* the generic characteri*tic*J
Te*ting begin* at the module le+el and wor-* Toutward*Y toward* the
integration of the entire computer ba*ed *y*tem5
,i>erent te*ting techni9ue* are appropriate at di>erent point* of time5
G%al9 an# O:Ce.)i+e9 B-
Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of fnding an
errorY5 A good te*t ca*e i* one that ha* a probability of fnding an a* yet
undi*co+ered error5 A *ucce**ful te*t i* one that unco+er* an a* yet undi*co+ered
error5 Aur Abjecti+e i* to de*ign te*t proce**e* that *y*tematically unco+er
di>erent cla**e* of error* and do *o with minimum amount of time and e>ort5
65

"e9)ing i$-le$en)a)i%n
E:ecute* Te*t plan* 0generate* te*t report*1 after preparation of te*t ca*e*
and after ma-ing appropriate change* in the code we e:ecute the te*t ca*e*5
E:ecution of te*t plan* i* done in accordance with project management plan5 Te*t
acceptance criteria for the functional te*t* in mea*urable term* are *pecifed in
cu*tomer re9uirement *pecifcation5 Say not more than : number of problem of
*e+erity code A and y problem* of *e+erity code B for acceptance of the product
under te*t5
After running our te*t ca*e* we run the te*t ca*e* gi+en by the company for
the +alidation of the product5
"e9) !a9e9
Te*ting a program con*i*t* of pro+iding the program with a *et of te*t input
0or te*t ca*e1 and ob*er+ing if the program beha+e* a* e:pected5 If the program
fail* to beha+e a* e:pected2 then the condition* under which a failure occur* are
noted for debugging and correction5 The following are *ome commonly u*ed term*
a**ociated with te*ting5
A 8ail*re i* a manife*tation of an err%r 0or defect or bug.). But2 the mere
pre*ence of an error may not nece**arily lead to a failure5
A 8a*l) i* an incorrect intermediate *tate that may ha+e been entered during
program e:ecution2 e5g5 a +ariable +alue i* di>erent from what it *hould be5 A fault
may or may not lead to a failure5
A )e9) .a9e i* the triplet [I2 S2 A' where I i* the data input to the *y*tem2 S i*
the *tate of the *y*tem at which the data i* input2 and A i* the e:pected output of
the *y*tem5
A )e9) 9*i)e i* the *et of all te*t ca*e* with which a gi+en *oftware product i*
to be te*ted5
66

VeriD.a)i%n an# Vali#a)i%n
Cerifcation i* the proce** of determining whether one pha*e of a *oftware
product conform* to it* pre+iou* pha*e2 wherea* +alidation i* the proce** of
determining whether a fully de+eloped *y*tem conform* to it* re9uirement*
*pecifcation5 Thu* while +erifcation i* concerned with pha*e containment of error2
the aim of +alidation i* to ma-e the fnal product error free5
"e9) Da)a9e)
Any product can be te*ted in one of the following two way*J
!5 Xnowing the *pecifed function to be performed by the de*ign product2 te*t* can
be e:ecuted2demon*trating each function to be fully operational while at the *ame
time fnding error* in each function*5
%5 Xnowing the productD* internal wor-ing2 te*t* can be conducted to en*ure that
internal operation* are performed according to the *pecifcation* and that all
internal component* ha+e ade9uately been e:erci*ed5
The following i**ue* mu*t be addre**ed if a *ucce**ful *oftware te*ting *trategy
mu*t be implementedJ
!5 Specify product re9uirement* in a 9uantifable manner long before te*ting
commence*5
%5 State te*ting objecti+e* e:plicitly
&5 )nder*tand the u*er* of the *oftware and de+elop a profle for each u*er
category5
(5 ,e+elop a te*ting plan that empha*iGe* Trapid cycle te*tingY
"5 Build robu*t *oftware that i* de*igned to te*t it*elf
$5 )*e e>ecti+e formal techni9ue* re+iew* a* a flter prior to te*ting5
#5 3onduct formal techni9ue* to a**e** the te*t *trategy and te*t ca*e*
them*el+e* de+elop a continue impro+ement approach for the te*ting
proce**5
67

A pictorial repre*entation of thi* can be *hown a* follow*5
"e9)ing Pr%.e99B-
The te*ting proce** can be *hown a*J
68
Result Of
Testing
Comparator
Existing Test Case
N!" T!'. C/'!
Software
Under Testing
O%.2%.

