Huawei OptiX OSN 500&550&580 Feature Description (V100R007)

OptiX OSN 500/550/580
V100R007C10
Feature Description
Issue 01
Date 2013-12-30
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Copyright Huawei Teh!o"ogies Co., Lt#. $%&'. A"" rights reser(e#.
No part of tis !ocu"ent "a# $e repro!uce! or trans"itte! in an# for" or $# an# "eans %itout prior
%ritten consent of &ua%ei 'ecno(o)ies Co*+ ,t!*
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.(( oter tra!e"ar-s an! tra!e na"es "entione! in tis !ocu"ent are te propert# of teir respecti/e
o(!ers*
Notie
'e purcase! pro!ucts+ ser/ices an! features are stipu(ate! $# te contract "a!e $et%een &ua%ei an!
te custo"er* .(( or part of te pro!ucts+ ser/ices an! features !escri$e! in tis !ocu"ent "a# not $e
%itin te purcase scope or te usa)e scope* 0n(ess oter%ise specifie! in te contract+ a(( state"ents+
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.!!ress6 &ua%ei 2n!ustria( 7ase
7antian+ ,on))an)
Sen8en 518129
:eop(e;s Repu$(ic of Cina
<e$site6 ttp6//%%%*ua%ei*co"
5"ai(6 support=ua%ei*co"
Issue 01 (2013-12-30)
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei
Tehnologies Co!" #td!
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+eature ,esription -.out This ,ou/ent
About This Document
Related Versions
The following ta.le lists the produt 0ersions related to this dou/ent!
Product Name Version
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0 11002003C10
i4anager 52000 12002001C00
Intended Audience
This dou/ent desri.es the features and funtions of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent! To .e /ore
speifi" this dou/ent desri.es the .asi onepts" a0aila.ility" i/ple/entation priniple"
appliation" onfiguration" and trou.leshooting of these features and funtions!
This dou/ent is intended for7
Installation and o//issioning engineer
,ata onfiguration engineer
Symbol Conventions
The sy/.ols that /ay .e found in this dou/ent are defined as follows!
Symbol Description
Indiates a ha8ard with a high le0el of ris9" whih if not
a0oided" will result in death or serious in:ury!
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whih if not a0oided" ould result in /inor or /oderate
in:ury!
Indiates a potentially ha8ardous situation" whih if not
a0oided" ould result in e6uip/ent da/age" data loss"
perfor/ane degradation" or une;peted results!
Issue 01 (2013-12-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+eature ,esription -.out This ,ou/ent
Symbol Description
Indiates a tip that /ay help you sol0e a pro.le/ or sa0e
ti/e!
Pro0ides additional infor/ation to e/phasi8e or
supple/ent i/portant points of the /ain te;t!
GUI Conventions
The <5I on0entions that /ay .e found in this dou/ent are defined as follows!
Convention Description
Boldface =uttons" /enus" para/eters" ta.s" window" and dialog titles
are in boldface! +or e;a/ple" li9 OK!
> 4ulti-le0el /enus are in boldface and separated .y the ?>?
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Chane !istory
5pdates .etween dou/ent issues are u/ulati0e! Therefore" the latest dou/ent issue
ontains all updates /ade in pre0ious issues!
Updated in Issue "# $%"#&'#%'&"( )ased on
Product Version V#""R""*C#"
This dou/ent is the first release of the 11002003C10 0ersion!
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+eature ,esription Contents
Contents
About This Document+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ii
# Pac,et -eatures++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++#
1!1 4P#& =asis!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3
1!1!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3
1!1!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@
1!1!2!1 4P#& 'etwor9 -rhiteture!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@
1!1!2!2 #&P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(
1!1!2!3 =earer 4ode for 4P#& Pa9ets!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3
1!1!2!@ 4P#& #a.el!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*
1!1!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A
1!1!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10
1!1!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10
1!1!B Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12
1!2 PCD3 =asis!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@
1!2!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@
1!2!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(
1!2!2!1 PCD3 'etwor9 2eferene 4odel!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(
1!2!2!2 PCD3 Protool 2eferene 4odel!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B
1!2!2!3 PCD3 Dnapsulation +or/at!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13
1!2!2!@ 4&-PC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1A
1!2!2!( 1CC1!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!20
1!2!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!22
1!2!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!22
1!2!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!23
1!2!B Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2@
1!2!B!1 Pa9et +orwarding Proess of &&-PC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2@
1!2!B!2 Pa9et +orwarding Proess of 4&-PC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2(
1!3 -T4 PCD3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2B
1!3!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2B
1!3!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!23
1!3!2!1 -T4 '-to-$ne Cell Dnapsulation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!23
1!3!2!2 -T4 $ne-to-$ne Cell Dnapsulation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2A
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1!3!2!3 'u/.er of -T4 Cells Dnapsulated in PCD3 Pa9ets!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!31
1!3!2!@ Eo& of -T4 PCD3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!31
1!3!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!32
1!3!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@
1!3!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@
1!3!B Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@
1!3!3 Configuring -T4 PCD3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B
1!@ DTH PCD3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B
1!@!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B
1!@!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33
1!@!2!1 +or/at of an DTH PCD3 Pa9et!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33
1!@!2!2 &er0ie-,eli/iting Tag and PC Dnapsulation 4ode!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*
1!@!2!3 Eo& of DTH PCD3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@1
1!@!2!@ D-#ine &er0ies Carried on PCs!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@1
1!@!2!( D-#-' &er0ies Carried on PCs!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@(
1!@!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@A
1!@!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(0
1!@!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(0
1!@!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(2
1!@!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(3
1!@!* Configuring DTH PCD3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@
1!( T,4 PCD3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@
1!(!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@
1!(!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((
1!(!2!1 D1 +ra/e +or/at!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((
1!(!2!2 &-ToP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(B
1!(!2!3 CD&oP&'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(*
1!(!2!@ ,ata Fitter =uffer!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B0
1!(!2!( CD& -lar/ Trans/ission!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B1
1!(!2!B Clo9 2eo0ery &he/es of T,4 PCD3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3
1!(!2!3 Eo& of T,4 PCD3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B@
1!(!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B(
1!(!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B(
1!(!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BB
1!(!B Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BB
1!(!3 Configuring T,4 PCD3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3
1!B -T4 =asis!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3
1!B!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B*
1!B!2 =asi Conept!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B*
1!B!2!1 -rhiteture and Interfaes of an -T4 'etwor9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA
1!B!2!2 -T4 #in9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA
1!B!2!3 -T4 Connetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!30
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1!B!2!@ -T4 &withing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!32
1!B!2!( -T4 Protool 2eferene 4odel!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33
1!B!2!B -T4 Cell +or/at!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3(
1!B!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33
1!B!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33
1!B!( Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*
1!3 -T4 Traffi 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A
1!3!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A
1!3!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A
1!3!2!1 -T4 Traffi Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A
1!3!2!2 -T4 &er0ie Categories!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*1
1!3!2!3 -T4 Traffi Categories!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*2
1!3!2!@ -T4 Traffi Control &he/es!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*3
1!3!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*@
1!3!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*@
1!3!( Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(
1!3!B Configuring -T4 Traffi 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!**
1!3!B!1 Creating an -T4-,iff&er0 ,o/ain!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!**
1!3!B!2 4odifying an -T4-,iff&er0 ,o/ain!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*A
1!3!B!3 Creating an -T4 Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A0
1!3!B!@ 4odifying an -T4 Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A1
1!3!3 Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A2
1!3!3!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A2
1!3!3!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A@
1!3!* 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A(
1!3!A -T4 Traffi 4anage/ent Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A(
1!* -T4 $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A*
1!*!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A*
1!*!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AA
1!*!2!1 -T4 $-4 #e0els!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AA
1!*!2!2 &eg/ent and Dnd -ttri.utes and ,iretions of CPs!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!100
1!*!2!3 -T4 $-4 +untions!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!102
1!*!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@
1!*!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@
1!*!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@
1!*!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10(
1!*!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10B
1!*!3!1 -I&)2,I!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10B
1!*!3!2 CC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10*
1!*!3!3 #=!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10*
1!*!* Configuring the -T4 $-4 +untion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!110
1!*!*!1 Configuring &eg/ent and Dnd -ttri.utes for Conneting Points!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!110
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1!*!*!2 Perfor/ing a Continuity Che9 Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111
1!*!*!3 Configuring I,s for &peified #oop.a9 Points!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111
1!*!*!@ Perfor/ing an #= Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!112
1!*!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113
1!*!A!1 Case ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113
1!*!A!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11@
1!*!10 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11B
1!*!11 Para/eter ,esription7 -T4 $-4 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113
1!*!11!1 &eg/ent and Dnd -ttri.ute!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113
1!*!11!2 CC -ti0ate +lag!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11*
1!*!11!3 2e/ote Dnd #oop.a9 &tatus!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!120
1!*!11!@ ##I,!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!120
1!A I4-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!121
1!A!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!121
1!A!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!122
1!A!2!1 I4- Protool 2eferene 4odel!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!122
1!A!2!2 I4- $-4 Cells!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!123
1!A!2!3 I4- +ra/e +or/at!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12B
1!A!2!@ I4- Ti/ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12*
1!A!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A
1!A!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!130
1!A!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!130
1!A!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!131
1!A!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!132
1!10 4P#& $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133
1!10!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133
1!10!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13@
1!10!2!1 C1)++,!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13@
1!10!2!2 Tunnel ,efet Type!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B
1!10!2!3 =,I!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133
1!10!2!@ +,I!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13A
1!10!2!( Ping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@0
1!10!2!B Traeroute!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@1
1!10!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@1
1!10!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@2
1!10!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@2
1!10!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3
1!10!3 2eali8ation Priniple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@
1!10!* -ppliation of the 4P#& $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@B
1!10!A Configuring the 4P#& Tunnel $-4 +untion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3
1!10!A!1 Dna.ling the Tunnel $-4 +untion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3
1!10!A!2 &etting the Tunnel $-4 Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@*
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1!10!A!3 &tarting the C1)++, for a Tunnel!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@A
1!10!A!@ Perfor/ing an #&P Ping Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@A
1!10!A!( Perfor/ing an #&P Traeroute Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(0
1!10!10 Configuring the 4P#& PC $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(1
1!10!10!1 Dna.ling the $-4 of a PC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(1
1!10!10!2 &etting the $-4 Para/eters of a PC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(2
1!10!10!3 Perfor/ing a PC Ping Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(3
1!10!10!@ Perfor/ing a PC Traeroute Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(3
1!10!11 Configuration D;a/ple for the 4P#& Tunnel $-4 +untion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(@
1!10!11!1 Case ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(@
1!10!11!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1((
1!10!12 Configuration D;a/ple for the 4P#& PC $-4 +untion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(B
1!10!12!1 Case ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(B
1!10!12!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(3
1!10!13 Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(*
1!10!1@ 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B2
1!10!1( Para/eters for Configuring 4P#& Tunnels)PC $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B3
1!10!1(!1 $-4 Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B3
1!10!1(!2 PC $-4 Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B(
1!10!1(!3 Ping Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B*
1!10!1(!@ Traeroute Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!130
1!11 4P#&-TP $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!131
1!11!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!131
1!11!1!1 Introdution to 4P#&-TP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!131
1!11!1!2 Introdution to 4P#&-TP $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!132
1!11!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133
1!11!2!1 4P#&-TP $-4 Protool 4odel!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133
1!11!2!2 4P#&-TP $-4 P,5 +or/ats!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13@
1!11!2!3 4P#&-TP $-4 Co/ponents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13(
1!11!2!@ 4P#&-TP $-4 +untions!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13*
1!11!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1*2
1!11!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1*3
1!11!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1*3
1!11!B +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1*@
1!11!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1*B
1!11!3!1 CC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1*B
1!11!3!2 2,I!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1*3
1!11!3!3 -I&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1**
1!11!3!@ #=!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1*A
1!11!3!( #T!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1A0
1!11!3!B #4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1A2
1!11!3!3 ,4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1A3
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1!11!3!* C&+!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1A@
1!11!3!A T&T and #CG!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1A(
1!11!3!10 &/ooth 5pgrade fro/ 4P#& $-4 to 4P#&-TP $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1A*
1!11!* Configuration Proedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!200
1!11!A Configuring <lo.al $-4 Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!20B
1!11!10 Configuring 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!20B
1!11!10!1 &withing the Tunnel $-4 &tandard!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!20B
1!11!10!2 Configuring 4DPs of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!20*
1!11!10!3 Configuring 4IPs of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!20*
1!11!10!@ &tarting CC of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!20A
1!11!10!( Dna.ling -I& of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!210
1!11!10!B Perfor/ing #= of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!210
1!11!10!3 Configuring #CG of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!212
1!11!10!* Initiating T&T in 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!213
1!11!10!A Perfor/ing #4),4 of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!21@
1!11!10!10 Euerying the &tatus of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!21(
1!11!11 Configuring 4P#&-TP PC $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!21B
1!11!11!1 &withing the PC $-4 &tandard!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!21B
1!11!11!2 Configuring 4DPs of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!213
1!11!11!3 Configuring 4IPs of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!21*
1!11!11!@ &tarting CC of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!21*
1!11!11!( Perfor/ing #= of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!21A
1!11!11!B Configuring #CG of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!220
1!11!11!3 Initiali8ing T&T in 4P#&-TP PC $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!221
1!11!11!* Perfor/ing #4),4 of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!223
1!11!11!A Euerying the &tatus of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!22@
1!11!12 Configuration D;a/ple for 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!22@
1!11!12!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!22@
1!11!12!2 Configuration Proedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!22B
1!11!13 Configuration D;a/ple for 4P#&-TP PC $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!22*
1!11!13!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!22*
1!11!13!2 Configuration Proedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!230
1!11!1@ 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!232
1!11!1( 2elated Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!233
1!11!1(!1 4P#&-TP $-4H<lo.al $-4 Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!233
1!11!1(!2 Configuring 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4 Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!23@
1!11!1(!3 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4H4DP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!23B
1!11!1(!@ 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4H4IP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2@2
1!11!1(!( 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4H#=!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2@@
1!11!1(!B 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4HT&T!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2@B
1!11!1(!3 Configuring 4P#&-TP PC $-4 Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2@3
1!11!1(!* 4P#&-TP PC $-4H4DP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2@A
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1!11!1(!A 4P#&-TP PC $-4H4IP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2(B
1!11!1(!10 4P#&-TP PC $-4H#=!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2(*
1!11!1(!11 4P#&-TP PC $-4HT&T!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2(A
1!12 42P&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2B0
1!12!1 Introdution to 42P&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2B0
1!12!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2B3
1!12!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2B(
1!12!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2B(
1!12!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2B(
1!12!B +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2BB
1!12!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2B*
1!12!3!1 Continuity Che9 on 4P#&-TP 2ing 'etwor9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2B*
1!12!3!2 Protool &ta9 of 4P#&-TP 2ing 'etwor9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2BA
1!12!3!3 &er0ie Trans/ission on 4P#&-TP 2ing 'etwor9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!231
1!12!3!@ Protetion &withing on 4P#&-TP 2ing 'etwor9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!232
1!12!* -ppliation &enarios!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!23B
1!12!*!1 Point-to-Point Trans/ission Protetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!233
1!12!*!2 4ultiast &er0ie Protetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!233
1!12!A Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!23*
1!12!10 Creating an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2*3
1!12!11 =inding a Tunnel to an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2*(
1!12!12 Configuring Interseting 'odes for an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2*3
1!12!13 Che9ing the &tatus on an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2**
1!12!1@ Che9ing the Continuity on an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2*A
1!12!1( Creating a 1P#& &er0ie on an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2A1
1!12!1B 4igrating &er0ies to an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2A2
1!12!1B!1 4igrating Tunnel -P&-Proteted &er0ies to an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2A2
1!12!1B!2 4igrating 5nproteted &er0ies to an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2A3
1!12!13 Configuration D;a/ple of 4P#&-TP &ingle-2ing Protetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2A@
1!12!13!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2A@
1!12!13!2 Configuration Proedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2A*
1!12!1* Configuration D;a/ple of 4P#&-TP Interseting-2ing Protetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!302
1!12!1*!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!302
1!12!1*!2 Configuration Proedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!30*
1!12!1A 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!31@
1!12!20 Para/eters for Creating an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!31(
1!12!21 Para/eters for 4anaging an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!320
1!12!22 Para/eters for Che9ing the Continuity on an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!323
1!12!23 Para/eters for Creating a 1P#& &er0ie on an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!330
1!13 4#-PPP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33A
1!13!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33A
1!13!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@0
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1!13!2!1 Constitution of the PPP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@0
1!13!2!2 +or/at of a PPP +ra/e!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@1
1!13!2!3 +or/at of an 4#-PPP +ra/e!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@2
1!13!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@3
1!13!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@@
1!13!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@@
1!13!B +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@@
1!13!3 Priniples (#in9 Dsta.lish/ent Phase)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@(
1!13!3!1 #CP 'egotiation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@(
1!13!3!2 'CP 'egotiation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@B
1!13!* Priniples (,atagra/ =earing Phase)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@3
1!13!A Configuration Proedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@*
1!13!10 Configuring 4#-PPP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@A
1!13!10!1 Changing the D1 +ra/e +or/at and +ra/e 4ode for a Channeli8ed &T4-1!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@A
1!13!10!2 Creating &erial Ports!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3(0
1!13!10!3 &etting =asi -ttri.utes of &erial Ports!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3(0
1!13!10!@ Creating 4P <roups!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3(1
1!13!11 Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3(2
1!13!11!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3(2
1!13!11!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3(B
1!13!12 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B0
1!13!13 4#-PPP Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B1
1!13!13!1 Para/eters for Changing the D1 +ra/e +or/at and +ra/e 4ode for a Channeli8ed &T4-1!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B1
1!13!13!2 Para/eters for Creating and Configuring a &erial Interfae!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B2
1!13!13!3 Para/eters for Creating an 4P <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B3
1!1@ DTH $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B(
1!1@!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B(
1!1@!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B3
1!1@!2!1 Dthernet &er0ie $-4 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B3
1!1@!2!2 Dthernet &er0ie $-4 $perations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3BA
1!1@!2!3 Dthernet Port $-4 $perations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!332
1!1@!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33@
1!1@!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33B
1!1@!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!333
1!1@!B +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33*
1!1@!3 Priniples of Dthernet &er0ie $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*0
1!1@!3!1 IDDD *02!1ag $-4P,5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*0
1!1@!3!2 Continuity Che9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*1
1!1@!3!3 #oop.a9 Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*2
1!1@!3!@ #in9 Trae Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*3
1!1@!3!( Perfor/ane ,etetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*@
1!1@!* Priniples of Dthernet Port $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*3
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1!1@!*!1 IDDD *02!3ah $-4P,5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*3
1!1@!*!2 $-4 -uto-,iso0ery!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*A
1!1@!*!3 #in9 Perfor/ane 4onitoring!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A2
1!1@!*!@ +ault #oating!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A@
1!1@!*!( 2e/ote #oop.a9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A(
1!1@!*!B &elf-#oop Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3AB
1!1@!A Configuring Dthernet &er0ie $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A3
1!1@!A!1 Creating an 4,!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A3
1!1@!A!2 Creating an 4-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A*
1!1@!A!3 Creating an 4DP Point!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3AA
1!1@!A!@ Creating 2e/ote 4DPs in an 4-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@00
1!1@!A!( Creating an 4IP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@00
1!1@!A!B Perfor/ing a CC Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@01
1!1@!A!3 Perfor/ing an #= Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@02
1!1@!A!* Perfor/ing an #T Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@0@
1!1@!A!A -ti0ating the -I&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@0(
1!1@!A!10 4onitoring Perfor/ane!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@0B
1!1@!10 Configuring Dthernet Port $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@0B
1!1@!10!1 Dna.ling the $-4 -uto-,iso0ery +untion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@0B
1!1@!10!2 Dna.ling the #in9 D0ent 'otifiation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@03
1!1@!10!3 4odifying the $-4 Drror +ra/e 4onitoring Threshold!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@0*
1!1@!10!@ Perfor/ing a 2e/ote #oop.a9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@0A
1!1@!10!( Dna.ling &elf-#oop ,etetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@10
1!1@!11 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@11
1!1@!12 Para/eters for Configuring Dthernet &er0ie $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@11
1!1@!12!1 Dthernet &er0ie $-4 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@11
1!1@!12!2 &tarting #=!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@1@
1!1@!12!3 &tarting #T!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@1(
1!1@!13 Para/eters for Configuring Dthernet Port $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@1B
1!1@!13!1 $-4 Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@1B
1!1@!13!2 2e/ote $-4 Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@1*
1!1@!13!3 $-4 Drror +ra/e 4onitoring!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@1A
1!1( D2P&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@21
1!1(!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@21
1!1(!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@23
1!1(!2!1 Protetion Instane!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@23
1!1(!2!2 +,= +lush!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@2(
1!1(!2!3 Protetion Type!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@2*
1!1(!2!@ 2--P& Ti/er!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@2*
1!1(!2!( 2--P& 4essage!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@2A
1!1(!2!B &with Conditions!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@33
1!1(!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@3(
Copyright Huawei
;ii
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1!1(!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@3*
1!1(!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@3*
1!1(!B +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@3A
1!1(!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@0
1!1(!3!1 &ingle-ring 'etwor9 ('on-2P# +ailure)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@0
1!1(!3!2 &ingle-ring 'etwor9 (2P# +ailure)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@3
1!1(!3!3 4ulti-ring 'etwor9 (&u.-ring #in9 +ailure)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@(1
1!1(!* Configuration Proess (D2P& on a &ingle-ring 'etwor9)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@(3
1!1(!A Configuration Proess (D2P& on a 4ulti-ring 'etwor9)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@(A
1!1(!10 Configuration Proedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@B2
1!1(!10!1 Creating Dthernet 2ing Protetion Instanes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@B2
1!1(!10!2 &etting the Para/eters of Dthernet 2ing Protool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@B2
1!1(!10!3 &etting <lo.al D2P& Protool Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@B3
1!1(!10!@ Creating a 1irtual Channel 1#-' +orwarding Ta.le!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@B3
1!1(!11 Configuration D;a/ple7 &ingle-2ing 'etwor9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@B@
1!1(!11!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@B@
1!1(!11!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@BB
1!1(!12 Configuration D;a/ple7 4ulti-ring 'etwor9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@B3
1!1(!12!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@B3
1!1(!12!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@30
1!1(!13 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@33
1!1(!1@ Para/eters for Configuring D2P&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@33
1!1B Tunnel -P&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@3(
1!1B!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@3(
1!1B!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@33
1!1B!2!1 Protetion Type!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@33
1!1B!2!2 &withing Conditions!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@3*
1!1B!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@*0
1!1B!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@*1
1!1B!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@*1
1!1B!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@*2
1!1B!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@*@
1!1B!3!1 &ingle-Dnded &withing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@*@
1!1B!3!2 ,ual-Dnded &withing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@*B
1!1B!* Creating a Co-soured and Co-sin9ed Tunnel -P& Protetion <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@**
1!1B!A Creating a Co-soured Tunnel -P& Protetion <roup with ,ifferent &in9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@A0
1!1B!10 Configuration D;a/ple (Co-soured and Co-sin9ed Tunnel -P&)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@A2
1!1B!10!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@A2
1!1B!10!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@A3
1!1B!11 Configuration D;a/ple (Co-soured =ut 'ot-o-sin9ed Tunnel -P&)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@A@
1!1B!11!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@A@
1!1B!11!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(00
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1!1B!12 1erifying Tunnel -P&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(0(
1!1B!13 Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(0B
1!1B!1@ 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(0*
1!1B!1( Para/eters for Configuring Tunnel -P& (on a Per-'D =asis)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(0A
1!1B!1B Para/eters for Configuring Tunnel -P& (in Dnd-to-Dnd 4ode)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(11
1!13 PC -P&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(13
1!13!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(13
1!13!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(1(
1!13!2!1 Protetion Type!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(1(
1!13!2!2 &withing Conditions!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(1B
1!13!2!3 PC -P& =inding!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(13
1!13!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(1A
1!13!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(20
1!13!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(20
1!13!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(21
1!13!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(23
1!13!3!1 ,ual-Dnded &withing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(23
1!13!* Configuring PC -P&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(2(
1!13!*!1 Configuring a PC -P& Protetion <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(2(
1!13!*!2 Configuring a PC -P& &la0e Protetion Pair!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(2A
1!13!*!3 &tarting the PC -P& Protool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(32
1!13!*!@ Perfor/ing PC -P& D;ternal &withing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(32
1!13!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(33
1!13!A!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(33
1!13!A!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(3B
1!13!10 1erifying PC -P&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(3*
1!13!11 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(3A
1!13!12 Para/eters for Configuring PC -P& (on a Per-'D =asis)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@0
1!1* I<4P &nooping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@2
1!1*!1 Introdution to I<4P &nooping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@2
1!1*!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@3
1!1*!2!1 4ultiast Protool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@3
1!1*!2!2 I<4P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@@
1!1*!2!3 I<4P &nooping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@(
1!1*!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@3
1!1*!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@*
1!1*!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@*
1!1*!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(@A
1!1*!3 Priniple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((0
1!1*!* 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((1
1!1*!A Configuring the I<4P &nooping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((2
1!1*!A!1 &etting the I<4P &nooping Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((2
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1!1*!A!2 Configuring the 2oute 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((3
1!1*!A!3 Configuring the 2oute 4e/.er Port 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((@
1!1*!A!@ Configuring the Pa9et &tatistis!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((@
1!1*!10 Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(((
1!1*!10!1 'etwor9 ,iagra/!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((B
1!1*!10!2 &er0ie Planning!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((B
1!1*!10!3 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((*
1!1*!11 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((A
1!1*!12 Para/eter ,esription7 I<4P &nooping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((A
1!1*!12!1 Protool Configuration!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!((A
1!1*!12!2 2outer 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(B0
1!1*!12!3 2oute 4e/.er Port 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(B1
1!1*!12!@ Pa9et &tatistis!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(B2
1!1A #in9 -ggregation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(B3
1!1A!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(B3
1!1A!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(B@
1!1A!2!1 #-CP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(B@
1!1A!2!2 #in9 -ggregation Types!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(B(
1!1A!2!3 #oad &haring 4odes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(B(
1!1A!2!@ Port Types!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(BB
1!1A!2!( Priority!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(B3
1!1A!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(B3
1!1A!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(BA
1!1A!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(BA
1!1A!B +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(30
1!1A!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(3@
1!1A!3!1 #-< Dsta.lish/ent Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(3@
1!1A!3!2 #-< #in9 &witho0er and 2e0ersion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(3B
1!1A!* Creating an Dthernet #-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(33
1!1A!*!1 Creating a #-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(33
1!1A!*!2 &etting #-< Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(3*
1!1A!*!3 Euerying Port #-CP Pa9et &tatistis!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(3A
1!1A!*!@ 4odifying a #-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(*0
1!1A!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(*1
1!1A!A!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(*1
1!1A!A!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(*2
1!1A!10 1erifying a #-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(*3
1!1A!11 Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(*(
1!1A!12 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(**
1!1A!13 2ele0ant Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(*A
1!1A!13!1 #-< 4anage/entH#-< Creation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(*A
1!1A!13!2 #-< 4anage/entH#in9 -ggregation Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(A@
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1!20 4C-#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(A(
1!20!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(A(
1!20!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(AB
1!20!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(A3
1!20!@ Trigger Conditions!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(A*
1!20!( 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(A*
1!20!B -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(A*
1!20!3 ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(AA
1!20!* Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B00
1!20!A Configuration Proedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B02
1!20!10 Configuring 4C-#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B0@
1!20!10!1 Creating 4C&P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B0@
1!20!10!2 Configuring 4C-#-<s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B0(
1!20!11 4aintaining an 4C-#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B0(
1!20!11!1 4odifying and ,eleting 4C&P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B0(
1!20!11!2 4odifying and ,eleting 4C-#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B0B
1!20!12 Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B03
1!20!12!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B03
1!20!12!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B0A
1!20!13 -lar/s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B10
1!20!1@ Para/eter ,esription7 4C-#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B11
1!20!1@!1 4C-#-<HCreate Cross-D6uip/ent #in9 -ggregation <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B11
1!20!1@!2 4C-#-<HCreate Cross-D6uip/ent &ynhroni8ation Protool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B12
1!21 #PT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B13
1!21!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B13
1!21!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B1@
1!21!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B1(
1!21!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B1B
1!21!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B1B
1!21!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B13
1!21!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B1A
1!21!3!1 #PT &tate Transition!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B1A
1!21!3!2 Point-to-Point #PT &withing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B20
1!21!3!3 Point-to-4ultipoint #PT &withing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B22
1!21!* Configuring #PT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B23
1!21!*!1 Configuring Point-to-Point #PT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B23
1!21!*!2 Configuring Point-to-4ultipoint #PT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B23
1!21!A 1erifying #PT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B2A
1!21!10 Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B30
1!21!11 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B32
1!21!12 #PT Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B32
1!22 4&-PC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B33
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1!22!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B33
1!22!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3A
1!22!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3A
1!22!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B@0
1!22!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B@0
1!22!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B@1
1!22!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B@2
1!22!* Configuring 4&-PCs!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B@3
1!22!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B@(
1!22!A!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B@(
1!22!A!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B@3
1!22!10 1erifying 4&-PCs!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B@A
1!22!11 2ele0ant -lar/s and Perfor/ane D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B(1
1!22!12 4&-PC Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B(2
1!23 4&TP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B(*
1!23!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B(*
1!23!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BB2
1!23!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BB(
1!23!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BBB
1!23!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BBB
1!23!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BB3
1!23!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BB3
1!23!* Configuring 4&TP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B31
1!23!*!1 Creating the 4&TP Port <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B31
1!23!*!2 &etting the =ridge Para/eters of the 4&TP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B32
1!23!*!3 &etting the Para/eters of the CI&T!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B33
1!23!*!@ Changing the &panning Tree Protool 5sed .y the Port <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3@
1!23!*!( Dna.ling),isa.ling the 4&TP Protool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3@
1!23!*!B Euerying the CI&T 2unning Infor/ation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3(
1!23!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3B
1!23!A!1 Case ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3B
1!23!A!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B33
1!23!10 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3A
1!23!11 Para/eter ,esription7 4&TP Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3A
1!23!11!1 4&TP Port Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3A
1!23!11!2 4&TP =ridge Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B3A
1!23!11!3 CI&T Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B*@
1!2@ P2=&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B*B
1!2@!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B*B
1!2@!2 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B*B
1!2@!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B*B
1!2@!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B*B
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1!2@!( +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B*3
1!2@!B Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!B*3
1!2@!3 Perfor/ing a P2=& Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA0
1!2@!* Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA2
1!2@!*!1 Case ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA2
1!2@!*!2 Configuring a P2=& Test in the 5'I ,iretion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA3
1!2@!A 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA@
1!2( EinE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA@
1!2(!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA@
1!2(!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA(
1!2(!2!1 +ra/e +or/at!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA(
1!2(!2!2 'etwor9 -ttri.ute!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA3
1!2(!2!3 EinE-=ased D-#ine &er0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BA3
1!2(!2!@ D-#-' &er0ies =ased on *02!1ad =ridge!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!301
1!2(!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!303
1!2(!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!303
1!2(!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!30@
1!2(!B Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!30(
1!2(!3 Configuring EinE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!303
1!2(!* 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!303
1!2B Eo&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!303
1!2B!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!303
1!2B!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!30*
1!2B!2!1 Eo& 2e6uire/ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!30A
1!2B!2!2 ,iff&er0!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!310
1!2B!2!3 Traffi Classifiation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!312
1!2B!2!@ C-2!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!313
1!2B!2!( Traffi &haping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!31@
1!2B!2!B Eueue &heduling!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!31B
1!2B!2!3 Eo& 4odel!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!31A
1!2B!2!* Congestion 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!32@
1!2B!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!32@
1!2B!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!32B
1!2B!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!32B
1!2B!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!323
1!2B!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!330
1!2B!3!1 C-2!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!331
1!2B!3!2 Traffi &haping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!332
1!2B!* Configuring the Eo& +eature!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33@
1!2B!*!1 Creating a ,& ,o/ain!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33@
1!2B!*!2 Creating a Port Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!333
1!2B!*!3 Configuring the Port C2D, Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33A
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1!2B!*!@ Creating the 1-5'I Ingress Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@0
1!2B!*!( Creating a Traffi +low!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@1
1!2B!*!B Configuring Port &haping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@2
1!2B!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@3
1!2B!A!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@3
1!2B!A!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@@
1!2B!10 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@B
1!2B!11 Eo& Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@3
1!2B!11!1 ,iffser0 ,o/ain 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@3
1!2B!11!2 Port Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3@*
1!2B!11!3 Para/eters for Configuring a Port C2D, Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3((
1!2B!11!@ 1-5'I Ingress Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3(B
1!23 HEo&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B0
1!23!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B0
1!23!1!1 Introdution to Eo&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B0
1!23!1!2 Introdution to HEo&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B1
1!23!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B2
1!23!2!1 HEo& 2e6uire/ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B2
1!23!2!2 ,iff&er0!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B3
1!23!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3B*
1!23!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!330
1!23!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!330
1!23!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!331
1!23!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!332
1!23!3!1 Proessing &e6uene of HEo& Tehni6ues on 'etwor9 D6uip/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!332
1!23!3!2 Traffi Classifiation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!332
1!23!3!3 Traffi Poliing (C-2)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!33@
1!23!3!@ Congestion -0oidane (,ropping Poliies)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!333
1!23!3!( Congestion 4anage/ent (Eueue &heduling)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*0
1!23!3!B Traffi &haping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*3
1!23!* I/ple/entation of HEo& on D6uip/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3*(
1!23!A Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A2
1!23!10 Configuring the Eo& +eature!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A*
1!23!10!1 Creating a ,& ,o/ain!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3A*
1!23!10!2 4odifying the 4apping 2elationships for the ,& ,o/ain!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*00
1!23!10!3 Changing the Ports -pplied to a ,& ,o/ain and Their Trusted Pa9et Types!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*01
1!23!10!@ Creating a Port Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*03
1!23!10!( 4odifying the Port Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*0(
1!23!10!B Creating a Traffi +low!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*0B
1!23!10!3 &etting the Port That 5ses the Port Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*03
1!23!10!* Creating a Port C2D, Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*0A
1!23!10!A Creating a &er0ie C2D, Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*10
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1!23!10!10 Creating a C+E Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*10
1!23!10!11 Creating a 1-5'I Ingress Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*11
1!23!10!12 Creating a 1-5'I Dgress Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*12
1!23!10!13 Creating a 1-5'I <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*13
1!23!10!1@ Creating a PC Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*1@
1!23!10!1( Creating a EinE Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*1(
1!23!10!1B -pplying poliies for Dthernet ser0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*1B
1!23!10!13 Configuring Port &haping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*13
1!23!10!1* Configuring =andwidth #i/itation for Tunnels!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*13
1!23!10!1A Configuring =andwidth #i/itation for PCs!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*1*
1!23!10!20 Configuring =andwidth #i/itation for EinE #in9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*1*
1!23!11 2ele0ant -lar/s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*1A
1!23!12 2ele0ant Perfor/ane D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*1A
1!23!13 Eo& Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*1A
1!23!13!1 Eo&H,iff&er0 ,o/ain 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*1A
1!23!13!2 Eo&HPort Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*23
1!23!13!3 Eo&HPort PoliyHTraffi Classifiation Configuration!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*2(
1!23!13!@ Eo&H1-5'I Ingress Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*23
1!23!13!( 1-5'I Ingress PoliyHTraffi Classifiation Configuration!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*23
1!23!13!B Eo&H1-5'I Dgress Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*33
1!23!13!3 Eo&HPC Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*3(
1!23!13!* Eo&HEinE Poliy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*33
1!23!13!A Eo&HC+E &heduling PoliyHCreate!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*3*
1!23!13!10 Eo&H&er0ie C2D, PoliyHCreate!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*3A
1!23!13!11 Eo&HPort C2D, PoliyHCreate!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*@0
1!23!13!12 Eo&HPort &haping 4anage/entHCreation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*@1
1!23!13!13 Eo&HDthernet &er0ie 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*@2
1!23!13!1@ Eo&H1-5'I <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*@B
1!2* 24$'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*@3
1!2*!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*@3
1!2*!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*@3
1!2*!2!1 &'4P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*@3
1!2*!2!2 24$' 4anage/ent <roups!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*@*
1!2*!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(0
1!2*!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(1
1!2*!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(1
1!2*!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(2
1!2*!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(3
1!2*!* Configuring the 24$' +untion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(@
1!2*!*!1 =rowsing the Perfor/ane ,ata in the &tatistis <roup of an Dthernet Port!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*((
1!2*!*!2 =rowsing the Perfor/ane ,ata in the History <roup of an Dthernet Port!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*((
1!2*!*!3 Configuring a History Control <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(B
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1!2*!*!@ Configuring an -lar/ <roup for an Dthernet Port!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(3
1!2*!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(3
1!2*!A!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(3
1!2*!A!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(*
1!2A #ayer 2 &withing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(A
1!2A!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*(A
1!2A!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*B0
1!2A!2!1 =ridge!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*B0
1!2A!2!2 *02!1, =ridge-.ased D-#-' &er0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*B2
1!2A!2!3 *02!1E =ridge-.ased D-#-' &er0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*B3
1!2A!2!@ *02!1ad =ridge-.ased D-#-' &er0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*B@
1!2A!2!( D-#-' &er0ies Carried .y PCs!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*BB
1!2A!2!B 1P#&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*30
1!2A!2!3 &plit Hori8on <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*30
1!2A!2!* 4-C -ddress Ta.le 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*31
1!2A!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*31
1!2A!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*33
1!2A!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*3@
1!2A!B +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*3(
1!2A!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*3B
1!2A!* Configuration Proedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*33
1!2A!*!1 Configuration Proedure (IDDD *02!1d =ridge-=ased D-#-' &er0ies)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*3*
1!2A!*!2 Configuration Proedure (IDDD *02!16 =ridge-=ased D-#-' &er0ies)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!**2
1!2A!*!3 Configuration Proedure (IDDD *02!1ad =ridge-=ased D-#-' &er0ies)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!**B
1!2A!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*A0
1!2A!10 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*A0
1!30 &/art #ine =oard &olution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*A0
1!30!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*A1
1!30!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*A3
1!30!2!1 PI, Tehnology!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*A3
1!30!2!2 &/art Tehnology!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*A@
1!30!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*A(
1!30!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*AB
1!30!( Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*AB
1!30!(!1 Priniples of H5'&3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*AB
1!30!(!2 Priniples of H5',2!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A01
1!30!B Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A0B
1!30!3 Configuring &er0ies on a &/art #ine =oard!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A0B
1!30!3!1 Configuring C,4 Interfaes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A0B
1!30!3!2 &earhing for C,4 Trails!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A03
1!30!3!3 Configuring 1irtual Interfaes and 4apping on a Per-'D =asis!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A0*
1!30!3!@ Configuring 1irtual Interfaes and 4apping in Dnd-to-end 4ode!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A12
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1!30!* 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A13
1!31 Pa9et-.ased linear 4&P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A13
1!31!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A13
1!31!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A1@
1!31!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A1*
1!31!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A1*
1!31!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A1*
1!31!B +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A1A
1!31!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A1A
1!31!* Creating Pa9et-=ased #inear 4&P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A21
1!31!A 1erifying Pa9et-=ased #inear 4&P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A22
1!31!10 Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A23
1!31!10!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A23
1!31!10!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A2@
1!31!11 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A2(
1!31!12 Para/eters for Configuring a #inear 4&P Protetion <roup on the Pa9et Plane!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A2B
1!32 Port 4irroring!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A2A
1!32!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A2A
1!32!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A30
1!32!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A30
1!32!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A31
1!32!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A31
1!32!B +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A32
1!32!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A33
1!32!* Configuring #oal 4irror &er0ie!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A3(
1!32!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A3B
1!32!A!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A3B
1!32!A!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A33
1!32!10 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A3*
1!32!11 Para/eters for Configuring a Port 4irroring Dntry!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A3*
% TD. -eatures++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++/&/
2!1 DTH-$-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A@1
2!1!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A@1
2!1!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A@2
2!1!2!1 Position of $-4 in the 'etwor9 4odel!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A@2
2!1!2!2 IDDD *02!1ag $-4 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A@3
2!1!2!3 IDDD *02!3ah $-4 $perations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A@B
2!1!3 -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A@*
2!1!@ Priniples of IDDD *02!1ag $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A@A
2!1!@!1 IDDD *02!1ag $-4P,5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A@A
2!1!@!2 Continuity Che9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A(1
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2!1!@!3 #oop.a9 Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A(2
2!1!@!@ #in9 Trae Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A(2
2!1!@!( $-4HPing Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A(@
2!1!( Priniples of IDDD *02!3ah $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A(@
2!1!(!1 IDDD *02!3ah $-4P,5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A(@
2!1!(!2 $-4 -uto-,iso0ery!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A(B
2!1!(!3 #in9 Perfor/ane 4onitoring!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A(A
2!1!(!@ +ault #oating!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AB1
2!1!(!( 2e/ote #oop.a9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AB2
2!1!(!B &elf-#oop Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AB3
2!1!B 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AB@
2!1!B!1 $0er0iew!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AB@
2!1!B!2 -ppliation of IDDD *02!1ag $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AB(
2!1!B!3 -ppliation of IDDD *02!3ah $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AB*
2!1!3 Configuring IDDD *02!1ag $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AB*
2!1!3!1 Creating an 4,!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AB*
2!1!3!2 Creating an 4-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!ABA
2!1!3!3 Creating 4Ps!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A30
2!1!3!@ Perfor/ing a Continuity Che9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A31
2!1!3!( Perfor/ing a #oop.a9 Che9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A32
2!1!3!B Perfor/ing a #in9 Trae Che9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A3@
2!1!3!3 Perfor/ing a Ping Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A3(
2!1!3!* Perfor/ing Perfor/ane ,etetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A3B
2!1!* Configuring IDDD *02!3ah $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A33
2!1!*!1 Dna.ling the -uto-,iso0ery +untion of IDDD *02!3ah $-4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A33
2!1!*!2 Configuring the 2e/ote -lar/ &upport for #in9 D0ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A3*
2!1!*!3 &etting $-4 Drror +ra/e 4onitoring Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A3A
2!1!*!@ Configuring the 2e/ote #oop.a9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A*0
2!1!*!( Configuring the &elf-#oop ,etetion and the #oop Port &hutdown!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A*1
2!1!A Trou.leshooting for the #= Test +ailure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A*2
2!1!10 2ele0ant -lar/s and Perfor/ane D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A*(
2!1!11 DTH $-4 Configuration Para/eters (*02!1ag)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A*(
2!1!11!1 DTH $-4 Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A*(
2!1!11!2 #=)#T Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A*3
2!1!11!3 Ping Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!A*A
2!1!11!@ Perfor/ane ,etet!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AA0
2!1!12 DTH $-4 Configuration Para/eters (*02!3ah)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AA1
2!1!12!1 $-4 Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AA1
2!1!12!2 2e/ote $-4 Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AA2
2!1!12!3 $-4 Drror +ra/e 4onitoring!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AA3
2!2 I<4P &nooping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AAB
2!2!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AAB
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;;iii
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2!2!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AA3
2!2!2!1 4ultiast Protool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AA3
2!2!2!2 I<4P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AA*
2!2!2!3 I<4P &nooping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!AAA
2!2!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1001
2!2!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1002
2!2!( Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1002
2!2!B 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1003
2!2!3 Configuring the I<4P &nooping Protool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!100@
2!2!3!1 Dna.ling the I<4P &nooping Protool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!100@
2!2!3!2 &etting the -ging Ti/e for the 4ultiast 2outer Port!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!100(
2!2!3!3 Euerying the 4ultiast 2outer Port!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!100(
2!2!3!@ Euerying the 4ultiast Ta.le Ite/!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!100B
2!2!* 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1003
2!2!A I<4P &nooping Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!100*
2!2!A!1 Dna.ling I<4P &nooping Protool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!100*
2!2!A!2 4ultiast Ta.le Ite/!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!100A
2!2!A!3 4ultiast 2outer Port 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!100A
2!2!A!@ -ging Ti/e of a 4ultiast <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1010
2!3 #-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1011
2!3!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1011
2!3!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1012
2!3!2!1 #-< Types!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1012
2!3!2!2 #-CP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1012
2!3!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!101@
2!3!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!101@
2!3!( Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!101@
2!3!B Configuring an Dthernet #-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!101B
2!3!B!1 Creating a #-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!101B
2!3!B!2 Euerying #in9 -ggregation Ports and -ggregation &tatus!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!101*
2!3!B!3 4odifying a #-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!101*
2!3!3 Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!101A
2!3!3!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!101A
2!3!3!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1020
2!3!* 1erifying the #-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1021
2!3!A Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1023
2!3!10 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!102@
2!3!11 #-< Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!102@
2!@ ,#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1023
2!@!1 Introdution to ,#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1023
2!@!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!102*
2!@!2!1 2e0erti0e 4ode!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!102A
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2!@!2!2 Priority!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!102A
2!@!2!3 #-CP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1030
2!@!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1032
2!@!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1032
2!@!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1033
2!@!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1033
2!@!3 Priniple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!103@
2!@!* Configuring an Dthernet ,#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!103(
2!@!*!1 Creating a ,#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!103B
2!@!*!2 Configuring the &yste/ Priority and Port Priority of a ,#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!103B
2!@!*!3 Euerying Infor/ation -.out a ,#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1033
2!@!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!103*
2!@!A!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!103*
2!@!A!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!103*
2!@!10 1erifying a ,#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!103A
2!@!11 Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@0
2!@!12 2ele0ant -lar/s and Perfor/ane D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@1
2!@!13 Para/eter ,esription7 Configuring a ,#-<!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@2
2!( #C-&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@@
2!(!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@@
2!(!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@(
2!(!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@B
2!(!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@B
2!(!( Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@B
2!(!(!1 ,yna/i =andwidth Inrease!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@3
2!(!(!2 ,yna/i =andwidth ,erease!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@3
2!(!(!3 ,eletion of +ailed 4e/.ers!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@*
2!(!(!@ 2estoration of +ailed 4e/.ers!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@A
2!(!B 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@A
2!(!B!1 ,yna/i =andwidth -d:ust/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10@A
2!(!B!2 Protetion of 1irtual Conatenation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10(0
2!(!3 Configuring #C-&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10(1
2!(!* Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10(3
2!(!*!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10(3
2!(!*!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10(@
2!(!A 1erifying the #C-&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10((
2!(!10 Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10(3
2!(!11 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10B0
2!(!12 #C-& Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10B1
2!B #PT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10B3
2!B!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10B3
2!B!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10B@
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2!B!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10B(
2!B!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10B(
2!B!( Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10B(
2!B!(!1 #PT Priniple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10B(
2!B!(!2 #PT =earer 4ode!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10B3
2!B!(!3 #PT &tate 4igration!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1031
2!B!(!@ #PT -nti-Fitter Proessing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1032
2!B!B 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1033
2!B!B!1 Point-to-Point #PT -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1033
2!B!B!2 Point-to-4ultipoint #PT -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!103(
2!B!3 Configuring #PT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!103A
2!B!3!1 Configuring Point-to-Point #PT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!103A
2!B!3!2 Configuring Point-to-4ultipoint #PT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10*0
2!B!* 1erifying the #PT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10*2
2!B!A 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10*3
2!B!10 #PT Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10*3
2!3 #inear 4&P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10*(
2!3!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10*(
2!3!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10*3
2!3!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10A0
2!3!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10A1
2!3!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10A1
2!3!B +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10A3
2!3!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10A@
2!3!* 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10A3
2!3!A Configuring the #inear 4&P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10A*
2!3!10 Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1100
2!3!10!1 Case ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1100
2!3!10!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1101
2!3!11 1erifying the #inear 4&P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1103
2!3!12 Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!110@
2!3!13 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!110B
2!3!1@ Para/eters for Configuring 4ultiple; &etion Protetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!110B
2!* P2=&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!110*
2!*!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!110*
2!*!2 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!110A
2!*!3 -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!110A
2!*!@ Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1110
2!*!( Perfor/ing a P2=& Test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1113
2!*!B Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111@
2!*!B!1 Case ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111@
2!*!B!2 Configuring the P2=& Test in the Tri.utary ,iretion Initiated .y the Tri.utary =oard!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111(
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2!*!B!3 Configuring the P2=& Test in the Cross-Connet ,iretion Initiated .y the Tri.utary =oard!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111B
2!*!3 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111*
2!A EinE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111*
2!A!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111*
2!A!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111A
2!A!2!1 1#-' 'esting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111A
2!A!2!2 Types of 1#-' Tags!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111A
2!A!2!3 &trutures of the &-1#-' and C-1#-' Tags!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1120
2!A!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1121
2!A!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1121
2!A!( Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1122
2!A!(!1 Co//on Tagging $perations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1122
2!A!(!2 -ttri.utes of EinE-&upporting Ports!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!112(
2!A!(!3 Co//on &er0ie +orwarding &enarios!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!112(
2!A!(!@ 2eali8ation Proess of EinE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!112A
2!A!B 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1130
2!A!3 Configuring the EinE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1131
2!A!3!1 Configuring D;ternal Ports on Dthernet =oards!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1131
2!A!3!2 Configuring Internal Ports on Dthernet =oards!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1133
2!A!3!3 Creating D1P# (EinE) &er0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113(
2!A!3!@ Configuring =ound Paths!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113B
2!A!3!( Creating &,H &er0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1133
2!A!* Dthernet Port Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113*
2!A!*!1 =asi -ttri.utes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113*
2!A!*!2 +low Control!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11@1
2!A!*!3 'etwor9 -ttri.utes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11@3
2!A!*!@ -d0aned -ttri.utes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11@(
2!A!*!( T-< -ttri.utes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11@A
2!A!*!B Dnapsulation)4apping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11(@
2!A!*!3 =ound Path!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11(3
2!A!A Dthernet &er0ie Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11(*
2!A!A!1 Configuring Dthernet Pri0ate #ine &er0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11(A
2!A!A!2 Configuring Dthernet Pri0ate 'etwor9 &er0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11B*
2!10 Eo&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113@
2!10!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113@
2!10!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113(
2!10!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113B
2!10!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113B
2!10!( Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1133
2!10!(!1 Traffi Classifiation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1133
2!10!(!2 Traffi Poliing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!113*
2!10!(!3 Congestion -0oidane!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11*0
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2!10!(!@ Co&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11*1
2!10!(!( Traffi &haping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11*1
2!10!(!B Dgress Port <roo/ing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11*2
2!10!B 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11*(
2!10!3 Configuring Eo&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11*3
2!10!3!1 Configuring the +low Classifiation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11*3
2!10!3!2 Configuring the C-2!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11**
2!10!3!3 Configuring the Co&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11*A
2!10!3!@ Configuring the Port &haping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11A0
2!10!3!( Configuring the =inding =etween a +low and the C-2)Co&)&haping!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11A0
2!10!* Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11A1
2!10!*!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11A1
2!10!*!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11A2
2!10!A 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11A3
2!10!10 Para/eter ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11A@
2!10!10!1 Configuring a +low!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11A@
2!10!10!2 Configuring a C-2!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11AB
2!10!10!3 Configuring a Co& &he/e!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11A3
2!10!10!@ &haping 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11AA
2!11 24$'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1201
2!11!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1201
2!11!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1202
2!11!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1202
2!11!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1203
2!11!( 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1203
2!11!B Configuring the 24$'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!120@
2!11!B!1 Che9ing the Perfor/ane ,ata of the History <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!120@
2!11!B!2 Che9ing the Perfor/ane ,ata of the &tatistis <roup!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!120(
2!11!3 Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!120(
2!11!3!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!120(
2!11!3!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1203
2!12 2ing 4&P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!120*
2!12!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!120*
2!12!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1210
2!12!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1212
2!12!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1213
2!12!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1213
2!12!B Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!121@
2!12!3 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!121B
2!12!* Configuring the 2ing 4&P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1213
2!12!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1220
2!12!A!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1220
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2!12!A!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1220
2!12!10 1erifying the 2ing 4&P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1223
2!12!11 Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!122@
2!12!12 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!122B
2!12!13 Para/eters for Configuring the 2ing 4ultiple; &etion Protetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!122B
2!13 &'CP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!122*
2!13!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!122*
2!13!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!122A
2!13!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1230
2!13!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1231
2!13!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1231
2!13!B Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1233
2!13!3 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!123@
2!13!* Configuring the &'CP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!123(
2!13!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!123B
2!13!A!1 Case ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!123B
2!13!10 1erifying the &'CP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12@1
2!13!11 Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12@3
2!13!12 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12@(
2!13!13 &'CP Configuration!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12@(
2!1@ &TP and 2&TP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12@B
2!1@!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12@B
2!1@!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12@3
2!1@!3 -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12(0
2!1@!@ Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12(0
2!1@!@!1 &TP -lgorith/!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12(1
2!1@!@!2 &TP -lgorith/ D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12(2
2!1@!@!3 I/pro0e/ent in the 2&TP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12((
2!1@!( 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12(B
2!1@!B Configuring the &panning Tree!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12(3
2!1@!3 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12(*
2!1@!* &TP)2&TP Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12(*
2!1@!*!1 Protool 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12(*
2!1@!*!2 Configuring a 1=!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12(A
2!1@!*!3 Port $peration and 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12B2
2!1( ,ata Test +ra/e!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12B3
2!1(!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12B3
2!1(!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12B3
2!1(!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12B*
2!1(!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12B*
2!1(!( 'etwor9ing and -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12BA
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2!1(!B Configuring Test +ra/es!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1230
2!1(!3 Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1231
2!1(!* 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1232
2!1(!A Test +ra/e Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1232
2!1B #ayer 2 &withing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!123@
2!1B!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!123@
2!1B!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!123(
2!1B!2!1 =ridge!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!123(
2!1B!2!2 *02!1, =ridge-.ased DP#-' &er0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!123A
2!1B!2!3 *02!1E =ridge-.ased D1P#-' &er0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12*0
2!1B!2!@ *02!1ad =ridge-.ased D1P#-' &er0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12*1
2!1B!2!( 4-C -ddress Ta.le 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12*3
2!1B!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12*@
2!1B!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12*@
2!1B!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12*(
2!1B!B Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12*(
2!1B!3 Configuration Proedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12*3
2!1B!3!1 Configuration Proedure (IDDD *02!1d =ridge-=ased DP#-' &er0ies)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12**
2!1B!3!2 Configuration Proedure (IDDD *02!16 and *02!1ad =ridge-=ased D1P#-' &er0ies)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A0
2!1B!* Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A3
2!1B!A 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A3
2!13 Port 4irroring!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A3
2!13!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A@
2!13!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A@
2!13!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A(
2!13!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A(
2!13!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A(
2!13!B +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12AB
2!13!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12AB
2!13!* Configuring Port 4irroring!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A3
2!13!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A*
2!13!A!1 D;a/ple ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!12A*
2!13!10 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1300
2!13!11 Para/eters for Configuring a Port 4irroring Dntry!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1300
& Cloc, -eatures++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++#&"#
3!1 Physial #ayer Clo9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1301
3!1!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1301
3!1!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1302
3!1!2!1 Clo9 &ynhroni8ation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1303
3!1!2!2 &&4 Protool and Clo9 I,!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!130@
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3!1!2!3 Clo9 Protetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!130(
3!1!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1312
3!1!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1312
3!1!( +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1313
3!1!B Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1313
3!1!3 Configuring Clo9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!131*
3!1!3!1 Clo9 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!131*
3!1!3!2 Configuring the 'D Clo9 &oure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!131A
3!1!3!3 Configuring the Clo9 &oure Protetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1320
3!1!3!@ Configuring &withing Conditions for Clo9 &oures!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1321
3!1!3!( Configuring the Clo9 &oure 2e0ersion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1321
3!1!3!B Configuring the Phase-#o9ed &oure for D;ternal Clo9 $utput!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1322
3!1!3!3 &etting the Clo9 &oure Euality!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1323
3!1!3!* Configuring the &&4 $utput!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!132@
3!1!3!A 1iewing Clo9 &ynhroni8ation &tatus!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!132(
3!1!3!10 Euerying the Clo9 Trae &tatus!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!132(
3!1!3!11 Che9ing the Clo9 &withing &tatus!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!132B
3!1!3!12 &withing a Clo9 &oure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!132B
3!1!3!13 Configuring the +re6ueny $ffset ,etetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1323
3!1!* Configuring Clo9s Chen the &&4 Protool Is ,isa.led!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1323
3!1!*!1 Case ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!132*
3!1!*!2 Configuring Clo9s Chen 'o D;ternal D6uip/ent Is -0aila.le!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!132A
3!1!*!3 Configuring Clo9s Chen $ne &et of D;ternal Clo9 D6uip/ent Is -0aila.le!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1330
3!1!A Configuring Clo9s Chen the &&4 Protool Is Dna.led!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1330
3!1!A!1 Case ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1331
3!1!A!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1332
3!1!10 Configuring Clo9s Chen the D;tended &&4 Protool Is Dna.led!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1333
3!1!10!1 Case ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1333
3!1!10!2 Configuring a 2ing 'etwor9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133(
3!1!10!3 Configuring a #ong Trans/ission Chain!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133B
3!1!11 2elated -lar/s and Perfor/ane D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133*
3!1!12 Clo9 Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133*
3!1!12!1 4anaging D;ternal Clo9 &oures!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133*
3!1!12!2 Configuring Clo9 Protetion and 2estoration!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13@1
3!1!12!3 Clo9 Euality and &tatus 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13@@
3!1!13 2eti/ing 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13@(
3!2 &ynhronous Dthernet Clo9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13@B
3!2!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13@B
3!2!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13(0
3!2!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13(1
3!2!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13(1
3!2!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13(2
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3!2!B ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13(3
3!2!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13(B
3!2!3!1 Protool ,ata 5nit of the &ynhronous Dthernet Clo9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13(B
3!2!3!2 Proess for 2eali8ing the &ynhronous Dthernet Clo9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13(*
3!2!* Configuring &ynhronous Dthernet Clo9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13(A
3!2!*!1 Configuring 'D Clo9 &oures!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13(A
3!2!*!2 Configuring Protetion for Clo9 &oures!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B0
3!2!A Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B1
3!2!A!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B1
3!2!A!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B2
3!2!10 1erifying &ynhronous Dthernet Clo9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B3
3!2!11 Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B@
3!2!12 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B(
3!3 IDDD 1(**02!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B(
3!3!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B(
3!3!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B3
3!3!2!1 IDDD 1(**02 Clo9 -rhiteture!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B3
3!3!2!2 Clo9 ,o/ain and Clo9 I, in IDDD 1(**02!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13B*
3!3!2!3 D;ternal Ti/e Interfae!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13BA
3!3!2!@ ,elay Co/pensation of IDDD 1(**02!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1330
3!3!2!( IDDD 1(**02 4essage Types!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1330
3!3!2!B 4ethods of IDDD 1(**02 4essage Dnapsulation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1332
3!3!2!3 'etwor9-wide Ti/e &ynhroni8ation of IDDD 1(**02!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1333
3!3!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133(
3!3!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133B
3!3!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133B
3!3!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1333
3!3!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133A
3!3!3!1 ,eter/ining the 4aster-&la0e Clo9 Hierarhy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!133A
3!3!3!2 4easuring Dnd-to-Dnd ,elay (,elay 4ethod)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13*1
3!3!3!3 4easuring Peer-to-Peer ,elay (Pdelay 4ethod)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13*@
3!3!3!@ Correting Propagation -sy//etry!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13*3
3!3!3!( IDDD 1(**02 +re6ueny &ynhroni8ation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13**
3!3!* Configuring the IDDD 1(**02 Ti/e &ynhroni8ation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13*A
3!3!*!1 Changing the 4ode for &eleting the +re6ueny &oure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13*A
3!3!*!2 Euerying or 4odifying the PTP &yste/ Ti/e!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13A0
3!3!*!3 &etting the PTP 'D -ttri.utes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13A1
3!3!*!@ Creating PTP Clo9 Ports!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13A1
3!3!*!( &etting PTP Clo9 Port -ttri.utes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13A2
3!3!*!B &etting Para/eters for IDDD 1(**02 Clo9 Pa9ets!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13A2
3!3!*!3 Configuring the Ca.le Trans/ission $ffset =etween 'Ds!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13A3
3!3!*!* Configuring a PTP Clo9 &u.net!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13A@
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3!3!*!A 4odifying the =4C -lgorith/ Para/eters for 'D Clo9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13A@
3!3!*!10 &etting =asi -ttri.utes of D;ternal Ti/e Ports!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13A(
3!3!*!11 &etting =4C -lgorith/ Para/eters for D;ternal Ti/e Ports!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13A(
3!3!*!12 &etting the Ca.le Trans/ission $ffset for D;ternal Ti/e Ports!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13AB
3!3!A Planning <uidelines!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13AB
3!3!10 Configuration Proedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!13A*
3!3!11 Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@01
3!3!11!1 'etwor9 ,iagra/!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@01
3!3!11!2 &er0ie Planning!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@02
3!3!11!3 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@0@
3!3!12 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@03
3!3!13 Para/eters for Configuring IDDD 1(**02!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@03
3!3!13!1 1(** -C2H+re6ueny &eletion 4ode!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@03
3!3!13!2 1(** -C2HPTP Clo9 &ynhroni8ation -ttri.ute Configuration!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@0*
3!3!13!3 1(** -C2HPTP Clo9 &u.net Configuration!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@21
3!3!13!@ 1(** -C2HPTP D;ternal Ti/e Interfae Configuration!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@2@
3!@ IDDD 1(** -C2!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@31
3!@!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@31
3!@!2 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3@
3!@!3 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3@
3!@!@ -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3(
3!@!( +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3(
3!@!B Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@33
3!@!3 Planning <uidelines!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@33
3!@!* Configuration Proedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3*
3!@!A Configuring the IDDD 1(** -C2 Clo9 &ynhroni8ation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@0
3!@!A!1 nging the 4ode for &eleting the +re6ueny &oure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@0
3!@!A!2 &etting =asi -ttri.utes of D;ternal Ti/e Ports!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@0
3!@!A!3 Configuring a PTP Clo9 &u.net!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@1
3!@!A!@ &etting the PTP 'D -ttri.utes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@1
3!@!A!( Creating PTP Clo9 Ports!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@2
3!@!A!B &etting PTP Clo9 Port -ttri.utes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@3
3!@!A!3 &etting Para/eters for IDDD 1(**02 Clo9 Pa9ets!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@3
3!@!10 Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@@
3!@!10!1 'etwor9 ,iagra/!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@@
3!@!10!2 &er0ie Planning!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@(
3!@!10!3 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@B
3!@!11 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@*
3!@!12 IDDD 1(** -C2 Configuration Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@*
3!@!12!1 1(** -C2H+re6ueny &eletion 4ode!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@*
3!@!12!2 1(** -C2HPTP Clo9 &ynhroni8ation -ttri.ute Configuration!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@@A
3!@!12!3 1(** -C2HPTP Clo9 &u.net Configuration!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@B1
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;;;iii
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3!@!12!@ 1(** -C2HPTP D;ternal Ti/e Interfae Configuration!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@B(
3!( CD& -C2!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@31
3!(!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@31
3!(!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@32
3!(!2!1 CD& -C2 Clo9 ,o/ain!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@32
3!(!2!2 CD& -C2 Clo9 Protetion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@33
3!(!2!3 CD& -C2 Clo9 Transparent Trans/ission &olution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3@
3!(!2!@ CD& -C2 Clo9 &ynhroni8ation &olution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3(
3!(!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3B
3!(!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3B
3!(!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@33
3!(!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@33
3!(!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@3*
3!(!* Configuring the CD& -C2 Clo9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@*0
3!(!*!1 Configuring the Pri/ary Clo9 for an -C2 Clo9 ,o/ain!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@*0
3!(!*!2 Configuring Ports 5sing the Clo9 ,o/ain!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@*1
3!(!A 4odifying CD& &er0ie Para/eters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@*2
3!(!10 Configuration D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@*3
3!(!10!1 Case ,esription!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@*3
3!(!10!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@*@
3!(!11 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@*(
3!(!12 Para/eters for Configuring CD& -C2 Clo9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@*(
3!(!12!1 -C2 Clo9 &oure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@*(
3!(!12!2 Clo9 ,o/ain!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@*B
0 Security .anaement -eatures++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++#011
@!1 2-,I5&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@**
@!1!1 Introdution to 2-,I5&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@**
@!1!2 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@A0
@!1!3 -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@A0
@!1!@ Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@A0
@!1!@!1 '-& 4ode and Pro;y '-& 4ode!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@A0
@!1!@!2 -uthentiating a <ateway 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@A1
@!1!@!3 -uthentiating a 'on-<ateway 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@A3
@!1!@!@ Hy.rid 'etwor9ing of 'ew and $ld 'etwor9s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@A(
@!1!( Configuring 2-,I5&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@A3
@!1!(!1 Dna.ling the 2-,I5& +untion on an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@A3
@!1!(!2 Configuring the 2-,I5& +untion on an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1@A*
@!1!B Configuration D;a/ple (HCDCC 'etwor9 or $&I $0er ,CC 'etwor9)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(00
@!1!B!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(00
@!1!B!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(01
@!1!3 Configuration D;a/ple (IP $0er ,CC 'etwor9)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(03
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@!1!3!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(03
@!1!3!2 Configuration Proess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(0(
@!1!* Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(03
@!1!*!1 2elia.ility 4ehanis/s!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(03
@!1!*!2 +ault #oating and 2etifiation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(0A
@!1!A 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(11
2 3utband DCN -eatures+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++#2#%
(!1 Introdution to the ,C'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(13
(!1!1 ,C' Co/position!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(13
(!1!2 Huawei ,C' &olutions!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(1@
(!2 HCDCC &olution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(1B
(!2!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(1B
(!2!1!1 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(1B
(!2!1!2 'etwor9ing -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(1*
(!2!2 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(20
(!2!3 -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(21
(!2!@ +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(22
(!2!( Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(23
(!2!(!1 Dsta.lishing DCC 2outes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(23
(!2!(!2 Transferring 4essages!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(2(
(!2!(!3 D;tended DCC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(2B
(!2!B Planning <uidelines!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(23
(!2!B!1 Planning <uidelines!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(23
(!2!B!2 Planning D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(2A
(!2!3 Configuring HCDCC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(30
(!2!3!1 Configuration +low!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(30
(!2!3!2 Changing the I, of an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(33
(!2!3!3 &etting Co//uniation Para/eters of an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(33
(!2!3!@ Configuring ,CCs!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(3@
(!2!3!( Configuring the D;tended DCC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(33
(!2!3!B ,i0iding a 'etwor9 Into 4ultiple DCC &u.nets!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(3A
(!2!3!3 Configuring ,CC Transparent Trans/ission!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(3A
(!2!3!* Euerying DCC 2outes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(@0
(!2!* -ppliation D;a/ple =ased on HCDCC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(@0
(!3 IP o0er ,CC &olution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(@2
(!3!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(@2
(!3!1!1 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(@2
(!3!1!2 'etwor9ing -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(@@
(!3!2 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(@(
(!3!3 -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(@B
(!3!@ +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(@3
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
(!3!( Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(@*
(!3!B 'etwor9 Planning!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1((0
(!3!B!1 Planning <uidelines!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1((0
(!3!B!2 Planning D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1((1
(!3!3 Configuring IP o0er ,CC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1((2
(!3!3!1 Configuration +low!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1((2
(!3!3!2 Changing the I, of an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1((@
(!3!3!3 &etting Co//uniation Para/eters of an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(((
(!3!3!@ Configuring ,CCs!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1((B
(!3!3!( Euerying IP 2outes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1((*
(!3!3!B Euerying the $&P+ Protool &tatus!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1((*
(!3!3!3 Dna.ling Pro;y -2P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1((A
(!3!3!* Configuring the IP &tati 2oute for an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(B0
(!3!* -ppliation D;a/ple for Hy.rid 'etwor9ing =ased on IP o0er ,CC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(B1
(!@ $&I o0er ,CC &olution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(B2
(!@!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(B3
(!@!1!1 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(B3
(!@!1!2 'etwor9ing -ppliation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(B3
(!@!2 -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(BA
(!@!3 +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(30
(!@!@ Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(31
(!@!( 'etwor9 Planning!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(32
(!@!(!1 Planning <uidelines!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(32
(!@!(!2 Planning D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(3@
(!@!B Configuring $&I o0er ,CC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(3(
(!@!B!1 Configuration +low!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(3(
(!@!B!2 Changing the I, of an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(33
(!@!B!3 &etting Co//uniation Para/eters of an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(3*
(!@!B!@ &etting the '&-P -ddress of an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(3A
(!@!B!( Configuring ,CCs!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(*0
(!@!B!B &etting the 'ode Type for an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(*3
(!@!B!3 Configuring the Co//uniation Protool &ta9 and #-P, 2ole for an $ptial Port!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(*3
(!@!B!* Euerying 2outing Infor/ation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(*@
(!@!B!A Creating an $&I <ateway 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(*(
(!@!3 -ppliation D;a/ple for Hy.rid 'etwor9ing =ased on $&I $0er ,CC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(*(
(!( Hy.rid 'etwor9ing &olution of ,CC Transparent Trans/ission!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(*3
(!(!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(*3
(!(!2 -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(A0
(!(!3 +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(A1
(!(!@ Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(A1
(!(!( 'etwor9 Planning!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(A2
(!(!(!1 Planning <uidelines!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(A2
Copyright Huawei
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(!(!(!2 Planning D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(A3
(!(!B Configuring ,CC Transparent Trans/ission!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(A@
(!(!B!1 Configuration +low!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(A@
(!(!B!2 Changing the I, of an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(AB
(!(!B!3 &etting Co//uniation Para/eters of an 'D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(AB
(!(!B!@ Configuring ,CCs!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1(A3
(!(!B!( Configuring ,CC Transparent Trans/ission!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B00
(!(!B!B Euerying DCC 2outes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B00
(!(!3 -ppliation D;a/ple for Hy.rid 'etwor9ing =ased ,CC Transparent Trans/ission!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B01
(!B Transparent Trans/ission of ,CC =ytes Through the D;ternal Clo9 Interfae!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B02
(!B!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B02
(!B!2 -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B0@
(!B!3 +eature ,ependenies and #i/itations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B0@
(!B!@ Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B0(
(!B!( 'etwor9 Planning!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B0B
(!B!(!1 Planning <uidelines!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B0B
(!B!(!2 Planning D;a/ple!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B0B
(!B!B Configuring Transparent Trans/ission of ,CC =ytes Through an D;ternal Clo9 Interfae!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B03
(!B!B!1 Configuration +low!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B03
(!B!B!2 Configuring ,CCs!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B0A
(!B!B!3 Configuring Cross-Connetions for D1 &er0ies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B11
(!B!3 D;a/ple of Hy.rid 'etwor9ing =ased on Transparent Trans/ission of ,CC =ytes Through an D;ternal Clo9
Interfae!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B12
(!3 ,C' 4aintenane!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B12
(!3!1 - &ingle 'D =eing 5nreaha.le!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B12
(!3!2 -ll 'Ds of the &u.net =eing 5nreaha.le!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B1@
(!3!3 'Ds =eing 5nreaha.le +re6uently!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B13
4 Inband DCN+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++#4%"
B!1 Introdution!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B21
B!2 =asi Conepts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B21
B!2!1 Protool &ta9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B21
B!2!2 -ess 4ethods!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B2@
B!3 &peifiations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B2(
B!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B2B
B!( -0aila.ility!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B2B
B!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B2*
B!3 Priniples!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B31
B!3!1 4essage Transfer in the HC DCC Protool &ta9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B31
B!3!2 4essage Transfer in the IP Protool &ta9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B32
B!* Planning <uidelines!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B33
B!A Configuring the In.and ,C'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B3(
B!A!1 &etting the 1#-' I, and =andwidth 5sed .y an In.and ,C'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B3(
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B!A!2 &etting the Para/eters for '4& -ess!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B3B
B!A!3 Configuring the ,C' +untion for a Port!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B3B
B!A!@ &etting the Protool &ta9 5sed .y an In.and ,C'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B33
B!A!( &etting In.and ,C' Pa9et Priority!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B33
B!10 1erifying the In.and ,C'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B3*
B!11 Trou.leshooting!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B3A
B!12 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B@1
B!13 Para/eters for Configuring In.and ,C'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B@1
B!13!1 =andwidth 4anage/ent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B@1
B!13!2 -ess Control!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B@2
B!13!3 Port &ettings!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B@3
B!13!@ Protool &ettings!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B@@
B!13!( Pa9et Control!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1B@@
A Glossary+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++#402
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+eature ,esription 1 Pa9et +eatures
# Pac,et -eatures
About This Chapter
This hapter desri.es the pa9et features supported .y the e6uip/ent!
1!1 4P#& =asis
This hapter desri.es the .asis of the 4ultiprotool #a.el &withing (4P#&) tehnology!
1!2 PCD3 =asis
This hapter desri.es the .asis of pseudo wire e/ulation edge-to-edge (PCD3)!
1!3 -T4 PCD3
This hapter desri.es the -T4 PCD3 feature!
1!@ DTH PCD3
This hapter desri.es the DTH PCD3 feature!
1!( T,4 PCD3
This hapter desri.es the T,4 PCD3 feature!
1!B -T4 =asis
This hapter desri.es the .asis of asynhronous transfer /ode (-T4)!
1!3 -T4 Traffi 4anage/ent
This hapter desri.es the -T4 traffi /anage/ent feature!
1!* -T4 $-4
This hapter desri.es the -T4 $-4 feature!
1!A I4-
This hapter desri.es the in0erse /ultiple;ing for -T4 (I4-) feature!
1!10 4P#& $-4
The 4P#& $-4 tehnology pro0ides a defet detetion tool and a defet orretion
/ehanis/ for the 4P#& networ9! Through the 4P#& $-4 and protetion swithing
Copyright Huawei
1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
funtions" the detetion funtion on the forwarding plane for the 4P#& networ9 an .e
reali8ed and the protetion swithing an .e o/plete after a defet ours! In this /anner"
the i/pat aused .y the defet is /ini/i8ed!
1!11 4P#&-TP $-4
4ultiprotool la.el swithing transport profile $-4 (4P#&-TP $-4) is de0eloped .ased
on 4P#& $-4" pro0iding stronger networ9 diagnosis funtions! 4P#&-TP $-4 an
6ui9ly loate a networ9 fault!
1!12 42P&
Currently" trans/ission syste/s usually adopt ring topologies! 4ultiprotool la.el swithing
transport profile (4P#&-TP) rings arry an inreasing nu/.er of ser0ies and the ser0ie
priorities are asending! 4P#&-TP ring protetion swithing (42P&) i/ple/ents rapid
protetion swithing in lin9)node failures and therefore ensures high ser0ie 6uality!
1!13 4#-PPP
This hapter desri.es 4#-PPP!
1!1@ DTH $-4
DTH $-4 detets and /onitors the onneti0ity and perfor/ane of a ser0ie trail .y using
out.and pa9ets! ,uring the detetion and /onitoring" ser0ies are not affeted!
1!1( D2P&
Dthernet ring protetion swithing (D2P&) protets #-' ser0ies on pa9et Dthernet ring
networ9s!
1!1B Tunnel -P&
This hapter desri.es the tunnel auto/ati protetion swithing (-P&) feature!
1!13 PC -P&
This hapter desri.es the PC auto/ati protetion swithing (-P&) feature!
1!1* I<4P &nooping
The Internet <roup 4anage/ent Protool (I<4P) &nooping funtion an i/pro0e .andwidth
utili8ation and enhane networ9 seurity and relia.ility!
1!1A #in9 -ggregation
Cith no need for hardware upgrades" lin9 aggregation .inds se0eral Dthernet ports as a logial
port for higher lin9 .andwidth and lin9 relia.ility!
1!20 4C-#-<
1!21 #PT
Cith #PT ena.led" ser0ie protetion an .e pro0ided regardless of whether faults our on a
ser0ie aess node" a ser0ie networ9" or .oth on a ser0ie aess node and on a ser0ie
networ9!
1!22 4&-PC
4ulti-seg/ent pseudo wire (4&-PC) in0ol0es setting up stati PC seg/ents to pro0ide
edge-to-edge 0irtual onnetions and redue the nu/.er of 4P#& tunnels on the on0ergene
ring!
Copyright Huawei
2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1!23 4&TP
The 4ultiple &panning Tree Protool (4&TP) is a type of spanning tree protools! The 4&TP
is o/pati.le with the &TP and 2&TP" and the defets in the &TP and 2&TP are fi;ed in the
4&TP!
1!2@ P2=&
The pseudo rando/ .inary se6uene (P2=&) funtional /odule is e6ui0alent to a si/ple
instru/ent that trans/its and reei0es unfra/ed ser0ies independently! -n 'D that pro0ides
the P2=& funtion an .e used as a si/ple instru/ent to analy8e whether a ser0ie path is
faulty! The P2=& funtion /odule an analy8e the loal 'D and the entire networ9!
Therefore" you an perfor/ a test without using a real instru/ent during the deploy/ent or
fault loating!
1!2( EinE
This hapter desri.es the EinE (*02!E in *02!E) feature!
1!2B Eo&
The 6uality of ser0ie (Eo&) tehnology pro0ides differentiated ser0ies for different ser0ie
le0els of users!
1!23 HEo&
1!2* 24$'
The 24$' defines a serial of statisti for/ats and funtions to reali8e the data e;hange
.etween the ontrol stations and detetion stations that o/plies with the 24$' standards!
1!2A #ayer 2 &withing
This hapter desri.es the #ayer 2 swithing feature!
1!30 &/art #ine =oard &olution
To address the inrease of .andwidth and the e0ol0e/ent fro/ T,4 ser0ies to pa9et
ser0ies" Huawei pro0ides the s/art line .oard solution! This solution ena.les $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent to /eet the new re6uire/ents of traditional .earer networ9s on trans/ission
e6uip/ent!
1!31 Pa9et-.ased linear 4&P
The pa9et-.ased linear 4&P she/e is applia.le to a point-to-point physial networ9"
pro0iding 4&-layer protetion for the ser0ie .etween two points!
1!32 Port 4irroring
Cith the de0elop/ent of networ9 tehnologies" arriers re6uire faster fault diagnosis and real-
ti/e /onitoring o0er ser0ie traffi without affeting ser0ies! The port /irroring tehnology
fulfills the preeding re6uire/ents .y repliating the traffi at one port to another port!
#+# .P5S )asics
This hapter desri.es the .asis of the 4ultiprotool #a.el &withing (4P#&) tehnology!
Copyright Huawei
3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of 4P#& and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
=ased on IP routes and ontrol protools" 4P#& is a onnetion-oriented swithing
tehnology for the networ9 layer! 4P#& uses short and fi;ed-length la.els at different lin9
layers for pa9et enapsulation" and swithes pa9ets .ased on the enapsulated la.els!
4P#& has two planes7 ontrol plane and forwarding plane! The ontrol plane is
onnetionless" featuring powerful and fle;i.le routing funtions to /eet networ9
re6uire/ents for a 0ariety of new appliations! This plane is /ainly responsi.le for la.el
distri.ution" setup of la.el forwarding ta.les" and setup and re/o0al of la.el swithed paths
(#&Ps)! The forwarding plane is also alled the data plane! It is onnetion-oriented and
supports #ayer 2 networ9s suh as -T4 and Dthernet networ9s! The forwarding plane adds or
deletes IP pa9et la.els" and forwards the IP pa9ets aording to the la.el forwarding ta.le!
Purpose
In the pa9et do/ain" 4P#& helps to set up 4P#& tunnels to arry PCs that trans/it a
0ariety of ser0ies on a P&' in an end-to-end /anner! These ser0ies inlude T,4" -T4"
and Dthernet ser0ies! +igure 1-1 shows the typial 4P#& appliation in the pa9et do/ain!
In the figure" the ser0ies .etween the 'ode=s and 2'Cs are trans/itted .y PC1 and PC2
arried .y the 4P#& tunnel!
Figure 1.1 Typial 4P#& appliation
RNC
RNC
:SN
:<1
:<2
>:,S tunne(
No!e7
5ternet/.'>/'D>
5ternet/.'>/'D> 5ternet/.'>/'D>
5ternet/.'>/'D>
No!e7
N51
N52
:ac-et trans"ission e?uip"ent
#+#+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with 4P#&!
#+#+%+# .P5S Net7or, Architecture
-n 4P#& networ9" also alled an 4P#& do/ain" is a networ9 area that onsists of
interonneted la.el swithing routers (#&2s)! -n #&2" also alled an 4P#& node" is a
networ9 de0ie that perfor/s 4P#& la.el swithing and pa9et forwarding!
Copyright Huawei
@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+igure 1-2 shows the 4P#& networ9 arhiteture! $n an 4P#& networ9" #&2s on the
networ9 edge are alled la.el edge routers (#D2s)" and #&2s within the networ9 range are
alled ore #&2s! -n #D2 /ay ha0e one or /ore ad:aent non-#&2 nodes" .ut all the
ad:aent nodes of a ore #&2 are #&2s!
Figure 1.1 4P#& networ9 arhiteture
>:,S
net%or-
,5R
,5R
,SR
,SR
,5R
,5R
Core ,SR
Oter
>:,S
net%or-
Oter
>:,S
net%or- :ac-et trans"ission e?uip"ent
Oter
>:,S
net%or-
-n #&2 I, uni6uely identifies an #&2 on an 4P#& networ9! -n #&2 I, an .e @-.yte long
or 1B-.yte long! - @-.yte #&2 I, is .ased on an IP0@ address" and a 1B-.yte #&2 I, is .ased
on an IP0B address!
Currently" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only #&2 I,s .ased on IP0@ addresses!
#+#+%+% 5SP
#a.el swithed paths (#&Ps)" also alled 4P#& tunnels" are lassified into 0arious types
onsidering different aspets!
)asic Concepts o8 5SPs
$n an 4P#& networ9" an #&2 adopts the sa/e la.el swithing /ehanis/ to forward pa9ets
with the sa/e harateristis! The pa9ets with the sa/e harateristis are alled a
forwarding e6ui0alene lass (+DC)! The path along whih an +DC tra0els through the 4P#&
networ9 is alled an #&P" or an 4P#& tunnel!
To pro0ide a unified interfae for upper-le0el appliations of an #&P" the syste/ needs to
assign an I, to the #&P! This I, is alled an #&P I, or tunnel I,! -n #&P I, is 2-.yte long"
and is 0alid only for the loal #&2!
-n #&P is a path! -s shown in +igure 1-3" #&2s on an #&P an .e lassified into the
following types7
Ingress
-n #&P ingress node pushes a la.el onto the pa9et for 4P#& pa9et enapsulation and
forwarding! $ne #&P has only one Ingress!
Transit
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-n #&P transit node swaps la.els and forwards 4P#& pa9ets aording to the la.el
forwarding ta.le! $ne #&P /ay ha0e one or /ore Transits!
Dgress
-n #&P egress node pops the la.el and reo0ers the pa9et for forwarding! $ne #&P has
only one Dgress!
Figure 1.1 Classifiation of #&2s on an #&P
>:,S
net%or-
5)ress
LS+
2n)ress
'ransit
'ransit
Oter
>:,S
net%or-
Oter
>:,S
net%or-
5SP Types
#&Ps are lassified into 0arious types onsidering different aspets! +or details" see Ta.le 1-1!
Table 1.1 #&P types
Aspect 5SP Type De6nition Support
Capability
&etup /ode &tati tunnel - stati tunnel is set
up aording to data
onfigurations!
+or the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent" only a
stati tunnel is
a0aila.le!
,yna/i tunnel - dyna/i tunnel is
set up .y running
the #a.el
,istri.ution
Protool (#,P)!
,iretion 5nidiretional
tunnel
- unidiretional
tunnel is in a ertain
diretion!
The two types of
tunnels are a0aila.le!
=idiretional tunnel - .idiretional
tunnel is atually a
pair of #&Ps that
ha0e the sa/e path
.ut different
diretions!
,iff&er0
identifiation /ode
D-#&P -n D-#&P uses the
D%P field to identify
the pa9et
+or the $pti%

$&' (00)((0
e6uip/ent" the
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Aspect 5SP Type De6nition Support
Capability
sheduling! $ne D-
#&P supports PCs
.elonging to a
/a;i/u/ of eight
sheduling types!
two types of
diff&er0
identifiation
/ode are
a0aila.le!
+or the $pti%

$&' (*0
e6uip/ent" only
the D-#&P is
a0aila.le!
#-#&P -n #-#&P uses the
4P#& la.el 0alue to
identify the pa9et
sheduling priority!
$ne #-#&P supports
PCs .elonging to
one sheduling type!
#&P /ode 5nifor/ Chen Dgress pops
the 4P#& tunnel
la.el" it renews the
pa9et sheduling
priority aording to
the D%P field in the
la.el!
+or the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent" only the
pipe /ode is
a0aila.le!
Pipe Chen Dgress pops
the 4P#& tunnel
la.el" it does not
renew the pa9et
sheduling priority!
#+#+%+& )earer .ode 8or .P5S Pac,ets
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent uses Dthernet fra/es to .ear 4P#& pa9ets!
+igure 1-@ shows the for/at of an Dthernet fra/e that .ears an 4P#& pa9et!
Figure 1.1 =earer /ode for 4P#& pa9ets
5ternet ea!er >:,S pac-et
Destination
a!!ress
Source
a!!ress
802*1? ea!er ,en)t/'#pe
FCS
@CRC-32A
,estination address7 It is the 4-C address of the opposite interfae" learnt through the
-ddress 2esolution Protool (-2P)!
&oure address7 It always ta9es the 4-C address of the trans/it port and hanges at
eah hop!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
*02!16 header7 The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent deter/ines whether an Dthernet fra/e at the
egress port arries the *02!16 header .ased on the T-< attri.ute of an Dthernet port! If
the T-< attri.ute is Access" the Dthernet fra/e will not arry the *02!16 headerI if the
T-< attri.ute is Tag aware" the 1#-' I, of the *02!16 header in an 4P#& pa9et is
the tunnel 1#-' I, that is set on the '4&I if the tunnel 1#-' I, is a.sent" the 1#-'
I, of the *02!16 header is the default 1#-' I, (that is" 1) at the ''I port trans/itting
4P#& pa9ets!
#ength)Type7 It is always set to 0;**@3! -fter deteting the 0alue" the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent onsiders the pa9et is the Dthernet fra/e arrying 4P#& pa9et! The 'D
will not detet 4P#& pa9ets at the ingress port .ased on the T-< attri.ute and 1#-'
I, of an #&P!
4P#& pa9et7 It onsists of the 4P#& la.el and #ayer 3 user pa9et! +or details on its
for/at" see 1!1!2!@ 4P#& #a.el!
+ra/e he9 se6uene (+C&)7 It is used to 0erify that the Dthernet fra/e is orret!
The -2P is used to translate the IP address at the networ9 layer (that is" logial address) into the 4-C
address at the data lin9 layer (that is" physial address)! =y default when the T-< attri.ute of a 5'I port
is Tag aware" an -2P pa9et that is trans/itted or reei0ed through an ''I port has an 1#-' I, that
is the default 0alue of the ''I port! Therefore" the T-< attri.ute and default 1#-' I, of an ''I port
/ust .e the sa/e as those of a peer ''I port!
#+#+%+0 .P5S 5abel
4P#& uses short and fi;ed-length la.els at different lin9 layers for pa9et enapsulation" and
supports 4P#& la.el sta9ing to for/ la.el sta9s!
5abel -ormat
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent uses Dthernet fra/es to .ear 4P#& pa9ets! +igure 1-( shows the
for/at of the 4P#& la.el!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of the 4P#& la.el
,a#er 3 :a#(oa!
,a$e( S 5X: '',
20 0 23 2B 31$it
>:,S (a$e(
>:,S pac-et
#a.el7 This 20-.it field indiates the atual la.el 0alue!
D%P7 Theis 3-.it field is reser0ed for e;peri/ental use! $n the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent"
the D%P is used to identify the priority of an 4P#& pa9et" si/ilar to the 1#-' priority
speified in IDDD *02!16!
&7 This 1-.it field identifies the .otto/ of sta9! 4P#& supports /ultiple la.els" that is"
la.el sta9ing! This .it is set to 1 for the .otto/ la.el in the la.el sta9!
Ti/e to #i0e (TT#)7 This *-.it field has the sa/e /eaning as the TT# speified for IP
pa9ets!
Copyright Huawei
*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5abel Stac,
- la.el sta9 refers to an ordered set of la.els! 4P#& allows a pa9et to arry /ultiple la.els!
The la.el ne;t to the #ayer 2 header is alled the top la.el or outer la.el" and the la.el ne;t to
the IP header is alled the .otto/ la.el or inner la.el! Theoretially" an unli/ited nu/.er of
4P#& la.els an .e sta9ed!
Figure 1.1 4P#& la.el sta9
Outer (a$e(
5ternet ea!er
/::: ea!er
,a#er 3 :a#(oa! 2nner (a$e(
,a$e( stac-
The la.el sta9 is organi8ed as a #ast In" +irst $ut sta9! The top la.el is always proessed
first!
5abel Space
The 0alue range for la.el distri.ution is alled a la.el spae! Two types of la.el spae are
a0aila.le7
Per-platfor/ la.el spae
-n #&2 uses one la.el spaeI that is" the la.els are uni6ue per #&2!
Per-interfae la.el spae
Dah interfae on an #&2 uses a la.el spaeI that is" the la.els are uni6ue per interfae"
.ut an .e repeated on different interfaes!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only the per-platfor/ la.el spae with a fi;ed 0alue
range of 1B to 323B*! 1alues of 0 to 1( are reser0ed for speial use and annot .e assigned to
#&Ps as ser0ie la.els! Ingress la.els and egress la.els /ust .e uni6ue per 'D!
#+#+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations of 4P#&!
Item Speci6cations
Type of port arrying the #&P $pti% $&' (007 +D)<D
$pti% $&' ((07 +D)<D)10 <D
$pti% $&' (*07 +D)<D)10 <D
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of 4P#& tunnels 5nidiretional tunnel7
$pti% $&' (007 102@
$pti% $&' ((07 102@
$pti% $&' (*07 1B3*@
=idiretional tunnel7
$pti% $&' (007 (12
$pti% $&' ((07 (12
$pti% $&' (*07 *1A2
Copyright Huawei
A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cations
NOTE
The nu/.er of tunnels is the total nu/.er of
.idiretional tunnels and unidiretional tunnels!
$ne .idiretional tunnel is ounted as two
unidiretional tunnels!
The total nu/.er of tunnels and PCs annot
e;eed the /a;i/u/ nu/.er of 4P#& tunnels!
The tunnels arrying PCs are not inluded when
the loal 'D is an ingress or egress node!
#&P type &etup /ode &tati tunnel
,iretion 5nidiretional tunnel
=idiretional tunnel
&heduling attri.ute $pti% $&' (007 D-#&P and #-#&P
$pti% $&' ((07 D-#&P and #-#&P
$pti% $&' (*07 +D)<D)10 <D
#&P /ode $pti% $&' (007 Pipe
$pti% $&' ((07 Pipe
$pti% $&' (*07 5nifor/ and Pipe
Per-platfor/ la.el spae si8e 323B*
+or/at of #&2 I, =ased on the IP0@ address
-2P 4a;i/u/ nu/.er
of stati entries
2(B
4a;i/u/ nu/.er
of dyna/i entries
$pti% $&' (007 B@ at eah port
$pti% $&' ((07 B@ at eah port
$pti% $&' ((07 2(B at eah port
&etting of aging ti/e &upported
#&P ping)traeroute $pti% $&' (007 &upported
$pti% $&' ((07 &upported
$pti% $&' (*07 'ot supported
Eo& 4apping .etween the D%P 0alues and the
PH= le0els
#+#+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with 4P#& .asis!
IDT+ 2+C 30317 4ultiprotool #a.el &withing -rhiteture
IDT+ 2+C 30327 4P#& #a.el &ta9 Dnoding
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#+2 Availability
The 4P#& feature re6uires the support of the applia.le produts and .oards!
Version Support
Applicable Product Applicable Version
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
i4anager 52000 11002003C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
i4anager 52000 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
Applicable )oard Applicable Product
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
1100200BC01 and later
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D<@C 1100200BC00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Version
Applicable Product
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+#+4 Principles
$n an 4P#& networ9" #&2s ena.le the pa9ets with the sa/e harateristis to .e
trans/itted on one #&P .ased on a unified forwarding /ehanis/!
)asic Concepts o8 Pac,et -or7ardin
'e;t Hop #a.el +orwarding Dntry ('H#+D)
The 'H#+D is funda/ental to pa9et forwarding i/ple/ented .y an #&2! -n 'H#+D
ontains the following infor/ation7 the ne;t hop address" interfae address" operation
type for la.els" and the data lin9 layer protool to use! The operations to perfor/ on the
la.el /ay .e Push" Pop" &wap" and 'ull (retaining a la.el)!
+DC to 'H#+D (+T')
The +T' /aps eah +DC to a set of 'H#+Ds! $nly an ingress node supports this
operation!
Ino/ing #a.el 4ap (I#4)
The I#4 /aps eah ino/ing la.el to a set of 'H#+Ds! $nly transit and egress nodes
support this operation!
.P5S Pac,et -or7ardin Process
+igure 1-3 shows the 4P#& pa9et forwarding proess!
Figure 1.1 4P#& pa9et forwarding proess
N5 . N5 7 N5 C N5 D
(,S: 2DC101A ,a$e(C20 ,a$e(C21 ,a$e(C22
:OR'1 :OR'2 :OR'3 :OR'B
:OR'5 :OR'D
,S:
2n)ress 'ransit 5)ress 'ransit
:ac-et trans"ission e?uip"ent ,a$e( operation
F'N
:us
2,> 2,> 2,>
S%ap S%ap :op
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The ingress" transit" and egress nodes handle an 4P#& pa9et as follows!
Procedure on an Inress Node
Ta.le 1-2 pro0ides the 'H#+D for 'D - (ingress node)!
Table 1.1 'H#+D for 'D -
5SP ID 3utoin
Inter8ace
Ne9t !op 3utoin
5abel
3peration
101 P$2T 1 P$2T 2 20 Push
'D - proess an 4P#& pa9et as follows7
1! 2eei0es a pa9et" and finds the #&P I, .ased on the +DC of the pa9et!
2! +inds the 'H#+D .ased on the #&P I, and then o.tains the infor/ation suh as
outgoing interfae" ne;t hop" outgoing la.el" and operation! The la.el operation for an
ingress node is Push!
3! Pushes an 4P#& la.el to the pa9et" and forwards the enapsulated 4P#& pa9et to the
ne;t hop!
Procedure on a Transit Node
Ta.le 1-3 pro0ides the 'H#+D for 'D = (transit node)!
Table 1.1 'H#+D for 'D =
5SP ID 3utoin
Inter8ace
Ne9t !op 3utoin
5abel
3peration
101 P$2T 3 P$2T @ 21 &wap
'D = proesses an 4P#& pa9et as follows7
1! +inds the #&P I, .ased on the la.el 0alue of the 4P#& pa9et reei0ed at the ino/ing
interfae!
2! +inds the 'H#+D .ased on the #&P I, and then o.tains the infor/ation suh as
outgoing interfae" ne;t hop" outgoing la.el" and operation! The la.el operation for a
transit node is &wap!
3! The outgoing la.el 0alue of the 'H#+D is 21! Thus" 'D = replaes the old la.el 0alue of
20 with a new la.el 0alue of 21 and then sends the 4P#& pa9et arrying the new la.el
to the ne;t hop!
If the 0alue of the new la.el is e6ual to or greater than 1B" the la.el operation is &wap! If the 0alue of the
new la.el is less than 1B" this la.el is speial and needs to .e proessed aording to the speifi 0alue of
the la.el!
The proessing of an 4P#& pa9et on 'D C is si/ilar to the that of an 4P#& pa9et on 'D
=!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Procedure on an :ress Node
Ta.le 1-@ pro0ides the 'H#+D for 'D , (egress node)!
Table 1.1 'H#+D of 'D ,
5SP ID 3utoin
Inter8ace
Ne9t !op 3utoin
5abel
3peration
101 - - - Pop
'D , proesses an 4P#& pa9et as follows7
1! +inds the #&P I, .ased on the la.el 0alue of the 4P#& pa9et reei0ed at the ino/ing
interfae!
2! +inds the 'H#+D .ased on the #&P I, and then deter/ines that the la.el operation is
Pop!
3! Pops the 4P#& la.el and forwards the 4P#& pa9et!
#+% P;:& )asics
This hapter desri.es the .asis of pseudo wire e/ulation edge-to-edge (PCD3)!
#+%+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of pseudo wire e/ulation edge-to-edge (PCD3) and
desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
PCD3 is a #ayer 2 ser0ie .earer tehnology that e/ulates the .asi .eha0iors and
harateristis of ser0ies suh as -T4)I4-" Dthernet" and T,4 on a pa9et swithed
networ9 (P&')!
-ided .y the PCD3 tehnology" on0entional networ9s an .e onneted .y a P&'!
Therefore" resoure sharing and networ9 saling an .e ahie0ed!
Purpose
PCD3 ai/s to trans/it 0arious ser0ies suh as -T4" Dthernet" or T,4 o0er a P&'! +igure
1-* shows the typial appliation of PCD3! The Dthernet" -T4" or T,4 ser0ies .etween
'ode=s and 2'Cs are e/ulated .y /eans of PCD3 on 'D1 and 'D2" and then are
trans/itted on the pseudo wires (PCs) .etween 'D1 and 'D2!
Copyright Huawei
1@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of PCD3
RNC
RNC
:SN
:<1
:<2
>:,S tunne(
No!e7
5ternet/.'>/'D>
5ternet/.'>/'D> 5ternet/.'>/'D>
5ternet/.'>/'D>
No!e7
N51
N52
#+%+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with PCD3!
#+%+%+# P;:& Net7or, Re8erence .odel
In the PCD3 networ9 referene /odel" a PC onnets two pro0ider edges (PDs)" and an
attah/ent iruit (-C) onnets a PD de0ie and a usto/er edge (CD) de0ie!
+igure 1-A shows the PCD3 networ9 referene /odel! $ne or /ore PCs are reated .etween
PD1 and PD2 .ased on the ser0ie aess re6uire/ents at the CDs! &e0eral PCs an .e arried
in one or /ore P&' tunnels! In this /anner" nati0e ser0ies an .e trans/itted o0er a P&'!
Figure 1.1 PCD3 networ9 referene /odel
+E&
CE& CE$
+E$
Nati/e
ser/ice
5"u(ate! ser/ice
:<
:SN tunne(
CE&
.C
Nati/e
ser/ice
.C
:<1
:<2
-C7 attah/ent iruit CD7 usto/er edge
PD7 pro0ider edge PC7 pseudo wire
Copyright Huawei
1(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
In the networ9 referene /odel" PCs are arried in a P&' tunnelI that is" a single-seg/ent PC (&&-
PC)!
The onepts found in the networ9 referene /odel shown in +igure 1-A are defined as
follows!
C:
- CD is a de0ie where one end of a ser0ie originates and)or ter/inates! The CD is not aware
that it is using an e/ulated ser0ie rather than a nati0e ser0ie!
P:
- PD is a de0ie that pro0ides PCD3 to a CD! #oated at the edge of a networ9" a PD is
onneted with a CD through an -C!
In the PCD3 networ9 referene /odel" the /apping relationship .etween an -C and a PC is
deter/ined one a PC is reated .etween two PDs! -s a result" #ayer 2 ser0ies on CDs an
.e trans/itted o0er a P&'!
AC
-n -C is a physial or 0irtual iruit attahing a CD to a PD! -n -C an .e" for e;a/ple" an
Dthernet port" a 1#-'" or a T,4 lin9!
P;
- PC is a /ehanis/ that arries e/ulated ser0ies fro/ one PD to another PD o0er a P&'!
=y /eans of PCD3" point-to-point hannels are reated" separated fro/ eah other! 5sersJ
#ayer 2 pa9ets are transparently trans/itted on a PC!
PCs are a0aila.le in two types depending on whether signaling protools are used or not!
&peifially" a PC that does not use signaling protools is alled a stati PC" whereas a PC
that does use signaling protools is alled a dyna/i PC!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only stati PCs!
Tunnel
- tunnel pro0ides a /ehanis/ that transparently trans/its infor/ation o0er a networ9! In a
tunnel" one or /ore PCs an .e arried! - tunnel onnets a loal PD and a re/ote PD for
transparently trans/itting data!
P&' tunnels are a0aila.le in se0eral types" .ut the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only
4P#& tunnels! In this dou/ent" PCD3 is generally .ased on the 4P#& tunnel (#&P)" unless
otherwise speified!
#+%+%+% P;:& Protocol Re8erence .odel
The protool referene /odel used .y the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent inludes pre-proessing of
nati0e ser0ies!
+igure 1-10 shows the PCD3 protool referene /odel!
Copyright Huawei
1B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 PCD3 protool referene /odel
Nati/e Ser/ice
:rocessin)
Ser/ice
2nterface
@'D>+ .'>+
5ternet+
etcA
:#sica(
:a#(oa!
5ncapsu(ation
:#sica(
5"u(ate!
Ser/ice
@'D>+ .'>+
5ternet+
etcA
:<
De"u(tip(e3er
:SN 'unne(+
:SN E
:#sica(
&ea!ers
For%ar!er
'o C5 'o :SN
:re-processin)
5"u(ate! Ser/ice
:seu!o <ire
:SN 'unne(
In the PCD3 protool referene /odel" pre-proessing in0ol0es the nati0e ser0ie proessing
layer and forwarder layer" whereas protool proessing in0ol0es the enapsulation layer and
de/ultiple;er layer! The /ain funtions of these layers are desri.ed as follows!
Native Service Processin
'ati0e ser0ie proessing refers to the proessing of ser0ie payloads (suh as Eo&
proessing)" .efore e/ulation of the nati0e ser0ies are reei0ed on an -C!
-or7arder
- forwarder selets the PC for the ser0ie payloads reei0ed on an -C! The /apping
relationships an .e speified in the ser0ie onfiguration" or i/ple/ented through ertain
types of dyna/ially onfigured infor/ation!
Payload :ncapsulation 5ayer
The enapsulation layer pro0ides support for real-ti/e proessing and enapsulates the data
trans/itted on a PC into PCD3 pa9ets in standard for/at! The enapsulation layer also
pro0ides support for adding and e;trating ti/ing infor/ation" in addition to se6uening
pa9ets!
P; Demultiple9er 5ayer
The PC de/ultiple;er layer ena.les one or /ore PCs to .e arried in a single P&' tunnel!
#+%+%+& P;:& :ncapsulation -ormat
The speifi PCD3 enapsulation for/at 0aries slightly aording to the type of e/ulated
ser0ie" .ut a generi enapsulation for/at is also a0aila.le!
Copyright Huawei
13
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+igure 1-11 shows the generi PCD3 enapsulation for/at! - PCD3 pa9et ontains the
4P#& la.el" ontrol word" and payload!
Figure 1.1 PCD3 enapsulation for/at
''
,
S
5X
:
,a#e
r
2
:D0
'', S 5X: :< (a$e(
S '', 5X: 'unne( (a$e(
Co!tro" Wor#
:a#(oa!
0 31$it 20 23 2B
>:,S (a$e(
Contro( %or!
:a#(oa!
.P5S 5abel
The 4P#& la.els inlude tunnel la.els and PC la.els" whih are used to identify tunnels and
PCs respeti0ely! The for/at of the tunnel la.el is the sa/e as that of the PC la.el! +or
details" see 1!1!2!@ 4P#& #a.el!
Control ;ord
The @-.yte ontrol word is a header used to arry pa9et infor/ation o0er an 4P#& P&'!
The ontrol word is used to he9 the pa9et se6uene" to frag/ent pa9ets" and to restruture
pa9ets! -s shown in Ta.le 1-(" the speifi for/at of the ontrol word is deter/ined .y the
ser0ie type arried .y PCD3 and the enapsulation /ode adopted!
Table 1.1 +or/ats of the ontrol word for 0arious ser0ies in different enapsulation /odes
Service Type -ormat o8 Control ;ord
T,4 PCD3 &-ToP
&-ToP
CD&oP&'
CD&oP&'
-T4 PCD3 -T4 '-to-one ell enapsulation
-T4 '-to-one ell enapsulation
-T4 one-to-one ell enapsulation
-T4 one-to-one ell enapsulation
DTH PCD3 Dthernet enapsulation
Copyright Huawei
1*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$pti% $&' (*0 e6uip/ent only supports DTH PCD3!
Payload
Payload indiates the payload of a ser0ie in a PCD3 pa9et!
#+%+%+0 .S'P;
- PC that is arried in a P&' tunnel is alled a single-seg/ent PC (&&-PC)! If a PC is
arried in /ultiple P&' tunnels" the PC is alled a /ulti-seg/ent PC (4&-PC)!
.S'P; Net7or, Re8erence .odel
+igure 1-12 shows the 4&-PC networ9 referene /odel!
Figure 1.1 4&-PC networ9 referene /odel
T,+E&
CE&
T,+E$
Nati/e
ser/ice
5"u(ate! ser/ice
>S-:<
:SN
tunne(
1
CE&
.C
Nati/e
ser/ice
.C
S,+E&
:< s%itcin) point
:SN
tunne(
2
:<1
:<2
:<3
:<B
CE$
T-PD7 ter/inating pro0ider edge &-PD7 swithing pro0ider edge
In the preeding networ9 referene /odel" T-PD1 and T-PD2 pro0ide PCD3 ser0ies to CD1
and CD2! The PCs are arried in two P&' tunnels" and onstitute the 4&-PC!
The two tunnels (P&' tunnel 1 and P&' tunnel 2) that are used to arry PCs reside in
different P&' do/ains! P&' tunnel 1 e;tends fro/ T-PD1 to &-PD1" and P&' tunnel 2
e;tends fro/ &-PD1 to T-PD2! #a.els of PC1 arried in P&' tunnel 1 and PC3 arried in
P&' tunnel 2 are swapped at &-PD1! &i/ilarly" la.els of PC2 arried in P&' tunnel 1 and
PC@ arried in P&' tunnel 2 are swapped at &-PD1!
.S'P; Application
Co/pared with the &&-PC" the 4&-PC has the following harateristis7
2edues re6uired tunnel resoures!
Copyright Huawei
1A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Tra0erses different P&'s!
Pro0ides seg/ent-.ased protetion for tunnels!
The following paragraphs and figures o/pare the appliation senarios of the &&-PC and
4&-PC to show that it is easier for the 4&-PC to i/ple/ent seg/ent-.ased protetion for
tunnels!
+igure 1-13 shows the &&-PC networ9ing /ode! The ser0ies .etween PD1 and PD2 are
trans/itted on PC1 arried in 4P#& tunnel 1! =oth 4P#& tunnel 1 and 4P#& tunnel 2 are
onfigured with 171 protetion! Protetion" howe0er" fails to .e pro0ided if disonnetion
faults our on different sides of the operator de0ie (alled the P de0ie)!
Figure 1.1 &&-PC appliation
>:,S tunne( 1
:
>:,S tunne( 2
SS,+W
:51
:52
:<1
:<1
:<1
:<1
+igure 1-1@ shows the 4&-PC networ9ing /ode! The ser0ies .etween T-PD1 and T-PD2 are
trans/itted on PC1 arried in 4P#& tunnel 1 and PC2 arried on 4P#& tunnel 2! The paired
tunnels (4P#& tunnel 1 and 4P#& tunnel 3I 4P#& tunnel 2 and 4P#& tunnel @) are
onfigured with 171 protetion! In this onfiguration" protetion an still .e pro0ided e0en
when disonnetion faults our on different sides of the &-PD1 de0ie!
Figure 1.2 4&-PC appliation
'-:51
'-:52
S-:51
>:,S tunne( 2
-S,+W
>:,S tunne( 1
:<1
:<1
>:,S tunne( 3
:<2
>:,S tunne( B
:<2
#+%+%+2 VCCV
-s speified in IDT+ 2+C(0*(" 0irtual iruit onneti0ity 0erifiation (1CC1) is an end-to-
end fault detetion and diagnostis /ehanis/ for a PC! The 1CC1 /ehanis/ is" in its
si/plest desription" a ontrol hannel .etween a PCJs ingress and egress points o0er whih
onneti0ity 0erifiation /essages an .e sent!
Copyright Huawei
20
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The 1CC1 /essages are e;hanged .etween PDs to 0erify onneti0ity of PCs! To ensure
that 1CC1 /essages and PC pa9ets tra0erse the sa/e path" 1CC1 /essages /ust .e
enapsulated in the sa/e /anner as PC pa9ets and .e trans/itted in the sa/e tunnel as the
PC pa9ets!
1CC1 /essages ha0e the following for/ats!
-ormat o8 a VCCV .essae )ased on Control ;ord
Figure 1.1 +or/at of a 1CC1 /essage .ased on ontrol word
''
,
S
5X
:
,a#e
r
'', S 5X: :< (a$e(
S '', 5X: 'unne( (a$e(
>:,S eco "essa)e @2:/B 0D:A
0 31$it 20 23 2B
Version Reser/e! Canne( t#pe 0001
The ontrol word in a 1CC1 /essage is defined as follows7
Header7 This field is always 0001!
1ersion7 This field is always 0!
2eser0ed7 This field is always 0!
Channel type7 The Channel Type is set to 0;0021 for IP0@ payloads and 0;00(3 for IP0B
payloads!
The payloads are 4P#& eho pa9ets enapsulated in IP0@ 5,P!
-ormat o8 a VCCV .essae )ased on 3A. Alert 5abel
Figure 1.1 +or/at of a 1CC1 /essage .ased on $-4 alert la.el
''
,
S
5X
: '', S 5X: :< (a$e(
S '', 5X: 'unne( (a$e(
>:,S eco pac-et @2:/B 0D:A
0 31$it 20 23 2B
,a$e( . 1 @O.> .(ert ,a$e(A '',6 1 S 5X:
The /ain fields in a 1CC1 /essage .ased on $-4 alert la.el are defined as follows7
#a.el7 The 0alue of this field is 1@ and indiates an $-4 pa9et!
Copyright Huawei
21
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Ti/e to #i0e (TT#)7 The 0alue of this field is set to 1" to ensure that the 4P#& $-4
pa9et is not trans/itted .eyond the sin9 end of the /onitored #&P!
The payloads are 4P#& eho pa9ets enapsulated in IP0@ 5,P!
#+%+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations of PCD3!
Item Speci6cations
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of PCs $pti% $&' (007 102@
$pti% $&' ((07 102@
$pti% $&' (*07 1B3*@
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of 4&-PCs $pti% $&' (007 12*
$pti% $&' ((07 12*
$pti% $&' (*07 *1A2
=earer type 4P#& tunnel
PC setup /ode &tati PC
PC ser0ie type $pti% $&' (007 T,4 PCD3)DTH
PCD3)-T4 PCD3
$pti% $&' ((07 T,4 PCD3)DTH
PCD3)-T4 PCD3
$pti% $&' (*07 DTH PCD3
1CC1 Control Channel Type 'one
CC (Control Cord)
-lert #a.el
1CC1 1erifiation 4ode 'one
Ping
PC Ping)Traeroute $pti% $&' (007 &upported
#+%+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with PCD3 .asis!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with PCD37
IDT+ 2+C 3A1B7 2e6uire/ents for Pseudo-Cire D/ulation Ddge-to-Ddge (PCD3)
IDT+ 2+C 3A*(7 Pseudo Cire D/ulation Ddge-to-Ddge (PCD3) -rhiteture
IDT+ 2+C (0*(7 Pseudowire 1irtual Ciruit Conneti0ity 1erifiation (1CC1)7 -
Control Channel for Pseudowires
Copyright Huawei
22
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
IDT+ 2+C (2(@7 2e6uire/ents for 4ulti-&eg/ent Pseudowire D/ulation Ddge-to-Ddge
(PCD3)
#+%+2 Availability
The PCD3 feature re6uires the support of the applia.le produts and .oards!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
4,1

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
CE1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' (00)((0
Copyright Huawei
23
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Version
Applicable Product
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+%+4 Principles
The &&-PC and 4&-PC use different pa9et forwarding /ehanis/s!
#+%+4+# Pac,et -or7ardin Process o8 SS'P;
In the &&-PC networ9ing /ode" the PC la.el is not swapped during the pa9et forwarding
proess!
+igure 1-13 shows the pa9et forwarding proess in the &&-PC networ9ing /ode!
Figure 1.1 &&-PC pa9et forwarding proess
:SN
:51 :52 :
.
:a#(oa!
:< (a$e(
'unne( (a$e( .
7
'unne( (a$e( 7
7 .
C51
C52
.C .C
:<1 :<1
>:,S tunne(
@No!e7A
@RNCA
The PCs are in0isi.le to the P de0ie on a P&'I the P de0ie pro0ides transparent transport in tunnels!
The loal PD (PD1) forwards pa9ets as follows7
Copyright Huawei
2@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1! D;trats the loal ser0ie pa9ets that are trans/itted .y CD1 fro/ the -C!
2! Pre-proesses the ser0ie payloads .efore PCD3 e/ulation!
3! 5ses the forwarder to /ap ser0ie payloads to the orresponding PC!
@! Dnapsulates the data trans/itted on a PC into PCD3 pa9ets in standard for/at! The
proess in0ol0es generation of the ontrol word" and adding of the PC la.el and tunnel
la.el (tunnel la.el -) to the data!
(! 4aps the PC into the 4P#& tunnel for trans/ission!
The P de0ie forwards pa9ets as follows7
Chen PCD3 pa9ets trans/itted fro/ PD1 to PD2 tra0erse the P de0ie" the tunnel la.el in
the pa9ets is swapped! That is" tunnel la.el - is hanged to tunnel la.el =!
The re/ote PD (PD2) forwards pa9ets as follows7
1! ,e/ultiple;es the PC fro/ the 4P#& tunnel!
2! ,eapsulates the PC" and re/o0es the tunnel la.el (tunnel la.el =)" PC la.el" and
ontrol word!
3! D;trats ser0ie payloads fro/ the PC!
@! 2estores ser0ie payloads to the loal ser0ie pa9ets!
(! &elets an -C .y using the forwarder" and forwards the pa9ets to CD2 at the re/ote end
o0er the -C!
#+%+4+% Pac,et -or7ardin Process o8 .S'P;
In the 4&-PC networ9ing /ode" the PC la.el is swapped at &-PD during the pa9et
forwarding proess!
+igure 1-1* shows the pa9et forwarding proess in the 4&-PC networ9ing /ode!
Figure 1.1 4&-PC pa9et forwarding proess of 4&-PC
.
.
:a#(oa!
:< (a$e( .
'unne( (a$e( .
7 :< (a$e( 7
:SN
'unne( 1
'-:51 '-:52 S-:51
.
.
7
'unne( (a$e( 7
7
7
C51
C52
:<1
.C .C
@No!e7A
@RNCA
'unne( 2
:<2
The T-PD in the 4&-PC networ9ing /ode forwards pa9ets in the sa/e /anner as PD in the
&&-PC networ9ing /ode! In the 4&-PC networ9ing /ode" &-PD needs to swap the tunnel
la.el and PC la.el!
Copyright Huawei
2(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The &-PD de0ie (&-PD1) forwards pa9ets as follows7
Chen PCD3 pa9ets trans/itted fro/ PD1 to PD2 tra0erse the P de0ie" the tunnel la.el in
the pa9ets is swapped! That is" tunnel la.el - is hanged to tunnel la.el =! In addition" the
PC la.el in the pa9ets is swapped! That is" PC la.el - is hanged to PC la.el =!
#+& AT. P;:&
This hapter desri.es the -T4 PCD3 feature!
#+&+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of -T4 PCD3 and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
The -T4 PCD3 tehnology e/ulates the .asi .eha0iors and harateristis of -T4 ser0ies
on a pa9et swithed networ9 (P&') .y using the PCD3 /ehanis/" so that the e/ulated
-T4 ser0ies an .e trans/itted on a P&'!
Purpose
-ided .y the -T4 PCD3 tehnology" on0entional -T4 networ9s an .e onneted .y a
P&'! &peifially" -T4 PCD3 allows trans/itting on0entional -T4 ser0ies o0er a P&' .y
e/ulating the -T4 ser0ies!
The networ9ing type of -T4 PCD3 an .e one-to-one or '-to-one depending on the
enapsulation type of -T4 PCD3 pa9ets! It is o.0ious that -T4 PCD3 helps to trans/it
-T4 ser0ies o0er the P&'" without adding -T4 e6uip/ent or hanging the onfiguration of
the -T4 CD e6uip/ent!
Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of -T4 PCD3 (in the one-to-one enapsulation /ode)
:SN
:51 :52
1-to-1 .'>
:<53
ser/ice
.'> :<53
,S:
:<
.C
.C
C52 C51
No!e7
RNC
1-to-1 .'>
:<53
ser/ice
Copyright Huawei
2B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.2 Typial appliation of -T4 PCD3 (in the '-to-one enapsulation /ode)
:SN
:51 :52
N-to-1 .'>
:<53
ser/ice
.'> :<53
,S:
:<
.C
.C
C5B C52
C51
C53
No!e7
RNC
N-to-1 .'>
:<53
ser/ice
The ell enapsulation /odes at .oth ends of a PC /ust .e the sa/e!
#+&+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with -T4 PCD3!
#+&+%+# AT. N'to'3ne Cell :ncapsulation
The -T4 '-to-one ell enapsulation /odes are lassified into '-to-one 1PC and '-to-one
1CC! In '-to-one 1PC /ode" one PC arries one or /ore 1PCsI in '-to-one 1CC /ode"
one PC arries one or /ore 1CCs!
+igure 1-21 shows the -T4 '-to-one ell enapsulation! The PCD3 pa9et ontains the
4P#& la.el" ontrol word" and payload!
Copyright Huawei
23
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 -T4 '-to-one ell enapsulation
''
,
S
5X
: '', S 5X: :< (a$e(
S '', 5X: 'unne( (a$e(
0 31$it 20 23 2B
Se?uence nu"$er 0000 F(a)s
C V:2 VC2 :'2
.'> ce(( pa#(oa! @B8 $#tesA
.'> ser/ice pa#(oa!
C V:2 VC2 :'2
*
*
*
*
*
*
Concatenate!
ce((s
Rs/
,en)t
>:,S (a$e(
Contro( %or! @optiona(A
-ormat o8 the .P5S 5abel
4P#& la.els inlude tunnel la.els and PC la.els" whih are used to identify tunnels and PCs
respeti0ely! The for/at of the tunnel la.el is the sa/e as that of the PC la.el! +or details" see
1!1!2!@ 4P#& #a.el!
Control ;ord
The /eanings of the fields in the ontrol word are as follows7
+lags7 This field has a length of @ .its! The @ .its are not used and are set to 0s!
2s07 This field has a length of 2 .its! The 2 .its are reser0ed and are generally set to 0s!
#ength7 This field has a length of B .its! The B .its are not used and are set to 0s!
&e6uene nu/.er7 This field has a length of 1B .its! It is optional and used to guarantee
ordered pa9et deli0ery! If the 1B .its are set to 0s" the algorith/ for he9ing se6uene
nu/.ers is not used!
AT. Service Payload
The -T4 ser0ie payload ontains one or /ore -T4 ells! Dah -T4 ell onsists of the @-
.yte -T4 header and the @*-.yte -T4 ell payload! The -T4 header inludes these four
parts7
1PI7 The ingress PD opies the 1PI field ontained in the -T4 ser0ie payload of the
ino/ing -T4 ell into this field! Chen the e6uip/ent on an 4P#& P&' networ9 sets
Copyright Huawei
2*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
up a 1P" the 1PI field ontained in the -T4 ser0ie payload of the ino/ing -T4 ell is
not used!
1CI7 The ingress PD opies the 1CI field ontained in the -T4 ser0ie payload of the
up a 1C" the 1CI field ontained in the -T4 ser0ie payload of the ino/ing -T4 ell
is not used!
PTI7 This field indiates the .it payload type identifier and has a length of 3 .its! The
ingress PD opies the PTI field ontained in the -T4 ser0ie payload of the ino/ing
-T4 ell into this field!
C7 This field indiates the ell loss priority (C#P) and has a length of 1 .it! The C field is
used for ongestion ontrol! Chen the networ9 .eo/es ongested" ells with C#P K 1
are disarded first! The ingress PD opies the C#P field ontained in the -T4 ser0ie
payload of the ino/ing -T4 ell into this field!
-n -T4 ser0ie payload has a length of (2 .ytes (that is" a @-.yte -T4 ell header and a @*-.yte -T4
ell payload)" whereas a general-purpose -T4 ell has a length of (3 .ytes! The 1-.yte header error
he9 (HDC) field found in the -T4 ''I ell is not present in the -T4 ser0ie payload!
#+&+%+% AT. 3ne'to'3ne Cell :ncapsulation
-T4 one-to-one ell enapsulation /odes are lassified into one-to-one 1PC and one-to-one
1CC! In one-to-one 1PC /ode" one PC arries one 1PCI in one-to-one 1CC /ode" one PC
arries one 1CC! The two /odes adopt different enapsulation /odes!
+igure 1-22 shows the enapsulation /odes of one-to-one 1PC and one-to-one 1CC"
inluding the 4P#& la.el" ontrol word" -T4 speifi" and payload! -T4 speifi ontains
ontrol infor/ation re6uired .y the -T4 ser0ie! -T4 speifi /ay .e longer than one .yte"
whih is deter/ined .y the type of -T4 ser0ie!
Figure 1.1 -T4 one-to-one ell enapsulation
>:,S (a$e( Contro( %or! .'> ce(( pa#(oa! .'> specific
1-to-1 VCC .'> 1-to-1 V:C .'>
''
,
S
5X
: '', S 5X: :< (a$e(
S '', 5X: 'unne( (a$e(
0 31$it 20 23 2B
Se?uence nu"$er 0000 Rs/
*
*
*
*
*
*
>VRs/ :'2 C
> VRs/ :'2 C
Contro( <or! Re?uire!
Se?uence nu"$er 0000 Rs/
*
*
*
VC2
> VRs/ :'2 C
VC2
>VRs/ :'2 C VC2
''
,
S
5X
: '', S 5X: :< (a$e(
S '', 5X: 'unne( (a$e(
0 31$it 20 23 2B
Contro( <or! Optiona(
Copyright Huawei
2A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+or traditional -T4 1PC" the egress PD annot hange the 1CI field! +or -T4 one-to-one
ell enapsulation" the 1CI field of the egress PD an .e set to a different 0alue fro/ that of
the ingress PD! The 1CI field of the egress PD is set to a 0alue that is deter/ined .y the PC
la.el!
.P5S 5abel
1!1!2!@ 4P#& #a.el!
Control ;ord
The /eanings of the fields in the ontrol word are as follows7
00007 This field has a length of @ .its and they /ust .e set to 0!
2s07 This field has a length of @ .its! The @ .its are reser0ed and are generally set to 0!
&e6uene nu/.er7 This field has a length of 1B .its! It is optional and used to guarantee
ordered pa9et deli0ery! If the 1B .its are set to 0" the algorith/ for he9ing se6uene
nu/.ers is not used!
AT. Speci6c
The /eanings of the fields in -T4 speifi are as follows7
47 This field has a length of 1 .it and indiates the transfer /ode (that is" whether the
pa9et is an -T4 ell or the payload of a fra/e)! If 4 K 0" the pa9et is an -T4 ellI if
4 K 1" the pa9et is the payload of a fra/e!
17 This field has a length of 1 .it and indiates whether the pa9et ontains the 1CI
field! If 1 K 0" the pa9et does not ontain the 1CI fieldI if 1CI K 1" the pa9et ontains
the 1CI field!
The 1CC is an -T4 onnetion /ode that is .ased on the 1CI 0alue of the -T4 ell header! That is" it
does not use the 1CI field ( 1 K 0)!
1PC is an -T4 onnetion /ode that is .ased on the 1PI 0alue of the -T4 ell header! That is" eah
ell ontains the 1CI field (1 K 1)!
2s07 This field has a length of 2 .its! The 2 .its are reser0ed and are generally set to 0!
AT. Service Payload
The -T4 ser0ie payload ontains one or /ore -T4 ells! Dah -T4 ell onsists of the @-
.yte -T4 header and the @*-.yte -T4 ell payload! The -T4 header inludes these four
parts7
1CI7 The ingress PD opies the 1CI field ontained in the -T4 ser0ie payload of the
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
up a 1C" the 1CI field ontained in the -T4 ser0ie payload of the ino/ing -T4 ell
is not used!
-n -T4 ser0ie payload has a length of (2 .ytes (that is" a @-.yte -T4 ell header and a @*-.yte -T4
ell payload)" whereas a general-purpose -T4 ell has a length of (3 .ytes! The 1-.yte header error
he9 (HDC) field found in the -T4 ''I ell is not present in the -T4 ser0ie payload!
#+&+%+& Number o8 AT. Cells :ncapsulated in P;:& Pac,ets
The nu/.er of -T4 ells enapsulated in PCD3 pa9ets is deter/ined .y the para/eters
Maximum Number of Cocateated Cells and !oadig Time!
The nu/.er of -T4 ells in a -T4 ser0ie is deter/ined .y the para/eters Maximum
Number of Cocateated Cells and ATM Cell Cocateatio "aitig Time!
Chen Maximum Number of Cocateated Cells is set to 1" eah PCD3 pa9et
ontains only one -T4 ell! &peifially" an -T4 ell is diretly enapsulated into a
PCD3 pa9et after the PD reei0es an -T4 ell fro/ the -C!
Chen Maximum Number of Cocateated Cells is set to a 0alue greater than 1" the PD
uses the ti/er ATM Cell Cocateatio "aitig Time! If the PD reei0es the
/a;i/u/ nu/.er of -T4 ells fro/ the -C .efore the ti/er e;pires" the PD
enapsulates all the reei0ed -T4 ells into a PCD3 pa9et and resets the ti/er! If the
ti/er e;pires" the PD enapsulates all the reei0ed -T4 ells into a PCD3 pa9et and
resets the ti/er" e0en if the /a;i/u/ nu/.er of -T4 ells is not reahed!
#+&+%+0 <oS o8 AT. P;:&
The Eo& re6uire/ents depend on the ategory of the -T4 ser0ie! -s suh" set the PH=
ser0ie le0el of an -T4 PCD3 pa9et .ased on the ategory of the e/ulated -T4 ser0ie to
ensure speifi Eo& o.:eti0es!
&peify an appropriate PH= ser0ie le0el for an -T4 ser0ie .ased on its ategory! The
following ta.le pro0ides the default /apping relationships .etween -T4 ser0ie ategories
and PH= ser0ie le0els!
Table 1.1 4apping relationships .etween -T4 ser0ie ategories and PH= ser0ie le0els
AT. Service Cateory P!) Service 5evel
C=2 D+
rt-1=2 -+3
nrt-1=2 -+2
5=2L -+1
5=2 =D
P$2T-T2-'& =D
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
AT. Service Cateory P!) Service 5evel
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent perfor/s Eo& for -T4 PCD3 pa9ets as follows!
Ingress node
The PH= ser0ie lass of an -T4 PCD3 pa9et an .e /anually speified! Chen a
pa9et lea0es an ingress node" the D%P 0alue of the pa9et is deter/ined aording to
the /apping (.etween PH= ser0ie lasses and D%P 0alues) defined .y the ,iff&er0
do/ain of the egress port!
Transit node
Chen a pa9et enters a transit node" the PH= ser0ie lass of the pa9et is deter/ined
aording to the /apping (.etween D%P 0alues and PH= ser0ie lasses) defined .y the
,iff&er0 do/ain of the ingress port! Chen a pa9et lea0es a transit node" the D%P 0alue
of the pa9et is deter/ined aording to the /apping (.etween PH= ser0ie lasses and
D%P 0alues) defined .y the ,iff&er0 do/ain of the egress port!
Chen an 4P#& tunnel uses a /anually speified D%P 0alue" the D%P 0alue of -T4 PCD3 pa9ets is
fi;ed" not affeted .y a ,iff&er0 do/ain!
#+&+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations for -T4 PCD3!
Item Speci6cations
&er0ie type

Point-to-point ser0ie .ased on -T4 onnetions!
That is" se0eral -T4 onnetions on one ser0ie
port are arried .y one PC!
Con0ergene ser0ie .ased on -T4 onnetions!

That is" se0eral -T4 onnetions on different
ser0ie ports are arried .y one PC!
&er0ie aess /ode

-T4
I4-
Connetion type

P1P
P1C
Protetion type

5nproteted
PC -P&
&la0e protetion pair

'u/.er of loal -T4 onnetions
that one .oard supports
12*
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of loal -T4
onnetions that one 'D supports

$pti% $&' (007 3*@
$pti% $&' ((07 (12

4a;i/u/ nu/.er of re/ote -T4
onnetions that one .oard
2(B
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cations
supports
onnetions that one 'D supports

$pti% $&' (007 3B*
$pti% $&' ((07 102@

ser0ies that one .oard supports
32
ser0ies that one 'D supports

$pti% $&' (007 AB
$pti% $&' ((07 12*

B@

$pti% $&' (007 1A2
$pti% $&' ((07 2(B

4a;i/u/ nu/.er of
transparently trans/itted -T4
32
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of
transparently trans/itted -T4
$pti% $&' (007 *0
$pti% $&' ((07 1A2

4a;i/u/ nu/.er of
onatenated -T4 ells
31
-T4 ell onatenation waiting
ti/e
100 Ms to (0000 MsI inre/ent7 100 Ms
'u/.er of -T4 $-4 resoures 'o restrition
-T4 $-4 type CC" #=" 2,I" -I&
4a;i/u/ 1PI 0alue of -T4
ser0ies

5'I7 2((
''I7 @0A(
4a;i/u/ 1CI 0alue of -T4
ser0ies
B((3(
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of I4- groups 32
4a;i/u/ /e/.ers in one I4-
group
1B
4ini/u/ nu/.er of ati0e lin9s 1B
4a;i/u/ delay .etween lin9s in
an I4- group (/s)
120
-T4 traffi /anage/ent &upported
4&-PC &upported
PC $-4 &upported
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cations
PC -P& &upported
1CC1 &upported
PC ping)traeroute &upported
#+&+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with -T4 PCD3!
The following standard is assoiated with -T4 PCD37
IDT+ 2+C @3137 ,efinitions of Te;tual Con0entions and $.:et-identities for -T4
4anage/ent
#+&+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the -T4 PCD3 feature!
Version Support
Product Applicable Version
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
!ard7are Support
Applicable )oard Applicable
!ard7are Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
4,1

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
Copyright Huawei
3@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+&+4 Principles
This setion desri.es the priniples of -T4 PCD3!
The -T4 PCD3 in the enapsulation for/at of one-to-one 1PC an .e replaed .y the -T4 PCD3 in
the enapsulation for/at of '-to-one 1PCI the -T4 PCD3 in the enapsulation for/at of one-to-one
1CC an .e replaed .y the -T4 PCD3 in the enapsulation for/at of '-to-one 1CC! This setion
onsiders the -T4 PCD3 in the enapsulation for/at of '-to-one 1CC as an e;a/ple" whih funtions
as a referene for the other -T4 types!
In the senario as shown in +igure 1-23" the PDs e/ulate Dthernet ser0ies in the
enapsulation for/at of '-to-one 1CC!
Figure 1.1 Priniples of the -T4 PCD3 ser0ie ('-to-one 1CC)
:SN
:51
:52
,S:
:<
.C
C51
C52
C53
.C
.C
V:2C10
VC2C10
V:2C11
VC2C11
V:2C20
VC2C20
.'> ser/ice
.'> :<53 ser/ice
.'> contro( %or!
.'> ser/ice
pa#(oa!
>:,S ,a$e(
V:2C21
VC2C21
No!e7
RNC
1! D;trats the -T4 ser0ie pa9ets that are trans/itted .y CD1 and CD2 fro/ the -Cs!
Copyright Huawei
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2! Pre-proesses the ser0ie payloads prior to PCD3" inluding set-up of the -T4
onnetions and Eo& poliies .etween CD1 and PD1" and .etween CD2 and PD1!
3! 4aps -T4 ser0ie payloads to the orresponding PC!
@! Dnapsulates the -T4 ser0ies into PCD3 pa9ets in standard for/at!
(! 4aps the PC into the #&P for trans/ission!
1! ,e/ultiple;es the PC fro/ the #&P!
2! ,eapsulates the PC" and e;trats ser0ie payloads fro/ the PC!
3! 2estores the -T4 ser0ies .ased on the ser0ie payloads!
@! &elets the -C for forwarding pa9ets" perfor/s orresponding Eo& proessing" and
forwards the -T4 ser0ie ells to CD3" .ased on the reated -T4 onnetions and Eo&
poliies .etween PD2 and CD3!
#+&+* Con6urin AT. P;:&
This setion desri.es the onfiguration tas9 and e;a/ple of -T4 PCD3!
+or details" see Configuring -T4 PCD3 &er0ies!
#+0 :T! P;:&
This hapter desri.es the DTH PCD3 feature!
#+0+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of DTH PCD3 and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
The DTH PCD3 tehnology e/ulates the .asi .eha0iors and harateristis of Dthernet
ser0ies on a pa9et swithed networ9 (P&') .y using the PCD3 /ehanis/" so that the
e/ulated Dthernet ser0ies an .e trans/itted on a P&'!
Purpose
DTH PCD3 ai/s to trans/it Dthernet ser0ies o0er a P&'! +igure 1-2@ shows the typial
appliation of DTH PCD3!
Copyright Huawei
3B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of DTH PCD3
:SN
:51
:52
Nati/e
5ternet
ser/ice
5'& :<53
C52
Nati/e
5ternet
ser/ice
,S:
:<
.C
.C
5ternet fra"e 5'& :<53 pac-et
C51
@No!e7A
@RNCA
+or the Dthernet ser0ies arried on PCs that the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports" see 1!@!2!@
D-#ine &er0ies Carried on PCs!
#+0+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with DTH PCD3!
#+0+%+# -ormat o8 an :T! P;:& Pac,et
-fter an Dthernet fra/e is enapsulated into a PCD3 pa9et" the PCD3 pa9et ontains the
4P#& la.el" ontrol word (optional)" and payload!
Pac,et -ormat
+igure 1-2( shows the for/at of an DTH PCD3 pa9et" onsisting of the 4P#& la.el" ontrol
word" and payload!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 +or/at of an DTH PCD3 pa9et
''
,
S
5X
: '', S 5X: :< (a$e(
S '', 5X: 'unne( (a$e(
0 31$it 20 23 2B
Se?uence nu"$er 0000 Reser/e!
:a#(oa!
@5ternet fra"eA
>:,S (a$e(
Contro( %or! @optiona(A
:a#(oa!
.P5S 5abel
1!1!2!@ 4P#& #a.el!
Control ;ord
The @-.yte ontrol word within an DTH PCD3 pa9et is optional and ontains the following
fields7
00007 This field indiates the first @ .its and they /ust .e set to 0!
2eser0ed7 This field has a length of 12 .its and is reser0ed!
&e6uene nu/.er7 This field has a length of 1B .its and indiates the deli0ery se6uene
nu/.er of an DTH PCD3 pa9et! Its initial 0alue is rando/" and is inreased .y one
integer with eah DTH PCD3 pa9et sent!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent does not support the ontrol word during the enapsulation of an DTH
PCD3 pa9et!
Payload
The payload refers to the Dthernet fra/e that is enapsulated into an DTH PCD3 pa9et! $ne
DTH PCD3 pa9et an enapsulate only one Dthernet fra/e! ,uring the enapsulation" the
preset PC Dnapsulation 4ode is adopted!
#+0+%+% Service'Delimitin Ta and P; :ncapsulation .ode
The ser0ie-deli/iting tag and PC enapsulation /ode are used to indiate how the outer
layer of the C-)&-1#-' tag of an Dthernet pa9et is proessed when the Dthernet pa9et is
forwarded!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Service'Delimitin Ta
The ser0ie-deli/iting tag is used to indiate the user aess /ode" that is" the enapsulation
/ode when the Dthernet ser0ie is reei0ed .y the -C! &er0ie-deli/iting tags are lassified
into two ategories7
5ser
If the ser0ie-deli/iting tag is #ser" the user aess /ode is Et$eret! In this ase" the
Dthernet fra/e that the CD sends to the PD does not arry a pro0ider-tag (P-Tag)! If the
fra/e header ontains the 1#-' tag" the 1#-' tag is the inner 1#-' tag of the user
pa9et" whih is alled user-tag (5-Tag)! The PD does not identify or proess a 5-Tag!
&er0ie
If the ser0ie-deli/iting tag is %er&ice" the user aess /ode is '!AN! In this ase" the
Dthernet fra/e that the CD sends to the PD arries a pro0ider-tag (P-Tag)" whih is
pro0ided for the arrier to differentiate users! The PD identifies and proesses a P-Tag
.ased on the PC enapsulation /ode!
$n the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent" the supported ser0ie-deli/iting tag is #ser!
The struture of a P-Tag is the sa/e as that of an &-Tag!
P; :ncapsulation .ode
The PC enapsulation /ode is used to indiate whether a P-Tag is added when an Dthernet
fra/e is enapsulated into an DTH PCD3 pa9et! The PC enapsulation /odes are lassified
into two ategories7
2aw /ode
In this /ode7
N Chen the ser0ie-deli/iting tag is #ser" in the diretion that an Dthernet fra/e enters
the PC" the PD diretly enapsulates the Dthernet fra/e into a PCD3 pa9et after
reei0ing it fro/ the -CI in the diretion that an Dthernet fra/e lea0es the PC" the
PD deapsulates the Dthernet fra/e .efore trans/itting it to the -C!
N Chen the ser0ie-deli/iting tag is %er&ice" in the diretion that an Dthernet fra/e
enters the PC" the PD strips the outer tag (P-Tag) of the Dthernet fra/e and
enapsulates it into a PCD3 pa9et after reei0ing it fro/ the -CI in the diretion
that an Dthernet fra/e lea0es the PC" the PD deapsulates the Dthernet fra/e and
adds a P-Tag .efore trans/itting it to the -C!
Tagged /ode
In this /ode7
N Chen the ser0ie-deli/iting tag is #ser" in the diretion that an Dthernet fra/e enters
the PC" the PD adds a P-Tag and enapsulates the Dthernet fra/e into a PCD3 pa9et
after reei0ing it fro/ the -C (the added P-Tag is alled re6uest 1#-')I in the
diretion that an Dthernet fra/e lea0es the PC" the PD deapsulates the Dthernet
fra/e and strips the P-Tag .efore trans/itting it to the -C!
N Chen the ser0ie deli/iting tag is %er&ice" in the diretion that an Dthernet fra/e
enters the PC" the PD hanges the P-T-< (the last tag) in Dthernet fra/e reei0ed
fro/ the -C and enapsulates the Dthernet fra/e into a PCD3 pa9etI in the
diretion that an Dthernet fra/e lea0es the PC" the PD reo0ers the P-T-< in the
deapsulated Dthernet fra/e!
Copyright Huawei
3A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+or the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent" you an set a re6uest 1#-' 0alue for eah PC whose enapsulation
/ode is the Dthernet tagged /ode" .ut the T-PI, 0alue in the re6uest 1#-' /ust .e uni6ue on the 'D!
Typical Application
+igure 1-2B shows a 'ode= .a9haul networ9!
The 2'C an proess &-1#-' tags! It alloates an &-1#-' I, to eah 'ode= to
separate the ser0ies of a 'ode= fro/ those of another!
The 'ode= an proess C-1#-' tags only! It alloates a C-1#-' I, to eah type of
ser0ie on a 'ode=!
Therefore" the re6uest 1#-' funtion /ust .e ena.led to add &-1#-' I,s to isolate the
ser0ies on different 'ode=s!
&et the re6uest 1#-' 0alues on 'D1 and 'D2 as follows7
If the PC1 enapsulation /ode of 'D1 is the tagged /ode" set the re6uest 1#-' to
100I if PC2 enapsulation /ode of 'D1 is the tagged /ode" set the re6uest 1#-' to
200!
The PC1 and PC2 enapsulation /ode of 'D2 is the raw /ode!
'D1 and 'D2 proess the ser0ies as follows7
In the ser0ie uplin9 diretion" to trans/it the ser0ie of 'ode= 1 fro/ 'D1 to PC1"
'D1 adds the re6uest 1#-' (&-1#-') 100 to the ser0ie .eause the PC
enapsulation /ode is the tagged /odeI to trans/it the ser0ie fro/ 'D2 to the 2'C"
'D2 deapsulates the ser0ie pa9et and transparently trans/its the &-1#-' tag (100)!
#i9ewise" the ser0ie of 'ode= 2 arries an &-1#-' tag (200) when trans/itted fro/
'D2 to the 2'C! In this ase" the ser0ies at the sa/e port (P$2T1) are isolated!
In the ser0ie downlin9 diretion" to trans/it the ser0ie of the 2'C fro/ 'D2 to PC1"
'D2 adds the &-1#-' tag to the ser0ie .eause the PC enapsulation /ode is the raw
/odeI to trans/it the ser0ie fro/ 'D1 to 'ode= 1" 'D1 deapsulates the ser0ie
pa9et and strips the &-1#-' tag! #i9ewise" the ser0ie of the 2'C does not arry an &-
1#-' tag when trans/itted fro/ 'D1 to 'ode= 2!
Copyright Huawei
@0
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Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of the PC enapsulation /ode
:SN
N51
N52
,S:
:<1
.C
.C
.C
RNC
:<16 ta))e! "o!e
Re?uest V,.N6 100
No!e7 1
No!e7 2
C-V,.N6 100-200
C-V,.N6 100-200
:<2
:<16 ra% "o!e
.C
S-V,.N6 100
S-V,.N6 200
:<26 ta))e! "o!e
Re?uest V,.N6 200
:<26 ra% "o!e
:OR' 1
#+0+%+& <oS o8 :T! P;:&
-fter .eing enapsulated into DTH PCD3 pa9ets" Dthernet ser0ies still retain the original
PH= ser0ie le0els!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent perfor/s Eo& for DTH PCD3 pa9ets as follows!
Ingress node
The PH= ser0ie lass of an DTH PCD3 pa9et an .e /anually speified! Chen a
pa9et lea0es an ingress node" the D%P 0alue of the pa9et is deter/ined aording to
the /apping (.etween PH= ser0ie lasses and D%P 0alues) defined .y the ,iff&er0
do/ain of the egress port!
Transit node
#+0+%+0 :'5ine Services Carried on P;s
+or the D-#ine ser0ie ategory" a PC an .e used to arry Dthernet ser0ies on an Dthernet
port! In this senario" this type of Dthernet ser0ie is alled the D-#ine ser0ie arried on PCs!
Service .ode
Ta.le 1-3 defines the /odel of the D-#ine ser0ies arried on PCs!
Copyright Huawei
@1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 4odel of the D-#ine ser0ies arried on PCs
Service
.odel
Service
-lo7
Service
Direction
Port .ode :ncapsulati
on .ode o8
Port
Service
Description
4odel 1 P$2TLC1#-'
(soure)
PC (sin9)
5'I-''I #ayer 2 (soure)
#ayer 3 (sin9)
IDDD *02!16
(soure)
- (sin9)
- 5'I port
proesses the
pa9ets arrying
a speifi C-
1#-' I, .ased
on its tag
attri.ute" and
then sends the
pa9ets to the
''I side for
trans/ission on
PCs!
4odel 2 P$2TL&1#-'
(soure)
PC (sin9)
#ayer 3 (sin9)
EinE (soure)
- (sin9)
- 5'I port
proesses the
pa9ets arrying
a speifi &-
1#-' I, .ased
on its EinE
attri.ute" and
then sends the
pa9ets to the
''I side for
trans/ission on
PCs!
4odel 3 P$2T (soure)
PC (sin9)
#ayer 3 (sin9)
*02!1E or EinE
or 'ull (soure)
- (sin9)
- 5'I port
he9s the
reei0ed pa9ets
arrying a
speifi C-
1#-' I, or &-
1#-' I, .ased
on the *02!1E
or EinE type
and then
trans/its the/
to the ''I side
for trans/ission
on PCs! If the
EinE type
do/ain is is set
to 'ull" all
pa9ets are
diretly
trans/itted to
the ''I side!
Copyright Huawei
@2
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Typical Application
+igure 1-23 shows the typial appliation of ser0ie /odel 1! &er0ie 1 is present .etween the
'ode= 1 and the 2'C" and ser0ie 2 is present .etween the 'ode= 2 and the 2'C! The two
ser0ies ha0e different 1#-' I,s and need to .e trans/itted o0er the P&'!
$n the 5'I side of 'D1" ser0ie 1 is trans/itted to port 1 and ser0ie 2 is trans/itted to port
2! $n the ''I side of 'D1" ser0ie 1 and ser0ie 2 are trans/itted on different PCs! In this
/anner" the two ser0ies are separately trans/itted!
'D2 proesses the two ser0ies in the sa/e /anner as 'D1!
Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of ser0ie /odel 1
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V,.N 2D6 100
Ser(ie &
:ort6 1@802*1FA
V,.N 2D6 100
Ser(ie &
:ort6 2@802*1FA
V,.N 2D6 200
Ser(ie $
:ort6 2@802*1FA
V,.N 2D6 200
Ser(ie $
No!e7 1
:<1
:<2
.C
+igure 1-2* shows the typial appliation of ser0ie /odel 2! &er0ie 1 (EinE ser0ie) is
present .etween 'ode= 1 and the 2'C" and ser0ie 2 (EinE ser0ie) is present .etween the
'ode= 2 and the 2'C! The two ser0ies ha0e different &-1#-' I,s and need to .e
trans/itted o0er the P&'!
Copyright Huawei
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UNI NNI
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S-V,.N 2D6 100
Ser(ie &
:ort6 1@FinFA
S-V,.N 2D6 100
Ser(ie &
:ort6 2@FinFA
S-V,.N 2D6 200
Ser(ie $
:ort6 2@FinFA
S-V,.N 2D6 200
Ser(ie $
No!e7 1
:<1
:<2
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+igure 1-2A shows the typial appliation of ser0ie /odel 3! &er0ie 1 (Dthernet ser0ie) is
present .etween the 'ode= 1 and the 2'C" and ser0ie 2 (Dthernet ser0ie) is present
.etween the 'ode= 2 and the 2'C! &er0ie 1 arries 0arious C-1#-' I,s" and ser0ie 2
arries 0arious &-1#-' I,s! The two ser0ies need to .e trans/itted o0er the P&'!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.( Typial appliation of ser0ie /odel 3
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:ort6 2@FinFA
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:ort6 2@FinFA
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#+0+%+2 :'5AN Services Carried on P;s
The PC-arried D-#-' ser0ies are point-to-/ultipoint and /ultipoint-to-/ultipoint
ser0ies! The e6uip/ent reali8es the point-to-/ultipoint and /ultipoint-to-/ultipoint
trans/ission of Dthernet ser0ies through the D-#-'!
Service .odels
Ta.le 1-* defines the PC-arried D-#-' ser0ie /odels!
Table 1.1 PC-arried D-#-' ser0ie /odels
Service
.odel
Service
-lo7
Service
Direction
Port .ode Port
:ncapsulati
on Type
Description
4odel 1 P$2TLC-
1#-' (soure)
PC (sin9)
#ayer 3 (sin9)
IDDD *02!16
(soure)
- (sin9)
- 5'I port
proesses the
pa9ets arrying
a speifi C-
1#-' I, .ased
on its tag
attri.ute and
then sends the
pa9ets to the
''I side for
trans/ission on
PCs!
4odel 2 P$2TL&-
1#-' (soure)
PC (sin9)
#ayer 3 (sin9)
EinE (sin9)
- (sin9)
- 5'I port
proesses the
pa9ets arrying
Copyright Huawei
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Service
.odel
Service
-lo7
Service
Direction
Port .ode Port
:ncapsulati
on Type
Description
a speifi &-
1#-' I, .ased
on its EinE type
field" and then
sends the
pa9ets to the
''I side for
trans/ission on
PCs!
PC (sin9)
#ayer 3 (sin9)
IDDD *02!16 or
EinE (soure)
- (sin9)
- 5'I port
proesses the
reei0ed pa9ets
.ased on its tag
attri.ute or
EinE type field"
and then sends
the pa9ets to
the ''I side for
trans/ission on
PCs!
Typical Application
+igure 1-30 shows the typial appliation of ser0ie /odel 1! =ranh - and =ranh = do not
o//uniate with eah other" and the data of the/ should .e separated fro/ eah other! The
head6uarter" howe0er" needs to o//uniate with all the .ranhes!
&er0ie 1 is present .etween =ranh - and =ranh -" ser0ie 2 is present .etween =ranh =
and =ranh =" and the two ser0ies are present .etween .ranhes and head6uarter" The two
ser0ies arry different 1#-' I,s and need to .e trans/itted o0er a P&'!
$n the 5'I side of 'D1" ser0ie 1 is reei0ed .y port 1 and ser0ie 2 is reei0ed .y port 2!
$n the ''I side of 'D1" ser0ie 1 and ser0ie 2 are trans/itted separately on two PCs!
$n the 5'I side of 'D2" ser0ie 1 and ser0ie 2 are reei0ed .y port 1! $n the ''I side of
'D2" ser0ie 1 and ser0ie 2 are trans/itted separately on two PCs!
Copyright Huawei
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UNI
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V,.N 2D6 100
Ser(ie &
:ort6 1@802*1FA
V,.N 2D6 100+ 200
Ser(ie &, $
:ort6 2@802*1FA
V,.N 2D6 200
Ser(ie $
7ranc 7
NNI
UNI
&ea!?uarter
7ranc . 7ranc 7
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:ort6 2@802*1FA
V,.N 2D6 200
Ser(ie $
:ort6 1@802*1FA
V,.N 2D6 100
Ser(ie &
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and =ranh =" and the two EinE ser0ies are present .etween .ranhes and head6uarter" The
two ser0ies arry different &-1#-' I,s and need to .e trans/itted o0er a P&'!
Copyright Huawei
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7ranc .
UNI NNI NNI
UNI
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S-V,.N 2D6 100
Ser(ie &
:ort6 1@FinFA
S-V,.N 2D6 100+ 200
Ser(ie &, $
:ort6 2@FinFA
S-V,.N 2D6 200
Ser(ie $
7ranc 7
NNI
UNI
&ea!?uarter
7ranc . 7ranc 7
.C
.C
:ort6 2@FinFA
S-V,.N 2D6 200
Ser(ie $
:ort6 1@FinFA
S-V,.N 2D6 100
Ser(ie &
:<1
:<2
and =ranh =" and the two EinE ser0ies are present .etween .ranhes and head6uarter"
&er0ie 1 arries 0arious C-1#-' I,s" and ser0ie 2 arries 0arious &-1#-' I,s! The two
ser0ies need to .e trans/itted o0er a P&'!
'D3 and 'D3 proess the two ser0ies in the sa/e /anner as 'D1!
Copyright Huawei
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UNI
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Ser(ie &
:ort6 1@802*1FA
Ser(ie &
:ort6 2@FinFA
Ser(ie $
7ranc 7
NNI
UNI
&ea!?uarter
7ranc . 7ranc 7
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:ort6 2@FinFA
Ser(ie $
:ort6 1@802*1FA
Ser(ie &
:ort6 2@FinFA
Ser(ie $
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#+0+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations for DTH PCD3!
Item Speci6cations
&er0ie type D-#ine ser0ie
D-#-' ser0ie
PC type Dthernet
Dthernet Tagged 4ode
PC enapsulation /ode 2aw /ode
Tagged /ode
&er0ie-,eli/iting Tag $pit% $&' (007
5ser
&er0ie
$pit% $&' ((07
5ser
&er0ie
$pit% $&' (*07
5ser
&er0ie flow type $pit% $&' (007
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Item Speci6cations
P$2T
P$2TLC1#-'
P$2TL&1#-'
$pit% $&' ((07
P$2T
P$2TLC1#-'
P$2TL&1#-'
$pit% $&' (*07
P$2T
P$2TLC1#-'
P$2TL&1#-'
P$2TLC1#-'L&1#-'
4&-PC &upported
PC $-4 &upported
PC -P& &upported
1CC1 &upported
PC Ping)Traeroute $pit% $&' (007
&upported
$pit% $&' ((07
&upported
$pit% $&' (*07
'ot supported
#+0+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with DTH PCD3!
The following standard is assoiated with DTH PCD37
IDT+ 2+C @@@*7 Dnapsulation 4ethods for Transport of Dthernet o0er 4P#& 'etwor9s
#+0+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the DTH PCD3 feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
Copyright Huawei
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#+0+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for DTH PCD3 at the networ9
design phase!
Net7or, Desin Principles
-eature
Dependency and
5imitation 3b=ect
Content Remar,s
1P#& The PC .andwidth
li/itation is not supported!
')-
The #4 funtion is not
supported!
')-
The suppression of
.roadast pa9ets at ''I
ports is not supported!
')-
1P#& annot oe;ist with
'ati0e D-#-' ser0ies on
an 'D!
')-
Chen P$2T-.ased PC D-
#ine ser0ies need to .e
reated on the ports whose
enapsulation type is null"
only end-to-end PC D-line
ser0ies are supported! The
o/.ination of D-#ine L D-
#-' ser0ies is not
supported!
')-
Chen a 5'I is shared .y
1PC& (Dthernet tagged
/ode) ser0ies and 1P#&
ser0ies" the 5'I annot .e
added into a #-<!
')-
1PC& 1PC& annot e;lusi0ely
oupy a 5'I port!
')-
Chen the PC enapsulation
/ode is tag" the 5'I port
attri.ute an only .e tag!
Chen the PC enapsulation
/ode is raw" the 5'I port
attri.ute an only .e tag or
aess!
')-
'etwor9ing is not supported
with the ser0ie
disri/inator .eing ser0ie"
the PC enapsulation /ode
.eing raw" and the ser0ie
')-
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-eature
Dependency and
5imitation 3b=ect
Content Remar,s
o0er the 5'I port .eing a
P$2TL1#-'LP2I-.ased
ser0ie!
#+0+* Principles
This setion desri.es the priniples of DTH PCD3!
In the senario as shown in +igure 1-33" the PD de0ies e/ulate Dthernet ser0ies!
Figure 1.1 Priniples of DTH PCD3
:SN
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5ternet
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5ternet
ser/ice
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5ternet fra"e 5'& :<53 pac-et
C51
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1! D;trats the Dthernet fra/es that are trans/itted .y CD1 fro/ the -C!
2! Dnapsulates the Dthernet fra/es into PCD3 pa9ets in standard for/at!
3! 4aps the PCD3 pa9ets to an #&P for trans/ission!
2! D;trats Dthernet fra/es fro/ the PCD3 pa9ets arried on the PC!
3! +orwards the Dthernet fra/es to CD2 o0er the -C!
Transmission :>ciency o8 an :T! P;:& Service
Oou an alulate the trans/ission effiieny of an DTH PCD3 ser0ie as follows7
Trans/ission effiieny K Dthernet fra/e length)(Payload length L PCD3 o0erhead length L
Dthernet #ayer 2 o0erhead length)
Dthernet fra/e length
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N 5ntagged Dthernet fra/e length K 1* L Dthernet payload length
N Tagged Dthernet fra/e length K 22 L Dthernet payload length
N EinE fra/e length K 2B L Dthernet payload length
PCD3 o0erhead length K 4P#& la.el length L PC la.el length L CC length
-n 4P#& la.el" PC la.el" and CC are all four .ytes!
Dthernet #ayer 2 o0erhead length K Dthernet fra/e header length L +C& length
N -n untagged Dthernet fra/e header is 1@ .ytes!
N - tagged Dthernet fra/e header is 1* .ytes!
N -n +C& is @ .ytes!
N =y default" an Dthernet pa9et arrying the 4P#& pa9et is tagged! Therefore" the
Dthernet #ayer 2 o0erhead is 22 .ytes!
The pre0ious for/ula o/putes the payload trans/ission effiieny" without the onsideration of the
20-.yte interfra/e gap and prea/.le! These 20 .ytes are o/itted in DTH PCD3!
Chen DTH PCD3 ser0ies are trans/itted o0er radio lin9s or Dthernet lin9s" the DTH PCD3 ser0ie
trans/ission effiieny pertains to the effiieny of physial lin9s trans/itting Dthernet fra/es!
#+0+1 Con6urin :T! P;:&
This setion desri.es the onfiguration tas9 and e;a/ple of DTH PCD3!
+or details" see Configuring DTH PCD3 &er0ies!
#+2 TD. P;:&
This hapter desri.es the T,4 PCD3 feature!
#+2+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of T,4 PCD3 and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
The T,4 PCD3 tehnology e/ulates the .asi .eha0iors and harateristis of T,4
ser0ies on a pa9et swithed networ9 (P&') .y using the PCD3 /ehanis/" so that the
e/ulated T,4 ser0ies an .e trans/itted on a P&'!
T,4 PCD3 ser0ies are also alled CD& ser0ies arried .y PCD3! In this dou/ent" all the
CD& ser0ies are arried .y PCD3!
Purpose
T,4 PCD3 ai/s to trans/it T,4 ser0ies o0er a P&'! Dspeially" the 1!(!2!3 CD&oP&'
/ode an o/press idle ti/eslots to redue the re6uired trans/ission .andwidth!
+igure 1-3@ shows the typial appliation of T,4 PCD3! The nati0e T,4 ser0ies .etween
the =T& and the =&C are trans/itted o0er a P&'! PD1 e/ulates the nati0e T,4 ser0ies
fro/ the =T& into CD& ser0ies .y using the CD&oP&' tehnology! Then" the CD& ser0ies
are trans/itted to PD2 o0er the P&'! +inally" PD2 restores the CD& ser0ies to the nati0e
T,4 ser0ies for trans/ission to the =&C!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of T,4 PCD3 (CD&oP&' /ode)
:SN
:51 :52 C51 C52
.C .C
@7'SA
@7SCA
,S:
Nati/e 'D>
ser/ice
'D> :<53
Fra"e! 51
-- --
2!(e 'S Ser/ice 'S
:<
Fra"e! 51 'D> :<53 pac-et
Nati/e 'D>
ser/ice
-ided .y the T,4 PCD3 tehnology" on0entional T,4 networ9s an .e onneted .y a
P&'! In this /anner" PCD3 protets usto/er in0est/ent in T,4 networ9s and onstruts
all-IP networ9 arhiteture!
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with T,4 PCD3!
#+2+%+# :# -rame -ormat
-n D1 fra/e onsists of 32 ti/eslots! D1 fra/es are a0aila.le in different for/ats when
lassified .ased on the usage of ti/eslot 0 and ti/eslot 1B!
-rame -ormats )ased on the Usae o8 Timeslot "
+igure 1-3( shows the for/ats of ti/eslot 0 in D1 fra/es!
Figure 1.1 +or/ats of ti/eslot 0 in D1 fra/es
'S0 'S1 'S2 'S1D 'S30 'S31
32 ti"es(ots per fra"e
@125 usA
'i"es(ot 0
5/en-nu"$ere!
fra"e
O!!-nu"$ere!
fra"e
:C>
fra"e
X 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
X 1 . SaB-Sa8
F.S
NF.S
-s shown in +igure 1-3(" the for/at of ti/eslot 0 in an odd-nu/.ered fra/e is different fro/
that in an e0en-nu/.ered fra/e! The signal ontained in ti/eslot 0 of an e0en-nu/.ered
Copyright Huawei
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fra/e is alled fra/e align/ent signal (+-&)I the signal ontained in ti/eslot 0 of an odd-
nu/.ered fra/e is alled not fra/e align/ent signal ('+-&)" whih ontains the --.it
indiating re/ote alar/s and spare .its &a@ to &a*! The +-& and '+-& eah ontain an %-.it!
=ased on the funtion of the %-.it" D1 fra/es are lassified into generi dual-fra/es and
yli redundany he9 @ (C2C-@) /ultifra/es!
Chen the D1 fra/e is a generi dual-fra/e" the %-.it funtions as the &i-.it!
Chen the D1 fra/e is a C2C-@ /ultifra/e" the %-.it is used to trans/it C2C-@
/ultifra/e he9 signal" C2C-@ he9 error .its" and /ultifra/e align/ent signal
(4+-&)!
-rame -ormats )ased on the Usae o8 Timeslot #4
D1 fra/es an .e lassified into PC430 fra/es and PC431 fra/es" depending on whether
ti/eslot 1B trans/its 0oie or signaling!
- PC430 fra/e uses hannel assoiated signaling (C-&)! In this /ode" ti/eslot 0" as a
synhronous ti/eslot" annot arry 0oieI ti/eslot 1B" to arry C-&" annot arry 0oie
either! -s a result" one D1 fra/e an arry only 30 0oie signals" and it is therefore alled
a PC430 fra/e!
- PC431 fra/e uses o//on hannel signaling (CC&)! - /ultifra/e in CC& /ode
does not need to trans/it C-&! In this /ode" e;ept for ti/eslot 0 that arries
synhronous signals" one D1 fra/e an arry 31 0oie signals and it is therefore alled a
PC431 fra/e!
The two lassifiation /ethods fous on two attri.utes of D1 fra/es" and they an .e
o/.ined! &peifially" there are four D1 fra/e for/ats in atual appliation7
PC430C2C (PC430 L C2C-@ /ultifra/e)
PC430'$C2C (PC430 L generi dual-fra/e)
PC431C2C (PC431 L C2C-@ /ultifra/e)
PC431'$C2C (PC431 L generi dual-fra/e)
#+2+%+% SAToP
&truture--gnosti Ti/e ,i0ision 4ultiple;ing o0er Pa9et (&-ToP) is a /ethod for
enapsulating T,4 serial .it strea/s as pseudo wires!
&-ToP pro0ides the e/ulation and transport funtions for unhanneli8ed T,4 ser0ies! That
is" it addresses only struture-agnosti transport! Therefore" &-ToP an /eet the transport
needs when a user needs ser0ies .ased on D1s!
&-ToP seg/ents and enapsulates T,4 ser0ies as serial .it strea/s" and then trans/its the
.it strea/s in PC tunnels! -lthough it disregards the T,4 fra/e struture" it supports
trans/ission of synhronous infor/ation!
+igure 1-3B shows the enapsulation for/at of a &-ToP pa9et!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Dnapsulation for/at of a &-ToP pa9et
''
,
S
5X
: '', S 5X: :< (a$e(
S '', 5X: 'unne( (a$e(
0 31$it 20 23 2B
, ,5N Se?unce nu"$er 0000 R RSV FRG
'D> !ata
>:,S (a$e(
Contro( %or!
'D> !ata
R': ea!er @Optiona(A
R': ea!er
- &-ToP pa9et ontains the 4P#& la.el" ontrol word" 2TP header" and T,4 data!
.P5S 5abel
1!1!2!@ 4P#& #a.el!
Control ;ord
The ontrol word of a &-ToP pa9et is @-.yte long and ontains the following fields7
00007 The @ .its are generally set to all 0s! They are used to indiate the start of an
-ssoiated Channel Header (-CH)! The -CH is needed if the state of the &-ToP PC is
/onitored using 0irtual iruit onneti0ity 0erifiation (1CC1)!
#7 This .it indiates whether the T,4 data arried in a pa9et is 0alid! If set to 1" it
indiates that the T,4 data is o/itted in order to onser0e .andwidth!
27 This .it indiates whether its loal CD-side interwor9ing funtion (IC+) is in the
pa9et loss state! If set to 0" it indiates that a preonfigured nu/.er of onseuti0e
pa9ets are reei0ed!
2&17 The 2 .its are reser0ed!
+2<7 The 2 .its indiate frag/entation with the following 0alues7
N 007 indiates that the entire T,4 data is enapsulated in the pa9et!
N 017 indiates that the first frag/entation of the T,4 data is enapsulated in the
pa9et!
N 107 indiates that the last frag/entation of the T,4 data is enapsulated in the
pa9et!
N 117 indiates that the /iddle frag/entation of the T,4 data is enapsulated in the
pa9et!
#D'7 The B .its indiate the length of the &-ToP pa9et (inluding the &-ToP header
and T,4 data)! The /ini/u/ length of a transport unit on a P&' is B@ .ytes! Chen a
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pa9et is shorter than B@ .ytes" #D' indiates the atual length of the pa9et"
representing padding .its! If a pa9et is longer than B@ .ytes" #D' is set to all 0s!
If #D' is 0" the pa9et length is supposed to .e e6ual to the default 0alue! If the atual pa9et length is
different fro/ the default 0alue" the pa9et is onsidered as a /alfor/ed pa9et!
&e6uene nu/.er7 The 1B .its indiate the trans/ission se6uene nu/.er of a &-ToP
pa9et! Its initial 0alue is rando/" and is inre/ented .y one with eah &-ToP data
pa9et sent! If the se6uene nu/.er of a pa9et reahes the /a;i/u/ (B((3()" the
se6uene nu/.er of its ne;t pa9et will start with the /ini/u/! The se6uene nu/.er
an .e in two /odes7
N Huawei /ode7 applies to the senario where only Huawei e6uip/ent o/poses a
networ9! In this /ode" the /ini/u/ se6uene nu/.er is 0!
N &tandard /ode7 applies to the senario where Huawei e6uip/ent networ9s with third-
party e6uip/ent! In this /ode" the /ini/u/ se6uene nu/.er is 1!
RTP !eader
The 2TP header is 12-.yte long! +or the speifi for/at of the 2TP header" see 2+C 3((0!
$n the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent" you an set whether the 2TP header is enapsulated into the &-ToP
pa9et!
TD. Data
?T,4 data? indiates the T,4 data payload in the for/ of serial .it strea/! Chen a PC
pa9et is shorter than B@ .ytes" fi;ed .its are padded to /eet Dthernet trans/ission
re6uire/ents!
The a/ount of D1 .it strea/s that are enapsulated in a PC pa9et is deter/ined .y )ac*et
!oadig Time! )ac*et !oadig Time indiates the duration for a PC pa9et to load T,4
.it strea/s! 2egarding that the nu/.er of loaded T,4 .it strea/s is e6ual to )ac*et
!oadig Time /ultiplied .y the D1 rate" )ac*et !oadig Time li/its the nu/.er of loaded
T,4 .it strea/s! +or instane" when the pa9et loading ti/e is 1 /s" eah PC pa9et an
load 20@*-.it-long D1 payloads!
#+2+%+& C:SoPSN
Ciruit D/ulation &er0ie o0er Pa9et &withed 'etwor9 (CD&oP&') is a /ethod for
enapsulating T,4 fra/es as pseudo wires!
CD&oP&' pro0ides the e/ulation and transport funtions for hanneli8ed T,4 ser0ies! That
is" it identifies the T,4 fra/e for/at and signaling in the fra/e! Therefore" CD&oP&' an
/eet the transport needs when a user needs ser0ies .ased on ti/eslots!
Cith the fra/e for/at of the T,4 ser0ie identified" CD&oP&' does not trans/it idle
ti/eslot hannelsI instead" CD&oP&' e;trats only the usa.le ti/eslots fro/ the ser0ie flow
and then enapsulates these ti/eslots as PC pa9ets for trans/ission!
CD&oP&' need to .e /anually speified!
+igure 1-33 shows the enapsulation for/at of a CD&oP&' pa9et!
Copyright Huawei
(*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Dnapsulation for/at of a CD&oP&' pa9et
''
,
S
5X
: '', S 5X: :< (a$e(
S '', 5X: 'unne( (a$e(
0 31$it 20 23 2B
, ,5N Se?unce nu"$er 0000 R > FRG
'i"es(ot n @Fra"e 1HA
'i"es(ot 2 'i"es(ot 3 'i"es(ot B

