1 | P a g e E n g .

S a mi r A F a r a g

Model Answer for Mid term-3 (Control system components)
Prof. Fathy Nasr El-deen Jan. 2014
Eng. Samir A Farag
Q
1
:-
Simplify the following block-diagram and check your result using signal flow
graph




1.1 By block diagram reduction:
You can simplify the block diagram above by the one below and the next:










R(s) C(s)
G
1
(s) G
2
(s)
-
+ +
-
H
2
(s) H
1
(s)
R(s) C(s)
G
1
(s) G
2
(s)
-
+ +
-
H
2
(s)
H
1
(s) H
2
(s)
R(s)
C(s)
G
1
(s) G
2
(s)
-
+ +
-
H
2
(s)
H
1
(s) H
2
(s)
2 | P a g e E n g . S a mi r A F a r a g

From the last block diagram, G
2
(s) and H
2
(s) are feedback-connected blocks
and the result is

()
+

()

()
.The result of feedback combination is series with
G
1
(s) as shown below:




It is simply to obtain the closed loop transfer function,
()
()
, as follows:

()

()
+

()

()

()

()

1.2 By Signal Flow Graph:




- H
1
(s) H
2
(s)
-H
2
(s)

1 G
1
(s) G
2
(s)
R(s) E
1
(s) E
2
(s) C(s)
R(s) C(s)

()

()
+

()

()

+
-
H
1
(s) H
2
(s)
R(s) C(s)
-
+ +
-
H
2
(s) H
1
(s)
E
1
(s)

G
1
(s)
E
2
(s)

G
2
(s)
3 | P a g e E n g . S a mi r A F a r a g

Paths: (only one path)

=
Loops

()

()
Both of

and

are touching. So the characteristic equation, , is:

= (

) = +

()
So, according to Mason's gain formula:

()

That matches the result obtained by block diagram reduction.
Q
2
:-
Simplify the following block-diagram and check your result using signal flow
graph:




2.1 By block diagram reduction:
You can simplify the block diagram above by the one below and the next:




R(s) C(s)
G
1
(s) G
2
(s)
-
+
+ +
H(s) G
3
(s)
R(s)
C(s)
G
1
(s) G
2
(s)
-
+
H(s)
G
3
(s)
-
+
4 | P a g e E n g . S a mi r A F a r a g

As shown in the last block diagram, G
1
(s) and G
3
(s) are parallel-connected and
both of G
2
(s) and H(s) are feedback-connected. Both of the parallel connection
and the feedback combinations are series-connected as shown below:



It is simply to obtain the closed loop transfer function,
()
()
, as follows:

()
+

()()

()

()

()
+

()()

2.2 By Signal Flow Graph:




-G
3
(s) -H(s)

G
1
(s) G
2
(s)
R(s) E(s) C(s)
Paths:

and

and

=
R(s)
C(s)

()
+

()()

R(s) C(s)
G
1
(s) G
2
(s)
-
+
+ +
H(s) G
3
(s)
E(s)
5 | P a g e E n g . S a mi r A F a r a g

Loops: (only one loop)

()
So the characteristic equation, , is:
=

= +

So, according to Mason's gain formula:

That matches the result obtained by block diagram reduction.
Q
3
:-
Simplify the following block-diagram and check your result using signal flow
graph





3.1 By block diagram reduction:
You can simplify the block diagram above by the one below and the next:





R(s)
C(s)
G
1
(s) G
2
(s)
-
+
H
2
(s)
H
1
(s)
G
3
(s)
+
+
R(s)
C(s)
G
1
(s) G
2
(s)
-
+
H
1
(s)
H
2
(s)
-
+
G
3
(s)
6 | P a g e E n g . S a mi r A F a r a g

As shown in the last block diagram, G
2
(s) and H
1
(s) are feedback-connected
then the feedback combination is series with G
3
(s)










The two blocks,

and H
2
(s), are feedback-connected and then series-
connected to G
1
(s)

R(s)
C(s)
G
1
(s)
-
+
H
2
(s)
G
3
(s)

()
+

()

()

R(s)
C(s)
G
1
(s)
-
+
H
2
(s)

()

()
+

()

()

R(s) C(s)
G
1
(s)

R(s) C(s)
G
1
(s)

7 | P a g e E n g . S a mi r A F a r a g

3.2 By Signal Flow Graph:





-H
2
(s)

-H
1
(s)

G
1
(s) G
2
(s) G
3
(s)
R(s) E
1
(s) E
2
(s) C(s)
Paths: (only one path)

=
Loops

()

()
Both of

and

are touching. So the characteristic equation, , is:

= (

) = +

() +

()
So, according to Mason's gain formula:

()+

()

That matches the result obtained by block diagram reduction.
Mr. Eng. S. A Farag, Thursday, J anuary 2, 2014
R(s)
C(s)
G
1
(s)
-
+
H
2
(s)
H
1
(s)
G
3
(s)
+
+
E
1
(s)
G
2
(s)
E
2
(s)