Le+el9 %8 "e9)ingB
69
L!)!0' $3 .!'.-4 T!'.
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7
N$
Y!'

The ba*ic le+el* of te*ting areJ7
!5 )nit Te*ting5
%5 Integration Te*ting5
&5 Sy*tem Te*ting
(5 Acceptance Te*ting a
UNI" "S"INGB-
)nit te*ting ha* been under ta-en when a module ha* been coded and
*ucce**fully re+iewed5 )nit te*ting i* the te*ting of di>erent unit* or module*
of *y*tem in i*olation5 It i* programmerD* re*pon*ibility to thin- of the
ad+antage of doing unit te*ting before integration te*ting i* that it ma-e*
debugging ea*ier5 If an error i* detected when a module i* being te*ted along
with *e+eral module*2 it would be di>icult to determine which module e:actly
ha* an error5
In the current *y*tem TStoc- =anagement Sy*temY2 unit te*ting ha* been
e:clu*i+ely done after fni*hing e+ery module5
IN"GRA"ION "S"INGB 7
Ance a program or module ha* been unit te*ted2 the programmer can then
wor- with integration it with other program*5
The primary objecti+e of integration te*ting i* to te*t the module interface* in
order to en*ure that there are no error* in the parameter pa**ing2 when one
module in+ol+e* another module*5 ,uring integration te*ting2 di>erent2 di>erent
module* of the *y*tem are integrated in a planned manner i5e5 the order in which
they are combined to realiGe the full *y*tem5
The +ariou* approache* of integration te*ting areJ
!5 Big Bang Approach5
%5 Top7,own Approach5
&5 Bottom7)p Approach5
70

(5 =i:ed Approach5
Aut of the abo+e four approache* =i:ed Approach ha* been u*ed for the
propo*ed *y*tem5 A mi:ed approach integration te*ting follow* a combination of
top down and bottom up te*ting approach5 In the top7down approach2 te*ting can
*tart only after the top le+el module* ha+e been coded and unit te*ted5 Similarly2
bottom up approach can *tart only after the bottom le+el module* are ready5 The
mi:ed approach o+ercome* the*e *hortcoming* of the top7down a bottom7up
approache*5 In the mi:ed te*ting approach2 te*ting can *tart a* a when module*
become a+ailable5
8or the propo*ed *y*tem we ha+e al*o e:ten*i+ely u*ed regre**ion te*ting5
Regre**ion te*ting i* the practice of running an old te*t *uite after change to the
*y*tem or after each bug f: en*ure that no new bug ha* been introduced a* a
re*ult of the change made or bug f:ed5
SYS"M "S"INGB-
Sy*tem te*ting i* actually a *erie* of di>erent te*t who*e primary purpo*e i*
to e:erci*e the computer ba*ed *y*tem2 all wor- to +erify that *y*tem element*
ha+e been properly integrated and performed allocated function5
It* focu* i* to pro+e that the completed *y*tem doe* what it *hould5 Thi* te*t
i* conducted in a formal manner5 The te*ter* u*e *cenario7ba*ed *y*tem te*t
*cript* that ha+e predicted output*5 The te*t re*ult* are recorded in *tructured te*t
log*5 The *tructured te*t log* and *cript* dri+e the *y*tem te*ting proce**5
Sy*tem te*ting acti+itie* are intended to pro+e that the *y*tem meet* it*
objecti+e*5 Te*ting pro+e* that the *y*tem meet* it* re9uirement*5 Thi* i* not
entirely true unle** one con*ider* acceptance te*ting a* a type of a *y*tem te*ting
becau*e the purpo*e of acceptance te*ting i* to demon*trate that the *y*tem meet*
71

