Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field

Page # 1
manishkumarphysics.in
SOLVED EXAMPLES
34.1 Aproton is projected with a speed of 3 10
6
m/s horizontally from east to west. Auniform magnetic field
B

of strength 2.0 10
3
T exists in the vertically upward direction. (a) Find the force on the proton just after it is
projected. (b) What is the acceleration produced?
Sol.
B
F
v
W
N
E
S
(a) The situation is shown in figure. The force is perpendicular to
B

hence it is in the horizontal plane through

the proton. In this plane, it is perpendicular to the velocity v

. Thus, it is along the north-south line. The rule

for vector product shows that
B

is towards north. As the charge on the proton is positive, the force

B v q F

= is also towards north. The magnitude of the force is

F = qvB sin u
= (1.6 10
19
C) (3.0 10
6
m/s) (2.0 10
3
T)
= 9.6 10
16
N.
(b) The acceleration of the proton is
a =
m
F
=
kg 10 67 . 1
N 10 6 . 9
27
16

= 5.8 10
11
m/s
2
.
34.2 A particle having a charge of 100 C and a mass of 10 mg is projected in a uniform magnetic field of 25 mT
with a speed of 10 m/s. If the velocity is perpendicular to the magnetic field, how long will it take for the
particle to come back to its original position for the first time after being projected.
Sol. The particle moves along a circle and returns to its original position after completing the circle, that is after
one time period. The time period is
T =
qB
m 2t
=
) T 10 25 ( ) C 10 100 (
) kg 10 10 ( 2
3 6
9

t
= 25 a.
34.3 Figure shows a triangular loop PQR carrying a current i. The triangle is equilateral with edge-length l. A
uniform magnetic field B exists in a direction parallel to PQ. Find the forces acting on the three wire PQ, QR
and RP separately.
R
i i
i
P Q
B
Sol. The force on the wire PQ is
0 B Q iP F
1
= =

as the field
B

is parallel to
PQ
.
The force on QRis
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
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manishkumarphysics.in
0 B PQ i F
2
= =

or, F
2
= iB sin 120
= B i
2
3
.
From the rule of vector product, this force is perpendicular to the plane of the diagram and is going into it.
The force on RP is
B RP i F
3

=
or, F
3
= i B sin 120 =
2
3
iB.
Fromthe rule of vector product, this force is perpendicular to the plane of the diagramend is coming out of it.
34.4 Acurrent of 10.0 nAis established in a circular loop of radius 5.0 cm. Find the magnetic dipole moment of the
current loop.
Sol. The magnetic dipole moment is
A i

= .
Thus, = itr
3
= (10 10
9
A) (3.14) (5 10
2
m)
2
.
= 7.85 10
11
A -m
2
.
QUESTIONS FOR SHORT ANSWER
1. Suppose a charged particle moves with a velocityv near a wire carrying an electric current. Amagnetic force,
therefore, acts on it. If the same particle is seen from a frame moving with velocityv in the same direction, the
charge will be found at rest. Will the magnetic force become zero in this frame ? Will the magnetic field
become zero in this frame ?
2. Can a charged particle be accelerated by a magnetic field ? Can its speed be increased ?
3. Will a current loop placed in a magnetic field always experiment a zero force ?
4. The free electrons in a conducting wire are in constant thermal motion. If such a wire, carrying no current, is
placed in a magnetic field, is there a magnetic force on each free electron ? On the wire ?
5. Assume that the magnetic field is uniform in a cubical region and is zero outside. Can you project a charged
particle from outside into the field so that the particle describes a complete circle in the field ?
6. An electron beam projected along the positive Xaxis deflects along the positive Yaxis. If this deflection is
caused by a magnetic field, what is the direction of the field ? Can we conclude that the field is parallel to the
Zaxis ?
7. Is it possible for a current loop to stay without rotating in a uniformmagnetic field > If yes, what should be the
orientation of the loop ?
8. The net charge in a currentcarrying wire is zero. Then, why does a magnetic field exert a force on it ?
9. The torque on a current loop is zero if the angle between the positive normal and the magnetic field is either
u = 0 or u = 180. In which of the two orientations, the equilibrium is stable ?
10. Verify that the units weber and voltsecond are the same.
Objective - I
1. Apositively charged particle projected towards east os deflected towards north by a magnetic field. The field
may be -
(A) towards west (B) towards south (C) upward (D*) downward
+i ~i -i l- (+ i-i lzi- +i - -+i -i zi + +ii --i +i ~i l-i l- ti i-i t -i zi ti =+-i t -
(A) lz-n +i ~i (B) <l-ii +i ~i (C) - +i ~i (D*) -i- +i ~i
2. A charged particle is whirled in a horizontal circle on a frictionless table by attaching it to a string fixed at one
point. If a magnetic field is switched on in the vertical direction, the tension in the string.
(A) will increase (B) will decrease (C) will remain the same
(D*) may increase or decrease
(+ ~i lzi- +i = i i i i + :=+i (+ ii i lt- n -i l- -i n i nii i-i t . i i +i (+ l=i (+
l-< l-i t-i t l< -i i l<zii n - -+i -i zi ~ii l- l+i i . i i n --i -
RESONANCE 2
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
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(A) cni (B) +n tini (C) =ni- tni
(D*) ~li+ i +n ti =+-i t
3. Which of the following particles will describe the smallest circle when projected with the same velocity
perpendicular to a magnetic field ?
(A) electron (B) proton (C) He
+
(D*) Li
+
- -+i -i zi + n-- =ni- n = -i l- +- l--- n = +i -=i +i ~li+-n - -+i n (lnii n ) ~- i
+ ni -
(A) :n+i- (B) ii- (C) He
+
(D*) Li
+
4. Which of the following particles will have minimum frequency of revolution when projected with the same
velocity perpendicular to a magnetic field ?
(A*) electron (B) proton (C) He
+
(D) Li
+
- -+i -i zi + n-- =ni- n = -i l- +- +i-=i +i == zi -i nl- + ni -
(A*) :n+i- (B) ii- (C) He
+
(D) Li
+
5. Which of the following particles will have minimum frequency of revolution when projected with the same
velocity perpendicular to a magnetic field ?
(A) electron (B) proton (C) He
+
(D*) Li
+
- -+i -izi + n-- =ni- n = -i l- +- l--- n = +i -= +i +i l+ni ~i l-i ---n ti ni -
(A) :n+i- (B) ii- (C) He
+
(D*) Li
+
6. Acircular loop of area 1 cm
2
, carrying a current of 10 A, is placed in a magnetic field of 0.1 T perpendicular
to the plane of the loop. The torque on the loop due to the magnetic field is
1 = ni
2
-i zi+n ini -ii+i n . l=n 10Aiii ilt- ti ti t . 0.1 -ni -i -i + - -+i -i zi n ii t ~i t .
- -+i -i zi + +ii n n ~ii i t -
(A*) zero zi- (B) 10
-4
N-m (C) 10
2
N-m (D) 1 N-m
7. A beam consisting of protons and electrons moving at the same speed goes through a thin region in which
there is a magnetic field perpandicular to the beam. The protons and the electrons
(A) will go undeviated
(B) will be deviated by the same angle will not separate
(C*) will be deviated by different angles and hence separate
(D) will be deviated by the same angle but will separate.
=ni- -in = nl-ziin :n + i-i -ii i i -i +i (+ . (+ = +ii ( = -i zi = n -i t . ti - -+i -i zi +i l<zii
+ n-- t i i- -ii :n +i- -
(A) l-i l-i l- t( -n in
(B) =ni- +ii = l-i l- ti n -ii i+ -ti ti n
(C*) li--li-- +i ii = l-ln- ti n . ~- i+ ti i n
(D) =ni- +i i = l-i l- ti n . l+-- i+ ti i n
8. A charged particle moves in a uniform magnetic field. The velocity of the particle at some instant makes an
acute angle with the magnetic field. The path of the particle will be.
(A) a straight line (B) a circle
(C*) a helix with uniform pitch (D) a helix with nonuniform pitch.
(+ ~i lzi- +i =n - -+i -i zi n nl- +-i t l+=i -ii +i + n +i l<zii. - -+i -i zi = - - +i i -i-i
t +i +i i ti ni -
(A) =n ii (B) -i
(C*) (+ =ni- -i ~ -in ini tln+= (D) ~=ni- -i ~-in ini t ln+=
9. A particle moves in a region having a uniform magnetic field and a parallel, uniform electric field. At some
instant, the velocity of the particle is perpendiculars to the field direction. The path of the particle will be
(A) a straight line (B) a circle
(C) a helix with uniform pitch (D*) a helix with nonuniform pitch.
(+ +i ( = -i zi n nl- +-i t . ti =n - -+i -i zi t -ii =ni-i - l - -i zi t l+=i -ii +i + n +i
l<zii. -i zi +i l<zii + n-- t +i +i i ti ni -
(A) =n ii (B) -i
(C) (+ =ni- -i ~ -in ini tln+= (D*) ~=ni- -i ~-in ini t ln+=
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
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10. An electric current i enters and leaves a uniform circular wire of radius a through diametrically opposite
points. Acharged particle q moving along the axis of the circular wire passes through its centre at speed u.
The magnetic force acting on the particle when it passes through the centre has a magnitude
(+ =n -ii+i -i +i lzii a t . :=n i=- ~lin i l-< ~i = i iii zi +-i t -ii it l-+n-i t (+
~i lzi- +i q -ii+i -i +i ~-i + ~- l<zi u -in = nl- +-i t ~i :=+ + -< = n -i t +i + -< = n -i
t -i := nn- in - -+i n +i lnii tini -
(A) q
a
v

