What is pneumatic system

Pneumatics is a section of technology that deals with the study and application of pressurized
gas to produce mechanical motion. Pneumatic systems, that are uses extensively in industry,
and factories, are commonly plumbed with compressed air or compressed inert gases. This is because a
centrally located and electrically powered compressor, that powers cylinders and other pneumatic devices
through solenoid valves, can often provide motive power in a cheaper, safer, more flexible, and more
reliable way than a large number of electric motors and actuators.
Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatics


Application of pneumatic

Relay
A relay is a mechanical device that connects one circuit to another. It should be thought of as a switch.
Think of two electrical circuits that are joined via a relay. When current flows into the primary circuit from a
power source, that current causes another switch to be thrown (the relay) and power now flows into a
secondary circuit as well. However, this can be done in reverse, so that when power is no longer flowing
in the primary circuit it trips a relay, and power comes from a secondary circuit.

Read more: http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5646524_pneumatic-relay-works.html
Reference: http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5646524_pneumatic-relay-works.html

Pneumatic relay
Pneumatic relays are those which are attached to circuits that conduct compressed air rather than a flow
of electrons, however the principle is the same. The difference is that in these systems, when the
presence of compressed air is flowing through one circuit, the force of that energy opens up a switch and
begins to flow into a second circuit. In both of these varieties though, as well as in any other types of
relay, there needs to be a sensor present so that the switching can occur.

Read more : http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5646524_pneumatic-relay-works.html
Reference: http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5646524_pneumatic-relay-works.html

Relay is uses widely in pneumatic system to control the movement of the piston actuator. By
adjusting the electrical limit switch distances so that it touches the actuators piston and
connecting the relays to it, we can enable the actuator to operate continuously without the
needs of pushing the switch numerous times. The movement speed of the actuator are
constant and can be adjust using volume control valve hence this system are widely applied in
industries that needs to transfer materials from other materials handling device to another
such as rice mill and others.

How to slow down the actuator

Control valves are valves used to control conditions such as flow, pressure, temperature, and liquid level
by fully or partially opening or closing in response to signals received from controllers that compare a
"setpoint" to a "process variable" whose value is provided by sensors that monitor changes in such
conditions. Control Valve is also termed as the Final Control Element. The opening or closing of control
valves is usually done automatically by electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic actuators. Positioners are used
to control the opening or closing of the actuator based on electric, or pneumatic signals.
References: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_valves
The flow control valve is a fluid component that controls the rate of air flow. Flow control valves make it
possible to control other system variables like the speed of an actuator. By attaching the flow control
valve at the actuator, we can increase or decrease the volume of air passes through the valve into the
actuator enabling us to control the movement speed of the actuator.