Phys Databooklet

n
INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE ORGANIZATION

PHYSICS DATA BOOKLET

November 2002

To be used in the teaching and examination of
IB Diploma Programme physics

Valid for examination sessions from May 2003

Physics Data Booklet

First published August 2001
Reprinted November 2002

International Baccalaureate Organization 2001, 2002

Organisation du Baccalaurat International
Route des Morillons 15
Grand-Saconnex / Genve
CH-1218
SWITZERLAND

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002
1
Fundamental Constants

Quantity Symbol Approximate Value

Acceleration due to gravity
(Earths surface)
g
2
9.81 m s

Gravitational constant
G
11 2 2
6.67 10 N m kg

Avogadros constant
N
A

23 1
6.02 10 mol

Gas constant
R
1 1
8.31 J K mol

Boltzmanns constant
k
23 1
1.38 10 J K

StefanBoltzmann constant
8 2 4
5.67 10 W m K

Coulomb constant
k
9 2 2
8.99 10 N m C

Permittivity of free space
0

12 2 1 2
8.85 10 C N m

Permeability of free space
0

7 1
4 10 T m A

Speed of light in vacuum
c
8 1
3.00 10 m s

Plancks constant
h
34
6.63 10 J s

Charge on electron
e
19
1.60 10 C

Electron rest mass
m
e

31 2
9.11 10 kg 0.000549 u 0.511 MeV c

= =

Proton rest mass
m
p

27 2
1.673 10 kg 1.007276 u 938 MeV c

= =

Neutron rest mass
m
n

27 2
1.675 10 kg 1.008665 u 940 MeV c

= =

Unified atomic mass unit
u
27 2
1.661 10 kg 931.5 MeV c

=

2
Metric (SI) Multipliers

Prefix Abbreviation Value
tera
giga
mega
kilo
hecto
deca
deci
centi
milli
micro
nano
pico
femto
T
G
M
k
h
da
d
c
m

n
p
f
10
12

10
9

10
6

10
3

10
2

10
1

10
-1

10
-2

10
-3

10
-6

10
-9

10
-12

10
-15

Unit Conversions

1 light year (ly) = 9.46 10
15
m
1 parsec (pc) = 3.26 ly
1 astronomical unit (AU) = 1.50 10
11
m
1 radian (rad) = 180/
1 kilowatt-hour (kW h) = 3.60 10
6
J
1 atm = 1.01 10
5
N m
-2
= 101 kPa = 760 mm Hg
3
Electrical Circuit Symbols

cell

battery

lamp

ac supply

switch

ammeter

A

voltmeter

V

galvanometer

resistor

potentiometer

transformer

heating element

4
Equations
Core Additional Higher Level
Topic 1 Physics and physical
measurement

A
A
H
A
V

H
V
cos
sin
A A
A A

=
=

Topic 7 Measurement and
uncertainties
If y a b =
then y a b = +

If
ab
y
c
=
then
y a b c
y a b c

= + +
Topic 2 Mechanics

av
t
s
v
av
t
v
a

Topic 8 Mechanics

m
=
F
g
2
m
g G
r
=

5
Topic 2 Mechanics (continued)

v u at = +
2
u v
s t
+
=
2
1
2
s ut at = +
2 2
2 v u as = +

s : displacement
t : time
u : initial speed
v : final speed
a : acceleration

m = F a
m = p v
t
p
F
Impulse t m = = F v
cos W Fs =
2
1
2 k
E mv =
2
k
2
p
E
m
=
p
E mg h =
F kx =
2
1
2 elas
E kx =
work
power =
time
Fv =
2 2
2
4 v r
a
r T
= =

Topic 8 Mechanics (continued)

1 2
2
mm
F G
r
=
1 2
p
mm
E G
r
=
m
V G
r
=
2
3
constant
T
R
=
fr s N
F F
fr k N
F F =
sin Fr =
6
Topic 3 Thermal physics