'i"es(ot 5
'i"es(ot n @Fra"e 2HA
'i"es(ot 1 'i"es(ot 2 'i"es(ot 3 'i"es(ot B

'i"es(ot 5
'i"es(ot n @Fra"e "HA
'i"es(ot 1
>:,S (a$e(
Contro( %or!
'D> !ata
R': ea!er
R': ea!er @Optiona(A
- CD&oP&' pa9et ontains the 4P#& la.el" ontrol word" 2TP header" and T,4 data!
.P5S 5abel
1!1!2!@ 4P#& #a.el!
Control ;ord
The ontrol word of a CD&oP&' pa9et is @-.yte long and ontains the following fields7
00007 The @ .its are generally set to all 0s! They are used to indiate the start of an
-ssoiated Channel Header (-CH)! The -CH is needed if the state of the CD&oP&' PC
is /onitored using 0irtual iruit onneti0ity 0erifiation (1CC1)!
#7 This .it indiates whether the T,4 data arried in a pa9et is 0alid! If set to 1" it
indiates that the T,4 data is o/itted in order to onser0e .andwidth!
27 This .it indiates whether its loal CD-side interwor9ing funtion (IC+) is in the
pa9et loss state! If set to 0" it indiates that a preonfigured nu/.er of onseuti0e
pa9ets are reei0ed!
47 The 2 .its are used for alar/ transparent trans/ission" indiating that the CD end or
-C side of the uplin9 PD detets a ritial alar/!
+2<7 The 2 .its indiate frag/entation with the following 0alues7
N 007 indiates that the entire T,4 data is enapsulated in the pa9et!
N 017 indiates that the first frag/entation of the T,4 data is enapsulated in the
pa9et!
Copyright Huawei
(A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
N 107 indiates that the last frag/entation of the T,4 data is enapsulated in the
pa9et!
N 117 indiates that the /iddle frag/entation of the T,4 data is enapsulated in the
pa9et!
#D'7 The B .its indiate the length of the CD&oP&' pa9et (inluding the CD&oP&'
header and T,4 data)! The /ini/u/ length of a transport unit on a P&' is B@ .ytes!
Chen a pa9et is shorter than B@ .ytes" #D' indiates the atual length of the pa9et"
representing padding .its! If a pa9et is longer than B@ .ytes" #D' is set to all 0s!
If #D' is 0" the pa9et length is supposed to .e e6ual to the default 0alue! If the atual pa9et length is
different fro/ the default 0alue" the pa9et is onsidered as a /alfor/ed pa9et!
&e6uene nu/.er7 The 1B .its indiate the trans/ission se6uene nu/.er of a CD&oP&'
pa9et! Its initial 0alue is rando/" and is inre/ented .y one with eah CD&oP&' data
pa9et sent! If the se6uene nu/.er of a pa9et reahes the /a;i/u/ (B((3()" the
se6uene nu/.er of its ne;t pa9et will start with the /ini/u/! The se6uene nu/.er
an .e in two /odes7
N Huawei /ode7 applies to the senario where only Huawei e6uip/ent o/poses a
networ9! In this /ode" the /ini/u/ se6uene nu/.er is 0!
N &tandard /ode7 applies to the senario where Huawei e6uip/ent networ9s with third-
party e6uip/ent! In this /ode" the /ini/u/ se6uene nu/.er is 1!
RTP !eader
The 2eal-Ti/e Transport Protool (2TP) header is used to arry ti/esta/p infor/ation to the
re/ote end so that the pa9et lo9 an .e restored! The 2TP header is 12-.yte long! The 32-
.it ti/esta/p field in the 2TP header represents the ti/esta/p infor/ation! +or the speifi
for/at of the 2TP header" see 2+C 3((0!
$n the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent" you an set whether the 2TP header is enapsulated into the CD&oP&'
pa9et!
TD. Data
?T,4 data? indiates T,4 data payloads! Chen a PC pa9et is shorter than B@ .ytes" fi;ed
.its are padded to /eet Dthernet trans/ission re6uire/ents!
?Ti/eslot? indiates the ti/eslot in T,4 fra/es! Dah ti/eslot uses * .its! -ll the ti/eslots
are enapsulated as T,4 data payloads (e;luding the C2C .it)! The nu/.er of enapsulated
fra/es and the nu/.er of ti/eslots in eah fra/e an .e set as re6uired!
$n the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent7 CD&oP&' does not enapsulate ti/eslot 0 of D1 into the payload" and
the re/ote PD restruture the ti/eslots!
The a/ount of D1 fra/es that are enapsulated in a PC pa9et is deter/ined .y )ac*et
!oadig Time! )ac*et !oadig Time indiates the duration for a PC pa9et to load T,4
fra/es" and therefore li/its the nu/.er of loaded T,4 fra/es! The period of a T,4 fra/e
is 12( Ps! -s a result" if the pa9et loading ti/e is 1 /s" eah PC pa9et loads eight T,4
fra/es!
Copyright Huawei
B0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+2+%+0 Data ?itter )u@er
-fter CD& pa9ets are trans/itted o0er a P&'" the inter0als .etween pa9et arri0als /ay .e
different and the pa9ets /ay .e /isordered! To ensure that the T,4 .it strea/s an .e
reonstruted on the egress PD" a :itter .uffer is re6uired to s/ooth the inter0als .etween
pa9et arri0als and to reorder the /isordered pa9ets!
+igure 1-3* shows the wor9ing priniple of the data :itter .uffer!
Figure 1.1 Cor9ing priniple of the data :itter .uffer
0
<rite
Rea!
1 2 3 B 5 D n
5)ress
?ueue
2n)ress
?ueue
Fueue
tai(
Fueue
ea!
3
<rite
Rea!
1 2 0 B 5 D n
5)ress
?ueue
Fueue
tai(
Fueue
ea!
Data pac-ets in or!er
Data pac-ets not in or!er
2n)ress
?ueue
1
2
The data :itter .uffer wor9s as follows7
The data :itter .uffer ena.les the pa9ets to enter the 6ueue in the order that the pa9ets
arri0e at the interfae! -t the sa/e ti/e" data :itter .uffer ena.les the pa9ets to lea0e the
6ueue in the order that the pa9ets enter the 6ueue!
Chen the pa9ets are reei0ed with onseuti0e se6uene nu/.ers" the write pointer
writes data into the 6ueue" .eginning at the tail of the 6ueueI the read pointer reads data
fro/ the 6ueue" .eginning at the head of the 6ueue!
Chen the reei0ed pa9ets are /isordered" the read pointer auto/atially ao//odates
to reading pa9ets in the orret order!
The si8e of the data :itter .uffer an .e set as re6uired! - low-apaity :itter .uffer easily
o0erflows" and as a result data /ay .e lost at different degreesI a high-apaity :itter .uffer
an a.sor. :itters resulting fro/ larger pa9et trans/ission inter0als on the networ9" .ut a
large delay /ay .e generated when the T,4 .it strea/s are reonstruted! Therefore" during
ser0ie deploy/ent" you need to properly onfigure the data :itter .uffer .ased on the atual
networ9 delay and :itter onditions!
#+2+%+2 C:S Alarm Transmission
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent uses the #)4 and 2 fields in the ontrol word to transparently
trans/it alar/s!
CD& alar/ transparent trans/ission in0ol0es trans/itting loal CD& alar/s to the re/ote end"
and inserting orresponding alar/s to notify the re/ote end of faults in the loal end!
,epending on the position where the alar/ is generated" CD& alar/ transparent trans/ission
an .e .etween -C sides" and fro/ the ''I side to the -C side!
Copyright Huawei
B1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
C:S Alarm Transparent Transmission )et7een AC Sides
There are two senarios where CD& alar/s are transparently trans/itted .etween -C sides!
The fault infor/ation on the -C lin9 or port is trans/itted through the P&' as follows7
Figure 1.1 CD& alar/ transparent trans/ission .etween -C sides (1)
:SN
:51
,S:
:<
.C1
.C2
RNC
:52
No!e7
If PD1 detets a lin9 fault or an D1 port fault on the -C1 side" PD1 returns 2,I to
upstrea/ and infor/s PD2 of the fault through the # field of ontrol word! 5pon
reei0ing the ontrol word" PD2 reports the CD&PCH$PP$&ITDH-C+-5#T alar/ and
inserts -I& to the -C2 side!
The ser0ie alar/s on the -C side are transparently trans/itted through the P&' as
follows7
Figure 1.2 CD& alar/ transparent trans/ission .etween -C sides (2)
:SN
:51
,S:
:<
.C1
.C2
RNC
:52
No!e7
If the 2'C detets a lin9 fault or an D1 port fault on the -C2 side" the 2'C returns 2,I
to PD2I PD2 reports the 2-I alar/ and infor/s PD1 of the fault through the #)4 field of
ontrol word! 5pon reei0ing the ontrol word" PD1 reports the 2-I alar/ and returns
2,I to -C1!
The &-ToP enapsulation /ode does not support the 4 field" and therefore annot transparently
trans/it the 2-I alar/!
C:S Alarm Transparent Transmission 8rom the NNI Side to the AC
Side
+igure 1-@1 shows the CD& alar/ transparent trans/ission fro/ the ''I side to the -C side!
Copyright Huawei
B2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 CD& alar/ transparent trans/ission fro/ the ''I side to the -C side
:SN
:51
,S:
:<
.C1
.C2
RNC
:52
No!e7
Chen deteting that pa9et loss ratio ontinuously .eyond the preset threshold" PD2 inserts
the -I& alar/ into -C2" and uses the 2 field in the ontrol word to trans/it the infor/ation to
PD1! Then" PD1 reports the 2-I alar/ .ased on the 2 field!
#+2+%+4 Cloc, Recovery Schemes o8 TD. P;:&
Chen lo9s need to .e trans/itted with CD& ser0ies" you an adopt CD& reti/ing or CD&
adapti0e lo9 reo0ery (-C2) as re6uired!
C:S Retimin
CD& reti/ing is an approah to redue signal :itter after CD& ser0ies tra0erse a trans/ission
networ9! It o/.ines the ti/ing referene signal and CD& ser0ie signal for trans/ission!
Therefore" the trans/itted CD& ser0ie signal arries the ti/ing infor/ation that is
synhroni8ed with the ti/ing referene signal! CD& reti/ing is applia.le when the following
onditions are /et7
-ll the lo9s on the P&' are synhronous!
-ll the lo9s on the P&' are synhroni8ed with the lo9 of the ino/ing ser0ie!
+igure 1-@2 shows a lo9 solution wherein the =&C trans/its synhroni8ation infor/ation to
the =T& o0er the P&' with CD& reti/ing ena.led! In this solution7
PD1 reei0es an D1 ser0ie fro/ the =&C" and e;trats the lo9 fro/ the CD& ser0ie
(the D1 ser0ie is e/ulated into the CD& ser0ie after entering the P&')! The e;trated
lo9 funtions as the pri/ary referene lo9" and is traed .y the other 'Ds on the
P&'! In this /anner" all the lo9s on the P&' are synhroni8ed with the lo9 of the
=&C!
CD& reti/ing is ena.led on PD2 so that the syste/ lo9 of PD2 an .e arried in the D1
ser0ie sent to the =T& (the CD& ser0ie is restored to the D1 ser0ie after lea0ing the
P&')! The lo9 of PD2 is synhroni8ed with that of the =&C" so the =T& an e;trat the
lo9 of the =&C fro/ the reei0ed D1 ser0ie!
Copyright Huawei
B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Priniples of CD& reti/ing
:SN
C51
C52
:51 :52
F2FO
51
ser/ice
51
ser/ice
Rea! c(oc- @S#ste" c(oc-A
C(oc-
@7SCA
@7'SA
51
ser/ice
51
ser/ice
C5S ser/ice
,S:
CD& reti/ing is i/ple/ented as follows7 The D1 .it strea/s restored fro/ the CD& ser0ie
are written into a +irst In" +irst $ut (+I+$) 6ueue" and then are read out fro/ the +I+$ 6ueue
.y using the reti/ing lo9! The output signal ontains the reti/ing lo9I therefore" it is
synhroni8ed with the pri/ary referene lo9" with the :itter and wander in the original D1
ser0ie a.sor.ed .y the data :itter .uffer!
C:S ACR
CD& -C2 is a tehnology wherein the CD& ser0ie is used to restore the lo9 of the soure
end in an adapti0e /anner! The sin9 end reo0ers the lo9 .ased on the pa9et reei0ed on
its ''I side! CD& -C2 is applied in the following senarios7
-ll the lo9s on the P&' are not synhronous!
-ll the lo9s on the P&' are synhronous" .ut the lo9s on the P&' are not
synhroni8ed with the lo9 of the ino/ing ser0ie!
+or the priniple and i/ple/entation proess of CD& -C2" see 3!(!3 Priniples!
#+2+%+* <oS o8 TD. P;:&
The Eo& of T,4 ser0ies features low delay" low :itter" and fi;ed .andwidth! Therefore" a
high enough per-hop .eha0ior (PH=) le0el needs to .e assigned to CD& pa9ets!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent perfor/s Eo& for T,4 PCD3 pa9ets as follows!
Ingress node
The PH= ser0ie lass of a T,4 PCD3 pa9et an .e /anually speified (the PH=
ser0ie lass is set to D+" .y default)! Chen a pa9et lea0es an ingress node" the D%P
0alue of the pa9et is deter/ined aording to the /apping (.etween PH= ser0ie
lasses and D%P 0alues) defined .y the ,iff&er0 do/ain of the egress port!
Transit node
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Chen an 4P#& tunnel uses a /anually speified D%P 0alue" the D%P 0alue of T,4 PCD3 pa9ets is
fi;ed" not affeted .y a ,iff&er0 do/ain!
In addition" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports the CD& C-C funtion! If .andwidth
resoures are insuffiient when CD& ser0ies are reated" the ser0ies annot .e reated and
the syste/ will display a pro/pt /essage!
To ena.le the CD& C-C funtion" set the .andwidth of tunnel arrying CD& ser0ies" and PC .andwidth
of other PCD3 ser0ies arried on the tunnel!
#+2+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations for T,4 PCD3!
Item Speci6cations
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of CD&

$pti% $&' (007 12B
$pti% $&' ((07 2(B

4a;i/u/ nu/.er of CD&

$pti% $&' (007 12B
$pti% $&' ((07 2(B

D/ulation /ode

&-ToP
CD&oP&'
Ti/ing /ode

CD& -C2
CD& reti/ing
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of CD& -C2
lo9s that one .oard supports
@
Pa9et loading ti/e 12( Ps to (000 PsI inre/ent7 12( Ps
Fitter .uffer ti/e 33( Ps to 1B000 PsI inre/ent7 12( Ps
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of a0aila.le
ti/eslots for CD& ser0ies
31
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with T,4 PCD3!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with T,4 PCD37
IDT+ 2+C 3((07 2TP7 - Transport Protool for 2eal-Ti/e -ppliations
IDT+ 2+C @1A37 2e6uire/ents for Ddge-to-Ddge D/ulation of Ti/e ,i0ision
4ultiple;ed (T,4) Ciruits o0er Pa9et &withing 'etwor9s
IDT+ 2+C @((37 &truture--gnosti Ti/e ,i0ision 4ultiple;ing (T,4) o0er Pa9et
(&-ToP)
IDT+ 2+C (0*B7 &truture--ware Ti/e ,i0ision 4ultiple;ed (T,4) Ciruit D/ulation
&er0ie o0er Pa9et &withed 'etwor9 (CD&oP&')
Copyright Huawei
B(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
IT5-T <!30@7 &ynhronous fra/e strutures used at 1(@@" B312" 20@*" *@@* and @@ 33B
9.it)s hierarhial le0els
#+2+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the T,4 PCD3 feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
4,1

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
#+2+4 Principles
This setion desri.es the priniples of T,4 PCD3!
-s shown in +igure 1-@3" the PD de0ie uses 1!(!2!3 CD&oP&' to e/ulate nati0e T,4
ser0ies! 1!(!2!2 &-ToP uses a si/ilar enapsulation proess" .ut does not identify the D1
fra/e for/at or proess the ti/eslots of the D1 fra/e!
Copyright Huawei
BB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Priniples of T,4 PCD3 ser0ies (CD&oP&' /ode)
:SN
:51 :52 C51 C52
.C .C
@7'SA
@7SCA
,S:
Nati/e 'D>
ser/ice
'D> :<53
Fra"e! 51
-- --
2!(e 'S Ser/ice 'S
:<
Fra"e! 51 'D> :<53 pac-et
Nati/e 'D>
ser/ice
1! D;trats the D1 .it strea/s that are trans/itted .y CD1 fro/ the -C!
2! &eg/ents the D1 .it strea/s" with a speified nu/.er of D1 fra/es ontained in eah
seg/entation!
3! D;trats 0alid payloads fro/ the speified ti/eslots in eah seg/ent" and enapsulates
the 0alid payloads into a PCD3 pa9et in standard for/at!
@! 4aps the PCD3 pa9ets to an #&P for trans/ission!
2! D;trats the 0alid payloads fro/ the PCD3 pa9ets arried on the PC!
3! 2estores D1 fra/es .ased on the 0alid payloads (the unused ti/eslots are padded .ased
on the preonfigured *-.it pattern)" and reonstruts the D1 .it strea/s!
Ti/eslot 0 is not padded .ased on the preonfigured *-.it pattern" .ut is regenerated .ased on the
preonfigured PC4 for/at!
@! +orwards the D1 .it strea/s to CD2 o0er the -C!
(! Co/.ines the CD& lo9s into .it strea/s!
#+2+* Con6urin TD. P;:&
This setion desri.es the onfiguration tas9 and e;a/ple of T,4 PCD3!
+or details" see $peration Tas9s for Configuring CD& &er0ies!
#+4 AT. )asics
This hapter desri.es the .asis of asynhronous transfer /ode (-T4)!
Copyright Huawei
B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+4+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of -T4 and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
-T4 is i/ple/ented .ased on ells! It adopts the fast pa9et swithing tehnology and
statistial /ultiple;ing approah to trans/it a wide range of ser0ies suh as 0oie" data" and
0ideo!
-T4 has the following features7
-n -T4 networ9 is onnetion-oriented! This /eans that two -T4 end users an
o//uniate with eah other only after a onnetion is esta.lished!
+i;ed-length -T4 ells are pa9et swithed!
- ser0ie ontrat (see 1!3 -T4 Traffi 4anage/ent) is esta.lished at the ti/e a
onnetion is set up to assure -T4 ser0ies of e;peted Eo& o.:eti0es!
Purpose
If the 'Ds on a networ9 do not support the -T4 funtion" the -T4 ser0ies arried on
P,H)&,H are trans/itted as ordinary P,H)&,H ser0ies! 'e0ertheless" if the 'Ds on the
networ9 support the -T4 funtion" the -T4 ser0ies an .e trans/itted in for/ of -T4
ells" as shown in +igure 1-@@! This /ethod allows /ore effiient trans/ission .y using the
features of -T4 pa9et swithing" pro0ides -T4-layer protetion" and assures -T4 ser0ies
of e;peted Eo& o.:eti0es!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9 supporting the -T4 funtion
transport
net%or-
No!e7
.'> s%itc
.'> ce(( strea"
#+4+% )asic Concept
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with -T4!
Copyright Huawei
B*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+4+%+# Architecture and Inter8aces o8 an AT. Net7or,
-n -T4 networ9 o/prises a nu/.er of -T4 swithes that are interonneted through
0arious -T4 interfaes!
Figure 1.1 -rhiteture and interfaes of an -T4 networ9
.'> net%or- 1
0N2 NN2
7-2C2
NN2 NN2
0ser e?uip"ent
.'> s%itc
0N2
NN2
NN2
NN2
.'> net%or- 2
-s shown in +igure 1-@(" the interfaes used on an -T4 networ9 are lassified into the
following types!
5ser-to-'etwor9 Interfae (5'I)
- 5'I onnets usto/er e6uip/ent to an -T4 swith!
'etwor9-to-'etwor9 Interfae (''I)
-n ''I onnets one -T4 swith to another -T4 swith!
=-I&,' Inter Carrier Interfae (=-ICI)
- =-ICI onnets -T4 swithes fro/ different networ9 arriers for internal onnetions
.etween /ultiple -T4 networ9 arriers!
#+4+%+% AT. 5in,
-T4 lin9s" lassified into 0irtual hannel (1C) lin9s and 0irtual path (1P) lin9s" e;tend
.etween two ad:aent -T4 swithes!
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Figure 1.1 -T4 lin9s
'rans"ission
pat
V:
V:
V:
V:
VC
VC
VC
VC
.'> s%tic
-s shown in +igure 1-@B" 1C lin9s are 0irtual lin9s trans/itting -T4 ells .etween two
ad:aent -T4 swithes! 4ultiple 1C lin9s with the sa/e attri.utes an .e .ound to for/ a
1P lin9! - 1P lin9 is identified .y a 0irtual path identifier (1PI)! That is" eah 1P lin9
trans/its -T4 ells that arry its 1PI 0alue! - 1C lin9 is identified .y a 0irtual hannel
identifier (1CI)! That is" eah 1C lin9 trans/its -T4 ells that arry its 1PI and 1CI 0alues!
1PI and 1CI are only 0alid on the loal interfae! That is" another physial hannel /ay ha0e
a 1P lin9 with the sa/e 1PI 0alue and a 1C lin9 with the sa/e 1CI 0alue!
#+4+%+& AT. Connection
-T4 lin9s are onatenated to for/ an -T4 onnetion" whih pro0ides the end-to-end
trans/ission funtion!
-T4 onnetions are a0aila.le in two ategories!
1irtual path onnetion (1PC)
1P lin9s are onatenated to for/ a 1PC" as shown in +igure 1-@3! The 1P lin9s in the
sa/e 1PC an ha0e the sa/e or different 1PI 0alues!
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Figure 1.1 1PC
V:C
V:2C22
VC2C35
V:2C12
VC2C35
.'> ce((
.'> s%itc
V: (in-@V:2C12A
V: (in-@V:2C22A
V:2C12
VC2CB0
V:2C22
VC2CB0
1irtual hannel onnetion (1CC)
1C lin9s are onatenated to for/ a 1CC" as shown in +igure 1-@*! The 1C lin9s in the
sa/e 1CC an ha0e the sa/e or different 1CI 0alues!
Figure 1.2 1CC
VCC
V:2C22
VC2CB0
V:2C12
VC2C35
.'> ce((
.'> s%itc
VC (in-
@ V:2C12+ VC2C35A
VC (in-
@ V:2C22+ VC2CB0A
-s shown in +igure 1-@A" if /ultiple 1CCs ha0e the o0erlapped trans/ission path" the
o0erlapped onnetions an .e onsolidated into a 1PC so that these 1CCs an share one
1PC! This /ethod si/plifies the proessing of -T4 onnetions at the inter/ediate -T4
swithes!
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Figure 1.( 1CCs sharing a 1PC
VC2C30 VC2CB5
VC2C50
V:2C12
VC2C55
VC2CD5
VCC1
V:C
.'> cell
.'> s%itc
VCC2
V:2C12
VC2C35
V:2C2
V:2CB2
V:2C32
V:2C52
V:2C22
VC2C55
V:2C22
VC2C35
V: (in- @ V:2C12A
V: (in- @ V:2C22A
#+4+%+0 AT. S7itchin
-T4 swithing allows one -T4 swith to swith the ells on an -T4 lin9 to another -T4
lin9 for esta.lish/ent of an -T4 onnetion!
-T4 swithing is a0aila.le in two types" na/ely" 1C swithing and 1P swithing" as shown
in +igure 1-(0!
1C swithing
In 1C swithing" an -T4 swith swithes the ells on a 1C lin9 to another 1C lin9! In
this ase" .oth the 1PI and 1CI 0alues of the ells are e;hanged!
1P swithing
In 1P swithing" an -T4 swith swithes the ells on a 1P lin9 to another 1P lin9! In
this ase" only the 1PI 0alues of the ells are e;hanged!
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Figure 1.1 -T4 swithing
/C swith
/+ swith
VC2 1 VC2 2 VC2 3 VC2 B
VC2 1
VC2 2
VC2 1
VC2 2
VC2 1
VC2 2
VC2 3
VC2 B
V:2 1
V:2 B
V:2 1 V:2 3 V:2 2
V:2 2
V:2 3
V:2 5
:ort 1
:ort 2
:ort 3
:ort
#+4+%+2 AT. Protocol Re8erence .odel
The -T4 protool referene /odel is o/posed of a user plane" a ontrol plane" and a
/anage/ent plane!
This setion desri.es only the funtions of the user plane!
Physical 5ayer
The physial layer pri/arily pro0ides trans/ission paths for -T4 ells! It adds trans/ission
o0erheads to the ells fro/ the -T4 layer to for/ ontinuous .it strea/s! It also e;trats
0alid ells fro/ the reei0ed ontinuous .it strea/s trans/itted on a physial /ediu/ and
sends the 0alid ells to the -T4 layer! The physial layer onsists of two su.layers" na/ely"
trans/ission on0ergene (TC) su.layer and physial /ediu/ (P4) su.layer! The P4
su.layer is .elow the TC su.layer!
P4 su.layer
The P4 su.layer defines physial /ediu/ interfaes" line oding" and .it ti/ing!
Currently" IT5-T defines only &,H-.ased and ell-.ased 1(()B22)(1 4.it)s interfaes
and P,H-.ased D1 interfaes! $ther physial /ediu/ interfaes are defined .y other
organi8ations suh as -T4 foru/!
TC su.layer
The TC su.layer pri/arily perfor/s the following funtions7
N Cell rate deoupling
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Cell rate deoupling inludes insertion of idle ells" in order to adapt the rate of 0alid
-T4 ells to the payload apaity of the trans/ission syste/!
N Header error ontrol (HDC) se6uene generation and ell header 0erifiation
The HDC /ehanis/ is used for ell delineation! &peifially" the yli redundany
he9 (C2C) is perfor/ed for e0ery 32 .its and the result is o/pared with the ne;t *
.its! If the two 0alues are idential" a ell header is onsidered found! The HDC
/ehanis/ also perfor/s single-.it error orretion and /ulti-.it error detetion" and
disards ells with erroneous headers!
N Trans/ission fra/e adaptation and trans/ission fra/e generation)reo0ery
Trans/ission fra/e adaptation and trans/ission fra/e generation)reo0ery apply to a
trans/ission syste/ .ased on fra/es! Chen suh a trans/ission syste/ transports
-T4 ells" the -T4 ells /ust .e loaded into trans/ission fra/es! +or e;a/ple"
IT5-T <!*0@ reo//ends that -T4 ells .e /apped into ti/eslots 1-1( and 13-31
in D1 fra/es as speified .y IT5-T <!30@" that is" 0oie ti/eslots in PC430 C2C-@
fra/es! Chen an -T4 ell is /apped" its *-.it ode /ust .e aligned with the *-.it
ode in the D1 fra/e! =efore .eing /apped into the D1 fra/e" the payload of the
-T4 ell (@* .ytes) /ust .e sra/.led!
AT. 5ayer
2esiding a.o0e the physial layer" the -T4 layer uses the ser0ie pro0ided .y the physial
layer to o//uniate with the peer layer .y /eans of ells and to pro0ide ser0ies for the
--#! The harateristis of the -T4 layer are independent of the physial /ediu/ or the
ser0ie trans/itted at the physial layer! The -T4 layer only identifies and proesses ell
headers!
-T4 layer funtions inlude the following ategories!
Cell /ultiple;ing)de/ultiple;ing
Cell /ultiple;ing)de/ultiple;ing is i/ple/ented at the interfae .etween the -T4 layer
and the TC su.layer of the physial layer! In the trans/it diretion" the -T4 layer
o/.ines ells with different 1PI)1CI 0alues into a ell flow and sends the ell flow to
the physial layer! In the reei0e diretion" the -T4 layer identifies ell 1PI)1CI 0alues
fro/ the physial layer and direts the ells to appropriate /odules! +or e;a/ple" if the
-T4 layer identifies signaling ells" it sends the ells to the ontrol planeI if the -T4
layer identifies /anage/ent ells suh as $-4 ells" it sends the ells to the
/anage/ent plane!
Cell header operation
Cell header operations inlude 1PI)1CI filling and payload type filling at user ter/inals"
and 1PI)1CI translation at networ9 nodes!
<eneri flow ontrol
The generi flow ontrol (<+C) funtion is /aintained .y using the <+C .its in the
header! The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent does not support this funtion!
AA5
2esiding a.o0e the -T4 layer" the --# pro0ides 0arious ser0ies with different proessing
/ethods .eause the --# is dependent on ser0ies! Though the /ethods 0ary in different
ser0ies" the --# has to perfor/ ertain o//on operations" inluding di0iding the
infor/ation flows fro/ the upper layer into @*-otet -T4 ser0ie data units (&,5)" and
reasse/.ling and reo0ering -T4-&,5s fro/ the -T4 layer for retrans/ission to the upper
layer!
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-s different ser0ies re6uire different adaptation funtions" IT5-T defines --#1" --#2"
--#3)@" and --#( aording to the ti/ing" .it rates" and onnetion /odes of the soure
and sin9!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent does not pro0ide --# proessing!
#+4+%+4 AT. Cell -ormat
The -T4 ell onsists of a (-otet header and a @*-otet payload field!
AT. Cell Structure
+igure 1-(1 shows the -T4 ell struture!
Figure 1.1 -T4 ell struture
:a#(oa!
@B8 octetsA
&ea!er
@5 octetsA
8 1 7its6 2
1
*
*
*
5
D
53
*
*
*
53-octet ce((
3 B 5 D 7
Trans/ission of -T4 ells adheres to the following on0entions7
=its within an otet are sent in desending order .y nu/.er" starting fro/ .it *!
$tets are sent in asending order .y nu/.er" starting fro/ otet 1!
Cell !eader -ormat
The header struture at a 5'I is slightly different fro/ the header struture at an ''I" as
shown in +igure 1-(2 and +igure 1-(3!
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Figure 1.1 Header struture at a 5'I
''
,
S
5X
:
,a#e
r
2
:D0
V:2
GFC V:2
VC2
VC2
,a#e
r
2
:D0
&5C
C,: :' VC2
Octet
1
5
2
3
B
8 1 2 3 B 5 D 7
Figure 1.2 Header struture at an ''I
''
,
S
5X
:
,a#e
r
2
:D0
V:2
8 1 2
V:2
VC2
VC2
,a#e
r
2
:D0
&5C
C,: :' VC2
Octet
3 B 5 D 7
1
5
2
3
B
The ell header onsists of the following fields7
1PI
The 0irtual path identifier (1PI) field" identifying a 1P lin9 that arries the ell! -t an
''I" the 1PI field ontains 12 .its" whereas the 1PI field at 5'I ontains * .its!
1CI
The 0irtual hannel identifier (1CI) field identifies a 1C lin9 with the 1PI field! The
1CI field ontains 1B .its!
HDC
The header error ontrol (HDC) field ontains * .its! If a ell with header errors is
deteted" HDC perfor/s single-.it error orretion for the ell! HDC also perfor/s ell
delineation! The header of a ell an .e positioned .ased on the relationship .etween the
HDC field and its pre0ious @ otets! HDC" howe0er" needs to .e o/puted for eah lin9
.eause different lin9s ha0e different 1PI)1CI 0alues!
PT
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The payload type (PT) field ontains 3 .its! Chen .it 3 is 0" the ell is a data ellI when
.it 3 is 1" the ell is an $-4 ell! In regards to an $-4 ell" the last 2 .its indiate the
type of the $-4 ell! In regards to a data ell" .it 2 is an e;pliit forward ongestion
indiation (D+CI) and .it 1 is used for -T4 adaptation layer ( (--#()!
C#P
The ell loss priority (C#P) field ontains 1 .it and is used for ongestion ontrol!
<+C
The generi flow ontrol (<+C) field ontains @ .its and is used for 5'Is only! Chen
this funtion is disa.led" the <+C field is set to 0000!
#+4+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with -T4 .asis!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with -T4 .asis7
IT5-T I!3117 =-I&,' <eneral 'etwor9 -spets
IT5-T I!3237 =-I&,' +untional -rhiteture
IT5-T I!3B17 =-I&,' -T4 #ayer &peifiation
IT5-T I!@137 =-I&,' 5ser-networ9 Interfae
IT5-T I!@B07 4ultiple;ing" 2ate -daption and &upport of D;isting Interfaes
IT5-T I!(007 <eneral &truture of the I&,' Interwor9ing 2eo//endations
#+4+0 Availability
The -T4 funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent and .oards!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
!ard7are Support
!ard7are Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
4,1

$pti% $&' (007 $pti% $&' (00)((0
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!ard7are Version
Applicable Product
$pti% $&' ((07

#+4+2 Principles
This setion desri.es the .asi transfer proess of -T4 ells!
-s shown in +igure 1-(@" the 'ode= .a9hauls .ase station ser0ies in -T4 /ode! The -T4
ells fro/ the 'ode= are forwarded hop .y hop and finally arri0e at the 2'C .y using -T4
swithes!
,uring the .a9haul" an -T4 swith forwards the -T4 ells as follows7
&ets up the -T4 onnetion routing ta.le in a stati /anner or .y /eans of signaling!
The routing ta.le reords the onnetion relationships of 1P lin9s and 1C lin9s .etween
interfaes!
D;trats -T4 ells fro/ the reei0ed trans/ission fra/e" and perfor/s ell delineation
and error ontrol!
Identifies the 1PI and 1CI 0alues in the -T4 ells! If the -T4 ells are identified as
$-4 ells" the -T4 swith perfor/s $-4 proessingI if the -T4 ells are identified
as user ells" the -T4 swith translates the 1PI and 1CI 0alues in the -T4 ells .ased
on the -T4 onnetion routing ta.le!
+orwards -T4 ells in the light of preset -T4 traffi /anage/ent poliies!
Perfor/s rate deoupling for the -T4 ells .ased on the type of sin9 interfae" and then
enapsulates and /aps the -T4 ells into trans/ission fra/es for trans/ission to the
ne;t hop!
Figure 1.1 Transfer of -T4 ells
.'> s%i tc
V:2 C B0
VC2 C 15
.'> s%i tc .'> s%i tc
Source port
15 :ort 1
Source VC2
B0
Source V:2
.'> connecti on routi n) ta$( e
V:2 C B5
VC2 C 20
V:2 C 55
VC2 C 25
V:2 C D0
VC2 C 30
No!e7 RNC
.'> ce( (
1 2
1 2 1 2
1
2
:ort 1
:ort 2
Si n- port
20 :ort 2
Si n- VC2
B5
Si n- V:2
Source port
20 :ort 1
Source VC2
B5
Source V:2
Si n- port
25 :ort 2
Si n- VC2
55
Si n- V:2
Source port
25 :ort 1
Source VC2
55
Source V:2
Si n- port
30 :ort 2
Si n- VC2
D0
Si n- V:2
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#+* AT. Tra>c .anaement
This hapter desri.es the -T4 traffi /anage/ent feature!
#+*+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of -T4 traffi /anage/ent and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
-T4 traffi /anage/ent is a /ehanis/ pro0ided .y the -T4 networ9! Cith the
/ehanis/" an -T4 networ9 assures ser0ies of e;peted Eo& o.:eti0es suh as a/ount of
.andwidth" delay" delay 0ariation" and pa9et loss ratio in whate0er situations" so that users
an 9now the e;peted ser0ie le0el!
The e6uip/ent an pro0ide -T4 ser0ies with ensured 6uality le0els .y applying -T4 traffi
ontrol poliies!
Purpose
-T4 traffi /anage/ent ai/s to pre0ent ourrene of ongestion in -T4 ser0ies and
i/pro0e utili8ation of resoures!
If -T4 ser0ies are trans/itted in PCD3 /ode" ser0ie poliies with appropriate priorities
an .e pro0ided for 0arious ategories of -T4 ser0ies arried .y 1PCs or 1CCs .efore the
-T4 ells are enapsulated into PC pa9ets! -s shown in +igure 1-((" -T4 traffi
/anage/ent generally funtions in the ingress diretion of a 5'I on a PD!
Figure 1.1 +untioning point of -T4 traffi /anage/ent
:SN
Functionin) point of
.'> traffic contro(
C5 :5
2n)ress .'> ce((s
#+*+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with -T4 traffi /anage/ent!
#+*+%+# AT. Tra>c Parameters
-T4 traffi para/eters are grouped into an -T4 Eo& desriptor!
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-T4 traffi para/eters inlude pea9 ell rate (PC2)" sustained ell rate (&C2)" ell delay
0ariation tolerane (C,1T)" and /a;i/u/ .urst si8e (4=&)! +or infor/ation a.out eah
traffi para/eter" see Ta.le 1-A!
Table 1.1 -T4 traffi para/eters
AT.
Tra>c
Paramet
er
-ull Name Description
PC2 Pea9 ell rate The PC2 traffi para/eter speifies an upper .ound on
the rate at whih traffi an .e trans/itted to a networ9!
-n inreased PC2 allows a higher ell .urst rate for a
onnetion .ut also results in utili8ation of /ore
resoures!
It is reo//ended that you set the 0alue of the PC2
twie that of the &C2!
&C2 &ustained ell
rate
The &C2 traffi para/eter speifies an upper .ound on
the sustained a0erage rate at whih traffi an .e
trans/itted to a networ9!
-n inreased &C2 diretly inreases the onnetion rate
.ut also results in utili8ation of /ore resoures!
It is reo//ended that you set the &C2 to the re6uired
a/ount of .andwidth!
C,1T Cell delay
0ariation
tolerane
Chen ells fro/ two or /ore onnetions are
/ultiple;ed" trans/ission of ells in a gi0en onnetion
/ay .e delayed as ells of another onnetion are .eing
inserted at the output of the /ultiple;er! &i/ilarly"
trans/ission of so/e ells /ay .e delayed as physial
layer o0erhead or $-4 ells are inserted! Conse6uently"
fro/ the perspeti0e of a reei0e site" the inter-arri0al
ti/e .etween onseuti0e ells 0aries in different periods
of ti/e! The C,1T para/eter speifies an upper li/it on
the 0ariation tolerane!
-n inreased C,1T enhanes the a.ility of a syste/ to
protet against ell delay 0ariation and allows a larger
lin9 differential delay for ells! Chen the PC2 and &C2
are orretly set" you an inrease the C,1T if so/e
ells are still disarded!
4=& 4a;i/u/
.urst si8e
The 4=& traffi para/eter speifies an upper .ound on
the nu/.er of .urst ells that are trans/itted at an
allowed rate!
-n inreased 4=& helps a syste/ .e /ore tolerant of
.ursts on a partiular onnetionI that is" a onnetion is
allowed to trans/it /ore .urst ells!
Inrease the 4=& if traffi .urst is li9ely to our within
a ertain period of ti/e!
4C2 4ini/u/ Cell
2ate
The 4C2 traffi para/eter speifies the /ini/u/ ell
rate! The rate at whih traffi an .e trans/itted to a
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AT.
Tra>c
Paramet
er
-ull Name Description
networ9 annot .e less than this 0alue!
#+*+%+% AT. Service Cateories
-T4 +oru/ defines fi0e ser0ie ategories" eah of whih has different onfor/ane
definitions regarding traffi para/eters!
-T4 +oru/ defines fi0e ser0ie ategories" na/ely" C=2" 5=2" 5=2L" rt-1=2" and nrt-
1=2" as pro0ided in Ta.le 1-10! If the e6uip/ent needs to ontrol traffi" set traffi
para/eters for eah ser0ie ategory on the e6uip/ent!
Table 1.1 -T4 ser0ie ategories and -T4 traffi para/eters
AT.
Servic
e
Cate
ory
-ull
Name
Applica
tion
:9ampl
e
AT.
Tra>c
Param
eter
Description
C=2 Constant
.it rate
1oie"
C=2
0ideo" and
iruit
e/ulation
PC2 and
C,1T
The C=2 ser0ie re6uires tightly
onstrained delay 0ariation and re6uires
that data .e trans/itted at a onstant
rate! In addition" the C=2 ser0ie
re6uests a stati a/ount of .andwidth
and the highest priority!
The C=2 ser0ie is harateri8ed .y
sta.le traffi and few .ursts!
5=2 5nspeifi
ed .it rate
#-'
e/ulation
" IP o0er
-T4" and
unspeifie
d traffi
(suh as
file
transfer
and
e/ail)
PC2 and
C,1T
The 5=2 ser0ie is intended for non-
real-ti/e appliations that allow /any
.ursts! The 5=2 ser0ie does not
speify traffi related ser0ie guarantees!
Instead" the 5=2 ser0ie only re6uires
that the networ9 side pro0ide the ser0ie
with the .est effort (=D) guarantee" and
the networ9 side does not pro0ide any
guarantee for the 5=2 ser0ie! In the
ase of networ9 ongestion" the 5=2
ells are disarded first!
5=2L 5nspeifi
ed .it rate
plus
#-'
e/ulation
" IP o0er
-T4" and
unspeifie
d traffi
(suh as
file
transfer
PC2"
C,1T"
and 4C2
The 5=2L ser0ie is supple/entary to
the 5=2 ser0ie and is intended for
appliations that re6uire an ensured
/ini/u/ ell rate" whih is indiated .y
the /ini/u/ ell rate (4C2) para/eter!
The other harateristis of the 5=2L
ser0ie are the sa/e as the
orresponding harateristis of the
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AT.
Servic
e
Cate
ory
-ull
Name
Applica
tion
:9ampl
e
AT.
Tra>c
Param
eter
Description
and
e/ail)
5=2 ser0ie!
rt-1=2 2eal-ti/e
0aria.le
.it rate
1oie and
1=2
0ideo
PC2"
&C2"
C,1T"
and 4=&
The rt-1=2 ser0ie re6uires tightly
onstrained delay and delay 0ariation!
Co/pared with the C=2 ser0ie" the rt-
1=2 ser0ie allows soures to trans/it
data at a rate that 0aries with ti/e!
D6ui0alently" the soures an .e
desri.ed as .ursty! In addition" the rt-
1=2 ser0ie does not re6uire a stati
a/ount of .andwidth!
nrt-1=2 'on-real-
ti/e
0aria.le
.it rate
Pa9et
trans/issi
on"
ter/inal
/eeting"
and file
transfer
PC2"
&C2" and
4=&
Co/pared with the rt-1=2 ser0ie" the
nrt-1=2 ser0ie does not re6uire tightly
onstrained delay or delay 0ariation" and
is intended for non-real-ti/e
appliations!
The nrt-1=2 ser0ie has a lower priority
than the rt-1=2 ser0ie .ut still has
0aria.le .it rate and .ursty traffi
harateristis!
#+*+%+& AT. Tra>c Cateories
,iretly apply an appropriate -T4 traffi ategory desriptor to pro0ide traffi /anage/ent
for a speifi -T4 ser0ie ategory!
Ta.le 1-11 pro0ides the /apping relationships .etween -T4 ser0ie ategories" -T4 traffi
ategory desriptors" and traffi para/eters! The /apping relationships pro0ide a .asis for
-T4 poliy onfiguration!
Table 1.1 4apping relationships .etween -T4 ser0ie ategories" -T4 traffi ategory desriptors" and traffi
para/eters
AT.
Service
Cateory
AT. Tra>c
Cateory
Descriptor
Tra>c
Paramete
r #
Tra>c
Paramete
r %
Tra>c
Paramete
r &
Tra>c
Parameter
0
5=2 'oTraffi,esriptor - - - -
'oClpTagging'o&r Clp01Pr C,1T - -
'oClp'o&r Clp01Pr - - -
'oClp'o&rCd0t Clp01Pr C,1T - -
C=2 ClpTransparent'o&r Clp01Pr C,1T - -
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AT.
Service
Cateory
AT. Tra>c
Cateory
Descriptor
Tra>c
Paramete
r #
Tra>c
Paramete
r %
Tra>c
Paramete
r &
Tra>c
Parameter
0
Clp'oTagging'o&r Clp01Pr Clp0Pr - -
ClpTagging'o&r Clp01Pr Clp0Pr - -
'oClp'o&r Clp01Pr - - -
'oClp'o&rCd0t Clp01Pr C,1T - -
nrt1=2 'oClp&r Clp01Pr Clp01&r 4=& -
Clp'oTagging&r Clp01Pr Clp0&r 4=& -
ClpTagging&r Clp01Pr Clp0&r 4=& -
rt1=2 ClpTransparent&r Clp01Pr Clp01&r 4=& C,1T
'oClp&rCd0t Clp01Pr Clp01&r 4=& C,1T
Clp'oTagging&rCd0t Clp01Pr Clp0&r 4=& C,1T
ClpTagging&rCd0t Clp01Pr Clp0&r 4=& C,1T
5=2L at/notraffidesriptor/r Clp014r - - -
at/nolp/r Clp01Pr Clp014r - -
at/nolp/rd0t Clp01Pr Clp014r C,1T -
?-? indiates that the traffi para/eter is unused!
#+*+%+0 AT. Tra>c Control Schemes
The e6uip/ent supports the following -T4 traffi ontrol she/es7 onnetion ad/ission
ontrol (C-C)" usage para/eter ontrol (5PC))networ9 para/eter ontrol ('PC)" and early
pa9et disard (DP,))partial pa9et disard (P,,)!
CAC
The C-C funtion is used to deter/ine whether a onnetion an .e progressed or should .e
re:eted! - onnetion re6uest is progressed only when suffiient resoures are a0aila.le" in
order to /aintain the agreed Eo& of esta.lished onnetions!
The e6uip/ent deter/ines whether a onnetion an .e progressed or should .e re:eted
aording to the following priniple7 The &C2 su/ of all the onnetions does not e;eed the
/a;i/u/ ser0ie aess .andwidth of the e6uip/ent!
UPCANPC
5PC)'PC is defined as the set of ations ta9en to /onitor traffi and enfore the traffi
ontrat! Its /ain purpose is to /onitor the ells reei0ed on -T4 0irtual onnetions
aording to negotiated traffi para/eters" thus to a0oid possi.le networ9 ongestion!
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Connetion /onitoring at a 5'I (pri0ate or pu.li) is referred to as 5PC! Connetion
/onitoring at an ''I (pri0ate or pu.li) is referred to as 'PC!
-t the ell le0el" ations of the 5PC funtion /ay inlude7
Cell passing
The 5PC funtion onsiders that the ell onfor/s to the negotiated traffi ontrat and
therefore allows the ell to pass!
Cell tagging
Cell tagging is operated for C#P K 0 ells only" .y on0erting C#P K 0 into C#P K 1! The
5PC funtion onsiders that the tagged ell onfor/s to the negotiated traffi ontrat
and therefore allows the ell to pass! In the ase of networ9 ongestion" howe0er" the
tagged ell is disarded!
Cell disarding
The 5PC funtion onsiders that the ell 0iolates onfor/ane to the negotiated traffi
ontrat and therefore disards the ell!
:PDAPPD
DP,
If the DP, funtion is ena.led" the syste/ always /onitors the status of the ell .uffer!
$ne the networ9 is deteted ongested" the syste/ disards all the ells in the ne;t -T4
-daptation #ayer Type ( (--#() pa9et! The DP, funtion is effeti0e for ongestion
pre0ention .eause ell disarding is perfor/ed at the pa9et le0el! The syste/"
howe0er" annot seleti0ely disard pa9ets .eause the DP, funtion annot
differentiate a good pa9et fro/ a .ad pa9et!
PP,
The syste/ starts to disard an -T4 ell and all the following ells in the sa/e --#(
pa9et" to redue the load on the networ9 if all the following onditions are /et7 (1) The
PP, funtion is ena.ledI (2) --#( pa9ets are used to arry -T4 ellsI (3) 'etwor9
ongestion ours or the trans/it traffi 0olu/e e;eeds the a/ount of alloated
.andwidth! The --#( pa9et" howe0er" /ay fail to .e restored and results in a .ad
pa9et due to loss of an -T4 ell! Therefore" the --#( pa9et needs to .e retrans/itted!
#+*+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with -T4 traffi /anage/ent!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with -T4 traffi /anage/ent7
-T4 +oru/ -+-T4-0121!0007 Traffi 4anage/ent &peifiation 1ersion @!1
IDT+ 2+C 2(1@7 ,efinitions of Te;tual Con0entions and $.:et-identities for -T4
4anage/ent
#+*+0 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the -T4 traffi /anage/ent
feature!
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Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
!ard7are Support
!ard7are Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
4,1

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$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
#+*+2 Principles
-T4 traffi /anage/ent is ahie0ed .y using the generi ell rate algorith/ (<C2-)!
)asic GCRA Principles
The <C2- is used to deter/ine whether -T4 traffi onfor/s to the traffi ontrat! If the
-T4 networ9 .eo/es ongested .eause the reei0ed ells within a short period of ti/e
e;eed the ontrat or the afforda.le apa.ility of the reei0e e6uip/ent due to 0ery hea0y
-T4 traffi" the <C2- ta9es so/e punish/ent ations!
+unda/entally" the <C2- o/plies with the following priniples7 The <C2- allows the
atual inter-arri0al ti/e .etween ells to .e e6ual to (arri0al on shedule) or 0ary fro/ the
e;peted inter-arri0al ti/e! The 0ariation an .e a negati0e 0alue (arri0al ahead of shedule)
or a positi0e 0alue (delayed arri0al)! If a ell arri0es ahead of shedule" howe0er" the 0ariation
/ust not e;eed the preset C,1T! $therwise" the <C2- onsiders that the ell 0iolates
onfor/ane to the ontrat!
+igure 1-(B uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how the e6uip/ent perfor/s traffi /anage/ent on
ell 2 in four arri0al senarios .ased on the priniples of the <C2-! -ssu/e the following
onditions7 The ontrated /a;i/u/ traffi rate is PC2I the 5PC)'PC funtion is ena.ledI
0aria.le T is e6ual to 1)PC2" that is" a ell is trans/itted to the networ9 at an inter0al not
shorter than TI ell 1 arri0es at ti/e t1I ell 2 is e;peted to arri0e at ti/e t2 (t2 K t1 L T)!
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Figure 1.1 Illustration of .asi <C2- priniples
1
'
,
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
3
B
Ce(( 1
t1
t1
t1
t1
Ce(( 2 arri/es ' after te arri/a( of ce(( 1 @on sce!u(eA*
t2
'
'
Ce(( 3 is e3pecte! to arri/e at ti"e t2 I '*
!
t2 I !
Ce(( 2 arri/es ! (ate*
'
Ce(( 3 is e3pecte! to arri/e at ti"e t2 I ! I '*
e
t2 - e
Ce(( 2 arri/es e ear(# an! te
/ariation can $e to(erate!*
'
Ce(( 2 arri/es /er# ear(# an! te /ariation e3cee!s te preset
CDV'+ an! terefore te e?uip"ent !iscar!s or re"ar-s te ce((*
Ce(( 3 is e3pecte! to arri/e at ti"e t2*
Ce(( 3 is e3pecte! to arri/e at ti"e t2 I '*
Ta.le 1-12 desri.es the preeding e;a/ple!
Table 1.1 ,esription of .asi <C2- priniples
Cell
Arrival
Description UPCANPC
3peration
1 'or/al
(arri0al
on
shedule
)
Cell 2 arri0es T after the arri0al of ell 1 (on
shedule)! Cell 3 is e;peted to arri0e at ti/e t2 L T!
Cell passing
2 'or/al
(delayed
arri0al)
Cell 2 is e;peted to arri0e at ti/e t1 L T .ut atually
arri0es at ti/e t2 L d! The ti/e 0ariation is d!
Cell 3 is e;peted to arri0e at ti/e t2 L d L T (not t1
L 2 ; T)!
Cell passing
3 =urst
(arri0al
ahead of
shedule
)
Cell 2 is e;peted to arri0e at ti/e t1 L T .ut arri0es
e early .eause the ell rate e;eeds the ontrated
PC2! e" howe0er" is s/aller than # (representing the
preset C,1T)" and therefore the <C2- onsiders
that ell 2 does not 0iolate onfor/ane to the
ontrat!
'ote that ell 3 is e;peted to arri0e at ti/e t2 L T
(not t2 - e L T)! This pre0ents ells fro/ .eing
trans/itted at a rate higher than the ontrated PC2
within a period of ti/e!
Cell passing
@ 1iolation Cell 2 is trans/itted at a 0ery high rate and as a
result" ell 2 arri0es 0ery early and the ti/e 0ariation
Cell tagging or
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Cell
Arrival
Description UPCANPC
3peration
e;eeds #! Therefore" the <C2- onsiders that ell 2
0iolates onfor/ane to the ontrat!
disarding
5ea,y )uc,et Alorithm o8 the GCRA
The following part uses the e;a/ple pro0ided in +igure 1-(B to desri.e the i/ple/entation
proess of the lea9y .u9et algorith/! +or easy understanding" assu/e that ells are
trans/itted to a .u9et with an entry and an e;it as shown in +igure 1-(3" instead of .eing
trans/itted to the e6uip/ent! In addition" assu/e that the apaity of the .u9et is T L #"
wherein T is e6ual to 1)PC2 and # represents the 0ariation tolerane! =oth T and # are ti/e
fators!
In nor/al ases (for e;a/ple" senario 1 or senario 2 in +igure 1-(B)" ell 2 uses
apaity T after arri0al! Chen ell 3 arri0es T after the arri0al of ell 2" ell 2 lea9s fro/
the .u9et and the used apaity of the .u9et re/ains T!
In the ase of ell .ursts (for e;a/ple" senario 3 in +igure 1-(B)" ell 2 arri0es e early!
Chen ell 2 arri0es" ell 1 partially lea9s fro/ the .u9et and therefore a ell apaity e
re/ains in the .u9et! In this ase" the used apaity of the .u9et is T L e! The lea9y
.u9et algorith/ perfor/s strit ontrol and ad:usts the e;peted arri0al ti/e of ell 3 to
ti/e t2 L T (as speified in Ta.le 1-12)! -s a result" if the arri0al ti/e of the su.se6uent
n ell(s) is nor/al (that is" the arri0al ti/e of the ells is not greater than t2 L n ; T"
where n K 1" 2" 3" !!!)" these ells an o/pletely lea9 fro/ the .u9etI if .ursts our in
the su.se6uent ells (that is" the arri0al ti/e of ertain ells is s/aller than t2 L n ; T)"
the used apaity of the .u9et gradually inreases! Chen the used apaity of the .u9et
e;eeds T L #" o0erflow ells are tagged or disarded!
Figure 1.1 #ea9y .u9et algorith/
,
'
Ce((s at eac arri/a(
uses a capacit# '*
One unit of ce((s
(ea-s per ti"e-unit*
Contract confor"ance
/io(ation ce((
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AT. Tra>c .anaement by Usin the T7o'5evel 5ea,y )uc,et
Alorithm
The e6uip/ent /onitors -T4 traffi .y using the two-le0el lea9y .u9et algorith/" as shown
in +igure 1-(*! Cells lea9 fro/ the le0el-1 .u9et at the PC2 and lea9 fro/ the le0el-2 .u9et
at the &C2! 2egarding the le0el-1 .u9et" T is e6ual to 1)PC2 and # is e6ual to the C,1TI
regarding the le0el-2 .u9et" T is e6ual to 1)&C2 and # is e6ual to (4=& - 1) ; (1)&C2 L
1)PC2)! Contrat onfor/ane 0iolation ells are disarded or tagged aording to 5PC)'PC
ations!
Figure 1.1 Two-le0el lea9y .u9et algorith/
:CR
SCR
,e/e(-1 $uc-et
,e/e(-2 $uc-et
Contract
confor"ance
/io(ation ce((
Contract
confor"ance
/io(ation ce((
#+*+4 Con6urin AT. Tra>c .anaement
-T4 traffi /anage/ent inludes -T4-,iffers0e /anage/ent and -T4 poliy
/anage/ent!
#+*+4+# Creatin an AT.'Di@Serv Domain
This setion desri.es how to reate an -T4-,iff&er0 do/ain! If the default -T4-,iff&er0
do/ain does not ser0e the purpose" a new -T4-,iff&er0 do/ain needs to .e reated!
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e an '4 user with ?'D operator? authority or higher!
ToolsC :BuipmentC and .aterials
52000
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree and hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > ,iffser& domai Maagemet > ATM Co%
Ma--ig Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New!
The Create ATM Co% Ma--ig dialog .o; is displayed!
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Step & Configure an -T4-,iff&er0 do/ain aording to the planning infor/ation!
+or eight 6ueues" eight PH=s are a0aila.le7 =D" -+1" -+2" -+3" -+@" D+" C&B" and C&3! The $pti%
$&' e6uip/ent pro0ides different Eo& poliies for 6ueues of different ser0ie lasses!
C&B to C&37 highest ser0ie lasses" /ainly applia.le to signaling trans/ission!
D+7 fast forwarding" applia.le to ser0ies of low trans/ission delays and low pa9et loss rates!
-+1 to -+@7 assured forwarding" applia.le to ser0ies that re6uire an assured trans/ission rate
rather than delay or :itter li/its!
-+1 defines three su.-lasses7 -+11" -+12" and -13! $nly -+11 an ta9e effet! This rule also applies
to -+2" -+3" and -+@! To .e speifi" only -+21" -+31" and -+@1 an ta9e effet!
=D7 .est effort" applia.le to ser0ies that do not re6uire speial proessing!
Step 0 Cli9 OK" and lose the dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
#+*+4+% .odi8yin an AT.'Di@Serv Domain
This setion desri.es how to /odify an -T4-,iff&er0 do/ain! =y perfor/ing this
operation" you an /odify the /apping .etween -T4 ser0ie ategories and PH=s!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > ,iffser& domai Maagemet > ATM CO%
Ma--ig Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree!
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Step % Cli9 +uer/!
Step & &elet the re6uired -T4-,iff&er0 do/ain and /odify its para/eter settings aording to the
planning infor/ation!
+or eight 6ueues" eight PH=s are a0aila.le7 =D" -+1" -+2" -+3" -+@" D+" C&B" and C&3! The $pti%
$&' e6uip/ent pro0ides different Eo& poliies for 6ueues of different ser0ie lasses!
C&B to C&37 highest ser0ie lasses" /ainly applia.le to signaling trans/ission!
D+7 fast forwarding" applia.le to ser0ies of low trans/ission delays and low pa9et loss rates!
-+1 to -+@7 assured forwarding" applia.le to ser0ies that re6uire an assured trans/ission rate
rather than delay or :itter li/its!
-+1 defines three su.-lasses7 -+11" -+12" and -13! $nly -+11 an ta9e effet! This rule also applies
to -+2" -+3" and -+@! To .e speifi" only -+21" -+31" and -+@1 an ta9e effet!
=D7 .est effort" applia.le to ser0ies that do not re6uire speial proessing!
....Ed
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#+*+4+& Creatin an AT. Policy
This setion desri.es how to reate an -T4 poliy for an -T4 onnetion!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )olic/ Maagemet > ATM )olic/ fro/ the
+untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New!
The Create ATM )olic/ dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &et -T4 poliy para/eters aording to the planning infor/ation!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+*+4+0 .odi8yin an AT. Policy
This setion desri.es how to /odify the Eo& para/eters of an -T4 poliy!
PrereBuisites
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52000
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )olic/ Maagemet > ATM )olic/ fro/ the
+untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 +uer/!
Step & &elet the re6uired -T4 poliy and /odify its para/eters aording to the planning
infor/ation!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+*+* Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure -T4 traffi /anage/ent
aording to networ9 onditions!
#+*+*+# :9ample Description
This setion desri.es ser0ie re6uire/ents and ser0ie planning!
Service ReBuirements
-s shown in +igure 1-(A" one -T4 ser0ie is present .etween the 'ode= and the 2'C! The
details are pro0ided as follows!
The 3-4,1-1(T25'G1) port on 'D1 reei0es an -T4 ser0ie fro/ the 'ode=!
The 3-4,1-1(T25'G1) port on 'D2 reei0es the -T4 ser0ie fro/ the 2'C!
The PC .etween 'D1 and 'D2 trans/its the -T4 ser0ie in '-to-one enapsulation
/ode!
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Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing appliation of -T4 traffi /anage/ent
RNC
No!e7
:SN
2>.
2>.
N51 N52
:<
Service Plannin
'ode=s an trans/it real-ti/e 0oie ser0ies and signaling ser0ies (C=2 ser0ies)" H&,P-
data ser0ies (5=2 ser0ies)" real-ti/e $4 and H&,P- ser0ies (rt-1=2 ser0ies)" and non-
real-ti/e 2AA ser0ies (nrt-1=2 ser0ies)! To ensure the Eo& of different ser0ies" the $&'
e6uip/ent speifies different -T4 poliies for the ser0ies!
Table 1.1 -T4 poliy infor/ation
Parameter Service Cateory
C)R
Service
rt'V)R
Service
nrt'V)R
Service
U)R
Service
Poliy I, 1 2 3 @
Poliy na/e 1e1H.r 1e1Hrt0.r 1e1Hnrt0.r 1e1Hu.r
&er0ie type C=2 2T-1=2 '2T-1=2 5=2
Traffi type ClpTransparent
'o&r
ClpTransparent
&r
'oClp&r 'oClp'o&r
Clp01Pr(ell)s
)
13( 1*(A 1*(A 1*(A
Clp01&r(ell)s
)
- 1B*( 1B*( -
Clp0Pr(ell)s) - - - -
Clp0&r(ell)s) - - - -
Clp014r(ell)
s)
- - - -
4a;! Cell =urst
&i8e (ell)
- 1000 1000 -
Cell ,elay
1ariation
Tolerane (0!1
us)
102@00 102@0 - -
,isard Traffi ,isa.led ,isa.led ,isa.led ,isa.led
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C)R
Service
rt'V)R
Service
nrt'V)R
Service
U)R
Service
+ra/e
5PC)'PC ,isa.led ,isa.led ,isa.led ,isa.led
#+*+*+% Con6uration Process
This setion desri.es the proess of data onfiguration!
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e an '4 user with NE o-erator authority or higher!
Procedure
Step # $n 'D1 and 'D2" separately reate an -T4 poliy! +or details" see 1!3!B!3 Creating an -T4
Poliy!
C)R
Service
rt'V)R
Service
nrt'V)R
Service
U)R
Service
Poliy I, 1 2 3 @
Poliy na/e 1e1H.r 1e1Hrt0.r 1e1Hnrt0.r 1e1Hu.r
&er0ie type C=2 2T-1=2 '2T-1=2 5=2
Traffi type ClpTransparent
'o&r
ClpTransparent
&r
'oClp&r 'oClp'o&r
Clp01Pr(ell)s
)
13( 1*(A 1*(A 1*(A
Clp01&r(ell)s
)
- 1B*( 1B*( -
Clp0Pr(ell)s) - - - -
Clp0&r(ell)s) - - - -
Clp014r(ell)
s)
- - - -
4a;! Cell =urst
&i8e (ell)
- 1000 1000 -
Cell ,elay
1ariation
Tolerane (0!1
us)
102@00 102@0 - -
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C)R
Service
rt'V)R
Service
nrt'V)R
Service
U)R
Service
,isard Traffi
+ra/e
,isa.led ,isa.led ,isa.led ,isa.led
5PC)'PC ,isa.led ,isa.led ,isa.led ,isa.led
Step % Configure an -T4 ser0ie!
=ind an appropriate -T4 poliy to eah onnetion of the -T4 ser0ie!
&peify upstrea/ and downstrea/ -T4 poliy 1 for the -T4 onnetions of real-ti/e
0oie ser0ies and signaling ser0ies (C=2 ser0ies)!
&peify upstrea/ and downstrea/ -T4 poliy 2 for the -T4 onnetions of real-ti/e
$4 and H&,P- ser0ies (rt-1=2 ser0ies)!
&peify upstrea/ and downstrea/ -T4 poliy 3 for the -T4 onnetions of non-real-
ti/e 2AA ser0ies (nrt-1=2 ser0ies)!
&peify upstrea/ and downstrea/ -T4 poliy @ for the -T4 onnetions of H&,P-
data ser0ies (5=2 ser0ies)!
....Ed
#+*+1 Relevant Alarms and :vents
There are no alar/s or perfor/ane e0ents rele0ant to -T4 traffi /anage/ent!
#+*+/ AT. Tra>c .anaement Parameters
This setion desri.es para/eters for -T4 traffi /anage/ent!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for -T4 traffi /anage/ent
Parameter Value Rane Description
Poliy I, 1 to 102@
,efault 0alue7 1
&peifies a traffi I, for
eah traffi!
Poliy 'a/e +or e;a/ple" &ynhroni8e
&ignal
&peifies or displays the
na/e of a poliy!
NOTE
Oou an selet a poliy na/e
fro/ the drop-down list or
enter a poliy na/e! The -T4
ser0ie poliy has fi0e le0els!
&er0ie Type C=2" 2T-1=2" '2T-1=2"
5=2" 5=2L
,efault 0alue7 -
&peifies 0arious ser0ie
types .ased on the -T4
tehnology" inluding
onstant .it rate (C=2)
ser0ies" real-ti/e 0aria.le
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
.it rate (rt-1=2) ser0ies"
non-real-ti/e 0aria.le .it
rate ('2T-1=2) ser0ies"
unspeified .it rate (5=2)
ser0ies and 5nspeified =it
2ate Plus (5=2L) ser0ies!
&er0ies of different types
differ in alloation of
reser0ed .andwidths" ser0ie
priorities" and trans/ission
delays!
Traffi Type 5=2
'oTraffi,esriptor"
'oClp'o&r"
'oClpTagging'o&r"
'oClp'o&rCd0t
,efault 0alue7
'oTraffi,esriptor
C=2
'oClp'o&r"
Clp'oTagging'o&r"
ClpTagging'o&r"
ClpTransparent'o&r"
'oClp'o&rCd0t
,efault 0alue7
'oClp'o&r
rt-1=2
ClpTransparent&r"
'oClp&rCd0t"
Clp'oTagging&rCd0t"
ClpTagging&rCd0
,efault 0alue7
ClpTransparent&r
nrt-1=2
'oClp&r"
Clp'oTagging&r"
ClpTagging&r
,efault 0alue7 'oClp&r

5=2L
-t/'oTraffi,esriptor
4r" -t/'oClp4r"
-t/'oClp4rCd0t
,efault 0alue7
-t/'oTraffi,esriptor
4r
&peifies the su.-type of
different ser0ies! Dah
ser0ie in0ol0es /ultiple
traffi types! The traffi type
speifies the traffi
para/eters that an .e set"
for e;a/ple" proessing the
ells whose priority is 0 or 1
in different ways" and
whether to support the
la.eling funtion!
Clp01Pr (Cell)s) A0 to 1@A03* &peifies the pea9 ell rate
(PC2) that indiates the
Copyright Huawei
AB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
upper threshold of the
ser0ie rate! If ser0ie
pa9ets .urst for a long ti/e
so the ser0ie rate is greater
than the PC2" the e;tra
pa9ets are disarded!
Clp0Pr (Cell)s) A0 to 1@A03* &peifies the PC2 in the ase
of ell loss priority (C#P)
.eing 0!
Clp01&r (Cell)s) A0 to 1@A03* &peifies the sustaina.le ell
rate (&C2)! D;essi0e ells
are la.eled or disarded"
depending on the traffi
type!
Clp0&r (Cell)s) A0 to 1@A03* &peifies the &C2 in the ase
of Clp .eing 0!
Clp04r (Cell)s) A0 to 1@A03* &peifies the /ini/u/ ell
rate (4C2)!
4a;! Cell =urst &i8e
(Cell)s)
2-200000" in steps of 1
,efault 0alue7 2
&peifies the onnetion-
supported /a;i/u/ nu/.er
of ells that .urst
ontinuously at the PC2!
This para/eter is set to
inrease the apaity for the
syste/ to transiently respond
to ell .urst e0ents" and to
enhane the anti-:itter
perfor/ane of a ser0ie!
Cell ,elay 1ariation
Tolerane (0!1 us)
0!3-1330000" in steps of 0!1
,efault 0alue7 0!3
&peifies the upper threshold
of the ell sending inter0al!
This para/eter is set to
inrease the apaity for the
syste/ to respond to
transient ell .urst e0ents"
and to enhane the anti-:itter
perfor/ane of a ser0ie!
,isard Traffi +ra/e Dna.led" ,isa.led
,efault 0alue7 ,isa.led
fra/e disarding /ar9 in
-T4 poliies! This
para/eter applies to --#(
traffi!
5PC)'PC Dna.led" ,isa.led
&peifies or displays
5PC)'PC!
5PC is user-side para/eter

ontrol and 'PC is
networ9-side para/eter
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
ontrol!
-fter #)C0N)C is
ena.led" the ells with a
fra/e disarding /ar9
will .e disarded in
networ9 ongestion!
#+1 AT. 3A.
This hapter desri.es the -T4 $-4 feature!
#+1+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of -T4 $-4 and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
-T4 $-4 is used for deteting and loating -T4 faults" and /onitoring -T4 perfor/ane!
In this dou/ent" -T4 $-4 refers to $-4 only at the -T4 layer and i/ple/ents 0arious
$-4 funtions .y /eans of speifi -T4 $-4 ells!
Purpose
-T4 $-4 pro0ides seg/ent-.ased -T4 $-4 .etween the CD and the PD and end-to-end-
.ased -T4 $-4 .etween CDs!
-s shown in +igure 1-B0" -T4 $-4 ells are trans/itted and deteted .etween the CD and
the PD" or .etween the CDs to /onitor the -T4 lin9!
Copyright Huawei
A*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of -T4 $-4
:51 :52
:ac-et trans"ission
e?uip"ent
C52
C51
@No!e7A
@RNCA
Se)"ent cec-
5n!-to-en! cec-
Se)"ent cec-
.'> ce(( strea" @V: (e/e( or VC (e/e(A
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with -T4 $-4!
#+1+%+# AT. 3A. 5evels
-T4 $-4 is perfor/ed on fi0e $-4 hierarhial le0els! Three le0els are assoiated with
the physial layer" and two le0els are assoiated with the -T4 layer!
-T4 $-4 he9s an -T4 lin9 .y inserting ertain $-4 ells of the standard ell struture
into the user ell flow! -s speified in Ta.le 1-1(" -T4 $-4 is lassified into fi0e
hierarhial le0els!
Table 1.1 $-4 le0els
-lo7 5evel Description
+1 2egenerator
setion le0el
+1" +2" and +3 are $-4 flows at the physial layer! The
generation of $-4 flows at the physial layer and the
i/ple/entation of the $-4 funtions depend on the
transport /ehanis/ of the trans/ission syste/! Three
types of trans/ission an .e pro0ided on -T4 networ9s7
&,H-.ased trans/ission syste/
Cell-.ased trans/ission syste/
P,H-.ased trans/ission syste/

+2 ,igital setion
le0el
+3 Trans/ission
path le0el
+@ 1irtual path
le0el
+@ and +( are $-4 flows at the -T4 layer! Independent
of a trans/ission syste/" i/ple/entation of the $-4
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-lo7 5evel Description
funtions at the -T4 layer is .ased on 1Ps)1Cs!
-s an $-4 ell flow in the 0irtual path onnetion
(1PC)" +@ pro0ides 1P-le0el operation /anage/ent and
/aintenane funtions!
-s an $-4 ell flow in the 0irtual hannel onnetion
(1CC)" +( pro0ides 1C-le0el operation /anage/ent and
/aintenane funtions!
-fter the $-4 funtion in +@ and +( flows is ati0ated"
orresponding $-4 ells are inserted into user ells!
+ro/ the perspeti0e of the funtioning span" there are
two types of +@ flows and two types of +( flows! These
are7
Dnd-to-end +@ flow and end-to-end +( flow" whih are

used for end-to-end o//uniation of 0irtual
onnetions!
&eg/ent +@ flow and seg/ent +( flow" whih are used

for o//uniation within the .ounds of one 0irtual
onnetion or /ultiple interonneted 0irtual
onnetions!
+( 1irtual hannel
le0el
#+1+%+% Sement and :nd Attributes and Directions o8 CPs
Connetion points (CPs) are referene points whih are defined along a 1PC)1CC!
Sement and :nd Attributes o8 CPs
The seg/ent and end attri.utes inlude7
Dnd point7 refers to the end point for an -T4 networ9 onnetion or generally refers to
the edge on an -T4 networ9!
&eg/ent point7 refers to the end point of a seg/ent! $ne -T4 lin9 onsists of /ultiple
seg/ents!
&eg/ent-end point7 refers to the edge of a seg/ent and an end!
Inter/ediate point7 refers to the $-4 node .etween seg/ent points or end points!
Therefore" inter/ediate points an .e further lassified into inter/ediate points .etween
seg/ent points and inter/ediate points .etween end points!
The seg/ent and end attri.utes are set to interept -T4 $-4 ells in the e;peted diretion
and loation!
+igure 1-B1 shows the seg/ent and end attri.utes of CPs!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 &eg/ent and end attri.utes of CPs
5n! points
:ac-et 'rans"ission 5?uip"ent Se)"ent :oints 2nter"e!iate :oints
Se)"ent-en! :oints
Directions o8 CPs
The diretions of CPs are lassified into forward and .a9ward diretions!
+orward diretion
It is the diretion in whih -T4 $-4 ells enter the CP of the -T4 swith!
=a9ward diretion
It is the diretion in whih -T4 $-4 ells lea0e the CP of the -T4 swith!
+igure 1-B2 shows the diretions of CPs!
Figure 1.1 ,iretions of CPs
5n! points
:ac-et 'rans"ission 5?uip"ent
Se)"ent :oints
2nter"e!iate :oints
For%ar! !irection
7ac-%ar! !irection
Direction
.'> connection
Sin-
Source
Copyright Huawei
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#+1+%+& AT. 3A. -unctions
The e6uip/ent supports the following -T4 $-4 funtions7 alar/ indiation signal (-I&)"
re/ote defet indiation (2,I)" ontinuity he9 (CC)" and loop.a9 (#=)!
AISARDI
-I& ells are used for reporting defet indiations in the forward diretion! Ta.le 1-1B lists the
types and funtions of -I& ells!
Table 1.1 -I&)2,I funtions
Cell Generation and
Transmission .echanism
AIS State Release
Condition
RDI State Release
Condition
5pon deteting a fault" an

inter/ediate point reports the
orresponding alar/s and
inserts seg/ent -I& ells and
end -I& ells to the
downstrea/! -fterwards" the
inter/ediate point periodially
sends these ells! -n
inter/ediate point does not
ath any -I&)2,I ells!
5pon deteting a fault" a seg/ent

point reports the orresponding
alar/s and inserts seg/ent -I&
ells and end -I& ells to the
seg/ent point periodially
sends these ells! - seg/ent
point athes seg/ent -I&)2,I
ells only!
5pon deteting a fault" an end

point reports the orresponding
alar/s .ut does not insert any
-I& ells! -n end point athes
end -I&)2,I ells only!
5pon deteting a fault" a

seg/ent-end point reports the
orresponding alar/s .ut does
not insert any -I& ells! -
seg/ent-end point athes the
-I&)2,I ells of a seg/ent and
an end!
The -I& state is released when a

user ell or CC ell is reei0ed!
If the CC funtion is not

ati0ated" the -I& state is also
released when -I& ells are
a.sent for 2!( seonds" with a
/argin of Q0!( seonds!
The 2,I state is released when
2,I ells are a.sent for 2!(
seonds" with a /argin of Q0!(
seonds!
CC
CC is used for ontinuously /onitoring lin9 ontinuity! Cith the CC funtion" une;peted
interruption of a lin9 (the lin9 is inter/ittently disonneted) during a ontinuous period an
.e deteted! Ta.le 1-13 lists the types and funtions of CC ells!
Copyright Huawei
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Table 1.1 CC funtions
Insertion .ode o8
CC Cells
Sement and :nd
Attribute o8 CC
Source and Sin,
o8 CC
Description o8 CC
Two alternati0e /odes
are a0aila.le for the
insertion of the CC ells
after the ati0ation of the
CC funtion7
CC ells are inserted

with a periodiity of
no/inally one ell per
seond when no user
ells ha0e .een sent
on the lin9!
CC ells are sent

repetiti0ely with a
periodiity of
no/inally one ell per
seond independent of
the user ells flow!
&eg/ent points or end
points support ati0ation
of the CC funtion!
segHCC is responsi.le
for trans/itting or
reei0ing seg/ent CC
ells!
eteHCC is responsi.le
for trans/itting or
reei0ing end-to-end
CC ells!
The soure point with

CC ati0ated only
trans/its CC ells!
The sin9 point with CC

ati0ated only
reei0es CC ells!
The soure pointLsin9

point with CC
ati0ated trans/it and
reei0e CC ells!
Chen the speified

reei0e point does not
reei0e any ser0ie
ell or CC ell within
a ti/e inter0al of 3!(
seonds" with a
/argin of Q0!(
seonds" it reports the
#$C alar/ and
trans/its -I& ells in
the forward diretion!
Chen the speified

reei0e point reei0es
CC ells or ser0ie
ells again" the #$C
alar/ is released!
5)
#= is used for deteting lin9 ontinuity and loating faults! #= ells an .e inserted at one
loation on whih the seg/ent and end attri.ute is set along a 0irtual onnetion and looped
.a9 at different downstrea/ loations on whih the seg/ent and end attri.utes are set"
eli/inating the need to interrupt ser0ies!
Table 1.1 #= funtions
5oopbac, 5ocation Identi6er
$55ID(
5oopbac,
Indication
$5I(
Sement and
:nd Attribute
o8 5)
Test Result
The ##I, field is used to identify the loation
where the loop.a9 is to our!
NOTE
-tually" the ##I, field an .e set to any 0alue!
The ##I, field is designed aording to the seond
oding /ode (0;01) speified in IT5-T I!B10! +or
this reason" you an enter 1( .ytes" whih onsist of
2-.yte ountry ode (the default 0alue is 0000 in
the he;adei/al syste/)" 2-.yte networ9 ode (the
default 0alue is 0000 in the =C, ode pattern)" and
11-.yte 'D ode (.y default" the first four .ytes use
the 'D I, and the last se0en .ytes are 0s)! In
addition" one the ##I, field is set" the ##I, field
does not 0ary with the 'D I, e0en if the 'D I,
hanges! The last .yte of the ##I, field is unused!
#I is used to
identify the
loop.a9 status of
#= ells!
#I K 17 indiates
that #= ells
are not looped
.a9!
#I K 07 indiates
that #= ells
are looped
.a9!
segH#= ells an
.e looped .a9 at
seg/ent points"
seg/ent-end
points or
inter/ediate
points!
&uess)+ailure
NOTE
If the test fails" the
error ode and
failure ause are
displayedI if the test
is suessful" the
/essage indiating
a suessful test is
displayed! The #=
test result an .e
found in the
networ9
/anage/ent
e0ents!
e-t-eH#= ells an
.e looped .a9 at
seg/ent-end
points or end
points!
Copyright Huawei
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In +@ flows" the 1CI 0alue of a seg/ent $-4 ell is 3 (1CI K 3) and the 1CI 0alue of an
end-to-end $-4 ell is @ (1CI K @)!
In +( flows" the payload type identifier (PTI) 0alue of a seg/ent $-4 ell is @ (PTI K @)" and
the PTI 0alue of an end-to-end $-4 ell is ( (PTI K ()!
#+1+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the apaity of the e6uip/ent for supporting -T4 $-4!
Item Speci6cations
,iretion of -T4 $-4 +orward diretion
2e0erse diretion
-I& &upported
2,I &upported
CC &upported
#= &upported
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with -T4 $-4!
The following standard is assoiated with -T4 $-47
IT5-T I!B107 =-I&,' operation and /aintenane priniples and funtions
#+1+2 Availability
The -T4 $-4 funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent and .oards!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
Copyright Huawei
10@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
!ard7are Support
!ard7are Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
4,1

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
#+1+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for -T4 $-4 in the networ9
design phase and onfiguration and o//issioning phase!
Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
-T4 $-4 2eal-ti/e /onitoring is perfor/ed
on i/portant -T4 onnetions!
+or o//on -T4 onnetions"
-T4 $-4 is ena.led only in the
o//issioning phase" pre0enting
generating a large nu/.er of
perfor/ane o0erheads!
-
-T4 $-4 -T4 $-4 /ust .e onfigured for
a speifi 1PC or 1CC in -T4
ser0ies!
-
-T4 $-4 -T4 ser0ies that are transparently
trans/itted o0er ports do not
support -T4 $-4!
-
#oop.a9
(#=) test
The loal loop.a9 I, (##I,) of
eah 'D /ust .e uni6ue on the
networ9! The default ##I, of an
'D is usually used!
-
'D ode If the default 'D ode of an 'D is
uni6ue" the 'D an use its default
'D ode!
The 'D ode of an 'D is
assoiated with it 'D I,!
<enerally" the 'D ode of an 'D is
uni6ue on the networ9!
-
Copyright Huawei
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Con6uration and Commissionin Principles
Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
2e/ote #=
test

=efore an end-to-end #= test" set
end points at .oth ends of the
test do/ain! -fter the test"
re/o0e the end points!
=efore a seg/ent-to-seg/ent #=
test" set a seg/ent point or non-
seg/ent-end point at one
seg/ent of the test do/ain!
-fter the test" re/o0e the
seg/ent point or non-seg/ent-
point!
-
#+1+* Principles
The funtions of -T4 $-4 are i/ple/ented .y /eans of speifi -T4 $-4 ells!
#+1+*+# AISARDI
This setion pro0ides an e;a/ple wherein an inter/ediate point detets a 1PC)1CC fault to
desri.e how the -I&)2,I funtions are i/ple/ented!
-s shown in +igure 1-B3" on the -T4 networ9" the end-to-end points are set up in the
.a9ward diretion of 'D1 and in the forward diretion of 'D(" the seg/ent points are set up
in the .a9ward diretion of 'D2 and in the forward diretion of 'D@" and 'D3 is the
inter/ediate point! The 1PC fro/ 'D2 to 'D3 .rea9s due to a fault! In this ase" the -I&)2,I
funtion is i/ple/ented as follows7
'D3 i//ediately reports the #C, alar/! &ine 'D3 is an inter/ediate point" it
i//ediately inserts segH1P--I& and e-t-eH1P--I& ells in the forward diretion! Then"
it ontinues to periodially trans/it these ells!
-fter the forward seg/ent point of 'D@ aptures segH1P--I& ells" 'D@ i//ediately
reports the 1P--I& status! 4eanwhile" the forward seg/ent point of 'D@ i//ediately
trans/its segH1P-2,I ells to the upstrea/!
The forward seg/ent points of 'D@ do not apture e-t-eH1P--I& ells!
-fter the forward seg/ent point of 'D( aptures e-t-eH1P--I& ells" 'D( i//ediately
reports the 1P--I& status! 4eanwhile" the forward seg/ent point of 'D( i//ediately
trans/its e-t-eH1P-2,I ells to the upstrea/!
&ine 'D3 is an inter/ediate point" it does not apture any 2,I ell!
-fter the .a9ward seg/ent point of 'D2 aptures segH1P-2,I ells fro/ 'D@" 'D2
i//ediately reports the 1P-2,I status!
The .a9ward seg/ent point of 'D2 does not apture e-t-eH1P-2,I ells!
-fter the .a9ward end-to-end point of 'D1 aptures e-t-eH1P-2,I ells fro/ 'D("
'D1 i//ediately reports the 2,I status!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Priniples of -I&)2,I
N51
en!-to-en! point
N55
en!-to-en!
point
N52
se)"ent point
N53
inter"e!iate
point
N5B
se)"ent point
Reportin) te
RD2 status
e-t-eJV:-RD2 ce((
se)JV:-RD2 ce((
se)JV:-.2S
ce((
e-t-eJV:-.2S
ce((
Reportin) te
.2S status
Reportin) te
RD2 status
Reportin) te
.2S status
Reportin) te
,CD a(ar"
V:C
V:C !irection
If the -T4 trun9s at .oth ends of 'D2 and 'D3 are ena.led with the I4- protool" a unidiretional
1PC interruption fro/ 'D2 to 'D3 will result in a .idiretional 1PC interruption .etween 'D2 and
'D3 .eause the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only %/mmetrical Mode ad %/mmetrical
O-eratio! In this ase" 'D1 and 'D2 as shown in +igure 1-B3 annot apture any 2,I ells" and will
not report any 2,I status!
#+1+*+% CC
This setion pro0ides an e;a/ple to desri.e the CC funtion at the seg/ent and end-to-end
le0els!
-s shown in +igure 1-B@" on the -T4 networ9" the -T4 lin9 is ena.led with the CC funtion
at the seg/ent and end-to-end le0els! Cherein" 'D1 initiates an end-to-end CC test to 'D("
and 'D2 initiates a seg/ent CC test to 'D@! CC ells are then ontinuously trans/itted
.etween end-to-end points" and .etween seg/ent points! The 1PC .etween 'D3 and 'D@
.rea9s due to a fault! In this ase" the CC funtion is i/ple/ented as follows7
'D@ fails to reei0e user ells or segHCC ells" so 'D@ i//ediately reports the
1PH#$C alar/ and trans/its 1PH-I& ells to the downstrea/!
'D( reei0es only 1PH-I& ells" .ut fails to reei0e e-t-eHCC ells or user ells!
Therefore" 'D( i//ediately reports the 1PH-I& status!
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Figure 1.1 Priniples of CC
N51
en! point
N55
en! point
N52
se)"ent point
N53
inter"e!iate
point
N5B
se)"ent point
Sen!in) te
e-t-eJCC ce((
Reportin) te
.2S status
Sen!in) te
se)JCC ce((
Reportin) te
V:J,OC a(ar"
Recei/in) te
se)JCC ce((
Recei/in) te
e-t-eJCC ce((
CC
#+1+*+& 5)
This setion pro0ides an e;a/ple wherein the #= funtion is ena.led on seg/ent points to
desri.e how the #= funtion is i/ple/ented!
-s shown in +igure 1-B(" seg/ent points are set up in the .a9ward diretion of 'D2 and in
the forward diretion of 'D@" and 'D3 is the inter/ediate point!
1! Chen the .a9ward seg/ent point of 'D2 initiates an #= test to 'D3" it inserts a
segH#= ell whose ##I, 0alue is the sa/e as that of 'D3I after the .a9ward seg/ent
point of 'D2 initiates an #= test to 'D@" it inserts a segH#= ell whose ##I, 0alue is
the sa/e as that of 'D@! =efore a ell is looped .a9" its #I 0alue is e6ual to 1!
2! Chen the inter/ediate point ('D3) reei0es a segH#= ell" it first analy8es whether the
##I, 0alue of the ell is the sa/e as the loal ##I, 0alue!
N If the ##I, 0alues are different" the ell is trans/itted to the downstrea/ without
.eing proessed!
N If the ##I, 0alues are the sa/e" 'D3 analy8es whether the #I 0alue of the ell is
e6ual to 1! If the #I 0alue of the ell is e6ual to 1" the ell is not looped .a9 yet! 'D3
then sets the #I 0alue to 0 and returns the ell" so that the .a9ward seg/ent point of
'D2 an reei0e the returned ell within B (L)-1) seonds! If the #I 0alue of the ell is
e6ual to 0" the ell is trans/itted to the downstrea/ without .eing proessed!
3! Chen the forward seg/ent point of 'D@ reei0es a segH#= ell" it first analy8es whether
the ##I, 0alue of the ell is the sa/e as the loal ##I, 0alue!
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N If the ##I, 0alues are different" the ell is disarded!
N If the ##I, 0alues are the sa/e" the forward seg/ent point of 'D@ analy8es whether
the #I 0alue of the ell is e6ual to 1! If the #I 0alue of the ell is e6ual to 1" the ell is
not looped .a9 yet! The forward seg/ent point of 'D@ then sets the #I 0alue to 0
and returns the ell" so that the .a9ward seg/ent point of 'D2 an reei0e the
returned ell within B (L)-1) seonds! If the #I 0alue of the ell is e6ual to 0" the ell
is disarded!
@! If an #= ell fails to .e looped .a9 to the .a9ward seg/ent of 'D2 within B (L)-1)
seonds seonds" the failure of the #= test is reported!
Figure 1.1 Priniples of #=
N51
en!-to-en! point
N52
se)"ent point
N53
inter"e!iate
point
N5B
se)"ent point
,,2DC1N5B1+ ,2C111
,,2DC1N5B1+ ,2C101
,,2DC1N531+ ,2C111
,,2DC1N531+ ,2C101
2nsertin) te ,7 ce((
53tractin) an! ana(#8in) te ,7 ce((
,7 ce(( @$efore (oop$ac-A
,7 ce(( @after (oop$ac-A
N55
en!-to-en! point
#+1+1 Con6urin the AT. 3A. -unction
This topi desri.es the related tas9s for onfiguring the -T4 $-4 funtion!
#+1+1+# Con6urin Sement and :nd Attributes 8or
Connectin Points
This topi desri.es how to set the seg/ent and end attri.utes of -I&)2,I!
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PrereBuisites
The -T4 ser0ie /ust .e reated!
52000
Procedure
Cofiguratio > ATM OAM Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the %egmet Ed Attributes ta.!
Step & &et the seg/ent and end attri.utes of -I&)2,I aording to the planning infor/ation!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+1+1+% Per8ormin a Continuity Chec, Test
This topi desri.es how to perfor/ a ontinuity he9 (CC) test! - CC test an .e perfor/ed
to ontinuously he9 the unidiretional onneti0ity of an -T4 lin9!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step % Cli9 the CC Acti&atio %tatus ta.!
Step & Configure the para/eters of the CC test aording to the planning infor/ation!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
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#+1+1+& Con6urin IDs 8or Speci6ed 5oopbac, Points
This topi desri.es how to 6uery or set loal loop.a9 I,s (##I,s)! ##I,s need to .e
onfigured .efore an #= test!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step % Cli9 the !!1, ta.!
Step & &et the ##I,s aording to the planning infor/ation!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+1+1+0 Per8ormin an 5) Test
This topi desri.es how to perfor/ a loop.a9 (#=) test! -n #= test an .e perfor/ed to
ontinuously he9 the .idiretional onneti0ity of an -T4 lin9!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step % Cli9 the 2emote !oo-bac* Test ta.!
Step & Configure the attri.utes of the #= test aording to the planning infor/ation!
Step 0 &elet an -T4 onnetion for whih an #= test needs to .e perfor/ed!
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=y pressing the Ctrl 9ey on the 9ey.oard" you an selet /ultiple -T4 onnetions at one ti/e!
Step 2 Cli9 Test!
Step 4 Che9 Test 2esult!
....Ed
#+1+/ Con6uration :9ample
This topi desri.es how to onfigure the -T4 $-4 funtion!
#+1+/+# Case Description
This topi desri.es the ser0ie re6uire/ent and ser0ie planning!
Service ReBuirement
The -T4 $-4 is an end-to-end $-4 funtion for ser0ies! It an he9 the 6uality of the
-T4 lin9! The -T4 $-4 funtion is used to insert so/e $-4 ells with standard ell
struture to the user ell flow to pro0ide so/e speifi infor/ation of the networ9! The CC"
#=" seg/ent and end attri.ute" -I& ells and 2,I ells are a0aila.le!
-s shown in +igure 1-BB" a 5'Is-''I -T4 ser0ie fro/ the .ase station to 2'C is reated!
The ser0ie is onneted to 'ode = through 'D1" and is onneted to 2'C through 'D2! The
ser0ie type is '71 1C swithing! The soure 1PI)1CI is 32)33" and the sin9 1PI)1CI is
(2)(3! The -T4 ser0ie should .e he9ed! The onneti0ity of ser0ies only in the diretion
fro/ 'ode = to 'D1 and fro/ 2'C to 'D2 an .e he9ed! Dna.le the CC and #= funtion
to he9 whether the lin9 is nor/al! If the ser0ies are una0aila.le" an alar/ is reported!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing of the -T4 $-4
N51
3->D1-1@'run--1A
No!e 7
N52
RNC
:<
3->D1-1@'run--1A
Service Plannin
In the ase of the -T4 ser0ie" the seg/ent end attri.utes" CC ati0ation status or re/ote
loop.a9 test of eah onnetion should .e set! In this ase" the -T4 ser0ie has only one
onnetion! The related para/eters are set in the forward diretion of the soure 'D and sin9
'D! The forward diretion is fro/ the user side to the networ9 side" that is" the diretion fro/
'ode = to 'D1 and fro/ 2'C to 'D2 as shown in +igure 1-BB! The ser0ie shown in +igure
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1-BB is ta9en as an e;a/ple! Ta.le 1-1A shows the onfiguration para/eters of the -T4
$-4!
Table 1.1 Configuration para/eters of the -T4 $-4
Attribute Value
'D 'D1 'D2
&eg/ent
Dnd
-ttri.utes
&oure 3-4,1-1(Trun9-1)-32-
33
3-4,1-1(Trun9-1)-(2-(3
&in9 PC(-T4 n to one
1CC ell
transport"20)-32-33
PC(-T4 n to one 1CC ell
transport"20)-(2-(3
Connetion
,iretion
&oure &oure
&eg/ent and Dnd
-ttri.ute
Dnd Point Dnd Point
CC
-ti0ation
&tatus
&oure 3-4,1-1(Trun9-1)-32-
33
3-4,1-1(Trun9-1)-(2-(3
1CC ell
transport"20)-32-33
PC(-T4 n to one 1CC ell
transport"20)-(2-(3
Connetion
,iretion
&oure &oure
&eg/ent and Dnd
-ttri.ute
Dnd Point Dnd Point
CC -ti0ate +lag &oure ati0ate &oure ati0ate
##I, Country Code
(He;adei/al)
R2=OTDS00 00 R2=OTDS00 00
'etwor9 Code
(He;adei/al)
R2=OTDS00 00 R2=OTDS00 00
'D Code
(He;adei/al)
R11=OTDS00 0A 00 02
00 00 00 00 00 12 00
R11=OTDS00 0A 00 02 00 00
00 00 00 12 00
2e/ote
#oop.a9
Test
&oure 3-4,1-1(Trun9-1)-32-
33
-
1CC ell
transport"20)-32-33
-
Connetion
,iretion
&oure -
&eg/ent and Dnd
-ttri.ute
Dnd Point -
#oop.a9 Point 'D2 -
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Attribute Value
'D
Test 2esult - -
#+1+/+% Con6uration Process
This setion desri.es the onfiguration proess of the -T4 $-4 funtion!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # $n the 52000" onfigure the seg/ent end attri.utes of 'D1 and 'D2! +or the onfiguration
/ethod" refer to 1!*!*!1 Configuring &eg/ent and Dnd -ttri.utes for Conneting Points!
The following para/eters" whih are related to the seg/ent end attri.utes of 'D1" should .e
onfigured!
&oure7 3-4,1-1(Trun9-1)-32-33
&in97 PC(-T4 n to one 1CC ell transport"20)-32-33
Connetion ,iretion7 &oure
&eg/ent and Dnd -ttri.ute7 Dnd Point
The following para/eters" whih are related to the seg/ent end attri.utes of 'D2" should .e
onfigured!
&oure7 3-4,1-1(Trun9-1)-(2-(3
&in97 PC(-T4 n to one 1CC ell transport"20)-(2-(3
Step % $n the 52000" onfigure the CC ati0ation status of 'D1 and 'D2! +or the onfiguration
/ethod" refer to 1!*!*!2 Perfor/ing a Continuity Che9 Test!
The following para/eters" whih are related to the CC ati0ation status of 'D1" should .e
onfigured!
&oure7 3-4,1-1(Trun9-1)-32-33
CC -ti0ate +lag7 &oure -ti0ate
The following para/eters" whih are related to the CC ati0ation status of 'D2" should .e
onfigured!
&oure7 3-4,1-1(Trun9-1)-(2-(3
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&in97 PC(-T4 n to one 1CC ell transport"20)-(2-(3
CC -ti0ate +lag7 &oure ati0ate
Step & $n the 52000" onfigure the ##I, of 'D1 and 'D2! +or the onfiguration /ethod" refer to
1!*!*!3 Configuring I,s for &peified #oop.a9 Points!
The following para/eters" whih are related to the ##I, of 'D1" should .e onfigured!
Country Code (He;adei/al)7 R2=OTDS 00 00
'etwor9 Code (He;adei/al)7 R2=OTDS 00 00
'D Code (He;adei/al)7 R11=OTDS 00 0A 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 12 00
The following para/eters" whih are related to the ##I, of 'D2" should .e onfigured!
Country Code (He;adei/al)7 R2=OTDS 00 00
'etwor9 Code (He;adei/al)7 R2=OTDS 00 00
'D Code (He;adei/al)7 R11=OTDS 00 0A 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 12 00
Step 0 $n the 52000" onfigure the re/ote loop.a9 he9 of 'D1! +or the onfiguration /ethod"
refer to 1!*!*!@ Perfor/ing an #= Test!
The following para/eters" whih are related to the re/ote loop.a9 test of 'D1" should .e
onfigured!
&oure7 3-4,1-1(Trun9-1)-32-33
#oop.a9 Point 'D7 'D2
If 'D2 need initiate the re/ote loop.a9 test to loop .a9 'D1" the re/ote loop.a9 test should .e
onfigured on 'D2! The onfiguration /ethod is the sa/e as that of 'D1!
....Ed
#+1+#" Related Alarms and :vents
This topi desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are related to the -T4 $-4
funtion!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
1PH-I& The 1PH-I& alar/ indiates the 1PC is a.nor/al! If the 1PC that is
onfigured with the seg/ent and end attri.utes reei0es -I& ells" this
alar/ is reported to indiate that the upstrea/ ser0ie is a.nor/al!
1PH2,I The 1PH2,I alar/ indiates a re/ote defet in the 1PC! If the 1PC
that is onfigured with the seg/ent and end attri.utes reei0es 2,I
ells" this alar/ is reported to indiate that the downstrea/ ser0ie is
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Alarm Name .eanin
a.nor/al!
1PH#$C The 1PH#$C alar/ indiates that a 1P ontinuity he9 pa9et is lost!
This alar/ is reported when a CC ell or user ell is not reei0ed
within a ti/e inter0al of 3!( seonds" with a /argin of Q0!( seonds!
1CH-I& The 1CH-I& alar/ indiates the 1CC is a.nor/al! If the 1CC that is
onfigured with the seg/ent and end attri.utes reei0es -I& ells" this
alar/ is reported to indiate that the upstrea/ ser0ie is a.nor/al!
1CH2,I The 1CH2,I alar/ indiates a re/ote defet in the 1CC! If the 1CC
that is onfigured with the seg/ent and end attri.utes reei0es 2,I
ells" this alar/ is reported to indiate that the downstrea/ ser0ie is
a.nor/al!
1CH#$C The 1CH#$C alar/ indiates that a 1C ontinuity he9 pa9et is
lost! This alar/ is reported when a CC ell or user ell is not reei0ed
within a ti/e inter0al of 3!( seonds" with a /argin of Q0!( seonds!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to -T4 $-4!
#+1+## Parameter DescriptionD AT. 3A.
.anaement
This setion desri.es the para/eters for onfiguring -T4 $-4 on a per-'D .asis!
#+1+##+# Sement and :nd Attribute
To onfigure -T4 $-4 funtions" first set para/eters for onfiguring seg/ent and end
attri.utes!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring seg/ent and end attri.utes
&oure +or e;a/ple" 3-4,1-3(Trun9-3)-
3B-33
,isplays the soure node of an
-T4)I4- ser0ie!
&in9 +or e;a/ple" PC(-T4 n-to-one
1CC ell transport"2B)-3*-3A
,isplays the sin9 node of an
-T4)I4- ser0ie!
Connetion ,iretion &oure" &in9 ,isplays the diretion of an -T4
onnetion!
&oure7 the diretion in whih an

-T4 $-4 ell strea/ enters
an -T4 onnetion!
&in97 the diretion in whih an

-T4 $-4 ell strea/ lea0es
an -T4 onnetion!
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&eg/ent and Dnd -ttri.ute 'on seg/ent and Dndpoint"
&eg/ent point" Dndpoint" &eg/ent
and Dndpoint
,efault 0alue7 'on seg/ent and
Dndpoint
&peifies the seg/ent and end
attri.utes of the soure and sin9 of
an -T4 onnetion!
'on seg/ent and endpoint7

inter/ediate point" whih refers
to an $-4 node .etween two
seg/ent points or two end
points! Therefore" inter/ediate
points an .e further lassified
into inter/ediate points
.etween seg/ent points" and
inter/ediate points .etween end
points!
N 5pon deteting a fault" an
inter/ediate point reports
assoiated alar/s and inserts
seg/ent -I& ells and end
-I& ells in the downstrea/!
-fterwards" the inter/ediate
point periodially sends
these ells!
N -n inter/ediate point does
not apture any -I&)2,I
ells!
&eg/ent point7 an end point of a

seg/ent! $ne -T4 lin9
onsists of /ultiple seg/ents!
N 5pon deteting a fault" a
seg/ent point reports
assoiated alar/s and inserts
end -I& ells in the
seg/ent point periodially
sends these ells!
N - seg/ent point aptures
seg/ent only -I&)2,I ells!
Dnd point7 an end point of an

-T4 lin9! It is usually an edge
point on the -T4 networ9!
N 5pon deteting a fault" an
end point reports assoiated
alar/s .ut does not insert
any -I& ells!
N -n end point aptures only
end -I&)2,I ells!
&eg/ent and endpoint7 a

seg/ent-end point" or an edge
point of a seg/ent and an end!
N 5pon deteting a fault" a
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seg/ent-end point reports
assoiated alar/s .ut does
not insert any -I& ells!
N - seg/ent-end point
aptures the -I&)2,I ells
of a seg/ent and an end!
#+1+##+% CC Activate -la
To onfigure -T4 $-4 funtions" first set para/eters for onfiguring CC ati0ate flag!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring CC ati0ate flag
3B-33
-T4)I4- ser0ie!
-T4)I4- ser0ie!
Connetion ,iretion &oure" &in9 &peifies the onnetion diretion!

an -T4 onnetion!

an -T4 onnetion!
&eg/ent and Dnd -ttri.ute &eg/ent point" Dndpoint &peifies the seg/ent and end
attri.utes of nodes!
CC -ti0ate +lag ,eati0ate" &oure ati0ate" &in9
ati0ate" &oure L sin9 ati0ate
&peifies the CC ati0ation flag!
,eati0ate7 - node does not

trans/it or reei0e CC ells!
&oure ati0ate7 - node trans/its

.ut does not reei0e CC ells!
&in9 ati0ate7 - node reei0es

.ut does not trans/it CC ells!
If the node does not reei0e any
ser0ie ells or CC ells within
a ti/e inter0al of 3!( (Q0!()
seonds" it will report the #$C
alar/ and trans/it -I& ells in
the forward diretion! $ne the
node reei0es any CC ells or
ser0ie ells" the #$C alar/
will .e leared!
&oure L sin9 ati0ate7 - node

trans/its and reei0es CC ells!
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If the node does not reei0e any
ser0ie ells or CC ells within
a ti/e inter0al of 3!( (Q0!()
seonds" it will report the #$C
alar/ and trans/it -I& ells in
the forward diretion! $ne the
node reei0es any CC ells or
ser0ie ells" the #$C alar/
will .e leared!
#+1+##+& Remote :nd 5oopbac, Status
This setion desri.es para/eters that are related to the re/ote end loop.a9 status of -T4
$-4!
Table 1.1 Para/eters on the 4ain Interfae
3B-33
-T4)I4- ser0ie!
-T4)I4- ser0ie!
Connetion ,iretion &oure" &in9 ,isplays the diretion of an -T4
onnetion!

an -T4 onnetion!

an -T4 onnetion!
&eg/ent and Dnd -ttri.ute &eg/ent point" Dndpoint &peifies seg/ent and end
attri.utes!
#oop.a9 Point 'D +or e;a/ple" 'D(12B-***) &peifies an 'D where the
loop.a9 point is loated!
=efore an end-to-end #= test" set

end points in the test do/ain!
-fter the test" re/o0e the end
points!
=efore a seg/ent-to-seg/ent #=
test" set seg/ent points in the
test do/ain! -fter the test"
re/o0e the seg/ent points!
Test 2esult +or e;a/ple" Test sueed ,isplays test results!
Copyright Huawei
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#+1+##+0 55ID
This setion desri.es para/eters for onfiguring loal loop.a9 I,s (##I,s)!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring ##I,s
Country Code (He;adei/al) -
,efault 0alue7 R2=OTDS00 00
,isplays or speifies the ountry
ode of an -T4 ser0ie! The 0alue
is 2 .ytes in length!
'etwor9 Code (He;adei/al) -
,efault 0alue7 R2=OTDS00 00
,isplays or speifies the networ9
ode of an -T4 ser0ie! The 0alue
is 2 .ytes in length!
'D Code (He;adei/al) -
,efault 0alue7 R11=OTDS00 30 00
0D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
,isplays or speifies the 'D ode
of an -T4 ser0ie! The 0alue is 11
.ytes in length!
The default 'D ode an .e used

if it is uni6ue on the networ9!
'D odes and 'D I,s are

assoiated! Therefore" eah 'D
on a networ9 has a uni6ue 'D
ode!
#+/ I.A
This hapter desri.es the in0erse /ultiple;ing for -T4 (I4-) feature!
#+/+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of I4- and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
The I4- tehnology /ultiple;es /ultiple low-speed -T4 lin9s into a high-speed lin9!
&peifially" the I4- tehnology pro0ides in0erse /ultiple;ing of an -T4 ell strea/ o0er
/ultiple low-speed lin9s and retrie0es the original strea/ at the far-end fro/ these physial
lin9s!
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Figure 1.1 I4-
2>. Group
:#sica( in- 0
:&K
:&K
:&K
2>. Group
:&K
:&K
:&K
Sin)(e .'> ce(( strea"
.'> /irtua( (in-
Ori)ina( .'> ce(( strea"
'3 !irection6 ce((s !istri$ute! across (in-s in roun! ro$in se?uence
R3 !irection6 ce((s reco"$ine! into sin)(e .'> strea"
:#sica( in- 1
:#sica( in- 2
The I4- tehnology helps to group /ultiple physial lin9s to for/ a higher .andwidth
logial lin9 whose rate is appro;i/ately the su/ of the lin9 rates! Chen the /e/.er lin9s in
the I4- group are dyna/ially added)deleted" or fail)reo0er" the logial lin9 hanges only in
.andwidth! The ser0ies on the logial lin9 are not interrupted only if the .andwidth of the
logial lin9 is not lower than the re6uired /ini/u/ .andwidth!
Purpose
Cith the I4- tehnology" the transport networ9 an trans/it -T4 ser0ies fro/ usto/er
e6uip/ent on an I4- group for/ed .y /ultiple low-speed lin9s (for e;a/ple" the three D1
lin9s shown in +igure 1-B*)" therefore inreasing lin9 .andwidth and pro0iding lin9
protetion!
Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of the I4- tehnology
2>. )roup
No!e7
51 (in-
:ac-et
trans"ission e?uip"ent
#+/+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with I4-!
#+/+%+# I.A Protocol Re8erence .odel
To i/ple/ent the I4- tehnology" the -T4 protool referene /odel defines an I4-
su.layer .etween the trans/ission on0ergene (TC) su.layer and the -T4 layer!
+igure 1-BA pro0ides the positions and funtions of the I4- su.layer in the -T4 protool
referene /odel!
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Figure 1.1 I4- protool referene /odel
.'>
(a#er
0ser p(ane functions Contro( p(ane functions
>ana)e"ent p(ane
functions
:#sica(
(a#er
2nterface
specific 'C
su$(a#er
:#sica(
"e!iu"
!epen!ent
su$(a#er
2>. )roup confi)uration
,in- a!!ition/!e(etion
.'> ce(( rate can)e
2>. )roup fai(ure
notification
2>. statistics
2>. specific
'C su$(a#er
.'> ce(( strea" sp(ittin) an!
reconstruction
2C: ce(( insertion/re"o/a(
Ce(( rate !ecoup(in)
2>. fra"e s#ncroni8ation
Stuffin)
Discar!in) of ce((s %it $a! &5C
2>. connecti/it#
2C: ce(( errors @O2FA
,2F/,ODS/RD2-2>. !efect
processin)
RD2-2>. a(ar" )eneration
'3/R3 2>. (in- state report
#+/+%+% I.A 3A. Cells
I4- $-4 ells are trans/itted at the -T4 physial layer! =y proessing I4- $-4 ells"
the I4- su.layer pro0ides in0erse /ultiple;ing for -T4! Two I4- $-4 ells are defined7
filler ells and I4- ontrol protool (ICP) ells!
-iller Cell
+iller ells are used to stuff I4- fra/es when no -T4 ell arri0es at the -T4 layer!
Ta.le 1-2@ pro0ides the for/at definition of the filler ell!
Table 1.1 +iller ell for/at
3ctet 5abel Comment
1-( -T4 ell
header
$tet 1 K 00000000" otet 2 K 00000000" otet 3 K
00000000" otet @ K 00000001" otet ( K 0alid HDC
B $-4 la.el I4- 0ersion 0alue
000000017 0ersion 1!0
000000117 0ersion 1!1

3 Cell I,
#in9 I,
=it 37 I4- $-4 ell type (07 filler ellI 17 ICP ell)
=its B-07 unused and set to 0
*-(1 5nused &et to 0;B- as defined in IT5-T I!@32 for unused .ytes
(2-(3 C2C error
ontrol
=its 1(-107 reser0ed for future use and set to 0
=its A-07 C2C-10 as speified in IT5-T I!B10
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ICP Cell
ICP ells are used to o//uniate infor/ation for setting up the I4- protool .etween two
I4- units!
Ta.le 1-2( pro0ides the for/at definition of the ICP ell!
Table 1.1 ICP ell for/at
3ctet 5abel Comment
1-( -T4 ell
header
$tet 1 K 00000000" otet 2 K 00000000" otet 3 K
00000000" otet @ K 00000001" otet ( K 0alid HDC
B $-4 la.el I4- 0ersion 0alue
000000017 0ersion 1!0
000000117 0ersion 1!1

3 Cell I,
#in9 I,
=it 37 I4- $-4 ell type (17 ICP ellI 07 filler ell)
=its B-(7 unused and set to 0
=its @-07 logial I, for physial lin9 range
* I4- fra/e
se6uene
nu/.er (I+&')
0 to 2(( and yling
A ICP ell offset 2ange7 0 to 4-1
Indiates position of ICP ell within the I4- fra/e! 4
indiates the length of the I4- fra/e!
10 #in9 stuff
indiation
(#&I)
=its 3-37 unused and set to 0
=its 2-07 lin9 stuffing indiation
111 K no i//inent stuff e0ent
100 K stuff e0ent in @ ICP ell loations (optional)
011 K stuff e0ent in 3 ICP ell loations (optional)
010 K stuff e0ent in 2 ICP ell loations (optional)
001 K stuff e0ent at the ne;t ICP ell loation
000 K one out of the 2 ICP ells o/prising the stuff

e0ent
11 &tatus and
ontrol hange
indiation
(&CCI)
=its 3-07 status hange indiationI 0 to 2(( and yling
(ount to .e inre/ented e0ery hange of otets 12-@A)
12 I4- I, =its 3-07 I4- I,
13 I4- group
status and
ontrol
=its 3-@7 I4- group state
0000 K start-up
0001 K start-up-a9
0010 K onfig-a.orted - unsupported 4
0011 K onfig-a.orted - ino/pati.le group sy//etry

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3ctet 5abel Comment
01%% K onfig-a.orted - other reasons
1000 K insuffiient-lin9s
1001 K .lo9ed
1010 K operational
$thers7 reser0ed
=its 3-27 I4- group sy//etry /ode
00 K sy//etrial onfiguration and operation
01 K sy//etrial onfiguration and asy//etrial

operation (optional)
10 K asy//etrial onfiguration and asy//etrial

operation (optional)
11 K reser0ed
=its 1-07 I4- fra/e length (4)
007 4 K 32
017 4 K B@
107 4 K 12*
117 4 K 2(B
1@ Trans/it
ti/ing
infor/ation
=its 3-B7 unused and set to 0
=it (7 trans/it lo9 /ode (07 ITC /odeI 17 CTC /ode)
=its @-07 T; #I, of the ti/ing referene (0 to 31)
1( T; test ontrol =it (7 test lin9 o//and (07 inati0eI l7 ati0e)
=its @-07 T; #I, of test lin9 (0 to 31)
1B T; test pattern =its 3-07 T; test pattern (0 to 2(()
13 2; test pattern =its 3-07 2; test pattern (0 to 2(()
1* #in9 0
infor/ation
=its 3-(7 trans/it state
=its @-27 reei0e state
=its 1-07 2; defet indiators
1A-@A #in9 1-31
infor/ation
&tatus and ontrol of lin9 with #I, in the range 1-31
(0 5nused &et to 0;B- as defined in IT5-T I!@32 for unused .ytes
(1 Dnd-to-end
hannel
Proprietary hannel (set to 0 if unused)
(2-(3 C2C error
ontrol
=its 1(-107 reser0ed for future use and set to 0
=its A-07 C2C-10 as speified in IT5-T I!B10
Copyright Huawei
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#+/+%+& I.A -rame -ormat
To retrie0e the original -T4 ell strea/ fro/ lin9s with differential delays" the reei0e end
needs to reei0e -T4 ells aording to the I4- fra/e for/at!
I.A -rame
The I4- fra/e is used as the unit of ontrol in the I4- protool! -n I4- fra/e is defined as
4 onseuti0e ells (nu/.ered 0 to 4-1) on eah lin9" aross the lin9s
a
in an I4- group! 4
is alled the length of an I4- fra/e!
a7 ?-ross the lin9s? in an I4- group is the sa/e as the /ehanis/ in whih the trans/it end
distri.utes ells fro/ lin9 to lin9 within an I4- group! That is" -T4 ells are plaed on eah lin9 in a
irulating /anner!
$ne of the 4 ells on eah lin9 within an I4- group is an ICP ellI that is" the ICP ell is sent
one on eah lin9 per I4- fra/e! The ICP ell /ay .e at different positions on different
lin9s!
In addition to ICP ells" eah I4- fra/e has filler ells and -T4 layer ells! The filler ells
are used to fill I4- fra/es when no -T4 ell is reei0ed" and are disarded at the reei0e
end!
The I+&' field in the ICP ell" indiating the se6uene nu/.er of the I4- fra/e" inre/ents
fro/ 0 to 2(( and repeats the se6uene! Cithin an I4- fra/e period" the ICP ells on all the
lin9s ha0e the sa/e I+&' 0alue!
+igure 1-30 shows an e;a/ple of the trans/ission of I4- fra/es o0er three lin9s in an I4-
group! In I4- fra/e 0" the I+&' of the ICP ell is 0I in I4- fra/e 1" the I+&' of the ICP
ell is 1I in I4- fra/e 2" the I+&' of the ICP ell is 2!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Trans/ission of I4- fra/es o0er three lin9s in an I4- group
2C:0 F .'> F .'>
,in- 0
,in- 1
,in- 2
2>. fra"e 0 2>. fra"e 1 2>. fra"e 2
'i"e
2C:1
F
.'>
1H 2C: ce((
Fi((er ce((
.'> (a#er ce((
***
2C:1 F F F .'>
***
2C:2 F .'> .'> .'>
***
F F .'> 2C:0 .'>
***
.'> .'> .'> 2C:1 .'>
***
F F F 2C:2 .'>
***
.'> 2C:0 .'> F .'>
***
.'> 2C:1 .'> F .'>
***
F 2C:2 F .'> .'>
***
0 1 2 3 >-1 0 1 2 3 >-1 0 1 2 3 >-1
ICP Cell 3@set
The ICP ell /ay .e loated anywhere on the lin9s of eah I4- fra/e! Therefore" the ICP
ell offset (of any 0alue fro/ 0 to 4-1) is defined to indiate the position of an ICP ell on
eah lin9 within an I4- fra/e period!
-n ICP ell offset of 0 /eans that the ICP ell is the first ell of the I4- fra/e on a partiular
lin9! -n ICP ell offset of 4-1 /eans that the ICP ell is the last ell of the I4- fra/e on that
lin9! In +igure 1-30" the ICP ell offset on lin9 0 is 0 and the ICP ell offset on lin9 1 is 3! It
should .e noted that all the I4- fra/es should ha0e the sa/e ICP ell offset on the sa/e lin9"
whih /eans that the I4- group needs to trans/it ells in the sa/e I4- fra/e for/at!
The I4- trans/it end /ay distri.ute the ICP ells" fro/ lin9 to lin9" within the I4- group!
5nifor/ distri.ution of the ICP ells in the I4- fra/e allows in-ti/e insertion of -T4 ells!
5in, Di@erential Delay Compensation
The delay of eah lin9 in the I4- group is different (differential delay)" so o/pensation
/ust .e perfor/ed at the reei0e end! The priniple of the lin9 differential delay
o/pensation is using the .uffer /ehanis/ for o/pensation as the ICP ell offset of eah
lin9 is fi;ed! +igure 1-31 shows the /ethods of o/pensating for the lin9 differential delay!
The trans/it end alloates the ICP ell offsets of 1" 0" and 2 to lin9s 0" 1" and 2
respeti0ely!
,uring trans/ission" lin9 0 and lin9 2 ha0e the sa/e a/ount of propagation delay .ut
lin9 1 has a delay one ell ti/e longer than lin9 0 and lin9 2!
-t the reei0e end" the ells fro/ eah lin9 enter the delay o/pensation .uffer (,C=)!
In the ,C=" the ICP ell of eah lin9 o.tains its offset .ased on the I4- fra/e header! In
this /anner" the entire I4- fra/e is aligned! In this e;a/ple" the offset of ICP1 is 0!
Copyright Huawei
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Therefore" ICP1 in the ,C= is /o0ed to the fra/e header so that the entire I4- fra/e is
aligned!
Figure 1.1 #in9 differential delay o/pensation
,in- 0
,in- 1
,in- 2
'i"e
5
D
2C:2
2C:0 1
2C:1
2
3
B
5
D
2C:2
2C:0
2C:1
2
3
B
...
...
...
...
...
t1 t2 t3 tB
1
De(a#
De(a# co"pensation $uffer
1 2C:0 5
***
2C:1 3 D
***
2 B 2C:2
***
...
'rans"it en!
Recei/e en!
.a9imum 5in, Di@erential Delay Tolerance
-t the reei0e end" the ,C= length re6uired .y the lin9 differential delay o/pensation is
deter/ined .y the /a;i/u/ lin9 differential delay! The greater the /a;i/u/ lin9 differential
delay" the larger is the ,C=! Howe0er" the larger the ,C=" the greater is the trans/ission
delay of the entire I4- group! In addition" ser0ie trans/ission /ay .e affeted! To sol0e the
pro.le/" you an set the Maximum !i* ,ifferetial ,ela/ Tolerace para/eter! If the
I4- group detets that the differene .etween the /a;i/u/ delay and /ini/u/ delay of a
lin9 is .eyond the speified /a;i/u/ lin9 differential delay tolerane 0alue range" it
auto/atially deati0ates the lin9! In this /anner" the trans/ission delay of the entire I4-
group is under ontrol!
#+/+%+0 I.A Timin
+or synhroni8ation .etween lin9s of an I4- group" the I4- group needs to ad:ust ell
trans/it rates on the lin9s aording to the ti/ing infor/ation! Two I4- ti/ing onfiguration
/odes are a0aila.le7 o//on trans/it lo9 (CTC) onfiguration and independent trans/it
lo9 (ITC) onfiguration!
The ITC onfiguration /ode is used when the trans/it lo9 on eah lin9 of an I4- group is
independently deri0ed fro/ a lo9 soure! In this /ode" at least one of swithes &w (0) to
&w ('-l)" as shown in the I4- ti/ing onfiguration referene /odel in +igure 1-32" is set to
position ?1?! That is" the trans/it lo9 of a /e/.er lin9 is the reei0e lo9 of the lin9! In
this /anner" the trans/it end onsiders the lo9 as the referene to ad:ust the trans/ission
fre6ueny of filler ells on the other lin9s! Thus" rate /athing is ahie0ed to /ini/i8e the
differential delay .etween lin9s!
The CTC onfiguration /ode is used when the sa/e lo9 is used for all the lin9s of an I4-
group! In this /ode" swithes &w (0) to &w ('-l)" as shown in the I4- ti/ing onfiguration
referene /odel in +igure 1-32" are set to position ?0?! That is" the trans/ission lo9s of the
/e/.er lin9s are o-soured! In this /anner" the trans/it end triggers a filler e0ent to /ath
the rate of eah lin9 with a fi;ed inter0al of 20@* -T4 ells!
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Figure 1.1 I4- ti/ing onfiguration referene /odel
'3 c(oc- unit
0
S% @0A
'3
1
R3
0
S% @1A
'3
1
R3
0
S% @N-1A
'3
1
R3
,in- 0
,in- 1
,in- N-1
,oca( osci((ator
53terna( source
S%
.
. .
*
*
*
#+/+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the apaity of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent for supporting I4-!
Item Speci6cations
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of
I4- groups
32
4a;i/u/ /e/.er of an
I4- group
1B
4ini/u/ nu/.er of
ati0e T;)2; lin9s
1B
I4- protool 0ersion 1ersion 1!0
1ersion 1!1
Type of lin9 arrying
I4- ser0ies
D1
+rational D1
#ength of an I4- fra/e
at the trans/it end
32
B@
12*
2(B
&y//etrial /ode &y//etrial /ode and sy//etrial operation
4a;i/u/ delay .etween
lin9s
120 /s
Copyright Huawei
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Item Speci6cations
I4- ti/ing /ode CTC /ode
ITC /ode
#+/+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with I4-!
The following standard is assoiated with I4-7
The -T4 +oru/ Tehnial Co//ittee7 In0erse 4ultiple;ing for -T4 (I4-) &peifiation
1ersion 1!1 -+-PHO-00*B!001
#+/+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the I4- feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
!ard7are Support
!ard7are Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
4,1

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
#+/+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for I4- in the networ9 design
phase!
Copyright Huawei
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Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
I4-

Create an I4- group if /ultiple
D1s are used to trans/it -T4
ser0ies .etween a PD and a
CD!
Create an I4- group if so/e

ti/eslots of /ultiple D1s are
used to trans/it -T4 ser0ies
.etween a PD and a CD! -ll
/e/.er ports of an I4- group
/ust .ind the sa/e nu/.er of
ti/eslots and the nu/.er
annot .e s/aller than three!
The I4- group is not

reo//ended if only one D1 or
so/e ti/eslots of only one D1
are used to trans/it -T4
ser0ies .etween a PD and a
CD! In this senario" the I4-
funtion helps little to the
trans/ission .ut inreases delay
of ser0ies!
-
I4- The ena.ling status and para/eter
settings of the I4- funtion /ust
.e the sa/e on the PD and the CD!
-
I4- group

It is reo//ended that you set
the I4- group negotiation
/ode to sy//etrial /ode and
sy//etrial operation!
It is reo//ended that you set

the lo9 /ode to CTC!
&peify the /ini/u/ nu/.er of

lin9s in the reei0e diretion
and trans/it diretion in one
I4- group .ased on the
re6uired /ini/u/ ser0ie
.andwidth! If the nu/.er of
ati0ated lin9s is less than the
speified /ini/u/ 0alue" the
I4- group will fail to wor9
properly!
4a9e sure that protool 0ersions

of I4- ports on the soure and
sin9 'Ds are the sa/e!
$therwise" the I4- group will
fail to wor9 properly! I4-
protool 11!1 is reo//ended
if it is supported .y the opposite
-
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Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
e6uip/ent!
I4- group 4e/.ers in one I4- group /ust
.e on the sa/e .oard and the sa/e
area! (#in9s 1-1B and lin9s 13-32
.elong to two areasI lin9s in one
I4- group /ust .e in the sa/e
area!)
-
#+/+* Principles
This setion desri.es the priniples of the I4- feature!
+igure 1-33 shows the proessing of an -T4 ell strea/ in the I4- tehnology!
The I4- trans/itter sends the -T4 user ells and ICP ells fro/ the -T4 layer to the
ati0e /e/.er lin9s within an I4- group! Chen the -T4 user ells need to .e
trans/itted .ut no ell is reei0ed fro/ the -T4 layer" filler ells are trans/itted to
/aintain a ontinuous strea/ of I4- ells!
The I4- reei0er retrie0es the original -T4 ell strea/ .y using the lin9 differential
delay o/pensation tehni6ue and then trans/its the -T4 ell strea/ to the -T4 layer!
Chen a /e/.er lin9 in the I4- group is faulty" the trans/itter and reei0er trans/it the
new I4- fra/e wherein the /e/.er lin9 is re/o0ed! In this /anner" lin9 protetion is
ahie0ed!
Figure 1.1 Proessing of an -T4 ell strea/ in the I4- tehnology
2>. Group
:#sica( in- 0
:&K
:&K
:&K
2>. Group
:&K
:&K
:&K
Sin)(e .'> ce(( strea"
.'> /irtua( (in-
Ori)ina( .'> ce(( strea"
'3 !irection6 ce((s !istri$ute! across (in-s in roun! ro$in se?uence
R3 !irection6 ce((s reco"$ine! into sin)(e .'> strea"
:#sica( in- 1
:#sica( in- 2
#+#" .P5S 3A.
The 4P#& $-4 tehnology pro0ides a defet detetion tool and a defet orretion
/ehanis/ for the 4P#& networ9! Through the 4P#& $-4 and protetion swithing
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funtions" the detetion funtion on the forwarding plane for the 4P#& networ9 an .e
reali8ed and the protetion swithing an .e o/plete after a defet ours! In this /anner"
the i/pat aused .y the defet is /ini/i8ed!
#+#"+# Introduction
The 4P#& $-4 /ehanis/ supported .y the e6uip/ent inludes tunnel $-4 and PC
$-4! Tunnel $-4 operates at the tunnel layer" and PC $-4 operates at the PC layer!
Tunnel $-4 and PC $-4 .oth pro0ide the o/plete fault detetion and loating
/ehanis/!
Tunnel 3A.
,esription
The tunnel $-4 /ehanis/ helps to effeti0ely detet" identify" and loate internal
defets at the tunnel layer of an 4P#& networ9! The e6uip/ent triggers the protetion
swithing .ased on the $-4 detetion status! Therefore" 6ui9 fault detetion and
ser0ie protetion an .e ahie0ed!
$.:eti0es and .enefits
-s a 9ey .earer tehnology for the sala.le ne;t generation networ9 ('<')" 4P#&
pro0ides /ulti-ser0ie apa.ilities with ensured Eo&! In addition" 4P#& introdues a
uni6ue networ9 layer (tunnel)" whih /ay ause so/e faults! Therefore" an 4P#&
networ9 /ust ha0e the $-4 apa.ility!
=y pro0iding a tunnel $-4 /ehanis/ independent of any upper layer or lower layer"
the tunnel $-4 supports the following features7
N Pro0ides 6uery-on-de/and and onseuti0e detetions so that at any /o/ent you an
learn whether the /onitored tunnel has defets!
N ,etets" analy8es" and loates any defet that ours" and notifies the '4& of the
rele0ant infor/ation!
N Triggers a protetion swithing i//ediately after a defet or fault ours on a lin9!
N 4onitors the perfor/ane e0ents indiating pa9et loss ratio" delay" and :itter in real
ti/e and reports the/ to the '4&!
P; 3A.
,esription
The PC $-4 /ehanis/ helps to effeti0ely detet" identify" and loate internal defets
at the PC layer of a networ9! The e6uip/ent triggers the protetion swithing .ased on
the $-4 detetion status! Therefore" 6ui9 fault detetion and ser0ie protetion an .e
ahie0ed!
$.:eti0es and .enefits
The e6uip/ent perfor/s PC enapsulation on ser0ie pa9ets" and then trans/its the
ser0ie pa9ets o0er tunnels! The networ9 onsists of two layers7 tunnel and PC! Tunnels
use tunnel $-4 for /aintenane and /anage/ent" and PCs use PC $-4 for
/aintenane and /anage/ent! Currently" the e6uip/ent an detet the onneti0ity of a
ertain PC through ping pa9ets" and then reports the result to the '4&!
#+#"+% )asic Concepts
=eing fa/iliar with the .asi onepts of the 4P#& $-4 helps to learn a.out the reali8ation
priniple of the 4P#& $-4 funtion!
Copyright Huawei
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#+#"+%+# CVA--D
To he9 defets of a tunnel ontinuously" the ingress node trans/its onneti0ity 0erifiation
(C1) or fast failure detetion (++,) pa9ets periodially on the he9ed tunnel! =oth C1 and
++, pa9ets an .e used to he9 and diagnose all types of defets for a tunnel! The trans/it
period of C1 pa9ets is longer and annot .e ad:usted" .ut the trans/it period of ++, pa9ets
is shorter and an .e ad:usted!
CV
&ine the trans/it period of C1 pa9ets is longer and annot .e ad:usted" C1 pa9ets are
applia.le to onneti0ity he9 for a tunnel that does not ha0e a stringent re6uire/ent for
defet detetion!
The ingress node sends C1 pa9ets at an inter0al of 1s" and the egress node he9s the
nu/.er and ontents of reei0ed C1 pa9ets at an inter0al of 3s! The ingress node pushes a
tunnel la.el to a C1 pa9et .efore trans/itting the pa9et! +igure 1-3@ shows the for/at of a
C1 pa9et!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of a C1 pa9et
0
,a$e(6 1B @O.> a(ert (a$e(A 5X: S '',6 1
Function t#pe @0301A
Reser/e! @a(( 0300A
''S2 @20 octetsA
:a!!in) @a(( 0300A
@18 octetsA
72: 1D @2 octetsA
19 22 23 31
O.> pac-et ea!er
$it
7
The fields of a C1 pa9et are as follows7
#a.el7 The 0alue of the field is 1@ and indiates an $-4 pa9et!
Ti/e to #i0e (TT#)7 The 0alue of the field is set to 1" to ensure that the 4P#& $-4
pa9et is not trans/itted .eyond the sin9 end of the /onitored tunnel!
+untion type7 The 0alue of the field is set to 0;01" indiating that the $-4 pa9et type
is C1!
Trail ter/ination soure identifier (TT&I)7 TT&I onsists of the #&2 I, and tunnel I, of
the ingress node! It is used to uni6uely identify a tunnel on a networ9!
Copyright Huawei
133
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1B-.it interlea0ed parity (=IP 1B)7 If a C1 pa9et ontains an inorret =IP 1B" the
reei0er disards the pa9et! Chen C1 pa9ets are ontinuously disarded due to
inorret =IP 1Bs" the e6uip/ent will notify the '4&!
2eser0ed7 The reser0ed field is reser0ed for future use and is set to all 0s!
Padding7 The field is for padding .ytes and is set to all 0s!
--D
&ine the trans/it period of ++, pa9ets is shorter and an .e ad:usted" ++, pa9ets are
applia.le to onneti0ity he9 for a tunnel that has a stringent re6uire/ent for defet
detetion!
The ingress node trans/its ++, pa9ets periodially" and the egress node he9s the nu/.er
and ontents of reei0ed ++, pa9ets at an inter0al of three trans/it periods! The ingress
node pushes a tunnel la.el to an ++, pa9et .efore trans/itting the pa9et! +igure 1-3(
shows the for/at of an ++, pa9et!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of an ++, pa9et
0
,a$e(6 1B @O.> a(ert (a$e(A 5X: S '',6 1
Reser/e! @a(( 0300A
''S2 @20 octetsA
:a!!in) @a(( 0300A
@17 octetsA
72: 1D @2 octetsA
19 22 23 31
Fre?uenc# @1 octetA
O.> pac-et ea!er
7
$it
Ta.le 1-2B pro0ides the differenes .etween an ++, pa9et and a C1 pa9et!
Table 1.1 +or/at differenes .etween an ++, pa9et and a C1 pa9et
-ield CV Pac,et --D Pac,et
+untion type The field is set to 0;01"
indiating that the $-4
pa9et type is C1!
The field is set to 0;03"
pa9et type is ++,!
+re6ueny 'one! The fre6ueny field
indiates that the ++,
pa9et an support se0eral
Copyright Huawei
13@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield CV Pac,et --D Pac,et
trans/it inter0als!
#+#"+%+% Tunnel De8ect Type
,uring any gi0en detetion period" the egress node will report a tunnel defet if reei0ing an
e;peted nu/.er of C1)++, pa9ets or C1)++, pa9ets with une;peted ontents!
De8ect Type
,uring any gi0en detetion period" the egress node should reei0e two to four C1 or ++,
pa9ets with the e;peted TT&I and should not reei0e C1)++, pa9ets with the une;peted
TT&I!
If the egress node reei0es an une;peted nu/.er of C1)++, pa9ets or C1)++, pa9ets
with une;peted ontents" it reports a tunnel defet!
Ta.le 1-23 pro0ides the defet types supported .y the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent!
Table 1.1 Tunnel defet types
De8ect Type Valu
e
.eanin Trier Condition
'on-
4P#&
layer
defet
d&er0er 0;010
1
-ny ser0er layer defet
arising fro/ .elow the
4P#& layer networ9
The defet is reported .y the
ser0er layer networ9 for
4P#& $-4!
4P#&
layer
defet
d#$C1 0;020
1
#oss of onneti0ity
0erifiation pa9ets
The defet is generated due
to /issing +,I pa9ets and
/issing C1 or ++, pa9ets
with the e;peted TT&I
within a detetion period!
dTT&IH
4is/at
h
0;020
2
TT&I /is/ath defet The defet is generated due
to reei0ing C1 or ++,
pa9ets with une;peted
TT&I and /issing C1 or
++, pa9ets with the
e;peted TT&I within a
detetion period!
dTT&IH
4is/er
ge
0;020
3
TT&I /is/erge defet The defet is generated due
to reei0ing C1 or ++,
pa9ets with une;peted
T&&I and with e;epted
TT&I within a detetion
period!
dD;ess 0;020
@
,efet of C1 or ++, pa9ets
with an e;essi0e rate
The defet is generated due
to reei0ing fi0e or /ore C1
or ++, pa9ets with the
e;peted TT&I within a
Copyright Huawei
13(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
De8ect Type Valu
e
.eanin Trier Condition
detetion period!
$thers d5n9no
wn
0;02+
+
5ndefined or un9nown
defet
+or e;a/ple" the defet is
generated when the type and
period of reei0ed C1 or
++, pa9ets do not /ath
the e;peted 0alues within a
detetion period!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent allows setting &, and &+ thresholds! Chen the pa9et loss ratio of $-4
pa9ets e;eeds the preset thresholds" the speifi alar/ is reported!
If all the preeding trigger onditions are /et" the 4P#& layer defets are reported in desending order
of priorities7 dTT&IH4is/ath > dTT&IH4is/erge > d#$C1 > dD;ess!
Detection .echanism
The egress node he9s pa9ets in two /odes7 adapti0e /ode and /anual /ode!
-dapti0e /ode7 The detetion period is one e0ery three trans/it periods of reei0ed C1
or ++, pa9ets! Chen reei0ing the first C1 or ++, pa9et" the egress node reords the
type and trans/it period of the pa9et and starts to he9 onneti0ity!
4anual /ode7 The detetion period is one e0ery three periods that are /anually set!
#+#"+%+& )DI
-fter he9ing a defet" the egress node generates a .a9ward defet indiation (=,I) pa9et
to infor/ the ingress node of the tunnel defet!
-ormat o8 a )DI Pac,et
The egress node pushes a tunnel la.el to a =,I pa9et .efore trans/itting the pa9et! +igure
1-3B shows the for/at of a =,I pa9et!
Copyright Huawei
13B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 +or/at of a =,I pa9et
31
Reser/e! @a(( 0300A
0
,a$e(6 1B @O.> a(ert (a$e(A 5X: S '',6 1
''S2 @20 octetsA
:a!!in) @a(( 0300A
@1B octetsA
72: 1D @2 octetsA
19 22 23
Defect t#pe @2 octetsA
Defect (ocation @B octetsA
$it
O.> pac-et ea!er
The fields of a =,I pa9et are as follows7
#a.el7 The 0alue of the field is 1@ and indiates an $-4 pa9et!
Ti/e to #i0e (TT#)7 The 0alue of the field is set to 1" to ensure that the 4P#& $-4
pa9et is not trans/itted .eyond the sin9 end of the /onitored tunnel!
+untion type7 The 0alue of the field is set to 0;03" indiating that the $-4 pa9et type
is =,I!
,efet type and defet loation7
N The defet type field indiates the type of the generated defet! +or details" see
1!10!2!2 Tunnel ,efet Type!
N The defet loation field indiates the #&2 I, of the node that generates the defet!
Trail ter/ination soure identifier (TT&I)7 TT&I onsists of the #&2 I, and tunnel I, of
the ingress node of a tunnel! In the ase of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent" TT&I is not
re6uired in the =,I pa9et! Therefore" the TT&I .its are set to all 0s!
1B-.it interlea0ed parity (=IP 1B)7 If a =,I pa9et ontains an inorret =IP 1B" the
reei0er disards the pa9et! Chen =,I pa9ets are ontinuously disarded due to
inorret =IP 1Bs" the e6uip/ent will notify the '4&!
2eser0ed7 The reser0ed field is reser0ed for future use and is set to all 0s!
Padding7 The field is for padding .ytes and is set to all 0s!
Typical Application o8 a )DI Pac,et
+igure 1-33 shows the typial appliation of a =,I pa9et! Chen he9ing a tunnel defet" the
egress node infor/s the ingress node of the tunnel defet .y generating a =,I pa9et and
trans/itting the =,I pa9et o0er the preset re0erse tunnel!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of the =,I pa9et
2n)ress
Re/erse ,S:
For%ar! ,S:
'ransit 5)ress
Returnin) a 7D2
#+#"+%+0 -DI
- node that detets a defet generates a forward defet indiation (+,I) pa9et to suppress
other tunnel layer alar/s!
-ormat o8 an -DI Pac,et -ormat
The node that detets a defet pushes a tunnel la.el to an +,I pa9et .efore trans/itting it!
+igure 1-3* shows the for/at of an +,I pa9et!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of an +,I pa9et
31
0
,a$e(6 1B @O.> a(ert (a$e(A 5X: S '',6 1
Reser/e! @a(( 0300A
''S2 @20 octetsA
:a!!in) @a(( 0300A
@1B octetsA
72: 1D @2 octetsA
19 22 23
Defect t#pe @2 octetsA
Defect (ocation @B octetsA
$it
7
O.> pac-et ea!er
Ta.le 1-2* pro0ides the differenes .etween an ++, pa9et and a C1 pa9et!
Copyright Huawei
13*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 +or/at differenes .etween an +,I pa9et and a =,I pa9et
-ield )DI Pac,et -DI Pac,et
+untion type The field is set to 0;03"
pa9et type is =,I!
The field is set to 0;02"
pa9et type is +,I!
Typical Application o8 an -DI Pac,et
+igure 1-3A shows an appliation of the +,I pa9et on the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent! In this
appliation senario" +,I ena.les /ore rapid fault loating and protetion swithing! -fter the
+,I funtion is ena.led for the transit node" the transit node inserts an +,I pa9et on all
tunnels that tra0el through the transit node when a fault ours on the lin9 .etween the ingress
and transit nodes! $n reeption of the +,I pa9et" the egress node reports an alar/! In
addition" if 4P#& -P& is onfigured orretly" protetion swithing is diretly triggered
without waiting for the egress node to detet the tunnel defet within a detetion period!
Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of the +,I pa9et
2n)ress
,S:
2nsertin) an FD2
'ransit 5)ress
#+#"+%+2 Pin
The ping funtion is used to he9 the onneti0ity of lin9s" hannels" and 0irtual iruits! The
tunnel ping funtion is o//only used at the 4P#& layer" whereas the PC ping funtion is
o//only used at the PC layer!
Tunnel Pin
The tunnel ping funtion uses the 4P#& eho re6uest and 4P#& eho reply pa9ets to
0alidate a tunnel! The 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et arries the forwarding e6ui0alene lass
(+DC) infor/ation to .e he9ed and is trans/itted with the other pa9ets that also .elong to
this +DC along the tunnel! In this way" this tunnel is he9ed!
If the 4P#& ping funtion is used" the 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et should .e trans/itted to the
egress node of the tunnel! Then" the ontrol plane of the egress node he9s whether the loal
node is the egress of the +DC! The 4P#& ping is used to he9 whether a tunnel is
suessfully reated!
Copyright Huawei
13A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
P; Pin
The PC ping funtion is a /anual /ethod used to detet the onnetion status of a PC and
has si/ilar i/ple/entation /ethods to the tunnel ping funtion! If a PC fails to forward data"
the ontrol plane that is used for setting up the PC annot detet this fault! The PC ping
funtion pro0ides a /ehanis/ for deteting the PC faults!
The PC ping funtion uses the 4P#& eho re6uest and 4P#& eho reply pa9ets to 0alidate
a PC! The 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et arries the +DC infor/ation to .e he9ed and is
trans/itted with the other pa9ets that also .elong to this +DC along the PC! In this way" this
PC is he9ed!
#+#"+%+4 Traceroute
The traeroute funtion is si/ilar to the ping funtion! =oth the funtions are used to he9
the onneti0ity of hannels at the 4P#& layer and loate faulty nodes!
The traeroute funtion uses the 4P#& eho re6uest and 4P#& eho reply pa9ets to 0alidate
a tunnel! The 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et arries the +DC infor/ation to .e he9ed and is
trans/itted with the other pa9ets that also .elong to this +DC along the tunnel! In this way"
this tunnel is he9ed!
If the traeroute)PC funtion is used" the 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et should .e trans/itted to
eah transit node! Then" the transit node he9s whether the loal node is an inter/ediate
node on this path! The traeroute funtion is used to loate the fault on the networ9!
#+#"+& Speci6cations
This setion pro0ides the speifiations of 4P#& $-4!
Item Speci6cations
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of 4P#& $-4
resoures
$pti% $&' (007 B@
$pti% $&' ((07 12*
NOTE
$pti% $&' (007 Tunnel $-4 and PC $-4
share B@ $-4 resoures!
$pti% $&' ((07 Tunnel $-4" IDDD *02!1ag-
o/pliant DTH $-4 and PC $-4 share 12*
$-4 resoures!
$-4 pa9et type C1
++,
$-4 pa9et
trans/ission inter0al
C1 1000 /s
++,

3!3 /s
10 /s
20 /s
(0 /s
100 /s
200 /s
(00 /s
$-4 detetion /ode

-dapti0e /ode
Copyright Huawei
1@0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cations
4anual /ode
#&P defet types

d#$C1
dTT&IH4is/ath
dTT&IH4is/erge
dD;ess
d5n9nown
d&er0er
$-4 pa9et loss threshold &, and &+ thresholds
=,I &upports re0erse tunnels so that =,I pa9ets
an .e returned after an #&P defet has .een
deteted!
Dna.ling of +,I defet notifiation &upported
#+#"+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that 4P#& $-4 o/plies with!
4P#& $-4 o/plies with the following standards and protools7
IT5-T O!1311 $peration T 4aintenane /ehanis/ for 4P#& networ9s
#+#"+2 Availability
The 4P#& $-4 funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent and .oards!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
Copyright Huawei
1@1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
#+#"+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for 4P#& tunnel)PC $-4 in the
networ9 design phase" onfiguration and o//issioning phase" and /aintenane phase!
Applicable 3b=ect Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
Dntire feature The 4P#& tunnel)PC $-4
pa9et type /ust .e set to
FF," and the pa9et
sending period is
reo//ended to .e 3!3 /s!
4a9e sure that the
protetion swithing ti/e is
less than (0 /s!
4P#& PC $-4 Ping or traeroute tests
annot .e perfor/ed for
PCs arried .y a tunnel that
is .ound to an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring!
')-
Copyright Huawei
1@2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation Details
Remar,s
4P#& Tunnel $-4 +or a unidiretional tunnel"
a re0erse tunnel /ust .e
onfigured if 4P#& tunnel
$-4 is re6uired!
4a9e sure that the egress
node trans/its .a9ward
defet indiation (=,I)
pa9ets to the ingress node!
+or a unidiretional tunnel"
Node T/-e of the tunnel
/ust .e 1gress to start an
++, or ping)traeroute test
if 4P#& tunnel $-4 is
re6uired!
')-
.aintenance Principles
5imitation Details
Remar,s
Dntire feature The 4P#& tunnel)PC $-4
para/eters at .oth ends
/ust .e set to the sa/e!
')-
#+#"+* RealiEation Principle
This setion desri.es the he9 proess of the 4P#& $-4 funtion and the reali8ation
priniples of the tunnel ping funtion" tunnel traeroute funtion" PC ping funtion and PC
traeroute funtion!
Chec, Process o8 the .P5S 3A.
+igure 1-*0 shows the proess of C1)++, pa9et detetion!
Figure 1.1 Conneti0ity he9 of the 4P#& $-4
I!gress
Tu!!e"
Egress
Tu!!e"
Tra!sit
Tu!!e"
CV/FFD
7D2
'unne(
CV/FFD
7D2
The C1)++, pa9et detetion is perfor/ed as follows7
1! The ingress #&2 trans/its C1)++, pa9ets!
2! The transit #&2 transparently trans/its the C1)++, pa9ets!
Copyright Huawei
1@3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
3! The egress #&2 reei0es the C1)++, pa9ets!
@! The egress #&2 o/pares the reei0ed infor/ation fields" suh as pa9et type and
fre6ueny" with the fields reorded in the loal to he9 the orretness of the pa9ets! It
also perfor/s statistis to the nu/.ers of orret pa9ets and inorret pa9ets during
the detetion period! In this way" the onneti0ity of a tunnel is /onitored in real ti/e!
(! Chen deteting a defet of the tunnel" the egress node analy8es the defet type" and then
trans/its the =,I pa9et that arries the defet infor/ation to the ingress node through a
re0erse hannel so that the ingress node an learn the defet status in ti/e!
If a protetion group is orretly onfigured" the orresponding protetion swithing is also triggered!
RealiEation Principle o8 the Tunnel Pin -unction
-s shown in +igure 1-*1" the 4P#& ping funtion is used to he9 whether a tunnel is
suessfully reated!
Figure 1.1 2eali8ation priniple of the tunnel ping funtion
I!gress
LS0
Egress
LS0
Tra!sit
LS0
>:,S 5co Re?uest
>:,S 5co Rep(#
The i/ple/entation proess of the tunnel ping funtion is as follows7
1! The ingress #&2 trans/its an 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et!
2! The transit #&2 forwards the 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et!
If the transit #&2 fails to forward the pa9et" it responds a reply /essage ontaining an error ode!
3! $n reei0ing the 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et" the egress #&2 proesses the 4P#& eho
re6uest pa9et and returns an 4P#& eho reply pa9et!
RealiEation Principle o8 the Tunnel Traceroute -unction
-s shown in +igure 1-*2" the 4P#& traeroute funtion is used to loate a tunnel fault!
Copyright Huawei
1@@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 2eali8ation priniple of the tunnel traeroute funtion
I!gress
LS0
Egress
LS0
Tra!sit
LS0
>:,S 5co Re?uest
@ '',C1 A
>:,S 5co Re?uest
@ '',C2 A
>:,S 5co Rep(#
>:,S 5co Rep(#
The i/ple/entation proess of the tunnel traeroute funtion is as follows7
1! The ingress #&2 trans/its an 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et with its TT# .eing 1!
2! $n reei0ing the 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et" the transit #&2 proesses the 4P#& eho
In this ase" the transit #&2 is the ter/ination node of the 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et .eause TT# is
e6ual to 1! Therefore" the transit #&2 does not transparently trans/it the reei0ed pa9et!
3! $n reei0ing the 4P#& eho reply pa9et" the ingress #&2 hanges the 0alue of TT# to
2 and trans/its the 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et again!
@! The transit #&2 forwards the 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et!
In this ase" the transit #&2 is an inter/ediate node of the 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et .eause TT# is
e6ual to 2! Therefore" the transit #&2 transparently trans/its the reei0ed pa9et!
(! $n reei0ing the 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et" the egress #&2 proesses the 4P#& eho
P; PinATraceroute
The PC ping funtion uses the 4P#& eho re6uest and 4P#& eho reply pa9ets to 0alidate
a PC! The 4P#& eho re6uest pa9et arries the +DC infor/ation to .e he9ed and is
trans/itted with the other pa9ets that also .elong to this +DC along the PC! In this way" this
PC is he9ed!
The i/ple/entation of the PC ping funtion and PC traeroute funtion are si/ilar to the
i/ple/entation of the tunnel ping funtion and PC traeroute funtion! Therefore" this setion does not
desri.e the i/ple/entation proess of the PC ping funtion and PC traeroute funtion!
#+#"+1 Application o8 the .P5S 3A.
The 4P#& $-4 pro0ides end-to-end defet detetion /ethods for the 4P#& networ9!
Copyright Huawei
1@(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The 4P#& $-4 is /ainly applia.le to the tunnel of the ore layer on the P&' networ9" as
shown in +igure 1-*3!
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of the 4P#& $-4
.ccess ,a#er
.ccess ,a#er
Core ,a#er
Custo" ,a#er Custo" ,a#er
:5
C5
:
C5
Tu!!e"
C5
: :
:
:5
C5
+SN
+SN
+SN
Ta.le 1-2A lists different appliation senarios of the C1)++," ping" and traeroute funtions!
Table 1.1 -ppliation senarios of different defet detetion /ethods in the 4P#& $-4
3A. Type -unction Application Scenario
C1)++, 5nidiretional onneti0ity
he9
2eal-ti/e he9 of the
tunnel status
Ping =idiretional onneti0ity
he9
+ault loating or detetion at
two ends
Traeroute +ault loating Che9 of the tunnel route
#+#"+/ Con6urin the .P5S Tunnel 3A. -unction
This topi desri.es how to onfigure the tunnel $-4 funtion!
#+#"+/+# :nablin the Tunnel 3A. -unction
Oou need to ena.le the $-4 funtion of a tunnel .efore perfor/ing the Tunnel $-4
operations!
PrereBuisites
The 4P#& tunnel /ust .e reated!
Copyright Huawei
1@B
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Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D and then hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio >
M)!% Maagemet > #icast Tuel Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the OAM )arameters ta.! &elet Eabled fro/ the drop-down /enu of OAM %tatus!
Step & Cli9 A--l/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is
suessful!
Step 0 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+#"+/+% Settin the Tunnel 3A. Parameters
=ased on different Tunnel $-4 para/eters" the results of the Tunnel $-4 operation are
different! Hene" you need to set the 4P#& $-4 para/eters .efore the Tunnel $-4
operation is perfor/ed!
PrereBuisites
The Tunnel $-4 funtion /ust .e ena.led!
Procedure
Step % Cli9 the OAM )arameters ta. and set the re6uired para/eters!
Chen you set these para/eters" pay attention to the following points7
,etectio )ac*et )eriod7 Chen ,etectio )ac*et )eriod is set to C'" the 0alue of ,etectio
)ac*et )eriod3ms4 is 1s and annot .e set! Chen ,etectio )ac*et )eriod is set to FF," the 0alue
of ,etectio )ac*et )eriod an .e set!
2e&erse Tuel7 Chen the egress node detets a defet" it trans/its the =,I pa9et that arries the
defet infor/ation to the ingress node through the re0erse tunnel! Therefore" the ingress node an
learn the defet status in ti/e!
Chen Node T/-e is set to Egress" the %, T$res$old and %F T$res$old para/eters an .e set!
suessful!
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Step 0 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+#"+/+& Startin the CVA--D 8or a Tunnel
Oou an he9 the unidiretional onneti0ity of a tunnel .y perfor/ing a C1 or an ++,!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step % Cli9 the OAM )arameters ta. and selet a tunnel! Cli9 OAM O-eratio and selet %tart
C'0FF, fro/ the drop-down /enu! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed"
indiating that the operation is suessful!
The C1)++, an .e started only when Node T/-e of the tunnel is set to 1gress!
Step & Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+#"+/+0 Per8ormin an 5SP Pin Test
Oou an he9 whether an #&P is suessfully reated .y perfor/ing an #&P ping test!
PrereBuisites
Copyright Huawei
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Procedure
Step % Cli9 the OAM )arameters ta. and selet a tunnel! Cli9 OAM O-eratio and selet )ig
Test fro/ the drop-down /enu! The )ig Test dialog .o; is displayed!
The ping test an .e perfor/ed only when Node T/-e of the tunnel is set to 1gress!
Step & &et the re6uired para/eters!
Step 0 Cli9 %tart Test! Che9 the result of the pint test!
....Ed
#+#"+/+2 Per8ormin an 5SP Traceroute Test
Oou an loate the fault on the networ9 .y perfor/ing an #&P traeroute test!
PrereBuisites
Copyright Huawei
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Procedure
Step % Cli9 the OAM )arameters ta. and selet a tunnel! Cli9 OAM O-eratio and selet
Traceroute Test fro/ the drop-down /enu! The Traceroute Test dialog .o; is displayed!
The traeroute test an .e perfor/ed only when Node T/-e of the tunnel is set to 1gress!
Step 0 Cli9 %tart Test! Che9 the result of the traeroute test!
....Ed
#+#"+#" Con6urin the .P5S P; 3A.
This setion desri.es how to onfigure the PC $-4!
#+#"+#"+# :nablin the 3A. o8 a P;
Oou need to ena.le the $-4 funtion of the orresponding PC .efore perfor/ing the PC
$-4 operation!
Copyright Huawei
1(0
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PrereBuisites
- PC /ust .e reated!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired 'D" and then hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
Cofiguratio > M)!% Maagemet > )" Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the )" OAM )arameter ta.! In the OAM %tatus area" li9 Eabled!
suessful!
Step 0 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+#"+#"+% Settin the 3A. Parameters o8 a P;
Oou need to set the $-4 para/eters of a PC so that you an /onitor the status of the PC in
real ti/e!
PrereBuisites
The PC $-4 funtion /ust .e ena.led!
Procedure
Step % Cli9 the )" OAM )arameter ta. and set the re6uired para/eters!
,etectio )ac*et )eriod 3ms47 Chen ,etectio Mode is set to C1" ,etectio )ac*et )eriod 3ms4
is always 1000 /s and annot .e hangedI when ,etectio Mode is set to ++," ,etectio )ac*et
)eriod 3ms4 an .e set to a re6uired 0alue!
If you selet PC -P& protetion for the Dthernet ser0ies to .e arried .y the PC" you an onfigure
the PC $-4 funtion when you onfigure a protetion group for the PC!
suessful!
Step 0 Cli9 Close!
Copyright Huawei
1(1
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....Ed
#+#"+#"+& Per8ormin a P; Pin Test
Oou an he9 the status of a PC .y perfor/ing a PC ping test!
PrereBuisites
The tunnel arrying the PC /ust not .e .ound to an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
Procedure
Step % Cli9 the )" OAM )arameter ta. and selet a PC! Cli9 OAM O-eratio and hoose
)ig Test fro/ the drop-down /enu! The )ig Test dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 Cli9 %tart Test and 0iew the pint test result!
In the test result ta.le" he9 infor/ation a.out the tested PC inluding the nu/.er of trans/itted
pa9ets" nu/.er of reei0ed pa9ets" pa9et loss ratio" and delay infor/ation" to deter/ine the status of
the PC!
....Ed
#+#"+#"+0 Per8ormin a P; Traceroute Test
Oou an loate the fault on the networ9 .y perfor/ing a PC traeroute test!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
PrereBuisites
The tunnel arrying the PC /ust not .e .ound to an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
Procedure
Step % Cli9 the )" OAM )arameter ta. and selet a PC! Cli9 OAM O-eratio and hoose
Traceroute Test fro/ the drop-down /enu! The Traceroute Test dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 Cli9 %tart Test and 0iew the pint test result!
In the test result ta.le" he9 infor/ation a.out the tested PC inluding the nu/.er of trans/itted
pa9ets" nu/.er of reei0ed pa9ets" pa9et loss ratio" and delay infor/ation" to deter/ine the status of
the PC!
....Ed
#+#"+## Con6uration :9ample 8or the .P5S Tunnel
3A. -unction
This topi onsiders an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the tunnel $-4 funtion!
#+#"+##+# Case Description
The tunnel $-4 funtion is applia.le to a tunnel! The $-4 funtion pro0ides 0arious
he9 /ethods" inluding the C1)++," #&P ping" and #&P traeroute!
Service ReBuirement
$n a networ9 as shown in +igure 1-*@" 'D1" 'D2" 'D3" and 'D@ are the $pti% $&' 'Ds!
- stati #&P tunnel" tunnel 1" is onfigured on the path of 'D1-'D2-'D@! The C1" #&P
ping" and #&P traeroute he9 /ethods are used on tunnel 1 through the Tunnel $-4
/ehanis/! - stati re0erse #&P tunnel" tunnel 3" is onfigured on the path of 'D@-'D2-
'D1! This tunnel is used to trans/it the he9 result!
- stati #&P tunnel" tunnel 2" is onfigured on the path of 'D@-'D3-'D1! The ++," #&P
ping" and #&P traeroute he9 /ethods are used on tunnel 2 through the Tunnel $-4
/ehanis/! - stati re0erse #&P tunnel" tunnel @" is onfigured on the path of 'D1-'D3-
'D@! This tunnel is used to trans/it the he9 result!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of the Tunnel $-4 funtion
N51
N52
N53
N5B
Co"pan# . Co"pan# 7
For%ar! ,S: 'unne(
Re/erse ,S: 'unne(
Service Plannin
The e;a/ple shown in +igure 1-*@ is onsidered as an e;a/ple!
'D1 initiates the C1" #&P ping" and #&P traeroute he9s! 'D@ notifies 'D1 of the
fault through the re0erse #&P tunnel" that is" tunnel 3!
'D@ initiates the ++,! 'D1 notifies 'D@ of the fault through the re0erse #&P tunnel" that
is" tunnel @!
Ta.le 1-30 lists the onfiguration para/eters of the Tunnel $-4 funtion!
Table 1.1 Configuration para/eters of the Tunnel $-4
Parameter Value
&tation 'D1 'D@
$-4 &tatus Dna.led Dna.led
,etetion 4ode 4anual 4anual
,etetion Pa9et Type C1 ++,
,etetion Pa9et Period
(/s)
1000 (00
#+#"+##+% Con6uration Process
=ased on the preeding e;a/ple" onfigure the Tunnel $-4 funtion as follows!
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e fa/iliar with the networ9ing" re6uire/ents" and ser0ie planning of the e;a/ple!
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Procedure
Step # $n the 52000" onfigure the Tunnel $-4 funtion! +or the onfiguration /ethod" see
1!10!A!2 &etting the Tunnel $-4 Para/eters !
&et the para/eters of 'D1 as follows7
$-4 &tatus7 Dna.led
,etetion 4ode7 4anual
,etetion Pa9et Type7 C1
,etetion Pa9et Period (/s)7 1000
&et the para/eters of 'D@ as follows7
$-4 &tatus7 Dna.led
,etetion 4ode7 4anual
,etetion Pa9et Type7 ++,
,etetion Pa9et Period (/s)7 (00
Step % -t 'D1" perfor/ the C1)++, for the tunnel! +or details a.out the operations" see 1!10!A!3
&tarting the C1)++, for a Tunnel!
Step & -t 'D@" perfor/ the C1)++, for the tunnel! +or details a.out the operations" see 1!10!A!3
&tarting the C1)++, for a Tunnel!
Step 0 -t 'D1" perfor/ the #&P ping test! +or details a.out the operations" see 1!10!A!@ Perfor/ing
an #&P Ping Test!
Step 2 -t 'D1" perfor/ the #&P traeroute test! +or details a.out the operations" see 1!10!A!(
Perfor/ing an #&P Traeroute Test!
....Ed
#+#"+#% Con6uration :9ample 8or the .P5S P;
3A. -unction
This setion onsiders an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the PC $-4 funtion!
#+#"+#%+# Case Description
The PC $-4 funtion is pro0ided for PCs! -fter the PC $-4 funtion is onfigured" PCs
an .e /onitored in real ti/e!
Service ReBuirement
$n a P&' as shown in +igure 1-*(" the Dthernet ser0ies .etween the 'ode= and the 2'C
are arried .y PCs!
- tunnel is a0aila.le .etween 'D1 and 'D2!
The tunnel ontains two PCs! Oou an onfigure PC -P& to protet the Dthernet
ser0ies .etween the 'ode= and the 2'C!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of the PC $-4 funtion
No!e7
N52 N51
RNC
+SN
:<1
:<2
'unne(
:<
Service Plannin
Ta.le 1-31 lists the onfiguration para/eters of the PC $-4 funtion!
Table 1.1 Configuration para/eters of the PC $-4 funtion
Parameter Value
'D 'D1 'D2
,etetion 4ode 4anual 4anual
,etetion Pa9et Type ++, ++,
,etetion Pa9et Period(/s) 3!3 /s 3!3 /s
#+#"+#%+% Con6uration Process
This setion desri.es the onfiguration proess of the PC $-4 funtion .ased on the
preeding e;a/ple!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # Configure the PC $-4 funtion on 'D1 and 'D2! +or the onfiguration /ethod" see
1!10!10!2 &etting the $-4 Para/eters of a PC!
N: Parameter Value
'D1 $-4 &tatus Dna.led
Copyright Huawei
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N: Parameter Value
,etetion 4ode 4anual
,etetion Pa9et Type ++,
,etetion Pa9et
Period(/s)
3!3 /s
'D2 $-4 &tatus Dna.led
,etetion 4ode 4anual
,etetion Pa9et Type ++,
,etetion Pa9et
Period(/s)
3!3 /s
The other para/eters ta9e the default 0alues!
Step % $n 'D1" perfor/ the PC ping test! +or details a.out the operations" see 1!10!10!3 Perfor/ing
a PC Ping Test!
....Ed
#+#"+#& Troubleshootin
This topi desri.es the sy/pto/ of o//on faults when the tunnel $-4 funtion is
ena.led and the solution to the rele0ant fault!
Symptoms
Chen the networ9 nor/ally operates" the following alar/s are reported when the 4P#&
$-4 detets that an ano/aly ours in the tunnel!
4P#&HT5''D#H#$C1 alar/ at the reei0e end
4P#&HT5''D#H4I&4-TCH alar/ at the reei0e end
4P#&HT5''D#H4I&4D2<D alar/ at the reei0e end
4P#&HT5''D#HD%CD&& alar/ at the reei0e end
4P#&HT5''D#H&,)4P#&HT5''D#H&+ alar/ at the reei0e end
4P#&HT5''D#H+,I alar/ at the reei0e end
4P#&HT5''D#H=,I alar/ at the trans/it end
Possible Causes
The physial lin9 is faulty or inorretly onneted!
- ertain .oard is faulty!
The $-4 pa9et trans/ission is not ena.led at the trans/it end!
The 4P#& $-4 para/eters of the trans/it end and reei0e end are inorretly set or
are inonsistent!
The tunnel para/eters are inorretly set!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The lin9 is ongested or all the .andwidths of the tunnel are oupied!
Troubleshootin -lo7
+igure 1-*B shows the flow hart for retifying a fault when the 4P#& -P& funtion is
ena.led!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 +low hart for retifying a fault when the 4P#& $-4 funtion is ena.led
No
Kes
Start
5n!
<eter fi$ers or
ca$(es are correct(#
connecte!L
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
No
Reconnect fi$ers or
ca$(es
<eter
O.> !etection
is nor"a(L
<eter
te $oar! functions
nor"a((#L
Rep(ace te $oar!
<eter
O.> !etection
is nor"a(L
<eter
O.> !etection is
nor"a(L
<eter
O.> pac-et trans"ission
is ena$(e! at te
trans"it en!L
5na$(e O.> pac-et
trans"ission at te
tran"it en!
<eter
O.> !etection is
nor"a(L
<eter
O.> para"eters at
$ot en!s are
consistentL
Re-set te O.>
para"eters at $ot
en!s
<eter
O.> !etection is
nor"a(L
<eter
O.> !etection is
nor"a(L
<eter tunne(
para"eters are
correctL
Re-set te tunne(
para"eters
<eter te traffic of
te trans"itte! ser/ice
is nor"a(L
Set te tunne(
$an!%it i)er tan
te ser/ice $an!%i!t
an! protoco(
$an!%i!t
<eter te O.>-
re(ate! a(ar" is
reporte!L
See te Alarms and
Performance Events
Reference for so(ution
<eter
O.> !etection is
nor"a(L
No
Contact &ua%ei
en)ineers for so(ution
Copyright Huawei
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Procedure
Cause 17 The physial lin9 is faulty or inorretly onneted!
1! Che9 whether any fi.ers or a.les are .ro9en" da/aged" or pressed! If yes" replae the
faulty fi.ers of a.les!
2! Che9 whether the fi.ers are inorretly onneted! If yes" reonnet the fi.ers!
Cause 27 - ertain .oard is faulty!
1! $n the 52000" he9 whether the C$445'H+-I# alar/ is reported on the opposite
'D! If yes" it indiates that the opposite 'D is .eing reset! -fter the C$445'H+-I#
alar/ is leared" he9 whether any alar/s related to the 4P#& $-4 funtion are
reported on the loal 'D!
2! If the alar/ related to the 4P#& $-4 funtion persists on the loal 'D" 6uery the .oard
that reports the alar/ and replae the .oard!
Cause 37 The $-4 pa9et trans/ission is not ena.led at the trans/it end!
1! In the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the 'D to .e onfigured and then hoose NE Ex-lorer
fro/ the shortut /enu!
2! Choose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio > M)!% Maagemet > #icast
Tuel Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
3! Cli9 the OAM )arameters ta.! 2ight-li9 the tunnel at the trans/it end" and then
hoose %tart C'0FF, fro/ the shortut /enu!
Cause @7 The 4P#& $-4 para/eters of the trans/it end and reei0e end are inorretly
set or are inonsistent!
3! Cli9 the OAM )arameters ta.! Then" li9 +uer/ to o.tain the settings of the $-4
para/eters of the loal 'D!
@! Cli9 ! In the NE Na&igator dialog .o; that is displayed" selet the opposite 'D!
Then" li9 +uer/ to o.tain the settings of the $-4 para/eters of the opposite 'D!
(! Che9 whether the onfiguration data of the two 'Ds is onsistent! If not" li9 Modif/
to /odify the settings of the $-4 para/eters!
Cause (7 The tunnel para/eters are inorretly set!
3! Cli9 +uer/ to he9 whether the tunnel para/eters are orretly set! If not" re-set the
tunnel para/eters!
Cause B7 The lin9 is ongested or all the .andwidths of the tunnel are oupied!
1! In the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the 'D to .e onfigured and hoose NE Ex-lorer
3! Inrease the .andwidth of the tunnel whose Node T/-e is set to 1gress or Trasit" so
that the .andwidth of the tunnel an .e higher than the ser0ie .andwidth and the
.andwidth re6uired .y the 4P#& $-4 pa9et!
Copyright Huawei
1B0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
If the alar/ related to the 4P#& $-4 funtion persists after the preeding operations
are perfor/ed" see the Alarms and Performance Events Reference to lear the alar/! If
the fault persists" ontat Huawei tehnial support engineers to handle the fault!
....Ed
#+#"+#0 Relevant Alarms and :vents
This topi desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are related to the 4P#& $-4
funtion!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
4P#&HT5''D#
H=,I
Indiates defets in the .a9ward diretion of a tunnel!
4P#&HT5''D#
HD;ess
Indiates that e;essi0e trail ter/ination soure identifiers (TT&Is) of a
tunnel are reei0ed!
4P#&HT5''D#
H+,I
Indiates defets in the forward diretion of a tunnel!
4P#&HT5''D#
H#$C1
Indiates loss of tunnel onneti0ity!
4P#&HT5''D#
H4I&4-TC
Indiates /is/ath of the TT&Is of tunnels!
4P#&HT5''D#
H4I&4D2<D
Indiates that the TT&Is of tunnels are inorretly /erged!
4P#&HT5''D#
H&,
Indiates that the signal on a tunnel degrades!
4P#&HT5''D#
H&+
Indiates that the signal on a tunnel degrades se0erely!
4P#&HT5''D#
H5'G'$C'
Indiates that ertain un9nown defets e;ist on a tunnel!
4P#&HPCH=,I Indiates defets in the .a9ward diretion of a PC!
4P#&HPCHD;e
ss
Indiates that e;essi0e TT&Is of a PC are reei0ed!
4P#&HPCH#$C
1
Indiates loss of PC onneti0ity!
4P#&HPCH4I&
4-TCH
Indiates /is/ath of the TT&Is of PCs!
4P#&HPCH4I&
4D2<D
Indiates that the TT&Is of PCs are inorretly /erged!
4P#&HPCH&, Indiates that the signal on a PC degrades!
4P#&HPCH&+ Indiates that the signal on a PC degrades se0erely!
Copyright Huawei
1B1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Alarm Name .eanin
4P#&HPCH5'G
'$C'
Indiates that ertain un9nown defets e;ist on a PC!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to 4P#& $-4!
#+#"+#2 Parameters 8or Con6urin .P5S
TunnelsAP; 3A.
The 4P#& $-4 funtion an .e used to effeti0ely detet" onfir/" and loate internal
defets that our on the 4P#& layer" and /onitor networ9 perfor/ane!
#+#"+#2+# 3A. Parameters
$-4 para/eters inlude Tuel 1," Tuel Name" Node T/-e" and OAM %tatus!
Ta.le 1-32 lists para/eters for the $-4 funtion!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for the $-4 funtion
Tunnel I, D;a/ple7 3 ,isplays the tunnel I,!
Tunnel 'a/e Charater string ,isplays the tunnel na/e!
'ode Type Ingress" Dgress" Transit ,isplays the node type!
$-4 &tatus Dna.led" ,isa.led &peifies or displays the
$-4 status!
Eabled7 $-4-related
operations an .e
perfor/ed!
,isabled7 $-4-related
operations annot .e
perfor/ed!
,etetion 4ode -uto-&ending" 4anual &peifies or displays the
detetion /ode!
Maual7 he9s tunnel

ontinuity .ased on the
user speified type of
pa9ets to .e reei0ed
and the inter0al for
reei0ing pa9ets!
Auto.%edig7 he9s
tunnel ontinuity .ased
on the type of pa9ets
Copyright Huawei
1B2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
reei0ed and the inter0al
for reei0ing pa9ets!
,etetion Pa9et Type C1" ++, &peifies the detetion
pa9et type on an ingress
node!
C'7 indiates onneti0ity

0erifiation! In this
/ode" the inter0al for
trans/itting detetion
pa9ets is always 1s!
FF,7 indiates fast failure

detetion! In this /ode"
the inter0al for
trans/itting detetion
pa9ets an .e set as
re6uired!
,etetion Pa9et Period
(/s)
3!3" 10" 20" (0" 100" 200"
(00
detetion pa9et period!
Chen ,etectio )ac*et
T/-e is set to FF,"
,etectio )ac*et )eriod
3ms4 an .e set as re6uired!
T/-e is set to C'"
3ms4 has a fi;ed 0alue of
1000!
2e0erse Tunnel D;a/ple7 3 &peifies re0erse tunnels!
C1)++, &tatus &top" &tart ,isplays the C1)++, status!
#&P &tatus 'ear-Dnd -0aila.le" 'ear-
Dnd ,efet -0aila.le" 'ear-
Dnd ,efet 5na0aila.le"
'ear-Dnd 5na0aila.le"
2e/ote -0aila.le" 2e/ote
,efet -0aila.le" 2e/ote
,efet 5na0aila.le" 2e/ote
5na0aila.le" Initiali8ed
,isplays the #&P status!
#&P ,efet Type d&er0er" d#$C1"
dTT&IH4is/ath"
dTT&IH4is/erge" dD;ess"
d5n9nown
,isplays the #&P defet
type!
,isa.le #&P ,uration (/s) 0 to B((3(0 ,isplays the duration when
the tunnel is una0aila.le!
#&P ,efet #oation D;a/ple7 1A2!1B*!11!1 ,isplays defet loation in a
networ9 using an IP address!
Copyright Huawei
1B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&oure 'ode D;a/ple7 1A2!1B*!11!2 ,isplays the soure node of
a tunnel!
&in9 'ode D;a/ple7 1A2!1B*!11!3 ,isplays the sin9 node of a
tunnel!
#+#"+#2+% P; 3A. Parameters
PC $-4 para/eters an .e set for /onitoring PC statuses in real ti/e! This setion
desri.es para/eters that are related with PC $-4!
Table 1.1 PC $-4 para/eters
PC I, +or e;a/ple" 101 ,isplays the PC I,!
PC Type Dthernet" Dthernet Tag
4ode" &-Top" CD&oP&'
,efault 0alue7 Dthernet
NOTE
This para/eter an .e set to
only Et$eret and Et$eret
Tag Mode for $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent!
&peifies the type of a
ser0ie trans/itted o0er a
PC! - PC an trans/it
/ultiple types of ser0ies!
Dthernet7 This 0alue is

used when an Dthernet
ser0ie is reated! 'o
&H1#-' tag is added to
ser0ie pa9ets!
Dthernet Tag 4ode7 This

0alue is used when an
Dthernet ser0ie is
reated! &H1#-' tags
are added to ser0ie
pa9ets!
&-Top7 This 0alue is used

when a CD& ser0ie is
reated! In &truture-
-gnosti Ti/e ,i0ision
4ultiple;ing o0er Pa9et
(&-ToP) /ode"
e6uip/ent does not sense
any for/at in T,4
signals! Instead" it
onsiders T,4 signals
as .it flows at a onstant
rate" and therefore the
entire .andwidth of T,4
signals is e/ulated! The
o0erheads and payloads
in T,4 signals are
transparently trans/itted!
CD&oP&'7 This 0alue is

Copyright Huawei
1B@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
used when a CD& ser0ie
is reated! In &truture-
aware T,4 Ciruit
D/ulation &er0ie o0er
Pa9et &withed
'etwor9 (CD&oP&')
/ode" e6uip/ent senses
fra/e strutures" fra/e
align/ent /odes" and
ti/eslots in the T,4
iruits" proesses the
o0erheads in and e;trats
the payloads fro/ the
T,4 fra/es" and loads
ti/eslots to these
payloads in a speifi
se6uene! -s a result" the
ser0ies in eah ti/eslot
are fi;ed and 0isi.le in
pa9ets!
Chen reating a PC" selet
a PC type .ased on the
ser0ie type .ound with the
PC!
Chen you onfigure the PC
$-4 funtion" this
para/eter an .e set to only
Et$eret and Et$eret Tag
Mode for $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent!
$-4 &tatus Dna.led" ,isa.led &peifies the PC $-4
status!
-ssoiate -C &tate - ,isplays the assoiate -C
state of a PC!
NOTE
This para/eter is inapplia.le
to the PC $-4 funtion!
,etetion 4ode -uto-&ending" 4anual &peifies or displays the
detetion /ode!
Maual7 Continuity he9

(CC) pa9ets are sent at
an inter0al speified .y
users!
Auto.%edig7 CC
pa9ets are sent at the
inter0al of pa9et
reei0ing!
The lin9-layer detetion of
the 4P#& -P& is perfor/ed
Copyright Huawei
1B(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
.y using the 4P#& $-4
funtion! Therefore" the
4P#& $-4 para/eters
related to tunnels need to .e
set .efore the onfiguration
of the 4P#& -P&!
,etetion Pa9et Type C1" ++, &peifies the type of
detetion pa9ets!
C'7 ,etetion pa9ets are

sent at a fi;ed inter0al!
FF,7 ,etetion pa9ets

are sent at an inter0al
speified .y users!
,eteted Pa9et Period(/s) 3!3" 10" 20" (0" 100" 200"
(00
T/-e is set to C'"
3ms4 has a fi;ed 0alue of
1000! Chen ,etectio
)ac*et T/-e is set to FF,"
3ms4 an .e set as re6uired!
Chen ,etectio Mode is
set to Auto.%edig"
,etected )ac*et
)eriod3ms4 has a fi;ed
0alue of 1000!
If ,etectio Mode is set to
Maual" ,etected )ac*et
)eriod3ms4 an .e set to a
0alue ranging fro/ (.( to
566!
&, Threshold(U) 0 to 100
,efault 0alue7 0
&peifies or displays the &,
threshold!
&+ Threshold(U) 0 to 100
,efault 0alue7 0
&peifies or displays the &+
threshold!
The 0alue of %, /ust .e
s/aller than or e6ual to %F!
#&2 I, to =e 2eei0ed D;a/ple7 10!100!100!2 &peifies the #&2 I, to .e
reei0ed!
The !%2 1, to be 2ecei&ed
and )" 1, to be 2ecei&ed
an .e set only when OAM
%tatus is ,isabled!
Trans/itted PC I, 1 to @2A@AB32A(
+or e;a/ple" (30
&peifies the PC I, to .e
reei0ed!
4ultiple PCs of the sa/e
Copyright Huawei
1BB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
type annot ta9e the sa/e
PC I,! 4ultiple PCs of
different types an ta9e the
sa/e PC I,!
#oal Cor9ing &tatus Initial" 'ear-Dnd -0aila.le"
'ear-Dnd ,efet -0aila.le"
'ear-Dnd ,efet
5na0aila.le" 'ear-Dnd
5na0aila.le
,isplays the wor9ing status
of a PC at the loal end!
#oal PC ,efet Type - ,isplays the loal PC defet
type!
#oal ,isa.le PC
,uration(/s)
- ,isplays the duration when
a PC is disa.led at the loal
end!
#oal PC ,efet #oation ,efault 0alue7
2((!2((!2((!2((
,isplays a loal PC defet
loation!
2e/ote Cor9ing &tatus Initial" 2e/ote -0aila.le"
2e/ote-Dnd ,efet
-0aila.le" 2e/ote-Dnd
,efet 5na0aila.le"
2e/ote-Dnd 5na0aila.le
,isplays the wor9ing status
of a PC at the re/ote end!
2e/ote PC ,efet Type - ,isplays the re/ote PC
defet type!
2e/ote ,isa.le PC
,uration(/s)
- ,isplays the duration when
a PC is disa.led at the
re/ote end!
2e/ote PC ,efet #oation ,efault 0alue7
2((!2((!2((!2((
,isplays the re/ote PC
defet loation!
#+#"+#2+& Pin Test
This setion desri.es para/eters for a ping test" inluding starting a ping test and stopping a
ping test!
Ta.le 1-3@ lists para/eters for a ping test!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for a ping test
Pa9et Count D;a/ple7 3 &peifies pa9et ounts!
D%P 1alue 0 to 3 &peifies the D%P 0alue!
- larger D%P 0alue indiates
a higher pa9et priority!
Copyright Huawei
1B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
TT# 1 to 2(( &peifies the ti/e to li0e
(TT#)!
Trans/it Inter0al(10/s) 10 to 1000 &peifies the inter0al for
trans/itting pa9ets!
Pa9et #ength B@ to 1@00 &peifies the pa9et length!
If the /anually speified
0alue is not an integral
/ultiple of @" the syste/
will auto/atially inrease
the 0alue to the losest
integral /ultiple of @!
Cait-to-2esponse Ti/eout
Ti/e(10/s)
(0 to B000 &peifies the wait-to-
response ti/eout ti/e!
2esponse 4ode 'o 2esponse" IP0@ 5,P
2esponse" -ppliation
Control Channel
&peifies the response /ode!
No 2es-ose indiates
that the test perfor/ane
e0ent is reported without
sending response
pa9ets!
A--licatio Cotrol
C$ael indiates that
response is perfor/ed
through the re0erse
hannel!
1)&7 #,) 2es-ose

indiates that IP0@ 5,P
pa9ets enapsulating
4P#& eho reply
/essages are sent as
response pa9ets!
1)&7 #,) 2es-ose is

reser0ed for senarios
where all nodes on an
#&P o//uniate with
eah other o0er a ,C'
running IP protools!
&et this para/eter .ased

on the re/ote PD! If the
re/ote PD supports
re0erse hannel response"
set this para/eter to
A--licatio Cotrol
C$ael! If the re/ote
PD does not support
re0erse hannel response
.ut supports ,C'
hannel response .y
/eans of IP protools"
Copyright Huawei
1B*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
set this para/eter to
1)&7 #,) 2es-ose!
Test 2esult Charater string ,isplays the test result!
#+#"+#2+0 Traceroute Test
This setion desri.es para/eters for onfiguring a traeroute test" suh as )ac*et !egt$
and 2es-ose Mode!
Ta.le 1-3( lists para/eters for onfiguring a traeroute test!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring a traeroute test
D%P 1alue 0 to 3 &peifies the D%P 0alue!
- larger D%P 0alue indiates
a higher pa9et priority!
TT# 1 to 2(( &peifies the ti/e to li0e
(TT#)!
Pa9et #ength *@ to 1@00 &peifies the pa9et length!
Cait-to-2esponse Ti/eout
Ti/e(10/s)
(0 to B000 &peifies the wait-to-
response ti/eout ti/e!
2esponse 4ode 'o 2esponse" IP0@ 5,P
2esponse" -ppliation
Control Channel
NOTE
This para/eter an .e set to
only 1)&7 #,) 2es-ose!
&peifies the response /ode!
Test 2esult Charater string ,isplays the test result!
#+## .P5S'TP 3A.
4ultiprotool la.el swithing transport profile $-4 (4P#&-TP $-4) is de0eloped .ased
on 4P#& $-4" pro0iding stronger networ9 diagnosis funtions! 4P#&-TP $-4 an
6ui9ly loate a networ9 fault!
#+##+# Introduction
To /eet the re6uire/ents of transport networ9s" the 4P#&-TP tehnology has .een
de0eloped! It is an opti/i8ation of 4P#&" espeially for the $-4 funtion! This setion
desri.es 4P#&-TP and 4P#&-TP $-4!
Copyright Huawei
1BA
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+##+#+# Introduction to .P5S'TP
4ultiprotool #a.el &withing Transport Profile (4P#&-TP) e0ol0es fro/ the traditional
4P#& tehnology and is a su.set of 4P#&! 4P#&-TP uses 4P#& la.el swithed paths
(#&Ps) to arry a 0ariety of ser0ies" eli/inating o/pliated IP funtions and featuring
powerful transport apa.ilities!
3riin o8 .P5S'TP
Traditional transport networ9s trans/it ser0ies using the T,4 plane! -s usto/ers re6uire
/ore .andwidths" a tehnology that supports .oth T,4-plane trans/ission and pa9et
trans/ission is re6uired! 5nder this iru/stane" the 4P#& tehnology a/e into .eing!
4P#& an aurately ontrol and /a;i/i8e networ9 resoure utili8ation!
Howe0er" so/e features of 4P#& do not /eet the re6uire/ents of transport networ9s!
Therefore" IT5-T de0eloped the Transport 4P#& (T-4P#&) tehnology! T-4P#& is a su.set
of 4P#&! It e;ludes the Penulti/ate Hop Popping (PHP) and D6ual Cost 4ultipath 2outing
(DC4P) features" inherits the onnetion-orientation feature" and opti/i8es the relia.ility"
$-4" and protetion swithing features" in order to .etter /eet the re6uire/ents of transport
networ9s!
Then" IDT+ found that T-4P#& and 4P#& tended to .e ino/pati.le with eah other! IT5-T
and IDT+ o-.uilt the Foint Cor9ing Tea/ (FCT) to re-e0aluate T-4P#&! -fter the re-
e0aluation" the #a.el ,istri.ution Protool (#,P)" 4ultipoint-to-4ultipoint Pri0ate 'etwor9
&er0ie (4P24P)" and IP forwarding features were onsidered unsuita.le for transport
networ9s and were re/o0ed fro/ T-4P#&! -t the sa/e ti/e" features related to the data
plane" $-4" ontrol plane" protetion swithing" and networ9 /anage/ent were inherited or
opti/i8ed! That is how the urrent 4P#&-TP arhiteture was generated!
,e0eloped and aepted .y IDT+ and IT5-T" 4P#&-TP has .eo/e a standardi8ed
tehnology!
Improvement in .P5S'TP Compared 7ith .P5S
4P#&-TP inherits or opti/i8es features related to the data plane" $-4" ontrol plane"
protetion swithing" and networ9 /anage/ent of 4P#&! +or the ontrol plane and $-4"
path ontrolla.ility is i/pro0ed and /ore $-4 /ethods are a0aila.le so that the two features
.etter /eet the re6uire/ents of transport networ9s!
,ata plane
The data plane of 4P#&-TP inherits the data plane arhiteture (setion layer" tunnel
layer" and PC layer) of 4P#&" ensuring the o/pati.ility .etween 4P#&-TP and
4P#&!
$-4
In 4P#&-TP" the $-4 funtions at the tunnel layer and PC layer are opti/i8ed fro/
the following aspets7 fault /anage/ent" fault diagnosis" and perfor/ane /onitoring!
+or details" see 1!11!1!2 Introdution to 4P#&-TP $-4!
Control plane
4P#&-TP an dyna/ially reate" /odify" release" and /aintain transport paths .ased on
signaling" in addition to allowing stati /aintenane of transport paths!
Protetion swithing
4P#&-TP pro0ides the sa/e operation and /anage/ent /odel for protetion swithing
as 4P#& does!
Copyright Huawei
130
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
'etwor9 /anage/ent
4P#&-TP pro0ides the sa/e networ9 /anage/ent funtions as 4P#& does!
#+##+#+% Introduction to .P5S'TP 3A.
4P#&-TP $-4 is defined .y 4P#&-TP! It is o/pati.le with e;isting 4P#& $-4
standards and fouses on partiularity of transport networ9s!
4P#&-TP $-4 is a0aila.le in two tehnial solutions7 solution .ased on .idiretional
forwarding detetion (=+,) e;tension and solution .ased on IT5-T <!*113!1! This setion
desri.es the solution .ased on IT5-T <!*113!1 e;tension!
IT5-T <!*113!1-o/pliant 4P#&-TP $-4 applies to /ost data o//uniation e6uip/ent
and pa9et swithing e6uip/ent" and therefore an pro0ide end-to-end $-4 for P&'s
onsisting of data o//uniation e6uip/ent and pa9et swithing e6uip/ent!
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of 4P#&-TP $-4 on a P&' onsisting of data o//uniation
e6uip/ent and pa9et swithing e6uip/ent
RNC
RNC
:SN
:<1
:<2
>:,S tunne(
No!e7
No!e7
N51
N52
>:,S-': O.>
D6uip/ent with 4P#&-TP $-4 funtionality an /eet arrier-lass data trans/ission needs!
#+##+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts that you need to .e fa/iliar with .efore you use the
4P#&-TP $-4 feature!
#+##+%+# .P5S'TP 3A. Protocol .odel
In the 4P#&-TP $-4 protool /odel" a networ9 is di0ided into three layers7 setion layer"
tunnel layer" and pseudo wire (PC) layer! Dah layer ahie0es $-4 /anage/ent .y using its
$-4 o/ponents!
Copyright Huawei
131
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+igure 1-** shows the 4P#&-TP protool /odel!
Figure 1.1 4P#&-TP $-4 protool /odel
-E+ -I+
Setio! OA- Setio! OA- Setio! OA- Setio! OA- Setio! OA- Setio! OA-
Tu!!e" OA- Tu!!e" OA- Tu!!e" OA-
+W OA-
+W OA- 1-S,+W2
Ser(ie OA-
Setio!
Tu!!e"
+W
Ser(ie
+a*et Do)ai! +a*et Do)ai! $
+W OA-
Dah layer is desri.ed as follows7
The setion layer ser0es the tunnel layer!
The tunnel layer is a lient of the setion layer and ser0es the PC layer!
The PC layer is a lient of the tunnel layer and ser0es ser0ies!
4P#&-TP pro0ides o/plete tunnel-layer and PC-layer $-4 apa.ilities7
+ault /anage/ent
+ault loating
Perfor/ane /onitoring
#+##+%+% .P5S'TP 3A. PDU -ormats
4P#&-TP $-4 pa9ets inlude 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 pa9ets and 4P#&-TP PC $-4
pa9ets! -n 4P#&-TP PC $-4 pa9et and an 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 pa9et ha0e a si/ilar
for/at e;ept that an 4P#&-TP PC $-4 pa9et has a PC la.el .ut an 4P#&-TP tunnel
$-4 pa9et does not!
.P5S'TP Tunnel 3A. PDU -ormat
4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 P,5s use generi assoiated hannel (<--CHs) when .eing
trans/itted in tunnels! +igure 1-*A shows the for/at of an 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 P,5!
Copyright Huawei
132
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 +or/at of an 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 P,5
1 2 3 B
3 1
5 D 7 8 1 2 3 B 5 D 7 8
2
1 2 3 B 5 D 7 8
3
1 2 3 B 5 D 7 8
B
'unne( ,a$e( 5X: S '',
G., ,a$e( @13A 'C S '',
0001 0000 00000000 Canne( '#pe
>5, Version OpCo!e F(a)s ',V Offset
O.> :D0 pa#(oa! area
5n! ',V
>:,S ,a$e(
G.,
.C&
O.> :D0 &ea!er
O.> :D0 :a#(oa!
-n 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 P,5 inludes an 4P#& la.el" a generi assoiated hannel la.el
(<-#)" an assoiated hannel header (-CH)" and $-4 P,5 payload!
4P#& la.el
-n 4P#& la.el is the first la.el enapsulated into an $-4 P,5! The D%P field an .e
set on an on-de/and .asis so $-4 P,5s an .e forwarded .ased on their priorities! In
#=)#T tests" the TT# field an .e used to trans/it TT# 0alues!
<--CH la.el (<-#)
<-# o/plies with 2+C ((*B" and is used to trans/it assoiated hannel header (-CH)
pa9ets!
-CH
-CH o/plies with 2+C ((*B and is used to trans/it 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 pa9ets!
The hannel type field has a default 0alue of 0;3++- and an .e set on the '4&!
$-4 P,5
$-4 P,5 o/plies with IT5-T <!*113!1! -n $-4 P,5 onsists of a header and a
payload area! The header is shared .y all $-4 P,5s and the payload area is speifi to
eah $-4 P,5!
.P5S'TP P; 3A. PDU -ormat
4P#&-TP PC $-4 P,5s use <--CHs when .eing trans/itted in PCs! +igure 1-A0 shows
the for/at of an 4P#&-TP PC $-4 P,5!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of an 4P#&-TP PC $-4 P,5
1 2 3 B
3 1
5 D 7 8 1 2 3 B 5 D 7 8
2
1 2 3 B 5 D 7 8
3
1 2 3 B 5 D 7 8
B
'unne( ,a$e( 5X: S '',
G., ,a$e( @13A @Optiona(A 'C S '',
0001 0000 00000000 Canne( '#pe
>5, Version OpCo!e F(a)s ',V Offset
O.> :D0 pa#(oa! area
5n! ',V
>:,S ,a$e(
G.,
.C&
:< ,a$e( 5X: S '', :< ,a$e(
O.> :D0 &ea!er
O.> :D0 :a#(oa!
Copyright Huawei
133
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-s shown in +igure 1-A0" an 4P#&-TP PC $-4 pa9et ontains an 4P#& la.el" a PC
la.el" the generi assoiated hannel la.el (<-#)" the assoiated hannel header (-CH)" and
the $-4 P,5!
-n 4P#&-TP PC $-4 pa9et has a PC la.el .ut an 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 pa9et does
not! In addition" a generi assoiated hannel header la.el (<-l) is optional! If PCD3 ser0ies
use ontrol worlds" 4P#&-TP PC $-4 pa9ets do not arry <-#s! If PCD3 ser0ies do not
use ontrol worlds" 4P#&-TP PC $-4 pa9ets arry <-#s! The following only desri.es
the PC la.el! +or details on others" see the orresponding parts desri.ing 4P#&-TP tunnel
$-4 pa9ets!
PC la.el
The PC la.el is the seond layer of la.el enapsulated in an 4P#&-TP PC $-4
pa9et! ,uring an #=)#T test" the TT# field in the PC la.el is used to trans/it the
generation ti/e!
#+##+%+& .P5S'TP 3A. Components
4P#&-TP $-4 o/ponents inlude /aintenane entity (4D)" 4D group (4D<)" 4D< end
point (4DP)" and 4D< inter/ediate point (4IP)!
.:
4Ds represent the entities that re6uire /anage/ent and are the /aintenane points .etween
two 4DPs! -ll 4P#&-TP $-4 operations are perfor/ed .ased 4Ds!
.:G
-n 4D< is the olletion of 4Ds where $-4 operations are perfor/ed!
.:Gs need to meet the
8ollo7in reBuirementsD
A .:G includes di@erent .:s
that satis8y the 8ollo7in
conditionsD
4D<s an .e nested .ut annot o0erlap!

