Although / though /even though | In spite of / despite | Because / because of

A. Xt tnh hung sau:

Last year Jack and Jill spent their holidays by sea. It rained a lot but they enjoyed themselves.
Nm ngoi Jack v Jill i ngh mt bin. Tri ma nhiu nhng h rt th!ch th".
Although it rained a lot they enjoyed themselves. !" It rained a lot but they...#
#$c %& tri ma nhiu nhng h v'n rt vui th!ch.
ho$c:
In spite of the rain they enjoyed themselves. % Despite the rain they enjoyed
themselves.

B. &au although ta d'ng c(u tr)c ch ng + ng t.
Although it rained a lot *e enjoyed our holiday.
(& tri ma lu)n* ch"ng t)i v'n rt vui trong k+ ngh.
I didn+t get the job although I had all the necessary ,uali-cations.
T)i kh)ng ,in -c c)ng vi.c / %& t)i c/ 0 nng l1c.

&o s.nh / ngh0a c1a although v2 because:
3e *ent out although it *as raining.
2h"ng t)i 3 ra ngoi %& tri ang ma.
3e didn+t go out because it *as raining.
2h"ng t)i 3 kh)ng ra ngoi v4 tri ang ma.

. &au in spite of hay despite ta d'ng m4t danh t m4t !i t !this%that%*hat .v.v.# ho$c "#ing:
In spite of the rain *e enjoyed our holiday.
5t k tri ma* ch"ng t)i v'n vui trn k+ ngh.
I didn+t get the job in spite of having all the neessary ,uali-cations.
T)i kh)ng ki6m -c vi.c %'u t)i c/ 0 nng l1c.
&he *asn+t *ell but in spite of this she *ent to *ork.
2) 7 kh)ng -c kh89* nhng %'u v:7 c) 7 v'n i lm.
In spite of *hat I said yesterday I still love you.
5t ch; nh<ng g4 h)m =ua anh 3 n/i* anh v'n 7>u 9m.
Despite l2 hnh th5c t67ng 867ng c1a in spite of. L6u /: 9h:ng c; gi<i t= of 8i v<i despite.
&he *asn+t *ell but despite she *ent to *ork. !kh:ng n;i >despite o? this>#
@; thA n;i Bin spite o? the ?act !that# ...C v2 Bdespite the ?act!that#...C
I didn+t get the job in spite of the fact !that# % despite the fact !that# I had the necessary
,uali-cations.

&o s.nh in spite of v2 because of:
3e *ent out inspite of the rain. !hay ...despite the rain#
3e didn>t go out because of the rain.

D. &o s.nh although v2 in spite of % despite:
Although the traDc *as bad I arrived on time.
In spite of the traDc I arrived on time. !kh:ng n;i >in spite o? the traDc *as bad>#
#$c %& giao th)ng t?i t.* t)i v'n 6n "ng gi.
I couldn+t sleep although I *as very tired. !kh:ng n;i >despite I *as tired>#
I couldn+t sleep despite being very tired.

$. %hough th6Eng 86Fc sG dHng h7n although:
I didn+t get the job though I had all the necessary ,uali-cations.

Irong Jnh ngK 82m thoLi though th6Eng 85ng cui cMu:
Ihe house isn+t very nice. I like the garden though !" but I like the garden#
Ng)i nh kh)ng @; lAm. Tu7 nhi>n t)i th!ch mBnh vn.
I see him every day. I+ve never spoken to him though. !" but I>ve never spoken to him#
T)i tr)ng th7 anh ta hng ng7. Tu7 v:7 t)i cha bao gi n/i chu7.n vCi anh ta.

$ven though !even N though# mang ngh0a mLnh h7n although:
$ven though I *as really tired I couldn+t sleep. !kh:ng n;i >Oven I *as really tired...>#
2ho %'u t)i th:t D1 m.t m8i* t)i 3 kh)ng th ng0 -c.
&. B$A'($ )& / I* (+I%$ )&
a. Pecause o?:
Q
Because of l2 cHm t= 86Fc sG dHng 8A nRu l/ do. &au because of l2 m4t danh t= % cHm danh t= %
cHm danh 84ng t=S !noun % noun phrase % gerund phrase % pronoun#
Jan *as *orried because o? the rain. !Jan lo D- v4 tri ma#
3e are late because o? getting up late. !2h"ng t)i bE muFn v4 thGc %:7 tr#
Ihey are here because o? us. !H 6n I7 v4 ch"ng ta#
L6u / khi sG dHng because. &au because phTi l2 m4t clause !& N U#.
3e are late because *e get up late.
3e arrived late because o? there is a traDc jam. !2h"ng t)i 6n muFn v4 k@t ,9#
Because of c; thA thay thV bWng due to v<i ngh0a v2 c(u tr)c t67ng tX.
b. In spite o?:
In spite of l2 m4t gi<i t= 8A diAn 8Lt / t67ng phTn. &au in spite of l2 m4t danh t= % cHm danh
t=S !noun % noun phrase % gerund phrase#
3e *ent out in spite o? the rain. !2h"ng t)i ra ngoi m$c %& tri ma#
Ye *ent on *orking in spite o? ?eeling un*ell.
!Jng 7 ti6; tKc lm vi.c %& cBm th7 kh)ng khoL#
L6u / hnh th5c diAn 8Lt t67ng tX v<i although + clause.
3e *ent out although it *as raining.
Ye *ent on *orking although he ?elt un*ell.
In spite of c; thA thay thV bWng despite v<i ngh0a v2 c(u tr)c t67ng tX.
Z
S + V
BECAUSE +
THERE + V + S
NOUN
. BECAUSE OF +
NOUN PHRASE
despite
+ Noun / noun phrase
in spite o