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Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle


Born Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle
22 May 1859
Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Died 7 J uly 1930 (aged 71)
Crowborough, East Sussex, England,
UK
Occupation Novelist, short story writer, poet,
physician
Nationality Scottish
Citizenship British
Genres Detective fiction, fantasy, science
fiction, historical novels, non-fiction
Notable
work(s)
Stories of Sherlock Holmes
The Lost World
Signature
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle KGStJ , DL (22 May
1859 7 J uly 1930) was a Scottish physician and writer who
is most noted for his fictional stories about the detective
Sherlock Holmes, which are generally considered milestones
in the field of crime fiction. He is also known for writing the
fictional adventures of a second character he invented,
Professor Challenger, and for popularising the mystery of the
Mary Celeste.
[1]
He was a prolific writer whose other works
include fantasy and science fiction stories, plays, romances,
poetry, non-fiction, and historical novels.
1 Life and career
1.1 Early life
1.2 Name
1.3 Writing career
1.4 Sporting career
1.5 Marriages and family
1.6 "Death" of Sherlock Holmes
1.7 Political campaigning
1.8 Correcting injustice
1.9 Spiritualism
1.10 Death
2 Bibliography
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Early life
Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle was born on 22 May 1859 at 11 Picardy Place, Edinburgh, Scotland.
[2][3]
His
father, Charles Altamont Doyle, was born in England of Irish Catholic descent, and his mother, Mary (ne
Foley), was Irish Catholic. His parents married in 1855.
[4]
In 1864 the family dispersed due to Charles's
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growing alcoholism and the children were temporarily housed across Edinburgh. In 1867, the family came
together again and lived in squalid tenement flats at 3 Sciennes Place.
[5]
Supported by wealthy uncles, Doyle was sent to the Roman Catholic J esuit preparatory school Hodder Place,
Stonyhurst, at the age of nine (186870). He then went on to Stonyhurst College until 1875. From 1875 to 1876,
he was educated at the J esuit school Stella Matutina in Feldkirch, Austria.
[5]
By the time he left, he had rejected
religion and become an agnostic,
[6]
though he would eventually become a spiritualist mystic.
[7]
From 1876 to 1881 he studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh Medical School, including a period
working in Aston (now a district of Birmingham) and Sheffield, as well as Ruyton XI Towns, Shropshire.
[8]
While studying, Doyle began writing short stories. His earliest extant fiction, "The Haunted Grange of
Goresthorpe", was unsuccessfully submitted to Blackwood's Magazine.
[5]
His first published piece The Mystery
of Sasassa Valley, a story set in South Africa, was printed in Chambers's Edinburgh Journal on 6 September
1879.
[5][9]
On 20 September 1879, he published his first academic article, "Gelsemium as a Poison" in the
British Medical Journal.
[5][10][11]
Doyle was employed as a doctor on the Greenland whaler Hope of Peterhead in 1880
[12]
and, after his
graduation from university in 1881 as MB/CM, as a ship's surgeon on the SS Mayumba during a voyage to the
West African coast.
[5]
He completed his M.D. degree (an advanced degree in England beyond the usual medical
degrees) on the subject of tabes dorsalis in 1885.
[13]
Doyle's father died in 1893, in the Crichton Royal, Dumfries, after many years of psychiatric illness.
[14][15]
Name
Although Doyle is often referred to as "Conan Doyle", it is unclear whether this is a compound surname. His
baptism entry in the register of St Mary's Cathedral, Edinburgh, gives "Arthur Ignatius Conan" as his Christian
names, and simply "Doyle" as his surname. It also names Michael Conan as his godfather.
[16]
The cataloguers
of the British Library and the Library of Congress treat "Doyle" alone as his surname.
[17]
Steven Doyle, editor of the Baker Street Journal, has written, "Conan was Arthur's middle name. Shortly after
he graduated from high school he began using Conan as a sort of surname. But technically his last name is
simply 'Doyle'."
[18]
When knighted he was gazetted as Doyle, not under the compound Conan Doyle.