That is" an 4D< an ontain another
entire 4D< .ut annot only ontain
so/e 4Ds in another 4D<!
Chen /ultiple 4D<s are nested" the

4D<s are differentiated .y 4D< le0el!
-n outer 4D< /ust ha0e a larger 4D<

le0el than an inner 4D<!
4Ds in a 4D< e;ist in the sa/e

ad/inistrati0e .oundary!
4Ds in a 4D< ha0e the sa/e 4D< le0el!
4Ds in a 4D< .elong to the sa/e

onnetion!
In 4P#&-TP $-4 pa9ets" 4D<s are identified .y 4D< I,s! 4D< I,s are used to indiate
whether $-4 pa9ets .elong to an 4D<" therefore restriting the $-4 pa9et trans/ission
range and pre0enting an $-4 pa9et stor/!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports the following three 4D< I, for/ats7
IT5 arrier ode (ICC) for/at
The ICC for/at is defined in IT5-T <!*113!1" as shown in +igure 1-A1!
Copyright Huawei
13@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 ICC-.ased 4D< I, for/at
8 7 D 5 B 3 2 1
Reser/e!@01A
>5G 2D For"at@32A
>5G 2D ,en)t@13A
>5G 2D Va(ueM1N 0
>5G 2D Va(ueM2N 0
1
2
3
B
5
>5G 2D Va(ueM12N 0
>5G 2D Va(ueM13N 0
15
1D
0nuse! @Ca((-O5ROesA
19
20
B7
B8
In o/pliane with IT5-T <!*113!1" the 4D< I, for/at ranges fro/ 0 to 2((! Chen
the ICC-.ased 4D< I, for/at is used" the 4D< I, for/at ta9es the 0alue 32!
-n ICC-.ased 4D< I, onsists of two su.fields7 the ICC followed .y a uni6ue 4D<
I, ode (54C)! The ICC onsists of 1 to B left-:ustified haraters! - uni6ue ICC is
assigned to a networ9 operator and /aintained .y the IT5-T Teleo//uniation
&tandardi8ation =ureau (T&=)! The 54C ode i//ediately follows the ICC and shall
onsist of 3 to 12 haraters" with trailing '5##s" o/pleting the 13-harater 4D< I,
0alue! The 54C shall .e a /atter for the organi8ation to whih the ICC has .een
assigned!
Dah 4D< on a arrier networ9 has a uni6ue I,!
IP for/at
The IP for/at is defined .y Huawei and helps to s/oothly upgrade 4P#& $-4 (.ased
on IT5-T O!1311) to 4P#&-TP $-4 (.ased on IT5-T <!*113!1)!
Copyright Huawei
13(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 IP-.ased 4D< I, for/at
Channel
Type
.:G ID
5nidiretio
nal tunnel
&oure 'ode IP -ddress (@ .ytes) L Tunnel I, (@ .ytes)
=idiretion
al tunnel
&/aller 'ode IP -ddress (@ .ytes) L =igger 'ode IP -ddress (@ .ytes) L
Tunnel I, (@ .ytes)
PC &/aller 'ode IP -ddress (@ .ytes) L =igger 'ode IP -ddress (@ .ytes) L
&/aller PC I, (@ .ytes) L =igger PC I, (@ .ytes)
-s shown in Ta.le 1-3B" Node 1) Address is Node 1,! %maller Node 1) Address is the
s/aller 0alue in Node 1) Address of the soure and sin9 nodes! %maller )" 1, is the
s/aller 0alue in )" 1, of the soure and sin9 nodes! Bigger Node 1) Address is the
larger 0alue in Node 1) Address of the soure and sin9 nodes! Bigger )" 1, is the
larger 0alue in )" 1, of the soure and sin9 nodes!
-n IP-.ased 4D< I, onsists of a node I, and a tunnel)PC I," and is generated .y the
syste/ auto/atially!
5ser-defined for/at
- user-defined 4D< I, /ust not ha0e /ore than AB .its!
+le;i.le user-defined 4D< I,s are used for ahie0ing 4P#&-TP $-4 on networ9s that
o/prise $pti% e6uip/ent and third-party e6uip/ent adopting proprietary 4D< I,
for/ats!
.:P
The soure and sin9 nodes in an 4D< are 4DPs" whih are used to initiate and ter/inate
$-4 pa9ets! Dah 4DP has an 4DP I, used to identify the pa9et soure and destination
addresses!
-n 4D< has a pair of 4DPs7 the loal 4DP and the peer 4DP!
-t the tunnel layer" only the ingress and egress nodes an .e used as 4DPs! -t the PC layer"
only ter/inating pro0ider edge (T-PD) nodes that ter/inate PC la.els an funtion as 4DPs!
+igure 1-A2 shows positions of 4DPs and 4IPs in 4D<!
Copyright Huawei
13B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Positions of 4DPs and 4IPs in 4D<
'unne(
'ransit
>5:
>2:
'-:5 '-:5
'unne(
5)ress 2n)ress 5)ress 2n)ress
>S-:<
'-:5 S-:5 '-:5
5)ress 2n)ress
Sin)(e-op :<
.IP
-n 4IP is an inter/ediate node .etween a pair of 4DPs! -n 4IP does not initiate $-4
pa9ets .ut an respond to or forward $-4 pa9ets initiated .y an 4DP! Dah 4IP has an
4IP I,! -n 4IP is generally used for the lin9trae funtion!
-t the tunnel layer" only the transit node an .e used as an 4IP! -t the PC layer" only PC
swithing pro0ider edge (PC &-PD) nodes that i/ple/ent PC la.el swithing in 4&-PC an
funtion as 4IPs! 'o PC &-PD node e;ists in single-hop PC!
=oth 4DPs and 4IPs are 4Ps! In $-4 pa9ets" 4Ps are identified .y 4P I,! In an 4D<"
eah 4P has a uni6ue 4P I,!
Chen the 4D< I, uses an ICC-.ased for/at or a self-defined for/at" the 4P I, uses
two .ytes in the $-4 P,5! =eause the /ost signifiant three .its of the first .yte are
all ?0?s" the 4P I, uses 13 .its and ranges fro/ 1 to *1A1!
Chen the 4D< I, uses the IP-.ased for/at" the 4P I, of eah 4DP)4IP in the 4D<
is auto/atially generated and does not need to .e speified or /odified /anually!
#+##+%+0 .P5S'TP 3A. -unctions
4P#&-TP $-4 pro0ides 0arious fault detetion and loating apa.ilities!
4P#&-TP $-4 supports proati0e $-4 and on-de/and $-4!
Proati0e $-47 $ne 4P#&-TP $-4 is ena.led" $-4 operations do not stop until a
networ9 fault ours!
$n-de/and $-47 -fter 4P#&-TP $-4 is ena.led" $-4 operations do not proeed
until they are ati0ated separately!
Ta.le 1-33 lassifies 4P#&-TP $-4 funtions!
Copyright Huawei
133
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 Classifiation of 4P#&-TP $-4 funtions
3A. Type 3A. -unction
Proati0e $-4 +ault /anage/ent CC
2,I
-I&
C&+
$n-de/and $-4 +ault /anage/ent and
loali8ation
#=
#T
Perfor/ane /onitoring #4
,4
#CG and T&T
Ta.le 1-3* desri.es 4P#&-TP $-4 funtions and their appliation senarios!
Table 1.2 4P#&-TP $-4 funtions and their appliation senarios
.P5S'TP 3A.
-unction
Description Application Scenario
CC - pair of 4DPs periodially
trans/its and reei0es
ontinuity he9 /essage
(CC4) fra/es to he9
ontinuity with eah other!
CC reports alar/s upon
detetion of the following
defet onditions7
#$C17 'o CC4 fra/e is

reei0ed within three and
a half onseuti0e
detetion periods! (The
detetion period an .e
/anually set or
deter/ined in auto-
sensing /ode! In auto-
sensing /ode" the
detetion period is
deter/ined .y the CC4
trans/ission period!)
5'D%P4D<7 - CC4
fra/e with an une;peted
4D< I, is reei0ed!
5'D%PPD27 - CC4
fra/e with a period field
0alue different fro/ the
CC is used to test
unidiretional onneti0ity
of lin9s in real ti/e!
To further loate a faulty lin9

on a networ9" #T needs to
.e used as well!
Copyright Huawei
13*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
.P5S'TP 3A.
-unction
preset detetion period is
reei0ed!
5'D%P4DP7 - CC4
fra/e with an une;peted
4DP I, is reei0ed!
&+7 The pa9et loss ratio

e;eeds the preset signal
fail (&+) threshold!
&,7 The pa9et loss ratio

e;eeds the preset signal
degrade (&,) threshold!
2,I Chen the loal 4DP detets
a fault on the networ9 side"
the loal 4DP notifies the
re/ote 4DP of this fault and
the re/ote 4DP generates an
2,I alar/!
,efet onditions that peer

4DPs ha0e enountered are
reported in real ti/e!
2,I is used only when CC is

ena.led!
Client &ignal +ail (C&+) Chen the loal 4DP detets
a lin9 fault on the aess side"
the loal 4DP notifies the
re/ote 4DP of this fault and
the re/ote 4DP generates a
C&+ alar/!
The loal end needs to notify

the re/ote end of lin9 faults
on the aess side in real
ti/e!
-I& -fter reei0ing -I& pa9ets"
the lient-layer 4DP
generates the -I& alar/!
-fter deteting a fault at the
ser0er layer" the syste/
inserts -I& pa9ets to the
lient-layer to suppress
alar/s fro/ the lient layer!
If an 4P#& port detets a

defet ondition" the transit
node suppresses the #$C1
alar/ generated on the
tunnel!
If a swithing pro0ider edge

(&-PD) detets a defet
ondition" the &-PD
suppresses the #$C1 alar/
generated on the PC!
#= #= is used to 0erify
.idiretional onneti0ity of a
4DP with a 4IP or a peer
4DP!
If a 4DP initiates an #= test
to a 4IP" the ti/e to li0e
(TT#) field 0alue /ust .e
e6ual to the nu/.er of hops
.etween the 4DP and the
4IP! If a 4DP initiates an #=
test to its peer 4DP" the TT#
field 0alue /ust .e e6ual to
or greater than the nu/.er of
hops .etween the two 4DPs!
#= is used to 0erify
.idiretional onneti0ity of
lin9s on an on-de/and
.asis!
Copyright Huawei
13A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
.P5S'TP 3A.
-unction
#T #T is used to 0erify
.idiretional onneti0ity
.etween an 4DP and an 4IP
or .etween a pair of 4DPs"
and loate the fault if any!
#T is used to 0erify
.idiretional onneti0ity of
lin9s and loate faults on an
on-de/and .asis!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent

ahie0es #T .y initiating
#= tests at a 4DP to its
losest node until its target
node!
#4 #4 is used to /easure fra/e
loss .etween a pair of 4DPs
.y ounting trans/itted and
reei0ed data fra/es .etween
the pair of 4DPs!
#4 an /easure near-end
and far-end fra/e loss! +or a
4DP" near-end fra/e loss
refers to fra/e loss
assoiated with ingress data
fra/es while far end fra/e
loss refers to fra/e loss
assoiated with egress data
fra/es!
+ra/e loss on 4P#& tunnels

or PCs an .e /easured on
an on-de/and .asis!
,4 ,4 is used to /easure fra/e
delay and fra/e delay
0ariation .etween a pair of
4DPs .y trans/itting and
reei0ing $-4 fra/es with
,4 infor/ation!
+ra/e delay and fra/e delay

0ariation on 4P#& tunnels
or PCs an .e /easured on
an on-de/and .asis!
#o9 (#CG) and test
(T&T)
The #CG funtion ena.les a
loal ser0ie-layer 4DP to
notify the re/ote lient-layer
4DP when the loal ser0ie-
layer 4DP is lo9ed" to
suppress #$C alar/s at the
lient layer!
The T&T funtion ena.les a
loal 4DP to periodially
send T&T pa9ets to the
re/ote 4DP and alulates
the nu/.er of trans/itted
pa9ets and the nu/.er of
reei0ed T&T pa9ets at the
re/ote end" therefore
alulating the pa9et loss
ratio!
Calulate the pa9et loss

ratio on an 4P#& tunnel or
4P#& PC as re6uired!
The T&T funtion and the

#CG funtion /ust .e used
together!
Copyright Huawei
1*0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+##+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations of 4P#&-TP $-4!
Item Speci6cations
4P#&-TP $-4 layer Tunnel
PC
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of 4P#&-TP $-4
resoures
$pti% $&' (007 B@
$pti% $&' ((07 12*
$pti% $&' (*07 *1A2
NOTE
$pti% $&' (007
4P#& $-4 and 4P#&-TP $-4 share $-4
resoures!
$pti% $&' ((07
4P#& $-4" 4P#&-TP $-4" and DTH $-4
share $-4 resoures!
$pti% $&' (*07
4P#&-TP $-4 and DTH $-4 share $-4
resoures!
Type of $-4 pa9et

CC
2,I
-I&
C&+7
only for PC-arried D-#ine ser0ies
#=
#T
#47
The $pti% $&' (00 and $pti% $&'
((0 only support PC-.ased single-ended
#4!
The $pti% $&' (*0 only supports
tunnel-.ased and PC-.ased single-
ended #4!
,47
supports only two-way ,4!
#CG7
only supports the #CG of .idiretional
tunnels!
T&T7
The $pti% $&' (00 and $pti% $&'
((0 only support diagnosti tests! The
/a;i/u/ nu/.er of T&T pa9ets
trans/itted or reei0ed at a ti/e is @!
The $pti% $&' (*0 supports a
Copyright Huawei
1*1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cations
/a;i/u/ of 1B T&T pa9ets trans/itted
or reei0ed at a ti/e for diagnosti tests
and 1 T&T pa9et trans/itted or
reei0ed at a ti/e for throughput tests!
Priority setting for $-4 pa9ets &upported
Channel type setting for $-4 pa9ets &upported
4D< I, for/at ICC
IP
5ser-defined
CC4 sending period 3!3 /s
10 /s
100 /s
1s (default 0alue)
10s
1 /in
10 /in
CC4 detetion /ode -dapti0e /ode
4anual /ode
#+##+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with 4P#&-TP $-4!
The following standard is assoiated with 4P#&-TP $-47
IT5-T <!*110!1 -rhiteture of 4P#&-TP #ayer 'etwor9 2011!02(Consent)
IT5-T <!*113!1 $perations" -d/inistration and 4aintenane /ehanis/ for 4P#&-TP
networ9s(<!tpoa/) 2011!02(Consent)
#+##+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the 4P#&-TP $-4 feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00)((0 1100200BC00 and later
i4anager 52000 1100200BC02 and later
Copyright Huawei
1*2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
!ard7are Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200BC00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT 1100200BC00 and later $pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+ 1100200BC00 and later $pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200BC00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+##+4 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for 4P#&-TP $-4 at the networ9
design phase" the onfiguration and o//issioning phase" and the /aintenane phase!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
#4 The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
supports only #4 on PCs!
$nly D-#ine ser0ies
support the PC #4 funtion
of 4P#&-TP $-4!
')-
,4 The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
urrently supports only two-
way ,4!
')-
Copyright Huawei
1*3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation Details
Remar,s
#CG The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
supports the #CG funtion
only on .idiretional
tunnels!
')-
T&T The $pti% $&' (00)((0
e6uip/ent supports the T&T
funtion for pa9ets in
whih fields are all 0s
regardless of whether the
pa9ets ha0e yli
redundany odes (C2Cs)!
+or the $pti% $&' (00 and
$pti% $&' ((0" when the
T&T funtion is used" fields
in test pa9ets are all +s and
the pa9et length is in-
onfigura.le!
The $pti% $&' (00 and
$pti% $&' ((0 support a
/a;i/u/ of four T&T
pa9ets trans/itted or
reei0ed at a ti/e for pa9et
loss rate tests!
')-
T&T The $pti% $&' (*0
supports T&T for pa9ets
that do not ha0e yli
redundany odes (C2Cs)!
The $pti% $&' (*0
supports a /a;i/u/ of 1B
T&T pa9ets trans/itted or
reei0ed at a ti/e for
diagnosti tests and 1 T&T
pa9et trans/itted or
reei0ed at at ti/e for
pa9et loss rate tests!
')-
3b=ect Dependency and
5imitation
Remar,s
Dntire feature If PCD3 ser0ies arry
ontrol words" 4P#&-TP
PC $-4 pa9ets do not
need to arry <-#s! If
PCD3 ser0ies do not arry
ontrol words" PC $-4
')-
Copyright Huawei
1*@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation
Remar,s
pa9ets /ust arry <-#s!
CC =oth 4P#& -P& and PC
-P& support switho0ers
triggered .ased on the CC
results of 4P#&-TP $-4!
')-
5imitation Details
Remar,s
5pgrade fro/ 4P#& $-4
to 4P#&-TP $-4
If the nu/.er of the
entrali8ed 4P#& $-4 is
less than or e6ual to the
/a;i/u/ nu/.er of the
4P#&-TP $-4" the $pti%
$&' e6uip/ent supports
s/ooth swithes fro/
entrali8ed 4P#& $-4 to
4P#&-TP $-4!
&upported .y the $pti%
$&' (00 and $pti% $&'
((0!
If 4P#&-TP $-4 replaes
4P#& $-4 that is ena.led
on ser0ies" the '4& /ust
support upgrades fro/
4P#& $-4 to 4P#&-TP
$-4 on assoiated 'Ds!
If an 'D supporting 4P#&
$-4 is upgraded to support
4P#&-TP $-4" all
assoiated 'Ds /ust support
4P#&-TP $-4 in .oth
trans/it and reei0e
diretions!
4P#& $-4 an oe;ist
with 4P#&-TP $-4!
#+##+* Principles
4P#&-TP $-4 ahie0es fault /anage/ent and perfor/ane /onitoring using $-4 fra/es
that are interated .etween /aintenane points!
#+##+*+# CC
CC is used to detet unidiretional onneti0ity .etween any pair of 4DPs in 4D<s!
Copyright Huawei
1*(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
- pair of 4DPs periodially trans/it and reei0e CC4 fra/es to ahie0e CC!
Figure 1.1 CC
>:,S
>5:1 >5:2
CC>
,OCV
-s shown in +igure 1-A3" there are a pair of 4DPs7 4DP1 and 4DP2!
'or/ally" after CC is ati0ated for 4DP1" 4DP1 sends CC4s in its /aintenane
do/ain! 4DP2 reei0es CC4s fro/ 4DP1!
If a fault ours on the lin9 and 4DP2 does not reei0e CC4s within 3!( ti/eout
inter0als" 4DP2 9eeps reporting the #$C1 alar/ until the lin9 reo0ers!
#+##+*+% RDI
- 4DP" upon deteting a defet ondition" notifies its peer 4DP of the defet ondition! 5pon
reei0ing the notifiation" the peer 4DP reports an 2,I alar/!
2,I is a flag in the CC4 fra/e! It is sent to the peer 4DP through the re0erse hannel!
The loal 4DP trans/its 2,I fra/es to the peer 4DP in the following senarios7
The loal 4DP detets $-4 alar/s suh as #$C1" 5'D%P4D<" 5'D%P4DP" or
5'D%PPD2!
The loal 4DP reei0es -I& fra/es!
-s shown in +igure 1-A@" 4DP2 is the loal 4DP" 4DP1 is the peer 4DP! 4DP2 detets an
#$C1 alar/!
Figure 1.1 2,I inserting
>:,S
>5:1 >5:2
CC>
,OCV
RD2
RD2
-fter deteting an #$C1 alar/" 4DP2 trans/its an 2,I pa9et whose flag .it is 1
through the re0erse hannel to notify 4DP1 of a lin9 fault! -fter reei0ing the 2,I
pa9et" 4DP1 reports an 2,I alar/!
-fter the lin9 fault is retified" 4DP2 trans/its an 2,I pa9et whose flag .it is 0 to
notify 4DP1 of lin9 reo0ery!
Copyright Huawei
1*B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The 2,I funtion ta9es effet only after CC is ena.led!
The 2,I funtion is applia.le to only .idiretional onnetions! If the 2,I funtion is re6uired for
a unidiretional tunnel" you need to speify a re0erse tunnel!
+or the proess of how the loal 4DP trans/its an 2,I fra/e to the peer 4DP after reei0ing an -I&
fra/e" see 1!11!3!3 -I&!
#+##+*+& AIS
- ser0er layer 4DP" upon deteting a defet ondition" trans/its -I& fra/es to its lient layer"
so its lient layer 4Ds suppress alar/s following detetion of the defet ondition at the
ser0er layer! 5pon reei0ing an -I& fra/e" a lient layer 4DP reports an -I& alar/!
-I& is lassified into tunnel -I& and PC -I&!
Tunnel AIS
Figure 1.1 Tunnel -I& triggered .y a port failure
>5:1
>:,SJ'0NN
5,JRD2
>2:2
5'&J,OS
>5:B >2:3
'unne( 1
,SR 7 ,SR C ,SR D
'unne( 2
'unne( 3
'unne( B
'unne( 5
'unne( D
'unne( .2S
'unne( RD2
,SR .
'unne( .2S
'unne( RD2 'unne( RD2
>:,SJ'0NN
5,J.2S
-s shown in +igure 1-A(" 4DP1 is reated on la.el swithed router (#&2) -" 4DP@ is reated
on #&2 ," 4IP2 is reated on #&2 =" and 4IP3 is reated on #&2 C!
Port failure7
1! If a port on #&2 - is faulty!
2! #&2 = then detets an DTHH#$& alar/ and trans/its tunnel -I& fra/es in tunnel 3
aording to the preset -I& sending period! The -I& fra/es are ter/inated at #&2 ,!
3! 5pon reei0ing an -I& fra/e" #&2 , ter/inates the -I& fra/e" reports the
4P#&HT5''D#H-I& alar/" and suppresses the 4P#&HT5''D#H#$C1 alar/!
@! #&2 , trans/its CC4 fra/es with the 2,I field .eing 1 in tunnel B" and reports the
4P#&HT5''D#H2,I alar/ to #&2 C and finally to #&2 -!
Port restoration7
1! -fter tunnel 1 restores" the DTHH#$& alar/ at #&2 = lears and #&2 = stops
trans/itting -I& fra/es downstrea/ in tunnel 3!
2! If no -I& fra/e is reei0ed within an inter0al of 3 ti/es the -I& sending period" #&2 ,
stops reporting the 4P#&HT5''D#H-I& alar/!
3! #&2 , stops reporting the 4P#&HT5''D#H#$C1 alar/ and trans/its CC4 fra/es
with the 2,I field .eing 0 in tunnel B upstrea/!
Copyright Huawei
1*3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
@! 5pon reei0ing the CC4 fra/e with the 2,I field .eing 0" #&2 - stops reporting the
4P#&HT5''D#H2,I alar/!
P; AIS
Figure 1.1 PC -I& triggered .y the tunnel failure
-s shown in +igure 1-AB" 4DP1 is reated on la.el swithed router (#&2) -" 4DP3 is reated
on #&2 C" 4IP2 and 4&-PC are reated on #&2 =!
Chen the tunnel failure ours" PC -I& is i/ple/ented as follows7
1! #&2 - sends $-4 detetion pa9ets!
2! The tunnel .etween #&2 - and #&2 = is faulty" tunnel 1 is interrupted!
3! #&2 = detets the 4P#&HT5''D#H#$C1" 4P#&HT5''D#H5'D%P4D<"
4P#&HT5''D#H5'D%P4DP or 4P#&HT5''D#H-I& alar/ and trans/its PC -I&
fra/es within the -I& trans/ission period in PC!
@! 5pon reei0ing the PC -I& fra/es" #&2 C ter/inates the PC -I& fra/e" reports the
4P#&HPCH-I& alar/" and suppresses the 4P#&HPCH#$C1 alar/!
(! #&2 C trans/its CC4 fra/es with the 2,I field .eing 1 in tunnel @" and reports the
4P#&HPCH2,I alar/ to #&2 = and finally to #&2 -!
Chen the tunnel reo0ers" PC -I& is leared as follows7
1! -fter the tunnel .etween #&2 - and #&2 = reo0ers" the 4P#&HT5''D#H#$C1"
4P#&HT5''D#H5'D%P4D<" 4P#&HT5''D#H5'D%P4DP or
4P#&HT5''D#H-I& alar/ at #&2 = is leared and #&2 = stops trans/itting the PC
-I& fra/es in PC!
2! If no PC -I& fra/e is reei0ed within 3 onseuti0e detetion periods" #&2 C lears the
4P#&HPCH-I& alar/!
3! 5pon reei0ing the CC4 fra/e with the 2,I field .eing 0" #&2 - stops reporting the
4P#&HPCH2,I alar/!
#+##+*+0 5)
- loop.a9 (#=) test is used to he9 .idiretional onneti0ity of lin9s .etween a 4DP and a
4IP or .etween a pair of 4DPs!
Copyright Huawei
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-n #= test is initiated at a 4DP and targeted at a 4DP or 4IP!
Figure 1.1 #= test diagra/
>5:1 >2:2 >5:B >2:3
,SR 7 ,SR C ,SR D
,7> @'',C2A
,SR .
,7R
,7> @'',C1A
,7R
-s shown in +igure 1-A3" #&2 - initiates an #= test to inter/ediate node #&2 C! In this
e;a/ple" 4DP1 is the soure 4DP node and 4IP3 is the destination 4IP node!
1! #&2 - trans/its a loop.a9 /essage (#=4)! If the destination node is an 4IP" the TT#
0alue /ust .e speified! If the destination node is an 4DP" the TT# 0alue /ust .e larger
than or e6ual to the nu/.er of hops .etween #&2 - and the destination node! In this
e;a/ple" the destination node is 4IP3" and therefore the TT# 0alue is 2 and 4IP I, is
the 4IP I, of #&2 C!
2! -fter the #=4 reahes #&2 =" #&2 = dere/ents the TT# 0alue in the #=4 .y one and
forwards the #=4 fra/e to #&2 C as a ser0ie fra/e .eause the TT# 0alue after the
dere/ent is not 0!
3! -fter the #=4 reahes #&2 C" #&2 C dere/ents the TT# 0alue in the #=4 .y one and
the TT# 0alue after the dere/ent .eo/es 0! -t this ti/e" #&2 C proesses the #=4
fra/e .y o/paring the 4IP I, in the #=4 fra/e with its loal 4IP I,! If the two 4IP
I,s are the sa/e" #&2 C trans/its an #=2 .a9 to #&2 - through the re0erse hannel!
If the two 4IP I,s are different" #&2 C diretly disards the reei0ed #=4 fra/e! In
this e;a/ple" the destination 4IP I, arried .y the #=4 is the sa/e as the 4IP I, of
4IP3!
@! If #&2 - reei0es the #=2 trans/itted fro/ #&2 C within the speified period of ti/e"
it onsiders that #&2 C is reaha.le and the #= test is suessful!
If .oth the TT# 0alue and 4IP or 4DP I, are orretly set .ut the soure 4DP does not reei0e the
#=2 fra/e within the speified period of ti/e" the lin9 is faulty and you an loate the faulty node with
referene to #T!
#+##+*+2 5T
-n #T test is ahie0ed .y a series of #= tests that are i/ple/ented fro/ near to far! It is used
to o.tain the ad:aeny relationship .etween a 4DP and a 4IP or .etween a pair of 4DPs and
loate the lin9 or de0ie fault .etween the two!
-s shown in +igure 1-A*" #&2 - initiates an #T test to #&2 ,!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 #T test diagra/
>5:1 >2:2
,SR 7
,7> @'',C1A
,SR .
,7R
1
>5:1 >2:2 >5:B >2:3
,SR 7 ,SR C ,SR D
,7> @'',C3A
,SR .
,7> @'',C2A ,7> @'',C1A
,7R ,7R ,7R
3
>5:1 >2:2 >5:B >2:3
,SR 7 ,SR C ,SR D ,SR .
>5:1 >2:2 >2:3
,SR 7 ,SR C
,7> @'',C2A
,SR .
,7> @'',C1A
,7R ,7R
2
1! #&2 - first initiates an #= test to its /ost nearest node #&2 = .y trans/itting an #=4
with TT# 1! If #&2 - reei0es an #=2 fro/ #&2 =" #&2 - onsiders that the lin9
.etween it and #&2 = is nor/al! If #&2 - does not reei0e an #=2 fro/ #&2 =" #&2 -
onsiders that the lin9 .etween it and #&2 = is faulty!
2! #&2 - then initiates an #= test to its seond nearest node #&2 C .y trans/itting an
#=4 with TT# 2! If #&2 - reei0es an #=2 fro/ #&2 C" #&2 - onsiders that the lin9
.etween #&2 = and #&2 C is nor/al! If #&2 - does not reei0e an #=2 fro/ #&2 C"
#&2 - onsiders that the lin9 .etween #&2 = and #&2 C is faulty!
3! #&2 - finally initiates an #= test to #&2 , .y trans/itting an #=4 with TT# 3! If #&2
- reei0es an #=2 fro/ #&2 ," #&2 - onsiders that the lin9 .etween #&2 C and #&2
, is nor/al! If #&2 - does not reei0e an #=2 fro/ #&2 ," #&2 - onsiders that the
lin9 .etween #&2 C and #&2 , is faulty!
@! #&2 - lists the reaha.le nodes fro/ near to far to o.tain the path to #&2 ,!
The preeding CC" 2,I" -I&" #=" and #T topis desri.e 4P#&-TP $-4 fault loating
priniples! The following #4 and ,4 topis desri.e 4P#&-TP $-4 perfor/ane detetion
priniples!
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#+##+*+4 5.
#4 is used to ount lost pa9ets on a trans/ission networ9 within a speified period of ti/e!
#4 an .e perfor/ed in two ways7 dual-ended #4 and single-ended #4! Currently" the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent supports single-ended #4 only! To learn a.out dual-ended #4" see IT5-T <!*113!1
$perations" -d/inistration and 4aintenane /ehanis/ for 4P#&-TP networ9s(<!tpoa/)
2011!02(Consent)!
&ingle-ended #4 is used for on-de/and $-4! That is" a single-ended #4 test is /anually
triggered! In this /ode" a loal 4DP" within a speified period of ti/e" periodially sends
pa9ets with #4 re6uest (#44) infor/ation to its opposite 4DP" and reei0es pa9ets with
#4 reply (#42) infor/ation fro/ its opposite 4DP!
#4 is perfor/ed .etween two 4DPs" /easuring the following7
#oal pa9et loss ratio7 pa9et loss statistis in the reei0e diretion of a loal 4DP
2e/ote pa9et loss ratio7 pa9et loss statistis in the trans/it diretion of a loal 4DP
To alulate pa9et loss ratio in the reei0e and trans/it diretions of a loal 4DP" an 4DP /aintains
the following two loal ounters7
T;+Cl7 ounts pa9ets trans/itted to the opposite 4DP!
2;+Cl7 ounts pa9ets reei0ed fro/ the opposite 4DP!
- /aintenane inter/ediate point (4IP) transparently trans/its pa9ets with #44 and #42
infor/ation" without the need to support #4!
+igure 1-AA shows the single-ended #4 proess! In this e;a/ple" PD1 is the loal 4DP and
PD2 is the peer 4DP!
The following onsiders 4DP (PD1) as an e;a/ple to illustrate the single-ended #4 proess! The sa/e
proess goes to 4DP (PD2)!
Figure 1.1 &ingle-ended #4 proess
C51 C52 :51 :52
'rans"ission
net%or-
1* Sen!in) an ,>> fra"e
2* Sen!in) an ,>R fra"e
6 >5:
'3FCf
'3FCf R3FCf '3FC$
2nfor"ation carrie! in te fra"e6
1! PD1 periodially sends an #44 to PD2! -n #44 ontains the following 0alues7
N T;+Cf7 0alue of loal ounter T;+Cl at the ti/e of #44 fra/e trans/ission
2! Chen reei0ing a 0alid #44" PD2 trans/its an #42! -n #42 ontains the following
0alues7
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N T;+Cf7 0alue of T;+Cf opied fro/ the #44 (T;+Cf of PD1)
N 2;+Cf7 0alue of loal ounter 2;+Cl at the ti/e of #44 reeption
N T;+C.7 0alue of loal ounter T;+Cl at the ti/e of #42 trans/ission
3! 5pon reei0ing an #42" PD1 uses the following 0alues to /a9e near-end and far-end
loss /easure/ents7
N +ra/e lossfar-end (pa9et loss of PD2) K VT;+CfRtS - T;+CfRtpSV - V2;+CfRtS -
2;+CfRtpSV
N +ra/e lossnear-end (pa9et loss of PD1) K VT;+C.RtS - T;+C.RtpSV - V2;+ClRtS -
2;+ClRtpSV
T;+CfRtS" 2;+CfRtS" and T;+C.RtS represent the reei0ed #42Js T;+Cf" 2;+Cf" and T;+C.
respeti0ely! 2;+ClRtS represents the loal ounter 2;+Cl 0alue at the ti/e this #42 was reei0ed"
where t is the reeption ti/e of the urrent #42!
T;+CfRtpS" 2;+CfRtpS" and T;+C.RtpS represent the pre0ious #42Js T;+Cf" 2;+Cf" and T;+C.
respeti0ely! 2;+ClRtpS represents the loal ounter 2;+Cl 0alue at the ti/e the pre0ious #42 was
reei0ed" where tp is the reeption ti/e of the pre0ious #42!
+#2 is a /easure of the pa9et loss ratio .etween two 4DPs that .elong to the sa/e Co&
instane on a point-to-point onnetion! ,uring the #4" a loal 4DP ounts lost pa9ets" and
reords the total nu/.er of trans/itted pa9ets!
+#2 is alulated as follows!
+#2 K +ra/e loss)Total nu/.er of trans/itted pa9ets
#+##+*+* D.
Two-way ,4 is used to /easure fra/e delay and fra/e delay 0ariation of .idiretional data
fra/es on a lin9 within a speified period of ti/e!
,4 an .e perfor/ed in two ways7 two-way ,4 and one-way ,4! Currently" the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent supports two-way ,4 only! To learn a.out one-way ,4" see IT5-T <!*113!1 $perations"
-d/inistration and 4aintenane /ehanis/ for 4P#&-TP networ9s(<!tpoa/) 2011!02(Consent)!
Two-way ,4 is used for on-de/and $-4! That is" a two-way ,4 test is /anually triggered!
In this /ode" a loal 4DP" within a speified period of ti/e" periodially sends pa9ets with
,4 re6uest (,44) infor/ation to its opposite 4DP" and reei0es pa9ets with ,4 reply
(,42) infor/ation fro/ its opposite 4DP!
-n 4IP transparently trans/its pa9ets with ,44 and ,42 infor/ation" without the need to support
,4!
+igure 1-100 shows the two-way ,4 proess! In this e;a/ple" PD1 is the loal 4DP and PD2
is the peer 4DP!
The following onsiders 4DP (PD1) as an e;a/ple to illustrate the two-way ,4 proess! The sa/e
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Two-Cay ,4 proess
C51 C52 :51 :52
'rans"ission
net%or-
1* Sen!in) an D>> fra"e
2* Sen!in) an D>R fra"e
6 >5:
'3'i"eSta"pf
'3'i"eSta"pf R3'i"eSta"pf '3'i"eSta"p$
1! PD1 periodially sends a ,44 to PD2! - ,44 ontains the following 0alues7
N T;Ti/e&ta/pf7 ti/e of ,44 trans/ission
2! Chen reei0ing a 0alid ,44" PD2 trans/its a ,42! -n #42 ontains the following
0alues7
N T;Ti/e&ta/pf7 0alue of T;Ti/e&ta/pf opied fro/ the ,44
N 2;Ti/e&ta/pf7 ti/e of ,44 fra/e reeption
N T;Ti/e&ta/p.7 ti/e of ,42 fra/e trans/ission
3! 5pon reei0ing a ,42" PD1 uses the following 0alues to /a9e fra/e delay
/easure/ents7
N +ra/e delay K 2;Ti/e. - T;Ti/e&ta/pf (2;Ti/e. represents the reeption ti/e of
the ,42!)
This 0alue ontains the ti/e PD2 handles the ,4 pa9et and is /ore aurate!
N +ra/e delay K (2;Ti/e. - T;Ti/e&ta/pf) - (T;Ti/e&ta/p. - 2;Ti/e&ta/pf)
The delay 0alue is used only for pa9et :itter alulation!
+,1 is a /easure of the delay 0ariations of ser0ie pa9ets .etween two 4DPs that .elong to
the sa/e Co& instane on a point-to-point onnetion! ,uring the ,4" a loal 4DP /easures
fra/e delays" and reords the /a;i/u/ fra/e delay and /ini/u/ fra/e delay!
+,1 is alulated as follows!
+,1 K V+ra/e delay/a; - +ra/e delay/inV
#+##+*+1 CS-
Client signal fail (C&+) ena.les a loal 4DP to notify the re/ote 4DP of an attah/ent
iruit (-C) failure so that the re/ote 4DP an generate the C&+ alar/!
-fter the C&+ funtion of the PC $-4 is ena.led at a loal 4DP" the loal 4DP trans/its
C&+ pa9ets to the re/ote 4DP when deteting a loal -C failure! The re/ote 4DP reports
the 4P#&HPCHC&+ alar/ after reei0ing the C&+ pa9ets!
- loal -C failure /ay result in7
DTHH#$&
IDDD *02!3ah diso0ery failure
=,H&T-T5&
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Trans/ission of C&+ pa9ets
>5:1 >5:2
,SR . ,SR 7
>:,S
:< 1
:< CSF
>:,SJ:<
JCSF
No!e7
RNC
-s shown in +igure 1-101" 4DP1 is the loal 4DP and 4DP2 is the re/ote 4DP!
Chen the -C lin9 .etween the 'ode= and 4DP1 is faulty7
1! 4DP1 detets the DTHH#$&" IDDD *02!3ah diso0ery failure" or =,H&T-T5& alar/"
and periodially sends PC C&+ pa9ets to 4DP2!
2! 4DP2 reports the 4P#&HPCHC&+ alar/ after reei0ing the PC C&+ pa9ets!
Chen the -C lin9 .etween the 'ode= and 4DP1 reo0ers7
1! 4DP1 stops trans/itting PC C&+ pa9ets!
2! If 4DP2 does not reei0e any PC C&+ pa9ets in /ore than 3!( periods" 4DP2 lears
the 4P#&HPCHC&+ alar/!
#+##+*+/ TST and 5CF
The test (T&T) is a one-way on-de/and diagnosis /ethod" whih is generally used with the
lo9ed signal funtion (#CG) that suppresses downstrea/ alar/s for deploy/ent tests!
It is reo//ended that the T&T funtion and the #CG funtion .e used together!
T&T is a0aila.le in two /odes7 in-ser0ie and out-of-ser0ie! The in-ser0ie /ode affets .ut
does not interrupt ser0ies" while the out-of-ser0ie /ode interrupts ser0ies!
T&T inludes testing the pa9et loss rate and throughput! The pa9et loss rate an .e tested in
in-ser0ie /ode or out-of-ser0ie /ode" while the throughput an .e tested only in out-of-
ser0ie /ode .eause it onsu/es /any resoures! The pa9et loss rate and throughput
annot .e tested si/ultaneously!
T&T applies to tunnels and PCs (inluding 4&-PCs and non-4&-PCs)!
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TST Used 7ith 5CF on a Tunnel $.S'P;(
Figure 1.1 ,iagra/ of T&T used with #CG on a tunnel (4&-PC)
>5:1
,SR 7 ,SR C
'unne( 2 'unne(
:< ,CP
,SR .
'unne( 1
>5:2 >5:3
>:,SJ:<J
,CP
>:,SJ'0N
N5,J,OCP
:<
:< 2 :< 1
-s shown in +igure 1-102" 4DP1" 4DP2" and 4DP3 are set up on #&2 -" #&2 =" and #&2
C respeti0ely! -n 4&-PC is set up .etween #&2 - and #&2 C! - user /ust perfor/ an #CG
test on tunnel 1 .efore a T&T test!
=efore a T&T test7
1! The user lo9s tunnel 1 on #&2 =!
2! #&2 = reports the 4P#&HT5''D#H#$CG alar/ and sends a PC #CG pa9et to the
lient-layer PC 2!
$nly an 4DP an send an #CG pa9et to the lient layer! Therefore" an #CG pa9et is sent only when
an 4&-PC is used!
3! -fter reei0ing the PC #CG pa9et" #&2 C reports the 4P#&HPCH#CG alar/ and
suppresses the 4P#&HPCH#$C1 alar/!
,uring the T&T test7
Test the pa9et loss rate on the tunnel!
1! #&2 - periodially sends T&T pa9ets to #&2 = on tunnel 1! The nu/.er of trans/itted
pa9ets (T;HT&THC'TH-) inreases!
2! #&2 = reei0es the T&T pa9ets! The nu/.er of reei0ed pa9ets (2;HT&THC'TH=)
inreases!
3! -fter #&2 - stops sending T&T pa9ets to #&2 =" the user 6ueries the 0alues of
T;HT&THC'TH- and 2;HT&THC'TH= and alulates the pa9et loss rate using the
for/ula 3Tx8T%T8CNT8A . 2x8T%T8CNT8B40Tx8T%T8CNT8A!
-fter the T&T test7
1! The user unlo9s tunnel 1 on #&2 =!
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TST Used 7ith 5CF on a Tunnel $SS'P;(
Figure 1.1 ,iagra/ of T&T used with #CG a tunnel (&&-PC)
>5:1
,SR 7 ,SR C
'unne(
,SR .
>2:2 >5:3
>:,SJ'0N
N5,J,OCP
:<
-s shown in +igure 1-103" 4DP1" 4DP2" and 4DP3 are set up on #&2 -" #&2 =" and #&2
C respeti0ely! - user /ust perfor/ an #CG test on the tunnel .efore a T&T test!
=efore a T&T test7
1! The user lo9s the tunnel on #&2 C!
2! #&2 C reports the 4P#&HT5''D#H#$CG alar/ and lo9s the tunnel!
1! #&2 - periodially sends T&T pa9ets to #&2 C on the tunnel! The nu/.er of
trans/itted pa9ets (T;HT&THC'TH-) inreases!
2! #&2 C reei0es the T&T pa9ets! The nu/.er of reei0ed pa9ets (2;HT&THC'THC)
inreases!
3! -fter #&2 - stops sending T&T pa9ets to #&2 C" the user 6ueries the 0alues of
T;HT&THC'TH- and 2;HT&THC'THC and alulates the pa9et loss rate using the
for/ula 3Tx8T%T8CNT8A . 2x8T%T8CNT8C40Tx8T%T8CNT8A!
-fter the T&T test7
1! The user unlo9s the tunnel on #&2 C!
Copyright Huawei
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TST Used 7ith 5CF on a P;
Figure 1.1 ,iagra/ of T&T used with #CG on a PC
>5:1
,SR 7
'unne(
,SR .
>5:2
>:,SJ:<J
,OCP
:<
=efore a T&T test on a PC" it is only neessary to lo9 the PC on the sin9 4DP node regardless of
whether the PC is an &&-PC or 4&-PC! Therefore" the following desription does not differentiate the
&&-PC and 4&-PC senarios!
-s shown in +igure 1-10@" 4DP1 and 4DP2 are set up on #&2 - and #&2 = respeti0ely! -
user /ust perfor/ an #CG test on the PC .efore a T&T test!
=efore a T&T test7
1! The user lo9s the PC on #&2 =!
2! #&2 = reports the 4P#&HPCH#$CG alar/ and lo9s the PC!
1! #&2 - periodially sends T&T pa9ets to #&2 = on the PC! The nu/.er of trans/itted
pa9ets (T;HT&THC'TH-) inreases!
2! #&2 = reei0es the T&T pa9ets! The nu/.er of reei0ed pa9ets (2;HT&THC'TH=)
inreases!
3! -fter #&2 - stops sending T&T pa9ets to #&2 =" the user 6ueries the 0alues of
T;HT&THC'TH- and 2;HT&THC'TH= and alulates the pa9et loss rate using the
for/ula 3Tx8T%T8CNT8A . 2x8T%T8CNT8B40Tx8T%T8CNT8A!
-fter the T&T test7
1! The user unlo9s the PC on #&2 =!
#+##+*+#" Smooth Uprade 8rom .P5S 3A. to .P5S'TP 3A.
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports s/ooth upgrades fro/ 4P#& $-4 (.ased on IT5-T
O!1311) to 4P#&-TP $-4 (.ased on IT5-T <!*113!1)!
#&2 - and #&2 = with a tunnel in .etween" as shown in +igure 1-10(" support 4P#& $-4
(.ased on IT5-T O!1311) and an .e s/oothly upgraded to support 4P#&-TP $-4 (.ased
on IT5-T <!*113!1)!
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 &/ooth upgrade fro/ 4P#& $-4 to 4P#&-TP $-4
N>S
,SR .
'unne(
,SR 7
CC> FFD/CV
FFD/CV CC>
G*8113*1 K*1711
K*1711 G*8113*1
K*1711 K*1711
&
$
'
G*8113*1 G*8113*1
1! 4P#& $-4 (.ased on IT5-T O!1311) is ena.led on .oth #&2 - and #&2 =! 4P#&
$-4 does not pro0ide aurate networ9 fault detetion and loating!
2! If #&2 - is upgraded to support 4P#&-TP $-4 .ut #&2 = is not" #&2 - auto/atially
generates an IP-.ased 4D< I," 4P I," and peer 4P I, .ased on its node I, and tunnel
I," and trans/its a CC4 fra/e to #&2 =!
The CC4 period is e6ual to or appro;i/ately e6ual to the preset fast failure detetion
(++,))onneti0ity 0erifiation (C1) period!
Detection Period Supported by
G+#*##
Detection Period Supported by
G+1##&+#
3!3 /s (++,) 3!33 /s
10 /s (++,) 10 /s
20 /s (++,) 10 /s
(0 /s (++,) 100 /s
100 /s (++,) 100 /s
200 /s (++,) 100 /s
(00 /s (++,) 1000 /s
1000 /s (C1) 1000 /s
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#&2 = an identify the CC4 and he9 whether the o/.ination of the 4D< I, and 4P I, in the
CC4 is onsistent with the e;peted trail ter/ination soure identifier (TT&I)! If they are onsistent"
#&2 = onsiders that a C1)++, pa9et with the e;peted TT&I is reei0ed and does not report an
$-4 alar/!
#&2 - also an identify ++,)C1 pa9ets fro/ #&2 = and he9 whether the TT&I in an ++,)C1
pa9et is onsistent with the e;peted o/.ination of 4D< I, and 4P I,! If they are onsistent"
#&2 - onsiders that a CC4 with the e;peted 4D< I, and 4P I, is reei0ed and does not report
an $-4 alar/!
3! -fter #&2 = is upgraded to support 4P#&-TP $-4" .oth #&2 - and #&2 = perfor/
CC .ased on the 4P#&-TP CC /ehanis/ and ahie0e a s/ooth upgrade fro/ 4P#&
$-4 (.ased on IT5-T O!1311) to 4P#&-TP$-4 (.ased on IT5-T <!*113!1)!
#+##+1 Con6uration Procedure
&et 4D< I,s and 4P I,s .efore using 4P#&-TP $-4 funtions! If ME9 1, T/-e is set to
1) Based on an 'D" the 'D auto/atially generates 4D< I,s and 4P I,s!
+igure 1-10B shows the flowhart for onfiguring 4P#&-TP $-4!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 +lowhart for onfiguring 4P#&-TP $-4
Start
Confi)ure $asic attri$utes for
>:,S-': O.>*
Confi)ure >:,S-
': tunne( O.>*
Confi)ure >:,S-
': :< O.>*
5n!
:erfor" a :<
O.> test*
:erfor" a 'unne(
O.> test*
Table 1.1 Configuring .asi attri.utes for 4P#&-TP $-4
3peration Description
1!11!A Configuring <lo.al $-4 Para/eters 2e6uired! &et para/eters as follows7
&et Carrier 1, aording to the networ9

plan if ICC-.ased 4P#&-TP $-4 is
used! 'Ds on the sa/e arrierJs networ9s
/ust ha0e the sa/e Carrier 1,!
To suppress a tunnel fault alar/ aused .y

a fault at a port" set )ort A1% %tatus to
,isabled!
Chen the lient-side fault is 9nown" set

C%F %tatus to Eabled!
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'Ds on the sa/e arrierJs networ9s /ust

ha0e the sa/e C$ael T/-e! It is
reo//ended that you set this para/eter
to the default 0alue!
Table 1.2 Configuring 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4
1!11!10!1 &withing the Tunnel
$-4 &tandard
2e6uired if tunnel $-4 is entrali8ed 4P#& tunnel
$-4 that o/plies with IT5-T O!1311! 2e6uired
for ingress)egress nodes!
1!11!10!2 Configuring 4DPs of
4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4
2e6uired for ingress)egress nodes! &et para/eters as
follows7
&et OAM %tatus to Eabled!
If all the 'Ds along a tunnel are Huawei

e6uip/ent that supports IP-.ased 4P#&-TP
$-4" it is reo//ended that you set ME9 1,
T/-e to 1) Based" so that you do not need to plan
4D< I,s" 4DP I,s" and 24DP I,s!
If not all the 'Ds along a tunnel are Huawei

$-4 or if there are speial re6uire/ents" it is
reo//ended that you set ME9 1, T/-e to 1CC
Based! In this ase" plan 4D< I,s" 4DP I,s"
and 24DP I,s .ased on the following priniples7
N -ll the 4DPs and 4IPs along the sa/e tunnel
/ust ha0e the sa/e 4D< I,! 4DPs and
4IPs along different tunnels /ust ha0e
different 4D< I,s!
N Dah 4DP I, in an 4D< /ust .e uni6ue!
It is reo//ended that you set this para/eter to

the default 0alue :!

the default 0alue Ada-ti&e!
,etectio Mode an .e set only for ingress
nodes on .idiretional tunnels and egress nodes!
It is reo//ended that you set %, T$res$old3;4

and %F T$res$old3;4 to the default 0alue 6!
To suppress a PC fault alar/ aused .y a tunnel

fault on an 'D on whih an 4&-PC is
onfigured" set A1% %tatus to Eabled!
&et CC )ac*et 1ter&al3ms4 as follows7

N If the CC funtion is used to trigger -P&" it is
reo//ended that you set CC )ac*et
1ter&al3ms4 to (.((!
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N If the pa9et trans/ission delay 0ariation
e;eeds 3!33 /s" it is reo//ended that you
set CC )ac*et 1ter&al3ms4 to a 0alue
greater than the pa9et trans/ission delay
0ariation!
N If the CC funtion is used to he9 the tunnel
onneti0ity" it is reo//ended that you set
CC )ac*et 1ter&al3ms4 to 1666!
CC )ac*et 1ter&al3ms4 an .e set only for
egress nodes on .idiretional tunnels and ingress
nodes!
To initiate T&T at the lient layer" set !oc* %tatus

of the ser0er layer to !oc*!
It is reo//ended that you set CC )ac*et

)riorit/ to the default 0alue :!CC )ac*et
)riorit/ an .e set only for egress nodes on
.idiretional tunnels and ingress nodes!
1!11!10!3 Configuring 4IPs of
4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4
If ME9 1, T/-e is not 1) Based and an #T test
needs to .e perfor/ed" you need to onfigure 4IPs
on transit nodes! &et para/eters as follows7
It is reo//ended that you set ME9 1, T/-e to

1CC Based!
-ll the 4DPs and 4IPs along the sa/e tunnel

/ust ha0e the sa/e 4D< I,! 4DPs and 4IPs
along different tunnels /ust ha0e different 4D<
I,s!
Dah 4P in an 4D< /ust ha0e a uni6ue 4P I,!

Perfor/ing
4P#&-TP
tunnel $-4
tests
1!11!10!@ &tarting
CC of 4P#&-TP
Tunnel $-4
2e6uired when you need to perfor/ a CC test!
1!11!10!B
Perfor/ing #= of
4P#&-TP Tunnel
$-4
2e6uired for egress nodes on .idiretional tunnels or
ingress nodes when you need to perfor/ an #= test!
&et para/eters as follows7
&et TT# as follows7

N If Node T/-e is M1)" set TT! to the nu/.er
of hops .etween the soure 4DP and the
urrent 4IP!
N If Node T/-e is ME)" set TT! to a 0alue that
is greater than or e6ual to the nu/.er of hops
.etween the urrent 4DP and the re/ote
4DP! It is reo//ended that you set this
para/eter to the default 0alue!
&et 2emote ME)0M1) 1, Or 1) Address

aording to the ter/ination node of an #= test!
N If ME9 1, T/-e of the re/ote 4DP)4IP is
1) Based" set this para/eter to the #&2 I, of
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the re/ote 4DP)4IP!
1CC Based" set this para/eter to the 4P I,
of the re/ote 4DP)4IP!
It is reo//ended that you set )ac*et Cout"

)ac*et )riorit/" Trasmit 1ter&al" and )ac*et
!egt$ to their default 0alues!
1!11!10!* Initiating
T&T in 4P#&-TP
Tunnel $-4
2e6uired when you need to learn the tunnel status
infor/ation (pa9et loss ratio" for e;a/ple)!
Table 1.( Configuring 4P#&-TP PC $-4
3peration Remar,s
1!11!11!1 &withing the PC $-4
&tandard
2e6uired if PC $-4 is entrali8ed 4P#& PC
$-4 that o/plies with IT5-T O!1311!
1!11!11!2 Configuring 4DPs of
4P#&-TP PC $-4
2e6uired for a T-PD! &et para/eters as follows7
&et OAM %tatus to Eabled!
If all the 'Ds along a PC are Huawei e6uip/ent

that supports IP-.ased 4P#&-TP $-4" it is
reo//ended that you set ME9 1, T/-e to 1)
Based" so that you do not need to plan 4D< I,s"
4DP I,s" and 24DP I,s!
If not all the 'Ds along a PC are Huawei

$-4 or if there are speial re6uire/ents" it is
reo//ended that you set ME9 1, T/-e to 1CC
Based! In this ase" plan 4D<s and 4Ps .ased
on the following priniples7
N -ll the 4Ps along the sa/e PC /ust .elong
to the sa/e 4D<! 4Ps along different PCs
/ust .elong to different 4D<s!
N Dah 4P in an 4D< /ust ha0e a uni6ue 4P
I,!

the default 0alue :!

the default 0alue Ada-ti&e!
It is reo//ended that you set %, T$res$old3;4

and %F T$res$old3;4 to the default 0alue 6!
If 4P#&-TP PC $-4 is i/ple/ented for PCD3

ser0ies for whih ontrol words are ena.led" set
9A! Eable %tatus to the default 0alue
,isabled! In other ases" set 9A! Eable %tatus
to Eabled!
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3peration Remar,s
+or an 4&-PC" set !%2 1, to be 2ecei&ed and

)" 1, to be 2ecei&ed /anually!
&et CC )ac*et 1ter&al3ms4 as follows7

N If the CC funtion is used to trigger -P&" it is
reo//ended that you set CC )ac*et
1ter&al3ms4 to (.((!
N If the pa9et trans/ission delay 0ariation
e;eeds 3!33 /s" it is reo//ended that you
set CC )ac*et 1ter&al3ms4 to a 0alue
greater than the pa9et trans/ission delay
0ariation!
N If the CC funtion is used to he9 the tunnel
onneti0ity" it is reo//ended that you set
CC )ac*et 1ter&al3ms4 to 1666!
To initiate T&T at the lient layer" set !oc* %tatus

of the ser0er layer to !oc*!
It is reo//ended that you set CC )ac*et

)riorit/ to the default 0alue :!
1!11!11!3 Configuring 4IPs of
4P#&-TP PC $-4
If ME9 1, T/-e is not 1) Based and an #T test
needs to .e perfor/ed" you need to onfigure 4IPs
on &-PDs! &et para/eters as follows7
It is reo//ended that you set ME9 1, T/-e to

1CC Based!
-ll the 4DPs and 4IPs along the sa/e PC /ust

.elong to the sa/e 4D<" that is" they /ust ha0e
the sa/e 4D< I,!
Dah 4P along a PC /ust ha0e a uni6ue 4P I,!

Perfor/ing
4P#&-TP
PC $-4
1!11!11!@ &tarting
CC of 4P#&-TP
PC $-4
2e6uired when you need to perfor/ a CC test!
1!11!11!(
Perfor/ing #= of
4P#&-TP PC
$-4
2e6uired for a T-PD when you need to perfor/ an
#= test! &et para/eters as follows7
&et TT# as follows7

N If Node T/-e is M1)" set TT! to the nu/.er
of hops .etween the soure 4DP and the
urrent 4IP!
N If Node T/-e is ME)" set TT! to a 0alue that
is greater than or e6ual to the nu/.er of hops
.etween the urrent 4DP and the re/ote
4DP! It is reo//ended that you set this
&et 2emote ME)0M1) 1, Or 1) Address

aording to the ter/ination node of an #= test!
1) Based" set this para/eter to the #&2 I, of
the re/ote 4DP)4IP!
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3peration Remar,s
1CC Based" set this para/eter to the 4P I,
of the re/ote 4DP)4IP!
It is reo//ended that you set )ac*et Cout"

)ac*et )riorit/" Trasmit 1ter&al" and )ac*et
!egt$ to their default 0alues!
1!11!11!3
Initiali8ing T&T in
4P#&-TP PC
$-4
2e6uired when you need to learn the PC status
infor/ation (pa9et loss ratio" for e;a/ple)!
#+##+/ Con6urin Global 3A. Parameters
This setion desri.es how to onfigure glo.al $-4 para/eters" inluding the arrier I,"
default glo.al $-4 standard" -I& status (ena.led or disa.led) of ports" and path type!
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e an '4 user with NE admiistrator authority or higher!
'D data has .een uploaded!
Procedure
Step # $n the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the re6uired 'D and hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the
shortut /enu!
Step % In the 'D D;plorer" li9 the re6uired 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
Cofiguratio > M)!% Maagemet > Basic Cofiguratio!
Step & Cli9 the 9lobal OAM )arameters ta. and set glo.al $-4 para/eters!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/! - dialog .o; is displayed" indiating the operation result!
Step 2 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+##+#" Con6urin .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.
This setion desri.es how to onfigure 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4!
#+##+#"+# S7itchin the Tunnel 3A. Standard
This setion desri.es how to s/oothly swith the tunnel $-4 standard fro/ IT5-T O!1311
with whih the entrali8ed 4P#& tunnel $-4 o/plies to IT5-T <!*113!1 with whih
4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 o/plies!
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PrereBuisites
Tunnels ha0e .een reated!
=efore /anaging a tunnel that is reated on a per-'D .asis" you need to searh for the tunnel! +or details
on how to searh for a tunnel" see ?&earhing for 4P#& Tunnels? in the Configuration Guide (Packet
Transport Domain)!
The O!1331 /ode indiates the IT5-T <!*113!1 o/pliant $-4 /ode!
Procedure
&withing the tunnel $-4 standard on a per-'D .asis!
1! $n the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the re6uired 'D and hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the
shortut /enu!
2! In the 'D D;plorer" li9 the 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio >
M)!% Maagemet > #icast Tuel Maagemet!
3! Cli9 the %tatic Tuel ta." and selet one or /ore tunnels!
The $-4 standard an .e swithed only for ingress nodes and egress nodes!
@! 2ight-li9 and hoose %witc$ to <.1:(1 fro/ the shortut /enu! - dialog .o; is
displayed" indiating the operation result!
(! Cli9 Close!
&withing the tunnel $-4 standard in end-to-end /ode!
1! Choose %er&ice > Tuel > Maage Tuel fro/ the /ain /enu!
2! In the dialog .o; that is displayed" set filter onditionsI for e;a/ple" set )rotocol T/-e
to M)!% and set %igalig T/-e to %tatic C2! Then" li9 Filter! Euery all 4P#&
tunnels that /eet the filter onditions!
3! &elet one or /ore tunnels!
@! 2ight-li9 and hoose OAM > %witc$ to <.1:(1! - dialog .o; is displayed" indiating
the operation result!
(! Cli9 Close!
....Ed
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#+##+#"+% Con6urin .:Ps o8 .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.
This setion desri.es how to onfigure 4DPs of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4! 4DPs are end
points of 4D<s! 4DPs an initiate and ter/inate $-4 pa9ets" whih helps to i/ple/ent
fault /anage/ent and perfor/ane /onitoring!
PrereBuisites
<lo.al $-4 para/eters ha0e .een onfigured!
Tunnels ha0e .een reated! The tunnel $-4 standard has .een swithed to IT5-T
<!*113!1 with whih 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 o/plies!
Procedure
shortut /enu!
Step % In the 'D D;plorer" li9 the 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio >
Step & $n the M)!%.T) OAM ta. page" li9 the ME) ta.!
Step 0 &et 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 para/eters for 4DPs! &et OAM %tatus to Eabled!
If you want to perfor/ an #CG test on a tunnel" you need to set !oc* %tatus to !oc*!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+##+#"+& Con6urin .IPs o8 .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.
This setion desri.es how to onfigure 4IPs of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4! 4IPs are
inter/ediate points of 4D<s! 4IPs an forward $-4 pa9ets and respond to so/e $-4
pa9ets" .ut annot initiate $-4 pa9ets! If ME9 1, T/-e is not 1) Based and an #T test
needs to .e perfor/ed" you need to onfigure 4IPs on transit nodes!
PrereBuisites
Tunnels ha0e .een onfigured on transit nodes! The tunnel $-4 standard has .een
swithed to IT5-T <!*113!1 with whih 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 o/plies!
Procedure
shortut /enu!
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Step & $n the M)!%.T) OAM ta. page" li9 the M1) ta.!
Step 0 Cli9 New! In the Create Tuel M1) dialog .o;" set 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 para/eters for
an 4IP!
1! &elet Tuel and li9 ! In the %elect Tuel dialog .o;" selet the
orresponding tunnel and li9 OK!
2! &et ME9 1, T/-e" ME9 1," and M1) 1,!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+##+#"+0 Startin CC o8 .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.
This setion desri.es how to start CC of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4! CC is used to he9 the
onneti0ity .etween two 4DPs in an 4D<!
PrereBuisites
Tunnels ha0e .een reated" and 4P#&-TP $-4 has .een onfigured!
Procedure
shortut /enu!
Step 0 &elet one or /ore tunnels and set OAM %tatus to Eabled!
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Step 2 Choose OAM O-eratio > %tart CC! - dialog .o; is displayed" indiating the operation
result!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+##+#"+2 :nablin AIS o8 .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.
If -I& of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 is ena.led" a fault on a tunnel triggers -I& pa9et
trans/ission at the PC layer and an -I& alar/ is generated!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
shortut /enu!
Step 0 &elet one or /ore tunnels and set A1% %tatus to Eabled!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+##+#"+4 Per8ormin 5) o8 .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.
This setion desri.es how to perfor/ #= of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4! #= is used to he9 the
.idiretional onneti0ity .etween an 4DP and an 4IP or .etween a pair of 4DPs!
PrereBuisites
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Procedure
shortut /enu!
Step 0 &elet a tunnel and set OAM %tatus to Eabled!
-n #= test an .e started only when $-4 is ena.led!
Step 2 Choose OAM O-eratio > %tart !B! The !B Test dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 4 &et #= test para/eters!
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Step * Cli9 %tart Test! 1iew the test result in Test 2esult!
....Ed
#+##+#"+* Con6urin 5CF o8 .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.
=efore initiate T&T of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4" you need to lo9 the target tunnel!
PrereBuisites
4P#& tunnels ha0e .een reated! +or details on how to reate an 4P#& tunnel" see
Configuring an 4P#& Tunnel!
If the 4P#& tunnel is reated on a per-'D .asis" searh for the tunnel .efore tunnel /anage/ent! +or
details on how to searh for 4P#& tunnels" see &earhing for 4P#& Tunnels!
4P#&-TP $-4 has .een onfigured!
Procedure
Step # Choose %er&ice > Tuel > Maage Tuel fro/ the /ain /enu!
Step % In the dialog .o; that is displayed" set filter onditionsI for e;a/ple" set )rotocol T/-e to
M)!% and set %igalig T/-e to %tatic C2! Then" li9 Filter! Euery all 4P#& tunnels that
/eet the filter onditions!
Step & 2ight-li9 the desired tunnel and hoose OAM > Cofigure M)!%.T) OAM fro/ the
shortut /enu! The Cofigure M)!%.T) OAM dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 In the Cofigure M)!%.T) OAM dialog .o;" set Eable !oc* )ac*et %edig to Eabled
for ME) and 2ME)!
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Step 2 Cli9 OK!
This setion desri.es only how to lo9 a tunnel reated in end-to-end /ode! +or details on how to lo9
a tunnel reated on a per-'D .asis" see 1!11!10!2 Configuring 4DPs of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!
....Ed
#+##+#"+1 Initiatin TST in .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.
This setion desri.es how to initiate T&T in 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 to learn the real-ti/e
tunnel status!
PrereBuisites
4P#& tunnels ha0e .een reated! +or details on how to reate 4P#& tunnels" see
=efore /anaging an 4P#& tunnel that is reated on a per-'D .asis" you need to searh for the 4P#&
tunnel! +or details on how to searh for 4P#& tunnels" see &earhing for 4P#& Tunnels!
4P#&-TP $-4 has .een onfigured" with the ser0ie sin9 $-4 protool .eing <.1:(1!
The O!1331 $-4 /ode o/plies with IT5-T <!*113!1!
The target tunnel has .een lo9ed .efore you initiate T&T of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4!
Procedure
Step & 2ight-li9 the desired tunnel and hoose OAM > M)!%.T) OAM Test fro/ the shortut
/enu! The M)!%.T) OAM Test dialog .o; is displayed!
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Step 0 Choose Test fro/ the drop-down list" li9 )arameter" set test para/eters!
Step 2 &elet the desired 'D" and li9 2u!
Step 4 1iew the test result in Test %tatistics!
....Ed
#+##+#"+/ Per8ormin 5.AD. o8 .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.
The #4 and ,4 funtions in 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 allow you to test tunnel perfor/ane
online! The #4 and ,4 funtions do not affet ser0ies!
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PrereBuisites
4P#& tunnels ha0e .een reated! +or details on how to reate 4P#& tunnels" see
=efore /anaging an 4P#& tunnel that is reated on a per-'D .asis" you need to searh for the 4P#&
tunnel! +or details on how to searh for 4P#& tunnels" see &earhing for 4P#& Tunnels!
The target tunnel has .een lo9ed .efore you initiate T&T of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4!
Procedure
Step & 2ight-li9 the desired tunnel and hoose )erformace > Create Moitorig 1stace fro/
the shortut /enu!
Step 0 In the displayed dialog .o;" li9 Next!
In Tem-late ,etails" you an 0iew para/eter settings of the #4),4 funtions pro0ided .y 4P#&-TP
tunnel $-4!
Currently" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent allows the test of tunnel perfor/ane using only the ,4 funtion
in 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4!
4P#&HT5''D#H+,(us)7 Tunnel delay!
4P#&HT5''D#H+,1(us)7 Tunnel delay 0ariation!
Step 2 Cli9 Next! &et %tart ,ate and Ed ,ate for the /onitoring instane!
Step 4 Cli9 Next! Che9 the test result in O-eratio 2esult!
....Ed
#+##+#"+#" <ueryin the Status o8 .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.
This setion desri.es how to 6uery the status of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4!
PrereBuisites
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Procedure
shortut /enu!
Step 0 &elet one or /ore tunnels and hoose OAM O-eratio > +uer/ !%) %tatus! 1iew the
status of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4!
Step 2 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+##+## Con6urin .P5S'TP P; 3A.
This setion desri.es how to onfigure 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
#+##+##+# S7itchin the P; 3A. Standard
This setion desri.es how to s/oothly swith the PC $-4 standard fro/ IT5-T O!1311
with whih the entrali8ed 4P#& PC $-4 o/plies to IT5-T <!*113!1 with whih 4P#&-
TP PC $-4 o/plies!
PrereBuisites
PCs ha0e .een reated!
The O!1331 /ode indiates the IT5-T <!*113!1 o/pliant $-4 /ode!
Procedure
&withing the PC $-4 standard on a per-'D .asis!
1! $n the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the re6uired 'D and hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the
shortut /enu!
2! In the 'D D;plorer" li9 the 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio >
M)!% Maagemet > )" Maagemet!
3! Cli9 the )" Maagemet ta." and selet one or /ore PCs!
@! 2ight-li9 and hoose %witc$ to <.1:(1 fro/ the shortut /enu! - dialog .o; is
displayed" indiating the operation result!
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(! Cli9 Close!
&withing the PC $-4 standard in end-to-end /ode!
1! Choose %er&ice > )"E( %er&ice > Maage )"E( %er&ice fro/ the /ain /enu!
2! In the dialog .o; that is displayed" set filter onditionsI for e;a/ple" set )rotocol T/-e
to )" A)%! Then" li9 Filter! Euery all PCD3 ser0ies that /eet the filter onditions!
3! &elet one or /ore PCD3 ser0ie!
@! 2ight-li9 and hoose )" OAM > %witc$ to <.1:(1! - dialog .o; is displayed"
indiating the operation result!
(! Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+##+##+% Con6urin .:Ps o8 .P5S'TP P; 3A.
This setion desri.es how to onfigure 4DPs of 4P#&-TP PC $-4! 4DPs are end points
of 4D<s! 4DPs an initiate and ter/inate $-4 pa9ets" whih helps to i/ple/ent fault
/anage/ent and perfor/ane /onitoring!
PrereBuisites
PCs ha0e .een reated! The PC $-4 standard has .een swithed to IT5-T <!*113!1
with whih 4P#&-TP PC $-4 o/plies!
Procedure
shortut /enu!
Step 0 &et 4P#&-TP PC $-4 para/eters for 4DPs! &et OAM %tatus to Eabled!
If you want to perfor/ an #CG test on a PC" you need to set !oc* %tatus to !oc*!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
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#+##+##+& Con6urin .IPs o8 .P5S'TP P; 3A.
This setion desri.es how to onfigure 4IPs of 4P#&-TP PC $-4! 4IPs are inter/ediate
points of 4D<s! 4IPs an forward $-4 pa9ets and respond to so/e $-4 pa9ets" .ut
annot initiate $-4 pa9ets!
PrereBuisites
4&-PCs ha0e .een reated! The PC $-4 standard has .een swithed to IT5-T
<!*113!1 with whih 4P#&-TP PC $-4 o/plies!
If ME9 1, T/-e is not 1) Based and an #T test needs to .e perfor/ed" you need to
onfigure 4IPs on &-PDs!
Procedure
shortut /enu!
Step & $n the M)!%.T) OAM ta. page" li9 the M1) ta.!
Step 0 Cli9 New! In the Create M% )" M1) dialog .o;" set 4P#&-TP PC $-4 para/eters for
an 4IP!
1! &elet M% )" and li9 ! In the %elect M% )" dialog .o;" selet the
orresponding 4&-PC and li9 OK!
2! &et ME9 1, T/-e" ME9 1," and M1) 1,!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+##+##+0 Startin CC o8 .P5S'TP P; 3A.
This setion desri.es how to start CC of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
PrereBuisites
PCs ha0e .een reated" and 4P#&-TP $-4 has .een onfigured!
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Procedure
shortut /enu!
Step 0 &elet one or /ore PCs and set OAM %tatus to Eabled!
Step 2 Choose OAM O-eratio > %tart CC! - dialog .o; is displayed" indiating the operation
result!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+##+##+2 Per8ormin 5) o8 .P5S'TP P; 3A.
This setion desri.es how to perfor/ #= of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
shortut /enu!
Step 0 &elet a PC and set OAM %tatus to Eabled!
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Step 2 Choose OAM O-eratio > %tart !B! The !B Test dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 4 &et #= test para/eters!
Step * Cli9 %tart Test! 1iew the test result in Test 2esult!
....Ed
#+##+##+4 Con6urin 5CF o8 .P5S'TP P; 3A.
=efore initiate T&T of 4P#&-TP PC $-4" you need to lo9 the target PC!
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PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # Choose %er&ice > )"E( %er&ice > Maage )"E( %er&ice fro/ the /ain /enu!
Step % In the dialog .o; that is displayed" set filter onditionsI for e;a/ple" set %er&ice Name! Then"
li9 Filter! Euery all 4P#& PCs that /eet the filter onditions!
Step & 2ight-li9 the desired PC and hoose OAM > Cofigure M)!%.T) OAM fro/ the
shortut /enu! The Cofigure M)!%.T) OAM dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 In the Cofigure M)!%.T) OAM dialog .o;" set Eable !oc* )ac*et %edig to Eabled
for ME) and 2ME)!
Step 2 Cli9 OK!
This setion desri.es only how to lo9 a PC reated in end-to-end /ode! +or details on how to lo9 a
PC reated on a per-'D .asis" see 1!11!11!2 Configuring 4DPs of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
....Ed
#+##+##+* InitialiEin TST in .P5S'TP P; 3A.
This setion desri.es how to initiate T&T in 4P#&-TP PC $-4 to learn the real-ti/e PC
status!
PrereBuisites
PCD3 ser0ies ha0e .een reated and deployed! +or details on how to reate PCD3
ser0ies" see Configuring DTH PCD3 &er0ies!
If the 4P#& tunnel is reated on a per-'D .asis" searh for the tunnel .efore perfor/ing other
operations! +or details a.out how to searh for an 4P#& tunnel" see 4anaging PCD3 &er0ies!
The target PC has .een lo9ed .efore you initiate T&T of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
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Procedure
Step % In the dialog .o; that is displayed" set filter onditionsI for e;a/ple" set %er&ice Name! Then"
li9 Filter! Euery all 4P#& PCs that /eet the filter onditions!
Step & 2ight-li9 the desired PC and hoose )" OAM > T) OAM Test fro/ the shortut /enu!
The M)!%.T) OAM Test dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 Choose Test fro/ the drop-down list" li9 )arameter" set test para/eters!
Step 2 &elet the desired 'D" and li9 2u!
Step 4 1iew the test result in Test %tatistics!
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....Ed
#+##+##+1 Per8ormin 5.AD. o8 .P5S'TP P; 3A.
The #4 and ,4 funtions in 4P#&-TP PC $-4 allow you to test pw perfor/ane online!
The #4 and ,4 funtions do not affet ser0ies!
PrereBuisites
PCD3 ser0ies ha0e .een reated and deployed! +or details on how to reate PCD3
ser0ies" see Configuring DTH PCD3 &er0ies!
If the 4P#& tunnel is reated on a per-'D .asis" searh for the tunnel .efore perfor/ing other
operations! +or details a.out how to searh for an 4P#& tunnel" see 4anaging PCD3 &er0ies!
The target PC has .een lo9ed .efore you initiate T&T of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
Procedure
Step % In the dialog .o; that is displayed" set filter onditionsI for e;a/ple" set )rotocol T/-e to )"
A)% )rotectio! Then" li9 Filter! Euery all PCD3 ser0ies that /eet the filter onditions!
Step & Choose the desired PCD3 ser0ie! $n the To-olog/ ta. page" hoose the desired PCD3
ser0ie" right-li9 the displayed PC and hoose 'iew 2eal.Time )erformace!
&elet the desired PCD3 ser0ie! Cli9 the Basic ta. on the )" ta.! $n the )" ta. page" right-li9 the
PCD3 ser0ie and hoose 'iew 2eal.Time )erformace!
Step 0 In the displayed dialog .o;" he9 perfor/ane data of the PCD3 ser0ie!
PCH2C1PGT&(p9t)7 Pa9ets reei0ed on PC!
PCH2C1=OTD&(.yte)7 =ytes reei0ed on PC!
PCH,2$PPGT&(p9t)7 Pa9ets disarded on PC!
4P#&HPCH+#2(U)7 PC re/ote pa9et loss ratio!
4P#&HPCH+#(p9t)s)7 'u/.er of lost PC re/ote pa9ets!
4P#&HPCH+,(us)7 PC delay!
4P#&HPCH+,1(us)7 PC delay 0ariation!
4P#&HPCH+#H'(p9t)s)7 'u/.er of lost PC loal pa9ets!
4P#&HPCH+#2H'(U)7 PC loal pa9et loss ratio!
....Ed
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#+##+##+/ <ueryin the Status o8 .P5S'TP P; 3A.
This setion desri.es how to 6uery the status of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
shortut /enu!
Step 0 &elet one or /ore PCs and hoose OAM O-eratio > +uer/ )" %tatus! 1iew the status
of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
Step 2 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+##+#% Con6uration :9ample 8or .P5S'TP Tunnel
3A.
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4
.ased on networ9 onditions!
#+##+#%+# :9ample Description
This setion desri.es the networ9ing and plan for 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 in this e;a/ple!
$n the P&' shown in +igure 1-103" the onneti0ity of the .idiretional tunnel (I,7 100)
.etween 'D1 and 'D3 needs to .e he9ed!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ for 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4
N51
7i!irectiona( tunne(
N52 N53
Solution
5se the #= funtion of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 to he9 the onneti0ity of the .idiretional
tunnel .etween 'D1 and 'D3!
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5se the T&T funtion of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 to he9 the pa9et loss ratio of the
.idiretional tunnel .etween 'D1 and 'D3!
Service Plan
The ser0ie plan inludes glo.al $-4 para/eters" 4DP infor/ation" 4IP infor/ation" T&T
test infor/ation" and #= test infor/ation re6uired for data onfiguration!
Table 1.1 <lo.al $-4 para/eters
Parameter Value
Carrier I, -11111
Port -I& &tatus ,isa.led
Channel Type 3++-
Table 1.2 4DP infor/ation
Parameter N:# N:&
4D< I, Type ICC =ased ICC =ased
4D< I, 4D<1 4D<1
4D< #e0el 3 3
4DP I, 101 301
24DP I, 301 101
,etetion 4ode ,etetion 4ode ,etetion 4ode
CC Pa9et Priority 3 3
CC Pa9et Inter0al(/s) 1000 1000
#o9 &tatus #o9 5nlo9
-I& &tatus ,isa.led ,isa.led
&, Threshold(U) 0 0
&+ Threshold(U) 0 0
4D< I,s" 4DP I,s" and 24DP I,s need to .e planned .eause ME9 1, T/-e is set to 1CC Based!
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Table 1.( 4IP infor/ation
Parameter N:%
Tunnel 100
4D< I, Type ICC =ased
4D< I, 4D<1
4IP I, 201
Table 1.7 #= test infor/ation
Parameter N:#
'ode Type 4DP
2e/ote 4DP)4IP I, $r IP -ddress 301
Pa9et Count 3
Pa9et Priority 3
TT# 2((
Trans/it Inter0al 100 /s
Pa9et #ength 12*
Table 1.5 T&T test para/eters
Parameter N:#
&oure #&P 100
&in9 #&P 100
#+##+#%+% Con6uration Procedure
This setion desri.es the proedure for onfiguring data!
PrereBuisites
Tunnels ha0e .een reated!
Procedure
Step # 1!11!A Configuring <lo.al $-4 Para/eters!
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Parameter N:# N:% N:&
Carrier I, -11111 -11111 -11111
Port -I& &tatus ,isa.led ,isa.led ,isa.led
Channel Type 3++- 3++- 3++-
Step % 1!11!10!1 &withing the Tunnel $-4 &tandard!
&with the tunnel $-4 standard to IT5-T <!*113!1 for 'D1 and 'D3!
Step & 1!11!10!2 Configuring 4DPs of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!
Parameter N:# N:&
4D< I, Type ICC =ased ICC =ased
4D< I, 4D<1 4D<1
4D< #e0el 3 3
4DP I, 101 301
24DP I, 301 101
,etetion 4ode ,etetion 4ode ,etetion 4ode
#o9 &tatus #o9 5nlo9
-I& &tatus ,isa.led ,isa.led
&, Threshold(U) 0 0
&+ Threshold(U) 0 0
Step 0 1!11!10!3 Configuring 4IPs of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!
Parameter N:%
Tunnel 100
4D< I, Type ICC =ased
4D< I, 4D<1
4IP I, 201
Step 2 1!11!10!@ &tarting CC of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!
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Step 4 1!11!10!B Perfor/ing #= of 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!
Parameter N:#
'ode Type 4DP
Pa9et Count 3
Pa9et Priority 3
TT# 2((
Pa9et #ength 12*
Step * 1!11!10!* Initiating T&T in 4P#&-TP Tunnel $-4!
Parameter N:#
&oure #&P 100
&in9 #&P 100
....Ed
#+##+#& Con6uration :9ample 8or .P5S'TP P; 3A.
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure 4P#&-TP PC $-4
.ased on networ9 onditions!
#+##+#&+# :9ample Description
This setion desri.es the networ9ing and plan for 4P#&-TP PC $-4 in this e;a/ple!
$n the P&' shown in +igure 1-10*" the onneti0ity of the PC (I,7 100) .etween 'D1 and
'D3 needs to .e he9ed!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ for 4P#&-TP PC $-4
:<
N51
7i!irectiona( tunne(
N52 N53
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Solution
5se the #= funtion of 4P#&-TP PC $-4 to he9 the onneti0ity of the PC .etween
'D1 and 'D3!
The T&T funtion of 4P#&-TP PC $-4 an .e used to test the PC pa9et loss ratio
.etween 'D1 and 'D3!
Service Plan
The ser0ie plan inludes glo.al $-4 para/eters" 4DP infor/ation" 4IP infor/ation" T&T
test infor/ation" and #= test infor/ation re6uired for data onfiguration!
Table 1.1 <lo.al $-4 para/eters
Parameter Value
Carrier I, -11111
Port -I& &tatus ,isa.led
Channel Type 3++-
C&+ &tatus Dna.led
Table 1.2 4DP infor/ation
Parameter N:# N:&
4D< I, Type IP =ased IP =ased
4D< #e0el 3 3
,etetion 4ode -dapti0e -dapti0e
#o9 &tatus 5nlo9 #o9
&, Threshold(U) 0 0
&+ Threshold(U) 0 0
<-# Dna.le &tatus ,isa.led ,isa.led
4D< I,s" 4DP I,s" and 24DP I,s do not need to .e planned .eause ME9 1, T/-e is set to 1)
Based!
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Table 1.( #= test infor/ation
Parameter N:#
'ode Type 4DP
Pa9et Count 3
Pa9et Priority 3
TT# 2((
Pa9et #ength 12*
Table 1.7 T&T test para/eters
Parameter N:#
&oure PC 100
&in9 PC 100
#+##+#&+% Con6uration Procedure
PrereBuisites
PCs ha0e .een reated!
Procedure
Step # 1!11!A Configuring <lo.al $-4 Para/eters!
Parameter N:# N:&
Carrier I, -11111 -11111
Port -I& &tatus ,isa.led ,isa.led
Channel Type 3++- 3++-
C&+ &tatus Dna.led Dna.led
Step % 1!11!11!1 &withing the PC $-4 &tandard!
&with the PC $-4 standard to IT5-T <!*113!1 for 'D1 and 'D3!
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Step & 1!11!11!2 Configuring 4DPs of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
Parameter N:# N:&
4D< I, Type IP =ased IP =ased
4D< #e0el 3 3
,etetion 4ode -dapti0e -dapti0e
#o9 &tatus 5nlo9 #o9
&, Threshold(U) 0 0
&+ Threshold(U) 0 0
<-# Dna.le &tatus ,isa.led ,isa.led
Step 0 &tart CC of 4P#&-TP PC $-4 on 'D1!
Step 2 Perfor/ #= of 4P#&-TP PC $-4 on 'D1!
Parameter N:#
'ode Type 4DP
Pa9et Count 3
Pa9et Priority 3
TT# 2((
Pa9et #ength 12*
Step 4 Perfor/ T&T of 4P#&-TP PC $-4 on 'D1!
Parameter N:#
&oure PC 100
&in9 PC 100
....Ed
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#+##+#0 Related Alarms and :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents related to 4P#&-TP $-4!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
4P#&HTunnelH#
$C1
Indiates onneti0ity loss!
4P#&HTunnelH#
$CG
Indiates the tunnel layer is lo9ed!
4P#&HTunnelH5
'D%P4D<
Indiates inorret CC4 pa9ets of tunnel $-4!
4P#&HTunnelH5
'D%PPD2
Indiates that the sin9 4DP of a tunnel reei0es CC4 pa9ets at an
inter0al that is different fro/ the e;peted one!
4P#&HTunnelH5
'D%P4DP
Indiates inorret CC4 pa9ets of tunnel $-4!
4P#&HTunnelH2
,I
Indiates a fault at the re/ote end of a tunnel!
4P#&HTunnelH-I
&
Indiates a tunnel fault!
4P#&HT5''D#H
$-4+-I#
Indiates an $-4 protool negotiation failure!
4P#&HT5''D#H
&,
Indiates that the tunnel signal degrades!
4P#&HT5''D#H
&+
Indiates that the tunnel signal degrades se0erely!
4P#&HPCH#$C
1
Indiates loss of PC onneti0ity!
4P#&HPCH#$C
G
Indiates the PC layer is lo9ed!
4P#&HPCH5'D
%P4D<
Indiates inorret CC4 pa9ets of PC $-4!
4P#&HPCH5'D
%PPD2
Indiates that the sin9 4DP of a PC reei0es CC4 pa9ets at an
inter0al that is different fro/ the e;peted one!
4P#&HPCH5'D
%P4DP
Indiates inorret CC4 pa9ets of PC $-4!
4P#&HPCH2,I Indiates a fault at the re/ote end of a PC!
4P#&HPCH-I& Indiates a PC fault!
4P#&HPCH$-4
+-I#
Indiates an $-4 protool negotiation failure!
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Alarm Name .eanin
4P#&HPCHC&+ Indiates that lient signals fail!
4P#&HPCH#CG Indiates that the PC ser0er layer is lo9ed!
4P#&HPCH&, Indiates that the signal on a PC degrades!
4P#&HPCH&+ Indiates that the signal on a PC degrades se0erely!
Related :vents
Per8ormance :vent Description
4P#&HT5''D#H+, Indiates the delay of pa9ets arried .y a tunnel!
4P#&HT5''D#H+,1 Indiates the delay 0ariation of pa9ets arried .y a tunnel!
4P#&HT5''D#H+#2 Indiates the pa9et loss ratio of a Tunnel!
4P#&HT5''D#H+# Indiates the nu/.er of lost pa9ets in a Tunnel!
4P#&HPCH+, Indiates the delay of pa9ets arried .y a PC!
4P#&HPCH+,1 Indiates the delay 0ariation of pa9ets arried .y a PC!
4P#&HPCH+#2 Indiates the pa9et loss ratio of a PC!
4P#&HPCH+# Indiates the nu/.er of lost pa9ets in a PC!
#+##+#2 Related Parameters
This setion desri.es the para/eters related to 4P#&-TP $-4!
#+##+#2+# .P5S'TP 3A.HGlobal 3A. Parameters
This setion desri.es glo.al $-4 para/eters of 4P#&-TP $-4!
Table 1.1 Para/eters in the window for setting glo.al $-4 para/eters
Paramet
er
Value Description
,efault
$-4
2eo//en
dation
4P#& $-4
(O!1311)"
4P#&-TP
$-4
(O!1331)
,isplays the default $-4 standard!
Carrier I, Case-sensiti0e
alphanu/eri
string
onsisting of
0-B haraters
&ets and displays the I, of a arrier!
&et Carrier 1, aording to the networ9 plan if ICC-.ased
4P#&-TP $-4 is used! 'Ds on the sa/e arrierJs
networ9s /ust ha0e the sa/e Carrier 1,!
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Paramet
er
Value Description
+or e;a/ple"
-1111
Port -I&
&tatus
,isa.led"
Dna.led
,efault 0alue7
,isa.led
&ets and displays the -I& status at a port!
The 0alues are as follows7
,isa.led7 - fault at a port does not trigger -I& pa9et

trans/ission at the tunnel layer!
Dna.led7 - fault at a port triggers -I& pa9et

trans/ission at the tunnel layer" and an -I& alar/ is
generated!
To suppress a tunnel fault alar/ aused .y a fault at a port"
set )ort A1% %tatus to ,isabled!
Channel
Type
0-0;ffff
,efault 0alue7
3++-
&ets and displays the $-4 type ontained in protool
pa9ets!
'Ds on the sa/e arrierJs networ9s /ust ha0e the sa/e
C$ael T/-e! It is reo//ended that you set this
C&+ &tatus ,isa.led"
Dna.led
,efault 0alue7
Dna.led
&ets and displays whether the lient signal fail (C&+)
funtion is ena.led! If the C&+ funtion is ena.led and a
fault ours on the ser0ie side (lient side)" then the loal
end sends a C&+ pa9et" and the re/ote end reports a C&+
alar/ after reei0ing the C&+ pa9et!
2ecommedatios=
It is reo//ended that this para/eter ta9e its default 0alue!
#+##+#2+% Con6urin .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A. Parameters
The interfae for onfiguring the #CG funtion in 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 is at the lower part
of the 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 onfiguration interfae!
Table 1.1 Para/eters on the /ain interfae
Paramet
er Value Description
4D< I,
Type
IP =ased" ICC
=ased"
Custo/er
=ased
,efault 0alue7
IP =ased
,isplays the 4D< I, type!
'alue descri-tio=
1) Based7 4D< I,s are generated auto/atially!
1CC Based7 4D< I,s are o/prised of the arrier I,

and /anually input haraters!
Customer Based7 4D< I,s are usto/i8ed!

4D< 'a/e - &peifies the na/e of an 4D<!
2ecommedatios=
The na/e of an 4D< will .e auto/atially generated

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Paramet
and therefore this para/eter does not need to .e
/anually speified when ME9 1, T/-e is 1) Based!
Chen ME9 1, T/-e is 1CC Based" the arrier I, part

annot .e /odified and the other part of the 4D< I,
an .e any si;-.yte haraters a/ong a to 8 and 0 to A!
Chen ME9 1, T/-e is Customer Based" the 4D<

na/e onsists of AB haraters (indiating @*
he;adei/al nu/.ers) and is AB 8eros! The 4D<
na/e an .e speified to any o/.ination of haraters
a to f and 0 to A!
4DP +or e;a/ple"
'D(A-@001)
,isplays the 4DPs in an 4D<!
24DP +or e;a/ple"
'D(A-@003)
,isplays the re/ote 4DPs in an 4D<!
4D< #e0el 0 to 3
,efault 0alue7
3
&peifies the le0el of an 4D<!
'alue descri-tio=
The 0alue 3 indiates the highest le0el!
'D +or e;a/ple"
'D(A-@001)
,isplays the 'D na/es of the 4DP and 24DP!
#&P +or e;a/ple"
1
&peifies and displays the tunnel where 4P#&-TP tunnel
$-4 is onfigured!
Carrier I, +or e;a/ple"
-11111
,isplays the planned arrier I,!
4DP I, +or e;a/ple"
101
,isplays the I, of the loal 4DP!
24DP I, +or e;a/ple"
301
,isplays the I, of the re/ote 4DP!
$-4
&tatus
,isa.le"
Dna.le
,efault 0alue7
,isa.le
&peifies whether to ena.le $-4!
Dna.le CC
Pa9et
&ending
,isa.le"
Dna.le
,efault 0alue7
Dna.le
&peifies whether CC pa9et trans/ission is ena.led on the
4DP and 24DP!
CC Pa9et
&ending
Inter0al
3!33 /s" 10
/s" 100 /s"
1s" 10s" 1 /"
and 10 /
,efault 0alue7
1s
&peifies the CC pa9et trans/ission inter0al!
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Paramet
CC Pa9et
&ending
Priority
0 to 3
,efault 0alue7
3
&peifies the CC pa9et priority!
'alue descri-tio=
The 0alue 3 is the highest priority!
Dna.le -I& ,isa.le"
Dna.le
,efault 0alue7
,isa.le
&peifies whether to ena.le -I& pa9et trans/ission!
Dna.le
#o9 Pa9et
&ending
,isa.le"
Dna.le
,efault 0alue7
,isa.le
&peifies whether to ena.le the #CG pa9et trans/ission
funtion!
2ecommedatios=
-fter reei0ing #CG pa9ets fro/ the opposite end" the
loal 'D will lo9 the trans/ission line!
&+
Threshold(
U)
0 to 100
,efault 0alue7
0
&peifies the threshold for reporting an &+ alar/!
'alue descri-tio=
-n &+ alar/ is reported when the $-4 pa9et loss ratio of
a lin9 e;eeds the &+ threshold!
&,
Threshold(
U)
0 to 100
,efault 0alue7
0
&peifies the threshold for reporting an &, alar/!
'alue descri-tio=
-n &, alar/ is reported when the $-4 pa9et loss ratio
e;eeds the &, threshold!
,etetion
4ode
-dapti0e"
4anual
,efault 0alue7
-dapti0e
&peifies the 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4 detetion /ode!
2ecommedatios=
Ada-ti&e7 The tunnel onneti0ity is he9ed at the

fre6ueny of reei0ing pa9ets!
Maual7 The tunnel onneti0ity is he9ed at the user-

defined fre6ueny!
#+##+#2+& .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.H.:P
This setion desri.es the 4DP para/eters of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4!
Table 1.1 Para/eters in the 4DP onfiguration window
Paramet
Tunnel I, +or e;a/ple"
3
,isplays the I, of a tunnel!
Tunnel
'a/e
Charater
string
+or e;a/ple"
'DA201-
,isplays the na/e of a tunnel!
Copyright Huawei
23(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
'DA203-wor9
'ode Type Ingress"
Dgress
,isplays the type of a node!
Ingress7 indiates an ingress node!
Dgress7 indiates an egress node!

Tunnel
,iretion
=idiretional"
5nidiretional
,isplays the diretion of a tunnel!
2e0erse
Tunnel
+or e;a/ple"
3 (soure
node7
10!1!1!12I
sin9 node7
10!1!1!1*)
,isplays the re0erse tunnel!
NOTE
The re0erse tunnel I, inludes the #&2 I,s of the soure and sin9
nodes!
$-4
&tatus
,isa.led"
Dna.led
,efault 0alue7
Dna.led
&ets and displays the $-4 status!
Dna.led7 $-4 operations an .e perfor/ed!
,isa.led7 $-4 operations annot .e perfor/ed!

4D< I,
Type
IP =ased" ICC
=ased"
Custo/er
=ased
,efault 0alue7
IP =ased
&ets and displays the type of 4D< I,!
IP =ased7 4D< I,s are generated auto/atially!
ICC =ased7 This 4D< I, type is defined .y IT5-T

<!*113!1!
Custo/er =ased7 This 4D< I, type is used when

4P#&-TP $-4 on the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent is
interonneted with 4P#&-TP $-4 on other
/anufaturersJ e6uip/ent!
&et this para/eter .ased on the following priniples7
If all the 'Ds along a tunnel are Huawei e6uip/ent that

supports IP-.ased 4P#&-TP $-4" it is reo//ended
that you set ME9 1, T/-e to 1) Based" so that you do
not need to plan 4D< I,s" 4DP I,s" and 24DP I,s!
If not all the 'Ds along a tunnel are Huawei e6uip/ent

that supports IP-.ased 4P#&-TP $-4 or if there are
speial re6uire/ents" it is reo//ended that you set
ME9 1, T/-e to 1CC Based! In this ase" plan 4D<
I,s" 4DP I,s" and 24DP I,s .ased on the following
priniples7
N -ll the 4DPs and 4IPs along the sa/e tunnel /ust
ha0e the sa/e 4D< I,! 4DPs and 4IPs along
different tunnels /ust ha0e different 4D< I,s!
N Dah 4DP I, in an 4D< /ust .e uni6ue!
4D< I, The /ethod
for setting
&ets and displays the I, of an 4D<!
Copyright Huawei
23B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
4D< I,s
0aries
aording to
the 0alue of
ME9 1,
T/-e!
If ME9 1,
T/-e is set
to 1)
Based"
ME9 1,"
ME) 1,"
and
2ME) 1,
are
auto/atia
lly
generated
.y the
syste/!
If ME9 1,
T/-e is set
to 1CC
Based"
ME9 1,
/ust .e
set to a
ase-
sensiti0e
alphanu/e
ri string
of 1-13
haraters!
If ME9 1,
T/-e is set
to
Customer
Based"
ME9 1,
/ust .e
set to a
harater
string
onsisting
of @*
he;adei/
al
nu/.ers"
that is" an
4D< I,
onsists of
Copyright Huawei
233
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
AB
haraters
in total!
The
default
4D< I,
onsists of
AB 8eros!
Oou an
set an
4D< I,
at will!
4D< #e0el 0-3
,efault 0alue7
3
&ets and displays the priority of an 4D<!
The 0alue 6 indiates the lowest priority" and the 0alue :
indiates the highest priority!
It is reo//ended that you set this para/eter to the default
0alue :!
4DP I, 1-*1A1 &ets and displays the 4DP I, of the soure node!
The 4DP I, of the soure node /ust .e the sa/e as the
24DP I, of the sin9 node!
24DP I, 1-*1A1 &ets and displays the 24DP I, of the sin9 node!
The 24DP I, of the sin9 node /ust .e the sa/e as the
4DP I, of the soure node!
,etetion
4ode
-dapti0e"
4anual
,efault 0alue7
-dapti0e
&ets and displays the /ode of he9ing the tunnel
onneti0ity!
4anual7 The tunnel onneti0ity is he9ed at the user-

defined fre6ueny!
-dapti0e7 The tunnel onneti0ity is he9ed at the

0alue Ada-ti&e!
NOTE
,etectio Mode an .e set only for ingress nodes on .idiretional
tunnels and egress nodes!
CC &tatus &tart" &top
,efault 0alue7
&tart
,isplays the CC status!
CC Pa9et
Priority
0-3
,efault 0alue7
3
&ets and displays the priority of CC pa9ets!
It is reo//ended that you set CC )ac*et )riorit/ to the
default 0alue :!
Copyright Huawei
23*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
NOTE
CC )ac*et )riorit/ an .e set only for egress nodes on
CC Pa9et
Inter0al(/s)
3!33" 10" 100"
1000" 10000"
B0000"
B00000
,efault 0alue7
1000
&ets and displays the inter0al for sending CC pa9ets!
If the CC funtion is used to trigger -P&" it is

reo//ended that you set CC )ac*et 1ter&al3ms4 to
(.((!
If the pa9et trans/ission delay 0ariation e;eeds 3!33

/s" it is reo//ended that you set CC )ac*et
1ter&al3ms4 to a 0alue greater than the pa9et
trans/ission delay 0ariation!
If the CC funtion is used to he9 the tunnel

onneti0ity" it is reo//ended that you set CC )ac*et
1ter&al3ms4 to 1666!
NOTE
CC )ac*et 1ter&al3ms4 an .e set only for egress nodes on
#o9 &tatus 5nlo9" #o9
,efault 0alue7
5nlo9
&ets and displays whether the #CG funtion is ena.led! The
#CG funtion needs to wor9 with a T&T test that will
interrupt ser0ies! -fter the #CG funtion is ena.led" the
#CG funtion does not interrupt ser0ies and the syste/
sends #CG pa9ets to the downstrea/ 'D! The syste/
notifies users that a T&T test is .eing perfor/ed at the
ser0er layer" .y /eans of alar/ suppression!
-I& &tatus Dna.led"
,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
,isa.led
&ets and displays the -I& status!
-I& alar/s notify o//uniation failures .etween 'Ds!
-I& alar/s are used to suppress lient-layer alar/s aused
.y ser0er-layer faults!
,isa.led7 - fault on a tunnel does not trigger -I& pa9et

trans/ission at the PC layer!
Dna.led7 - fault on a tunnel triggers -I& pa9et

trans/ission at the PC layer" and an -I& alar/ is
generated!
To suppress a PC fault alar/ aused .y a tunnel fault on an
'D on whih an 4&-PC is onfigured" set A1% %tatus to
Eabled!
NOTE
A1% %tatus annot .e set for a unidiretional tunnel!
#oal #&P
&tatus
Initiali8ed"
'ear-Dnd
-0aila.le"
'ear-Dnd
,efet
-0aila.le"
'ear-Dnd
,isplays the tunnel status at the loal end!
Copyright Huawei
23A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
,efet
5na0aila.le"
'ear-Dnd
5na0aila.le
#oal #&P
,efet Type
d&er0er"
dPeer4D"
d#$C1"
dD;ess"
d5nD;pPer"
d5nD;p4eg"
d5nD;p4ep
,isplays the type of a tunnel fault at the loal end!
#oal #&P
,isa.led
,uration(/
s)
0-300000 ,isplays the duration when the tunnel is una0aila.le at the
loal end!
#oal #&P
,efet
#oation
+or e;a/ple"
1A2!1B*!11!1
,isplays the position of a tunnel fault at the loal end!
2e/ote
#&P &tatus
Initiali8ed"
2e/ote
-0aila.le"
2e/ote
,efet
-0aila.le"
2e/ote
,efet
5na0aila.le"
2e/ote
5na0aila.le
,isplays the tunnel status at the re/ote end!
2e/ote
#&P ,efet
Type
d&er0er"
dPeer4D"
d#$C1"
dD;ess"
d5nD;pPer"
d5nD;p4eg"
d5nD;p4ep
,isplays the type of a tunnel fault at the re/ote end!
2e/ote
#&P
,isa.led
,uration(/
s)
0-300000 ,isplays the duration when the tunnel is una0aila.le at the
re/ote end!
2e/ote
#&P ,efet
#oation
+or e;a/ple"
1A2!1B*!11!1
,isplays the position of a tunnel fault at the re/ote end!
&,
Threshold(
0-100 -n &, alar/ is reported when the $-4 pa9et loss ratio
of a lin9 e;eeds the &, threshold and less than or e6ual to
Copyright Huawei
2@0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
U) ,efault 0alue7
0
the &+ threshold!
NOTE
%, T$res$old3;4 annot .e set for ingress nodes on
If %, T$res$old3;4 is set to 6" the syste/ does not he9
whether the $-4 pa9et loss ratio e;eeds the &, threshold!
&+
Threshold(
U)
0-100
,efault 0alue7
0
The &, threshold /ust .e less than or e6ual to the &+
threshold!
NOTE
%F T$res$old3;4 annot .e set for ingress nodes on
If %F T$res$old3;4 is set to 6" the syste/ does not he9
whether the $-4 pa9et loss ratio e;eeds the &+ threshold!
&oure
'ode
+or e;a/ple"
1A2!1B*!11!2
,isplays the #&2 I, of the soure node of a tunnel!
&in9 'ode +or e;a/ple"
1A2!1B*!11!3
,isplays the #&2 I, of the sin9 node of a tunnel!
#4 Pa9et
4ode
&tandard
4ode"
Huawei 4ode
,efault 0alue7
&tandard
4ode
&ets and displays the #4 pa9et /ode!
&tandard 4ode7 #4 pa9ets o/ply with standard

protool!
Huawei 4ode7 #4 pa9ets o/ply with Huawei

proprietary protool! It an .e used to interonnet with
'<-&,H e6uip/ent!
Dnsure that .oth ends of a lin9 use the sa/e #4 pa9et
/ode! It is reo//ended that you set this para/eter to
%tadard Mode!
Table 1.2 4enu ite/s on the shortut /enu
.enu Item Description
-lar/
&uppression
&uppresses alar/s! If alar/ suppression is onfigured for a tunnel" 'Ds
along the tunnel and the '4& do not report alar/s!
&tart CC &tarts CC!
&top CC &tops CC!
&tart #= &tarts #=! #= is used to he9 the tunnel onneti0ity" whih helps to
diagnose and retify faults!
Euery #&P
&tatus
Eueries the status of a tunnel!
Ping Test Perfor/s a ping test for a tunnel!
Copyright Huawei
2@1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Traeroute Test Perfor/s a Traeroute test for a tunnel!
#+##+#2+0 .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.H.IP
This setion desri.es the 4IP para/eters of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4!
Table 1.1 Para/eters in the 4IP onfiguration window
Paramet
Tunnel I, +or e;a/ple"
3
,isplays the I, of a tunnel!
Tunnel
'a/e
Charater
string
+or e;a/ple"
'DA201-
'DA203-wor9
,isplays the na/e of a tunnel!
'ode Type Transit ,isplays the type of a node!
The 0alue is as follows7
Transit7 indiates a transit node!
Tunnel
,iretion
=idiretional"
5nidiretional
,isplays the diretion of a tunnel!
4D< I,
Type
ICC =ased"
Custo/er
=ased
,efault 0alue7
ICC =ased

<!*113!1!

It is reo//ended that you set ME9 1, T/-e to 1CC
Based!
4D< I, The /ethod
for setting
4D< I,s
0aries
aording to
the 0alue of
ME9 1,
T/-e!
If ME9 1,
T/-e is set
-ll the 4DPs and 4IPs along the sa/e tunnel /ust ha0e
the sa/e 4D< I,! 4DPs and 4IPs along different
tunnels /ust ha0e different 4D< I,s!
Dah 4P in an 4D< /ust ha0e a uni6ue 4P I,!

Copyright Huawei
2@2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
to 1)
Based"
ME9 1,"
ME) 1,"
and
2ME) 1,
are
auto/atia
lly
generated
.y the
syste/!
If ME9 1,
T/-e is set
to 1CC
Based"
ME9 1,
/ust .e
set to a
ase-
sensiti0e
alphanu/e
ri string
of 1-13
haraters!
If ME9 1,
T/-e is set
to
Customer
Based"
ME9 1,
/ust .e
set to a
harater
string
onsisting
of @*
he;adei/
al
nu/.ers"
that is" an
4D< I,
onsists of
AB
haraters
in total!
The
default
4D< I,
onsists of
AB 8eros!
Copyright Huawei
2@3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
Oou an
set an
4D< I,
at will!
4IP I, 1-*1A1 &ets and displays the I, of an 4IP!
#+##+#2+2 .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.H5)
This setion desri.es the #= para/eters of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4!
Table 1.1 Para/eters in the #= test window
Paramet
4D< I, +or e;a/ple"
3
,isplays the I, of an 4D<!
#oal 4DP
I,
+or e;a/ple"
B
'ode Type 4DP" 4IP &ets and displays the type of the node on whih an #= test
will .e perfor/ed!
2e/ote
4DP)4IP
I, $r IP
-ddress
+or e;a/ple"
1A2!1B*!2!1*
&ets and displays the I, or #&2 I, of the re/ote
4DP)4IP for an #= test!
If ME9 1, T/-e of the re/ote 4DP)4IP is 1) Based"

set this para/eter to the #&2 I, of the re/ote
4DP)4IP!
If ME9 1, T/-e of the re/ote 4DP)4IP is 1CC Based"

set this para/eter to the 4P I, of the re/ote 4DP)4IP!
Pa9et
Count
1-B((3(
,efault 0alue7
3
&ets and displays the nu/.er of pa9ets that an .e
trans/itted eah ti/e!
0alue!
Pa9et
Priority
0-3
,efault 0alue7
3
&ets and displays the priority of pa9ets to .e trans/itted!
0alue!
TT# 1-2((
,efault 0alue7
2((
&ets and displays the /a;i/u/ nu/.er of de0ies that
pa9ets an tra0erse! The TT! field is ontained in pa9et
headers!
If Node T/-e is M1)" set TT! to the nu/.er of hops

.etween the soure 4DP and the urrent 4IP!
Copyright Huawei
2@@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
If Node T/-e is ME)" set TT! to a 0alue that is greater

than or e6ual to the nu/.er of hops .etween the urrent
4DP and the re/ote 4DP! It is reo//ended that you
set this para/eter to the default 0alue!
Trans/it
Inter0al
100 /s" 1s"
10s
,efault 0alue7
100 /s
&ets and displays the inter0al for trans/itting pa9ets!
0alue!
Pa9et
#ength
12*-1@(0
,efault 0alue7
12*
&ets and displays the length of eah pa9et!
0alue!
Test 2esult &tring ,isplays the result of an #= test!
#+##+#2+4 .P5S'TP Tunnel 3A.HTST
This setion desri.es the T&T para/eters of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4!
Paramet
&oure 'D +or e;a/ple"
'D(A-@001)
,isplays the soure 'D na/e!
&oure #&P +or e;a/ple"
1
,isplays the soure #&P na/e!
&in9 'D +or e;a/ple"
'D(A-@003)
,isplays the destination 'D na/e!
&in9 #&P +or e;a/ple"
1
,isplays the destination #&P na/e!
Progress +or e;a/ple"
100U
,isplays the T&T progress of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4!
2esult Charater
string
,isplays the T&T result of 4P#&-TP tunnel $-4!
4D< I,
Type
IP =ased" ICC
=ased"
Custo/
,efault 0alue7
IP =ased
'alue descri-tio=

Custom7 4D< I,s are usto/i8ed!

4D< 'a/e +or e;a/ple" ,isplays the 4D< na/e!
Copyright Huawei
2@(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
4D<1 'alue descri-tio=
Chen ME9 1, T/-e is 1) Based" the na/e of an 4D<

will .e auto/atially generated and therefore this
para/eter does not need to .e /anually speified!

Chen ME9 1, T/-e is Custom" the 4D< na/e

onsists of AB haraters (indiating @* he;adei/al
nu/.ers) and is AB 8eros! The 4D< na/e an .e
speified to any o/.ination of haraters a to f and 0
to A!
4DP I, +or e;a/ple"
100
The para/eter 0alue an .e auto/atially assigned or
/anually speified!
The 4DP I, identifies an 4DP! -ll nodes in the sa/e 4D
/ust ha0e the sa/e 4DP I,!
2ecommedatios=
The 2ME) 1, of the sin9 node /ust .e the sa/e as the
ME) 1, of the soure node!
24DP I, +or e;a/ple"
100
,isplays the I, of the re/ote 4DP!
/anually speified!
The 24DP I, identifies an 24DP! -ll nodes in the sa/e
4D /ust ha0e the sa/e 24DP I,!
2ecommedatios=
'u/.er of
&ent
Pa9ets
- ,isplays the nu/.er of pa9ets that are sent .y the soure
'D!
'u/.er of
2eei0ed
Pa9ets
- ,isplays the nu/.er of pa9ets that are reei0ed .y the
soure 'D!
#+##+#2+* Con6urin .P5S'TP P; 3A. Parameters
The interfae for onfiguring the #CG funtion in 4P#&-TP PC $-4 is at the lower part of
the 4P#&-TP PC $-4 onfiguration interfae!
Copyright Huawei
2@B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
4D< I,
Type
IP =ased" ICC
=ased"
Custo/er
=ased
,efault 0alue7
IP =ased
'alue descri-tio=

Customer Based7 4D< I,s are usto/i8ed!

4D< 'a/e - &peifies the na/e of an 4D<!
2ecommedatios=
The na/e of an 4D< will .e auto/atially generated

and therefore this para/eter does not need to .e
/anually speified when ME9 1, T/-e is 1) Based!

Chen ME9 1, T/-e is Customer Based" the 4D<

na/e onsists of AB haraters (indiating @*
he;adei/al nu/.ers) and is AB 8eros! The 4D<
na/e an .e speified to any o/.ination of haraters
a to f and 0 to A!
4DP +or e;a/ple"
'D(A-@001)
,isplays the 4DPs in an 4D<!
24DP +or e;a/ple"
'D(A-@003)
,isplays the re/ote 4DPs in an 4D<!
4D< #e0el 0 to 3
,efault 0alue7
3
&peifies the le0el of an 4D<!
'alue descri-tio=
The 0alue 3 indiates the highest le0el!
, +or e;a/ple"
'D(A-@001)
,isplays the 'D na/es of the 4DP and 24DP!
PC I, +or e;a/ple"
11
&peifies and displays the PC where 4P#&-TP PC $-4
is onfigured!
Carrier I, - ,isplays the planned arrier I,!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent does not support this
para/eter!
4DP I, - ,isplays the I, of the loal 4DP!
para/eter!
24DP I, - ,isplays the I, of the re/ote 4DP!
para/eter!
Copyright Huawei
2@3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
$-4
&tatus
,isa.le"
Dna.le
,efault 0alue7
,isa.le
&peifies whether to ena.le $-4!
Dna.le CC
Pa9et
&ending
,isa.le"
Dna.le
,efault 0alue7
Dna.le
&peifies whether CC pa9et trans/ission is ena.led on the
4DP and 24DP!
CC Pa9et
&ending
Inter0al
3!33 /s" 10
/s" 100 /s"
1s" 10s" 1 /"
and 10 /
,efault 0alue7
1s
&peifies the CC pa9et trans/ission inter0al!
CC Pa9et
&ending
Priority
0 to 3
,efault 0alue7
3
&peifies the CC pa9et priority!
'alue descri-tio=
The 0alue 3 is the highest priority!
Dna.le
#o9 Pa9et
&ending
,isa.le"
Dna.le
,efault 0alue7
,isa.le
&peifies whether to ena.le the #CG pa9et trans/ission
funtion!
2ecommedatios=
-fter reei0ing #CG pa9ets fro/ the opposite end" the
loal 'D will lo9 the trans/ission line!
&+
Threshold(
U)
0 to 100
,efault 0alue7
0
&peifies the threshold for reporting an &+ alar/!
'alue descri-tio=
&,
Threshold(
U)
0 to 100
,efault 0alue7
0
&peifies the threshold for reporting an &, alar/!
'alue descri-tio=
e;eeds the &, threshold!
,etetion
4ode
-dapti0e"
4anual
,efault 0alue7
-dapti0e
&peifies the 4P#&-TP PC $-4 detetion /ode!
2ecommedatios=
Ada-ti&e7 The PC onneti0ity is he9ed at the

Maual7 The PC onneti0ity is he9ed at the user-

defined fre6ueny!
<-#
Dna.le
&tatus
,isa.le"
Dna.le
,efault 0alue7
,isa.le
&peifies whether to ena.le the PC <-#!
Copyright Huawei
2@*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+##+#2+1 .P5S'TP P; 3A.H.:P
This setion desri.es the 4DP para/eters of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
Table 1.1 Para/eters in the 4DP onfiguration window
Paramet
PC I, +or e;a/ple"
3
,isplays the I, of a PC!
PC Type The 0alue is
related to
ser0ie types!
Dthernet
&er0ie7
Dthernet"
Dthernet
Tagged
4ode
-T4
ser0ie
whose
ATM
Coectio
T/-e is
)')7
-T4 n to
one 1PC
ell
transport"
-T4 one
to one
1PC ell
4ode
-T4
ser0ie
whose
ATM
Coectio
T/-e is
)'C7
-T4 n to
one 1CC
ell
transport"
-T4 one
to one
1CC ell
4ode
-T4
&ets and displays the /ode of enapsulating a type of
ser0ie pa9et into PCs!
Copyright Huawei
2@A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
ser0ie
whose
ATM
Coectio
T/-e is
)ort
Tras-are
t7 -T4
transparen
t ell
transport
CD&
&er0ie7
CD&oP&'"
&-ToP
$-4
&tatus
Dna.led"
,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
Dna.led
&ets and displays the $-4 status!
Dna.led7 $-4 operations an .e perfor/ed!
,isa.led7 $-4 operations annot .e perfor/ed!

4D< I,
Type
IP =ased" ICC
=ased"
Custo/er
=ased
,efault 0alue7
IP =ased
IP =ased7 4D< I,s are generated auto/atially!

<!*113!1!

&et this para/eter .ased on the following priniples7
If all the 'Ds along a PC are Huawei e6uip/ent that

supports IP-.ased 4P#&-TP $-4" it is reo//ended
that you set ME9 1, T/-e to 1) Based" so that you do
not need to plan 4D< I,s" 4DP I,s" and 24DP I,s!
If not all the 'Ds along a PC are Huawei e6uip/ent that

supports IP-.ased 4P#&-TP $-4 or if there are
speial re6uire/ents" it is reo//ended that you set
ME9 1, T/-e to 1CC Based! In this ase" plan 4D<s
and 4Ps .ased on the following priniples7
N -ll the 4Ps along the sa/e PC /ust .elong to the
sa/e 4D<! 4Ps along different PCs /ust .elong
to different 4D<s!
N Dah 4P in an 4D< /ust ha0e a uni6ue 4P I,!
4D< I, The /ethod
for setting
4D< I,s
Copyright Huawei
2(0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
0aries
aording to
the 0alue of
ME9 1,
T/-e!
If ME9 1,
T/-e is set
to 1)
Based"
ME9 1,"
ME) 1,"
and
2ME) 1,
are
auto/atia
lly
generated
.y the
syste/!
If ME9 1,
T/-e is set
to 1CC
Based"
ME9 1,
/ust .e
set to a
ase-
sensiti0e
alphanu/e
ri string
of 1-13
haraters!
If ME9 1,
T/-e is set
to
Customer
Based"
ME9 1,
/ust .e
set to a
harater
string
onsisting
of @*
he;adei/
al
nu/.ers"
that is" an
4D< I,
onsists of
AB
Copyright Huawei
2(1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
haraters
in total!
The
default
4D< I,
onsists of
AB 8eros!
Oou an
set an
4D< I,
at will!
4D< #e0el 0-3
,efault 0alue7
3
&ets and displays the priority of an 4D<!
0alue :!
4DP I, 1-*1A1 &ets and displays the 4DP I, of the soure node!
The 4DP I, of the soure node /ust .e the sa/e as the
24DP I, of the sin9 node!
24DP I, 1-*1A1 &ets and displays the 24DP I, of the sin9 node!
The 24DP I, of the sin9 node /ust .e the sa/e as the
4DP I, of the soure node!
,etetion
4ode
-dapti0e"
4anual
,efault 0alue7
-dapti0e
&ets and displays the /ode of he9ing the PC
onneti0ity!
4anual7 The PC onneti0ity is he9ed at the user-

defined fre6ueny!
-dapti0e7 The PC onneti0ity is he9ed at the

0alue Ada-ti&e!
CC &tatus &top" &tart
,efault 0alue7
&tart
,isplays the CC status!
CC Pa9et
Priority
0-3
,efault 0alue7
3
&ets and displays the priority of CC pa9ets!
It is reo//ended that you set CC )ac*et )riorit/ to the
default 0alue :!
CC Pa9et
Inter0al(/s)
3!33" 10" 100"
1000" 10000"
B0000"
B00000
&ets and displays the inter0al for sending CC pa9ets!
If the CC funtion is used to trigger -P&" it is

reo//ended that you set CC )ac*et 1ter&al3ms4 to
Copyright Huawei
2(2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
,efault 0alue7
1000
(.((!
If the pa9et trans/ission delay 0ariation e;eeds 3!33

/s" it is reo//ended that you set CC )ac*et
1ter&al3ms4 to a 0alue greater than the pa9et
trans/ission delay 0ariation!
If the CC funtion is used to he9 the tunnel

onneti0ity" it is reo//ended that you set CC )ac*et
1ter&al3ms4 to 1666!
#o9 &tatus 5nlo9" #o9
,efault 0alue7
5nlo9
&ets and displays whether the #CG funtion is ena.led! The
#CG funtion needs to wor9 with a T&T test that will
interrupt ser0ies! -fter the #CG funtion is ena.led" the
#CG funtion does not interrupt ser0ies and the syste/
sends #CG pa9ets to the downstrea/ 'D! The syste/
notifies users that a T&T test is .eing perfor/ed at the
ser0er layer" .y /eans of alar/ suppression!
#oal &tatus Initiali8ed"
'ear-Dnd
-0aila.le"
'ear-Dnd
,efet
-0aila.le"
'ear-Dnd
,efet
5na0aila.le"
'ear-Dnd
5na0aila.le
,isplays the PC status at the loal end!
#oal
,efet Type
d&er0er"
dPeer4D"
d#$C1"
dD;ess"
d5nD;pPer"
d5nD;p4eg"
d5nD;p4ep
,isplays the type of a PC fault at the loal end!
#oal
,isa.le
,uration(/
s)
0-300000 ,isplays the duration when the PC is una0aila.le at the
loal end!
#oal
,efet
#oation
+or e;a/ple"
1A2!1B*!11!1
,isplays the position of a PC fault at the loal end!
2e/ote
&tatus
2e/ote
-0aila.le"
2e/ote
,efet
-0aila.le"
2e/ote
,efet
,isplays the PC status at the re/ote end!
Copyright Huawei
2(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
5na0aila.le"
2e/ote
5na0aila.le"
Initiali8ed
2e/ote
,efet Type
d&er0er"
dPeer4D"
d#$C1"
dD;ess"
d5nD;pPer"
d5nD;p4eg"
d5nD;p4ep
,isplays the type of a PC fault at the re/ote end!
2e/ote
,isa.le
,uration(/
s)
0-300000 ,isplays the duration when the PC is una0aila.le at the
re/ote end!
2e/ote
,efet
#oation
+or e;a/ple"
1A2!1B*!11!1
,isplays the position of a PC fault at the re/ote end!
&,
Threshold(
U)
0-100
,efault 0alue7
0
of a lin9 e;eeds the &, threshold and less than or e6ual to
the &+ threshold!
NOTE
If %, T$res$old3;4 is set to 6" the syste/ does not he9 whether
the $-4 pa9et loss ratio e;eeds the &, threshold!
&+
Threshold(
U)
0-100
,efault 0alue7
0
The &, threshold /ust .e less than or e6ual to the &+
threshold!
NOTE
If %F T$res$old3;4 is set to 6" the syste/ does not he9 whether
the $-4 pa9et loss ratio e;eeds the &+ threshold!
#&2 I, to
.e 2eei0ed
+or e;a/ple"
(*!3*!*3!**
&ets and displays the #&2 I, at the re/ote end!
NOTE
+or an 4&-PC" you need to /anually speify the #&2 I, for the
sin9 node of the 4&-PC!
If PC $-4 is ena.led" !%2 1, to be 2ecei&ed /ust not .e
/odified!
PC I, to .e
2eei0ed
+or e;a/ple"
1(0
&ets and displays the PC I, at the re/ote end!
NOTE
+or an 4&-PC" you need to /anually speify the PC I, for the
sin9 node of the 4&-PC!
If PC $-4 is ena.led" )" 1, to be 2ecei&ed /ust not .e
/odified!
<-#
Dna.le
Dna.led" &ets and displays whether the generi assoiated hannel
la.el (<-#) is ena.led! The <-# is used to identify $-4
Copyright Huawei
2(@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
&tatus ,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
,isa.led
pa9ets!
If 4P#&-TP PC $-4 is i/ple/ented for PCD3 ser0ies
for whih ontrol words are ena.led" set 9A! Eable
%tatus to the default 0alue ,isabled! In other ases" set
9A! Eable %tatus to Eabled!
#4 Pa9et
4ode
&tandard
4ode"
Huawei 4ode
,efault 0alue7
&tandard
4ode
&ets and displays the #4 pa9et /ode!
&tandard 4ode7 #4 pa9ets o/ply with standard

protool!
Huawei 4ode7 #4 pa9ets o/ply with Huawei

proprietary protool! It an .e used to interonnet with
'<-&,H e6uip/ent!
Dnsure that .oth ends of a lin9 use the sa/e #4 pa9et
/ode! It is reo//ended that you set this para/eter to
%tadard Mode!
Table 1.2 4enu ite/s on the shortut /enu
-lar/
&uppression
&uppresses alar/s! If alar/ suppression is onfigured for a PC" 'Ds
along the PC and the '4& do not report alar/s!
&tart CC &tarts CC!
&top CC &tops CC!
&tart #= &tarts #=! #= is used to he9 the PC onneti0ity" whih helps to
diagnose and retify faults!
Euery #&P
&tatus
Eueries the status of a PC!
Ping Test Perfor/s a ping test for a PC!
Traeroute Test Perfor/s a Traeroute test for a PC!
#+##+#2+/ .P5S'TP P; 3A.H.IP
This setion desri.es the 4IP para/eters of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
Table 1.1 Para/eters in the 4IP onfiguration window
Paramet
4& PC I, +or e;a/ple"
3
&ets and displays the I, of an 4&-PC!
Copyright Huawei
2((
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
&er0ie
Type
Dthernet
&er0ie" -T4
&er0ie" CD&
&er0ie" PTP
Clo9 &er0ie
&ets and displays the type of ser0ie arried .y an 4&-PC!
4& PC
'a/e
+or e;a/ple"
PC
&ets and displays the na/e of an 4&-PC!
4D< I,
Type
ICC =ased"
Custo/er
=ased
,efault 0alue7
ICC =ased

<!*113!1!

It is reo//ended that you set ME9 1, T/-e to 1CC
Based!
4D< I, The /ethod
for setting
4D< I,s
0aries
aording to
the 0alue of
ME9 1,
T/-e!
If ME9 1,
T/-e is set
to 1)
Based"
ME9 1,"
ME) 1,"
and
2ME) 1,
are
auto/atia
lly
generated
.y the
syste/!
If ME9 1,
T/-e is set
to 1CC
Based"
ME9 1,
/ust .e
set to a
ase-
sensiti0e
-ll the 4DPs and 4IPs along the sa/e PC /ust .elong
to the sa/e 4D<" that is" they /ust ha0e the sa/e
4D< I,!
Dah 4P along a PC /ust ha0e a uni6ue 4P I,!

Copyright Huawei
2(B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
alphanu/e
ri string
of 1-13
haraters!
If ME9 1,
T/-e is set
to
Customer
Based"
ME9 1,
/ust .e
set to a
harater
string
onsisting
of @*
he;adei/
al
nu/.ers"
that is" an
4D< I,
onsists of
AB
haraters
in total!
The
default
4D< I,
onsists of
AB 8eros!
Oou an
set an
4D< I,
at will!
4IP I, 1-*1A1 &ets and displays the I, of an 4IP!
#+##+#2+#" .P5S'TP P; 3A.H5)
This setion desri.es the #= para/eters of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
Table 1.1 Para/eters in the #= test window
Paramet
er
Value
Description
4D< I, +or e;a/ple"
3
,isplays the I, of an 4D<!
#oal 4DP +or e;a/ple" ,isplays the I, of the loal 4DP!
Copyright Huawei
2(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
er
Value
Description
I, B
'ode Type 4DP" 4IP &ets and displays the type of the node on whih an #= test
will .e perfor/ed!
2e/ote
4DP)4IP
I, $r IP
-ddress
+or e;a/ple"
1A2!1B*!2!1*
&ets and displays the I, or #&2 I, of the re/ote
4DP)4IP for an #= test!
If ME9 1, T/-e of the re/ote 4DP)4IP is 1) Based"

set this para/eter to the #&2 I, of the re/ote
4DP)4IP!
If ME9 1, T/-e of the re/ote 4DP)4IP is 1CC Based"

set this para/eter to the 4P I, of the re/ote 4DP)4IP!
Pa9et
Count
1-B((3(
,efault 0alue7
3
&ets and displays the nu/.er of pa9ets that an .e
trans/itted eah ti/e!
Pa9et
Priority
0-3
,efault 0alue7
3
&ets and displays the priority of pa9ets to .e trans/itted!
0alue!
TT# 1-2((
,efault 0alue7
2((
&ets and displays the /a;i/u/ nu/.er of de0ies that
pa9ets an tra0erse! The TT! field is ontained in pa9et
headers!
If Node T/-e is M1)" set TT! to the nu/.er of hops

.etween the soure 4DP and the urrent 4IP!
If Node T/-e is ME)" set TT! to a 0alue that is greater

than or e6ual to the nu/.er of hops .etween the urrent
4DP and the re/ote 4DP! It is reo//ended that you
set this para/eter to the default 0alue!
Trans/it
Inter0al
100 /s" 1s"
10s
,efault 0alue7
100 /s
&ets and displays the inter0al for trans/itting pa9ets!
Pa9et
#ength
12*-1@(0
,efault 0alue7
12*
&ets and displays the length of eah pa9et!
Test 2esult &tring ,isplays the result of an #= test!
#+##+#2+## .P5S'TP P; 3A.HTST
This setion desri.es the T&T para/eters of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
Copyright Huawei
2(*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
&oure 'D +or e;a/ple"
'D(A-@001)
,isplays the soure 'D na/e!
&oure PC +or e;a/ple"
11
,isplays the soure PC na/e!
&in9 'D +or e;a/ple"
'D(A-@003)
,isplays the destination 'D na/e!
&in9 PC +or e;a/ple"
11
,isplays the destination PC na/e!
Progress +or e;a/ple"
100U
,isplays the T&T progress of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
2esult Charater
string
,isplays the T&T result of 4P#&-TP PC $-4!
4D< I,
Type
IP =ased" ICC
=ased"
Custo/
,efault 0alue7
IP =ased
'alue descri-tio=

Custom7 4D< I,s are usto/i8ed!

4D< 'a/e +or e;a/ple"
4D<1
,isplays the 4D< na/e!
'alue descri-tio=
Chen ME9 1, T/-e is 1) Based" the na/e of an 4D<

will .e auto/atially generated and therefore this
para/eter does not need to .e /anually speified!