0
2
i
(B) q
a
v

t
0
2
i
(C) q
a
v

0
i
(D*) zero
Objective - II
1. If a charged particle at rest experieces no electromagnetic force,
(A*) the electric field must be zero (B) the magnetic field must be zero
(C) the electric field may or may not be zero (D*) the magnetic field may or may not be zero
l< lini-ii n l-i- +i +i: l -- -+i n ~- i -ti +-i t -
(A*) l - -i zi zi - ti ni (B) - -+i -i zi zi - ti ni
(C) l - -i zi zi - ti ii =+-i t ~i -ti ii (D*) - -+i -i zi zi - ti ii =+-i t ~i -ti ii
2. If a charged particle kept at list expreiences an electromagnetic force,
(A*) the electric field must not be zero (B) the magnetic field must not be zero
(C) the electric field may or may not be zero (D*) the magnetic field may no may not be zero
l< lini-ii n l-i- (+ +i l -- -+i n ~- i +-i t -
(A*) l - -i zi zi - -ti ti ni (B) - -+i -i zi zi - -ti ti ni
(C) l - -i zi zi - ti ii =+-i t ~i -ti ii (D*) - -+i -i zi zi - ti ii =+-i t ~i -ti ii
3. If a charged particle projected in a gravity-free room deflects,
(A) there must be an electric field (B) there must be a magnetic field
(C*) both field cannot be zero (D*) both fields can be nonzero
(+ n ti- +n n -i l- l+i ni ~i lzi- +i l-i l- ti -i t . -i -
(A) ti l - -i zi ti ni (B) ti - -+i -i zi ti ni
(C*) <i -i -i zi zi - -ti ti =+- t (D*) <i -i -i zi ~zi - ti =+- t
4. A charged particle moves in a gravity-free space without change in veloicty. Which of the following is/are
possible ?
(+ ~i lzi- +i n n +- -i zi n n n l- - + l-i nl- +-i t l--- n = +i -=i+i -= =-i t -
(A*) E = 0, B = 0 (B*) E = 0, B = 0 (C) E = 0, B = 0 (D*) E = 0, B = 0
5. A charged particle moves alonh a circle under the action of possible constant electric and magnetic fields.
Which of the following are possible ?
(+ ~i lzi- +i = i ( l-- l - -ii - -+i -i zii n -ii+i i nl- +-i t l--- n = +i -=i = i t -
(A) E = 0, B = 0 (B*) E = 0, B = 0 (C) E = 0, B = 0 (D) E = 0, B = 0
6. A charged particle goes undelflected in a region containing electric and magnetic field. It is possible that
(A*)

E ||

B,

u ||

E (B*)

E is not parallel to

B
(C)

u ||

B but

E is not parallel to

B (D)

E ||

B but

u is not parallel to

E
l+=i -i zi n ti l - ( - -+i -i zi -l-i- t (+ ~i lzi- +i l-i l- t ( l-i nl- +-i t t = i t l+-
(A*)

E ||

B,

u ||

E (B*)

E

B + =ni-i- -ti t
(C)

u ||

B l+--

E .

B+ =ni-i- -ti t (D)

E ||

B l+--

u ,

E + =ni-i- -ti t
7. If a charged particle goes unacceleration in a region containing electric and magnetic fields,
(A*) E

must be perpeandicular to B

(B*)
u

must be perpendicular to E

(C)
u

must be perpendicular toB

(D) E must be equla to uB.

l< (+ ~i lzi- +i ( = -i zi n iti- nl- +-i t . ti l - ( - -+i -i zi t -
(A*) E

, B

+ n-- tini (B*)

u , E

+ n-- tini
(C)

u , B

+ n-- ti ni (D) E, uB + i tini

Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
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8. Two ions have equla masses but one is singly-ionized and other is douly-ionized. The are project from the
same place in a uniform magnetic field with the same veloicty perpendicular to the field.
(A) Both ions will go along circles of equal radii.
(B*) The circle described by the single-ionized charge will have a radius double that of the other
circle
(C) The two circles do not touch each other
(D*) The two circles touch each other
<i ~i-i + < ni- (+ =ni- t . l+-- (+ (+ii ~il-- -ii < =i l,~il-- t :-+i (+ ti -ii- = (+ =ni-
- -+i -i zi n (+ =ni- n = - -+i -i zi + n-- -i l- l+i i-i t -
(A) <i-i ~i- =ni- lzii~i + -ii+i ii nl- +n
(B*) (+ii ~il-- ~i- ,ii -i n -ii+i
(C) <i-i -i (+ <= -zi -ti +n
(D*) <i -i -i (+ <= +i -zi +n
9. An electron is moving along the positive X-axis. You want to apply a magnetic field for a short time so that the
electron may reverse its direction and move parallel to the negative X-axis. This can be done by applying the
magentic field along.
(A*) Y-axis (B*) Z-axis (C) Y-axis only (D) Z-axis only
(+ :n + i- i-in+ X-~-i + ~- l<zi nl- + ti t ~i ~- =n + ln (+- -+i -i zi nni-i -it- t . -il+
:n + i - ~-i l<zii li- ++ +iin+ X-~-i +i ~i nl- + =+ t l+i i =+-i t l< - -+ -i zi l---
+ ~- l<zi nnii i -
(A*) Y-~-i (B*) Z-~-i (C) + n Y-~-i (D) + n Z-~-i
10. Let E

and B

denote electric and magnetic fields in a frames S and E

and B

in another frame S moving

with respect to S at a velocity

u . Two of the following equations are wrong. Identify them.
ni-i l+ E

-ii B

(+ l-< zi - zi Sn l - -ii - -+i -i zii +i +- +- t -ii S+ =i -i

u n = nl-ziin
<= l-<zi -zi S n E

-ii B

l--- n = <i =ni+i nn- t :-+i l-l-t- +il -

(A) B
y
1
+ B
y
+
uE
c
2
2
(B*) E
y
1
+ E
y
+
uB
c
2
2
(C*) B
y
1
+ B
y
+ uE
2
(D) B
y
1
+ B
y
+ uB
2
WORKED OUT EXAMPLES
1. A charge of 2.0 C moves with a speed of 2.0 10
6
m/s along the positive X-axis. A magnetic field
B

of
strength (0.20 j

+ 0.40
k

)T exists in space. Find the magnetic force acting on the charge.