[19]
Nevertheless, the actual use of a compound surname is demonstrated by the fact that Doyle's second wife was
known as "J ean Conan Doyle" rather than "J ean Doyle".
[20]
Writing career
In 1882 he joined former classmate George Turnavine Budd as his partner at a medical practice in Plymouth,
but their relationship proved difficult, and Doyle soon left to set up an independent practice.
[5][21]
Arriving in
Portsmouth in J une 1882 with less than 10 (900 today
[22]
) to his name, he set up a medical practice at 1 Bush
Villas in Elm Grove, Southsea.
[23]
The practice was initially not very successful. While waiting for patients,
Doyle again began writing stories and composed his first novels, The Mystery of Cloomber, not published until
1888, and the unfinished Narrative of John Smith, which would go unpublished until 2011.
[24]
He amassed a
portfolio of short stories including "The Captain of the Pole-Star" and "J . Habakuk J ephson's Statement", both
inspired by Doyle's time at sea, the latter of which popularised the mystery of the Mary Celeste and added
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Portrait of Sherlock Holmes
by Sidney Paget, 1904
Portrait of Doyle by Herbert
Rose Barraud, 1893
fictional details such as the perfect condition of the ship (which had actually
taken on water by the time it was discovered) and its boats remaining on board
(the one boat was in fact missing) that have come to dominate popular
accounts of the incident.
[1][5]
Doyle struggled to find a publisher for his work. His first significant piece, A
Study in Scarlet, was taken by Ward Lock & Co on 20 November 1886, giving
Doyle 25 for all rights to the story. The piece appeared later that year in the
Beeton's Christmas Annual and received good reviews in The Scotsman and
the Glasgow Herald.
[5]
The story featured the first appearance of Watson and
Sherlock Holmes, partially modelled after his former university teacher J oseph
Bell. Doyle wrote to him, "It is most certainly to you that I owe Sherlock
Holmes ... round the centre of deduction and inference and observation which I
have heard you inculcate I have tried to build up a man."
[25]
Robert Louis Stevenson was able, even in faraway Samoa, to recognise the
strong similarity between J oseph Bell and Sherlock Holmes: "My compliments
on your very ingenious and very interesting adventures of Sherlock Holmes. ...
can this be my old friend J oe Bell?"
[26]
Other authors sometimes suggest
additional influencesfor instance, the famous Edgar Allan Poe character C.
Auguste Dupin.
[27]
A sequel to A Study in Scarlet was commissioned and The Sign of the Four
appeared in Lippincott's Magazine in February 1890, under agreement with the
Ward Lock company. Doyle felt grievously exploited by Ward Lock as an author
new to the publishing world and he left them.
[5]
Short stories featuring Sherlock
Holmes were published in the Strand Magazine. Doyle first began to write for
the 'Strand' from his home at 2 Upper Wimpole Street, now marked by a
memorial plaque.
[28]
During this period, however, Holmes was not his sole
subject and in 1893, he collaborated with J .M. Barrie on the libretto of Jane
Annie.
[29]
Sporting career
While living in Southsea, Doyle played football as a goalkeeper for Portsmouth Association Football Club, an
amateur side, under the pseudonym A. C. Smith.
[30]
(This club, disbanded in 1896, has no connection with the
present-day Portsmouth F.C., which was founded in 1898.) Doyle was a keen cricketer, and between 1899 and
1907 he played 10 first-class matches for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC).
His highest score, in 1902 against London County, was 43. He was an occasional bowler who took just one
first-class wicket (although one of high pedigreeit was W. G. Grace).
[31]
Also a keen golfer, Doyle was
elected captain of the Crowborough Beacon Golf Club, East Sussex for 1910. He moved to Little Windlesham
house in Crowborough with his second wife, J ean Leckie, and their family from 1907 until his death in J uly
1930.
[32]
Marriages and family
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Sherlock Holmes statue in Edinburgh,
erected opposite the birthplace of
Doyle which was demolished c.1970
In 1885 Doyle married Mary Louise (sometimes called "Louisa") Hawkins, the youngest daughter of J .
Hawkins, of Minsterworth, Gloucestershire, and sister of one of Doyle's patients. She suffered from tuberculosis
and died on 4 J uly 1906.