Chen ME9 1, T/-e is Custom" the 4D< na/e

onsists of AB haraters (indiating @* he;adei/al
nu/.ers) and is AB 8eros! The 4D< na/e an .e
speified to any o/.ination of haraters a to f and 0
to A!
4DP I, +or e;a/ple"
100
/anually speified!
The 4DP I, identifies an 4DP! -ll nodes in the sa/e 4D
/ust ha0e the sa/e 4DP I,!
2ecommedatios=
24DP I, +or e;a/ple" ,isplays the I, of the re/ote 4DP!
Copyright Huawei
2(A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
100 The para/eter 0alue an .e auto/atially assigned or
/anually speified!
The 24DP I, identifies an 24DP! -ll nodes in the sa/e
4D /ust ha0e the sa/e 24DP I,!
2ecommedatios=
'u/.er of
&ent
Pa9ets
- ,isplays the nu/.er of pa9ets that are sent .y the soure
'D!
'u/.er of
2eei0ed
Pa9ets
- ,isplays the nu/.er of pa9ets that are reei0ed .y the
soure 'D!
#+#% .RPS
Currently" trans/ission syste/s usually adopt ring topologies! 4ultiprotool la.el swithing
transport profile (4P#&-TP) rings arry an inreasing nu/.er of ser0ies and the ser0ie
priorities are asending! 4P#&-TP ring protetion swithing (42P&) i/ple/ents rapid
protetion swithing in lin9)node failures and therefore ensures high ser0ie 6uality!
#+#%+# Introduction to .RPS
This setion defines 42P& and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
-s shown in +igure 1-10A and +igure 1-110" 42P& protets pa9et ser0ies on ring
topologies .y swithing the ser0ies to the prepared protetion hannel when the wor9ing
hannel fails!
Copyright Huawei
2B0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of 42P& senario 1
RNC
No!e7
N51
N52
N53
N5B
N55
RNC
No!e7
N51
N52
N53
N5B
N55
Copyright Huawei
2B1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.2 -ppliation of 42P& senario 2
RNC
No!e7
N51
N52
N53
N5B
N55
N5D
N57
RNC
No!e7
N51
N52
N53
N5B
N55
N5D
N57
Purposes and )ene6ts
42P& pro0ides the following uni6ue .enefits7
&a0ing tunnel resoures!
42P& uses less tunnel resoures .eause it only re6uires onfiguring wor9ing tunnels
for ser0ies!
&a0ing e6uip/ent proessing resoures and .andwidth resoures!
42P& re6uires that eah node use two $-4 instanes and two ring -P& instanes!
Euantities of $-4 instanes and -P& instanes are independent of ser0ie 6uantities!
Therefore" 42P& onsu/es less e6uip/ent proessing resoures and .andwidth
resoures!
2eduing onfiguration and /aintenane wor9load!
-fter a node is added to the protetion hannel of 42P&" you only need to onfigure the
new node!
Copyright Huawei
2B2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Dnhaning protetion relia.ility!
42P& protets ser0ies against a lin9 failure or se0eral nodes failure!
#+#%+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts of 42P&!
+igure 1-111 shows the 42P& node /odel!
Figure 1.1 42P& node /odel
RNC
No!e7
N51
N52
N53
N5B
N55
N55
Ra%
Rap
<est port 5ast port
Fi$er
.ntic(oc-%ise %or-in) canne(
.ntic(oc-%ise protection canne(
C(oc-%ise %or-in) canne(
C(oc-%ise protection canne(
Rc%
Rcp
0i!g
No!e
Rin
- group of nodes onstitute a losed ring and eah node is onneted to two ad:aent nodes
using a .idiretional hannel! - ring pro0ides redundant .andwidth or redundant networ9
de0ies" or pro0ides .oth" so that ser0ies an .e auto/atially restored when a networ9
failure ours and perfor/ane deteriorates!
Copyright Huawei
2B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Node
Physial nodes on the ring!
Virtual Node
1irtual interseting nodes that are reated to ontain the two /ost re/ote physial
interonneting nodes on the ring! Chen a ring intersets with /ultiple rings" the 0irtual
interseting node /ust .e reated to ontain the two /ost re/ote physial interseting nodes
on the ring and eah other ring!
Node ID
- node I, uni6uely identifies a node in a ring protetion group! 4ultiple ring protetion
groups an .e onfigured on an interseting or tangent node! The interseting or tangent node
is assigned different node I,s for different ring protetion groups!
:astA;est Port
Dah ring node is onneted to two ad:aent nodes using two ports! If you stand inside the
ring and fae a node" the left-side port is an east port and the right-side port is a west port!
Rin Channel
- ring protetion group onsists of four logial ring hannels7 lo9wise wor9ing hannel"
lo9wise protetion hannel" antilo9wise wor9ing hannel" and antilo9wise protetion
hannel! The antilo9wise protetion hannel protets the lo9wise wor9ing hannel! The
lo9wise protetion hannel protets the antilo9wise wor9ing hannel!
Rin 5abel
+our ring la.els are used to identify the four logial ring hannels!
2w7 +or the lo9wise wor9ing hannel!
2p7 +or the lo9wise protetion hannel!
2aw7 +or the antilo9wise wor9ing hannel!
2ap7 +or the antilo9wise protetion hannel!
2ing la.els an .e used for arrying user data and $-4 pa9ets!
Service 5abel
&er0ie la.els identify the ser0ie tunnels that arry ser0ies aross 4P#&-TP ring networ9s!
&er0ie tunnels funtion li9e 4P#& tunnels aross 4P#& do/ains!
S7itchin .ode
42P& supports two swithing /odes7 Crapping and &teering! Currently" $pti% $&' de0ies
support only Crapping!
In Crapping /ode" fault detetion nodes initiate a switho0er si/ilar to a ring /ultiple;
setion protetion (4&P) switho0er and ser0ies are auto/atially wrapped on fault
detetion nodes!
Copyright Huawei
2B@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
In &teering /ode" soure and sin9 nodes initiate a switho0er si/ilar to a transoeani
4&P switho0er! &er0ies are trans/itted fro/ the soure node to the sin9 node! 'o
wrapping is perfor/ed!
#+#%+& Speci6cations
This setion lists the 42P& speifiations that $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports!
Item Speci6cations
&withing 4ode Two-fi.er .idiretional swithing
2e0erti0e 4ode 2e0erti0e
CT2 ti/e 1 /in to 12 /in
,efault 0alue7 ( /in
&withing ti/e Protetion swithing ti/e W (0 /s (end-to-
end single point failure swithing)
Hold-off ti/e 0 s to 10 s in steps of 100 /s
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of rings supported .y
eah de0ie

$pti% $&' ((07 @
$pti% $&' (007 2

4a;i/u/ nu/.er of nodes on eah ring B@
'u/.er of 0irtual nodes per ring 32
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of /ultiast ser0ies
supported .y eah 4P#&-TP ring node

$pti% $&' ((07 1B
$pti% $&' (007 *

4a;i/u/ nu/.er of /ultiast ser0ies
supported .y eah 4P#&-TP ring
*
#+#%+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion lists the standards and protools assoiated with 42P&!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with 42P&7
,raft IT5-T 2e! <!*132 (T-4P#& shared protetion ring) <ene0a
#+#%+2 Availability
This setion lists the 0ersion and hardware re6uire/ents that $pti% $&' e6uip/ent /ust
/eet in order to run the 42P& feature!
Version ReBuirements
Product Version
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00 or later
i4anager 52000 1100200AC00 or later
Copyright Huawei
2B(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
!ard7are ReBuirements
)oard Product Version Product
D%1 11002003C00 or later $pti% $&' ((0
PC% 11002003C00 or later $pti% $&' ((0
#+#%+4 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for 4P#&-TP ring protetion
swithing (42P&) in the networ9 design phase" onfiguration and o//issioning phase" and
/aintenane phase (4P#&-TP is short for /ultiprotool la.el swithing transport profile)!
Applicable 3b=ect Dependency and 5imitation
Details
Remar
,s
Dntire feature $nly Crapping swithing /ode is supported!
&teering swithing /ode is not supported!
')-
'etwor9ing &ingle-ring networ9ing is reo//ended! ')-
=andwidth on an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring
The protetion lin9 .andwidth /ust .e e6ual
to the wor9ing lin9 .andwidth!
')-
The .andwidth of a protetion lin9 onneted
to a port /ust .e e6ual to or less than (0U of
the .andwidth pro0ided .y the port!
')-
The total ser0ie .andwidth /ust .e e6ual to
or less than the wor9ing lin9 .andwidth!
')-
$-4 of 42P& $nly $-4 that o/plies with IT5-T O!1331
is supported!
')-
4P#& $-4 is not supported! ')-
4P#&-TP $-4 in <-# /ode is not
supported!
')-
2elationship with other
features
42P& annot oe;ist with 1L1 4P#& tunnel
-P& or 1L1 4P#& PC -P&!
')-
If 171 4P#& -P& and 42P& oe;ist" 171
4P#& tunnel -P& is preferred!
')-
It is reo//ended that you set I<4P
&nooping-related para/eter Eabled )rotocol
to ,isabled for /ultiast ser0ies on an
4P#&-TP protetion ring!
The
swithing
duration
is shorter!
If you ena.le I<4P &nooping for /ultiast ')-
Copyright Huawei
2BB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Details
Remar
,s
ser0ies" it is reo//ended that you set
>adig Mode on the #*ow Frame
)rocessig ta. page to Broadcast for D-#-'
ser0ies!
$ther para/eters Name /ust .e speified for easy
identifiation!
')-
Details
Remar
,s
=inding of tunnels and 42P& -fter tunnels and 42P& are .ound" 42P&
does not affet the e;isting -P& on the
tunnels!
Dnsure
that
42P&
and -P&
an
oe;ist!
Tunnels on an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring
!%) Mode for tunnels on an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring an .e set only to )i-e!
')-
&er0ies arried on an 4P#&-
TP protetion ring
$nly one .lo9ing point an .e onfigured for
/ultiast ser0ies on an 4P#&-TP protetion
ring! The .lo9ing point /ust not .e
onfigured on an interseting node!
')-
$nly one PC an .e onfigured .etween two
interseting nodes!
')-
=andwidth on an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring
The ring .andwidth an .e onfigured .ut
does not ta9e effet!
')-
features
Chen 42P& and 171 4P#& tunnel -P& or 171
4P#& PC -P& oe;ist" >old.off Time 3166
ms4 /ust .e set for 171 4P#& tunnel -P& or
171 4P#& PC -P&!
>old.off
Time
3166 ms4
/ust .e
set to
ensure
that
4P2& is
perfor/e
d prior to
171
4P#&
tunnel
-P& or
171
4P#&
PC -P&
Copyright Huawei
2B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Details
Remar
,s
upon a
networ9
fault!
$ther para/eters It is reo//ended that you set Fre?uec/
3ms4 to (.( ms!
This
ensures
the
swithing
effiien
y!
Details
Remar
,s
&er0ies arried on an 4P#&-
TP protetion ring
The PC on 42P& does not support the ping
or traeroute test!
')-
&er0ie /igration Cotrol "ord /ust .e ena.led for DTH
PCD3 ser0ies!
This is to
ensure
the
protetio
n for
DTH
PCD3
ser0ies!
#+#%+* Principles
This setion desri.es 42P& priniples!
#+#%+*+# Continuity Chec, on .P5S'TP Rin Net7or,s
$n 4P#&-TP ring networ9s" $-4 is deployed .etween any two ad:aent nodes! Continuity
he9 (CC) of the $-4 detets failures .etween two ad:aent nodes!
$n an 4P#&-TP ring networ9" $-4 is deployed .etween any two ad:aent nodes to he9
ontinuity! Dah node deides whether its ad:aent node fails .ased on the CC results and
notifies the deision to the state /ahine of the 4P#&-TP ring networ9! The state /ahine
hanges the node status aordingly!
Copyright Huawei
2B*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 CC on 4P#&-TP ring networ9s
N52 N53
N5B
N55
N51
CC>
Rc% N51-N52
CC>
Ra% N52-N51
CC>
Ra% N51-N55
CC>
Ra% N53-N52
CC>
Rc% N55-N51
CC>
Rc% N52-N53
CC>
Rc% N53-N5B
CC>
Rc% N5B-N55
CC>
Ra% N55-N5B
CC>
Ra% N5B-N53
+igure 1-112 shows the $-4 operating on an 4P&#-TP ring networ9! The $-4 o/plies
with the following priniples7
The $-4 is ena.led .y default when an 4P#&-TP ring networ9 is reated!
Continuity he9 /essages (CC4s) on the lo9wise wor9ing hannel and antilo9wise
wor9ing hannel are identified with wor9ing hannel la.els!
The $-4 wor9s only .etween two ad:aent nodes! -d:aent nodes e;hange CC4s and
-P& pa9ets through the wor9ing hannels!
Dah node deides whether its ad:aent node fails .ased on the CC results! If the ad:aent
node fails" the node reports alar/s and fault infor/ation on the port onneted to the
ad:aent node!
CC inter0als an .e onfigured!
#+#%+*+% Protocol Stac, o8 .P5S'TP Rin Net7or,s
4P#&-TP ring networ9s hange their status aording to the lin9 status and o//ands issued
.y users!
Rin Node States
'odes on an 4P#&-TP ring networ9 ha0e three states7 idle" swith" and pass-through!
Idle state
- node is in idle state when two onditions are /et7 The node does not initiate or reei0e
any -P&).ridging re6uestI the node ontinuously reei0es idle -P& pa9ets fro/ its east
and west interfaes!
Chen a node is in idle state" it does not trans/it any .ridging re6uests .ut trans/its -P&
pa9ets whose destination node I, is the ne;t hop node I, and soure node I, is the
loal node I,!
&with state
Copyright Huawei
2BA
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Chen a node is in swith state" it has the highest state priority and notifies the swith
state infor/ation to its ad:aent node!
Chen a node is in swith state" it trans/its .ridging re6uests of swith state and
trans/its -P& pa9ets whose destination node I, is the ne;t hop node I, and soure
node I, is the loal node I,!
Pass-through state
Chen a node is in pass-through state" it has the lowest state priority and trans/its the
reei0ed swith state infor/ation to its ad:aent node!
In addition" the node trans/its -P& pa9ets and .ridging re6uests that arry the
infor/ation reei0ed fro/ its upstrea/ node!
APS S7itchin Conditions
S7itchi
n
Conditi
on
Description Priorit
y
Clearing of
swithing
(/anually
issued
o//and)
This o//and lears any other /anually issued swithing
o//and and the wait-to-restore (CT2) state!
The
priorities
are
arranged
in
desendi
ng order!
Cor9ing
hannel
lo9out
(/anually
issued
o//and)
This o//and suppresses any types of protetion swithing
re6uests fro/ nodes and pre0ents swithing the nor/al ser0ies
on a speified seg/ent to the protetion hannel! If the nor/al
ser0ies on a speified seg/ent ha0e .een swithed to the
protetion hannel" this o//and ends the ring .ridging
regardless of the wor9ing hannel status! This o//and does not
affet how ser0ies on other seg/ents use the protetion hannel!
Protetion
hannel
lo9out
(/anually
issued
o//and)
This o//and pre0ents protetion swithing on the entire ring!
If ser0ies on the ring are using the protetion hannel" this
o//and swithes the ser0ies .a9 to the wor9ing hannel
regardless of the wor9ing hannel status!
+ored
swithing
(/anually
issued
o//and)
This o//and swithes nor/al ser0ies fro/ the wor9ing
hannel to the protetion hannel regardless of the protetion
hannel status! This o//and fails only if the protetion hannel
is ser0ing a higher-priority swithing re6uest!
&+
swithing
(auto/ati
ally issued
o//and)
Chen a signal fail (&+) ours" ser0ies are auto/atially
swithed to the protetion hannel!
&,
swithing
(auto/ati
ally issued
Chen a signal degrade (&,) ours" ser0ies are auto/atially
swithed to the protetion hannel!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
S7itchi
n
Conditi
on
Description Priorit
y
o//and)
4anual
swithing
(/anually
issued
o//and)
This o//and swithes nor/al ser0ies fro/ the wor9ing
hannel to the protetion hannel! This o//and sueeds if the
protetion re/ains in a non-&, state and is not ser0ing a sa/e-
or higher-priority swithing re6uest (inluding &+ swithing)!
2e0erti0e
swithing
(auto/ati
ally issued
o//and)
If an &+)&, ours in the wor9ing hannel" ser0ies are swithed
to the protetion hannel! -fter the wor9ing hannel reo0ers" the
CT2 period starts! If no higher-priority .ridging re6uest is
reei0ed within the CT2 period" ser0ies are swithed .a9 to
the wor9ing hannel after the CT2 period e;pires!
D;erise
swithing
(/anually
issued
o//and)
This o//and tests protetion swithing in a speified hannel!
'o .ridging or swithing ours atually! &er0ies are not
affeted!
#+#%+*+& Service Transmission on .P5S'TP Rin Net7or,s
&er0ies on 4P#&-TP ring networ9s an .e proteted through ser0ie-ring .inding and ring
la.el forwarding!
Service'Rin )indin
-fter 4P#&-TP protetion rings are reated" you need to .ind ser0ie tunnels and protetion
rings to assoiate ser0ie la.els with ring la.els! &er0ie-2ing .inding helps larity the ring
instanes orresponding to ser0ie tunnels" as well as the transit de0ies and /apping
hannels of ser0ies!
Rin 5abel -or7ardin
&er0ies on 4P#&-TP ring networ9s re6uire a layer of ring la.els outside PC la.els and
tunnel la.els! +igure 1-113 shows how ser0ies are trans/itted on an 4P#&-TP ring .ased on
la.el forwarding!
The figure ta9es a unidiretional ser0ie fro/ 'D( to 'D3 as an e;a/ple! The ser0ie hannel is the
antilo9wise wor9ing hannel! Trans/ission of ser0ies in other diretions are si/ilar!
'D(7 'D( reei0es a ser0ie" adds PC la.els" tunnel la.els" and ring la.els (in this
e;a/ple" the antilo9wise wor9ing hannel la.el) to the ser0ie" and trans/its the
ser0ie to 'D@!
'D@7 'D@ retains the PC la.els and tunnel la.els" .ut swaps the ring la.els of the
ser0ie!
'D37 'D3 re/o0es the ring la.els" tunnel la.els" and PC la.els" and drops the ser0ie!
Copyright Huawei
231
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+or ser0ies with ring la.els" the transit nodes only need to proess ring la.els! Therefore" less
resoures are used in ser0ie trans/ission and protetion swithing an .e i/ple/ented /ore
6ui9ly!
Figure 1.1 &er0ie trans/ission on an 4P#&-TP ring networ9
N52 N53
N5B N55
N51
:a#(oa!
:a#(oa!
:<
'unne(
Ra% 53
:a#(oa!
:<
'unne(
Ra% B3
:a#(oa!
1* :us p%
2* :us 'unne(
3* :us Ra%
1* S%ap
Ra%
1* :op Ra%
2* :op 'unne(
3* :op :<
#+#%+*+0 Protection S7itchin on .P5S'TP Rin Net7or,s
Chen a fault ours on an 4P#&-TP ring networ9" ser0ies an .e auto/atially swithed to
the protetion hannel! -fter the fault is retified" ser0ies an .e swithed .a9!
Protection S7itchin in .P5S'TP Sinle'Rin -ailures
-s shown in +igure 1-11@" an 4P#&-TP ring networ9 o/prises si; nodes! &er0ies enters
the ring through 'D1" tra0erses 'D2 and 'D3" and lea0es the ring through 'D@! The ser0ie
trail is 'D1 > 'D2 >'D3 > 'D@!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 &er0ie trail when the 4P#&-TP ring is funtioning nor/ally
No!e7
RNC
N55
N51 N52
N5B
N53
N5D
<or-in) canne( ser/ice trai(
Fi$er
:rotection canne( ser/ice trai(
-s shown in +igure 1-11(" when the lin9 .etween 'D2 and 'D3 fails" 'D2 and 'D3
i//ediately detet the failure! 'D2 swithes the ser0ies on its east port fro/ the
antilo9wise wor9ing hannel to the lo9wise protetion hannel! 'D3 swithes the
ser0ies on its west port fro/ the lo9wise protetion hannel to the antilo9wise wor9ing
hannel! -fter the swithing is o/plete" the ser0ie trail .eo/es 'D1 > 'D2 > 'D1 > 'DB
> 'D( > 'D@ > 'D3 > 'D@!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.2 &er0ie trail when the 4P#&-TP ring fails
No!e7
RNC
N55
N51 N52
N5B
N53
N5D
Fi$er
Protection S7itchin in .P5S'TP T7o'Rin -ailures
2ing networ9 protetion on interseted rings uses the ring networ9 protetion /ehanis/ on a
single ring! $n interseted rings" ser0ies an tra0erse the two interseting nodes and .e
trans/itted aross the rings!
-s shown in +igure 1-11B" two 4P#&-TP rings are interseted and 'D@ and 'DB are
interseting nodes! &er0ies enters the rings through 'D1" tra0erse 'D2 and 'D3" and lea0es
the rings through 'DA! &er0ies are trans/itted aross ring 1 and ring 2! The ser0ie trail is
'D1 > 'D2 > 'D3 > 'D@ > 'DA!
Copyright Huawei
23@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 &er0ie trail when the 4P#&-TP rings are funtioning nor/ally
No!e7
RNC
N55
N51 N52 N53
N5B N5D
N59 N58 N57
Rin) 1
Rin) 2
Fi$er
+igure 1-113 shows a senario in whih an interseting node ('D@) fails! Chen ser0ies reah
'D3" 'D3 detets the 'D@ failure and swithes the ser0ies fro/ the antilo9wise wor9ing
hannel to the lo9wise protetion hannel! Chen the ser0ies reah 'D(" 'D( also detets
the 'D@ failure and swithes the ser0ies fro/ the lo9wise protetion hannel to the
antilo9wise wor9ing hannel!
Chen the ser0ies reah 'DB" 'DB trans/its the ser0ies to ring 2 on the antilo9wise
wor9ing hannel! (&er0ies are preferentially trans/itted along the nor/al trail after they
tra0el fro/ one ring to another!)
Copyright Huawei
23(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$n ring 2" when the ser0ies reah 'D(" 'D( detets the 'D@ failure and swithes the
ser0ies fro/ the antilo9wise wor9ing hannel to the lo9wise protetion hannel!
Chen the ser0ies reah 'DA" 'DA detets the 'D@ failure" ter/inates the lo9wise
protetion hannel" and forwards the ser0ies to the 2'C!
-fter the swithing is o/plete" the ser0ie trail .eo/es 'D1 > 'D2 > 'D3 > 'D2 > 'D1 >
'DB > 'D( > 'DB > 'D( > 'DB > 'D3 > 'D* > 'DA!
Figure 1.2 &er0ie trail when the 4P#&-TP rings fail
No!e7
RNC
N55
N51 N52 N53
N5B N5D
N59 N58 N57
Rin) 1
Rin) 2
Fi$er
#+#%+1 Application Scenarios
This setion desri.es appliation senarios of 42P&!
Copyright Huawei
23B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#%+1+# Point'to'Point Transmission Protection
In /o.ile .a9haul trans/ission" 4P#& D-#ine ser0ies are a o//on ser0ie type! 42P&
an protet 4P#& D-#ine ser0ies!
42P& applies to a single two-fi.er .idiretional ring and two-fi.er .idiretional interseting
rings" as show in +igure 1-11* and +igure 1-11A respeti0ely! Chen the ser0ie trans/ission
path is faulty" ring protetion ensures ser0ie trans/ission!
Figure 1.1 Point-to-point trans/ission protetion senario 1
RNC
No!e7
N51
N52
N53
N5B
N55
Figure 1.2 Point-to-point trans/ission protetion senario 2
RNC
No!e7
N51
N52
N53
N5B
N55
N5D
N57
#+#%+1+% .ulticast Service Protection
In fi;ed o//uniation networ9s" /o.ile o//uniation networ9s" and large-sale industrial
appliations" 0ideo /ultiast ser0ies are a o//on ser0ie type! 42P& an protet 0ideo
/ultiast ser0ies!
+igure 1-120 shows how 42P& protets 0ideo /ultiast ser0ies! In fi;ed o//uniation
networ9s" /o.ile o//uniation networ9s" and large-sale industrial appliations" 0ideo
/ultiast ser0ies are inreasing! 1ideo ser0ies re6uire large .andwidths! Therefore" the
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
trans/ission syste/ should pro0ide point to /ulti-point o//uniation apa.ilities and
protetion against lin9)node failures! 42P& and daisy hain D-#-' ser0ies an wor9
together to pro0ide a trans/ission solution of high .andwidth" high 6uality" and high
relia.ility!
Figure 1.1 4ultiast ser0ie protetion senario
N51
N52
N53
N5B
N55
Contro( center
V:,S
V:,S
V:,S
V:,S V:,S
V(an 1
V(an 1
V(an 1
V(an 1
V(an 1
#+#%+/ Con6uration Process
This setion desri.es all tas9s related to the 4P#&-TP ring protetion swithing (42P&)
onfiguration" and the relationships .etween the tas9s (4P#&-TP is short for /ultiprotool
la.el swithing transport profile)!
=efore .inding a tunnel to an 4P#&-TP protetion ring" it is reo//ended that you 0erify
that the 4P#&-TP protetion ring is funtioning properly" to pre0ent ser0ie interruption after
the .inding! +or details" see 1!12!13 Che9ing the &tatus on an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!
+igure 1-121 shows the flowhart for onfiguring 42P& (single ring)!
Copyright Huawei
23*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 +lowhart for onfiguring 42P& (single ring)
Create a net%or-*
Confi)ure ports*
Create an >:,S-': rin)*
Start
5n!
Re?uire!
Optiona(
Create a tunne(*
7in! te tunne( to te
>:,S-': rin)*
Table 1.1 Proess of onfiguring 42P& (single ring)
3peration Remar,s
Creating the 'etwor9 2e6uired!
Create 'Ds" upload 'D data" reate
optial fi.ers" onfigure lo9s" and
perfor/ other re6uired operations!
Configuring an Dthernet Port 2e6uired!
&et .asi attri.utes and #ayer 3
attri.utes (for e;a/ple" tunnel ena.ling
status and IP address) for ports so that
the ports an arry tunnels!
1!12!10 Creating an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing 2e6uired!
&et the ring na/e" east)west interfaes"
$-4 attri.utes" auto/ati protetion
Copyright Huawei
23A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
3peration Remar,s
swithing (-P&) attri.utes" and
ad0aned attri.utes! &et para/eters as
follows7
The ,efault &alue of Fre?uec/

3ms4 is 16 ms! To ensure the
swithing effiieny" it is
reo//ended that you set this
para/eter to (.( ms!
It is reo//ended that you retain the

default 0alue 5 of "T2 Time
3mi4!
It is reo//ended that you retain the

default 0alue 6 of >old.off Time
3166 ms4!
Configuring an 4P#& Tunnel $ptional!
Perfor/ this operation when a tunnel
needs to .e reated on an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring!
&peify the tunnel I," set the signaling
type to stati C2" na/e the tunnel" and
speify the ingress node" egress node"
and transit node!
=inding the
tunnel to the
4P#&-TP
protetion
ring
=inding a
newly reated
tunnel to an
4P#&-TP
protetion
ring
1!12!11
=inding a
Tunnel to an
4P#&-TP
Protetion
2ing
2e6uired!
=inding a tunnel to an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring /eans /igrating
ser0ies arried on the tunnel to the
ring!
To pre0ent ser0ie interruption during
/igration" onfigure -P& protetion for
the tunnel that arries the ser0ies
.efore /igrating the ser0ies!
=inding an
e;isting
tunnel to an
4P#&-TP
protetion
ring
1!12!1B!1
4igrating
Tunnel -P&-
Proteted
&er0ies to an
4P#&-TP
Protetion
2ing
1!12!1B!2
4igrating
5nproteted
&er0ies to an
4P#&-TP
Protetion
2ing
+igure 1-122 shows the flowhart for onfiguring 42P& (interseting rings)!
Copyright Huawei
2*0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.2 +lowhart for onfiguring 42P& (interseting rings)
Set intersectin) no!es for an
>:,S-': protection rin)*
Create a net%or-*
Confi)ure ports*
Create an >:,S-':
protection rin)*
Start
5n!
Re?uire!
Optiona(
Create a tunne(*
7in! a tunne( to an >:,S-':
protection rin)*
Copyright Huawei
2*1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 2.1 Proess of onfiguring 42P& (interseting rings)
3peration Remar,s
Creating the 'etwor9 2e6uired!
Create 'Ds" upload 'D data" reate
optial fi.ers" onfigure lo9s" and
perfor/ other re6uired operations!
Configuring an Dthernet Port 2e6uired!
&et .asi attri.utes and #ayer 3
attri.utes (for e;a/ple" tunnel ena.ling
status and IP address) for ports so that
the ports an arry tunnels!
1!12!10 Creating an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing 2e6uired!
&et the ring na/e" east)west interfaes"
$-4 attri.utes" -P& attri.utes" and
ad0aned attri.utes!
1!12!12 Configuring Interseting 'odes for an
4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing
2e6uired!
&et interseting nodes to ahie0e ross-
ring protetion!
Configuring an 4P#& Tunnel $ptional!
Perfor/ this operation when a tunnel
needs to .e reated on an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring!
&peify the tunnel I," set the signaling
type to stati C2" na/e the tunnel" and
speify the ingress node" egress node"
and transit node!
=inding the
tunnel to the
4P#&-TP
protetion
ring
=inding a
newly reated
tunnel to an
4P#&-TP
protetion
ring
1!12!11
=inding a
Tunnel to an
4P#&-TP
Protetion
2ing
2e6uired!
=inding a tunnel to an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring /eans /igrating
ser0ies arried on the tunnel to the
ring!
To pre0ent ser0ie interruption during
/igration" onfigure -P& protetion for
the tunnel that arries the ser0ies
.efore /igrating the ser0ies!
=inding an
e;isting
tunnel to an
4P#&-TP
protetion
ring
1!12!1B!1
4igrating
Tunnel -P&-
Proteted
&er0ies to an
4P#&-TP
Protetion
2ing
1!12!1B!2
4igrating
5nproteted
&er0ies to an
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3peration Remar,s
4P#&-TP
Protetion
2ing
#+#%+#" Creatin an .P5S'TP Protection Rin
This setion desri.es how to reate a /ultiprotool la.el swithing transport profile (4P#&-
TP) protetion ring in end-to-end /ode to protet a tunnel!
PrereBuisites
Ports ha0e .een onfigured in #ayer 3 /ode! In addition" the tunnel ena.ling status has
.een set to ena.led and IP addresses ha0e .een set for the ports!
Procedure
Step # Choose %er&ice > 1) )rotectio %ubet > Create M)!% )rotectio 2ig fro/ the /ain
/enu! In the displayed dialog .o;" onfigure .asi infor/ation! +or infor/ation a.out the
para/eters" see 1!12!20 Para/eters for Creating an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!
The e6uip/ent supports 4P#&-TP ring protetion swithing (42P&) only in Crapping /ode! In
Crapping /ode" the node that detets a failure initiates a switho0er" and traffi trans/itted towards the
failed span is swithed to the opposite diretion! The faulty node auto/atially perfor/s .ridging for the
wor9ing and protetion hannels and perfor/s a traffi switho0er!
Step % Configure an 'D list!
1! &elet an 'D and set East 1terface and "est 1terface!
It is reo//ended that you add 'Ds lo9wise or antilo9wise on the /ain topology" so the networ9
/anage/ent syste/ ('4&) an auto/atially display east and west ports!
5se any of the following /ethods to selet an 'D7
4ethod 17 In the topology 0iew" dou.le-li9 the desired 'D!
4ethod 27 In the topology 0iew" right-li9 the desired 'D and hoose Add fro/ the
shortut /enu!
4ethod 37 Cli9 Add! In the displayed dialog .o;" selet the desired 'D and li9 OK!
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If the position of an 'D needs to .e hanged after it is added on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring" li9 #-
or ,ow to /o0e the 'D on the ring! -fter the hange" the se6uene of nodes on the ring also hanges!
Step & Cli9 ,etail to set ad0aned attri.utes" $-4 para/eters" and auto/ati protetion swithing
(-P&) para/eters!
1! Cli9 the Ad&aced )ro-erties ta. and set 6uality of ser0ie (Eo&) para/eters for the
ring!
The su/ of o//itted infor/ation rates (CI2s) of all tunnels .ound to a ring /ust not e;eed half
of the CI2 of the ring! The su/ of CI2s of all tunnels not .ound to any ring on a port plus the su/
of CI2s of all rings tra0ersing the port /ust not e;eed the /a;i/u/ CI2 reser0ed for the port! The
CI2 of a ring /inus the su/ of CI2s of all tunnels .ound to the ring is the re/aining .andwidth of
the ring!
The su/ of pea9 infor/ation rates (PI2s) of all tunnels .ound to a ring /ust not e;eed the PI2 of
the ring!
2! O-tioal= Cli9 the OAM ta. and set $-4 para/eters for the ring!
Dna.le the $-4 funtion to he9 ontinuity on the ring!
It is reo//ended that you set Fre?uec/ to 3!3 /s to ensure that the protetion swithing ti/e is
less than (0 /s!
Dnsure that the 0alue of %, T$res$old 3;4 is s/aller than or e6ual to the 0alue of %F T$res$old
3;4!
3! O-tioal= Cli9 the A)% ta. and set -P& para/eters for the ring!
Dna.le the -P& funtion so that protetion swithing an .e triggered when a fault is deteted using
$-4 pa9ets!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
-n unwanted protetion ring an .e deleted during networ9 ad:ust/ent!
=efore deleting a protetion ring" ensure that no tunnel has .een .ound to the protetion ring
and no interseting node has .een onfigured for the protetion ring! $therwise" the protetion
ring annot .e deleted!
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1! Choose %er&ice > 1) )rotectio %ubet > Maage M)!% )rotectio 2ig fro/ the
/ain /enu!
2! In the %et Filter Criteria dialog .o;" set filter riteria as re6uired! Then" li9 Filter!
The 4P#&-TP protetion rings /eeting the filter riteria are displayed in the 6uery result
area!
3! &elet one or /ore protetion rings to .e deleted" right-li9" and hoose ,elete %er&ice
> ,elete fro/ the shortut /enu!
@! The "arig dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that this operation /ay interrupt
ser0ies! Cli9 <es!
(! The 2ewarig dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 <es!
#+#%+## )indin a Tunnel to an .P5S'TP Protection
Rin
This setion desri.es how to .ind a tunnel to a /ultiprotool la.el swithing transport profile
(4P#&-TP) protetion ring! -fter a tunnel tra0ersing a ring is .ound to the ring" the tunnel is
added into a ring protetion group for protetion!
PrereBuisites
- tunnel has .een reated!
- tunnel and the 4P#&-TP protetion ring to whih the tunnel will .e .ound share at
least two nodes!
-n 4P#&-TP protetion ring has .een reated!
=efore .inding a tunnel to an 4P#&-TP protetion ring" it is reo//ended that you 0erify
that the 4P#&-TP protetion ring is funtioning properly" to pre0ent ser0ie interruption after
the .inding! +or infor/ation a.out how to 0erify" see 1!12!13 Che9ing the &tatus on an
4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!
Procedure
Step % In the %et Filter Criteria dialog .o;" set filter riteria as re6uired! Then" li9 Filter! The
tunnels /eeting the filter riteria are displayed in the 6uery result area!
Step & 2ight-li9 one or /ore desired tunnels and hoose Bidig M)!% )rotectio rig fro/ the
shortut /enu! The Bidig M)!% -rotectio rig dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 In the Bidig M)!% -rotectio rig dialog .o;" selet a desired tunnel and li9 the 2ig
Bidig ta.! $n the 2ig Bidig ta. page" selet a protetion ring to .e .ound! =y default"
the networ9 /anage/ent syste/ ('4&) selets an opti/al ring to whih the tunnel an .e
.ound! Oou an also li9 Mauall/ %elect to selet an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
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Oou an selet one or /ore tunnels and .ind the/ to a ring in a .ath!
The default opti/al ring is seleted .y o.ser0ing the following rule7 Traffi /ust .e swithed to the
ring fro/ the first possi.le node and lea0es the ring at the farthest node after tra0eling along an as-
long-as-possi.le path!
The '4& allows you to speify a protetion ring .ased on the following rule7 - new ring .ound to a
tunnel annot o0er or .e o0ered .y the ring that has .een .ound to the tunnel!
If .inding a tunnel to a ring fails" the tunnel auto/atially rolls .a9 to the status .efore the .inding!
Step 2 Cli9 OK!
Step 4 The "arig dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that this operation /ay interrupt ser0ies!
Cli9 <es!
Step * The 2ewarig dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 <es!
Step 1 The 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful! Cli9 Close!
-fter tunnels and 42P& are .ound" 42P& does not affet the e;isting -P& on the tunnels!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
5nwanted tunnel-ring .indings an .e deleted during networ9 ad:ust/ent!
4ethod 17
/ain /enu!
The rings /eeting the filter riteria are displayed in the 6uery result area!
3! &elet a ring and li9 the Bided Tuel ta. in the lower left orner!
@! &elet one or /ore tunnels to .e un.ound! Cli9 #bid M)!% )rotectio 2ig!
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(! The Cofirm dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that this operation /ay interrupt
ser0ies! Cli9 OK!
B! The 2ewarig dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 <es!
3! The 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful! Cli9
Close!
4ethod 27
1! Choose %er&ice > Tuel > Maage Tuel fro/ the /ain /enu!
The tunnels /eeting the filter riteria are displayed in the 6uery result area!
3! &elet a tunnel and li9 the M)!% )rotectio 2ig ta. in the lower left orner!
@! &elet a ring .ound to the tunnel and li9 #bid M)!% )rotectio 2ig!
(! The "arig dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that this operation /ay interrupt
ser0ies! Cli9 <es!
B! The 2ewarig dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 <es!
3! The 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful! Cli9
Close!
#+#%+#% Con6urin Intersectin Nodes 8or an .P5S'
TP Protection Rin
Chen two /ultiprotool la.el swithing transport profile (4P#&-TP) protetion rings
interset" you need to onfigure interseting nodes for one of the rings! If interseting nodes
are not onfigured for one of the rings" traffi arried on the tunnels tra0ersing an interseting
node annot .e proteted when the interseting node is faulty! This setion desri.es how to
onfigure interseting nodes for an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
PrereBuisites
4P#&-TP protetion rings ha0e .een reated!
Procedure
Step # Choose %er&ice > 1) )rotectio %ubet > Maage M)!% )rotectio 2ig fro/ the /ain
/enu!
Step % In the %et Filter Criteria dialog .o;" set filter riteria as re6uired! Then" li9 Filter! The
rings /eeting the filter riteria are displayed in the 6uery result area!
Step & &elet a desired ring and li9 the 1tersectig M)!% 2ig ta. in the lower left orner!
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Step 0 Cli9 Add 'irtual Node! In the Add 'irtual Node dialog .o;" selet a protetion ring that
intersets with the seleted ring!
If two rings interset at /ultiple nodes" the networ9 /anage/ent syste/ ('4&) auto/atially selets
the two interseting nodes that are farthest apart as interseting nodes!
Step 2 Cli9 OK!
Step 4 The 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful! Cli9 Close!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
If a node is no longer an interseting node after a networ9 ad:ust/ent is perfor/ed" delete the
interseting node settings of the node!
If an interseting node arries ser0ies" deleting the interseting node settings interrupts the
ser0ies! Therefore" .efore deleting the interseting node settings of a node" ensure that the
node does not arry a tunnel or traffi!
/ain /enu!
The rings /eeting the filter riteria are displayed in the 6uery result area!
3! &elet a desired ring and li9 the 1tersectig M)!% 2ig ta. in the lower left orner!
@! &elet the ring that urrently does not interset with the seleted ring" and li9 ,elete
'irtual Node!
(! The )rom-t dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 <es!
B! The 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful! Cli9
Close!
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#+#%+#& Chec,in the Status on an .P5S'TP
Protection Rin
-fter onfiguring 4P#&-TP ring protetion swithing (42P&) is o/plete" you an he9 the
status on the /ultiprotool la.el swithing transport profile (4P#&-TP) protetion ring!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
/enu!
Step % In the %et Filter Criteria dialog .o;" set filter riteria as re6uired" and li9 Filter! The
4P#&-TP protetion rings /eeting the filter riteria are displayed in the 6uery result area!
Step & 2ight-li9 a desired 4P#&-TP protetion ring and hoose 2efres$ %witc$ %tatus" and he9
and /odify the attri.utes of the protetion ring on the To-olog/" Bided Tuel"
1tersectig M)!% 2ig" )rotectio Attribute" and Ad&aced Attribute ta. pages! In a
nor/al ase" on the Maage M)!% )rotectio 2ig ta. page" Normal is displayed in the
Alarm %tatus olu/n and #switc$ed is displayed in the %witc$ig 2esult olu/n! +or
infor/ation a.out the para/eters" see 1!12!21 Para/eters for 4anaging an 4P#&-TP
Protetion 2ing!
....Ed
#+#%+#0 Chec,in the Continuity on an .P5S'TP
Protection Rin
-fter onfiguring 4P#&-TP ring protetion swithing (42P&) is o/plete" perfor/ the Test
ad C$ec* funtion to he9 the ontinuity on the /ultiprotool la.el swithing transport
profile (4P#&-TP) protetion ring!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
/enu!
Step % In the %et Filter Criteria dialog .o;" set filter riteria as re6uired" and li9 Filter! The
4P#&-TP protetion rings /eeting the filter riteria are displayed in the 6uery result area!
Step & 2ight-li9 the 4P#&-TP protetion ring and hoose Test ad C$ec* fro/ the shortut
/enu!
Step 0 In the displayed dialog .o;" selet the hannel to .e he9ed!
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Step 2 &et para/eters on the ,iagosis O-tio ta. page! To set para/eters for 2ig )ig or 2ig
Traceroute" li9 ! +or infor/ation a.out the para/eters" see 1!12!22 Para/eters for
Che9ing the Continuity on an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!
&elet diagnosis options .ased on /aintenane needs! The /eanings of the options are as
follows7
2ig )ig7 he9s the ontinuity on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring
2ig Traceroute7 loates a faulty point on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring
If you find a faulty hannel after perfor/ing a ring ping test" you an perfor/ a ring traeroute test on
the hannel to loate the fault!
,o not perfor/ a ring ping test and a ring traeroute test on the sa/e hannel at the sa/e ti/e!
Step 4 Cli9 2u!
Step * 1iew the he9 results! +or infor/ation a.out the para/eters in the he9 results" see 1!12!22
Para/eters for Che9ing the Continuity on an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!
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....Ed
#+#%+#2 Creatin a VP5S Service on an .P5S'TP
Protection Rin
-fter .inding tunnels to a /ultiprotool la.el swithing transport profile (4P#&-TP)
protetion ring" you an reate 0irtual pri0ate #-' ser0ies (1P#&s) on the ring so that the
ser0ies an .e proteted .y 4P#&-TP ring protetion swithing (42P&)! This setion
desri.es how to reate a 1P#& ser0ie on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
PrereBuisites
Tunnels ha0e .een reated and .ound to the 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
If no tunnel is reated .efore you reate a 1P#& ser0ie" hoose Create ')!% %er&ice > ,etails > )"
Cofiguratio > )" Cofiguratio and li9 Create ad Fill Tuel to reate tunnels! 'ote that you
need to /anually .ind the reated tunnels to the 4P#&-TP protetion ring! If the tunnels are not .ound
to the ring" the reated 1P#& ser0ie annot .e proteted .y 42P&!
Procedure
Step # Choose %er&ice > ')!% %er&ice > Create ')!% %er&ice fro/ the /ain /enu!
Step % In the Create ')!% %er&ice dialog .o;" set Networ*ig Mode to 2ig and li9 Add! In the
%elect 2ig dialog .o;" selet the 4P#&-TP protetion ring for arrying the 1P#& ser0ie!
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Step & Cli9 ,etails" and set para/eters on the '%1 Cofiguratio" )" Cofiguratio" and %A1
Cofiguratio ta. pages .ased on the plan! The /ethod for setting the para/eters is si/ilar
to that desri.ed in Configuring D-#-' &er0ies Carried .y PCs in Dnd-to-Dnd 4ode! +or
desription a.out the para/eters" see 1!12!23 Para/eters for Creating a 1P#& &er0ie on an
,ifferent fro/ the para/eter setting desri.ed in Configuring D-#-' &er0ies Carried .y PCs in
Dnd-to-Dnd 4ode" only 1 Bloc* )oit or Out Bloc* )oit of one PC on the )" Cofiguratio
su.-ta. page that is on the )" Cofiguratio ta. page an .e set to Eable" .eause only one
.lo9 point an .e onfigured for an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
The 0alues of 1 Bloc* )oit and Out Bloc* )oit of a PC are assoiated as follows7 Chen 1
Bloc* )oit of a PC is set to Eable" Out Bloc* )oit of the PC is auto/atially set to ,isable
and annot .e hangedI the opposite is also true!
$nly one PC an .e onfigured .etween interseting nodes of interseting rings!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
Step 2 The "arig dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that this operation /ay interrupt ser0ies!
Cli9 <es!
Step 4 The 2ewarig dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 <es!
Step * The 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful! Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+#%+#4 .iratin Services to an .P5S'TP Protection
Rin
-fter reating a /ultiprotool la.el swithing transport profile (4P#&-TP) protetion ring"
you an reate new ser0ies on the ring" or /igrate e;isting ser0ies to the ring so that the
ser0ies an .e proteted! This setion desri.es how to /igrate ser0ies to an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring!
#+#%+#4+# .iratin Tunnel APS'Protected Services to an
.P5S'TP Protection Rin
This setion desri.es how to /igrate tunnel -P&-proteted ser0ies to a /ultiprotool la.el
swithing transport profile (4P#&-TP) protetion ring (-P& is short for auto/ati protetion
swithing)! To ensure ser0ie ontinuity" adhere to the following se6uene when /igrating
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-P&-proteted ser0ies to an 4P#&-TP protetion ring7 &with the ser0ies to the -P&
protetion tunnel" .ind the original wor9ing tunnel to the ring" and swith the ser0ies .a9 to
the original wor9ing tunnel!
PrereBuisites
Tunnel -P& has .een onfigured for the ser0ies to .e /igrated!
Cotrol "ord has .een ena.led for the DTH PCD3 ser0ies to .e /igrated!
Procedure
Step # &with ser0ies to the protetion tunnel! &peifially" hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
Cofiguratio > A)% )rotectio Maagemet fro/ the funtion tree! &elet a desired
protetion group in the pane on the right! Cli9 Fuctio and hoose Force %witc$ig! +or
details" see Testing the 4P#& Tunnel -P& Protetion &withing!
Step % =ind the original wor9ing tunnel to the 4P#&-TP protetion ring! +or details" see 1!12!11
=inding a Tunnel to an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!
Step & &with the ser0ies .a9 to the original wor9ing tunnel! The /ethod is si/ilar to that for
swithing the ser0ies to the protetion tunnel! +or details" see Testing the 4P#& Tunnel -P&
Protetion &withing!
Step 0 =ind the protetion tunnel to the 4P#&-TP protetion ring! +or details" see 1!12!11 =inding a
Tunnel to an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!
....Ed
#+#%+#4+% .iratin Unprotected Services to an .P5S'TP
Protection Rin
This setion desri.es how to /igrate unproteted ser0ies to a /ultiprotool la.el swithing
transport profile (4P#&-TP) protetion ring! To ensure ser0ie ontinuity" onfigure tunnel
auto/ati protetion swithing (-P&) for unproteted ser0ies .efore /igrating the/ to an
PrereBuisites
Cotrol "ord has .een ena.led for the DTH PCD3 ser0ies to .e /igrated!
Procedure
Step # Configure tunnel -P& for the unproteted ser0ies to .e /igrated!
1! =ased on the networ9 plan" onfigure a tunnel that has the sa/e soure and sin9 as the
tunnel that arries the ser0ies to .e /igrated! +or details" see Configuring an 4P#&
Tunnel!
2! Configure -P& for the two tunnels! +or details" see Configuring Tunnel -P&!
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Step % 4igrate the ser0ies using the /ethod for /igrating -P&-proteted ser0ies to an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring! +or details" see 1!12!1B!1 4igrating Tunnel -P&-Proteted &er0ies to an
....Ed
#+#%+#* Con6uration :9ample o8 .P5S'TP Sinle'
Rin Protection
This topi pro0ides a onfiguration e;a/ple of 4P#&-TP single-ring protetion!
#+#%+#*+# :9ample Description
This setion pro0ides an e;a/ple to desri.e the networ9ing of 'Ds and the para/eters
re6uired for onfiguring 42P& (single ring)! 4P#&-TP is short for /ultiprotool la.el
swithing transport profile" and 42P& for 4P#&-TP ring protetion swithing!
Net7or,in and ReBuirements
-s shown in +igure 1-123" 'D 1" 'D 2" 'D 3" 'D @" 'D (" and 'D B for/ a ring! There is a
stati tunnel .etween the 'ode= and the 2'C" and this tunnel tra0erses 'D 1" 'D 2" 'D 3"
and 'D @! The stati tunnel needs to .e .ound to the ring" so that the tunnel an .e proteted
.y 42P&! -/ong the 'Ds" 'D 1 and 'D B are $pti% $&' (00s" and 'D 2" 'D 3" 'D @" and
'D ( are $pti% $&' ((0s!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ for 42P& (single ring)
No#e3
0NC
NE4
NE& NE$
NE5
NE'
NE6
Service Plannin
+igure 1-12@ shows a plan for .oards on the 'Ds and ports on the .oards!
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Figure 1.1 'D plan
5ast
1-5X1-1
18*0*0*1
No#e3
0NC
NE4
NE& NE$
NE5
NE'
NE6
<est
2-5X1-1
18*0*0*2
<est
2-5X1-1
18*0*1*1
5ast
1-5X1-1
18*0*1*2
<est
2-5X1-1
18*0*2*1
5ast
1-5X1-1
18*0*3*1
<est
2-5X1-1
18*0*3*2
5ast
1-5X1-1
18*0*B*1
<est
2-5X1-1
18*0*B*2
5ast
1-5X1-1
18*0*5*1
<est
2-5X1-1
18*0*5*2
5ast
1-5X1-1
18*0*D*1
&'%.%.%.& &'%.%.%.$
&'%.%.%.'
&'%.%.%.5 &'%.%.%.4
&'%.%.%.6
Table 1.1 'D para/eters
N: 5SR ID Port Port IP Address .as,
'D 1 130!0!0!1
1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!0!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!1!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
'D 2 130!0!0!2
1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!0!2 2((!2((!2((!2(2
2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!3!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
'D 3 130!0!0!3
1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!3!2 2((!2((!2((!2(2
2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!@!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
'D @ 130!0!0!@
1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!@!2 2((!2((!2((!2(2
2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!(!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
'D ( 130!0!0!(
1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!(!2 2((!2((!2((!2(2
2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!B!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
'D B 130!0!0!B
2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!2!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!1!2 2((!2((!2((!2(2
Table 1.2 =asi tunnel attri.utes (1)
Attribute Value
Tunnel 'a/e 'D1H'D@
Protool Type 4P#&
&ignaling Type &tati C2
Copyright Huawei
2A(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Attribute Value
&er0ie ,iretion =idiretional
Protetion Type Protetion-+ree
2estrition =andwidth (9.it)s) 'o li/it
Table 1.( =asi tunnel attri.utes (2)
Node Name 5SR ID Node Role
'D 1 130!0!0!1 Ingress
'D 2 130!0!0!2 Transit
'D 3 130!0!0!3 Transit
'D @ 130!0!0!@ Dgress
Attribute Value
Tunnel I, -uto--ssign
CI2 (9.it)s) 'o li/it
PI2 (9.it)s) 'o li/it
C=& (.ytes) 'o li/it
P=& (.ytes) 'o li/it
#&P Type D-#&P
D%P 'one
&in9 #&P 4ode Pipe
&oure #&P 4ode Pipe
Table 1.5 Para/eters for the tunnel
N
o
d
e
Nod
e
Type
Inbo
und
Inter
8aceA
Rin
Inc
o
mi
n
5a
be
l
Reve
rse
Inco
min
5abel
3utb
ound
Inter
8aceA
Rin
3ut
oi
n
5ab
el
Rever
se
3uto
in
5abel
Ne9t
!op
Rever
se
Ne9t
!op
' Ingres - - - 1-D%1- 1B 21 1*!0!0!2 -
Copyright Huawei
2AB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
N
o
d
e
Nod
e
Type
Inbo
und
Inter
8aceA
Rin
Inc
o
mi
n
5a
be
l
Reve
rse
Inco
min
5abel
3utb
ound
Inter
8aceA
Rin
3ut
oi
n
5ab
el
Rever
se
3uto
in
5abel
Ne9t
!op
Rever
se
Ne9t
!op
D1 s 1
(P$2T-
1)
'
D2
Transi
t
2-
D%1-1
(P$2T
-1)
1B 21 1-D%1-
1
(P$2T-
1)
13 20 1*!0!3!2 1*!0!0!1
'
D3
Transi
t
2-
D%1-1
(P$2T
-1)
13 20 1-D%1-
1
(P$2T-
1)
1* 1A 1*!0!@!2 1*!0!3!1
'
D@
Dgres
s
2-
D%1-1
(P$2T
-1)
1* - - - 1A - 1*!0!@!1
Table 1.@ 42P& para/eters
Parameter Value
2ing 'a/e &P2ing-001
'ode 'D 1
Dast Interfae7 1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1)
Cest Interfae7 2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1)

'D 2

'D 3

'D @

'D (

'D B
Copyright Huawei
2A3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter Value

CI2 (9.it)s) 'o #i/it
C=& (.ytes) 'o #i/it
PI2 (9.it)s) 'o #i/it
P=& (.ytes) 'o #i/it
4T5 (.ytes) 'o #i/it
Path D%P 'one
$-4 4ode O!1331
$-4 Dna.le &tatus Dna.le
+re6ueny (/s) 3!3 /s
D%P 3
&, (U) 2
&+ (U) 2
-P& Dna.le &tatus Dna.le
CT2 Ti/e (/in) (
Hold-off Ti/e (100 /s) 0
#+#%+#*+% Con6uration Procedure
This setion desri.es the proedure for onfiguring 42P& on a single 4P#&-TP protetion
ring (42P& is short for 4P#&-TP ring protetion swithing" and 4P#&-TP for /ultiprotool
la.el swithing transport profile)!
PrereBuisites
Oou are fa/iliar with the infor/ation a.out the e;a/ple suh as the networ9ing"
re6uire/ents" and ser0ie plan!
- networ9 has .een reated!
Procedure
Step # Configure #&2 I,s and networ9-side ports for the 'Ds! +or details" see Configuring #&2 I,
and Configuring an Dthernet Port" respeti0ely!
Copyright Huawei
2A*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
N: 5SR ID Port Port IP Address .as,
'D 1 130!0!0!1
1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!0!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!1!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
'D 2 130!0!0!2
1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!0!2 2((!2((!2((!2(2
2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!3!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
'D 3 130!0!0!3
1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!3!2 2((!2((!2((!2(2
2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!@!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
'D @ 130!0!0!@
1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!@!2 2((!2((!2((!2(2
2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!(!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
'D ( 130!0!0!(
1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!(!2 2((!2((!2((!2(2
2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!B!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
'D B 130!0!0!B
2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!2!1 2((!2((!2((!2(2
1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 1*!0!1!2 2((!2((!2((!2(2
Step % Create a tunnel! +or details" see Configuring an 4P#& Tunnel in an Dnd-to-Dnd 4ode!
Attribute Value
Tunnel 'a/e 'D1H'D@
Protool Type 4P#&
'D 1 130!0!0!1 Ingress
'D 2 130!0!0!2 Transit
'D 3 130!0!0!3 Transit
'D @ 130!0!0!@ Dgress
Copyright Huawei
2AA
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Attribute Value
#&P Type D-#&P
D%P 'one
&in9 #&P 4ode Pipe
&oure #&P 4ode Pipe
N
o
d
e
Nod
e
Type
Inbo
und
Inter
8aceA
Rin
Inc
o
mi
n
5a
be
l
Reve
rse
Inco
min
5abel
3utb
ound
Inter
8aceA
Rin
3ut
oi
n
5ab
el
Rever
se
3uto
in
5abel
Ne9t
!op
Rever
se
Ne9t
!op
'
D1
Ingres
s
- - - 1-D%1-
1
(P$2T-
1)
1B 21 1*!0!0!2 -
'
D2
Transi
t
2-
D%1-1
(P$2T
-1)
1B 21 1-D%1-
1
(P$2T-
1)
13 20 1*!0!3!2 1*!0!0!1
'
D3
Transi
t
2-
D%1-1
(P$2T
-1)
13 20 1-D%1-
1
(P$2T-
1)
1* 1A 1*!0!@!2 1*!0!3!1
'
D@
Dgres
s
2-
D%1-1
(P$2T
-1)
1* - - - 1A - 1*!0!@!1
Copyright Huawei
300
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Step & Configure 42P& for an 4P#&-TP protetion ring! +or details" see 1!12!10 Creating an
Table 1.1 =asi attri.utes for the 4P#&-TP protetion ring (1)
Attribute Value
'a/e &P2ing-001
Type Crapping
Table 1.2 =asi attri.utes for the 4P#&-TP protetion ring (2)
Node Name :astbound
Inter8ace
;estbound
Inter8ace
5SR ID
'D 1 1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 130!0!0!1
'D 2 1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 130!0!0!2
'D 3 1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 130!0!0!3
'D @ 1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 130!0!0!@
Table 1.( -d0aned attri.utes for the 4P#&-TP protetion ring
Attribute Value
4T5 (.ytes) 'o li/it
Path D%P 'one
Table 1.7 $-4 para/eters for the 4P#&-TP protetion ring
Parameter Value
$-4 4ode O!1331
Dna.le &tatus Dna.le
D%P 3
&, (U) 2
Copyright Huawei
301
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter Value
&+ (U) 2
Table 1.5 -uto/ati protetion swithing (-P&) para/eters for the 4P#&-TP protetion ring
Parameter Value
CT2 Ti/e (/in) (
Step 0 Che9ing the ontinuity on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring" see 1!12!1@ Che9ing the Continuity
on an 4P#&-TP Protetion 2ing!
Step 2 =ind the tunnel to the ring! +or details" see 1!12!11 =inding a Tunnel to an 4P#&-TP
Protetion 2ing!
....Ed
#+#%+#1 Con6uration :9ample o8 .P5S'TP
Intersectin'Rin Protection
This topi pro0ides a onfiguration e;a/ple of 4P#&-TP interseting-ring protetion!
#+#%+#1+# :9ample Description
This setion pro0ides an e;a/ple to desri.e the networ9ing of 'Ds and the para/eters
re6uired for onfiguring 42P& (interseting rings)! 4P#&-TP is short for /ultiprotool la.el
swithing transport profile" and 42P& for 4P#&-TP ring protetion swithing!
-s shown in +igure 1-12(" 'D 1" 'D 2" 'D 3" and 'D B for/ ring 1" 'D 3" 'D @" 'D (" and
'D B for/ ring 2" and ring 1 and ring 2 interset! There is a stati tunnel .etween the 'ode=
and the 2'C" and this tunnel tra0erses 'D 1" 'D 2" 'D 3" and 'D @! The stati tunnel needs
to .e .ound to the interseting rings" so that the tunnel an .e proteted .y 42P&! -/ong the
'Ds" 'D 1 and 'D 2 are $pti% $&' (00s" and 'D 3" 'D @" 'D (" and 'D B are $pti% $&'
((0s!
Copyright Huawei
302
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ for 42P& (interseting rings)
No#e3
0NC
NE4
NE& NE$
NE5
NE' NE6
Rin)1
Rin)2
Service Plannin
+igure 1-12B shows a plan for .oards on the 'Ds and ports on the .oards!
Copyright Huawei
303
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 'D plan
5ast
9-:5X1-1
18*0*0*1
No#e3
0NC
NE4
NE& NE$
NE5
NE' NE6
Rin)1
Rin)2
&'%.%.%.& &'%.%.%.$
&'%.%.%.'
&'%.%.%.5 &'%.%.%.4
&'%.%.%.6
<est
10-:5X1-1
18*0*B*2
<est
10-:5X1-1
18*0*1*2
5ast
9-:5X1-1
18*0*1*1
5ast
9-:5X1-1
18*0*3*1
<est
10-:5X1-1
18*0*3*2
5ast
9-:5X1-1
18*0*B*1
<est
2-5X1-1
18*0*5*1
5ast
1-5X1-1
18*0*D*1
5ast
1-5X1-1
18*0*5*2
<est
2-5X1-1
18*0*8*1
5ast
1-5X1-1
18*0*7*1
<est
2-5X1-1
18*0*D*2
<est
2-5X1-1
18*0*7*2
5ast
1-5X1-1
18*0*8*2
<est
10-:5X1-1
18*0*0*2
N: 5SR ID Port Port IP
Address
.as,
'D 1 130!0!0!1
A-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!0!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
10-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!@!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
'D 2 130!0!0!2
A-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!1!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
10-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!0!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
'D 3 130!0!0!3
10-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!1!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
A-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!3!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
2-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!(!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
1-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!B!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
'D @ 130!0!0!@ 2-D%1-1 1*!0!B!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
Copyright Huawei
30@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Address
.as,
(P$2T-1) 2
1-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!3!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
'D ( 130!0!0!(
2-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!3!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
1-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!*!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
'D B 130!0!0!B
10-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!3!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
A-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!@!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
2-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!*!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
1-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!*!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
Attribute Value
Tunnel 'a/e 'D1H'D@
Protool Type 4P#&
'D 1 130!0!0!1 Ingress
'D 2 130!0!0!2 Transit
'D 3 130!0!0!3 Transit
'D @ 130!0!0!@ Dgress
Copyright Huawei
30(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Attribute Value
#&P Type D-#&P
D%P 'one
&in9 #&P 4ode Pipe
&oure #&P 4ode Pipe
N
o
d
e
Nod
e
Type
Inbo
und
Inter
8aceA
Rin
Inc
o
mi
n
5a
be
l
Reve
rse
Inco
min
5abel
3utb
ound
Inter
8aceA
Rin
3ut
oi
n
5ab
el
Rever
se
3uto
in
5abel
Ne9t
!op
Rever
se
Ne9t
!op
'
D
1
Ingres
s
- - - A-
PD%1-
1
(P$2T-
1)
1B 21 1*!0!0!2 -
'
D
2
Transi
t
10-
PD%1-
1
(P$2T
-1)
1B 21 A-
PD%1-
1
(P$2T-
1)
13 20 1*!0!1!2 1*!0!0!1
'
D
3
Transi
t
10-
PD%1-
1
(P$2T
-1)
13 20 1-D%1-
1
(P$2T-
1)
1* 1A 1*!0!B!2 1*!0!1!1
'
D
@
Dgres
s
2-
D%1-1
(P$2T
-1)
1* - - - 1A - 1*!0!B!1
Copyright Huawei
30B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.@ 42P& para/eters
Parameter Value
2ing 'a/e 2ing 1 2ing 2
'ode 'D 1
Dast Interfae7 A-PD%1-1

(P$2T-1)
Cest Interfae7 10-PD%1-

1 (P$2T-1)
'D 2

(P$2T-1)

1 (P$2T-1)
'D 3

(P$2T-1)

1 (P$2T-1)
'D @

(P$2T-1)

1 (P$2T-1)
'D 3
Dast Interfae7 1-D%1-1

(P$2T-1)
Cest Interfae7 2-D%1-1

(P$2T-1)
'D @

(P$2T-1)

(P$2T-1)
'D (

(P$2T-1)

(P$2T-1)
'D B

(P$2T-1)

(P$2T-1)
CI2 (9.it)s) 'o #i/it 'o #i/it
C=& (.ytes) 'o #i/it 'o #i/it
PI2 (9.it)s) 'o #i/it 'o #i/it
P=& (.ytes) 'o #i/it 'o #i/it
4T5 (.ytes) 'o #i/it 'o #i/it
Path D%P 'one 'one
$-4 4ode O!1331 O!1331
$-4 Dna.le &tatus Dna.le Dna.le
+re6ueny (/s) 3!3 /s 3!3 /s
D%P 3 3
&, (U) 2 2
&+ (U) 2 2
-P& Dna.le &tatus Dna.le Dna.le
CT2 Ti/e (/in) ( (
Hold-off Ti/e (100 /s) 0 0
Copyright Huawei
303
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.: Para/eters for interseting nodes
Parameter Value
Interseting 2ing 'etwor9 'a/e IntersetingH2ing1T2
Interseting 2ing 'etwor9 I, 10*
Interseting 'ode 1 'D B
Interseting 'ode 2 'D 3
#+#%+#1+% Con6uration Procedure
This setion desri.es the proedure for onfiguring 42P& on interseting 4P#&-TP
protetion rings (42P& is short for 4P#&-TP ring protetion swithing" and 4P#&-TP for
/ultiprotool la.el swithing transport profile)!
PrereBuisites
Oou are fa/iliar with the infor/ation a.out the e;a/ple suh as the networ9ing"
re6uire/ents" and ser0ie plan!
- networ9 has .een reated!
Procedure
Step # Configure #&2 I,s and networ9-side ports for the 'Ds! +or details" see Configuring #&2 I,
and Configuring an Dthernet Port" respeti0ely!
Address
.as,
'D 1 130!0!0!1
A-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!0!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
10-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!@!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
'D 2 130!0!0!2
A-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!1!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
10-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!0!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
'D 3 130!0!0!3 10-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!1!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
A-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!3!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
Copyright Huawei
30*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Address
.as,
2-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!(!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
1-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!B!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
'D @ 130!0!0!@
2-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!B!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
1-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!3!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
'D ( 130!0!0!(
2-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!3!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
1-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!*!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
'D B 130!0!0!B
10-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!3!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
A-PD%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!@!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
2-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!*!1 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
1-D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
1*!0!*!2 2((!2((!2((!2(
2
Step % Create a tunnel! +or details" see Configuring an 4P#& Tunnel in an Dnd-to-Dnd 4ode!
Attribute Value
Tunnel 'a/e 'D1H'D@
Protool Type 4P#&
Copyright Huawei
30A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
'D 1 130!0!0!1 Ingress
'D 2 130!0!0!2 Transit
'D 3 130!0!0!3 Transit
'D @ 130!0!0!@ Dgress
Attribute Value
#&P Type D-#&P
D%P 'one
&in9 #&P 4ode Pipe
&oure #&P 4ode Pipe
N
o
d
e
Nod
e
Type
Inbo
und
Inter
8aceA
Rin
Inc
o
mi
n
5a
be
l
Reve
rse
Inco
min
5abel
3utb
ound
Inter
8aceA
Rin
3ut
oi
n
5ab
el
Rever
se
3uto
in
5abel
Ne9t
!op
Rever
se
Ne9t
!op
'
D
1
Ingres
s
- - - A-
PD%1-
1
(P$2T-
1)
1B 21 1*!0!0!2 -
'
D
2
Transi
t
10-
PD%1-
1
(P$2T
-1)
1B 21 A-
PD%1-
1
(P$2T-
1)
13 20 1*!0!1!2 1*!0!0!1
Copyright Huawei
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N
o
d
e
Nod
e
Type
Inbo
und
Inter
8aceA
Rin
Inc
o
mi
n
5a
be
l
Reve
rse
Inco
min
5abel
3utb
ound
Inter
8aceA
Rin
3ut
oi
n
5ab
el
Rever
se
3uto
in
5abel
Ne9t
!op
Rever
se
Ne9t
!op
'
D
3
Transi
t
10-
PD%1-
1
(P$2T
-1)
13 20 1-D%1-
1
(P$2T-
1)
1* 1A 1*!0!B!2 1*!0!1!1
'
D
@
Dgres
s
2-
D%1-1
(P$2T
-1)
1* - - - 1A - 1*!0!B!1
Step & Configure 42P& for 4P#&-TP protetion ring 1! +or details" see 1!12!10 Creating an 4P#&-
TP Protetion 2ing!
Table 1.1 =asi attri.utes for 4P#&-TP protetion ring 1 (1)
Attribute Value
'a/e 2ing 1
Type Crapping
Node Name :astbound
Inter8ace
;estbound
Inter8ace
5SR ID
'D 1 A-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 10-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 130!0!0!1
'D 2 A-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 10-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 130!0!0!2
'D 3 A-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 10-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 130!0!0!3
'D B A-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 10-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 130!0!0!B
Table 1.( -d0aned attri.utes for 4P#&-TP protetion ring 1
Attribute Value
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Attribute Value
Path D%P 'one
Table 1.7 $-4 para/eters for 4P#&-TP protetion ring 1
Parameter Value
$-4 4ode O!1331
D%P 3
&, (U) 2
&+ (U) 2
Table 1.5 -uto/ati protetion swithing (-P&) para/eters for 4P#&-TP protetion ring 1
Parameter Value
CT2 Ti/e (/in) (
Step 2 Configure 42P& for 4P#&-TP protetion ring 2! +or details" see 1!12!10 Creating an 4P#&-
TP Protetion 2ing!
Attribute Value
'a/e 2ing 2
Type Crapping
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Node Name :astbound
Inter8ace
;estbound
Inter8ace
5SR ID
'D 3 1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 130!0!0!3
'D @ 1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 130!0!0!@
'D ( 1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 130!0!0!(
'D B 1-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 2-D%1-1 (P$2T-1) 130!0!0!B
Table 1.( -d0aned attri.utes for 4P#&-TP protetion ring 2
Attribute Value
Path D%P 'one
Table 1.7 $-4 para/eters for 4P#&-TP protetion ring 2
Parameter Value
$-4 4ode O!1331
D%P 3
&, (U) 2
&+ (U) 2
Table 1.5 -P& para/eters for 4P#&-TP protetion ring 2
Parameter Value
CT2 Ti/e (/in) (
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Step * Configure interseting nodes! +or details" see 1!12!12 Configuring Interseting 'odes for an
Table 1.1 Para/eters for interseting nodes
Parameter Value
Interseting 2ing 'etwor9 'a/e IntersetingH2ing1T2
Interseting 2ing 'etwor9 I, 10*
Interseting 'ode 1 'D B
Interseting 'ode 2 'D 3
Step 1 =ind the tunnel to the interseting rings! +or details" see 1!12!11 =inding a Tunnel to an
....Ed
#+#%+#/ Related Alarms and :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and e0ents related to 42P& (42P& is short for 4P#&-TP
ring protetion swithing" and 4P#&-TP for /ultiprotool la.el swithing transport profile)!
Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
42I'<H$-4H#$C1
HC
This alar/ indiates ontinuity loss in the west diretion of a
node on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
42I'<H$-4H#$C1
HD
This alar/ indiates ontinuity loss in the east diretion of a
42I'<H$-4H5'D%
P4D<HC
This alar/ indiates that an une;peted /aintenane entity
group (4D<) I, is reei0ed in the west diretion of a node on an
42I'<H$-4H5'D%
P4D<HD
This alar/ indiates that an une;peted 4D< I, is reei0ed in
the east diretion of a node on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
42I'<H$-4H5'D%
P4DPHC
This alar/ indiates that an une;peted /aintenane entity
group end point (4DP) I, is reei0ed in the west diretion of a
42I'<H$-4H5'D%
P4DPHD
This alar/ indiates that an une;peted 4DP I, is reei0ed in
the east diretion of a node on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
42I'<H$-4H5'D%
PPD2HC
This alar/ indiates that an une;peted $-4 pa9et
trans/ission inter0al is reei0ed in the west diretion of a node
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Alarm Name .eanin
on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
42I'<H$-4H5'D%
PPD2HD
This alar/ indiates that an une;peted $-4 pa9et
trans/ission inter0al is reei0ed in the east diretion of a node on
an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
42I'<H-P&H#$&TH
C
This alar/ indiates that auto/ati protetion swithing (-P&)
pa9ets are lost in the west diretion of a node on an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring!
42I'<H-P&H#$&TH
D
This alar/ indiates that -P& pa9ets are lost in the east
diretion of a node on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
42I'<H-P&H4I&4-
TCHHC
This alar/ indiates that the onfiguration of the neigh.or in the
west diretion of a node on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring is
inorret!
42I'<H-P&H4I&4-
TCHHD
This alar/ indiates that the onfiguration of the neigh.or in the
east diretion of a node on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring is
inorret!
42I'<H+-2H&CH+-
I#HC
This alar/ indiates that re/ote -P& swithing in the west
diretion of a node on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring failed!
42I'<H+-2H&CH+-
I#HD
This alar/ indiates that re/ote -P& swithing in the east
diretion of a node on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring failed!
42I'<H$-4H2,IH
C
This alar/ indiates a re/ote defet in the west diretion of a
42I'<H$-4H2,IHD This alar/ indiates a re/ote defet in the east diretion of a
42I'<H$-4H&,HC This alar/ indiates that a signal degrade (&,) ondition is
deteted in the west diretion of a node on an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring!
42I'<H$-4H&,HD This alar/ indiates that an &, ondition is deteted in the east
42I'<H$-4H&+HC This alar/ indiates that a signal fail (&+) ondition is deteted
in the west diretion of a node on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
42I'<H$-4H&+HD This alar/ indiates that an &+ ondition is deteted in the east
:vents
'one
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#+#%+%" Parameters 8or Creatin an .P5S'TP
Protection Rin
This setion desri.es the para/eters re6uired for reating a /ultiprotool la.el swithing
transport profile (4P#&-TP) protetion ring!
Table 1.1 Para/eters in the /ain window
Paramet
er Values Description
'a/e D;a/ple7
&P2ing-001
&peifies the na/e of an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
%ettig suggestios
- networ9 /anage/ent syste/ ('4&) onfigures this
para/eter .y default! Oou an enter a new na/e!
Type Crapping &peifies the swithing /ode of the 4P#&-TP protetion
ring!
'alue descri-tio
"ra--ig7 - node that detets a failure swithes traffi to
the re0erse protetion hannel" and the other node that
detets the failure swithes the traffi .a9 to the original
wor9ing hannel!
2e/ar9s - &peifies re/ar9s for the 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
%ettig guidelies
2e/ar9s speified for an 4P#&-TP protetion ring /ust
help find the ring!
'ode 'a/e D;a/ple7 'D
(A-3001)
&peifies the na/e of a node on the 4P#&-TP protetion
ring!
Dast.ound
Interfae
D;a/ple7 1-
D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
&peifies the east port on the node on the 4P#&-TP
protetion ring!
Cest.ound
Interfae
D;a/ple7 2-
D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
&peifies the west port on the node on the 4P#&-TP
protetion ring!
#&2 I, D;a/ple7
1!0!0!1
&peifies a glo.ally uni6ue #&2 I, for the node!
Table 1.2 -d0aned attri.utes
Paramet
CI2 (9.it)s)

&peified
/anually7
0 to
10000000
&peifies a o//itted infor/ation rate (CI2) for ser0ies!
1m-act o t$e s/stem
Chen pa9ets enter a 6ueue at a rate e6ual to or less than
the CI2" all the pa9ets are forwarded! Chen pa9ets enter
Copyright Huawei
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Paramet
in steps of
B@
&eleted
fro/
a0aila.le
options7
(12
G.it)s" *
4.it)s" @0
4.it)s"
1000
4.it)s" 10
<.it)s" 'o
li/it
,efault 0alue7
'o li/it
a 6ueue at a rate greater than the CI2" so/e of the pa9ets
are disarded .ased on a preset sheduling poliy!
'alue descri-tio
Oou an speify the para/eter /anually or selet a desired
0alue fro/ a0aila.le options! The a0aila.le options
pro0ided .y the '4& are o//on 0alues! If you want to
speify the para/eter /anually" enter a 0alue in the range
fro/ 0 to 10000000" in steps of B@!
%ettig guidelies
The 0alue of the CI2 /ust .e e6ual to or less than the
re/aining .andwidth of a lin9!
C=& (.ytes)

&peified
/anually7
0 to
@2A@AB32
A(
&eleted
fro/
a0aila.le
options7
12* =yte"
(12 =yte"
1G =yte"
@G =yte"
1BG =yte"
B@G =yte"
12*G
=yte" 'o
li/it
,efault 0alue7
'o li/it
&peifies a o//itted .urst si8e (C=&) for ser0ies" that is"
the si8e of a forwarding .uffer!
'alue descri-tio
fro/ 0 to @2A@AB32A(!
1m-act o t$e s/stem
Chen .andwidth is insuffiient" so/e pa9ets annot enter
a 6ueue! - .uffer is re6uired to store these pa9ets! This
para/eter speifies the si8e of the .uffer! Chen the si8e of
the pa9ets that need to .e .uffered is less than the 0alue of
this para/eter" all the .uffered pa9ets an .e forwarded"
and no pa9et is disarded!
PI2 (9.it)s)

&peified
/anually7
0 to
10000000
in steps of
B@
&eleted
fro/
a0aila.le
options7
(12
G.it)s" *
4.it)s" @0
&peifies a pea9 infor/ation rate (PI2) for ser0ies!
'alue descri-tio
%ettig guidelies
This para/eter /ust ta9e a 0alue e6ual to or greater than
the 0alue of C12!
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Paramet
4.it)s"
1000
4.it)s" 10
<.it)s" 'o
li/it
,efault 0alue7
'o li/it
P=& (.ytes)

&peified
/anually7
0 to
@2A@AB32
A(
&eleted
fro/
a0aila.le
options7
12* =yte"
(12 =yte"
14 =yte"
@4 =yte"
*4 =yte"
124 =yte"
1B4 =yte"
'o li/it
,efault 0alue7
'o li/it
&peifies a pea9 .urst si8e (P=&) for ser0ies!
'alue descri-tio
4T5
(.ytes)
0 to AB00" 'o
li/it
,efault 0alue7
'o li/it
&peifies the /a;i/u/ trans/ission unit (4T5)" that is"
the /a;i/u/ length of a pa9et that an .e trans/itted!
%ettig suggestios
It is reo//ended that you retain the default 0alue!
Path D%P 0 to 3" 'one
,efault 0alue7
'one
&peifies an D%P 0alue for the 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
%ettig guidelies
: represents the highest priority!
Table 1.( $-4 para/eters
Paramet
er
Values Description
$-4 4ode O!1331 ,isplays the $-4 he9 /ode!
%ettig guidelies
The 0alue of this para/eter is the $-4 he9 /ode that
e6uip/ent auto/atially reports to its '4&! The para/eter
0alue annot .e hanged!
Copyright Huawei
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Paramet
er
Values Description
Dna.le
&tatus
Dna.le"
,isa.le
,efault 0alue7
Dna.le
&peifies whether the $-4 protool is ena.led!
!i*age wit$ ot$er -arameters
+or Eable %tatus on the OAM ta. page and Eable
%tatus on the A)% ta. page" the 0alue of either para/eter
hanges with the 0alue of the other para/eter! +or
e;a/ple" after Eable %tatus on the OAM ta. page is set
to Eable" the 0alue of Eable %tatus on the A)% ta.
page auto/atially hanges to Eable!
+re6ueny
(/s)
3!3 /s" 10 /s"
100 /s" 1000
/s
,efault 0alue7
10 /s
&peifies the inter0al for sending $-4 he9 pa9ets!
%ettig suggestios
To ensure the swithing effiieny" it is reo//ended that
you set this para/eter to (.( ms!
D%P 0 to 3
,efault 0alue7
3
&peifies an D%P 0alue for the $-4 protool!
%ettig guidelies
&, (U) 0 to 100
,efault 0alue7
0
&peifies the signal degrade (&,) threshold!
%ettig guidelies
The signal fail (&+) threshold /ust .e e6ual to or greater
than the &, threshold!
&+ (U) 0 to 100
,efault 0alue7
0
&peifies the &+ threshold!
%ettig guidelies
The &+ threshold /ust .e e6ual to or greater than the &,
threshold!
Table 1.7 -P& para/eters
Paramet
er
Values Description
Dna.le
&tatus
Dna.le"
,isa.le
,efault 0alue7
Dna.le
&peifies whether the auto/ati protetion swithing
(-P&) protool is ena.led!
!i*age wit$ ot$er -arameters
+or Eable %tatus on the OAM ta. page and Eable
%tatus on the A)% ta. page" the 0alue of either para/eter
hanges with the 0alue of the other para/eter! +or
e;a/ple" after Eable %tatus on the A)% ta. page is set to
Eable" the 0alue of Eable %tatus on the OAM ta. page
auto/atially hanges to Eable!
CT2 Ti/e
(/in)
1 to 12
,efault 0alue7
(
&peifies the ti/e to wait .efore traffi is swithed .a9 to
the wor9ing hannel!
1m-act o t$e s/stem
Copyright Huawei
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Paramet
er
Values Description
-fter deteting that the wor9ing hannel reo0ers" the
e6uip/ent does not i//ediately swith traffi .a9 to the
wor9ing hannel" .ut swithes traffi .a9 after the preset
wait to restore (CT2) ti/e elapses!
%ettig suggestios
Hold-off
Ti/e (100
/s)
1 to 100
,efault 0alue7
0
&peifies the hold-off ti/e for a switho0er!
1m-act o t$e s/stem
-fter deteting that the wor9ing hannel fails" the
e6uip/ent waits for a period of ti/e" alled hold-off ti/e"
and then initiates a switho0er! This pre0ents route
flapping aused .y fre6uent switho0ers!
%ettig suggestios
#+#%+%# Parameters 8or .anain an .P5S'TP
Protection Rin
This setion desri.es the para/eters re6uired for /anaging a /ultiprotool la.el swithing
transport profile (4P#&-TP) protetion ring!
Paramet
'a/e D;a/ple7
&P2ing-10@
,isplays the na/e of the 4P#&-TP protetion ring to .e
/anaged!
-lar/
&tatus
D;a/ple7
'or/al
,isplays the alar/ status of the 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
&withing
2esult
D;a/ple7
&withed
,isplays the swithing result of the 4P#&-TP protetion
ring!
I, D;a/ple7 1@ ,isplays the I, of the 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
Type D;a/ple7
Crapping
,isplays the swithing /ode of the 4P#&-TP protetion
ring!
'alue descri-tio
"ra--ig7 - node that detets a failure swithes traffi to
the re0erse protetion hannel" and the other node that
detets the failure swithes the traffi .a9 to the original
wor9ing hannel!
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Table 1.2 Para/eters on the Topology ta. page
Paramet
'ode 'a/e D;a/ple7 'D
(A-3001)
,isplays the na/e of a node on the 4P#&-TP protetion
ring!
Dast.ound
Interfae
D;a/ple7 1-
D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
,isplays the nodeJs port onneted to the ne;t node in the
east diretion!
Dast.ound
2esult
D;a/ple7
&withed
,isplays the swithing result of the node in the east
diretion!
Dast.ound
&tatus
Idle &tate"
Pass Through"
CT2" &ignal
failed
D;a/ple7
&ignal failed
,isplays the swithing status of the node in the east
diretion!
'alue descri-tio
1dle %tate7 Dah node on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring is

in this state when the ring is in the nor/al state!
)ass T$roug$7 Chen a node on an 4P#&-TP protetion

ring is in the swithing state" other nodes wor9ing
nor/ally on the ring are in this state after their status is
refreshed!
"T27 - node is in this state when its wor9ing hannel

reo0ers and traffi on its protetion hannel is waiting
to .e swithed .a9 to its wor9ing hannel!
%igal failed7 'o su.stanti0e hange swithing state!

%ettig guidelies
- networ9 /anage/ent syste/ ('4&) auto/atially
refreshes this para/eter 0alue for nodes on an 4P#&-TP
protetion ring only when the swithing status of the ring
hanges fro/ #switc$ed to %witc$ed or fro/ %witc$ed
to #switc$ed! In other senarios" the '4& displays the
node status as %igal failed! To /anually refresh the
para/eter 0alue for nodes on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring"
you an right-li9 the ring and hoose 2efres$ %witc$
%tatus fro/ the shortut /enu!
Cest.ound
Interfae
D;a/ple7 2-
D%1-1
(P$2T-1)
,isplays the nodeJs port onneted to the ne;t node in the
west diretion!
Cest.ound
2esult
D;a/ple7
&withed
,isplays the swithing result of the node in the west
diretion!
Cest.ound
&tatus
Idle &tate"
Pass Through"
CT2" &ignal
failed
D;a/ple7
&ignal failed
,isplays the swithing status of the node in the west
diretion!
'alue descri-tio
1dle %tate7 Dah node on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring is

in this state when the ring is in the nor/al state!
)ass T$roug$7 Chen a node on an 4P#&-TP protetion

ring is in the swithing state" other nodes wor9ing
nor/ally on the ring are in this state after their status is
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
refreshed!
"T27 - node is in this state when its wor9ing hannel

reo0ers and traffi on its protetion hannel is waiting
to .e swithed .a9 to its wor9ing hannel!
%igal failed7 'o su.stanti0e hange swithing state!

%ettig guidelies
-n '4& auto/atially refreshes this para/eter for nodes
on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring only when the swithing
status of the ring hanges fro/ #switc$ed to %witc$ed or
fro/ %witc$ed to #switc$ed! In other senarios" the
'4& displays the node status as %igal failed! To
/anually refresh the para/eter 0alue for nodes on an
4P#&-TP protetion ring" you an right-li9 the ring and
hoose 2efres$ %witc$ %tatus fro/ the shortut /enu!
Table 1.( =uttons on the Topology ta. page
)utton Description
#o9 -ll Cli9 this .utton to ena.le traffi arried .y all nodes on an
4P#&-TP protetion ring to .e always trans/itted on the
wor9ing hannels!
Clear -ll Cli9 this .utton to lear all swithing o//ands issued to
an 4P#&-TP protetion ring and restore the ring to the
initial state!
Dast.ound
4aintenan
e
Cest.ound
4aintenan
e
Clear
&withing
Cli9 this .utton to lear any of the following four
o//ands issued to one or /ore seleted nodes on an
4P#&-TP protetion ring and restore the ring to the initial
state!
#o9
&withing
Cli9 this .utton to ena.le traffi arried .y one or /ore
seleted nodes to .e always trans/itted on the wor9ing
hannels" regardless of the onditions of the wor9ing and
protetion hannels! If traffi is already trans/itted on the
protetion hannels" the traffi an .e swithed .a9 to the
wor9ing hannels after the wor9ing hannels reo0er!
+ore
&withing
Cli9 this .utton to fori.ly swith traffi arried .y one or
/ore seleted nodes on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring fro/
the wor9ing hannels to the protetion hannels regardless of
the ring status" unless a lo9ed swithing o//and is ati0e
on the ring!
4anual
&withing
Cli9 this .utton to swith traffi arried .y one or /ore
seleted nodes fro/ the wor9ing hannels to the protetion
hannels" unless a higher priority swithing o//and is
ati0e on the protetion hannels or the protetion hannels
are in a signal fail (&+) onditionI the opposite is also true!
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)utton Description
D;erise
&withing
Cli9 this .utton to e;erise swithing on one or /ore
seleted nodes! D;erise swithing is used to test protetion
funtions and does not affet traffi!
Table 1.7 Para/eters on the =inded Tunnel ta. page
Paramet
Tunnel
'a/e
D;a/ple7
Cor9ing
Tunnel-
Positi0e
,isplays the na/e of a tunnel .ound to the 4P#&-TP
protetion ring!
,iretion D;a/ple7
5nidiretional
,isplays the diretion of the tunnel!
2unning
&tatus
- ,isplays the running status of the tunnel! D6uip/ent
he9s the running status of tunnels and reports the he9
results to its '4&!
-lar/
&tatus
D;a/ple7
'or/al
,isplays the alar/ status of the tunnel!
1m-act o t$e s/stem
Chen the tunnel and the port arrying the tunnel do not
report an alar/" Normal is displayed! Chen the tunnel or
the port arrying the tunnel reports an alar/" the se0erity of
the alar/ is displayed!
&oure
'ode
D;a/ple7 'D
(A-3001)
,isplays the soure node of the tunnel!
&in9 'ode D;a/ple7 'D
(A-300@)
,isplays the sin9 node of the tunnel!
Tunnel I, D;a/ple7 100 ,isplays the I, alloated to the tunnel!
1m-act o t$e s/stem
The 'D software searhes for a tunnel using Tuel 1,!
%ettig guidelies
The 0alue of Tuel 1, /ust .e glo.ally uni6ue!
,estination
IP -ddress
D;a/ple7
1!0!0!1
,isplays the destination IP address of traffi!
Table 1.5 Para/eters on the Interseting 4P#& 2ing ta. page
Paramet
Interseting D;a/ple7 ,isplays the na/e of the 4P#&-TP protetion ring that
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
2ing
'etwor9
'a/e
&P2ing-10@ intersets with the ring .eing /anaged!
Interseting
2ing
'etwor9 I,
D;a/ple7 10@ ,isplays the I, of the 4P#&-TP protetion ring that
intersets with the ring .eing /anaged!
Interseting
'ode 1
D;a/ple7 'D
(A-300@)
,isplays the na/e of the first interseting node!
Interseting
'ode 2
D;a/ple7 'D
(A-300()
,isplays the na/e of the seond interseting node!
Table 1.@ Para/eters on the Protetion -ttri.ute ta. page
Paramet
$-4 4ode O!1331 &peifies the $-4 he9 /ode!
%ettig guidelies
The 0alue of this para/eter is the $-4 he9 /ode that
e6uip/ent auto/atially reports to its '4&! The para/eter
0alue annot .e hanged!
Hold-off
Ti/e (100
/s)
1 to 100
,efault 0alue7
0
&peifies the hold-off ti/e for a switho0er!
1m-act o t$e s/stem
-fter deteting that the wor9ing hannel fails" the
e6uip/ent waits for a period of ti/e" alled hold-off ti/e"
and then initiates a switho0er! This pre0ents route flapping
aused .y fre6uent switho0ers!
CT2 Ti/e
(/in)
1 to 12
,efault 0alue7
(
&peifies the ti/e to wait .efore traffi is swithed .a9 to
the wor9ing hannel!
1m-act o t$e s/stem
-fter deteting that the wor9ing hannel reo0ers" the
e6uip/ent does not i//ediately swith traffi .a9 to the
wor9ing hannel" .ut swithes traffi .a9 after the preset
wait to restore (CT2) ti/e elapses!
'ode D;a/ple7 'D
(A-3001)
&peifies the na/e of a node on the 4P#&-TP protetion
ring .eing /anaged!
Dast.ound
$-4
Dna.le
&tatus
Dna.led"
,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
Dna.led
&peifies whether the $-4 protool is ena.led in the east
diretion of the node!
1m-act o t$e s/stem
-fter this para/eter is set to Eabled" the '4& he9s
whether the hannels in the east diretion of the node
funtion nor/ally using the $-4 protool!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
Cest.ound
$-4
Dna.le
&tatus
Dna.led"
,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
Dna.led
&peifies whether the $-4 protool is ena.led in the west
1m-act o t$e s/stem
-fter this para/eter is set to Eabled" the '4& he9s
whether the hannels in the west diretion of the node
funtion nor/ally using the $-4 protool!
Dast.ound
-P& Dna.le
&tatus
Dna.led"
,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
Dna.led
&peifies whether the auto/ati protetion swithing
(-P&) protool is ena.led in the east diretion of the node!
1m-act o t$e s/stem
-fter this para/eter is set to Eabled" the '4& perfor/s
auto/ati protetion swithing in the east diretion of the
node using the -P& protool!
Cest.ound
-P& Dna.le
&tatus
Dna.led"
,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
Dna.led
&peifies whether the -P& protool is ena.led in the west
1m-act o t$e s/stem
-fter this para/eter is set to Eabled" the '4& perfor/s
auto/ati protetion swithing in the west diretion of the
node using the -P& protool!
+re6ueny
(/s)
3!3 /s" 10
/s" 100 /s"
1000 /s
,efault 0alue7
10 /s
&peifies the inter0al for sending $-4 he9 pa9ets!
%ettig suggestios
To ensure the swithing effiieny" it is reo//ended that
you set this para/eter to (.( ms!
D%P 0 to 3
,efault 0alue7
3
&peifies an D%P 0alue for the $-4 protool!
%ettig guidelies
&, (U) 0 to 100
,efault 0alue7
0
&peifies the signal degrade (&,) threshold!
%ettig guidelies
threshold!
&+ (U) 0 to 100
,efault 0alue7
0
&peifies the &+ threshold!
%ettig guidelies
threshold!
Table 1.: -d0aned attri.utes
Paramet
CI2 (9.it)s)

&peified &peifies a o//itted infor/ation rate (CI2) for ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
/anually7
0 to
10000000
in steps of
B@
&eleted
fro/
a0aila.le
options7
(12
G.it)s" *
4.it)s" @0
4.it)s"
1000
4.it)s" 10
<.it)s" 'o
li/it
,efault 0alue7
'o li/it
1m-act o t$e s/stem
Chen pa9ets enter a 6ueue at a rate e6ual to or less than
the CI2" all the pa9ets are forwarded! Chen pa9ets enter
a 6ueue at a rate greater than the CI2" so/e of the pa9ets
are disarded .ased on a preset sheduling poliy!
'alue descri-tio
%ettig guidelies
The 0alue of the CI2 /ust .e e6ual to or less than the
re/aining .andwidth of a lin9!
C=& (.ytes)

&peified
/anually7
0 to
@2A@AB32
A(
&eleted
fro/
a0aila.le
options7
12* =yte"
(12 =yte"
1G =yte"
@G =yte"
1BG =yte"
B@G =yte"
12*G
=yte" 'o
li/it
,efault 0alue7
'o li/it
&peifies a o//itted .urst si8e (C=&) for ser0ies" that is"
the si8e of a forwarding .uffer!
'alue descri-tio
1m-act o t$e s/stem
Chen .andwidth is insuffiient" so/e pa9ets annot enter
a 6ueue! - .uffer is re6uired to store these pa9ets! This
para/eter speifies the si8e of the .uffer! Chen the si8e of
the pa9ets that need to .e .uffered is less than the 0alue of
this para/eter" all the .uffered pa9ets an .e forwarded"
and no pa9et is disarded!
PI2 (9.it)s)

&peified
/anually7
0 to
10000000
in steps of
B@
&eleted
fro/
a0aila.le
options7
&peifies a pea9 infor/ation rate (PI2) for ser0ies!
'alue descri-tio
%ettig guidelies
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
(12
G.it)s" *
4.it)s" @0
4.it)s"
1000
4.it)s" 10
<.it)s" 'o
li/it
,efault 0alue7
'o li/it
This para/eter /ust ta9e a 0alue e6ual to or greater than
the 0alue of C12!
P=& (.ytes)

&peified
/anually7
0 to
@2A@AB32
A(
&eleted
fro/
a0aila.le
options7
12* =yte"
(12 =yte"
14 =yte"
@4 =yte"
*4 =yte"
124 =yte"
1B4 =yte"
'o li/it
,efault 0alue7
'o li/it
&peifies a pea9 .urst si8e (P=&) for ser0ies!
'alue descri-tio
4T5
(.ytes)
0 to AB00" 'o
li/it
,efault 0alue7
'o li/it
&peifies the /a;i/u/ trans/ission unit (4T5)" that is"
the /a;i/u/ length of a pa9et that an .e trans/itted!
%ettig suggestios
Path D%P 0 to 3" 'one
,efault 0alue7
'one
&peifies an D%P 0alue for the 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
%ettig guidelies
#+#%+%% Parameters 8or Chec,in the Continuity on
an .P5S'TP Protection Rin
This setion desri.es the para/eters re6uired for he9ing the ontinuity on a /ultiprotool
la.el swithing transport profile (4P#&-TP) protetion ring!
Copyright Huawei
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Paramet
-dd 'ode
'a/e
D;a/ple7 'D
(A-3*1BB)
,isplays or speifies the node that initiates the diagnosis
and test!
%ettig suggestios
The '4& displays all nodes on an 4P#&-TP protetion
ring that an initiate the diagnosis and test! &elet desired
nodes .ased on your needs!
-dd 'ode
,
D;a/ple7 3 ,isplays the I, of the node that initiates the diagnosis and
test!
,rop 'ode
'a/e
D;a/ple7 'D
(A-((13)
,isplays the node that ter/inates the diagnosis and test!
,rop 'ode
I,
D;a/ple7 1 ,isplays the I, of the node that ter/inates the diagnosis
and test!
,iretion Dast" Cest
D;a/ple7
Dast
,isplays the diretion of the diagnosis and test!
2esult D;a/ple7
$peration
&ueeded
,isplays the result of the diagnosis and test!
'alue descri-tio
This para/eter is displayed after Test ad C$ec* is
e;euted!
Table 1.2 Para/eters in the 2ing Ping window
Paramet
&ent
Pa9ets
1 to 1(
,efault 0alue7
3
&peifies the nu/.er of pa9ets to .e sent!
%ettig suggestios
Pa9et
&ending
Inter0al
10 to 1000 in
steps of 10
,efault 0alue7
1000
&peifies the inter0al for sending pa9ets!
'alue descri-tio
The para/eter 0alue is e;pressed in ms!
%ettig suggestios
Pa9et
Ti/eout
Ti/e
(00 to B0000
in steps of 10
,efault 0alue7
3000
&peifies a ti/eout period for pa9et trans/ission!
'alue descri-tio
%ettig suggestios
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
Pa9et &i8e B@ to 1@00
,efault 0alue7
B@
&peifies the si8e of a pa9et!
'alue descri-tio
The para/eter 0alue is e;pressed in b/te!
%ettig suggestios
TT# 1 to 2((
,efault 0alue7
22(
&peifies the nu/.er of hops that pa9ets an go through
on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
'alue descri-tio
The para/eter 0alue /ust .e e6ual to or greater than the
nu/.er of hops .etween the node that initiates the
diagnosis and test and the node that ter/inates the
diagnosis and test!
%ettig suggestios
Table 1.( Para/eters in the 2ing Traeroute window
Paramet
Pa9et
Ti/eout
Ti/e
(00 to B0000
in steps of 10
,efault 0alue7
3000
&peifies a ti/eout period for pa9et trans/ission!
'alue descri-tio
%ettig suggestios
Pa9et &i8e *@ to 1@00
,efault 0alue7
*@
&peifies the si8e of a pa9et!
'alue descri-tio
The para/eter 0alue is e;pressed in b/te!
%ettig suggestios
4a;!TT# 1 to 2((
,efault 0alue7
30
&peifies the /a;i/u/ nu/.er of hops that pa9ets an go
through on an 4P#&-TP protetion ring!
'alue descri-tio
The para/eter 0alue /ust .e e6ual to or greater than the
nu/.er of hops .etween the node that initiates the
diagnosis and test and the node that ter/inates the
diagnosis and test!
%ettig suggestios
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.7 Para/eters in the Pa9et #oss 2atio pane in the 2ing Ping 2esult window
Paramet
&ent
Pa9ets
D;a/ple7 3 ,isplays the nu/.er of sent pa9ets!
'alue descri-tio
In a nor/al ase" the 0alue of %et )ac*ets is e6ual to the
0alue of 2ecei&ed )ac*ets!
2eei0ed
Pa9ets
D;a/ple7 3 ,isplays the nu/.er of reei0ed pa9ets!
'alue descri-tio
In a nor/al ase" the 0alue of 2ecei&ed )ac*ets is e6ual to
the 0alue of %et )ac*ets!
&ending
+ailures
- ,isplays the nu/.er of pa9ets that are not suessfully
sent!
'alue descri-tio
In a nor/al ase" all pa9ets are suessfully sent" and . is
displayed!
$peration
Ti/eout
Ti/es
- ,isplays the ti/eout period of the ring ping test!
'alue descri-tio
In a nor/al ase" no ring ping test ti/es out" and . is
displayed!
Initiali8atio
n Ti/eout
Ti/es
- ,isplays the nu/.er of pa9ets that are not suessfully
initiali8ed!
'alue descri-tio
In a nor/al ase" all pa9ets are suessfully initiali8ed"
and . is displayed!
Table 1.5 Para/eters in the ,elay pane in the 2ing Ping 2esult window
Paramet
4in!,elay
(/s)
D;a/ple7 1( ,isplays the /ini/u/ delay for pa9et proessing during
the diagnosis and test!
4a; ,elay
(/s)
D;a/ple7 2* ,isplays the /a;i/u/ delay for pa9et proessing during
-0erage
,elay (/s)
D;a/ple7 23 ,isplays the a0erage delay for pa9et proessing during the
diagnosis and test!
Copyright Huawei
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Table 1.@ Para/eters in the 2ing Traeroute 2esult window
Paramet
Hop D;a/ple7 1 ,isplays the nu/.er of hops that diagnosis and test pa9ets
go through!
Dah Hop D;a/ple7 'D
(A-2133*)
(10!10!((!111
)
,isplays the na/e and I, of a node that diagnosis and test
pa9ets go through!
4in ,elay
(/s)
D;a/ple7 3 ,isplays the /ini/u/ delay for pa9et proessing during
4a; ,elay
(/s)
D;a/ple" 10 ,isplays the /a;i/u/ delay for pa9et proessing during
-0g!,elay
(/s)
D;a/ple7 A ,isplays the a0erage delay for pa9et proessing during the
diagnosis and test!
#+#%+%& Parameters 8or Creatin a VP5S Service on
an .P5S'TP Protection Rin
=efore reating D-#-' ser0ies arried .y pseudo wires (PCs)" you need to onfigure the
tunnel that arries PCs and onfigure the 0irtual swith instane (1&I) attri.ute of 'Ds as
'PD! This setion desri.es the para/eters for onfiguring D-#-' ser0ies in end-to-end
/ode!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for the .asi 1P#& attri.utes
-ield Value Rane Description
&er0ie 'a/e +or e;a/ple" D-#-' &peifies the na/e of the D-
#-' ser0ie!
&ignal Type

#,P)&tati
=<P
&peifies the signaling type!
!,)0%tatic7
N #,P7 indiates the
la.el distri.ution
protool used for
onfiguring or
/aintaining PCs!
N &tati7 you need to set
the ino/ing and
outgoing la.els of a
PC /anually!
B9)7 indiates the

.oundary gateway
protool" whih is used
for signaling e;hanges
on a /esh networ9!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
NOTE
urrently supports only /anual
&tati alloation /ode! This
para/eter an only set to
!,)0%tatic
&er0ie Te/plate - &peifies the ser0ie
te/plate! Oou an selet a
predefined ser0ie te/plate
/apping to the related 'D
type! If you do not selet a
predefined ser0ie te/plate"
you need to /anually set all
1P#& para/eters!
'etwor9ing 4ode

+ull-4esh 1P#&
H-1P#&
,aisy Chain
Hu.-&po9e
2ing
Custo/i8ed
&peifies the networ9ing
/ode of Dthernet ser0ies!
If Networ*ig Mode is
set to Full.Mes$ ')!%"
only the networ9
pro0ider edge ('PD)
attri.ute of an 'D an .e
speified!
set to >.')!%" the 'PD
or user-end pro0ider edge
(5PD) attri.ute of an 'D
an .e speified!
set to ,ais/ C$ai" only
the 5PD attri.ute of an
'D an .e speified!
set to CustomiAed" only
the PD attri.ute of an 'D
an .e speified!
NOTE
This para/eter an .e set only
to Full.Mes$ ')!%" >.')!%"
2ig or CustomiAed for the
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent!
&er0ie Type

&er0ie 1P#&
4anage/ent 1P#&
D-Tree
&peifies the 1P#& type!
%er&ice ')!%7 indiates a

o//on end-to-end
1P#& ser0ie!
Maagemet ')!%7
indiates a 1P#& ser0ie
that /onitors or /anages
one or /ore o//on
end-to-end 1P#&
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
ser0ies!
E.Tree7 indiates a point

to /ultipoint (PT4P)
Dthernet /ultiast
ser0ie!
NOTE
to %er&ice ')!% or
Maagemet ')!% for the
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent!
1&I 'a/e +or e;a/ple" 1P#&1 &peifies the 1P#& ser0ie
na/e!
1&I7 indiates the 0irtual
swithing instane! The 1&I
na/e on an 'D /ust .e
uni6ue!
1&I I, +or e;a/ple" 31 &peifies the 1&I I,!
The 1&I I, an .e
auto/atially assigned!
The 0alue of '%1 1, annot
.e hanged! Dah 1&I I, on
an 'D /ust .e uni6ue!
1&I ,esription - &peifies desription
infor/ation (usually
infor/ation a.out funtions)
a.out a 1&I!
Custo/er - &peifies the usto/er who
has the onfigured ser0ie!
2e/ar9s - &peifies re/ar9s related to
the onfigured ser0ie!
DTH $-4 CC &elet or lear the he9
.o;!
The he9 .o; is leared .y
default!
&peifies whether the
Dthernet $-4 ontinuity
he9 (CC) funtion is
ena.led! If the ET> OAM
CC he9 .o; is seleted
during 1P#& ser0ie
reation" Dthernet $-4
CCs will .e perfor/ed
regularly!
Table 1.2 Para/eters for the .asi 1&I attri.utes
1&IJs signal type

#,P)&tati &peifies the signaling type!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
=<P

!,)0%tatic7 indiates the
#,P protool used to
onfigure or /aintain
PCs!
B9)7 indiates the =order

<ateway Protool (=<P)
used for e;hanging
signaling infor/ation on
/esh networ9s!
NOTE
does not support this
para/eter!
1&I 'a/e +or e;a/ple" 1P#&1 &peifies the 1P#& ser0ie
na/e!
1&I I, +or e;a/ple" 31 &peifies the 1&I I,!
The 1&I I, an .e
The 0alue of '%1 1, annot
.e hanged! Dah 1&I I, on
an 'D /ust .e uni6ue!
1&I Type

&er0ie 1P#&
4anage/ent 1P#&
D-Tree
&peifies the 1&I type
/apping to a 1P#& ser0ie
type!
If%er&ice T/-e is set to

%er&ice ')!% for a
1P#& ser0ie" set this
para/eter to %er&ice
')!%!
If%er&ice T/-e is set to

Maagemet ')!% for
a 1P#& ser0ie" set this
para/eter to
Maagemet ')!% or
%er&ice ')!%!
If %er&ice T/-e is set to

E.Tree for a 1P#&
ser0ie" set this
para/eter to E.Tree or
%er&ice ')!%!
Dnapsulation Type - &peifies the enapsulation
type of ino/ing and
outgoing pa9ets at -C-side
ports on #21P's!
NOTE
Copyright Huawei
33@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
para/eter!
4T5 - &peifies the /a;i/u/
trans/ission unit (4T5) of
a 1&I!
NOTE
para/eter!
Tunnel Poliy - &peifies the poliy used to
selet a tunnel for arrying
1P#& ser0ies .etween PDs!
The poliy also speifies
whether to use the load-
sharing /ode!
NOTE
para/eter!
Tag Type

C--ware
&--ware
Tag-Transparent
,efault7 C--ware
&peifies the tag type!
C.Aware7 indiates that
learning is .ased on the C-
T-< (usto/er-side 1#-'
tag)!
%.Aware7 indiates that
learning is .ased on the &-
T-< (operator ser0ie-layer
1#-' tag)! This 0alue is
0alid only when
Eca-sulatio T/-e is set
to +i+ for a port!
Tag.Tras-aret7 indiates
that all Dthernet pa9ets an
.e transparently trans/itted
if Eca-sulatio T/-e is set
to Null for a port!
NOTE
to C.Aware or %.Aware for
the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent!
&er0ie Tag 2ole - &peifies the ser0ie-
deli/iting tag!
NOTE
para/eter!
=ound to /1&I - This para/eter is 0alid only
when '%1 T/-e is set to
%er&ice ')!%!
Copyright Huawei
33(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
NOTE
para/eter!
,esription - &peifies desription
infor/ation (usually
infor/ation a.out funtions)
a.out a 1&I!
Table 1.( Para/eters for forwarding ontrol
4-C -ddress #earning Dna.le" ,isa.le
,efault7 Dna.le
&peifies whether to ena.le
the 4-C address learning
funtion!
#earning 4ode Eualify(I1#)"
5n6ualify(&1#)
&peifies the .ridge learning
/ode of D-#-' ser0ies!
+ualif/31'!47 The .ridge

type is IDDD *02!16 or
IDDD *02!1ad! 4-C
address learning is .ased
on 1#-'s of the 1&I!
Dah 1#-' has its
4-C address spae! The
4-C address spae of
different 1#-'s an .e
o0erlapped!
#?ualif/31'!47 The
.ridge type is IDDD
*02!1d or IDDD *02!1ad!
4-C address learning is
.ased on 1&Is! Dah 1&I
has an 4-C address
spae!
NOTE
+or the $pti% $&' ((0)(00
e6uip/ent" 1P#& ser0ies
support only the &1# /ode"
and 'ati0e D-#-' ser0ies
support .oth the &1# and I1#
/odes!
4a;!#eant 4-C -ddresses ,efault7 (12 &peifies the /a;i/u/
nu/.er of learnt 4-C
addresses!
4-C -ddress -ging Dna.le" ,isa.le
,efault7 Dna.le
the 4-C address aging
funtion!
Copyright Huawei
33B
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-fter the 4-C address
aging funtion is ena.led" a
4-C address is deleted
fro/ the 4-C address ta.le
if no pa9ets that ontain the
4-C address are reei0ed
within a ertain period of
ti/e!
4-C -ddress -ging Ti/e ,efault7 300 &peifies the aging ti/e of
4-C addresses!
If the 4-C address aging
funtion is ena.led" the
syste/ deletes a 4-C
address if no pa9ets that
ontain the 4-C address
are reei0ed after the aging
ti/e e;pires!
If the 4-C address aging
funtion is disa.led" this
para/eter is una0aila.le!
4-C -ddress ,etetion
5pper Threshold
*0U to 100U
,efault7 A(U
&peifies the upper threshold
of deteted 4-C addresses!
The 0alue of MAC Address
,etectio #--er T$res$old
needs to .e greater than the
0alue of MAC Address
,etectio !ower
T$res$old! Chen the
nu/.er of learnt 4-C
addresses is greater than the
upper threshold" an alar/ is
reported!
4-C -ddress ,etetion
#ower Threshold
B0U to 100U
,efault7 A0U
&peifies the lower threshold
of 4-C addresses detetion!
4ultiast =roadast" ,isard
,efault7 =roadast
&peifies how to proess
un9nown /ultiast pa9ets!
5niast =roadast" ,isard
,efault7 =roadast
&peifies how to proess
un9nown uniast pa9ets!
Dna.le =P,5 Transparent
Trans/ission
'ot Transparently
Trans/itted
&peifies whether to
transparently trans/it
=P,5 pa9ets!
Copyright Huawei
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Table 1.7 PC para/eters
2ole Cor9ing" Protetion ,isplays and speifies the
role of a PC!
&oure 'D 'D-&lot I,-=oard-Port-
Higher order ti/eslot
,isplays and speifies the
soure 'D of a PC!
&in9 'D 'D-&lot I,-=oard-Port-
Higher order ti/eslot
sin9 'D of a PC!
PC I, -uto--ssign" or /anually
enter it!
+or e;a/ple" 3(
identifier of a PC!
&ignaling Type &tati ,isplays and speifies the
signaling type of a PC!
If you set %igalig T/-e to
%tatic" you need to set the
PC ingress la.el and PC
egress la.el! If you set
%igalig T/-e to
,/amic" the syste/
auto/atially alloates the
PC ingress la.el and PC
egress la.el!
+orward #a.el +or e;a/ple" 20 ,isplays and speifies the
la.el that the ser0ie arries
when entering a PC!
If you set %igalig T/-e

to ,/amic" Forward
!abel is auto/atially
alloated and annot .e
speified /anually!

to %tatic" Forward
!abel an .e
auto/atially alloated
or speified /anually!
2e0erse #a.el +or e;a/ple" 20 ,isplays and speifies the
la.el that the ser0ie arries
when lea0ing a PC!

to ,/amic" 2e&erse
!abel is auto/atially
alloated and annot .e
speified /anually!

to %tatic" 2e&erse !abel
an .e auto/atially
alloated or speified
Copyright Huawei
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/anually!
+orward Type &tati =inding ,isplays and speifies the
.inding type of a forward
tunnel!
+orward Tunnel +or e;a/ple" 'D1-'D2X1 ,isplays or speifies the
na/e of a forward tunnel!
NOTE
supports only %tatic Bidig!
2e0erse Type &tati =inding ,isplays and speifies the
.inding type of a re0erse
tunnel!
2e0erse Tunnel +or e;a/ple" 'D2-'D1X1 ,isplays or speifies the
na/e of a re0erse tunnel!
NOTE
supports only %tatic Bidig!
Dnapsulation Type 4P#& ,isplays and speifies the
enapsulation type of a PC!
NOTE
supports only one tunnel type"
na/ely" 4P#& tunnel!
+orward =lo9ing Point Dna.le" ,isa.le
,efault 0alue7 ,isa.le
If this para/eter is
onfigured" the 52000
ontrols pa9et loop.a9s to
protet /ultiast ser0ies!
Associatio wit$ ot$er
-arameters=
This para/eter is a0aila.le
only when Networ*ig
Mode is 2ig!
2e0erse =lo9ing Point Dna.le" ,isa.le
,efault 0alue7 ,isa.le
If this para/eter is
onfigured" the 52000
ontrols pa9et loop.a9s to
protet /ultiast ser0ies!
-arameters=
only when Networ*ig
Mode is 2ig!
Copyright Huawei
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#+#& .5'PPP
This hapter desri.es 4#-PPP!
#+#&+# Introduction
This setion defines 4#-PPP and desri.es the purpose of using this feature on transport
networ9s!
De6nition
The Point-to-Point Protool (PPP) is a lin9 layer protool .ased on the &erial #ine Interfae
Protool (&#IP)! PPP pro0ides a standard /ethod for enapsulating /ultiple types of protool
datagra/s (inluding IP" IP%" and -ppleTal9) on a point-to-point lin9!
The 4ultilin9 Point-to-Point Protool (4#-PPP) is an e;tended PPP protool! It is used to
.ind /ultiple low-rate PPP lin9s into a 0irtual 4#-PPP lin9! -n 4#-PPP lin9 is also alled a
4ultilin9 Protool (4P) group! 4#-PPP also supports pa9et splitting and reo/.ination"
therefore effeti0ely reduing the trans/ission lateny and inreasing the /a;i/u/ transfer
unit (4T5) for a lin9!
5sing the 4#-PPP funtion .rings a networ9 the following .enefits7
Inreased .andwidth
#oad sharing and lin9 .a9up
#ower lateny
Purpose
4#-PPP lin9s an .ear 4P#& tunnels so that the 4P#& tunnels an tra0erse a T,4 transport
networ9!
-s shown in +igure 1-123" 4P#& pa9ets in the 4P#& tunnel are enapsulated in D1s and
trans/itted o0er the 4#-PPP lin9 through the T,4 networ9! -t the T,4 networ9 edge" the
4P#& pa9ets are deapsulated fro/ D1s!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 5sing an 4#-PPP lin9 to trans/it ser0ies through a T,4 networ9
2n)ress
F5/G5 51 51
'D>
net%or-
'ransit 'ransit 5)ress
>:,S tunne(
:a#(oa! :a#(oa!
>:,S >:,S
>,-:::
F5/G5
51
F5/G5
:a#(oa!
>:,S
F5/G5
#+#&+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with 4#-PPP!
#+#&+%+# Constitution o8 the PPP
PPP is a protool suite" o/prised of the #in9 Control Protool (#CP)" 'etwor9 Control
Protools ('CPs)" and e;tended PPP protools! 4#-PPP is an e;tended PPP protool!
5CP
#CP is used to onfigure and test data o//uniation lin9s" in order to adapt a networ9 to the
o/ple; and hangea.le networ9 en0iron/ent! #CP pro0ides the following funtions7
'egotiates the 0alues of so/e PPP onfiguration options!
Proesses data fra/es of different si8es!
Che9s lin9 errors and loops!
Ter/inates lin9s!
#CP pa9ets are lassified into the following types .ased on their funtions7
#in9 onfiguration pa9ets7 for negotiating the 0alues of so/e PPP onfiguration options
#in9 ter/ination pa9ets7 for ter/inating PPP lin9s
#in9 /aintenane pa9ets7 for testing and de.ugging PPP lin9s
NCPs
'CPs are used to onfigure para/eters re6uired for networ9 layer point-to-point
o//uniation .etween two de0ies! ,ifferent 'CPs are used for different networ9 layer
protools! +or e;a/ple" the IP Control Protool (IPCP) is used for a TCP)IP networ9 and the
Internetwor9 Pa9et D;hange Control Protool (IP%CP) is used for an &P%)IP% networ9!
IPCP is a widely used protool! Chen two de0ies are negotiating a.out 'CP para/eter
onfigurations" IPCP is used for e;hanging the networ9 layer addresses!
Copyright Huawei
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:9tended PPP Protocols
Currently" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only one type of e;tended PPP protool" 4#-
PPP! 4#-PPP is used to .ind /ultiple low-rate PPP lin9s into a 0irtual 4#-PPP lin9! 4#-PPP
also supports pa9et splitting and reo/.ination" therefore effeti0ely reduing the
trans/ission lateny and inreasing the /a;i/u/ transfer unit (4T5) for a lin9!
#+#&+%+% -ormat o8 a PPP -rame
- PPP fra/e has si/ilar for/at as that of a High #e0el ,ata #in9 Control (H,#C) fra/e and
an enapsulate an upper-layer user datagra/ or a PPP pa9et!
+igure 1-12* shows the for/at of a PPP fra/e!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of a PPP fra/e
75 FF 03
:rotoco(
fie(!
CRC 75
1 1500 @$# !efau(tA $#te 1 1 2 2 1
2nfor"ation/Data
fie(!
F(a) F(a) .!! Ctr( :2D
Ta.le 1-12B pro0ides the /eaning of eah o/ponent in a PPP fra/e!
Table 1.1 4eaning of eah o/ponent in a PPP fra/e
Compo
nent
.eanin
+lag Indiates the flag .ytes! Dah PPP fra/e starts and ends with a flag .yte! The
0alue is 0;3D!
-dd Indiates the address field! The 0alue is 0;++!
Ctrl Indiates the ontrol field! The 0alue is 0;03!
PI, Indiates the protool field! The typial 0alues are as follows7
0;C0217 This 0alue is used if the infor/ation)data field .ears an #CP

pa9et!
0;*0217 This 0alue is used if the infor/ation)data field .ears an 'CP

pa9et!
0;003d7 This 0alue is used if the infor/ation)data field .ears an 4#-PPP

pa9et!
Infor/atio
n),ata
field
This field is an infor/ation field if the PPP fra/e .ears a PPP pa9et!
This field is a data field if the PPP fra/e .ears an upper-layer datagra/!
C2C Indiates the he9 field! This field is used to he9 the orretness of a PPP
data fra/e!
Copyright Huawei
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#+#&+%+& -ormat o8 an .5'PPP -rame
-n 4#-PPP fra/e o/prises of a PPP fra/e and an 4#-PPP header!
+igure 1-12A shows the for/at of an 4#-PPP fra/e!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of an 4#-PPP fra/e
75 FF 03 03003! CRC 75
1 1500 @$# !efau(tA $#te 1 1 2 2 1
Data fie(!
F(a) F(a) .!! Ctr(
Fra)"ent !ata
7/5
f(a)
7/5
f(a)
2
Se?uence nu"$er
Se?uence
nu"$er
SSNFF 6
,SNFF 6
2B
12
$it
2 $it
>: ea!er
:2D
RSV
D
RSV
2
#ong se6uene nu/.er frag/ent for/at (#&'++)7 indiates the frag/ent for/at of a
se6uene nu/.er whose length is 2@ .its! #&'++ is the default for/at of an 4#-PPP
fra/e!
&hort se6uene nu/.er frag/ent for/at (&&'++)7 indiates the frag/ent for/at of a
se6uene nu/.er whose length is 12 .its!
+or /eanings of the +lag" -dd" Ctrl" PI," and C2C fields in an 4#-PPP fra/e" see +or/at of
a PPP +ra/e! Ta.le 1-123 pro0ides the /eanings of eah o/ponent in the data field of an
4#-PPP fra/e!
Table 1.1 4eanings of eah o/ponent in the data field of an 4#-PPP fra/e
Compo
nent
.eanin
=)D flag Indiates the position of frag/ent data!
2&1 This field is reser0ed and is filled in with 0s!
&e6uene
nu/.er
Indiates the se6uene nu/.er of a frag/ent!
+rag/ent Indiates frag/ent data!
Copyright Huawei
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Compo
nent
.eanin
data
#+#&+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations of 4#-PPP!
Item Speci6cations
Type of lin9 arrying an 4#-PPP D1 in hanneli8ed &T4-1
'u/.er of 4Ps supported .y an 'D B@
'u/.er of 4Ps supported .y a .oard 32
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of /e/.ers in an 4P
group
1B
'u/.er of PPP lin9s supported .y an 'D (0@
'u/.er of PPP lin9s supported .y a .oard 2(2
4ini/u/ nu/.er of ati0e lin9s in an 4P
group
1 to 1B
Type of se6uene nu/.er

Huawei /ode (a short se6uene nu/.er
/ode defined .y Huawei)
&hort se6uene nu/.er /ode
#ong se6uene nu/.er /ode

Che9ing differential delay o0er a lin9 &upported
#ength of frag/ent data in an 4P group (in
units of .yte)

5nfrag/ented
B@
12*
2(B
(12
,yna/i addition)deletion of 4P group
/e/.ers
&upported
#+#&+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with 4#-PPP!
IDT+ 2+C 1BB17 The Point-to-Point Protool (PPP)
IDT+ 2+C 1AA07 The PPP 4ultilin9 Protool (4P)
Copyright Huawei
3@@
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#+#&+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the .oards and produts that support 4#-PPP!
Version Support
Product Version
$pti% $&' (00)((0 1100200BC01 and later
i4anager 52000 1100200*C00 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Type Product Version Product Type
#+#&+4 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for 4#-PPP at the networ9 design
phase and the onfiguration and o//issioning phase!
5imitation
Remar,s
4#-PPP lin9 -n 4#-PPP lin9 an arry
only 4P#& tunnels and
annot trans/it 'ati0e
Dthernet ser0ies!
')-
-n 4#-PPP lin9 an
trans/it ,C' pa9ets!
')-
4P group - /e/.er lin9 of an 4P
group annot ross .oards!
')-
$n the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent" an 4P#& tunnel
an .e arried only .y an
4#-PPP lin9! Therefore" an
4P group /ust .e reated
e0en if there is only one PPP
lin9 .etween two $pti%
$&' 'Ds!
')-
- PPP lin9 in frational D1
/ode annot .e added into
an 4P group!
')-
Copyright Huawei
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5imitation
Remar,s
=oard The 4P /e/.ers on a CE1
.oard /ust .elong to the
sa/e hanneli8ed &T4-1
port!
')-
#+#&+* Principles $5in, :stablishment Phase(
The esta.lish/ent phase of an 4#-PPP lin9 inludes two stages7 #CP negotiation and 'CP
negotiation!
#+#&+*+# 5CP Neotiation
+or an 4#-PPP lin9" #CP negotiation is i/ple/ented through the e;hange of Configure
pa9ets! The negotiation o0ers #CP para/eters and he9s whether the peer port wor9s in
4#-PPP /ode!
#CP negotiation is re6uired for eah PPP lin9! -fter two ends of an 4#-PPP lin9 onfir/ that
the lin9 is nor/al" they start the #CP negotiation" as shown in +igure 1-130!
Figure 1.1 #CP negotiation
Sen!er Recei/er
Confi)-Re?uest
Confi)-.c-
Confi)-Na-
Confi)-Re4ect
The proess of #CP negotiation is as follows7
1! The trans/it end sends Config-2e6uest pa9ets to the reei0e end to negotiate
onfiguration options!
2! 5pon reeipt of the Config-2e6uest pa9ets" the reei0e end proesses the pa9ets .ased
on its onfiguration options and ontent of the pa9ets!
Copyright Huawei
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I8+++ Then+++
The reei0e end reogni8es
and onfir/s all trans/itted
onfiguration options
The reei0e end /aps the onfir/ed onfiguration options
into the infor/ation field of a Config--9 pa9et and
returns the Config--9 pa9et to the trans/it end!
The reei0e end reogni8es
all trans/itted onfiguration
options" .ut onfir/s only
so/e of the onfiguration
options
The reei0e end returns a Config-'a9 pa9et that ontains
all the unonfir/ed onfiguration options and the e;peted
0alues to the trans/it end!
5pon reeipt of the Config-'a9 pa9et" the trans/it end
generates another Config-2e6uest pa9et .ased on the
reei0ed Config-'a9 pa9et and sends the Config-2e6uest
pa9et to the reei0e end!
The reei0e end fails to
reogni8e all trans/itted
onfiguration options
The reei0e end /aps the unreogni8ed onfiguration
options into the infor/ation field of a Config-2e:et pa9et
and returns the pa9et to the trans/it end!
5pon reeipt of the Config-2e:et pa9et" the trans/it end
generates another Config-2e6uest pa9et .ased on the
reei0ed Config-2e:et pa9et and sends the Config-
2e6uest pa9et to the reei0e end!
3! -fter the trans/it end reei0es the Config--9 pa9et returned fro/ the reei0e end" the
negotiation is o/plete! The ne;t stage for lin9 esta.lish/ent is 'CP negotiation!
4#-PPP pro0ides additional #CP negotiation para/eters" suh as short se6uene nu/.er and splitting
/ethod!
#+#&+*+% NCP Neotiation
+or an 4#-PPP lin9" 'CP negotiation is i/ple/ented through the e;hange of Configure
pa9ets! 'CP negotiation is onerned with the para/eters defined .y an 4P group (suh as
IP addresses) instead of the port IP addresses of an 4#-PPP lin9!
'CP negotiation is i/ple/ented on an 4P group during the networ9-layer protool phase" as
shown in +igure 1-131!
Figure 1.1 'CP negotiation
Sen!er Recei/er
Confi)-Re?uest
Confi)-.c-
Confi)-Re?uest
Confi)-.c-
Copyright Huawei
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The proess of 'CP negotiation is as follows7
1! The trans/it end and the reei0e end send a Config-2e6uest pa9et to eah other
si/ultaneously! The pa9et ontains only one onfiguration option7 IP address of the
pa9et sender!
2! -fter the reei0e or trans/it end reei0es the Config-2e6uest pa9et" it returns a Config-
-9 pa9et to infor/ the trans/it or reei0e end that it is aware of the peer IP address!
The negotiation is o/plete! The trans/it and reei0e ends start trans/itting data to eah
other at the networ9 layer!
#+#&+1 Principles $Dataram )earin Phase(
-n 4#-PPP lin9 is a 0irtual lin9 o/prising of /ultiple PPP lin9s and .ears datagra/s at the
datagra/ forwarding phase!
+igure 1-132 shows how an 4#-PPP lin9 forwards datagra/s!
Figure 1.1 Proess for an 4#-PPP lin9 to forward datagra/s
>,-:::
Group
::: ,in- 0
::: ,in- 1
::: ,in- 2
:&K
:&K
:&K
:&K
:&K
:&K
>,-:::
Group
Fra)"ent
:ac-et :ac-et
B 1
5 2
D 3
1 2 3 B 5 D
The trans/it end of an 4#-PPP lin9 trans/its datagra/s as follows7
1! The PPP protool proessing unit e;trats user datagra/s fro/ the upper layer" splits the
datagra/s aording to the preset frag/ent data length" and enapsulates the data
frag/ents into 4#-PPP fra/es!
2! The PPP protool proessing unit assigns the 4#-PPP fra/es to all ati0e /e/.er lin9s
in the 4P group .y turns!
3! Dah /e/.er lin9 trans/its 4#-PPP fra/es .ased on its lin9 type!
The reei0e end of an 4#-PPP lin9 reei0es datagra/s as follows7
1! The PPP protool proessing unit reei0es 4#-PPP fra/es fro/ all ati0e /e/.er lin9s!
2! The PPP protool proessing unit deter/ines whether all data frag/ents of a datagra/
ha0e .een reei0ed .ased on the se6uene nu/.ers! If all data frag/ents ha0e .een
reei0ed within a per/itted period" the frag/ents are deapsulated and reo/.ined into
a datagra/!
If the differential delay of a lin9 is too long during the reei0e proess" the pa9et reo/.ination fails!
Copyright Huawei
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#+#&+/ Con6uration Procedure
4#-PPP is a0aila.le only after serial ports are reated! -n 4#-PPP lin9 an arry 4P#&
tunnels only after an 4P group is onfigured!
+igure 1-133 shows the flowhart for onfiguring 4#-PPP!
Figure 1.1 +lowhart for onfiguring 4#-PPP
Re?uire!
Optiona(
Start
Creatin) >: Groups
5n!
Can)in) te 51 Fra"e For"at an!
Fra"e >o!e for a Canne(i8e! S'>-1
Creatin) an! confi)urin) seria( ports
Table 1.1 Proedures for onfiguring 4#-PPP
Changing the D1 +ra/e +or/at and
+ra/e 4ode for a Channeli8ed &T4-1
$ptional! &et the para/eters as follows7
&et 'C12 Frame Format and Frame Mode
aording to the ser0ie plan! Dnsure that the
sa/e fra/e /ode is used at .oth ends!
'or/ally" the C2C-@ /ulti-fra/e for/at and
the PC431 fra/e /ode are used!
Creating and
onfiguring serial
ports
Creating &erial
Ports
2e6uired! &et the para/eters as follows7
&et the serial port nu/.er as )ort

Number3e.g=1B(.@4 and set the serial port
na/e as Name!
&et the .oard where the serial port is loated

as #sed Board and set the serial port as
#sed )ort!
&et !e&el to 'C.12!

&etting =asi
-ttri.utes of &erial
Ports
2e6uired!
&et )ort Mode to !a/er (!
&et Eca-sulatio T/-e to )))!
Creating 4P <roups 2e6uired!
Copyright Huawei
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#+#&+#" Con6urin .5'PPP
This setion desri.es how to onfigure 4#-PPP!
#+#&+#"+# Chanin the :# -rame -ormat and -rame .ode
8or a ChanneliEed ST.'#
=y default" the D1 fra/e for/at in a hanneli8ed &T4-1 is C2C-@ /ultifra/e and the fra/e
/ode is PC431!
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e an '4 user with 'D ad/inistrator authority or higher!
The re6uired .oard is already added on the 'D panel!
52000
Procedure
Step # &elet the desired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Cofiguratio >
1terface Maagemet > )at$ Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % &et the re6uired para/eters!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+#&+#"+% Creatin Serial Ports
Chen reating a serial port" you an set the B@ 9.it)s ti/eslots to .e .ound with the serial
port!
PrereBuisites
The ports that arry ser0ies are set to !a/er 1!
52000
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree and hoose Cofiguratio >
)ac*et Cofiguratio > 1terface Maagemet > %erial 1terface fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the Basic Attributes ta.!
Copyright Huawei
3(0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Step & Cli9 New!
The New %erial 1terface dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 &et the para/eters for the serial port aording to the planning infor/ation!
Step 2 Cli9 OK! Then" lose the dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
#+#&+#"+& Settin )asic Attributes o8 Serial Ports
The .asi attri.utes of serial ports in0ol0e the para/eters suh as port /ode and
enapsulation type!
PrereBuisites
&erial ports are added!
52000
Procedure
)ac*et Cofiguratio > 1terface Maagemet > %erial )ort fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step & &elet the re6uired port and set the para/eters for the serial port aording to the planning
infor/ation!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/! Then" lose the dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
#+#&+#"+0 Creatin .P Groups
To allow an 4#PPP lin9 to arry 4P#& tunnels" you need to reate an 4P group!
Copyright Huawei
3(1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e an '4 user with 'D operator authority or higher!
4ultiple serial ports ha0e .een onfigured with the PPP protool ati0ated!
52000
Procedure
Step # &elet the desired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Cofiguratio >
)ac*et Cofiguratio > 1terface Maagemet > M) 9rou- Maagemet fro/ the
+untion Tree!
Step & Cli9 New!
Step 0 &et 4P group para/eters!
Step 2 Cli9 OK! Then" lose the operation result dialog .o; that is displayed!
Copyright Huawei
3(2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
....Ed
#+#&+## Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure 4#-PPP so that
4ultiprotool #a.el &withing (4P#&) tunnels an tra0erse a ti/e di0ision /ultiple;ing
(T,4) networ9 .eing arried o0er (4ulti-#in9 Point-to-Point Protool) 4#PPP lin9s!
#+#&+##+# :9ample Description
This setion pro0ides an e;a/ple to desri.e the networ9ing of 'Ds and ser0ie planning for
4#-PPP!
&er0ies fro/ the .ase transei0er station (=T&) need to .e trans/itted to the .ase station
ontroller (=&C)! 4#-PPP an /eet this re6uire/ent! +igure 1-13@ shows the networ9ing of
'Ds!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ for 4#-PPP
ML-PPP
TDM
Network
MPLS Tunnel
BSC
NE1
BTS
NE3 NE2
3-EM6F-1(to NE2)
4-CQ1-1-VC121!4(to NE2)
4-CQ1-1-VC121!4(to NE1)
3-EM6F-2(to NE3)
Solution
4#-PPP ena.les 4P#& tunnels to tra0erse the T,4 networ9!
Service Plannin
This setion desri.es the para/eters re6uired for onfiguring 4#-PPP!
Table 1.1 ''I infor/ation ('D1 and 'D2)
Parameter 0'C<#'#'VC#%D#'0
1C12 +ra/e +or/at C2C-@ 4ultifra/e
+ra/e 4ode 31
Copyright Huawei
3(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.2 &erial port infor/ation ('D1 and 'D2)
Parameter Value
Port 'u/.er 1 2 3 @
'a/e sp1 sp2 sp3 sp@
#e0el 1C12 1C12 1C12 1C12
5sed =oard @-CE1 @-CE1 @-CE1 @-CE1
5sed Port @-CE1-1 @-CE1-1 @-CE1-1 @-CE1-1
#ow Channel 1 2 3 @
Port 4ode #ayer 3 #ayer 3 #ayer 3 #ayer 3
Dnapsulation
Type
PPP PPP PPP PPP
Table 1.( 4P group infor/ation ('D1)
Parameter Value
4P <roup 'u/.er 1
'a/e 4PHto'D2
&peify IP -ddress 4anually
IP -ddress 20!0!@!1
IP 4as9 2((!2((!2((!2(2
4in -ti0ated #in9 Count 1
Dna.le ,ifferential ,elay ,isa.led
Dna.le Tunnel Dna.led
&e6uene 'u/.er Type &hort &erial 'u/.er
4T5(.ytes) 1B20
+rag/entation &i8e(.yte) B@
-0aila.le Interfae @-CE1-1
Table 1.7 4P group infor/ation ('D2)
Parameter Value
4P <roup 'u/.er 1
'a/e 4PHto'D2
Copyright Huawei
3(@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter Value
IP -ddress 20!0!@!2
IP 4as9 2((!2((!2((!2(2
4T5(.ytes) 1B20
Table 1.5 =asi 'D onfiguration
#&2 I, 130!0!0!1 130!0!0!2 130!0!0!3
&tart <lo.al #a.el
&pae
1 1 1
Table 1.@ Tunnel onfiguration
Tunnel I, AA AA AA
Tunnel 'a/e 'D1-'D3 'D1-'D3 'D1-'D3
'ode Type Ingress Transit Dgress
,iretion =idiretional =idiretional =idiretional
CI2(9.it)s) 'o li/it 'o li/it 'o li/it
In =oard)#ogi
Interfae Type
- 4#-PPP 3-D4B+
In Port - AA(4P-AA) 1(P$2T-1)
+orward Ino/ing
#a.el
- 1A 20
2e0erse $utgoing
#a.el
- 22 21
Copyright Huawei
3((
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$ut =oard)#ogi
Interfae Type
4#-PPP 3-D4B+ -
$ut Port AA(4P-AA) 2(P$2T-2) -
+orward $utgoing
#a.el
1A 20 -
2e0erse Ino/ing
#a.el
22 21 -
+orward 'e;t Hop
-ddress
20!0!@!2 20!1!@!2 -
2e0erse 'e;t Hop
-ddress
- 20!0!@!1 20!1!@!1
&oure 'ode - 130!0!0!1 130!0!0!1
&in9 'ode 130!0!0!3 130!0!0!3 -
Tunnel Type D-#&P D-#&P D-#&P
D%P 'one 'one 'one
#&P 4ode - - -
#+#&+##+% Con6uration Process
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # 1!13!10!1 Changing the D1 +ra/e +or/at and +ra/e 4ode for a Channeli8ed &T4-1
The 0alues for related para/eters on 'D1 and 'D2 are pro0ided as follows!
Parameter Value
0'C<#'#'VC#%D#'0
1C12 +ra/e +or/at C2C-@ 4ultifra/e
+ra/e 4ode 31
Step % Create serial ports on 'D1 and 'D2 .y following instrutions in &etting &erial Port
Para/eters!
The 0alues for related para/eters on 'D1 and 'D2 are pro0ided as follows!
Copyright Huawei
3(B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter Value
Port 'u/.er 1 2 3 @
'a/e sp1 sp2 sp3 sp@
#e0el 1C12 1C12 1C12 1C12
5sed =oard @-CE1 @-CE1 @-CE1 @-CE1
5sed Port @-CE1-1 @-CE1-1 @-CE1-1 @-CE1-1
#ow Channel 1 2 3 @
Dnapsulation
Type
PPP PPP PPP PPP
Step & Configure an 4P group on 'D1 and 'D2 .y following instrutions in 1!13!10!@ Creating 4P
<roups!
The 0alues for related para/eters on 'D1 are pro0ided as follows!
Parameter Value
4P <roup 'u/.er 1
'a/e 4PHto'D2
IP -ddress 20!0!@!1
IP 4as9 2((!2((!2((!2(2
4T5(.ytes) 1B20
Parameter Value
4P <roup 'u/.er 1
'a/e 4PHto'D2
Copyright Huawei
3(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter Value
IP -ddress 20!0!@!2
IP 4as9 2((!2((!2((!2(2
4T5(.ytes) 1B20
Step 0 Configure .asi 4P#& attri.utes on 'D1" 'D2 and 'D3 .y following instrutions in
Configuring #&2 I,!
The 0alues for related para/eters on 'D1" 'D2 and 'D3 are pro0ided as follows!
#&2 I, 130!0!0!1 130!0!0!2 130!0!0!3
&tart <lo.al #a.el
&pae
1 1 1
Step 2 Create a .idiretional 4P#& tunnel on 'D1" 'D2 and 'D3 .y following instrutions in
Configuring a =idiretional &tati 4P#& Tunnel!
Parameter Value
Tunnel I, AA
Tunnel 'a/e 'D1-'D3
'ode Type Ingress
,iretion =idiretional
CI2(9.it)s) 'o li/it
In =oard)#ogi Interfae Type -
In Port -
+orward Ino/ing #a.el -
Copyright Huawei
3(*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter Value
2e0erse $utgoing #a.el -
$ut =oard)#ogi Interfae Type 4#-PPP
$ut Port AA(4P-AA)
+orward $utgoing #a.el 1A
2e0erse Ino/ing #a.el 22
+orward 'e;t Hop -ddress 20!0!@!2
2e0erse 'e;t Hop -ddress -
&oure 'ode -
&in9 'ode 130!0!0!3
Tunnel Type D-#&P
D%P 'one
#&P 4ode -
Parameter Value
Tunnel I, AA
Tunnel 'a/e 'D1-'D3
'ode Type Transit
In =oard)#ogi Interfae Type 4#-PPP
In Port AA(4P-AA)
+orward Ino/ing #a.el 1A
2e0erse $utgoing #a.el 22
$ut =oard)#ogi Interfae Type 3-D4B+
$ut Port 2(P$2T-2)
+orward $utgoing #a.el 20
2e0erse Ino/ing #a.el 21
+orward 'e;t Hop -ddress 20!1!@!2
2e0erse 'e;t Hop -ddress 20!0!@!1
&oure 'ode 130!0!0!1
Copyright Huawei
3(A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter Value
&in9 'ode 130!0!0!3
Tunnel Type D-#&P
D%P 'one
#&P 4ode -
Parameter Value
Tunnel I, AA
Tunnel 'a/e 'D1-'D3
'ode Type Dgress
In =oard)#ogi Interfae Type 3-D4B+
In Port 1(P$2T-1)
+orward Ino/ing #a.el 20
2e0erse $utgoing #a.el 21
$ut =oard)#ogi Interfae Type -
$ut Port -
+orward $utgoing #a.el -
2e0erse Ino/ing #a.el -
+orward 'e;t Hop -ddress -
2e0erse 'e;t Hop -ddress 20!1!@!1
&oure 'ode 130!0!0!1
&in9 'ode -
Tunnel Type D-#&P
D%P 'one
#&P 4ode -
Copyright Huawei
3B0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-fter reating an 4P#& tunnel on a per-'D .asis" searh for the 4P#& tunnel! Oou an see that the
4P#& tunnel tra0erses T,4 networ9s! +or details on how to searh for 4P#& tunnels" see &earhing
for 4P#& Tunnels!
....Ed
#+#&+#% Related Alarms and :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents assoiated with 4ultilin9 Point-to-
Point Protool (4#-PPP)!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
4PH,$C' Indiates a failure of an 4P group!
4PH,D#-O Indiates the group /e/.er delay!
PPPH#CPH+-I# Indiates a #in9 Control Protool (#CP) negotiation failure!
PPPH'CPH+-I# Indiates a 'etwor9 Control Protool ('CP) negotiation failure!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to 4#-PPP!
#+#&+#& .5'PPP Parameters
This setion desri.es the para/eters related to 4ulti-#in9 Point-to-Point Protool (4#-
PPP)!
#+#&+#&+# Parameters 8or Chanin the :# -rame -ormat
and -rame .ode 8or a ChanneliEed ST.'#
This setion desri.es the para/eters that are used for hanging the D1 fra/e for/at and
fra/e /ode for a hanneli8ed &T4-1!
-ield
Value
Rane Description
$.:et +or e;a/ple"
'D(A-(001)-
@-CE1-
1(P$2T-1)-
1C@71-
1C1271
,isplays eah 1C-12 path o0er a hanneli8ed &T4-1 port!
1C12
+ra/e
+or/at
5nfra/e"
,ou.le
+ra/e" C2C-
&peifies the D1 fra/e for/at enapsulated in 1C-12s!
2ecommedatios
Copyright Huawei
3B1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield
Value
Rane Description
@ 4ultifra/e
,efault7
C2C-@
4ultifra/e
If D1s are /e/.ers in an 4P group" it is reo//ended that
you set 'C12 Frame Format to C2C.7 Multiframe!
'C12 Frame Format /ust .e set to the sa/e 0alue at .oth
ends!
+ra/e
4ode
30" 31
,efault7 31
&peifies the D1 fra/e /ode!
'alue descri-tio
If this para/eter is set to (6" ti/eslots 1 to 1( and 13 to

31 in an D1 fra/e are used to trans/it ser0ies and
ti/eslot 1B is used to trans/it signaling!
If this para/eter is set to (1" all ti/eslots in an D1 fra/e"

ti/eslots 1 to 31" are used to trans/it ser0ies!
2ecommedatios
If D1s are /e/.ers in an 4P group" it is reo//ended that
you set Frame Mode to (1!
<enerally" it is reo//ended that you set Frame Mode to
the sa/e 0alue for a port and its opposite port!
#oop.a9
4ode
'on-
#oop.a9"
Inloop"
$utloop
,efault7 'on-
#oop.a9
&peifies the loop.a9 status of a port!
'alue descri-tio
No.!oo-bac* indiates that a loop.a9 is aneled or

not perfor/ed!
1loo- indiates that the ser0ie signals trans/itted to the

opposite end are looped .a9!
Outloo- indiates that the reei0ed ser0ie signals are

looped .a9!
2ecommedatios
'or/ally" this para/eter is set to No.!oo-bac*!
#+#&+#&+% Parameters 8or Creatin and Con6urin a Serial
Inter8ace
This setion desri.es the para/eters that are used for reating and onfiguring a serial
interfae!
-ield
Value
Rane Description
Port
'u/.er
(e!g71"3-B)
0 to 20@3
+or e;a/ple"
1-@
&peifies the interfae that arries the serial ser0ie!
'a/e +or e;a/ple"
1
&peifies the na/e of the serial interfae!
Copyright Huawei
3B2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield
Value
Rane Description
#e0el 1C12" B@G
Ti/eslot
,efault7
1C12
&peifies the le0el of the serial interfae!
'alue descri-tio
Chen this para/eter is set to @7K Timeslot" ti/eslots in

an D1 port an .e used to arry serial interfaes!
Chen this para/eter is set to 'C12" D1s in a hanneli8ed

&T4-1 an .e used to arry 4#PPP lin9s!
2ecommedatios
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only D1s in
hanneli8ed &T4-1s!
5sed =oard +or e;a/ple"
@-CE1
&peifies the .oard that arries the serial interfae!
5sed Port +or e;a/ple"
@-CE1-
1(P$2T-1)
&peifies the port that arries the serial interfae!
High
Channel
(e!g71"3-B)
1C@-1 &peifies the higher order hannel that arries the serial
interfae!
#ow
Channel
(e!g71"3-B)
+or e;a/ple"
1-@
&peifies the lower order hannel that arries the serial
interfae!
B@G
Ti/eslot
(e!g71"3-B)
- &peifies the ti/eslot that arries the serial interfae!
para/eter!
Port 4ode #ayer 3 ,isplays the /ode of the serial interfae!
2ecommedatios
This para/eter an .e set only to !a/er ( on the $pti%
$&' e6uip/ent!
Dnapsulati
on Type
'ull" PPP
,efault7 PPP
&peifies the enapsulation type!
4a; ,ata
Pa9et &i8e
(.ytes)
@B to 1A00
,efault7 1B20
&peifies the /a;i/u/ pa9et length!
#+#&+#&+& Parameters 8or Creatin an .P Group
This setion desri.es the para/eters that are used for reating an 4P group!
Copyright Huawei
3B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield
Value
Rane Description
4P <roup
'u/.er
0 to 2((
+or e;a/ple"
AA
&peifies the I, of the 4P group!
'a/e +or e;a/ple"
4P1
&peifies the na/e of the 4P group!
&peify IP
-ddress
4anually"
=orrow 'D IP
-ddress"
=orrow
Interfae IP
-ddress"
5nspeified
,efault7
4anually
&peifies how to o.tain an IP address for the 4P group!
2ecommedatios
It is reo//ended that you set this para/eter to Mauall/!
IP -ddress +or e;a/ple"
20!0!@!1
&peifies an IP address for the 4P group!
2ecommedatios
Chen %-ecif/ 1) Address is set to Mauall/" set 1)
Address and 1) Mas* aording to the plan!
IP 4as9 +or e;a/ple"
2((!2((!2((!2
(2
&peifies an IP /as9 for the 4P group!
2ecommedatios
Chen %-ecif/ 1) Address is set to Mauall/" set 1)
Address and 1) Mas* aording to the plan!
Peer IP - &peifies an IP address for the 4P groupJs opposite group!
para/eter!
=oard for
=orrowed
IP -ddress
- &peifies the .oard that houses the port whose IP address is
.orrowed to the 4P group!
para/eter!
Port for
=orrowed
IP -ddress
- &peifies the port whose IP address is .orrowed to the 4P
group!
para/eter!
4in
-ti0ated
#in9 Count
1 to 1B
,efault7 1
&peifies the /ini/u/ nu/.er of ati0e lin9s in the 4P
group!
2ecommedatios
&et this para/eter to the sa/e 0alue at .oth ends!
Dna.le
,ifferential
,elay
,isa.led"
Dna.led
,efault7
&peifies whether this lin9 perfor/s pa9et sliing when a
/e/.er lin9 in the 4P group has e;essi0e delay!
2ecommedatios
Copyright Huawei
3B@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield
Value
Rane Description
,isa.led It is reo//ended that this para/eter ta9e its default 0alue!
4a;
,ifferential
,elay (100
/s)
2( to (00
,efault7 (00
&peifies the /a;i/u/ differential delay for the lin9!
2ecommedatios
This para/eter ta9es effet only when Eable ,ifferetial
,ela/ is set to Eabled!
It is reo//ended that Max ,ifferetial ,ela/ 3166 ms4
ta9e its default 0alue at .oth ends of the lin9!
Dna.le
Tunnel
,isa.led"
Dna.led
,efault7
,isa.led
&peifies whether the port identifies and proesses 4P#&
la.els!
2ecommedatios
It is reo//ended that you set this para/eter to Eabled!
If ser0ies ha0e .een onfigured" do not set this para/eter
to ,isabled!
4T5 (.yte) AB0 to 1A00
,efault7 1B20
&peifies an 4T5 for Dthernet pa9ets fro/ the 5'I side!
'alue descri-tio
Chen the length of a pa9et reei0ed .y a port is greater
than the set 4T5 0alue" this pa9et will .e disarded!
2ecommedatios
It is reo//ended that you set this para/eter to 1@26"
whih is the sa/e as the 4T5 for 4P#& ports!
+rag/entati
on &i8e
(.yte)
B@" 12*" 2(B"
(12"
5nfrag/ented
,efault7 B@
&peifies the frag/entation si8e!
'alue descri-tio
If the frag/entation si8e is s/all" the sheduling effiieny
of eah /e/.er lin9 is enhaned! In this ase" pa9et
o0erheads are inreased! -s a result" .andwidth utili8ation
of the lin9 is affeted!
2ecommedatios
#fragmeted!
&et this para/eter to the sa/e 0alue for .oth ends of the
lin9!
&e6uene
'u/.er
Type
Huawei
/ode" #ong
&erial
'u/.er"
&hort &erial
'u/.er
,efault7 &hort
&erial
'u/.er
&peifies the se6uene nu/.er type!
2ecommedatios
&et this para/eter to the sa/e 0alue for .oth ends of the
lin9!
Chen %$ort %erial Number is supported at .oth ends of
the lin9" %$ort %erial Number is preferred!
$&ICP
'egotiation
- &peifies $&ICP negotiation!
Copyright Huawei
3B(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield
Value
Rane Description
para/eter!
&end C2C
=D2
Threshold-
rossing
D0ent
- &peifies whether to send a C2C =D2 threshold-rossing
e0ent" if any!
para/eter!
-0aila.le
Interfae
+or e;a/ple"
@-CE1-
1(&erial-1)
&peifies a0aila.le interfaes!
DCH$
Pa9et
&ending
Period (s)
- ,isplays the DCH$ pa9et trans/ission inter0al!
para/eter!
#+#0 :T! 3A.
#+#0+# Introduction
DTH $-4 enhanes Dthernet #ayer 2 /aintenane funtions and it strongly supports ser0ie
ontinuity 0erifiation" ser0ie deploy/ent o//issioning" and networ9 fault loating!
De6nition
=ased on the 4-C layer" the DTH $-4 protool perfor/s $-4 operations for the Dthernet
.y trans/itting $-4 pa9ets! This protool is irrele0ant to the trans/ission /ediu/! The
$-4 pa9ets are proessed only at the 4-C layer" ha0ing no i/pat on the other layers of
the Dthernet! In addition" as a low-rate protool" the DTH $-4 protool oupies low
.andwidths! Therefore" this protool does not affet ser0ies arried on lin9s!
IT5-T and IDDD ha0e researhes on DTH $-4! Currently" Huawei Dthernet ser0ie
proessing .oards ha0e reali8ed the DTH $-4 funtion" whih o/plies with IDDD *02!1ag
and IDDD *02!3ah! Cherein" IDDD *02!1ag define Dthernet ser0ie $-4 standards" and IDDD
*02!3ah defines Dthernet port $-4 standards! -s shown in +igure 1-13(" the o/.ination of
IDDD *02!1ag and IDDD *02!3ah pro0ides a o/plete Dthernet $-4 solution!
Copyright Huawei
3BB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of IDDD *02!1ag and IDDD *02!3ah
Core ,a#er
:51
C5B
:52
C53
:
:
:
:
C5
1
Router3
.ccess ,a#er
.ccess ,a#er
Custo" ,a#er
Custo" ,a#er
Router1
Router2
2555
802*3a
2555
802*3a
C52
OptiX N5
2555 802*1a)
Dthernet ser0ie $-4 fouses on the /aintenane of end-to-end Dthernet lin9s! =ased
on ser0ies" Dthernet ser0ie $-4 i/ple/ents end-to-end detetion in the unit of
?/aintenane do/ain? and perfor/s seg/ental /anage/ent on eah networ9 seg/ent
that is in0ol0ed in the sa/e ser0ie on a networ9!
Dthernet port $-4 fouses on the /aintenane of point-to-point Dthernet lin9 .etween
two diretly-onneted de0ies in Dthernet in the first /ile (D+4)! Dthernet port $-4
does not fous on a speifi ser0ie! It /aintains the point-to-point Dthernet lin9 .y
perfor/ing $-4 auto-diso0ery" lin9 perfor/ane /onitoring" fault he9" re/ote
loop.a9" and selfloop he9!
Purpose
Cith the ontinuous de0elop/ent of the Dthernet" espeially when #-'s e0ol0e to C-'s"
operators pay /ore attention to e6uip/ent /aintaina.ility! &olutions to operations"
ad/inistration and /aintenane ($-4) in the trans/ission networ9 are re6uired urgently!
Therefore" DTH $-4 is de0eloped!
- o/parison of DTH $-4 and e;isting $-4 and fault loating /ethods is pro0ided as
follows7
Chen a loop.a9 is perfor/ed at a port" all pa9ets on the port are looped .a9!
Therefore" the loop.a9 /ethod annot .e used if only a speifi ser0ie needs to .e
looped .a9!
DTH $-4 an detet hardware faults!
DTH $-4 an detet and loate faults auto/atially!
#+#0+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with DTH $-4!
Copyright Huawei
3B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#0+%+# :thernet Service 3A. .anaement
Dthernet ser0ie $-4 fouses on the /aintenane of end-to-end Dthernet lin9s! It pro0ides
setional and seg/ental /anage/ent o0er the ser0ie flow .y speifying the /aintenane
do/ain" /aintenane assoiation" and /aintenane point!
.P
- /aintenane point (4P) is the funtional entity of Dthernet ser0ie $-4!
Dah 4P has a /aintenane point identifiation (4PI,)! This I, is uni6ue in an entire
/aintenane assoiation (4-)! The infor/ation a.out the 4P is reorded in the 4-C
address ta.le" 4P ta.le" and routing ta.le! The ser0ie type" ser0ie I," and 1#-' tag are
9ey ontents in the 4P onfiguration infor/ation! $ne an 4P is reated suessfully" the
protool pa9et arrying the infor/ation a.out this 4P is periodially .roadast to other 4Ps
that are assoiated with ser0ies! Then" these 4Ps reei0e the protool pa9et and reord the
infor/ation for future use!
4Ps are lassified into 4DPs and 4IPs!
4DP
- /aintenane assoiation end point (4DP) speifies the starting position of an 4-! It
initiates and ter/inates an $-4 pa9et" and is assoiated with ser0ies!
4IP
- /aintenane assoiation inter/ediate point (4IP) annot initiate an $-4 pa9et! It
an respond to and forward an #= or #T pa9et" and an only forward a CC pa9et!
-ll $-4 operations /ust .e initiated .y an 4DP! -n 4IP annot initiate any $-4 operations or send
any $-4 pa9ets" .ut an respond to an $-4 test!
.D
- /aintenane do/ain (4,) refers to a networ9 that re6uires $-4!
$n a networ9" usto/ers" ser0ie pro0iders" and arriers fous on different networ9 seg/ents!
Therefore" /anage/ent o0er different networ9 seg/ents that a ser0ie tra0erses is re6uired!
In addition" different ser0ie flows need .e /anaged separately!
Dthernet ser0ie $-4 /aintains the Dthernet .y perfor/ing end-to-end he9 .ased on
4,s! Cith regard to $-4" an 4, is a olletion of all the 4Ps in a ser0ie appliation!
These 4Ps onsist of 4DPs and 4IPs!
+or a /anage/ent seg/ent to .e /aintained" 4DPs an .e esta.lished at .oth ends so
that the range of the 4, is speified! In addition" 4IPs at other positions in this
/anage/ent seg/ent an .e esta.lished as re6uired! Chen operations are perfor/ed on
these 4Ps" .ased on the relationships and responses .etween the 4Ps" the state of the
whole /anage/ent seg/ent is under ontrol! In this /anner" fault detetion and loating
is ahie0ed!
.A
- /aintenane assoiation (4-) is a do/ain assoiated with ser0ies" and an 4- onsists of
se0eral 4DPs and 4IPs!
Copyright Huawei
3B*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$n an operator networ9" a 1#-' orresponds to a ser0ie instane! $n e6uip/ent" a 1#-'
orresponds to one or /ultiple 4-s! =y di0iding 4-s" you an detet the onneti0ity faults
of a networ9 that trans/its a ertain ser0ie instane!
-n 4- is a part of an 4,! -n 4, an .e di0ided into one 4- or /ultiple 4-s!
The le0el of an 4- is the sa/e as the le0el of the 4, to whih it .elongs!
-n 4DP responds only to $-4 operations initiated .y the 4DPs that .elong to the sa/e 4-! To
ensure orret responses to $-4 operations .etween different 4DPs in an 4-" eah 4DP in the 4-
needs to .e onfigured with the orresponding re/ote 4DPs! That is" an 4DP in the 4- an respond to
the $-4 operations initiated .y its re/ote 4DPs in the 4-!
!ierarchical .anaement
Dthernet ser0ie $-4 adds /anage/ent le0el fields to $-4 protool pa9ets to pro0ide
hierarhial /anage/ent! The higher le0el /anage/ent do/ain an ross the lower le0el
/anage/ent do/ain" .ut the lower le0el /anage/ent do/ain annot ross the higher le0el
/anage/ent do/ain! =ased on suh hierarhial /anage/ent" a ser0ie an .e /aintained
seg/entally and different ser0ie flows an .e /anaged!
+igure 1-13B shows the logial diagra/ of 4, hierarhy!
Figure 1.1 #ogial diagra/ of 4, hierarhy
a $ c ! e f
C5 Operator . :ro/i!er 7ri!)es Operator 7 :ro/i!er 7ri!)es C5
Custo"er >D ,e/e(
Ser/ice :ro/i!er >D ,e/e(
Operator >D ,e/e(
:#sica( >D ,e/e(
7ri!)e %it 7ri!)e :orts
>aintenance 5n! :orts
>aintenance 2nter"e!iate :oints
>aintenance
.ssociation
.2S Con/er)ence Function
,o)ica( pat of CF>
>essa)es
Currently" IDDD *02!1ag supports the eight-le0el hierarhy" fro/ le0el 0 to le0el 3! ?0?
indiates the lowest le0el and ?3? indiates the highest le0el! Dight /aintenane do/ain (4,)
le0els orrespond to usto/ers" ser0ie pro0ides" and arriers!
4, le0els for usto/ers7 3" B" (
4, le0els for ser0ie pro0iders7 @" 3
4, le0els for arriers7 2" 1" 0
Copyright Huawei
3BA
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Hierarhy le0els fro/ the highest to the lowest are as follows7 usto/er 4, le0el > ser0ie
pro0ider 4, le0el > operator 4, le0el!
The dashed lines in the diagra/ show the logial hannels that Dthernet ser0ie $-4 pa9ets
tra0el through! 4ethods for 4Ps at different hierarhies to proess $-4 protool pa9ets are
as follows7
In the ase of the $-4 protool pa9ets whose le0el is higher" 4Ps transparently
trans/it the/!
In the ase of the $-4 protool pa9ets whose le0el is lower" 4Ps disard the/
diretly!
In the ase of the $-4 protool pa9ets whose le0el is the sa/e" 4Ps respond to or
ter/inate the pa9ets aording to the /essage types of these $-4 protool pa9ets!
#+#0+%+% :thernet Service 3A. 3perations
-n Dthernet unit supports a wide range of Dthernet ser0ie $-4 operations" inluding the
ontinuity he9 (CC)" loop.a9 (#=)" and lin9 trae (#T)!
Ta.le 1-13* pro0ides details on Dthernet ser0ie $-4 operations and appliation senarios!
Table 1.1 Dthernet ser0ie $-4 operations and appliation senarios
3peration Name :9planation Application Scenario
CC The onneti0ity .etween
4DPs is deteted through
periodial e;hange of
ontinuity he9 /essages
(CC4s)! This detetion
/ethod is alled ontinuity
he9 (CC)!
NOTE
$nly an 4DP an initiate or
respond to a CC!
The CC /ethod is used to

test unidiretional
onneti0ity of lin9s in
real ti/e!
To further loate a faulty

lin9 on a networ9" the #T
/ethod needs to .e used
as well!
#= The #= /ethod an .e used
to test the status of any 4P
lin9 fro/ the soure 4DP to
the /aintenane do/ain!
NOTE
ter/inate an #= test!
The #= /ethod is used to

test .idiretional
onneti0ity of lin9s!
5nli9e a CC" the #=

/ethod pro0ides one-
ti/e detetion! Oou need
to issue a o//and to
initiate an #= test!
The #= /ethod fails to

loate a speifi faulty
lin9 on a networ9 in one
atte/pt!
#T Co/pared with the #=
/ethod" the #T /ethod is
/ore powerful on fault
loating! That is" the #T
/ethod an loate a faulty
networ9 seg/ent in one
The re/ote loop.a9

/ethod is used to loate
a pro.le/ on site!
The #T /ethod is also

used to loate a fault!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
atte/pt!
NOTE
ter/inate an #T test!
Co/pared with an #= test"

all the 4Ps on a lin9
under an #T test respond
to #T4 fra/es!
-ording to their
responses" all the 4IPs
fro/ the soure 4DP to
the destination 4DP an
.e deter/ined!
-I& ati0ation The alar/ indiation signal
(-I&) is used to report errors
to a higher le0el node in the
ase of DTH $-4! -fter a
fault is deteted .y an 4P" if
this 4P ati0ates the -I&" it
sends the -I& pa9et to a
higher le0el 4P so that the
higher le0el 4P is infor/ed
of the fault infor/ationI if
this 4P does not ati0ate the
-I&" it does not report the
fault!
NOTE
In nor/al ases" if an 4P is set
to le0el n" the le0el of the
usto/er hierarhy that
funtions to suppress the -I&
infor/ation should .e set to
n+1!
The -I& ati0ation /ethod
is used when the fault
infor/ation needs to .e
reported to a higher le0el
4P!
If se0eral 4,s e;ist on
lin9s" to loate a fault
aurately" ati0ate the -I&
and set the le0el of the
usto/er hierarhy that
funtions to suppress the
-I& infor/ation!
#4 The loss /easure/ent (#4)
funtion is an e6uip/ent-
speifi ounter that ounts
the lost fra/es on the
ingress and egress ends of a
lin9! Chen a lin9 .eo/es
faulty" the #4 funtion
helps to analy8e the fault!
Pa9et loss ratio K 'u/.er
of lost fra/es)'u/.er of
fra/es within an inter0al T!
The pa9et loss ratio is
e;pressed as a perentage!
The #4 funtion an .e
single-ended or dual-ended!
The single-ended #4
funtion ounts only the
pa9et loss ratio on the
egress end" and the dual-
ended #4 funtion
ounts the pa9et loss
ratio on the ingress and
The #4 funtion tests the
a0aila.ility of a lin9! -
.idiretional lin9 .eo/es
una0aila.le one it .eo/es
una0aila.le in either
diretion!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
egress ends! Therefore"
the single-ended #4
funtion pro0ides only
pa9et loss ratio" .ut the
dual-ended #4 funtion
ser0es the error
/anage/ent of $-4
infor/ation!
The single-ended #4 is
on-de/and" pro0iding
one-ti/e pa9et loss
ratio! The dual-ended
#4 is ati0e"
periodially and
auto/atially pro0iding
pa9et loss ratio!
NOTE
supports only the single-ended
#4!
,4 The delay /easure/ent
(,4) funtion /easures the
Dthernet ser0ie
trans/ission delay .etween
a pair of 4DPs!
Dah independent
/aintenane end point
(4DP) an perfor/ the ,4
funtion! The ,4 funtion
an .e perfor/ed in two
ways7 $ne-way ,4 and
Two-way ,4!
NOTE
supports only the Two-way
,4!
This funtion helps fault
loating .y using a loop.a9
to /easure the fra/e delay!
+,1 ,ifferent fra/es /ay ha0e
different delays! The fra/e
delay 0ariation (+,1)
/easures the Dthernet
ser0ie trans/ission delay
0ariation .etween a pair of
4DPs .ased on ,4 results!
The +,1 funtion /easures
the fra/e delay 0ariation
.etween 4DPs on a point-
to-point lin9!
2,I The re/ote defet indiation
(2,I) funtion indiates a
loal fault for a peer 4DP!
&ingle-ended error
/anage/ent
2e/ote perfor/ane
he9" refleting a fault
that ourred on the
re/ote end
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#0+%+& :thernet Port 3A. 3perations
The Dthernet unit supports Dthernet port $-4 operations" inluding the $-4 auto-
diso0ery" lin9 perfor/ane /onitoring" re/ote loop.a9" and self-loop test!
Ta.le 1-13A pro0ides details on Dthernet port $-4 operations and appliation senarios!
Table 1.1 Dthernet port $-4 operations and appliation senarios
3peration
Name
:9planation Application
Scenario
Description
$-4 auto-
diso0ery
=y e;hanging
infor/ation $-4
protool data units
($-4P,5s)
periodially" the
loal e6uip/ent is
infor/ed whether its
opposite end
supports the IDDD
*02!3ah $-4
protool!
The e6uip/ent
that supports the
IDDD *02!3ah
$-4 protool is
identified!
If an auto-
diso0ery fails" a
rele0ant alar/ is
reported!
- suessful $-4
auto-diso0ery is a
prere6uisite for
i/ple/enting lin9
perfor/ane
/onitoring and
re/ote loop.a9s!
That is" the lin9
perfor/ane
/onitoring and
loop.a9 funtions
are a0aila.le at a
port only when an
$-4 auto-
diso0ery is
suessful at the
port!
#in9 perfor/ane
/onitoring
The lin9
perfor/ane
/onitoring /ethod
/onitors the .it
error perfor/ane
(errored fra/es or
errored signals) of a
lin9! $n deteting
that .it errors e;eed
the threshold" the
loal end sends a
speifi .it error
e0ent to the opposite
end .y using the
e0ent notifiation
$-4P,5! In this
ase" the opposite
end reports a
rele0ant alar/!
The lin9
perfor/ane
/onitoring
/ethod is used to
/onitor the
perfor/ane of
ser0ies on a lin9
in real ti/e!
The lin9
perfor/ane
/onitoring
/ethod an
preisely analy8e
and /onitor the
lin9 perfor/ane
within a speifi
range!
-ording to
atual
re6uire/ents"
you an set
window 0alues
and threshold
0alues for three
lin9 perfor/ane
e0ents on the
'4&! In this
/anner" whether
the lin9
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
3peration
Name
Scenario
Description
perfor/ane
degrades to the
threshold an .e
deteted!
NOTE
To perfor/
perfor/ane
/easure/ent fro/
different aspets"
lassify lin9
perfor/ane
/onitoring into
errored fra/e e0ent
/onitoring" errored
fra/e seonds
su//ary e0ent
/onitoring" and
errored fra/e period
e0ent /onitoring!
2e/ote loop.a9 The $-4 entity at
the loal end
trans/its a loop.a9
ontrol $-4P,5
to a re/ote $-4
entity to re6uest a
loop.a9! =ased on
the analysis data of
the loop.a9" you
an perfor/ fault
loating and lin9
perfor/ane tests!
The re/ote
loop.a9 /ethod
is used to loate
a pro.le/ on
site!
=y o/paring the
nu/.er of
trans/itted
pa9ets with the
nu/.er of
reei0ed looped-
.a9 pa9ets" the
re/ote loop.a9
/ethod helps to
detet
.idiretional
perfor/ane and
faults of the lin9
fro/ the
loop.a9
initiation end to
the loop.a9
response end!
&elf-loop test -fter the self-loop
test funtion is
ena.led on an
Dthernet unit" you
an detet a self-
loop that ours
when the fi.er in the
trans/it diretion of
a port is onneted
to the sa/e port in
The self-loop test

/ethod helps to
detet a port
loop.a9 and an
intra-.oard
loop.a9!
$ne a loop
ours on a
networ9" the
Copyright Huawei
33@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
3peration
Name
Scenario
Description
the reei0e diretion"
and an intra-.oard
loop.a9 .etween
two onneted ports
on the sa/e .oard!
e6uip/ent an
detet it and
reports a rele0ant
alar/!
#+#0+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations of DTH $-4!
Table 1.1 &peifiations of DTH $-4 (Dthernet &er0ie $-4)
Item Speci6cation
$-4 operation CC
#=
#T
-I& ati0ation
#4
,4
+,1
2,I
'u/.er of supported 4,s $pti% $&' (007 32
$pti% $&' ((07 B@
$pti% $&' (*07 @0AB
NOTE
$pti% $&' (007
4P#& $-4 and 4P#&-TP $-4 share $-4
resoures!
$pti% $&' ((07
4P#& $-4" 4P#&-TP $-4" and DTH $-4
share $-4 resoures!
$pti% $&' (*07
4P#&-TP $-4 and DTH $-4 share $-4
resoures!
'u/.er of supported 4-s $pti% $&' (007 32
$pti% $&' ((07 B@
$pti% $&' (*07 B@
'u/.er of supported 4Ps $pti% $&' (007
4DP7 32
4IP7 32
NOTE
Copyright Huawei
33(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cation
4DPs and 4IPs do not share resoures!
$pti% $&' ((07
4DP7 B@
4IP7 B@
NOTE
4DPs and 4IPs do not share resoures!
$pti% $&' (*07
4DP7 @0AB
4IP7 @0AB
NOTE
4DPs and 4IPs share resoures!
'u/.er of /aintenane points supporting
perfor/ane tests
$pti% $&' (007 32
$pti% $&' ((07 B@
$pti% $&' (*07 20@*
&upported 4P type &tandard 4P (in o/pliane with IDDD
*02!1ag ,raft *!0)
CC4 trans/ission inter0al (in the ase of a
standard 4P)
$pti% $&' (007
D-#ine7 3!3 /s" 10 /s" 100 /s" 1s" 10s" 1

/in" 10 /in
D-#-'7 1s" 10s" 1 /in" 10 /in

$pti% $&' ((07
D-#ine7 3!3 /s" 10 /s" 100 /s" 1s" 10s" 1

/in" 10 /in
D-#-'7 1s" 10s" 1 /in" 10 /in

$pti% $&' (*07
D-#ine7 3!3 /s" 10 /s" 100 /s" 1s" 10s" 1

/in" 10 /in
D-#-'7 3!3 /s" 10 /s" 100 /s" 1s" 10s" 1

/in" 10 /in
Table 1.2 &peifiations of DTH $-4 (Dthernet Port $-4)
Item Speci6cation
$-4 operation -uto-diso0ery
#in9 perfor/ane /onitoring
2e/ote loop.a9
&elf-loop test
4onitoring on error fra/e
e0ents
&upported
4onitoring on error fra/e &upported
Copyright Huawei
33B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cation
seond e0ents
4onitoring on error fra/e
period e0ents
&upported
$-4 /ode -ti0e
Passi0e
#+#0+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with DTH $-4!
The following protools are assoiated with DTH $-47
IDDD *02!1ag7 1irtual =ridged #oal -rea 'etwor9s Y -/end/ent (7 Conneti0ity
+ault 4anage/ent
IDDD *02!3ah7 4edia -ess Control Para/eters" Physial #ayers" and 4anage/ent
Para/eters for &u.sri.er -ess 'etwor9s
IT5-T O!13317 $-4 funtions and /ehanis/s for Dthernet .ased networ9s
#+#0+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the DTH $-4 feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
Copyright Huawei
333
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+#0+4 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for DTH $-4 in the networ9 design
phase and onfiguration and o//issioning phase!
The priniples in the networ9 design phase are as follows!
5imitation
Remar,s
Dthernet ser0ie $-4 'ati0e D-#ine ser0ies
support #4 and ,4 a/ong
all DTH $-4 funtions!
D-#-' ser0ies on 5'Is
support all DTH $-4
funtions e;ept for #4 and
,4!
Chen DTH $-4 is used to
')-
Copyright Huawei
33*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation
Remar,s
test D-#-' ser0ies" the PC
enapsulation /ode an .e
set only to 2aw /ode!
Dthernet port $-4 H5',2 and H5'&3 .oards
on the $pti% $&' (*0 do
not support Dthernet port
$-4!
')-
C+4 $-4 Chen Huawei e6uip/ent is
interonneted with third-
party e6uip/ent" .oth ends
/ust use the IDDD *02!1ag
protool if C+4 $-4 is
re6uired!
4a9e sure that Huawei
e6uip/ent is suessfully
interonneted with third-
party e6uip/ent!
+or the onfiguration of
C+4 $-4" the
/aintenane point (4P)
/ust .e onfigured on the
opposite 'D prior to the
loal 'D! 4a9e sure that the
/aintenane le0el of 4P
and CC period on .oth 'Ds
are the sa/e!
4a9e sure that the opposite
'D is running properly!
-I& If the sin9 /aintenane
point is identified .ased on
the 4P I," CC %tatus /ust
.e set to Acti&e!
,uring -I& ati0ation" -I&
pa9ets /ust .e reported to
a lient le0el higher than the
4, that the 4DP loates!
')-
D-#ine &er0ies Carried .y
PCs (=ased on 1#-'
Priorities)
D-#ine &er0ies Carried .y
PCs (=ased on 1#-'
&withing)
Its annot oe;ist with DTH
$-4!
')-
The priniples in the e6uip/ent onfiguration and o//issioning phases are as follows!
5imitation
Remar,s
Dthernet ser0ie $-4 - loop.a9 (#=) or lin9
trae (#T) test /ay fail
')-
Copyright Huawei
33A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation
Remar,s
when ser0ie ongestion
ours!
Dthernet port $-4 There are two $-4 /odes7
ati0e /ode and passi0e
/ode! $f two
interonneted ends" the
$-4 /ode of at least one
end /ust .e the ati0e
/ode!
4a9e sure that $-4 auto-
diso0ery sueeds!
CC4 trans/ission inter0al The CC4 trans/ission
inter0al an .e set to 3!3 /s"
10 /s" or 100 /s for D-#ine
ser0ies" .ut annot .e set
for D-#-' ser0ies!
$nly the $pti% $&' (00
and $pti% $&' ((0 are
in0ol0ed!
#+#0+* Principles o8 :thernet Service 3A.
Dthernet ser0ie $-4 is ahie0ed through ontinuity he9s" loop.a9 tests" lin9 trae tests"
and $-4HPing tests!
#+#0+*+# I::: 1"%+#a 3A.PDU
The /aintenane funtions of IDDD *02!1ag $-4 are i/ple/ented .y o//uniating
$-4P,5s .etween 4Ps! =eing fa/iliar with IDDD *02!1ag $-4P,5s helps you
understand how all /aintenane funtions of IDDD *02!1ag $-4 are i/ple/ented!
+igure 1-133 shows an IDDD *02!1ag $-4P,5!
Copyright Huawei
3*0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 IDDD *02!1ag $-4P,5
O.> >.C !esti nati on a!!ress
O.> >.C source a!!ress
5ter t#pe @V,.NA
5ter t#pe @O.>A
'#pe ,en)t
Ser/i ce-2D
O.> !ate
Fra"e cec- se?uence
V,.N ta)
V5R O.> t#pe
$-4 4-C destination address7 indiates the 4-C address of a destination 4P!
$-4 4-C soure address7 indiates the 4-C address of a soure 4P!
Dther type (1#-')7 indiates the type of Dthernet data" suh as 0;*100!
1#-' tag7 indiates the 1#-' 0alue of ser0ie traffi!
Dther type ($-4)7 indiates the type of the DTH $-4 protool pa9et! The type of a
standard IDDD *02!1ag $-4 protool pa9et is 0;*A02! The type of a non-standard
(Huawei" draft 3!0) IDDD *02!1ag $-4 protool pa9et is 0;**0A!
$-4 type7 speifies how an 4P differs and responds to 0arious $-4 operations
aording to the types of $-4 pa9ets! +or details on the /apping .etween $-4 type
0alues and types of $-4 pa9ets" see Ta.le 1-1@2!
Table 1.1 4apping .etween $-4 type 0alues and types of $-4 pa9ets
3A. Type 3A.PDU Usae
1 #oop.a9 /essage (#=4) #oop.a9 test
2 #in9 trae /essage (#T4) #in9 trae test
3 Continuity he9 /essage (CC4) Continuity test
@ 4-C 6uery 4-C address 6uery
( #oop.a9 return (#=2) #oop.a9 test
B #in9 trae reply (#T2) #in9 trae test
3 4a-9 4-C address onfir/ation
notifiation
* 4a=roadast 4-C address .roadast
Copyright Huawei
3*1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#0+*+% Continuity Chec,
Continuity he9 (CC) is used to test the lin9 status unidiretionally!
Principles
- soure 4DP onstruts CC4 pa9ets and trans/its the/ periodially! -fter reei0ing a
CC4 pa9et fro/ a soure 4DP" a sin9 4DP diretly ena.les the CC funtion for this soure
4DP!
If the sin9 4DP fails to reei0e a CC4 pa9et fro/ the soure 4DP within a he9 period
(that is" 3!( ti/es the trans/it period)" it reports a speifi alar/ auto/atially! The alar/
lears until the lin9 is restored and the sin9 4DP reei0es a CC4 pa9et fro/ the soure
4DP!
-s shown in +igure 1-13*" the CC funtion is ena.led on 4DP1! 4DP1 trans/its CC4
pa9ets! $n the reeipt of the first CC4 pa9et" 4DP2" 4DP3" and 4DP@ in the sa/e 4,
start their ti/ers so that they an reei0e the CC4 pa9et fro/ 4DP1 periodially! $ne the
lin9 is faulty" the sin9 4DP fails to reei0e the CC4 pa9et within the he9 period! In this
ase" the sin9 4DP reports an alar/! The alar/ lears after the lin9 is restored!
Figure 1.1 Continuity he9 diagra/
>5:B
>5:2
>5:3
V7
V7
>5:1
V7
Chen the CC funtion is ena.led at 4DP1" 4DP2" 4DP3" and 4DP@ at the sa/e ti/e" eah
4DP is .oth the soure end and sin9 end for the CC funtion! In this way" .idiretional
ontinuity tests an .e i/ple/ented!
$nly 4DPs an ena.le CC and .e a reei0e responding end for the he9!
-unction
=ased on a regular he9 /ehanis/" CC is perfor/ed auto/atially after it is onfigured
suessfully! In this way" the lin9 fault he9 and fault auto-diso0ery funtions are ahie0ed!
-dditionally" .roadast protool pa9ets generated with a CC are used to i/ple/ent point-to-
/ultipoint detetion and /ultipoint-to-/ultipoint detetion" espeially the detetion of a
#ayer 2 swithing networ9! In this way" networ9 detetion of an entire 4, is a0aila.le!
Copyright Huawei
3*2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#0+*+& 5oopbac, Test
The loop.a9 (#=) an .e used to test the state of any 4P lin9 fro/ the soure 4DP to the
/aintenane do/ain!
Principles
=ased on the .idiretional ser0ie" the loop.a9 is a test perfor/ed /anually at a ti/e! The
soure 4DP onstruts the loop.a9 /essage (#=4) pa9ets and adds the destination 4-C
addresses to the pa9ets! Chen the pa9ets are trans/itted" the ti/er is started!
-fter reei0ing the #=4 pa9ets" the sin9 4P onstruts the loop.a9 return (#=2) pa9ets
and trans/its the/ .a9 to the soure 4DP! In this ase" the loop.a9 sueeds! If the soure
4DP fails to reei0e the #=2 fro/ the sin9 4P after its ti/er e;pires" the loop.a9 fails!
-s shown in +igure 1-13A" the 4DP1 trans/its the #=4 pa9ets to the sin9 4DP@! -fter
reei0ing the pa9ets" the 4IP2 and 4IP3 in the sa/e /aintenane do/ain detet that the
destination 4PI,s ontained in the pa9ets are different fro/ those of the/! In this ase" the
4IP2 and 4IP3 transparently trans/it the pa9ets! -fter reei0ing the pa9ets" the sin9
4DP@ trans/its the #=2 pa9ets .a9 to the soure 4DP1! -t this /o/ent" the loop.a9 is
o/plete!
Figure 1.1 #oop.a9 test diagra/
,7>
,7R
>5:1 >5:B >2:2 >2:3
$nly the 4DP an initiate the loop.a9 test" while .oth the 4DP and 4IP an .e the reei0e end in the
test!
-unction
The loop.a9 (#=) an .e used to test the state of the lin9 fro/ the soure to any node in the
/aintenane do/ain! -s the sin9 4P an .e the 4IP" the loop.a9 an .e used to loate the
faults! Co/pared with the ontinuity he9" the loop.a9 test is not a ontinuous test!
Therefore" you need start the test /anually eah ti/e!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#0+*+0 5in, Trace Test
Co/pared with the #= test" the lin9 trae (#T) test pro0ides enhaned fault loating
apa.ility! That is" the faulty networ9 seg/ent an .e loated the first ti/e in the #T test!
Principles
The soure 4DP onstruts the lin9 trae /essage (#T4) pa9ets and adds the sin9 4-C
addresses to the pa9ets for trans/ission! -t the sa/e ti/e" the ti/er is started!
-ll 4IPs that .elong to this /aintenane do/ain on the lin9 ontinuously trans/it the #T4
pa9ets to the sin9 4DP! -t the sa/e ti/e" a lin9 trae replay (#T2) pa9et is trans/itted
.a9 to the soure 4DP!
-fter the sin9 4DP reei0es the #T4 pa9ets" the pa9et trans/ission is o/plete! Then the
sin9 4DP trans/its #T2 pa9ets .a9 to the sin9 4DP! In this ase" the lin9 trae test is
suessful! If the soure 4DP fails to reei0e the #T2 fro/ the sin9 4DP after its ti/er
e;pires" the lin9 trae test fails!
-dditionally" a para/eter ?'u/.er of hops? is added to a pa9et that is trans/itted .a9! The
nu/.er of hops is used to indiate the /aintenane point that returns the pa9et on the tested
lin9! If the first 4P that an #T4 pa9et passes is on a sa/e .oard with the soure 4P" the
nu/.er of hops starts fro/ 0! $therwise" the nu/.er of hops starts fro/ 1!
The funtion of the lin9 trae test is si/ilar to the funtion of the loop.a9 test! The differene
.etween the two types of tests is as follows7 In a loop.a9 test" only the sin9 4P responds to
#=4 fra/es" whereas in a lin9 trae test" all 4Ps on the lin9 respond to #T4 fra/es!
-ording to these response /essages" all 4IPs that are in0ol0ed fro/ the soure 4DP to the
sin9 4DP an .e reogni8ed" as shown in +igure 1-1@0!
Figure 1.1 #in9 trae test diagra/
>5:1 >5:B >2:2 >2:3
1
2
,'R
,'>
,'> ,'R
3
,'>
,'R
B
1! The soure 4DP1 trans/its the #T4 pa9ets to the sin9 4DP@!
2! -fter reei0ing the #T4 pa9ets" the 4IP2 trans/its the #T2 pa9ets to the soure
4DP1 and forwards the #T4 pa9ets at the sa/e ti/e!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
@! -fter reei0ing the #T4 pa9ets" the sin9 4DP@ ter/inates the #T4 pa9ets and
trans/its the #T2 pa9ets to the soure 4DP1!
$nly an 4DP an initiate or ter/inate an #T test!
-unction
Co/pared with the #= test" the #T test enhanes the apa.ility of fault loating!
1! Cith infor/ation a.out the 4IPs that return #T2 pa9ets" the path that protool pa9ets
ta9e an .e deter/ined!
2! Chen it is ertain that a lin9 seg/ent in a /aintenane do/ain is faulty" the faulty lin9
seg/ent an .e loated .ased on returned #T2 pa9ets! To .e speifi" lin9 seg/ents
that return #T2 pa9ets are nor/al and lin9 seg/ents that do not return #T2 pa9ets are
faulty!
#+#0+*+2 Per8ormance Detection
This setion desri.es loss /easure/ent (#4) and delay /easure/ent (,4) that are defined
in IT5-T O!1331! These funtions are used for Dthernet ser0ie perfor/ane /onitoring .y
pro0iding fra/e loss ratio (+#2)" fra/e delay" and fra/e delay 0ariation (+,1) .etween two
/aintenane end points (4DPs) on an Dthernet lin9!
Sinle'ended 5.
&ingle-ended #4 is used to ount lost pa9ets on an Dthernet lin9 within a speified period of
ti/e!
#4 an .e perfor/ed in two ways7 dual-ended #4 and single-ended #4! Currently" the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent supports single-ended #4 only! To learn a.out dual-ended #4" see IT5-T O!1331" $-4
funtions and /ehanis/s for Dthernet .ased networ9s!
&ingle-ended #4 is used for on-de/and $-4! That is" a single-ended #4 test is /anually
triggered! In this /ode" a loal 4DP" within a speified period of ti/e" periodially sends
pa9ets with DTH-#4 re6uest infor/ation (DTH-#44) to a re/ote 4DP in the sa/e
/aintenane assoiation (4-)" and reei0es pa9ets with DTH-#4 reply infor/ation (DTH-
#42) fro/ the re/ote 4DP!
#4 is perfor/ed .etween two 4DPs" /easuring the following7
#oal pa9et loss ratio7 pa9et loss statistis in the reei0e diretion of a loal 4DP
2e/ote pa9et loss ratio7 pa9et loss statistis in the trans/it diretion of a loal 4DP
To alulate pa9et loss ratio in the reei0e and trans/it diretions of a loal 4DP" an 4DP /aintains
the following two loal ounters7
T;+Cl7 ounts pa9ets trans/itted to the opposite 4DP!
2;+Cl7 ounts pa9ets reei0ed fro/ the opposite 4DP!
- /aintenane inter/ediate point (4IP) transparently trans/its pa9ets with DTH-#44 and DTH-
#42 infor/ation" without the need to support #4!
+igure 1-1@1 shows the single-ended #4 proess!
Copyright Huawei
3*(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The following onsiders 4DP (PD1) as an e;a/ple to illustrate the single-ended #4 proess! The sa/e
Figure 1.1 &ingle-ended #4 proess
C51 C52 :51 :52
'rans"ission
net%or-
1* Sen!in) an 5'&-,>> fra"e
2* Sen!in) an 5'&-,>R fra"e
6 >5:
'3FCf
'3FCf R3FCf '3FC$
1! - loal 4DP periodially sends an DTH-#44 fra/e to its opposite 4DP! -n DTH-
#44 fra/e ontains the following 0alues7
N T;+Cf7 0alue of loal ounter T;+Cl at the ti/e of DTH-#44 fra/e trans/ission
2! Chen reei0ing a 0alid DTH-#44 fra/e" the opposite 4DP trans/its an DTH-#42
fra/e! -n DTH-#42 fra/e ontains the following 0alues7
N T;+Cf7 0alue of T;+Cf opied fro/ the DTH-#44 fra/e
N 2;+Cf7 0alue of loal ounter 2;+Cl at the ti/e of DTH-#44 fra/e reeption
N T;+C.7 0alue of loal ounter T;+Cl at the ti/e of DTH-#42 fra/e trans/ission
3! 5pon reei0ing an DTH-#42 fra/e" a loal 4DP uses the following 0alues to /a9e
near-end and far-end loss /easure/ents7
N +ra/e lossfar-end K VT;+CfRtS - T;+CfRtpSV - V2;+CfRtS - 2;+CfRtpSV
N +ra/e lossnear-end K VT;+C.RtS - T;+C.RtpSV - V2;+ClRtS - 2;+ClRtpSV
T;+CfRtS" 2;+CfRtS" and T;+C.RtS represent the reei0ed DTH-#42 fra/eJs T;+Cf" 2;+Cf" and
T;+C. respeti0ely! 2;+ClRtS represents the loal ounter 2;+Cl 0alue at the ti/e this DTH-#42
fra/e was reei0ed" where t is the reeption ti/e of the urrent DTH-#42 fra/e!
T;+CfRtpS" 2;+CfRtpS" and T;+C.RtpS represent the pre0ious DTH-#42 fra/eJs T;+Cf" 2;+Cf" and
T;+C. respeti0ely! 2;+ClRtpS represents the loal ounter 2;+Cl 0alue at the ti/e the pre0ious
DTH-#42 fra/e was reei0ed" where tp is the reeption ti/e of the pre0ious DTH-#42 fra/e!
-5R
+#2 is a /easure of the pa9et loss ratio .etween two 4DPs on a point-to-point DTH
onnetion! ,uring the #4" a loal 4DP ounts lost pa9ets" and reords the total nu/.er of
trans/itted pa9ets!
+#2 is alulated as follows!
+#2 K +ra/e loss)Total nu/.er of trans/itted pa9ets
Copyright Huawei
3*B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
T7o';ay D.
Two-way ,4 an .e used to /easure fra/e delay and fra/e delay 0ariation of .idiretional
ser0ie pa9ets on an Dthernet lin9 within a speified period of ti/e!
,4 an .e perfor/ed in two ways7 two-way ,4 and one-way ,4! Currently" the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent supports two-way ,4 only! To learn a.out one-way ,4" see IT5-T O!1331" $-4 funtions
and /ehanis/s for Dthernet .ased networ9s!
Two-way ,4 is used for on-de/and $-4! That is" a two-way ,4 test is /anually triggered!
In this /ode" a loal 4DP" within a speified period of ti/e" periodially sends pa9ets with
DTH-,4 re6uest infor/ation (DTH-,44) to a re/ote 4DP in the sa/e 4-" and reei0es
pa9ets with DTH-,4 reply infor/ation (DTH-,42) fro/ the re/ote 4DP!
-n 4IP transparently trans/its pa9ets with DTH-,44 and DTH-,42 infor/ation" without the need
to support ,4!
+igure 1-1@2 shows the two-way ,4 proess!
The following onsiders 4DP (PD1) as an e;a/ple to illustrate the two-way ,4 proess! The sa/e
Figure 1.1 Two-Cay ,4 proess
C51 C52 :51 :52
'rans"ission
net%or-
1* Sen!in) an 5'&-D>> fra"e
2* Sen!in) an 5'&-D>R fra"e
6 >5:
'3'i"eSta"pf
'3'i"eSta"pf R3'i"eSta"pf '3'i"eSta"p$
1! - loal 4DP periodially sends an DTH-,44 fra/es to its opposite 4DP! -n DTH-
,44 fra/e ontains the following 0alues7
N T;Ti/e&ta/pf7 ti/e of DTH-,44 fra/e trans/ission
2! Chen reei0ing a 0alid DTH-,44 fra/e" the opposite 4DP trans/its an DTH-,42
fra/e! -n DTH-#42 fra/e ontains the following 0alues7
N T;Ti/e&ta/pf7 0alue of T;Ti/e&ta/pf opied fro/ the DTH-,44 fra/e
N 2;Ti/e&ta/pf7 ti/e of DTH-,44 fra/e reeption
N T;Ti/e&ta/p.7 ti/e of DTH-,42 fra/e trans/ission
3! 5pon reei0ing an DTH-,42 fra/e" a loal 4DP uses the following 0alues to /a9e
fra/e delay /easure/ents7
N +ra/e delay K 2;Ti/e. - T;Ti/e&ta/pf (2;Ti/e. represents the reeption ti/e of
the DTH-,42 fra/e!)
This 0alue ontains the ti/e the opposite node handles the ,4 pa9et" and ser0es as
input for fra/e delay 0ariation /easure/ent!
Copyright Huawei
3*3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
N +ra/e delay K (2;Ti/e. - T;Ti/e&ta/pf) - (T;Ti/e&ta/p. - 2;Ti/e&ta/pf)
This 0alue does not ontain the ti/e the opposite node handles the ,4 pa9et" and is
/ore aurate!
-DV
+,1 is a /easure of the delay 0ariations of ser0ie pa9ets .etween two 4DPs on a point-to-
point DTH onnetion! +,1 /easures the Dthernet ser0ie trans/ission delay 0ariation
.etween a pair of 4DPs .ased on ,4 results!
#+#0+1 Principles o8 :thernet Port 3A.
Dthernet port $-4 is ahie0ed through the $-4 auto-diso0ery" lin9 perfor/ane
/onitoring" fault loating" re/ote loop.a9s" and self-loop tests!
#+#0+1+# I::: 1"%+&ah 3A.PDU
-ll /aintenane funtions of IDDD *02!3ah $-4 are i/ple/ented .y o//uniating
$-4P,5s! =eing fa/iliar with IDDD *02!3ah $-4P,5s helps you understand how all
/aintenane funtions of IDDD *02!3ah $-4 are i/ple/ented!
+igure 1-1@3 shows an IDDD *02!3ah $-4P,5!
Figure 1.1 IDDD *02!3ah $-4P,5
D
D
2
1
2
1
B2-1B9D
B
Octets
>.C !esti nati on a!!ress
>.C source a!!ress
'#pe
Su$t#pe
F( a)s fi e( !
Co!e
Data/:a! fi e( !
Fra"e cec- se?uence
4-C destination address7 indiates the low-speed protool /ultiast address whose
0alue is always set to 0;01-*0-C2-00-00-02!
4-C soure address7 indiates the 4-C address of a port!
Type7 indiates the low-speed protool type whose 0alue is always set to 0;**0A!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&u.type7 indiates that the speified type of the low-speed protool is IDDD *02!3ah
$-4" whih is always set to 0;03!
+lags +ield7 speifies so/e i/portant state infor/ation suh as lin9 fault" dying gasp"
and ritial e0ent! The i/ple/entation of the fault loating funtion depends on the state
infor/ation /entioned pre0iously!
Code7 identifies IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool pa9ets of different types! The /ain
pa9et types are infor/ation $-4P,5" e0ent notifiation $-4P,5" and loop.a9
ontrol $-4P,5! They are related to the reali8ation of $-4 auto-diso0ery" lin9
perfor/ane /onitoring" and re/ote loop.a9 respeti0ely! +or details on the /apping
.etween ode 0alues and types of $-4 pa9ets" see Ta.le 1-1@3!
Table 1.1 4apping .etween ode 0alues and types of $-4 pa9ets
Code
Value
3A.PDU Usae
0;00 Infor/ation D;hanges the $-4 infor/ation at the
loal end and the opposite end!
0;01 D0ent notifiation 'otifies the opposite e6uip/ent that .it
error perfor/ane e0ents our on the lin9!
0;02 1aria.le re6uest 2e6uests one or /ultiple speifi 4I=
/essages!
0;03 1aria.le response 2esponds to one or /ultiple speifi 4I=
/essages!
0;0@ #oop.a9 ontrol Dna.les or disa.les a re/ote $-4
loop.a9!
0;0(-
0;+,
2eser0ed 2eser0ed
0;+D $rgani8ation speifi Indiates the seleti0e e;tended $-4P,5
funtion used .y different e6uip/ent
/anufaturers!
0;++ 2eser0ed 2eser0ed
,ata)Pad field7 indiates the $-4P,5 data part" whih is length-0aria.le" with a length
range fro/ @2 .ytes to 1@AB types! This field ontains padded .ytes when an $-4P,5
has less than B@ .ytes (that is" the /ini/u/ length)!
+ra/e he9 se6uene7 indiates a fra/e he9!
#+#0+1+% 3A. Auto'Discovery
=y e;hanging Infor/ation $-4 protool data units ($-4P,5s) periodially" the
e6uip/ent at loal end is infor/ed whether the opposite end supports the IDDD *02!3ah $-4
protool! $-4 auto-diso0ery is a prere6uisite to reali8e the lin9 perfor/ane /onitoring"
fault loating and re/ote loop.a9s!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Principles
-s shown in +igure 1-1@@" when the Code field of the $-4P,5 is 0;00" it indiates that the
$-4P,5 is an Infor/ation $-4P,5 and is used for $-4 auto-diso0ery!
Figure 1.1 Pa9et for/at of an Infor/ation $-4P,5
2nfor"ation '#pe 0302
2nfor"ation ,en)t 0310
O.> Version 0301
Re/ision
State
O.> Confi)uration
O . > : D 0 C o n f i ) u r a t i o n
O02
V e n ! o r S p e c i f i c 2 n f o r " a t i o n
2nfor"ation '#pe 03F5
2nfor"ation ,en)t
O02
O r ) a n i 8 a t i o n S p e c i f i c V a ( u e
O.> Version 0301
Re/ision
State
O.> Confi)uration
O . > : D 0 C o n f i ) u r a t i o n
O02
88-09
0303
0300
01-80-c2-00-00-02
,en)t/'#pe
Su$t#pe
F(a)s
Co!e
FCS
Destination .!!ress
Source .!!ress
2
1
2
1
B 2 - 1 B 9 D
B
D
D
Octets Fie(!s Fi3e! Va(ues
Octets Fie(!s
Fi3e!
Va(ues
INFORMATION
OAMPDU
LOCAL INFORMATION TLV
REMOTE INFORMATION
TLV
ORGANIZATION
SPECIFIC
INFORMATION TLV
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
3
B
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
3
B
Data/:a!
The ,ata field of an Infor/ation $-4P,5 inludes loal infor/ation type-length-0alue
(T#1) do/ain and re/ote infor/ation type-length-0alue (T#1) do/ain! -n $-4
onfiguration .yte is ontained in the T#1 do/ain! Chen the lin9 is nor/al" suessful $-4
auto-diso0ery depends on .it 0alues of the $-4 onfiguration .ytes! In addition" the .it
0alues deide what funtions are perfor/ed after $-4 auto-diso0ery sueeds!
Ta.le 1-1@@ lists details of $-4 onfiguration .ytes!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 ,etails of $-4 onfiguration .ytes
)it Name Description
3-( 2eser0ed These .its are set to 0s when the $-4P,5 is
trans/itted and are ignored when the $-4P,5
is reei0ed!
@ 1aria.le retrie0al

Chen this .it is set to 1" it indiates that the
data ter/inal e6uip/ent (,TD) supports the
trans/ission of 1aria.le 2esponse
$-4P,5s!