Sol. The force on the charge
= q
v

= (2.0 10
6
) (2.0 10
6
m/s
i

) (0.20 j

+ 0.40
k

)T
= 4.0(0.20
i

+ 0.40
i

)N
= (0.8
k

1.6 j

) N.
2. A wire is bent in the form of an equilateral triangle PQR of side 10 cm and carries a current of 5.0 A. It is
placed in a magnetic field B of magnitude 2.0 T directed perpendicularly to the plane of the loop. Find the
forces on the three sides of the triangle.
Sol.
R
i
P Q
B
F
3
F
2
F
1
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
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Suppose the field and the current have directions as shown in figure. The force on PQis
B i F
1

=
or, F
1
= 5.0 A 10 cm 2.0 T = 1.0 N
The rule of vector product shows that the force F
1
is perpendicular to PQand is directed towards the inside
of the triangle.
The forces
2
F

and
3
F

on QR and RP can also be obtained similarly. Both the forces are 1.0 N directed
perpendicularly to the respective sides and towards the inside of the triangle.
The three forces
1
F

,
2
F

and
3
F

will have zero resultant, so that there is no net magnetic force on the triangle.
This result can be generalised. Any closed current loop, placed in a hogogeneous magnetic field, does not
experience a net magnetic force.
3. Figure shows two long metal rails placed horizontally and parallel to each other at a separation l. Auniform
magnetic field B exists in the vertically downward direction. Awire of mass m can slide on the rails. The rails
are connected to a constant current source which drives a current i in the circuit. The friction coefficient
between the rails and the wire is . (a) What soluble the minimumvalue of which can prevent the wire from
sliding on the rails? (b) Describe the motion of the wire if the value of is half the value found in the previous
part
i



Sol. (a) The force on the wire due to the magnetic field is
B i F

=
or, F = iB
It acts towards right tin the given figure. If the wire does not slide on the rails, the force of friction by the rails
should be equal to F. If
0
be the minimum coefficient of friction which can prevent sliding, this force is also
equal to
0
mg. Thus,

0
mg = iB
or,
0
=
mg
B i
(b) If the friction coefficient is =
2
0

=
mg 2
B i
, the wire will slide towards right. The frictional force by the rails
is
f = mg =
2
B i
towards left.
The resultant force is iB
2
B i
=
2
B i
towards right. The acceleration will be a =
m 2
B i
. The wire will slide
towards right with this acceleration.
4. A proton, a deuteron and an alpha particle moving with equal kinetic enter perpendicularly into a magnetic
field. If r
p
, r
d
and r
a
are the respective radii of the circular paths, find the ratio r
p
/ r
d
and r
p
/r
n
.
Sol. We have r =
qB
mv
=
qB
mK 2
where K =
2
1
mv
2
= kinetic energy..
Thus, i
p
=
B q
K m 2
p
p
, r
d
=
B q
K m 2
d
d
and r
a
=
B q
K m 2
a
a
.
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
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We get
p
d
d
p
q
q
r
r
=
d
p
m
m
=
p
p
q
q
a
p
m
m
=
2
1
and
a
p
r
r
=
p
a
q
q
a
p
m
m
=
p
p
q
q 2
p
p
m 4
m
= 1.
5. Singly charged magnesium (A = 24) ions are accelerated to kinetic energy 2 keVand are projected perpen-
dicularly into a magnetic field B of magnitude 0.6 T. (a) Find the radius of the circle formed by the ions. (b) If
there are also singly charged ions of the isotope magnesium-26, what would be the radius for these par-
ticles?
Sol. The radius is given by
r =
qB
mv
=
qB
mK 2
For
24
Mg ions, m = 24 m
p
approximately and q = 1.6 10
10
C.
Putting the values,
r =
T 6 . 0 C 10 6 . 1
J 10 6 . 1 2000 kg 10 67 . 1 24 2
19
18 27

= 0.053 m = 5.3 cm.
For
28
Mg, the radius r will be given by
r =
qB
K ' m 2
or, r =
m
' m
r
= 5.3 cm
24
26
= 5.5 cm.
6. A particle having a charge 20 C and mass 20 g moves along a circle of radius 5.0 cm under the action of
a magnetic field B = 1.0 T. When the particle is at a point P, a uniform electric field is switched on and it is
found that the particle continues on the tangent through P with a uniform velocity. Find the electric field.
Sol.

v
E
P
When the particle moves along a circle in the magnetic field B, the magnetic force is radially inward. If an
electric field of proper magnitude is switched on which is directed radially outwards, the particle may expe-
rience no force. It will then move along a straight line with uniform velocity. This will be the case when
qE = qvB or, E = vB,
The radius of the circle in a magnetic field is given by
r =
qB
mv
or, v =
m
rqB
=
kg 10 20
) T 0 . 1 )( C 10 20 ( ) m 10 0 . 5 (
9
6 2

= 50 m/s.
The required electric field is
E = vB = (50 m/s) (10 10
3
T)
This field will be in a direction which is radially outward at P.
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
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7. A particle of mass m = 1.6 10
27
kg and charge q = 1.6 10
19
C moves at a speed of 1.0 10
7
m/s. It
enters a region of uniform magnetic field at a point E, as shown in figure. The field has a strength of 1.0 T. (a)
The magnetic field is directed into the plane of the paper. The particle leaves the region of the field at the point
F. Find the distance EF and the angle u. (b) If the field is coming out of the paper, find the time spent by the
particle in the region of the magnetic field after entering it at E.
u
F
45
O







E
C
A
Sol. (a) As the particle enters the magnetic field, it will travel in a circular path. The centre will be on the line
perpendicular to its velocity and the radius r will be
qB
mv
. The direction of the force
B v a

shows that the

centre will be outside the field as shown in figure. As ZAEO = 90 (as AE is tangent and OE is radius) and
ZAEC = 45, we have OEF = 45. As OE = OF (they are radii of the circular arc), ZOFE = 45. Also, OF is
perpendicular to the velocity of the particle at F, so that u = 45. From triangle OEF,
EF = 2.OE cos ZOEF
= 2.
qB
mv
.
2
1
=
T 0 . 1 ) C 10 6 . 1 (
) s / m 10 ( ) kg 10 6 . 1 ( 2
19
7 27

=
2
10
1
m = 14 cm.
(b)
E
F
O

E
If the magnetic field is coming out of the paper, the direction of the force qv B shows that the centre Owill
be inside the field region as shown in figure.
Again ZAEO = 90, giving
ZOEF = ZOFE = 45.
Thus, the angle EOF = 90. The particle describes three fourths of the complete circle inside the field. As the
speed v is uniform, the time spent in the magnetic field will be
qB 2
m 3
vqB 2
mv 3
v
r 2
4
3 t
=
t
=
t

=
T 0 . 1 C 10 6 . 1 2
kg 10 6 . 1 14 . 3 3
19
27

= 4.7 10
8
s,
8. Abeam of protons with a velocity of 4 10
5
m/s enters a uniform magnetic field of 0.3 T. The velocity makes
an angle of 60 with the magnetic field. Field the radius of the helical path taken by the proton beam and the
pitch of the helix.
Sol. The components of the protons velocity along and perpendicular to the magnetic field are
v
u
= (4 10
5
m/s) cos 60 = 2 10
5
m/s.
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
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B
and v
1
= (4 10
5
m/s) sin 60 = 2/3 10
5
m/s.
As the force B v q

is perpendicular to the magnetic field, the component v

n
will remain constant. In the
plane perpendicular to the field, the proton will describe a circle whose radius is obtained from the equation
a circle whose radius is obtained from the equation
qv
1
B =
r
mv
2
1
or, r =
qB
mv
1
=
) T 3 . 0 ( ) C 10 6 . 1 (
) s / m 10 3 2 ( ) kg 10 67 . 1 (
19
5 27

= 0.012 m = 1.2 cm
The time taken in one complete revolution in the plane perpendicular to B is
T =
1
v
r 2t
=
s / m 10 3 2
m 012 . 0 14 . 3 2
5

.
The distance moved along the field during this period, i.e., the pitch
=
s / m 10 3 2
m 012 . 0 14 . 3 2 ) s / m 10 2 (
5
5

= 0.044 m = 4.4 cm.
The qualitative nature of the path of the protons is shown in figure.
9.
2A
y
x
u
z
Sol. The magnetic moment of the loop is A ni

= where n is the number of turns, i is the current and

A

is the
area-vector. The direction of
A

is determined by the sense of the current and in this case it lies in the fourth
quadrant making an angle u = 37 with the negative Y-axis.
Torque B A ni B