[33]
The following year he married J ean Elizabeth Leckie, whom he had first met and
fallen in love with in 1897. He had maintained a platonic relationship with J ean while his first wife was still
alive, out of loyalty to her.
[34]
J ean died in London on 27 J une 1940.
[35]
Doyle fathered five children. He had two with his first wife: Mary Louise (28 J anuary 1889 12 J une 1976) and
Arthur Alleyne Kingsley, known as Kingsley (15 November 1892 28 October 1918). He also had three with
his second wife: Denis Percy Stewart (17 March 1909 9 March 1955) second husband of Georgian Princess
Nina Mdivani, Adrian Malcolm (19 November 1910 3 J une 1970) and J ean Lena Annette (21 December
1912 18 November 1997).
[36]
"Death" of Sherlock Holmes
In 1890 Doyle studied ophthalmology in Vienna, and moved to London,
first living in Montague Place and then in South Norwood. He set up a
practice as an ophthalmologist at No.2 Devonshire Place.
[37]
He wrote in
his autobiography that not a single patient crossed his door. This gave
him more time for writing, and in November 1891 he wrote to his
mother: "I think of slaying Holmes ... and winding him up for good and
all. He takes my mind from better things." His mother responded, "You
won't! You can't! You mustn't!"
[38]
In December 1893, to dedicate more of his time to what he considered
his more important works (his historical novels), Doyle had Holmes and
Professor Moriarty apparently plunge to their deaths together down the
Reichenbach Falls in the story "The Final Problem". Public outcry,
however, led him to bring the character back in 1901, in The Hound of
the Baskervilles, although this was set at a time before the Reichenbach
incident.
In 1903, Doyle published his first Holmes short story in ten years, The
Adventure of the Empty House, in which it was explained that only
Moriarty had fallen; but since Holmes had other dangerous enemies
especially Colonel Sebastian Moranhe had arranged to also be
perceived as dead. Holmes ultimately was featured in a total of 56 short stories and four Doyle novels, and has
since appeared in many novels and stories by other authors. J ane Stanford compares some of Moriarty's
characteristics to those of the Fenian J ohn O'Connor Power. 'The Final Problem' was published the year the
Second Home Rule Bill passed through the House of Commons. 'The Valley of Fear' was serialised in 1914, the
year Home Rule, The Government of Ireland Act (18 Sept.) was placed on the Statute Book.
[39]
Political campaigning
Following the Boer War in South Africa at the turn of the 20th century and the condemnation from around the
world over the United Kingdom's conduct, Doyle wrote a short work titled The War in South Africa: Its Cause
and Conduct, which justified the UK's role in the Boer War and was widely translated. Doyle had served as a
volunteer doctor in the Langman Field Hospital at Bloemfontein between March and J une 1900.
[40]
Doyle
believed that this publication was responsible for his being knighted as a Knight Bachelor by King Edward VII
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Doyle's house in South Norwood,
London
Doyle statue in
Crowborough, East Sussex
in 1902
[19]
and for his appointment as a Deputy-Lieutenant of
Surrey.
[41]
Also in 1900 he wrote a book, The Great Boer War. During
the early years of the 20th century, he twice stood for Parliament as a
Liberal Unionistonce in Edinburgh and once in the Hawick
Burghsbut although he received a respectable vote, he was not elected.
In May 1903 he was appointed a Knight of Grace of the Order of the
Hospital of Saint J ohn of J erusalem.
[42]
Doyle was a supporter of the campaign for the reform of the Congo Free
State, led by the journalist E. D. Morel and diplomat Roger Casement.
During 1909 he wrote The Crime of the Congo, a long pamphlet in
which he denounced the horrors of that colony. He became acquainted
with Morel and Casement, and it is possible that, together with Bertram Fletcher Robinson, they inspired
several characters in the 1912 novel The Lost World.
[43]
Doyle broke with both Morel and Casement when
Morel became one of the leaders of the pacifist movement during the First World War. When Casement was
found guilty of treason against the Crown during the Easter Rising, Doyle tried unsuccessfully to save him from
facing the death penalty, arguing that Casement had been driven mad and could not be held responsible for his
actions.