the u*er re9uirement5 Acceptance te*ting i* +alidation proce**5 Sy*tem te*ting in
the *tricte*t *en*e i* a +erifcation proce**5 Regardle** of whether it repre*ent*
+erifcation or +alidation5 Sy*tem te*ting repre*ent* an e:ternal +iew of the
*y*tem5
Thi* i* true becau*e re9uirement* repre*ent the e+entual *y*tem u*erD* of the
*y*tem 0an e:ternal +iew15 )*er* do not under*tand nor do they care about how the
*y*tem wor-* a* long a* it i* u*able5 Sy*tem te*ting *hould be approached from
thi* per*pecti+e5
A* far a* the propo*ed TStoc- =anagement Sy*temY i* concerned it meet*
thi* re9uirement5
PR/ORMAN! "S"INGB-
Some of the performance te*ting done for the propo*ed *y*tem areJ7
5. S)re99 "e9)ing J7 Stre** te*ting i* done to e+aluate *y*tem performance
when it i* *tre**ed for *hort period* of tome5 Pro+iding a range of
abnormal and e+en illegal input condition *o a* to *tre** the capability of
the *oftware5 Input data +olume2 input data rate2 proce**ing time2
utiliGation of memory etc are te*ted beyond the de*igned capacity5
2. V%l*$e "e9)ing J7 Thi* te*ting i* done to chec- whether the data
*tructure* ha+e been de*igned *ucce**fully for e:traordinary *ituation5
"e9)ing in.l*#e9

VeriD.a)i%n and Vali#a)i%n
72

VeriD.a)i%nB-i* a proce** of confrming that *oftware meet* it*
*pecifcation5
Vali#a)i%nB7 i* the proce** of confrming that *oftware meet* the
cu*tomerD* re9uirement*5
Vali#a)i%n "e9)ing
Calidation *ucceed* when *oftware function* in a manner that can be rea*onably
e:pected by the cu*tomer5 It co+er* the following J7
Vali#a)i%n )e9) .ri)eria
Performance2 functional characteri*tic* and unco+ered de+iation from
*pecifcation5
!%nDg*ra)i%n Re+ie,B
En*ure* that all the element* of *oftware confguration ha+e been properly
de+eloped cataloged and ha+e *upport for the maintenance pha*e of *oftware life
cycle5
Al-'a Be)a "e9)ingB
Alpha te*t i* conducted by de+eloperD* *ite by cu*tomer5 Beta te*t i* conducted at
one or more cu*tomer *ite by *oftware end u*er
M%#*lar In)egra)i%n "e9)ingB
=odular integration te*ting i* done to en*ure that the module i* wor-ing
independently5 The input* a* re9uired by the module are gi+en a* re9uired and the
output i* te*ted a* per the *pecifcation*
"e9) Plan 1"e9) !a9e9 an# Re9*l)B
73

The component which are de+eloped are K
!5 The login proce** 0for authentication15
%5 Appro+al of the login application5
&5 Ta*-* 0,ata entryF updation1 after appro+ed application*5
(5 Report 4eneration5
"5 Print the report*5
$5 Pa**word reco+eryFchange
#5 .ew login
V5 Search facility for cu*tomer5
65 Succe**ful *a+ing of wor-5
Since the whole project i* de+eloped *o unit te*ting and integration te*ting of the
de+eloped component are carried out5 The unit te*ting wa* carried out by
*eparately operating the component5 The te*ting of login proce** part wa* carried
out by chec-ing the all form +alidation and chec-ing the databa*e after the form
*ubmi**ion5 The appro+al part wa* carried out by te*ting with the data which are
in*erted in the databa*e5 The ta*-* and Report portion i* al*o te*ted by the *ame
data which were proce**ed in the te*ting of appro+al of application portion5 Then
the whole *y*tem i* te*ted by the Sy*tem te*ting5
?.> "e9)ing a--lie# B-
Uni) )e9)ing refer* to te*t* that +erify the functionality of a *pecifc *ection
of code2 u*ually at the function le+el5 In an object7oriented en+ironment2 thi* i*
u*ually at the cla** le+el2 and the minimal unit te*t* include the con*tructor* and
de*tructor*5
The*e type of te*t* are u*ually written by de+eloper* a* they wor- on code 0white7
bo: *tyle12 to en*ure that the *pecifc function i* wor-ing a* e:pected5 Ane function
might ha+e multiple te*t*2 to catch corner ca*e* or other branche* in the code5
)nit te*ting alone cannot +erify the functionality of a piece of *oftware2 but rather
74