= = I
Thus, I = 100 (2A) (12 10
4
m
2
) 1 T sin 37 = 0.14 N-m.
The torque is along the positive Z-axis.
10. An electron moves with a constant speed v along a circle of radius r. (a) Find the equivalent current through
a point on its path. (b) Find the magnetic moment of the circulating electron. (c) Find the ratio of the magnetic
moment of the angular momentum of the electron.
Sol. (a) Consider a point Pon the path of the electron. In one revolution of the electron, a charge e cross the point
P. As the frequency of revolution is v/(2tr), the charge crossing P in unit time, i.e., the electric current is
i =
r 2
ev
t
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
Page # 10
manishkumarphysics.in
(b) The area Aenclosed by this circular current is tr
2
so that the magnetic moment of the current is
= iA =
2
evr
) r (
r 2
ev
2
t |
.
|

\
|
t
in a direction perpendicular to the loop.
(c) The angular momentumof the electron is = mvr. Its direction is opposite to that of the magnetic moment.
Thus.
m 2
e
mvr 2
evr
=

=
t

11. An electron is released fromthe origin at a place where a uniformelectric field Eand a uniform magnetic field
B exist along the negative Y-axis and the negative Z-axis respectively. Find the displacement of the electron
along the Y-axis when its velocity becomes perpendicular to the electric field for the first time.
u
F
E
Y
B
x
Sol. Let us take axes as shown in figure. According to the right-handed system, the Z-axis is upward in the figure
and hence the magnetic field is shown downwards. At any time, the velocity of the electron may be written as
j u i u u
y x

+ =
The electric and magnetic fields may be written as
j E E

=
and
k B B

=
respectively. The force on the electron is
) B u E ( e F

+ = = ) j u i u ( eB j eF
x y

+
Thus, F
x
= eu
y
B
and F
y
= e(E u
x
B).
The components of the acceleration are
y
x
x
u
m
eB
dt
du
a = =
....(i)
and
) B u E (
m
e
dt
du
a
x
y
y
= =
. ....(ii)
Wehave,
2
y
2
dt
u d
=
m
eB
dt
du
x
=
m
eB
.
m
eB
u
y
= e
2
u
y
where e =
m
eB
....(iii)
This equation is similar to that for a simple harmonic motion. Thus,
u
y
= A sin (et + o) .....(iv)
and hence,
dt
du
y
= A e cos (et + o) ....(v)
At t = 0, u
y
= 0 and
dt
du
y
=
dt
F
y
=
m
eE
.
Putting in (iv) and (v),
o = 0 and A =
e m
eE
B
E
.
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
Page # 11
manishkumarphysics.in
Thus, u
y
=
B
E
sin et.
The path of the electron will be perpendicular to the Y-axis when u
y
= 0. This will be the case for the first time
at t where
sin et = 0
or, wt = t
or, t =
e
t
=
eB
m t
Also, u
y
=
dt
dy
=
B
E
sin et
or, t sin
B
E
dy
y
0
e =
}
dt
or, y =
e B
E
(1 cos et).
At t =
e
t
,
y =
e
= t
e B
E 2
) cos 1 (
B
E
Thus, the displacement along the Y-axis is
2
eB
Em 2
BeB
Em 2
B
E 2
= =
e
.
EXERCISE
1. An alpha particle is projected vertically upward with a speed of 3.0 10
4
k/m in a region where a
magnetic field of magnitude 1.0 Tn exists in the direction south to north. Fine the magnetic force thaty
acts on the o particle
l+=i -ii- - -+i -i zi 1.0 -ni <l-ii = --i +i ~i t . ti (+ o-+i -i i - +i ~i 3.010
4
l+ni= -in = -i l- l+i ni t o+i nn- ini - -+i n ai- +il
Ans.
2. An electron is projected horizontally with a kinetic energy of 10 keV. Amagnetic field of strength 1.0 10
7
T exists in the vertically upward direction.
(a) Will the electron deflect towards left of its motion?
(b) Calculatethesideways deflectionof theelectronintravellingthrough1m. Makeappropriateapproximations.
(+ :n + i- -il- l<zii n 10 keV-i = -i l- l+i ni t := -ii- -i i - +i ~i 1.010
7
-ni
-i -i +i - -+i -i zi t -
(a) +i :n + i- ~-i nl- +i l<zii + <ii ~ii i i ~i l-i l- ti ni`
(b) 1 ni. <i - +- n :n+i- +i l-ii ai- +il -l-- =ini -+ ni-i +il
Ans. (a) left (b) ~ 1.5 cm
3. A magnetic field of (4.0 10
3
k

)T exerts a force of (4.0

i

+ 3.0 j

) 10
10
N on a particle having a charge of
1.0 10
9
C and going in the x - y plane. Find the velocity of the particle.
x-y -n n nl-ziin. 1.0 10
9
+ nin ~i zi in +i (4.0 10
3
k

) -ni - -+i -i zi + +ii (4.0

i

+ 3.0 j

)
10
10
- - n nn-i t +i +i n ai- +il
Ans. (75 i

+ 100
j

) m/s
4. An experimenters diary reads as follows; a charged particle is projected in a magnetic field of (7.0
i

3.0
j

) 10
3
T. The acceleration of the particle is found to be (
i

+ 7.0 j

) 10
6
m/s
2n
. The number to the left of
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
Page # 12
manishkumarphysics.in
i

in the last expression was not readable. What can this number be?
(+ i n+-i +i ii n lnii t ~i t . (7.0
i

3.0 j

) 10
3
-ni -i -i in - -+i -i zi n (+ ~i lzi- +i
-i l- l+i ni t +i +i l-i- i (
i

+ 7.0 j

) 10
6
ni/=
2
"
i

+ =ii z i t : = i c- n -ti ~i ti t
t =i +i ti =+-i t `
Ans. 3.0
6. When a proton is released from rest in a room, it starts with an initial acceleration a
0
towards west. When it
is projected towards north with a speed v
0
, it moves with an initial acceleration 3a
0
towards west. Find the
electric field and the maximum possible magnetic field in the room.
l+=i +n n lini-ii = (+ :n + i - n +- l+i i-i t . t il-i+ i a
0
= lz-n +i ~i nl-ziin ti -i
t :=+i v
0
-in = --i +i ~i -i l- l+i i-i t t lz-n +i ~i il-i+ i 3a
0
= nl-ziin ti -i t
+n n l - -i zi -ii ~li+-n = i - -+i -i zi ai- +il
Ans.
e
ma
0
towards west,
0
0
ev
ma 2
downward
7. Consider a 10 cm long portion of a straight wire carrying a current of 10Aplaced in a magnetic field of 0.1 T
making an angle of 53 with the wire. What magnetic force does the wire experience?
(+ -i = 10Aiii ilt- ti ti t :=+i 10 = ni n-i (+<n =iii iin 0.1 -ni -i -i + - -+i -i zi = 53
+i i -i- t ( -i zi n ii t ~i t -i - -+i -i zi + +ii nn- in n +i lnii l+--i t `
Ans. 0.08 N perpendicular to both the wire and the field
8. Acurrent of 2Aenters at the corner d of a square frame abcd of side 20 cm and leaves at the opposite corner
b. Amagnetic field B= 0.1 T exists in the space in direction perpendicular to the plane of the frame as shown
in figure. Find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic forces on the four sides of the frame.
20 = ni i i in ni +i + n abcd + d +i - = 2Aiii l ti -i t -ii < = +i - b = it l-+n-i t l-zii- =i
:= -i zi n + n + -n + n-- (+ - -+i -i zi B= 0.1 -ni -l-i- t + n +i -ii i i~i - -+i n +i
lnii ( l<zii ai- +il
d c
a
b
Ans. 0.02 N on each wire, on da and cb towards left and on dc and ab downward.
9. A magnetic field of strength 1.0 T is produced by a strong electromagnet in a cylindrical region of radius 4.0
cmas shown in figure. Awire, carrying a current of 2.0A, is placed perpendicular to and intersecting the axis
of the cylindrical region. Find the magnitude of the force acting on the wire.
(+ n l -- -+ +i =ti-i = l-zi n <zii ~- =i 4.0 = ni lzii in n-i+i -i zi n 1.0 -ni -i -i +i
- -+i -i zi --- l+i i-i t n-i+i -i zi +i ~-i +i +i- t ( -ii :=+ n-- (+ -i ii t ~i t . l=n
2.0Aiii ilt- ti ti t -i nn- in n +i lnii ai- +il
S
S
i
Ans. 0.16 N
10. Awireof lengthl carries a current i alongthe x-axis. Amagnetic field exists whichis given as T ) k j i ( B B
0