,TD does not support the trans/ission of
1aria.le 2esponse $-4P,5s!
3 #in9 e0ents

,TD supports the /onitoring on .it error
perfor/ane (errored fra/es or errored
signals) of lin9s! Chen .it errors ross the
threshold" the .it error e0ent is trans/itted to
the opposite end o0er the speified
$-4P,5!

,TD does not support the /onitoring on .it
error perfor/ane of lin9s!
2 $-4 re/ote loop.a9
support

,TD supports the loop.a9 re6uest of the
re/ote end! Chen the loop.a9 o//and is
issued at the re/ote end" the loal end
trans/its all pa9ets .a9 to the re/ote end"
e;luding $-4P,5 pa9ets!

,TD does not support the re/ote loop.a9!
1 5nidiretional support

loal end an ontinue to trans/it the
$-4P,5 pa9ets to the re/ote end when a
fault ours in the reei0e diretion!

loal end annot trans/it the $-4P,5
pa9ets to the re/ote end when the route
does not wor9 in the reei0e diretion!
0 $-4 /ode

$-4 /ode of the ,TD is set to -ti0e!

$-4 /ode of the ,TD is set to Passi0e!
Chen the loal end wor9s in passi0e /ode"
ertain $-4 funtions are not supported!
+or details" see Ta.le 1-1@(!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.2 4apping .etween $-4 wor9ing /odes and $-4 apa.ilities
3A. Capability 3A. .ode
Active
.ode
Passive
.ode
Initiates $-4 ,iso0ery proess Oes 'o
2eats to $-4 ,iso0ery proess Oes Oes
2e6uired to send Infor/ation $-4P,5s Oes Oes
Per/itted to send D0ent 'otifiation $-4P,5s Oes Oes
Per/itted to send 1aria.le 2e6uest $-4P,5s Oes 'o
Per/itted to send 1aria.le 2esponse $-4P,5s Oes Oes
Per/itted to send #oop.a9 Control $-4P,5s Oes 'o
2eats to #oop.a9 Control $-4P,5s Oes Oes
Per/itted to send $rgani8ation &peifi $-4P,5s Oes Oes
Chen the IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool is ena.led for the port on the Dthernet ser0ie
proessing .oard" Infor/ation $-4P,5s are .roadast periodially! -t the sa/e ti/e"
Infor/ation $-4P,5s fro/ the opposite port are reei0ed and proessed! In this way" two
peer ends e;hange the $-4 infor/ation (inluding $-4 onfiguration infor/ation and
$-4 state infor/ation) to esta.lish the $-4 onnetion .etween the two ends!
-unction
The following funtions are a0aila.le at a port only after $-4 auto-diso0ery is suessful7
lin9 perfor/ane /onitoring" fault loating and loop.a9s! If $-4 auto-diso0ery fails" a
speifi alar/ is reported!
#+#0+1+& 5in, Per8ormance .onitorin
#in9 perfor/ane /onitoring is used to /onitor the .it error perfor/ane (errored fra/es or
errored signals)! Chen the loal end detets that the .it errors ross the threshold" the .it error
e0ent is trans/itted to the opposite end o0er an D0ent 'otifiation $-4P,5! In this ase"
the opposite end reports the alar/ aordingly!
Principles
-s shown in +igure 1-1@(" when the Code field of the $-4P,5 is 0;01" it indiates that the
$-4P,5 is an D0ent 'otifiation $-4P,5 and is used for notifying the .it error
perfor/ane e0ent /utually!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Pa9et for/at of an D0ent 'otifiation $-4P,5
88-09
0303
0301
01-80-c2-00-00-02
,en)t/'#pe
Su$t#pe
F(a)s
Co!e
FCS
Destination .!!ress
Source .!!ress
2
1
2
1
B 2 - 1 B 9 D
B
D
D
ENENT
NOTIFICATION
OAMPDU
S5F05NC5 N0>75R
Data/:a!
Se?uence Nu"$er 2
5/ent '#pe 0301 1
5/ent ,en)t 0328 1
5/ent 'i"e Sta"p 2
5 r r o r e ! S / " $ o ( < i n ! o % 8
5 r r o r e ! S / " $ o ( ' r e s o ( 8
5rrore! S/"$o( 8
5rror Runnin) 'ota( 8
5/ent Runnin) 'ota( B
5/ent '#pe 0302 1
5/ent ,en)t 031. 1
5/ent 'i"e Sta"p 2
5rrore! Fra"e <in!o% 2
5 r r o r e ! F r a " e ' r e s o ( B
5rrore! Fra"es B
5/ent '#pe 0303 1
5/ent ,en)t 031 1
5/ent 'i"e Sta"p C 2
5rrore! Fra"e <in!o% B
5 r r o r e ! F r a " e ' r e s o ( B
5rrore! Fra"es B
5/ent '#pe 030B 1
5/ent ,en)t 0312 1
5/ent 'i"e Sta"p 2
5 r r * F r * S e c * S u " * < i n ! o % 2
5 r r * F r * S e c * S u " * ' r e s o ( 2
5rr*Fr*Sec*Su""ar# 2
5rror Runnin) 'ota( B
5/ent '#pe 03F 1
5/ent ,en)t 5 1
O02 3
O r ) a n i 8 a t i o n S p e c i f i c V a ( u e 3
5RROR5D SK>7O, :5R2OD 5V5N'
5RROR5D FR.>5 5N5N'
5RROR5D FR.>5 :5R2OD 5V5N'
5 R R O R 5 D F R . > 5 S 5 C O N D S S 0 > > . R K
ORG.N2O.'2ON S:5C2F2C 5V5N'
Octets Fie(!s
Fi3e!
Va(ues
To perfor/ perfor/ane /easure/ent fro/ different aspets" lassify lin9 perfor/ane
/onitoring into errored fra/e e0ent /onitoring" errored fra/e seonds su//ary e0ent
/onitoring" and errored fra/e period e0ent /onitoring!
Copyright Huawei
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Condition for triggering errored fra/e e0ents7 Cithin a period of the errored fra/e
/onitor window" the nu/.er of atually reei0ed errored fra/es is greater than the pre-
set threshold 0alue!
The period of the errored fra/e /onitor window indiates the ti/e period for eah errored fra/e
/easure/ent!
Condition for triggering errored fra/e seonds su//ary e0ents7 Cithin the speifi
seonds" the nu/.er of deteted errored fra/e seonds is greater than the pre-set
threshold 0alue!
Chen the nu/.er of deteted errored fra/es is greater than 0 within a seond" this seond is alled an
errored fra/e seond!
Condition for triggering errored fra/e period e0ents7 Cithin the speifi reei0ed
fra/es" the nu/.er of deteted errored fra/es is greater than the pre-set threshold 0alue!
Chen the IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool is ena.led at a port" the protool 6ueries the 24$'
statistial ount of the hardware hip periodially to o.tain the infor/ation suh as the
nu/.er of aurate pa9ets and the nu/.er of error pa9ets! Oou an find out whether the
preeding three perfor/ane e0ents our after proessing the infor/ation! If a perfor/ane
e0ent ours" the opposite end is infor/ed of this e0ent o0er an D0ent 'otifiation
$-4P,5! -fter reei0ing the notifiation" the opposite end reports the related alar/ for
/aintenane personnel to perfor/ trou.leshooting!
-unction
The lin9 perfor/ane /onitoring funtion is used to preisely analy8e and /onitor the lin9
perfor/ane within a speifi range!
-ording to atual re6uire/ents" users an set window 0alues and threshold 0alues for the
preeding three lin9 perfor/ane e0ents on the 52000! In this /anner" whether the lin9
perfor/ane degrades to the threshold an .e deteted!
#+#0+1+0 -ault 5ocatin
The $-4 entity trans/its the faults (inluding lin9 faults" dying gasps" ritial e0ents)
deteted .y the loal end o0er the flag field defined .y the $-4P,5 to the re/ote end! In
this way" the fault notifiation is reali8ed!
Principles
Chen faults are deteted in the reei0e diretion at the port" suh as fi.er .rea9s" optial
/odule /is/ath and e;essi0ely high optial power" the IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool is
infor/ed of these faults through the hardware /odule! Then the protool /odifies .its 0-2
that orrespond to the flag field of the $-4P,5! In this way" the D0ent 'otifiation
$-4P,5s are onstruted and trans/itted to the opposite e6uip/ent! -ording to the flag
fields of the $-4P5,s" the opposite e6uip/ent an he9 whether faults our at the
opposite entity and what fault types are! =ased on the results" the opposite e6uip/ent reports
the fault alar/s! In this way" the fault loating is reali8ed!
Copyright Huawei
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-unction
-fter the IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool is ena.led at a physial port on an Dthernet ser0ie
proessing .oard" it is 9nown that a lin9 fault ours in the reei0e diretion of the opposite
e6uip/ent if the loal end reports a fault alar/!
#+#0+1+2 Remote 5oopbac,
The $-4 entity at the loal end trans/its a #oop.a9 Control $-4P,5 to the re/ote
$-4 entity for applying for a loop.a9! =ased on loop.a9 data analysis" fault loating and
lin9 perfor/ane tests are perfor/ed!
Principles
-s shown in +igure 1-1@B" when the Code field of the $-4P,5 is 0;0@" it indiates that the
$-4P,5 is a #oop.a9 Control $-4P,5 and is used for loop.a9 tests!
Figure 1.1 Pa9et for/at of a #oop.a9 Control $-4P,5
88-09
0303
030B
01-80-c2-00-00-02
,en)t/'#pe
Su$t#pe
F(a)s
Co!e
FCS
Destination .!!ress
Source .!!ress
2
1
2
1
1IB1
B
D
D
LOOPBACK
CONTROL OAMPDU
Data/:a!
R e " o t e , o o p $ a c - C o " " a n ! 0301 1
R e " o t e , o o p $ a c - C o " " a n ! 0302 1
Octets Fie(!s
Fi3e!
Va(ues
ENABLE REMOTE
LOOPBACK COMMAND
DISABLE REMOTE
LOOPBACK COMMAND
The loop.a9 trans/it end trans/its a #oop.a9 Control $-4P,5 to the opposite end first!
-fter reei0ing the $-4P,5" the opposite end he9s whether it an respond to a re/ote
loop.a9! If it an respond to a re/ote loop.a9" the opposite end enters the re/ote loop.a9
response state and trans/its a response pa9et to the end that initiates the loop.a9!
-fter reei0ing the response pa9et fro/ the response end" the trans/it end analy8es the
pa9et to onfir/ that the opposite end is in a loop.a9 response state! Then" the trans/it end
starts the loop.a9! In this way" the whole proess of loop.a9 initiation is o/plete!
,uring the entire loop.a9" the trans/it trails of the data pa9ets are /ar9ed .y arrows in the
+igure 1-1@3!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.2 Trans/it trails of the data pa9ets
Loa"
C(ient
,,C
>.C C'R,
>.C
RS
:CS
:>.
:>D
>5D20>
O.>
0e)ote
C(ient
,,C
>.C C'R,
>.C
RS
:CS
:>.
:>D
>5D20>
O.>
T7 07 T7 07
Port that initiates the loop.a97
Trans/it diretion7 Trans/its all 9inds of pa9ets" inluding $-4 protool pa9ets and
data ser0ie pa9ets!
2eei0e diretion7 D;trats only the $-4 protool pa9ets and disards other pa9ets!
Port that responds to the loop.a97
2eei0e diretion7 Trans/its all pa9ets" e;luding the $-4 protool pa9ets" .a9 to
its trans/it end!
Trans/it diretion7 Trans/its only the pa9ets that are looped .a9 in the reei0e
diretion!
,uring the loop.a9" the $-4 protool pa9ets are trans/itted and reei0ed nor/ally at .oth the
loop.a9 initiation end and loop.a9 response end!
-unction
The loop.a9 is a /ethod to loate the faults and test the perfor/ane! Co/pare the nu/.er
of trans/itted pa9ets with that of looped-.a9 pa9ets! The result an .e used to detet lin9
perfor/ane and lin9 faults .idiretionally fro/ the loop.a9 initiation end to the loop.a9
response end!
#+#0+1+4 Sel8'5oop Test
Chen the self-loop test is ena.led on the Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oard" you an detet
the self-loop state at one port! That is" a fi.er is onneted fro/ the trans/it end to the reei0e
end at one port! 4oreo0er" you an detet the intra-.oard loop.a9 fro/ the trans/it port to
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
the reei0e port on the sa/e .oard! Chen pre0ious two self-loops are deteted" an alar/ is
reported! In this ase" you an .lo9 the port where the self-loop ours!
Principles
The self-loop test is a funtion de0eloped .y Huawei on the .asis of the IDDD *02!3ah
protool! =y testing and .lo9ing the self-loop port" you an sol0e the port loop.a9
pro.le/s!
&elf-loop test pa9ets are onstruted as IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool pa9ets! The pa9et
type is set to the reser0ation type B! The first eight signifiant reser0ed .its in the flag field are
used to arry the I, of the trans/it port!
Chen the self-loop test is ena.led at a port" the speified self-loop he9 pa9ets are
trans/itted fro/ the port! $ne pa9et is trans/itted e0ery seond!
Chen a port reei0es the self-loop he9 pa9ets" it o/pares the soure 4-C address
arried in the pa9et with its own 4-C address! If the 4-C addresses are the sa/e" it
indiates that the loal port and the opposite port are loated on the sa/e Dthernet ser0ie
proessing .oard! Then" it o/pares the I,s of the two ports! If the I,s are the sa/e" it
indiates that the two ports are the sa/e port! That is" this loop.a9 is a self-loop! If the I,s
are different" it indiates that this loop.a9 is an intra-.oard self-loop!
-unction
-fter the self-loop test funtion is ena.led at all ports on the e6uip/ent" a ring networ9 an .e
deteted if it ours during networ9ing" and speifi alar/s are reported! In addition" if the
shutdown on self-loop funtion is ena.led at a port" the protool auto/atially shuts down the
port if a self-loop ours at the port!
#+#0+/ Con6urin :thernet Service 3A.
The Dthernet ser0ie $-4 funtion perfor/s end-to-end /aintenane on Dthernet ser0ies!
#+#0+/+# Creatin an .D
- /aintenane do/ain (4,) defines the range and le0el of the Dthernet $-4! 4,s of
different ranges and le0els an pro0ide users with differentiated $-4 ser0ies!
PrereBuisites
The orresponding .oard /ust .e added on the NE )ael!
52000
Procedure
Step # &elet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
Cofiguratio > Et$eret OAM Maagemet > Et$eret %er&ice OAM Maagemet
fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the Maiteace Associatio ta.!
Copyright Huawei
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Step & Choose New > New Maiteace ,omai!
The syste/ displays the New Maiteace ,omai dialog .o;!
Step 0 &et the para/eters of the 4,!
,uring the onfiguration of Dthernet ser0ie $-4 .ased on 4P#& PC" Maiteace ,omai !e&el
/ust .e greater than 7I during the onfiguration of Dthernet ser0ie $-4 .ased on 4P#& tunnel" there
is no suh a rule!
Step 2 Cli9 OK" and then lose the dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
#+#0+/+% Creatin an .A
-n 4, an .e di0ided into se0eral independent /aintenane assoiations (4-s)! =y reating
4-s" you an assoiate speifi Dthernet ser0ies with 4-s! This failitates Dthernet $-4
operations!
PrereBuisites
The 4, /ust .e reated!
The Dthernet ser0ie /ust .e reated!
52000
Procedure
Step & &elet the /aintenane do/ain in whih a /aintenane assoiation needs to .e reated!
Choose New > New Maiteace Associatio!
The syste/ displays the New Maiteace Associatio dialog .o;!
Step 0 &et the para/eters of the 4-!
Cli9 in 2ele&at %er&ice! &elet the orresponding ser0ies in the %elect %er&ice dialog
.o; that is displayed!
Copyright Huawei
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....Ed
#+#0+/+& Creatin an .:P Point
-n 4DP is the starting and end positions of all the $-4 pa9ets! =y reating an 4DP" you
an he9 the Dthernet hannel of the 4DPs that .elong to a sa/e 4- through the $-4
operation!
PrereBuisites
The 4- /ust .e reated!
52000
Procedure
Step & &elet the /aintenane assoiation in whih an 4DP needs to .e reated! Choose New > New
ME) )oit!
The syste/ displays the New ME) Maiteace )oit dialog .o;!
Step 0 &et the para/eters of the 4DP point!
If the sin9 /aintenane point is identified .ased on the 4P I," CC %tatus /ust .e set to Acti&e!
Copyright Huawei
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....Ed
#+#0+/+0 Creatin Remote .:Ps in an .A
To ensure that an 4DP an respond to the $-4 operations initiated .y the other 4DPs in the
sa/e 4-" you need to set the other 4DPs to .e the re/ote 4DPs of this 4DP!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step & Choose OAM > Maage 2emote ME) )oit! Then" the Maage 2emote ME) )oit
dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 Cli9 New!
Then" the Add Maiteace Associatio 2emote Maiteace )oit dialog .o; is
displayed!
Step 2 &et the para/eters of the new re/ote 4DPs!
....Ed
#+#0+/+2 Creatin an .IP
The /aintenane assoiation inter/ediate points (4IPs) an respond to speifi $-4
pa9ets! =y reating an 4IP" you an di0ide the Dthernet lin9 .etween the 4DPs in the sa/e
4- into se0eral seg/ents" therefore failitating the detetion of the Dthernet lin9!
PrereBuisites
Copyright Huawei
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,uring the onfiguration of Dthernet ser0ie $-4 .ased on 4P#& PC" the 4DP needs to .e onfigured
on .oth ends of a PC" .ut the 4IP does not need to!
52000
Procedure
Step % Cli9 the M1) )oit ta.!
Step & &elet the /aintenane do/ain in whih an 4IP needs to .e reated" and then li9 New!
Then" the New M1) Maiteace )oit dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 &et the para/eters of the new 4IP!
Step 2 Cli9 OK! Then" lose the dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
#+#0+/+4 Per8ormin a CC Test
-fter the ontinuity he9 (CC) test" the unidiretional lin9 status an .e he9ed
auto/atially and periodially! If the lin9 .eo/es faulty after the CC test is started at the
soure end" the sin9 e6uip/ent reports the orresponding alar/!
PrereBuisites
The 4DP /ust .e reated!
The re/ote 4DPs /ust .e reated!
52000
)ac,round In8ormation
$nly the 4DP an ena.le the CC test and funtion as the reei0ing and responding end
in the test!
Copyright Huawei
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,uring the CC he9" the soure 4DP onstruts and trans/its ontinuity he9 /essage
(CC4) pa9ets periodially! -fter reei0ing a CC4 pa9et fro/ a soure 4DP" a sin9
4DP diretly ena.les the CC funtion for this soure 4DP! If the sin9 4DP fails to
reei0e the CC4 pa9ets fro/ the soure 4DP within the he9 period (that is" 3!( ti/es
of the trans/it period)" it reports the alar/ auto/atially!
Perfor/ing a CC test does not affet the ser0ies!
Procedure
Step & &elet the 4DP where you need to perfor/ the CC test and then hoose OAM > Acti&ate
CC!
- dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful!
=efore the CC test" you an set CC Test Trasmit )eriod aording to the atual re6uire/ents!
To disa.le a CC test" selet the 4DP where the CC test is perfor/ed and then hoose OAM >
,eacti&ate!
-lternati0ely" you an ena.le a CC test .y right-li9ing an 4DP and then hoosing Acti&ate CC
-lternati0ely" you an disa.le a CC test .y right-li9ing an 4DP and then hoosing ,eacti&ate CC
Step 0 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+#0+/+* Per8ormin an 5) Test
,uring a loop.a9 (#=) test" you an he9 the .idiretional onneti0ity .etween the soure
4DP and any 4DP in the sa/e /aintenane assoiation (4-)!
PrereBuisites
The soure and sin9 4DPs in the sa/e /aintenane do/ain /ust .e reated!
The CC funtion /ust .e ena.led!
Copyright Huawei
@02
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52000
$nly 4DPs an initiate the #= test and funtion as the reei0e end in the test!
,uring the #= test" the soure 4DP onstruts and trans/its the #=4 fra/es and starts
the ti/er! If the sin9 4P reei0es the #=4 fra/es" it sends the #=2 fra/es .a9 to the
soure 4DP! This indiates that the loop.a9 is suessful! If the soure 4DP ti/er
ti/es out" it indiates that the loop.a9 fails!
Perfor/ing an #= test does not affet the ser0ies!
Procedure
Step & &elet the /aintenane do/ain and /aintenane assoiation for the #= test!
Step 0 Choose OAM > %tart !B!
Then" the !B Test dialog .o; is displayed!
To ena.le an #= test" you an also right-li9 an 4DP and then hoose %tart !B fro/ the shortut
/enu!
Step 2 &elet the /ethod for identifying the destination 4P and set the para/eters in0ol0ed in the
#= test!
To identify the destination 4P aording to the 4P I," selet ,estiatio Maiteace )oit 1,!
To identify the destination 4P aording to the 4-C address" selet ,estiatio Maiteace
)oit MAC! -fter seleting ,estiatio Maiteace )oit MAC" /anually opy the 4-C
address of the port at whih the sin9 4P is onfigured to the 0alue field of ,estiatio
Maiteace )oit MAC! &ee &etting the -d0aned -ttri.utes of Dthernet Ports for the na0igation
path of the 4-C address of the port at whih the sin9 4P is onfigured!
Step 4 Cli9 %tart Test! Then" the #= test result is displayed in the ,etectio 2esult window!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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#+#0+/+1 Per8ormin an 5T Test
=ased on the #= test" the lin9 trae (#T) test further i/pro0es the apa.ility to loate faults!
That is" the faulty networ9 seg/ent an .e loated aording to the 4IP through only one test!
PrereBuisites
The soure and sin9 4DPs in the sa/e 4, /ust .e reated!
The CC funtion /ust .e ena.led!
52000
$nly 4DPs an initiate the #T test and wor9 as the ter/ination point in the test!
,uring the #T test" the soure 4DP onstruts and trans/its the #T4 fra/es and starts
the ti/er! -ll the 4Ps that reei0e the #T4 fra/es send the #T2 fra/e response!
-ording to the #T2 fra/e response" you an identify all the 4IPs that are in0ol0ed
fro/ the soure 4DP to the sin9 4DP!
Perfor/ing an #T test does not affet the ser0ies!
Procedure
Step & &elet the /aintenane do/ain and /aintenane assoiation for the #T test!
Step 0 Choose OAM > %tart !T!
Then" the !T Test dialog .o; is displayed!
To ena.le an #T test" you an also right-li9 an 4DP and then hoose %tart !T fro/ the shortut /enu!
Step 2 &elet the /ethod for identifying the destination 4P and set the para/eters in0ol0ed in the #T
test!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
To identify the destination 4P aording to the 4P I," selet ,estiatio Maiteace )oit 1,!
To identify the destination 4P aording to the 4-C address" selet ,estiatio Maiteace
)oit MAC! -fter seleting ,estiatio Maiteace )oit MAC" /anually opy the 4-C
address of the port at whih the sin9 4P is onfigured to the 0alue field of ,estiatio
Maiteace )oit MAC! &ee &etting the -d0aned -ttri.utes of Dthernet Ports for the na0igation
path of the 4-C address of the port at whih the sin9 4DP is onfigured!
Step 4 Cli9 %tart Test! Then" the #T test result is displayed in the ,etectio 2esult window!
....Ed
#+#0+/+/ Activatin the AIS
-fter a fault is deteted .y an 4DP" if this 4DP ati0ates the -I&" it sends the -I& pa9et to a
higher le0el 4DP so that the higher le0el 4DP is infor/ed of the fault infor/ation!
PrereBuisites
The soure and sin9 4DPs in the sa/e 4, /ust .e reated!
52000
Procedure
Step & &elet the 4, and 4- where the 4DP is loated!
Step 0 &elet the node to .e /onitored! &et the following para/eters!
-I& -ti0e &tatus7 -ti0e
-I& Trans/it Period7 1s
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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#+#0+/+#" .onitorin Per8ormance
4onitoring perfor/ane refers to the /onitoring of Dthernet ser0ie perfor/ane!
PrereBuisites
The soure and sin9 4DPs in the sa/e /aintenane do/ain ha0e .een reated!
The re/ote 4DP has .een reated!
52000
Currently" perfor/ane /onitoring applies only to 1#-'-.ased 'ati0e D-#ine ser0ies!
Procedure
Step % 2ight-li9 under ME) )oit and hoose Browse )erformace fro/ the shortut /enu!
Step & In the )erformace Maagemet dialog .o;" /onitor perfor/ane and 0iew the
perfor/ane statistis!
....Ed
#+#0+#" Con6urin :thernet Port 3A.
The Dthernet port $-4 funtion perfor/s point-to-point /aintenane on Dthernet lin9s!
#+#0+#"+# :nablin the 3A. Auto'Discovery -unction
The IDDD *02!3ah $-4 is reali8ed .ased on the $-4 auto-diso0ery! -fter the $-4 auto-
diso0ery sueeds" the e6uip/ent auto/atially /onitors the fault and perfor/ane of the
lin9!
Copyright Huawei
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PrereBuisites
52000
The $-4 auto-diso0ery is reali8ed through the auto-negotiation .etween the loal
e6uip/ent and the opposite e6uip/ent! If the negotiation fails" the loal e6uip/ent reports an
alar/! -fter the $-4 auto-diso0ery sueeds" the lin9 perfor/ane is /onitored aording
to the errored fra/e threshold! Oou an set the errored fra/e threshold on the '4&!
Procedure
Cofiguratio > Et$eret OAM Maagemet > Et$eret )ort OAM Maagemet fro/
the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the OAM )arameters ta.!
Step & &elet the port" and set OAM "or*ig Mode!
The $-4 /ode inludes the ati0e /ode and the passi0e /ode! +or two interonneted syste/s"
the $-4 /ode of either or .oth syste/s /ust .e the ati0e /ode! $therwise" the $-4 auto-
diso0ery fails!
If the $-4 /odes of the two syste/s are .oth passi0e /odes" a fault ours on the line" or one
syste/ fails to reei0e the $-4 protool /essage within fi0e seonds" an alar/ is reported"
indiating that the $-4 auto-diso0ery fails!
Step 0 &et Eable OAM )rotocol to Eabled!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/" and then lose the displayed pro/pt dialog .o;!
Step 4 Cli9 the 2emote OAM )arameter ta.! Cli9 +uer/ to o.tain the $-4 apa.ility of the
opposite end" and then lose the displayed pro/pt dialog .o;!
....Ed
#+#0+#"+% :nablin the 5in, :vent Noti6cation
-fter the lin9 e0ent notifiation is ena.led on the loal e6uip/ent" if the $-4 detets a lin9
fault and lin9 perfor/ane e0ent" the opposite e6uip/ent is infor/ed!
PrereBuisites
The $-4 auto-diso0ery operation /ust .e suessful on the e6uip/ent at .oth ends!
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52000
-fter the $-4 auto-diso0ery operation is suessful at .oth ends" the lin9 fault detetion
and perfor/ane detetion are auto/atially started!
To report the deteted lin9 fault e0ent to the opposite e6uip/ent" you need to set !i*
E&et Notificatio to Eabled for the loal e6uip/ent!
To report the deteted lin9 perfor/ane e0ent to the opposite e6uip/ent" you need to set
!i* E&et Notificatio to Eabled and set Error Frame )eriod "idow 3ms4 and
Error Frame Moitor T$res$old 3frame4 for the loal e6uip/ent!
-fter !i* E&et Notificatio is set to Eabled at the opposite port" if the opposite end
detets lin9 perfor/ane degradation" you an 6uery the alar/" whih is reported on the
loal end" .y using the '4&! -ording to the alar/" you an deter/ine the type of the
lin9 perfor/ane e0ent!
-fter !i* E&et Notificatio is set to Eabled at the opposite port" if the opposite
e6uip/ent detets a lin9 fault e0ent" you an 6uery the alar/" whih is reported at the
loal end" .y using the '4&! -ording to the alar/" you an deter/ine the fault type!
Procedure
the +untion Tree!
Step & &elet the orresponding port and set !i* E&et Notificatio to Eabled!
....Ed
#+#0+#"+& .odi8yin the 3A. :rror -rame .onitorin
Threshold
The threshold for the $-4 error fra/e /onitoring is a standard for the $-4 to detet the
lin9 perfor/ane! <enerally" the default 0alue is used! Oou an hange the 0alue aording to
the situation of the lin9!
PrereBuisites
The IDDD *02!3ah $-4 funtion /ust .e ena.led on the re/ote e6uip/ent and the
$-4 auto-diso0ery operation /ust .e suessful on the e6uip/ent at .oth ends!
Copyright Huawei
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52000
If the loal e6uip/ent detets a lin9 e0ent in the reei0e diretion" it infor/s the opposite
e6uip/ent of the lin9 e0ent if the following onditions are /et7 (1) The $-4 auto-diso0ery
operation is suessfulI (2) the lin9 e0ent notifiation funtion is ena.led at the loal
e6uip/entI (3) Error Frame )eriod "idow 3ms4 and Error Frame Moitor T$res$old
3frame4 are set at the loal e6uip/ent! If the lin9 e0ent notifiation funtion is also ena.led at
the opposite e6uip/ent" the opposite e6uip/ent an also infor/ the loal e6uip/ent of its
deteted lin9 e0ent" and a orresponding alar/ is reported at the loal e6uip/ent!
Procedure
the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the OAM Error Frame Moitor ta.!
Step & &elet the port and set the para/eters in the OAM Error Frame Moitor ta. page!
....Ed
#+#0+#"+0 Per8ormin a Remote 5oopbac,
-fter the Dthernet port on the loal e6uip/ent sends data to the port on the interonneted
e6uip/ent" the loal end an re6uest the opposite end to return the data!
PrereBuisites
The $-4 auto-diso0ery operation /ust .e suessful at .oth ends of the lin9!
$n the e6uip/ent that initiates the loop.a9" OAM "or*ig Mode /ust .e set to
Acti&e!
The e6uip/ent that responds to the loop.a9 /ust support the re/ote loop.a9!
52000
If a port is apa.le of responding to loop.a9s" it enters the loop.a9 responding state
and reports the loop.a9 responding alar/ after reei0ing the o//and of ena.ling the
re/ote loop.a9 funtion sent fro/ the opposite $-4 port! In this ase" the e6uip/ent
that initiates the loop.a9 enters the loop.a9 initiating state and reports the loop.a9
initiating alar/!
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<enerally" after the re/ote loop.a9 funtion is ena.led" ser0ie pa9ets" e;ept the
$-4P,5" are looped .a9 at the re/ote end!
-fter using the re/ote loop.a9 funtion to o/plete the fault loating and the lin9
perfor/ane detetion" you need to disa.le the re/ote loop.a9 funtion at the end
where the loop.a9 is initiated and then restore the ser0ies! -t this ti/e" the alar/ is
auto/atially leared!
Procedure
the +untion Tree!
Step & &elet the port and set 2emote %ide !oo-bac* 2es-ose to Eabled!
Step 2 Choose Eable 2emote !oo-bac* fro/ the drop-down /enu of OAM! Then" lose the
dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
#+#0+#"+2 :nablin Sel8'5oop Detection
-fter ena.ling the self-loop detetion on an Dthernet port" you an he9 the loop.a9 of the
port and the loop.a9 .etween the port and other Dthernet ports on the sa/e .oard!
PrereBuisites
The re6uired .oard is already added on the NE )ael!
-ll the e;ternal physial ports on the Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oard /ust .e ena.led!
52000
-fter the self-loop detetion is ena.led at an Dthernet port" the alar/ is reported if a self-loop
ours at the port!
Procedure
Cofiguratio > 1terface Maagemet > Et$eret 1terface fro/ the +untion Tree!
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Step % Cli9 the Ad&aced Attributes ta.!
Step & &et !oo-bac* C$ec* to Eabled!
....Ed
#+#0+## Relevant Alarms and :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents assoiated with DTH $-4!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
DTHHD+4H,+ Point-to-point $-4 negotiation o0er Dthernet ports fails!
DTHHD+4H2D4
+-5#T
The loal end reei0es an $-4P,5 /essage indiating opposite-end
faults fro/ the opposite end!
DTHHD+4HD1D
'T
The loal end reei0es an $-4P,5 /essage indiating lin9 errors
fro/ the opposite end!
DTHHD+4H#$$
P=-CG
The loal end triggers a loop.a9 or responds to the loop.a9 re6uest
DTH$-4H&D#+
H#$$P
- point-to-point $-4 port loop ours!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to DTH $-4!
#+#0+#% Parameters 8or Con6urin :thernet Service
3A.
4ultiple Dthernet ser0ie $-4 funtions are supported!
#+#0+#%+# :thernet Service 3A. .anaement
Oou an 6uery" reate" delete" and /odify /aintenane points" and an trigger the $-4
/aintenane funtion!
Ta.le 1-1@B lists para/eters for Dthernet ser0ie $-4 /anage/ent!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for Dthernet ser0ie $-4 /anage/ent
4aintenane ,o/ain 'a/e * .ytes &peifies the na/e of a
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+or e;a/ple" Inter'D /aintenane do/ain!
4aintenane ,o/ain #e0el 0 to 3
,efault 0alue7 @
Maiteace ,omai
!e&el indiates the le0el of a
/aintenane do/ain (4,)!
The 4, le0el restrits the
$-4 appliation sope!
0 to 27 Custo/er
3 to @7 &er0ie Pro0ider
( to 37 $perator
1m-act O t$e %/stem
In one 4," the $-4
pa9ets at the sa/e 4,
le0el an .e trans/itted and
reei0edI the $-4 pa9ets
at a higher 4, le0el are
transparently trans/ittedI
the $-4 pa9ets at a lower
4, le0el are diretly
disarded!
Cofiguratio 9uidelies
- larger 0alue indiates a
higher 4, le0el! The
para/eter le0el defines the
/aintenane sope of $-4
operations!
4aintenane -ssoiation
'a/e
* .ytes
+or e;a/ple" 4-1
&peifies the na/e of a
/aintenane assoiation
(4-)!
2ele0ant &er0ie &er0ie I, L &er0ie na/e
+or e;a/ple" 10-ser0ie
&elets a ser0ie!
CC Test Trans/it Period

D-#ine7 3!3 /s" 10 /s"
100 /s" 1s" 10s" 1 /in"
10 /in
D-#-'7 1s" 10s" 1 /in" 10

/in
&peifies the trans/it period
for a ontinuity he9 (CC)
pa9ets!
- CC test is perfor/ed to
he9 ser0ie ontinuity!
'ode D;a/ple7 3-D4B+-1(Port-1) &peifies a /aintenane
assoiation end point
(4DP)!
1#-' +or e;a/ple" ( ,isplays the 1#-' of the
/onitored ser0ie!
4DP I, +or e;a/ple" B &peifies the I, of an 4DP!
4IP I, +or e;a/ple" 3 &peifies the I, of a
/aintenane assoiation
inter/ediate point (4IP)!
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,iretion Ingress" Dgress &peifies the diretion of an
4DP!
CC &tatus -ti0e" Inati0e
,efault 0alue7 -ti0e
CC %tatus indiates whether
the ontinuity he9
funtion of an 4DP is
ati0ated!
1m-act O t$e %/stem
If CC is ati0ated" the
.andwidth is used!
If CC is re6uired" set Acti&e!
$therwise" selet 1acti&e!
2elatios$i- wit$ Ot$er
)arameters
-I& -ti0e &tatus -ti0e" ,eati0e
,efault 0alue7 ,eati0e
&peifies or displays -I&
ati0ation statuses!
Client #ayer #e0el 1 to 3
,efault 0alue7 3
&peifies or displays lient
layer le0els!
Collet Proati0e $-4
Pa9ets
Oes" 'o &peifies whether to ollet
proati0e $-4 pa9ets! The
options are as follows7
<es7 ollets *02!1ag

protool pa9ets" suh as
CC4 pa9ets!
No7 does not ollet

*02!1ag protool pa9ets"
suh as CC4 pa9ets!
=efore /easuring #4
.etween two types of 'Ds"
set Collect )roacti&e OAM
)ac*ets to No if the two
'Ds use different /ethods
to ollet statistis on
0arious 4D< le0els of
*02!1ag protool pa9ets! If
the two 'Ds use the sa/e
/ethod" set Collect
)roacti&e OAM )ac*ets to
<es or No!
The 0alue of Collect
)roacti&e OAM )ac*ets
/ust .e the sa/e on the two
in0ol0ed 'Ds!
-I& Trans/it Period 1s" 1/in ,isplays or sets the trans/it
period of -I& signal!
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=oard D;a/ple7 3-D4B+ &peifies a .oard!
Port D;a/ple7 3-D4B+-1(Port-1) &peifies a port!
#+#0+#%+% Startin 5)
#oop.a9 (#=) an he9 Dthernet ser0ie ontinuity without interrupting Dthernet ser0ies"
helping loate and retify faults!
Ta.le 1-1@3 lists para/eters for starting #=!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for starting #=
4aintenane ,o/ain
'a/e
* .ytes
+or e;a/ple" Inter'D
,isplays the na/e of a /aintenane
do/ain!
4aintenane
-ssoiation 'a/e
* .ytes
+or e;a/ple" 4-1
assoiation!
,estination
4aintenane Point
4-C -ddress
-ny 0alid destination
uniast 4-C address
,efault 0alue7 00-00-
00-00-00-00
,estiatio Maiteace )oit MAC
Address indiates the 4-C address of
the port where the destination
/aintenane point (4P) is loated!
&et this para/eter to the 4-C address
of the port where the destination 4P is
loated!
,estination
4aintenane Point I,
+or e;a/ple" 1 &peifies the I, of a destination
/aintenane point for the #= test!
Address and ,estiatio Maiteace
)oit 1, annot .e set at the sa/e ti/e!
&oure 4aintenane
Point I,
+or e;a/ple" 1 &peifies the soure /aintenane point
I, for an #= test!
Trans/itted Pa9et
Priority
0 to 3
,efault 0alue7 3
Trasmitted )ac*et )riorit/ 3Et$eret
%er&ice OAM4 indiates the 1#-'
priority in Dthernet ser0ie $-4
protool pa9ets trans/itted .y the
e6uip/ent!
- larger 0alue indiates a higher priority!
The default 0alue is 3!
Trans/itted Pa9et
Count
1 to 2((
,efault 0alue7 3
Trasmitted )ac*et Cout indiates
the nu/.er of the trans/itted loop.a9
/essage (#=4)!
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The pa9et trans/ission ti/e inreases
with the nu/.er of trans/itted pa9ets!
Trans/itted Pa9et
#ength
B@ to 1@00
,efault 0alue7 B@
Trasmitted )ac*et !egt$ indiates
the trans/itted loop.a9 /essage
(#=4) length!
The default 0alue is B@! Pa9ets of
different lengths /ay ha0e different
ontinuity test results!
#+#0+#%+& Startin 5T
#oop.a9 trae (#T) an he9 Dthernet ser0ie ontinuity without interrupting Dthernet
ser0ies" helping loate and retify faults!
Ta.le 1-1@* lists para/eters for starting #T!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for starting #T
4aintenane
,o/ain 'a/e
* .ytes
+or e;a/ple" Inter'D
do/ain!
4aintenane
-ssoiation 'a/e
* .ytes
+or e;a/ple" 4-1
assoiation!
,estination
4aintenane Point
4-C -ddress
-ny 0alid destination
uniast 4-C address
00-00-00-00
Address indiates the 4-C address of the
port where the destination /aintenane
point (4P) is loated!
&et this para/eter to the 4-C address of
the port where the destination 4P is
loated!
,estination
4aintenane Point
I,
+or e;a/ple" 1 &peifies the I, of a destination
/aintenane point for the #T test!
Address and ,estiatio Maiteace
)oit 1, annot .e set at the sa/e ti/e!
&oure
4aintenane Point
I,
+or e;a/ple" 1 &ets the soure /aintenane point for an
#T test!
- soure /aintenane point initiates an #T
test!
,estination +or e;a/ple" 1--2=- ,isplays the sin9 /aintenane point for an
Copyright Huawei
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4aintenane Point
I,)4-C
3C-@,-(D-B+ #T test!
2esponse
4aintenane Point
I,)4-C
I, or 4-C address of
the port
2es-ose Maiteace )oit 1,0MAC
speifies the response 4P aording to the
I, or 4-C address!
&et this para/eter to the I, or 4-C
address of the port where the response 4P
is loated!
Hop Count 1 to B@" )
,efault 0alue7 )
The hop ount" also alled ti/e to li0e
(TT#)" is arried with $-4 pa9ets! >o-
Cout indiates the nu/.er of hops
.etween the response /aintenane point
(4P) to the soure 4P! $n the trail fro/
the soure 4P to the destination 4P" the
$-4 pa9et hop ount dereases .y one
when $-4 pa9ets pass through eah
/aintenane inter/ediate point (4IP)!
>o- Cout annot .e set! Chen the
loop.a9 test (#T) is o/plete" a 0alue is
returned! Chen the $-4 pa9ets pass
through B@ 4IPs and fail to reah the
response 4P" the ?)? 0alue is returned!
Test 2esult Charater string Test 2esult indiates trail infor/ation
a.out the lin9 onnetion fro/ the soure
/aintenane point (4P) to the destination
4P during the #T test! If the trail fro/ the
soure 4P to the destination 4P annot .e
o.tained" the operation failure infor/ation
is reported! If the trail fro/ the soure 4P
to the destination 4P transits the
inter/ediate e6uip/ent or destination
e6uip/ent" the operation suess
infor/ation is reported!
#+#0+#& Parameters 8or Con6urin :thernet Port
3A.
4ultiple Dthernet port $-4 funtions are supported!
#+#0+#&+# 3A. Parameters
This setion desri.es $-4 para/eters that are related to Dthernet ports!
Copyright Huawei
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Table 1.1 $-4 para/eters that are related to Dthernet ports
Port +or e;a/ple" 3-D4B+-
1(P$2T-1)
&peifies the port to whih
$-4 is applied!
Dna.le $-4 Protool ,isa.led" Dna.led
Dna.les or disa.les the
$-4 protool!
$-4 Cor9ing 4ode -ti0e" Passi0e
,efault 0alue7 -ti0e
&peifies the $-4 wor9ing
/ode!
Acti&e indiates that the

port wor9s in ati0e
/ode" and an initiate
$-4 pa9ets!
)assi&e indiates that the

port wor9s in passi0e
/ode" and an respond to
pa9ets initiated .y the
opposite" .ut annot
initiate $-4 pa9ets!
#in9 D0ent 'otifiation ,isa.led" Dna.led
,efault 0alue7 Dna.led
Dna.les or disa.les lin9
e0ent notifiation!
If the ount of perfor/ane
e0ents rosses the threshold
at the loal port" the loal
port notifies the opposite
port .y sending lin9 e0ents!
2e/ote &ide #oop.a9
2esponse
,isa.led" Dna.led
Dna.les or disa.les the
re/ote side loop.a9
response! If a port does not
support re/ote loop.a9" it
does not respond to
loop.a9 re6uests fro/ the
opposite port" no /atter
what status the $-4 port is
in!
#oop.a9 &tatus Initiate #oop.a9 at #oal"
2espond #oop.a9 of
2e/ote" 'on-#oop.a9
,isplays the loal loop.a9
status!
$-4 ,iso0ery &tatus +-5#T"
-CTI1DH&D',H#$C-#"
P-&&I1DHC-IT"
&D',H#$C-#H2D4$TD"
&D',H#$C-#H2D4$TDH
$G" &D',H-'O
,isplays the loal $-4
diso0ery status!
Port Trans/it &tatus +C," ,I&C-2, ,isplays the port trans/it
status!
F", indiates that the

port trans/its non-$-4
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pa9ets!
,1%CA2, indiates that

the port disards non-
$-4 pa9ets!
Port 2eei0e &tatus +C," #=" ,I&C-2, ,isplays the port reei0e
status!
F", indiates that the

port forwards non-$-4
pa9ets to the upper
layer!
!B indiates that the port

loops .a9 non-$-4
pa9ets!
,1%CA2, indiates that

the port disards non-
$-4 pa9ets!
#+#0+#&+% Remote 3A. Parameters
This setion desri.es $-4 para/eters at the re/ote end!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for re/ote $-4
Port D;a/ple7 3-D4B+-1(Port-1) ,isplay the port to whih the
re/ote $-4 is applied!
2e/ote $-4 Cor9ing
&tatus
-ti0e" Passi0e ,isplays the $-4 wor9ing
/ode!
Acti&e indiates that the

port wor9s in ati0e
/ode" and an initiate
$-4 pa9ets!
)assi&e indiates that the

port wor9s in passi0e
/ode" and an respond to
pa9ets initiated .y the
opposite" .ut annot
initiate $-4 pa9ets!
#in9 D0ent 'otifiation ,isa.led" Dna.led ,isplays whether lin9 e0ent
notifiation is ena.led or
not!
If the ount of perfor/ane
e0ents rosses the threshold
at the loal port" the loal
port notifies the opposite
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port .y sending lin9 e0ents!
2e/ote &ide #oop.a9
2esponse
,isa.led" Dna.led ,isplays the re/ote side
loop.a9 response!
If a port does not support
re/ote loop.a9" it does not
respond to loop.a9 re6uests
fro/ the opposite port" no
/atter what status the $-4
port is in!
5nidiretional $peration ,isa.led" Dna.led ,isplays whether the
unidiretional operation is
ena.led or not!
Eabled indiates that a
port an trans/it $-4
pa9ets to the re/ote end
when deteting that the lin9
.eo/es una0aila.le due to
a fault in the reei0e
diretion! ,isabled indiates
that a port does not trans/it
$-4 pa9ets to the re/ote
end when deteting that the
lin9 .eo/es una0aila.le
due to a fault in the reei0e
diretion!
4a;! $-4 Pa9et
#ength(.yte)
D;a/ple7 0 ,isplays the /a;i/u/
$-4 P,5 length supported
.y a port!
$-4 ,iso0ery &tatus +-5#T"
-CTI1DH&D',H#$C-#"
P-&&I1DHC-IT"
&D',H#$C-#H2D4$TD"
&D',H#$C-#H2D4$TDH
$G" &D',H-'O
,isplays the re/ote $-4
diso0ery status!
#+#0+#&+& 3A. :rror -rame .onitorin
This setion desri.es para/eters for /onitoring $-4 error fra/es!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for /onitoring $-4 error fra/es
Port +or e;a/ple" 3-D4B+-
1(P$2T-1)
,isplays the port to whih
$-4 is applied to!
Drror +ra/e 4onitor
Cindow (/s)
1000 to B0000" in steps of
100
&ets a ti/e window for
/onitoring error fra/es!
Copyright Huawei
@1A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
,efault 0alue7 1000 -n alar/ is reported if the
nu/.er of error fra/es that
our during the Error
Frame Moitor "idow
3ms4 period e;eeds the
speified 0alue!
Drror +ra/e 4onitor
Threshold (fra/es)
1 to @2A@AB32A(" in steps of
1
,efault 0alue7 1
&ets the threshold for
/onitoring error fra/es!
Drror +ra/e Period Cindow
(fra/es)
1@** to *A2*00000" in steps
of 1
,efault 0alue7 *A2*00000
&ets a window for
/onitoring error fra/e
periods!
-n alar/ is reported if the
nu/.er of error fra/es that
our during the Error
Frame )eriod "idow
3frame4 period e;eeds the
speified 0alue!
Drror +ra/e Period
Threshold (fra/es)
1 to Drror +ra/e Period
Cindow" in steps of 1
,efault 0alue7 1
periods!
Drror +ra/e &eond
Cindow(s)
10 to A00" in steps of 1
,efault 0alue7 B0
&ets a ti/e window for
seonds!
If any error fra/e ours in
one seond" this seond is an
error fra/e seond!
nu/.er of error fra/e
seonds in the Error Frame
%ecod "idow3s4 period
e;eeds the speified 0alue!
Drror +ra/e &eond
Threshold (s)
1 to Drror +ra/e &eond
Cindow" in steps of 1
,efault 0alue7 1
seonds!
Drror +ra/e &ignal Periodi
4onitor Cindow (Dntries)
1 to B0" in steps of 1
,efault 0alue7 1
NOTE
+or $pti% $&' e6uip/ent"
this para/eter is una0aila.le!
&ets a window for
periodially /onitoring
error fra/e signals!
nu/.er of error fra/e
signals in the Error Frame
%igal )eriodic Moitor
"idow 3Etries4 e;eeds
the speified 0alue!
Drror +ra/e &ignal Periodi 1 to 3(00000000" in steps of &ets the threshold for
Copyright Huawei
@20
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
4onitor Threshold (Dntries) 1
,efault 0alue7 1
NOTE
+or $pti% $&' e6uip/ent"
this para/eter is una0aila.le!
periodially /onitoring
error fra/e signals!
#+#2 :RPS
Dthernet ring protetion swithing (D2P&) protets #-' ser0ies on pa9et Dthernet ring
networ9s!
#+#2+# Introduction
Dthernet tehnologies are applied /ore widely than e0er .efore" and ring networ9ing using
pa9et Dthernet .oards is /ore and /ore deployed! 5nder the onte;t" Dthernet ring
protetion swithing (D2P&) an .e used to protet #-' ser0ies on pa9et Dthernet ring
networ9s!
Chen an Dthernet ring networ9 is onfigured with D2P&" under nor/al onditions" the ring
protetion lin9 (2P#) owner node .lo9s its port on a ertain side so that ser0ies are
trans/itted through the port on the other side! In this /anner" ser0ie loops are pre0ented! If a
ring lin9 or a ring node fails" the 2P# owner un.lo9s the preeding port and then the ser0ies
are trans/itted through the un.lo9ed port!
D2P& has the following harateristis in its i/ple/entation7
&peifies an 2P# and .lo9s its ports to pre0ent loops!
,efines 2--P& /essages to trans/it ring networ9 status infor/ation so as to ensure
onsistent protetion operations perfor/ed on ring nodes!
+igure 1-1@* shows networ9ing of a single Dthernet ring protetion (D2P) ring!
Figure 1.1 - single D2P ring
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
:rotection
s%itcin)
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
,in- !o%n
0+L
0+L
7(oc-e! port
5ternet ser/ice !irection
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
Copyright Huawei
@21
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-s shown in +igure 1-1@*" 'D@ is the 2P# owner node and 'D1 is a neigh.or node! The lin9
.etween 'D1 and 'D@ is the 2P#!
5nder nor/al onditions" 'D@ .lo9s the port onneted to 'D1" and 'D1 also .lo9s
the port onneted to 'D@a! &er0ies are trans/itted along the route 'D1 Z-> 'D2 Z->
'D3 Z-> 'D@!
If the lin9 .etween 'D1 and 'D2 fails" 'D@ and 'D1 un.lo9 their ports so that ser0ies
an .e trans/itted along the route 'D1 Z-> 'D@ Z-> 'D3 Z-> 'D2!
a7 If D2P& 11 is used" 'D1 does not .lo9 the port onneted to 'D@!
+igure 1-1@A shows networ9ing of tangent D2P rings!
Figure 1.2 Tangent D2P rings
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
topo(o)#
N5 5
N5 D
N5 7
3
5
D
7
topo(o)#
:rotection
s%itcin)
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
topo(o)#
N5 5 N5 7
3
5
D
7
topo(o)#
0+L
0+L
0+L
0+L
N5 D
E0+ ri!g
&
E0+ ri!g
$
E0+ ri!g
&
E0+ ri!g
$
,in- !o%n
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
-s shown in +igure 1-1@A" D2P ring 1 is tangent to D2P ring 2 at 'D3! $n D2P ring 1! 'D@
is the 2P# owner node and 'D1 is a neigh.or node! The lin9 .etween 'D1 and 'D@ is the
2P# lin9! $n D2P ring 2" 'DB is the 2P# owner node and 'D3 is a neigh.or node! The lin9
.etween 'DB and 'D3 is the 2P#!
5nder nor/al onditions7
N $n D2P ring 1" 'D@ .lo9s the port onneted to 'D1" and 'D1 also .lo9s the port
onneted to 'D@! &er0ies are trans/itted along the route 'D1 Z-> 'D2 Z-> 'D3 Z-
> 'D@!
N $n D2P ring 2" 'DB .lo9s the port onneted to 'D3" and 'D3 also .lo9s the port
onneted to 'DB! &er0ies are trans/itted along the route 'D3 Z-> 'D3 Z-> 'D( Z-
> 'DB!
If the lin9 .etween 'D1 and 'D2 fails7
N $n D2P ring 1" 'D@ and 'D1 un.lo9 their ports so that ser0ies an .e trans/itted
along the route 'D1 Z-> 'D@ Z-> 'D3 Z-> 'D2!
N $n D2P ring 2" ports onneting 'DB and 'D3 are still .lo9ed" and ser0ies are
trans/itted along the route 'D3 Z-> 'D3 Z-> 'D( Z-> 'DB!
+igure 1-1(0 shows networ9ing of interonneted D2P rings!
Copyright Huawei
@22
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.( Interonneted D2P rings
0+L
2
D 5
3
N5 1 N5 2
N5 3 N5 B
N5 5
0+L
1
2 3
B
0+L
2
D 5
3
N5 1 N5 2
N5 3 N5 B
N5 5 N5 5
0+L
1
2 3
B
:rotection
s%itcin)
,in- !o%n
7(oc-e! port
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
topo(o)#
E0+ ri!g
&
topo(o)#
E0+ ri!g
$
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
topo(o)#
E0+ ri!g
&
topo(o)#
E0+ ri!g
$
-s shown in +igure 1-1(0" D2P ring 1 and D2P ring 2 are interonneted at 'D3 and 'D@!
$n D2P ring 1" 'D2 is the 2P# owner node and 'D1 is a neigh.or node! The lin9 .etween
'D1 and 'D2 is the 2P#! $n D2P ring 2" 'D( is the 2P# owner node and 'DB is a neigh.or
node! The lin9 .etween 'D( and 'DB is the 2P#!
5nder nor/al onditions7 $n D2P ring 1" 'D2 .lo9s the port onneted to 'D1" and
'D1 also .lo9s the port onneted to 'D2! &er0ies are trans/itted along the route 'D2
Z-> 'D@ Z-> 'D3 Z-> 'D1! $n D2P ring 2" 'D( .lo9s the port onneted to 'DB" and
'DB also .lo9s the port onneted to 'D(! &er0ies are trans/itted along the route 'D1
Z-> 'D3 Z-> 'D@ Z-> 'D2!
If the lin9 .etween 'D1 and 'D3 fails7 $n D2P ring 1" 'D1 and 'D2 un.lo9 their ports
so that ser0ies an .e trans/itted along the route 'D1 Z-> 'D2 Z-> 'D@ Z-> 'D3! $n
D2P ring 2" ports onneting 'D( and 'DB are still .lo9ed" and ser0ies are trans/itted
along the route 'D3 Z-> 'D( Z-> 'DB Z-> 'D@!
This topi desri.es the .asi onepts that you need to .e fa/iliar with .efore you use the
D2P& feature!
#+#2+%+# Protection Instance
- protetion instane is the .asi unit of Dthernet ring protetion swithing (D2P&)! -n D2P
instane runs the D2P& protool to pro0ide protetion for ser0ies on the Dthernet ring! -n
D2P instane defines the ring node" ring lin9" ring protetion lin9 (2P#)" 2P# owner node"
and east (D) and west (C) ring ports on eah ring node!
Copyright Huawei
@23
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 D2P instane
R-.:S canne(
@<A
@5A
@5A
@<A @5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:, port
R:, nei)$or port
5ternet rin) no!e
5ternet rin)
no!e
R:, ne3t nei)$or
port
R:, ne3t nei)$or port
7(oc-e! port
R-.:S canne(
R:,
R,
R,
R,
Table 1.1 Conepts related to an D2P instane
Concept Description
2ing lin9

In a .road sense" a ring lin9 is a .idiretional lin9 .etween
Dthernet ring nodes for trans/itting Dthernet ser0ies!
In a narrow sense" a ring lin9 refers to a non-2P# (2P# is

short for ring protetion lin9)!
2P# -n 2P# is the ring lin9 on whih traffi is .lo9ed during
nor/al onditions!
2P# owner node

-n 2P# owner node and an 2P# neigh.or node .lo9 the
ser0ie hannel on the 2P# to pre0ent ser0ie loops when the
Dthernet ring is funtioning nor/ally!
The 2P# owner node and 2P# neigh.or node ati0ate the
ser0ie hannel on the 2P# when the Dthernet ring .eo/es
faulty!
2P# neigh.or node
Dthernet ring node -n Dthernet ring node is apa.le of deteting Dthernet ring
faults and i/ple/enting D2P& ontrol on an Dthernet ring!
2P# port -n 2P# port is an 2P# owner nodeJs port that is onneted to
the 2P#!
2P# neigh.or port -n 2P# neigh.or port is an 2P# neigh.or nodeJs port that is
onneted to the 2P#!
2P# ne;t neigh.or port -n 2P# ne;t neigh.or port is a port onneted to an 2P# owner
Copyright Huawei
@2@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Concept Description
node or 2P# neigh.or node!
Dast (D) and west (C)
ring ports
-ssu/ing that the ser0ie diretion is ounterlo9wise" the
trans/it port on an Dthernet ring node is an east ring port and the
reei0e port is a west ring port!
2--P& hannel

-n 2--P& hannel is used for trans/itting ring auto/ati
protetion swithing (2--P&) /essages!
-n 2--P& hannel uses a ontrol 0irtual loal area networ9

(1#-') I, to separate 2--P& /essages fro/ ser0ies on an
D2P ring!
#+#2+%+% -D) -lush
Chen the topology of an Dthernet ring protetion (D2P) ring hanges" forwarding data.ase
(+,=) flushes our on the nodes of this ring!
-n +,= flush re/o0es 4-C addresses learned on the ring ports (east and west ports) of a
proteted Dthernet ring fro/ an Dthernet ring nodeJs +,=! -fter an +,= flush" an Dthernet
ring node generates new 4-C address entries .ased on the urrent networ9 topology!
Sinle'rin Topoloy
The following part desri.es how +,= flushes our on a single D2P ring! $n tangent D2P
rings" the proess is si/ilar!
'D@ is the 2P# owner node and 'D1 is a neigh.or node! The lin9 .etween 'D1 and 'D@ is
the 2P# lin9! Chen a fault ours on the lin9 .etween 'D1 and 'D2" the D2P ring topology
hanges! -s a result" e;ept for ports of 'D1 and 'D2 that onnet to the faulty lin9" +,=
flushes our on the wor9ing ports of all the ring nodes!
Figure 1.1 +,= flush rules (single-ring topology)
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
:rotection
s%itcin)
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
,in- !o%n
0+L 0+L
F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us F(us
F(us
F(us FD7 F(us
7(oc-e! port
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
.ulti'rin Topoloy
The following part desri.es how +,= flushes our on two interonneted D2P rings! $n
/ultiple interonneted D2P rings" the proess is si/ilar!
Copyright Huawei
@2(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The following figure shows a /a:or ring D2P1 and a su.-ring D2P2! $n the /a:or ring" 'D2
is the 2P# owner node" 'D1 is a neigh.or node" and the lin9 .etween 'D1 and 'D2 is the
2P#! $n the su.-ring" 'D( is the 2P# owner node" 'DB is a neigh.or node" and the lin9
.etween 'D( and 'DB is the 2P#! Chen a fault ours on the lin9 .etween 'D1 and 'D3"
the /a:or ring topology hanges! -s a result" e;ept for ports of 'D1 and 'D3 that onnet to
the faulty lin9" +,= flushes our on the wor9ing ports of all the ring nodes! The /a:or ring
topology hange does not affet the su.-ring" and therefore +,= flushes do not our on the
ports of the su.-ring!
Figure 1.1 +,= flush rules (two interonneted rings)
0+L
2
D 5
3
N5 1 N5 2
N5 3 N5 B
N5 5
0+L
1
2 3
B
0+L
2
D 5
3
N5 1 N5 2
N5 3 N5 B
N5 5 N5 5
0+L
1
2 3
B
:rotection
s%itcin)
,in- !o%n
7(oc-e! port
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
topo(o)#
E0+ ri!g
&
topo(o)#
E0+ ri!g
$
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
topo(o)#
E0+ ri!g
&
topo(o)#
E0+ ri!g
$
F(us FD7 F(us
F(us F(us F(us
F(us F(us F(us
-D) -lush Rules in Di@erent :RP .odels
Chen a topology hange ours in different D2P /odels" +,= flushes our aording to
speifi rules! The following part desri.es how +,= flushes our on three interonneted
rings! $n /ultiple interonneted D2P rings" the proess is si/ilar!
Copyright Huawei
@2B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Three interonneted D2P rings without 2--P& 0irtual hannels
2nterconnection
no!e
N51
N52
N53
N5B
N55 N5D
N58
N57
2nterconnection
no!e
7(oc-e! port
e?ui/a(ent to
1
2 3
B
2
D 5
3
D
8 7
5
-a9or ri!g
Su8,ri!g &
Su$-rin)
(in-
R-.:S
canne(
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:,
R-.:S
canne(
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:,
Su8,ri!g $
Su$-rin)
(in-
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:,
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R-.:S
canne(
Figure 1.2 Three interonneted D2P rings with 2--P& 0irtual hannels
2
D 5
3
R:,
D
8 7
5
1 B
8 7
R:, o%ner no!e R:, nei)$or no!e
@not part of su$-rin)A
1
2 3
B
>a4or rin) 1
Su$-rin)
Su$-
rin) (in-
R-.:S
canne(
R:,
nei)$or
no!e
R:,
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:, o%ner
no!e
>a4or rin) 2
R:,
R:,
nei)$or
no!e
R:,
nei)$or
no!e
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:, o%ner no!e
R:, nei)$or no!e
R-.:S
/irtua(
canne(
R-.:S
canne(
R-.:S
/irtua(
canne(
7(oc-e! port
N51
N52
N53
N5B
N55 N5D
N58
N57
2nterconnection
no!e
2nterconnection
no!e
e?ui/a(ent to
Copyright Huawei
@23
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 2.1 +,= flush in different D2P /odels
:RP .odel ;hen a Topoloy
Chane 3ccurs 3n+++
-D) -lushes 3ccur
3n+++
Cithout 2--P& 0irtual
hannels
+or details" see +igure 1-
1(@!
4a:or ring 4a:or ring
&u.-ring 1 &u.-ring 1 and /a:or ring
&u.-ring 2 &u.-ring 2" su.-ring 1" and
/a:or ring
Cith 2--P& 0irtual
hannels
+or details" see +igure 1-
1((!
4a:or ring 1 4a:or ring 1
&u.-ring &u.-ring" /a:or ring 1" and
/a:or ring 2
4a:or ring 2 4a:or ring 2
#+#2+%+& Protection Type
D2P& supports re0erti0e and non-re0erti0e protetion swithing!
In non-re0erti0e /ode" when an 'D is in the swithing state" the 'D does not re0ert to
the wor9ing hannel unless another swith ondition (for e;a/ple" a networ9 fault)
ours e0en though the wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al!
In re0erti0e /ode" when an 'D is in the swithing state" the 'D releases the swithing
and returns to the nor/al state if the for/er wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al for a
ertain period! The period fro/ the ti/e when the for/er wor9ing hannel is restored to
nor/al to the ti/e when the 'D releases the swithing is alled the CT2 ti/e!
#+#2+%+0 R'APS Timer
In the D2P& proess" the following ti/ers are used" inluding the guard ti/er" CT2 ti/er"
CT= ti/er" and hold-off ti/er!
Guard Timer
- ring node ontinuously trans/its 2--P& /essages o0er an Dthernet ring! Hene" outdated
2--P& /essages /ay e;ist on the ring! The reeption of these outdated 2--P& /essages /ay
result in inorret D2P& ations! The guard ti/er is a type of 2--P& ti/ers and is used to
pre0ent ring nodes fro/ reei0ing outdated 2--P& /essages! Chen a faulty node detets that
the swithing ondition is leared" it starts the guard ti/er and starts to forward the 2--P&
('2) /essage! Chen the guard ti/er is running" the ring node disards the 2--P& /essage
that arri0es! Chen the guard ti/er e;pires" the reei0ed 2--P& /essage is forwarded!
;TR Timer
The CT2 ti/er pre0ents fre6uent swithing ations due to an unsta.le wor9ing hannel!
The period fro/ the ti/e when the for/er wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al to the ti/e
when the 'D releases the swithing is alled the CT2 ti/e! Chen the for/er wor9ing
hannel is restored to nor/al" the CT2 ti/er on the 2P# owner is started! Chen the CT2
ti/er is running" a CT2 ti/er running signal is ontinuously generated! Chen the CT2 ti/er
Copyright Huawei
@2*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
e;pires and no swithing re6uest of a higher priority is reei0ed" the CT2 ti/er running
signal is no longer generated .ut a CT2 e;pire signal is ontinuously generated!
;T) Timer
The CT= ti/er pre0ents fre6uent swithing ations due to an unsta.le wor9ing hannel after
a fored or /anual swith is leared!
!old'o@ Timer
The hold-off ti/er is used to ad:ust the swithing se6uene .etween the D2P& she/e and
other oe;isting protetion she/es! The hold-off ti/er allows a fault that triggers another
protetion swithing (for e;a/ple" the #-< protetion) to .e retified .efore D2P&
swithing! Chen the ring node detets one or /ore new faults" the hold-off ti/er is started if
the preset 0alue of the hold-off ti/er is non-8ero! Chen the hold-off ti/er is running" the fault
is not reported to the D2P& she/e for proessing! Chen the hold-off ti/er e;pires" the lin9
status is he9ed regardless of whether the fault that starts the ti/er persists! If the fault
persists" the fault is reported to the D2P& she/e for protetion swithing! The reported fault
/ay not .e the sa/e as the fault that starts the hold-off ti/er!
#+#2+%+2 R'APS .essae
2--P& /essages are trans/itted .etween ring nodes on an Dthernet ring protetion (D2P)
ring to ensure that all these ring nodes perfor/ onsistent operations in i/ple/enting
Dthernet ring protetion swithing (D2P&)!
The 2--P& /essage for/at is one of DTH $-4 fra/e for/ats! +or details a.out DTH $-4
fra/e for/ats" see IDDD *02!1ag $-4P,5!
Figure 1.1 +ra/e for/at of the 2--P& speifi infor/ation
>ac Destination .!!ress
>ac Source .!!ress
'#pe
802*1F &ea!er
>5, Version OpCo!e
F(a)s ',V Offset
R-.:S Specific 2nfor"ation @32 $#tesA
***
Fra"e Cec- Se?uence
1 $#te 1 $#te 1 $#te 1 $#te
Re?uest
/State
0 1 2 3 B 5 D 7 0 1 2 3 B 5 D 7
1 $#te 1 $#te
R
7
D
N
F
1 $#te 1 $#te
Su$-co!e
Status
Reser/e! 2 @2B $#tesA
Status Reser/e!
No!e 2D @D $#tesA
7
:
R
Table 1.1 ,esription of eah field in the 2--P& speifi infor/ation
-ield Valu
e
Description R'APS .essae
2e6uest)&tate 1101 Indiates fored swith (+&)! 2--P& (+&) /essage7 If
fored swithing (+&) ours
on a node and the ring port
to whih traffi is fori.ly
swithed was un.lo9ed
.efore the fored swithing"
the node trans/its 2--P&
Copyright Huawei
@2A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield Valu
e
(+&) /essages to infor/
other ring nodes of the
fored swithing! -ll ring
nodes that reei0e the 2--P&
(+&) /essages flush their
forwarding data.ases
(+,=s)!
1110 Indiates an e0ent! 2--P& (D0ent)7 If an
interonnetion node on a
su.-ring flushes its +,=" it
trans/its 2--P& (D0ent)
/essages to other /a:or ring
nodes! -ll /a:or ring nodes
that reei0e the 2--P&
(D0ent) /essages flush their
+,=s!
1011 Indiates signal fail (&+)! 2--P& (&+) /essage7 - ring
node that detets a loal
signal fail (&+) ondition
trans/its 2--P& (&+)
/essages to infor/ other
ring nodes of its failure! -ll
ring nodes that reei0e the
2--P& (&+) /essages flush
their +,=s! Chen the 2P#
owner node reei0es an 2-
-P& (&+) /essage" it
un.lo9s the 2P# port!
0111 Indiates /anual swith
(4&)!
2--P& (4&) /essage7 If
/anual swithing (4&)
ours on a node and the ring
port to whih traffi is
/anually swithed was
un.lo9ed .efore the /anual
swithing" the node trans/its
2--P& (4&) /essages to
infor/ other ring nodes of its
failure! -ll ring nodes that
reei0e the 2--P& (4&)
/essages flush their +,=s!
0000 Indiates no re6uest ('2)! 2--P& ('2) /essage7 -
node that reo0ers fro/ a
fault or where e;ternal
swithing is leared
trans/its 2--P& ('2)
/essages to infor/ other
ring nodes of its reo0ery!
$thers 2eser0ed! -
Copyright Huawei
@30
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield Valu
e
&u.-ode 0000 Indiates a flush re6uest if
2e6uest)&tate field is
?1110?!
-
$thers 2eser0ed! -
&tatu
s
2P#
.lo9ed
(2=)
1 Indiates that an 2P# is
.lo9ed!
2--P& ('2" 2=) /essage7
&uppose that re0erti0e
swithing ours on an 2P#
owner node after the wait to
restore (CT2) or wait to
.lo9 (CT=) ti/er has
e;pired! If the 2P# port was
un.lo9ed .efore the
re0erti0e swithing" the 2P#
owner node trans/its 2--P&
('2" 2=) /essages to
infor/ other ring nodes that
the Dthernet ring has
reo0ered and the 2P# port
has .een .lo9ed (2= is
short for 2P# .lo9ed)! -ll
ring nodes that reei0e the
2--P& ('2" 2=) /essages
flush their +,=s!
0

Indiates that an 2P# is
not .lo9ed!
In the ase of a non-2P#

owner node" the 0alue of
2= should .e 0!
,o not
flush
(,'+)
1 Indiates that the ring node
should not perfor/ a flush
+,= ation!
2--P& (+&" ,'+)

/essage7 If fored
swithing ours on a
node and the ring port to
whih traffi is fori.ly
swithed was .lo9ed
.efore the fored
swithing" the node
trans/its 2--P& (+&"
,'+) /essages to infor/
fored swithing (,'+ is
short for do not flush)!
-ll ring nodes that
reei0e the 2--P& (+&"
,'+) /essages do not
flush their +,=s!
2--P& (&+" ,'+)

/essage7 - ring node that
detets a ring protetion
lin9 (2P#) failure
trans/its 2--P& (&+"
2P# failure! -ll ring
nodes that reei0e the 2-
0 Indiates that the ring node
should perfor/ a flush +,=
ation!
Copyright Huawei
@31
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield Valu
e
-P& (&+" ,'+) /essages
do not flush their +,=s!
2--P& (4&" ,'+)

/essage7 If /anual
swithing ours on a
node and the ring port to
whih traffi is /anually
swithed was .lo9ed
.efore the /anual
swithing" the node
trans/its 2--P& (4&"
other ring nodes of its
failure! -ll ring nodes
that reei0e the 2--P&
(4&" ,'+) /essages do
not flush their +,=s!
2--P& ('2" 2=" ,'+)

/essage7 &uppose that
re0erti0e swithing
ours on an 2P# owner
node after the CT2 or
CT= ti/er has e;pired!
If the 2P# port was
.lo9ed .efore the
re0erti0e swithing" the
2P# owner node
trans/its 2--P& ('2"
2=" ,'+) /essages to
infor/ other ring nodes
that the Dthernet ring has
reo0ered and the 2P#
port has .een .lo9ed!
-ll ring nodes that
reei0e the 2--P& ('2"
2=" ,'+) /essages do
not flush their +,=s!
=lo9ed
Port
2eferene
(=P2)
1 Indiates that the ring lin9 1
is .lo9ed!
-
0 Indiates that the ring lin9 0
is .lo9ed!
-
&tatus
reser0ed
- 2eser0ed! -
'ode I, - Indiates the 4-C address
of a ring node! The 4-C
address is uni6ue!
-
2eser0ed 2 -ll 0s 2eser0ed! -
Copyright Huawei
@32
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#2+%+4 S7itch Conditions
This setion desri.es D2P& swith onditions!
Table 1.1 D2P& swith onditions
S7itch
Conditio
n
Priority Description
#oal lear +ro/ top
downward
s" the
priority is
fro/ the
highest to
the lowest!
The ring node deteting an +& or 4& ondition on any of

its ring ports starts the guard ti/er and trans/its the 2-
-P& /essage 'o 2e6uest ('2) on .oth ring ports! The
2P# owner node in re0erti0e /ode starts the wait-to-.lo9
(CT=) ti/er!
The 2P# owner node starting the CT2 ti/er or the CT=
ti/er stops the ti/er" un.lo9s any .lo9ed ring port" and
trans/its an 2--P& ('2" 2=) /essage on .oth ring ports!
The 2P# owner node in non-re0erti0e /ode un.lo9s any

.lo9ed ring port and trans/its an 2--P& ('2" 2=)
/essage on .oth ring ports!
#oal +&

The ring node where the fored swith o//and was
issued .lo9s the traffi hannel and 2--P& hannel on
the ring port speified .y the fored swith o//and!
The ring node where the fored swith o//and was

issued trans/its 2--P& /essages indiating +& on .oth
ring ports!
-ssu/ing the ring node was in Idle state .efore the fored
swith o//and was issued" upon the fored swith
operator o//and the ring node triggers a loal flush
forwarding data.ase (+,=) ation!
+ored swith o//ands are issued .y operators! Chile an

e;isting fored swith re6uest is present in an Dthernet
ring" any new fored swith re6uest is aepted" e;ept for
the Dthernet ring node ha0ing a prior loal fored swith
re6uest! It is the responsi.ility of operators to ensure
onneti0ity of the Dthernet ring!
2eeption of
the 2--P&
(+&)
/essage at
the loal
node
- ring node aepting an 2--P& (+&) /essage" without any

loal higher priority re6uests" un.lo9s any .lo9ed ring
port! This ation un.lo9s the traffi hannel on the 2P#!
- ring node aepting an 2--P& (+&) /essage" with a prior

loal fored swith re6uest ignores the 2--P& (+&)
/essage!
- ring node aepting an 2--P& (+&) /essage without a

,'+ indiation perfor/s a flush +,= ation!
- ring node aepting an 2--P& (+&) /essage with a ,'+

indiation does not perfor/ a flush +,= ation!
#oal &+

The ring node deteting a loal &+ ondition on one of its
ring ports .lo9s the traffi hannel and 2--P& hannel
Copyright Huawei
@33
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
S7itch
Conditio
n
on the failed ring port!
The ring node trans/its an 2--P& /essage indiating &+

on .oth ring ports!
5pon detetion of a loal &+ ondition the ring node

triggers a loal flush +,= ation!
&+ swithing is triggered when an DTHH#$& alar/ is

reported!
2eeption of
the 2--P&
(&+)
/essage at
the loal
node
The 2P# owner node aepting an 2--P& (&+) /essage"

without any loal higher priority re6uests un.lo9s any
.lo9ed 2P# onnetion point! This ation un.lo9s the
traffi hannel on the 2P#!
The 2P# owner node aepting an 2--P& (&+) /essage"

with a loal &+ ondition ignores the 2--P& (&+)
/essage!
- ring node aepting an 2--P& (&+) /essage without a

- ring node aepting an 2--P& (&+) /essage with a ,'+

2eeption of
the 2--P&
(4&)
/essage at
the loal
node
- ring node aepting an 2--P& (4&) /essage" without

any loal higher priority re6uests un.lo9s any .lo9ed
ring port whih does not ha0e an &+ ondition! This ation
un.lo9s the traffi hannel on the 2P#!
- ring node aepting an 2--P& (4&) /essage" with a

loal higher priority swithing re6uest ignores the 2--P&
(4&) /essage!
- ring node aepting an 2--P& (4&) /essage without a

- ring node aepting an 2--P& (4&) /essage with a ,'+

#oal 4&

The ring node where the /anual swith o//and was
issued .lo9s the traffi hannel and 2--P& hannel on
the ring port speified .y the /anual swith o//and!
The ring node where the /anual swith o//and was

issued trans/its 2--P& /essages indiating 4& on .oth
ring ports!
-ssu/ing the ring node was in Idle state .efore the /anual
swith o//and was issued" upon the /anual swith
operator o//and the ring node triggers a loal flush
+,= ation!
4anual swith o//ands are issued .y operators! Chile an

e;isting /anual swith re6uest is present in an Dthernet
ring" any new /anual swith re6uest is re:eted!
D;piration of
the CT2
The ring node deteting learing of the loal &+ ondition

on another ring node ontinuously trans/its an 2--P&
Copyright Huawei
@3@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
S7itch
Conditio
n
ti/er ('2) /essage on .oth ring ports" infor/s the Dthernet
ring that no swithing re6uest e;ists at the loal end" and
starts the guard ti/er!
The reeption of an 2--P& ('2) /essage auses the 2P#

owner node to start the CT2 ti/er! The CT2 ti/er is
aneled if during the CT2 period an 2--P& (&+)
/essage is aepted .y the 2P# owner node or is deteted
loally at the 2P# owner node!
Chen the CT2 ti/er e;pires" without the presene of any

other higher priority re6uest" the 2P# owner node .lo9s
its traffi hannel o0er the 2P#" trans/its an 2--P& ('2"
2=) /essage on .oth ring ports" infor/s the Dthernet ring
that the 2P# is .lo9ed" and perfor/s a flush +,= ation!
D;piration of
the CT=
ti/er
-fter the CT= ti/er e;pires" the 2P# owner node without
any other higher priority re6uest .lo9s the traffi hannel
on the 2P#! If the 2P# port is in an idle state" the 2P#
owner perfor/s a flush +,= ation!
The 2P# owner node trans/its an 2--P& ('2" 2=)

/essage o0er .oth ring ports" infor/ing the Dthernet ring
that the 2P# is .lo9ed!
2eeption of
the 2--P&
('2" 2=)
/essage at
the loal
node
The aeptane of the 2--P& ('2" 2=) /essage triggers

all Dthernet ring nodes to un.lo9 any .lo9ed non-2P#
that does not ha0e an &+ ondition! If it is an 2--P& ('2"
2=) /essage without a ,'+ indiation" all Dthernet ring
nodes perfor/ a flush +,= ation!
If the 2--P& ('2" 2=) /essage is reei0ed after all the

preeding ations are perfor/ed" the ring node no longer
perfor/s a flush +,= ation!
2eeption of
the 2--P&
('2)
/essage at
the loal
node
If a ring node without any loal higher priority re6uests

reei0es an 2--P& ('2) /essage with a node I, higher
than its own 'ode I," it will un.lo9 any ring port and
stop the trans/ission of the 2--P& /essage ('2)!
The 2P# owner node in re0erti0e /ode starts the CT=

ti/er (if a fored or /anual swith is presented) or the
CT2 ti/er!
This setion pro0ides the speifiations of D2P&!
Item Speci6cation
V# V%
Protetion 4a;i/u/ $pti% $&' (007 *
Copyright Huawei
@3(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cation
V# V%
instane of
D2P&
nu/.er of
protetion
instanes
supported .y
a single node
$pti% $&' ((07 *
$pti% $&' (*07 32
Type of
supported
D2P&
east)west
port
$pti% $&' (007 +D)<D
port
$pti% $&' ((07 +D)<D
port
$pti% $&' (*07
+D)<D)10<D port
-
Types of
2P# ports"
2P#
neigh.or
ports" 2P#
ne;t
neigh.or
ports" and
east)west
ports
- $pti% $&' (007 +D)<D
port
$pti% $&' ((07 +D)<D
port
$pti% $&' (*07
+D)<D)10<D port
2P# owner
node
$nly one 2P# owner e;ists on an Dthernet ring!
2P#
neigh.or
node
- - ring node ne;t to the 2P#
owner node an .e an 2P#
neigh.or node!
Control
1#-' I,s
on the 2-
-P& hannel
1-@0A@
NOTE
- ontrol 1#-' I, annot .e the sa/e as the 1#-' I, in ser0ie
pa9ets!
Topology of a ring networ9 &ingle ring $pti% $&' (007
&ingle ring
Tangent rings
$pti% $&' ((07
&ingle ring
Tangent rings
$pti% $&' (*07
&ingle ring
Tangent rings
Interonneted rings
'u/.er of .lo9ed ports 1 2
Copyright Huawei
@3B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cation
V# V%
Protetion swithing /ode -uto/ati swithing

-uto/ati swithing
D;ternal swithing
(/anual swithing"
fored swithing" and
swithing learing)
2e0ersion /ode 2e0erti0e

2e0erti0e
'on-re0erti0e
Control 1#-' I, of an 2-
-P& 0irtual hannel
- 1 to @0A@
NOTE
The ontrol 1#-' I, of an
2--P& 0irtual hannel /ust
.e different fro/ the 1#-'
I,s of the ser0ies arried
on the sa/e ring!
The ontrol 1#-' I, of an
2--P& 0irtual hannel /ust
.e different fro/ the ontrol
1#-' I, of the 2--P&
hannel on the sa/e ring!
I/ple/entation in
forwarding data.ase (+,=)
flushes
+ault-aused swithing and
re0erti0e swithing lead to
+,= flushes!
+,= flushes do not our in
the following senarios7
- ring protetion lin9

(2P#) fails or reo0ers!
-n 2P# owner node or

2P# neigh.or node fails
or reo0ers!
- .lo9ed port fails or

reo0ers in non-re0erti0e
/ode!
- re6uest for .lo9ing a

.lo9ed ring lin9 is
reei0ed (for e;a/ple" in
fored swithing on an
2P#)!
Ti/er Hold-off
ti/er
The period of the hold-off ti/er is set in 100 /s steps
.etween 0s and 10s!
The default 0alue is 0s!
CT2 ti/er The period of the CT2 ti/er is set in 1 /inute steps
.etween 1 /inute and 12 /inutes!
The default 0alue is ( /inutes!
<uard ti/er The period of the guard ti/er is set in 10 /s steps .etween
10 /s and 10000 /s!
The default 0alue is (00 /s!
2--P& Inter0al of The period of the inter0al of pa9et trans/ission is set in 1s
Copyright Huawei
@33
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cation
V# V%
/essage pa9et
trans/ission
steps .etween 1s and 10s!
The default 0alue is (s!
Dntity le0el 0 to 3
The default 0alue is @!
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with D2P&!
IT5-T <!*032)O!13@@7 Dthernet 2ing Protetion &withing (2012!12 0ision)
IT5-T O!1331 $-4 funtions and /ehanis/s for Dthernet .ased networ9s
#+#2+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the D2P& feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C02 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
C&H, 1100200(C02 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT 1100200(C02 and later $pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+ 1100200(C02 and later $pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' (00)((0
Copyright Huawei
@3*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
$pti% $&' ((07

PC% 1100200(C02 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+#2+4 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for D2P& at the networ9 design
phase" the onfiguration and o//issioning phase" and the /aintenane phase!
5imitation
Remar,s
Dntire feature The e6uip/ent supports
D2P& only when 'ati0e
ser0ies are onfigured for
it!
')-
Dntire feature The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
does not support Dthernet
interonneted rings!
in0ol0ed!
Interwor9ing of D2P& 11
and D2P& 12
'odes that run D2P& 11
annot .e onfigured into a
/ulti-ring networ9!
')-
In a single-ring networ9"
nodes that run D2P& 12
/ust .e set to the
o/pati.le /ode!
')-
'odes that run D2P& 12
/ust .e speified as the
2P# owner!
')-
2elationships with other
features
D2P& annot wor9 with
-P& at the sa/e ti/e!
')-
DTH $-4 or PC $-4 at
the sa/e ti/e!
')-
Copyright Huawei
@3A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation
Remar,s
I<4P &nooping at the sa/e
ti/e!
')-
5imitation
Remar,s
1#-' I, 1#-' I,s of 2--P&
/essages annot .e the
sa/e as 1#-' I,s of
Dthernet ser0ie pa9ets and
in.and ,C' pa9ets!
')-
Cooperation of D2P& and
4&TP
The /e/.ers of an 4&TP
port group annot
partiipate in D2P&!
in0ol0ed!
#-<
$nly the /ain port of a lin9
aggregation group (#-<)
an .e onfigured as an
D2P& port!
')-
Chen the D2P& port is
.lo9ed" the related #-<
ports are also .lo9ed!
')-
5imitation
Remar,s
#-<
- #-< an funtion as an
2# or 2P# in the D2P&
protetion! In this ase" the
D2P& swithing is triggered
only when all lin9s in the
#-< are faulty!
')-
#+#2+* Principles
D2P& uses the 2--P& protool to i/ple/ent protetion swithing!
Copyright Huawei
@@0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#2+*+# Sinle'rin Net7or, $Non'RP5 -ailure(
Chen a non-2P# on a single-ring networ9 fails" 2--P& (&+) /essages are forwarded on the
D2P ring to trigger a switho0er!
D2P& 11 or D2P& 12 an .e deployed on a single-ring networ9 to protet Dthernet ser0ies! D2P& 12
is used as an e;a/ple here!
The D2P& proess in the ase of a non-2P# failure is as follows7
1! Chen the Dthernet ring is in the nor/al state" the east (D) ring port on the 2P# owner
node ('D@) and the west (C) ring port on the 2P# neigh.or node ('D1) are .lo9ed!
If D2P& 11 is used" the west (C) ring port on the 2P# neigh.or node ('D1) is not .lo9ed!
@<A
7(oc-e! port
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
2! The ring lin9 .etween 'D1 and 'D2 fails!
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
,in- !o%n
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
Copyright Huawei
@@1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
3! 'D1 and 'D2 detet the loal signal fail (&+) ondition! -fter the hold-off ti/er e;pires"
'D1 and 'D2 .lo9 the ring ports that are onneted to the faulty lin9 and flush their
forwarding data.ases (+,=s)!
F(us
&o(!-off
ti"er
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
,in- !o%n
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
FD7 F(us
F(us
F(us
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
&o(!-off
ti"er
@! The east port of 'D1 is .lo9ed" and its west port is un.lo9ed!
Copyright Huawei
@@2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
0n$(oc-e! port
'opo(o)#
,in- !o%n
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
(! 'D1 and 'D2 send 2--P& (&+) /essages to infor/ other ring nodes of the lin9 failure!
R-.:S@SFA
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@SFA
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
0n$(oc-e! port
,in- !o%n 7(oc-e! port
B! The ring nodes that reei0e an 2--P& (&+) /essage flush their +,=s! 5pon reeipt of an
2--P& (&+) /essage" 'D@ un.lo9s the 2P# port!
Copyright Huawei
@@3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
R-.:S@SFA
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@SFA
R-.:S@SFA
F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us
0n$(oc-e! port F(us FD7 F(us 7(oc-e! port
,in- !o%n
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
3! -fter the D2P& swithing is o/plete" eah Dthernet ring node learns new 4-C
addresses and .uilds a new +,=! Then" ser0ies are trans/itted along the new route!
@<A
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
7(oc-e! port
,in- !o%n
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
*! -fter the failed lin9 reo0ers" 'D1 and 'D2 detet a loal &+ lear ondition and start
the guard ti/er!
D2P& supports re0erti0e and non-re0erti0e protetion swithing! In non-re0erti0e /ode" only a /anual
swithing o//and an restore the ring lin9s to the original .lo9ing ondition!
Copyright Huawei
@@@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
@<A
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e Guar! ti"er
Guar! ti"er
A! -fter the guard ti/er e;pires" 'D1 and 'D2 start to send 2--P& ('2) /essages to
infor/ other ring nodes of the lin9 reo0ery!
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
10! 5pon reeipt of an 2--P& ('2) /essage" 'D@ starts the CT2 ti/er!
Copyright Huawei
@@(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
<'R
'opo(o)#
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
11! 5pon reeipt of an 2--P& ('2) /essage" 'D1 o/pares its node I, with that of 'D2
and 'D2 o/pares its node I, with that of 'D1! -ssu/e that the node I, of 'D1 is 1
and the node I, of 'D2 is 2! -s the port on an 'D with a s/aller node I, is always
.lo9ed first" then the east port of 'D1 is un.lo9ed!
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
<'R
No#e ID:&
No#e ID:$
0n$(oc-e! port
'opo(o)#
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
12! -fter the CT2 ti/er e;pires" 'D@ sends 2--P& ('2" 2=) /essages to infor/ other ring
nodes of the lin9 reo0ery! 5pon reeipt of an 2--P& ('2" 2=) /essage" 'D2 un.lo9s
Copyright Huawei
@@B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
the port that was .lo9ed and 'D1 .lo9s the west (C) ring port! 5pon reeipt of an 2-
-P& ('2" 2=) /essage" all the ring nodes flush their +,=s!
'opo(o)#
7(oc-e! port 5ternet ser/ice !irection
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
F(us
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
FD7 F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us F(us
R-.:S@NR+R7A
R-.:S@NR+R7A
R-.:S@NR+R7A
0n$(oc-e! port
F(us
F(us
R-.:S@NR+R7A
F(us
F(us
addresses and .uilds a new +,=! Then" ser0ies are trans/itted along the original route
.efore the swithing!
@<A
7(oc-e! port
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
#+#2+*+% Sinle'rin Net7or, $RP5 -ailure(
Chen the 2P# on a single-ring networ9 fails" 2--P& (&+" ,'+) /essages are forwarded on
the D2P ring to ensure a sta.le route!
D2P& 11 or D2P& 12 an .e deployed on a single-ring networ9 to protet Dthernet ser0ies! D2P& 12
is used as an e;a/ple here!
The D2P& proess in the ase of an 2P# failure is as follows7
1! Chen the Dthernet ring is in the nor/al state" the east (D) ring port on the 2P# owner
node ('D@) and the west (C) ring port on the 2P# neigh.or node ('D1) are .lo9ed!
Copyright Huawei
@@3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
If D2P& 11 is used" the west (C) ring port on the 2P# neigh.or node ('D1) is not .lo9ed!
@<A
7(oc-e! port
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
2! The 2P# .etween 'D1 and 'D@ fails!
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
,in- !o%n
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
3! 'D1 and 'D@ detet the loal signal fail (&+) ondition and start the hold-off ti/er!
Copyright Huawei
@@*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&o(!-off ti"er
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
,in- !o%n
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
&o(!-off ti"er
@! -fter the hold-off ti/er e;pires" 'D1 and 'D@ send 2--P& (&+) /essages to infor/
other ring nodes of the lin9 failure! Dah 2--P& (&+) /essage ontains the do not flush
(,'+) indiation" whih pre0ents all Dthernet ring nodes fro/ perfor/ing an +,= flush!
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@SF+NDFA
R-.:S@SF+NDFA
,in- !o%n
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
(! The 2P# reo0ers!
Copyright Huawei
@@A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
B! -fter deteting the swithing ondition lear" 'D1 and 'D@ start the guard ti/er and
send 2--P& ('2) /essages at a speifi inter0al to infor/ other ring nodes of the lin9
reo0ery! The guard ti/er pre0ents 'D1 and 'D@ fro/ reei0ing 2--P& /essages! -fter
the guard ti/er e;pires" 'D1 and 'D@ an reei0e new 2--P& /essages!
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@NRA
Guar! ti"er
R-.:S@NRA
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
Guar! ti"er
3! -fter the guard ti/er e;pires" 'D@ starts the CT2 ti/er and sends 2--P& ('2" 2=)
/essages at a speifi inter0al to other ring nodes! These 2--P& ('2" 2=) /essages
ontain the do not flush (,'+) indiation!
Copyright Huawei
@(0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
@<A
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@NR+R7A
<'R
R-.:S@NR+R7A
7(oc-e! port
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
*! -fter the CT2 ti/er e;pires" 'D@ stops sending 2--P& ('2" 2=) /essages to other
ring nodes! The 2P# is restored to nor/al and the ring nodes do not flush their +,=s in
any ase! The Dthernet ring has .een restored to nor/al!
@<A
7(oc-e! port
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
N5 B
1
2
3
B
'opo(o)#
0+L
0+L
ow!er !o#e
0+L !eigh8or
!o#e
@5A @<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
#+#2+*+& .ulti'rin Net7or, $Sub'rin 5in, -ailure(
- /ulti-ring networ9 ontains /ultiple independent D2P rings! The D2P& priniples for eah
D2P ring on a /ulti-ring networ9 are the sa/e as the D2P& priniples for the D2P ring on a
single-ring networ9! Chen D2P& swithing ours on a su.-ring" +,= flushes /ay .e
generated on the other D2P rings onneted to the sa/e interonnetion node!
The D2P& proess in the ase of a su.-ring lin9 failure is as follows7
1! Chen the su.-ring is in the nor/al state" the east (D) port on the 2P# owner node ('DB)
and the west (C) port on the 2P# neigh.or node ('D() are .lo9ed!
Copyright Huawei
@(1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
@<A
1
2 3
B
>a4or rin)
2
D 5
3
7(oc-e! port
e?ui/a(ent to
2nterconnection
no!e
Su$-rin)
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:,
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:,
2nterconnection
no!e
N51
N5 2 N5 3
N5 B
N5 5
N5 D
Su$-rin)
(in-
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@<A
@5A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
2! The ring lin9 .etween 'D2 and 'DB on the su.-ring fails!
@<A
1
2 3
B
>a4or rin)
2
D 5
3
7(oc-e! port
e?ui/a(ent to
2nterconnection
no!e
Su$-rin)
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:,
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:,
2nterconnection
no!e
N51
N5 2 N5 3
N5 B
N5 5
N5 D
Su$-rin)
(in-
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@<A
@5A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
Fai(ure
3! 'D2 and 'DB detet the failure" that is" they detet the loal signal fail (&+) ondition!
-fter the hold-off ti/er e;pires" 'D2 and 'DB .lo9 their ports onneted to the faulty
lin9 and flush their +,=s!
Copyright Huawei
@(2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&o(!-off
ti"er
@<A
1
2 3
B
>a4or rin)
2
D 5
3
7(oc-e! port
e?ui/a(ent to
2nterconnection
no!e
Su$-rin)
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:,
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:,
2nterconnection
no!e
N51
N5 2 N5 3
N5 B
N5 5
N5 D
Su$-rin)
(in-
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@<A
@5A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
Fai(ure
F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us FD7 F(us
@! 'D2 and 'DB send 2--P& (&+) /essages to infor/ other ring nodes of the lin9 failure!
5pon reeipt of an 2--P& (&+) /essage" the ring nodes on the su.-ring flush their
+,=s! The /a:or ring does not respond to the 2--P& (&+) /essages sent fro/ the su.-
ring! 5pon reeipt of an 2--P& (&+) /essage" the east port of 'DB and west port of 'D(
are un.lo9ed!
The 2P# .etween 'DB and 'D( only .lo9s ser0ies .ut not 2--P& /essages! Therefore" 2--P& (&+)
/essages an .e sent fro/ 'DB to 'D(!
R-.:S@SFA
0n$(oc-e! port
@<A
1
2 3
B
>a4or rin)
2
D 5
3
7(oc-e! port
e?ui/a(ent to
2nterconnection
no!e
Su$-rin)
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:,
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:,
2nterconnection
no!e
N51
N5 2 N5 3
N5 B
N5 5
N5 D
Su$-rin)
(in-
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@<A
@5A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
Fai(ure
F(us
R-.:S@SFA
R-.:S@SFA
R-.:S@SFA
R-.:S@SFA
R-.:S@SFA
F(us F(us
F(us
F(us FD7 F(us
(! The west port of 'D3 on the su.-ring flushes its +,= and sends 2--P& (D0ent)
/essages to the /a:or ring! 2--P& (D0ent) /essages are trans/itted only on the /a:or
ring! 5pon reeipt of an 2--P& (D0ent) /essage" all the ports on the /a:or ring flush
their +,=s!
Copyright Huawei
@(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
@<A
1
2 3
B
2
D 5
3
R:,
R:,
N51
N5 2 N5 3
N5 B
N5 5
N5 D
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@<A
@5A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@5/entA
R-.:S@5/entA
F(us
F(us
R-.:S@5/entA
F(us
F(us F(us
F(us
F(us F(us
R-.:S@5/entA
F(us
F(us
F(us F(us
F(us
F(us
>a4or rin)
7(oc-e! port
e?ui/a(ent to
Su$-rin)
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
2nterconnection
no!e
Su$-rin)
(in-
Fai(ure
F(us FD7 F(us
2nterconnection
no!e
B! -fter the D2P& swithing is o/plete" eah Dthernet ring node learns new 4-C
@<A
1
2 3
B
>a4or rin)
2
D 5
3
7(oc-e! port
e?ui/a(ent to
2nterconnection
no!e
Su$-rin)
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:,
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:,
2nterconnection
no!e
N51
N5 2 N5 3
N5 B
N5 5 N5 D
Su$-rin)
(in-
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@<A
@5A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
Fai(ure
3! Chen the lin9 .etween 'D2 and 'DB reo0ers fro/ the fault" 'D2 and 'DB .oth detet
a loal lear &+ ondition and start the guard ti/er! -fter the guard ti/er e;pires" 'D2
and 'D send 2--P& ('2) /essages to infor/ other ring nodes of the lin9 reo0ery!
5pon reeipt of an 2--P& ('2) /essage" the east port of 'DB starts the CT2 ti/er!
If D2P& is non-re0erti0e" ser0ies are not swithed .a9 to the original route after the lin9 reo0ers!
Copyright Huawei
@(@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
@<A
1
2 3
B
2
D 5
3
R:,
R:,
N51
N5 2 N5 3
N5 B
N5 5
N5 D
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@<A
@5A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
<'R
>a4or rin)
Su$-rin)
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
2nterconnection
no!e
Su$-rin)
(in-
2nterconnection
no!e e?ui/a(ent to
7(oc-e! port
Fai(ure
*! 5pon reeipt of an 2--P& ('2) /essage" 'D2 o/pares its node I, with that of 'DB
and 'DB o/pares its node I, with that of 'D2! -ssu/e that the node I, of 'D2 is 2
and the node I, of 'DB is B! -s the port on an 'D with a s/aller node I, is always
.lo9ed first" then the east port of 'D2 on the su.-ring is un.lo9ed!
@<A
1
2 3
B
2
D 5
3
R:,
R:,
N51
N5 2 N5 3
N5 B
N5 5
N5 D
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@<A
@5A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
R-.:S@NRA
<'R
0n$(oc-e! port
>a4or rin)
7(oc-e! port
e?ui/a(ent to
Su$-rin)
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
2nterconnection
no!e
Su$-rin)
(in-
Fai(ure
2nterconnection
no!e
A! -fter the CT2 ti/er e;pires" the east port of 'DB is .lo9ed! 'DB sends 2--P& ('2"
2=) /essages to other ring nodes! The west port of 'DB is un.lo9ed upon reeipt of an
2--P& ('2" 2=) /essage! The west port of 'D2 is .lo9ed upon reeipt of an 2--P&
('2" 2=) /essage! 5pon reeipt of an 2--P& ('2" 2=) /essage" all the ports on the
su.-ring flush their +,=s!
Copyright Huawei
@((
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
@<A
1
2 3
B
2
D 5
3
R:,
R:,
N51
N5 2 N5 3
N5 B
N5 5
N5 D
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@<A
@5A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@NR+R7A
R-.:S@NR+R7A
R-.:S@NR+R7A
R-.:S@NR+R7A
F(us F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us F(us
F(us
F(us
>a4or rin)
e?ui/a(ent to
Su$-rin)
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
Su$-rin)
(in-
2nterconnection
no!e
0n$(oc-e! port
7(oc-e! port
5ternet ser/ice !irection Fai(ure
F(us FD7 F(us
2nterconnection
no!e
10! The east port of 'D2 on the su.-ring and the west port of 'D3 on the su.-ring flush their
+,=s and send 2--P& (D0ent) /essages to the /a:or ring! 2--P& (D0ent) /essages are
trans/itted only on the /a:or ring! 5pon reeipt of an 2--P& (D0ent) /essage" all the
ports on the /a:or ring flush their +,=s!
@<A
1
2 3
B
2
D 5
3
R:,
R:,
N51
N5 2 N5 3
N5 B
N5 5
N5 D
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@<A
@5A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
R-.:S@5/entA
F(us
F(us
F(us F(us
F(us
F(us
R-.:S@5/entA
F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us
F(us F(us
R-.:S@5/entA R-.:S@5/entA
7(oc-e! port
2nterconnection
no!e
Fai(ure
F(us FD7 F(us
2nterconnection
no!e
e?ui/a(ent to
>a4or rin)
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
Su$-rin)
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
Su$-rin)
(in-
Copyright Huawei
@(B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
@<A
1
2 3
B
>a4or rin)
2
D 5
3
7(oc-e! port
e?ui/a(ent to
2nterconnection
no!e
Su$-rin)
Su$-rin)
(in-
R:,
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, o%ner
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:, nei)$or
no!e
R:,
2nterconnection
no!e
N51
N5 2 N5 3
N5 B
N5 5
N5 D
Su$-rin)
(in-
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@<A
@5A
@5A
@<A
@5A
@<A
@5A
#+#2+1 Con6uration Process $:RPS on a Sinle'rin
Net7or,(
The 9ey to onfiguring Dthernet ring protetion swithing (D2P&) for an Dthernet ring
networ9 is reating Dthernet ring protetion (D2P) instanes! D2P& 11 or D2P& 12 an .e
deployed on a single-ring networ9 to protet Dthernet ser0ies! D2P& 11 is used as an
e;a/ple here!
+igure 1-1(3 shows the flowhart for onfiguring D2P& on a single-ring networ9!
Copyright Huawei
@(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 +lowhart for onfiguring D2P&
Start
5n!
Settin) :rotoco(
:ara"eters for
an 5R:S 2nstance
Creatin) 5ternet Rin)
:rotection 2nstances
Settin) G(o$a( 5R:S
:rotoco( :ara"eters
Re?uire!
Optiona(
Ta.le 1-1(B desri.es the proedures in the onfiguration flowhart!
,uring onfiguration of a single ring networ9 with D2P&" you do not need to perfor/ 1!1(!10!2 &etting
the Para/eters of Dthernet 2ing Protool! Chen 1!1(!10!1 Creating Dthernet 2ing Protetion Instanes"
set 2)! )ort instead of 2)! Ower 2ig Node Flag!
Table 1.1 Proess of onfiguring D2P&
Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
1 1!1(!10!1
Creating
Dthernet 2ing
Protetion
Instanes
2e6uired! &et para/eters as follows7
&et E2)% 1," East )ort" "est )ort" 2)! Ower 2ig
Node Flag" 2)! )ort" and Cotrol '!AN aording to the
networ9 plan!
Chen setting 2)! Ower 2ig Node Flag" note the

following7
N -n D2P ring has only one ring protetion lin9 (2P#)
Copyright Huawei
@(*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
owner node!
N +or an D2P& 11 protetion instane" set 2)! Ower
2ig Node Flag to 2)! )ort for the 2P# owner node
on an D2P ring and to No for other nodes on the ring!
N +or an D2P& 12 protetion instane" you also need to set
the neigh.or port and the ne;t neig.or port!
&et Cotrol '!AN to a 0alue different fro/ the 1#-' I,s

of Dthernet ser0ie pa9ets!
2 1!1(!10!2
&etting the
Para/eters of
Dthernet 2ing
Protool
D2P& 11-.ased instane re6uired!
&et Com-atible8'ersio to &er1!
3 &etting <lo.al
D2P& Protool
Para/eters
&et "T2 Time 3mm=ss4 to 61=66!
&et 9uard Time 3ms4 to 16666!

#+#2+/ Con6uration Process $:RPS on a .ulti'rin
Net7or,(
The 9ey to onfiguring Dthernet ring protetion swithing (D2P&) for an Dthernet ring
networ9 is reating Dthernet ring protetion (D2P) instanes! +or a /ulti-ring networ9" reate
D2P& 12-.ased instanes!
+igure 1-1(* shows the flowhart for onfiguring D2P& on a /ulti-ring networ9!
Copyright Huawei
@(A
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Figure 1.1 +lowhart for onfiguring D2P&
Start
5n!
Settin) :rotoco(
:ara"eters for
an 5R:S 2nstance
Creatin) 5ternet Rin)
:rotection 2nstances
Settin) G(o$a( 5R:S
:rotoco( :ara"eters
Re?uire!
Optiona(
Creatin) a Virtua(
Canne( V,.N
For%ar!in) 'a$(e
Ta.le 1-1(3 desri.es the proedures in the onfiguration flowhart!
Table 1.1 Proess of onfiguring D2P&
Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
1 1!1(!10!1
Creating
Dthernet 2ing
&et E2)% 1," East )ort" "est )ort" 2)! Ower 2ig
Node Flag" 2)! )ort" and Cotrol '!AN aording to the
Copyright Huawei
@B0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
Protetion
Instanes
networ9 plan!
Chen setting D2P instanes for a /ulti-ring networ9" note the

following7
N - /a:or ring or su.-ring an ha0e only one ring
protetion lin9 (2P#) owner node! - ring node ad:aent
to the 2P# owner node is the 2P# neigh.or node!
N It is reo//ended that you plan the ounterlo9wise
diretion as the /ain diretion of ser0ie trans/ission on
a /a:or ring or su.-ring! +or a node on the ring" set the
port that trans/its ser0ies to East )ort and the port that
reei0es ser0ies to "est )ort!
N - su.-ring has only an East )ort or "est )ort on an
interonnetion node! &et the non-e;istent East )ort or
"est )ort to .!
N It is reo//ended that you set the east port on the 2P#
owner node to 2)! )ort" the west port on the 2P#
neigh.or node to Neig$bor )ort" and the east port on the
2P# owner nodeJs upstrea/ node and the west port on
the 2P# neigh.or nodeJs downstrea/ node to Next
Neig$bor )ort!
&et Cotrol '!AN for a ring to a 0alue different fro/ the

1#-' I,s of Dthernet ser0ie pa9ets arried .y the ring!
2 1!1(!10!2
&etting the
Para/eters of
Dthernet 2ing
Protool
2e6uired!
If ring auto/ati protetion swithing (2--P&) 0irtual

hannels are re6uired .y su.-ring instane" set 'irtual
C$ael %tatus to Eable (default) and set 'irtual
C$ael '!ANs aording to the networ9 plan! If 2--P&
0irtual hannels are not re6uired" set 'irtual C$ael
%tatus to ,isable!
If an interonnetion node is shared .y a /a:or ring and a

su.-ring" set MaCor E2) 2ig 1, for the su.-ring aording
to the networ9 plan" so the su.-ring is assoiated with the
/a:or ring!
If an interonnetion node is shared .y two su.-rings" set

MaCor E2) 2ig 1, for the downstrea/ su.-ring aording
to the networ9 plan" so the downstrea/ su.-ring is
assoiated with the upstrea/ su.-ring!
3 1!1(!10!3
&etting <lo.al
D2P& Protool
Para/eters
&et "T2 Time 3mm=ss4 to 61=66!
&et 9uard Time 3ms4 to 16666!

@ 1!1(!10!@
Creating a
1irtual Channel
1#-'
+orwarding
Ta.le
2e6uired when 2--P& 0irtual hannels are used!
&et para/eters aording to the networ9 plan!
NOTE
The ontrol 1#-' I, of an 2--P& 0irtual hannel /ust .e different
fro/ the 1#-' I,s of the ser0ies arried .y the sa/e D2P ring!
Copyright Huawei
@B1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
The ontrol 1#-' I, of an 2--P& 0irtual hannel /ust .e different
fro/ the ontrol 1#-' I, of the 2--P& hannel on the sa/e D2P
ring!
#+#2+#" Con6uration Procedure
This setion desri.es the D2P& onfiguration tas9s!
#+#2+#"+# Creatin :thernet Rin Protection Instances
Dthernet ring protetion swithing (D2P&) is onfigured through reation of Dthernet ring
protetion instanes!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet .oards /ust .e added to the NE )ael!
52000
Procedure
Cofiguratio > Et$eret )rotectio > E2)% Maagemet!
Step % Cli9 New!
The Create Et$eret 2ig )rotectio )rotocol 1stace dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &et the para/eters for the Dthernet ring protetion instane!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+#2+#"+% Settin the Parameters o8 :thernet Rin Protocol
The para/eters to .e set inlude the hold-off ti/e" CT2 ti/e" and guard ti/e!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet ring protetion instane /ust .e reated!
52000
Copyright Huawei
@B2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Procedure
Cofiguratio > Et$eret )rotectio > E2)% Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % O-tioal= ,ou.le-li9 Cotrol '!AN" and then /odify the 1#-' I,!
Step & O-tioal= &et the para/eters of Dthernet ring protool!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+#2+#"+& Settin Global :RPS Protocol Parameters
Configured glo.al D2P& protool para/eters ta9e effet to all D2P& instanes!
PrereBuisites
The D2P& protetion instane /ust .e reated!
52000
Procedure
Step % &et the para/eters of Dthernet ring protool!
&et the para/eters aording to the networ9 plan! ,efault 0alues are reo//ended!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+#2+#"+0 Creatin a Virtual Channel V5AN -or7ardin Table
Oou need to reate a 0irtual hannel 1#-' forwarding ta.le on an interonnetion node!
PrereBuisites
Copyright Huawei
@B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
52000
- 0irtual hannel 1#-' forwarding ta.le needs to .e reated only for su.-rings! The su.-rings need
to .e assoiated with orresponding /a:or rings!
'irtual C$ael %tatus /ust ha0e .een ena.led and 'irtual C$ael '!ANs /ust ha0e .een
orretly set for the /a:or ring .y 1!1(!10!2 &etting the Para/eters of Dthernet 2ing Protool!
Procedure
Step % &elet the su.-ring!
Step & Cli9 'irtual C$ael '!AN Forwardig Table!
The 'irtual C$ael '!AN Forwardig Table dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 Cli9 New!
The Create 'irtual C$ael '!AN Forwardig Table dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 2 Configure the para/eters for the 0irtual hannel 1#-' forwarding ta.le!
The syste/ auto/atially displays the I, of the su.-ring D2P& instane and the D2P& I, of the
/a:or ring with whih the su.-ring D2P& instane is assoiated!
&et 'irtual C$ael '!AN to the ontrol 1#-' I, of the su.-ring 2--P& 0irtual hannel!
&et 'irtual C$ael '!AN o MaCor 2ig to the 'irtual C$ael '!ANs of the assoiated
/a:or ring node!
Step 4 Cli9 OK!
Step * Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+#2+## Con6uration :9ampleD Sinle'Rin Net7or,
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure D2P& aording to
networ9 onditions!
#+#2+##+# :9ample Description
Copyright Huawei
@B@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-s shown in +igure 1-1(A" 'D1" 'D2" 'D3" and 'D@ onstrut a ring networ9! D2P& is
onfigured to protet the Dthernet ser0ies on the ring networ9!
<enerally" when a ring networ9 is onfigured with D2P&" the 2P# owner node ('D1) .lo9s
the east ring ports and all the ser0ies are trans/itted through west ring ports! If a lin9 on the
ring networ9 fails or an 'D on the ring networ9 .eo/es faulty" 'D1 ena.les the .lo9ed east
ring ports so that the ser0ies an .e trans/itted through these east ring ports!
This topi onsiders the $pti% $&' ((0 as an e;a/ple to desri.e the .oard layout! In the ase of other
produts" the onfiguration /ethod is the sa/e" e;ept for the slots! +or the slot infor/ation" see the
ard!are Description of the rele0ant produt!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/
7'S1
N51
N53
N52
N5B
7SC
7'S3
7'SB
5'&
5'&
5'&
5'&
5R:S
< 5
<
<
<
5
5
5
5ternet $oar!
3-5>DF
R:, o%ner
R:,
R:, port
7(o-e! port
5ternet $oar! @<A6
B-5>DF
5ternet $oar!
3-5>DF
5ternet $oar!
B-5>DF
5ternet $oar!
3-5>DF
5ternet $oar!
B-5>DF
5ternet $oar!
3-5>DF
5ternet $oar!
B-5>DF
Service Plannin
The ser0ie planning infor/ation ontains all the para/eter infor/ation re6uired for
onfiguring the 'D data!
Copyright Huawei
@B(
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Table 1.1 Configuration infor/ation a.out the Dthernet ring protetion instane
Parameter N:# N:% N:& N:0
D2P& I, 1 1 1 1
Dast Port 3-D4B+-1 3-D4B+-1 3-D4B+-1 3-D4B+-1
Cest Port @-D4B+-1 @-D4B+-1 @-D4B+-1 @-D4B+-1
2P# $wner
2ing 'ode +lag
Oes 'o 'o 'o
2P# Port 3-D4B+-1 - - -
Control 1#-' @0A3 @0A3 @0A3 @0A3
Table 1.2 Configuration infor/ation a.out the D2P& para/eters
Parameter N:# N:% N:& N:0
Hold-$ff Ti/e
(/s)
0 0 0 0
<uard Ti/e
(/s)
(00 (00 (00 (00
CT2 Ti/e
(/in)
( ( ( (
Pa9et Trans/it
Inter0al (s)
( ( ( (
#+#2+##+% Con6uration Process
This topi desri.es the proedure for the data onfiguration!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step # &ee 1!1(!10!1 Creating Dthernet 2ing Protetion Instanes and reate the D2P instane!
The 0alues for the related para/eters are pro0ided as follows!
Copyright Huawei
@BB
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Parameter Value Rane
N:# N:% N:& N:0
22P& I, 1 1 1 1
Dast Port 3-D4B+-1 3-D4B+-1 3-D4B+-1 3-D4B+-1
Cest Port @-D4B+-1 @-D4B+-1 @-D4B+-1 @-D4B+-1
2P# $wner 2ing
'ode +lag
Oes 'o 'o 'o
2P# Port 3-D4B+-1 - - -
Control 1#-' @0A3 @0A3 @0A3 @0A3
Step % &ee 1!1(!10!2 &etting the Para/eters of Dthernet 2ing Protool and set the D2P& para/eters!
The 0alues for the related para/eters are pro0ided as follows!
N:# N:% N:& N:0
Hold-$ff Ti/e (/s) 0 0 0 0
<uard Ti/e (/s) (00 (00 (00 (00
CT2 Ti/e (/in) ( ( ( (
Pa9et Trans/it
Inter0al (s)
( ( ( (
....Ed
#+#2+#% Con6uration :9ampleD .ulti'rin Net7or,
This setion pro0ides an e;a/ple of how to plan and onfigure Dthernet ring protetion
swithing (D2P&) for a /ulti-ring networ9 .ased on networ9 onditions!
#+#2+#%+# :9ample Description
-s shown in +igure 1-1B0" 'D 1" 'D 2" 'D 3" 'D @" 'D (" and 'D B onstitute an /ulti-ring
networ9! Dthernet ring protetion swithing (D2P&) 12 is onfigured to protet Dthernet
ser0ies arried on the networ9!
&er0ie trans/ission on the networ9 is e;peted as follows7
Chen the /a:or ring is in the nor/al state" the ring protetion lin9 (2P#) owner node
('D @) .lo9s its 2P# port (east port)" and the 2P# neigh.or node ('D 1) .lo9s its 2P#
Copyright Huawei
@B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
neigh.or port (west port)! -ll ser0ies are trans/itted along the path 'D 1 -> 'D 2 ->
'D 3 -> 'D @! Chen a lin9 or an 'D on the /a:or ring fails" 'D @ un.lo9s its 2P# port
and 'D 1 un.lo9s its 2P# neigh.or port" so ser0ies an .e trans/itted o0er the lin9
.etween 'D 1 and 'D @!
Chen the su.-ring is in the nor/al state" the 2P# owner node ('D B) .lo9s its 2P# port
(east port)" and the 2P# neigh.or node ('D () .lo9s its 2P# neigh.or port (west port)!
-ll ser0ies are trans/itted o0er the lin9 .etween 'D 2 and 'D B and the lin9 .etween
'D 3 and 'D (! Chen a lin9 or an 'D on the su.-ring fails" 'D B un.lo9s its 2P# port
and 'D ( un.lo9s its 2P# neigh.or port" so ser0ies an .e trans/itted o0er the lin9
.etween 'D ( and 'D B! 'ote that the interonnetion node 'D 2 has only an east port
on the su.-ring" and the interonnetion node 'D 3 has only a west port on the su.-ring!
In addition" the following re6uire/ents /ust .e /et7
- ring auto/ati protetion swithing (2--P&) 0irtual hannel is deployed on the /a:or
ring!
The ring networ9 uses the re0erti0e /ode!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ for D2P&
R:, O%ner
11-5>20 @5+ R:, portA
13-5>20 @<A
R:, O%ner
11-5>20 @5+ R:, portA
13-5>20 @<A
R:, nei)$or no!e
11-5>20 @5A
13-5>20 @<+
nei)$or portA
11-5>20 @5+
>a4or rin) portA
13-5>20 @<+ >a4or rin)
port+ Ne3t nei)$or portA
D-5>20 @5+ Su$-rin)
R:, nei)$or no!e
11-5>20 @5+
nei)$or portA
13-5>20 @<A
11-5>20 @5+ >a4or rin)
13-5>20 @<+ >a4or
rin) portA
D-5>20 @<+ Su$-rin)
N51
N5 2 N5 3
N5 B
N5 5
N5 D
>a4or Rin)
Su$ Rin)
7(oc-e! port
Copyright Huawei
@B*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Service Plannin
The ser0ie planning infor/ation ontains all the para/eter infor/ation re6uired for
onfiguring the 'D data!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring an D2P instane (/a:or ring)
Parameter N: # N: % N: & N: 0
D2P& I, 1 1 1 1
Dast port 11-D420-1 11-D420-1 11-D420-1 11-D420-1
Cest port 13-D420-1 13-D420-1 13-D420-1 13-D420-1
D2P ring node
flag
'eigh.or port 'e;t neigh.or
port
'e;t neigh.or
port
2ing protetion
lin9 (2P#) port
+lag port 13-D420-1 13-D420-1 11-D420-1 11-D420-1
Control 1#-' @0A3 @0A3 @0A3 @0A3
Table 1.2 D2P& protool para/eters (/a:or ring)
Parameter N: # N: % N: & N: 0
1irtual hannel
1#-'
@0A2 @0A2 @0A2 @0A2
Holdoff ti/e
(/s)
0 0 0 0
<uard ti/e
(/s)
(00 (00 (00 (00
Cait to restore
(CT2) ti/e
(/in)
- - - (
Pa9et
trans/ission
inter0al (s)
( ( ( (
Table 1.( Para/eters for onfiguring an D2P instane (su.-ring)
Parameter N: % N: & N: 2 N: 4
D2P& I, 2 2 2 2
Dast port A-D420-1 - 11-D420-1 11-D420-1
Cest port - B-D420-1 13-D420-1 13-D420-1
D2P ring node
flag
'e;t neigh.or
port
'e;t neigh.or
port
'eigh.or port 2P# port
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+lag port B-D420-1 B-D420-1 11-D420-1 11-D420-1
Control 1#-' @0A3 @0A3 @0A3 @0A3
Table 1.7 D2P& protool para/eters (su.-ring)
1irtual hannel
status
Dna.led Dna.led Dna.led Dna.led
1irtual hannel
1#-'
@0A2 @0A2 @0A2 @0A2
4a:or ring I, 1 1 - -
Holdoff ti/e
(/s)
0 0 0 0
<uard ti/e
(/s)
(00 (00 (00 (00
CT2 ti/e
(/in)
- - - (
Pa9et
trans/ission
inter0al (s)
( ( ( (
Table 1.5 Para/eters for onfiguring a 1#-' swithing ta.le for 2--P& 0irtual hannels
Parameter N: % N: &
D2P& I, 2 2
1irtual hannel 1#-' @0A3 @0A3
4a:or ring I, 1 1
1irtual hannel 1#-' on
/a:or ring
@0A2 @0A2
#+#2+#%+% Con6uration Process
This topi desri.es the proedure for the data onfiguration!
PrereBuisites
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
52000
Procedure
Step # Create an Dthernet ring protetion (D2P) instane! +or details" see 1!1(!10!1 Creating Dthernet
2ing Protetion Instanes!
This ta.le pro0ides para/eter 0alues for reating an D2P instane for the /a:or ring!
Parameter Value
N: # N: % N: & N: 0
D2P& I, 1 1 1 1
Dast port 11-D420-1 11-D420-1 11-D420-1 11-D420-1
Cest port 13-D420-1 13-D420-1 13-D420-1 13-D420-1
D2P ring node flag 'eigh.or port 'e;t 'eigh.or Port 'e;t 'eigh.or Port 2P# Port
+lag port 13-D420-1 13-D420-1 11-D420-1 11-D420-1
Control 1#-' @0A3 @0A3 @0A3 @0A3
This ta.le pro0ides para/eter 0alues for reating an D2P instane for the su.-ring!
Parameter Value
N: % N: & N: 2 N: 4
D2P& I, 2 2 2 2
Dast port B-D420-1 - 11-D420-1 11-D420-1
Cest port - B-D420-1 13-D420-1 13-D420-1
D2P ring node flag 'e;t 'eigh.or Port 'e;t 'eigh.or Port 'eigh.or port 2P# Port
+lag port B-D420-1 B-D420-1 11-D420-1 11-D420-1
Control 1#-' @0A3 @0A3 @0A3 @0A3
Step % &et a ring auto/ati protetion swithing (2--P&) 0irtual hannel and assoiate the su.-ring
with the /a:or ring! +or details" see 1!1(!10!2 &etting the Para/eters of Dthernet 2ing
Protool!
This ta.le pro0ides para/eter 0alues to .e set on the /a:or ring!
Parameter Value
N: # N: % N: & N: 0
1irtual Channel @0A2 @0A2 @0A2 @0A2
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Parameter Value
N: # N: % N: & N: 0
1#-'s
This ta.le pro0ides para/eter 0alues to .e set on the su.-ring!
Parameter Value
N: % N: & N: 2 N: 4
1irtual hannel
status
Dna.le Dna.le Dna.le Dna.le
1irtual hannel
1#-'
@0A2 @0A2 @0A2 @0A2
4a:or ring I, 1 1 - -
Step & &et D2P& protool para/eters! +or details" see 1!1(!10!3 &etting <lo.al D2P& Protool
Para/eters!
This ta.le pro0ides 0alues of D2P& protool para/eters to .e set on the /a:or ring!
Parameter Value
N: # N: % N: & N: 0
Holdoff ti/e (/s) 0 0 0 0
<uard ti/e (/s) (00 (00 (00 (00
CT2 ti/e (/in) - - - 0(700
Pa9et trans/ission
inter0al (s)
( ( ( (
This ta.le pro0ides 0alues of D2P& protool para/eters to .e set on the su.-ring!
Parameter Value
N: % N: & N: 2 N: 4
Holdoff ti/e (/s) 0 0 0 0
<uard ti/e (/s) (00 (00 (00 (00
CT2 ti/e (/in) - - - 0(700
Pa9et trans/ission
inter0al (s)
( ( ( (
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Step 0 Create a 1#-' swithing ta.le for 2--P& 0irtual hannels! +or details" see 1!1(!10!@
Creating a 1irtual Channel 1#-' +orwarding Ta.le!
This ta.le pro0ides para/eter 0alues for reating a 1#-' swithing ta.le!
Parameter Value
N: % N: &
D2P& I, 2 2
1irtual hannel 1#-' @0A3 @0A3
4a:or ring I, 1 1
1irtual hannel 1#-' on /a:or
ring
@0A2 @0A2
....Ed
#+#2+#& Relevant Alarms and :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents assoiated with D2P&!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
45#TIH2P#H$
C'D2
Indiates that /ore than one 2P# owner e;ists on the Dthernet ring
networ9!
D2P&HI'HP2$T
DCTI$'
This alar/ ours when a faulty node on the D2P&-proteted ring
triggers protetion swithing!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to D2P&!
#+#2+#0 Parameters 8or Con6urin :RPS
This setion desri.es para/eters for onfiguring Dthernet ring protetion swithing (D2P&)!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring D2P&
D2P& I, $pti% $&' (007 1 to *
$pti% $&' ((07 1 to *
$pti% $&' (*07 1 to 32
&peifies the I, of an D2P
instane!
The I, of an D2P instane on an
'D /ust .e uni6ue!
Dast Port &lot nu/.er-.oard na/e-port &peifies the east port of an D2P
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
nu/.er instane!
Cest Port &lot nu/.er-.oard na/e-port
nu/.er
&peifies the west port of an D2P
instane!
2P# $wner 2ing 'ode +lag Oes" 'o
,efault 0alue7 'o
&peifies whether a node on the
ring is the ring protetion lin9
(2P#) owner!
$nly one node on a ring an .e set
as the 2P# owner for eah
Dthernet ring!
2P# Port &lot nu/.er-.oard na/e-port
nu/.er
&peifies the 2P# port!
There is only one 2P# port and
this 2P# port /ust .e the east or
west port on the 2P# owner node!
This para/eter is a0aila.le only
when 2)! Ower 2ig Node
Flag is set to <es!
Protetion 4ode 'on-re0erti0e 4ode" 2e0erti0e
4ode
,efault 0alue7 'on-re0erti0e 4ode
&peifies D2P& re0erti0e /odes!
This para/eter is a0aila.le only
when 2)! Ower 2ig Node
Flag is set to <es!
Control 1#-' 1 to @0A@ &peifies the 1#-' I, of Cotrol
'!AN!
-ll nodes on an Dthernet ring
trans/it 2--P& pa9ets on a
dediated ring -P& (2--P&)
hannel to ensure onsisteny
.etween these nodes when D2P&
swithing is perfor/ed! Cotrol
'!AN is used for isolating the
dediated 2--P& hannel!
Therefore" the 1#-' I, in
Cotrol '!AN /ust .e different
fro/ 1#-' I,s that are ontained
in ser0ie pa9ets or in.and ,C'
pa9ets!
The Cotrol '!AN /ust .e set to
the sa/e 0alue for all the nodes on
an D2P ring!
,estination 'ode 01-1A--3-00-00-01 ,isplays the destination node
4-C address!
Hold-$ff Ti/e (/s) 0 to 10000" in steps of 100
,efault 0alue7 0
,isplays and sets the hold-off ti/e
for D2P&!
CT2 Ti/e (//7ss) 01700" 02700" 03700" 0@700" 0(700"
0B700" 03700" 0*700" 0A700" 10700"
11700" 12700
,isplays and sets the wait to
restore (CT2) ti/e for D2P&!
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,efault 0alue7 01700
<uard Ti/e (/s) 10 to 10000" in steps of 10
,efault 0alue7 (00
,isplays and sets the guard ti/e
for D2P&! ,uring the guard ti/e"
the reei0ed 2--P& pa9ets are
disarded! Chen the guard ti/e
e;pires" the reei0ed 2--P&
pa9ets are forwarded diretly!
Pa9et Trans/it Inter0al (s) 1 to 10
,efault 0alue7 (
,isplays the inter0al for
trans/itting 2--P& pa9ets!
Dntity #e0el 0 to 3
,efault 0alue7 @
,isplays and sets the entity le0el!
#ast &withing 2e6uest 2aps ('2)" 2aps ('2" 2=)" CT2"
CT2 D;pires" 2asp (&+)" #oal
&+" #oal Clear &+" Initial 2e6uest
,isplays the last swithing re6uest!
2= &tatus no2=" 2= ,isplays the 2= status of pa9ets
reei0ed at the urrent node!
,'+ &tatus no,'+" ,'+ ,isplays the ,'+ status of pa9ets
reei0ed at the urrent node!
&tate 4ahine &tatus Idle" Protetion ,isplays the state /ahine status at
the urrent node!
'ode Carried with Current Pa9et 00-21-A3-02-,--1B ,isplays the 4-C address in
pa9ets reei0ed at the urrent
node" that is" the 4-C address of
the soure node that sends
swithing re6uests!
Dast Port &tatus =lo9" 5n.lo9 ,isplays the status of an east port!
Cest Port &tatus =lo9" 5n.lo9 ,isplays the status of a west port!
#+#4 Tunnel APS
This hapter desri.es the tunnel auto/ati protetion swithing (-P&) feature!
#+#4+# Introduction
This setion defines tunnel -P& and desri.es the purpose of using this feature!
De6nition
Tunnel -P& is a funtion that protets tunnels .ased on the -P& protool! Chen the wor9ing
tunnel is faulty" tunnel -P& swithes ser0ies to a preonfigured protetion tunnel!
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Tunnel -P& supported .y the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent has the following features7
Pro0ides end-to-end protetion for tunnels!
The wor9ing tunnel and protetion tunnel ha0e the sa/e ingress and egress nodes!
The protetion tunnel in the Tunnel -P& protetion pair does not arry e;tra traffi!
The 4P#& $-4 (.ased on IT5-T O!1311) or 4P#&-TP $-4 (.ased on IT5-T
<!*113!1) /ehanis/ is used to detet faults in tunnels" and the ingress and egress nodes
e;hange -P& protool pa9ets to ahie0e protetion swithing!
Purpose
Tunnel -P& is used to i/pro0e the relia.ility of ser0ie trans/ission o0er tunnels! Tunnel
-P& is used in two typial senarios7 o-soured and o-sin9ed tunnels" and o-soured
tunnels with different sin9s! +igure 1-1B1 and +igure 1-1B2 show the typial appliation
senarios!
+or o-soured and o-sin9ed tunnels" a tunnel -P& protetion group is reated .etween PD1
and PD2! <enerally" ser0ies are trans/itted on the wor9ing tunnel! Chen the wor9ing tunnel
is faulty" -P& ours and the ser0ies are swithed to the protetion tunnel!
Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of tunnel -P& (for o-soured and o-sin9ed tunnels)
No!e7
RNC
:51
Tu!!e" A+S
:52
No!e7
'unne(1
+SN
Tu!!e" A+S
'unne(2
<or-in) 'unne(
:rotection 'unne(
+or o-soured tunnels with different sin9s" tunnel -P& wor9s with 4C-#-< to i/ple/ent
ross-e6uip/ent protetion! -s shown in +igure 1-1B2" PD1 is an aess-layer 'D" and PD2
and PD3 are 'Ds at the .a9.one on0ergene layer! - tunnel -P& protetion group is reated
.etween PD1 and PD2 and .etween PD1 and PD3! <enerally" ser0ies are trans/itted on the
wor9ing tunnel! Chen the wor9ing tunnel is faulty" -P& ours and the ser0ies are swithed
to the protetion tunnel!
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Figure 1.2 Typial appliation of tunnel -P& (for o-soured tunnels with different sin9s)
No!e7
:51
:53
:52
>C-,.G
RNC
+SN
Tu!!e" A+S .
S
<or-in) 'unne(
>u(ti-cassis s#ncronous co""unication
.cti/e @carr#in) ser/icesA
Stan!$# @not carr#in) ser/icesA
:rotection 'unne(
.
S
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with Tunnel -P&!
#+#4+%+# Protection Type
Tunnel -P& an .e lassified .y protetion /ehanis/" swithing /ode" and re0erti0e /ode!
Protection .echanism
4P#& -P& is lassified into 1L1 protetion and 171 protetion .y protetion /ehanis/!
1L1 protetion
'or/ally" the trans/it end trans/its ser0ies to the wor9ing tunnel and protetion
tunnel" and the reei0e end reei0es ser0ies fro/ the wor9ing tunnel! Chen the wor9ing
tunnel is faulty" the reei0e end reei0es ser0ies fro/ the protetion tunnel!
171 protetion
'or/ally" ser0ies are trans/itted in the wor9ing tunnel! The protetion tunnel is idle!
Chen the wor9ing tunnel is faulty" ser0ies are trans/itted in the protetion tunnel!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only 171 protetion!
S7itchin .ode
Tunnel -P& is lassified into the single-ended swithing and the dual-ended swithing .y
swithing /ode!
&ingle-ended swithing
&ingle-ended swithing is unidiretional swithing! That is" when the forward or re0erse
wor9ing tunnel is faulty" only the ser0ie in the diretion where the fault ours is
swithed to the protetion tunnel!
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In regards to the single-ended swithing" the swithing operations in the two diretions
are not assoiated with eah other!
,ual-ended swithing
,ual-ended swithing is .idiretional swithing! That is" when the forward or re0erse
wor9ing tunnel is faulty" the ser0ie in .oth diretions is swithed to the protetion
tunnel!
,ual-ended swithing ensures that the ser0ie is trans/itted and reei0ed along one trail"
failitating ser0ie /anage/ent and /aintenane!
Revertive .ode
Tunnel -P& is lassified into the re0erti0e /ode and the non-re0erti0e /ode .y re0erti0e
/ode!
2e0erti0e /ode
In re0erti0e /ode" the ser0ie is auto/atially swithed .a9 to the wor9ing tunnel after
the wor9ing tunnel is restored and the nor/al state lasts for a ertain period! The period
after the wor9ing tunnel is restored and .efore the ser0ie is swithed .a9 to the
wor9ing tunnel is alled the wait-to-restore (CT2) ti/e!
'on-re0erti0e /ode
In non-re0erti0e /ode" the ser0ie is not auto/atially swithed .a9 to the wor9ing
tunnel e0en after the wor9ing tunnel is restored! Howe0er" the ser0ie will .e swithed
.a9 if the protetion tunnel fails or an e;ternal o//and triggers protetion swithing!
#+#4+%+% S7itchin Conditions
Tunnel -P& an .e loally triggered .y a signal fail (&+) ondition or .y an e;ternal
swithing o//and! In dual-ended swithing /ode" the loal 'D an also perfor/ swithing
aording to the notifiation returned fro/ the re/ote 'D!
If two swithing onditions e;ist at the sa/e ti/e" the higher-priority swithing ondition pree/pts the
other one!
Table 1.1 &withing onditions for Tunnel -P&
S7itchin
Condition
Prio
rity
Description
Clear swithing
(e;ternal
swithing)
The
priorit
ies are
arrang
ed in
dese
nding
order!
This o//and lears all the other e;ternal swithing
operations!
#o9out of
protetion
hannel
(e;ternal
swithing)
Chen the protetion tunnel is lo9ed out" the ser0ie is not
allowed to .e swithed fro/ the wor9ing tunnel to the
protetion tunnel! If the ser0ie is already swithed to the
protetion tunnel" the o//and will fori.ly swith it .a9 to
the wor9ing tunnel e0en when the wor9ing tunnel is not
restored! Therefore" if the protetion swithing has .een
perfor/ed" running this o//and /ay interrupt the ser0ie!
&+-P swithing
(auto/ati
swithing)
The signal fail for protetion (&+-P) ondition indiates that
the protetion tunnel fails! If the protetion tunnel fails" the
ser0ie arried .y the protetion tunnel is auto/atially
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S7itchin
Condition
Prio
rity
Description
swithed to the wor9ing tunnel!
+ored
swithing
(e;ternal
swithing)
If the lo9out of protetion hannel ondition or the &+-P
ondition e;ists" no fored swithing ours!
This o//and fori.ly swithes the ser0ie fro/ the wor9ing
tunnel to the protetion tunnel! -fterwards" the ser0ie will not
.e swithed .a9 to the wor9ing tunnel e0en when the
wor9ing tunnel is restored! Howe0er" when a swithing
ondition has a higher priority" the fored swithing is
pree/pted!
&+ swithing
(auto/ati
swithing)
If the lo9out of protetion hannel ondition" &+-P ondition"
or fored swithing ondition e;ists" no &+ swithing ours!
The &+ swithing is triggered .y the 4P#& $-4 detetion
/ehanis/! +or the onditions triggering the &+ swithing" see
Ta.le 1-1B3!
4anual
swithing
(e;ternal
swithing)
fored swithing ondition" or &+ swithing ondition e;ists"
no /anual swithing ours!
4anual swithing is a0aila.le in two types7 /anual swithing
to protetion and /anual swithing to wor9ing!
In response to the /anual swithing to protetion o//and"

the ser0ie is swithed fro/ the wor9ing tunnel to the
protetion tunnel!
In response to the /anual swithing to wor9ing o//and"

the ser0ie is swithed fro/ the protetion tunnel to the
wor9ing tunnel!
2e0erti0e
swithing (0alid
only in re0erti0e
/ode)
If &+ swithing ours" the ser0ie is swithed fro/ the
wor9ing tunnel to the protetion tunnel! If the wor9ing tunnel
is restored to nor/al afterwards and the nor/al state lasts until
the CT2 ti/e elapses" the ser0ie is swithed .a9 to the
wor9ing tunnel!
The swithing re/ains in the CT2 state after the wor9ing
tunnel is restored to nor/al and .efore re0erti0e swithing
ours! -fter the re0erti0e swithing" the swithing hanges to
the nor/al state!
D;erise
swithing
(e;ternal
swithing)
This o//and is used to test whether the -P& protool wor9s
nor/ally! -tually" no swithing ours and the ser0ie will
not .e affeted!
Table 1.2 Trigger onditions for Tunnel -P& &+ swithing
S7itchin Condition Description
4P#&HTunnelHD;ess ,efault ondition
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4P#&HTunnelH#$C1 ,efault ondition
4P#&HTunnelH4I&4-TCH ,efault ondition
4P#&HTunnelH&+ ,efault ondition
4P#&HTunnelH+,I ,efault ondition
4P#&HTunnelH=,I $ptional ondition
4P#&HTunnelH&, ,efault ondition
-n optional ondition an trigger Tunnel -P& &+ swithing only after it is seleted! =y default" the
alar/s do not trigger Tunnel -P& &+ swithing!
This setion desri.es the speifiations for Tunnel -P&!
Item Speci6cations
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of Tunnel -P&
protetion groups
$pti% $&' (007 32
$pti% $&' ((07 B@
$pti% $&' (*07 @0AB
NOTE
Tunnel -P& and PC -P& share protetion group
resoures!
Protetion Type 171
&withing Protool -P&
&withing 4ode $pti% $&' (007 &ingle-ended swithing
and dual-ended swithing
$pti% $&' ((07 &ingle-ended swithing
and dual-ended swithing
$pti% $&' (*07 ,ual-ended swithing
NOTE
,ual-ended swithing is reo//ended!
'on-re0erti0e
Protetion swithing duration &withing duration7 W (0 /s (for two tunnel
-P& protetion groups with 1B PCs per
group after a lin9 is faulty .idiretionally)
Hold-off ti/e 0 /s to 10000 /s
&withing triggered .y the =,I pa9et $pti% $&' (007 &upported
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Item Speci6cations
NOTE
This funtion is supported when Tunnel -P& is in
171 single-ended re0erti0e /ode or 171 single-
ended non-re0erti0e /ode!
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with Tunnel -P&!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with Tunnel -P&7
IT5-T O!13207 Protetion swithing for 4P#& networ9s
IT5-T <!*1317 #inear protetion swithing for transport 4P#&(T-4P#&) networ9s
#+#4+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the Tunnel -P& feature and
its dependenies!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+#4+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for tunnel -P& in the networ9 design
phase" onfiguration and o//issioning phase" and /aintenane phase!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
Dntire feature The interonneted 'Ds
/ust .e onfigured the
sa/e!
')-
If two swithing onditions
for tunnel -P& e;ist at the
sa/e ti/e" the higher-
priority swithing ondition
pree/pts the other one!
')-
Protetion type ,ual-ended swithing is $nly the $pti% $&' (00
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation Details
Remar,s
reo//ended when the
e6uip/ent support .oth the
single-ended swithing and
dual-ended swithing!
in0ol0ed!
Protetion type The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
supports only 171 tunnel
-P&!
')-
$-4 funtion =efore tunnel -P& is
ena.led" $-4 /ust .e
ena.led for the wor9ing and
protetion tunnels!
4a9e sure that tunnel -P&
funtions properly!
&withing /ode The $pti% $&' (*0
supports only dual-ended
swithing!
')-
features
Tunnel -P& and PC -P&
share protetion group
resoures!
annot .e ena.led
si/ultaneously!
')-
5imitation Details
Remar,s
Protool status Chen you reate a
protetion group on a Per-
'D =asis" set )rotocol
%tatus to ,isabled! &tart the
protool only when the -P&
protetion groups are
suessfully reated at .oth
ends!
If the -P& protool is first
ena.led at the loal 'D and
then at the opposite 'D" the
opposite 'D /ay reei0e
ser0ies a.nor/ally!
=andwidth The .andwidth of the
protetion tunnel /ust .e no
less than that of the wor9ing
tunnel!
To inrease the .andwidth
of the wor9ing tunnel after
the protetion group is
reated" inrease the
.andwidth of the protetion
tunnel first!
4a9e sure that ser0ies are
not interrupted during
swithing!
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation Details
Remar,s
Dntire feature The tunnel -P& groups at
.oth ends /ust .e
deati0ated .efore tunnel
-P& is deleted!
')-
&withing /ode D;erise swithing annot
.e perfor/ed at only one
end!
in0ol0ed!
#+#4+* Principles
Tunnel -P& uses the 4P#& $-4 /ehanis/ to detet faults in tunnels" and the ingress and
egress nodes e;hange -P& protool pa9ets for protetion swithing!
#+#4+*+# Sinle':nded S7itchin
Chen 4P#& -P& is in single-ended swithing /ode" the -P& protool is not used for
swithing!
)e8ore S7itchin
=oth the ingress and egress nodes trans/it ser0ie pa9ets through the wor9ing tunnel!
=oth the ingress and egress nodes reei0e ser0ie pa9ets fro/ the wor9ing and
protetion tunnels! &ine the protetion tunnel does not trans/it ser0ie pa9ets" the
ingress and egress nodes atually reei0e ser0ie pa9ets fro/ the wor9ing tunnel!
=oth the ingress and egress nodes use 4P#& $-4 to he9 the onneti0ity of eah
4P#& tunnel!
Durin S7itchin
+igure 1-1B3 and +igure 1-1B@ show the single-ended swithing on the egress node when the
forwarding wor9ing tunnel is faulty!
Copyright Huawei
@*@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Priniple of the single-ended swithing (after the swithing on the egress node)
S%itcin)
2n)ress 5)ress
For%ar! %or-in)
tunne(
For%ar! protection
tunne(
Re/erse
%or-in) tunne(
Re/erse protection
tunne(
Ser/ice For%ar! %or-in) tunne( (a$e(
Re/erse %or-in) tunne( (a$e(
2n)ress 5)ress
For%ar! %or-in)
tunne(
For%ar! protection
tunne(
Re/erse
%or-in) tunne(
Re/erse protection
tunne(
Re/erse protection tunne( (a$e(
The single-ended swithing is i/ple/ented as follows7
1! Chen deteting a fault" the egress node swithes fro/ the re0erse wor9ing tunnel to the
re0erse protetion tunnel" and trans/its ser0ie pa9ets through the re0erse protetion
tunnel! In addition" the egress node trans/its .a9ward defet indiation (=,I) pa9ets
to the ingress node!
2! &ingle-ended swithing ours on the ingress node if =,I swithing is ena.led on the
ingress node! That is" the ingress node swithes fro/ the forward wor9ing tunnel to the
forward protetion tunnel" and trans/its ser0ie pa9ets through the forward protetion
tunnel!
3! =oth the ingress and egress nodes reei0e ser0ie pa9ets fro/ the wor9ing and
protetion tunnels! -fter swithing" ser0ie pa9ets are trans/itted through the
protetion tunnel! Therefore" the ingress and egress nodes atually reei0e ser0ie
pa9ets fro/ the protetion tunnel! &ee +igure 1-1B@!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.2 Priniple of the single-ended swithing (after the swithing on the ingress node)
Ser/ice
For%ar! protection tunne( (a$e(
2n)ress 5)ress
For%ar! %or-in)
tunne(
For%ar! protection
tunne(
Re/erse
%or-in) tunne(
Re/erse protection
tunne(
A8ter S7itchin
If 4P#& -P& 171 single-ended swithing is in re0erti0e /ode" the ser0ie in the protetion
tunnel is swithed .a9 to the nor/al wor9ing tunnel after the CT2 ti/e elapses!
#+#4+*+% Dual':nded S7itchin
Chen tunnel -P& is in dual-ended swithing /ode" the -P& protool is used to perfor/
switho0ers!
)e8ore S7itchin
The ingress and egress nodes e;hange -P& protool pa9ets o0er the protetion tunnel"
and then they are aware of the status of eah other! Chen the wor9ing tunnel is found
faulty" the ingress and egress nodes an perfor/ the protetion swithing" swithing
hold-off" and wait-to-restore (CT2) funtions! In this ase" the re6uest state of the -P&
protool pa9et should .e No 2e?uest!
The 4P#& $-4 /ehanis/ is used to perfor/ unidiretional ontinuity he9s on all
the tunnels!
Durin S7itchin
+igure 1-1B( shows the priniple of the dual-ended swithing" assu/ing a fault in the forward
wor9ing tunnel!
Copyright Huawei
@*B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Priniple of the dual-ended swithing
S%itcin)
2n)ress 5)ress
For%ar!
%or-in) tunne(
For%ar!
protection tunne(
Re/erse
%or-in) tunne(
Re/erse
protection tunne(
2n)ress 5)ress
For%ar!
%or-in) tunne(
For%ar!
protection tunne(
Re/erse
%or-in) tunne(
Re/erse
protection tunne(
2n)ress 5)ress
For%ar!
%or-in) tunne(
For%ar!
protection tunne(
Re/erse
%or-in) tunne(
Re/erse
protection tunne(
The dual-ended swithing is i/ple/ented as follows7
1! Chen the egress node detets a fault in the forward wor9ing tunnel" it is swithed to the
forward protetion tunnel and is .ridged to the re0erse protetion tunnel at the sa/e
ti/e!
N The egress node reei0es the ser0ie fro/ the forward protetion tunnel instead of the
forward wor9ing tunnel! In addition" the egress node sends the -P& protool pa9et
arrying a .ridging re6uest to the ingress node!
N The egress node /odifies the tunnel that the +DC tra0els through! That is" the tunnel
that the +DC tra0els through is hanged fro/ the re0erse wor9ing tunnel to the
re0erse protetion tunnel! In this ase" the pa9et in the +DC enapsulates the 4P#&
la.el orresponding to the re0erse protetion tunnel so that the ser0ie an .e .ridged
to the re0erse protetion tunnel! 4eanwhile" the egress node sends the -P& protool
pa9et arrying a swithing re6uest to the ingress node!
?=ridging? /eans that the e6uip/ent trans/its the ser0ie to the protetion tunnel instead of the
wor9ing tunnel!
?&withing? /eans that the e6uip/ent reei0es the ser0ie fro/ the protetion tunnel instead of the
wor9ing tunnel!
2! $n the reeption of the -P& protool pa9et arrying a swithing re6uest" the ingress
node perfor/s the following operations7
N The ingress node /odifies the tunnel that the +DC tra0els through! That is" the tunnel
that the +DC tra0els through is hanged fro/ the forward wor9ing tunnel to the
forward protetion tunnel! In this ase" the pa9et in the +DC enapsulates the 4P#&
la.el orresponding to the forward protetion tunnel so that the ser0ie an .e
.ridged to the forward protetion tunnel!
N The ingress node reei0es the ser0ie fro/ the re0erse protetion tunnel instead of the
re0erse wor9ing tunnel!
3! The ser0ie is trans/itted in the forward and re0erse protetion tunnels!
A8ter S7itchin
If tunnel -P& 171 dual-ended swithing is in re0erti0e /ode" the ser0ie is swithed .a9 to
the nor/al forward and re0erse wor9ing tunnels after the CT2 ti/e elapses!
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#4+1 Creatin a Co'sourced and Co'sin,ed Tunnel
APS Protection Group
Oou an reate a tunnel protetion group to protet ser0ies trans/itted .y a tunnel! - o-
soured and o-sin9ed Tunnel -P& protetion group /ust .e onfigured at the soure and sin9
'Ds of the tunnel!
PrereBuisites
The wor9ing and protetion tunnels ha0e .een reated!
4P#& $-4 has .een ena.led for .oth the wor9ing and protetion tunnels in the
protetion group!
The 4P#& $-4 pa9et type has .een set to ++, and the pa9et sending period has
.een set to 3!3 /s!
Precautions
The protetion tunnel should not arry any e;tra ser0ies!
Procedure
A)% )rotectio Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New! The New Tuel )rotectio 9rou- dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &peify the wor9ing tunnel and the protetion tunnel and set the following para/eters for the
tunnel protetion group7
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)rotectio T/-e7 This para/eter an .e set to 1=1!
This para/eter an .e set to only 1=1 for the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent!
%witc$ig Mode7 This para/eter an .e set to %igle.Eded or ,ual.Eded" and ,ual.
Eded is reo//ended!
2e&erti&e Mode7 This para/eter an .e set to No.2e&erti&e or 2e&erti&e!
>old.off Time 3166 ms47 The 0alue of this para/eter is in 100 /illiseonds! The 0alue
an .e an integral that ranges fro/ 0 to 100 (that is" 0 to 10 seonds)!
Chen you reate a protetion group" set the )rotocol %tatus para/eter to ,isabled! Dna.le
the protool only after the -P& protetion group is suessfully reated on 'Ds at .oth ends!
Step 0 Cli9 OK! The onfiguration for the tunnel protetion group is o/plete!
The .andwidth of the protetion tunnel should .e greater than the .andwidth of the wor9ing tunnel! To
inrease the .andwidth of the wor9ing tunnel after the protetion group is reated" inrease the
.andwidth of the protetion tunnel first!
Step 2 2epeat &teps &tep 1 to &tep @ to onfigure the protetion group on the sin9 'D of the tunnel!
Step 4 &tart the protool for the Tunnel -P& protetion group!
1! In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D and then hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
Cofiguratio > A)% )rotectio Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
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2! 2ight-li9 the -P& protetion group that is already reated" and then hoose %tart
)rotocol fro/ the shortut /enu!
3! - dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful! It shows that the
0alue of the )rotocol %tatus para/eter of the -P& protetion group .eo/es Eabled!
Step * O-tioal= &elet a tunnel protetion group" and then li9 Fuctio! In this /anner" you an
issue ertain e;ternal swithing o//ands!
....Ed
#+#4+/ Creatin a Co'sourced Tunnel APS Protection
Group 7ith Di@erent Sin,s
Oou an reate a tunnel protetion group to protet ser0ies trans/itted .y a tunnel! - o-
soured Tunnel -P& protetion group with different sin9s re6uires the following
onfigurations7 tunnel protetion group on the soure 'D" o-soured and o-sin9ed Tunnel
-P& protetion group on the sin9 'Ds" and 4C-#-< at the 5'I side of sin9 'Ds!
PrereBuisites
- wor9ing tunnel and a protetion tunnel for onfiguring a o-soured Tunnel -P&
protetion group with different sin9s ha0e .een reated!
4P#& $-4 has .een ena.led for .oth wor9ing and protetion tunnels in the protetion
group!
The $-4 pa9et type has .een set to ++, and the sending period has .een set to 3!3 /s!
The protetion tunnel in the protetion group does not arry e;tra ser0ies!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent does not support 4C-#-<!
Procedure
A)% )rotectio Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New! The New Tuel )rotectio 9rou- dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &peify the wor9ing tunnel and the protetion tunnel and set the following para/eters for the
tunnel protetion group7
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)rotectio T/-e7 This para/eter an .e set to 1=1!
This para/eter an .e set to only 1=1 for the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent!
%witc$ig Mode7 This para/eter an .e set to %igle.Eded or ,ual.Eded" and ,ual.
Eded is reo//ended!
2e&erti&e Mode7 This para/eter an .e set to No.2e&erti&e or 2e&erti&e!
>old.off Time 3166 ms47 The 0alue of this para/eter is in 100 /illiseonds! The 0alue
an .e an integral that ranges fro/ 0 to 100 (that is" 0 to 10 seonds)!
Step 0 Cli9 OK! The onfiguration for the tunnel protetion group is o/plete!
The .andwidth of the protetion tunnel should .e greater than the .andwidth of the wor9ing tunnel! To
inrease the .andwidth of the wor9ing tunnel after the protetion group is reated" inrease the
.andwidth of the protetion tunnel first!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#4+#" Con6uration :9ample $Co'sourced and Co'
sin,ed Tunnel APS(
This setion desri.e how to plan and onfigure o-soured and o-sin9ed tunnel -P&!
#+#4+#"+# :9ample Description
- 2 4.it)s ser0ie is re6uired .etween an 'ode= and an 2'C! -fter the 2 4.it)s ser0ie is
enapsulated" it is trans/itted in the wor9ing tunnel 'D1-'D2-'D@ as shown in +igure 1-
1BB! =eause the 2 4.it)s ser0ie has a stringent re6uire/ent for seurity" a protetion tunnel
'D1-'D3-'D@ needs to .e reated to protet the 2 4.it)s ser0ie! To /eet the re6uire/ent"
onfigure Tunnel -P& 171 protetion for the two tunnels!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of Tunnel -P&
+SN
:rotecti on tunne(
<or-i n) tunne(
RNC
N51
N5B
N52
N53
No!e7
Service Plannin
In this e;a/ple" 'D1 and 'D@ are respeti0ely onneted to the 'ode= and the 2'C through
their D1 interfaes! 'Ds are onneted to eah other through their +D interfaes!
Station ;or,in Tunnel Protection Tunnel
'D1 Ingress Tunnel
I,
Dgress Tunnel
I,
Ingress Tunnel
I,
Dgress Tunnel
I,
1 2 3 @
'D2 Positi0e Transit
Tunnel I,
2e0erse Transit
Tunnel I,
- -
1 2 - -
'D3 - - Positi0e Transit
Tunnel I,
2e0erse Transit
Tunnel I,
- - 3 @
Copyright Huawei
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Station ;or,in Tunnel Protection Tunnel
'D@ Ingress Tunnel
I,
Dgress Tunnel
I,
Ingress Tunnel
I,
Dgress Tunnel
I,
2 1 @ 3
Two tunnels are reated on 'D1! The wor9ing tunnel is tunnel 1 whose tunnel I, is 1 in the
ingress diretion and 2 in the egress diretion! The protetion tunnel is tunnel 2 whose tunnel
I, is 3 in the ingress diretion and @ in the egress diretion!
- tunnel is reated on 'D2 as a transit tunnel! Its positi0e tunnel I, is 1 and its re0erse tunnel
I, is 2!
- tunnel is reated on 'D3 as a transit tunnel! Its positi0e tunnel I, is 3 and its re0erse tunnel
I, is @!
Two tunnels are reated on 'D@! The wor9ing tunnel is tunnel 1 whose tunnel I, is 2 in the
ingress diretion and 1 in the egress diretion! The protetion tunnel is tunnel 2 whose tunnel
I, is @ in the ingress diretion and 3 in the egress diretion!
-ording to Tunnel -P& onfiguration priniples" you /ust set 4P#& $-4 para/eters for
the two tunnels and ena.le the 4P#& $-4 funtion in the ingress diretion of the two
tunnels .efore onfiguring a Tunnel -P& protetion group! &et the $-4 pa9et type to ++,
and pa9et sending period to 3!3 /s!
#+#4+#"+% Con6uration Process
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e fa/iliar with infor/ation pro0ided in networ9ing" re6uire/ents" and ser0ie
planning of the e;a/ple!
The two tunnels re6uired .y a Tunnel -P& protetion group ha0e .een reated!
Procedure
Step # Dna.le the 4P#& $-4 funtion for the two tunnels and set para/eters for $-4 pa9ets!
1! In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D1 and then hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio
> M)!% Maagemet > #icast Tuel Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
2! Cli9 the OAM )arameters ta.! &et OAM %tatus to Eabled for the tunnels whose I,s
are 1" 2" 3" and @!
3! &et ,etectio )ac*et T/-e to FF, and ,etectio )ac*et )eriod3ms4 to 3!3 /s for the
tunnels whose I,s are 1 and 3!
@! Cli9 A--l/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the
operation is suessful!
(! Cli9 Close!
B! 2efer to the preeding operations" and set ,etectio )ac*et T/-e to FF, and ,etectio
)ac*et )eriod3ms4 to 3!3 /s for the tunnels whose I,s are 2 and @ at 'D2!
Step % Create a Tunnel -P& protetion group at 'D1!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1! In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D1 and then hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio
> A)% )rotectio Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
2! Cli9 New" and the New Tuel )rotectio 9rou- dialog .o; is displayed! &et
para/eters as follows7
N &et )rotectio T/-e to 1=1!
N &et %witc$ig Mode to ,ual.Eded!
N &et "or*ig 1gress Tuel 1, to 1!
N &et "or*ig Egress Tuel 1, to 2!
N &et )rotectio 1gress Tuel 1, to (!
N &et )rotectio Egress Tuel 1, to 7!
N &et 2e&erti&e Mode to No.2e&erti&e!
N &et >old.off Time 3166 ms4 to 6!
N &et )rotocol %tatus to ,isabled!
Chen you reate a protetion group" set the )rotocol %tatus para/eter to ,isabled! Dna.le
the protool only after the -P& protetion group is suessfully reated on 'Ds at .oth ends!
In the onfiguration proess" if the -P& protool is first ena.led at the loal 'D and then at
the opposite 'D" errors /ay our when the opposite 'D reei0es ser0ies!
Step & Create a Tunnel -P& protetion group at 'D@! 2epeat the operations in &tep &tep 2!
....Ed
#+#4+## Con6uration :9ample $Co'sourced )ut Not'
co'sin,ed Tunnel APS(
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure o-soured .ut not-o-
sin9ed tunnel -P&!
#+#4+##+# :9ample Description
Interwor9ing .etween an 'ode= and an 2'C is re6uired and this has a stringent re6uire/ent
for seurity! - Tunnel -P& protetion group /ust .e onfigured to ensure suessful
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
interwor9ing .etween the 'ode= and 2'C when the 5'I side of the 2'C or the networ9
side .eo/es faulty!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ for a o-soured Tunnel -P& protetion group with different sin9s
N53
>u(ti-cassis s#ncronous
co""unication canne(
.cti/e (in- @carr#in) ser/icesA
Stan!$# (in-
@carr#in) no ser/icesA
A
S
0N2 si!e NN2 si!e
<or-in) canne(
:rotection canne(
W
+
Si)na( f(o%
'unne(
No!e7
A
N51
>C-,.G
S
'unne( .:S
W
+
N52
'unne(
.:S
Non-!ua(-o"e! no!e
Dua(-o"e! no!e
,.G1
,.G2
RNC
Solution
Configure a o-soured Tunnel -P& protetion group with different sin9s on 'D1" a o-
soured and o-sin9ed Tunnel -P& protetion group at the ''I side of 'D2 and 'D3" and an
4C-#-< at the 5'I side of 'D2 and 'D3! The onfigurations an i/ple/ent ''I-side and
5'I-side ser0ie protetion .etween 'D1 and the 2'C!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent does not support 4C-#-<! In the networ9ing diagra/" 'D1 is an $pti%
$&' e6uip/ent" 'D2 and 'D3 are $pti% $&' e6uip/ent at the .a9.one)on0ergene layer!
Service Plannin
Oou need to plan the following data7
Cor9ing tunnel .etween 'D1 and 'D2
Protetion tunnel .etween 'D1 and 'D3
Co-soured Tunnel -P& protetion group with different sin9s ('D1 is the soure" and
'D2 and 'D3 are the sin9s)
Cor9ing and protetion tunnels .etween 'D2 and 'D3
Co-soured and o-sin9ed Tunnel -P& protetion group at the ''I side of 'D2 and 'D3
#-< on 'D2 and 'D3
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4C-#-< at the 5'I side of 'D2 and 'D3
Table 1.1 ,ata for onfiguring the wor9ing tunnel .etween 'D1 and 'D2" and protetion tunnel
.etween 'D1 and 'D3
Port 3-D4B+-
1(P$2T-1)
3-D4B+-
2(P$2T-2)
3-PD++*-
1(P$2T-1)
3-PD++*-
1(P$2T-1)
&peify IP
-ddress
4anually 4anually 4anually 4anually
IP -ddress 10!0!0!1 10!0!1!1 10!0!0!2 10!0!1!2
#&2 I, 130!0!0!1 130!0!0!2 130!0!0!3
Tunnel I, 3000 A000 3000 A000
Tunnel 'a/e 3000 A000 3000 A000
'ode Type Ingress Ingress Dgress Dgress
,iretion =idiretional =idiretional =idiretional =idiretional
CI2(9.it)s) 'o li/it 'o li/it 'o li/it 'o li/it
In =oard)#ogi
Interfae Type
- - 3-PD++* 3-PD++*
In Port - - 1(P$2T-1) 1(P$2T-1)
+orward
Ino/ing #a.el
- - 1A 21
2e0erse
$utgoing #a.el
- - 20 22
$ut
=oard)#ogi
Interfae Type
3-D4B+ 3-D4B+ - -
$ut Port 1(P$2T-1) 2(P$2T-2) - -
+orward
$utgoing #a.el
1A 21 - -
2e0erse
Ino/ing #a.el
20 22 - -
+orward 'e;t
Hop -ddress
10!0!0!2 10!0!1!2 - -
2e0erse 'e;t
Hop -ddress
- - 10!0!0!1 10!0!1!1
&oure 'ode - - 130!0!0!1 130!0!0!1
&in9 'ode 130!0!0!2 130!0!0!3 - -
Copyright Huawei
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Table 1.2 ,ata for onfiguring a o-soured Tunnel -P& protetion group with different sin9s
('D1 is the soure" and 'D2 and 'D3 are the sin9s)
Parameter N:#
Protetion Type 171
&withing 4ode ,ual-Dnded
Cor9ing Tunnel Type 4P#& Tunnel
Cor9ing Ingress Tunnel I, 3000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!1"&in9
'ode7130!0!0!2)
Cor9ing Ingress Tunnel 'a/e 3000
Cor9ing Dgress Tunnel I, 3000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!1"&in9
'ode7130!0!0!2)
Cor9ing Dgress Tunnel 'a/e 3000
Protetion Ingress Tunnel I, A000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!1"&in9
'ode7130!0!0!3)
Protetion Ingress Tunnel 'a/e A000
Protetion Dgress Tunnel I, A000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!1"&in9
'ode7130!0!0!3)
Protetion Dgress Tunnel 'a/e A000
2e0erti0e 4ode 'on-2e0erti0e
CT2 Ti/e (100 /s) 0
Protool &tatus ,isa.led
Table 1.( ,ata for onfiguring a wor9ing and protetion tunnels .etween 'D2 and 'D3
Parameter N:% N:&
Port 3-PD++*-
2(P$2T-2)
3-PD++*-
((P$2T-()
3-PD++*-
2(P$2T-2)
3-PD++*-
((P$2T-()
&peify IP
-ddress
IP -ddress 10!0!2!2 10!0!3!2 10!0!2!3 10!0!3!3
#&2 I, 130!0!0!2 130!0!0!3
Tunnel I, B000 *000 B000 *000
Tunnel 'a/e B000 *000 B000 *000
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Parameter N:% N:&
In =oard)#ogi
Interfae Type
- - 3-PD++* 3-PD++*
In Port - - 1(P$2T-1) 1(P$2T-1)
+orward
Ino/ing #a.el
- - 23 2(
2e0erse
$utgoing #a.el
- - 2@ 2B
$ut
=oard)#ogi
Interfae Type
3-PD++* 3-PD++* - -
$ut Port 2(P$2T-2) ((P$2T-() - -
+orward
$utgoing #a.el
23 2( - -
2e0erse
Ino/ing #a.el
2@ 2B - -
+orward 'e;t
Hop -ddress
10!0!2!3 10!0!3!3 - -
2e0erse 'e;t
Hop -ddress
- - 10!0!2!2 10!0!3!2
&oure 'ode - - 130!0!0!2 130!0!0!2
&in9 'ode 130!0!0!3 130!0!0!3 - -
Table 1.7 ,ata for onfiguring a o-soured and o-sin9ed Tunnel -P& protetion group at the
''I side of 'D2 and 'D3
Parameter N:% N:&
Protetion Type 171
Cor9ing Ingress Tunnel I, B000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!2"#in9 'ode7130!0!0!3)
Cor9ing Ingress Tunnel
'a/e
B000
Cor9ing Dgress Tunnel I, B000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!2"#in9 'ode7130!0!0!3)
Copyright Huawei
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Parameter N:% N:&
Cor9ing Dgress Tunnel
'a/e
B000
Protetion Ingress Tunnel
I,
*000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!2"#in9 'ode7130!0!0!3)
'a/e
*000
Protetion Dgress Tunnel
I,
*000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!2"#in9 'ode7130!0!0!3)
'a/e
*000
CT2 Ti/e (100 /s) 0
Table 1.5 ,ata for onfiguring a #-< on 'D2 and 'D3
Parameter N:% N:&
Port 3-PD++*-3(P$2T-3)
3-PD++*-@(P$2T-@)
3-PD++*-3(P$2T-3)
3-PD++*-@(P$2T-@)
Port 4ode #ayer 2 #ayer 2
#-< 'o! 1 2
#-< 'a/e #-<1 #-<2
#-< Type &tati &tati
#oad =alaning &haring &haring
#oad =alaning Hash
-lgorith/
-uto/ati -uto/ati
#-< Priority 1 2
4aster =oard 3-PD++* 3-PD++*
4aster Port 3(P$2T-3) 3(P$2T-3)
&eleted &tand.y Ports 3-PD++*-@(P$2T-@) 3-PD++*-@(P$2T-@)
Table 1.@ ,ata for onfiguring an 4C-#-< at the 5'I side of 'D2 and 'D3
Parameter Value
Protool Channel I, 1
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Parameter Value
Hello Pa9et &ending Inter0al(s) B
Ti/eout Ti/e(s) 100
Protool Tunnel Type 4P#& Tunnel
Tunnel B000('D(A-3002))-'D(A-3003)L1-
4P#&!&tati-B000-0000000(
#oal #in9 -ggregation <roup I, 1
Peer #in9 -ggregation <roup I, 2
#+#4+##+% Con6uration Process
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # Configuring an 4P#& Tunnel
Table 1.1 ,ata for onfiguring the wor9ing tunnel .etween 'D1 and 'D2" and protetion tunnel
.etween 'D1 and 'D3
Port 3-D4B+-
1(P$2T-1)
3-D4B+-
2(P$2T-2)
3-PD++*-
1(P$2T-1)
3-PD++*-
1(P$2T-1)
&peify IP
-ddress
IP -ddress 10!0!0!1 10!0!1!1 10!0!0!2 10!0!1!2
#&2 I, 130!0!0!1 130!0!0!2 130!0!0!3
Tunnel I, 3000 A000 3000 A000
Tunnel 'a/e 3000 A000 3000 A000
Copyright Huawei
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In =oard)#ogi
Interfae Type
- - 3-PD++* 3-PD++*
In Port - - 1(P$2T-1) 1(P$2T-1)
+orward
Ino/ing #a.el
- - 1A 21
2e0erse
$utgoing #a.el
- - 20 22
$ut
=oard)#ogi
Interfae Type
3-D4B+ 3-D4B+ - -
$ut Port 1(P$2T-1) 2(P$2T-2) - -
+orward
$utgoing #a.el
1A 21 - -
2e0erse
Ino/ing #a.el
20 22 - -
+orward 'e;t
Hop -ddress
10!0!0!2 10!0!1!2 - -
2e0erse 'e;t
Hop -ddress
- - 10!0!0!1 10!0!1!1
&oure 'ode - - 130!0!0!1 130!0!0!1
&in9 'ode 130!0!0!2 130!0!0!3 - -
Table 1.2 ,ata for onfiguring a wor9ing and protetion tunnels .etween 'D2 and 'D3
Parameter N:% N:&
Port 3-PD++*-
2(P$2T-2)
3-PD++*-
((P$2T-()
3-PD++*-
2(P$2T-2)
3-PD++*-
((P$2T-()
&peify IP
-ddress
IP -ddress 10!0!2!2 10!0!3!2 10!0!2!3 10!0!3!3
#&2 I, 130!0!0!2 130!0!0!3
Tunnel I, B000 *000 B000 *000
Tunnel 'a/e B000 *000 B000 *000
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Parameter N:% N:&
In =oard)#ogi
Interfae Type
- - 3-PD++* 3-PD++*
In Port - - 1(P$2T-1) 1(P$2T-1)
+orward
Ino/ing #a.el
- - 23 2(
2e0erse
$utgoing #a.el
- - 2@ 2B
$ut
=oard)#ogi
Interfae Type
3-PD++* 3-PD++* - -
$ut Port 2(P$2T-2) ((P$2T-() - -
+orward
$utgoing #a.el
23 2( - -
2e0erse
Ino/ing #a.el
2@ 2B - -
+orward 'e;t
Hop -ddress
10!0!2!3 10!0!3!3 - -
2e0erse 'e;t
Hop -ddress
- - 10!0!2!2 10!0!3!2
&oure 'ode - - 130!0!0!2 130!0!0!2
&in9 'ode 130!0!0!3 130!0!0!3 - -
Step % 1!1B!A Creating a Co-soured Tunnel -P& Protetion <roup with ,ifferent &in9s
Table 1.1 ,ata for onfiguring a o-soured Tunnel -P& protetion group with different sin9s
('D1 is the soure" and 'D2 and 'D3 are the sin9s)
Parameter N:#
Protetion Type 171
Cor9ing Ingress Tunnel I, 3000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!1"&in9
'ode7130!0!0!2)
Cor9ing Ingress Tunnel 'a/e 3000
Cor9ing Dgress Tunnel I, 3000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!1"&in9
'ode7130!0!0!2)
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Parameter N:#
Cor9ing Dgress Tunnel 'a/e 3000
Protetion Ingress Tunnel I, A000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!1"&in9
'ode7130!0!0!3)
Protetion Ingress Tunnel 'a/e A000
Protetion Dgress Tunnel I, A000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!1"&in9
'ode7130!0!0!3)
Protetion Dgress Tunnel 'a/e A000
CT2 Ti/e (100 /s) 0
Step & 1!1B!* Creating a Co-soured and Co-sin9ed Tunnel -P& Protetion <roup
Table 1.1 ,ata for onfiguring a o-soured and o-sin9ed Tunnel -P& protetion group at the
''I side of 'D2 and 'D3
Parameter N:% N:&
Protetion Type 171
Cor9ing Ingress Tunnel I, B000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!2"#in9 'ode7130!0!0!3)
'a/e
B000
Cor9ing Dgress Tunnel I, B000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!2"#in9 'ode7130!0!0!3)
'a/e
B000
I,
*000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!2"#in9 'ode7130!0!0!3)
'a/e
*000
I,
*000(&oure 'ode7130!0!0!2"#in9 'ode7130!0!0!3)
'a/e
*000
CT2 Ti/e (100 /s) 0
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Parameter N:% N:&
Step 0 1!1A!* Creating an Dthernet #-<
Table 1.1 ,ata for onfiguring a #-< on 'D2 and 'D3
Parameter N:% N:&
Port 3-PD++*-3(P$2T-3)
3-PD++*-@(P$2T-@)
3-PD++*-3(P$2T-3)
3-PD++*-@(P$2T-@)
Port 4ode #ayer 2 #ayer 2
#-< 'o! 1 2
#-< 'a/e #-<1 #-<2
#oad =alaning &haring &haring
#oad =alaning Hash
-lgorith/
-uto/ati -uto/ati
#-< Priority 1 2
4aster =oard 3-PD++* 3-PD++*
4aster Port 3(P$2T-3) 3(P$2T-3)
&eleted &tand.y Ports 3-PD++*-@(P$2T-@) 3-PD++*-@(P$2T-@)
Step 2 Configure 5'I-side 4C-#-<s on 'D2 and 'D3!
Table 1.1 ,ata for onfiguring an 4C-#-< at the 5'I side of 'D2 and 'D3
Parameter Value
Ti/eout Ti/e(s) 100
Tunnel B000('D(A-3002))-'D(A-3003)L1-
4P#&!&tati-B000-0000000(
#oal #in9 -ggregation <roup I, 1
Peer #in9 -ggregation <roup I, 2
Copyright Huawei
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....Ed
#+#4+#% Veri8yin Tunnel APS
-fter Tunnel -P& protetion data is onfigured" you need to 0erify whether the data is
orretly onfigured!
PrereBuisites
Tunnel -P& /ust .e onfigured!
Oou an 0erify Tunnel -P& in the following aspets7
<enerate a fault on the networ9! Tunnel -P& should .e perfor/ed properly!
&et Tunnel -P& to the re0erti0e /ode! The ser0ie should .e swithed fro/ the
protetion hannel to the wor9ing hannel after the CT2 ti/e e;pires!
Issue /anual swithing o//ands! -ll the /anual swithing o//ands should .e
issued orretly!
Procedure
Step # <enerate a fault on the networ9! Tunnel -P& should .e perfor/ed properly!
1! 2e/o0e the wor9ing fi.er!
2! In the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the 'D to .e 0erified and hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/
the shortut /enu!
3! Choose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio > A)% )rotectio Maagemet fro/
the +untion Tree! In the right pane" selet the protetion group to .e 0erified" and
hoose Fuctio > +uer/ %witc$ig %tatus to he9 whether the protetion swithing
is perfor/ed properly!
Step % &et Tunnel -P& to the re0erti0e /ode! The ser0ie should .e swithed fro/ the protetion
hannel to the wor9ing hannel after the CT2 ti/e e;pires!
1! 2einsert the fi.er that is re/o0ed in &tep &tep 1! -fter the CT2 ti/e e;pires" hoose
Fuctio > +uer/ %witc$ig %tatus to he9 whether the speified wor9ing tunnel is
displayed in Acti&e Tuel!
Step & Issue /anual swithing o//ands! -ll the /anual swithing o//ands should .e issued
orretly!
1! &elet the protetion group to .e 0erified! Cli9 Clear under Fuctio! Then" li9
+uer/ %witc$ig %tatus under Fuctio to he9 whether the o//and an .e issued
suessfully!
2! 2epeat the preeding steps to he9 whether the other /anual swithing o//ands an
.e issued suessfully" suh as Force %witc$ig" Maual %witc$ig to "or*ig"
Maual %witc$ig to )rotectio" Exercise %witc$ig" and !oc*out of )rotectio!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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#+#4+#& Troubleshootin
This topi desri.es the sy/pto/ of o//on faults when the Tunnel -P& funtion is ena.led
and the solution to the rele0ant fault!
Symptoms
Chen the networ9 wor9s nor/ally" a ondition that triggers the protetion swithing ours
on the wor9ing tunnel! The ser0ies" howe0er" fail to .e auto/atially swithed fro/ the
wor9ing tunnel to the protetion tunnel! Conse6uently" the ser0ies are interrupted! The
sy/pto/s are as follows7
The Tunnel -P& protetion group is onfigured inorretly! therefore the protetion
tunnel annot reei0e the -P& fra/e! In this ase" the protetion fails and the following
alar/s /ay .e reported!
The swithing duration e;eeds the speified 0alue!
N DTHH-P&HP-THH4I&4-TCH
N DTHH-P&HTOPDH4I&4-TCH
N DTHH-P&H#$&T
N DTHH-P&H&CITCHH+-I#
The protetion tunnel is faulty and fails to pro0ide protetion! In this ase" the following
alar/s /ay .e reported!
N 4P#&HT5''D#H#$C1
N 4P#&HT5''D#H4I&4D2<D
N 4P#&HT5''D#H4I&4-TCH
N 4P#&HT5''D#HD%CD&&
N 4P#&HT5''D#H&,
N 4P#&HT5''D#H&+
Possible Causes
The fi.ers or a.les on the protetion tunnel are onneted inorretly!
The $-4 para/eters of the wor9ing tunnel and protetion tunnel are set inorretly!
The para/eter 0alues of the -P& protetion group at .oth ends are different fro/ eah
other!
The Tunnel -P& protool is disa.led!
Troubleshootin -lo7
+igure 1-1B* shows the flow hart for retifying a fault when the Tunnel -P& funtion is
ena.led!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 +low hart for retifying a fault when the Tunnel -P& funtion is ena.led
Reconnect te fi$ers or
ca$(es
No
Kes
Kes
No
Kes
Start
Reconfi)ure te .:S
para"eters at $ot en!s
Kes
Kes
No
No
5na$(e te >:,S .:S
protoco(
Kes
Kes
No
No
Contact te &ua%ei
tecnica( support
en)ineers
5n!
Reconfi)ure te
para"eters of te %or-in)
canne( an! protection
canne(
No
Kes
No
Kes
Refer to te Alarms and
Performance Events
Reference to c(ear te
a(ar"
No
Kes
No
Cec- %eter te
a(ar" re(ate! to te
.:S is reporte!
Cec- %eter te fi$ers or
ca$(es of te protection
canne( are connecte!
correct(#
Cec- %eter te O.>
para"eters of te %or-in) canne(
an! protection canne( are set
correct(#
Cec- %eter te .:S
para"eters at $ot en!s
are consistent %it eac
oter
<eter te >:,S .:S
protoco( is starte!
Cec- %eter te .:S
can $e perfor"e!
nor"a((#
Cec- %eter te
.:S can $e perfor"e!
nor"a((#
Cec- %eter te
nor"a((#
Cec- %eter te
nor"a((#
Cec- %eter te
nor"a((#
Procedure
Step # Cause 17 The fi.ers or a.les on the protetion tunnel are onneted inorretly!
1! 2eonnet the fi.er or a.le to eah port and ensure that the fi.ers or a.les are
onneted orretly!
Step % Cause 27 The wor9ing tunnel and protetion tunnel are onfigured inorretly!
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3! Cli9 the OAM )arameters ta. and selet the tunnels onfigured in the tunnel -P&
protetion group! Change the 0alues of ,etectio )ac*et T/-e and ,etectio )ac*et
)eriod 3ms4 as re6uired!
Step & Cause 37 The para/eter 0alues of the -P& protetion group at .oth ends are different fro/
eah other!
1! In the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the 'D that to .e onfigured and hoose NE Ex-lorer
the +untion Tree!
3! Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery whether the settings of the -P& protetion group at .oth ends are
the sa/e! If the settings of the -P& protetion group at .oth ends are different fro/ eah
other" set the protetion tunnel in the -P& protetion group to the sa/e 0alue as the
wor9ing tunnel!
Step 0 Cause @7 The Tunnel -P& protool is disa.led!
the +untion Tree!
3! &et )rotocol %tatus to Eabled" and then li9 A--l/!
@! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 Close!
Step 2 f the alar/ related to the Tunnel -P& funtion persists after the preeding operations are
perfor/ed" see the Alarms and Performance Events Reference to lear the alar/! If the fault
persists" ontat Huawei tehnial support engineers to handle the fault!
....Ed
#+#4+#0 Relevant Alarms and :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents assoiated with Tunnel -P&!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
DTHH-P&H#$&T Indiates that the -P& fra/e is lost! This alar/ is reported if the -P&
fra/e is not reei0ed in the protetion tunnel of a port!
DTHH-P&HP-TH
H4I&4-TCH
Indiates a /is/ath .etween the wor9ing tunnel and the protetion
tunnel of an -P& protetion group! This alar/ is reported if the
wor9ing and protetion tunnels that are seleted .y the e6uip/ent at
.oth ends of a protetion group are inonsistent!
DTHH-P&H&CIT
CHH+-I#
Indiates a protetion swithing failure! Chen a re6uest signal
ontained in the -P& fra/e that is sent fro/ a port is inonsistent with
the .ridge signal ontained in the -P& fra/e that is reei0ed at this
Copyright Huawei
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Alarm Name .eanin
port" the swithing fails if this ondition lasts for /ore than (0 /s! In
this ase" this alar/ is reported!
DTHH-P&HTOPD
H4I&4-TCH
Indiates a protetion type /is/ath! This alar/ is reported if the -P&
protetion type infor/ation ontained in the -P& fra/e that is
reei0ed at the loal end is inonsistent with the -P& protetion type
that is onfigured!
T5''D#H-P&H
$5T-<D
Indiates that a tunnel -P& protetion group fails! This alar/ is
reported when .oth the protetion and wor9ing tunnels in a tunnel -P&
protetion group fail" and is leared when either of the protetion or
wor9ing tunnel reo0ers!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to Tunnel -P&!
#+#4+#2 Parameters 8or Con6urin Tunnel APS $on a
Per'N: )asis(
This setion desri.es para/eters for onfiguring Tunnel -P&!
Ta.le 1-1*0 lists para/eters for onfiguring Tunnel -P&!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring Tunnel -P&
Protetion <roup I, +or e;a/ple" 1 ,isplays the protetion
group I,!
The syste/ auto/atially
assigns a protetion group
I, aording to the
se6uene of protetion group
reation!
Protetion Type 171 &elets a protetion type!
=,I &tatus Dna.led" ,isa.led
&peifies whether protetion
swithing is triggered upon
reei0ing =,I pa9ets!

