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There it is Presented the Three Selected
Technologies for Mix Municipal Solid Waste
Treatment at Mechanical Biological or
Biological Mechanical Treatment Plants
EcoForce Baltic Ltd
P.Lukio g. 7
LT- 08221 Vilnius, Lithuania
Tel./fax. +370 5 21 02 178
Mobil. tel. +370 687 76633
El. patas ecoforce@zebra.lt

2 2
EcoForce Baltic Ltd
Atlieku
tvarkymo
konsultantai, UAB


Biastra plius, UAB
Copyright, Alfonsas Brazas, 2010
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Composition of Municipal Wastes in West Europe
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Forecasted Composition of Municipal Wastes in Belarus
Forecasted Composition of Solid Municipal Wastes Generated in
Belarus:
Organic wastes - food/kitchen wastes (~40 %) + green wastes (~4%) - total ~ 44%
Paper/cardboard wastes ~ 15%
Plastics wastes ~ 10%
Glass wastes~ 7%
Metal wastes (Fe and Non-Fe)~ 4%
Other combustible wastes (wood, textiles, rubble and etc.) ~ 5%
Other non-combustible (inert wastes sand, gravel, stones, ceramics and etc.) ~15%

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Municipal Solid Waste Processing Options
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Composting of Individual Houses Biowastes
Composting Bins
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Separate collection
Separate collection is a key element of modern waste management
Separately should be collected (as much as possible):
Dry recyclables (paper/cardboard, plastics, glass, metals)
Biowastes - green wastes and kitchen/food wastes
Hazardous household wastes
EEEW electric and electronic equipment wastes
Bulky wastes (including used tyres)
Construction and demolition wastes
Separately collected wastes usually are finally sorted at Materials
Recovery Facility (MRF).
MRF have installed manual or mechanical sorting lines.
Separatelly collected putrescibles (organic biowastes) usually are
anaerobicaly digested producing biogas and composting
digestate or only composted - finally producing high quality
compost.
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Remaining (after separate collection) mix MSW treatment
Experience show that it is possible and economically feasible to
collect separately up to 40% of generated amount of municipal
wastes.

Remaining mix MSW > 60% and more (usually ~70%) should
be incinerated (after mechanical pre-treatment or without it)
or treated mechanically biologically (separating inert
materials, recyclables, dry calorific fraction (further producing
RDF refuse delivered fuel) and organic fraction (further bio-
drying or composting or anaerobically digesting it).
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Composition of remaining (after separate collection of recyclables) mix MSW
The average percentage of recyclables (paper/cardboard, plastics, glass,
metals) in mix MSW is about 35 %
Implementing intensive separate collection schemes usually there are
collected about (a half) of recyclables generated
Forecasted composition of mix MSW after implementing of intensive
separate collection schemes for recyclables:
Organic wastes - food/kitchen wastes (~45 %) + green wastes (~5%) - total ~ 50%
Paper/cardboard wastes <10%
Plastics wastes <6%
Glass wastes <4%
Metal wastes (Fe and Non-Fe) <3%
Other combustible wastes (wood, textiles, rubble and etc.) ~ 9%
Other non-combustible (inert wastes sand, gravel, stones, ceramics and etc.) ~18%
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Mechanical Biological Treatment Options
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BMT- Biological Mechanical Treatment or
MBT Mechanical Biological Treatment
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35% - Separate Collection and Treatment
65% - Biological (Bio-drying) Mechanical Treatment (BMT)
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BMT- Biological Mechanical Treatment
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1
st
Selected Technology BMT (Biological Mechanical Treatment)
Bio-drying + Manual/Mechanical/Automatic Sorting
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1
st
Selected Technology - BMT
Bio-drying + Manual/Mechanical/Automatic Sorting
Companies technology suppliers:
Lehmann Machinenbau GmbH
Wright Tech Systems Inc.
Ecodeco S.r.l.
Kelog Umwelttechnik GmbH & Co KG
Herhof GmbH
Masias Recycling SL
EuRec Technology GmbH
Other?
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1
st
Selected Technology
LEHMANN Maschinenbau GmbH BMT plant
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LEHMANN Maschinenbau GmbH BMT plant
LEHMANN Maschinenbau GmbH BMT plant for 65 000 tones/year
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LEHMANN Maschinenbau GmbH BMT plant for 65 000 tones/year
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LEHMANN Maschinenbau GmbH BMT plants
This is the cheapest mix municipal solid waste treatment option.
For example, BMT plant capable to treat ~ 65 000 tones of MSW per year,
with manual sorting line will cost < 4 million Euro.
BMT with mechanical-automatic sorting line, working in 2 shifts and capable
to treat 100130 thousand tones of MSW per year will cost < 10 million
Euro.
Gate fee would be about 3040 Euro/tone, to be subject to market
prices fluctuations for RDF/SRF and recyclables.