+ + = .
Find the magnetic of the magnetic force acting on the wire.
x-~-i + ~-l<zi i t( n-i: + -i = i iii ilt- ti ti t ti (+ --+i -izi -l-i- t. i
T ) k j i ( B B
0

+ + = ,ii +- l+i i-i t -i nn- in --+i n +i lnii ai- +il
Ans. N B 2
0
11. Acurrent of 5.0 Aaxis in the circuit shown in figure (34 E3). The wire PQ has a lengths of 50 cm and the
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
Page # 13
manishkumarphysics.in
magnetic field in which it is immersed has a magnitude of 0.20 T. Find the magnetic force acting on the wire
PQ.
l-zi n <lzi - li n 5.0Aiii ilt- ti ti t -i PQ+i n-i: 50 = ni t -ii l= -i zi n t l-i- t -=+i
lnii 0.20 -ni t -i PQ+i n-i: 50 = ni t -ii l= -i zi n t l-i- t -=+i lnii 0.20 -ni t -i
PQ nn- ii - -+i n ai- +il



Q P
Ans. 0.50 N towards the inside of the circuit
12. A circular loop of radius a, carrying a current i, is placed in a two-dimensional magnetic field. The centre of
the loop cooincides with the centre of the field (figure). The strength of the magnetic field at the periphery of
the loop is B. Find the magnetic force on the wire.
a lzii +i (+ -ii+i n . l== i iii ilt- ti ti t . (+ l,lni - -+i -i zi n ii t ~i t n +i + -<
- -+i -i zi + + -< = =-il-- t (l-zi) n +i lli - -+i -i zi Bt -i - -+i n ai- +il
Ans. 2taiB, perpendicular to the plane of the figure going into it.
13. A hypothetical magnetic field existing in a region is given by
r 0
e B B

= , where
r
e

denotes the unit vector

along the radial direction. Acircular loop of radius a, carrying a current i, is placed with its plane parallel to the
X-Y plane and the centre at (0, 0, d). Find the magnitude of the magnetic force acting on the loop.
l+=i -i zi n (+ +i-l-+ - -+i -i zi
r 0
e B B

= -l-i- t . ti
r
e

lzii l<zii n (+i + =l<zi +i +- +-i

t a lzii +i (+ -ii+i n . l== i iii ilt- ti ti t . x-y -n + =ni-i - := +i ii t ~i t l+ :=+i
+-< (0, 0, d) t n nn- in --+i n +i lnii ai- +il
Ans.
2 2
0
2
d a
iB a 2
+
t
18. Awire, carrying a current, i, is kept in the X Y plane along the curve y = Asin
|
.
|

\
|

t
x
2
. Amagnetic field B
exists in the z-direction. Find the magnitude of the magnetic force on the portion of the wire between x = 0
and x = .
(+ -i l== i iii ilt- t . x y -n n + y = Asin
|
.
|

\
|

t
x
2
+ ~- l<zi ii t ~i t Blnii +i (+ - -+i
-i zi z-l<zii n -l-i- t x = 0 -ii x = + n l-i- -i + iin - -+i n +i lnii ai- +il
Ans. iB
19. A rigid wire consists of a semicircular portion of radius R and two straight sections (figure). The wire is
partially immersed in a perpendicular magnetic field Bas shown in the figure. Find the magnetic force on the
wire if it carries a current i.
(+ < c -i n (+ Rlzii +i ~z -ii+i iin -i <i =ii iin t (l-zi) =i l+ l-zi n <zii i ni t l+ -i (+
n-- - -+i -i zi n ~i lzi+ = ~-< ii t ~i t l< -i = i iii ilt- ti ti t -i := - -+i n
ai- +il




R
i
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
Page # 14
manishkumarphysics.in
Ans. 2iRB, upward in the figure
21. Figure shows a rod PQof length 20.0 cmand mass 200 g suspended through a fixed point Oby two threads
of lengths 20.0 cm each. Amagnetic field of strength 0.500 T exists in the vicinity of the wire PQ as shown
in the figure. The wires connecting PQ will the battery are loose and exert no force on PQ. (a) Find the
tension in the threads when the switch S is open. (b) A current of 2.0 Ais established when the switch S is
closed. Find the tension in the threads now.
l-zi n <ziii ni t l+ 20.0 = ni n-i: -ii 200 n in < ni- +i z <i iini +i =ti-i = (+ l-i l-< O=
n+ii ni t . + iin +i n-i: 20.0 = ni t -i + =ni in -i zi n 0.500 -ni -i -i +i (+ - -+i -i zi
l-zii- =i -l-i- t PQ+i i = i - in = i - -i cin t -ii PQ+i i = i - in = i - -i cin
t -ii PQ +i : n -ti nni- t (a) + i Si ni t : t . iini n --i ai- +il (b) + i S < t
2.0Aiii ilt- ti -i t ~ iini n --i ai- +il
S
O
Q P
Ans. (a) 1.13 N (b) 1.25 N
22. Two metal strips, each of length l, are clamped parallel to each other on a horizontal floor with a
separation b between them. A wire of mass m lies on them perependicularly as shown in figure. A
vertically upward the wire and the floor is . Acurrent i is established when the switch S is closed at the
instant t = 0. Discuss the motion of the wire after the switch is closed. How far away from the strips will
the wire reach?
<i ii- +i li . + +i n-i: t . -i l- +zi b < i - =ni-i - +n - +i ni t :- l-zii- =i
m < ni- +i (+ -i n-- ii t ~i t ~i+izi n -i i - +i ~i B -i -i +i - -+i -i zi -l-i- t
ii- +i li l-+-i t. l+-- -i ( +zi + i- ii inii+ +i ni- t t = 0 + i nni+ i iii -iil-
+i i-i t +i nni- + z-i- -i +i nl- +i l--i +il -i. li = l+--i < -+ -ni i ni`
Ans.
23. A metal wire PQ of mass 10 g lies at rest on two horizontal metal rails separated by 4.90 cm (figure). A
vertically downward magnetic field of magnitude 0.800 T exists in the space. The resistance of the circuit is
slowly decreased and it is found that when the resistance goes below 20.0 O, the wire PQ starts sliding on
the rails. Find the coefficient of friction.
10 n in < ni- ini ii- +i (+ -i 4.90 = ni < l-i- ii- +i <i -i l- li ii t ~i t (l-zi) ~i+izi n
-i i -i- +i ~i 0.800 -ni -i -i +i - -+i -i zi -l-i- t li +i l-i i ii ii +n l+i i-i t -ii
l-i i 20.0 O = +n ti -i t. -i PQli l+=n-i i-i + < -i t ii i nii+ ai- +il
P
Q




6 V
Ans. 0.12
24. A straight wire of length can slide on tow parallel plastic rails kept in a horizontal plane with a
separation d. The coefficient of friction between the wire and the rails is . If the wire carries a current
i, what minimum magnetic field should exist in the space in order to slide the wire on the rails.
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
Page # 15
manishkumarphysics.in
-i l- -n n d <i l-i- -nil-+ +i <i li n-i: +i (+ -i l- -i l+=n =+-i t -i -ii li
+ n ii i n ii + t l< -i n ilt- iii i t . ~i+izi n - --n l+--i - -+i -i zi -l-i- ti -i -ilt . -il+
li -i l+=n =+
Ans.
2
1 i
mg
+