only when %witc$ig
Mode is set to %igle.
Ed!
If B,1 %tatus is set to

Eabled" an egress node
notifies an ingress node
of any deteted faults .y
sending =,I pa9etsI
upon reei0ing =,I
Copyright Huawei
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pa9ets" the ingress node
triggers protetion
swithing!
Cor9ing Tunnel Type 4P#& Tunnel &peifies the wor9ing tunnel
type!
Cor9ing Ingress Tunnel I, - &peifies the wor9ing tunnel
in the ingress diretion!
If this para/eter is set for a
.idiretional tunnel" a 0alue
is auto/atially assigned to
"or*ig Egress Tuel
1,!
'a/e
- ,isplays the na/e of the
wor9ing tunnel in the
ingress diretion!
Cor9ing Dgress Tunnel I, - &peifies the wor9ing tunnel
in the egress diretion!
+or a .idiretional tunnel" if
"or*ig 1gress Tuel
1, is set" a 0alue is
auto/atially assigned to
"or*ig Egress Tuel
1,!
'a/e
wor9ing tunnel in the egress
diretion!
Protetion Tunnel Type - ,isplays the protetion
tunnel type" whih is the
sa/e as the wor9ing tunnel
type!
'a/e
protetion tunnel in the
ingress diretion!
Protetion Dgress Tunnel I, - &peifies the protetion
tunnel in the egress
diretion!
+or a .idiretional tunnel" if
)rotectio 1gress Tuel
1, is set" a 0alue is
auto/atially assigned to
)rotectio Egress Tuel
1,!
'a/e
protetion tunnel in the
egress diretion!
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&withing 4ode &ingle-Dnded" ,ual-Dnded &peifies the swithing
poliy to .e adopted when a
tunnel fails!
It is reo//ended that
%witc$ig Mode .e set to
,ual.Eded!
2e0erti0e 4ode 'on-2e0erti0e" 2e0erti0e &peifies whether ser0ies
are swithed fro/ a
protetion tunnel to a
wor9ing tunnel after the
wor9ing tunnel is restored! If
this para/eter is set to
2e&erti&e" ser0ies an .e
swithed fro/ the protetion
tunnel to the wor9ing tunnel!
If this para/eter is set to
No.2e&erti&e" ser0ies
annot .e swithed fro/ the
protetion tunnel to the
wor9ing tunnel!
CT2 Ti/e (/in) 1 to 12
,efault 0alue7 (
&peifies the wait to restore
(CT2) ti/e for a protetion
group!
Hold-off Ti/e (100 /s) 0 to 100
,efault 0alue7 0
&peifies the hold-off ti/e
for a protetion group!
Protool &tatus Dna.led" ,isa.led Dna.les or disa.les the
protool!
Eabled" the protetion
group is a0aila.le!
&withing &tatus - ,isplays the swithing status
of a protetion group!
#+#4+#4 Parameters 8or Con6urin Tunnel APS $in
:nd'to':nd .ode(
This setion desri.es para/eters for onfiguring tunnel -P& protetion groups in end-to-end
/ode!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring tunnel -P& in end-to-end /ode
Protetion <roup I, +or e;a/ple" Tunnel -P& 1 &peifies the na/e of a
protetion group!
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Protetion Type 171 &peifies the type of a
protetion group!
1=17 - protetion tunnel
protets a wor9ing tunnel!
'or/ally" the wor9ing
tunnel arries ser0ies and
the protetion tunnel arries
protool pa9ets! Chen the
wor9ing tunnel .eo/es
faulty" the ser0ies are
swithed fro/ the wor9ing
tunnel to the protetion
tunnel!
&withing 4ode &ingle-Dnded" ,ual-Dnded
,efault 0alue7 &ingle-Dnded
&peifies the swithing
/ode of the protetion
group!
In single-ended swithing"
if a fault is deteted at
one end" swithing
ours at only the loal
end and the opposite end
is not notified!
In dual-ended swithing" if
a fault is deteted at one
end" swithing ours at
the loal end and the
opposite end is instruted
to perfor/ swithing!
%witc$ig Mode .e set to
,ual.Eded!
2e/ar9 - &peifies ser0ie re/ar9s!
Tunnel - ,isplays the na/e of the
tunnel to .e onfigured with
protetion!
Tunnel I, - ,isplays the I, of the tunnel
to .e onfigured with
protetion!
&oure 'ode - ,isplays the soure node of
the tunnel to .e onfigured
with protetion!
&in9 'ode - ,isplays the sin9 node of the
protetion!
,iretion - ,isplays the diretion of the
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
protetion!
Tunnel Type - ,isplays the type of the
protetion!
Protool &tatus Dna.led" ,isa.led ,isplays the protool status!
&withing &tatus 'on-2e0erti0e" 2e0erti0e ,isplays whether ser0ies
are swithed fro/ a
protetion tunnel to a
wor9ing tunnel after the
wor9ing tunnel is restored! If
this field displays
2e&erti&e" the ser0ies will
.e swithed fro/ the
protetion tunnel to the
wor9ing tunnel! If this field
displays No.2e&erti&e" the
ser0ies will not .e swithed
fro/ the protetion tunnel to
the wor9ing tunnel!
CT2 Ti/e (/in) 1 to 12 ,isplays the wait to restore
(CT2) ti/e for a protetion
group!
Hold-off Ti/e (100 /s) 0 to 100 ,isplays the hold-off ti/e
for a protetion group!
#+#* P; APS
This hapter desri.es the PC auto/ati protetion swithing (-P&) feature!
#+#*+# Introduction
This setion defines PC -P& and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
PC -P& is a funtion that protets PCs .ased on the -P& protool! Chen the wor9ing PC is
faulty" PC -P& swithes ser0ies to a preonfigured protetion PC!
The PC -P& funtion supported .y the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent has the following features7
Dnd-to-end protetion for PCs!
The wor9ing PC and protetion PC are arried in different tunnels .ut ha0e the sa/e
loal and re/ote PDs!
The protetion PC in the PC -P& protetion pair does not arry e;tra traffi!
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The PC $-4 (.ased on IT5-T O!1311) or 4P#&-TP $-4 (.ased on IT5-T <!*113!1)
/ehanis/ is used to detet faults in PCs" and the ingress and egress nodes e;hange
-P& protool pa9ets to ahie0e protetion swithing!
Purpose
PC -P& i/pro0es the relia.ility of ser0ie trans/ission in PCs!
-s shown in +igure 1-1BA" when the PC $-4 /ehanis/ detets a fault in the wor9ing PC"
ser0ies are swithed to the protetion PC for trans/ission!
Figure 1.1 D;a/ple of PC -P&
:51
:52
:53
:rotect s%itcin)
:51
:5B
:52
:53
Ser/ice
<or-in) :<
:rotection :<
<or-in) :<
:rotection :<
:5B
#+#*+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with PC -P&!
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#+#*+%+# Protection Type
PC -P& an .e lassified .y protetion /ehanis/" swithing /ode" and re0erti0e /ode!
Protection .echanism
PC -P& is lassified into 1L1 protetion and 171 protetion .y protetion /ehanis/!
1L1 protetion
'or/ally" the trans/it end trans/its ser0ies to the wor9ing PC and protetion PC" and
the reei0e end reei0es ser0ies fro/ the wor9ing PC! Chen the wor9ing PC is faulty"
the reei0e end reei0es ser0ies fro/ the protetion PC!
171 protetion
'or/ally" ser0ies are trans/itted in the wor9ing PC! The protetion PC is idle! Chen
the wor9ing PC is faulty" ser0ies are trans/itted in the protetion PC!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent support only 171 protetion!
S7itchin .ode
PC -P& is lassified into the single-ended swithing and the dual-ended swithing .y
swithing /ode!
&ingle-ended swithing is unidiretional swithing! That is" when the forward or re0erse
wor9ing PC is faulty" only the ser0ie in the diretion where the fault ours is swithed
to the protetion PC!
In regards to the single-ended swithing" the swithing operations in the two diretions
are not assoiated with eah other!
,ual-ended swithing
,ual-ended swithing is .idiretional swithing! That is" when the forward or re0erse
wor9ing PC is faulty" the ser0ie in .oth diretions is swithed to the protetion PC!
,ual-ended swithing ensures that the ser0ie is trans/itted and reei0ed along one trail"
failitating ser0ie /anage/ent and /aintenane!
Revertive .ode
PC -P& is lassified into the re0erti0e /ode and the non-re0erti0e /ode .y re0erti0e /ode!
2e0erti0e /ode
In re0erti0e /ode" the ser0ie is auto/atially swithed .a9 to the wor9ing PC after
the wor9ing PC is restored and the nor/al state lasts for a ertain period! The period
after the wor9ing PC is restored and .efore the ser0ie is swithed .a9 to the wor9ing
PC is alled the wait-to-restore (CT2) ti/e!
'on-re0erti0e /ode
In non-re0erti0e /ode" the ser0ie is not auto/atially swithed .a9 to the wor9ing PC
e0en after the wor9ing PC is restored! Howe0er" the ser0ie will .e swithed .a9 if the
protetion PC fails or an e;ternal o//and triggers protetion swithing!
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#+#*+%+% S7itchin Conditions
PC -P& an .e loally triggered .y a signal fail (&+) ondition or .y an e;ternal swithing
o//and! In dual-ended swithing /ode" the loal 'D an also perfor/ swithing aording
to the notifiation returned fro/ the re/ote 'D!
If two swithing onditions e;ist at the sa/e ti/e" the higher-priority swithing ondition pree/pts the
other one!
Table 1.1 &withing onditions for PC -P&
S7itchin
Condition
Prio
rity
Description
Clear swithing
(e;ternal
swithing)
The
priorit
ies are
arrang
ed in
dese
nding
order!
This o//and lears all the other e;ternal swithing
operations!
#o9out of
protetion
hannel
(e;ternal
swithing)
Chen the protetion PC is lo9ed out" the ser0ie is not
allowed to .e swithed fro/ the wor9ing PC to the protetion
PC! If the ser0ie is already swithed to the protetion PC" the
o//and will fori.ly swith it .a9 to the wor9ing PC e0en
when the wor9ing PC is not restored! Therefore" if the
protetion swithing has .een perfor/ed" running this
o//and /ay interrupt the ser0ie!
&+-P swithing
(auto/ati
swithing)
The signal fail for protetion (&+-P) ondition indiates that
the protetion PC fails! If the protetion PC fails" the ser0ie
arried .y the protetion PC is auto/atially swithed to the
wor9ing PC!
+ored
swithing
(e;ternal
swithing)
If the lo9out of protetion hannel ondition or the &+-P
ondition e;ists" no fored swithing ours!
This o//and fori.ly swithes the ser0ie fro/ the wor9ing
PC to the protetion PC! -fterwards" the ser0ie will not .e
swithed .a9 to the wor9ing PC e0en when the wor9ing PC
is restored! Howe0er" when a swithing ondition has a higher
priority" the fored swithing is pree/pted!
&+ swithing
(auto/ati
swithing)
or fored swithing ondition e;ists" no &+ swithing ours!
The &+ swithing is triggered .y the PC $-4 detetion
/ehanis/! Chen the wor9ing PC fails" the ser0ie is
swithed to the protetion PC! +or the onditions triggering
the &+ swithing" see Ta.le 1-1*3!
4anual
swithing
(e;ternal
swithing)
fored swithing ondition" or &+ swithing ondition e;ists"
no /anual swithing ours!
4anual swithing is a0aila.le in two types7 /anual swithing
to protetion and /anual swithing to wor9ing!
In response to the /anual swithing to protetion o//and"

the ser0ie is swithed fro/ the wor9ing PC to the
protetion PC!
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S7itchin
Condition
Prio
rity
Description
In response to the /anual swithing to wor9ing o//and"

the ser0ie is swithed fro/ the protetion PC to the
wor9ing PC!
2e0erti0e
swithing (0alid
only in re0erti0e
/ode)
If &+ swithing ours" the ser0ie is swithed fro/ the
wor9ing PC to the protetion PC! If the wor9ing PC is
restored to nor/al afterwards and the nor/al state lasts until
the CT2 ti/e elapses" the ser0ie is swithed .a9 to the
wor9ing PC!
The swithing re/ains in the CT2 state after the wor9ing PC
is restored to nor/al and .efore re0erti0e swithing ours!
-fter the re0erti0e swithing" the swithing hanges to the
nor/al state!
D;erise
swithing
(e;ternal
swithing)
This o//and is used to test whether the -P& protool wor9s
nor/ally! -tually" no swithing ours and the ser0ie will
not .e affeted!
Table 1.2 Trigger onditions for PC -P& &+ swithing
=oard software or hardware failure $ptional ondition
Cold reset on .oard $ptional ondition
4P#&HPCHD;ess ,efault ondition
4P#&HPCH#$C1 ,efault ondition
4P#&HPCH4I&4-TCH ,efault ondition
4P#&HPCH&+ ,efault ondition
4P#&HPCH&, ,efault ondition
-n optional ondition an trigger PC -P& &+ swithing only after it is seleted! =y default" the alar/s
do not trigger PC -P& &+ swithing!
#+#*+%+& P; APS )indin
Chen /ultiple PC pairs re6uire protetion and the wor9ing and protetion PCs of the PC
pairs are .oth arried .y the sa/e #&Ps" the PC -P& .inding tehnology an .e used so that
these PCs an partiipate in the protetion swithing aording to the status of one PC pair!
In atual appliation" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent needs to support a large nu/.er of PC -P&
protetion groups" .ut /ay enounter the following pro.le/s7
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If eah PC -P& protetion group starts a state /ahine" the resoures and apa.ility of
the syste/ /ay fail to support all the PC -P& protetion groups!
Chen a PC is faulty" the other PCs arried in the sa/e #&P /ay .e faulty! Then"
swithing ours on the PCs one after another" resulting in a long swithing ti/e in
total!
PC -P& .inding allows /ultiple PC pairs to share one -P& state /ahine" so that the -P&
state /ahine an proess the protetion swithing for /ultiple PC pairs! -ll the PC pairs
that are .ound to one PC -P& protetion group are alled sla0e protetion pairs!
PC -P& .inding has the following ad0antages7
The sla0e protetion pairs share one state /ahine with the PC -P& protetion group!
Therefore" less syste/ resoures are onsu/ed!
Chen the wor9ing PC in the PC -P& protetion group is faulty" protetion swithing
ours on the PC -P& protetion group as well as on all its sla0e protetion pairs! In this
/anner" swithing effiieny is i/pro0ed!
Chen the wor9ing PC in a sla0e protetion pair is faulty" protetion swithing does not our!
+igure 1-130 onsiders two PCs as an e;a/ple to desri.e how PC -P& .inding is applied!
Cherein" the wor9ing PC1 and protetion PC1 for/ a PC -P& protetion group" and the
wor9ing PC2 and protetion PC2 for/ a sla0e protetion pair of the protetion group! Chen
the wor9ing PC1 is faulty" the ser0ies arried .y the wor9ing PC1 and PC2 are swithed to
their protetion PCs at the sa/e ti/e!
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Figure 1.1 -ppliation e;a/ple of PC -P&
:rotect s%itcin)
:< .:S
>C-:< .:S
DN2-:<
DN2-:<
:< .:S
>C-:< .:S
Ser/ice
S(a/e protection pair
'ir!-part# pac-et trans"ission
e?uip"ent
#+#*+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations for PC -P&!
Item Speci6cations
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of PC -P& protetion
groups
$pti% $&' (007 32
$pti% $&' ((07 B@
$pti% $&' (*07 @0AB
NOTE
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Item Speci6cations
Tunnel -P& and PC -P& share 32 protetion
group resoures
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of /e/.ers .ound to a
PC -P& protetion group
(12
Protetion protool -P&
Protetion type 171
&withing /ode ,ual-ended swithing
'on-re0erti0e
Protetion swithing duration &withing duration7 W (0 /s (for a
protetion pair that ontains eight /e/.ers
or si; PC -P& protetion groups after a lin9
is faulty .idiretionally)
Hold-off ti/e 0 /s to 10000 /s
PC -P& .inding &upported
#+#*+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with PC -P&!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with PC -P&7
IT5-T O!13207 Protetion swithing for 4P#& networ9s
IT5-T <!*1317 #inear protetion swithing for transport 4P#&(T-4P#&) networ9s
#+#*+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the PC -P& feature and its
dependenies!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
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$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+#*+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for PC -P& in the networ9 design
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5imitation Details
Remar,s
Dntire feature The 'Ds at .oth ends /ust
.e onfigured the sa/e!
')-
Protetion type The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
supports only 171 PC -P&!
The wor9ing and protetion
PCs in the PC -P&
protetion group /ust ha0e
the sa/e !%) Mode! In
other words" set this
para/eter to )i-e or
#iform for .oth the
wor9ing and protetion
PCs!
')-
&withing /ode The $pti% $&' (*0
supports only dual-ended
swithing!
')-
$-4 funtion =efore PC -P& is ena.led"
$-4 /ust .e ena.led for
the wor9ing and protetion
PCs!
4a9e sure that PC -P&
funtions properly!
,etetion pa9et type +or 4P#& $-4" when
,etectio )ac*et T/-e is
++," ,etectio )ac*et
)eriod 3ms4 is
reo//ended to .e 3!3 /s!
4a9e sure that the
protetion swithing ti/e is
less than (0 /s!
features
share protetion group
resoures!
$ne ser0ie annot .e
onfigured with Tunnel -P&
and PC -P&
si/ultaneously!
')-
5imitation Details
Remar,s
Protool status Chen you reate a
protetion group on a Per-
'D =asis" set the )rotocol
%tatus para/eter to
,isabled! &tart the protool
only when the -P&
If the -P& protool is first
ena.led at the loal 'D and
then at the opposite 'D" the
opposite 'D /ay reei0e
ser0ies a.nor/ally!
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5imitation Details
Remar,s
protetion groups are
suessfully reated at .oth
ends!
=andwidth The .andwidth of the
protetion PC /ust .e
higher than that of the
wor9ing PC!
To inrease the .andwidth of
the wor9ing PC after the
protetion group is reated"
inrease the .andwidth of
the protetion PC first!
')-
,etetion pa9et period
(/s)
Chen the delay 0ariation is
large on a li0e networ9" the
detetion pa9et period of
PC $-4 /ust .e greater
than the /a;i/u/ 0alue of
networ9 delay 0ariation!
4a9e sure that PC -P&
swithing does not our
fre6uently!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
Dntire feature The PC -P& groups at .oth
ends /ust .e deati0ated
.efore PC -P& is deleted!
')-
&la0e protetion pair D;erise swithing annot
.e perfor/ed at only one
end!
')-
#+#*+* Principles
PC -P& uses the PC $-4 /ehanis/ to detet faults in PCs" and PDs e;hange -P&
protool pa9ets for protetion swithing!
#+#*+*+# Dual':nded S7itchin
Chen PC -P& is in dual-ended swithing /ode" the P-& protool is used to perfor/
switho0ers!
)e8ore S7itchin
The loal and re/ote PDs e;hange -P& protool pa9ets o0er the protetion PC" and
then they are aware of the status of eah other! Chen the wor9ing PC is found faulty" the
loal and re/ote PDs an perfor/ the protetion swithing" swithing hold-off" and wait-
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to-restore (CT2) funtions! In this ase" the re6uest state of the -P& protool pa9et
should .e No 2e?uest!
The PC $-4 /ehanis/ is used to perfor/ ontinuity he9s on all the PCs!
Durin S7itchin
+igure 1-131 shows the priniple of the dual-ended swithing" assu/ing a fault in the forward
wor9ing PC!
Figure 1.1 Priniple of the dual-ended swithing
S%itcin)
2n)ress 5)ress
For%ar!
%or-in) tunne(
For%ar!
protection tunne(
Re/erse
%or-in) tunne(
Re/erse
protection tunne(
2n)ress 5)ress
For%ar!
%or-in) tunne(
For%ar!
protection tunne(
Re/erse
%or-in) tunne(
Re/erse
protection tunne(
2n)ress 5)ress
For%ar!
%or-in) tunne(
For%ar!
protection tunne(
Re/erse
%or-in) tunne(
Re/erse
protection tunne(
The dual-ended swithing is i/ple/ented as follows7
1! Chen the re/ote PD detets a fault in the forward wor9ing PC" it is swithed to the
forward protetion PC and is .ridged to the re0erse protetion PC at the sa/e ti/e!
N The re/ote PD reei0es the ser0ie fro/ the forward protetion PC instead of the
forward wor9ing PC! In addition" the re/ote PD sends the -P& protool pa9et
arrying a .ridging re6uest to the loal PD!
N The re/ote PD pushes the la.el of the re0erse protetion PC to the ser0ie pa9et so
that the ser0ie an .e .ridged to the re0erse protetion PC! 4eanwhile" the re/ote
PD sends the -P& protool pa9et arrying a swithing re6uest to the loal PD!
?=ridging? /eans that the e6uip/ent trans/its the ser0ie to the protetion PC instead of the
wor9ing PC!
?&withing? /eans that the e6uip/ent reei0es the ser0ie fro/ the protetion PC instead of the
wor9ing PC!
2! $n the reeption of the -P& protool pa9et arrying a swithing re6uest" the loal PD
perfor/s the following operations7
N The loal PD pushes the la.el of the forward protetion PC to the ser0ie pa9et so
that the ser0ie an .e .ridged to the forward protetion PC!
N The loal PD reei0es the ser0ie fro/ the re0erse protetion PC instead of the
re0erse wor9ing PC!
3! The ser0ie is trans/itted in the forward and re0erse protetion PCs!
A8ter S7itchin
If PC -P& 171 dual-ended swithing is in re0erti0e /ode" the ser0ie is swithed .a9 to the
nor/al forward and re0erse wor9ing PCs after the CT2 ti/e elapses!
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#+#*+1 Con6urin P; APS
This setion desri.es PC -P& onfiguration tas9s!
#+#*+1+# Con6urin a P; APS Protection Group
- PC -P& protetion group is onfigured to protet ser0ies at the PC le0el!
PrereBuisites
The tunnel arrying the wor9ing PC and protetion PC is reated!
CD& ser0ies" -T4 ser0ies" and D-#ine ser0ies arried .y PCs support PC -P&! Oou an
reate a PC -P& protetion group during initial ser0ie onfiguration or after ser0ie
onfiguration!
This setion uses an D-#ine ser0ie as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure PC -P& protetion! The
/ethods for onfiguring PC -P& protetion for other types of ser0ies are si/ilar!
+or how to reate CD&)-T4 ser0ies" see the Configuration Guide (Packet Transport Domain)!
Procedure
,uring initial ser0ie onfiguration" set )rotectio T/-e to )" A)%" reate the wor9ing
and protetion PCs" and use the PCs to reate a PC -P& protetion group!
1! In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired 'D" and hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
Cofiguratio > Et$eret %er&ice Maagemet > E.!ie %er&ice fro/ the +untion
Tree!
2! Cli9 the #N1 ta." and then li9 New!
3! In the New E.!ie %er&ice dialog .o; that is displayed" set the D-#ine ser0ie
para/eters aording to ser0ie planning! To .e speifi" set ,irectio to #N1.NN1" and
)rotectio T/-e to )" A)%!
@! Cli9 Cofigure )"! In the Cofigure )" dialog .o;" li9 the 9eeral Attributes
ta.! In the 9eeral Attributes dialog .o;" set the para/eters of the wor9ing and
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protetion PCs aording to networ9 planning!
(! In the )rotectio 9rou- ta." set the para/eters of the PC -P& protetion group!
Chen you reate a PC -P& protetion group" it is reo//ended that you set Eablig
%tatus to ,isabled! &tart the protool only when the PC -P& protetion group is suessfully
reated on 'Ds at .oth ends! If the -P& protool is first ena.led at the loal 'D and then at
the opposite 'D" the opposite 'D /ay reei0e ser0ies a.nor/ally!
B! &et PC $-4 para/eters for the wor9ing and protetion PCs! To .e speifi" set
,etectio )ac*et T/-e to FF," and ,etectio )ac*et )eriod3ms4 to 3!3 /s!
,etectio )ac*et )eriod3ms4 is set to 3!3 /s to ensure that the protetion swithing ti/e is
within (0 /s! Chen the delay :itter is large on a li0e networ9" the pa9et detetion period of
PC $-4 needs to .e larger than the /a;i/u/ 0alue of the networ9 delay :itter! $therwise"
PC -P& swithing /ay our fre6uently!
3! Cli9 OK!
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*! Perfor/ the preeding operations to reate a PC -P& protetion group on the opposite
'D! Then" ena.le the -P& protool at .oth ends!
Chen the opposite 'D is already onfigured with ser0ies" reate a PC -P& protetion
group in the )rotectio 9rou- ta.!
Tree!
2! Cli9 +uer/! The reated D-#ine ser0ies are displayed!
3! &elet the re6uired D-#ine ser0ie" and li9 )" A)% in the )rotectio 9rou- ta.!
@! Cli9 New! In the Cofigure )" dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 the 9eeral
Attributes ta.! In the 9eeral Attributes dialog .o;" set the para/eters of the wor9ing
and protetion PCs aording to networ9 planning!
(! O-tioal= In the +o% ta." set the Eo& attri.utes of the protetion PC aording to
networ9 planning!
B! In the )rotectio 9rou- ta." set the para/eters of the PC -P& protetion group!
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Chen you reate a PC -P& protetion group" it is reo//ended that you set Eablig
%tatus to ,isabled! &tart the protool only when the PC -P& protetion group is suessfully
reated on 'Ds at .oth ends! If the -P& protool is first ena.led at the loal 'D and then at
the opposite 'D" the opposite 'D /ay reei0e ser0ies a.nor/ally!
3! &et PC $-4 para/eters for the wor9ing and protetion PCs! To .e speifi" set
,etectio )ac*et T/-e to FF," and ,etectio )ac*et )eriod3ms4 to 3!3 /s!
,etectio )ac*et )eriod3ms4 is set to 3!3 /s to ensure that the protetion swithing ti/e is
within (0 /s! Chen the delay :itter is large on a li0e networ9" the pa9et detetion period of
PC $-4 needs to .e larger than the /a;i/u/ 0alue of the networ9 delay :itter! $therwise"
PC -P& swithing /ay our fre6uently!
*! Cli9 OK!
A! Perfor/ the preeding operations to reate a PC -P& protetion group on the opposite
'D! Then" ena.le the -P& protool at .oth ends!
....Ed
Result
Che9 whether the wor9ing and protetion PCs are nor/al!
2! In the )" Maagemet dialog .o;" li9 +uer/! -fter the onfir/ation" lose the
O-eratio 2esult dialog .o;!
3! Che9 the statuses of the wor9ing and protetion PCs" suh as !ocal "or*ig %tatus"
2emote "or*ig %tatus" and Com-ositi&e "or*ig %tatus!
N If the status para/eters are #-" the PC is nor/al!
N If the status para/eters are ,ow" the PC is faulty!
-ollo7'up Procedure
To delete a reated PC -P& protetion group" do as follows7
1! ,isa.le the -P& protool on the 'Ds at .oth ends!
2! &elet the re6uired D-#ine ser0ie" and li9 )" A)% in the )rotectio 9rou- ta.!
3! &elet the re6uired PC -P& protetion group" and li9 ,elete in the lower right orner
of the pane!
#+#*+1+% Con6urin a P; APS Slave Protection Pair
Chen the wor9ing and protetion PCs of /ultiple sla0e protetion pairs ha0e the sa/e
soure and sin9 as those of a reated PC -P& protetion group" you an .ind the sla0e
protetion pairs to the PC -P& protetion group! In this /anner" the sla0e protetion pairs
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and the PC -P& protetion group an .e synhronous in detetion and swithing" therefore
sa0ing $-4 resoures!
PrereBuisites
The tunnel arrying the wor9ing PC and protetion PC is reated!
- PC -P& protetion group is reated!
Conte9t
CD& ser0ies" -T4 ser0ies" and D-#ine ser0ies arried .y PCs support PC -P& sla0e
protetion pairs and .inding of the sla0e protetion pairs to a reated PC -P& protetion
group! The .inding an .e onfigured during initial ser0ie onfiguration or after ser0ie
onfiguration!
This setion uses an D-#ine ser0ie as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure a sla0e protetion pair!
The /ethods for onfiguring sla0e protetion pairs for other types of ser0ies are si/ilar!
+or how to reate CD&)-T4 ser0ies" see the Configuration Guide (Packet Transport Domain)!
Procedure
,uring initial ser0ie onfiguration" set )rotectio T/-e to %la&e )rotectio )air"
reate the wor9ing and protetion PCs" and .ind the sla0e protetion pair with the
reated PC -P& protetion group!
Tree!
2! Cli9 the #N1 ta." and then li9 New!
3! &et D-#ine ser0ie para/eters aording to ser0ie planning! To .e speifi" set
,irectio to #N1.NN1" and )rotectio T/-e to %la&e )rotectio )air!
@! Cli9 Cofigure )"! In the Cofigure )" dialog .o;" li9 the 9eeral Attributes
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protetion PCs aording to networ9 planning!
(! In the )rotectio 9rou- ta." selet the protetion group for the sla0e protetion pair!
B! Cli9 OK!
Chen the 'D is already onfigured with ser0ies" add the sla0e protetion pair in the
)rotectio 9rou- ta.!
Tree!
2! Cli9 +uer/! The reated D-#ine ser0ies are displayed!
3! &elet the re6uired D-#ine ser0ie" and li9 %la&e )rotectio )air in the )rotectio
9rou- ta.!
@! Cli9 New! In the Cofigure )" dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 the 9eeral
Attributes ta.! In the 9eeral Attributes dialog .o;" set the para/eters of the wor9ing
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and protetion PCs aording to networ9 planning!
(! O-tioal= In the +o% ta." set the Eo& attri.utes of the protetion PC aording to
networ9 planning!
B! In the )rotectio 9rou- ta." selet the protetion group for the sla0e protetion pair!
3! Cli9 OK!
....Ed
Result
Che9 whether the wor9ing and protetion PCs are nor/al!
2! In the )" Maagemet dialog .o;" li9 +uer/! -fter the onfir/ation" lose the
O-eratio 2esult dialog .o;!
3! Che9 the statuses of the wor9ing and protetion PCs" suh as !ocal "or*ig %tatus"
2emote "or*ig %tatus" and Com-ositi&e "or*ig %tatus!
N If the status para/eters are #-" the PC is nor/al!
N If the status para/eters are ,ow" the PC is faulty!
-ollo7'up Procedure
To delete a reated PC -P& sla0e protetion pair" do as follows7
1! ,isa.le the -P& protool on the 'Ds at .oth ends!
2! &elet the re6uired D-#ine ser0ie" and li9 %la&e )rotectio )air in the )rotectio
9rou- ta.!
3! &elet the re6uired sla0e protetion pair" and li9 ,elete in the lower right orner of the
pane!
#+#*+1+& Startin the P; APS Protocol
-fter a PC -P& protetion group is reated" you need to start the PC -P& protool so that
the protetion group an ta9e effet!
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PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step % In the )" A)% Maagemet ta." li9 +uer/! The reated PC -P& protetion group is
displayed!
Step & 2ight-li9 the PC -P& protetion group" and then hoose %tart )rotocol fro/ the shortut
/enu!
Step 0 - dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful! It shows that the 0alue of
the )rotocol %tatus para/eter of the -P& protetion group .eo/es Eabled!
Step 2 Perfor/ the preeding operations to start the PC -P& protool on the opposite 'D!
....Ed
#+#*+1+0 Per8ormin P; APS :9ternal S7itchin
Oou an issue an e;ternal swithing o//and to perfor/ PC -P& swithing!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step % In the )" A)% Maagemet ta." li9 +uer/! In nor/al ases" "or*ig )at$ %tatus and
)rotectio )at$ %tatus should .e A&ailable" and %witc$o&er %tatus should .e Normal D3No
2e?uest for "or*igD4!
Step & &elet the reated protetion group" and then hoose Fuctio > Maual %witc$ig to
)rotectio! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o;" li9 OK!
Step 0 Cli9 +uer/! )rotectio %tatus should .e Maual %witc$igD3"or*ig to )rotectioD4!
This indiates that the ser0ie is swithed to the protetion PC!
....Ed
#+#*+/ Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure PC -P& aording to
networ9 onditions!
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#+#*+/+# :9ample Description
-s shown in +igure 1-132" data ser0ies are onfigured .etween the 'ode=s and the 2'C! D-
#ine ser0ies are onfigured .etween 'D1 and 'D2 and are onfigured with PC -P&! 'D1
reei0es ser0ies fro/ the 'ode=s! The reei0ed ser0ies are enapsulated and then
trans/itted to 'D2! 'D2 deapsulates and trans/its the ser0ies to the 2'C!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of PC -P&
Service Plannin
Ta.le 1-1*@ lists the planned 'D para/eters!
Table 1.1 Planned 'D para/eters
N: 5SR
ID
Port Port
Attribute
IP
Add
ress
ASub
net
.as
, o8
Port
-unction
'D
1
1!0!0!1 3-D4B+-1(P$2T-1) 5'I
Port 4ode7
#ayer 2
T-<7 Tag
-ware
- Interfae of D-
#ine-1 on the
'ode= side
3-D4B+-2(P$2T-2) - Interfae of D-
#ine-2 on the
'ode= side
3-D4B+-3(P$2T-3) ''I
Port 4ode7
#ayer 3
T-<7 Tag
-ware
10!0!1
!1)2((
!2((!2
((!0
Interfae that
arries PC1H1
and PC1H2
3-D4B+-@(P$2T-@) 10!0!2 Interfae that
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N: 5SR
ID
Port Port
Attribute
IP
Add
ress
ASub
net
.as
, o8
Port
-unction
!1)2((
!2((!2
((!0
arries PC2H1
and PC2H2
'D
2
1!0!0!2 3-D4B+-1(P$2T-1) 5'I
Port 4ode7
#ayer 2
T-<7 Tag
-ware
- Interfae of D-
#ine-1 and D-
#ine-2 on the
2'C side
3-D4B+-2(P$2T-2) ''I
Port 4ode7
#ayer 3
T-<7 Tag
-ware
10!0!1
!2)2((
!2((!2
((!0
Interfae that
arries PC1H1
and PC1H2
3-D4B+-3(P$2T-3) 10!0!2
!2)2((
!2((!2
((!0
Interfae that
arries PC2H1
and PC2H2
Ta.le 1-1*( lists the para/eters planned for tunnels arrying PCs!
Table 1.2 Para/eters planned for tunnels arrying PCs
Param
eter
Tunnel That
Carries
P;#H#
Tunnel That
Carries
P;#H%
Tunnel That
Carries
P;%H#
Tunnel That
Carries
P;%H%
Tunnel
I,
1 2 3 @
Tunnel
'a/e
tunnelH1 tunnelH2 tunnelH3 tunnelH@
&ignaling
Type
&tati &tati &tati &tati
Tunnel
Type
D-#&P D-#&P D-#&P D-#&P
=andwid
th
'o restrition 'o restrition 'o restrition 'o restrition
-d0ane
d
-ttri.ute
'D1
''I7 3-D4B+-
'D1
''I7 3-D4B+-
'D2
''I7 3-D4B+-
'D2
''I7 3-D4B+-
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Param
eter
Tunnel That
Carries
P;#H#
Tunnel That
Carries
P;#H%
Tunnel That
Carries
P;%H#
Tunnel That
Carries
P;%H%
of
Ingress
'ode
3(P$2T-3) 3(P$2T-3) @(P$2T-@) @(P$2T-@)
-d0ane
d
-ttri.ute
of Dgress
'ode
'D2
''I7 3-D4B+-
2(P$2T-2)
'D2
''I7 3-D4B+-
2(P$2T-2)
'D3
''I7 3-D4B+-
3(P$2T-3)
'D3
''I7 3-D4B+-
3(P$2T-3)
Ta.le 1-1*B lists the para/eters planned for D-#ine ser0ies!
Table 1.( Para/eters planned for D-#ine ser0ies
Paramet
er
Service )et7een Node) #
and RNC
Service )et7een Node) %
and RNC
&er0ie I, 1 2
&er0ie
'a/e
D-#ine-1 D-#ine-2
,iretion 5'I-''I 5'I-''I
=P,5 'ot Transparently Trans/itted 'ot Transparently Trans/itted
5'I

'D17 3-D4B+-1(P$2T-1)
'D27 3-D4B+-1(P$2T-1)

'D17 3-D4B+-2(P$2T-2)
'D27 3-D4B+-1(P$2T-1)
1#-'s 100 200
=earer Type PC PC
Protetion
Type
PC -P& PC -P&
Ta.le 1-1*3 lists the para/eters planned for PCs!
Table 1.7 Para/eters planned for PCs
Parameter P;#H# P;#H% P;%H# P;%H%
PC I, 11 12 21 22
'a/e Cor9ing PC of
D-#ine-1
Protetion PC
of D-#ine-1
Cor9ing PC
of D-#ine-2
Protetion PC
of D-#ine-2
PC &ignaling
Type
PC Type Dthernet Dthernet Dthernet Dthernet
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Parameter P;#H# P;#H% P;%H# P;%H%
PC Ino/ing
#a.el)&oure
Port
20 30 @0 (0
PC $utgoing
#a.el)&oure
Port
20 30 @0 (0
Tunnel 1 ('D1-
'D2Cor9ing)
2 ('D1-
'D2Protetion)
3 ('D1-
'D2Cor9ing)
@ ('D1-
'D2Protetion)
$pposite #&2
I,
1!0!0!1 1!0!0!1 1!0!0!1 1!0!0!1
Ta.le 1-1** lists the para/eters planned for PC -P& protetion groups!
Table 1.5 Para/eters planned for PC -P& protetion groups
Parameter Protection Group o8 :'
5ine'#
Protection Group o8 :'
5ine'%
Protetion Type PC -P& PC -P&
Protetion <roup I, 1 2
Cor9ing PC I, 11 21
Protetion PC I, 12 22
#+#*+/+% Con6uration Process
PrereBuisites
The D-#ine ser0ie interfaes are onfigured! +or the onfiguration /ethod" see
Configuring an Dthernet Port!
The stati tunnel is reated aording to Ta.le 1-1*(! +or how to onfigure a stati tunnel
on a per-'D .asis" see Configuring an 4P#& Tunnel on a Per-'D =asis!
Procedure
Step # $n 'D1" reate the D-#ine ser0ie .etween 'ode=1 and the 2'C" and a PC -P& protetion
group!
1! In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D1" and hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio >
Et$eret %er&ice Maagemet > E.!ie %er&ice fro/ the +untion Tree!
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2! Cli9 the #N1 ta.! Then" li9 New! In the New E.!ie %er&ice dialog .o; that is
displayed" set the para/eters of the ser0ie .etween 'ode=1 and the 2'C!
&er0ie I, 1
&er0ie 'a/e D-#ine-1
,iretion 5'I-''I
=P,5 'ot Transparently Trans/itted
4T5(.ytes) -
&oure Port 3-D4B+-1(P$2T-1)
&oure 1#-'s 100
=earer Type PC
Protetion Type PC -P&
3! Cli9 Cofigure )"! In the Cofigure )" dialog .o;" li9 the 9eeral Attributes
protetion PCs for the ser0ie .etween 'ode=1 and the 2'C!
Parameter Value Rane Value Rane
-ttri.ute Cor9ing PC Protetion PC
PC I, 11 12
PC &ignaling Type &tati &tati
PC Type Dthernet Dthernet
,iretion =idiretional =idiretional
PC Dnapsulation Type 4P#& 4P#&
PC Ino/ing
#a.el)&oure Port
20 30
PC $utgoing
#a.el)&in9 Port
20 30
Tunnel &eletion 4ode 4anually 4anually
Tunnel 1 ('D1-'D2Cor9ing) 2 ('D1-'D2Protetion)
$pposite #&2 I, 1!0!0!1 1!0!0!1
@! Cli9 the )rotect 9rou- ta.! In the )rotect 9rou- dialog .o;" set the PC -P&
protetion group para/eters for the ser0ie .etween 'ode=1 and the 2'C" and then
li9 OK!
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Protetion Type PC -P&
Protetion <roup I, 1
Dna.ling &tatus ,isa.led
Protetion 4ode 171
Cor9ing PC I, 11
Protetion PC I, 12
&withing 4ode ,ual-ended swithing
&witho0er 2estoration Ti/e(/in) 1
&witho0er ,elay Ti/e(100/s) 0
Step % $n 'D1" perfor/ &tep 1 to set the para/eters for the ser0ie .etween 'ode=2 and the 2'C
aording to the ser0ie planning speified in Ta.le 1-1*@ to Ta.le 1-1**!
Step & $n 'D2" perfor/ &tep 1 to &tep 2 to set the para/eters aording to the ser0ie planning
speified in Ta.le 1-1*@ to Ta.le 1-1**!
....Ed
#+#*+#" Veri8yin P; APS
PC -P& an protet ser0ies arried .y wor9ing PCs!
PrereBuisites
- PC -P& protetion group is reated and the -P& protool is started!
The wor9ing and protetion PCs are nor/al!
Procedure
Step # 4anually perfor/ PC -P& swithing! +or details" see 1!13!*!@ Perfor/ing PC -P& D;ternal
&withing!
Chen the wor9ing and protetion PCs are nor/al" the status is A&ailable! Chen the PCs are a.nor/al"
the status is #a&ailable! In this ase" you need handle the fault! ,ou.le-li9 )" 1,! In the )"
Maagemet dialog .o;" he9 the PC running status" and retify the fault aording to the PC status!
Step % Choose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio > Et$eret %er&ice Maagemet > E.!ie
%er&ice fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step & &elet the ser0ie in the protetion group" and hoose Browse Curret Alarms fro/ the
shortut /enu! Che9 whether any ser0ie alar/s are reported after protetion swithing!
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If a ser0ie alar/ is reported" refer to Alarms and Performance Events Reference to
handle the alar/!
If no ser0ie alar/ is reported" go to the ne;t step!
Step 0 Che9 the ser0ie onneti0ity .y using the DTH $-4 funtion! +or details" see 1!1@!3!2
Continuity Che9!
If the ser0ie is nor/al" it indiates that the PC -P& protetion group is onfigured
orretly!
If the ser0ie is a.nor/al" it indiates that the protetion swithing fails!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
-fter the 0erifiation is o/plete" li9 Maual %witc$ig to "or*ig to swith the ser0ie
.a9 to the wor9ing PC!
#+#*+## Relevant Alarms and :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents assoiated with PC -P&!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
PC-P&HTOPDH
4I&4-TCH
Indiates that PC -P& protetion types do not /ath eah other!
PC-P&HP-THH
4I&4-TCH
Indiates that the wor9ing and protetion paths of PC -P& are
inonsistent!
PC-P&H&CITC
HH+-I#
Indiates that PC -P& fails!
PC-P&H#$&T Indiates that PC -P& fra/es are lost!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to PC -P&!
#+#*+#% Parameters 8or Con6urin P; APS $on a
Per'N: )asis(
This setion desri.es para/eters for onfiguring PC -P&!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for a protetion group in sla0e protetion pair /ode
Parameter Value
Rane
Description
Protetion 4ode &la0e
Protetion Pair
,isplays )rotectio Mode as %la&e )rotectio
)air!
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Parameter Value
Rane
Description
Protetion <roup I, +or e;a/ple" 1 &peifies the I, of a protetion group .y
seleting a resoure! The protetion group I,
needs to .e /anually speified!
Cor9ing PC I, +or e;a/ple"
10
,isplays the I, of the wor9ing PC!
-fter )rotectio 9rou- 1, is set" the wor9ing
PC I, is auto/atially assigned!
Protetion PC I, +or e;a/ple"
20
,isplays the protetion PC I,!
Table 1.2 Para/eters for a protetion group in PC -P& /ode
Parameter Value
Rane
Description
Protetion Type PC -P& ,isplays )rotectio T/-e as )" A)%!
Protetion <roup I, +or e;a/ple" 1 &peifies the I, of a protetion group .y
seleting a resoure! The protetion group I,
needs to .e /anually speified!
Protetion <roup
&tatus
,isa.led"
Dna.led
,efault 0alue7
,isa.led
Dna.les or disa.les a protetion group!
Protetion 4ode 171 )rotectio Mode speifies the protetion /ode
of a PC -P& protetion group!
1717 &er0ies are trans/itted to the wor9ing or
protetion hannel and are reei0ed fro/ the
wor9ing or protetion hannel .ased on the
protetion group status!
Cor9ing PC I, - ,isplays the wor9ing PC I,!
This para/eter annot .e set if )rotectio T/-e
is set to )" A)%!
Protetion PC I, - ,isplays the protetion PC I,!
This para/eter annot .e set if )rotectio T/-e
is set to )" A)%!
&witho0er 4ode ,ual-ended
swithing
,isplays the swithing status of a PC -P&
protetion group!
2e0ersion 4ode 'on-2e0erti0e"
2e0erti0e
,isplays the restoration /ode of a PC -P&
protetion group!
&witho0er
2estoration
Ti/e(/in)
1 to 12
,efault 0alue7 1
&peifies the switho0er restoration ti/e!
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Parameter Value
Rane
Description
&witho0er Hold-
$ff Ti/e(/s)
0 to 100
,efault 0alue7 0
&peifies the hold-off ti/e!
Table 1.( Para/eters for PC $-4 in PC -P& /ode
$-4 &tatus ,isa.led" Dna.led &peifies the status of PC $-4!
Eabled7 PC $-4 operations an .e

perfor/ed!
,isabled7 PC $-4 operations annot .e

perfor/ed!
,etetion 4ode -uto-&ending"
4anual
,efault 0alue7 -uto-
&ending
,isplays or speifies the detetion /ode!
Maual7 Continuity he9 (CC) pa9ets

are sent at an inter0al speified .y users!
Auto.%edig7 Continuity he9 (CC)

pa9ets are sent at an inter0al of pa9et
reei0ing!
,etetion Pa9et
Type
C1" ++,
,efault 0alue7 C1
&peifies the type of detetion pa9ets!
C'7 ,etetion pa9ets are sent at a fi;ed

inter0al!
FF,7 ,etetion pa9ets are sent at an

inter0al speified .y users!
,etetion Pa9et
Period (/s)
3!3" 10" 20" (0" 100"
200" (00
,isplays or speifies the detetion pa9et
period!
If ,etectio )ac*et T/-e is FF," this
para/eter an .e setI if ,etectio )ac*et
T/-e is C'" this para/eter has a fi;ed 0alue
of 1666!
#&2 I, to =e
2eei0ed
+or e;a/ple"
10!30!33!1(B
&peifies the #&2 I, to .e reei0ed!
Table 1.7 $ther para/eters for PC -P&
&witho0er &tatus - ,isplays the urrent status of a protetion
group! If protetion swithing ours" this
para/eter also displays the swithing
auses!
Protool ,isa.led" Dna.led )rotocol %tatus speifies whether the -P&
protool of the urrent protetion group is
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,efault 0alue7
,isa.led
ena.led!
If the -P& protool of the loal 'D is

Eabled .efore the -P& protool of the
opposite 'D is Eabled" an e;eption
/ay our when the opposite 'D
reei0es ser0ies! It is reo//ended that
you ena.le the -P& protool after
onfiguring 4P#& -P& protetion
groups for .oth ends!
Chen you onfigure the 4P#& -P&

protetion" the default protool status is
,isabled!
Cor9ing Path
-0aila.ility
-0aila.le"
5na0aila.le
,isplays the status of the wor9ing path in a
protetion group!
Protetion Path
-0aila.ility
-0aila.le"
5na0aila.le
,isplays the status of the protetion path in
a protetion group!
#+#1 IG.P Snoopin
#+#1+# Introduction to IG.P Snoopin
=y snooping the I<4P pa9et of #ayer 3" the I<4P &nooping funtion reates and /aintains
the #ayer 2 /ultiast funtion and thus pre0ents the /ultiast pa9ets fro/ .eing .roadast
a/ong the #ayer 2 e6uip/ent!
The I<4P protool is a /ultiast /anage/ent protool used .etween routers and hosts (suh
as swithes and ,&#-4s) to /anage the addition and deletion of a group /e/.er!
+igure 1-133 o/pares the proess for trans/itting /ultiast pa9ets when the I<4P
&nooping funtion is ena.led and the proess for trans/itting /ultiast pa9ets when the
I<4P &nooping funtion is disa.led!
If the I<4P &nooping funtion is disa.led" the e6uip/ent that supports the I<4P
&nooping funtion reei0ed pa9ets to eah host!
If the I<4P &nooping funtion is ena.led" after reei0ing the /ultiast pa9et" the
e6uip/ent that supports the I<4P &nooping funtion 6ueries the /ultiast ta.le in
whih the soure port funtions as the router port! If the /ultiast group that /athes the
/ultiast address e;ists in the /ultiast ta.le" the e6uip/ent that supports the I<4P
&nooping funtion forwards the pa9et to this /ultiast group! If the /ultiast group that
/athes the /ultiast address does not e;ist in the /ultiast ta.le" the e6uip/ent that
supports the I<4P &nooping funtion disards the pa9et or .roadasts the pa9et!
Copyright Huawei
(@2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of the I<4P &nooping funtion in a networ9
Source
N51
2nternet/
2ntranet
&ost
5
Group "e"$er
&ost
B
&ost
3
&ost
2
&os
t 1
Group "e"$er
N52
Source
N51
&ost
5
Group
"e"$er
&ost
B
&ost
3
&ost
2
&ost
1
Group "e"$er
N52
2nternet/
2ntranet
>u(ticast "ana)e"ent router
5?uip"ent tat supports te
2G>: Snoopin) function
7ri!)e
>u(ticast pac-ets
'e process for trans"ittin) "u(ticast pac-ets %en te
2G>: Snoopin) function is ena$(e!
'e process for trans"ittin) "u(ticast pac-ets %en
te 2G>: Snoopin) function is !isa$(e!
The ad0antages of the I<4P &nooping appliation are as follows7
#ess networ9 .andwidth is re6uired!
Pa9ets are forwarded within the range of eah 1#-'! Hene" the infor/ation seurity
is enhaned!
If the /ultiast router e;ists in a networ9" the .ridge an ena.le the I<4P &nooping protool
to reali8e the /ultiast funtion with the operation of the router!
#+#1+%+# .ulticast Protocol
4any /ulti/edia networ9 appliations" suh as 0ideo onferene" D-learning" and 0ideo on
de/and (1$,) ser0ie" re6uire the infor/ation to .e trans/itted fro/ one soure to /ultiple
destinations" that is" a one-to-/any trans/ission /ode! &i/ulating the one-to-/any
trans/ission through the one-to-one /ode oupies a large 0olu/e of the .andwidth .eause
the data traffi 0olu/e of the /ulti/edia infor/ation is large! In addition" infor/ation
flooding is generated if the .roadast /ode is used! Hene" a one-to-/any /ultiast protool
is re6uired!
The IP /ultiast protool is de0eloped .ased on the IP protool sta9! The IP /ultiast
protool uses a ,-lass IP address to indiate a /ultiast group! Dah /ultiast group
orresponds to a /ultiast address! The ,-lass IP address is the /ultiast address" ranging
fro/ 22@!0!1!0 to 23A!2((!2((!2((! -ording to the /ultiast address" the router forwards a
pa9et to all the IP hosts in a /ultiast group! The hosts in an IP /ultiast group an :oin or
lea0e this /ultiast group at any ti/e and at any loation" without restritions on the nu/.er
of /e/.ers! The /ultiast router need not store the /e/.er relations of all the hosts! The
router needs to store infor/ation only a.out whether any host in the physial su.networ9
.elongs to a speifi /ultiast group! The host needs to store infor/ation only a.out the
/ultiast groups that it :oins!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
IP /ultiast protools are lassified into two ategories7 the o//uniation protool .etween
/ultiast routers and the protool .etween /ultiast routers" hosts" and #ayer 2 swithes!
The o//uniation protool .etween /ultiast routers is used to o.tain the /ultiast
routing infor/ation! This type of protool ontains the Protool Independent 4ultiast-
,ense 4ode (PI4-,4)" Protool Independent 4ultiast-&parse 4ode (PI4-&4)" and
,istane 1etor 4ultiast 2outing Protool (,142P)!
The protool .etween /ultiast routers" hosts" and #ayer 2 swithes is used to forward
/ultiast pa9ets aording to the /ultiast routing infor/ation! This type of protool
ontains the I<4P" I<4P &nooping" I<4P Pro;y" and Ciso <roup 4anage/ent
Protool (C<4P)! The I<4P is a #ayer 3 /ultiast protool" and the I<4P &nooping"
I<4P Pro;y" and C<4P are #ayer 2 /ultiast protools!
#+#1+%+% IG.P
Contained in the TCP)IP suite" the I<4P protool is used to /anage /e/.ers of the IP
/ultiast group! The I<4P protool reates and /aintains the /e/.er relationship of the
/ultiast group .etween the host and its ad:aent /ultiast router!
The host notifies the loal router of :oining a speifi /ultiast group and aepting the
infor/ation fro/ this /ultiast group through the I<4P protool! The router periodially
6ueries whether a /e/.er of a speifi group in the #-' is ati0ated through the I<4P
protool (that is" whether the /e/.er of a speifi /ultiast group still e;ists in the networ9
seg/ent)" and therefore ollets and /aintains the /e/.er relationship of groups that are
onneted to the router! Through this /ehanis/" the /ultiast router reates a ta.le" whih
ontains the ports of the router and /e/.ers of eah speifi group in the su.networ9s
orresponding to eah port! -fter reei0ing the pa9et of a speifi group" the router forwards
the pa9et only to the ports that ha0e the /e/.ers of this group!
5ntil now" there are three I<4P protool 0ersions7 I<4P01" I<4P02" and I<4P03!
I<4P01 /anages /ultiast group /e/.ers .ased on the 6uery and response
/ehanis/! I<4P01 does not speify the pa9ets to .e sent when an 'D lea0es a
/ultiast group! Therefore" when an 'D lea0es a /ultiast group" it does not send any
/essage! -fter the 'D lea0es a /ultiast group" the I<4P router no longer reei0es
report pa9ets that are sent to the /ultiast group! -fter a ertain period" the I<4P
router deletes the /ultiast ite/s forwarded to the /ultiast group!
Co/pared with I<4P01" I<4P02 supports the 6uerier eletion /ehanis/ and the
lea0ing /ehanis/! Cith the 6uerier eletion /ehanis/" the /ultiast routing protool
selets the router whose IP address is the s/allest as the 6uerier when a shared networ9
seg/ent has /ultiple /ultiast routers!
Co/pared with I<4P01 and I<4P02" I<4P03 supports enhaned 'D ontrol
apa.ility" and the pa9et 6uerying and reporting funtion! -fter the ontrol apa.ility of
'Ds is enhaned" an 'D seleti0ely reei0es the infor/ation fro/ a /ultiast router and
/as9s the infor/ation fro/ the other /ultiast routers when a shared networ9 seg/ent
has /ultiple /ultiast routers! Cith the pa9et 6uery and report funtion" I<4P03
supports the general 6uery funtion of I<4P01" the group-speifi 6uery funtion of
I<4P02" and the group-and-soure-speifi 6uery funtion!
Currently" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only I<4P01 and I<4P02!
#+#1+%+& IG.P Snoopin
The I<4P &nooping funtion reates and /aintains the /apping relationship .etween group
/e/.ers and ports of the swith .y snooping I<4P pa9ets!
Copyright Huawei
(@@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
/e/.ers and ports of the swith .y snooping I<4P pa9ets! -fter the I<4P &nooping
protool is ena.led" the .ridge onsiders the port that reei0es the I<4P 6uery pa9et as the
router port! Chen the .ridge detets the response that is trans/itted to the router port" the
.ridge adds the port that reei0es the response and the router port to a speifi /ultiast
group! -fter reei0ing the /ultiast pa9et" the .ridge 6ueries the /ultiast ta.le in whih the
soure port funtions as the router port! If the /ultiast group that /athes the /ultiast
address e;ists in the /ultiast ta.le" the .ridge forwards the pa9et to this /ultiast group! If
the /ultiast group that /athes the /ultiast address does not e;ist in the /ultiast ta.le" the
.ridge disards the pa9et or .roadasts the pa9et! Chen the .ridge detets that a ertain port
in a /ultiast group does not respond to the I<4P 6uery pa9et for onseuti0e ti/es the
nu/.er of whih e;eeds the threshold" the .ridge deletes this port fro/ the /ultiast group!
In addition" you need to .e fa/iliar with the following onepts that are related to the I<4P
&nooping funtion!
Dna.ling the I<4P &nooping protool
If the I<4P &nooping protool is ena.led" the e6uip/ent starts to perfor/ learning and
aging operations for router ports and /ultiast groups! Conse6uently" the /ultiast
ser0ies are /ultiast in the orresponding /ultiast groups!
If the I<4P &nooping protool is disa.led" the e6uip/ent stops perfor/ing learning and
aging operations on router ports and /ultiast groups" and deletes all the learned
dyna/i /ultiast groups!
2outer port
Copyright Huawei
(@(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 ,iagra/ of router ports and /e/.er ports
Source
>u(ticast pac-ets
N51
2ntranet
2nternet/
Group "e"$er
&ost 5
Group "e"$er
&ost B &ost 3 &ost 2
&ost 1
Group "e"$er
N52
>u(ticast
>ana)e"ent
router
>u(ticast )roup "e"$er port
Router :ort
The router port refers to a port that faes the /ultiast router! The Dthernet data .oards of
the e6uip/ent onsider the port that reei0es the I<4P 6uery pa9et as the router port!
2outer ports are lassified into the following two ategories7
N ,yna/i router port (/ar9ed .y .lue irles in +igure 1-13@)7 It refers to a port that
an reei0e the I<4P 6uery pa9et! The dyna/i router port is .ased on the pa9ets
trans/itted .etween the router and the host and is dyna/ially /aintained! Dah
dyna/i router port an ena.le a router port aging ti/er! Chen the ti/er e;pires" this
port .eo/es in0alid and the /ultiast group that is .ased on this port is deleted!
N &tati router port (not /ar9ed in +igure 1-13@)7 It refers to a port that a user speifies
.y running the onfiguration o//and! The stati router port is not aged!
4e/.er port
The /ultiast group /e/.er port refers to a port that faes the host of the group
/e/.er! The #ayer 2 e6uip/ent forwards /ultiast ser0ie pa9ets to the /e/.er ports!
The /ultiast group /e/.er ports" referred to as /e/.er ports for short" are lassified
into the following two ategories7
N ,yna/i /e/.er port (/ar9ed .y yellow s6uares in +igure 1-13@)7 It refers to a port
that an reei0e the I<4P report pa9et fro/ the host! The dyna/i /e/.er port is
.ased on the pa9ets trans/itted .etween the router and the host and is dyna/ially
/aintained! Dah dyna/i /e/.er port is aged after the /a;i/u/ nu/.er of non-
response ti/es is reahed!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
N &tati /e/.er port (not /ar9ed in +igure 1-13@)7 It refers to a port that is speified
through the onfiguration o//and of a user! The stati /e/.er port is not aged!
-ging ti/e of the router port
-s is speified in the I<4P protool" the router needs to trans/it the I<4P 6uery pa9et
periodially to the host" to o.tain the infor/ation indiating whether the host is in the
/ultiast group!
-fter the Dthernet data .oard of the e6uip/ent learns a router port in a .roadast
do/ain" the aging ti/er is started for this port! Chen the aging ti/er of this router port
e;pires and this port does not reei0e any 6uery pa9et" the I<4P &nooping su.-syste/
onsiders this router port as in0alid and then ages this router port!
If this router port reei0es the 6uery pa9et (inluding the speifi 6uery pa9et) .efore
the aging ti/er e;pires" the aging ti/er of this port is reset!
4a;i/u/ non-response ti/es of /ultiast group /e/.ers
The e6uip/ent needs to learn the infor/ation indiating whether a /ultiast group
/e/.er lea0es a /ultiast group in a ti/ely /anner! This an pre0ent the ser0ie
pa9ets fro/ .eing trans/itted ontinuously to the /ultiast group /e/.ers that ha0e
left a /ultiast group" whih /ay e;haust the resoures of the e6uip/ent and
downstrea/ e6uip/ent!
Chen a ertain port on the e6uip/ent reei0es the I<4P response pa9et that is sent .y
the host for the first ti/e" the e6uip/ent adds this port to the orresponding /ultiast
group and then starts the ount of non-response ti/es for this /ultiast /e/.er! Chen
the 6uery pa9et is sent to the /ultiast /e/.er and the response pa9et is not reei0ed
in a re6uired response period" the ount of non-response ti/es for this /ultiast /e/.er
is started! Chen the ount 0alue reahes the threshold" the /ultiast /e/.er is
onsidered ha0ing left the /ultiast group and this /ultiast /e/.er is deleted! -s a
result" the e6uip/ent that is onneted to this port annot reei0e the /ultiast ser0ies!
If the response pa9et is reei0ed .efore the ount 0alue of non-response ti/es for a
/ultiast group /e/.er port reahes the /a;i/u/ non-response ti/es" the ount 0alue
is reset!
I<4P general 6uery pa9et
The I<4P general 6uery pa9et refers to a pa9et that is trans/itted .y the /ultiast
router to the /ultiast group /e/.ers! The I<4P general 6uery pa9et is used to 6uery
whih /ultiast groups ha0e /e/.ers!
I<4P speifi 6uery pa9et
The I<4P speifi 6uery pa9et refers to a pa9et that is trans/itted .y the /ultiast
router to the /ultiast group /e/.ers! The I<4P speifi 6uery pa9et is used to 6uery
whether speifi /ultiast groups ha0e /e/.ers!
I<4P report pa9et
The I<4P report pa9et refers to a report pa9et that is trans/itted .y a /ultiast group
/e/.er to the /ultiast router! The I<4P report pa9et is used to re6uest for the :oining
of a /ultiast group or to respond to the I<4P 6uery pa9et!
I<4P lea0e pa9et
The I<4P lea0e pa9et refers to a pa9et that is trans/itted .y a /ultiast group
/e/.er to the /ultiast router when the /e/.er ati0ely 6uits its group! The I<4P
lea0e pa9et is used to notify the router of a /e/.erJs lea0e fro/ a /ultiast group!
This setion desri.es the apaity of the e6uip/ent for supporting I<4P &nooping!
Copyright Huawei
(@3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cations
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of
/ultiast groups
$pti% $&' (007 (12
$pti% $&' ((07 (12
$pti% $&' (*07 @0AB
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of
/e/.ers in a /ultiast
group
$pti% $&' (007 102@
$pti% $&' ((07 102@
$pti% $&' (*07 @0AB
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of no-
response ti/es
1 to @
I<4P pa9et 0ersion
supported
11
12
4ultiast aging ti/e 1 to 120 /inutes
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that I<4P &nooping o/plies with!
The I<4P &nooping o/plies with 2+C @(@1 Considerations for Internet <roup
4anage/ent Protool (I<4P) and 4ultiast #istener ,iso0ery (4#,) &nooping &withes!
#+#1+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the I<4P &nooping feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00)((0 1100200BC00 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
!ard7are Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
Copyright Huawei
(@*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
!ard7are Version
Applicable Product
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+#1+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for I<4P &nooping in the networ9
design phase and onfiguration and o//issioning phase!
Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
I<4P
&nooping
If the I<4P /ultiast router e;ists
on the interonneted Dthernet
networ9" ena.le the I<4P
&nooping protool aording to the
re6uire/ents of the router!
$therwise" disa.le the I<4P
&nooping protool!
-
Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
4ethod for
proessing
un9nown
/ultiast
pa9ets and
/ultiast
&et the /ethod for proessing
un9nown /ultiast pa9ets and
/ultiast aging ti/e aording to
the re6uire/ents of the I<4P
/ultiast router! It is reo//ended
-
Copyright Huawei
(@A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
aging ti/e that you use the default 0alues!
#+#1+* Principle Description
The I<4P &nooping reates and /aintains the /apping relations .etween group /e/.ers
and ports of the swith .y snooping I<4P pa9ets! This ensures that /ultiast pa9ets are
trans/itted only to the ports that are onneted to /ultiast users!
The .ridge proesses the I<4P 6uery pa9et" report pa9et" /ultiast pa9et" and fast-lea0e
pa9et to ahie0e the I<4P &nooping funtion!
-fter the .ridge reei0es the I<4P general 6uery pa9et or the I<4P speifi 6uery
pa9et" it proesses this pa9et as follows7
1! The .ridge he9s whether the port that reei0es the pa9et is already learnt as the router
port!
2! If this port is not learnt" the .ridge reords this port as the router port!
3! If the reei0ed pa9et is the I<4P speifi 6uery pa9et and the port that reei0es this
pa9et is already reorded as the router port" the .ridge .roadasts this pa9et in the
speifi /ultiast group and starts the ti/er for the /a;i/u/ 6uery response ti/e and if
the /ultiast group that is speified in this pa9et e;ists! $therwise" the .ridge
.roadasts this pa9et in the address do/ain or 1#-' do/ain of the .ridge!
-fter the .ridge reei0es the I<4P report pa9et" it proesses this pa9et as follows7
1! The .ridge he9s whether the /ultiast reord is already learnt in the address do/ain or
1#-' do/ain of the .ridge!
2! If this /ultiast reord is not learnt and if the /ultiast group does not e;ist" the .ridge
reates the /ultiast group and reates the /apping relations .etween the router ports"
4-C /ultiast addresses" and /ultiast group /e/.ers .y onsidering this port as the
/ultiast /e/.er port! If this /ultiast reord is not learnt and this port is not ontained
in the /ultiast /e/.er ports of the /ultiast group" the /ultiast group adds this port
as the /ultiast /e/.er port! If this /ultiast reord is learnt" the .ridge re-sets the
ount of no-response ti/es for this /ultiast /e/.er!
-fter the .ridge reei0es the /ultiast pa9et" it proesses this pa9et as follows7
1! The .ridge 6ueries the /ultiast ta.le that uses the soure port as the router port!
2! If the /ultiast group that /athes the /ultiast address e;ists in the /ultiast ta.le" the
.ridge forwards the pa9et to this /ultiast group!
3! If the /ultiast group that /athes the /ultiast address does not e;ist in the /ultiast
ta.le" the .ridge disards the pa9et or .roadasts the pa9et in the 1#-' do/ain!
The .ridge perfor/s the I<4P fast-lea0e funtion as follows! -fter the .ridge reei0es
the I<4P fast-lea0e pa9et" it proesses this pa9et as follows7
1! The /e/.er port reei0es an I<4P fast-lea0e pa9et fro/ the /ultiast group!
2! The .ridge deletes the /e/.er port in the /ultiast group!
Chen the data port fails to respond to the 6uery within a ertain period or fails to reei0e a
6uery pa9et within a ertain period" the /ultiast /e/.er and dyna/i router port will age!
The .ridge renews the /ultiast /e/.ers .y aging the /ultiast /e/.er and dyna/i router
port!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The .ridge proesses the aging of /ultiast /e/.ers as follows7
1! If the /a;i/u/ 6uery response ti/e e;pires" the .ridge adds one to the no-response
ti/es of the /ultiast /e/.er!
2! If the no-response ti/es of a /ultiast /e/.er e;eeds the threshold" the .ridge deletes
this /ultiast /e/.er port!
3! If a /ultiast group does not ha0e any /ultiast /e/.er port" the .ridge deletes this
/ultiast group!
-ging of the dyna/i router port7 The aging ti/er of a router port is started for eah
dyna/i router port! If no I<4P 6uery pa9et is reei0ed in a ertain period" the ti/er
e;pires and the router port .eo/es in0alid! In addition" the /ultiast group that is .ased
on this router port is deleted!
#+#1+1 Net7or,in and Application
The e6uip/ent that ena.les the I<4P &nooping funtion dyna/ially learns the router port"
/ultiast group" and group /e/.er .y snooping the I<4P pa9ets trans/itted .etween the
/ultiast /anage/ent router and the host! In this /anner" the /ultiast pa9ets are pre0ented
fro/ .eing .roadast a/ong the e6uip/ent at #ayer 2! The I<4P &nooping has a strong
apa.ility of /anaging the /ultiast ser0ies" suh as dyna/ially responding to the I<4P
Foin)#ea0e re6uests of usto/ers! Hene" the I<4P &nooping is applia.le to the e6uip/ent
at the aess and on0ergene layers!
-s shown in +igure 1-13(" the /ultiast router is loated at the networ9 layer whereas 'D1"
'D2" and the swithes are loated at the data lin9 layer! -fter the I<4P protool is ena.led on
the /ultiast router and the I<4P &nooping protool is ena.led on 'D1 and 'D2" 'D1 and
'D2 sense the pa9ets on the /ultiast router" and updates and /aintains the orresponding
route ta.le ite/s! -fter reei0ing the /ultiast pa9ets fro/ the router" 'D1 and 'D2 he9s
their own /ultiast ta.les and forward the pa9ets only to the ports that ha0e group /e/.er
hosts in the downstrea/" thus pre0enting pa9et .roadasting!
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Figure 1.1 4ultiast forwarding
Source
>u(ticast pac-ets
N51
2ntranet
2nternet/
Group "e"$er
&ost 5
Group "e"$er
&ost 1
Group "e"$er
N52
>u(ticast
>ana)e"ent
router
#+#1+/ Con6urin the IG.P Snoopin
This topi desri.es how to onfigure the I<4P &nooping protool for the pa9et
trans/ission ser0ie!
#+#1+/+# Settin the IG.P Snoopin Parameters
The I<4P &nooping para/eters inlude Eabled )rotocol" 2outer )ort Agig Time3mi4"
Maximum times of No 2es-ose from Multicast Members" Maximum Number of
Multicast 9rou-s" and Maximum Number of Multicast 9rou-s Member! Oou need to set
these para/eters so that the I<4P &nooping an wor9 nor/ally! -fter setting the I<4P
&nooping para/eters for the /ultiast ser0ie that is already reated" you an set ertain ports
that arry the /ultiast ser0ie as 6ui9ly delete /e/.er ports! The /ultiast user on eah
6ui9ly delete /e/.er port an swith the /ultiast ser0ie hannel 6ui9ly!
PrereBuisites
The D-#-' ser0ie /ust .e reated!
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Procedure
Step # &elet the 'D in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio >
Et$eret )rotocol Cofiguratio > 19M) %oo-ig Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion
Tree!
Step % Cli9 the )rotocol Cofiguratio ta." and then set the para/eters aording to the
re6uire/ent! -fter the setting" li9 A--l/!
Chen setting these para/eters" note the following points7
Eabled )rotocol7 This para/eters speifies whether the I<4P &nooping funtion is ena.led or
disa.led!
2outer )ort Agig Time3mi47 The 0alue ranges fro/ 1 to 120" and the default 0alue is *! This
para/eter an .e set when the I<4P &nooping funtion is ena.led!
Maximum times of No 2es-ose from Multicast Members7 The 0alue ranges fro/ 1 to @" and the
default 0alue is 3! This para/eter an .e set when the I<4P &nooping funtion is ena.led!
Maximum Number of Multicast 9rou-s7 The 0alue range is deter/ined .y the /a;i/u/
speifiation of the e6uip/ent! This para/eter an .e set when the I<4P &nooping funtion is
ena.led!
Maximum Number of Multicast 9rou-s Member7 The 0alue range is deter/ined .y the
/a;i/u/ speifiation of the e6uip/ent! This para/eter an .e set when the I<4P &nooping
funtion is ena.led!
Step & &elet the /ultiast ser0ie that re6uires the setting of the 6ui9ly delete /e/.er port! The
/ultiast ser0ie is displayed in the lower pane!
Step 0 &et the para/eters that are related to the 6ui9ly delete /e/.er port for the /ultiast ser0ie!
These para/eters inlude '!AN 1," )ort T/-e" and )ort! Oou an /odify the 0alues
dou.le-li9ing these para/eters!
If you need to set a port that arries the /ultiast ser0ie as a 6ui9ly delete /e/.er port" the port /ust
ha0e only one /ultiast ser0ie user! $therwise" different users on the 6ui9ly delete port are /utually
affeted when they reei0e /ultiast ser0ies!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+#1+/+% Con6urin the Route .anaement
-fter you /anually reate the router port" the e6uip/ent an respond to the I<4P 6uery
pa9ets of the router through this router port! The router port is not aged auto/atially and
always e;ists unless /anually deleted!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Tree!
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Step % Cli9 the 2oute Maagemet ta.! Cli9 New! Chen the Create 2outer )ort dialog .o; is
displayed" set the re6uired para/eters and selet the /ultiast router port to .e added!
%er&ice 1,7 This para/eter speifies the I, of the ser0ie that the router port arries" that is" the I,
of the D-#-' ser0ie!
'!AN 1,7 The 0alue of the '!AN 1, should .e set aording to the atual re6uire/ent! The 0alue
ranges fro/ 1 to @0A@!
A&ailable )ort7 The orresponding port should .e seleted aording to the ti/e! The added port
/ust .elong to the 1#-' of the ser0ie!
Step & Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+#1+/+& Con6urin the Route .ember Port .anaement
Chen you onfigure the route /e/.er port" you an define the /ultiast range! The stati
/ultiast /e/.er port is not aged auto/atially and always e;ists unless /anually deleted!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Tree!
Step % Cli9 the 2oute Member )ort Maagemet ta." and then li9 New!
Step & Chen the Create Member )ort dialog .o; is displayed" set the re6uired para/eters!
%er&ice 1,7 This para/eter speifies the I, of the ser0ie that the router port arries" that is" the I,
of the D-#-' ser0ie!
'!AN 1,7 The 0alue of the '!AN 1, should .e set aording to the atual re6uire/ent! The 0alue
ranges fro/ 1 to @0A@!
Multicast MAC Address7 The 0alue ranges fro/ 01-00-(D-00-01-00 to 01-00-(D-3+-++-++!
A&ailable )ort7 The orresponding port should .e seleted aording to the ti/e! The added port
/ust .elong to the 1#-' of the ser0ie!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+#1+/+0 Con6urin the Pac,et Statistics
Chen you set the status of the protool pa9et statistis" you an ena.le" disa.le" or lear the
pa9et statistis! The pa9et statistis data helps the user .e fa/iliar with the running status of
the /ultiast ser0ie!
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PrereBuisites
The route /e/.er port /ust .e onfigured!
Procedure
Step # &elet the 'D in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Cofiguratio > Et$eret )rotocol
Cofiguratio > 19M) %oo-ig Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the )ac*et %tatistics ta." and set the para/eters ontained in the I<4P protool pa9et
statistis!
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent-t present" only I<4P01 and I<4P02 are supported!
%er&ice 1,7 This para/eter is atually the I, of the D-#-' ser0ie!
'!AN 1,7 The 0alue ranges fro/ 1 to @0A@!
)ort T/-e7 The )ort T/-e an .e 1-5'I or 1-''I! This para/eter annot .e set!
)ort7 The orresponding port should .e seleted aording to the atual re6uire/ent!
)ac*et %tatistics %tatus7 The 0alue an .e set to %to-" %tart" or Clear! The default 0alue is %to-!
19M)&1 +uer/ )ac*et Cout7 The 0alue of this para/eter is o.tained through 6uery and this
para/eter annot .e set!
19M)&2 +uer/ )ac*et Cout7 The 0alue of this para/eter is o.tained through 6uery and this
19M)&( +uer/ )ac*et Cout7 The 0alue of this para/eter is o.tained through 6uery and this
19M) !ea&ig )ac*et Cout7 The 0alue of this para/eter is o.tained through 6uery and this
19M)&1 Member 2e-ort )ac*et Cout7 The 0alue of this para/eter is o.tained through 6uery
and this para/eter annot .e set!
19M)&2 Member 2e-ort )ac*et Cout7 The 0alue of this para/eter is o.tained through 6uery
19M)&( Member 2e-ort )ac*et Cout7 The 0alue of this para/eter is o.tained through 6uery
#recogiAed or #-rocessed )ac*et Cout7 The 0alue of this para/eter is o.tained through
6uery and this para/eter annot .e set!
,iscarded 1correct )ac*et Cout7 The 0alue of this para/eter is o.tained through 6uery and this
suessful! Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+#1+#" Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure I<4P &nooping
Copyright Huawei
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#+#1+#"+# Net7or, Diaram
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent /ultiasts the data pa9ets fro/ the router interfae to the
/ultiast /e/.er interfaes!
-s shown in +igure 1-13B" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent /ultiasts the data pa9ets fro/ the
router interfae (3-D4BT-1) to the /ultiast /e/.er interfaes (3-D4BT-3" 3-D4BT-@ and 3-
D4BT-()!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9 diagra/ of I<4P &nooping
"u(ticast pac-ets
group )e)8er
ost 3
group )e)8er group )e)8er
3-5>D'-1
3-5>D'-3
3-5>D'-5
3-5>D'-B
ost 2 ost 1
#+#1+#"+% Service Plannin
The ser0ie planning infor/ation ontains all the para/eters re6uired for onfiguring the 'D
data!
Ta.le 1-1A3 pro0ides the planning infor/ation a.out ena.ling the I<4P &nooping!
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Table 1.1 Planning infor/ation a.out ena.ling the I<4P &nooping
Attribute Description
Dna.led Protool Dna.led
2outer Port -ging Ti/e (/in) *
4a;i/u/ ti/es of 'o 2esponse fro/
4ultiast 4e/.ers
3
4a;i/u/ 'u/.er of 4ultiast <roups 5nli/ited
Ta.le 1-1A@ pro0ides the planning infor/ation a.out /anaging the I<4P &nooping routes!
Table 1.2 Planning infor/ation a.out /anaging the I<4P &nooping routes
&er0ie I, 101
1#-' I, 30
&eleted Port 3-D4BT-1(P$2T-1)R30S
Ta.le 1-1A( pro0ides the planning infor/ation a.out /anaging the I<4P &nooping route
/e/.er ports
Table 1.( Planning infor/ation a.out /anaging the I<4P &nooping route /e/.er ports
&er0ie I, 101
1#-' I, 30
4ultiast 4-C -ddress 01-00-(D-00-01-02
&eleted Port 3-D4BT*-3(P$2T-3)R30S" 3-D4BT-
@(P$2T-@)R30S" 3-D4BT-((P$2T-()R30S
Ta.le 1-1AB pro0ides the planning infor/ation a.out pa9et statistis on the I<4P &nooping
Table 1.7 Planning infor/ation a.out pa9et statistis on the I<4P &nooping
Pa9et &tatisti &tatus &tart
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#+#1+#"+& Con6uration Process
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust understand the networ9ing" re6uire/ents and ser0ie planning of the e;a/ple!
Procedure
Step # $n the 52000" set the I<4P &nooping para/eters! +or details" see 1!1*!A!1 &etting the I<4P
&nooping Para/eters!
Dna.led Protool Dna.led
2outer Port -ging Ti/e (/in) *
4a;i/u/ ti/es of 'o 2esponse fro/
4ultiast 4e/.ers
3
4a;i/u/ 'u/.er of 4ultiast <roups 5nli/ited
Step % $n the 52000" onfigure the route /anage/ent! +or details" see 1!1*!A!2 Configuring the
2oute 4anage/ent!
&er0ie I, 101
1#-' I, 30
&eleted Port 3-D4BT-1(P$2T-1)R30S
Step & $n the 52000" onfigure the route /e/.er port! +or details" see 1!1*!A!3 Configuring the
2oute 4e/.er Port 4anage/ent!
&er0ie I, 101
1#-' I, 30
4ultiast 4-C -ddress 01-00-(D-00-01-02
&eleted Port 3-D4BT-3(P$2T-3)R30S" 3-D4BT-@(P$2T-
@)R30S" 3-D4BT-((P$2T-()R30S
Step 0 $n the 52000" onfigure the pa9et statistis status! +or details" see 1!1*!A!@ Configuring the
Pa9et &tatistis!
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Pa9et &tatisti &tatus &tart
....Ed
#+#1+## Relevant Alarms and :vents
There is no alar/ or perfor/ane e0ent rele0ant to the I<4P &nooping funtion!
#+#1+#% Parameter DescriptionD IG.P Snoopin
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are related to the ser0ie onfiguration!
#+#1+#%+# Protocol Con6uration
Oou need to set the para/eters suh as 2outer )ort Agig 3mi4" Maximum Number of
Multicast 9rou-s" and Maximum Number of Multicast 9rou- Members when
onfiguring the I<4P &nooping protool!
Ta.le 1-1A3 lists the para/eters that used for onfiguring the I<4P &nooping protool!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring the I<4P &nooping protool
-ield Value Description
&er0ie I, D;a/ple7 ( ,isplay the ser0ie I,!
Dna.led Protool ,isa.led" Dna.led
,efault7 ,isa.led
,isplay and set the ena.le
status!
2outer Port -ging (/in) 1-120
,efault7 *
,isplay and set the aging
ti/e for the /ultiast router
port!
4a;i/u/ ti/es of 'o
2esponse fro/ 4ultiast
4e/.ers
1-@
,efault7 3
,isplay and set the
/a;i/u/ non-response
ti/es of /ultiast group
/e/.ers!
4a;i/u/ 'u/.er of
4ultiast <roups
D;a/ple7 5nli/ited ,isplay and set the
/a;i/u/ nu/.er of
/ultiast groups!
The nu/.er of stati
/ultiast groups annot .e
/ore than the /a;i/u/
nu/.er set .y the user!
4a;i/u/ 'u/.er of
4ultiast <roup 4e/.ers
D;a/ple7 5nli/ited ,isplay and set the
/a;i/u/ nu/.er of
/ultiast groups!
The nu/.er of /ultiast
group /e/.ers annot .e
Copyright Huawei
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/ore than the /a;i/u/
nu/.er set .y the user!
-tual 4ultiast Count D;a/ple7 2 Euery the ount of atual
/ultiast groups!
-tual 4ultiast 4e/.ers
Count
D;a/ple7 3 Euery the ount of atual
/ultiast /e/.ers!
1#-' I, 1 to @0A@
,efault7 1
,isplay the 1#-' I, of the
ser0ie!
Port Type 1-5'I" 1-''I
,efault7 1-5'I
,isplay and set the 6ui9ly
delete /e/.er port type for
the ser0ie!
'.#N17 user-side port!
'.NN17 networ9-side port!

Port D;a/ple7 3-D4BT-2(P$2T-
2)R((S
,isplay and set the 6ui9ly
delete /e/.er port!
#+#1+#%+% Router .anaement
Configuring router /anage/ent of the I<4P &nooping funtion is to set the para/eters suh
as )ort %tatus" )ort Creatig Time" and )ort 2emaider Agig Time 3mi4 for Dthernet
ports!
Ta.le 1-1A* lists the para/eters for router /anage/ent of the I<4P &nooping funtion!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for router /anage/ent of the I<4P &nooping funtion
1#-' I, 1-@0A@ ,isplay the 1#-' I, of the
ser0ie!
Port Type 1-5'I" 1-''I ,isplay the 0irtual port type
orrespond to the ser0ie
port!

2)
,isplay the port!
Port &tatus ,yna/i" &tati ,isplay the port status!
Port Creating Ti/e D;a/ple7 200*-1-31
A7(*72(70
,isplay the ti/e when the
port is reated!
Port 2e/ainder -ging Ti/e D;a/ple7 * ,isplay the port re/ainder
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(/in) aging ti/e!
-0aila.le Port D;a/ple7 3-D4BT-2(P$2T-
2)R((S
-ll a0aila.le!
&eleted Port D;a/ple7 3-D4BT-3(P$2T-
3)R((S
-ll seleted!
#+#1+#%+& Route .ember Port .anaement
Configuring route /e/.er port /anage/ent of the I<4P &nooping funtion is to set the
para/eters suh as Multicast 9rou- T/-e" Multicast 9rou- Creatig Time" and )ort
2emaider Agig Times!
Ta.le 1-1AA lists the para/eters for route /e/.er port /anage/ent of the I<4P &nooping
funtion!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for route /e/.er port /anage/ent of the I<4P &nooping funtion
ser0ie!
4ultiast 4-C -ddress 01-00-(D-00-01-00 - 01-00-
(D-3+-++-++
,efault 0alue7 01-00-(D-00-
01-00
,isplay the /ultiast 4-C
address!
4ultiast <roup Type &tati" ,yna/i ,isplay the /ultiast group
type!
4ultiast <roup Creating
Ti/e
D;a/ple7 200*-1-31
107(@7370
,isplay the ti/e when the
/ultiast group is reated!
Port Type 1-5'I" 1-''I ,isplay the port type for the
ser0ie!

2)
,isplay the port!
Port 2e/ainder -ging
Ti/es
D;a/ple7 3 ,isplay the port re/ainder
aging ti/es!
-0aila.le Port D;a/ple7 3-D4BT-2(P$2T-
2)R((S
-ll a0aila.le!
&eleted Port D;a/ple7 3-D4BT-3(P$2T-
3)R((S
-ll seleted!
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#+#1+#%+0 Pac,et Statistics
Oou need to set the para/eters suh as )ac*et %tatistic %tatus" 19M) !ea&ig )ac*et
Cout" and ,iscarded 1correct )ac*et Cout when olleting the pa9et statistis of the
I<4P &nooping funtion!
Ta.le 1-200 lists the para/eters for olleting the pa9et statistis of the I<4P &nooping
funtion!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for olleting the pa9et statistis of the I<4P &nooping funtion
ser0ie!
Port Type 1-5'I" 1-''I ,isplay the port type for the
ser0ie!

Port D;a/ple7 1 ,isplay the port!
Pa9et &tatisti &tatus Clear" &tart" &top
,efault 0alue7 Clear
&et and display the pa9et
statistis status!
I<4P01 Euery Pa9et
Count
D;a/ple7 ( ,isplay the ount of the
reei0ed I<4P01 6uery
pa9ets!
I<4P02 Euery Pa9et
Count
D;a/ple7 B ,isplay the ount of the
pa9ets!
I<4P03 Euery Pa9et
Count
D;a/ple7 3 ,isplay the ount of the
pa9ets!
NOTE
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent-t
present" only I<4P01 and
I<4P02 are supported!
I<4P #ea0ing Pa9et
Count
D;a/ple7 ( ,isplay the ount of the
reei0ed I<4P pa9ets that
lea0e the /ultiast group!
I<4P01 4e/.er 2eport
Pa9et Count
reei0ed I<4P01 /e/.er
report pa9ets!
Pa9et Count
D;a/ple7 3 ,isplay the ount of the
report pa9ets!
Copyright Huawei
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Pa9et Count
report pa9ets!
NOTE
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent-t
present" only I<4P01 and
I<4P02 are supported!
5nreogni8ed or
5nproessed Pa9et Count
D;a/ple7 * ,isplay the ount of
unreogni8ed or
unproessed pa9ets!
,isarded Inorret Pa9et
Count
D;a/ple7 3 ,isplay the ount of
disarded inorret pa9ets!
#+#/ 5in, Areation
Cith no need for hardware upgrades" lin9 aggregation .inds se0eral Dthernet ports as a logial
port for higher lin9 .andwidth and lin9 relia.ility!
#+#/+# Introduction
-s the Dthernet tehnology is widely applied in the /etropolitan area networ9 (4-') and the
wide area networ9 (C-')" arriers propose inreasingly higher re6uire/ents on the
.andwidth and relia.ility of aess lin9s that use the Dthernet tehnology! Hardware upgrades
an inrease Dthernet lin9 .andwidth .ut also inur high e;penditure! In addition" hardware
upgrades are less fle;i.le than software upgrades! To inrease .andwidth at a low e;penditure
and fle;i.ly" the lin9 aggregation tehnology is de0eloped!
#in9 aggregation has the following harateristis7
Cith no need for hardware upgrades" lin9 aggregation .inds se0eral Dthernet ports as a
higher-.andwidth logial port!
The lin9 .a9up /ehanis/ of the lin9 aggregation tehnology pro0ides higher lin9
trans/ission relia.ility!
#in9 aggregation funtions .etween ad:aent 'Ds and is independent of the networ9
topology!
The logial lin9 aggregating se0eral physial lin9s is alled a lin9 aggregation group (#-<)!
#in9 aggregation is also alled port aggregation .eause eah lin9 orresponds to two speifi ports at
two ends in Dthernet trans/ission!
-s shown in +igure 1-133" two ad:aent 'Ds are interonneted through three pairs of
Dthernet ports! Three physial Dthernet lin9s are .ound as a logial lin9" alled a #-<!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 #-<
5ternet
pac-et
,in- 1
,.G
,in- 2
,in- 3 5ternet
pac-et
#+#/+% )asic Concepts
lin9 aggregation feature!
#+#/+%+# 5ACP
#in9 -ggregation Control Protool (#-CP) funtions to aggregate and deaggregate Dthernet
lin9s dyna/ially!
,e0eloped .ased on IDDD *02!3ad" #-CP perfor/s the following funtions7
#-CP pro0ides the data swithing e6uip/ent with a standard negotiation /ode to for/
an aggregation lin9! -fter #-CP is ena.led" the syste/ auto/atially aggregates
/ultiple lin9s aording to its onfiguration and ena.les the aggregation lin9 to trans/it
and reei0e data!
#-CP allows .oth ends of the aggregated lin9 to e;hange #in9 -ggregation Control
Protool ,ata 5nits (#-CP,5s)" and therefore helps in /aintaining lin9s statuses and
i/ple/ents dyna/i lin9 aggregation and deaggregation!
+or details a.out the #-CP,5 struture" see IDDD *02!3ad!
-fter /e/.er ports are added to a #-<" eah end of the #-< sends #-CP,5s to infor/ the
peer of its syste/ priority" 4-C address" /e/.er port priorities" port nu/.ers" and
operational 9eys!
-fter .eing infor/ed" the peer o/pares the infor/ation with that sa0ed on itself" and selets
ports that an .e aggregated! Then" #-CP negotiation is perfor/ed to selet ati0e ports and
lin9s!
Trans/ission of #-CP,5s /ay .e in either of the following /odes7
D0ent-triggered trans/ission
- hange in the state of the loal syste/ or in the loal onfiguration triggers the
generation and trans/ission of a new #-CP,5!
Periodi trans/ission
Chen a #-< wor9s sta.ly" #-CP,5s are periodially trans/itted telling the real-ti/e
#-< status!
#+#/+%+% 5in, Areation Types
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports /anual lin9 aggregation and stati lin9 aggregation!
Copyright Huawei
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5in,
Are
atio
n
Type
De6nition Application
Scenario
Impact on
Services
4anual
lin9
aggrega
tion
In /anual lin9 aggregation" a
user reates a lin9 aggregation
group (#-<) and #in9
-ggregation Control Protool
(#-CP) is not started if a
/e/.er port is added or deleted!
The syste/ deter/ines whether
to aggregate a port aording to
its physial status (up or down)"
wor9ing /ode" and rate!
The $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent is
interonneted
with e6uip/ent
that does not
support #-CP!
Chen the reei0e or
trans/it diretion of a
/e/.er lin9 fails" for
e;a/ple" when the
fi.er onneted to a
reei0e or trans/it
optial port is ut" the
ser0ie trans/it end
annot detet the fault!
-s a result" ser0ies are
interrupted!
&tati
lin9
aggrega
tion
In stati lin9 aggregation" a user
reates a #-< and #-CP is
started if a /e/.er port is added
or deleted! =y running #-CP"
the /e/.er port status is
deter/ined! - stati #-< has
/ore aurate and effeti0e
ontrol o0er lin9 aggregation
than a /anual #-<!
The $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent is
interonneted
with e6uip/ent
that supports
#-CP!
-
&tati lin9 aggregation is reo//ended when interonneted e6uip/ent supports #-CP!
#+#/+%+& 5oad Sharin .odes
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports load sharing lin9 aggregation and load non-sharing lin9
aggregation! #oad sharing lin9 aggregation helps inrease lin9 .andwidth while load non-
sharing lin9 aggregation helps i/pro0e lin9 relia.ility!
5oad Sharin 5in, Areation
Dah /e/.er lin9 in a load-sharing #-< arries traffi! That is" the /e/.er lin9s in a load-
sharing #-< share the load!
To ensure load .alaning o0er /e/.er lin9s in a #-<" hash algorith/s are used!
The hash algorith/s alloate traffi .ased on7
4-C addresses" inluding soure 4-C addresses" destination 4-C addresses" and
soure 4-C addresses plus destination 4-C addresses
IP addresses" inluding soure IP addresses" destination IP addresses" and soure IP
addresses plus destination IP addresses
4P#& la.els
Chen a /e/.er in a #-< hanges or a lin9 fails" the traffi is re-alloated auto/atially!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5oad Non'Sharin 5in, Areation
In a load non-sharing #-<" only one /e/.er lin9 arries traffi and the other lin9s are in the
stand.y state!
$ne the ati0e lin9 fails" the syste/ selets a lin9 fro/ the stand.y lin9s to ta9e o0er!
#oad non-sharing lin9 aggregation an .e set to re0erti0e or non-re0erti0e!
Chen load non-sharing lin9 aggregation is set to re0erti0e" ser0ies are swithed .a9 to
the ati0e lin9 after this lin9 is restored!
Chen load non-sharing lin9 aggregation is set to non-re0erti0e" ser0ies are not swithed
.a9 to the ati0e lin9 after this lin9 is restored" .ut are still trans/itted on the stand.y
lin9!
#+#/+%+0 Port Types
4e/.er ports of a #-< are lassified into /aster ports and stand.y ports!
Port
Type
De6nition Port Characteristics
Similarity Di@erence
4aster
port
Port representing a
#-< in ser0ie
onfiguration
Chen reating a
#-<" you need to
speify .oth the
/aster and stand.y
ports!
The /aster)stand.y
state of a port does
not hange one
.eing onfigured!
The /aster port

represents the #-<
to partiipate in
ser0ie onfiguration
whereas stand.y
ports annot
partiipate in ser0ie
onfiguration!
- #-< has only one

/aster port .ut an
ha0e se0eral stand.y
ports!
The /aster port an

6uit its affiliated
#-< only after the
#-< is deleted! -
stand.y port an .e
added to or deleted
fro/ a #-<! -fter a
#-< is deleted" its
ser0ies are still
arried .y the /aster
port!
&tand.y
port
-ll /e/.er ports
e;ept for the /aster
port
-n Dthernet port an .elong to only one #-<!
#+#/+%+2 Priority
#-< priority inludes syste/ priority and port priority! Priority setting allows negotiation of
aggregation infor/ation .etween #-<s at two ends and real-ti/e /aintenane on lin9 status!
Copyright Huawei
(BB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Priority
Type
Description Usae
&yste/ priority Indiates the priority of a
#-<!
-pplies to o/parison .etween
interonneted #-<s at two ends! The
#-< with a higher syste/ priority is in
a do/inant position during #-CP
negotiation" and aggregation
infor/ation of this #-< will .e used!
NOTE
If #-<s at two ends ha0e the sa/e syste/
priority" syste/ 4-C addresses are
o/pared! -ggregation infor/ation of the
end with a s/aller 4-C address will .e
used!
Port priority Indiates the priority of a port
in a #-<!
-pplies to negotiation .etween ports in
an #-<! The port with a higher priority
is the ati0e port! 5sers an hange the
ati0e port .y /odifying port priority!
&yste/ priority and port priority wor9 together to deter/ine whih ports are used to arry ser0ies with
preferene! &yste/ priority pre0ails o0er port priority!
#+#/+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations for #-<s!
Item Speci6cations
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of supported #-<s $pti% $&' (007 *
$pti% $&' ((07 1B
$pti% $&' (*07 12*
Type of supported ports in a #-< $pti% $&' (007 +D)<D port
$pti% $&' ((07 +D)<D)10 <D port
$pti% $&' (*07 +D)<D)10 <D port
#oad sharing /ode #oad sharing
#oad non-sharing
#in9 ,etetion Protool 'ull (default)
3ah
#-< /in ati0e lin9 threshold &upported
#-CP pa9et reei0e ti/eout period &hort period
#ong period (default)
#oad sharing algorith/ (in load sharing
/ode only)
a
=ased on soure 4-C addresses
=ased on destination 4-C addresses
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cations
=ased on soure 4-C addresses and
destination 4-C addresses
=ased on soure IP addresses
=ased on destination IP addresses
=ased on soure IP addresses and
destination IP addresses
=ased on 4P#& la.els
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of sla0e ports in a #-< $pti% $&' (007
3 (load sharing)
1 (load non-sharing)
$pti% $&' ((07
3 (load sharing)
$pti% $&' (*07
1( (load sharing)
-ggregation type 4anual aggregation
&tati aggregation
2e0erti0e /ode (in load non-sharing /ode
only)
2e0erti0e
'on-re0erti0e
Inter-.oard #-< &upported
4C-#-< $pti% $&' (007 'ot supported
$pti% $&' ((07 'ot supported
$pti% $&' (*07 B@
&withing ti/e

&withing duration7
N 4anual)&tati #-<7 W (0 /s at an
optial port and W 2s at an eletrial
port if the lin9 is interrupted
.idiretionally
N &tati #-<7 W 3s if the lin9 is
interrupted unidiretionally
CT2 ti/e 0 to 30 /inutes (10 /inutes" .y default)
NOTE
a7 -ll the #-<s of an 'D use the sa/e load sharing algorith/!
#+#/+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with the lin9 aggregation
feature!
Copyright Huawei
(B*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The following protool is assoiated with the lin9 aggregation feature7
IDDD *02!3ad7 Carrier sense /ultiple aess with ollision detetion (C&4-)C,) aess
/ethod and physial layer speifiations
IDDD *02!1-%7 #oal and /etropolitan area networ9s-#in9 -ggregation
#+#/+2 Availability
The #-< funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
Copyright Huawei
(BA
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+#/+4 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for lin9 aggregation group (#-<) at
the networ9 design phase" the onfiguration and o//issioning phase" and the /aintenane
phase!
5imitation
Remar,s
Dntire feature The #-<s at .oth ends /ust
wor9 in the sa/e
aggregation /ode!
')-
In a /anual load non-
sharing #-<" the s/allest-
nu/.ered port on the
s/allest-nu/.ered .oard is
the /aster port!
')-
-ggregation /ode 4anual #-< and stati
#-< annot .e
interonneted!
')-
&tati #-< is reo//ended
for its higher lin9 relia.ility!
4anual #-< is used when
the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
interonnets with
e6uip/ent that does not
support #in9 -ggregation
Control Protool (#-CP)!
')-
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation
Remar,s
If an #-< is stati" the
inter/ediate 'D .etween
the #-<-ena.led 'Ds /ust
.e a.le to transparently
trans/it #-CP pa9ets!
4a9e sure that the lin9s
.etween #-<-ena.led 'Ds
an .e properly aggregated
or dis/issed!
Port The /aster and sla0e ports
/ust .e in the sa/e port
/ode!
')-
added into a #-<!
')-
&yste/ priority &yste/ priority and port
priority wor9 together to
deter/ine whih ports in a
#-< are preferentially used
to arry ser0ies! &yste/
priority pre0ails o0er port
priority!
')-
#-< wor9ing with Eo& Chen #-< wor9s with
Eo&" only the port poliy
an .e opied to other ports
after one port is onfigured!
The opy ation i/pro0es
onfiguration effiieny!
Eo& proessing and flow-
.ased perfor/ane statistis
are perfor/ed separately for
the /aster port and the sla0e
ports on a #-<!
')-
5imitation
Remar,s
Port $pti% $&' (007 5'I)''I
ports an .e added to #-<s!
$pti% $&' ((07 5'I ports
an .e added to #-<s!
$pti% $&' (*07 5'I ports
an .e added to #-<s!
')-
4aster port -/ong all the ports to .e
added to a #-<" only one
-
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation
Remar,s
port is allowed to ha0e .een
onfigured with ser0ies and
this port /ust .e onfigured
as the /aster port! If none of
these ports is onfigured
with ser0ies" any port an
.e onfigured as the /aster
port!
The port on an interfae
.oard annot .e onfigured
in the sa/e #-< with that
on a syste/ ontrol .oard!
&la0e port - sla0e port an only .e
onfigured into one #-<
and annot .e onfigured
with ser0ies!
The port poliies and 15'I
ingress poliies of a sla0e
port /ust .e opied fro/
the /aster port!
')-
Port priority &et a higher priority to a
port that is preferred to
trans/it traffi!
- s/aller 0alue indiates a
higher priority!
&withing ti/e

&withing duration7
N 4anual)&tati #-<7
W (0 /s at an optial
port and W 2s at an
eletrial port if the
lin9 is interrupted
.idiretionally
N &tati #-<7 W 3s if
the lin9 is interrupted
unidiretionally
')-
Cait to restore (CT2) ti/e +or stati aggregation" the
CT2 ti/e ta9es effet when
the ports in the #-<s at
.oth ends are in
autonegotiation /ode and
the #-<s are non-load
sharing and non-re0erti0e!
+or /anual aggregation" the
CT2 ti/e of the #-<s at
.oth ends /ust .e the sa/e!
')-
"T2 Time 3mi4 needs to
.e set at .oth ends of a
#-<! The atual CT2 ti/e
of an 'D is the s/aller one
')-
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation
Remar,s
of the 0alues for .oth ends!
In a #-<" if the "T2 Time
3mi4 is set to 6 or disa.led
at one end" the "T2 Time
3mi4 is disa.led for the
#-<!
=oard

- port on an D4BT)+
.oard and a port on an
D+*+ .oard an .e added
to a sa/e #-<!
Ports on any two D<@C

.oards installed in slots
3-B an .e added to a
sa/e #-<!
Dthernet ports on a syste/

ontrol" swithing" and
ti/ing .oard an .e
added to a #-<!
$nly the $pti% $&' ((0 is
in0ol0ed!
-lgorith/ The load sharing hash
algorith/ applies to #-<s
on a per-'D .asis!
in0ol0ed!
-lgorith/ +or the $pti% $&' (*0" the
algorith/ is onfigured
.ased on the #-<!
')-
5imitation
Remar,s
#-< -fter a #-< is onfigured"
ser0ies are auto/atially
reonfigured on the /e/.er ports
in the #-<! Therefore" ser0ies on
the /e/.er ports are transiently
interrupted!
')-
5imitation
Remar,s
#-< To pre0ent a.nor/al
ser0ies due to the attri.ute
inonsisteny .etween
The port attri.utes of a
/aster port inlude the
wor9ing /ode"
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation
Remar,s
/aster and sla0e ports" the
software auto/atially
synhroni8es the port
attri.utes of the /aster port
to the sla0e ports! -fter a
#-< is deleted" the software
auto/atially restores the
port attri.utes of the sla0e
ports to the pre0ious ones!
autonegotiation flow ontrol
/ode" non-autonegotiation
flow ontrol /ode" port
/ode" 4-C address" IP
address" default 1#-' I,"
enapsulation type" tag"
/a;i/u/ fra/e length"
tunnel status" EinE type
field" .roadast pa9et
suppression status" and
.roadast pa9et
suppression threshold!
4aster port The /aster port annot .e
/odified or deleted after a
#-< is reated!
')-
4aster port and sla0e ports The /aster port and sla0e
ports an .e disa.led!
')-
H-2,H=-, alar/ If a /anual aggregation
#-< is onfigured" a
H-2,H=-, alar/ annot
trigger an #-< swithing
ation!
')-
#+#/+* Principles
#-CP i/ple/ents esta.lish/ent" switho0er" and switho0er re0ersion of stati #-<s!
#-CP is not in0ol0ed in i/ple/entation of /anual lin9 aggregation" and therefore the de0ies at .oth
ends do not e;hange lin9 aggregation ontrol protool data units (#-CP,5s)! 4anual lin9 aggregation
applies when the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent is interonneted with e6uip/ent that does not support #-CP!
+or /anual lin9 aggregation" #-< esta.lish/ent" switho0er" and switho0er re0ersion are i/ple/ented
.ased on the port status" port wor9ing /ode" and port rate! +or details on i/ple/entation priniples of
/anual lin9 aggregation" see IDDD *02!3ad!
#+#/+*+# 5AG :stablishment Process
This setion desri.es the proess of setting up a #-<!
The proess of setting up a stati #-< is as follows7
1! ,e0ies at .oth ends send #-CP,5s to eah other!
2! ,e0ies at .oth ends deter/ine the -tor .ased on #-CP syste/ priorities and syste/
I,s!
3! ,e0ies at .oth ends deter/ine ati0e ports (ports arrying traffi) .ased on the port
priorities of the -tor!
Copyright Huawei
(3@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
:9chanin 5ACPDUs )et7een )oth :nds
-s shown in +igure 1-13*" you need to reate a stati #-< on 'D1 and 'D2 and add /e/.er
ports to the #-<! The /e/.er ports are ena.led with #-CP" and therefore 'D1 and 'D2 an
send #-CP,5s to eah other!
Figure 1.1 D;hanging #-CP,5s .etween .oth ends of a stati #-<
N51 N52
,.C:D0
,.C:D0
Determinin the Actor
-s shown in +igure 1-13A" de0ies at .oth ends reei0e #-CP,5s fro/ eah other! 5se 'D2
as an e;a/ple! Chen 'D2 reei0es #-CP,5s fro/ 'D1" 'D2 he9s and reords
infor/ation a.out 'D1 and o/pares syste/ priorities! If the syste/ priority of 'D1 is higher
than that of 'D2" 'D1 ats as the -tor and 'D2 selets the ports interonneted with the
ati0e ports on 'D1 as its ati0e ports!
If the syste/ priority of 'D1 is the sa/e as that of 'D2" the 'D with a s/aller syste/ I, ats
as the -tor!
Figure 1.1 ,eter/ining the -tor
N5 %it a i)er
s#ste" priorit#
N51 N52
N51 N52
N5 %it a (o%er
s#ste" priorit#
'e (in-s to carr#
traffic are
!eter"ine! $ase!
on infor"ation at
te .ctor
,.G
,.G
,.G
Selectin Active Ports
-s shown in +igure 1-1*0" after de0ies at .oth ends selet the -tor" .oth de0ies selet
ati0e port .ased on the priorities of ports on the -tor!
-fter ati0e port is seleted" ati0e lin9 in the #-< is speified and traffi is distri.uted
aross the lin9!
Copyright Huawei
(3(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 &eleting ati0e ports in a stati #-<
.cti/e ports are
se(ecte! $ase!
on infor"ation
at te .ctor
N51 N52
.ctor
:ort
priorit#
2
1
2
1
:ort
priorit#
N51 N52
.ctor
:ort
priorit#
2 1
2
1
:ort
priorit#
,.G
,.G
.cti/e ,in-
#+#/+*+% 5AG 5in, S7itchover and Reversion
This setion desri.es the switho0er proess .etween ati0e lin9s and inati0e lin9s!
S7itchover Conditions
In a stati #-<" a lin9 switho0er is triggered if a de0ie at one end detets one of the
following e0ents7
-n ati0e lin9 goes ,own!
#-CP detets a lin9 fault!
-n ati0e port .eo/es una0aila.le!
S7itchover Process
Chen any of the preeding trigger onditions is /et" the lin9 switho0er is perfor/ed in the
following proedure7
+or a load non-sharing #-<7
1! The faulty lin9 is disa.led!
2! The .a9up lin9 with the highest priority is seleted to replae the faulty ati0e lin9!
3! The .a9up lin9 with the highest priority .eo/es the ati0e lin9 and then forwards data!
+or a load sharing #-<7
1! The faulty lin9 is disa.led!
2! Traffi is re-alloated to /e/.er lin9s .ased on the load sharing algorith/!
S7itchover Reversion Process
+or a load non-sharing stati #-< that wor9s in re0erti0e /ode" if an ati0e port fails and
.eo/es an inati0e port" it will wor9 as an ati0e port again after it reo0ers!
Copyright Huawei
(3B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-s shown in +igure 1-1*1" ports 1 and 2 are /e/.er ports in a stati #-<" and their priorities
are A and 10 respeti0ely! -fter port 1 fails" port 2 ta9es o0er as the ati0e port! -fter port 1
reo0ers" port 1 wor9s as an ati0e port and port 2 still wor9s as an inati0e port!
Figure 1.1 2e0ersing a switho0er (stati #-<)
N51 N52
:ort
priorit#
10
9 9
10
:ort
priorit#
Stan!$# (in-
.cti/e (in-
,.G
+or a load non-sharing stati #-<" if an ati0e port fails and .eo/es an inati0e port" it will wor9 as an
ati0e port again after it reo0ers! Traffi is re-alloated to /e/.er lin9s .ased on the load sharing
algorith/!
&er0ies are not swithed .a9 to a pre0iously ati0e lin9 i//ediately after this lin9 reo0ers"
.ut until the CT2 ti/e e;pires! The CT2 ti/e pre0ents possi.le fre6uent lin9 status hanges
fro/ affeting ser0ie trans/ission on the entire #-<!
#+#/+1 Creatin an :thernet 5AG
The data lin9s of a #-< an .e onsidered as a lin9 logially! Therefore" to onfigure an
Dthernet #-<" you only need to set the orresponding Dthernet ports!
#+#/+1+# Creatin a 5AG
#in9 aggregation allows all the /e/.ers in a #-< to share the ino/ing and outgoing
ser0ie loads" whih inreases the .andwidth! In addition" the /e/.ers in the sa/e #-<
pro0ide .a9up for eah other dyna/ially" whih i/pro0es the relia.ility of the onnetion!
PrereBuisites
The port /odes of the /ain port and the sla0e port /ust .e the sa/e!
&er0ies should not .e onfigured at the sla0e port!
Procedure
1terface Maagemet > !i* Aggregatio 9rou- Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New and the Create !i* Aggregatio 9rou- dialog .o; is displayed!
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
If you selet the Assig automaticall/ he9 .o;" the '4& auto/atially assigns #-< nu/.ers!
$therwise" you need to /anually enter a #-< 'o!
Chen !A9 T/-e is set to %tatic" e6uip/ent runs the #-CP protool! Chen !A9 T/-e is set to
Maual" e6uip/ent does not run the #-CP protool!
Chen !oad Balacig is set to %$arig" it indiates that eah /e/.er lin9 in a #-< arries traffi!
That is" the /e/.er lin9s in the #-< share the load! Chen !oad Balacig is set to No.%$arig"
it indiates that only one /e/.er lin9 in the #-< arries traffi!
-fter you reate a #-< the type of whih is set to stati" you an 6uery !i* Aggregatio 9rou-
,etails and !i* !AC) )ac*et %tatistics of this #-<!
If a stati" load non-sharing #-< is onfigured on eah of two interonneted 'Ds" "T2 Time
3mi4 ta9es effet only if the ports in the #-<s wor9 in auto-negotiation /ode!
Step 0 Cli9 OK! - dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful!
Step 2 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+#/+1+% Settin 5AG Parameters
In a stati #-<" traffi is always arried .y a port with a higher priority!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step % Cli9 the )ort )riorit/ ta.! &et the port priority and load sharing hash algorith/!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Chen the 0alue is s/aller" the priority is higher!
!oad %$arig >as$ Algorit$m is 0alid only when #oad &haring of a #-< is set to %$arig!
-fter the onfiguration data is deployed" !oad %$arig >as$ Algorit$m ta9es effet for the entire
'D!
suessful!
Step 0 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
#+#/+1+& <ueryin Port 5ACP Pac,et Statistics
Oou an learn the urrent lin9 aggregation status .y 6uerying the port #-CP pa9et statistis!
PrereBuisites
This funtion is applia.le only to the #-< that uses the stati aggregation /ode!
Procedure
Step % Cli9 the !i* Aggregatio 9rou- Maagemet ta.!
Step & 2ight-li9 a #-< that uses the stati aggregation /ode and hoose !i* !AC) )ac*et
%tatistics fro/ the shortut /enu!
Step 0 $.tain #-CP pa9et statistis of ports in the !i* !AC) )ac*et %tatistics window that is
displayed!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
(3A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#/+1+0 .odi8yin a 5AG
$n the '4&" you an /odify the infor/ation a.out a #-< that is already reated! The
/odifiations inlude adding or deleting a /e/.er and /odifying the type of a #-<!
PrereBuisites
The physial networ9 topology /ust .e esta.lished!
The 'Ds" fi.ers" Dthernet data .oards" and other .oards /ust .e reated on the 52000!
- #-< is already reated! +or details" see 1!1A!*!1 Creating a #-<!
Procedure
Cli9 the !i* Aggregatio 9rou- Maagemet ta.!
Step % &elet the #-< the infor/ation of whih needs to .e /odified" and then li9 Modif/! In the
Modif/ !i* Aggregatio 9rou- window that is displayed" set the re6uired para/eters!
!A9 No.7 This para/eter 0alue annot .e hanged!
!A9 Name7 Changing this para/eter 0alue does not interrupt ser0ies!
!A9 T/-e7 Changing this para/eter 0alue transiently interrupts ser0ies! &er0ies will not .e
restored until 0alue hanges are o/pleted at .oth ends!
!oad %$arig7 Changing this para/eter 0alue transiently interrupts ser0ies! &er0ies will not .e
restored until 0alue hanges are o/pleted at .oth ends!
2e&erti&e Mode7 Changing this para/eter 0alue does not interrupt ser0ies!
Pa9et 2eei0e Ti/eout Period7
Chen %$ort -eriod is /odified to !og -eriod" the ser0ies are not affeted!
Chen !og -eriod is /odified to %$ort -eriod" #-< swithing is triggered when the atual
inter0al of reei0ing #-CP protool pa9ets is longer than 3s!
#-< 4in -ti0e #in9 Threshold7
If the /odified 0alue is larger than the nu/.er of atual ati0e lin9s" ser0ies are not affeted!
If the /odified 0alue is s/aller than the nu/.er of atual ati0e lin9s" the syste/ dee/s that an
#-< fault ours!
Step & Cli9 OK! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 Close!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
(*0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+#/+/ Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure #-<s aording to
networ9 onditions!
#+#/+/+# :9ample Description
#in9 aggregation allows /ultiple lin9s that are attahed to the sa/e e6uip/ent to .e
aggregated together to for/ a #-< so that the .andwidth inreases and the relia.ility of the
lin9s is i/pro0ed! The aggregated lin9s an .e onsidered as a single logial lin9!
-s shown in +igure 1-1*2" 'D1 is onneted to the e6uip/ent on the user side through two
<D lin9s! The two <D lin9s for/ a #-< to inrease the .andwidths of the lin9s and i/pro0e
the relia.ility of the lin9s!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing of the #-<
G5 ( i n-
0ser-si !e
e?ui p"ent
N51
,.G
,i n- 1
,i n- 2
Service Plannin
The engineering design depart/ent perfor/s planning .ased on engineering re6uire/ents and
pro0ides detailed planning infor/ation! The e;a/ple shown in +igure 1-1*2 is onsidered as
an e;a/ple! Ta.le 1-201 lists the planned #-< para/eters and their 0alues!
Table 1.1 Planned #-< para/eters and their 0alues
Parameter Value
#-< 'o! 1
#-< 'a/e #-<H1
#-< Type &tati
&withing Protool -
&withing 4ode -
#in9 ,etetion Protool -
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter Value
2e0erti0e 4ode -
#oad =alaning &haring
#-< Priority 0
CT2 Ti/e (/in) -
4aster =oard 3-D4B+
=oard 3-D4B+
4aster Port 1(Port-1)
&la0e Port 3-D4B+-(Port-2)
3-D4B+-(Port-1) Priority 1
3-D4B+-(Port-2) Priority 2
#oad =alaning Hash -lgorith/ &oure and ,estination IP
#+#/+/+% Con6uration Process
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # $n the '4&" onfigure a #-< for 'D1! +or details a.out the onfiguration /ethod" see
1!1A!*!1 Creating a #-<!
In the e;a/ple" the para/eters that are assoiated with the #-< are set as follows!
Parameter Value in This
:9ample
Description
#-< 'o! 1 -
#-< 'a/e #-<H1 -
#-< Type &tati !A9 T/-e is set to %tatic aording to
the planning infor/ation!
&withing Protool - -
&withing 4ode - -
#in9 ,etetion
Protool
- -
2e0erti0e 4ode - In this e;a/ple" if !oad Balacig is set
to %$arig" 2e&erti&e Mode is
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
:9ample
Description
una0aila.le!
#oad =alaning &haring Chen !oad Balacig is set to %$arig"
eah /e/.er lin9 in a #-< arries
traffi! That is" the /e/.er lin9s in the
#-< share the load!
#-< Priority 0 !A9 )riorit/ is of the highest priority
and therefore is set to 6!
CT2 Ti/e (/in) - In this e;a/ple" if !oad Balacig is set
to %$arig" 2e&erti&e Mode is
una0aila.le! Therefore" "T2 Time
3mi4 is also una0aila.le!
4aster =oard 3-D4B+ -
=oard 3-D4B+ -
4aster Port 1 (Port-1) -
&eleted &la0e
Ports
3-D4B+-2 (Port-2) -
Step % $n the '4&" onfigure the priority of eah port in the #-<! +or details a.out the
onfiguration /ethod" see 1!1A!*!2 &etting #-< Para/eters!
The priority of eah port is set as follows!
Parameter Value in
This
:9ample
Description
3-D4B+-1 (Port-1) 1 This para/eter is set aording to the priority of
the port!
3-D4B+-2 (Port-2) 2 This para/eter is set aording to the priority of
the port!
#oad =alaning
Hash -lgorith/
&oure and
,estination IP
The default 0alue!
....Ed
#+#/+#" Veri8yin a 5AG
This setion desri.es how to he9 whether a #-< wor9s properly .y 0erifying the .asi
funtions of the #-<!
Copyright Huawei
(*3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
PrereBuisites
The #-< /ust .e reated!
+igure 1-1*3 shows the networ9ing of a #-<" in whih the port that is onneted to lin9 1
funtions as the /ain port and the port that is onneted to lin9 2 funtions as the sla0e port!
Oou an 0erify the #-< in the following aspets7
<enerate a fault on the networ9! The #-< should ena.le ser0ie swithing!
+or a #-< that wor9s in load non-sharing /ode" hange para/eter settings for the #-<!
The #-< should wor9 properly!
+or a #-< that wor9s in load non-sharing /ode and is set to re0erti0e" retify the fault
on the lin9 onneted to the /ain port! The ser0ie should .e suessfully swithed .a9
to the /ain port!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of a #-<
N51 N52
,.G
,in- 1
,in- 2
Procedure
Step # <enerate a fault on the networ9! The #-< should ena.le ser0ie swithing!
1! ,isonnet the fi.er or Dthernet a.le fro/ the /ain port!
2! In the 4ain Topology" right-li9 'D1 and hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the shortut /enu!
3! In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired pa9et Dthernet .oard and hoose Cofiguratio
> )ac*et Cofiguratio > 1terface Maagemet > !i* Aggregatio 9rou-
Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
@! In the right pane" selet the reated #-< and then li9 +uer/! Che9 whether the /ain
and sla0e ports wor9 properly!
Step % +or a #-< that wor9s in load non-sharing /ode" hange para/eter settings for the #-<! The
#-< should wor9 properly!
3! In the right pane" selet the reated #-< and then li9 +uer/! Che9 whether the /ain
@! &elet the reated #-< and then li9 Modif/! Change !oad %$arig to %$arig for
'D1! Then" he9 whether the states of the /ain and sla0e ports are 1 %er&ice!
(! Cli9 A--l/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the
Copyright Huawei
(*@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
B! 2epeat &teps a to f to /odify the para/eters of the #-< on 'D2!
3! 2epeat &teps a to to 6uery the states of the /ain and sla0e ports in the #-<s on 'D1
and 'D2! The states of the /ain and sla0e ports are 1 %er&ice!
Step & +or a #-< that wor9s in load non-sharing /ode and is set to re0erti0e" retify the fault on the
lin9 onneted to the /ain port! The ser0ie should .e suessfully swithed .a9 to the /ain
port!
3! In the right pane" selet the reated #-< and then li9 +uer/! Che9 whether the /ain
@! ,isonnet the fi.er or Dthernet a.le fro/ the /ain port!
(! 2epeat &teps a to to 6uery the states of the /ain and sla0e ports in the #-<s on 'D1
and 'D2!
B! 2eonnet the fi.er or Dthernet a.le to the /ain port!
3! 2epeat &teps a to to 6uery the states of the /ain and sla0e ports in the #-<s on 'D1
and 'D2!
If the /ain and sla0e ports in the #-<s on 'D1 and 'D2 are restored to the initial states" it indiates
that the #-<s wor9 properly!
....Ed
#+#/+## Troubleshootin
+ollowing a ertain trou.leshooting flow failitates your fault loating and retifiation!
Symptom
The o//on #-< faults are as follows7
The /e/.er ports .eo/e una0aila.le" .eause the #-< is faulty! -s a result" the
ser0ies are interrupted!
Certain pa9ets are disarded" .eause the /e/.er ports in the #-< .eo/e
una0aila.le!
Possible Causes
The 'Ds at .oth ends of the #-< are onfigured inorretly!
The /e/.er ports in the #-< wor9 in half-duple; /ode!
#oop.a9s are perfor/ed on the /e/.er ports in the #-<!
The /e/.er ports in the #-< are disonneted!
-lo7 Chart
In pa9et /ode" the #-<H,$C' or #-<H4D4=D2H,$C' alar/ auses a #-< failure!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 +low hart for retifying a #-< fault
'e
,.GJF.2,
a(ar" occursL
5n!
Start
&an!(e te
a(ar"
'e
confi)urations of
$ot N5s at $ot
en!s are
incorrectL
'e port %or-s
in a(f-!up(e3
"o!eL
>o!if# te
confi)urations of
$ot N5s
>o!if# te %or-in)
"o!e of te port to
fu((-!up(e3
Re(ease te
(oop$ac- at te port
Rectif# te connection
fau(t at te port to
c(ear te a(ar"
'e fau(t is
rectifie!L
Contact &ua%ei
tecnica( support
en)ineers to an!(e te
fau(t
'e
,OO:J.,> or
5'&J5F>J,OO:7.CP
a(ar" occursL
'e 5'&J,OS or
5'&J,2NPJDO<N
a(ar" occursL
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
No
No
No
No
No
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Procedure
Step # Cause 17 The 'Ds at .oth ends of the #-< are onfigured inorretly!
1! $n the 52000" he9 whether the #-<H,$C' or #-<H4D4=D2H,$C' alar/ is
reported!
2! If yes" see the Alarms and Performance Events Reference to lear the alar/! Then" he9
whether the fault is retified!
Step % Cause 27 The /e/.er ports in the #-< wor9 in half-duple; /ode!
1! Che9 whether the /e/.er ports in the #-< wor9 in half-duple; /ode!
2! If yes" hange the wor9ing /ode to full-duple; and ensure that the ports on the loal and
opposite 'Ds wor9 in the sa/e /ode!
Step & Cause 37 #oop.a9s are perfor/ed on the /e/.er ports in the #-<!
1! Che9 whether the #$$PH-#4 or DTHHD+4H#$$P=-CG alar/ is reported on the
/e/.er ports in the #-<!
2! If yes" release the loop.a9 status to lear the #$$PH-#4 or DTHHD+4H#$$P=-CG
alar/!
Step 0 Cause @7 The /e/.er ports in the #-< are disonneted!
1! Che9 whether the DTHH#$& or DTHH#I'GH,$C' alar/ is reported on the /e/.er
ports in the #-<!
2! If yes" see the Alarms and Performance Events Reference to lear the alar/! Then" he9
whether the fault is retified!
Step 2 If the fault persists" ontat the tehnial support engineers of Huawei!
....Ed
#+#/+#% Relevant Alarms and :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents assoiated with #-<!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
#-<H,$C' Indiates that a #-< fails! This alar/ is reported when the nu/.er of
ati0ated /e/.ers in a #-< is 0!
#-<H4D4=D2
H,$C'
Indiates that a /e/.er port in a #-< fails! This alar/ is reported
when a /e/.er port annot .e ati0ated or annot wor9 as a .a9up
port!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to #-<!
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#+#/+#& Relevant Parameters
This setion desri.es para/eters assoiated with #-< /anage/ent!
#+#/+#&+# 5AG .anaementH5AG Creation
This setion desri.es para/eters assoiated with #-< reation!
Table 1.1 -ttri.ute para/eters
Paramet
er
Value
Rane Description
#-< 'o! 1-B@
+or e;a/ple"
1
This para/eter speifies the #-< I,! This para/eter an
.e set only if Assig automaticall/ is not seleted!
#-< 'a/e - harater
string with
less than B@
haraters"
whih an .e
letters"
nu/erals" and
speial
haraters!
+or e;a/ple"
#-<1
This para/eter speifies the #-< na/e!
#-< Type &tati"
4anual
,efault 0alue7
&tati
This para/eter speifies the #-< type!
'alue descri-tio=
%tatic7 In stati lin9 aggregation" a user reates a #-<

and #in9 -ggregation Control Protool (#-CP) is
started if a /e/.er port is added or deleted! 4e/.er
ports in a #-< /ay .e in seleted" stand.y" or
unseleted state! The de0ies at .oth ends e;hange
#-CP,5s and negotiate ports and lin9s to .e
aggregated!
Maual7 In /anual lin9 aggregation" a user reates a

#-< and #-CP is not started if a /e/.er port is added
or deleted! 4e/.er ports of a /anual #-< /ay .e in
up or down state! The syste/ deter/ines whether to
perfor/ lin9 aggregation depending on the physial port
status (up or down)" wor9ing /ode" and port rate!
2ecommedatios=
The de0ies at .oth ends of a #-< /ust use the sa/e lin9
aggregation /ode!
It is reo//ended that you set this para/eter to %tatic
.eause a stati #-< pro0ides higher lin9 relia.ility than a
/anual #-<! &et this para/eter to Maual when the
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent is interonneted with e6uip/ent
that does not support #-CP! +or a /anual #-<" it is
reo//ended that you onfigure IDDD *02!3ah $-4 to
Copyright Huawei
(**
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
er
Value
Rane Description
/onitor the lin9 status and ena.le .oth ends to perfor/ a
#-< switho0er one a unidiretional fi.er ut is deteted!
&with
Protool
- This para/eter speifies the switho0er protool for a
/anual #-<!
para/eter!
&withing
4ode
- This para/eter speifies the switho0er /ode for a /anual
#-<!
para/eter!
#in9
,etetion
Protool
'ull" 3ah
,efault 0alue7
'ull
This para/eter speifies whether the lin9 /onitoring
protool is used for a /anual #-<!
'alue descri-tio=
Null7 'o lin9 /onitoring protool is used for a /anual

#-<!
(a$7 IDDD *02!3ah is used as a lin9 /onitoring protool

for a /anual #-<!
2ecommedatios=
The 0alue (a$ is reo//ended if the interonneted de0ie
supports IDDD *02!3ah! This ensures that ser0ies are
swithed to the sa/e lin9 at .oth ends! -n DTHHD+4H,+
alar/ deteted .y an ati0e #-< /e/.er triggers a #-<
switho0er!
Associatio wit$ ot$er -arameters=
This para/eter an .e set and 6ueried only when !A9
T/-e is %tatic!
2e0erti0e
4ode
2e0erti0e"
'on-re0erti0e
,efault 0alue7
'on-
2e0erti0e
This para/eter speifies whether ser0ies are swithed
.a9 to /e/.er lin9s with higher priorities after these lin9s
reo0er fro/ faults!
1m-acts o t$e s/stem=
If you set this para/eter to 2e&erti&e" ser0ies will .e
swithed .a9 to the /e/.er lin9 with a higher priority
after it reo0ers fro/ faults! - #-< switho0er will ause
ser0ies to .e una0aila.le for not /ore than (00 /s!
'alue descri-tio=
2e&erti&e7 &er0ies will .e swithed .a9 to the /e/.er

lin9 with a higher priority after the lin9 reo0ers fro/
faults!
No.2e&erti&e7 &er0ies will not .e swithed .a9 to the

/e/.er lin9 with a higher priority after the lin9
reo0ers fro/ faults! &er0ies will .e swithed .a9
only after the /e/.er lin9 that is arrying the ser0ies
fails!
2ecommedatios=
Copyright Huawei
(*A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
er
Value
Rane Description
+or a /anual #-<" if IDDD *02!3ah $-4 is not used for
/onitoring the #-< status and this para/eter is set to
2e&erti&e" ser0ies will .e interrupted when a
unidiretional fi.er ut ours!
This para/eter 0alue /ust .e the sa/e at .oth ends of a
#-<!
This para/eter an .e set only after !oad %$arig is set to
No.%$arig!
#oad
=alaning
'on-&haring"
&haring
,efault 0alue7
'on-&haring
This para/eter speifies whether /ore than one port is
used to arry traffi when a #-< has se0eral /e/.er ports!
'alue descri-tio=
%$arig7 Dah /e/.er lin9 in a #-< arries traffi! That

is" the /e/.er lin9s in the #-< share the load! The
sharing /ode inreases Dthernet lin9 .andwidth! Chen
a /e/.er in a #-< hanges or a lin9 fails" the traffi is
re-alloated auto/atially!
No.%$arig7 $nly one /e/.er lin9 of a #-< arries

traffi and the other /e/.er lin9 is in stand.y state! In
this ase" a lin9 hot .a9up /ehanis/ is pro0ided!
Chen the ati0e lin9 of a #-< is faulty" the syste/
ati0ates the stand.y lin9 to trans/it ser0ie traffi!
2ecommedatios=
It is reo//ended that you set this para/eter to No.
%$arig when a #-< is e;peted to pro0ide lin9
protetion! It is reo//ended that you set this para/eter to
%$arig when a #-< is e;peted to inrease lin9
.andwidth!
+or a /anual #-<" .oth ends /ust use the sa/e load
sharing /odeI otherwise" ser0ies will .e interrupted!
If !oad %$arig is set to %$arig" 2e&erti&e Mode and
"T2 Time 3mi4 annot .e set!
#oad
=alaning
Hash
-lgorith/
- &et this para/eter in the !i* Aggregatio )arameters
ta. page!
#-<
Priority
0 to B((3(
,efault7
323B*
This para/eter speifies the #-< priority at the loal end!
1m-acts o t$e s/stem=
Chen a loal #-< negotiates with an opposite #-<
through #-CP,5s" .oth #-<s an o.tain the syste/
priorities of eah other! The #-< with the lower syste/
priority hanges its lin9 aggregation infor/ation to .e
onsistent with that of the #-< with the higher syste/
priority! If the #-< priorities at .oth ends are the sa/e" the
Copyright Huawei
(A0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
er
Value
Rane Description
syste/ 4-C addresses are o/pared! The #-< with the
larger syste/ 4-C address hanges its lin9 aggregation
infor/ation to .e onsistent with that of the #-< with the
s/aller syste/ 4-C address!
2ecommedatios=
The s/aller the 0alue" the higher the syste/ priority!
This para/eter an .e set only after !A9 T/-e is set to
%tatic!
Ports that are preferred to arry ser0ies are deter/ined .y
!A9 )riorit/ and )ort )riorit/! !A9 )riorit/ preedes
)ort )riorit/!
CT2 Ti/e
(/in)
0to 30
,efault7 10
This para/eter speifies the ti/e for ser0ies to wait .efore
.eing swithed fro/ the stand.y lin9 to the /aster lin9 that
has reo0ered fro/ faults! -n appropriate CT2 ti/e
pre0ents possi.le lin9 status hanges fro/ resulting in
fre6uent #-< switho0ers!
2ecommedatios=
It is reo//ended that you set this para/eter to 16!
"T2 Time 3mi4 needs to .e set at .oth ends of a #-<!
The atual CT2 ti/e of an 'D is the s/aller one of the
0alues for .oth ends!
In a #-<" if the "T2 Time 3mi4 is set to 6 or disa.led at
one end" the "T2 Time 3mi4 is disa.led for the #-<!
This para/eter an .e set only after 2e&erti&e Mode is set
to 2e&erti&e!
Pa9et
2eei0e
Ti/eout
Period
&hort period"
#ong period
,efault7 #ong
period
This para/eter speifies the ti/eout duration for a port to
reei0e #-CP Pa9ets If the port fails to reei0e any #-CP
pa9ets for o0er three onseuti0e inter0als at whih
protool pa9ets are sent" the $pti% $&' **00 will dee/
that the lin9 is una0aila.le and therefore trigger protetion
swithing!
&hort period7 The inter0al at whih #-CP pa9ets are

sent is 1s! The ti/eout duration of reei0ing #-CP
pa9ets is 3s!
#ong period7 The inter0al at whih #-CP pa9ets are

sent is 30s! The ti/eout duration of reei0ing #-CP
pa9ets is A0s!
2ecommedatios=
Chen #-< e6uip/ent at two ends trans/its #-CP pa9ets
through an inter/ediate networ9" )ac*et 2ecei&e Timeout
)eriod is reo//ended to .e set to %$ort -eriod! +or
other iru/stanes" %$ort -eriod is reo//ended to
a0oid unneessary swithing!
Copyright Huawei
(A1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
er
Value
Rane Description
)ac*et 2ecei&e Timeout )eriod an .e set only when
!A9 T/-e is set to %tatic!
#-< 4in
-ti0e #in9
Threshold
1 to total
nu/.er of
/e/.ers in a
#-<
,efault7 1
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent will dee/ that the #-< fails if
!A9 Mi Acti&e !i* T$res$old has .een set and the
nu/.er of #-< ports in wor9ing /ode is less than the
threshold!
2ecommedatios=
Chen there are .oth #-< and other protetion (suh as

#PT)" set !A9 Mi Acti&e !i* T$res$old to the total
nu/.er of #-< /e/.ers if the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
deter/ines an #-< failure when so/e #-< /e/.er
lin9s fail and triggers protetion swithing!
If the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent deter/ines an #-< failure

when all #-< /e/.er lin9s fail" set !A9 Mi Acti&e
!i* T$res$old to 1!
Table 1.2 Port para/eters
Paramet
er
Value
Rane Description
4aster
=oard
&lot I,-.oard
na/e
+or e;a/ple"
3-D4B+
This para/eter speifies the /aster .oard in a #-<!
2ecommedatios=
&et this para/eter aording to the plan!
4aster Port Port nu/.er
(P$2T-
nu/.er)
+or e;a/ple"
1 (P$2T-1)
This para/eter speifies the /aster port in a #-<! The
/aster port represents the #-<! - #-< ontains only one
/aster port! -ll #-< attri.utes" suh as 4-C addresses
and IP addresses" are atual the attri.utes of the /aster
port! In addition" all ser0ies arried .y the #-< are
onfigured on the /aster port!
2ecommedatios=
-/ong all the ports to .e added to a #-<" only one port is
allowed to ha0e .een onfigured with ser0ies and this port
/ust .e onfigured as the /aster portI if none of these
ports is onfigured with ser0ies" eah port an .e
onfigured as the /aster port!
=oard &lot I,-.oard
na/e
+or e;a/ple"
3-D4B+
This para/eter speifies the stand.y .oard in a #-<!
2ecommedatios=
Port &lot I,-.oard This para/eter speifies the stand.y port in a #-<! -ll
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Paramet
er
Value
Rane Description
na/e-port
nu/.er
(P$2T-
nu/.er)
+or e;a/ple"
3-D4B+-2
(P$2T-2)
ports other than the /aster port in a #-< are stand.y ports!
&tand.y ports /ay also .e used to arry traffi!
2ecommedatios=
&eleted
&tand.y
Ports
&lot I,-.oard
na/e-port
nu/.er
(P$2T-
nu/.er)
+or e;a/ple"
3-D4B+-2
(P$2T-2)
This para/eter displays the seleted stand.y ports!
#+#/+#&+% 5AG .anaementH5in, Areation Parameters
This setion desri.es para/eters assoiated with port priorities!
Paramet
er
Value
Rane Description
Port &lot I,-.oard
na/e-port
nu/.er
(P$2T-
nu/.er)
+or e;a/ple"
3-D4B+-2
(P$2T-2)
This para/eter displays the port whose priority an .e set!
Port Priority 0 to B((3(
,efault7
323B*
This para/eter speifies priorities of ports in a #-<! Chen
/e/.er ports of a stati #-< ha0e the sa/e port rate and
wor9ing /ode" ports with higher priorities trans/it traffi
with preferene! This para/eter does not ta9e effet on a
/anual #-<!
2ecommedatios=
The s/aller the 0alue" the higher the port priority!
&et a higher priority for a port that is preferred to trans/it

traffi!
If the /aster port trans/it traffi with preferene" you

need to set the priority of the /aster port higher than
priorities of all stand.y ports!
If the /anually speified /aster port does not ha0e the

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Paramet
er
Value
Rane Description
highest port priority" the stand.y port with the highest
priority auto/atially trans/its traffi!
#oad
&haring
Hash
-lgorith/
&oure
4-C
,estination
4-C
&oure and
,estinatio
n 4-C
&oure IP
,estination
IP
&oure and
,estinatio
n IP
4P#&
#a.el
,efault7
&oure and
,estination IP
!oad %$arig >as$ Algorit$m is 0alid only when #oad

&haring of a #-< is set to %$arig!
-fter the onfiguration data is deployed" !oad %$arig

>as$ Algorit$m ta9es effet for the entire 'D!
#+%" .C'5AG
#+%"+# Introduction
4ulti-hassis lin9 aggregation group (4C-#-<) allows lin9s of /ultiple 'Ds to .e
aggregated to for/ a lin9 aggregation group (#-<)! Chen a lin9 or an 'D fails" 4C-#-<
auto/atially swithes ser0ies to another a0aila.le lin9 in the sa/e #-<!
De6nition
4C-#-< uses the 4C-#-< ontrol protool to aggregate /ultiple inter-hassis data lin9s
that onnet to the sa/e de0ie to pro0ide a /ore relia.le onnetion!
Application
-s shown in +igure 1-1*(" ser0ies fro/ the ,&#-4 are trans/itted to the 2outer o0er the
P&'I 'D1 and 'D2 wor9 with the 2outer to pro0ide 4C-#-< protetion for ser0ies!
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Figure 1.1 4C-#-< appliation in dual-ho/ing protetion
DS,.>
A
N53
N52
N51
>C-,.G
,.G1
,.G2
,.G3
Router
S
:SN
:< .:S
.C si!e NN2 si!e

co""unication
A
S
-n 4C-#-< protetion she/e onsists of three parts7
&ingle-hassis (&C) #-<s on 'D1 and 'D2" that is" #-<1 and #-<2
-n 4C-#-< .etween 'D1 and 'D2
- #-< on the 2outer" that is" #-<3
'D1 and 'D2 o//uniate with eah other .y /eans of the inter-hassis synhronous
o//uniation tunnel! &peifially" the two dual-ho/ed 'Ds periodially e;hange
infor/ation a.out the status of #-<1 and #-<2 and negotiate the ati0e)stand.y status of
#-<1 and #-<2 .ased on fault onditions!
#+%"+% )asic Concepts
#earning a.out the .asi onepts helps to further understand the 4C-#-< feature!
5in, Areation Control Protocol $5ACP(
The #-CP protool is defined within IDDD *02!3ad and perfor/s the following funtions7
Pro0ides data swithing e6uip/ent with a standard negotiation /ode! &peifially" an
#-CP-ena.led syste/ auto/atially aggregates /ultiple lin9s aording to its
onfiguration and ena.les the aggregation lin9 to trans/it and reei0e data!
4aintains the aggregation lin9 status after an aggregation lin9 is for/ed! &peifially"
the #-CP protool auto/atially ad:usts or releases the aggregation lin9 when
aggregation onditions hange!
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5AG
- lin9 aggregation group (#-<) allows /ultiple lin9s that are onneted to the sa/e
e6uip/ent to .e aggregated to inrease .andwidth and lin9 relia.ility! The aggregated lin9s
an .e onsidered a single logial lin9!
- #-< aggregates /ultiple physial lin9s to for/ a logial lin9 at a higher rate! #in9
aggregation funtions .etween ad:aent e6uip/ent and is independent of the networ9
topology! #in9 aggregation is also alled port aggregation .eause eah lin9 orresponds to
two speifi ports at two ends in Dthernet trans/ission!
5oad Sharin .odes
4C-#-< does not support load sharing .etween two 'Ds!
-ny load sharing /ode /entioned in the 4C-#-< feature applies to the &C-#-< only!
- #-< supports the following load sharing /odes7
#oad sharing
Dah /e/.er lin9 in a #-< arries traffi! That is" the /e/.er lin9s in the #-< share
the load! In the load sharing /ode" the lin9 .andwidth is inreased! Chen a /e/.er in a
#-< hanges or a lin9 fails" the traffi is re-alloated auto/atially!
'on-load sharing
$nly one /e/.er lin9 in a #-< arries traffi" and the another lin9 in the #-< is in the
stand.y state! This is e6ui0alent to a hot stand.y /ehanis/! That is" when the ati0e
lin9 in a #-< fails" the syste/ hooses the stand.y lin9 in the #-<" and the hosen lin9
replaes the failed lin9! In this /anner" the lin9 failure does not affet ser0ies!
.CSP
The /ulti-lassis synhroni8ation protool (4C&P) is reated and /aintained using the
Huawei-proprietary 4C&P protool! It arries ser0ie pa9ets suh as 4C-#-< pa9ets
.etween de0ies to ahie0e synhronous o//uniation .etween the de0ies! In an 4C-
#-<" two de0ies e;hange 4C-#-< pa9ets o0er the 4C&P! The 4C-#-< pa9ets inlude
the following infor/ation7 #-< I," #-< type" load sharing /ode" syste/ priority" re0erti0e
/ode" and the nu/.er of a0aila.le ports!
#+%"+& Speci6cations
This topi desri.es the 4C-#-< protetion apa.ility of the e6uip/ent!
Item Speci6cations
4C-#-< protetion apa.ility
supported .y e6uip/ent
B@
#oad sharing /ode 'on-load sharing
-ggregation type

&tati
4anual
Hello inter0al (s) 1-10
,efault 0alue7 1
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Item Speci6cations
Ti/eout ti/e (s) 30-3B00
,efault 0alue7 @66
2e0erti0e /ode

2e0erti0e (default 0alue)
'on-re0erti0e
CT2 (/in) 0-30
,efault 0alue7 16
#+%"+0 Trier Conditions
The protetion swithing is triggered only when trigger onditions our!
The 4C-#-< switho0er is triggered if a de0ie at one end detets one of the following
e0ents7
If single-hassis (&C) #-<s wor9 in non-load sharing /ode" ser0ies are swithed to the
protetion #-< only when all lin9s in the wor9ing #-< are faulty!
If &C-#-<s wor9 in load sharing /ode" when one lin9 is faulty in the wor9ing #-<"
ser0ies are swithed to the protetion #-< if the protetion #-< has /ore a0aila.le
ports than the wor9ing #-<!
+or H5',2 .oard" any of the following $T' faults an trigger #-< protetion swithing7
The .oard is offline" for e;a/ple" when the .oard is re/o0ed or reset (old)!
-ny of the following alar/s (&+ onditions) is generated7 2H#$&" $T59H-I&"
$T59H#$+" $,59HP4H-I&" $,59HP4H#CG" $,59HP4H$CI" $T59H#$4"
$,59H#$+#$4" and $,59H4&I4!
The $,59HP#4" $,59H&4HTI4" $,59HP4HTI4" or $,59HTC4HTI4 alar/ is
generated after the TI4 follow-up response is ena.led!
The $T' port is in the lin9-down state!
#+%"+2 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that 4C-#-< o/plies with!
IDDD *02!3ad7 Port Trun9" #-CP
#+%"+4 Availability
The 4C-#-< feature re6uires the support of the applia.le produts and .oards!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
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!ard7are Support
Applicable
)oard
Applicable Product
Version
Applicable Product
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+%"+* Dependency and 5imitation
This topi desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for /ulti-hassis lin9 aggregation
group (4C-#-<) in the networ9 design phase!
Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation
Remar,s
4C-#-< 4C-#-<s /ust .e onfigured on
two 'Ds! 4a9e sure that #-<s on
the two 'Ds wor9 in the sa/e
/ode7 /anual /ode or stati
/ode!
-
#oad sharing
/ode
4C-#-<s support non-load
sharing /ode!
-
4ulti-hassis
&ynhroni8ati
on Protool
(4C&P)
hannel
4C&P hannels /ust .e
onfigured for 4C-#-<s! The
4C&P hannels /ust .e arried .y
.idiretional tunnels! The hello
ti/e of 4C&P tunnels is 1s .y
default! The 4C&P ti/eout ti/e is
10 /inutes .y default! It is
reo//ended that the hello ti/e
and 4C&P ti/eout ti/e ta9e their
default 0alues! $therwise" ser0ies
/ay .e interrupted for do8ens of
seonds in the ase of
ati0e)stand.y swithing of &CC
.oards!
-
- diretly onneted physial lin9
is re6uired .etween two 'Ds to
arry the 4C&P hannels!
-
The port where 4C&P hannels
reside /ust .e a #ayer 3 port!
-
If protetion for an 4C&P hannel -
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Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation
Remar,s
is re6uired" tunnel -P& is
reo//ended for the tunnel that
arries the 4C&P hannel!
4ultiple 4C-#-<s an share one
4C&P hannel!
-
#+%"+1 Principles
This setion desri.es the priniples for reating 4C-#-<s and for perfor/ing the 4C-#-<
protetion swithing using the 4C-#-< i/ple/entation /odel!
Implementation .odel
The 4C-#-< supports only the non-load sharing /ode and ena.les ati0e)stand.y protetion
for Dthernet lin9s! +igure 1-1*B shows the 4C-#-< i/ple/entation /odel!
Figure 1.1 4C-#-< i/ple/entation /odel
.cti/e
N52
N51
,.G1
,.G2
,.G3
Router
Stan!$#
>CS:

#-<s on de0ies /ust7
N &upport .oth load sharing and non-load sharing /odes! #-<1 and #-<2 /ust wor9
in the sa/e /ode!
N &upport .oth /anual and stati aggregation /odes! #-<1" #-<2" and #-<3 /ust
use the sa/e aggregation /ode!
The 4ulti-hassis &ynhroni8ation Protool (4C&P) /ust7
N =e onfigured at 'D1 and 'D2 to reate a hannel for e;hanging 4C-#-< pa9ets
and #-< infor/ation" ensuring fast 4C-#-< swithing!
N =e onfigured with lin9 protetion suh as #-< or D2P& protetion to i/pro0e 4C-
#-< relia.ility! If no lin9 protetion is onfigured for the 4C&P" the 4C-#-< will
fail and the 4C-#-< ati0e)stand.y protetion will .e in0alid when the 4C&P is
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interrupted! Chen this ours" 'D1 and 'D2 separately negotiate their wor9ing
/odes with the router and wor9 independently .ased on the negotiation results! In
other words" 'D1 and 'D2 will wor9 in o//on #-< /ode! To i/pro0e 4C-#-<
relia.ility" you are ad0ised to pro0ide lin9 protetion suh as #-< protetion for the
4C&P!
The 4C-#-< /ust7
&upport .oth re0erti0e and non-re0erti0e restoration /odes after a fault on the ati0e
onnetion is retified! In addition" the 4C-#-< and #-<3 /ust ha0e the sa/e
restoration /ode!
Creatin .C'5AGs
Creating 4C-#-<s in stati aggregation /ode
The loal 4C-#-< o/pares the loal #-< infor/ation with the peer #-< infor/ation
.y e;hanging 4C-#-< pa9ets with the peer 4C-#-< to selet the lin9 for arrying
ser0ies! The seletion proess is as follows7
N If the syste/ I,s (syste/ priority L de0ie 4-C address) of .oth #-<1 and #-<2
are larger than that of #-<3" #-<3 onduts o//on #-< negotiation and the 4C-
#-< funtion does not ta9e effet!
N If the syste/ I, of either #-<1 or #-<2 is s/aller than that of #-<3" 4C-#-<
perfor/s the following proessing7
1! Co/pares the total .andwidth of #-<1 and that of #-<2 and alloates the s/aller
syste/ I, .etween the syste/ I,s of #-<1 and #-<2 to the #-< with a larger
.andwidth! =y doing so" the #-< with a larger .andwidth funtions as ati0e and the
#-< with a s/aller .andwidth funtions as stand.y!
2! Co/pares the syste/ I,s of #-<1 and #-<2 if #-<1 and #-<2 ha0e the sa/e total
.andwidth! The #-< with a s/aller syste/ I, funtions as ati0e and the #-< with a
larger syste/ I, funtions as stand.y!
3! The seleted #-< deter/ines the speifi /e/.er lin9s for arrying ser0ies .ased on
the priorities of its /e/.er ports and port status" and the negotiation results with #-<3!
Creating 4C-#-<s in /anual aggregation /ode
In /anual aggregation /ode" only one /e/.er lin9 an .e onfigured for eah #-< on the de0ies!
In /anual aggregation /ode" #-<3 annot o//uniate with #-<1 or #-<2! The 4C-#-< selets
the wor9ing lin9 .ased on the #-< onfigurations on eah de0ie! Therefore" when onfiguring #-<1"
#-<2" and #-<3 that is separately interonneted with #-<1 and #-<2" ensure that two
interonneted #-<s selet the sa/e lin9 to arry ser0ies!
The loal 4C-#-< o/pares the loal #-< infor/ation with the peer #-< infor/ation
.y e;hanging 4C-#-< pa9ets with the peer 4C-#-< as follows7
N Co/pares the total .andwidth of #-<1 and that of #-<2! Ports in the #-< with a
larger .andwidth funtion as wor9ing and ports in the #-< with a s/aller .andwidth
funtion as stand.y!
N Co/pares the de0ie 4-C addresses if #-<1 and #-<2 ha0e the sa/e total
.andwidth! Ports in the #-< with a s/aller 4-C address funtion as wor9ing and
ports in the #-< with a larger 4-C address funtion as stand.y!
Per8ormin .C'5AG S7itchin
-fter 4C-#-<s are reated" the ati0e onnetion (#-<1 for e;a/ple) arries Dthernet
ser0ies and the stand.y onnetion (#-<2) does not! The loal 4C-#-< e;hanges the
status of #-<1 and #-<2 with the peer 4C-#-< using 4C&P pa9ets! Chen #-<1 is
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faulty" the 4--#-< as9s 'D1 and 'D2 to swith ser0ies to #-<2 using 4C-#-< pa9ets!
The speifi proess is as follows7
Chen the #-<s on the de0ies wor9 in load sharing /ode7
In ase of a lin9 fault in #-<1" the 4C-#-< deter/ines whether to perfor/ swithing
.y o/paring the urrent wor9ing .andwidths of #-<1 and #-<2!
N If the urrent wor9ing .andwidth of #-<1 is larger than that of #-<2" the 4C-#-<
does not perfor/ swithing and 9eeps using #-<1 to forward Dthernet ser0ies!
N If the urrent wor9ing .andwidth of #-<1 is s/aller than that of #-<2" the 4C-
#-< e;hanges the s/aller syste/ I, .etween the syste/ I,s of #-<1 and #-<2
to #-<2 to trigger 4C-#-< swithing and swithes Dthernet ser0ies to #-<2 for
forwarding!
N -fter the lin9 fault in #-<1 is re/o0ed" the 4C-#-< deter/ines whether to restore
#-<1 as the ati0e onnetion .ased on the following onditions7
N If the wor9ing .andwidth of #-<1 is larger than that of #-<2" the 4C-#-< triggers
4C-#-< swithing and restores #-<1 as the ati0e onnetion!
N If #-<1 has the sa/e wor9ing .andwidth as #-<2" the 4C-#-< deter/ines
whether to restore #-<1 as the ati0e onnetion .ased on the re0ersion /ode
onfigured for #-<1!
Chen the #-<s on the de0ies wor9 in non-load sharing /ode7
=eause only one lin9 is onfigured for eah #-<" the 4C-#-< perfor/s swithing
when #-<1 is faulty!
-fter the lin9 fault in #-<1 is re/o0ed" the 4C-#-< deter/ines whether to restore
#-<1 as the ati0e onnetion .ased on the following onditions7
N If the wor9ing .andwidth of #-<1 is larger than that of #-<2" the 4C-#-< triggers
4C-#-< swithing and restores #-<1 as the ati0e onnetion!
N If #-<1 has the sa/e wor9ing .andwidth as #-<2" the 4C-#-< deter/ines
whether to restore #-<1 as the ati0e onnetion .ased on the re0ersion /ode
onfigured for #-<1!
,uring 4C-#-< swithing" Dthernet ser0ies are swithed to the stand.y onnetion for
forwarding!
#+%"+/ Con6uration Procedure
Chen applying the 4C-#-< feature" you need to reate #-<s on the dual-ho/ed nodes first"
and then reate 4C-#-<s on the dual-ho/ed nodes!
+igure 1-1*3 shows the flowhart for onfiguring an 4C-#-<!
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Figure 1.1 +lowhart for onfiguring an 4C-#-<
Start
5n!
Confi)urin)
>C-,.Gs
Confi)urin)
,.Gs
Creatin) Cross-5?uip"ent
S#ncroni8ation :rotoco(
Re?uire!
Optiona(
Ta.le 1-20( desri.es the proedures in the onfiguration flowhart!
Table 1.1 Configuration proedures
S
t
e
p
1 1!20!10!1 Creating 4C&P 2e6uired!
Tunnel for the 4C synhroni8ation protool (I,

of the tunnel for 4C synhroni8ation
o//uniation) /ust refer to the sa/e
.idiretional tunnel for 4C synhroni8ation
o//uniation!
Timeout Time 3s4 on one dual-ho/ing node