Remark:
RDF Refuse Derived Fuel
SRF Solid Recovered Fuel
LEHMANN Maschinenbau GmbH BMT plants variations
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1
st
Selected Technology Option MBT
(Mechanical - Biological Treatment)
Mechanical separation/sorting + Bio-drying +
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Mechanical Biological (Bio-drying) Mechanical Treatment
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35% - Separate Collection and Treatment
65% - Mechanical - Biological Treatment (MBT)
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2
nd
Selected Technology MBT
Mechanical + Biological (Dry Anaerobic Digestion) Treatment
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Mechanical separation + manual/mechanical/automatic sorting
Companies technology lines/equipment suppliers:
Eggersman Anlagenbau GmbH
MF Emmen B.V.
HORSTMANN budowa Urzadzen i Technika Ekologiczna Sp. zo.o.
SUTCO (Sutco Polska Sp. Zo.o, company of Ludden & Mennekes group)
Vecoplan Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG
AMB Anlagen Maschinen Bau GmbH
Bollegraaf Recycling Machinery B.V.
MASIAS recycling SL
Komptech GmbH
Promeco S.r.l.
EuRec Technology GmbH
Lindner- Recyclingtech GmbH
And a number of others
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Mechanical separation + manual/mechanical/automatic sorting
Companies shredders suppliers:
M&J Industries A/S (company of Metso Group)
UNTHA Anton Unterwurzacher Maschinenbau GmbH
Vecoplan Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG
Lindner- Recyclingtech GmbH
Komptech GmbH
A number of others


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Mechanical separation + manual/mechanical/automatic sorting
Companies balistic separators suppliers:
KOMPTECH GmbH
LINDNER Recyclingtech GmbH
MASIAS recycling SL
IFE Aufbereiungstechnik GmbH
Hartner Maschinenbau GmbH
Companies wind shifters suppliers:
NIHOT Recycling Technology B.V.
Komptech GmbH
SUTKO- Polska Sp.zo.o

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Mechanical separation + manual/mechanical/automatic sorting
Companies Fe-metals Magnets and Non-Fe-metals Edy
Currents Suppliers:
STEINERT Elektromagnetbau GmbH
IFE Aufbereiungstechnik GmbH
A number of others
Companies Optical (sensor based) Sorting and Separation
Systems Suppliers:
RTT Systemtechnik GmbH
TiTech AS
S+S Separating and Sorting Technology GmbH
Exsor EMCAM Sorting Technologies
Steinert Elektromagnetbau GmbH

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2
nd
Selected Technology MBT
Biological Treatment - Dry Anaerobic Digestion
The Key Technology in MBT scheme is Dry
Anaerobic Digestion Technology.
There are listed the companies Dry AD technology
suppliers:
KOMPOFerm (Eggersmann Anlagenbau GmbH)
AIKAN (Solum Group)
BEKON Holding AG
BIOFerm GmbH (Viessman Group)
LOOCK Biogassysteme GmbH
BAL Biogasanlagenbau Langenau GmbH

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2
nd
Selected Technology MBT (Mechanical Biological Treatment)
Biological Treatment = Dry Anaerobic Digestion + Bio-drying
Shredding + Mechanical Separation +
Mechanical/Automatic Sorting of Dry Fraction
Dry Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Fraction
Bio-drying of Digestate
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2
nd
Selected Technology MBT (Mechanical Biological Treatment)
Biological Treatment = Dry Anaerobic Digestion + Bio-drying
Selected companies
Mechanical separation/sorting:
Eggersman Anlagenbau GmbH
MF Emmen B.V.
HORSTMANN budowa Urzadzen i Technika Ekologiczna Sp. zo.o.
SUTCO (Sutco Polska Sp. Zo.o, company of Ludden & Mennekes group)
Dry anaerobic digestion:
KOMPOFerm (Eggersmann Anlagenbau GmbH)
AIKAN (Solum Group)
BIOFerm GmbH (Viessman Group)
BEKON Holding AG
Bio-drying:
Lehmann Machinenbau GmbH
Wright Tech Systems Inc.
Ecodeco S.r.l.

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2
nd
Selected Technology MBT (Mechanical Biological Treatment)
Biological Treatment = Dry Anaerobic Digestion + Bio-drying
This is quit cheap and most perspective mix municipal solid waste
treatment option.

Mechanical-automatic sorting line, working in 2 shifts and capable
to treat 100150 thousand tones of MSW per year will cost ~ 57 million
Euro.
Dry anaerobic digestion plant capable to treat 5060 thousand tones of
organic waste will cost ~ 68 million Euro.
Bio-drying plant capable to treat 4560 thousand tones of digestate will cost ~ 3
million Euro.
Fully completed MBT plant capable to treat ~125 thousand tones of mix MSW per
year will cost 1215 million Euro.