25. Figure shows a circular wire-loop of radius a, carrying a current i, placed in a perependicular magnetic
field B. (a) Consider a small part dl of the wire. Find the force on this part of wire exerted by the
magnetic field. (b) Find the force of compression in the wire.
a lzii +i -i +i (+ -ii+i n . l== i iii ilt- ti ti t . l-zii- =i (+ n-- - -+i -i zi B n ii t ~i
t (a) -i + (+ ~-izi d l-i +il := iin --+i -izi + +ii nn- ini n ai- +il
(b) -i n =-i- n ai- +il
Ans. (a) idlB towards the centre (b) iaB
26. Suppose that the radius of cross-section of the wire used in the previous problem is r. Find the increase
in the radius of the loop if the magnetic field is switched off. The Youngs modulus of the material of the
wire is Y.
ni-i l+ lzn z- n +- -i + ~- -i +i +i lzii r t l< - -+i -i zi l-- ~i+ + l<i i -i n
+i lzii n lz ai- +il -i + <ii +i n +i i-i-i n ii + Y t
Ans.
Y r
B ia
2
2
t
.
27. The magnetic field existing in a region is given by
l+=i -i zi n -l-i- - -+i -i zi l---i- =i +- l+i i-i t

B = B
0
|
.
|

\
|
+

x
1
k

A square loop of edge and carrying a current i, is placed with its edges parallel to the x-y axes. Find the
magnitude of the net magnetic force experienced by the loop.
i i +i (+ ni +i n l=n i iii ilt- t . :=+i i i( x-y ~-ii + =ni-i - i- t ( ii ni t n ,ii
~- il- + n - -+i n +i lnii ai- +il
Sol. The magnitude of magnetic field varies along x-axis.
It can be observed that force on wire PQand RS have same magnitude but opposite directions.
or
PQ
F

+
RS
F

= 0
Net magnitude of force on square loop is =
QR SP
F F

+
= i B
0
|
.
|

\
|
+

a
1
+ i B
0
|
.
|

\
| +
+

a
1
= i B
0
28. A conducting wire of length l, lying normal to a magnetic field B, moves with a velocity v as shown in figure.
(a) Find the average magnetic force on a free electron of the wire. (b) Due to this magnetic force, electrons
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
Page # 16
manishkumarphysics.in
concentrate at one end resulting in an electric field inside the wire. The redistribution stops when the electric
force on the free electrons balances the magnetic force. Find the electric field developed inside the wire when
the redistribution stops. (c) What potential difference is developed between the ends of the wire?
- -+i -i zi B+ ~lin-- ii t ~i n-i: +i -in+ -i l-zii- =i v n = nl- + ti t (a) -i + n +- :n + i -
~i =- - -+i n ai- +il (b) := n + +ii :n + i- (+ l= (+lzi- ti i- t -ii -i + ~-<
(+ l - -i zi --- ti i-i t . t -l -i - +-i t n +- :n + i- - n. - -+i n = = - ln-
ti i-i t -l -i + ti-i t -i n l - -i zi ai- +il (c) -i + l=i + n l+--i lii - ---
ti -i t



v
Ans. (a) evB (b) vB (c) iBv
29. Acurrent i is passed through a silver strip of width d and area of cross-sectionA. The number of free electrons
per unit volume is n. (a) Find the drift velocity v of the electrons. (b) If a magnetic field B exists in the region
as shown in figure, what is the average magnetic force on the free electrons? (c) Due to the magnetic force,
the free electrons get accumulated on one side of the conductor along its length. This produces a transverse
electric field in the conductor which opposes the magnetic force on the electrons. Find the magnitude of the
electric field which will stop further accumulation of electrons. (d) What will be the potential difference devel-
oped across the width of the conductor due to the electron accumulation? The appearance of a transverse
emf, when a current-carrying wire is placed in a magnetic field, is called Hall effect.
d -i i: A ~- -i+i -i zi+n ini -i <i +i i = i iii ilt- t l- (+i + ~i-- n n +- :n + i-i +i
=i n t (a) :n+ i-i ~it n v ai- +il (b) l< - -+i -izi l-zi n <lzi - -i zi n ti -l-i- t . n +-
:n+ i- ~i =- - -+i n l+--i t ` (c) - -+i n + +ii. n +- :n + i- -i +i n-i: + ~- l<zi :=+
(+ l= (+lzi- ti i- t :=+ +ii -in+ n ~- -i l - -i zi --- ti i-i t . i :n + i-i +i (+lzi+i
i + < (d) :n + i-i + (+lzi+i + +ii -in+ +i -i i: + n l+--i lii-- --- ti ni` - -+i -i zi n
i t( iiiiti -i n := +i --- ~- -i l- it+ n. tinii +tni-i t



v
d

i
Ans. (a)
Ane
i
(b)
An
iB
upwards in the figure (c)
Ane
iB
(d)
Ane
iBd
30. A particle having a charge of 2.0 10
8
C and a mass of 2.0 10
10
g is projected with a speed of 2.0 10
3
m/s in a region having a uniform magnetic field of 0.10 T. The velocity is pependicular to the field. Find the
radius of the circle formed by the particle and also the time period.
0.10 -ni -i -i in - -+i -i zi n 2.0 10
8
+ nin -ii 2.0 10
10
n in < ni- ini (+ +i 2.0 10
3
ni/=
-in = -i l- l+i ni t n +i l<zii -i zi + n-- t +i + ,ii - l+ n -ii+i i +i lzii -ii ~i- +in
ai- +il
Ans. 20 cm, 6.3 10
4
s
31. Aproton describes a circle of radius 1 cm in a magnetic field of strength 0.10 T. What would be the radius of
the circle described by an o-particle moving with the same speed in the same magnetic field?
0.10 -ni -i -i in - -+i -i zi n (+ i i- 1 = ni lzii +i -ii+i i - +-i t :=i -i zi n =ni- -in
= nl-ziin o-+i ,ii - l+ n -ii+i i +i lzii l+--i ti ni`
Ans. 2 cm
32. An electron having a kinetic energy of 100 eVcirculates in a path of radius 10 cm in a magnetic field. Find the
magnetic field and the number of revolutions per second made by the electron.
l+=i - -+i -i zi n 100 eVnl--i ini :n + i - 10 = ni lzii +i -ii+i i - +-i t - -+i -i zi -ii
:n +i- ,ii l- =+ nni n -++i +i = i ai- +il
Ans. 3.4 10
4
T, 9.4 10
6
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
Page # 17
manishkumarphysics.in
33. Protons having kinetic energy K emerge from an acceleration as a narrow beam. The beam is bent by a
perependicular magnetic field so that it just misses a plane target kept at a distance l in front of the accelera-
tor. Find the magnetic field.
(+ lzi = K nl- -i + i i- = + + n -=l - ti - t (+ n-- - -+i -i zi ,ii +i :--i
ni i i-i t l+ t lzi = < i i n- = +i- = = - + i-i t - -+i -i zi ai- +il
Ans.
el
K m 2
p
34. A charged particle is accelerated through a potential difference of 12 kV and acquires a speed of 1.0 10
6
m/s. It is then injected perpendicularly into a magnetic field of strength 0.2 T. Find the radius of the circle
described by it.
12 kV lii - = l- l+i ni (+ ~i lzi- +i 1.0 10
6
ni/= -in i-- + n -i t :=+ z-i- := 0.2 -ni
-i-i in - -+i -izi n l +ii i-i t :=+ ,ii -i n -i +i lzii ai- +il
Ans. 12 cm
36. Aproton is projected with a velocity of 3 10
6
m/s perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field of 0.6T. Find the
acceleration of the proton.
0.6 -ni -i -i + - -+i -i zi + n-- (+ i i- 3 10
6
ni/= -in = -i l- l+i i-i t i i - +i i ai-
+il
Ans. (a) 3.2 10
15
N (b) 2.1 10
4
m (c) 1.31 10
7
s
37. (a) An electron moves along a circle of radius 1 m in a perpendicular magnetic field of strength 0.50 T. What
would be its speed? Is it reasonable? (b) If a proton moves along a circle of the same radius in the same
magnetic field, what would be its speed?
(a) 0.50 T -i -i in n-- - -+i -i zi n (+ :n + i - 1 ni. lzii + -ii+i i n i ni +-i t :=+i -in
l+--i ti ni` +i t = i t (b) l< =ni- - -+i -i zi n =ni- lzii in -ii+i i i i- l-ziin ti -i
:=+i -in l+--i tini`
Ans. (a) 8.8 10
10
m/s (b) 4.8 10
7
s
38. A particle of mass m and positive charge q, moving with a uniform velocity v, enters a magnetic field B as
shown in figure. (a) Find the radius of the circular are it describes in the magnetic field. (b) Find the angle
subtended by the are at the centre. (c) How long does the particle stay inside the magnetic field? (d) Solve
the three parts of the above problem if the charge q on the particle is negative.
(+ =ni- n v = nl-ziinm< ni- -ii q i-in+ ~i zi ini (+ +i. l-zii- =i - -+i -i zi B n l ti -i t
(a) --+i -izi n :=+ ,ii -i n -ii+ -i +i lzii ai- +il (b) -i ,ii + -< ~-l- +i i ai-
+il (c) +i - -+i -i zi n l+-- =n -+ t ni (d) l< +i +iizi t. -i -+- -i-i iin tn +il
u