Correcting injustice
Doyle was also a fervent advocate of justice and personally investigated two
closed cases, which led to two men being exonerated of the crimes of which
they were accused. The first case, in 1906, involved a shy half-British,
half-Indian lawyer named George Edalji who had allegedly penned threatening
letters and mutilated animals in Great Wyrley. Police were set on Edalji's
conviction, even though the mutilations continued after their suspect was jailed.
It was partially as a result of this case that the Court of Criminal Appeal was
established in 1907. Apart from helping George Edalji, his work helped
establish a way to correct other miscarriages of justice. The story of Doyle and
Edalji was fictionalised in J ulian Barnes's 2005 novel Arthur & George and
dramatised in an episode of the 1972 BBC television series, "The Edwardians".
In Nicholas Meyer's pastiche The West End Horror (1976), Holmes manages to
help clear the name of a shy Parsi Indian character wronged by the English
justice system. Edalji was of Parsi heritage on his father's side. The second case,
that of Oscar Slater, a German J ew and gambling-den operator convicted of
bludgeoning an 82-year-old woman in Glasgow in 1908, excited Doyle's
curiosity because of inconsistencies in the prosecution case and a general sense
that Slater was not guilty. He ended up paying most of the costs for Slater's
successful appeal in 1928.
[44]
Spiritualism
Following the death of his wife Louisa in 1906, the death of his son Kingsley just before the end of the First
World War, and the deaths of his brother Innes, his two brothers-in-law (one of whom was E. W. Hornung,
creator of the literary character Raffles) and his two nephews shortly after the war, Doyle sank into depression.
He found solace supporting spiritualism and its attempts to find proof of existence beyond the grave. In
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One of the five photographs of
Frances Griffiths with the alleged
fairies, taken by Elsie Wright in J uly
1917
Doyle with his family in
New York City, 1922
Doyle in 1930, the year of his death,
with his son Adrian
particular, according to some,
[45]
he favoured Christian Spiritualism and
encouraged the Spiritualists' National Union to accept an eighth precept
that of following the teachings and example of J esus of Nazareth. He
was a member of the renowned supernatural organisation The Ghost
Club.
[46]
On 28 October 1918, Kingsley Doyle
died from pneumonia, which he
contracted during his convalescence after
being seriously wounded during the 1916
Battle of the Somme. Brigadier-General
Innes Doyle died, also from pneumonia,
in February 1919. Sir Arthur became
involved with Spiritualism to the extent
that he wrote a Professor Challenger
novel on the subject, The Land of Mist. The Coming of the Fairies (1922)
[47]
appears to show that Conan Doyle was convinced of the veracity of the five
Cottingley Fairies photographs (which decades later were exposed as a hoax).
He reproduced them in the book, together with theories about the nature and
existence of fairies and spirits. In The History of Spiritualism (1926), Doyle
praised the psychic phenomena and spirit materialisations produced by Eusapia
Palladino and Mina Crandon.
[48]
Doyle was friends for a time with Harry Houdini, the American
magician who himself became a prominent opponent of the Spiritualist
movement in the 1920s following the death of his beloved mother.
Although Houdini insisted that Spiritualist mediums employed trickery
(and consistently exposed them as frauds), Doyle became convinced that
Houdini himself possessed supernatural powersa view expressed in
Doyle's The Edge of the Unknown. Houdini was apparently unable to
convince Doyle that his feats were simply illusions, leading to a bitter
public falling out between the two.
[48]
In 1920 Doyle debated the notable sceptic J oseph McCabe on the claims
of Spiritualism at Queen's Hall in London. McCabe later published his
evidence against Doyle and Spiritualism in a booklet entitled Is
Spiritualism Based on Fraud? which claimed Doyle had been duped into
believing Spiritualism by mediumship trickery.
[49]
Because of the
exposure of William Hope and other fraudulent spiritualists, Doyle in the
1920s led a mass resignation of eighty-four members of the Society for
Psychical Research, as they believed the Society was opposed to
spiritualism.