F
p
A
=
Q mc T =
Q mL =
pV nRT =

Topic 9 Thermal physics

W p V =
Q U W = +
thermal energy transferred to the system Q + =
increase in internal energy of the system U + =
work done by the system W + =
h c
h
efficiency
Q Q
Q
=
c h
h c
(Carnot cycle)
Q Q
T T
=
h c
h
efficiency (Carnot cycle)
T T
T
=
Topic 4 Waves

1
f
T
=
v f =
1 1
2 2
sin
sin
v
v
=
1 1 2 2
sin sin n n =
c
n
v
=

Topic 10 Waves
s
moving source
1
1
f f
v
v

=

o
moving observer 1
v
f f
v

=

beat 1 2
f f f =
sin d n =
D
s
d
=

7
Topic 5 Electricity and
magnetism
1 2 1 2
2 2
0
1
4
q q q q
F k
r r
= =
q
=
F
E
2
q
E k
r
=
V
E
d
=
q
I
t

V
R
I
=
2
2
V
P VI I R
R
= = =
1 2
R R R = +
1 2
1 1 1
R R R
= +
sin F qvB =
sin F IlB =
0
2
I
B
r
=
0 0
NI
B nI
l
= =
0 1 2
2
F I I
l r
=

Topic 11 Electromagnetism

0
1
4
q q
V k
r r
= =
V
E
x

cos BA =
Bvl =
N
t

p p
s s
V N
V N
=
0
rms
2
I
I =
0
rms
2
V
V =

8
Topic 6 Atomic and nuclear
physics

2
E mc =

Topic 12 Quantum physics and
nuclear physics

E hf =
max
k
hf E = +
0 s
hf hf eV = +
h
p
=
0
e
t
N N

=
1
2
ln 2
T
=
9
Options Standard Level

Option A Mechanics extension

m
=
F
g
2
m
g G
r
=
1 2
2
mm
F G
r
=
1 2
p
mm
E G
r
=
m
V G
r
=
2
3
constant
T
R
=
fr s N
F F
fr k N
F F =
sin Fr =

Option B Quantum physics and nuclear physics

E hf =
max
k
hf E = +
0 s
hf hf eV = +
h
p
=
0
e
t
N N

=
1
2
ln 2
T
=

10
Options Standard Level

Option C Energy extension

W p V =
Q U W = +
thermal energy transferred to the system Q + =
increase in internal energy of the system U + =
work done by the system W + =
h c
h
efficiency
Q Q
Q
=
c h
h c
(Carnot cycle)
Q Q
T T
=
h c
h
efficiency (Carnot cycle)
T T
T
=
3
1
2
power = Av

11
Options Standard Level/Higher Level

Core (SL + HL)
Extension (HL only)
Option D Biomedical physics
12 2
0
0
10log where 10 W m
I
I
I

= =
0
e
x
I I

=
1
2
ln 2
x
=

load
Mechanical Advantage =
effort

distance moved by effort
Velocity Ratio =
distance moved by load

Absorbed Energy
Absorbed dose =
mass

total charge
Exposure =
mass

Dose equivalent = quality factor Absorbed dose

E B R
1 1 1
T T T
= +
Option E The history and
development of physics

Any formulas required will be found in the
core topics.

H 2 2
1 1 1
R
n m

=

2
h
x p

2
h
E t

Any other formulas required will be found in the
AHL topics.

12

Core (SL + HL)
Extension (HL only)
Option F Astrophysics
4
L AT =
3
max
2.90 10
(metres)
(kelvin) T
=
( )
( )
1
parsec
arc-second
d
p
=
2
4
L
b
d
=
H v d =

v
c

Option G Relativity
2
2
1
1
v
c
=

0
t t =
0
L
L
=
2
/
1
c
v u
v u
u
x
x
x
=

0
m m =
2
0 0
E m c =
2
E mc =

0
p m u =

2 2 2 2 4
0
E p c m c = +

2
f g h
f c

=

Sch 2
2GM
R
c
=

13

Core (SL + HL)
Extension (HL only)
Option H Optics
1 1 2 2
sin sin n n =
1
sin
c
n
=
1 1 1
f u v
= +
i
o
h v
m
h u
= =
i
o
M

=
b
=

1.22
b
=

sin d n =

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