v
B
Ans. (a)
qB
mv
(b) t 2u (c)
qB
m
(t 2u) (d)
qB
mv
, t + 2u,
qB
m
(t 2u)
40. A narrow beam of singly-charged carbon ions, moving at a constant velocity of 6.0 10
4
m/s, is sent
perpendicularly in a rectangular region having uniform magnetic field B = 0.5 T (figure). It is found that two
beams emerge from the field in the backward direction, the separations fromthe incident beam being 3.0 cm
and 3.5 cm. Identify the isotopes present in the ion beam. Take the mass of an ion =A(1.6 10
27
) kg, where
Ais the mass number.
(+ ~i-i+i < zi n l-i- B= 0.5 T - -+i -i zi n . l-- n 6.0 10
4
ni/= , nl-ziin (+ii ~il-- +i - ~i-i
+i . n-- l +ii i-i t (l-zi) t ii ni l+ iz +i l<zii n <i = < li 3.0 = ni -ii 3.5 = ni.
t ~i- = -l-i- ~i-i +i t-i- +il (+ ~i- +i < ni- =A(1.6 10
27
) l+n i.. ti A< ni- = i
t
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
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manishkumarphysics.in




Ans.
12
Cand
14
C
41. Fe
+
ions are accelerated through a potential difference of 500 V and are injected normally into a homoge-
neous magnetic field Bof strength 20.0 mT. Find the radius of the circular paths followed by the isotopes with
mass numbers 57 and 58. Take the mass of an ion =A(1.6 10
27
) kg, where Ais the mass number.
500 i - lii - = l- Fe
+
~i- 20.0mT -i -i in =n - -+i -i zi n ~lin-- l +i i- t
< ni- = i 57 -ii 58 in =n-iil-+i ,ii - l+ n -ii+i ii +i lzii ai- +il (+ ~i- +i < ni-
=A(1.6 10
27
) l+ni ni- nil. ti A<ni- =i t
Ans. 119 cm and 120 cm
43. Figure shows a convex lens of focal length 12 cm lying in a uniform magnetic field B of magnitude 1.2 T
parallel to its principal axis. A particle having a charge 2.0 10
3
C and mass 2.0 10
6
kg is projected
perpendicular to the plane of the diagram with a speed of 4.8 m/s. The particle moves along a circle with its
centre on the principal axis at a distance of 18 cm from the lens. Show that the image of the particle goes
along a circle and find the radius of that circle.
l-zi n <zii i ni t l+ 12 = ni lzii ini (+ --in n =. (+ =n - -+i -i zi Bl=+i lnii 1.2 T -ii l<zii
:=+i n ~-i + ~- l<zi t . ii t ~i t 2.0 10
3
+ nin ~i zi -ii 2.0 10
6
l+n i < ni- ini (+ +i l-zi
+ n-- 4.8 ni/= -in = -i l- l+i ni t +i (+ -ii+i i n nl- +-i t l=+i + -< n = = 18 = ni <
t +- +il l+ +i +i l-l- -ii+i i nl- + ni -ii := -i +i lzii ai- +il
B
P
Ans. 8 cm
44. Electrons emitted with negligible speed from an electron gun are acceleration through a potential difference
V along the x-axis. These electrons emerges from a narrow hole into a uniform magnetic field B directed
along this axis. However, some of the electrons emerging from the hole make slightly divergent angles as
shown in figure. Show that these paraxial electrons are refocused on the X-axis at a distance
(+ :n +i-n- = :n + i- -n -in = -=l - ti - t -ii x-~-i + ~- l<zi V lii- = l- l+ i- t
t :n + i- (+ lz< = =n - -+i -i zi B n zi +- t . l=+i l<zii := ~-i + ~- l<zi t l- -=l -
ti - in + n :n + i- l-zii- =i + z ~=ii +i i -i- t +- +il l+ ~-i + =ni in t :n + i - x-~-i
l--- <i - +i+l=- ti in
2
2
eB
mV 8t
Ans.
45. Two particles, each having a mass m are placed at a separation d in a uniform magnetic field B as shown in
figure. They have opposite charges of equal magnitude q. At time t = 0, the particles are projected towards
each other, each with a speed v. Suppose the Coulomb force between the charges is switched off. (a) Find
the maximum value v
m
of the projection speed so that the two particles do not collide. (b) What would be the
minimumand maximumseparation between the particles if v = v
m
/2? (c) At what instant will a collision occur
between the particle if v = 2v
m
? (d) Suppose v = 2v
m
and the collision between the particles is completely
inelastic. Describe the motion after the collision.
l-zii-=i (+ =n --+i -izi B n . <i +i + +i <ni- m, d <i i t( t :- =ni- lnii q
+ li- ~i zi t =n t = 0 . +i (+ < = +i ~i + v -in = -i l- l+ i- t ni-il+ +ii + i-
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
Page # 19
manishkumarphysics.in
+nini n =ni-- ti ni t (a) -ii -in +i t ~li+-n ni- v
m
ai- +il l+ +i ~i= n - +i
(b) l< v = v
m
/2 t -i +ii + i- - --n -ii ~li+-n <li l+--i t ? (c) l< v = 2v
m
ti -i +ii + i- ++
l+= -ii ti ni` (d) ni-i nil l+ v = 2v
m
t -ii +ii + i- ++ i -i i-i t ++ + z-i- nl-
+i l --i +il
Ans. (a)
m 2
qBd
(b)
2
q
,
2
q 3
(c)
qB 6
m t
(d) the particles stick together and the combined mass moves with constant speed v
m
along the straight line
drawn upward in the plane of figure through the point of collision.
46. A uniform magnetic field of magnitude 0.20 T exists in space from east to west. With what speed should a
particle of mass 0.010 g and having a charge 1.0 10
5
C be projected from south to north so that it moves
with a uniformvelocity?
~i+izi n = lz-n +i ~i :ln- 0.20 T +i =n --+i -izi -l-i- t 0.010 nin <ni- -ii
1.010
5
+ nin ~i zi ini (+ +i <l-ii = --i +i ~i l+= -in = -i l- l+i i l+ t (+ =ni- n =
nl- +`
Ans. 49 m/s
47. Aparticle moves in a circle of diameter 1.0 cm under the action of a magnetic field of 0.40 T. An electric field
of 200 V/m makes the path straight. Find the charge/mass ratio of the particle.
0.40 T -i -i in - -+i -i zi + ii n (+ +i 1.0 = ni i= in -ii+i i nl- +-i t 200 i -ni
+i l - -i zi :=+ i +i =iii + < -i t +i + ~i zi< ni- +i ~- i- ai- +il
Ans. 2.5 10
5
C/kg
48. A proton goes underflected in a crossed electric and magnetic field (the field are perependicular to each
other) at a speed of 2.0 10
6
m/s. The velocity is perependicular to both the fields. When the electric field is
switched off, the proton moves along a circle of radius 4.0 cm. Find the magnitude of the electric and the
magnetic fields. Take the mass of the proton = 1.6 10
27
kg.
(+ +il=- l - ( - -+i -i zi n (-i zi - n-- t ). 2.0 10
6
ni/= -in = nl-ziin i i - l-i l-i l- t (
nl- +-i t n +i l<zii <i -i -i zii + n-- t l - -i zi l-- ~i+ + l<i i-i t . i i - 4.0 = ni lzii
in -ii+i i nl- +-i t l - -i zi -ii - -+i -i zi + lnii ai- +il
ii- +i <ni- = 1.6 10
27
l+ni ni- nil
Ans. 1.0 10
4
m/s, 1.0 10
5
49. Aparticle having a charge of 5.0 Cand a mass of 5.0 10
12
kg is projected with a speed of 1.0km/s 1.0 km/
s in a magnetic field of magnitude 5.0 mT. The angle between the magnetic field and the velocity is sin
1
(0.90). Show that the path of the particle will be a helix. Find the diameter of the helix and its pitch.
(+ +i l= ~i zi 5.0 C-ii < ni- 5.0 10
12
l+n i t . 1.0 l+ni= -in = 5.0 mT lnii + - -+i -i zi
n -i l- l+i i-i t - -+i -i zi -ii n + i- +i i sin
1
(0.90) t +- +il l+ +i +i i t ln+= ti ni
t ln+= +i i= -ii :=+i l- ai- +il
Ans. 36 cm, 56 cm
50. Aproton projected in a magnetic field of 0.020 T travels along a helical path of radius 5.0 cmand pitch 20 cm.
Find the components of the velocity of the proton along and perpendicular to the magnetic field. Take the
mass of the proton = 1.6 10
27
kg.
0.020 T -i -i in - -+i -i zi n -i l- l+i ni (+ i i- t ln+n i + ~- l<zi nl- +-i t . l=+i lzii
5.0 = ni -ii l- 20 = ni t i i- + n + - -+i -i zi + ~- l<zi ( n-- i+ ai- +il
ii- +i <ni- = 1.6 10
27
l+ni ni- nil
Ans. 6.4 10
4
m/s, 1.0 10
5
51. A particle having mass m and charge q is released from the origin in a region in which electric field and
magnetic field are given by
j B B
0