[50]
Doyle and spiritualist William Thomas Stead were duped into believing J ulius and Agnes Zancig had genuine
psychic powers. Both Doyle and Stead claimed the Zancigs performed telepathy. In 1924 J ulius and Agnes
Zancig confessed that that their mind reading act was a trick and published the secret code and all the details of
the trick method they had used under the title of Our Secrets!! in a London newspaper.
[51]
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Doyle's grave at Minstead,
England
Richard Milner, an American historian of science, has presented a case that Doyle may have been the
perpetrator of the Piltdown Man hoax of 1912, creating the counterfeit hominid fossil that fooled the scientific
world for over 40 years. Milner says that Doyle had a motivenamely, revenge on the scientific establishment
for debunking one of his favourite psychicsand that The Lost World contains several encrypted clues
regarding his involvement in the hoax.
[52][53]
Samuel Rosenberg's 1974 book Naked is the Best Disguise
purports to explain how, throughout his writings, Doyle left open clues that related to hidden and suppressed
aspects of his mentality.
In 1970, a woman identified only as "Vera" claimed she had transcribed works via her dead mother from
numerous deceased authors including Doyle. Her father, a retired 73-year-old bank officer only identified as
"Mr. A", submitted the material a collection entitled Tales of Mystery and Imagination to author Peter
Fleming who dismissed it as "tosh". Author Duff Hart-Davis noted that the work was "crude, devoid of literary
merit, and all almost exactly the same" despite allegedly being the work of numerous authors.
[54]
Death
Doyle was found clutching his chest in the hall of Windlesham Manor, his house
in Crowborough, East Sussex, on 7 J uly 1930. He died of a heart attack at the
age of 71. His last words were directed toward his wife: "You are
wonderful."
[55]
At the time of his death, there was some controversy concerning
his burial place, as he was avowedly not a Christian, considering himself a
Spiritualist. He was first buried on 11 J uly 1930 in Windlesham rose garden. He
was later reinterred together with his wife in Minstead churchyard in the New
Forest, Hampshire.
[5]
Carved wooden tablets to his memory and to the memory
of his wife are held privately and are inaccessible to the public. That inscription
reads, "Blade straight/Steel true/Arthur Conan Doyle/Born May 22nd
1859/Passed on 7th J uly 1930."
The epitaph on his gravestone in the churchyard reads, in part: "Steel true/Blade
straight/Arthur Conan Doyle/Knight/Patriot, Physician, and man of letters".
[56]
Undershaw, the home near Hindhead, Haslemere, which Doyle had built and
lived in between October 1897 and September 1907,
[57]
was a hotel and
restaurant from 1924 until 2004. It was then bought by a developer and stood empty while conservationists and
Doyle fans fought to preserve it.
[33]
In 2012 the High Court ruled the redevelopment permission be quashed
because proper procedure had not been followed.
[58]
A statue honours Doyle at Crowborough Cross in Crowborough, where he lived for 23 years.
[59]
There is a
statue of Sherlock Holmes in Picardy Place, Edinburgh, close to the house where Doyle was born.
[60]
Physician writer
William Gillette, a personal friend who performed the most famous stage version of Sherlock Holmes
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List of Notable Freemasons
^
a

b
Macdonald Hastings, Mary Celeste, (1971);
ISBN 0-7181-1024-2
1.
^ "Scottish writer best known for his creation of the
detective Sherlock Holmes"
(http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/170563
/Sir-Arthur-Conan-Doyle). Encyclopaedia Britannica.
Retrieved 30 December 2009.
2.
^ "Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Biography"
(http://www.sherlockholmesonline.org/biography
/index.htm). sherlockholmesonline.org. Archived
(http://web.archive.org/web/20110202233118/http:
//www.sherlockholmesonline.org/Biography
/index.htm) from the original on 2 February 2011.
Retrieved 13 J anuary 2011.
3.