i* u*ed to a**ure that the building bloc-* the *oftware u*e* wor- independently of
each other5
)nit te*ting i* al*o called component testing.
De-en#en.ie9 B-
There may be *ome dependencie* in regarding to thi* project5 So *ome of the
dependencie* may be con*idered a*J
P*r.'a9e #e-en#en.&B- bPurcha*e dependencyD refer* to the dependency of
purcha*e or non7purcha*e of one item or item *et on the purcha*e or non7purcha*e
of another item or item *et5
In the conte:t of data mining2 +ariou* a*pect* of purcha*e dependencie* which
may be u*eful for the purpo*e of retail in+entory management ha+e been di*cu**ed
a* gi+en belowJ
De$an# In)er#e-en#en.&B The problem of multi7item in+entory i* more
challenging when there i* a**ociation in the demand or u*age pattern among*t the
item* or item7*et* 0Item7*et refer* to a *et of one or more item*2 hence if we *ay
item7*et2 it may refer to one item or a number of item*515 The correlation in the
demand among*t the item* can be one to one2 one to many2 many to one or many to
many5 In many *ituation*2 a cu*tomer buy* an item or item7*et only when another
item or item7*et i* al*o in *toc-5
SeE*en.e %8 P*r.'a9eB =any a time*2 a *e9uence of purcha*e get* repeated
mo*t of the time* with a time gap between two purcha*e*5 A *e9uence may be of
with two or more e+ent* of purcha*e*5 In each e+ent of purcha*e2 certain item*et i*
purcha*ed5 Ance a repetiti+e *e9uence rule i* identifed2 it can be u*ed a* an input
for in+entory modeling5
"i$e-De-en#en) P*r.'a9e Pa))ernB An di>erent day* of the wee-2 there may be
di>erent purcha*e pattern of the cu*tomer*5 Purcha*e pattern* on the wee-day*
and the wee-end* are generally di>erent5 Similarly2 in di>erent month* or *ea*on*2
di>erent pattern* may be ob*er+ed5 Time7dependent purcha*e pattern may al*o be
ob*er+ed at di>erent hour* of the day5 Purcha*e pattern in the e+ening hour*
happen* to be di>erent from the day hour*5 Segregated data with re*pect to time
75

can be u*ed to learn time7dependent purcha*e pattern*5 8or e:ample2 data of
wee-end and wee-day* can be *egregated for thi* purpo*e5
L%.a)i%n-De-en#en) P*r.'a9e Pa))ernB There may be an impact of culture2
climatic condition and other factor* on the purcha*e pattern5 Segregated data with
re*pect to location or *pace can be u*ed to learn location7dependent purcha*e
pattern*5
Nega)i+e De-en#en.&B Sometime*2 purcha*e of one item or item *et re*ult* in
non7purcha*e of another item or item *et5 Similarly2 non7purcha*e of one item or
item *et may re*ult in purcha*e of another item or item *et5 Thi* -ind of purcha*e
dependency may be ob*er+ed within a tran*action made by a cu*tomer or in
*ucce**i+e tran*action* made by the cu*tomer with a time gap5
Per8%r$an.e !'ara.)eri9)i.9 B-
The following performance characteri*tic* *hould be ta-en care of while
de+eloping the *y*temJ
U9er 8rien#line99B
The *y*tem *hould be ea*y to learn and under*tand *o that
new u*er can al*o u*e the *y*tem e>ecti+ely2 without any
di>iculty5
U9er 9a)i98a.)i%nB
The *y*tem *hould meet u*er e:pectation*5
Re9-%n9e )i$eB
The re*pon*e time of all the operation* *hould be low5 Thi*
can be made po**ible by careful programming5
rr%r 'an#lingB
76