= and k E E
0

= .
Find the speed of the particle as a function of its z-coordinate.
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
Page # 20
manishkumarphysics.in
m< ni- -ii q ~i zi ini (+ +i (+ = -i zi n . n n l-< = zi i i-i t . ti - -+i -i zi -ii l - -i zi l---i- =i
t
j B B
0

= -ii k E E
0

= .
+i +i -in. :=+ z-l-< zii+ + +n- + n ai- +il
Ans.
m
z qE 2
0
53. Arectangular coil of 100 turns has length 5 cm and width 4 cm. It is placed with its plane parallel to a uniform
magnetic field and a current of 2A is sent through the coil. Find the magnitude of the magnetic field B, if the
torque acting on the coil is 0.2 N-m.
(+ ~i-i+i + ni +i n-i: 5 =ni -ii -i i: 4 =ni t :=+i (+ =n - -+i -i zi n := +i ii ni
t l+ :=+i -n - -+i -i zi + =ni-i - t -ii + ni n 2Aiii ilt- +i i ti t l< + ni 0.2 - -ni.
n +i lnii ai- +il
Ans. 0.5 T
54. A50-turn circular coil of radius 2.0 cmcarrying a current of 5.0Ais rotated in a magnetic field of strength 0.20
T. (a) What is the maximum torque that acts on the coil? (b) IN a particular position of the coil, the torque
acting on it is half of this maximum. What is the angle between the magnetic field and the plane of the coil?
(+ 50+ ini -ii 2.0 = ni lzii ini -ii+i + ni n 5.0Aiii ilt- ti ti t . :=+i 0.20T -i -i + - -+i
-i zi n i nii i-i t (a) + ni nn- ini ~li+-n n ~ii i l+--i t ` (b) + ni +i (+ llzi l-il- n .
:= nn ti n ~ii i . ~li+-n +i ~iii ti -i t . + ni + -n -ii - -+i -i zi + i- +i i l+--i ti ni`
Ans. (a) 6.3 10
2
N-m (b) 90
55. Arectangular loop of sides 20 cm and 10 cmcarries a current of 5.0A. Auniformmagnetic field of magnitude
0.20 T exists parallel to the longer side of the loop. (a) What is the force acting on the loop? (b) What is the
torque acting on the loop?
(+ ~i-i+i n +i i i( 20 = ni ( 10 = ni t . :== 5.0Aiii ilt- ti ti t 0.20 T -i -i +i (+ =n
- -+i -i zi -l-i- t l=+i l<zii :=+i n-i i i + =ni-i - t (a) n nn ti n l+--i t ` (b) n
nn ti n ~ii i l+--i t `
Ans. (a) zero (b) 0.02 N-m parallel to the shorter side.
56. Acircular coil of radius 2.0 cm has 500 turns in it and carries a current of 1.0 A. Its axis makes an angle of
30 with the uniformmagnetic field to magnitude 0.40 T that exists in the space. Find the torque acting on the
coil.
(+ -ii+i n +i lzii 2.0 = ni -ii 500 + t . :=n 1.0Aiii ilt- ti ti t :=+i ~-i 0.40 T -i -i + =n
- -+i -i zi = 30 +i i -i-i t + ni nn- ini n ~ii i ai- +il
Ans. 0.13 N-m
57. Acircular loop carrying a current i has wire of total length L. Auniform magnetic field B exists parallel to the
plane of the loop. (a) Find the torque on the loop. (b) If the same length of the wire is used to form a square
loop, what would be the torque? Which is larger?
(+ -ii+i n = i iii ilt- ti ti t -ii :=+ -i +i + n n-i: L t n + -n + =ni-i - (+ =n - -+i
-i zi B-l-i- t (a) n n ~ii i ai- +il (b) l< :--i ti n-i: + -i = (+ ni +i n -ii i .
n~iii l+--i tini` +i -=i ~li+ t `
Ans. (a)
t 4
B iL
2
(b)
16
B iL
2
58. A square coil of edge having n turns carries a current i. It is kept on a smooth horizontal plate. A
uniform magnetic field B exists in a direction parallel to an edge. The total mass of the coil is M. What
should be the minimum value of B for which the coil will starts tipping over?
(+ ni +i n +i i i -ii + i +i =i n t. :=n i iii ilt- ti ti t t (+ l-+-i -i l- l+i
ii t ~i t (+ =n - -+i -i zi l=+i l<zii :=+i (+ i i + ~- l<zi t . -l-i- t + ni +i + n < ni-
M t B +i ---n ni- l+--i ti l+ +ni (+ l+-i = l-zi ti+ - -a- nn`
Ans.
nil 2
Mg
Chapter # 34 Magnetic Field
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manishkumarphysics.in
59. Consider a nonconducting ring of radius r and mass m which has a total charge q distributed uniformly
on it. The ring is rotated about its axis with an angular speed e. (a) Find the equivalent electric current
in the ring. (b) Find the magnetic of the ring. (c) Show that =

m 2
q
where is the angular momentum
of the ring about its axis of rotation.
(+ ~-in+ -ii+i n +i lzii r -ii < ni- m t . := + n q ~izi (+ =ni- = l-l- t n +i
~-i ~-i + l- e +i ii -in = i nii i-i t (a) + ni n - - iii ai- +il (b) + ni +i - -+i ~ii i
ai- +il (c) +- +il l+ =

m 2
q
, ti +ni +i :=+i ~-i + l- +i ii = n t
Ans. (a)
t
e
2
q
(b)
2
r q
2
e
60. Consider a nonconducting plate of radius r and mass m which has a charge q distributed uniformly over
it. The plate is rotated about its axis with an angular speed e. Show that the magnetic moment m and
the angular momentum of the plate are related as =

m 2
q
.
(+ +-in+ l+i +i lzii r -ii <ni- m t. := q ~i zi (+ =ni- = l-l- t l+i +i :=+i
~-i + l- e +i ii -in = i nii i-i t +- +il l+ l~+i +i +i ii = n -ii - -+i ~ii i n
- =--i =

m 2
q
t
61. Consider a solid sphere of radius r and mass m which has a charge q distributed uniformly over its
volume. speed e. Show that the magnetic moment and the angular momentum of the sphere are
related as

m 2
q
=
.
r lzii + (+ ai = ni n +i < ni- m t -ii := q ~i zi :=+ ~i-- n (+ =ni- = l-l- t ni n +i
:=+ i= + l- +i ii -in e = i nii i-i t +- +il l+ ni n +i +i ii = n -ii - -+i ~ii i
n = i

m 2
q
=
t