/ust .e longer than >ello )ac*et %edig
1ter&al 3s4 of the other! <enerally" /a9e sure
that the settings of Timeout Time 3s4 and
>ello )ac*et %edig 1ter&al 3s4 are the
sa/e for the two dual-ho/ing nodes!
2 1!1A!*!1 Creating a #-< 2e6uired!
The !oad Balacig of the #-<s on the two

dual-ho/ing nodes /ust .e the sa/e!
The !A9 T/-e of the #-<s on the two dual-

ho/ing nodes /ust .e the sa/e!
It is reo//ended that you set !A9 T/-e to

%tatic .eause a stati #-< pro0ides higher
lin9 relia.ility than a /anual #-<!
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t
e
p
3 1!20!10!2 Configuring 4C-#-<s 2e6uired!
It is reo//ended that you set 2estoratio Mode
of the 4C-#-< protetion groups on the two
dual-ho/ing nodes should .e the sa/e!
#+%"+#" Con6urin .C'5AG
Configure 4C-#-< on the dual-ho/ed nodes that are onneted to the 2outer to i/ple/ent
dual-ho/ing of D-#ine ser0ies!
#+%"+#"+# Creatin .CSP
The dual-ho/ed nodes learn the wor9ing status of the peer lin9s on the -C side and negotiate
the trou.leshooting ations .y /eans of /ulti-hassis synhronous o//uniation! =efore
onfiguring an 4C-#-<" you /ust onfigure the opposite infor/ation for /ulti-hassis
synhronous o//uniation on the dual-ho/ed nodes!
PrereBuisites
- .idiretional tunnel /ust .e onfigured .etween the dual-ho/ed nodes for /ulti-
hassis synhronous o//uniation!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired 'D and then hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
Cofiguratio > %/c$roiAatio )rotocol Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New! In the Create Cross.E?ui-met %/c$roiAatio )rotocol dialog .o; that is
displayed" set the para/eters of /ulti-hassis synhronous o//uniation!
&elet Automaticall/ Assig to auto/atially assign )rotocol C$ael 1,!
Step & Cli9 OK! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is
suessful!
Step 0 In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 Close!
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Step 2 Perfor/ &tep 1 to &tep @ to set /ulti-hassis synhronous o//uniation para/eters on the
other dual-ho/ed node!
....Ed
#+%"+#"+% Con6urin .C'5AGs
Configure an 4C-#-< on the dual-ho/ed nodes that are onneted to the 2outer to
i/ple/ent dual-ho/ing of D-#ine ser0ies! This topi desri.es how to onfigure an 4C-
#-<!
PrereBuisites
The /ulti-hassis synhronous o//uniation /ust .e onfigured!
The #-<s /ust .e onfigured on the dual-ho/ed nodes that are onneted to the 2outer!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired 'D" and hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
Cofiguratio > 1terface Maagemet > !i* Aggregatio 9rou- Maagemet fro/
the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the Cross.E?ui-met !i* Aggregatio 9rou-s ta.!
Step & Cli9 New! In the Create Cross.E?ui-met !i* Aggregatio 9rou- dialog .o; that is
displayed" set the para/eters of the 4C-#-<!
Step 0 Cli9 OK! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is
suessful!
Step 2 In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o;" li9 Close!
Step 4 Perfor/ &tep 1 to &tep ( to set the 4C-#-< para/eters on the other dual-ho/ed node!
....Ed
#+%"+## .aintainin an .C'5AG
This setion desri.es how to /odify and delete 4C-#-< onfigurations!
#+%"+##+# .odi8yin and Deletin .CSP
This setion desri.es how to /odify and delete the onfigurations of an 4C&P hannel! Oou
an /odify the para/eters for an 4C&P hannel or delete the hannel as re6uired!
Copyright Huawei
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PrereBuisites
The 4ulti-Chassis &ynhroni8ation Protool (4C&P) hannel has .een reated!
Procedure
4odify the para/eters for an 4C&P hannel!
1! In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired 'D and then hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
2! Choose the desired 4C&P hannel" dou.le-li9 the field for a para/eter that you want
to /odify" and set it to a new 0alue! The para/eter of >ello )ac*et %edig 1ter&al3s4
an .e /odified!
3! Cli9 A--l/!
,elete the 4C&P!
1! In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired 'D and then hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
2! &elet the desired 4C&P hannel and li9 ,elete!
3! In the dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 OK!
....Ed
#+%"+##+% .odi8yin and Deletin .C'5AG
This setion desri.es how to /odify and delete 4C-#-<! Oou an /odify the para/eters
for 4C-#-< or delete 4C-#-< as re6uired!
PrereBuisites
The 4ulti-Chassis &ynhroni8ation Protool (4C&P) hannel has .een reated!
The 4C-#-< has .een reated!
Procedure
4odify the para/eters for 4C-#-<!
Cofiguratio > 1terface Maagemet > !i* Aggregatio 9rou- Maagemet
2! Cli9 the Cross.E?ui-met !i* Aggregatio 9rou-s ta." and selet the desired 4C-
#-<! Then dou.le-li9 the field for a para/eter that you want to /odify and set it to a
new 0alue! The para/eter of 2e&erti&e Mode an .e /odified!
3! Cli9 A--l/!
,elete the 4C-#-<!
Cofiguratio > 1terface Maagemet > !i* Aggregatio 9rou- Maagemet
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2! Cli9 the Cross.E?ui-met !i* Aggregatio 9rou-s ta.!
3! &elet the desired 4C-#-< and li9 ,elete!
@! In the dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 OK!
....Ed
#+%"+#% Con6uration :9ample
-n 4C-#-< an wor9 with PC -P& on the ''I side to i/ple/ent dual-ho/ing of D-#ine
ser0ies! This topi desri.es how to onfigure an 4C-#-< in a dual-ho/ing senario
wherein -C-side lin9s trans/it data!
#+%"+#%+# Description o8 the :9ample
This topi desri.es the funtion re6uire/ents" networ9ing diagra/" and ser0ie planning!
-n D-#ine ser0ie fro/ the ,&#-4 needs to .e trans/itted to the 2outer o0er a P&'! The
ser0ie re6uires dual-ho/ing to the 2outer!
-s shown in +igure 1-1**" 'D3 reei0es the D-#ine ser0ie fro/ the ,&#-4!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of 4C-#-< in the dual-ho/ing senario
DS,.>
A
N53
N52
N51
>C-,.G
,.G1
,.G2
,.G3
Router
S
:SN
:< .:S
.C si!e NN2 si!e

co""unication
A
S
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Solution
'D1 and 'D2 are onneted to the for dual-ho/ing of the ser0ie to the 2outer" and 4C-
#-< is onfigured on the -C side for inter-hassis protetion!
Service Plannin
Ta.le 1-20B lists the #-< para/eters of 'D1 and 'D2 on the -C side (2outer side)!
Table 1.1 #-< para/eter planning for 'D1 and 'D2
Parameter N:# N:%
#-< 'o! 1 2
#-< 'a/e #-<1 #-<2
#oad &haring 'on-&haring 'on-&haring
&yste/ Priority 0 1
4ain =oard 11-D420 11-D420
4ain Port 1(P$2T-1) 1(P$2T-1)
&eleted &la0e Ports 11-D420-2(P$2T-2) 11-D420-2(P$2T-2)
Port Priority 11-D420-1(P$2T-1)7 1
11-D420-2(P$2T-2)7 2
11-D420-1(P$2T-1)7 1
11-D420-2(P$2T-2)7 2
This setion pro0ides the ser0ie planning infor/ation a.out $pti% $&' e6uip/ent only! The ser0ie
planning infor/ation a.out the 2outer should .e onsistent with that a.out $pti% $&' e6uip/ent!
Ta.le 1-203 lists the inter-e6uip/ent synhronous o//uniation protool para/eters of
4C-#-< on the -C side (2outer side)!
- .idiretional tunnel (@10) has .e onfigured .etween the 'D1 and 'D2 for /ulti-hassis synhronous
o//uniation!
Table 1.2 Planning of inter-hassis synhronous o//uniation protool para/eter
Parameter N:#C N:%
Ti/eout Ti/e(s) 100
Tunnel @10
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Ta.le 1-20* lists the 4C-#-< para/eters of 'D1 and 'D2 on the -C side (2outer side)!
Table 1.( 4C-#-< para/eter planning for 'D1 and 'D2
Parameter N:# N:%
#oal #in9 -ggregation
<roup I,
1 2
Peer #in9 -ggregation
<roup I,
2 1
Cooperati0e Channel I, 10 10
#oad &haring Type 'on-load-sharing 'on-load-sharing
2estoration 4ode 2e0erti0e 2e0erti0e
CT2 Ti/e (/in) 10 10
#+%"+#%+% Con6uration Process
=ased on the preeding e;a/ple" onfigure the 4C-#-< funtion as follows!
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e fa/iliar with the networ9ing" re6uire/ents" and ser0ie planning of the
e;a/ple!
- .idiretional tunnel is onfigured .etween the dual-ho/ed nodes for /ulti-hassis
synhronous o//uniation!
Procedure
Step # 1!20!10!1 Creating 4C&P!
Parameter N:#C N:%
Ti/eout Ti/e(s) 100
Tunnel @10
Step % 1!1A!*!1 Creating a #-<!
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Parameter N:# N:%
#-< 'o! 1 2
#-< 'a/e #-<1 #-<2
#oad &haring 'on-&haring 'on-&haring
&yste/ Priority 0 1
4ain =oard 11-D420 11-D420
4ain Port 1(P$2T-1) 1(P$2T-1)
&eleted &la0e Ports 11-D420-2(P$2T-2) 11-D420-2(P$2T-2)
Port Priority 11-D420-1(P$2T-1)7 1
11-D420-2(P$2T-2)7 2
11-D420-1(P$2T-1)7 1
11-D420-2(P$2T-2)7 2
Step & 1!20!10!2 Configuring 4C-#-<s!
Parameter N:# N:%
<roup I,
1 2
<roup I,
2 1
Cooperati0e Channel I, 10 10
#oad &haring Type 'on-load-sharing 'on-load-sharing
2estoration 4ode 2e0erti0e 2e0erti0e
CT2 Ti/e (/in) 10 10
....Ed
#+%"+#& Alarms
This setion desri.es the alar/s that are assoiated with the 4C-#-< feature!
Alarm Description Reported ;hen+++
4C#-
<HC+<
H4I&4
-TCH
Indiates inonsistent 4C-#-<
onfigurations!
The 4C-#-< onfigurations at the
two ends are inonsistent!
4C&PH
P-THH#
Indiating the loss of onneti0ity on
the protool hannel on whih
The e;peted Hello pa9et is not
reei0ed on the protool hannel in
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Alarm Description Reported ;hen+++
$C1 synhronous ross-e6uip/ent
o//uniation is ahie0ed!
three onseuti0e periods!
#+%"+#0 Parameter DescriptionD .C'5AG
This setion desri.es para/eters assoiated with 4C-#-<!
#+%"+#0+# .C'5AGHCreate Cross':Buipment 5in, Areation
Group
This setion desri.es para/eters assoiated with 4C-#-< reation!
<roup I,
1 to B@ &ets and displays the I, of
the loal ross-e6uip/ent
#-<!
<roup I,
1 to B@ &ets and displays the I, of
the peer ross-e6uip/ent
#-<!
Protool Channel I, 1" 2
,efault 0alue7 1
&ets and displays the I, of
the hannel that e;hanges
protool pa9ets with the
peer ross-e6uip/ent #-<!
#oad &haring Type 'on-&haring This para/eter speifies
whether /ore than one port
is used to arry traffi when
a #-< has se0eral /e/.er
ports!
'alue descri-tio=
'on-&haring7 $nly one
/e/.er lin9 of a #-<
arries traffi and the other
/e/.er lin9 is in stand.y
state! In this ase" a lin9 hot
.a9up /ehanis/ is
pro0ided! Chen the ati0e
lin9 of a #-< is faulty" the
syste/ ati0ates the stand.y
lin9 to trans/it ser0ie
traffi!
2e0erti0e 4ode 2e0erti0e" 'on-re0erti0e
,efault 0alue7 2e0erti0e
This para/eter speifies
whether ser0ies are
swithed .a9 to /e/.er
lin9s with higher priorities
after these lin9s reo0er
fro/ faults!
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CT2 Ti/e (/in) 0 to 30
,efault 0alue7 10
This para/eter speifies the
ti/e for ser0ies to wait
.efore .eing swithed fro/
the stand.y lin9 to the
/aster lin9 that has
reo0ered fro/ faults! -n
appropriate CT2 ti/e
pre0ents possi.le lin9 status
hanges fro/ resulting in
fre6uent #-< switho0ers!
#+%"+#0+% .C'5AGHCreate Cross':Buipment SynchroniEation
Protocol
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for synhroni8ation protool /anage/ent!
Protool Channel I, 1-2
,efault7 1
&ets and displays the I, of
the protool hannel when
the 4C&P hannel is
reated! This para/eter an
.e alloated auto/atially!
Peer ,e0ie IP -ddress - ,isplays the IP address of
the e6uip/ent at the
opposite end!
Hello Pa9et &ending
Inter0al (s)
1-10
,efault7 1
&ets and displays the
inter0al at whih the Hello
pa9ets are trans/itted to
the opposite end to he9
whether the lin9 is nor/al!
This para/eter /ust .e set
aording to the networ9
planning and re6uire/ents!
<enerally" the s/aller the
0alue of this para/eter" the
shorter the inter0al (s) for
trans/itting Hello pa9ets to
the opposite end" and the
faster the speed of deteting
Ti/eout Ti/e (s) 30-3B00
,efault7 B00
The Timeout Time 3s4
para/eter is used for
he9ing whether the
onfiguration /essages ti/e
out!
Oou need to set this
para/eter aording to the
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networ9 planning and
re6uire/ent! This para/eter
is related to the Hello
Inter0al para/eter set on the
opposite end! The s/aller
the 0alue of this para/eter"
the faster the speed of
deteting a fault on the lin9!
Protool Tunnel Type 4P#& Tunnel ,isplays the type of the
tunnel that trans/its the
protool-o/pliant pa9ets!
Tunnel Tunnel I, (Tunnel 'a/e)
+or e;a/ple" @10(tunnel1)
&ets and displays the tunnel
that .idiretionally trans/its
the protool-o/pliant
pa9ets!
#+%# 5PT
Cith #PT ena.led" ser0ie protetion an .e pro0ided regardless of whether faults our on a
ser0ie aess node" a ser0ie networ9" or .oth on a ser0ie aess node and on a ser0ie
networ9!
#+%#+# Introduction
Cith #PT ena.led" trans/ission 'Ds detet faults on a ser0ie aess node or on a ser0ie
networ9 and instrut the de0ies at .oth ends of the ser0ie networ9 to i//ediately ati0ate a
.a9up networ9 for o//uniation!
D;isting and on0entional networ9 protetion she/es funtion when faults are found on a
ser0ie aess node or on a ser0ie networ9!
Cith #PT ena.led" it will instrut the de0ies at two ends of the ser0ie networ9 to
i//ediately ati0ate the .a9up networ9 for ser0ie trans/ission one deteting faults on a
ser0ie aess point or on a ser0ie networ9!
-s shown in +igure 1-1*A" #PT-ena.led 'D1 and 'D2 disonnet their aess lin9s fro/ the
'ode= and the 2'C if the lin9 .etween 'D1 and the 'ode=" the lin9 .etween 'D2 and the
2'C" or the ser0ie networ9 .eo/es faulty! The 'ode= and the 2'C i//ediately detet the
lin9 failure .etween the/" and swith to a .a9up networ9 for o//uniation!
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Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of #PT
Ser(ie
!etwor*
N51 N52
3a*up
!etwor*
No!e7
RNC
#+%#+% )asic Concepts
#PT feature!
-ault Detection .echanism
-fter #PT is ena.led" a fault is deteted in either of the following ways7
#PT $-4
The #PT protool o/ponents e;hange #PT protool pa9ets .etween #PT 'Ds on a
ser0ie networ9 and deter/ine the status of the #PT lin9s .etween the 'Ds .ased on the
negotiation result!
PC $-4
The #PT protool o/ponents e;hange #PT protool pa9ets .etween #PT 'Ds on a
ser0ie networ9 and deter/ine the status of the #PT lin9s .etween the 'Ds .ased on the
negotiation result and the statuses of PCs arried on the #PT lin9s! The #PT protool
o/ponents onsider that #PT lin9s are wor9ing properly only when negotiation using
#PT pa9ets is suessful and PCs are funtional! If negotiation using #PT pa9ets fails
or PCs are faulty" the #PT protool o/ponents onsider that the #PT lin9s are faulty!
5PT Point Types
Chen #PT is ena.led" #PT points detet syste/ running infor/ation! There are two types of
#PT points7
Pri/ary point
The pri/ary point is the entity running the #PT protool! The #PT protool o/ponents
deter/ine the #PT status .ased on the running status of the pri/ary point!
&eondary point
- seondary point detets and transfers hanges in the #PT port status" suh as hanges
in the loal port status and hanges in the re/ote point status!
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In point-to-point #PT onfiguration" there is one pri/ary point and one seondary point! In point-to-
/ultipoint #PT onfiguration" there are one pri/ary point and se0eral seondary points" whih
orrespond to the root node and leaf nodes in a networ9ing topology!
S7itchin .odes
&trit /ode
- pri/ary point triggers #PT swithing when all of its seondary points detet faults!
'on-strit /ode
- pri/ary point triggers #PT swithing when one of its seondary points detets a fault!
In point-to-point #PT onfiguration" there is only one seondary point and therefore the swithing /ode
does not /a9e any differene!
Service Net7or, Types
#PT pa9ets an tra0erse the following ser0ie networ9s7
#ayer 2 networ9s ($pti% $&' (00)
Dah #PT-ena.led port on a #ayer 2 ser0ie networ9 /ust ha0e a uni6ue 'DT I,! #PT
pa9ets an arry 1#-' I,s aording to the re6uire/ent of the #ayer 2 networ9!
EinE networ9s
The #PT-ena.led 'Ds at .oth ends of a EinE ser0ie networ9 adds or strips &-1#-'
tags! #PT pa9ets arry the sa/e &-1#-' I, as the ser0ies that are trans/itted o0er
the EinE networ9!
Pa9et swithed networ9s (P&'s)
The #PT-ena.led 'Ds at .oth ends of a P&' are pro0ider edges (PDs) that trans/it DTH
PCD3 ser0ies! #PT pa9ets arry the sa/e PC la.el as the ser0ies that are trans/itted
o0er the P&'!
#+%#+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations for #PT!
Item Speci6cations
#PT type Point-to-point #PT
Point-to-/ultipoint #PT
-pplia.le ser0ie
networ9 type
Point-to-point
#PT
$pti% $&' (007
#ayer 2 networ9
EinE networ9
P&'
$pti% $&' ((07
EinE networ9
P&'
$pti% $&' (*07
EinE networ9
Point-to-
/ultipoint #PT
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Item Speci6cations
P&'
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of ser0ies
supporting #PT
$pti% $&' (007 1B
$pti% $&' ((07 1B
$pti% $&' (*07 AB
&withing /ode &trit /ode
'on-strit /ode (a0aila.le only to point-to-
/ultipoint #PT)
&withing ti/e

&withing duration7
N W 300 /s if the fault is on the ''I side
and is deteted using PC $-4
N W 300 /s at an optial port and W 3s at an
eletrial port if the fault is on the 5'I
side
&etting of fault reo0ery ti/e 1s to B00s
,efault 0alue7 1s
&etting of hold-off ti/e 0 to 10000 /s" in steps of 100 /s
,efault 0alue7 1000 /s
&etting of #PT $-4 detetion pa9et
trans/ission
1000 /s to 10000 /s
,efault 0alue7 1000 /s
+ault detetion /ethod on a ser0ie
networ9
#PT $-4
PC $-4 (supported only when the ser0ie
networ9 is a P&')
,efault 0alue7 #PT $-4
#+%#+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that #PT o/plies with!
The #PT tehnology o/plies with Huawei proprietary protools!
#+%#+2 Availability
The #PT funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent and .oards!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+%#+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for #PT in the networ9 design phase"
onfiguration and o//issioning phase" and /aintenane phase!
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Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
#PT Dnsure that the $-4 detetion
/odes of #PT at .oth ends are the
sa/e!
')-
4&-PC and
#PT
4&-PC ser0ies support only #PT
using PC $-4! Chen 4&-PC
oe;ists with #PT" the fault
detetion /ode of #PT an .e set
only to )" OAM!
')-
=oard Ports on a H5',2 or a H5'&3
.oard annot funtion as #PT
5'Is!
$nly the $pti% $&' (*0 is
in0ol0ed!
Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
#PT ,uring the #PT onfiguration"
ensure that the 5'I port wor9s
properly! $therwise" #PT annot
wor9 properly!
')-
#PT Chen #PT uses PC $-4" ensure
that PC $-4 wor9s properly!
')-
Point-to-point
#PT
- 5'I port annot .e onfigured in
a 1#-' or ena.led with ,C'!
Point-to-point #PT needs to
e;lusi0ely oupy a 5'I port!
Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
#PT Chen the wor9ing /ode of the
5'I port with the #PT funtion
ena.led is set to the non-auto-
negotiation /ode" the #PT
swithing annot .e triggered .y
the trans/it diretion fault!
')-
Tunnel -P&
and #PT
Chen using the PC $-4
detetion /ethods and Tunnel -P&
oupling #PT" #PT need to .ind
the first onfiguration of the PC!
')-
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#+%#+* Principles
This setion desri.es #PT wor9ing priniples!
#+%#+*+# 5PT State Transition
This setion desri.es the #PT state transition proess!
The #PT state transition proess is the sa/e regardless of whether #PT uses #PT $-4 or PC $-4 to
detet faults!
In the #PT state transition proess" o//on #PT faulty states are as follows7
Initial state7 The #PT protool o/ponents ha0e not reei0ed #PT protool pa9ets!
-ess-side faulty state7 - port fault or lin9 fault ours on the loal ser0ie aess side!
If an #PT-ena.led 5'I port is onfigured in a #-<" #PT swithing is triggered only when all ports
or lin9s in the #-< are faulty!
If an #PT-ena.led 5'I port is not onfigured in a #-<" #PT swithing is triggered when the port or
its lin9 is faulty!
'etwor9-side faulty state7 - loal ''I port or lin9 is faulty or a peer 5'I port or lin9 is
faulty!
+igure 1-1A0 shows the #PT state transition proess!
Figure 1.1 #PT state transition
The #PT state transition proess is desri.ed as follows7
1! #PT hanges fro/ the initial state to a nor/al state one the #PT protool o/ponents
reei0e #PT protool pa9ets!
2! #PT hanges fro/ a nor/al state to the initial state one the !)T Eabled is set to
,isabled!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
3! #PT hanges fro/ a nor/al state to the networ9-side faulty state one the #PT protool
o/ponents detet networ9-side faults!
@! #PT hanges fro/ the networ9-side faulty state to the wait-to-restore (CT2) state one
the #PT protool o/ponents detet that the networ9-side faults ha0e .een retified!
(! #PT hanges fro/ the CT2 state to the networ9-side faulty state one the #PT protool
o/ponents detet networ9-side faults!
B! #PT hanges fro/ the CT2 state to the fault reo0ery state one the #PT protool
o/ponents detet that aess-side faults and networ9-side faults ha0e .een retified!
3! #PT hanges fro/ the fault reo0ery state to a nor/al state one the #PT protool
o/ponents detet that all aess-side and networ9-side faults ha0e .een retified!
*! #PT hanges fro/ the fault reo0ery state to the networ9-side faulty state one the #PT
protool o/ponents detet networ9-side faults!
A! #PT hanges fro/ the fault reo0ery state to the aess-side faulty state one the #PT
protool o/ponents detet aess-side faults!
10! #PT hanges fro/ the aess-side faulty state to the CT2 state one the #PT protool
o/ponents detet that the aess-side faults ha0e .een retified!
11! #PT hanges fro/ the CT2 state to the aess-side faulty state one the #PT protool
o/ponents detet aess-side faults!
12! #PT hanges fro/ the aess-side faulty state to the networ9-side faulty state one the
#PT protool o/ponents detet networ9-side faults!
13! #PT hanges fro/ a nor/al state to the aess-side faulty state one the #PT protool
o/ponents detet aess-side faults!
1@! #PT hanges fro/ the aess-side faulty state to the initial state one the #PT protool
o/ponents do not reei0e #PT protool pa9ets!
1(! #PT hanges fro/ the initial state to the aess-side faulty state one the #PT protool
o/ponents reei0e #PT protool pa9ets and detet aess-side faults!
#+%#+*+% Point'to'Point 5PT S7itchin
This setion desri.es the point-to-point #PT swithing priniples!
Point'to'Point 5PT S7itchin Aainst an Access'Side -ault
+ault detetion
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
7ro-en
Reports te (in-
fau(t a(ar"*
Disconnects te (in- fro"
access no!e 7 an! reports te
,:'JCFGJC,OS5:OR' a(ar"* Ser/ice net%or-
1! Chen deteting that the lin9 onneted to aess node - is faulty" ser0ie e6uip/ent -
trans/its =ro9en pa9ets to ser0ie e6uip/ent =!
2! -fter reei0ing the =ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent = disonnets its lin9 fro/ aess
node = and reports the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/!
+ault reo0ery
Copyright Huawei
B1A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
NonJ7ro-en
Restores te (in- to
access no!e 7*
Ser/ice net%or-
Stops reportin) te
,:'JCFGJC,OS5:OR'
a(ar"*
1! -fter deteting that the lin9 onneting to aess node - has reo0ered" ser0ie
e6uip/ent - stops reporting the lin9 fault alar/ and trans/its 'onH=ro9en pa9ets to
ser0ie e6uip/ent =!
2! -fter reei0ing the 'onH=ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent = restores its lin9 to aess
node =!
Point'to'Point 5PT S7itchin Aainst a Net7or,'Side -ault
+ault detetion
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
7ro-en
Ser/ice net%or-
7ro-en
Disconnects te (in- fro" access
no!e 7 an! reports te
,:'JCFGJC,OS5:OR' a(ar"*
access no!e . an! reports te
&er0ie e6uip/ent - and ser0ie e6uip/ent = an detet whether the ser0ie networ9 is
a0aila.le! If the ser0ie networ9 is una0aila.le" ser0ie e6uip/ent - and ser0ie e6uip/ent =
trans/it =ro9en pa9ets to eah other! &er0ie e6uip/ent - and ser0ie e6uip/ent =
disonnet their lin9s fro/ aess node - and aess node = and reports the
#PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/!
If the ser0ie networ9 is una0aila.le only in one diretion" only the e6uip/ent at one end (for e;a/ple"
ser0ie e6uip/ent -) an detet the ser0ie networ9 fault and i//ediately disonnet its lin9 fro/
aess node -! -t the sa/e ti/e" ser0ie e6uip/ent - trans/its =ro9en pa9ets to ser0ie e6uip/ent =!
-fter reei0ing the =ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent = disonnets its lin9 fro/ aess node = and
reports the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/!
+ault reo0ery
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
NonJ7ro-en
Restores
te (in- to
access
no!e 7*
Ser/ice
net%or-
Restores
te (in- to
access
no!e .*
1! Chen deteting that the ser0ie networ9 has reo0ered" ser0ie e6uip/ent - and ser0ie
e6uip/ent = trans/it 'on-=ro9en pa9ets to eah other for notifying lin9 reo0ery! In
addition" ser0ie e6uip/ent - and ser0ie e6uip/ent = restore their lin9s to aess node
- and aess node =!
2! -fter ser0ie e6uip/ent - and ser0ie e6uip/ent = reei0e 'onH=ro9en pa9ets fro/
eah other or after waiting for =ro9en pa9ets is ti/eout" ser0ie e6uip/ent - and
ser0ie e6uip/ent = deter/ine that the entire #PT lin9 is funtional and then ati0ate
their lin9s .etween eah other!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%#+*+& Point'to'.ultipoint 5PT S7itchin
This setion desri.es the point-to-/ultipoint #PT swithing priniples!
Point'to'.ultipoint 5PT S7itchin Aainst a -ault on a
Converence'Side Access Node
+ault detetion
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
.ccess
no!e C
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent C
7ro-en
7ro-en
Reports te (in-
fau(t a(ar"*
Ser/ice net%or-
no!e C an! reports te
.ccess si!e
Con/er)ence si!e Net%or- si!e
1! Chen deteting that the lin9 onneted to aess node - is faulty" ser0ie e6uip/ent -
trans/its =ro9en pa9ets to ser0ie e6uip/ent = and ser0ie e6uip/ent C!
2! -fter reei0ing the =ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent = and ser0ie e6uip/ent C
disonnet their lin9s fro/ aess node = and aess node C and report
#PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/s!
+ault reo0ery
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
.ccess
no!e C
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent C
Ser/ice net%or-
Stops reportin) te (in-
fau(t a(ar"*
Restores te (in- to
access no!e 7*
Restores te (in- to
access no!e C*
NonJ7ro-en
NonJ7ro-en
.ccess si!e
1! -fter deteting that the lin9 onneting to aess node - has reo0ered" ser0ie
e6uip/ent - stops reporting the lin9 fault alar/ and trans/its 'onH=ro9en pa9ets to
ser0ie e6uip/ent = and ser0ie e6uip/ent C!
2! -fter reei0ing the 'onH=ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent = and ser0ie e6uip/ent C
restore their lin9s to aess node = and aess node C and stop reporting
#PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/s!
Copyright Huawei
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Non'Strict Point'to'.ultipoint 5PT S7itchin Aainst a -ault on
an Access'Side Access Node
+ault detetion
.ccess si!e
Con/er)ence si!e
Reports te (in- fau(t a(ar"*
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
.ccess
no!e C
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent C
7ro-en
7ro-en
Ser/ice net%or-
no!e . an! reports te
Net%or- si!e
1! Chen deteting that the lin9 onneted to aess node = is faulty" ser0ie e6uip/ent =
trans/its =ro9en pa9ets to ser0ie e6uip/ent -!
2! -fter reei0ing the =ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent - disonnets its lin9 fro/ aess
node -" reports the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/" and sends =ro9en pa9ets to ser0ie
e6uip/ent C!
3! -fter reei0ing the =ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent C disonnets its lin9 fro/ aess
node C and reports the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/!
+ault reo0ery
.ccess si!e
Con/er)ence si!e
Restores te (in-
to access no!e .*
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
.ccess
no!e C
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent C
Ser/ice
net%or-
NonJ7ro-en
NonJ7ro-en
Restores te (in- to
access no!e C*
Stops reportin) te (in-
fau(t a(ar"*
Net%or- si!e
1! -fter deteting that the lin9 onneting to aess node = has reo0ered" ser0ie
e6uip/ent = stops reporting the lin9 fault alar/ and trans/its 'onH=ro9en pa9ets to
ser0ie e6uip/ent -!
2! -fter reei0ing the 'onH=ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent - restores its lin9 fro/
aess node -" stops reporting the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/ and trans/its
'onH=ro9en pa9ets to ser0ie e6uip/ent C!
3! -fter reei0ing the 'on-=ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent C restores its lin9 to aess
node C and stops reporting the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/!
Copyright Huawei
B22
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Strict Point'to'.ultipoint 5PT S7itchin Aainst a -ault on an
Access'Side Access Node
+ault detetion
.ccess si!e
Con/er)ence si!e
Reports te (in- fau(t
a(ar"*
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
.ccess
no!e C
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent C
7ro-en
7ro-en
Ser/ice
net%or-
Net%or- si!e
Reports te (in- fau(t
a(ar"*
1! Chen deteting that the lin9 onneted to aess node = is faulty" ser0ie e6uip/ent =
reports the lin9 fault alar/ and trans/its =ro9en pa9ets to ser0ie e6uip/ent -!
2! Chen deteting that the lin9 onneted to aess node C is faulty" ser0ie e6uip/ent C
reports the lin9 fault alar/ and trans/its =ro9en pa9ets to ser0ie e6uip/ent -!
3! -fter reei0ing =ro9en pa9ets fro/ all other ser0ie e6uip/ent" ser0ie e6uip/ent -
disonnets its lin9 fro/ aess node - and reports the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/!
+ault reo0ery
Restores te
(in- to access
no!e .*
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
.ccess
no!e C
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent C
Ser/ice net%or-
NonJ7ro-en
NonJ7ro-en
Stops reportin) te
(in- fau(t a(ar"*
.ccess si!e
Stops reportin) te
(in- fau(t a(ar"*
1! -fter deteting that the lin9 onneting to aess node = has reo0ered" ser0ie
e6uip/ent = stops reporting the lin9 fault alar/ and trans/its 'onH=ro9en pa9ets to
ser0ie e6uip/ent -!
2! -fter deteting that the lin9 onneting to aess node C has reo0ered" ser0ie
e6uip/ent C stops reporting the lin9 fault alar/ and trans/its 'onH=ro9en pa9ets to
ser0ie e6uip/ent -!
3! -fter reei0ing 'on-=ro9en pa9ets fro/ all other ser0ie e6uip/ent" ser0ie e6uip/ent
- restores its lin9 to aess node - and stops reporting the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T
alar/!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Non'Strict Point'to'.ultipoint 5PT S7itchin Aainst a Net7or,'
Side -ault
+ault detetion
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
.ccess
no!e C
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent C
7ro-en
7ro-en
Ser/ice net%or-
.ccess si!e Con/er)ence si!e Net%or- si!e
1! - .idiretional fault ours on the ser0ie networ9 .etween ser0ie e6uip/ent - and
ser0ie e6uip/ent =! -s a result" ser0ie e6uip/ent - and ser0ie e6uip/ent =
disonnet their lin9s fro/ aess node - and aess node = and report
#PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/s! In addition" ser0ie e6uip/ent - trans/its =ro9en
pa9ets to ser0ie e6uip/ent C!
2! -fter reei0ing the =ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent C disonnets its lin9 fro/ aess
+ault reo0ery
Restores te
(in- to access
no!e .* .ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
.ccess
no!e C
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent C
Ser/ice net%or-
NonJ7ro-en
NonJ7ro-en
Restores te
(in- to access
no!e 7*
Restores te
(in- to access
no!e C*
1! -fter deteting that the .idiretional fault on the ser0ie networ9 has .een retified"
ser0ie e6uip/ent - and ser0ie e6uip/ent = restore their lin9s to aess node - and
aess node = and stop reporting #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/s! In addition" ser0ie
e6uip/ent - trans/its 'on-=ro9en pa9ets to ser0ie e6uip/ent C!
2! -fter reei0ing the 'on-=ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent C restores its lin9 to aess
node C and stops reporting the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/!
Copyright Huawei
B2@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Strict Point'to'.ultipoint 5PT S7itchin Aainst a Net7or,'Side
-ault
+ault detetion
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
.ccess
no!e C
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent C
7ro-en
7ro-en
Ser/ice net%or-
access no!e . an!
reports te
,:'JCFGJC,OS5:OR'
a(ar"*
access no!e 7 an! reports te
,:'JCFGJC,OS5:OR'
a(ar"*
.ccess si!e Con/er)ence si!e
Net%or- si!e
ser0ie e6uip/ent =! -s a result" ser0ie e6uip/ent = disonnets its lin9 fro/ aess
node = and reports the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/!
ser0ie e6uip/ent C! -s a result" ser0ie e6uip/ent C disonnets its lin9 fro/ aess
3! -fter reei0ing =ro9en pa9ets fro/ all other ser0ie e6uip/ent" ser0ie e6uip/ent -
disonnets its lin9 fro/ aess node - and reports the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/!
+ault reo0ery
Restores te
(in- to access
no!e .*
.ccess
no!e .
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent .
.ccess
no!e 7
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent 7
.ccess
no!e C
Ser/ice
e?uip"ent C
Ser/ice net%or-
NonJ7ro-en
NonJ7ro-en
Restores te
(in- to access
no!e 7*
Restores te
(in- to access
no!e C*
1! -fter the .idiretional fault on the ser0ie networ9 .etween ser0ie e6uip/ent - and
ser0ie e6uip/ent = is retified" ser0ie e6uip/ent = restores its lin9 to aess node =
and stops reporting the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/!
2! -fter the .idiretional fault on the ser0ie networ9 .etween ser0ie e6uip/ent - and
ser0ie e6uip/ent C is retified" ser0ie e6uip/ent C restores its lin9 to aess node C
and stops reporting the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
3! -fter reei0ing 'on-=ro9en pa9ets fro/ all other ser0ie e6uip/ent" ser0ie e6uip/ent
- restores its lin9 to aess node - and stops reporting the #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T
alar/!
#+%#+1 Con6urin 5PT
-fter #PT is onfigured" you an he9 ser0ie aess lin9s and ser0ie networ9s so that
nor/al trans/ission of 9ey data ser0ies is guaranteed!
#+%#+1+# Con6urin Point'to'Point 5PT
Oou an onfigure point-to-point #PT to protet D-#ine ser0ies!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet .oard /ust support point-to-point #PT!
The D-#ine ser0ies /ust .e reated!
Precautions
Point-to-point #PT and point-to-/ultipoint #PT are /utually e;lusi0e! Therefore" you an selet only
one onfiguration /ode to i/ple/ent #PT!
Procedure
Step # $n the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the ion of the re6uired 'D and then hoose NE Ex-lorer
Step % In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D and then hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio >
!)T Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step & Cli9 the )oit.to.)oit !)T > )"E+i+ ta.!
Step 0 &elet the Dthernet ser0ie that re6uires #PT onfiguration" and then li9 Bid! In the dialog
.o; that is displayed" set the para/eters as re6uired!
#PT Dna.led7 ,isa.led
2eo0ery Ti/e(s)7 1
Hold-off Ti/e(/s)7 1000
+ault ,etetion Period(100/s)7 10
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/!
Step 4 2epeat &teps 1 to ( to onfigure point-to-point #PT for the opposite 'D!
....Ed
#+%#+1+% Con6urin Point'to'.ultipoint 5PT
Oou an onfigure point-to-/ultipoint #PT for D-#ine ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
B2B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
PrereBuisites
The D-#ine ser0ies /ust .e reated!
Conte9t
-s shown in +igure 1-1A1" the 2'C and the 'ode=s need to re/ain onstant o//uniation!
Figure 1.1 -ppliation e;a/ple
N5 2
N5 3
N5 1 No!e7 2
No!e7 3
No!e7 1
7ac-up net%or-
RNC
:SN
.ccess (in- 1
:<
:<
In nor/al ases" the 2'C and the 'ode=s o//uniate ser0ies o0er the P&'! In
addition" a .a9up networ9 e;ists .etween the 2'C and the 'ode=s!
Chen any lin9 .etween the 2'C and the 'ode=s or the P&' .eo/es faulty" the
ser0ies at /ultiple aess nodes need to .e swithed to the .a9up networ9 for
trans/ission! To /eet this re6uire/ent" point-to-/ultipoint #PT needs to .e onfigured
at 'D1" 'D2" and 'D3!
Chen you onfigure point-to-/ultipoint #PT at 'D1" the pri/ary funtion point /ust
adopt the 5'I type" and the seondary funtion point /ust adopt the PC type!
Chen you onfigure point-to-/ultipoint #PT at 'D2 and 'D3" the pri/ary funtion
point /ust adopt the PC type" and the seondary funtion point /ust adopt the 5'I
type!
Procedure
Step # $n the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the ion of the re6uired 'D1 and then hoose NE Ex-lorer
Copyright Huawei
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Step % In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D1 and then hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio >
Step & Cli9 the )oit.to.Multi-oit !)T ta.!
Step 0 Cli9 New > )"! In the Create !)T dialog .o; that is displayed" set the re6uired
para/eters!
Chen )oit T/-e of the pri/ary funtion point is set to #N1" )oit T/-e of the seondary funtion
point /ust .e set to )"! &i/ilarly" when )oit T/-e of the pri/ary funtion point is set to )"" the
)oit T/-e of the seondary funtion point /ust .e set to #N1!
Step 2 Cli9 OK!
Step 4 2epeat &teps 1 to ( to onfigure point-to-/ultipoint #PT for 'D2 and 'D3!
....Ed
#+%#+/ Veri8yin 5PT
To he9 whether the onfigured #PT wor9s properly" si/ulate a fault on the lin9 that is
onneted to aess node and 6uery the reported alar/!
PrereBuisites
Dthernet ser0ies /ust .e onfigured on the speified port!
The #PT funtion /ust .e ena.led for the trans/ission e6uip/ent at the loal and
opposite ends!
Procedure
Step # In the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the re6uired 'D ion and then hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/
the shortut /enu!
Step % In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired Dthernet .oard and then hoose Cofiguratio >
)ac*et Cofiguratio > !)T Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step & Cli9 +uer/ in the lower right orner to he9 whether the #PT funtion of the speified port
is ena.led suessfully!
Step 0 ,isonnet the lin9 onneted to the loal aess node (that is" aess lin9 1 as shown in
+igure 1-1A2)!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 7.1 #PT networ9ing diagra/
NE&
NE$
0S , A
3a*up
!etwor*
Aess
!o#e "i!* &
Ser(ie
!etwor*
Aess
!o#e "i!* $
0S , 3
Step 2 Euery the alar/s at the opposite end! If the DTHH#$& and #PTH2+I alar/s are reported at
the opposite end" the onfigured #PT wor9s properly!
....Ed
#+%#+#" Troubleshootin
To loate and retify the o//on faults in a ti/ely /anner" you need to get fa/iliar with the
fault sy/pto/s and the trou.leshooting flow! This topi desri.es how to handle o//on
#PT faults .y using point-to-/ultipoint #PT as an e;a/ple!
Symptom
In the ase of the point-to-/ultipoint #PT networ9ing as shown in +igure 1-1A3" the o//on
fault sy/pto/ is as follows7 Chen the lin9 or networ9 .etween the 2'C and the 'ode=s
.eo/es faulty" ser0ies .etween the 2'C and the 'ode=s annot .e swithed to the .a9up
networ9!
Copyright Huawei
B2A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of point-to-/ultipoint #PT
N5 2
N5 3
N5 1 No!e7 2
No!e7 3
No!e7 1
7ac-up net%or-
RNC
:SN
.ccess (in- 1
:<
:<
Possible Causes
The #PT funtion is disa.led!
The pri/ary funtion point and the seondary funtion point are not orretly set!
Procedure
Step # $n the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the 'D1 ion and then hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the
shortut /enu!
Step % In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D1 and then hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio >
Step & Cli9 the )oit.to.Multi-oit !)T ta." and then lin9 +uer/!
1! Che9 the 0alue of !)T Eabled! If it is set to ,isabled" set it to Eabled!
2! Che9 the 0alue of )oit T/-e for the pri/ary funtion point! If it is set to )""
reonfigure the point-to-/ultipoint #PT and set )oit T/-e of the pri/ary funtion point
to #N1!
Step 0 2epeat &teps 1 to 3 to he9 whether the onfigurations of 'D2 and 'D3 are orret!
)oit T/-e of the pri/ary funtion point for 'D2 and 'D3 /ust .e set to )"! If )oit T/-e is set to
#N1" reonfigure the point-to-/ultipoint #PT!
Step 2 If the fault persists" ontat Huawei tehnial support engineers to retify the fault!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
B30
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%#+## Relevant Alarms and :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents assoiated with #PT!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
#PTHC+<HC#$&
DP$2T
The #PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/ indiates that #PT shuts down a
loal ser0ie port! In the pa9et do/ain" when deteting that the
re/ote aess-side port fails or the #PT ser0ie networ9 fails" #PT
shuts down the loal aess-side port and reports the
#PTHC+<HC#$&DP$2T alar/!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to #PT!
#+%#+#% 5PT Con6uration Parameters
This setion desri.es para/eters for onfiguring the lin9 state pass through (#PT) funtion!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for point-to-point #PT
=inding &tatus 5n.ound" =ound
,efault 0alue7 5n.ound
Bidig %tatus speifies
whether the lin9-state pass
through (#PT) funtion is
.ound with a ser0ie!
Configure a ser0ie .efore
setting the .inding status
.etween the #TP funtion
and the ser0ie! The default
0alue of this para/eter is
#boud!
)arameters
=efore .inding a ser0ie"
ena.le the #PT funtion!
Pri/ary +untion Point &lot I,-=oard-Port I,
,efault 0alue7 -
)rimar/ Fuctio )oit
displays the port I," .oard
and slot I, where the
pri/ary funtion point is
loated!
&eondary +untion Point
Type
#2 net" PC" EinE
NOTE
$pti% $&' ((0 e6uip/ent
does not support !2 et!
%ecodar/ Fuctio )oit
T/-e speifies the port type
of a seondary funtion
point when you onfigure
Copyright Huawei
B31
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
point-to-point lin9-state pass
through (#PT)!
#2 net7 Indiates that the

ser0ie networ9 is a third
#2 networ9!
PC7 Indiates that the

ser0ie networ9 is a PC
networ9!
EinE7 Indiates that the

ser0ie networ9 is a
EinE networ9!
)arameters
T/-e /ust /ath )rimar/
Fuctio )oit T/-e!
&eondary +untion Point #2 net7 &lot I,-=oard-Port"
PC7 PC-I," EinE7 EinE-
I,
,efault 0alue7 -
NOTE
displays the port" .oard" and
slot I, where the seondary
funtion point is loated!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
)arameters
#PT Instane &tatus +or e;a/ple" 'or/al ,isplays the #PT status!
#PT Dna.led Dna.led" ,isa.led ,isplays or speifies when
#PT is ena.led or not!
2eo0ery Ti/e(s) 1 to B00 ,isplays or speifies the
reo0ery ti/e of swithing!
Hold-off Ti/e(/s) 0 to 10000 Chen #PT swithing is
ena.led and the loal end
detets a trigger ondition of
#PT swithing" the syste/
instruts the opposite end to
perfor/ #PT swithing after
the hold-off ti/e e;pires if
the trigger ondition still
e;ists!
&withing 4ode &trit 4ode" 'on-strit
4ode
,efault 0alue7 &trit 4ode
,isplays or speifies the
swithing /ode!
+ault ,etetion 4ode #PT $-4" PC $-4
,isplays the fault detetion
/ode!
+ault ,etetion 3 to 100 ,isplays the fault detetion
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Period(100/s) period!
5ser-&ide Port &tatus C#$&D" $PD'
,efault 0alue7 $PD'
#ser.%ide )ort %tatus
speifies the laser status on
an #PT-ena.led 5'I port!
Chen the #PT protool
wor9s properly" O)EN is
displayed! Chen a fault
ours on the networ9 side"
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent shuts
down the laser on the loal
end and reports C!O%E!
#2 net I, - #2 Peer net I, 1 to @2A@AB32A( &peifies the 'DT I, of an
'D!
only when )oit T/-e is set
to !2 et!
NOTE
Table 1.2 Para/eters for point-to-/ultipoint #PT
Point Type 5'I" PC" #2 net" EinE
NOTE
&peifies the type of the
pri/ary funtion point!
Pri/ary +untion Point +or e;a/ple" 3-D4B+-
1(P$2T-1)
,isplays the slot I," .oard
na/e" and port I, for the
pri/ary funtion point!
#PT Instane &tatus +or e;a/ple" 'or/al ,isplays the #PT status!
#PT Dna.led Dna.led" ,isa.led ,isplays or speifies
whether #PT is ena.led!
2eo0ery Ti/e(s) +or e;a/ple" 1
NOTE
The 0alue ranges fro/ 1 to
B00!
reo0ery ti/e of swithing!
Hold-off Ti/e(/s) +or e;a/ple" 1000
NOTE
10000!
Chen #PT swithing is
ena.led and the loal end
detets a trigger ondition of
#PT swithing" the syste/
instruts the opposite end to
Copyright Huawei
B33
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
perfor/ #PT swithing after
the hold-off ti/e e;pires if
the trigger ondition still
e;ists!
&withing 4ode &trit 4ode" 'on-strit
4ode
,efault 0alue7 &trit 4ode
swithing /ode!
+ault ,etetion 4ode #PT $-4" PC $-4
Fault ,etectio Mode
speifies the /ode to detet
the lin9-state pass through
(#PT) lin9 status!
#PT $-47 Indiates that

e6uip/ent deter/ines
the #PT lin9 status .ased
on #PT pa9ets!
PC $-47 Indiates that

e6uip/ent deter/ines
the #PT lin9 status .ased
on #PT pa9ets and
assoiated PC $-4
para/eters! D6uip/ent
onsiders the #PT lin9
6uality /eets
re6uire/ents only when
#PT pa9et negotiation
sueeds and PC $-4
para/eters are within
speified thresholds!
If the #PT detetion /odes
differ at .oth ends" the #PT
fails to wor9 properly!
)arameters
Dna.le the PC $-4
funtion .efore onfiguring
the PC $-4 detetion
/ode!
+ault ,etetion
Period(100/s)
+or e;a/ple" 10
NOTE
100!
fault detetion period!
5ser-&ide Port &tatus C#$&D" $PD'
,efault 0alue7 $PD'
#ser.%ide )ort %tatus
speifies the laser status on
an #PT-ena.led 5'I port!
Copyright Huawei
B3@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Chen the #PT protool
wor9s properly" O)EN is
displayed! Chen a fault
ours on the networ9 side"
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent shuts
down the laser on the loal
end and reports C!O%E!
#2 net I, - #2 Peer net I, 1 to @2A@AB32A( &peifies the 'DT I, of an
opposite 'D!
only when )oit T/-e is set
to !2 et!
NOTE
&eondary +untion Point
Type
#2 net" PC" EinE
NOTE
T/-e speifies the port type
of a seondary funtion
point when you onfigure
point-to-point lin9-state pass
through (#PT)!
#2 net7 Indiates that the

ser0ie networ9 is a third
#2 networ9!
PC7 Indiates that the

ser0ie networ9 is a PC
networ9!
EinE7 Indiates that the

ser0ie networ9 is a
EinE networ9!
)arameters
T/-e /ust /ath )rimar/
Fuctio )oit T/-e!
&eondary +untion Point #2 net7 &lot I,-=oard-Port"
PC7 PC-I," EinE7 EinE-
I,
,efault 0alue7 -
NOTE
displays the port" .oard" and
slot I, where the seondary
funtion point is loated!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
)arameters
Copyright Huawei
B3(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%% .S'P;
4ulti-seg/ent pseudo wire (4&-PC) in0ol0es setting up stati PC seg/ents to pro0ide
edge-to-edge 0irtual onnetions and redue the nu/.er of 4P#& tunnels on the on0ergene
ring!
#+%%+# Introduction
-n 4&-PC pro0ides an edge-to-edge 0irtual onnetion .y setting up stati PC seg/ents!
The &-PD at the tangent point of an aess ring and a on0ergene ring swaps PC la.els and
aggregates PCs! The nu/.er of 4P#& tunnels on the on0ergene ring is redued!
De6nition
-n 4&-PC is set up .etween two PC ter/inating pro0ider edges (T-PDs) and tra0els through
the PC swithing pro0ider edge (&-PD)! -t the &-PD" PC la.els are swapped and then the
4&-PC is di0ided into two or /ore seg/ents!
-n 4&-PC onsists of /ultiple ad:aent PC seg/ents" and eah PC seg/ent is a point-to-
point PC!
Purpose
If the e6uip/ent does not support 4&-PC" Dthernet ser0ies an .e trans/itted o0er a P&'
.y stati 4P#& tunnels!
-t an ingress node" PC and 4P#& tunnel la.els are put on Dthernet pa9ets!
-t a transit node" the 4P#& tunnel la.els are swapped!
-t an egress node" the PC and 4P#& tunnel la.els are stripped!
In this ser0ie /odel" only the 4P#& tunnel la.els an .e swapped at the transit node!
Therefore" as shown in +igure 1-1A@" users /ust onfigure edge-to-edge 4P#& tunnels fro/
the 'ode= to the 2'C! The nu/.er of 4P#& tunnels on the on0ergene ring P&'2
inreases sharply as the nu/.er of 'ode=s inreases!
Copyright Huawei
B3B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 &ingle-seg/ent PC networ9ing diagra/
No!e7
No!e7
No!e7
No!e7
'unne(
:<
RNC
:SN1
:SN2
:SN3
F5
F5
F5
F5
G5
2n)ress no!e
'ransi t no!e
5)ress
no!e
-s shown in +igure 1-1A(" the &-PD at the tangent point of the aess ring and the
on0ergene ring ter/inates the 4P#& tunnels on the aess rings! -ll the PCs on the aess
rings are aggregated into one 4P#& tunnel! Therefore" the nu/.er of 4P#& tunnels on the
on0ergene ring is redued!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.2 4&-PC networ9ing diagra/
No!e7
No!e7
No!e7
No!e7 'unne(
:<
RNC
:SN1
:SN2
:SN3
F5
F5
F5
F5
G5
S-:5
S-:5
>S-:<
'-:5
'-:5
'-:5
'-:5
'-:5
#+%%+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with 4&-PC!
P; S7itchin Provider :de $S'P:(
-n &-PD an ter/inate the 4P#& tunnel la.els of 4P#& tunnel pa9ets" and swith the PC
la.els! -n 4&-PC /ust transit an &-PD!
P; Terminatin Provider :de $T'P:(
- T-PD onnets to an aess lin9 and forwards traffi to a PC! It is used at .oth ends of an
4&-PC to ter/inate PC la.els!
P; Sement
- PC seg/ent is a part of an 4&-PC" and is set up .etween two PDs! The two PDs an .e
two T-PDs" two &-PDs" or one T-PD and one &-PD!
#+%%+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the apaity of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent for supporting 4&-PC!
Item Speci6cations
&upport apa.ility $pti% $&' (007 12*
$pti% $&' ((07 12*
Copyright Huawei
B3*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cations
$pti% $&' (*07 *1A2
&er0ie type $pti% $&' (007 DTH ser0ie)-T4 ser0ie)CD&
ser0ie
$pti% $&' ((07 DTH ser0ie)-T4 ser0ie)CD&
ser0ie
$pti% $&' (*07 Dthernet &er0ie
#+%%+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion pro0ides the standards and protools assoiated with 4&-PC!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with 4&-PC7
2+C3A1B7 2e6uire/ents for Pseudo-Cire D/ulation Ddge-to-Ddge (PCD3)
2+C3A*(7 Pseudo Cire D/ulation Ddge-to-Ddge (PCD3) -rhiteture
2+C@@@B7 I-'- -lloations for Pseudowire Ddge to Ddge D/ulation (PCD3)
draft-ietf-pwe3-ontrol-protool-137 Pseudo wire &etup and 4aintenane using the #a.el
,istri.ution Protool
draft-/artini-pwe3-pw-swithing-037 Pseudo Cire &withing
draft-ietf-pwe3-w-007 PCD3 Control Cord for use o0er an 4P#& P&'
draft-ietf-pwe3-00-037 Pseudo Cire 1irtual Ciruit Conneti0ity 1erifiation (1CC1)
draft-ietf-pwe3-ethernet-enap-107 Dnapsulation 4ethods for Transport of Dthernet
$0er 4P#& 'etwor9s
draft-ietf-pwe3-at/-enap-117 Dnapsulation 4ethods for Transport of -T4 $0er
4P#& 'etwor9s
draft-ietf-pwe3-ell-transport-0(7 PCD3 -T4 Transparent Cell Transport &er0ie
#+%%+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the 4&-PC feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
Copyright Huawei
B3A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+%%+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for 4&-PC in the networ9 design
phase!
Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
4&-PC The e6uip/ent supports the stati
4&-PC only!
')-
Copyright Huawei
B@0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
4&-PC and
#PT
4&-PC ser0ies support only #PT
using PC $-4! Chen 4&-PC
oe;ists with #PT" the fault
detetion /ode of #PT an .e set
only to )" OAM!
')-
4&-PC and
PC -P&

+or the inter/ediate node that is
onfigured with the 4&-PC"
the $-4 funtion annot .e
ena.led and the -P& protetion
annot .e onfigured!
+or the inter/ediate node that is

ena.led with the $-4 funtion
and onfigured with the -P&
protetion" the 4&-PC annot
.e set up!
')-
#+%%+* Principles
This setion desri.es the priniples of 4&-PC!
-n 4&-PC pro0ides an edge-to-edge 0irtual onnetion .y setting up stati PC seg/ents!
&ee +igure 1-1AB!
PC1 arries 5'I-''I D-#ine ser0ies fro/ CD1 and PC2 arries 5'I-''I D-#ine
ser0ies fro/ CD2!
4&-PC1 onsists of PC1 and PC3" and 4&-PC2 onsists of PC2 and PC@!
PC1 is arried .y tunnel 1" PC2 is arried .y tunnel 2" and PC3 and PC@ are arried .y
tunnel 3!
Copyright Huawei
B@1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Cor9ing priniple of 4&-PC
'unne(
:<
C51
C52
C53
'-:51
'-:52
S-:5 '-:53
>S-:<1
:<1
'unne( 1
'unne( 2
:<2
'unne( 3
:<3
:<B
>S-:<2
4&-PC funtions as follows7
1! &-PD strips the tunnel la.els of tunnel 1 and tunnel 2!
2! &-PD swaps the la.els of PC1 and PC3 and the la.els of PC2 and PC@! In addition" &-
PD reates onnetion relationships .etween PC1 and PC3 and .etween PC2 and PC@!
3! D-#ine ser0ies .etween CD1)CD2 and CD3 are trans/itted in an edge-to-edge /anner!
#+%%+1 Con6urin .S'P;s
Configure ross-onnetions for the forward and .a9ward PCs on an &-PD node to reate an
4&-PC! This helps to pro0ide edge-to-edge 0irtual onnetions for Dthernet ser0ies!
PrereBuisites
The 4P#& tunnels arrying PCs /ust .e onfigured!
PCs .etween the T-PD nodes and the &-PD node /ust .e onfigured!
Procedure
Cofiguratio > M)!% Maagemet > )" Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree! Then"
selet M% )" in the right pane!
Step % Cli9 New! In the dialog .o; that is displayed" set the general attri.utes of the 4&-PC!
Copyright Huawei
B@2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Chen Tuel %electio Mode is set to Auto %elect" you /ust set O--osite !%2 1,! In addition" li9
the Forward Tuel %electio or Bac* Tuel %electio ta." and set the priority of auto/atially
seleting tunnel types!
Step & Cli9 the +o% ta." and set the Eo& para/eters of the 4&-PC!
It is reo//ended that forward and .a9ward PCs ha0e sa/e Eo& settings!
If the forward and .a9ward PCs tra0erse different do/ains" the .andwidth li/it para/eter needs to
ta9e a sa/e 0alue for the forward and .a9ward PCs" .ut the other Eo& para/eters an ta9e
different 0alues for the forward and .a9ward PCs!
Step 0 Cli9 the Ad&aced Attributes ta." and set the ad0aned attri.utes of the 4&-PC!
Copyright Huawei
B@3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/! In the dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 Close!
....Ed
#+%%+/ Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure 4&-PCs aording to
networ9 onditions!
#+%%+/+# :9ample Description
This setion desri.es the networ9ing senario wherein 4&-PCs arrying ser0ies tra0erse
different do/ains!
-s shown in +igure 1-1A3" the PCs .etween 'D1 and 'D@ and .etween 'D2 and 'D@ arry
D-#ine ser0ies .etween the 'ode=s and the 2'C" tunnel 1 arries PC@0 .etween 'D1 and
'D3" tunnel 2 arries PC(0 .etween 'D2 and 'D3" and tunnel 3 arries PCB0 and PC30
.etween 'D3 and 'D@!
4&-PC1 ross-onnets PC@0 (forward) with PCB0 (.a9ward) to arry D-#ine ser0ies
4&-PC2 ross-onnets PC(0 (forward) with PC30 (.a9ward) to arry D-#ine ser0ies
Figure 1.1 D-#ine ser0ies arried .y 4&-PCs
No!e7
No!e7
,SR 2D6 1*0*0*1
N51
N52
,SR 2D6 1*0*0*2
RNC
,SR 2D6 1*0*0*3
N53
N5B
,SR 2D6 1*0*0*B
:< B0
:< 50
:< D0
:< 70
'unne( 1
'unne( 2
'unne( 3
>S-:< 1
:<
>S-:<
'unne(
>S-:< 2
Copyright Huawei
B@@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Service Plannin
Ta.le 1-211 lists the planned general 4&-PC attri.utes and their 0alues!
Table 1.1 Planned general 4&-PC attri.utes and their 0alues
Parameter .S'P;# .S'P;%
I, 1 2
'a/e 4&-PC1 4&-PC2
4T5 (.yte) 1(00 1(00
&er0ie Type Dthernet &er0ie Dthernet &er0ie
+orward)=a9w
ard PC
+orward PC =a9ward PC +orward PC =a9ward PC
PC I, @0 B0 (0 30
PC &ignaling
Type
PC Type Dthernet Dthernet Dthernet Dthernet
PC Ino/ing
#a.el)&oure
Port
20 @0 30 (0
PC $utgoing
#a.el)&oure
Port
20 @0 30 (0
Tunnel
seletion 4ode
Tunnel Type 4P#& 4P#& 4P#& 4P#&
Tunnel 1 3 2 3
$pposite #&2
I,
1!0!0!1 1!0!0!@ 1!0!0!2 1!0!0!@
Ta.le 1-212 lists the planned Eo& para/eters and their 0alues for the 4&-PCs!
Table 1.2 Planned Eo& para/eters and their 0alues for the 4&-PCs
Parameter -or7ard
P; Inress
-or7ard
P; :ress
)ac,7ard
P; Inress
)ac,7ard
P; :ress
=andwidth
#i/it
Dna.led ,isa.led Dna.led ,isa.led
Poliy - - - -
Copyright Huawei
B@(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter -or7ard
P; Inress
-or7ard
P; :ress
)ac,7ard
P; Inress
)ac,7ard
P; :ress
CI2(9.it)s) 102@0 - 102@0 -
C=&(.ytes) - - - -
PI2(9.it)s) 30320 - 30320 -
P=&(.ytes) - - - -
D%P 1 - 1 -
#&P 4ode - 5nifor/ - 5nifor/
Ta.le 1-213 lists the planned ad0aned 4&-PC attri.utes and their 0alues!
Table 1.( Planned ad0aned 4&-PC attri.utes and their 0alues
Parameter Value
Control Cord 'ot in use
Control Channel Type CC
1CC1 1erifiation 4ode Ping
2e6uest 1#-' -
#+%%+/+% Con6uration Process
PrereBuisites
- networ9 /ust .e set up aording to +igure 1-1A3!
D-#ine ser0ies arried .y PCs /ust .e onfigured on the T-PD nodes ('D1" 'D2" and
'D@) aording to ser0ie planning!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D3" and hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio >
M)!% Maagemet > )" Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree! Then" selet M% )" in
the right pane!
Step % Cli9 New! In the dialog .o; that is displayed" set the general attri.utes of 4&-PC1!
The para/eters of general attri.utes of 4&-PC1 are as follows!
Parameter Value in This :9ample
I, 1
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
'a/e 4&-PC1
4T5 (.ytes) 1(00
&er0ie Type Dthernet
PC I, +orward PC7 @0
=a9ward PC7 B0
PC &ignaling Type +orward)=a9ward PC7 &tati
PC Ino/ing #a.el)&oure Port +orward PC7 20
=a9ward PC7 @0
PC $utgoing #a.el)&in9 Port +orward PC7 20
=a9ward PC7 @0
Tunnel seletion 4ode +orward)=a9ward PC7 4anually
Tunnel Type +orward)=a9ward PC7 4P#&
Tunnel +orward PC7 1
=a9ward PC7 3
$pposite #&2 I, +orward PC7 1!0!0!1
=a9ward PC7 1!0!0!@
Step & Cli9 the +o% ta." and set the Eo& para/eters of 4&-PC1!
The Eo& para/eters of 4&-PC1 are as follows!
=andwidth #i/it +orward)=a9ward PC Ingress7 Dna.led
CI2(9.it)s) +orward)=a9ward PC Ingress7 102@0
PI2(9.it)s) +orward)=a9ward PC Ingress7 30230
D%P +orward)=a9ward PC Ingress7 1
#&P 4ode +orward)=a9ward PC Dgress7 5nifor/
Step 0 Cli9 the Ad&aced Attributes ta." and set the ad0aned attri.utes of 4&-PC1!
The para/eters of ad0aned attri.utes of 4&-PC1 are as follows!
Control Cord 'ot in use
Control Channel Type CC
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1CC1 1erifiation 4ode Ping
Step 2 Perfor/ &teps 1 to @ to set the para/eters of 4&-PC2!
The Eo& settings and ad0aned attri.utes of 4&-PC2 are the sa/e as those of 4&-PC1! &et
the general attri.utes of 4&-PC2 as follows!
I, 2
'a/e 4&-PC2
4T5 (.ytes) 1(00
&er0ie Type Dthernet
PC I, +orward PC7 (0
=a9ward PC7 30
PC &ignaling Type +orward)=a9ward PC7 &tati
PC Ino/ing #a.el)&oure Port +orward PC7 30
=a9ward PC7 (0
PC $utgoing #a.el)&in9 Port +orward PC7 30
=a9ward PC7 (0
Tunnel seletion 4ode +orward)=a9ward PC7 4anually
Tunnel Type +orward)=a9ward PC7 4P#&
Tunnel +orward PC7 2
=a9ward PC7 3
$pposite #&2 I, +orward PC7 1!0!0!@
=a9ward PC7 1!0!0!2
....Ed
#+%%+#" Veri8yin .S'P;s
-fter ser0ies arried .y 4&-PCs are onfigured" you an run the PC ping o//and to
0erify the end-to-end onneti0ity of the 4&-PCs!
PrereBuisites
D-#ine ser0ies arried .y PCs /ust .e onfigured aording to ser0ie planning!
The 4&-PCs /ust .e onfigured aording to ser0ie planning!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-s shown in +igure 1-1A*" test the onneti0ity .etween 'D1 and 'D@ and .etween 'D2 and
'D@ .y perfor/ing a PC ping test at 'D1 and 'D2!
Figure 1.1 D-#ine ser0ies arried .y 4&-PCs
No!e7
No!e7
N51
N52
RNC
N53
N5B
:< B0
:< 50
:< D0
:< 70
'unne( 1
'unne( 2
'unne( 3
>S-:< 1
:<
>S-:<
'unne(
>S-:< 2
Table 1.1 Planned general attri.utes of the PC ping test
Parameter .S'P;# .S'P;%
Peer PC I, B0 30
Peer IP 10!2!3!@ 10!2!3!@
)eer )" 1, refers to the PC I, of PCB0 or PC30!
)eer 1) refers to the port IP address of 'D@ (sin9 node) on tunnel 3!
Oou an perfor/ one ping test on one PC at a ti/e!
Procedure
Step % Cli9 )" OAM )arameter and selet PC@0! Then" hoose OAM O-eratio > )ig Test!
Step & In the )ig Test dialog .o; that is displayed" set the para/eters of )ig Test!
Pa9et Count 3
D%P 1alue 3
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
TT# 2((
Trans/it Inter0al(10/s) 100
Pa9et #ength B@
Cait-to-2esponse Ti/eout Ti/e(10/s) 300
2esponse 4ode IP0@ 5,P 2esponse
Peer PC I, B0
Peer IP 10!2!3!@
Step 0 Cli9 %tart Test! Che9 the result of the ping test!
Step 2 1iew the nu/.er of trans/itted and reei0ed pa9ets" pa9et loss ratio" and delay in the test
result list" and deter/ine the PC status!
Chen the reei0ed pa9ets are less than the trans/itted pa9ets" it indiates that pa9et loss ours!
Step 4 &elet PC(0 on 'D1" and perfor/ &teps 1 to ( to perfor/ a new ping test! &et the para/eters
as follows!
-/ong the following para/eters" only the 0alue of )eer )" 1, is different fro/ the 0alue that is set for
the preeding ping test!
Pa9et Count 3
D%P 1alue 3
TT# 2((
Trans/it Inter0al(10/s) 100
Pa9et #ength B@
Cait-to-2esponse Ti/eout Ti/e(10/s) 300
2esponse 4ode IP0@ 5,P 2esponse
Peer PC I, 30
Peer IP 10!2!3!@
....Ed
#+%%+## Relevant Alarms and Per8ormance :vents
There are no alar/s or perfor/ane e0ents rele0ant to 4&-PC!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%%+#% .S'P; Con6uration Parameters
This setion desri.es para/eters assoiated with a /ulti-seg/ent (4&) pseudo wire (PC)!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for an 4&-PC
I, +or e;a/ple" 1 &peifies the I, of an 4&-PC!
'a/e +or e;a/ple" 4&-
PC1
&peifies the na/e of an 4&-PC!
4T5(.ytes)
NOTE
+or the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent" MT#3b/tes4 is
una0aila.le!
0;++++ &peifies the /a;i/u/ length of
pa9ets that an .e trans/itted
o0er an 4&-PC!
&er0ie Type Dthernet &er0ie" -T4
&er0ie" CD& &er0ie
&peifies the type of ser0ies that
an .e trans/itted o0er an 4&-
PC!
Connetion Type Port Transparent" P1P"
P1C
,efault 0alue7 P1P
&peifies the onnetion type of
-T4 ser0ies!
when %er&ice T/-e is set to ATM
%er&ice!
,eploy/ent &tatus - ,isplays the ser0ie deploy/ent
status!
Table 1.2 Para/eters for general attri.utes of PCs
PC I, +or e;a/ple" 1 &peifies the I, of a PC!
PC &ignaling Type &tati )" %igalig T/-e speifies the
alloation /ode (auto/ati or
/anual) of ingress and egress nodes
of a PC!
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent urrently
supports only %tatic alloation
/ode!
PC Type Dthernet" Dthernet
CD&oP&'" &-ToP"
-T4 transparent ell
transport" -T4 n-to-1
1PC ell transport"
-T4 1-to-1 1PC ell
/ode" -T4 n-to-1
&peifies or displays the type of a
PC!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1CC ell transport"
-T4 1-to-1 1CC ell
transport
Chen %er&ice T/-e

is set to Et$eret
%er&ice" )" T/-e
an .e set to only
Et$eret or
Et$eret Tagged
Mode!
Chen %er&ice T/-e

is set to CE%
%er&ice" )" T/-e
an .e set to only
CE%o)%N or
%ATo)!
Chen %er&ice T/-e

is set to ATM
%er&ice" the
settings are as
follows7
N Chen
Coectio
T/-e is set to
)ort
Tras-aret"
)" T/-e is
ATM
tras-aret
cell tras-ort!
N Chen
Coectio
T/-e is set to
)')" )" T/-e
is ATM .to.1
')C cell
tras-ort or
ATM 1.to.1
')C cell
mode!
N Chen
Coectio
T/-e is set to
)'C" )"
T/-e is ATM
.to.1 'CC
cell tras-ort
or ATM 1.to.1
'CC cell
mode!
Copyright Huawei
B(2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
PC ,iretion =idiretional ,isplays the diretion of a PC!
PC Dnapsulation Type 4P#& ,isplays the enapsulation type of
pa9ets on a PC!
PC Ingress #a.el)&oure
Port
+or e;a/ple" 13 This para/eter needs to .e set when
)" %igalig T/-e is set to %tatic!
PC Dgress #a.el)&in9 Port +or e;a/ple" 1* This para/eter an .e set when )"
%igalig T/-e is set to %tatic!
Tunnel &etion 4ode 4anually &peifies the tunnel that arries the
PC!
Tunnel Type 4P#& ,isplays the type of the tunnel that
arries the PC!
Tunnel +or e;a/ple" @3 &elets a reated tunnel! If no tunnel
is a0aila.le" no PC an .e reated!
Peer #&2 I, +or e;a/ple"
10!30!31!123
&peifies the #&2 I, of a PC at the
re/ote end!
If Tuel is seleted" O--osite
!%2 1, is auto/atially assigned
on the '4&!
Table 1.( Eo& para/eters for an 4&-PC
=andwidth
#i/it
Dna.led" ,isa.led ,isplays the .andwidth li/it!
If Badwidt$ !imit is ena.led" the
o//itted infor/ation rate (CI2) and
pea9 infor/ation rate (PI2) an .e set!
Co//itted
Infor/ation
2ate (9.it)s)
102@ to 10000000" 5nli/ited
,efault 0alue7 @2A@AB32A(
(++++++++++ is in0alid)
Committed 1formatio 2ate 3*bit0s4
speifies the o//itted infor/ation
rate (CI2) of a 6ueue! Chen the pa9et
rate is s/aller than or e6ual to the CI2"
all pa9ets an .e forwarded! If the
pa9et rate is greater than the CI2"
so/e pa9ets are disarded .ased on
speified pa9et disarding poliy!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The greater CI2" the higher rate of

allowed traffi" and the /ore
pa9ets forwarded!
It is reo//ended that the pa9et

rate is s/aller than or e6ual to the
CI2!
Copyright Huawei
B(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2elatios$i- wit$ Ot$er )arameters
This para/eter an .e set only when

Badwidt$ !imit is set to
Eabled!
If the speified CI2 are applied to

funtion points" suh as PCs and
ports" ensure that the su/ of CI2s in
all poliies applied to the funtion
point is s/aller than or e6ual to the
CI2 for the funtion point!
Co//itted
=urst &i8e (.yte)
- &peifies the o//itted .urst si8e!
NOTE
This para/eter is inapplia.le to an 4&-
PC!
Pea9
Infor/ation
2ate (9.it)s)
B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 @2A@AB32A(
(++++++++++ is in0alid)
)ea* 1formatio 2ate 3*bit0s4
speifies the /a;i/u/ rate of ser0ies
allowed .y the PI2!
It is reo//ended that the PI2 .e
greater than or e6ual to the (o//itted
infor/ation rate) CI2!
Pea9 =urst &i8e
(.yte)
- &peifies the si8e of the P=&!
NOTE
This para/eter is inapplia.le to an 4&-
PC!
D%P 0" 1" 2" 3" @" (" B" 3" 'one
,efault 0alue7 'one
EF) is a field in 4P#& pa9ets for
identifying pa9et priority!
The 0alues 0 to 3 orrespond to the
eight le0els of the Co& poliy!
The 0alue 0 orresponds to =D!
The 0alue 1 orresponds to -+1!
The 0alue @ orresponds to -+@!
The 0alue ( orresponds to D+!
The 0alue B orresponds to C&B!
The 0alue 3 orresponds to C&3!

- larger 0alue indiates a higher pa9et
priority!
#&P 4ode Pipe" 5nifor/
,efault 0alue7 Pipe
NOTE
!%) Mode speifies the /ode in whih
the 4P#& networ9 proesses pa9et
priorities!
Pipe7 Indiates that the Co& poliy of

Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+or $pti% $&' e6uip/ent" this
para/eter an .e set to only
)i-e!
pa9ets does not need to .e restored
after tunnel la.els are peeled off!
5nifor/7
Indiates that the Co& poliy of
pa9ets needs to .e restored after
tunnel la.els are peeled off!
Table 1.7 -d0aned attri.utes of an 4&-PC
Control Cord

PCD3 DTH ser0ies7 'ot in
use and 5se preferred
CD& ser0ies7 5se re6uired
-T4 ser0ies7 'ot in use

and 5se re6uired
,efault 0alue7
PCD3 DTH ser0ies7 'ot in

use
CD& ser0ies7 5se re6uired
-T4 ser0ies7 5se re6uired

NOTE
para/eter an .e set to only Not
i use!
The Cotrol "ord para/eter speifies
the PC ontrol word usage poliy!
In -T4 $'D-to-$'D /ode" Cotrol
"ord /ust .e set to #se re?uired!
=efore hanging the para/eter 0alue
of a PC" you need to ensure that the
PC is not .ound with the ser0ie!
-fter the hange" you need to .ind the
PC with the ser0ie" and then he9
whether the para/eter 0alue is
hanged!
+or /ore infor/ation" see +igure 1-
1AA and +igure 1-200!
Control
Channel Type
'one" CC" -lert #a.el
,efault 0alue7 CC
NOTE
para/eter annot .e set to C"!
The Cotrol C$ael T/-e para/eter
speifies the type of hannels for
trans/itting 1CC1 pa9ets!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
+or PCD3 DTH ser0ies" Cotrol

C$ael T/-e for
PC%#<)PC%<-)PC%<= .oards
with PC=s of 1er!= an .e set to
C"I the default 0alue for Cotrol
C$ael T/-e is Alert !abel!

C$ael T/-e for
PC%#<)PC%<-)PC%<= .oards
with PC=s of 1er!- annot .e set to
C"I the default 0alue for Cotrol
C$ael T/-e is Alert !abel!

C$ael T/-e for PC%#%)PC%%
.oards an .e set to C"I the
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
default 0alue for Cotrol C$ael
T/-e is Alert !abel!
-fter the hange" you need to .ind the
PC with the ser0ie" and then he9
hanged!
1CC1
1erifiation
4ode
'one" Ping
,efault 0alue7 Ping
'CC' 'erificatio Mode speifies
the 0erifiation /ode for 0irtual iruit
onneti0ity 0erifiation (1CC1)
pa9ets!
=efore hanging a para/eter of a PC"
ensure that the PC is not .ound with
any ser0ie! -fter the hange" .ind the
PC with ser0ies" and then he9
hanged!
2e6uest 1#-' 1-@0A@" 'on-speified
,efault 0alue7 'on-speified
NOTE
para/eter is inapplia.le to an
4&-PC!
In the ase of stati PC" the loal
e6uip/ent adds the 1#-' tag to the
pa9ets when .efore PC
enapsulation! In the ase of the
dyna/i PC" the opposite e6uip/ent
adds the 1#-' tag to the pa9ets
.efore PC enapsulation if the loal
e6uip/ent annot add the 1#-' tag!
Chen the 2e6uest 1#-' para/eter is
set to 'on-speified" the pa9ets are
added with 0 1#-' tags!
Oou need to set the )" T/-e

para/eter to Et$eret Tagged
Mode!

-fter the hange" you need to .ind
the PC with the ser0ie" and then
he9 whether the para/eter 0alue
is hanged!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.2 CC struture of CD&oP&'
Figure 1.( CC struture of &-ToP
Co/pared with the CD&oP&'" the 4 .it is hanged into the 2&1 .it and the 2&1 .it is set to
the 0alue 0 in the &-ToP!
#+%& .STP
The 4ultiple &panning Tree Protool (4&TP) is a type of spanning tree protools! The 4&TP
is o/pati.le with the &TP and 2&TP" and the defets in the &TP and 2&TP are fi;ed in the
4&TP!
#+%&+# Introduction
This topi defines 4&TP and desri.es the purpose of this feature!
De6nition
The spanning tree protool (&TP) is used in networ9 loops! This protool uses algorith/s to
.rea9 a loop networ9 into a loop-free tree networ9 to pre0ent pa9ets fro/ yling endlessly
in the loop networ9! &ee +igure 1-201!
Figure 1.1 ,iagra/ of the &TP
Swith A
0oot. Swith A
Swith 3 Swith C
Swith A
Swith 3 Swith C
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The rapid spanning tree protool (2&TP) is an opti/i8ed 0ersion of &TP! 2&TP sta.ili8es
networ9 topology /ore 6ui9ly than &TP! 2&TP is o/pati.le with &TP! &TP pa9ets and
2&TP pa9ets an .e differentiated .y the .ridge that uses the 2&TP for alulating the
spanning tree!
Co/pared with &TP and 2&TP" 4&TP /a;i/i8es lin9 .andwidth usage .y setting up se0eral
independent spanning trees!
Purpose
&TP)2&TP /eets the following re6uire/ents7
-ny ati0ated .ridge topology an .e onfigured as a single spanning tree! 2edundant
data loops .etween two stations in a networ9 topology should .e re/o0ed!
The spanning tree topology an .e onfigured to protet against .ridge faults or route
interruptions! Te/porary data loops an .e pre0ented .y auto/atially aepting the
.ridges and .ridge ports of the .ridges that are newly added into the #-'!
- topology that has .een ati0ated an .e predited and repeated! In addition" the
topology an .e seleted .y /anaging algorith/ para/eters!
$perations to the end stations are transparent! +or e;a/ple" the end stations do not 9now
whether they are attahed to a single #-' or a .ridged #-'!
- s/all part of the a0aila.le lin9 .andwidth is used to reate and /aintain a spanning
tree! =andwidth does not inrease with the e;panding networ9 sale!
&TP)2&TP ha0e shorto/ings that ha0e .eo/e apparent as 1#-' tehnology has
de0eloped! -fter the &TP)2&TP is ena.led" a loop networ9 is .ro9en into a single spanning
tree and the .lo9ed lin9s do not arry any traffi! This wastes .andwidth!
4&TP has fi;ed this defet in &TP and 2&TP in addition to sta.ili8ing the networ9 topology!
4&TP pro0ides a load sharing /ehanis/ that ena.les the traffi of different 1#-'s to .e
trans/itted o0er their respeti0e trails!
4&TP di0ides a swithing networ9 into different regions" alled 4&T regions! 4ultiple
spanning trees that are independent of eah other e;ist in eah region! Dah spanning tree
is alled a /ultiple spanning tree instane (4&TI)!
Chen 4&TP is ena.led" 1#-' /apping ta.les speify the /apping relationships
.etween 1#-'s and 4&TIs! Dah 1#-' in an 4&T region orresponds to one 4&TI
and only this 4&TI an trans/it data for this 1#-'! $ne 4&TI" howe0er" /ay .e
/apped to /ultiple 1#-'s!
Consider the networ9 in +igure 1-202 as an e;a/ple! 1#-' 1 and 1#-' 2 pa9ets are
trans/itted o0er the networ9! Chen &TP)2&TP is ena.led" a single spanning tree that uses
swith - as the root swith is generated and the lin9s .etween swith = and swith C are
.lo9ed! Hene" the .andwidth of this lin9 is not utili8ed!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 #i/itations of the &TP)2&TP
S%itc .
S%itc 7 S%itc C
Spannin) tree
Root s%itc
&ost .
&ost 7 &ost C
7(oc-e! port
V,.N 1
V,.N 2
If 4&TP is ena.led and this networ9 is an 4&T region" then 1#-' 1 and 1#-' 2 are eah
/apped to an 4&TI! +igure 1-203 shows the networ9 topology! $n the ring7
4&TI 1 uses swith - as the root swith to forward pa9ets of 1#-' 1!
4&TI 2 uses swith C as the root swith to forward pa9ets of 1#-' 2!
,ifferent 1#-'s are forwarded o0er different trails and all 1#-' pa9ets are forwarded
orretly! #oad sharing is ahie0ed!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.2 4&TP i/pro0e/ent
>S'2 2 -Q V,.N 2
S%itc .
S%itc 7 S%itc C
V,.N 1
V,.N 2
&ost .
&ost 7 &ost C
S%itc .
S%itc 7 S%itc C
V,.N 1 V,.N 1
S%itc .
S%itc 7 S%itc C
V,.N 2
>S'2 1 -Q V,.N 1
V,.N 2
Root s%itc
The $pti% $&' (00 supports only the 4&TP that generates a o//on and internal spanning tree
(CI&T)! The $pti% $&' (00 does not support the load sharing funtion that is forwards pa9ets of
different 1#-'s o0er different trails!
-s shown in +igure 1-20@" when e6uip/ent uses two different trails to aess the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent" you an onfigure the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent ports onneted to the user networ9
into a port group! This port group" together with a swith on the user networ9" an run the
4&TP! If a ser0ie aess lin9 .eo/es faulty" 4&TP generates a spanning tree topology to
pro0ide protetion for a user networ9 that is onfigured with /ultiple aess points!
Copyright Huawei
BB0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.( Typial 4&TP senario on the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
C2S'
Root
Root
:ort )roup
7(oc-e! :ort
#+%&+% )asic Concepts
4&TP feature!
)asic Concepts o8 the STP
=ridge protool data unit (=P,5)
In the &TP" =P,5s are trans/itted .etween piees of e6uip/ent to deter/ine the
networ9 topology! The =P,5 ontains enough infor/ation that is re6uired for
o/puting the spanning tree! =P,5s are lassified into the following types7
N Configuration =P,5 (C=P,5)
The C=P,5 o/putes the spanning tree and /aintains the spanning tree topology! -
C=P,5 ontains the root .ridge I," root path ost" designated .ridge I," designated
port I," and related ti/ing infor/ation!
N Topology hange notifiation =P,5 (TC' =P,5)
The TC' =P,5 notifies the rele0ant e6uip/ent of the networ9 topology hange!
=ridge I,
The .ridge I, identifies a .ridge! The .ridge I, is B@-.it long! The /ost signifiant 1B
.its indiate the priority of the .ridge" and the less signifiant @* .its indiate the 4-C
address of a ertain .ridge port! In the &TP" the .ridge I, also indiates the priority of
the .ridge! Chen the .ridge I, is s/aller" the priority of the .ridge is higher!
Port I,
The port I, identifies a port on the .ridge! The port I, is 1B-.it long! The /ost
signifiant eight .its indiate the priority of the port" and the least signifiant eight .its
indiate the port nu/.er! In the &TP" the port I, also indiates the priority of the port!
Chen the 0alue of the port I, is s/aller" the priority of the port is higher!
2oot .ridge
In a networ9 that ena.les the &TP" only one root .ridge e;ists! The root .ridge is seleted
.ased on the running of the &TP! The .ridge with the s/allest .ridge I, is seleted as the
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root .ridge! Chen a networ9 that ena.les the &TP is sta.ili8ed" only the root .ridge
generates and trans/its C=P,5s periodially! The other .ridges only relay these
C=P,5s! Through this /ethod" a sta.le networ9 topology is ensured! If the networ9
topology hanges" the root .ridge /ay also hange!
2oot port
The root port refers to a port on the .ridge that trans/its)reei0es fra/es to)fro/ the root
.ridge! Dah non-root .ridge has only one root port! The root port is seleted .ased on
the running of the &TP! The port of a .ridge" root path ost of whih is the s/allest" is
seleted as the root port! If se0eral ports ha0e the s/allest root path ost" the port with
the s/allest port I, is seleted as the root port!
,esignated port
The designated port refers to a port of a #-' that trans/its)reei0es fra/es to)fro/ the
root .ridge! Dah #-' has only one designated port! The designated port is seleted
.ased on the running of the &TP! The port that is onneted to the #-' and whose root
path ost is the s/allest is seleted as the designated port! If se0eral ports ha0e the
s/allest root path ost and these ports are on different .ridges" the port on the .ridge that
has the s/allest I, is seleted as the designated port! If se0eral ports all of whih ha0e
the s/allest root path ost are on the sa/e .ridge" the port with the s/allest port I, is
seleted as the designated port!
Path ost
The path ost indiates the status of the networ9 to whih the port is onneted! Chen
the rate of the port is higher" the path ost is s/aller!
2oot path ost
The root path ost refers to the ost of the path fro/ a ertain port to the root .ridge!
That is" the root path ost is e6ual to the su/ of path ost 0alues of all the tra0ersed ports
fro/ this port to the root .ridge!
Port state
In a networ9 that ena.les the &TP" the port an .e in any of the following states7
N =lo9ing
- port in the .lo9ing state reei0es and proesses the =P,5 and does not trans/it
the =P,5! Chen a port is in the listening state" it neither learns the 4-C address nor
forwards the user pa9et!
N #istening
It is a transitional state! - port in the listening state trans/its" reei0es" and proesses
the =P,5! Chen a port is in the listening state" it neither learns the 4-C address nor
N #earning
It is a transitional state! - port in the learning state trans/its" reei0es" and proesses
the =P,5! Chen a port is in the learning state" it learns the 4-C address .ut does
not forward the user pa9et!
N +orwarding
- port in the forwarding state trans/its" reei0es" and proesses the =P,5! Chen a
port is in the forwarding state" it learns the 4-C address and forwards the user
pa9et!
N ,isa.led
- port in the disa.led state annot forward fra/es or i/ple/ent the spanning tree
algorith/ and &TP!
Ti/er
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Port ti/ers are lassified into the following types7
N Hold ti/er
The hold ti/er is used to /easure the inter0al .etween two C=P,5 trans/issions!
The ti/eout 0alue is e6ual to the Hold Ti/e of the .ridge!
N 4essage ti/er
The /essage age ti/er is used to /easure the age of the C=P,5 reorded .y a port!
Chen the age of the C=P,5 stored .y the .ridge e;eeds the 4essage -ge
para/eter" the .ridge disards this C=P,5! The 4essage -ge para/eter deter/ines
the initiali8ation age when the C=P,5 is stored in the .ridge! The 4essage -ge
para/eter is 0 when the root .ridge generates the C=P,5! Dah ti/e when the
pa9et is forwarded to a port" a fi;ed inre/ent 0alue is added to the 4essage -ge
para/eter!
N +orward delay ti/er
The forward delay ti/er is used to /easure the holding ti/e of a port in the listening
state and in the learning state! Chen the listening state re/ains for a period that is the
sa/e as the 0alue of the +orward ,elay para/eter" the port hanges to the learning
state! Chen the learning state re/ains for a period that is the sa/e as the 0alue of the
+orward ,elay para/eter" the port hanges to the forwarding state!
=ridge ti/ers are lassified into the following ategories7
N Hello ti/er
The hello ti/er is used to /easure the inter0al when the .ridge trans/its the C=P,5
pa9et! The ti/eout 0alue is the =ridge Hello Ti/e of the .ridge!
N TC' ti/er
The topology hange notifiation (TC') ti/er indiates the duration when the .ridge
periodially trans/its the TC'! The ti/er is used to notify the designated .ridge in
the #-' that is attahed to the root port of the .ridge of any deteted topology
hange! The ti/eout 0alue is the =ridge Hello Ti/e of the .ridge!
N Topology hange ti/er
Chen a TC' is reei0ed" the root .ridge trans/its another TC' after the topology
hange is o/plete and the ti/e period indiated .y the topology hange ti/er ti/es
out! The ti/eout 0alue is the Topology Change Ti/e of the .ridge!
The 4a; -ge" Hello Ti/e" and +orward ,elay para/eters that are used .y different .ridges are unified
to the 0alues of the three para/eters that are used .y the root .ridge" with C=P,5s trans/itted .etween
these .ridges!
Port Group
Chen /ultiple ports on the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent are onneted to the sa/e user networ9"
ena.le the 4&TP for these ports and the user networ9 to pre0ent the ourrene of loops!
These ports that are onneted to the user networ9 should .e first lassified as a port group"
and this port group is e6ui0alent to a .ridge where the 4&TP protool is running!
.STI
Cithin an 4&T region" there an .e /ultiple spanning trees" whih are independent of eah
other and orrespond to different 1#-'s! Dah spanning tree is referred to as an 4&TI!
-n 4&TI, is a two-.yte integer and identifies an 4&TI!
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CIST
The CI&T is generated through the o/putation of 2&TP algorith/s! The CI&T is a spanning
tree that onnets all the swithes within a swithing networ9!
#+%&+& Speci6cations
This setion pro0ides the speifiations of 4&TP!
Item Speci6cations
Type of
the
spanning
tree
protool
4&TP (default)
&TP
Type of
ports
supporting
the
spanning
tree
protool
5'I port
&tarting)&t
opping the
spanning
tree
protool
&upported
Euerying
the
running
infor/atio
n of the
spanning
tree
protool
&upported
-ppliatio
n sope of
the
spanning
tree
protool
-ll port groups on the .ridge on whih the spanning tree protool is ena.led
=ridge
para/eters

=ridge priority
=ridge ti/e para/eters suh as >ello Time" Forward ,ela/" and Max Age
Port
para/eters

Port priority
Para/eter for ena.ling)disa.ling an edge port
-uto/ati detetion para/eters and point-to-point attri.utes

Port group Ports on an 'D an .e di0ided into a /a;i/u/ of 1 port groups!
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Item Speci6cations
Port

- port supports a /a;i/u/ of 1 4&TIs!
$ne 'D an use a /a;i/u/ of 1B 4&TP ports!

The
default
0alue of
4&TI,
0
#+%&+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with 4&TP!
The 4&TP o/plies with IDDD *02!1s!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only the 4&TP that generates the CI&T!
#+%&+2 Availability
The 4ultiple &panning Tree Protool (4&TP) funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le
e6uip/ent and .oards!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
Copyright Huawei
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Version
Applicable Product
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
#+%&+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations and preautions for 4&TP at the networ9 design phase!
5imitation
Remar,s
Dntire feature IDDD *02!1ad .ridges do not
support 4&TP!
')-
Dntire feature The 4&TP funtion is supported
.y 5'I ports!
')-
Dntire feature $n the ''I side of 1P#& ser0ies"
the 4&TP funtion annot .e used!
')-
#+%&+* Principles
This setion desri.es the i/ple/entation priniple of 4&TP!
STP Alorithm
The &TP algorith/ is run as follows7
1! In the initiali8ation state" all the ports on all the .ridges are in the listening state! In this
ase" eah port generates the C=P,5" and the C=P,5 onsiders the .ridge where the
port resides as the root .ridge and the root path ost 0alue is 0! Dah port trans/its the
C=P,5 periodially" and the period is e6ual to the 0alue of the Hello Ti/e of the .ridge!
2! Dah .ridge o/pares the infor/ation of the C=P,5 that is reei0ed on the port with
the C=P,5 infor/ation that is stored .y that port!
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The .ridge o/pares C=P,5 infor/ation as follows7
a! The .ridge o/pares the root .ridge I,s! Chen the root .ridge I, is s/aller" the
priority is higher!
.! If the root .ridge I,s are the sa/e" the .ridge o/pares the root path ost 0alues!
Chen the root path ost 0alue is s/aller" the 6uality is .etter!
! If the root path ost 0alues are the sa/e" the .ridge o/pares the designated .ridge
I,s! Chen the designated .ridge I, is s/aller" the 6uality is .etter!
d! If the designated .ridge I,s are the sa/e" the .ridge o/pares the designated port
I,s! Chen the designated port I, is .etter" the 6uality is .etter!
3! If the infor/ation of the C=P,5 that is reei0ed on the port is .etter" the .ridge replaes
the infor/ation of the C=P,5 that is originally stored .y the port! If the root .ridge I,
or the root path ost 0alue in the infor/ation of the C=P,5 that replaes the infor/ation
of the C=P,5 originally stored .y the port" the .ridge needs to proess it as follows7
N The .ridge stores the infor/ation of the C=P,5 (inluding the root .ridge I," root
path ost" 4essage -ge" and orresponding ti/ers)!
N The .ridge updates the root .ridge I, and root path ost (the root path ost of the
.ridge is e6ual to the su/ of the root path ost of the port that stores the C=P,5 and
the root path ost of the port that reei0es the C=P,5)!
N The designated port updates the designated root .ridge and the root path ost at the
sa/e ti/e (the root path ost of the designated port is e6ual to the su/ of the root
path ost of the .ridge and the path ost of the designated port)!
N The designated port relays the C=P,5!
If the infor/ation of the C=P,5 that is reei0ed at the port is worse than the C=P,5
infor/ation that is originally stored .y the port" the port trans/its the C=P,5 that is
stored as a response!
@! If a .ridge /aintains a root .ridge I, that is the sa/e as its .ridge I, and the root path
ost is 0" this .ridge is the root .ridge! The root .ridge sets the path ost of eah port on
it to 0!
(! If a .ridge is a non-root .ridge" it onsiders the port that reei0es the .est C=P,5
infor/ation as the root port!
B! If a .ridge is a non-root .ridge" it onsiders any of the following ports as the designated
port7
N The .ridge I, and port I, of a port are the sa/e as the designated .ridge I, and port
I, that are reorded .y the port respeti0ely!
N The root .ridge I, that is reorded .y the port is different fro/ the root .ridge I, of
the .ridge!
N The root path ost 0alue of a port (na/ely" the su/ of the root path ost 0alue of the
.ridge and the path ost 0alue of the port) is s/aller than the root path ost 0alue that
is reorded .y the port!
N The root path ost 0alue of a port is the sa/e as the root path ost 0alue that is
reorded .y the port" .ut the .ridge I, is s/aller than the designated .ridge I, of the
port!
N The root path ost 0alue of a port is the sa/e as the root path ost 0alue reorded .y
the port" and the .ridge I, is the sa/e as the designated .ridge I, of the port! The
port I," howe0er" is s/aller than the designated I, of the port!
3! Chen the ti/e period indiated .y the +orward ,elay para/eter set for the listening
state ti/er of the port elapses" the root port and the designated port hange to the
learning state! Chen the learning state re/ains for a period that is the sa/e as the 0alue
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of the +orward ,elay para/eter" the root port and the designated port hange to the
forwarding state! The other ports hange to the .lo9ing state!
*! If a trail .eo/es faulty" the root port on this trail no longer reei0es new C=P,5s!
Therefore" the original C=P,5 is disarded due to ti/eout! In this ase" the spanning
tree is o/puted again" and a new trail will .e generated to replae the faulty trail"
therefore restoring the onneti0ity of the networ9!
Improvement in the RSTP
Co/pared with the &TP" the 2&TP is i/pro0ed as follows7
Classifiation of port roles
The port roles in the 2&TP are further lassified into the following types7 root port"
designated port" alternate port" and .a9up port! The alternate port refers to a port that is
.lo9ed .eause the =P,5 trans/itted .y another .ridge is learnt! The .a9up port
refers to a port that is .lo9ed .eause the =P,5 trans/itted .y the .ridge where the
port resides is learnt!
Classifiation of port states
The .lo9ing" listening" and disa.led states are o/.ined into the disarding state in the
2&TP!
Eui9 /igration .etween port states
To support the 6ui9 /igration .etween port states" the point-to-point attri.ute of a port
and edge port are defined in the 2&TP!
N Point-to-point attri.ute
The point-to-point attri.ute of a port an .e set to adapti0e onnetion" shared /edia"
or lin9 onnetion! If the attri.ute of a port is set to adapti0e onnetion" the .ridge
deter/ines the atual point-to-point attri.ute of the port aording to the atual
wor9ing /ode of the port! If the port wor9s in full-duple; /ode" the atual point-to-
point attri.ute of the port is ?True?! If the port wor9s in half-duple; /ode" the atual
point-to-point attri.ute of the port is ?+alse?! If the point-to-point attri.ute of a port is
set to shared /edia" the atual point-to-point attri.ute of the port is ?+alse?! If the
point-to-point attri.ute of a port is set to lin9 onnetion" the atual point-to-point
attri.ute is ?True?! $nly the root port or designated port whose atual port-to-point
attri.ute is ?True? an trans/it the rapid state /igration re6uest and response!
N Ddge port
The edge port refers to a .ridge port that is onneted only to the #-'! If a port is set
as an edge port and this port does not reei0e the =P,5" the port is an atual edge
port! If the port role of this edge port is a designated port" the atual port state an .e
6ui9ly /igrated!
The 6ui9 /igration .etween port states an .e lassified into the 6ui9 /igration
.etween root port states" 6ui9 /igration .etween designated port states" 6ui9 /igration
.etween alternate port states" and 6ui9 /igration .etween .a9up port states!
N Eui9 /igration .etween root port states
If the urrent root port does not play its root port role (for e;a/ple" when the port is
faulty or the reei0ed =P,5 hanges) and hanges to the disarding state" the
opti/al stand.y port 6ui9ly hanges to the forwarding state!
N Eui9 /igration .etween designated port states
If an edge port funtions as a designated port" the port hanges to the forwarding state
without any delay!
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The designated port the atual point-to-point attri.ute of whih is ?True? an reali8e
6ui9 /igration .etween port states through rapid swithing .etween the re6uest
proess and the response proess!
N Eui9 /igration .etween alternate port states and .a9up port states
The alternate port and the .a9up port hange to the disarding state without any
delay!
Computation o8 the CIST
The .ridge I,s ontained in the reei0ed =P,5s are o/pared" and the .ridge with the
s/allest I, is seleted as the root .ridge of the CI&T! Co/puted through the running of the
2&TP algorith/" the CI&T is a spanning tree that onnets all the .ridges in a #-'!
The CI&T alulates the spanning trees as follows7
1! Co/pares the e6uip/ent identifiers of all 'Ds on the networ9 to selet an 'D as the
CI&T root!
2! &elets a root port on the C&T! In the ase of the &TP)2&TP" the seletion is .ased on the
root path ost! In the ase of the 4&TP" the seletion is .ased on the e;ternal root path
ost! Calulation of the e;ternal root path ost ignores the fator of the internal ost of
the 4&T region! If the ost is the sa/e" the upstrea/ e6uip/ent identifier" I, of the port
onneted to the upstrea/ e6uip/ent" and I, of the reei0e port are o/pared in
se6uene to selet the .est path! This is si/ilar to that of the 2&TP!
3! &elets a designated port for the networ9 seg/ent on the C&T to pro0ide the .est path
leading to the CI&T root for the networ9 seg/ent! -ny port other than the root port or
designated port .eo/es an alternate port or .a9up port!
@! In eah 4&T region" the .ridge that is losest to the CI&T root .ridge .eo/es the I&T
root .ridge for the 4&T region" that is" the CI&T regional root for the 4&T region! If the
CI&T root is .eyond the region" the CI&T root is the CI&T regional root for the region!
(! &elets root ports for the .ridges that are not CI&T regional roots in the 4&T region! -
root port pro0ides the .est path leading to the CI&T regional root (not CI&T root)!
B! &elets a designated port for the networ9 seg/ent on the 4&T region to pro0ide the .est
path leading to the CI&T regional root for the onneted networ9 seg/ent!
3! - port not a root port or designated port .eo/es an alternate port or .a9up port!
,uring priority-.ased seletion" the priority inreases as the path ost" e6uip/ent identifier" or port
identifier dereases!
Computation o8 the .STI $3ptiI 3SN 22"(
The 4&TP separately alulates the root .ridge for eah 4&TI and sets the port status! That
is" eah 4&TI uses a separate 2&TP algorith/ to alulate a separate spanning tree!
The 4&TI alulates spanning trees as follows7
1! &elets an 4&TI regional root for the 4&TI" whih is si/ilar to the root .ridge of the
2&TP! The seletion is .ased on the e6uip/ent identifier onfigured at the 4&TI! The
e6uip/ent identifier onsists of two parts" that is" .ridge priority and 4-C address! The
priority inreases as the 0alue dereases!
2! &elets a root port for the non-root e6uip/ent of the 4&TI! The root port pro0ides the
.est path leading to the 4&TI regional root! The seletion is .ased on the internal path
ost! If /ultiple ports pro0ide the sa/e path ost" the upstrea/ e6uip/ent identifier" I,
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of the port onneted to the upstrea/ e6uip/ent" and I, of the reei0e port are
o/pared in se6uene to selet the .est path!
3! - designated port pro0ides the .est path fro/ the onneted networ9 seg/ent to the
4&TI regional root!
@! &elets an alternate port and a .a9up port!
#+%&+1 Con6urin .STP
This topi desri.es how to onfigure 4&TP!
#+%&+1+# Creatin the .STP Port Group
Chen the 'D needs to run the 4&TP protool together with the user networ9" the ports on the
'D that are onneted to the user networ9 need to .e onfigured as a port group! -ll the
/e/.ers in the port group are in0ol0ed in the spanning tree algorith/ of the user networ9!
PrereBuisites
The .oards where the /e/.er ports are loated /ust .e added in NE )ael!
52000
Procedure
Cofiguratio > Et$eret )rotocol Cofiguratio > M%T) Cofiguratio fro/ the
+untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the )ort 9rou- )arameters ta.!
Step & Cli9 Create! The Create )ort 9rou- dialog .o; is displayed!
Then" the Create )ort 9rou- dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 &et the attri.utes of the port group!
1! &et )rotocol T/-e and Eable )rotocol!
2! &elet the .oard where the /e/.er port is loated fro/ the drop-down list of Board
under A--l/ )ort!
3! &elet the /e/.er port fro/ A&ailable )ort !ist! Then" li9
!
To selet /ore than one port at a ti/e" press and hold the Ctrl 9ey or the %$ift 9ey when seleting the
ports!
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@! Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+%&+1+% Settin the )ride Parameters o8 the .STP
This topi desri.es how to set the .ridge para/eters and port para/eters of the 4&TP!
PrereBuisites
The port group /ust .e reated!
52000
Procedure
+untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the Bridge )arameters ta.!
Step & &elet the port group I,!
Step 0 In the lower part of the interfae" li9 Bridge )arameters ta.!
Step 2 &et the attri.utes of the .ridge!
Step 4 Cli9 A--l/!
Step * Cli9 the )ort )arameter ta.!
Step 1 &et the para/eters of eah /e/.er of the port group!
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Step / Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+%&+1+& Settin the Parameters o8 the CIST
This topi desri.es how to set the CI&T para/eters" inluding the .ridge priority" port
priority" and path o0erheads!
PrereBuisites
The port group /ust .e reated!
52000
Procedure
+untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the C1%TGM%T1 )arameters ta.!
Step & &elet the port group fro/ the drop-down list of )ort 9rou-!
Step 0 &et the para/eters of the port group!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/!
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....Ed
#+%&+1+0 Chanin the Spannin Tree Protocol Used by the
Port Group
Chen the spanning tree protool is upgraded (for e;a/ple" fro/ the &TP protool to the
4&TP protool) for the e6uip/ent that runs the spanning tree together with the loal 'D" you
need to hange the spanning tree protool used .y the port group on the loal 'D to .e the
sa/e!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
+untion Tree!
Step & &elet the target protool type fro/ the )rotocol T/-e drop-down list of the port group whose
spanning tree protool needs to .e hanged!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+%&+1+2 :nablinADisablin the .STP Protocol
This topi desri.es how to ena.le or disa.le the 4&TP protool of a port group or /e/.ers
of the port group!
PrereBuisites
52000
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Procedure
+untion Tree!
Step & &elet Eabled or ,isabled fro/ the Eable )rotocol drop-down list of the port group for
whih the 4&TP protool needs to .e ena.led or disa.led!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/!
Step 2 &elet Eabled or ,isabled fro/ the Eable )rotocol drop-down list in )ort 9rou- to
ena.le or disa.le the 4&TP protool of a port!
Step 4 Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+%&+1+4 <ueryin the CIST Runnin In8ormation
Euery the CI&T running infor/ation to 9now the operation status of the 4&TP protool on
the port group!
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e an '4 user with ?'D /onitor? authority or higher!
52000
Procedure
+untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the C1%T 2uig 1formatio ta.! The upper pane lists infor/ation on the .ridge
status of the port group" whih wor9s as a .ridge where the 4&TP is running! The lower pane
lists infor/ation on the status of eah port in the port group!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
B3@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%&+/ Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure 4ultiple &panning Tree
Protool (4&TP) .ased on the onditions of the networ9!
#+%&+/+# Case Description
This setion onsiders an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the 4ultiple &panning Tree
Protool (4&TP) funtion!
Service ReBuirement
-s shown in +igure 1-20(" 'D1" #-' swith 1" and #-' swith 2 run the 4&TPa protool!
The Dthernet port on #-' swith 1 is onneted to port 1 on the D4BT .oard in slot @ of
'D1!
The Dthernet port on #-' swith 2 is onneted to port 2 on the D4BT .oard in slot @ of
'D1!
-fter the port group is onfigured for 'D1" 'D1 runs the 4&TP protool together with #-'
swith 1 and #-' swith 2 on the aess side" onsidering #-' swith 1 as the root! In this
/anner" no loops will .e generated on the networ9 on the aess side and therefore the
protetion for the networ9 is reali8ed!
a7 The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only the 4&TP that generates the CI&T!
N51
Root
:ort )roup
,.N S%ic 1
,.N S%ic 2
No!e7
RNC
No!e7
No!e7
5'&
5'&
5'&
Copyright Huawei
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Service Plannin
Table 1.1 Para/eters of an 4&TP port group
Parameter N:#
Protool Type 4&TP
Dna.le Protool Dna.led
a
=oard where the /e/.er ports are loated @-D4BT
4e/.er ports @-D4BT-1
@-D4BT-2
a7 It is reo//ended that you set Eable )rotocol to ,isabled when reating an 4&TP port group and
that you set Eable )rotocol to Eabled after all the 4&TP para/eters are set! In this /anner" the
possi.le i/pats on the 4&TP protool are pre0ented in the ase of /odifiations to the 4&TP
para/eters!
Table 1.2 =ridge para/eters
Parameter N:#
'etwor9 ,ia/eter 3
Hello Ti/e(s) 2
4a; -ge(s) 20
+orward ,elay(s) 1(
Dna.le Ddge -ttri.ute ,isa.led
Point-to-Point -ttri.ute auto
4a; Trans/it Pa9et Count 3
Table 1.( CI&T Para/eter
Parameter N:#
=ridge Priority 323B*
Port Priority 12*
Path Cost 200000
#+%&+/+% Con6uration Process
This setion desri.es how to onfigure 4ultiple &panning Tree Protool (4&TP)!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Procedure
Step # &ee 1!23!*!1 Creating the 4&TP Port <roup and reate the 4&TP port group!
The 0alues for the rele0ant para/eters of 'D1 are pro0ided as follows!
Protool Type 4&TP
Dna.le Protool ,isa.led
=oard @-D4BT
&eleted Port #ist @-D4BT-1
@-D4BT-2
Step % &ee 1!23!*!2 &etting the =ridge Para/eters of the 4&TP and set .ridge para/eters of the
4&TP!
'etwor9 ,ia/eter 3
Hello Ti/e(s) 2
4a; -ge(s) 20
+orward ,elay(s) 1(
Dna.le Ddge -ttri.ute ,isa.led
Point-to-Point -ttri.ute auto
4a; Trans/it Pa9et Count 3
Step & &ee 1!23!*!3 &etting the Para/eters of the CI&T and set the CI&T para/eters!
=ridge Priority 323B*
Priority 12*
Path Cost 200000
Step 0 &ee 1!23!*!( Dna.ling),isa.ling the 4&TP Protool and ena.le or disa.le the 4&TP protool!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Protool Type Dna.led
....Ed
#+%&+#" Related Alarms and :vents
There are no alar/s or perfor/ane e0ents rele0ant to 4&TP!
#+%&+## Parameter DescriptionD .STP Con6uration
Parameters
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for onfiguring 4&TP ser0ies!
#+%&+##+# .STP Port Con6uration Parameters
This topi desri.es the para/eters for onfiguring an 4&TP port!
Table 1.1 4&TP port onfiguration para/eters
Port <roup I, D;a/ple7 1 ,isplays the I, of the port
group!
The $pti% $&' (00
supports only the auto/ati
alloation of port group I,s!
Protool Type 4&TP" &TP
,efault7 4&TP
&peifies the type of 4&TP
protool!
Dna.le Protool ,isa.led" Dna.led
,efault7 Dna.led
This para/eter &peifies
whether to ena.le the
protool for the port group
or a /e/.er port in the port
group!
If the &panning Tree
Protool (&TP) is ena.led"
the topology is regenerated
and ser0ies are interrupted!
3)
,isplays a port in the port
group!
#+%&+##+% .STP )ride Con6uration Parameters
This topi desri.es the para/eters for onfiguring an 4&TP .ridge!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 4&TP .ridge onfiguration para/eters
Port <roup I, D;a/ple7 1 ,isplays the I, of the port
group!
The $pti% $&' (00
supports only the auto/ati
alloation of port group I,s!
4&T ,o/ain 'a/e 32-.yte string inluding the
ending harater
D;a/ple7 4&T 2egion 01
,efault7 4-C address of
the .ridge
na/e of the 4&T do/ain!
M%T ,omai Name is set
to the sa/e 0alue for all the
'Ds in one 4&T do/ain!
If you rena/e an 4&T
do/ain" the networ9
topology hanges
aordingly!
2edation #e0el 0-B((3(
,efault7 0
/odifiation le0el!
2edactio !e&el and
Ma--ig !ist are set to the
sa/e 0alues for all the 'Ds
in one 4&T do/ain!
If you hange the
/odifiation le0el of an
4&T do/ain" the networ9
topology hanges
aordingly!
4apping #ist $pti% $&' (007 -
$pti% $&' ((07
1-@0A@
,efault7 -
&peifies the /apping list!
$pti% $&' (007 The

$pti% $&' (00 does not
support this para/eter!
$pti% $&' ((07 If you

/odify the onfiguration
of an 1#-' /apping
ta.le" the networ9
topology hanges
aordingly!
4&T ,o/ain 4a; Hop
Count
1-@0
,efault7 20
/a;i/u/ nu/.er of hops in
an 4&T do/ain!
The /a;i/u/ nu/.er of
hops in an 4&T do/ain
deter/ines the si8e of the
4&T do/ain!
'etwor9 ,ia/eter 2-3
,efault7 3
networ9 dia/eter!
The networ9 dia/eter
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
/easures the path that
o/prises the /a;i/u/
nu/.er of swithes and is
represented .y the nu/.er
of the swithes on the path!
The networ9 dia/eter is a
para/eter indiating the
networ9 si8e! The larger the
networ9 dia/eter" the larger
the networ9 si8e! This
para/eter is 0alid for CI&T
.ut not 4&TI! -fter you set
the networ9 dia/eter for a
swith" the 4&TP perfor/s
the auto/ati alulation
and set >ello Time"
Forward ,ela/" and Max
Age to their opti/al 0alues!
Hello Ti/e(s) 1-10
,efault7 2
&peifies the inter0al for
trans/itting hello pa9ets!
This para/eter is used to
he9 whether the lin9 is
faulty! - swith trans/its
hello pa9ets to the near.y
swithes at the speified
inter0al to he9 whether
any lin9s are faulty!
NOTE
It is reo//ended that you
opti/i8e the .ridge ti/e
para/eters .y setting the
networ9 dia/eter rather than
diretly setting the .ridge
ti/e para/eters suh as
Forward ,ela/" >ello
Time" and Max Age!
If you set the .ridge ti/e
para/eters" the networ9
dia/eter will .eo/e an
in0alid 0alue!
The Forward ,ela/" >ello
Time" and Max Age
para/eters should /eet the
following onstraints7 2 ;
(>ello Time L 1) W Max
Age W 2 ; (Forward ,ela/ -
1)!
4a; -ge(s) B-@0
,efault7 20
&peifies the /a;i/u/
lifeti/e for 4&TP pa9ets at
a port! Chen an 4&TP
pa9et reahes the /a;i/u/
lifeti/e" the swith disards
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
the 4&TP pa9et!
The larger the 0alue" the
longer the trans/ission
distane of an 4&TP pa9et!
In addition" a longer
trans/ission indiates a
larger networ9 dia/eter! If
the 0alue of this para/eter is
great" the .ridge annot
detet a lin9 fault
i//ediately" resulting in a
poor networ9 adapta.ility!
+orward ,elay(s) @-30
,efault7 1(
&peifies the forward delay!
This para/eter is used when
the .ridge status shifts -
lin9 fault /ay ause
realulation of the spanning
tree! Then" the spanning tree
is restrutured! The new
onfiguration /essage that
is realulated" howe0er"
annot .e trans/itted o0er
the entire networ9
i//ediately! If the root port
that is newly seleted and
speified port restart to
forward data i//ediately"
transient path loops /ay .e
generated! Therefore" the
protool uses a new state
/igration /ehanis/! That
is" a /ediu/ state is reated!
$nly after this /ediu/ state
is delayed .y issuing
+orward ,elay para/eter"
this /ediu/ state /igrates
to the forwarding state! In
the forwarding state" data on
the root port and the
speified port is re-
transferred! The delay of this
/ediu/ state ensures that
the onfiguration /essage
gained .y re-alulating is
transferred to the entire
networ9!
The larger the 0alue" the
longer the delay of the
networ9 state hange!
Therefore" the topology
hanges slower and reo0ery
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
fro/ a fault is slower!
3)
,isplays the port!
Dna.le Ddge -ttri.ute ,isa.led" Dna.led
,efault7 ,isa.led
/anage/ent edge attri.ute
of a port!
-n edge port is not
onneted to any swithes
diretly or through the
onneted networ9! If you
designate a port as an edge
port" this port an transit
fro/ the .lo9ing state to
the forwarding state without
any delay! Oou an set a port
that is onneted to a
ter/inal as an edge port!
-tual Ddge -ttri.ute ,isa.led ,isplays the atual
/anage/ent edge attri.ute
of a port!
Point-to-Point -ttri.ute -uto" +alse" True
,efault7 -uto
&peifies the point-to-point
attri.ute of a port!
- point-to-point lin9 diretly
onnets two swithes! If
you set a port to onnet to a
point-to-point or non-point-
to-point lin9" the port in all
the spanning tree instanes
is onneted to a point-to-
point or non-point-to-point
lin9! If a port is not
physially onneted to a
point-to-point lin9 .ut you
onfigure the physial lin9
as a fored point-to-point
lin9 .y /ista9e" a te/porary
loop /ay our!
-uto7 auto/atially
deteted point-to-point
lin9 attri.ute
+alse7 fored non-point-to-

point lin9 attri.ute
True7 fored point-to-point

lin9 attri.ute
-tual Point-to-Point
-ttri.ute
True" +alse ,isplays the atual point-to-
point attri.ute of a port!
4a; Trans/it Pa9et Count 1-2(( ,isplays or speifies the
Copyright Huawei
B*2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
,efault7 3 /a;i/u/ nu/.er of
pa9ets to .e trans/itted!
pa9ets to .e trans/itted .y
the port refers to the
/a;i/u/ nu/.er of 4&TP
pa9ets that the port an
trans/it within a hello ti/e!
pa9ets to .e trans/itted .y
an Dthernet port is
deter/ined .y the physial
state of the Dthernet port and
the networ9 struture! Oou
an set this para/eter as
re6uired! If the 0alue of this
para/eter is great" a large
nu/.er of 4&TP pa9ets
are trans/itted within a
hello ti/e! Conse6uently"
e;essi0e networ9 resoures
are used!
#+%&+##+& CIST Parameters
This topi desri.es the CI&T para/eters for onfiguring an 4&TP port!
Table 1.1 CI&T para/eters
Port <roup D;a/ple7 Port group 1 &peifies the port group!
4&TI I, 0 ,isplays the 4&TI I,!
The 0alue 0 indiates CI&T!
=ridge Priority 0 to B1@@0" with inre/ents
of @0AB
,efault7 323B*
priority of a .ridge!
The priority of the .ridge
deter/ines whether the
swith an funtion as the
root .ridge of the spanning
tree! =y setting the .ridge
priority to a s/aller 0alue"
you an speify a swith as
the root of the spanning tree!
- swith that supports the
4&TP an ha0e different
priorities in different
instanes of the spanning
Copyright Huawei
B*3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
tree!
3)
,isplays a port in the port
group!
Priority 0 to 2@0" with inre/ents of
1B
,efault7 12*
priority of a port!
In the o/putation proess
of the spanning tree" the port
priority is an i/portant
fator that deter/ines the
role of the port! $n a swith
that supports the 4&TP" a
port an ha0e different
priorities in different
tree and an funtion as
different roles in these
instanes! -s a result" the
data in different 1#-'s an
.e trans/itted on different
physial paths so load an .e
.alaned .y 1#-'!
Path Cost 1-200000000
,efault for a <D port7

20000
,efault for an +D port7

200000
path ost of a port!
The path ost is assoiated
with the rate of the lin9 that
is onneted to the port! $n
a swith that supports the
4&TP" a port in different
tree an ha0e different path
osts! If you set the path
ost appropriately" traffi in
different 1#-'s an .e
forwarded o0er different
physial lin9s so load an .e
.alaned .y 1#-'!
#+%0 PR)S
fault loating!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%0+# Introduction
=oards with D1 ports pro0ide the pseudo-rando/ .inary se6uene (P2=&) funtional /odule"
whih is used for networ9 self-test and /aintenane! Oou an deter/ine whether the wor9ing
hannel on the 5'I)''I side is nor/al" depending on whether .it errors are deteted in a
P2=& test!
The P2=& funtional /odule is e6ui0alent to a si/ple instru/ent that trans/its and reei0es
unfra/ed ser0ies!
=it errors deteted .y the P2=& funtional /odule help diagnose the faults on ser0ie paths
and loate the faults on fi.ers or .oards! =y using the P2=& funtion" you an analy8e the
loal 'D and the entire networ9! Therefore" you an perfor/ a test without a real instru/ent
during the deploy/ent or fault loating!
#+%0+% Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the apaity of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent for supporting P2=&!
Item Speci6cations
P2=& insertion diretion 5'I
''I
P2=& fra/e /ode 'o +ra/e
,uration 1 to 2((
4easured in ti/e s" 10/in" h
#+%0+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
There are no standards or protools that P2=& o/plies with!
#+%0+0 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the P2=& feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
Copyright Huawei
B*(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
!ard7are Support
!ard7are Version
Applicable Product
4,1

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
#+%0+2 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for P2=& in the networ9 design
phase!
Applicable 3b=ect Dependency and 5imitation Details
P2=& The P2=& test is used only when you o//ission the
e6uip/ent or loate a fault! Chen a P2=& test is perfor/ed"
the ser0ies arried .y the tested path are una0aila.le!
P2=& The P2=& test annot .e used when a protetion she/e is
onfigured! The P2=& test an .e used for testing hannels
only when no atual ser0ies e;ist!
P2=& Dah .oard supports the P2=& test on only one path and in
only one diretion at one ti/e!
#+%0+4 Principles
-n 'D that pro0ides the P2=& funtion an .e used as a si/ple instru/ent! Oou an
deter/ine whether a ser0ie path is faulty depending on the deteted .it errors!
The P2=& funtion is reali8ed as follows7
1! $n the '4&" a user issues the o//and to perfor/ a loop.a9 on the path or port that is
at the opposite end of the .oard to .e tested!
2! $n the '4&" the user issues the o//and to ena.le the P2=& funtion on the path or
port to .e tested!
3! The .oard perfor/s the P2=& funtion and onduts statisti analysis!
@! The .oard reports the P2=& test results!
(! The user 6ueries the P2=& statistis!
B! The user anels the loop.a9!
+igure 1-20B shows the typial signal flow when a loal ser0ie is reei0ed! Oou an loop
.a9 the ser0ie" ena.le the P2=&" and test the ser0ie in the 5'I or ''I diretion!
Copyright Huawei
B*B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+or on0eniene of desription" this e;a/ple uses the 4,1 .oard to onnet the user side and the D4B+
.oard to onnet the networ9 side! Oou /ay use other .oards aording to atual onditions!
Figure 1.1 Typial ser0ie signal flow
Connecte! to
re"ote net%or-
e?uip"ent
-D&
Cross,o!!et
8oar#
O0'
2N
E-6;
RX
'X
Connecte! to
(oca( user
e?uip"ent
+igure 1-203 shows the signal flow of a P2=& test!
Figure 1.2 P2=& test signal flow

-D&
Cross,o!!et
8oar#
O0'
2N
E-6;
,oop for a :R7S test in te 0N2 !irection
+03S
)o#u"e
,oop for a :R7S test in te NN2 !irection
RX
'X
A PR)S Test in the UNI Direction
- P2=& test in the 5'I diretion he9s whether the tested port wor9s properly! The P2=&
generator trans/its fi;ed P2=&s to the T; port and reei0es P2=&s fro/ the 2; port on the
tested path! &ee +igure 1-20*! Chen you perfor/ a P2=& test in the 5'I diretion" note the
following7
The tested port is looped using a a.le!
'o ross-onnet ser0ie needs to .e onfigured for the tested port!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 P2=& test in the 5'I diretion
-D&
+03S
ge!erator
+03S
reei(er
Ca8"e
'X
RX
PR)S Test in the NNI Direction
- P2=& test in the ross-onnet diretion he9s whether the paths in the ross-onnet and
''I diretion are nor/al after a loal ser0ie is reei0ed! The .oard trans/its fi;ed P2=&s to
the ross-onnet diretion on the tested path and reei0es the P2=&s in the downstrea/
diretion of the tested path! &ee +igure 1-20A! Chen you perfor/ a P2=& test in the ''I
diretion" note the following7
Cross-onnet ser0ies need to .e onfigured for the tested port!
-fter the tested ser0ie passes the ross-onnet .oard" the ser0ie needs to .e looped
.a9 (deter/ine the loop.a9 position and le0el aording to the atual situation)! Oou
an test the orresponding ross-onnet setion depending on the loop.a9 position!
Figure 1.1 - P2=& test in the ''I diretion
2n(oop on te (oca( 5>DF $oar!
&ar!%are (oop on an optica( port of te
(oca( 5>DF $oar!
0e)ote NE
E-6;
Out(oop on an optica( port of te re"ote

5>DF $oar!
Loa" NE
-D&
+03S
ge!erator
+03S
reei(er
Cross,o!!et 8oar#
O0'
2N
E-6;
#+%0+* Per8ormin a PR)S Test

The P2=& test is an i/portant /ethod used for networ9 self-he9 and networ9 /aintenane!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
PrereBuisites
52000
Conte9t
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports P2=& tests in the 5'I and ''I diretions!
- P2=& test in the 5'I diretion he9s the a.le onnetions .etween the 4,1 .oard and
the ,,+" as shown in +igure 1-210!
Figure 1.1 - P2=& test in the 5'I diretion
-D&
+03S
ge!erator
+03S
reei(er
Ca8"e
'X
RX
- P2=& test in the ''I diretion he9s the a.le onnetions .etween the loal aess unit
and the re/ote 'D" as shown in +igure 1-211!
Figure 1.2 - P2=& test in the ''I diretion
2n(oop on te (oca( 5>DF $oar!
&ar!%are (oop on an optica( port of te
(oca( 5>DF $oar!
0e)ote NE
E-6;
Out(oop on an optica( port of te re"ote

5>DF $oar!
Loa" NE
-D&
+03S
ge!erator
+03S
reei(er
Cross,o!!et 8oar#
O0'
2N
E-6;

Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Precautions
,uring a P2=& test" the ser0ies in the tested path are interrupted!
The P2=& test an only .e onduted on one path and in one diretion!
+or CD&oP&' CD& ser0ies" the P2=& test an only to onduted to all ser0ies in
ti/eslots 1 to 31 on the 5'I or ''I side!
+or &-ToP CD& ser0ies" during a P2=& test on the ''I side" the D1 port arrying the
ser0ies will report the #$$PH-#4 alar/!
Procedure
Step # &et loop.a9s at proper loations! +or details" see +igure 1-210 and +igure 1-211!
Step % In the 'D D;plorer" selet a .oard with D1 ports!
Step & Choose Cofiguratio > )2B% Test fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step 0 &elet the port to .e tested and set )2B% 1sertio ,irectio and )2B% Frame Mode!
Step 2 &et ,uratio and Measured i Time!
The P2=& test supports three ti/e units7 one seond" 10 /inutes" and one hour!
- P2=& test an .e perfor/ed for a /a;i/u/ of 2(( test yles!
Step 4 O-tioal= &elet Accumulatig Mode!
Step * Cli9 %tart to Test!
The syste/ displays a pro/pt dialog .o;!
Step 1 Cli9 OK!
Step / Chen )rocess is displayed as 166;" li9 +uer/ to he9 the test result!
The result of a P2=& test an .e nor/al" error" or in0alid!
In0alid7 Indiates that no .it is reei0ed! The ur0e should .e yellow!
'or/al7 Indiates that the path is wor9ing properly! The nu/.er of P2=&s should .e 8ero and the
ur0e should .e green!
Drror7 Indiates that the path has errors! The nu/.er of total P2=&s should .e greater than 8ero and
the ur0e should .e red!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%0+1 Con6uration :9ample
This topi desri.es how to onfigure P2=& tests on the 52000!
#+%0+1+# Case Description
This topi onsiders an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the P2=& funtion for atual
ser0ies!
The networ9ing diagra/ is shown in +igure 1-212! - P2=& test is onfigured for testing the
path in the 5'I diretion!
N5 1 N5 2
2nterface $oar! >D1
5ternet $oar! 5>DF
2nterface $oar! >D1
5ternet $oar! 5>DF
'D1 is onsidered as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure a P2=& test in the 5'I
diretion!
Table 1.1 Planned 0alues of the para/eters for a P2=& test in the 5'I diretion
Parameter Planned Value
Port 4,1-1 (P$2T-1)
P2=& Insertion ,iretion 5'I
P2=& +ra/e 4ode +ra/e
,uration 10
4easured in Ti/e s
#+%0+1+% Con6urin a PR)S Test in the UNI Direction
This setion desri.es how to onfigure a P2=& test in the 5'I diretion!
PrereBuisites
Conte9t
Perfor/ a P2=& test in the 5'I diretion of a .oard!
5se an D1 a.le to loop port 1 of the 4,1 .oard on 'D1! &ee +igure 1-213!
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Figure 1.1 - P2=& test in the 5'I diretion
-D&
+03S
ge!erator
+03S
reei(er
Ca8"e
'X
RX
Precautions
=efore you set a loop.a9" ensure that no ati0e ser0ie is running on the target optial
interfae or path! If there is any ati0e ser0ie" it will .e interrupted after a loop.a9 is
perfor/ed!
Procedure
Step # 2ight-li9 the 'D1 ion on the 4ain Topology and hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the shortut
/enu!
Step % &elet the 4,1 .oard in the $.:et Tree and hoose Cofiguratio > )2B% Test fro/ the
+untion Tree!
Step & &elet the 4,1-(P$2T-1) port" set )2B% 1sertio ,irectio to #N1 and set )2B% Frame
Mode to Frame!
Step 0 &et the following para/eters in %et Test )arameters7
,uration7 10
4easured in Ti/e7 s
Step 2 Cli9 %tart to Test! In the Cofirm dialog .o;" li9 <es! Chen the 2esult dialog .o; is
displayed" li9 Close!
Step 4 Chen )rogress field is displayed as 166;" he9 the 0alue in Total )2B%!
If the 0alue is 0" it indiates that no .it error is deteted in the test and the tested loop is
nor/al!
If the 0alue is not 0" the 0alue indiates the nu/.er of .it errors deteted in the test! In
this ase" you need to analy8e the auses of .it errors and perfor/ trou.leshooting!
....Ed
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#+%0+/ Relevant Alarms and :vents
'o alar/ and perfor/ane e0ent is related to the P2=& test!
#+%2 <in<
This hapter desri.es the EinE (*02!E in *02!E) feature!
#+%2+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of EinE and its purpose!
De6nition
EinE is a #ayer 2 tunnel protool .ased on IDDD *02!16 enapsulation! The EinE tehnology
enapsulates a pri0ate 0irtual loal area networ9 (1#-') tag into a pu.li 1#-' tag!
Therefore" the pa9ets with two layers of 1#-' tags an .e trans/itted on the .a9.one
networ9 of a arrier! In this /anner" EinE pro0ides #ayer 2 0irtual pri0ate networ9 (1P')
tunnels!
+igure 1-21@ shows the appliation of EinE!
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of EinE in D-#ine ser0ies
Ser/ice
net%or- .
C-V,.N1
C-V,.N1
Ser/ice
net%or- 7
N51
N52
N53
N5B
Fra"e of custo"er a
Fra"e of custo"er $
C-V,.N1 S-V,.N2
C-V,.N1 S-V,.N1
C-V,.N1 S-V,.N2
C-V,.N1 S-V,.N1
C-V,.N1 S-V,.NB
C-V,.N1 S-V,.N3
C-V,.N1
C-V,.N1
Purpose
EinE pro0ides a #ayer 2 1P' solution that is /uh heaper and easier than /ulti-protool
la.el swith (4P#&)! =y using the 1#-' EinE tehnology" data pa9ets arry two layers of
1#-' tags to distinguish different ser0ies! This hanges the li/itation that only one 1#-'
tag is used to /ar9 the data pa9ets" and inreases the nu/.er of 1#-' I,s! The inner
1#-' tag is alled C-1#-' and used as the usto/er 1#-'! The outer 1#-' is alled &-
1#-' and used as the ser0ie pro0ider 1#-'!
The /a:or funtions of the EinE tehnology are as follows7
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Cith the appliation of the EinE tehnology" the nu/.er of 1#-' I,s an reah @0AB ;
@0AB! This /eets the inreasing re6uire/ents for 1#-' I,s!
Custo/ers and operators an plan 1#-' resoures independently and fle;i.ly!
Therefore" networ9 onfiguration and /aintenane is si/plified!
The EinE tehnology replaes the 4P#& tehnology to pro0ide a heaper and si/pler
#ayer 2 1P' solution!
The EinE tehnology ahie0es the e;pansion of Dthernet ser0ies fro/ loal area
networ9s (#-'s) to wide area networ9s (C-'s)!
#+%2+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with EinE!
#+%2+%+# -rame -ormat
The EinE tehnology defines three types of Dthernet fra/es7 Dthernet fra/e with only a C-
T-<" Dthernet fra/e with a C-T-< and an &-T-<" and Dthernet fra/e with only an &-T-<!
:thernet -rame 7ith 3nly a C'TAG
The Dthernet fra/e with only a C-T-< has the sa/e for/at as the tagged fra/e defined in
IDDD *02!16! Therefore" the tagged fra/e defined in IDDD *02!1E is an Dthernet fra/e that
ontains a C-1#-' tag!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of the Dthernet fra/e with only a C-T-<
Destination
a!!ress
Source
a!!ress
C-'.G ,en)t/'#pe Data
FCS
@CRC-32A
B $#tes
V2D
12 $its
CF2 :C: ':2D
1 $it 3 $its 1D $its
'C2
:thernet -rame 7ith a C'TAG and an S'TAG
In the ase of an Dthernet fra/e that ontains a C-T-< and an &-T-<" the &-T-< is added
.efore the C-T-<! The differenes .etween the &-T-< and the C-T-< are as follows7
The TPI, is different!
-s defined in IDDD *02!1ad" the TPI, in the &-T-< is 0;**a*" whereas the TPI, in the
C-T-< is 0;*100!
The drop eligi.le indiator (,DI) replaes the C+I!
The ,DI wor9s with the PCP to indiate the priority of the &-T-<!
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Figure 1.1 +or/at of the Dthernet fra/e with a C-T-< and an &-T-<
Destination
a!!ress
Source
a!!ress
S-'.G ,en)t/'#pe Data
FCS
@CRC-32A
B $#tes
V2D
12 $its
D52 :C: ':2D
'C2
C-'.G
:thernet -rame 7ith 3nly an S'TAG
The Dthernet fra/e with only an &-T-< ontains only an &-T-< and does not ontain any C-
T-<!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of the Dthernet fra/e with only an &-T-<
Destination
a!!ress
Source
a!!ress
S-'.G ,en)t/'#pe Data
FCS
@CRC-32A
B $#tes
V2D
12 $its
D52 :C: ':2D
'C2
#+%2+%+% Net7or, Attribute
The networ9 attri.ute of an Dthernet port an .e set to 5'I or ''I" depending on how the
port proesses C-T-<s and &-T-<s!
UNI Port
- 5'I port onsiders that an aessed pa9et does not ontain any &-T-<! 5'I ports inlude
two types of ports aording to the enapsulation /ode!
Ports that adopt the enapsulation /ode of 'ull
These ports do not detet any types of 1#-' tags! Therefore" all types of Dthernet
fra/es an aess these ports! Howe0er" only the EinE ser0ies .ased on P$2T an .e
reated at these ports! That is" the EinE ser0ies .ased on P$2TLC1#-' annot .e
reated at these ports!
Ports that adopt the enapsulation /ode of *02!16
In the ase of EinE ser0ies" when the enapsulation /ode of a port is *02!16" the tag
attri.ute /ust .e Tag -ware! Then" the port detets the outer tags of Dthernet fra/es and
onsiders the outer tags as C-1#-' tags! Therefore" untagged fra/es annot aess this
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port! This port an reate EinE ser0ies .ased on Port and EinE ser0ies .ased on
P$2TLC-1#-'!
NNI Port
-n ''I port onsiders that an aessed pa9et ontains an &-T-<! Chen the enapsulation
/ode of an Dthernet port is EinE" the port is an ''I port! EinE lin9s an .e onfigured at
''I ports only! In the /odels of EinE ser0ies" EinE lin9s represent the ser0ie flows .ased
on P$2TL&-1#-'!
#+%2+%+& <in<')ased :'5ine Services
&-1#-' tags an .e used to isolate D-#ine ser0ies! Therefore" /ultiple D-#ine ser0ies an
share one physial hannel! These ser0ies are EinE-.ased D-#ine ser0ies!
1!@!2!@ D-#ine &er0ies Carried on PCs desri.es EinE-.ased D-#ine ser0ies arried .y PCs!
.odel o8 Service
Ta.le 1-22B shows the /odels of EinE-.ased D-#ine ser0ies!
Table 1.1 4odels of EinE-.ased D-#ine &er0ies
.odel o8
Service
-lo7 o8
Service
Direction :ncapsulation
.ode o8 a
Port
Description o8
Service
EinE lin9 (sin9)
5'I-''I 'ull (soure)
EinE (sin9)
The soure port
adds the &-1#-'
tag that orresponds
to the EinE lin9 to
all the Dthernet
fra/es" and then
trans/its the
Dthernet fra/es to
the sin9 port where
the EinE lin9 is
onfigured!
EinE lin9 (sin9)
5'I-''I *02!1E (soure)
a
EinE (sin9)
The soure port
aesses only the
Dthernet fra/es that
arry C-1#-' tags!
It adds the &-1#-'
tag that orresponds
to the EinE lin9 to
all the Dthernet
fra/es" and then
trans/its the
Dthernet fra/es to
the sin9 port where
the EinE lin9 is
onfigured!
4odel 3 P$2TLC-1#-' 5'I-''I *02!1E (soure)
a
The soure port
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.odel o8
Service
-lo7 o8
Service
Direction :ncapsulation
.ode o8 a
Port
Description o8
Service
(soure)
EinE lin9 (sin9) EinE (sin9)
adds the &-1#-'
tag that orresponds
to the EinE lin9 to
all the Dthernet
fra/es that arry
speifi C-1#-'
tags" and then
trans/its the
Dthernet fra/es to
the sin9 port where
the EinE lin9 is
onfigured!
4odel @ EinE lin9 (soure)
EinE lin9 (sin9)
''I-''I EinE (sin9)
EinE (sin9)
The soure port
trans/its the
Dthernet fra/es that
arry the &-1#-'
tag to the sin9 port
where the sin9
EinE lin9 is
onfigured! The &-
1#-' tag arried
in the Dthernet
fra/es orresponds
to the soure EinE
lin9! If the soure
and sin9 EinE lin9s
orrespond to
different &-1#-'
tags" the &-1#-'
tags arried in the
Dthernet fra/es are
e;hanged!
a7 &et TA9 to Tag Aware!
Typical Applications
+igure 1-21* shows the typial appliation of ser0ie /odel 1!
&er0ie 1 and &er0ie 2 inlude tagged fra/es and untagged fra/es! &er0ie 1 is aessed to
'D1 through Port 1" and &er0ie 2 is aessed to 'D1 through Port 2! Port 1 adds the
orresponding &-1#-' tag to &er0ie 1" and Port 2 adds the orresponding &-1#-' tag to
&er0ie 2! Then" &er0ie 1 and &er0ie 2 are trans/itted to Port 3! Port 3 trans/its &er0ie 1
and &er0ie 2 to 'D2!
'D2 proesses &er0ie 1 and &er0ie 2 in the sa/e /anner as 'D1!
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:ort 1
N5 1
N5 2
:ort 2
:ort 3
:ort 1
:ort 2
:ort 3
Ser/ice 1
Ser/ice 2
'rans"ission
Net%or-
Ser/ice 1
Ser/ice 2
A## S,/LAN La8e" Strip S,/LAN La8e"
Data@2A
Data@1A
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A
Data@2A
Data@ 1A
Data@2A
Data@1A
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A
Data@2A
Data@1A
+igure 1-21A shows the typial appliation of ser0ie /odel 2!
&er0ie 1 and &er0ie 2 arry different un9nown C-1#-' tags! &er0ie 1 is aessed to 'D1
through Port 1" and &er0ie 2 is aessed to 'D1 through Port 2! Port 1 adds the
orresponding &-1#-' tag to &er0ie 1" and Port 2 adds the orresponding &-1#-' tag to
&er0ie 2! Then" &er0ie 1 and &er0ie 2 are trans/itted to Port 3! Port 3 trans/its &er0ie 1
and &er0ie 2 to 'D2!
:ort 1
N5 1
N5 2
:ort 2
:ort 3
:ort 1
:ort 2
:ort 3
Ser/ice 1
0n-no%n CV,.N
'rans"ission
Net%or-
Data@2A
Data@1A
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N
C-V,.N Data@2A
Data@ 1A
C-V,.N
C-V,.N
Strip S,/LAN La8e" A## S,/LAN La8e"
Data@2A
Data@ 1A
C-V,.N
C-V,.N
Data@2A
Data@1A
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N
C-V,.N
Ser/ice 2
0n-no%n CV,.N
Ser/ice 1
0n-no%n CV,.N
Ser/ice 2
0n-no%n CV,.N
+igure 1-220 shows the typial appliation of ser0ie /odel 3!
&er0ie 1 and &er0ie 2 arry different C-1#-' tags! &er0ie 1 is aessed to 'D1 through
Port 1" and &er0ie 2 is aessed to 'D1 through Port 2! Port 1 adds the orresponding &-
1#-' tag to &er0ie 1" and Port 2 adds the orresponding &-1#-' tag to &er0ie 2! Then"
&er0ie 1 and &er0ie 2 are trans/itted to Port 3! Port 3 trans/its &er0ie 1 and &er0ie 2 to
'D2!
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:ort 1
N5 1
N5 2
:ort 2
:ort 3
:ort 1
:ort 2
:ort 3
Ser/ice 1
V,.N 2D6 100
Ser/ice 2
V,.N 2D6 200
Ser/ice 1
V,.N 2D6 100
Ser/ice 2
V,.N 2D6 200
'rans"ission
Net%or-
Data@2A
Data@1A
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@200A Data@2A
Data@ 1A
C-V,.N@200A
C-V,.N@100A
Strip S,/LAN La8e" A## S,/LAN La8e"
Data@2A
Data@ 1A
C-V,.N@200A
C-V,.N@100A
Data@2A
Data@1A
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@200A
+igure 1-221 shows the typial appliation of ser0ie /odel @!
&er0ie 1 and &er0ie 2 arry a sa/e &-1#-' tag! &er0ie 1 is aessed to 'D1 through Port
1" and &er0ie 2 is aessed to 'D1 through Port 2! Port 1 hanges the &-1#-' tag arried in
&er0ie 1 and Port 2 hanges the &-1#-' tag arried in &er0ie 2 so that the &-1#-' tags
arried in &er0ie 1 and &er0ie 2 are different! Port 3 trans/its &er0ie 1 and &er0ie 2 to
'D2!
Figure 1.7 Typial appliation of ser0ie /odel @
:ort 1
N5 1
N5 2
:ort 2
:ort 3
:ort 1
:ort 2
:ort 3
Ser/ice 1
S-V,.N 2D6 100
Ser/ice 2
S-V,.N 2D6 100
'rans"ission
Net%or-
Ser/ice 1
S-V,.N 2D6 100
Ser/ice 2
S-V,.N 2D6 100
Swithi!g S,/LAN La8e"
Data@2A
Data@1A
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A
Data@2A
Data@ 1A
S-V,.N@100A
S-V,.N@100A
Swithi!g S,/LAN La8e"
Data@2A
Data@1A
S-V,.N@100A
S-V,.N@100A
Data@2A
Data@ 1A
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A
#+%2+%+0 :'5AN Services )ased on 1"%+#ad )ride
&-1#-' tags an .e used to isolate D-#-' ser0ies! Therefore" a .ridge is di0ided into
/ultiple independent su.-swithing do/ains! These ser0ies are D-#-' ser0ies .ased on
*02!1ad .ridge!
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.odel o8 Service
Ta.le 1-223 shows the /odels of D-#-' ser0ies .ased on *02!1ad .ridge!
Table 1.1 4odels of D-#-' ser0ies .ased on *02!1ad .ridge
Type o8
Services
Ta
Attribute
:ncapsulati
on .ode o8
Port
Type o8
5oical
Port
5earnin
.ode
Sub'
S7itchin
Domain
D-#-' ser0ies
.ased on
*02!1ad .ridge
&--wared 'ull or *02!16
(5'I port)
a
EinE (''I
port)
P$2T (The
enapsulation
/ode of the
5'I port is
'ull!)
P$2T or
P$2TLC-
1#-' (The
enapsulation
/ode of the
5'I port is
*02!16!)
a
P$2TL&-
1#-' (''I
port)
I1# &u.-swithing
do/ains are
di0ided .ased
on &-1#-'
tags!
a7 Chen the enapsulation /ode of port is *02!16" the tag attri.ute /ust .e Tag -ware!
+igure 1-222 shows the typial appliation of the /odel of ser0ie! The trans/ission networ9
needs to arry < and H ser0ies aessed fro/ 'D2 and 'D3! The two types of ser0ies are
on0erged on 'D1! &ine < and H ser0ies ha0e a sa/e C-1#-' tag" you need to add
different &-1#-' tags to < and H ser0ies for ser0ie isolation!
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Figure 1.1 4odel of D-#-' ser0ies .ased on *02!1ad .ridge
:ort 1
N5 1
802*1a! $ri!)e
SV,.N 300
SV,.N B00
:ort 2
0ser G1
0ser &1
:ort 1
N5 2
0ser G2
:ort 2
0ser &2
:ort 1
N5 3
0ser G3
:ort 2
0ser &3
:ort 3
:ort 3
:ort B
'rans"ission
Net%or-
'rans"ission
Net%or-
CV,.N 100
CV,.N 100
SV,.N 300
SV,.N B00
SV,.N 300
SV,.N B00
:ort 3
802*1a! $ri!)e
802*1a! $ri!)e
A## S,/LAN La8e"
NE &
Strip S,/LAN La8e"
CV,.N 100
CV,.N 100
CV,.N 100
CV,.N 100
Data@&A
Data@GA
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A Data@&A
Data@ GA
C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Strip S,/LAN La8e"
NE $
A## S,/LAN La8e"
Data@&A
Data@ GA
C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Data@&A
Data@GA
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Strip S,/LAN La8e"
NE '
A## S,/LAN La8e"
Data@&A
Data@ GA
C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Data@&A
Data@GA
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Oou an onfigure 1!2(!2!3 EinE-=ased D-#ine &er0ies on 'D2 and 'D3 for ser0ie aess!
#+%2+& Speci6cations
This setion pro0ides the speifiations of *02!1E in *02!1E (EinE)!
Item Speci6cations
&etting of the EinE type field &upported! The default 0alue is **-*!
&-1#-' I, range 1 to @0A@
'u/.er of EinE-.ased D-#ine ser0ies $pti% $&' (007 102@
$pti% $&' ((07 102@
$pti% $&' (*07 *1A2
'u/.er of *02!1ad .ridges 102@
'u/.er of EinE lin9s $pti% $&' (007 102@
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cations
$pti% $&' ((07 102@
$pti% $&' (*07 *1A2
Type of ser0ie flows arried .y EinE lin9s P$2T
P$2TLC-1#-'
P$2TL&-1#-'
Type of logial ports /ounted to an *02!1ad
.ridge
P$2T
P$2T or P$2TLC1#-'
P$2TL&1#-'
EinE operation type (EinE-.ased D-#ine
ser0ies)
-dding &-1#-' tags (fro/ a 5'I to an
''I)
&tripping &-1#-' tags (fro/ an ''I to a
5'I)
Transparently trans/itting &-1#-' tags
(fro/ an ''I to an ''I)
&wapping &-1#-' tags (fro/ an ''I to an
''I)
EinE operation type (*02!1ad .ridge-.ased
D-#-' ser0ies)
-dding &-1#-' tags .ased on P$2T (5'I
port)
-dding &-1#-' tags .ased on P$2TLC-
1#-' (5'I port)
4ounting ports .ased on P$2TL&-1#-'
(''I port)
#+%2+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with EinE!
The following protools are assoiated with EinE7
IDDD *02!167 1irtual =ridged #oal -rea 'etwor9s
IDDD *02!1ad7 1irtual =ridged #oal -rea 'etwor9s Y -/end/ent @7 Pro0ider =ridges
#+%2+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the EinE feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+%2+4 Principles
The wor9ing priniple of EinE is losely related to ser0ie types!
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;or,in Principle o8 <in< in :thernet Private 5ine Services
This setion uses D1P# (EinE) ser0ies illustrated in +igure 1-223 to desri.e how data
fra/es are proessed on a EinE networ9!
Figure 1.1 D1P# (EinE) ser0ies
Ser/ice
net%or- .
C-V,.N1
C-V,.N1
Ser/ice
net%or- 7
N51
N52
N53
N5B
Fra"e of custo"er a
Fra"e of custo"er $
C-V,.N1 S-V,.N2
C-V,.N1 S-V,.N1
C-V,.N1 S-V,.N2
C-V,.N1 S-V,.N1
C-V,.N1 S-V,.NB
C-V,.N1 S-V,.N3
C-V,.N1
C-V,.N1
$n the networ9" the data fra/es fro/ 'D1 to 'D@ are proessed as follows7
1! 'D1 adds an &-T-< to eah data fra/e fro/ usto/er a and usto/er . that are
onneted to 'D1" and forwards the fra/es to 'D2! 'D1 adds an &-1#-'1 tag to eah
data fra/e fro/ usto/er a and an &-1#-'2 tag to eah fra/e fro/ usto/er .!
2! =ased on &-1#-' tags" 'D2 transparently trans/its the data fra/es of usto/er a and
usto/er . to 'D3 on ser0ie networ9 =!
3! =eause ser0ie pro0ider = plans different &-1#-' tags for usto/er a and usto/er ."
'D3 translates the data fra/e that ontains an &-1#-'1 tag into a data fra/e that
ontains an &-1#-'3 tag" translates the data fra/e that ontains an &-1#-'2 tag into a
data fra/e that ontains an &-1#-'@ tag" and forwards the data fra/es to 'D@!
@! 'D@ re/o0es the &-1#-'3 tag and &-1#-'@ tag" and forwards the data fra/es to the
Dthernet ports of usto/er a and usto/er .!
The data fra/e proess fro/ 'D@ to 'D1 is re0erse to the preeding proess!
;or,in Principle o8 <in< in :thernet 5AN Services
This setion uses D1P#-' (*02!1ad .ridge) ser0ies illustrated in +igure 1-22@ to desri.e
how data fra/es are proessed on the *02!1ad .ridge!
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Figure 1.1 D1P#-' (*02!1ad =ridge) &er0ie D;a/ple
N51
N53
N52
:OR'1
No!e7 1
:OR'2
:OR'1
Vo2:
&S2
No!e7 2
:OR'1
20 &S2
10 Vo2:
C-V,.N Ser/ice
30 Vo2:
C-V,.N Ser/ice
B0 &S2
:OR'1
N53
802*1a! $ri!)e
S-V,.N 100
S-V,.N 200
:OR'2
Vo2:
&S2
N52
N51
No!e7 1
:OR'1
:OR'1
No!e7 2
Data@&S2A
Data@Vo2:A
Data@&S2A
Data@Vo2:A
C-V,.N@20/B0A
C-V,.N@10/30A
S-V,.N@200A
S-V,.N@100A C-V,.N@10/30A
C-V,.N@20/B0A
:OR'3
:OR'B
N53
-s shown in +igure 1-22@" the trans/ission networ9 needs to arry 0oie o0er IP (1oIP)
ser0ies and high speed Internet (H&I) ser0ies! 1oIP ser0ies and H&I ser0ies are aessed
.y 'ode= 1 and 'ode= 2! The two types of ser0ies use different C-1#-' tags as planned!
$n the networ9 side" the on0ergene node 'D3 adds &-1#-' tags to the ser0ies as planned
so that 'D3 an /ar9 and shedule the two types of ser0ies in a unified /anner!
$n the networ9" 'D3 proesses data fra/es as follows7
1! 1oIP ser0ies and H&I ser0ies are aessed .y 'ode= 1 and 'ode=" and then
transparently trans/itted to 'D3 through 'D1 and 'D2!
2! 'D3 adds &-1#-' tag 100 to the 1oIP ser0ies of 'ode= 1" 'ode= 2" and 1oIP ser0er
(with C-1#-' tags 10 and 30)!
3! 'D3 adds &-1#-' tag 200 to the H&I ser0ies of 'ode= 1" 'ode= 2" and H&I ser0er
(with C-1#-' tags 20 and @0)!
@! $n the *02!1ad .ridge" the data fra/es with &-1#-' tags are swithed to orresponding
Dthernet ports as speified in the &-1#-' filter ta.le! The Dthernet ports strip &-1#-'
tags and trans/it the data fra/es!
#+%2+* Con6urin <in<
This setion desri.es the onfiguration proess and onfiguration /ethod of EinE!
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+or the appliation e;a/ple of EinE-.ased D-#ine ser0ies" see the onfiguration
e;a/ple (Configuring EinE-=ased D-#ine &er0ies) in the Configuration <uide (Pa9et
Transport ,o/ain)!
+or the appliation e;a/ple of EinE-.ased D-#-' ser0ies" see the onfiguration
e;a/ple (Configuring IDDD *02!1ad =ridge-=ased D-#-' &er0ies) in the
Configuration <uide (Pa9et Transport ,o/ain)!
#+%2+1 Relevant Alarms and :vents
There are no alar/s or perfor/ane e0ents rele0ant to EinE!
#+%4 <oS
The 6uality of ser0ie (Eo&) tehnology pro0ides differentiated ser0ies for different ser0ie
le0els of users!
#+%4+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of Eo& and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
$n legay IP networ9s" all pa9ets are proessed in first in first out (+I+$) 6ueues .y
adopting the .est effort strategy! This /ethod annot /eet the stringent re6uire/ents of
e/erging ser0ies for the .andwidth" delay" and delay :itter! Therefore" the Eo& tehnology is
de0eloped!
Eo& refers to the a.ility of a o//uniation networ9 to ensure the e;peted ser0ie 6uality
under any onditions" in the aspets of .andwidth" delay" delay :itter" and pa9et loss ratio!
Eo& helps to ensure that the re6uest and response fro/ the user or the re6uest and response
fro/ the appliation /eet the re6uire/ents of an e;peted ser0ie lass!
+igure 1-22( shows how pa9ets are trans/itted through an interfae that does not support
Eo& when the networ9 is ongested!
-ll pa9ets to .e trans/itted through this interfae enter the tail of the +I+$ 6ueue aording
to the se6uene of their arri0al at the interfae! The interfae trans/its these pa9ets fro/ the
head of the 6ueue! The pa9ets are not differentiated during the trans/ission" and the 6uality
of pa9et trans/ission is not ensured!
Figure 1.1 +I+$ 6ueue
F2FO
Fueue
:ac-ets to $e trans"itte!
trou) tis interface
:ac-ets trans"itte! out of
te interface
5)ress
?ueue
sce!u(in)
Fueue in %ic te priorities of pac-ets are
in a !escen!in) or!er fro" (eft to ri)t
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+igure 1-22B shows how pa9ets of different Eo& le0els are trans/itted through 6ueues with
different priorities!
-fter pa9ets arri0e at the interfae" the pa9ets are lassified first! Then" these pa9ets enter
the tail of their orresponding 6ueues aording to their types! The interfae trans/its the
higher-priority pa9ets in the 6ueue first and then trans/its the lower-priority pa9ets in the
6ueue! In this /anner" the higher-priority pa9ets are always trans/itted first and these
pa9ets ha0e low delay :itter! In addition" the perfor/ane inde;es of these pa9ets" inluding
the pa9et loss ratio and delay :itter" an .e ensured e0en in the ase of networ9 ongestion!
Figure 1.2 Prioriti8ed 6ueues
Fueue 8
Fueue 7
Fueue 2
Fueue 1
.
.
.
&i)er
Nor"a(
,o%est
:riorities
Fueues
&i)est
trou) tis interface
C(assific
ation
5)ress
?ueue
sce!u(in)
te interface
Purpose
The Eo& tehnology helps a trans/ission networ9 to pro0ide ser0ie poliies with different
priorities" to /eet 0arious re6uire/ents of 0oie" 0ideo" and data ser0ies! Therefore" a
trans/ission networ9 is a.le to ensure the e;peted ser0ie 6uality under any onditions" in
the aspets of .andwidth" delay" delay :itter" and pa9et loss ratio! Eo& helps to ensure that the
re6uest and response fro/ the user or the re6uest and response fro/ the appliation /eet the
re6uire/ents of an e;peted ser0ie lass!
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with Eo&!
#+%4+%+# <oS ReBuirements
1arious ser0ies pro0ide different re6uire/ents for .andwidths" delay" :itter" and pa9et loss
ratio! Therefore" these ser0ies re6uire different Eo& operations for differentiated ser0ies!
Speci6cations in <oS .easurement
,elay
Indiates the ti/e elapsed after a ser0ie is trans/itted at a referene point and .efore
the ser0ie is reei0ed at another referene point!
Fitter
Indiates the delay inter0al of two onseuti0e pa9ets!
Pa9et loss ratio
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Indiates the /a;i/u/ ratio of the disarded pa9ets to the total nu/.er of trans/itted
pa9ets! Pa9et disarding generally results fro/ networ9 ongestion!
Service Types and <oS ReBuirements
Ta9ing typial 3< Dthernet ser0ies as an e;a/ple" Ta.le 1-22* pro0ides the 0arious ser0ie
types and orresponding Eo& re6uire/ents!
Table 1.1 &er0ie types and Eo& re6uire/ents
Type o8
Service
Serv
ice
Prio
ritie
s
Typical
Service
Delay ?itter Pac,et
5oss
Control
infor/ation
+ro/
top
down
wards"
ser0i
e
priorit
ies are
in
dese
nding
order!
Dthernet
protool
pa9et
Dthernet
$-4 pa9et
&ensiti0e &ensiti0e &ensiti0e
Con0ersatio
nal ser0ie
and
signaling
ser0ie
1oIP
1ideophone
Interati0e
ga/e
&trea/ing
ser0ie
1$, 'ot sensiti0e &ensiti0e 'ot sensiti0e
Interati0e
ser0ie
Ce. page
.rowsing
'ot sensiti0e 'ot sensiti0e &ensiti0e
=a9ground
ser0ie
D/ail)+il/)4
P3
downloading
+TP ser0ie
#+%4+%+% Di@Serv
,ifferentiated ser0ie (na/ely" ,iff&er0) pro0ides an easy-to-i/ple/ent and sala.le
arhiteture for end-to-end Eo&!
Di@Serv Domain
In a ,iff&er0 /odel" a pa9et represents its Eo& le0el through its arried Eo& infor/ation!
The ,iff&er0 /odel pro0ides differentiated ser0ies for olletions of pa9ets that ha0e
different Eo& le0els! =ased on the ,iff&er0 /odel" a networ9 is di0ided into se0eral ,iff&er0
do/ains (also referred to as ,& do/ains)! - ,& do/ain onsists of a group of networ9 nodes
(,& nodes) that pro0ide the sa/e ser0ie poliy and i/ple/ent the sa/e per-hop .eha0ior
(PH=)! ,& nodes are lassified into ,& .oundary nodes and ,& interior nodes!
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In a ,& do/ain as shown in +igure 1-223" a ,& .oundary node identifies the Eo&
infor/ation arried .y the pa9ets that are trans/itted to the ,& do/ain! -fter that" the ,&
.oundary node aggregates the pa9ets that are at the sa/e Eo& le0el! - olletion of the
aggregated pa9ets is alled a .eha0ior aggregate (=-)! The ,& .oundary node ontrols the
traffi of the =- .ased on the onfigured PH=" and forwards the =- to a ,& interior node! -
,& interior node ontrols the traffi of the =- .ased on the PH= and then forwards the =- to
the ,& .oundary node of ne;t hop!
Figure 1.1 ,iff&er0 /odel
DS !o"ai n
DS
$oun!ar#
no!e
DS i nteri or no!e
Non-DS no!e
DS
$oun!ar#
no!e
Non-DS no!e
:thernet Service and P!)
- PH= indiates speifi forwarding treat/ents applied .y a ,& node on a =-! To ensure
different Eo& o.:eti0es" eight PH=s are pro0ided7 =D" -+1" -+2" -+3" -+@" D+" C&B" and
C&3! The /appings .etween the eight PH=s and pa9et priorities (C-1#-' priorities" &-
1#-' priorities" IP ,&CP 0alues" or 4P#& D%P 0alues) an .e speified .y a ,& do/ain! -
default ,& do/ain is a0aila.le on the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent" and all Dthernet ports .elong to
this do/ain unless other ,& do/ains are onfigured!
In this default ,& do/ain" default /appings are defined! Ta.le 1-22A and Ta.le 1-230 pro0ide
default /appings fro/ priorities of ingress pa9ets to PH=s and fro/ PH=s to priorities of
egress pa9ets on the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent! =D is a default PH=!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent trusts pa9ets with C-1#-' priorities" &-1#-' priorities" IP ,&CP 0alues"
or 4P#& D%P 0alues! 5ntrusted pa9ets reei0e =D treat/ent .y default" indiating that they are
forwarded with .est effort!
If pa9ets with IP ,&CP 0alues do not reei0e -+1)-+2)-+3)-+@)D+)C&B)C&3 treat/ent in a user-
defined ,& do/ain" they reei0e =D treat/ent .y default" indiating that they are forwarded with .est
effort!
Table 1.1 ,efault /appings fro/ priorities of ingress pa9ets to PH=s
C'V5AN
Priority
S'V5AN
Priority
DSCP Value
$Decimal(
.P5S :IP
Value
P!)
0 0 0-3" A" 11" 13"
1(" 13" 1A" 21"
23" 2(" 23" 2A"
31" 33" 3(" 33"
3A" @1-@(" @3"
0 =D
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C'V5AN
Priority
S'V5AN
Priority
DSCP Value
$Decimal(
.P5S :IP
Value
P!)
@A-((" (3-B3
1 1 *" 10" 12" 1@ 1 -+1
2 2 1B" 1*" 20" 22 2 -+2
3 3 2@" 2B" 2*" 30 3 -+3
@ @ 32" 3@" 3B" 3* @ -+@
( ( @0" @B ( D+
B B @* B C&B
3 3 (B 3 C&3
Table 1.2 ,efault /appings fro/ PH=s to priorities of egress pa9ets
P!) C'V5AN
Priority
S'V5AN
Priority
DSCP Value
$Decimal(
.P5S :IP
Value
=D 0 0 0 0
-+1 1 1 10" 12" 1@ 1
-+2 2 2 1*" 20" 22 2
-+3 3 3 2B" 2*" 30 3
-+@ @ @ 3@" 3B" 3* @
D+ ( ( @0 (
C&B B B @* B
C&3 3 3 (B 3
-+1 defines three su.-lasses7 -+11" -+12" and -13! $nly -+11 an ta9e effet! This rule also
applies to -+2" -+3" and -+@! To .e speifi" only -+21" -+31" and -+@1 an ta9e effet!
2egarding point-to-point transparent trans/ission D-#ine ser0ies" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
supports only the /apping fro/ IP ,&CP 0alues in pa9ets to PH=s!
C:S Service and P!)
CD& ser0ies re6uire low delay" low :itter" and fi;ed .andwidth! Therefore" a high enough
priority needs to .e assigned to CD& ser0ies so that forwarding)proessing CD& ser0ies
ta9es preedene! =y default" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent assigns the D+ PH= to CD& ser0ies!
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AT. Service and P!)
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports fle;i.le /apping .etween -T4 ser0ie ategories and
PH=s so that end-to-end Eo& ontrol an .e ahie0ed for -T4 ser0ies! Ta.le 1-231 pro0ides
default /appings .etween -T4 ser0ie ategories and PH=s!
Table 1.1 ,efault /appings .etween -T4 ser0ie ategories and PH=s
AT. Service Cateory P!)
C=2 D+
rt-1=2 -+3
nrt-1=2 -+2
5=2L -+1
5=2 =D
P$2T-T2-'& =D
#+%4+%+& Tra>c Classi6cation
Traffi lassifiation i/ple/ents differentiated ser0ies .y using different poliies .ased on
user-speified rules!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports two traffi lassifiation /ethods7 si/ple traffi
lassifiation and o/ple; traffi lassifiation!
To i/pro0e the Eo& ontrol effiieny of the entire networ9" Eo& ontrol .ased on o/ple;
traffi lassifiation is perfor/ed on edge nodes and si/ple Eo& proessing is perfor/ed on
internal nodes in the networ9!
If .oth si/ple traffi lassifiation and o/ple; traffi lassifiation are applia.le to a pa9et" o/ple;
traffi lassifiation ta9es effetI if a pa9et /eets /ultiple o/ple; traffi lassifiation riteria" the
riterion with the highest priority ta9es effet!
In the ase of si/le traffi lassifiation" different ser0ies on speified ports are /apped to
different PH=s aording to pa9et priorities .y /eans of ,iff&er0! +or the .asi onept of
si/ple traffi lassifiation" see 1!2B!2!2 ,iff&er0!
Simple Tra>c Classi6cation
&i/ple traffi lassifiation is .ased on ,& do/ains! In the ase of si/ple traffi
lassifiation" different ser0ies on speified ports are /apped to different PH=s aording to
their arried Eo& infor/ation! +or .asi onepts of si/ple traffi lassifiation" see 1!2B!2!2
,iff&er0!
Comple9 Tra>c Classi6cation
In the ase of o/ple; traffi lassifiation" speified ser0ies are lassified .y C-1#-')&-
1#-' I," C-1#-')&-1#-' priority" or IP ,&CP 0alue! +low types are .ased on assoiated
Dthernet ser0ie types! The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports the following flow types7
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+low lassified aording to speified C-1#-' I,s
The pa9ets that arry a speified C-1#-' I, are lassified as a flow!
+low lassified aording to C-1#-' priorities
The pa9ets that are fro/ a ertain port and ha0e a speified C-1#-' priority are
lassified as a flow!
+low lassified aording to speified &-1#-' I,s
The pa9ets that are fro/ a ertain port and ha0e a speified &-1#-' priority are
+low lassified aording to speified &-1#-' priorities
The pa9ets that are fro/ a ertain port and ha0e a speified &-1#-' priority are
+low lassified aording to IP ,&CP 0alues
The pa9ets that are fro/ a ertain port and ha0e a speified IP ,&CP 0alue are
+lows an .e further lassified aording to logial settings .etween C-1#-' I,s and C-1#-'
priorities or .etween &-1#-' I,s and &-1#-' priorities! The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports a
logial -', setting .etween a C-1#-' I, and a C-1#-' priority or .etween an &-1#-' I, and an
&-1#-' priority!
- flow lassified .ased on o/ple; traffi lassifiation supports the following Eo&
proessing operations7
- flow is passed or disarded .ased on the -C#!
- flow is /apped to a new PH=!
In the ingress diretion" the rate of a flow is restrited through the C-2 /ehanis/!
In the egress diretion" traffi shaping is perfor/ed on a flow!
#+%4+%+0 CAR
The C-2 is a type of traffi poliing tehnology! Chen the C-2 is used" the rate of the traffi
after traffi lassifiation is assessed in a ertain period (inluding in the long ter/ and in the
short ter/)I the pa9et rate of whih does not e;eed the speified 0alue is set to a high
priority and the pa9et rate of whih e;eeds the speified 0alue is disarded or downgraded!
In this /anner" the C-2 restrits the traffi into the trans/ission networ9!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports C-2 proessing for a o/ple; flow in the ingress
diretion! C-2 proessing operations are as follows7
Chen the rate of pa9ets is e6ual to or lower than the preset o//itted infor/ation rate
(CI2)" these pa9ets are /ar9ed green and pass the poliing of the C-2! These pa9ets
are always forwarded first in the ase of networ9 ongestion!
Chen the rate of pa9ets e;eeds the preset pea9 infor/ation rate (PI2)" these pa9ets
whose rate is higher than the PI2 are /ar9ed red and diretly disarded!
Chen the rate of pa9ets is higher than the CI2 .ut is e6ual to or lower than the PI2" the
pa9ets at a rate higher than the CI2 an pass the restrition .ut are /ar9ed yellow!
Oellow pa9ets an .e set to ?disard?" ?pass?" or ?re/ar9?! If pa9ets are set to
?re/ar9?" these pa9ets are /apped to another speified 6ueue with a ertain priority
(that is" the priority of these pa9ets are hanged) and then forwarded!
Chen the rate of pa9ets that pass the restrition of the C-2 is e6ual to or lower than the
CI2 in a ertain period" ertain pa9ets an .urst and these pa9ets are always forwarded
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first in the ase of networ9 ongestion! The /a;i/u/ traffi of the .urst pa9ets is
deter/ined .y the o//itted .urst si8e (C=&)!
Chen the rate of pa9ets that pass the restrition of the C-2 is higher than the CI2 .ut
is e6ual to or lower than the PI2" ertain pa9ets an .urst and these pa9ets are /ar9ed
yellow! The /a;i/u/ traffi of the .urst pa9ets is deter/ined .y the pea9 .urst si8e
(P=&)!
+igure 1-22* shows the traffi hange after C-2 proessing! The pa9ets that are /ar9ed red
are diretly disarded" and the pa9ets that are /ar9ed yellow and green pass the poliing of
the C-2! In addition" the pa9ets that are /ar9ed yellow are proessed aording to the preset
0alue!
Figure 1.1 C-2 proessing
:2R
C2R
>7S
C7S
:2R
C2R
CA0
:2R
C2R
>7S
C7S
#+%4+%+2 Tra>c Shapin
Chen the traffi shaping funtion is used" the traffi and .urst si8e of an outgoing onnetion
of a networ9 an .e restrited! In this /anner" pa9ets an .e trans/itted at an e0en rate!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent an perfor/ traffi shaping for o/ple; flows" and for egress
6ueues and egress ports orresponding to PH=s!
To perfor/ traffi shaping for o/ple; flows" the dual to9en .u9et three olor /ar9er
algorith/" whih is si/ilar to the algorith/ used .y C-2" is used" and a .uffer 6ueue is
added .efore the T to9en .u9et! To perfor/ traffi shaping for the egress 6ueues or egress
ports that orrespond to PH=s" the single to9en .u9et two olor /ar9er algorith/ is used and
a .uffer 6ueue is added .efore the Tp to9en .u9et!
Tra>c Shapin 8or Comple9 -lo7s
-fter the traffi shaping funtion is ena.led" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent proesses pa9ets as
follows if the .uffer 6ueue is e/pty7
If the rate of the pa9ets is e6ual to or lower than the preset CI2" the pa9ets are diretly
forwarded!
If the rate of the pa9ets is higher than the CI2 .ut is e6ual to or lower than the PI2" the
pa9ets are forwarded at a rate not higher than the PI2 when the networ9 is not
ongested" and are forwarded at a rate e6ual to the CI2 when the networ9 is ongested!
If the rate of the pa9ets is higher than the PI2" these pa9ets are diretly disarded!
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If the rate of the pa9ets in a ertain period is e6ual to or lower than the CI2" ertain
pa9ets an .urst and .e diretly forwarded! The /a;i/u/ traffi of the .urst pa9ets is
deter/ined .y the C=&!
If the rate of the pa9ets in a ertain period is higher than the CI2 .ut is e6ual to or lower
than the PI2" ertain pa9ets an .urst and enter the .uffer 6ueue! The /a;i/u/ traffi
of the .urst pa9ets is deter/ined .y the P=&!
Chen the .uffer 6ueue is not e/pty" the pa9ets whose rate passes the restrition of the PI2
enter the .uffer 6ueue and then are forwarded at a rate e6ual to the CI2!
+igure 1-22A shows the traffi hange after traffi shaping! ,uring traffi shaping" the green
part indiates the traffi that is diretly forwarded without tra0ersing the .uffer 6ueue" the
yellow part indiates the traffi that is forwarded after tra0ersing the .uffer 6ueue" and the red
part indiates the traffi that is disarded!
Figure 1.1 Proessing of traffi shaping
:2R
C2R
:7S
C7S
:2R
C2R
Shapi!g
:2R
C2R
Tra>c Shapin 8or :ress <ueues and :ress Ports
-fter the traffi shaping funtion is ena.led" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent proesses pa9ets as
follows if the .uffer 6ueue is e/pty7
If the rate of the pa9ets is e6ual to or lower than the preset PI2" these pa9ets are
diretly forwarded! 'ote that the 0alues of the CI2 and PI2 need to .e e6ual in this ase"
and only the PI2 is 0alid!
If the rate of the pa9ets is higher than the PI2" these pa9ets enter the .uffer 6ueue!
If the rate of the pa9ets is e6ual to or lower than the PI2 in a ertain period" ertain
.urst pa9ets an .e forwarded! The /a;i/u/ traffi of the .urst pa9ets is deter/ined
.y the P=&!
Chen the .uffer 6ueue is not e/pty" the pa9ets whose rate passes the restrition of the PI2
enter the .uffer 6ueue and then are forwarded at a rate e6ual to the PI2!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Proessing of traffi shaping
:2R
:7S
:2R
Shapi!g
:2R
Di@erences )et7een Tra>c Shapin and CAR
-s is e0ident fro/ the preeding proessing /ehanis/" the differenes of traffi shaping
fro/ C-2 are as follows7
C-2 is applia.le to ser0ie flows in the ingress diretion" whereas traffi shaping is
applia.le to ser0ie flows in the egress diretion!
C-2 is /ainly used to restrit the aess traffi of a ertain ser0ie flow" and traffi
shaping helps to trans/it a ser0ie flow (or a flow at a port) at an e0en rate!
The i/ple/entation of traffi shaping uses a .uffer" whih /ay inrease delay of
ser0ies" whereas C-2 does not inrease delay of ser0ies!
#+%4+%+4 <ueue Schedulin
Chen a networ9 ongestion ours" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent pro0ides the ensured Eo& for
ser0ies at the higher le0el .y using different 6ueue sheduling she/es!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports three 6ueue sheduling poliies" na/ely" strit-priority
(&P)" weighted round ro.in (C22)" and &PLC22!
SP Schedulin Alorithm
+igure 1-231 illustrates the &P sheduling algorith/!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 &P 6ueues
Fueue 8
Fueue 7
Fueue 2
Fueue 1
.
.
.
&i)er
Nor"a(
,o%est
:riorities
Fueues
&i)est
trou) tis interface
C(assific
ation
5)ress
?ueue
sce!u(in)
te interface
,uring &P 6ueue sheduling" pa9ets are trans/itted in a desending order of priority! Chen a
6ueue with a higher priority is e/pty" the pa9ets in the 6ueue with a lower priority an .e
trans/itted! In this /anner" after pa9ets of 9ey ser0ies (suh as DTH $-4) are plaed into
6ueues with higher priorities and pa9ets of non-9ey ser0ies (suh as e/ail ser0ies) are
plaed into 6ueues with lower priorities" pa9ets of the 9ey ser0ies an .e always trans/itted
first" and pa9ets of the non-9ey ser0ies are trans/itted when the data of the 9ey ser0ies is
not proessed!
The disad0antage of the &P sheduling algorith/ is as follows7 If there are pa9ets in the
6ueues with higher priorities when ongestion ours" the pa9ets in the 6ueues with lower
priorities annot .e trans/itted all the ti/e!
;RR Schedulin Alorithm
+igure 1-232 illustrates the C22 sheduling algorith/!
Figure 1.1 C22 sheduling algorith/
Fueue B
Fueue 3
Fueue 2
Fueue 1
30
10
10
<ei)ts Fueues
50
trou) tis interface
5)ress
?ueue
sce!u(in)
te interface
C(assific
ation
R
The C22 sheduling algorith/ di0ides eah port into se0eral egress 6ueues and shedules
the pa9ets in these 6ueues in turn! This ensures that eah 6ueue o.tains a ertain ser0ie
period! In addition" the C22 alloates a weight 0alue for eah 6ueue and then alloates the
ser0ie ti/e period for eah 6ueue aording to the weight 0alue! The port trans/its the
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Dthernet fra/es of the orresponding 6ueue in the orresponding ser0ie period! If the 6ueue
to whih the ser0ie period orresponds ontains no Dthernet fra/e" a ti/e period is e;trated
to trans/it the Dthernet fra/es that orrespond to the su.se6uent ti/e periods! That is" the
C22 ensures the .andwidth resoure alloation .ased on the weight 0alues of the 6ueues in
the ase of a lin9 ongestion and full .andwidth utili8ation in the ase of no lin9 ongestion!
+or e;a/ple" an +D port pro0ides four 6ueues! The weight proportion of the four 6ueues is
(737171! Therefore" when ongestions our in all the 6ueues" the four 6ueues are alloated
with the (0 4.it)s" 30 4.it)s" 10 4.it)s" and 10 4.it)s .andwidths respeti0ely! If the first
6ueue ontains no Dthernet fra/e and ongestions our in the other three 6ueues" the other
three 6ueues are alloated with the B0 4.it)s" 20 4.it)s" and 20 4.it)s .andwidths
respeti0ely!
Co/pared with the &P sheduling algorith/" the C22 sheduling algorith/ pre0ents the
disad0antage that pa9ets in the 6ueues with lower priorities /ay fail to o.tain ser0ie for a
long ti/e! In the ase of the C22 algorith/" howe0er" all the .andwidth resoures annot .e
used when ongestions our in the ser0ies of higher priorities!
SPJ;RR Schedulin Alorithm
+igure 1-233 shows the &PLC22 sheduling algorith/! In the ase of &PLC22 sheduling
algorith/" a group of C22 6ueues /ust .e alloated with the sa/e 6ueue priority!
Figure 1.1 &PLC22 sheduling algorith/
Fueue 8
Fueue 1
<ei)ts @RA
S:
Fueues
trou) tis interface
C(assifi
cation
5)ress ?ueue
sce!u(in)
Fueue in %ic te priorities of pac-ets are in a
!escen!in) or!er fro" (eft to ri)t
:ac-ets trans"itte!
out of te interface <RR
Fueues
<RR Fueue
,o%est
:riorities
&i)est
Fueue 5
Fueue B
Fueue 3
Fueue 2
25
25
25
25
Fueue D
&i)er
Nor"a(
Fueue 8
Fueue 7
(o%er
If the 6ueues that ha0e higher priorities than the C22 6ueues ontain Dthernet fra/es"
the Dthernet fra/es are trans/itted aording to the &P sheduling algorith/! In this
ase" the Dthernet fra/es in the C22 6ueues are not trans/itted!
If the 6ueues that ha0e higher priorities than the C22 6ueues do not ontain Dthernet
fra/es" the Dthernet fra/es in the C22 6ueues are trans/itted aording to the C22
sheduling algorith/!
If the C22 6ueues and the 6ueues that ha0e higher priorities than the C22 6ueues do
not ontain Dthernet fra/es" the Dthernet fra/es in the 6ueues that ha0e lower priorities
than the C22 6ueues are trans/itted aording to the &P algorith/!
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In the ase of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent" the &PLC22 sheduling algorith/ is the default 6ueue
sheduling poliy for eah Dthernet port! The 6ueue priority le0els are C&3" C&B" D+" -+1" -+2" -+3"
-+@" and =D in the desending order of priority! -+1 to -+@ are C22 6ueues! D;ept for the default
settings" C22 6ueues /ust .e onseuti0e when you /anually set the &PLC22 algorith/! &P 6ueues
an .e interlea0ed with /ultiple onseuti0e C22 6ueues" .ut C22 6ueues annot .e interlea0ed with
&P 6ueues!
#+%4+%+* <oS .odel
This setion desri.es Eo& /odels for different ser0ie types!
<oS .odel 8or Native :T! Services
+igure 1-23@ shows the Eo& /odel for 'ati0e DTH ser0ies that the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
supports!
Figure 1.1 Eo& /odel for 'ati0e DTH ser0ies
:ort :ort
.pp(# a port
sapin)
po(ic#
.pp(# a
port
po(ic#
.pp(# a
DiffSer/
.pp(# a
port
po(ic#
.pp(# a port
sapin)
po(ic#
.pp(# a
DiffSer/
:ac-ets are sce!u(e! to specific e)ress ?ueues
$ase! on teir :&7s
FoS app(ication point
FoS processin)
Ser/ice !irection
.pp(# a
port
po(ic#
.pp(# a
DiffSer/
.pp(# a
DiffSer/
.pp(# a
port
po(ic#
Ta.le 1-232 pro0ides Eo& tehnologies applia.le to eah Eo& appliation point in the
/odel!
Table 1.1 Eo& tehnologies applia.le to eah Eo& appliation point in the Eo& /odel for 'ati0e
DTH ser0ies
<oS
Application
Point
Policy Supported <oS Technoloy
&er0ie ingress port ,iff&er0 &i/ple traffi
lassifiation7
lassifies ingress
=ased on ,iff&er0
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<oS
Application
Point
pa9ets into flows
with different PH=s
.ased on the
pa9etsJ priorities!
Port poliy Co/ple; traffi
lassifiation7
lassifies speifi
ser0ies .y C-
1#-')&-1#-' I,"
C-1#-')&-1#-'
priority" or IP ,&CP
0alue!
-
C-2 =ased on o/ple;
traffi lassifiation
&er0ie egress port ,iff&er0 +orwards the flows
lassified aording
to PH=s to
appropriate egress
6ueues!
=ased on ,iff&er0
Port poliy &haping =ased on o/ple;
traffi lassifiation
&ets a 6ueue
sheduling
algorith/ (&P"
C22" or &PLC22)
for 6ueues with
different PH=s .y
setting an egress
6ueue poliy!
=ased on egress
6ueues
Port shaping &haping (.ased on
an egress port)
=ased on an entire
egress port
<oS .odels 8or :T!ATD.AAT. P;:& Services
+igure 1-23( and +igure 1-23B show Eo& /odels for DTH)T,4)-T4 PCD3 ser0ies that
the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Eo& /odel for DTH)T,4)-T4 PCD3 ser0ies (5'I to ''I)
.'>
ser/ice
.pp(# a port
sapin)
po(ic#
.pp(# a
port
po(ic#
.pp(# a
DiffSer/
.pp(# a :<
$an!%i!t
contro( po(ic#
0N2
:ort
NN2
:< :ort
.'> traffic
"ana)e"ent
.'>
:<53
Specif# te
"appin)s fro"
.'> ser/ice
cate)ories to
:&7s
.'> :<53
encapsu(ation
Functions re(ate! to FoS processin)
:ac-ets are sce!u(e! to specific e)ress
?ueues $ase! on teir :&7s
FoS processin)
Ser/ice !irection
'D>
:<53
'D> ser/ice
Specif# te :&7s
of C5S ser/ices
'D> :<53
encapsu(ation
5ternet ser/ice
.pp(# a
DiffSer/
.pp(# a
port po(ic#
5'& :<53
encapsu(ation
5'&
:<53
.pp(# a V-
0N2
2n)ress
po(ic#
Figure 1.2 Eo& /odel for DTH)T,4)-T4 PCD3 ser0ies (''I to 5'I)
.pp(# a port
sapin)
po(ic#
.pp(# a
port
po(ic#
.pp(# a
DiffSer/
.'> ser/ice
'D> ser/ice
5ternet
ser/ice
0N2
:ort
NN2
:< :ort
.pp(# a
DiffSer/
'D>
:<53
.'>
:<53
'D> :<53
!ecapsu(ation
.'> :<53
!ecapsu(ation
5'&
:<53 5'& :<53
!ecapsu(ation
:ac-ets are sce!u(e! to correspon!in) e)ress
?ueues $ase! on teir :&7s
Functions re(ate! to FoS processin)
FoS processin)
Ser/ice !irection
Ta.le 1-233 and Ta.le 1-23@ pro0ide Eo& tehnologies applia.le to eah Eo& appliation
point in these /odels!
Copyright Huawei
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Table 2.1 Eo& tehnologies applia.le to eah Eo& appliation point in the Eo& /odel for
DTH)T,4)-T4 PCD3 ser0ies (5'I to ''I)
<oS
Application
Point
Servic
e
&er0ie
diretion
(5'I to
''I)
5'I -T4
ser0ie
,iff&er0 &peifies PH=s of -T4
ser0ie ategories!
Ta.le 1-231
pro0ides default
/appings .etween
-T4 ser0ie
ategories and
PH=s!
CD&
ser0ie
,iff&er0 &peifies PH=s of CD&
ser0ies!
=y default" CD&
ser0ies are
/apped to PH=
D+!
Dthernet
ser0ie
,iff&er0 &i/ple traffi
lassifiation7 lassifies
ingress pa9ets into
flows with different
PH=s .ased on the
pa9etsJ priorities!
=ased on ,iff&er0
Port
poliy
Co/ple; traffi
speifi ser0ies .y C-
1#-')&-1#-' I," C-
1#-')&-1#-'
priority" or IP ,&CP
0alue!
-
C-2 =ased on o/ple;
traffi
lassifiation
1-5'I
ingress
poliy
Traffi-.ased 0olu/e
ontrol poliy7
onfigures traffi
lassifiation rules to
ategori8e traffi
(inluding -C# ations
and C-2s)" sets Co&
para/eters (different
0olu/e ontrol
para/eters for flows
with different PH=s)"
and speifies pa9et
disarding poliies!
=ased on 1-5'Is
''I -T4)CD
&)Dthern
et ser0ie
PC
.andwid
th
ontrol
poliy
Controls the .andwidth
of one or /ore PCs as
re6uired .eause one
PC /ay arry /ultiple
pri0ate line ser0ies!
-
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<oS
Application
Point
Servic
e
,iff&er0 +orwards the flows
lassified aording to
PH=s to appropriate
egress 6ueues!
=ased on ,iff&er0
Port
poliy
&haping =ased on egress
6ueues
&ets a 6ueue sheduling
algorith/ (&P" C22" or
&PLC22) for 6ueues
with different PH=s .y
setting an egress 6ueue
poliy!
-
Port
shaping
&haping (.ased on an
egress port)
=ased on an entire
egress port
Table 2.2 Eo& tehnologies applia.le to eah Eo& appliation point in the Eo& /odel for
DTH)T,4)-T4 PCD3 ser0ies (''I to 5'I)
<oS
Application
Point
Servic
e
&er0ie
diretion
(''I to
5'I)
''I -T4)CD
&)Dthern
et ser0ie
,iff&er0 &i/ple traffi
ingress pa9ets into
flows with different
PH=s .ased on the
pa9etsJ priorities!
-
5'I -T4
ser0ie
- - -
CD&
ser0ie
- - -
Dthernet
ser0ie
,iff&er0 +orwards the flows
lassified aording to
PH=s to appropriate
egress 6ueues!
=ased on ,iff&er0
Port
poliy
shaping =ased on egress
6ueues
&ets a 6ueue sheduling
algorith/ (&P" C22" or
&PLC22) for 6ueues
with different PH=s .y
setting an egress 6ueue
-
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<oS
Application
Point
Servic
e
poliy!
Port
shaping
&haping (.ased on an
egress port)
=ased on an egress
port
#+%4+%+1 Conestion .anaement
Chen networ9 ongestion ours or aggregates" speifi pa9et disarding poliies are used to
ensure the Eo& of ser0ies of higher priorities!
The o//on pa9et disarding poliies are as follows7
Tail drop poliy
Chen the tail drop poliy is used" the pa9ets that arri0e after a 6ueue is full are
disarded!
Ceighted rando/ early detetion (C2D,)
Chen the C2D, poliy is used" the 6ueue length and priorities of pa9ets (olors) are
onsidered for pa9et disarding! The user an onfigure the pa9et disarding as
follows7 The pa9ets of higher disarding priorities (suh as red pa9ets and yellow
pa9ets) are disarded first! These pa9ets are /ore pro.a.le to .e disarded!
This setion desri.es the apaity of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent for supporting Eo&!
Ta.le 1-23( pro0ides speifiations assoiated with Eo&!
Table 1.1 &peifiations assoiated with Eo&
Item Speci6cations
,iff%er& Maximum umber of
su--orted ,iff%er& 3,%4
domais
*
)>Bs C&3
C&B
D+
-+@
-+3
-+2
-+1
=D
A--licable -ort t/-es Dthernet port
T/-es of trusted -ac*et
-riorities
C1#-' priority
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Item Speci6cations
&1#-' priority
,&CP 0alues
4P#& D%P 0alues
NOTE
+or point-to-point transparent trans/ission
Dthernet ser0ies (5'I-5'I)" a 5'I port
only trusts pa9ets arrying ,&CP 0alues
if the enapsulation type of the 5'I port is
set to Null!
- EinE-.ased ''I port only trusts
pa9ets arrying ,&CP 0alues or &-1#-'
priorities!
-n 4P#&-.ased ''I port only trusts
pa9ets arrying 4P#& D%P 0alues!
Com-lex
traffic
classificatio
A--licatio -oit Ingress port
Traffic classificatio met$ods =ased on ,&CP 0alue
=ased on C1#-' I,
=ased on C1#-' priority
=ased on &1#-' I,
=ased on &1#-' priority
=ased on C1#-' I, L C1#-'
priority
=ased on &1#-' I, L &1#-' priority
+o% o-eratios based o
com-lex traffic classificatio
-ess ontrol list (-C#) .ased on
o/ple; traffi lassifiation
-ssigning a new PH= to a ser0ie flow
.ased on o/ple; traffi lassifiation
-ssigning a new PH= to a ser0ie flow
.ased on o/ple; traffi lassifiation
&haping .ased on o/ple; traffi
lassifiation (egress diretion)
CA2 &er0ie flows .ased on o/ple; traffi
lassifiation
Traffic s$a-ig &er0ie flows .ased on o/ple; traffi
lassifiation
&er0ie flows .ased on egress 6ueues
&er0ie flows .ased on an egress port
+ueue
sc$edulig
Number of egress ?ueues *
+ueue sc$edulig algorit$m &P
C+E
&PLC+E
"eig$t allocatio i "F+ The default weights an .e hanged!
Copyright Huawei
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Item Speci6cations
NOTE
The default 6ueue sheduling algorith/ is
&P for C&3" C&B" D+" and =D 6ueues" and
C22 for -+1--+@ 6ueues! The weight for
C22 is 2(U!
%u--orted -olic/