Re*pon*e to u*er error* and the unde*ired *ituation*
*hould be ta-en care of to en*ure that the *y*tem operate*
without halting5
Sa8e)&B
The *y*tem *hould be able to a+oid or tac-le cata*trophic
beha+ior5
R%:*9)ne99B
The *y*tem *hould reco+er from unde*ired e+ent* without
human inter+ention5
?.? Vali#a)i%n !ri)eria B-
The following +alidation criteria were e*tabli*hed for the e+aluation
of the new *y*temJ
U9er 8rien#line99J7
The *y*tem *hould meet u*er need* and *hould be ea*y to
learn and u*e5
M%#*lari)&J7
The *y*tem *hould ha+e relati+ely independent and *ingle
function part*5
Main)aina:ili)&J7
The *y*tem *hould be *uch that future maintenance and
enhancement* time* and e>ort* are reduced5
"i$eline99J7
The *y*tem *hould operate well under normal2 pea- and
reco+ery condition*5
The *y*tem de+eloped *hould be accurate and hence reliable i5e5 the error
rate *hould be minimiGed and the output* *hould be con*i*tent and correct5
Both the e:ecution time and re*pon*e time *hould be negligibly low5
77

The *y*tem *hould be e>icient i5e5 the re*ource* utiliGation *hould be
optimal5
The *y*tem *hould ha+e *cope to fore*een modifcation* and enhancement*
i5e5 it *hould be able to cope with the change* in future technology5
A.!ON!LUSION
Te*ting i* an e**ential *tage of the *oftware de+elopment life cycle5 If i* performed
properly by following an organiGationD* *tandard* the end re*ult will be more
robu*t program* going to the *y*tem integration te*ting and fnally a *y*tem with
low maintenance5 Proper coding and unit te*ting are ba*ic *tep* to en*ure that the
*y*tem being built will wor- once it i* put together5
The objecti+e of thi* project wa* to build a program for maintaining the detail* of
all a+ailable *toc- and *ale* 5The *y*tem de+eloped i* able to meet all the ba*ic
re9uirement*5 It will pro+ide the facility to the u*er *o that they can -eep trac-* of
all the product* being *old5 The management of the In+entory will be al*o
benefted by the propo*ed *y*tem2 a* it will automate the whole *ale* procedure2
which will reduce the wor-load5 The *ecurity of the *y*tem i* al*o one of the prime
concern*5
78

There i* alway* a room for impro+ement in any *oftware2 howe+er e>icient the
*y*tem may be5 The important thing i* that the *y*tem *hould be Ze:ible enough
for future modifcation*5 The *y*tem ha* been factored into di>erent module* to
ma-e *y*tem adapt to the further change*5 E+ery e>ort ha* been made to co+er all
u*er re9uirement* and ma-e it u*er friendly5
G%al a.'ie+e#B The Sy*tem i* able to pro+ide the interface to the u*er *o
that he can replicate hi* de*ired data5 5
U9er 8rien#line99B Though the mo*t part of the *y*tem i* *uppo*ed to act in
the bac-ground2 e>ort* ha+e been made to ma-e the foreground interaction
with u*er a* *mooth a* po**ible5 Al*o the integration of the *y*tem with
In+entory =anagement project ha* been -ept in mind throughout the
de+elopment pha*e5

@.R/RN!S
!K.ne)
Profe**ional 3[5.ET 0;ro: Publication1
3[5.ET Blac- Boo- 08or Beginning1
;indow* Application with CB5.ET or 3[00P@I L =icro*oft1
ASP.N"
79

Profe**ional ASP5.ET0;ro: Publication1
Beginning ASP5.ET with CB or 3[
;eb Ba*ed Application with CB5.ET or 3[
MIS!LLANOUS
Pure 3[ Script
Profe**ional A,A5.ET
@and Boo- on ,eployment 0;ro:1
=a*tering SI< Ser+er %Q=i-e 4underly2 /o*eph < /ordan.
Some url* u*ed in the de+elopment of the project areJ
!5 httpJFFwww5google5co5in
%5 www5dotnet*pider5com
&5 httpJFFja+a*cript5internet5comF
(5 httpJFFwww5my*9l5comFtutor5htm
"5 www5eboo-*5com
$5 www5planetpdf5com
80