^ The details of the births of Arthur and his siblings
are unclear. Some sources say there were nine
children, some say ten. It seems three died in
childhood. See Owen Dudley Edwards', "Doyle, Sir
Arthur Ignatius Conan (18591930)", Oxford
Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University
Press, 2004; Encyclopaedia Britannica
(http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/170563
/Sir-Arthur-Conan-Doyle); Arthur Conan Doyle: A
Life in Letters, Wordsworth Editions, 2007 p. viii;
ISBN 978-1-84022-570-9
4.
^
a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

j

k
Owen Dudley Edwards, "Doyle, Sir
Arthur Ignatius Conan (18591930)", Oxford
Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University
Press, 2004
5.
^ Golgotha Pres (2011). The Life and Times of Arthur
Conan Doyle. BookCaps Study Guides.
ISBN 978-1-62107-027-6. "In time, he would reject
the Catholic religion and become an agnostic."
6.
^ Pascal, J anet B. (2000). Arthur Conan Doyle:
Beyond Baker Street. Oxford University Press, p. 139
7.
^ Brown, Yoland (1988). Ruyton XI Towns, Unusual
Name, Unusual History. Brewin Books. pp. 9293.
ISBN 0-947731-41-5.
8.
^ Stashower 3031. 9.
^ Doyle, Arthur Conan (20 September 1879). "Arthur
Conan Doyle takes it to the limit (1879)"
(http://www.bmj.com/content/339/bmj.b2861).
British Medical Journal. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
Retrieved 2 February 2014. (subscription required)
10.
^ Doyle, Arthur Conan (20 September 1879).
"Letters, Notes, and Answers to Correspondents"
(http://www.bmj.com/highwire/filestream/45606
/field_highwire_article_pdf/0/481). British Medical
Journal. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. Retrieved 2
February 2014. (subscription required)
11.
^ Conan Doyle, Arthur (Author), Lellenberg, J on
(Editor), Stashower, Daniel (Editor) (2012).
Dangerous Work: Diary of an Arctic Adventure.
University Of Chicago Press; ISBN 0-226-00905-X;
ISBN 978-0-226-00905-6.
12.
^ Available at the Edinburgh Research Archive
(http://www.era.lib.ed.ac.uk/handle/1842/418).
13.
^ Lellenberg, J on; Daniel Stashower and Charles
Foley (2007). Arthur Conan Doyle: A Life in Letters.
HarperPress. pp. 89. ISBN 978-0-00-724759-2.
14.
^ Stashower, Daniel (2000). Teller of Tales: The Life
of Arthur Conan Doyle. Penguin Books. pp. 2021.
ISBN 0-8050-5074-4.
15.
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^ Stashower says that the compound version of his
surname originated from his great-uncle Michael
Conan, a distinguished journalist, from whom Arthur
and his elder sister, Annette, received the compound
surname of "Conan Doyle" (Stashower 2021). The
same source points out that in 1885 he was describing
himself on the brass nameplate outside his house, and
on his doctoral thesis, as "A. Conan Doyle"
(Stashower 70). However, the 1901 census indicates
that Conan Doyle's surname was "Doyle", leading
some sources to assert that the form "Conan Doyle"
was used as a surname only in his later years.
16.
^ Christopher Redmond, Sherlock Holmes Handbook
(Dundurn, 2nd edition 2009), p. 97
(http://books.google.co.uk
/books?id=X3OIoRbJ FhAC&pg=PA97&
redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false)
17.
^ Steven Doyle & David A. Crowder, Sherlock
Holmes for Dummies (Hoboken, NJ : J ohn Wiley &
Sons, 2010), p. 51 (http://books.google.com
/books?id=FTs85BS6IeYC&pg=PA51#v=onepage&
q&f=false)
18.
^
a

b
The London Gazette: no. 27494. p. 7165
(http://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/27494
/page/7165). 11 November 1902. Retrieved 28 May
2013.
19.
^ Cutis, vols. 5354 (1994), p. 312: "A large stone
cross stands over a simple half-oval white stone,
inscribed: "Steel True, Blade Straight, Arthur Conan
Doyle, Knight, Patriot, Physician & Man of Letters,
22 May 1859 7 J uly 1930, And His Beloved, His
Wife, Jean Conan Doyle ..."
