Glossary

Siemens
Glossary
AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone Service):
Developed by AT&Ts Bell Laboratories in the1970s and frst used in
the US in 19!" The A#$S Standard has been the %oundation %or the
industry in the United States"
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access):
&no'n in the US as (S)9*+ a spread spe,tru- approa,h to di.ital
trans-ission" /ith 0D#A+ ea,h ,onversation is di.iti1ed and then
ta..ed 'ith a ,ode" The -obile phone is then instru,ted to de,ipher
only a parti,ular ,ode to plu,2 the ri.ht ,onversation o3 the air" (t has
a 1"4*#h1 spread spe,tru- air inter%a,e+ uses the sa-e %re5uen,y
bands as A#$S and supports A#$S operation+ e-ployin. spread)
spe,tru- te,hnolo.y and a spe,ial ,odin. s,he-e" (t 'as adopted by
the Tele,o--uni,ations (ndustry Asso,iation 6T(A7 in 199!"
DA#$S 6Di.ital A#$S78 The se,ond .eneration o% the A#$S standard"
9D#A 69re5uen,y Division #ultiple A,,ess78 9D#A is the division o% the
%re5uen,y band allo,ated %or 'ireless ,ellular ,o--uni,ation into !0
&:1 ,hannels+ ea,h o% 'hi,h ,an ,arry a t'o 'ay voi,e ,onversation"
9D#A is the basi, te,hnolo.y used in A#$S+ the -ost 'idely installed
,ellular phone syste- in ;orth A-eri,a" /ith 9D#A+ ea,h ,hannel ,an
be assi.ned to only one user at a ti-e"
EDGE (Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution):
The ne<t .eneration o% data headin. to'ards third .eneration and
personal -ulti-edia environ-ents" (t builds on =$>S and is a
te,hni5ue to in,rease the -a<i-u- data ,apa,ity o% =S# radio
,hannels" (t 'ill allo' =S# operators to use e<istin. =S# radio bands
to o3er 'ireless -ulti-edia ($)based servi,es and appli,ations at
theoreti,al -a<i-u- speeds o% !? 2bps 'ith a bit)rate o% ? 2bps per
ti-eslot and up to @9"4 2bps per ti-eslot in .ood radio ,onditions"
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service):
A =S# data trans-ission te,hni5ue that does not set up a ,ontinuous
,hannel %ro- a portable ter-inal %or the trans-ission and re,eption o%
data+ but trans-its and re,eives data in pa,2ets+ 'ith users only
payin. %or the volu-e o% data sent and re,eived"
GPS (Global Positionin S!ste"):
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Siemens
Glossary
A satellite navi.ation syste-+ ,onsistin. o% 4? .eosyn,hronous
satellites" Used in personal tra,2in.+ navi.ation and auto-ati, vehi,le
lo,ation te,hnolo.ies"
GSM (Global S!ste" for Mobile co""unications):
A di.ital ,ellular or $0S net'or2 used throu.hout the 'orld" Developed
by ATS( in Aurope" ;A#$S 6;arro'band A#$S78 ;A#$S ,o-bines
,ellular voi,e pro,essin. 'ith di.ital si.nalin. to in,rease the ,apa,ity
and %un,tionality o% A#$S syste-s"
PCS (Personal Co""unications Services):
A t'o)'ay+ 1900 #:1 di.ital voi,e+ -essa.in. and data servi,e
desi.ned as the se,ond .eneration o% ,ellular"
#DMA (#i"e Division Multiple Access):
A -ethod o% di.ital 'ireless ,o--uni,ations trans-ission allo'in. a
lar.e nu-ber o% users to a,,ess 6in se5uen,e7 a sin.le radio %re5uen,y
,hannel 'ithout inter%eren,e by allo,atin. uni5ue ti-e slots to ea,h
user 'ithin ea,h ,hannel
$M#S ($niversal Mobile #eleco""unications S!ste"):
AuropeBs approa,h to standardi1ation %or third).eneration ,ellular
syste-s+ it 'ill be based on /)0D#A" U#TS 'ill o3er a 'ide ran.e o%
voi,e+ data and -ulti-edia servi,es 'ith data rates %ro- 11? &bps to 4
#bps+ dependin. on 'hether the user is stationary or in -otion"
%&CDMA (%ideband Code Division Multiple Access):
The Auropean third .eneration 'ireless standard" The 'ideband
represents the in,rease o% the %re5uen,y band to * #:1+ in ,o-parison
to the 1"4* #:1 band used in ,onventional 0D#A 6also 2no'n as
,d-aCne7"
AuC (Authentication Center):
The ,o-ponent o% a =S# net'or2 that authenti,ates subs,riber and
-obile e5uip-ent identities" Baseband8 The si.nalin. o% a di.ital or
analo. si.nal at its ori.inal %re5uen,ies+ i"e" not ,han.ed by
-odulation"
'SC ('ase Station Controller):
The ,o-ponent o% a =S# syste- that ,ontrols a .roup o% base stations
and a,ts as a node %or ,onne,tin. base stations to the -obile
s'it,hin. ,enter"
'SS ('ase Station Subs!ste"):
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Glossary
Siemens
The ,o-bination o% BS0s and base stations that to.ether provide the
radio %un,tionality in a -obile syste-"
Cell:
The basi, .eo.raphi, unit o% a ,ellular syste-" Also+ the basis %or the
.eneri, industry ter- D,ellularD" The -obile net'or2s .eo.raphi, area
is divided into s-aller E,ellsF+ ea,h o% 'hi,h is e5uipped 'ith a lo')