Gate fee would be about 4050 Euro/tone, to be subject to market
prices fluctuations for RDF/SRF and recyclables.

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3
rd
Selected Technology MBT (Mechanical Biological Treatment)
Biological Treatment = Wet Anaerobic Digestion + Bio-drying
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3
rd
Selected Technology MBT (Mechanical Biological Treatment)
Biological Treatment = Wet Anaerobic Digestion + Bio-drying
Mechanical separation and sorting technologies/equipment
suppliers the same as for previous technology
Wet anaerobical digestion technologies and equipment
suppliers:
Wehrle Umwelt GmbH
Global Renewables UK Ltd
BTA International GmbH
Promeco S.r.l.
Strabag SE
Ros Roca International SL
Haase Energietechnik AG
Valorga International S.A.S.
Purac (Lackeby Water Group)
Arrow Ecology and Engineering Overseas Ltd
SchuBio AG

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3
rd
Selected Technology MBT Option with Biopercolator
Biological Treatment = Wet Anaerobic Digestion + Bio-drying
There are only 2 companies supplying MBT
technology with Biopercolation process and wet
anaerobical digestion of slurry produced during
biopercolation process:
Wehrle Umwelt GmbH
Global Renewables UK Ltd
We recommend Wehrle Umwelt GmbH which is better
known for us.

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Biopercolators Inside and Outside
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3
rd
Selected Technology MBT Option with Biopercolator
Biological Treatment = Wet Anaerobic Digestion + Bio-drying
Unfortunately the investment either
operational/maintenance cost are too high:
Investment cost for fully completed mechanical biological
treatment plant capabile to treat > 100 thousand tones of
mix MSW per year are 3040 million Euro
For comparision, similar MBT plant with dry anaerobic
digestion will cost only 1215 million Euro.
Operational cost are > 50 Euro/tone
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3
rd
Selected Technology MBT Option with Hydro-pulper
Biological Treatment = Wet Anaerobic Digestion + Bio-drying
There are a number of companies supplying MBT technology
with Hydropulping process and wet anaerobical digestion of
slurry produced during hydropulping process:
BTA International GmbH
Promeco S.r.l.
Strabag SE
Ros Roca International SL
Haase Energietechnik AG
Valorga International S.A.S.
Arrow Ecology and Engineering Overseas Ltd
SchuBio AG
We recommend BTA International GmbH which is the best known wet
anaerobical digestion technology supplier in the world.
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BTA Hydro-pulper and grit removal
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3
rd
Selected Technology MBT Option with Hydro-pulper
Biological Treatment = Wet Anaerobic Digestion + Bio-drying
Unfortunately the investment either
operational/maintenance cost are too high:
Investment cost only for wet anaerobic digestion plant
capable to treat 4050 thousand tones of organic waste per
year is 1520 million Euro.
Fully completed mechanical biological treatment plant
capabile to treat > 100 thousand tones of mix MSW per
year cost 2530 million Euro
For comparision, similar MBT plant with dry anaerobic
digestion will cost only 1215 million Euro.
Operational cost are > 5075 Euro/tone
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SUMMARY
The BMT (biological mechanical treatment) or MBT
(mechanical biological treatment) technology with bio-
drying process targeted to produce fuel (SRF/RDF) is the
cheapest one (both investment and operational).
The bio-drying process can be replaced by composting
process only in the case if organic fraction isnt very poluted
by heavy metals (if the potential quality of compost is
satisfactory)
The MBT (mechanical biological treatment) technology
with dry AD and digestate bio-drying is the most optimal and
perspective (higher energy cost lower gate fee)
The MBT (mechanical biological treatment) technology
both with bio-percolation process or hydro-pulping process
is too expensive (it can be used only if energy prices are very
high)
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MeWa Recycling Anlagen GmbH
Bio-QZ equipment increasing biogas yield
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MeWa Recycling Anlagen GmbH
Bio-QZ equipment increasing biogas yield
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Composting of Biowastes
Composting Technologies:
Composting Bins (for Individual Houses)
Open Windrows
Aerated Windrows with Gore Membrane
LDPE AG-Bag Eco-PAD
Composting Containers (EnviCont, SV Composter, Kneer-
Horstmann, Clarocompost, Hot Rot, Rocket, BioCoTech,
Biosal and others)
Vertical In-vessel Composting Units
Light Constructions Composting Tunnels (Biodegma type)
Composting Tunnels
Composting channels and baths (basins)

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Open Windrows, Aerated Windrows covered by Gore Membrane
and LDPE AG-Bag Eco-PAD
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Composting Containers
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Vertical In-vessel Units
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Composting Tunnels
Germs
Spores
Aeration pipes
with ventilation
Odours
Water
vapour
Semi-permeable
laminate
Organic
material
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Composting basins (baths)

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