20.
^ Stashower 5259. 21.
^ UK CPI inflation numbers based on data available
from Gregory Clark (2013), "What Were the British
Earnings and Prices Then? (New Series)
(http://www.measuringworth.org/ukearncpi/)"
MeasuringWorth.
22.
^ Stashower 55, 5859. 23.
^ Saunders, Emma (6 J une 2011). "First Conan Doyle
novel to be published" (http://www.bbc.co.uk
/news/entertainment-arts-13667508). BBC. Archived
(http://web.archive.org/web/20110607112947/http:
//www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-13667508)
from the original on 7 J une 2011. Retrieved 6 J une
2011.
24.
^ Independent, 7 August 2006
(http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment
/theatre-dance/reviews/conan-doyle-and-joseph-
bell-the-real-sherlock-holmes-surgeons-
hall-museums-edinburgh-410821.html).
25.
^ Letter from R L Stevenson to Doyle 5 April 1893
The Letters of Robert Louis Stevenson Volume
2/Chapter XII.
26.
^ Sova, Dawn B. Edgar Allan Poe: A to Z. New
York: Checkmark Books, 2001. pp. 162163. ISBN
0-8160-4161-X.
27.
^ City of Westminster green plaques
(http://www.westminster.gov.uk/services
/leisureandculture/greenplaques); accessed 22 March
2014.
28.
^ "Jane Annie J .M. Barrie and Doyle's Libretto
Rather Puzzles London" (http://query.nytimes.com
/gst/abstract.html?res=9E0CE3DD103BEF33A2575B
C2A9639C94629ED7CF), The New York Times, 28
May 1893, p. 13
29.
^ J uson, Dave; Bull, David (2001). Full-Time at The
Dell. Hagiology. p. 21. ISBN 0-9534474-2-1.
30.
^ "London County v Marylebone Cricket Club at
Crystal Palace Park, 2325 Aug 1900"
(http://static.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1900S
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Arthur Conan Doyle Online Exhibition (http://www.westminsteronline.org/conandoyle/index.html)
Conan Doyle in Birmingham (http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/doyle)
The Arthur Conan Doyle Society (http://www.ash-tree.bc.ca/acds%20details.htm)
Archival material relating to Arthur Conan Doyle (http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/nra/searches
/subjectView.asp?ID=P8431) listed at the UK National Archives
Works by Arthur Conan Doyle (http://www.gutenberg.org/author/Arthur_Conan_Doyle) at Project
Gutenberg
Works by Arthur Conan Doyle (http://librivox.org/search?q=Arthur+Conan+Doyle&
search_form=advanced) at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
Works by or about Arthur Conan Doyle (http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n79-82292) in libraries
(WorldCat catalog)
Works at Project Gutenberg Australia (http://www.gutenberg.net.au/pages/doyle.html)
Online works available from The University of Adelaide Library (http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/d/doyle
/arthur_conan/)
Works of Arthur Conan Doyle available as freely downloadable eBooks at University of Virginia EText
Center (http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/ebooks/Dlist.html)
Arthur Conan Doyle (http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?Arthur_Conan_Doyle) at the Internet
Speculative Fiction Database
Arthur Conan Doyle (1927) (Fox newsreal interview) (https://archive.org/details
/SirArthurConanDoyleSpeaks_272) is available for free download at the Internet Archive [more]
Arthur Conan Doyle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle
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C. Frederick Kittle's Collection of Doyleana (http://www.newberry.org/collections/FindingAids
/kittledoyle/KittleDoyle.html) at the Newberry Library
DOYLE, Sir Arthur Conan, Knt. Cr. 1902 - The county families of the United Kingdom or Royal
manual of the titled and untitled aristocracy of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland, (Volume ed.59,
yr.1919) (page 109 of 415) - Edward Walford (http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/edward-walford
/the-county-families-of-the-united-kingdom-or-royal-manual-of-the-titled-and-un-fla/page-109-the-
county-families-of-the-united-kingdom-or-royal-manual-of-the-titled-and-un-fla.shtml)
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Conan_Doyle&oldid=615221048"
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