po'ered radio trans-itterGre,eiver" The ,ells ,an vary in si1e
dependin. upon terrain and ,apa,ity de-ands" By ,ontrollin. the
trans-ission po'er+ the radio %re5uen,ies assi.ned to one ,ell ,an be
li-ited to the boundaries o% that ,ell"
Cell Site:
The ,entral radio trans-itterGre,eiver that -aintains ,o--uni,ations
'ith -obile phones 'ithin a .ive ran.e" Also ,alled a Base Station"
Diversit!:
The use o% -ultiple antennas to re,eive or trans-it the sa-e si.nal+ so
that i% one o% the antennas pi,2s up a 'ea2 si.nal+ another antenna
should have a stron. si.nal"
Do(nlink:
The trans-ission o% radio si.nals %ro- the Base Station to the -obile
handset"
E)R (E*uip"ent )dentit! Reister):
The ,o-ponent o% a =S# syste- that retains in%or-ation about the
identity o% e5uip-ent su,h -obile phones" Assists net'or2 operator in
dis,overin. stolen -obile phones and blo,2in. the- %ro- usin. the
net'or2"
+adin:
A redu,tion in si.nal stren.th in a radio si.nal" 9adin. is usually ,aused
by reHe,ted 'aves %ro- the trans-itter havin. di3erent phases %ro-
the -ain si.nal path"
GMSC (Gate(a! Mobile S(itchin Center):
The ,o-ponent o% a =S# net'or2+ 'hi,h provides a point o%
,onne,tion bet'een the =S# net'or2 and the $ST;"
,ando-:
The pro,ess o% trans%errin. a -obile phone ,onversation %ro- one ,ell
site to another as a user ,rosses ,ell areas durin. the ,onversation"
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Siemens
Glossary
,.R (,o"e .ocation Reister):
The ,o-ponent o% a =S# net'or2 responsible %or -aintainin. the
lo,ation o% a -obile"
)ME) ()nternational Mobile E*uip"ent )dentit!):
The uni5ue serial nu-ber .iven to ea,h phone+ to help in tra,2in.
stolen -obile phones"
)MS) ()nternational Mobile Subscriber )dentit!):
A uni5ue nu-ber used in =S# syste-s to identi%y individual
subs,ribers"
MA,/ (Mobile Assisted ,ando-):
Si-ilar to a basi, hando3+ e<,ept that the -obile also helps in fndin.
a suitable base station to hando3 into by providin. the net'or2 'ith
-easure-ents indi,atin. 'hi,h base station provides the lar.est
si.nal stren.th"
Modulation:
(n%or-ation on a ,arrier si.nal -odulated by varyin. one or -ore o%
the si.nalBs basi, ,hara,teristi,s ) %re5uen,y+ a-plitude and phase"
Di3erent -odulation ,arries the in%or-ation as the ,han.e %ro- the
i--ediately pre,edin. state rather than the absolute state"
MS (Mobile Station):
Another na-e %or a ,ellular -obile phone"
MSC (Mobile S(itchin Center):
The s'it,h in a =S# net'or2+ 'hi,h ,onne,ts ,alls %ro- the =#S0 to
the parti,ular base station in 'hi,h the -obile phone is ,urrently
lo,ated" The #S0 also -ana.es ,all handovers"
M#S/ (Mobile #elephone S(itchin /0ce):
The ,entral ,o-puter that ,onne,ts a 'ireless phone ,all to the publi,
telephone net'or2" The #TSC ,ontrols the entire syste-s operations+
in,ludin. -onitorin. ,alls+ billin. and hando3s"
P/#S (Plain /ld #elephone Service):
Standard household phone servi,e" $ST; 6$ubli, S'it,hed Telephone
;et'or278 The 'orld'ide telephone net'or2 'hi,h allo's people to ,all
any'here in the 'orld" The $ST; -ainly ,onsists o% ,opper ,ables and
s'it,hes"
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Glossary
Siemens
Roa"in:
>oa-in. allo's a user to operate their -obile phone in another
,ountries net'or2"
The users net'or2 -a2es a.ree-ents 'ith other net'or2s 'orld'ide
to allo' this to happen"
S"art antenna:
An antenna syste- 'ith te,hnolo.y that enables it to %o,us its bea-
on a desired si.nal to redu,e inter%eren,e" A 'ireless net'or2 'ould
e-ploy s-art antennas at its base stations in an e3ort to redu,e the
nu-ber o% dropped ,alls+ i-prove ,all 5uality and i-prove ,hannel
,apa,ity"
Soft hando-:
$ro,edure in 'hi,h t'o base stations+ one in the ,ell site 'here the
phone is lo,ated and the other in the ,ell site to 'hi,h the
,onversation is bein. passed+ both hold onto the ,all until the hando3
is ,o-pleted" The frst ,ell site does not ,ut o3 the ,onversation until it
re,eives in%or-ation that the se,ond is -aintainin. the ,all" This
redu,es the probability o% the ,all bein. blo,2ed"
$plink:
The trans-ission o% radio si.nals %ro- the -obile handset to the Base
Station"
1.R (1isitor .ocation reister):
The ,o-ponent o% a =S# net'or2 'hi,h 2eeps tra,2 o% a -obile
phones position to the nearest lo,ation area"
%alsh codes:
A %a-ily o% ortho.onal ,odes o%ten pre%erred %or 0D#A trans-ission"
%.. %ireless .ocal .oop:
The use o% radio to repla,e ,opper 'irin. as a -eans o% ,onne,tin. the
ho-e to the $ST;"
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Siemens
Glossary
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