Port poliy
1-5'I Ingress poliy

This setion pro0ides the standards and protools assoiated with Eo&!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with Eo&7
IDT+ 2+C 230A7 2eo//endations on Eueue 4anage/ent and Congestion -0oidane
in the Internet
IDT+ 2+C 2BA37 - &ingle 2ate Three Color 4ar9er
IDT+ 2+C 2BA37 - Two 2ate Three Color 4ar9er
IDT+ 2+C 2(A37 -ssured +orwarding PH= <roup
IDT+ 2+C 2(A*7 -n D;pedited +orwarding PH=
IDT+ 2+C @11(7 Dffiient Handling of in-Profile Traffi
IDDD *02!1p7 Traffi Class D;pediting and ,yna/i 4ultiast +iltering
#+%4+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the produts and .oards that support Eo&!
Version Support
Product Version
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
!ard7are Support
)oard
Type
V'
UNI
Inr
ess
Poli
cy
Port
Poli
cy
Port
Sha
pin
Port
;R:
D
Poli
cy
Product
Version
Product Type
C&H, Oes Oes Oes Oes 1100200(C00 and
later
$pti% $&' (00
D4BT Oes Oes Oes Oes

$pti% $&' (007
1100200(C00
and later
$pti% $&' ((07

1100200(C01
and later
$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+ Oes Oes Oes Oes

$pti% $&' (007
1100200(C00
and later
$pti% $&' ((07

1100200(C01
and later
$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+ Oes Oes Oes Oes

$pti% $&' (007
1100200BC01
and later
$pti% $&' ((07

1100200(C01
and later
$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% Oes Oes Oes Oes 1100200(C01 and
later
$pti% $&' ((0
D<@C Oes Oes Oes Oes 1100200BC00 and
later
$pti% $&' ((0
D%1 Oes Oes Oes Oes 1100200BC01 and
later
$pti% $&' ((0
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for Eo& at the networ9 design phase
and the onfiguration and o//issioning phase!
The following ta.le pro0ides the networ9 design priniples of Eo&!
Copyright Huawei
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3b=ect o8 -eature
Dependency and
5imitation
Content o8 -eature
Dependency and
5imitation
Remar,s
Dntire feature Chen the port type is
'5##7 the ,iff&er0 do/ain
is effeti0e when it trusts the
,&CP pa9et typeI the
,iff&er0 do/ain is
ineffeti0e when it trusts the
other types of pa9ets and
all pa9ets will .e /apped
to the .est-effort (=D)
6ueue!
')-
If the /aster port of ross-
.oard #-< is load-sharing"
traffi shaping of the sla0e
port does not ta9e effet" .ut
-C# and C-2 do!
')-
Chen #-< wor9s with

Eo&" only the port poliy
an .e opied to other
ports after one port is
onfigured! The opy
ation i/pro0es
onfiguration effiieny!
Eo& proessing and flow-

.ased perfor/ane
statistis are perfor/ed
separately for the /ain
port and the sla0e ports
on a #-< group!
')-
- port poliy and a 1-5'I
ingress poliy annot o-
e;ist on a physial port!
')-
$nly one of the following
funtions an .e onfigured
for a port7 default
forwarding le0el of a 1-
5'I" Co& funtion speified
in a 1-5'I ingress poliy"
and Co& funtion speified
in a port poliy!
')-
+or 6ueues C&3" C&B" and

D+ to .e shaped at egress
ports" eah 6ueueJs PI2
/ust .e the sa/e as its
CI2!
The CI2 of 6ueue =D

/ust .e set to 0!
')-
Copyright Huawei
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3b=ect o8 -eature
Dependency and
5imitation
Content o8 -eature
Dependency and
5imitation
Remar,s
&er0ie $n the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent" point-to-point
transparently trans/itted D-
#ine ser0ies are /apped to
per-hop .eha0ior (PH=)
le0els .ased on their ,&CP
0alues!
')-
Chen the port type is 'ull"
Dthernet pri0ate line
ser0ies do not support C-
1#-'-.ased traffi
shaping!
')-
Chen the port type is &-

1#-'" EinE ser0ies in
the downstrea/ diretion
do not support C-1#-'-
.ased traffi shaping!
Chen the port type is C-

1#-'" EinE ser0ies
do not support traffi
shaping!
')-
The PC .andwidth
li/itation of 1P#& is not
supported!
')-
,iff&er0 do/ain The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
trusts the pa9ets with C-
1#-' priorities" &-1#-'
priorities" ,&CP 0alues" or
4P#& D%P 0alues!
5ntrusted pa9ets reei0e
=D treat/ent" /eaning that
they are forwarded with .est
effort!
')-
If the ,iff&er0 do/ain is
user-defined" the ,&CP
0alues that are not /apped
to the -+1-C&3 ser0ie
le0els are /apped to the =D
ser0ie le0el .y default and
forwarded with .est effort!
')-
The ,iff&er0 do/ain annot
ha0e the priorities /odified
.ased on the PH= ta.le of
the egress port!
')-
+low lassifiation +low lassifiation an .e ')-
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
3b=ect o8 -eature
Dependency and
5imitation
Content o8 -eature
Dependency and
5imitation
Remar,s
.ased on two o/.inations7
(1) C-1#-' I, and C-
1#-' priorityI (2) &-
1#-' I, and &-1#-'
priority!
The following ta.le pro0ides the onfiguration and o//issioning priniples of Eo&!
3b=ect o8 -eature
Dependency and
5imitation
Content o8 -eature
Dependency and
5imitation
Remar,s
+low lassifiation Chen a si/ple flow
lassifiation and a o/ple;
flow lassifiation are .oth
applia.le to a pa9et" the
o/ple; flow lassifiation
preedesI when /ultiple
o/ple; flow lassifiations
are applia.le to a pa9et"
the highest-priority o/ple;
flow lassifiation preedes!
')-
If the PC .andwidth ontrol
poliy para/eter is set
following the o//itted
aess rate (C-2) para/eter
in the o/ple; traffi
lassifiation /ehanis/"
the setting of PC .andwidth
ontrol poliy para/eter
o0erwrites that of the C-2
para/eter! That is" the PC
.andwidth ontrol poliy
setting ta9es effet" .ut the
C-2 setting does not!
')-
1-5'I Ingress Poliy The 0alue of the para/eter
"ildcard is only 6!
')-
#+%4+* Principles
The C-2 and traffi shaping funtions are i/ple/ented .ased on the to9en .u9et algorith/!
Copyright Huawei
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#+%4+*+# CAR
The C-2 uses the dual to9en .u9et three olor /ar9er algorith/!
To,en )uc,et Alorithm
+igure 1-233 shows the .asi wor9ing priniple of the to9en .u9et algorith/!
Figure 1.1 =asi wor9ing priniple of the to9en .u9et algorith/
'o-en $uc-et
'o-ens
.
.
.
:ac-ets are !iscare! or
processe! in anoter "anner
trou) tis interface
te interface
C(assifi
cation
'o-ens are p(ace!
into te to-en $uc-et
at te specifie! rate
In this algorith/" the to9en .u9et is a ontainer that has a ertain apaity for storing to9ens!
The to9ens are plaed into the .u9et at a speified rate! Chen the nu/.er of to9ens in the
.u9et e;eeds the apaity of the .u9et" the nu/.er of to9ens no longer inreases! - to9en
indiates ertain pa9et traffi! Chen the pa9ets are trans/itted" ertain to9ens are re/o0ed
fro/ the .u9ets aording to the length of the pa9et! Chen the nu/.er of to9ens that are
stored in the to9en .u9et annot support the trans/ission of the pa9ets" these pa9ets are
disarded or proessed in another /anner! Chen the to9en .u9et is filled with to9ens" the
traffi of the pa9ets that is represented .y these to9ens an .e trans/itted" whih allows the
trans/ission of the .urst data! Therefore" the traffi of the .urst pa9ets is deter/ined .y the
apaity of the .u9et!
Dual To,en )uc,et Three Color .ar,er Alorithm
+igure 1-23* shows the .asi wor9ing priniple of the dual to9en .u9et three olor /ar9er
algorith/ that is used .y the C-2!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 =asi wor9ing priniple of the C-2 algorith/
'p 'c
:2R
.
.
.
C2R
.
.
.
C(assifi
cation
In the ase of the dual to9en .u9et three olor /ar9er algorith/" two to9en .u9ets T and
Tp are used and pa9ets are /ar9ed aording to the situations when these pa9ets pass the
to9en .u9et!
The para/eters of these two to9en .u9ets are as follows7
The pa9et is plaed into the T to9en .u9et at the rate of CI2" and the apaity of the
T to9en .u9et is e6ual to the C=&!
The pa9et is plaed into the Tp to9en .u9et at the rate of PI2" and the apaity of the
Tp to9en .u9et is e6ual to the P=&!
- pa9et is /ar9ed as follows7
If a pa9et o.tains the T to9en" this pa9et is /ar9ed green!
This type of pa9ets an pass the restrition of the C-2 and is always forwarded first
e0en in the ase of networ9 ongestion!
If a pa9et o.tains the Tp to9en .ut does not o.tain the T to9en" this pa9et is /ar9ed
yellow!
This type of pa9ets an pass the restrition of the C-2 .ut is always disarded first in
the ase of networ9 ongestion!
If a pa9et does not o.tain the Tp to9en" this pa9et is /ar9ed red!
This type of pa9ets is diretly disarded!
#+%4+*+% Tra>c Shapin
To perfor/ traffi shaping" the dual to9en .u9et three olor /ar9er algorith/ or single to9en
.u9et two olor /ar9er algorith/ is used" with a .uffer 6ueue is added .efore the T to9en
.u9et or Tp to9en .u9et!
Dual To,en )uc,et Three Color .ar,er Alorithm
+igure 1-23A shows the .asi wor9ing priniple of the dual to9en .u9et three olor /ar9er
algorith/ that is used .y traffi shaping!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 =asi wor9ing priniple of the algorith/ used .y traffi shaping
'p
to-en $uc-et
'c
to-en $uc-et
:2R
*
*
*
C2R
*
*
*
7uffer
?ueue
In the ase of the dual to9en .u9et three olor /ar9er algorith/" two to9en .u9ets T and
Tp are used and pa9ets are plaed into different 6ueues aording to the situations when
these pa9ets pass the to9en .u9et!
The para/eters of these two to9en .u9ets are as follows7
The pa9ets are plaed into the T to9en .u9et at a rate e6ual to the CI2" and the
apaity of the T to9en .u9et is e6ual to the C=&!
The pa9ets are plaed into the Tp to9en .u9et at a rate e6ual to the PI2" and the
apaity of the Tp to9en .u9et is e6ual to the P=&!
Chen the .uffer 6ueue is e/pty" the pa9ets are proessed as follows7
If a pa9et does not o.tain the Tp to9en" it is diretly disarded!
If a pa9et o.tains the Tp and T to9ens" it is diretly forwarded!
If a pa9et o.tains the Tp to9en .ut does not o.tain the T to9en" it enters the .uffer
6ueue!
Chen the .uffer 6ueue is not e/pty" the pa9ets are proessed as follows7
If a pa9et o.tains the Tp to9en .ut does not o.tain the T to9en" it enters the .uffer
6ueue! $therwise" it is diretly disarded!
If a pa9et in the .uffer 6ueue o.tains the T to9en" it is diretly forwarded! If a pa9et in
the .uffer 6ueue does not o.tain the T to9en" it is retained in the .uffer 6ueue!
Chen the length of the .uffer 6ueue reahes the preset threshold" the pa9ets in the
.uffer 6ueue are disarded .ased on the ongestion a0oidane algorith/! In this /anner"
the forwarding effiieny and .andwidth utili8ation of the .uffer 6ueue are ensured!
Sinle To,en )uc,et T7o Color .ar,er Alorithm
The +igure 1-2@0 shows the .asi wor9ing priniple of the single to9en .u9et two olor
/ar9er algorith/ that is used .y traffi shaping!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 =asi wor9ing priniple of the algorith/ used .y traffi shaping
'p
to-en
$uc-et
:2R
*
*
*
7uffer
?ueue
In the ase of the single to9en .u9et two olor /ar9er algorith/" a Tp to9en .u9et is used
and pa9ets are plaed into different 6ueues aording to the situations when these pa9ets
pass the to9en .u9et!
The pa9ets are plaed into the Tp to9en .u9et at a rate e6ual to the PI2" and the apaity of
the Tp to9en .u9et is e6ual to the P=&! In this ase" the 0alues of the CI2 and PI2 are e6ual"
and only the PI2 is 0alid!
Chen the .uffer 6ueue is e/pty" the pa9ets are proessed as follows7
If a pa9et o.tains the Tp to9en" it is diretly forwarded!
If a pa9et does not o.tain the Tp to9en" it enters the .uffer 6ueue!
Chen the .uffer 6ueue is not e/pty" the pa9ets are proessed as follows7
If a pa9et o.tains the Tp to9en" it diretly enters the .uffer 6ueue! If this pa9et does not
o.tain the Tp to9en" it is diretly disarded!
If a pa9et in the .uffer 6ueue o.tains the Tp to9en" it is diretly forwarded! If a pa9et
in the .uffer 6ueue does not o.tain the Tp to9en" it is retained in the .uffer 6ueue!
#+%4+1 Con6urin the <oS -eature
The Eo& feature an .e used to pro0ide dediated .andwidths" derease the pa9et loss ratio"
and lower the pa9et trans/ission delay and delay :itter!
#+%4+1+# Creatin a DS Domain
=y reating a ,& do/ain" you an reate the /appings of a new ,& do/ain and onfigure the
ports that use these /appings!
Copyright Huawei
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PrereBuisites
The .oards where /e/.er Dthernet ports loate /ust .e added on NE )ael!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent has a default ,& do/ain" whose Ma--ig 2elatios$i- 1,
is 1 and Ma--ig 2elatios$i- Name is ,efault Ma-! =efore another ,& do/ain is
reated" all the ports .elong to this default ,& do/ain" whih an .e /odified .ut annot
.e deleted!
In a default ,& /apping ta.le" 4P#& D%P /apping is /odifia.le! +or other ,&
do/ains" 4P#& D%P /apping annot .e onfigured or /odified!
#ayer 2 ports an .e applied to a default ,& do/ain! &er0ie pa9ets reei0ed at #ayer 2
ports an .e lassified .ased on 4P#& D%P /apping!
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > ,iff%er& ,omai Maagemet > ,iffser& ,omai
Step % Cli9 New!
The Create ,% ,omai dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & $n the /ain interfae" set the attri.utes of the ,& do/ain!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The para/eter M)!% EF) an .e set only for the default ,& do/ain!
Chen onfiguring a ,& do/ain" you an speify olors used to /ar9 ino/ing pa9ets of the do/ain
aording to the pa9et priorities fro/ -+;1 to -+;3!
Step 0 Cli9 the 1boud Ma--ig 2elatio ta.!
Step 2 Configure the /appings fro/ priorities of ingress pa9ets to PH=s!
Step 4 Cli9 the Outboud Ma--ig 2elatio ta.!
Step * Configure the /appings fro/ priorities of egress pa9ets to PH=s!
Step 1 &elet Board where the appliation ports e;ist fro/ A--licatio )ort!
Step / &elet a port fro/ A&ailable )ort" and then li9 !
Hold on the Ctrl 9ey on the 9ey.oard to selet /ultiple ports!
Step #" Cli9 OK!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Step ## O-tioal= &elet the ,& do/ain for whih you need to add or delete an appliation port on
the /ain interfae!
Step #% O-tioal= Cli9 the A--licatio ObCect ta.!
Step #& O-tioal= Cli9 Modif/" hange the port that uses the ,& do/ain and the pa9et type
identified .y the port!
The pa9ets trusted .y the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent are the CH1#-'" &H1#-'" IP ,&CP or 4P#& D%P
pa9ets that ontain the CH1#-' priority" &H1#-' priority" IP ,&CP 0alue or 4P#& D%P 0alue! =y
default" the untrusted pa9ets are /apped to the =D ser0ie lass for .est-effort forwarding!
....Ed
#+%4+1+% Creatin a Port Policy
Perfor/ this operation to reate a new port poliy and set infor/ation a.out the sheduling"
C22 weights" and shaping of egress 6ueues!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )olic/ Maagemet > )ort )olic/ fro/ the +untion
Tree!
Step % Create a port poliy .y adding a port poliy on the '4&!
1! Cli9 New! The Create )ort )olic/ dialog .o; is displayed!
2! &et the I, and na/e of the port poliy!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
- port C2D, poliy ta9es effet glo.ally! That is" one a C2D, poliy is .ound with one Co& 6ueue
o0er a port" it also ta9es effet for the other Co& 6ueues o0er the port!
3! Cli9 OK!
Step & Create a port poliy .y dupliating an e;isting port poliy!
1! &elet a si/ilar port poliy and li9 Co-/!
The ,u-licate +o% )olic/ dialog .o; is displayed!
2! Change the na/e of the port poliy!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
3! Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+%4+1+& Con6urin the Port ;R:D Policy
This setion desri.es how to reate a port-.ased C2D, drop poliy!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" li9 the desired 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio
> +o% Maagemet > )ort "2E, )olic/ > )ort "2E, )olic/ fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New! In the displayed Create )ort "2E, )olic/ dialog .o;" set related para/eters!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The e6uip/ent do not support #--err ,iscard T$res$old and ,iscard )robabilit/!
The e6uip/ent allows pa9ets to .e disarded only .y the yellow and green olors!
Step & Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+%4+1+0 Creatin the V'UNI Inress Policy
Creating 1-5'I ingress poliies helps ategori8e aessed traffi!
PrereBuisites
Chen you onfigure the 1-5'I ingress poliy" onfigure the following para/eters7
-C# rule" -C# ation" and C-2 para/eters
Procedure
Step # &elet the 'D in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio > +o%
Maagemet > )olic/ Maagemet > '.#N1 1gress )olic/ fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New! Chen the Create '.#N1 1gress )olic/ dialog .o; is displayed" set the following
para/eters7
Poliy I, and poliy na/e
Choose Traffic Classificatio Cofiguratio > New! Chen the Create Traffic
Classificatio dialog .o; is displayed" set the following para/eters7
N Traffi lassifiation I,
N -C# rule (.y li9ing Add)
N -C# ation
N C-2 para/eters (CI2" PI2)
N Coloration /ode
Copyright Huawei
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Cli9 OK to e;it the dialog .o;!
Step & In the Create '.#N1 1gress )olic/ dialog .o;" li9 OK!
....Ed
Related In8ormation
=ased on the 1-5'I ingress poliy that is reated" you an reate a new 1-5'I ingress poliy
6ui9ly .y using the opy funtion! Perfor/ the following proedures7
1! In the '.#N1 1gress )olic/ ta. page" li9 Co-/! Chen the ,u-licate +o% )olic/ is
displayed" selet the poliy to .e opied and enter the na/e of the new poliy! Cli9 OK!
2! 4odify the para/eters of the new poliy to ensure that the new poliy /eets the Eo&
re6uire/ent!
Chen the opy funtion is used" the appliation poliy infor/ation annot .e dupliated!
#+%4+1+2 Creatin a Tra>c -lo7
=y reating a traffi flow" you an set an -C# and onfigure C-2 and shaping funtions for a
speified traffi flow on a speified port!
PrereBuisites
The 1!2B!*!2 Creating a Port Poliy /ust .e reated!
52000
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )ort )olic/ fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the Traffic Classificatio Cofiguratio ta.!
Step & Cli9 New!
The Create Traffic Classificatio dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 &et attri.utes for a new traffi flow!
To reah the opti/al running perfor/ane of the e6uip/ent" the setting relationships .etween C12 and
CB%" and .etween )12 and )B% are reo//ended as follows!
Chen C12 ranges fro/ 6 to 162(" CB% is reo//ended to .e @55(5!
Chen C12 ranges fro/ 1627 to 162(6" CB% is reo//ended to .e 5272H6!
Chen C12 ranges fro/ 162(1 to 162(66" CB% is reo//ended to .e 71I7276!
Chen C12 ranges fro/ 162(61 to 162(666" CB% is reo//ended to .e ((55(I26!
The setting relationships .etween )12 and )B% are reo//ended to .e the sa/e as those .etween C12
and CB%!
Copyright Huawei
3@0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Step 2 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+%4+1+4 Con6urin Port Shapin
This setion desri.es how to onfigure traffi shaping for an egress port!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet .oard /ust .e added on NE )ael!
52000
Copyright Huawei
3@1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )ort %$a-ig Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New!
The New dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &et port shaping para/eters!
2estritions for ena.ling of .oth port shaping and 6ueue shaping are as follows7
If 6ueue shaping is ena.led first" its CI2 and C=& /ust .e set to 0I otherwise" port shaping annot
.e ena.led!
If port shaping is ena.led first" its CI2 and C=& /ust .e set to 0I otherwise" 6ueue shaping annot
.e ena.led!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+%4+/ Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure Eo& aording to networ9
onditions!
#+%4+/+# Description o8 the :9ample
This topi desri.es the networ9ing and data planning of the e;a/ple!
&e0eral $pti% $&' 'Ds for/ a ,iff&er0 do/ain" whih pro0ides ensured end-to-end Eo&
for the Dthernet traffi!
The e6uip/ent that funtions as the ,& edge node pro0ides Eo& ontrol funtions for the
Dthernet traffi!
4apping relation .etween the ser0ie priority and the PH= ser0ie le0el
1-5'I ingress poliy
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent that funtions as the internal ,& node pro0ides the following Eo&
ontrol funtions for the Dthernet traffi7
4apping relation .etween the ser0ie priority and the PH= ser0ie le0el
Tunnel .andwidth ontrol
The /apping relation .etween the ser0ie priority of the internal ,& node and the PH= ser0ie le0el
should .e onsistent with the /apping relation .etween the ser0ie priority of the ,& edge node and
the PH= ser0ie le0el! It is reo//ended that all the e6uip/ent uses the default /apping relations!
The Eo& onfiguration for the internal ,& node is si/pler than the onfiguration for the ,& edge
node! This e;a/ple desri.es only the Eo& onfiguration for the ,& edge node!
+igure 1-2@1 shows the Eo& onfiguration for the Dthernet ser0ie!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of the Eo& onfiguration for the Dthernet ser0ie
OSN 5ternet
s%itc
OSN
'unne(
Core
s%itc
DiffSer/ !o"ain
OSN
@5!)e DS no!eA @2nterna( DS no!eA
@5!)e DS no!eA
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent aesses the Dthernet ser0ies (1#-' K 20" inluding 1oIP"
IPT1" and data ser0ies) of a user to the ,iff&er0 do/ain through the +D interfae! In
addition" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent pro0ides different Eo& le0els for different types of
ser0ies of the user!
Ta.le 1-23B pro0ides the re6uire/ents for the 1-5'I ingress poliy onfiguration for the
Dthernet ser0ie!
Table 1.1 2e6uire/ents for the 1-5'I Ingress Poliy onfiguration for the Dthernet ser0ie
-lo7 Classi6cation Parameters Value
1oIP ser0ie

,&CP 1alue7 10
PH=7 D+
CI27 2 4.it)s
PI27 2 4.it)s
IPT1 ser0ie

,&CP 1alue7 11
PH=7 -+@
CI27 B 4.it)s
PI27 1B 4.it)s
,ata ser0ie

,&CP 1alue7 12
PH=7 =D
CI27 (12 9.it)s
PI27 1B 4.it)s
#+%4+/+% Con6uration Process
This topi desri.es the onfiguration proedures for the e;a/ple!
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e fa/iliar with the networ9ing and data planning of the e;a/ple!
Procedure
Step # &ee 4odifying the 4apping 2elationships for the ,& ,o/ain" onfigure the do/ain!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
This e;a/ple uses the default /apping relation .etween the ser0ie priority and the PH=
ser0ie le0el! Hene" no onfiguration is re6uired!
4apping 2elation I,7 1
4apping 2elation 'a/e7 ,efault 4ap
Step % &ee 1!2B!*!@ Creating the 1-5'I Ingress Poliy" onfigure the 1-5'I ingress poliy!
Poliy I,7 1
Poliy 'a/e7 1-5'I-Ingress
C+E Poliy7 ,efault 0alue
Traffi lassifiation (I, K 1) para/eters are as follows7
N Traffi Classifiation I,7 1
N -C# -tion7 -llowed
N The -C# rule is as follows7
4ath Type7 ,&CP 1alueI 4ath 1alue7 10I Cildard7 20!
N C-2 para/eters are as follows7
Co& D+ =andwidth #i/it Dna.led
CI2 2 4.it)s PI2 2 4.it)s
C=& 120000 .ytes P=& 10000000 .ytes
Coloration 4ode Color =lindness Pa9et Proessing 4ode ,efault 0alue
Co& -+@ =andwidth #i/it Dna.led
CI2 B 4.it)s PI2 1B 4.it)s
C=& 120000 .ytes P=& 10000000 .ytes
Coloration 4ode Color =lindness Pa9et Proessing 4ode ,efault 0alue
Co& =D =andwidth #i/it Dna.led
Copyright Huawei
3@@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
CI2 - PI2 1B 4.it)s
C=& 120000 .ytes P=& 10000000 .ytes
Coloration 4ode Color =lindness Pa9et Proessing
4ode
,efault 0alue
Co& para/eters are as follows7
Co& D+ =andwidth #i/it Dna.led
CI2 2 4.it)s PI2 2 4.it)s
C=& 120000 .ytes P=& 10000000 .ytes
Tail ,rop - C2D, ser0ie-wred
Co& -+@ =andwidth #i/it Dna.led
CI2 B 4.it)s PI2 1B 4.it)s
C=& 120000 .ytes P=& 10000000 .ytes
Co& =D =andwidth #i/it Dna.led
CI2 - PI2 1B 4.it)s
C=& 120000 .ytes P=& 10000000 .ytes
Step & &ee Configuring an 4P#& Tunnel" onfigure the tunnel!
Step 0 Configuring the Dthernet ser0ie" see Configuring D-#ine &er0ies or Configuring D-#-'
&er0ies" and onfigure the 1-5'I ingress poliy!
-pply 1-5'I ingress poliy when onfiguring the Dthernet ser0ie7
Poliy I,7 1
Poliy 'a/e7 1-5'I-Ingress
=efore applying the 1-5'I Ingress and PC polies" you need to set the ser0ie .andwidth!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
3@(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%4+#" Relevant Alarms and :vents
'o alar/ and e0ent are related to Eo&!
#+%4+## <oS Con6uration Parameters
The Eo& funtion is supported and different traffi ontrol poliies for ser0ies of different
priorities are pro0ided!
#+%4+##+# Di@serv Domain .anaement
Configuring HEo& ,iffser0 do/ain /anage/ent is /ainly to /ap ser0ies fro/ different
6ueues to different Per-Hop =eha0iors (PH=s)!
Ta.le 1-233 lists para/eters for ,iffser0 do/ain /anage/ent!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for ,iffser0 do/ain /anage/ent
Parameter Value
Rane
Description
4apping
2elationship I,
1" 2 to * &ets /apping relationship I,s! $ne I, identifies a
set of /apping relationships!
If the I, is set to 1" it indiates the default ,iffser0
do/ain" whih annot .e deleted! The default
,iffser0 do/ain" howe0er" an .e 6ueried! Oou an
reate" /odify" delete" and 6uery the other se0en (2
to *) ,iffser0 do/ains!
4apping
2elationship
'a/e
32 .ytes &ets the na/e of a /apping relationship!
The /apping relationships inlude the ingress
/apping relationship and egress /apping
relationship! In the ase of the ingress /apping
relationship" priorities of 0arious user pa9ets are
/apped into e6uip/ent Co&! In the ase of the
egress /apping relationship" the e6uip/ent Co& is
/apped into priorities of 0arious user pa9ets!
C1#-' 0 to 3 &ets the priority of a C-1#-'!
C1#-' indiates the lient-side 1#-'! The 0alue
3 indiates the highest priority!
&1#-' 0 to 3 &ets the priority of an &-1#-'! &-1#-' indiates
the networ9-side 1#-'! The 0alue 3 indiates the
highest priority!
IP ,&CP 0 to B3 &ets the priority of the IP ,&CP!
The ,&CP field" whih is a part of the ser0ie type
setion in the IP header" la.els the priority on
pa9ets!
4P#& D%P 0 to 3 &ets the priority of the 4P#& D%P!
D%P" whih is a three-.its field in the 4P#& pa9et
header" arries the ,iffser0 infor/ation in the
4P#&!
Copyright Huawei
3@B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter Value
Rane
Description
PH= =D" -+11"
-+12" -+13"
-+21" -+22"
-+23" -+31"
-+32" -+33"
-+@1" -+@2"
-+@3" D+"
C&B" C&3
)>B" per-hop .eha0ior" indiates a forwarding
ation applia.le on nodes in a ,& do/ain!
The Co& defines different ser0ie lasses7
C%@ and C%:7 indiate the highest ser0ie lass!

They apply to signaling trans/ission!
EF7 indiates e;pedited forwarding! It applies to

ser0ies that re6uire low delay and pa9et loss
rate" suh as 0oie and 0ideo ser0ies!
AF1 to AF77 indiate assured forwarding of

ser0ies! They apply to ser0ies that re6uire a
guaranteed rate rather than delay or :itter li/its!
BE7 indiates .est effort trans/ission of ser0ies!

It applies to ser0ies that do not re6uire full
relia.ility!
Chen e6uip/ent in different ,& do/ains is
interonneted" /apping in the egress diretion
needs to .e onfigured so Co& infor/ation an .e
/apped into the priority .it of pa9ets!
=oard D;a/ple7 3-
D4B+
&elets the .oard that adopts the /apping
relationships .etween ,iffser0 do/ains!
-0aila.le Ports &lot nu/.er -
=oard na/e-
Port nu/.er
(usto/i8e the
port na/e)
D;a/ple7 3-
D4B+
#ists ports a0aila.le on the .oard!
&eleted Ports &lot nu/.er -
=oard na/e-
Port nu/.er
(usto/i8e the
port na/e)
D;a/ple7 3-
D4B+-
2(P$2T-2)
#ists seleted ports on the .oard!
Port D;a/ple7 3-
D4B+-
1(P$2T-1)
,isplays seleted ports!
Pa9et Type 0lan" s0lan"
/pls-e;p" ip-
dsp
,efault 0alue7
0lan
)ac*et T/-e speifies the pa9et type!
Copyright Huawei
3@3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%4+##+% Port Policy
This setion desri.es para/eter for onfiguring a port poliy" suh as Co%" and "F+
%c$edule )olic/!
Ta.le 1-23*" Ta.le 1-23A" and Ta.le 1-2@0 list para/eters for a port poliy!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for a port poliy
Poliy I, D;a/ple7 ( &peifies or displays the
I, of a poliy!
-ssign auto/atially Che9ed" 5nhe9ed &elets whether a poliy
I, is alloated
auto/atially!
Poliy 'a/e B@ .ytes &peifies or displays the
na/e of a poliy!
Table 1.2 Para/eters for Co& Configuration
Parameter Value
Rane
Description
Co& C&3" C&B" D+"
-+@" -+3"
-+2" -+1" =D
,efines different ser0ie lasses!
C%@ and C%:7 indiate the highest ser0ie lass!

They apply to signaling trans/ission!
EF7 indiates e;pedited forwarding! It applies to

ser0ies that re6uire low delay and pa9et loss
rate" suh as 0oie and 0ideo ser0ies!
AF1 to AF77 indiate assured forwarding of

ser0ies! They apply to ser0ies that re6uire a
guaranteed rate rather than delay or :itter li/its!
BE7 indiates .est effort trans/ission of ser0ies!

It applies to ser0ies that do not re6uire full
relia.ility!
NOTE
+or 6ueues C&3" C&B" D+" and =D" the default sheduling
poliy is &PI for 6ueues -+1 to -+@" the default
sheduling poliy is C22 and the weight of eah 6ueue is
2(U!
<roo/ Poliy
-fter 2eloading
&P" C22 &ets the groo/ poliy after reloading!
The weighted round ro.in (C22) algorith/

di0ides eah port into se0eral egress 6ueues and
groo/s pa9ets in these 6ueues in turn! This
algorith/ ensures that e0ery 6ueue o.tains a
ertain period of ser0ie!
Copyright Huawei
3@*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter Value
Rane
Description
The strit-priority algorith/ /aps pa9ets of 9ey

ser0ies in to higher priority 6ueues" and pa9ets
of non-9ey ser0ies (suh as e/ail ser0ie) into
lower priority 6ueues! In this way" pa9ets of
9ey ser0ies are always trans/itted with a
higher priority" and pa9ets of non-9ey ser0ies
are trans/itted during the trans/ission inter0als
of 9ey ser0ies!
Dna.le =andwidth
2estrition
Dna.led"
,isa.led
The C12" )12" CB% and )B% an .e set only when
Eable Badwidt$ 2estrictio is set to Eabled!
CI2(9.it)s) 0 to 1023000
,efault 0alue7
B@
Co//its the infor/ation rate for the ser0ie to
pass! This para/eter an .e set only when
Badwidt$ !imit is set to Eabled! The CI2 and
PI2 of C&B" C&3" and +D should .e the sa/e!
NOTE
To reah opti/al e6uip/ent running perfor/ane" setting
of C12 and CB% are reo//ended as follows7
Chen C12 ranges fro/ 6 to 162(" set CB% to @55(5!
Chen C12 ranges fro/ 1627 to 162(6" set CB% to
5272H6!
Chen C12 ranges fro/ 162(1 to 162(66" set CB% to
71I7276!
Chen C12 ranges fro/ 162(61 to 162(666" set CB% to
((55(I26!
The setting relationships .etween )12 and )B% are
reo//ended to .e the sa/e as those .etween C12 and
CB%!
PI2(9.it)s) 0 to 1023000
,efault 0alue7
B@
&ets the /a;i/u/ ser0ie rate allowed to pass! This
para/eter an .e set only when Badwidt$ !imit
is set to Eabled!
C=&(.ytes) 0 to 33((3A20 &ets the o//itted .urst si8e for the traffi to pass
in a short ti/e! This para/eter an .e set only when
Badwidt$ !imit is set to Eabled!
P=&(.ytes) 0 to 33((3A20 &ets the pea9 .urst si8e! This para/eter an .e set
only when Badwidt$ !imit is set to Eabled!
Table 1.( Para/eters for Traffi Classifiation Configuration
Paramet
er
Value Rane Description
Traffi
Classifiatio
n I,
D;a/ple7 2 &peifies or displays the I, of a traffi
lassifiation!
-C# -tion Per/it" ,eny

The aess ontrol list (-C#) deter/ines
Copyright Huawei
3@A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
er
,efault 0alue7 Per/it
whether to forward or disard the pa9ets that
enter the port aording to the speified
/athing rules!
Chen AC! Actio is set to )ermit" the ingress

port aepts and then perfor/s Eo& proessing
for only the pa9ets that /eet the speified
/apping rules!
Chen AC! Actio is set to ,e/" the ingress

port disards the pa9ets that /eet the speified
/apping rules!
Traffi
Classifiatio
n 2ule
D;a/ple7 Protool
Type7 C1lan I,
Traffic Classificatio 2ule indiates rules for
lassifying ser0ie pa9ets!
The neessary para/eters that should .e set for
Traffic Classificatio 2ule inlude Matc$ T/-e
(re6uired)" !ogical 2elatio Betwee Matc$ed
2ules" Matc$ 'alue (re6uired)" and "ildcard
(optional)!
The traffi lassifiation rules apply to only the

port poliy or 1-5'I ingress poliy!
The harater string of a /ath rule (/ath type"

/ath 0alue" and wildard inluded) an
ontain a /a;i/u/ of 12* .ytes!
NOTE
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent do not support 1-5'I funtion!
2elated 1formatio
Currently" e6uip/ent annot identify IP0B pa9ets!
+or details on how to set this para/eter" see the
desription of Matc$ T/-e" Matc$ 'alue"
"ildcard" and !ogical 2elatio Betwee
Matc$ed 2ules!
4ath Type ,&CP 1alue
C1lan I,
C1lan priority
&1lan I,
&1lan priority
,efault 0alue7 ,&CP
1alue
-fter you li9 Add or ,elete" o/ple; traffi

lassifiation an .e perfor/ed on the traffi
that enters the ingress port aording to the
preset /athing rules!
In the ase a speifi ser0ie" o/ple; traffi

lassifiation an .e di0ided into .asi traffi
types aording to the ,&CP 0alue" C-1#-'
I," C-1#-' priority" &-1#-' I," or &-
1#-' priority! Traffi type is .ased on the
assoiated Dthernet pa9ets! Therefore" this
para/eter is set aording to the pa9et type
and the planning infor/ation!
4ath 1alue ,&CP 1alue7 0 to B3
C1lan I,7 0 to @0A@

If the /athing 0alue of the pa9ets is the sa/e
as the preset Matc$ 'alue" the pa9ets /ath
the rules of o/ple; traffi lassifiation!
Copyright Huawei
3(0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
er
C1lan priority7 0 to 3
&1lan I,7 0 to @0A@
&1lan priority7 0 to 3
67 The pa9ets /ath the rules of o/ple; traffi

lassifiation regardless of the speifi /ath
type!
This para/eter is set aording to the planning

infor/ation!
Cildard - This para/eter has a fi;ed 0alue of 6!
In
gr
ess
Co& 'one
C&3
C&B
D+
-+@
-+3
-+2
-+1
=D
,efault 0alue7 'one
This para/eter speifies the PH= ser0ie lass

6ueue /apped .y the traffi lassifiation
pa9ets!
If this para/eter is set to e/pty (-)" the traffi

lassifiation pa9ets /ap the PH= ser0ie
lass 6ueue aording the /apping relation
speified in the topi a.out ,iff&er0 do/ain
/anage/ent!

infor/ation!
Dna.le
=and
width
2estri
tion
,isa.led
Dna.led
,efault 0alue7
Dna.led
This para/eter indiates or speifies whether the

C-2 operation is perfor/ed for the flow in the
ingress diretion!
C12 3*bit0s4" )12 3*bit0s4" CB% 3b/te4" and

)B% 3b/te4 an .e set only when Badwidt$
!imit is set to Eabled!

infor/ation!
CI2(9
.it)s)
-

Chen the rate of the pa9ets is not /ore than the
CI2" the pa9ets are /ar9ed .lue and pass the
C-2 poliing! These pa9ets are first
forwarded in the ase of networ9 ongestion!
Chen the rate of the pa9ets is /ore than the

CI2 .ut not /ore than the PI2" the pa9ets
whose rate is /ore than the CI2 an pass the
restrition of the C-2 and are /ar9ed yellow!
The proessing /ethod of the pa9ets /ar9ed
yellow an .e set to ?Pass? or ?2e/ar9?!
?2e/ar9? indiates that the pa9ets are /apped
into another speified 6ueue of a higher priority
(this is e6ual to hanging the priority of the
pa9ets) and then forwarded to the ne;t port! If
a networ9 ongestion e0ent ours again" the
pa9ets /ar9ed yellow an .e proessed
aording to the new priority!

infor/ation!
PI2(9 -

Copyright Huawei
3(1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
er
.it)s) PI2" the pa9ets that e;eed the rate restrition
are /ar9ed red and diretly disarded!

CI2 .ut not /ore than the PI2" the pa9ets
whose rate is /ore than the CI2 an pass the
restrition of the C-2 and are /ar9ed yellow!
The proessing /ethod of the pa9ets /ar9ed
yellow an .e set to ?Pass? or ?2e/ar9?!
?2e/ar9? indiates that the pa9ets are /apped
into another speified 6ueue of a higher priority
pa9ets) and then forwarded to the ne;t port! If
a networ9 ongestion e0ent ours again" the
pa9ets /ar9ed yellow an .e proessed
aording to the new priority!

infor/ation!
C=&(.
yte)
-

,uring a ertain period" if the rate of the pa9ets
whose proessing /ethod is /ar9ed ?Pass? is
not /ore than the CI2" ertain .urst pa9ets are
allowed and an .e first forwarded in the ase
of networ9 ongestion! The /a;i/u/ traffi of
the .urst pa9ets is deter/ined .y the C=&!

infor/ation!
P=&(.
yte)
-

,uring a ertain period" if the rate of the pa9ets
whose proessing /ethod is /ar9ed ?Pass? is
/ore than the CI2 .ut not /ore than the PI2"
ertain .urst pa9ets are allowed and /ar9ed
yellow! The /a;i/u/ traffi of the .urst
pa9ets is deter/ined .y the P=&!

infor/ation!
Colori
ng
4ode
Color =lindness

This para/eter speifies the C-2 operation
perfor/ed .y the e6uip/ent on the pa9ets!
The pa9ets are dyed aording to the result of
the C-2 operation! The dying rule is
deter/ined .y the o/parison .etween the rate
of the pa9ets and the preset C-2 0alue!
Pa9et
Color
2ed
Oellow
<reen
Pa9ets an .e dyed in three olors7 red" yellow"
and green! The pa9ets in red are first disarded!
Proes
sing
4ode
,isard
Pass
2e/ar9
This para/eter speifies the /ethod of handling

the pa9ets!
,isard7 The pa9ets are disarded!

Copyright Huawei
3(2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
er
Pass7 The pa9ets are forwarded!
2e/ar97 The pa9ets are re/ar9ed! ?2e/ar9?

indiates that the pa9ets are /apped into
another speified 6ueue of a higher priority
pa9ets) and then forwarded to the ne;t port!
2e-
4ar9
Co&
C&3
C&B
D+
-+@
-+3
-+2
-+1
=D
If the handling /ethod is set to ?2e/ar9?" you an
reset the Co& of the pa9ets!
Dg
res
s
Dna.le
=and
width
2estri
tion
,isa.led
Dna.led
,efault 0alue7
Dna.led
This para/eter indiates or speifies whether the

traffi shaping is perfor/ed in the egress
funtion!
C12 3*bit0s4" )12 3*bit0s4" CB% 3b/te4" and

)B% 3b/te4 an .e set only when Badwidt$

infor/ation!
CI2(9
.it)s)
-

In the ase that no pa9ets e;ist in the egress
6ueue7 Chen the rate of the pa9ets is not /ore
than the CI2" these pa9ets diretly enter the
egress 6ueue!
In the ase that ertain pa9ets e;ist in the egress

6ueue7 The pa9ets whose rate passes the
restrition of the PI2 diretly enter the egress
6ueue" whih forwards the pa9ets to the ne;t
port at the CI2!

infor/ation!
PI2(9
.it)s)
-

In the ase that no pa9ets e;ist in the egress
6ueue7 If the rate of the pa9ets is /ore than
the CI2 .ut is not /ore than the PI2" the
pa9ets whose rate is /ore than the CI2 enter
the egress 6ueue" whih forwards the pa9ets to
the ne;t port at the CI2! If the rate of the
pa9ets is /ore than the PI2" the pa9ets are
diretly disarded!
In the ase that ertain pa9ets e;ist in the egress

6ueue7 The pa9ets whose rate passes the
restrition of the PI2 diretly enter the egress
6ueue" whih forwards the pa9ets to the ne;t
Copyright Huawei
3(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Paramet
er
port at the CI2!

infor/ation!
C=&(.
yte)
-

If the rate of the pa9ets is not /ore than the
CI2 during a ertain period" the .urst pa9ets
are diretly trans/itted! The /a;i/u/ traffi
of the .urst pa9ets is deter/ined .y the C=&!

infor/ation!
P=&(.
yte)
-

If the rate of the pa9ets is /ore than the CI2
.ut is not /ore than the PI2 during a ertain
period" the .urst pa9ets enter the egress 6ueue!
The /a;i/u/ traffi of the .urst pa9ets is
deter/ined .y the P=&!

infor/ation!
#+%4+##+& Parameters 8or Con6urin a Port ;R:D Policy
If a port C2D, poliy is ena.led for a 6ueue" the orresponding disarding poliy is
i/ple/ented aording to the pa9et olor when the .uffer of the 6ueue does not o0erflow!
Through this /ethod" the ourrene of networ9 ongestion an derease!
Ta.le 1-2@1 desri.es the para/eters that are used for onfiguring a port C2D, poliy!
Table 1.1 Para/eters that are used for onfiguring a port C2D, poliy
Poliy I, +or e;a/ple" ( &peifies and displays the I, of
the port C2D, poliy!
-uto/atially -ssign Che9ed" 5nhe9ed &peifies whether the poliy I,
is auto/atially assigned!
Poliy I, - /a;i/u/ of B@ .ytes
+or e;a/ple" 1
&peifies and displays the na/e
of the port C2D, poliy!
,ifferent poliies an ha0e the
sa/e na/e!
Pa9et Color 2ed" Oellow" <reen ,isplays pa9et olors!
There are red" yellow" and green
pa9ets! Chen ongestion
ours" red pa9ets are first
disarded" then yellow pa9ets
and green pa9ets!
,isard #ower Threshold 0 to @*0 &peifies and displays the lower
Copyright Huawei
3(@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
(2(B .ytes) ,efault7 32 threshold for disarding pa9ets!
Chen the 6ueue length is

s/aller than the lower
threshold" pa9ets are not
disarded!

larger than the lower
threshold .ut s/aller than the
upper threshold" pa9ets are
disarded .ased on C2D,!

larger than the upper
threshold" pa9ets are
disarded in o/pliane with
the user-defined disard
pro.a.ility!
,isard 5pper Threshold
(2(B .ytes)
0 to @*0
,efault 0alue7 *0
&peifies and displays the upper
threshold for disarding pa9ets!

s/aller than the speified
lower threshold" pa9ets are
not disarded!

larger than the lower
threshold .ut s/aller than the
upper threshold" pa9ets are
disarded .ased on C2D,!

larger than the upper
threshold" all pa9ets are
disarded!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent does
not support the para/eter!
,isard Pro.a.ility (U) 1 to 100
,efault 0alue7 @0
&peifies and displays the pa9et
disard pro.a.ility!
Chen the 6ueue length is larger
than the upper disard threshold"
pa9ets are disarded at a
speifi pro.a.ility!
The /a;i/u/ disard
pro.a.ility is 100U" indiating
that all pa9ets will .e disarded
when the 6ueue length e;eeds
the upper disard threshold!
not support the para/eter!
Copyright Huawei
3((
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%4+##+0 V'UNI Inress Policy
=y onfiguring a 1-5'I ingress poliy" the ino/ing traffi an .e lassified and the C-2
para/eters" Co& para/eters" and pa9et disarding poliy an .e set!
Ta.le 1-2@2 lists para/eters for a 1-5'I ingress poliy!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for a 1-5'I ingress poliy
Parameter Value Description
Poliy I, +or e;a/ple" ( Identifies a poliy!
Port poliy7 0 to 100
1-5'I ingress poliy7

0 to 2000
PC poliy7 0 to 2000
EinE poliy7 0 to 2000

The I,s of poliies of
different types an .e
repeated" whereas the
I,s of poliies of the
sa/e type /ust .e
uni6ue!
-uto/atially -ssign Che9ed" 5nhe9ed &elets whether the I, is
alloated auto/atially!
Poliy 'a/e B@ .ytes &peifies the na/e of a
poliy and identifies a
poliy! ,ifferent poliies
an ha0e the sa/e poliy
na/e!
The poliy na/e should
ontain letters or
nu/erals or .oth with a
/a;i/u/ length of B@
haraters! The
haraters [ or ) are not
supported!
Traffi Classifiation I, 1-(12
+or e;a/ple" 2
I, of a traffi
lassifiation!
#ogial 2elation =etween
4athed 2ules
-nd Chen /ultiple traffi
lassifiation rules are
set this para/eter is used
to speify the logial
relationships .etween
these traffi
lassifiation rules!
Ad7 The pa9et is

passed when it
/athes eah traffi
Copyright Huawei
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lassifiation rule!
4ath Type ,&CP 1alue" C1#-' I,"
C1#-' Priority" &1#-' I,"
&1#-' Priority
,efault7 -
Dah data pa9et has
/any feature 0alues (see
left)! These feature
0alues an .e used as
/ath types a/ong the
traffi lassifiation
rules!
4ath 1alue

Chen Matc$ T/-e is ,%C)
'alue7 0 - B3
Chen Matc$ T/-e is C'!AN

1,7 0 - @0A@
Chen Matc$ T/-e is C'!AN

)riorit/7 0 - 3
Chen Matc$ T/-e is %'!AN

1,7 0 - @0A@
Chen Matc$ T/-e is %'!AN

)riorit/7 0 - 3
,efault7 0
If the 0aria.les in Matc$
T/-e and Matc$ 'alue
are o/pared and found
to .e idential" then the
pa9ets will ha0e
o/plied with the traffi
lassifiation rules
67 The pa9ets /ath

the rules of o/ple;
traffi lassifiation
regardless of the
speifi /ath type!
Cildard 0 Indiates that the pa9ets
need /ath only a
portion of the /ath
0alues!
NOTE
The $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent only supports
"ildcard is 6!
,efault7 Per/it
Per/its or denies the
aess ontrol list (-C#)
for a traffi
lassifiation! The -C#
is used to lassify
reei0ed pa9ets to
deter/ine whether to
forward or disard
pa9ets!
Co& 'one" C&3" C&B" D+" -+@" -+3"
-+2" -+1" =D
,efault7 'one
&peifies different
ser0ie lasses!
Noe7 The priority of

the user pa9ets on
the 1-5'I side are
set aording to the
/apping relation in
the ,& do/ain!
C%@ and C%:7 indiate

the highest ser0ie
lass! They apply to
Copyright Huawei
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signaling
trans/ission!
EF7 indiates
e;pedited forwarding
of ser0ies! It applies
to ser0ies that
re6uire low delay and
pa9et loss rate" suh
as 0oie and 0ideo
ser0ies!
AF1 to AF77 indiate

assured forwarding of
ser0ies! They apply
to ser0ies that
re6uire a guaranteed
rate rather than delay
or :itter li/its!
BE7 indiates .est

effort trans/ission of
ser0ies! It applies to
ser0ies that do not
re6uire full relia.ility!
Dna.le =andwidth
2estrition
,isa.led" Dna.led
,efault7 Dna.led
The C12" )12" CB%"
)B%" Tail ,ro-
T$res$old and )ort
"2E, )olic/ an .e set
only when Badwidt$
CI2(9.it)s) 0 to 10000000 &peifies the o//itted
infor/ation rate (CI2)!
This para/eter an .e set
only when Badwidt$
The CI2 and PI2 of C&3
should .e the sa/e as
those of C&B!
PI2(9.it)s) 0 to 10000000 &ets the /a;i/u/
ser0ie rate allowed to
pass! This para/eter an
.e set only when
Badwidt$ !imit is set
to Eabled!
C=&(.yte) 0 to @2A@AB32A( &ets the o//itted .urst
si8e for the traffi to pass
in a short ti/e! This
para/eter an .e set only
when Badwidt$ !imit
is set to Eabled!
Copyright Huawei
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P=&(.yte) 0 to @2A@AB32A( &ets the pea9 .urst si8e!
only when Badwidt$
Traffi Classifiation 2ule +or e;a/ple" \,&CP 1alue7 070] Indiates rules for
lassifying ser0ie
pa9ets!
The following
para/eters /ust .e
orretly set for Traffic
Classificatio 2ule7
Matc$ T/-e (re6uired)"
!ogical 2elatio
Betwee Matc$ed
2ules" Matc$ 'alue
(re6uired)" and
"ildcard (optional)!
&er0ie I, +or e;a/ple" 123 ,isplays the I, of the
ser0ie o.:et to whih
the poliy is applied!
Interfae +or e;a/ple" 3-D4B+-3(P$2T-
3)R23S
,isplays the interfae to
whih the poliy is
applied!
#+%* !<oS
#+%*+# Introduction
Euality of ser0ie (Eo&) is a /ehanis/ that guarantees a re6uired perfor/ane le0el for
ser0ies in a o//uniation networ9! +or e;a/ple" the re6uired .andwidth" delay" :itter" and
pa9et loss ratio an .e guaranteed! In this way" the re6uest and response of a user or an
appliation satisfy the e;peted le0el of ser0ie perfor/ane!
#+%*+#+# Introduction to <oS
$n legay IP networ9s" all pa9ets are proessed in first in first out (+I+$) 6ueues .y
adopting the .est effort strategy! This /ethod annot /eet the stringent re6uire/ents of
e/erging ser0ies for the .andwidth" delay" and delay :itter! Therefore" the Eo& tehnology is
de0eloped! Eo& pro0ides differentiated ser0ie guarantees for different ser0ies" for e;a/ple"
0oie" 0ideo" and data!
Eo& has the following harateristis7
Pro0ides a speifi user or ser0ie with a dediated .andwidth!
-0oids and /anages networ9 ongestion!
#owers the pa9et loss ratio!
Copyright Huawei
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#e0erages the networ9 traffi and i/pro0es .andwidth utili8ation!
+igure 1-2@2 illustrates Eo& proessing of Dthernet ser0ies on the e6uip/ent!
Figure 1.1 Eo& proessing
For%ar!in)
Fueue sce!u(in)
2n)ress 5)ress
:ac-et s%itcin)
Con)estion
a/oi!ance
7uffer ?ueue
'reso(!
F(o% sapin) an!
?ueue sapin)
Sce!u(in)
Drop
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
:ort sapin)
'o-en
$uc-et
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Si"p(e traffic
c(assification
>appin)
DiffSer/
CoS 3
*
*
*
CoS 8
'raffic
"onitorin)
C.R
'o-en
$uc-et
F(o%
Co"p(e3 traffic
c(assification
#+%*+#+% Introduction to !<oS
Hierarhial 6uality of ser0ie (HEo&) is a Eo& tehni6ue that ontrols traffi .ased on
hierarhial ser0ie /odels! HEo& helps operators pro0ide .andwidth guarantees for /ultiple
users to aess /ultiple ser0ies!
Traditional Eo& shedules traffi .ased on port! The ser0ie flows with the sa/e priority on
one physial port share the sa/e priority 6ueue! -s a result" the ser0ie flows ontend for
resoures in the sa/e priority 6ueue" and thus users and ser0ies annot .e differentiated! To
resol0e this issue" the HEo& tehni6ue appears!
HEo& i/ple/ents Eo& at different le0els suh as port" 1-5'I" and PC" pro0iding refined and
differentiated ser0ies for the usto/ers!
.ultiple Services 8or a Sinle User Share a )and7idth
-s shown in the following figure" the user aesses the networ9 through an Dthernet pri0ate
line and is assured of a .andwidth of 1B 4.it)s for three types of ser0ies7 0oie" 0ideo" and
data! The 0oie and 0ideo ser0ies ha0e a fi;ed .andwidth (CI2 is e6ual to PI2)! &peifially"
the 0oie ser0ie has a 2 4.it)s .andwidth and the 0ideo ser0ie B 4.it)s! +or the data
ser0ie" CI2 is (12 9.it)s and PI2 an reah 1B 4.it)s when idle .andwidth resoures are
a0aila.le!
To /eet the preeding re6uire/ents" different ser0ie lasses are set for 0oie" 0ideo" and data
ser0ies" and .andwidth is set for ser0ie flows with different ser0ie lasses! The total
.andwidth for a user an .e set on the 1-5'I!
Copyright Huawei
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Voice @CoS C 5FA
Vi!eo @CoS C .FBA
Data @CoS C 75A
/,UNI
C2R C 1D >$it/s
:2R C 1D >$it/s
C2R C 2 >$it/s
:2R C 2 >$it/s
C2R C D >$it/s
:2R C D >$it/s
C2R C 512 -$it/s
:2R C 1D >$it/s
.ultiple Service Access Points 8or a Sinle User Share a
)and7idth
-s shown in the following figure" two loal .ranhes (- and =) of a o/pany aess the
networ9 through an Dthernet pri0ate line! The CI2 and PI2 (the total .andwidth) that the
o/pany has applied for are 1B 4.it)s and 32 4.it)s" respeti0ely! In addition" CI2s 10
4.it)s and B 4.it)s are alloated for - and = respeti0ely! Chen idle .andwidth resoures are
a0aila.le" the PI2 for - or = an reah 32 4.it)s!
To /eet the preeding re6uire/ents" the CI2 and PI2 an .e set for - and = on their 1-5'Is!
Then the two 1-5'Is an .e .ound as one 1-5'I group and the total .andwidth that the
o/pany has applied for an .e set for the 1-5'I group!
V-0N2
7ranc .
V-0N2
7ranc 7
/,UNI Group
C2R C 1D >$it/s
:2R C 32 >$it/s
C2R C 10 >$it/s
:2R C 32 >$it/s
C2R C D >$it/s
:2R C 32 >$it/s
7ranc .
7ranc 7
.ultiple Users Share a )and7idth
-s shown in the following figure" users in the .uilding aess the networ9 through optial
fi.ers and the total .andwidth that has .een applied for is (0 4.it)s! There are three
o/panies in the .uilding7 -" =" and C! - and = aess the networ9 through an Dthernet
pri0ate line and C aesses the networ9 through an Dthernet pri0ate networ9! Dah o/pany
is alloated a uni6ue CI2 and an pree/pt idle .andwidth resoures on lin9s! In addition"
eah ser0ie of eah o/pany has its own Eo& re6uire/ents!
To /eet the preeding re6uire/ents" the CI2 and PI2 an .e set for - " =" and C on their 1-
5'Is separately! Then the three 1-5'I s an .e .ound as one 1-5'I group and the total
.andwidth that the .uilding has applied for an .e set for the 1-5'I group! In addition" to
/eet the Eo& re6uire/ents of eah ser0ie of eah o/pany" a uni6ue ser0ie lass an .e set
for eah ser0ie and 1-5'I ingress poliies an .e onfigured to set the .andwidth for ser0ie
flows with different ser0ie lasses separately!
Copyright Huawei
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/,UNI Group
C2R C 50 >$it/s
:2R C 50 >$it/s
C2R C 30 >$it/s
:2R C 50 >$it/s
C2R C 10 >$it/s
:2R C 50 >$it/s
Co"pan# C
Co"pan# 7
Co"pan# .
C2R C 10 >$it/s
:2R C 50 >$it/s
5F
.FB
75
5F
.FB
75
5F
.FB
75
Co"pan# .
Co"pan# 7
Co"pan# C
#+%*+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with HEo&!
#+%*+%+# !<oS ReBuirements
1arious ser0ies pro0ide different re6uire/ents for .andwidths" delay" :itter" and pa9et loss
ratio! Therefore" these ser0ies re6uire different Eo& operations for differentiated ser0ies!
Speci6cations in <oS .easurement
,elay
Indiates the ti/e elapsed after a ser0ie is trans/itted at a referene point and .efore
the ser0ie is reei0ed at another referene point!
Fitter
Indiates the delay inter0al of two onseuti0e pa9ets!
Pa9et loss ratio
Indiates the /a;i/u/ ratio of the disarded pa9ets to the total nu/.er of trans/itted
pa9ets! Pa9et disarding generally results fro/ networ9 ongestion!
Service Types and <oS ReBuirements
Ta9ing typial 3< Dthernet ser0ies as an e;a/ple" Ta.le 1-2@3 pro0ides the 0arious ser0ie
types and orresponding Eo& re6uire/ents!
Table 1.1 &er0ie types and Eo& re6uire/ents
Type o8
Service
Serv
ice
Prio
ritie
s
Typical
Service
Delay ?itter Pac,et
5oss
Control
infor/ation
+ro/
top
down
wards"
ser0i
e
priorit
ies are
in
dese
Dthernet
protool
pa9et
Dthernet
$-4 pa9et
Con0ersatio
nal ser0ie
and
signaling
1oIP
1ideophone
Interati0e
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Type o8
Service
Serv
ice
Prio
ritie
s
Typical
Service
Delay ?itter Pac,et
5oss
ser0ie nding
order!
ga/e
&trea/ing
ser0ie
1$, 'ot sensiti0e &ensiti0e 'ot sensiti0e
Interati0e
ser0ie
Ce. page
.rowsing
=a9ground
ser0ie
D/ail)+il/)4
P3
downloading
+TP ser0ie
#+%*+%+% Di@Serv
The ,iff&er0 /odel pro0ides differentiated ser0ies for users! &peifially" when networ9
ongestion ours" ,iff&er0 ontrols flows and forwards traffi in a differentiated /anner
.ased on lasses of ser0ie (Co&) settings to resol0e ongestion issues!
Related Concepts
,% ,omai
- ,& do/ain" also alled ,iff&er0 do/ain" onsists of ,& nodes that use the sa/e priority
/apping rules!
,% Node
- ,& node i/ple/ents the ,iff&er0 funtion!
,& nodes are lassified into ,& .oundary nodes and ,& interior nodes!
- ,& .oundary node onnets a ,& do/ain to another ,& do/ain or a non-,& do/ain!
They lassify" ontrol" and ondition the traffi that enters ,& do/ain!
- ,& interior node is a ,& node that is not a ,& .oundary node in a ,& do/ain! ,&
interior nodes forward traffi .ased on per-hop .eha0iors (PH=s)!
)>B
PH= defines how traffi is proessed at ,& nodes! 'etwor9 ad/inistrators an /anually
onfigure the /apping .etween pa9et priorities (C-1#-' priorities" &-1#-' priorities"
,&CP 0alues" or 4P#& D%P 0alues) and PH=s!
-t present" IDT+ defines four types of PH=7
Class seletor (C&)7 inludes C&3 and C&B" and is used to forward ontrol signaling!
D;pedited forwarding (D+)7 is used for low-delay ser0ies that /ust .e guaranteed for
users!
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-ssured forwarding (-+)7 inludes four lasses" that is" -+@" -+3" -+2" and -+1! Dah
-+ lass further defines three le0els of drop preedene! Chen users order .andwidth
ser0ie fro/ an Internet ser0ie pro0ider (I&P)" the users /ay .e alloated with a
.andwidth that is greater than the ordered .andwidth for the -+ lass! +or traffi within
the ordered .andwidth" -+ always pro0ides the forwarding guarantees! +or traffi that
e;eeds the ordered .andwidth" -+ degrades the ser0ie lass and ontinues to forward
the traffi instead of dropping it!
=est-effort (=D)7 refers to the traditional IP pa9et transport ser0ie and onerns only
a.out reaha.ility!
Di@Serv Net7or, Structure
+igure 1-2@3 shows the struture of a ,iff&er0 networ9!
Figure 1.1 ,iff&er0 networ9 struture
DiffSer/ Net%or-
2nterior
no!e
7oun!ar#
no!e
7oun!ar#
no!e
0ser
Net%or-
0ser
Net%or-
Chen 'Ds are ,& .oundary nodes" they lassify traffi and perfor/ /ulti-le0el traffi
onditioning .ased on the HEo& /odel! Then the 'Ds alloate different PH=s for
different types of traffi!
Chen 'Ds are ,& interior nodes" they forward traffi .ased on the predefined PH=s!
To su/ up" ,iff&er0 pro0ides ser0ie-speifi Eo&! In addition" it i/ple/ents flow ontrol"
whih is o/ple;" at the networ9 edge" reduing the wor9load of ore e6uip/ent in the
networ9!
.appins )et7een Pac,et Priorities and P!)s
- ,& do/ain defines how to /ap the priority of a pa9et to a speifi PH= upon its arri0al at
a port" and how to /ap the PH= of the pa9et to a speifi priority upon its lea0e!
-s shown in +igure 1-2@@" port 1" port 2" and port 3 are in the sa/e ,& do/ainI pa9ets are
trans/itted to port 1 and port 2 and then are sent out fro/ port 3 after sheduling!
Port 1 trusts pa9ets with C-1#-' priorities!
Port 2 trusts pa9ets with ,&CP 0alues!
Port 3 trusts pa9ets with 4P#& D%P 0alues!
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Figure 1.1 4appings .etween pa9et priorities and PH=s
:ort 1
:ort 2
:ort 3 1 2 3
1 2 3
1
2
3
1
2
3
.F1
. F2
.F3
2 2 3 3
2 3 2 3
1 1
1 1
:ac-ets carr#in) C-V,.N priorities
:ac-ets carr#in) DSC: /a(ues
:ac-ets carr#in) >:,S 5X: /a(ues
Port 1 assigns PH=s to the ingress pa9ets with different C-1#-' priorities aording to
Ta.le 1-2@@! Port 3 writes the priority infor/ation into the D%P fields of egress 4P#&
pa9ets aording to Ta.le 1-2@B!
Port 2 assigns PH=s to ingress pa9ets with different ,&CP 0alues aording to Ta.le 1-2@(!
Port 3 writes the priority infor/ation into the D%P fields of egress 4P#& pa9ets aording
to Ta.le 1-2@B!
Table 1.1 4appings fro/ priorities of ingress pa9ets to PH=s at port 1
Pac,et Priority Type C'V5AN Priority P!)
C-1#-' priority 1 -+1
2 -+2
3 -+3
Table 1.2 4appings fro/ priorities of ingress pa9ets to PH=s at port 2
Pac,et Priority Type DSCP Value P!)
,&CP 0alue 1 -+1
2 -+2
3 -+3
Table 1.( 4appings fro/ priorities of egress pa9ets to PH=s at port 3
Pac,et Priority Type .P5S :IP Value P!)
4P#& D%P 0alue 1 -+1
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Pac,et Priority Type .P5S :IP Value P!)
2 -+2
3 -+3
-ll ports that a ser0ie tra0erses /ust .e onfigured into the sa/e ,& do/ain!
Implementation o8 Di@Serv on :Buipment
+or Dthernet ser0ies on e6uip/ent" users an reate ,& do/ains .ased on physial ports!
-ll e6uip/ent has a default ,& do/ain! =efore a ,& do/ain is reated" all the ports
.elong to this default do/ain! 5sers annot /odify the /apping for the default ,&
do/ain!
In this default ,& do/ain" default /appings .etween pa9et priorities and PH=s are
defined! Ta.le 1-2@3 and Ta.le 1-2@* pro0ide default /appings fro/ priorities of ingress
pa9ets to PH=s" and fro/ PH=s to priorities of egress pa9ets on the e6uip/ent! =D is
a default PH=!
The e6uip/ent trusts pa9ets with C-1#-' priorities" &-1#-' priorities" ,&CP 0alues" or 4P#& D%P
0alues! 5ntrusted pa9ets are treated with .est effort!
Table 1.1 ,efault /appings fro/ priorities of ingress pa9ets to PH=s
C'V5AN
Priority
S'V5AN
Priority
DSCP Value
$Decimal(
.P5S :IP
Value
P!)
0 0 0-3" A" 11" 13"
1(" 13" 1A" 21"
23" 2(" 23" 2A"
31" 33" 3(" 33"
3A" @1-@(" @3"
@A-((" (3-B3
0 =D
1 1 *" 10" 12" 1@ 1 -+1
2 2 1B" 1*" 20" 22 2 -+2
3 3 2@" 2B" 2*" 30 3 -+3
@ @ 32" 3@" 3B" 3* @ -+@
( ( @0" @B ( D+
B B @* B C&B
3 3 (B 3 C&3
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Table 1.2 ,efault /appings fro/ PH=s to priorities of egress pa9ets
P!) C'V5AN
Priority
S'V5AN
Priority
DSCP Value
$Decimal(
.P5S :IP
Value
=D 0 0 0 0
-+1 1 1 *" 12" 1@ 1
-+2 2 2 1B" 20" 22 2
-+3 3 3 2@" 2*" 30 3
-+@ @ @ 32" 3B" 3* @
D+ ( ( @0 (
C&B B B @* B
C&3 3 3 (B 3
Dah e6uip/ent supports a /a;i/u/ of eight ,& do/ains" inluding the default
do/ain!
4appings .etween PH=s and C-1#-' priorities" &-1#-' priorities" ,&CP 0alues" or
4P#& D%P 0alues an .e reated!
#+%*+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the apaity of the e6uip/ent for supporting HEo&!
Item Speci6cations
,iff&er0 4a;i/u/ nu/.er of
supported ,iff&er0 (,&)
do/ains
*
PH=s C&3
C&B
D+
-+@ (-+@1" -+@2" -+@3)
-+3 (-+31" -+32" -+33)
-+2 (-+21" -+22" -+23)
-+1 (-+11" -+12" -+13)
=D
NOTE
Pa9ets /apped to the -+11" -+21" -+31"
and -+@1 6ueues are green .y default!
and -+@3 6ueues are yellow .y default!
and -+@3 6ueues are red .y default!
Pa9ets /apped to the =D" D+" C&B" and
C&3 6ueues are green .y default!
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Item Speci6cations
-pplia.le port types Dthernet port
NOTE
-ll ports that a ser0ie tra0erses /ust .e
onfigured into the sa/e ,& do/ain!
Types of trusted pa9et
priorities
C1#-' priority
&1#-' priority
,&CP 0alues
4P#& D%P 0alues
Co/ple;
traffi
lassifiation
-ppliation point Ingress port
Traffi lassifiation /ethods

=ased on soure IP
=ased on destination IP
=ased on soure 4-C
=ased on destination 4-C
=ased on protool type
=ased on soure port nu/.er
=ased on destination port nu/.er
=ased on IC4P
=ased on ,&CP 0alue
=ased on IP-Preedene
=ased on C1#-' I,
=ased on C1#-' priority
=ased on &1#-' I,
=ased on &1#-' priority
=ased on ,DI
Eo& operations .ased on

-C#-defined .eha0iors! -n aess
ontrol list (-C#) defines two
.eha0iors7 deny and per/it! The
e6uip/ent ontrols networ9 traffi .y
per/itting pa9ets to pass or dropping
pa9ets!
Class of ser0ie (Co&) setting! The

e6uip/ent /aps ser0ie flows to
PH=s .ased on the Co& settings!
Co//itted aess rate (C-2)

proessing! The e6uip/ent li/its 1-
5'I ingress traffi .y applying C-2
poliies!
C-2 Traffi type &er0ie flows .ased on o/ple; traffi
lassifiation
Coloring /ode

Color .lindness
Color sensiti0e
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Item Speci6cations
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of C-2
poliies
*G
CI2 inre/ent B@G.it)s
PI2 inre/ent B@G.it)s
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of -C# poliies *G
Traffi
shaping
Traffi type &er0ie flows .ased on egress 6ueues
&er0ie flows .ased on an egress port
CI2 inre/ent B@G.it)s
PI2 inre/ent B@G.it)s
Congestion
a0oidane
Tail drop &upported
C2D,

Port C2D, poliy
&er0ie C2D, poliy

Eueue
sheduling
'u/.er of egress 6ueues *
Eueue sheduling algorith/ &PLC+E
NOTE
The default 6ueue sheduling algorith/ is &P
for C&3" C&B" D+" and =D 6ueues" and C+E
for -+1--+@ 6ueues!
&upported poliy

Port poliy7 100
1-5'I Ingress poliy7 2(B
1-5'I Dgress poliy7 2(B
PC poliy7 2(B
EinE poliy7 2(B
Port C2D, poliy7 *
&er0ie C2D, poliy7 123

#+%*+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion pro0ides the standards and protools assoiated with Eo&!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with Eo&7
IDT+ 2+C 230A7 2eo//endations on Eueue 4anage/ent and Congestion -0oidane
in the Internet
IDT+ 2+C 2BA37 - &ingle 2ate Three Color 4ar9er
IDT+ 2+C 2BA37 - Two 2ate Three Color 4ar9er
IDT+ 2+C 2(A37 -ssured +orwarding PH= <roup
IDT+ 2+C 2(A*7 -n D;pedited +orwarding PH=
IDT+ 2+C @11(7 Dffiient Handling of in-Profile Traffi
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IDDD *02!1p7 Traffi Class D;pediting and ,yna/i 4ultiast +iltering
#+%*+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the HEo& feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
Applicable
)oard
Applicable Product
Version
Applicable Product
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+%*+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for HEo& at the networ9 design
phase and the onfiguration and o//issioning phase!
3b=ect o8
-eature
Dependency
and 5imitation
Content o8 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
,iff&er0 The default ,iff&er0 do/ain does not support .e reated" deleted"
and /odified!
-n Dthernet port whose enapsulation type is 'ull supports the
pa9ets /apped to =D .y default and forwarded with .est effort!
Traffi lassifiation

&i/ple traffi lassifiation is ,& do/ain-speifi and is
perfor/ed on ingress ports of e6uip/ent!
Co/ple; traffi lassifiation an .e perfor/ed on ingress ports

or of e6uip/ent! +or ingress ports" users an onfigure port
poliies so that the e6uip/ent an perfor/ -C#-defined
.eha0iors for the lass of traffi resulting fro/ o/ple; traffi
lassifiation!
Traffi poliing The e6uip/ent supports C-2 poliing for traffi lasses resulting
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3b=ect o8
-eature
Dependency
and 5imitation
Content o8 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
fro/ o/ple; traffi lassifiation on 1-5'I ingresses!
The e6uip/ent supports the onfiguration of para/eters suh as

CI2" PI2" C=&" and P=&!
Oou an /anually speify the way for proessing pa9ets" whih

are /ar9ed red" yellow" or green during C-2 poliing!
Congestion a0oidane +or e6uip/ent" users an onfigure tail drop and C2D, poliies
for Co& 6ueues arried .y 1-5'I egresses" PCs" EinE lin9s" and
egress ports!
Congestion
/anage/ent
The e6uip/ent supports sheduling of Co& 6ueues arried .y 1-
5'I egresses" PCs" EinE lin9s" and egress ports! The appliation
of 6ueue sheduling on the e6uip/ent is as follows7
Co& 6ueues are sheduled in the following se6uene7 6ueues of

high priorities (C&3" C&B" and D+)" 6ueues of /ediu/
priorities (-+@" -+3" -+2" and -+1)" and 6ueues of low
priority (=D)!
Eueues of high priorities are sheduled using the &P sheduling

tehni6ue! &peifially" they are sheduled in the se6uene of
C&3" C&B" and D+!
Eueues of /ediu/ priorities are sheduled using the C+E

sheduling tehni6ue! &peifially" .andwidth is alloated for
6ueues -+@" -+3" -+2" and -+1 .y weight and they are
sheduled onurrently!
Traffi shaping The e6uip/ent supports traffi shaping for pa9ets arried .y 1-
5'I egresses" 1-5'I groups" PCs" tunnels" EinE lin9s" and
egress ports!
+or 1-5'I egresses" PCs" EinE lin9s" or egress ports" users an

set the PI2 for different Co& 6ueues!
+or 1-5'I groups or tunnels" users an set the PI2 to li/it

.andwidth!
Dntire feature The #-< an wor9 with port poliy or 1-5'I Ingress poliy!
#+%*+* Principles
HEo& tehni6ues inlude traffi lassifiation" traffi poliing" ongestion a0oidane"
ongestion /anage/ent" and traffi shaping! This setion introdues the proessing se6uene
of HEo& tehni6ues on networ9 e6uip/ent and ela.orates on the i/ple/entation priniples
of eah HEo& tehni6ue!
#+%*+*+# Processin SeBuence o8 !<oS TechniBues on
Net7or, :Buipment
This setion introdues the proessing se6uene of HEo& tehni6ues on networ9 e6uip/ent!
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+igure 1-2@( shows the proessing se6uene of HEo& tehni6ues on networ9 e6uip/ent!
Traffi lassifiation (as the preondition for pro0iding differential ser0ies for different
ser0ies) is applied first" and then other HEo& tehni6ues suh as traffi poliing" ongestion
a0oidane" ongestion /anage/ent" and traffi shaping are applied" pro0iding o//itted
ser0ies for 0arious ser0ies that ha0e different networ9 re6uire/ents!
Figure 1.1 Proessing se6uene of HEo& tehni6ues on networ9 e6uip/ent
Sapin) <R5D
C.R
'raffic
c(assification
'raffic
po(icin)
Con)estion
a/oi!ance
Con)estion
"ana)e"ent
'raffic
sapin)
'rans"itte!
pac-ets
Recei/e!
pac-ets
Fueue 1
Fueue 2
Fueue 3
Fueue B
Fueuin)
pac-ets
De-?ueuin)
pac-ets
Droppin)
pac-ets
'raffic
c(assification
#+%*+*+% Tra>c Classi6cation
Traffi lassifiation ategori8es pa9ets aording to rules predefined for the pa9ets" and
i/ple/ents Eo& poliies .ased on the rules that the pa9ets /ath! Traffi lassifiation is the
.asis of Eo&!
There are two traffi lassifiation she/es7 si/ple traffi lassifiation and o/ple; traffi
lassifiation!
To i/pro0e the Eo& ontrol effiieny of the entire networ9" Eo& ontrol .ased on o/ple; traffi
lassifiation is perfor/ed on edge nodes and si/ple Eo& proessing is perfor/ed on internal nodes
in the networ9!
If .oth si/ple traffi lassifiation and o/ple; traffi lassifiation are applia.le to a pa9et"
o/ple; traffi lassifiation ta9es effetI if a pa9et /eets /ultiple o/ple; traffi lassifiation
riteria" the riterion with the highest priority ta9es effet!
The e6uip/ent perfor/s si/ple traffi lassifiation speifi to ,& do/ains and generates a
/apping .etween ser0ies and PH=s .ased on the Eo& infor/ation arried in the ser0ie
pa9ets! 1!23!2!2 ,iff&er0 desri.es traffi lassifiation for different types of ser0ies!
Com-lex traffic classificatio rules
Co/ple; traffi lassifiation is .ased on /ultiple harateristis of pa9et infor/ation (suh
as soure IP" destination IP" soure port" destination port" protool type" et!) as the /athing
rules to find the /apping ta.le to get the /essage orresponding to the le0el of ser0ie" to
pro0ide users with /ore detailed" /ore fle;i.le traffi di0ision!
The e6uip/ent an perfor/ o/ple; traffi lassifiation using the following infor/ation as
/athing rules7
&oure IP -ddress
,estination IP -ddress
&oure 4-C -ddress
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,estination 4-C -ddress
Protool Type
&oure Port
,estination Port
IC4P Pa9et Type Code
IP Preedene 1alue
,DI
C1#-' I,
C-1#-' Priority
&1#-' I,
&-1#-' Priority
,&CP 1alue
4ultiple /athing rules an .e defined for o/ple; traffi lassifiation" and they an ha0e a logial
-', or $2 relationship!
If the /athing rules ha0e a logial -', relationship" then pa9ets an .e lassified into the
speified lass only when the pa9ets /ath all the rules!
If the /athing rules are of a logial $2 relationship" then pa9ets an .e lassified into one lass
when the pa9ets /ath any one of the rules!
Com-lex traffic classificatio be$a&iors
The purpose of traffi lassifiation is to pro0ide differentiated ser0ies! Traffi lassifiation
is possi.le only after users onfigure traffi lassifiers and assoiate the traffi lassifiers with
traffi .eha0iors! Co/ple; traffi lassifiation in0ol0es the following .eha0iors (these
.eha0iors an .e used in o/.inations)7
-C#-defined .eha0iors! -n aess ontrol list (-C#) defines two .eha0iors7 deny and
per/it! The e6uip/ent ontrols networ9 traffi .y per/itting pa9ets to pass or dropping
pa9ets!
Class of ser0ie (Co&) setting! The e6uip/ent /aps ser0ie flows to PH=s .ased on the
Co& settings!
Co//itted aess rate (C-2) proessing! The e6uip/ent li/its 1-5'I ingress traffi .y
applying C-2 poliies!
Implementation o8 Tra>c Classi6cation on :Buipment
&i/ple traffi lassifiation is ,& do/ain-speifi and is perfor/ed on ingress ports of
e6uip/ent!
Co/ple; traffi lassifiation an .e perfor/ed on ingress ports or of e6uip/ent! +or
ingress ports" users an onfigure port poliies so that the e6uip/ent an perfor/ -C#-
defined .eha0iors for the lass of traffi resulting fro/ o/ple; traffi lassifiation!
#+%*+*+& Tra>c Policin $CAR(
Co//itted aess rate (C-2) is a type of traffi poliing tehni6ue" and it assesses the .it
rate of a traffi lass within a speifi ti/e period (long ter/ or short ter/)! C-2 /ar9s a
pa9et green if the pa9et onfor/s to the rate li/it and /ar9s the pa9et either yellow or red
if the pa9et e;eeds the rate li/it! Pa9ets in different olors are treated differently! In this
/anner" C-2 li/its the a/ounts of traffi that enters a networ9!
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Related Concepts
C12
CI2 stands for o//itted infor/ation rate" and it is e;pressed in .it)s!
CB%
C=& stands for o//itted .urst si8e" and it is e;pressed in .ytes!
)12
PI2 stands for pea9 infor/ation rate" and it is e;pressed in .it)s! The PI2 /ust .e greater than
or e6ual to the CI2!
)B%
P=& stands for pea9 .urst si8e" and it is e;pressed in .ytes!
CAR Policin .ethods
Chen C-2 poliing is i/ple/ented" pa9ets are proessed in the following ways7
- pa9et is /ar9ed green if the pa9et does not e;eed the speified CI2!
- pa9et is /ar9ed red if the pa9et e;eeds the speified PI2!
- pa9et is /ar9ed yellow and is allowed to pass if the pa9et e;eeds the CI2 .ut is
.elow the PI2!
Chen the rate of the passing pa9ets is lower than or e6ual to the CI2 during a ti/e
period" .urst forwarding of ertain pa9ets is allowed and these pa9ets are /ar9ed
green! The /a;i/u/ si8e of .urst pa9ets is deter/ined .y the C=& 0alue!
Chen the rate of the passing pa9ets is higher than the CI2 .ut lower than the PI2
during a ti/e period" .urst forwarding of ertain pa9ets is allowed and these pa9ets are
/ar9ed yellow! The /a;i/u/ si8e of .urst pa9ets is deter/ined .y the P=& 0alue!
+or pa9ets that ha0e .een /ar9ed different olors" C-2 poliing allows users to onfigure
the traffi .eha0iors" suh as dropping" passing" or re-/ar9ing! 2e-/ar9ing is to redefine the
PH=s and olors for pa9ets that do not onfor/ to the rate li/it .efore the pa9ets are
forwarded!
+igure 1-2@B shows the traffi hanges after C-2 poliing is perfor/ed! In the figure" the red
pa9ets are onfigured to .e dropped" and the yellow and green pa9ets are onfigured to
pass!
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Figure 1.1 C-2 proessing
:2R
C2R
>7S
C7S
:2R
C2R
CA0
:2R
C2R
>7S
C7S
C-2 poliing is i/ple/ented in either olor-aware or olor-.lind /ode! In olor-aware
/ode" the pre-/ar9ed olor of pa9ets is used during C-2 poliing! In olor-.lind /ode" the
pre-/ar9ed olor of the pa9ets is ignored and is onsidered green during C-2 poliing!
CAR Implementation .echanism
To*e buc*et algorit$m
To help users .etter understand the trTC4 algorith/" the following desri.es how the to9en
.u9et algorith/ .asially wor9s" as shown in +igure 1-2@3!
Figure 1.1 =asi wor9ing priniple of the to9en .u9et algorith/
In the to9en .u9et algorith/" the to9en .u9et is a ontainer for storing to9ens and has a
fi;ed apaity! To9ens are put into the .u9et at a speified rate! Chen the nu/.er of to9ens
reahes the /a;i/u/ apaity of the .u9et" no /ore to9ens an .e added to the .u9et!
Dah to9en represents the a/ount of pa9et traffi that an pass the .u9et! Chen the pa9ets
are sent" the re6uired a/ounts of to9ens are ta9en out of the .u9et .ased on the si8e of the
pa9et that arri0es! If a pa9et arri0es when the .u9et has insuffiient to9ens" the pa9et will
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.e dropped or re-/ar9ed! Chen the .u9et is full of to9ens" all pa9ets that ha0e the sa/e
si8e as the to9ens an .e trans/itted! In this ase" .urst data trans/ission is allowed" whih
/eans that the a/ount of traffi for .urst trans/ission is deter/ined .y the apaity of the
to9en .u9et!
trTCM Algorit$m
+igure 1-2@* shows how the trTC4 algorith/ wor9s during C-2 poliing!
Figure 1.2 =asi wor9ing priniple of the trTC4 algorith/ for C-2 poliing
'c
C2R
*
*
*
C7S
'p
:2R
*
*
*
:7S
C(assifi-
cation
The trTC4 algorith/ uses two to9en .u9ets7 C and P! T represents the present to9ens in the
C .u9et and Tp represents the present to9ens in the P .u9et!
The para/eters for the C and P .u9ets are as follows7
To9ens are put into the C .u9et at the CI2 and the apaity of the .u9et is defined as
C=&!
To9ens are put into the P .u9et at the PI2 and the apaity of the .u9et is defined as
P=&!
In olor-.lind /ode" the following rules are used when /easuring the arri0ing pa9et (assu/e
that the length of the pa9et is =)7
If Tp - = Z 0" the pa9et is /ar9ed red!
If Tp - = >K 0 and T - = Z 0" the pa9et is /ar9ed yellow and Tp dereases .y =!
$therwise" the pa9et is /ar9ed green" and .oth T and Tp derease .y =!
In olor-aware /ode" the following rules are used when /easuring the arri0ing pa9et
(assu/e that the length of the pa9et is =)7
If the pa9et is pre-/ar9ed red" the pa9et re/ains in red!
If the pa9et is pre-/ar9ed yellow and Tp - = Z 0" the pa9et is /ar9ed red!
If the pa9et is pre-/ar9ed yellow" Tp - = >K 0" and T - = Z 0" the pa9et is /ar9ed
yellow and Tp dereases .y =!
$therwise" the pa9et is /ar9ed green" and .oth T and Tp derease .y =!
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Implementation o8 CAR Policin on :Buipment
The e6uip/ent supports C-2 poliing for traffi lasses resulting fro/ o/ple; traffi
lassifiation on 1-5'I ingresses!
The e6uip/ent supports the onfiguration of para/eters suh as CI2" PI2" C=&" and
P=&!
Oou an /anually speify the way for proessing pa9ets" whih are /ar9ed red" yellow"
or green during C-2 poliing!
#+%*+*+0 Conestion Avoidance $Droppin Policies(
-s a traffi ontrol /ehanis/" ongestion a0oidane auto/atially drops pa9ets .ased on
dropping poliies when networ9 ongestion ours!
The e6uip/ent supports two ongestion a0oidane /ehanis/s7 tail drop and weighted
rando/ early detetion (C2D,)!
Tail Drop
If pa9ets arri0e when a 6ueue is full" the pa9ets are dropped!
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Figure 1.1 Tail drop proess
'e pac-ets are
en?ueue!*
Fueue sce!u(in) is
perfor"e!*
:ac-ets
'e pac-ets are sent*
'e pac-ets are !roppe!*
'e ?ueue as
sufficient space to
o(! te pac-ets*
'e ?ueue as
insufficient space to
o(! te pac-ets*
Tail drop is a traditional ongestion a0oidane algorith/! If a large nu/.er of pa9ets fro/ a
TCP onnetion are dropped" the TCP onnetion ti/es out and enters the slow start state!
Then" the TCP onnetion sends fewer pa9ets! Chen pa9ets fro/ /ultiple TCP onnetions
are dropped in a 6ueue" these TCP onnetions enter the ongestion a0oidane and slow start
state at the sa/e ti/e" whih is referred to as glo.al TCP synhroni8ation! Therefore" these
TCP onnetions si/ultaneously send fewer pa9ets to the 6ueue so that the rate of ino/ing
pa9ets is s/aller than the rate of outgoing pa9ets" whih redues .andwidth usage!
;eihted Random :arly Detection $;R:D(
To a0oid glo.al TCP synhroni8ation" pa9ets /ust .e dropped seleti0ely .efore a 6ueue
enters the ongestion state! C2D, is a ongestion a0oidane /ehanis/ used to drop pa9ets
and therefore to pre0ent 6ueues fro/ .eing ongested! C2D, rando/ly drops inreasing
pa9ets that /ay ause ongestion! The drop of pa9ets ensures that the .andwidth onsu/ed
.y egress ports of TCP onnetions is redued slowly and therefore pre0ents slow
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synhroni8ation of a large nu/.er of TCP onnetions! This also redues the a0erage 6ueue
length and shortens the delay for sending traffi!
The C2D, algorith/ is an e;tension to the rando/ early detetion (2D,) algorith/!
The 2D, algorith/ speifies the /ini/u/ and /a;i/u/ thresholds for eah 6ueue and uses
the following rules7
Chen the a0erage 6ueue si8e is s/aller than or e6ual to the /ini/u/ threshold" arri0ing
pa9ets are not dropped!
Chen the a0erage 6ueue si8e is greater than or e6ual to the /a;i/u/ threshold" all
arri0ing pa9ets are dropped!
Chen the a0erage 6ueue si8e is .etween the /ini/u/ and /a;i/u/ thresholds" the
arri0ing pa9ets are rando/ly dropped! The drop pro.a.ility inreases with the a0erage
6ueue si8e!
Figure 1.1 2D,)C2D, proess
'e a/era)e
?ueue si8e is $et%een
te "ini"u" an!
"a3i"u" treso(!s*
'e pac-ets are
en?ueue!*
Fueue sce!u(in) is
perfor"e!*
:ac-ets
'e pac-ets are sent*
'e pac-ets are
!roppe!*
'e a/era)e ?ueue
si8e is s"a((er tan or
e?ua( to te "ini"u"
treso(!*
'e a/era)e ?ueue
si8e is )reater tan or
e?ua( to te "a3i"u"
treso(!*
'e pac-ets are !roppe!
ran!o"(#*
C2D, is si/ilar to 2D," .ut C2D, ta9es into aount .oth the 6ueue si8e and pa9et
priority (olor) when it deter/ines whether to drop a pa9et! 5sers an onfigure pa9ets with
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a higher drop priority (for e;a/ple" red and yellow pa9ets) to .e dropped preferentially and
to ha0e a higher drop pro.a.ility than pa9ets with a lower drop priority!
Figure 1.2 C2D, algorith/
Drop +ro8a8i"ity
<ueue Le!gth
-a7p
0ED
-i! TH
=e""ow
-i! TH
Gree!
-i! TH
0ED
-a7 TH
=e""ow
-a7 TH
Gree!
-a7 TH
3u>>er
-a7
0ED =e""ow Gree!
4a;p7 indiates the /a;i/u/ drop pro.a.ility! 5sually it is set to 1 (100U)!
Application o8 Conestion Avoidance Alorithms on :Buipment
+or e6uip/ent" users an onfigure tail drop and C2D, poliies for Co& 6ueues arried .y
1-5'I egresses" PCs" EinE lin9s" and egress ports!
#+%*+*+2 Conestion .anaement $<ueue Schedulin(
Chen a networ9 ongestion ours" the e6uip/ent pro0ides the ensured Eo& for ser0ies at
the higher le0el .y using different 6ueue sheduling she/es!
The e6uip/ent supports three 6ueue sheduling poliies" na/ely" strit-priority (&P)"
weighted fair 6ueuing (C+E)" and &PLC+E!
SP Schedulin Alorithm
+igure 1-2(2 illustrates the &P sheduling algorith/!
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Figure 1.1 &P sheduling algorith/
!
!
!
&i)est priorit#
,o%est priorit#
CS7
CSD
75
CoS 3
!
!
!
CoS #
CoS 8
!!!
7uffer ?ueue
C(assification Sce!u(in)
,uring &P 6ueue sheduling" pa9ets are trans/itted in a desending order of priority! Chen a
6ueue with a higher priority is e/pty" the pa9ets in the 6ueue with a lower priority an .e
trans/itted! In this /anner" after pa9ets of 9ey ser0ies (suh as DTH $-4) are plaed into
6ueues with higher priorities and pa9ets of non-9ey ser0ies (suh as e/ail ser0ies) are
plaed into 6ueues with lower priorities" pa9ets of the 9ey ser0ies an .e always trans/itted
first" and pa9ets of the non-9ey ser0ies are trans/itted when the data of the 9ey ser0ies is
not proessed!
The disad0antage of the &P sheduling algorith/ is as follows7 If there are pa9ets in the
6ueues with higher priorities when ongestion ours" the pa9ets in the 6ueues with lower
priorities annot .e trans/itted all the ti/e!
The &P she/e is used to shedule 6ueues of higher priorities (that is" 6ueues for pro0iding C&3" C&B"
and D+ ser0ies)!
;-< Schedulin Alorithm
+igure 1-2(3 illustrates the C+E sheduling algorith/!
Figure 1.1 C+E sheduling algorith/
.FB
.F3
.F1
!!!
.F2
<ei)t6 50R
<ei)t6 20R
<ei)t6 20R
<ei)t6 10R
CoS 3
!
!
!
CoS #
CoS 8
7uffer ?ueue
C(assification
Sce!u(in)
The C+E sheduling algorith/ ensures that eah 6ueue o.tains a ertain ser0ie .andwidth!
That is" the C+E ensures the .andwidth resoure alloation .ased on the weight 0alues of the
6ueues in the ase of a lin9 ongestion and full .andwidth utili8ation in the ase of no lin9
ongestion! +or e;a/ple" an +D port pro0ides four 6ueues! The weight proportion of the four
Copyright Huawei
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6ueues is (737171! Therefore" when ongestions our in all the 6ueues" the four 6ueues are
alloated with the (0 4.it)s" 30 4.it)s" 10 4.it)s" and 10 4.it)s .andwidths respeti0ely! If
the first 6ueue ontains no Dthernet fra/e and ongestions our in the other three 6ueues" the
other three 6ueues are alloated with the B0 4.it)s" 20 4.it)s" and 20 4.it)s .andwidths
respeti0ely!
Co/pared with the &P sheduling algorith/" the C+E sheduling algorith/ pre0ents the
disad0antage that pa9ets in the 6ueues with lower priorities /ay fail to o.tain ser0ie for a
long ti/e! In the ase of the C+E algorith/" howe0er" all the .andwidth resoures annot .e
used when ongestions our in the ser0ies of higher priorities!
The C+E she/e is used to shedule 6ueues of higher priorities (that is" 6ueues for pro0iding -+@"
-+3" -+2" and -+1 ser0ies)!
SPJ;-< Schedulin Alorithm
+igure 1-2(@ shows the &PLC+E sheduling algorith/! In the ase of &PLC+E sheduling
algorith/" a group of C+E 6ueues /ust .e alloated with the sa/e 6ueue priority!
Figure 1.1 &PLC+E sheduling algorith/
Sce!u(e
CS7
CSD
5F
.FB
.F3
.F2
.F1
75
<ei)t6 25R
<ei)t6 25R
<ei)t6 25R
<ei)t6 25R
S:
<FF
S:
!!!
CoS 3
!
!
!
CoS #
CoS 8
7uffer ?ueue
C(assification
If the 6ueues that ha0e higher priorities than the C+E 6ueues ontain Dthernet fra/es"
the Dthernet fra/es are trans/itted aording to the &P sheduling algorith/! In this
ase" the Dthernet fra/es in the C+E 6ueues are not trans/itted!
If the 6ueues that ha0e higher priorities than the C+E 6ueues do not ontain Dthernet
fra/es" the Dthernet fra/es in the C+E 6ueues are trans/itted aording to the C+E
sheduling algorith/!
If the C+E 6ueues and the 6ueues that ha0e higher priorities than the C+E 6ueues do
not ontain Dthernet fra/es" the Dthernet fra/es in the 6ueues that ha0e lower priorities
than the C+E 6ueues are trans/itted aording to the &P algorith/!
Application o8 <ueue Schedulin on :Buipment
The e6uip/ent supports sheduling of Co& 6ueues arried .y 1-5'I egresses" PCs" EinE
lin9s" and egress ports! The appliation of 6ueue sheduling on the e6uip/ent is as follows7
Co& 6ueues are sheduled in the following se6uene7 6ueues of high priorities (C&3"
C&B" and D+)" 6ueues of /ediu/ priorities (-+@" -+3" -+2" and -+1)" and 6ueues of
low priority (=D)!
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Eueues of high priorities are sheduled using the &P sheduling tehni6ue! &peifially"
they are sheduled in the se6uene of C&3" C&B" and D+!
Eueues of /ediu/ priorities are sheduled using the C+E sheduling tehni6ue!
&peifially" .andwidth is alloated for 6ueues -+@" -+3" -+2" and -+1 .y weight and
they are sheduled onurrently!
#+%*+*+4 Tra>c Shapin
Traffi shaping li/its the traffi and .urst of an outgoing onnetion in a networ9" and
therefore ensures that the pa9ets are trans/itted e0enly out of the networ9!
Tra>c Shapin .ethods
Traffi shaping is i/ple/ented using a to9en .u9et and a .uffering 6ueue! It proesses
pa9ets in the following ways!
Chen the .uffering 6ueue has no pa9et7
If the rate of pa9ets is lower than or e6ual to the PI2" the pa9ets are diretly
forwarded! (The CI2 and PI2 /ust .e the sa/e .ut only the PI2 is 0alid!)
If the rate of pa9ets e;eeds the PI2" the pa9ets are put into the .uffering 6ueue!
If the rate of pa9ets is onsistently lower than or e6ual to the PI2 .ut it suddenly
e;eeds the PI2 at a ti/e" the .urst forwarding of so/e pa9ets is allowed! The
/a;i/u/ si8e of .urst pa9ets is deter/ined .y the P=& 0alue!
Chen the .uffering 6ueue has pa9ets7
If the .uffering 6ueue is not full" the pa9ets that e;eed the PI2 is put into the .uffering
6ueue" whih then forwards the pa9ets at the speified PI2!
If the .uffering 6ueue is full" the arri0ing pa9ets are dropped diretly!
+igure 1-2(( desri.es the hanges in the traffi after traffi shaping is perfor/ed!
Figure 1.1 Traffi shaping proess
:2R
:7S
:2R
Shapi!g
:2R
-s shown in the figure" after traffi shaping is perfor/ed" the wa0efor/ .eo/es wider on
the hori8ontal a;is! It indiates that pa9ets at a rate higher than the PI2 are put in the
.uffering 6ueue and then slowly forwarded at the PI2!
Copyright Huawei
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Implementation o8 Tra>c Shapin
The e6uip/ent uses the dual to9en .u9et algorith/ to i/ple/ent traffi shaping .ut adds a
.uffering 6ueue in front of the C .u9et (T .u9et)!
+igure 1-2(B shows how traffi shaping is perfor/ed using the dual to9en .u9et algorith/!
Figure 1.1 Traffi shaping i/ple/ented using the single .u9et algorith/
7uffer ?ueue
Drop
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
'reso(!
Con)estion
a/oi!ance
'o-en
$uc-et
C2R
*
*
*
C7S
'o-en
$uc-et
:2R
*
*
*
:7S
The dual to9en .u9et algorith/ uses two to9en .u9ets7 C and P! T represents the present
to9ens in the C .u9et and Tp represents the present to9ens in the P .u9et!
The para/eters for the C and P .u9ets are as follows7
To9ens are put into the C .u9et at the CI2 and the apaity of the .u9et is defined as
C=&!
To9ens are put into the P .u9et at the PI2 and the apaity of the .u9et is defined as
P=&!
Chen the .uffering 6ueue is e/pty" the algorith/ proesses an arri0ing pa9et (assu/ing that
the si8e of the pa9et is =) in the following ways7
If Tp - = Z 0" the pa9et is diretly dropped!
If Tp - = >K 0 and T - = Z 0" the pa9et is put into the .uffering 6ueue!
$therwise" the pa9et is diretly dropped!
Chen the .uffering 6ueue is not e/pty" the algorith/ proesses an arri0ing pa9et (assu/ing
that the si8e of the pa9et is =) in the following ways7
If Tp - = Z 0" the pa9et is diretly dropped!
If Tp - = >K 0 and T - = Z 0" the pa9et is put into the .uffering 6ueue!
If a pa9et in the .uffer 6ueue o.tains the T to9en" it is diretly forwarded! If a pa9et in
the .uffer 6ueue does not o.tain the T to9en" it is retained in the .uffer 6ueue!
Di@erences )et7een Tra>c Shapin and CAR Policin
C-2 poliing is /ainly used to li/it the rate of a traffi lass while traffi shaping is
/ainly used to e0enly forward pa9ets out of a networ9!
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C-2 poliing drops pa9ets that e;eed the rate li/it" while traffi shaping puts the
pa9ets that e;eed the rate li/it into the .uffering 6ueue and e0enly forwards the
.uffered pa9ets when the .u9et has suffiient to9ens! Therefore" traffi shaping has a
s/aller pro.a.ility of dropping pa9ets!
=eause traffi shaping puts the pa9ets that e;eed the rate li/it into the .uffering
6ueue" it inreases ser0ie delay! Howe0er" C-2 poliing does not ha0e this issue!
Implementation o8 Tra>c Shapin on :Buipment
The e6uip/ent supports traffi shaping for pa9ets arried .y 1-5'I egresses" 1-5'I groups"
PCs" tunnels" EinE lin9s" and egress ports!
+or 1-5'I egresses" PCs" EinE lin9s" or egress ports" users an set the PI2 for different
Co& 6ueues!
+or 1-5'I groups or tunnels" users an set the PI2 to li/it .andwidth!
#+%*+1 Implementation o8 !<oS on :Buipment
This setion ela.orates on the i/ple/entation of HEo& for eah ser0ie on e6uip/ent!
Related Concepts
'.#N1
1-5'I is a 0irtual user-to-networ9 interfae! It funtions as an HEo& operational point to
lassify and ontrol Dthernet ser0ie flows! If a physial interfae is e;peted to reei0e
/ultiple Dthernet ser0ies" 1#-' I,s /ust .e used to distinguish these ser0ies! In this
situation" a 1-5'I is e6ui0alent to the o/.ination of the physial interfae and one or one
group of 1#-' I,s! In other words" eah ser0ie orresponds to one 1-5'I! If a physial
interfae is e;peted to reei0e only one ser0ie" no 1#-' I, is attahed to this ser0ie! In
this situation" a 1-5'I is e6ui0alent to the physial interfae!
'.#N1 9rou-
- 1-5'I group onsists of se0eral 1-5'Is! If one user or Dthernet ser0ie has se0eral ser0ie
aess points" these aess points an .e added into a 1-5'I group! In a 1-5'I group" the
total .andwidth for these aess points an .e li/ited!
The following desri.es how ser0ie-speifi HEo& is i/ple/ented!
I/ple/entation of HEo& for Dthernet &er0ies (o0er Tunnels) PCs)
I/ple/entation of HEo& for Dthernet &er0ies (o0er EinE #in9s)
I/ple/entation of HEo& for Dthernet &er0ies (o0er Ports)
Implementation o8 !<oS 8or :thernet Services $over TunnelsA
P;s(
+igure 1-2(3 shows a si/ple Dthernet networ9ing diagra/! $n the networ9 side" the Dthernet
ser0ies are arried .y tunnels)PCs!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 &i/ple Dthernet networ9ing diagra/ (Dthernet ser0ies o0er tunnels)PCs)
N51
2n)ress no!e
N52
'ransit no!e
N53
5)ress no!e
5ternet 5ternet
0ser
Si!e
Net%or-
Si!e
Net%or-
Si!e
0ser
Si!e
The following ela.orates on how HEo& is i/ple/ented at the ingress" transit" and egress
nodes!
>+o% 1m-lemetatio at 1gress Nodes
+igure 1-2(* shows the HEo& operational points" HEo& tehni6ues and appliations! +igure
1-2(A shows the orresponding HEo& /odel for ingress nodes!
Figure 1.2 HEo& operational points" onfigurations" and appliations at ingress nodes (Dthernet
ser0ies o0er tunnels)PCs)
FoS
confi)urations
FoS
operationa(
points
FoS
tecni?ues
User Si#e
Networ* Si#e
V-0N2 )roup V-0N2 2n)ress port 5)ress port 'unne( :<
,i"it on te V-
0N2 )roup
$an!%i!t
Si"p(e traffic
c(assification
:ac-et !roppin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
'raffic sapin)
'raffic sapin)
5)ress "appin)
of te DiffSer/
!o"ain
:ac-et !roppin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
'raffic sapin)
Co"p(e3 traffic
c(assification
Co"p(e3 traffic
c(assification
'raffic sapin) Fueue
sce!u(in)
:ac-et !roppin)
'raffic sapin)
:< $an!%i!t
settin)
,i"it on te
tunne(
$an!%i!t
:< po(ic#
confi)uration
:ort po(ic#
confi)uration
Confi)uration of te
in)ress "appin) for te
DiffSer/ !o"ain
V-0N2
in)ress po(ic#
confi)uration
V-0N2 $an!%i!t
settin)
:ort po(ic# confi)uration
Confi)uration of te
e)ress "appin) for te
DiffSer/ !o"ain
:ort $an!%i!t settin)
Figure 1.( HEo& /odel (Dthernet ser0ies o0er tunnels)PCs)
User Si#e Networ* Si#e
'raffic
c(assification
2n)ress port
/V-0N2
V-0N2
V-0N2
Group
V-0N2 :<
V-0N2 Group
'unne(
:ort
:< 'unne( 5)ress port
:ac-ets
'raffic
sapin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
:ac-et
!roppin)
'raffic
sapin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
:ac-et
!roppin)
'raffic
sapin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
:ac-et
!roppin)
'raffic
sapin)
'raffic
sapin)
'raffic
sapin)
'raffic
sapin)
CS7
CSD
5F
.FB
.F3
.F2
.F1
75
CS7
CSD
5F
.FB
.F3
.F2
.F1
75
CS7
CSD
5F
.FB
.F3
.F2
.F1
75
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-s shown in the figure a.o0e" when ser0ie pa9ets enter the ,& do/ain" the e6uip/ent that
funtions as an ingress node lassifies the traffi to generate a /apping .etween e;ternal
ser0ie priorities and PH=s! The e6uip/ent also predefines forwarding ations for pa9ets
that .elong to different traffi lasses! Then the e6uip/ent shedules 6ueues" deter/ines
whether to drop pa9ets" and perfor/s traffi shaping at eah ser0ie layer" easing or a0oiding
networ9 ongestion!
The following ta.le desri.es the i/ple/entation of HEo& on e6uip/ent that funtions as an
ingress node!
Table (.1 I/ple/entation of HEo& on e6uip/ent (Dthernet ser0ies o0er tunnels)PCs)
!<oS
3perational
Point
Implementation o8 !<oS
Ingress port

Perfor/s si/ple traffi lassifiation for pa9ets .ased on the
ingress /apping speified for the ,& do/ain!
Perfor/s o/ple; traffi lassifiation for pa9ets .ased on the

predefined port poliy and onduts ations defined in the
aess ontrol list (-C#) for the resulting traffi lasses!
1-5'I

Perfor/s o/ple; traffi lassifiation .ased on the predefined
1-5'I ingress poliy and then onduts -C#-defined ations"
deter/ines the Co&" and i/ple/ents C-2 poliing for the
resulting traffi lasses!
&hedules Co& 6ueues" deter/ines whether to drop pa9ets" and

perfor/s traffi shaping .ased on the predefined 1-5'I ingress
poliy!
Perfor/s traffi shaping .ased on the .andwidth speified for

the 1-5'I!
NOTE
If .oth the port poliy and 1-5'I ingress poliy are used on the sa/e
physial port" only the 1-5'I ingress poliy ta9es effet!
1-5'I group Perfor/s traffi shaping .ased on the .andwidth speified for the
1-5'I group!
PC

perfor/s traffi shaping .ased on the predefined PC poliy!

the PC!
Tunnel Perfor/s traffi shaping .ased on the .andwidth speified for the
tunnel!
Dgress port

perfor/s traffi shaping .ased on the predefined port poliy!

the egress port!
2e-/ar9s the priorities for pa9ets .ased on the egress /apping

speified for the ,& do/ain" or writes the priorities into the
D%P fields of the PC pa9ets that are going to lea0e the egress
port!
Copyright Huawei
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!<oS
3perational
Point
NOTE
Chen reating a tunnel)PC" the user an diretly onfigure the D%P fields
for the tunnel)PC! In this ase" the 0alues in the D%P fields of PC pa9ets
are deter/ined .y the speified 0alue instead of the egress /apping
speified for the ,iff&er0 do/ain!
In addition" the user an also onfigure the !%) Mode for the tunnel)PC!
+or a tunnel" !%) Mode speifies whether to write the 0alues in the D%P
fields of tunnel pa9ets .a9 into PC pa9ets when the tunnel la.el of
networ9-side ser0ie pa9ets is .eing stripped! +or a PC" !%) Mode
speifies whether to write the 0alues in the D%P fields of PC pa9ets .a9
into user pa9ets when the PC la.el of networ9-side ser0ie pa9ets is
.eing stripped!
>+o% 1m-lemetatio at Trasit Nodes
The HEo& i/ple/entation at transit nodes is si/ple and /ainly in0ol0es the following
.eha0iors7
Pa9ets at transit nodes are /apped .ased on the /appings of the ,& do/ain!
Perfor/s traffi shaping .ased on the .andwidth speified for the tunnel!
Perfor/s traffi shaping .ased on the .andwidth speified for the egress port!
The egress ports at trans/it nodes use the port poliy to shedule Co& 6ueues" deter/ine
whether to drop pa9ets" and perfor/ traffi shaping!
>+o% 1m-lemetatio at Egress Nodes
+igure 1-2B0 shows the HEo& operational points" HEo& tehni6ues and appliations! +igure
1-2B1 shows the orresponding HEo& /odel for egress nodes!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.7 HEo& operational points" onfigurations" and appliations at egress nodes (Dthernet
ser0ies o0er tunnels)PCs)
2n)ress port 5)ress port V-0N2 )roup V-0N2
,i"it on te
V-0N2 )roup
$an!%i!t
FoS
operationa(
points
FoS
tecni?ues
User Si#e
V-0N2 e)ress
po(ic#
confi)uration
FoS
confi)urations
V-0N2 $an!%i!t
settin)
Networ* Si#e
Si"p(e traffic
c(assification
:ac-et !roppin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
'raffic sapin)
5)ress "appin)
of te DiffSer/
!o"ain
:ac-et !roppin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
'raffic sapin)
Confi)uration
of te in)ress
"appin) for
te DiffSer/
!o"ain
'raffic sapin)
Confi)uration of te
DiffSer/ !o"ain
Figure 1.5 HEo& /odel (Dthernet ser0ies o0er tunnels)PCs)
Networ* Si#e User Si#e
2n)ress port
V-0N2
V-0N2
Group
:ort
V-0N2 V-0N2 )roup 5)ress port
:ac-ets
'raffic
c(assification
'raffic
sapin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
:ac-et
!roppin)
'raffic
sapin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
:ac-et
!roppin)
'raffic
sapin)
'raffic
sapin)
CS7
CSD
5F
.FB
.F3
.F2
.F1
75
CS7
CSD
5F
.FB
.F3
.F2
.F1
75
-s shown in the figure a.o0e" fro/ the networ9 side to the user side" the e6uip/ent first
perfor/s si/ple traffi lassifiation of pa9ets at ingress ports! In other words" the
e6uip/ent generates a /apping .etween the 4P#& D%P 0alues of the PC pa9ets and the
PH=s .ased on the ingress /apping rules speified for the ,& do/ain! Then the e6uip/ent
shedules 6ueues" deter/ines whether to drop pa9ets" and perfor/s traffi shaping at eah
ser0ie layer!
Copyright Huawei
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Table 5.1 I/ple/entation of HEo& on e6uip/ent (Dthernet ser0ies o0er tunnels)PCs)
!<oS
3perational
Point
Ingress port Perfor/s si/ple traffi lassifiation for pa9ets .ased on the
1-5'I

perfor/s traffi shaping .ased on the predefined 1-5'I egress
poliy!

the 1-5'I!
1-5'I group!
Dgress port


the egress port!
4ar9s the priorities for pa9ets .ased on the egress /apping

speified for the ,& do/ain! In other words" the egress port
/aps the PH=s into pa9et priorities!
Implementation o8 !<oS 8or :thernet Services $over <in< 5in,s(
+igure 1-2B2 shows a si/ple Dthernet networ9ing diagra/! $n the networ9 side the Dthernet
ser0ies are arried .y EinE lin9s!
Figure 1.1 &i/ple Dthernet networ9ing diagra/ (Dthernet ser0ies o0er EinE lin9s)
N51
2n)ress no!e
N52
5)ress no!e
5ternet 5ternet
0ser
Si!e
Net%or-
Si!e
Net%or-
Si!e
0ser
Si!e
>+o% 1m-lemetatio at 1gress Nodes
+igure 1-2B3 shows the HEo& operational points" HEo& tehni6ues and appliations" and
+igure 1-2B@ shows the orresponding HEo& /odel for ingress nodes!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.2 HEo& operational points" onfigurations" and appliations at ingress nodes (Dthernet
ser0ies o0er EinE lin9s)
User Si#e
Networ* Si#e
V-0N2 )roup V-0N2 2n)ress port 5)ress port FinF (in-
FinF po(ic#
confi)uration
FinF (in-
$an!%i!t
settin)
FoS
operationa(
points
FoS
tecni?ues
FoS
confi)urations
:ort po(ic#
confi)uration
Confi)uration of te
in)ress "appin) for te
DiffSer/ !o"ain
V-0N2
in)ress po(ic#
confi)uration
V-0N2 $an!%i!t
settin)
,i"it on te
V-0N2 )roup
$an!%i!t
Si"p(e traffic
c(assification
Co"p(e3 traffic
c(assification
:ac-et !roppin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
'raffic sapin)
Co"p(e3 traffic
c(assification
'raffic sapin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
:ac-et !roppin)
'raffic sapin)
5)ress "appin)
of te DiffSer/
!o"ain
:ac-et !roppin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
'raffic sapin)
Confi)uration of te
DiffSer/ !o"ain
Figure 1.( HEo& /odel (Dthernet ser0ies o0er EinE lin9s)
User Si#e Networ* Si#e
2n)ress port
/V-0N2
V-0N2
V-0N2
Group
V-0N2
V-0N2 )roup
:ort
FinF (in- 5)ress port
:ac-ets
FinF
'raffic
c(assification
'raffic
sapin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
:ac-et
!roppin)
'raffic
sapin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
:ac-et
!roppin)
'raffic
sapin)
Fueue
sce!u(in)
:ac-et
!roppin)
'raffic
sapin)
'raffic
sapin)
'raffic
sapin)
CS7
CSD
5F
.FB
.F3
.F2
.F1
75
CS7
CSD
5F
.FB
.F3
.F2
.F1
75
CS7
CSD
5F
.FB
.F3
.F2
.F1
75
-s shown in the figure a.o0e" when ser0ie pa9ets enter the ,& do/ain" e6uip/ent that
funtions as an ingress node lassifies the traffi to generate a /apping .etween e;ternal
ser0ie priorities and PH=s! The e6uip/ent also predefines forwarding ations for pa9ets
that .elong to different traffi lasses! Then the e6uip/ent shedules 6ueues" deter/ines
whether to drop pa9ets" and perfor/s traffi shaping at eah ser0ie layer" easing or a0oiding
networ9 ongestion!
Table (.1 HEo& i/ple/entation at ingress node (Dthernet ser0ies o0er EinE lin9s)
!<oS
3perational
Point
Ingress port

Perfor/s si/ple traffi lassifiation for pa9ets .ased on the
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!<oS
3perational
Point
Perfor/s o/ple; traffi lassifiation for pa9ets .ased on the

predefined port poliy and onduts ations defined in the
aess ontrol list (-C#) for the resulting traffi lasses!
1-5'I

Perfor/s o/ple; traffi lassifiation .ased on the predefined
1-5'I ingress poliy and then onduts -C#-defined ations"
deter/ines the Co&" and i/ple/ents C-2 poliing for the
resulting traffi lasses!

perfor/s traffi shaping .ased on the predefined 1-5'I ingress
poliy!

the 1-5'I!
NOTE
If .oth the port poliy and 1-5'I ingress poliy are used on the sa/e
physial port" only the 1-5'I ingress poliy ta9es effet!
1-5'I group!
EinE lin9

perfor/s traffi shaping .ased on the predefined EinE poliy!

the EinE lin9!
Dgress port


the egress port!
2e-/ar9s the pa9et priorities .ased on the egress /apping

speified for the ,& do/ain!
>+o% 1m-lemetatio at Egress Nodes
HEo& is i/ple/ented in the sa/e way for Dthernet ser0ies o0er EinE lin9s and Dthernet
ser0ies o0er tunnels)PCs at egress nodes! +or details" see +igure 1-2B0 and Ta.le 1-2(0!
Implementation o8 !<oS 8or :thernet Services $over Ports(
Dthernet ser0ies an also .e arried .y ports! The HEo& i/ple/entation for Dthernet
ser0ies o0er ports is si/ilar to that for Dthernet ser0ies o0er EinE lin9s" e;ept that no
EinE lin9s funtion as HEo& operational points! Therefore" for this senario users annot
onfigure the EinE poliy or the EinE lin9 .andwidth!
#+%*+/ Con6uration Process
Configure Eo&)HEo& poliies" and then apply the/ to Eo& o.:ets!
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-lo7chart
Figure 1.1 +lowhart for onfiguring
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Start
Confi)ure a DiffSer/
!o"ain*
Re?uire!
Optiona(
Create <FF po(icies*
Create port <R5D
po(icies*
Create port po(icies*
<R5D
Create ser/ice <R5D
po(icies*
<R5D Create FinF po(icies* <R5D Create :< po(icies* <R5D
Create V-0N2
in)ress/V-0N2 e)ress
po(icies*
H<oS
.pp(# te port po(icies
to ports*
5n! 5n!
.pp(# te :</FinF/V-
0N2 po(icies to
ser/ices*
Create po(icies*
5'& :<53 ser/ice
Confi)ure $an!%i!t
(i"itation on tunne(s*
.pp(# te :< po(icies*
Confi)ure $an!%i!t
(i"itation on :<s*
.pp(# te V-0N2
e)ress po(icies*
Confi)ure $an!%i!t
(i"itation on V-0N2
)roups*
0N2-NN2
NN2-0N2
FinF ser/ice
.pp(# te FinF po(icies*
Confi)ure $an!%i!t
(i"itation on FinF (in-s*
0N2-NN2
.pp(# te V-0N2
e)ress po(icies*
Confi)ure $an!%i!t
(i"itation on V-0N2
)roups*
NN2-0N2
Nati/e 5ternet ser/ice
@carrie! $# portsA
.pp(# te V-0N2 e)ress
po(icies*
Confi)ure $an!%i!t
(i"itation on V-0N2
)roups*
Out$oun!6
.pp(# te V-0N2
in)ress po(icies*
.pp(# te V-0N2
in)ress po(icies*
.pp(# te V-0N2
in)ress po(icies*
2n$oun!6
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Con6urin a Di@Serv Domain
Table 1.1 Configuring a ,iff&er0 do/ain
Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
1 1!23!10!1
Creating a ,&
,o/ain
Preferentially use the default ,iff&er0 do/ain for e6uip/ent to
redue networ9wide Eo& onfiguration wor9load!
2e6uired when the default ,iff&er0 do/ain does not /eet the
re6uire/ents!
&et the para/eters aording to the ser0ie plan!
Creatin Policies
Table 1.1 Creating port poliies
Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
1 1!23!10!10
Creating a C+E
Poliy
2e6uired when the default weighted round ro.in (C+E)
poliies do not /eet the re6uire/ents!
2 1!23!10!*
Creating a Port
C2D, Poliy
2e6uired when egress port 6ueues use the weighted rando/
early detetion (C2D,) algorith/! Dgress port 6ueues use the
tail drop algorith/ .y default!
3 1!23!10!@
Creating a Port
Poliy
2e6uired when the 6ueues at a port need to .e onfigured with
the sheduling algorith/" 6ueue shaping" drop algorith/" and
o/ple; traffi lassifiation!
@ 1!23!10!B
Creating a
Traffi +low
2e6uired when a flow at a port re6uires aess ontrol list
(-C#) operation!
Table 1.2 Creating PC)EinE)1-5'I ingress)1-5'I egress poliies
Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
1 1!23!10!10
Creating a C+E
Poliy
2e6uired when the default C+E poliies do not /eet the
re6uire/ents!
2 1!23!10!A
Creating a
&er0ie C2D,
Poliy
2e6uired when flow 6ueues use the weighted rando/ early
detetion (C2D,) algorith/! +low 6ueues use the tail drop
algorith/ .y default!
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Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
3 1!23!10!1@
Creating a PC
Poliy
2e6uired when the flow 6ueues on a PC need to .e onfigured
with the sheduling algorith/" 6ueue shaping" and drop
algorith/!
1!23!10!1(
Creating a EinE
Poliy
2e6uired when the flow 6ueues on a EinE lin9 need to .e
onfigured with the sheduling algorith/" 6ueue shaping" and
drop algorith/!
1!23!10!11
Creating a 1-
5'I Ingress
Poliy
2e6uired when the flow 6ueues on a 1-5'I need to .e
onfigured with the -C#" C-2" and Co&!
1!23!10!12
Creating a 1-
5'I Dgress
Poliy
2e6uired when the flow 6ueues on a 1-5'I need to .e
onfigured with the sheduling algorith/" 6ueue shaping" and
drop algorith/!
Applyin Port Policies
Table 1.1 -pplying port poliies
Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
1 1!23!10!3
&etting the Port
That 5ses the
Port Poliy
2e6uired when you need to apply reated port poliies to ports!
2 1!23!10!13
Configuring
Port &haping
2e6uired when you need to li/it the egress port .andwidth that
an Dthernet ser0ie oupies!
Applyin V'UNI InressAV'UNI :ress Policies to 5ocal :thernet
Services Carried by Ports
Table 1.1 -pplying 1-5'I igress)1-5'I egress Poliies poliies to loal Dthernet ser0ies arried
.y ports
Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
1 -pplying 1-
5'I igress)1-
5'I egress
poliies
-pply 1-5'I egress poliies when reating loal Dthernet
ser0ies arried .y ports! -lloate .andwidths" drop poliies"
and sheduling poliies to ser0ies with different priorities suh
as 0oie ser0ies and Internet aess ser0ies!
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Applyin P; Policies to :T! P;:& Services
Table 1.1 -pplying PC poliies to DTH PCD3 ser0ies
Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
1 -pplying 1-
5'I igress
poliies
-pply 1-5'I ingress poliies in the 5'I-to-''I diretion
when reating DTH PCD3 ser0ies! -lloate .andwidths" drop
poliies" and sheduling poliies to ser0ies with different
priorities suh as 0oie ser0ies and Internet aess ser0ies!
2 1!23!10!1*
Configuring
=andwidth
#i/itation for
Tunnels
Chen a tunnel arries /ultiple PCs" li/it the .andwidth of
eah PC and the .andwidth of the entire tunnel!
3 1!23!10!1A
Configuring
=andwidth
#i/itation for
PCs
@ -pplying PC
poliies
-pply PC poliies in the 5'I-to-''I diretion when reating
DTH PCD3 ser0ies! -lloate .andwidths" drop poliies" and
sheduling poliies to ser0ies with different priorities suh as
0oie ser0ies and Internet aess ser0ies!
( -pplying 1-
5'I egress
poliies
-pply 1-5'I egress poliies in the ''I-to-5'I diretion when
reating DTH PCD3 ser0ies! -lloate .andwidths" drop
Applyin <in< Policies to <in< Services
Table 1.1 -pplying EinE poliies to EinE ser0ies
Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
1 -pplying 1-
5'I igress
poliies
-pply 1-5'I ingress poliies in the 5'I-to-''I diretion
when reating DTH PCD3 ser0ies! -lloate .andwidths" drop
2 1!23!10!20
Configuring
=andwidth
#i/itation for
EinE #in9s
Chen /ultiple EinE ser0ies are on0erged at one port" li/it
the .andwidth of eah EinE ser0ie!
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Ste
p
3peration Remar,s
3 -pplying EinE
poliies
-pply PC poliies in the 5'I-to-''I diretion when reating
EinE ser0ies! -lloate .andwidths" drop poliies" and
sheduling poliies to ser0ies with different priorities suh as
0oie ser0ies and Internet aess ser0ies!
@ -pplying 1-
5'I egress
poliies
-pply 1-5'I egress poliies in the ''I-to-5'I diretion when
reating DTH PCD3 ser0ies! -lloate .andwidths" drop
#+%*+#" Con6urin the <oS -eature
The Eo& feature an .e used to pro0ide dediated .andwidths" derease the pa9et loss ratio"
and lower the pa9et trans/ission delay and delay :itter!
#+%*+#"+# Creatin a DS Domain
=y reating a ,& do/ain" you an reate the /appings of a new ,& do/ain and onfigure the
ports that use these /appings!
PrereBuisites
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent has a default ,& do/ain" whose Ma--ig 2elatios$i- 1,
is 1 and Ma--ig 2elatios$i- Name is ,efault Ma-! =efore another ,& do/ain is
reated" all the ports .elong to this default ,& do/ain" whih an .e /odified .ut annot
.e deleted!
In a default ,& /apping ta.le" 4P#& D%P /apping is /odifia.le! +or other ,&
do/ains" 4P#& D%P /apping annot .e onfigured or /odified!
#ayer 2 ports an .e applied to a default ,& do/ain! &er0ie pa9ets reei0ed at #ayer 2
ports an .e lassified .ased on 4P#& D%P /apping!
Procedure
Step % Cli9 New!
The Create ,% ,omai dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & $n the /ain interfae" set the attri.utes of the ,& do/ain!
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The para/eter M)!% EF) an .e set only for the default ,& do/ain!
Chen onfiguring a ,& do/ain" you an speify olors used to /ar9 ino/ing pa9ets of the do/ain
aording to the pa9et priorities fro/ -+;1 to -+;3!
Step 0 Cli9 the 1boud Ma--ig 2elatio ta.!
Step 2 Configure the /appings fro/ priorities of ingress pa9ets to PH=s!
Step 4 Cli9 the Outboud Ma--ig 2elatio ta.!
Step * Configure the /appings fro/ priorities of egress pa9ets to PH=s!
Step 1 &elet Board where the appliation ports e;ist fro/ A--licatio )ort!
Step / &elet a port fro/ A&ailable )ort" and then li9 !
Hold on the Ctrl 9ey on the 9ey.oard to selet /ultiple ports!
Step #" Cli9 OK!
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Step ## O-tioal= &elet the ,& do/ain for whih you need to add or delete an appliation port on
the /ain interfae!
Step #% O-tioal= Cli9 the A--licatio ObCect ta.!
Step #& O-tioal= Cli9 Modif/" hange the port that uses the ,& do/ain and the pa9et type
identified .y the port!
The pa9ets trusted .y the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent are the CH1#-'" &H1#-'" IP ,&CP or 4P#& D%P
pa9ets that ontain the CH1#-' priority" &H1#-' priority" IP ,&CP 0alue or 4P#& D%P 0alue! =y
default" the untrusted pa9ets are /apped to the =D ser0ie lass for .est-effort forwarding!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+% .odi8yin the .appin Relationships 8or the DS
Domain
This setion desri.es how to /odify the /apping relationships .etween pa9et priorities and
PH= ser0ie lasses in the in.ound or out.ound of a ,& do/ain!
PrereBuisites
The .oard of the Dthernet ports /ust .e added on NE )ael!
Procedure
Step % &elet the reated ,& do/ain and hange its attri.utes on the /ain interfae!
Step & O-tioal= Change the /apping relationship in the ingress diretion!
1! Cli9 the1boud Ma--ig 2elatio ta.!
2! ,ou.le-li9 the para/eters whose 0alues need to .e hanged and hange the /apping
relationship .etween the pa9et priorities and PH= lasses in the ingress diretion!
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3! Cli9 A--l/!
Step 0 O-tioal= Change the /apping relationship in the egress diretion!
1! Cli9 the Outboud Ma--ig 2elatio ta.!
2! ,ou.le-li9 the para/eters whose 0alues need to .e hanged and hange the /apping
relationship .etween the pa9et priorities and PH= lasses in the egress diretion!
3! Cli9 A--l/! Close the displayed dialog .o;!
Step 2 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+& Chanin the Ports Applied to a DS Domain and
Their Trusted Pac,et Types
This setion desri.es how to add or delete a port that uses the ,& do/ain and set the pa9et
type o0er the port!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Copyright Huawei
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Step % &elet the ,& do/ain for whih you need to add or delete an appliation port on the /ain
interfae!
Step & Cli9 the A--licatio ObCect ta.!
Step 0 Cli9 Modif/!
Step 2 -dd or delete a port that uses the ,& do/ain!
3ption Description
I8+++ Then!!!
Gou need to add a port
that uses the DS domain
1! &elet the .oard where the appliation port is
loated fro/ the drop-down list of Board!
2! &elet the port to .e added fro/ the drop-down
list of A&ailable )ort!
3! Cli9 !
Gou need to delete a port
that uses the DS domain
1! &elet the .oard where the appliation port is
loated fro/ the drop-down list of Board!
2! &elet the port to .e deleted fro/ the -ort list
of %elected )ort!
3! Cli9 !
Gou need to chane the
pac,et type identi6ed by
the port
&elet a new pa9et type fro/ the drop-down list
of )ac*et T/-e!
Hold the Ctrl 9ey on the 9ey .oard to selet /ultiple ports!
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Step 4 Cli9 OK! Close the displayed dialog .o;!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+0 Creatin a Port Policy
Perfor/ this operation to reate a new port poliy and set infor/ation a.out the sheduling"
C22 weights" and shaping of egress 6ueues!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Tree!
Step % Create a port poliy .y adding a port poliy on the '4&!
1! Cli9 New! The Create )ort )olic/ dialog .o; is displayed!
2! &et the I, and na/e of the port poliy!
Copyright Huawei
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- port C2D, poliy ta9es effet glo.ally! That is" one a C2D, poliy is .ound with one Co& 6ueue
o0er a port" it also ta9es effet for the other Co& 6ueues o0er the port!
3! Cli9 OK!
Step & Create a port poliy .y dupliating an e;isting port poliy!
1! &elet a si/ilar port poliy and li9 Co-/!
The ,u-licate +o% )olic/ dialog .o; is displayed!
2! Change the na/e of the port poliy!
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3! Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+2 .odi8yin the Port Policy
This setion desri.es how to hange the para/eter 0alues of a reated port poliy!
PrereBuisites
The port poliy /ust .e reated!
Procedure
Tree!
Step % &elet the port poliy whose para/eter 0alues need to .e hanged!
Step & ,ou.le-li9 the para/eters whose 0alues need to .e hanged and hange the 6ueue
sheduling" pa9et dropping poliies" and 6ueue shaping of the port 6ueues!
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Step 0 Cli9 A--l/! Close the displayed dialog .o;!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+4 Creatin a Tra>c -lo7
=y reating a traffi flow" you an set an -C# and onfigure C-2 and shaping funtions for a
speified traffi flow on a speified port!
PrereBuisites
The 1!23!10!@ Creating a Port Poliy /ust .e reated!
52000
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )ort )olic/ fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the Traffic Classificatio Cofiguratio ta.!
Step & Cli9 New!
Step 0 &et attri.utes for a new traffi flow!
To reah the opti/al running perfor/ane of the e6uip/ent" the setting relationships .etween C12 and
CB%" and .etween )12 and )B% are reo//ended as follows!
Chen C12 ranges fro/ 6 to 162(" CB% is reo//ended to .e @55(5!
Chen C12 ranges fro/ 1627 to 162(6" CB% is reo//ended to .e 5272H6!
Chen C12 ranges fro/ 162(1 to 162(66" CB% is reo//ended to .e 71I7276!
Chen C12 ranges fro/ 162(61 to 162(666" CB% is reo//ended to .e ((55(I26!
The setting relationships .etween )12 and )B% are reo//ended to .e the sa/e as those .etween C12
and CB%!
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Step 2 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+* Settin the Port That Uses the Port Policy
This setion desri.es how to set the port that uses the port poliy!
PrereBuisites
The port poliy /ust .e reated!
Copyright Huawei
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Procedure
Tree!
Step % Cli9 the A--licatio ObCect ta.!
Step & Cli9 Modif/!
Then" the Cofigure )ort dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 &et the port that uses the port poliy!
1! &elet Board where the port that needs to use the port poliy fro/ A--licatio )ort!
2! &elet a port fro/ A&ailable )orts" and then li9 !
Hold the Ctrl 9ey on the 9ey.oard to selet /ultiple ports!
3! Cli9 OK!Close the displayed dialog .o;!
Step 2 ,elete the port that uses the port poliy!
1! &elet the port to .e deleted fro/ %elected )orts and li9 !
Hold the Ctrl 9ey on the 9ey.oard to selet /ultiple ports!
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2! Cli9 OK!Close the displayed dialog .o;!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+1 Creatin a Port ;R:D Policy
This setion desri.es how to reate a port C2D, poliy (C2D, stands for weighted
rando/ early detetion)!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # &elet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Cofiguratio > )ort
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )olic/ Maagemet > )ort "2E, )olic/ fro/ the
+untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 Create!
Step & Configure disard thresholds and disard rates for pa9ets in different olors!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
Copyright Huawei
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....Ed
#+%*+#"+/ Creatin a Service ;R:D Policy
This setion desri.es how to reate a ser0ie C2D, poliy (C2D, stands for weighted
rando/ early detetion)!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )olic/ Maagemet > %er&ice "2E, )olic/ fro/
the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 Create!
Step & Configure disard thresholds and disard rates for pa9ets in different olors!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+#" Creatin a ;-< Policy
This setion desri.es how to reate a C+E poliy!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )olic/ Maagemet > "F+ %c$edulig )olic/
Copyright Huawei
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Step % Cli9 Create
Step & &et the sheduling weight for eah 6ueue!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+## Creatin a V'UNI Inress Policy
=y reating 1-5'I ingress poliies" you an onfigure -C#" Co& and C-2 for a speified
traffi strea/ on the 1-5'I!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )olic/ Maagemet > '.#N1 1gress )olic/ fro/
the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New! The Create '.#N1 1gress )olic/ dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &et the I, and na/e of the 1-5'I Ingress poliy!
Step 0 Cli9 the Traffic Classificatio Cofiguratio ta.!
Step 2 Cli9 New!
Step 4 &et the attri.utes!
Copyright Huawei
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Step * Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+#% Creatin a V'UNI :ress Policy
This setion desri.es how to reate 1-5'I Dgress poliies" inluding sheduling" shaping"
pa9et dropping" and C+E poliies for 1-5'I Dgress 6ueues!
PrereBuisites
Copyright Huawei
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Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )olic/ Maagemet > '.#N1 Egress )olic/ fro/
the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New! The Create '.#N1 Egress )olic/ dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &et the I, and na/e of the 1-5'I Dgress poliy!
Step 0 Configure sheduling" pa9et dropping poliies" and shaping for 1-5'I Dgress 6ueues!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+#& Creatin a V'UNI Group
This setion desri.es how to reate a 1-5'I group and set .andwidth li/itation for the
group!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # &elet an 'D fro/ the o.:et tree in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
Cofiguratio > Et$eret %er&ice Maagemet > '.#N1 9rou- fro/ the funtion tree!
Step % Cli9 New and the New '.#N1 9rou- dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &et para/eters for the 1-5'I group!
Copyright Huawei
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The e6uip/ent support shaping for egress 1-5'I group only!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+#0 Creatin a P; Policy
This setion desri.es how to reate PC poliies" inluding sheduling" shaping" pa9et
dropping" and C+E poliies for PC 6ueues!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )olic/ Maagemet > )" )olic/ fro/ the +untion
Tree!
Step % Cli9 New! The Create )" )olic/ dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &et the I, and na/e of the PC poliy!
Step 0 Configure sheduling" pa9et dropping poliies" and shaping for PC 6ueues!
Copyright Huawei
*1@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
....Ed
#+%*+#"+#2 Creatin a <in< Policy
This setion desri.es how to reate EinE poliies" inluding sheduling" shaping" pa9et
dropping" and C+E poliies for EinE 6ueues!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )olic/ Maagemet > +i+ )olic/ fro/ the
+untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New! The Create +i+ )olic/ dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &et the I, and na/e of the EinE poliy!
Step 0 Configure sheduling" pa9et dropping poliies" and shaping for EinE 6ueues!
Copyright Huawei
*1(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
....Ed
#+%*+#"+#4 Applyin policies 8or :thernet services
This setion desri.es how to apply poliies for Dthernet ser0ies!
PrereBuisites
-n Dthernet ser0ie has .een reated!
- poliy has .een reated!
Procedure
Step # &elet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree in the 'D D;plorer!
Choose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio > Et$eret %er&ice Maagemet > E.
!ie %er&ice fro/ the +untion Tree!
!AN %er&ice fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % &elet the Dthernet ser0ie and li9 +o%!
Step & -pply poliies for Dthernet ser0ies!
-pply the PC poliy!
-pply the EinE poliy!
Copyright Huawei
*1B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-pply the 1-5'I Ingress poliy and 1-5'I Dgress poliy!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/ and lose the dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+#* Con6urin Port Shapin
This setion desri.es how to onfigure traffi shaping for an egress port!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet .oard /ust .e added on NE )ael!
52000
Procedure
Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )ort %$a-ig Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New!
The New dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &et port shaping para/eters!
2estritions for ena.ling of .oth port shaping and 6ueue shaping are as follows7
If 6ueue shaping is ena.led first" its CI2 and C=& /ust .e set to 0I otherwise" port shaping annot
.e ena.led!
If port shaping is ena.led first" its CI2 and C=& /ust .e set to 0I otherwise" 6ueue shaping annot
.e ena.led!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+#1 Con6urin )and7idth 5imitation 8or Tunnels
This setion desri.es how to onfigure .andwidth li/itation for tunnels!
PrereBuisites
- tunnel has .een reated!
Procedure
)ac*et Cofiguratio > M)!% Maagemet > #icast Tuel Maagemet fro/ the
+untion Tree!
Copyright Huawei
*13
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Step % Cli9 the %tatic Tuel ta.!
Step & &elet the 4P#& tunnel and set C12 3*bit0s4!
....Ed
#+%*+#"+#/ Con6urin )and7idth 5imitation 8or P;s
This setion desri.es how to onfigure .andwidth li/itation for PCs arrying DTH PCD3
ser0ies!
PrereBuisites
-n DTH PCD3 ser0ie has .een reated!
Procedure
Step % &elet the DTH PCD3 ser0ie and li9 +o%!
Step & $n the )" ta. page" set the para/eters related to .andwidth li/itation!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/
....Ed
#+%*+#"+%" Con6urin )and7idth 5imitation 8or <in< 5in,s
This setion desri.es how to onfigure .andwidth li/itation for EinE #in9s arrying EinE
ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
*1*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
PrereBuisites
-n EinE ser0ie has .een reated!
Procedure
Step % &elet the EinE ser0ie and li9 +o%!
Step & $n the +i+ !i* ta. page" set the para/eters related to .andwidth li/itation!
....Ed
#+%*+## Relevant Alarms
There is no rele0ant alar/s assoiated with Eo&!
#+%*+#% Relevant Per8ormance :vents
There is no perfor/ane e0ent assoiated with Eo&!
#+%*+#& <oS Con6uration Parameters
The Eo& funtion is supported and different traffi ontrol poliies for ser0ies of different
priorities are pro0ided!
#+%*+#&+# <oSHDi@Serv Domain .anaement
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for /anaging ,iff&er0 (,&) do/ains!
Parameters on the .ain Inter8ace
4apping 2elation I, 1 to *
,efault 0alue7 1
This para/eter indiates the I, of
the /apping relationship .etween
,& do/ains!
NOTE
If one default ,& do/ain e;ists on the
e6uip/ent" Ma--ig 2elatio 1, is
set to 1" and Ma--ig 2elatio Name
is set to ,efault Ma-! If these
Copyright Huawei
*1A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
para/eters are not set" all the ports
.elong to this do/ain!
4apping 2elation 'a/e -
,efault 0alue7 ,efault 4ap
This para/eter indiates the na/e
of the /apping relationship
.etween ,& do/ains!
Parameters 8or Inress .appin Relation
C1#-' 0 to 3

This para/eter indiates the
priority of the C-1#-' of the
ingress pa9ets!
C-1#-' indiates the lient-

side 1#-'" and the 0alue 3
&1#-' 0 to 3

priority of the &-1#-' of the
ingress pa9ets!
&-1#-' indiates the ser0er-

IP ,&CP 0 to B3

,&CP priority of the IP
addresses of the ingress
pa9ets!
The differentiated ser0ies ode

point (,&CP) refers to .its 0-(
of the differentiated ser0ies
(,&) field in the pa9et and
indiates the ser0ie lass and
disarding priority of the
pa9et!
4P#& D%P 0 to 3

,isplays the 4P#& D%P 0alue
of ingress pa9ets!
Chen a pa9et in an egress

6ueue lea0es an ''I port" the
''I port o.tains the pa9et
priority 0alue aording to the
/appings .etween PH= ser0ie
lasses of egress 6ueues and
egress pa9et priorities (4P#&
D%P 0alues)" and writes the
o.tained priority 0alue into the
D%P field of the egress 4P#&
pa9et!
Copyright Huawei
*20
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
PH= =D" -+11" -+12" -+13" -+21"
-+22" -+23" -+31" -+32" -+33"
-+@1" -+@2" -+@3" D+" C&B" C&3
This para/eter indiates the per-

hop .eha0ior (PH=) ser0ie
lass of the ,& do/ain!
The PH= ser0ie lass refers to

the forwarding .eha0ior of the
,& node on the .eha0ior
aggregate (=-) operation! The
forwarding .eha0ior an /eet
the speifi re6uire/ents!
The PH= ser0ie lasses are =D"

-+1" -+2" -+3" -+@" D+" C&B"
and C&3! The priorities
(CH1#-' priority" &H1#-'
priority" ,&CP 0alue and 4P#&
D%P 0alue) ontained in the
pa9ets of the ,& do/ain and
the eight PH= ser0ie lasses
/eet the re6uire/ents of the
speified or default /apping
relationship!
Parameters 8or :ress .appin Relation
PH= =D" -+11" -+12" -+13" -+21"
-+22" -+23" -+31" -+32" -+33"
-+@1" -+@2" -+@3" D+" C&B" C&3

PH= ser0ie lass of the ,&
do/ain!
The PH= ser0ie lass refers to

the forwarding .eha0ior of the
,& node on the .eha0ior
aggregate (=-) operation! The
forwarding .eha0ior an /eet
the speifi re6uire/ents!
The PH= ser0ie lasses are =D"

-+1" -+2" -+3" -+@" D+" C&B"
and C&3! The priorities
(CH1#-' priority" &H1#-'
priority" ,&CP 0alue and 4P#&
D%P 0alue) ontained in the
pa9ets of the ,& do/ain and
the eight PH= ser0ie lasses
/eet the re6uire/ents of the
speified or default /apping
relationship!
C1#-' 0 to 3

priority of the C-1#-' of the
egress pa9ets!
Copyright Huawei
*21
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
C-1#-' indiates the lient-

&1#-' 0 to 3

priority of the &-1#-' of the
egress pa9ets!
&-1#-' indiates the ser0er-

IP ,&CP 0 to B3

,&CP priority of the IP
addresses of the ingress
pa9ets!
The ,&CP refers to .its 0-( of

the ,& field in the pa9et and
indiates the ser0ie lass and
disarding priority of the
pa9et!
4P#& D%P 0 to 3

,isplays the 4P#& D%P 0alue
of egress pa9ets!
Chen a pa9et arri0es at an ''I

port" the ''I port o.tains the
pa9et priority 0alue depending
on its trusted priority type
(4P#& D%P 0alue) and
speifies the PH= ser0ie lass
of the pa9et aording to the
/appings .etween pa9et
priorities and PH= ser0ie
lasses!
Parameters 8or Application Ports
Port - This para/eter indiates the port
that uses the ,& do/ain!
Pa9et Type 0lan" s0lan" ip-dsp" /pls-e;p
,efault 0alue7 0lan
The pa9ets trusted .y the
e6uip/ent are the CH1#-'"
&H1#-' and IP ,&CP pa9ets
that ontain the CH1#-' priority"
&H1#-' priority" ,&CP 0alue or
4P#& 0alue! =y default" the
untrusted pa9ets are /apped to
the =D ser0ie lass for .est-effort
forwarding!
Copyright Huawei
*22
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%*+#&+% <oSHPort Policy
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are related to port poliies!
Poliy I, 1 to 100
,efault 0alue7 1
This para/eter indiates the poliy
I, of the port!
-ssign -uto/atially &eleted" ,eseleted
,efault 0alue7 ,eseleted
This para/eter speifies whether
to auto/atially alloate the poliy
I, of the port poliy! -fter this
para/eter is seleted" the syste/
auto/atially alloates the poliy
I," and then the poliy I, annot
.e set /anually!
Poliy 'a/e - This para/eter indiates or
speifies the poliy na/e of the
port!
C+E &heduling Poliy -
,efault 0alue7 1-C+E ,efault
&heduling
urrent C+E sheduling poliy!
Traffi Classifiation =andwidth
&haring
,isa.led" Dna.led
Dna.le or disa.le the traffi
lassifiation .andwidth sharing!
Dna.le =andwidth 2estrition ,isa.led" Dna.led
This para/eter indiates or
speifies whether traffi shaping is
ena.led for an egress 6ueue
orresponding to a PH= ser0ie
lass!
NOTE
C12 3*bit0s4" )12 3*bit0s4" CB%
3b/tes4" )B% 3b/tes4" Tail ,ro-
T$res$old 325@ b/tes4" and )ort
"2E, )olic/ an .e set only when
CI2(9.it)s) B@ to port .andwidth
,efault 0alue7 B@
&ets the o//itted infor/ation
rate (CI2)!
The CI2 and PI2 of C&3" C&B"

and D+ should .e the sa/e as
those of and D+!
The CI2 of -+@" -+3" -+2" and

-+1 is less than or e6ual to
PI2!
The CI2 of =D is e6ual to 0!

NOTE
Eable Badwidt$ 2estrictio is set
to Eabled!
Copyright Huawei
*23
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
PI2(9.it)s) B@ to port .andwidth
,efault 0alue7 B@
&ets the /a;i/u/ rate for the
ser0ie to pass!
NOTE
to Eabled!
C=&(.ytes) - &ets the o//itted .urst si8e for
the traffi to pass in a short ti/e!
NOTE
This para/eter annot .e set!
P=&(.ytes) - Chen the .uffer 6ueue is e/pty"
ertain .urst pa9ets an .e
forwarded if the rate of the pa9ets
is e6ual to or lower than the PI2 in
a ertain period! The /a;i/u/
traffi of the .urst pa9ets is
NOTE
Tail ,rop Threshold (2(B .ytes) 0 to @0A( &ets the tail drop threshold! Chen
the length of the 6ueue e;eeds the
0alue that is e6ual to the tail drop
threshold /ultiplied .y the .uffer
si8e" all su.se6uent pa9ets are
dropped!
NOTE
Oou an set either Tail ,ro-
T$res$old 325@ b/tes4 or )ort
"2E, )olic/" .ut not .oth!
Eable Badwidt$ 2estrictio is
set to Eabled!
Port C2D, Poliy -
,efault 0alue7 1-default port wred
If the 6ueue length is s/aller than
the lower drop threshold" the
pa9ets are not dropped! If the
6ueue length is .etween the lower
drop threshold and the upper drop
threshold" the pa9ets are
rando/ly disarded! If the 6ueue
length is greater than the upper
drop threshold" all the pa9ets are
dropped!
NOTE
T$res$old 325@ b/tes4 or )ort
set to Eabled!
Copyright Huawei
*2@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%*+#&+& <oSHPort PolicyHTra>c Classi6cation Con6uration
This para/eter desri.es the para/eters that are used for reating traffi lassifiation!
Traffi Classifiation I, 1 to 1B This para/eter speifies the I, of
the traffi lassifiation!

The aess ontrol list (-C#)
deter/ines whether to forward
or disard the pa9ets that enter
the port aording to the
speified /athing rules!
Chen AC! Actio is set to

)ermit" the ingress port aepts
and then perfor/s Eo&
proessing for only the pa9ets
that /eet the speified /apping
rules!

,e/" the ingress port disards
the pa9ets that /eet the
speified /apping rules!
#ogial 2elation =etween 4athed
2ules
-nd" $r
,efault 0alue7 -nd
Chen /ultiple traffi lassifiation
rules are set for a flow" set the
para/eter to speify the logial
relations a/ong these traffi
lassifiation rules!
-nd7 The pa9et /athes the

flow only when the pa9et
/athes eah traffi
lassifiation rule!
$r7 The pa9et /athes the flow

when the pa9et /athes one of
the traffi lassifiation rules!
4ath Type &oure IP -ddress" ,estination IP
-ddress" &oure 4-C -ddress"
,estination 4-C -ddress"
Protool Type" &oure Port"
,estination Port" IC4P Pa9et
Type Code" ,&CP 1alue" IP
Preedene 1alue" C1#-' I," C-
1#-' Priority" &1#-' I," &-
1#-' Priority" ,DI
-fter you li9 Add or ,elete"

an .e perfor/ed on the traffi
that enters the ingress port
aording to the preset
/athing rules!
Dah data pa9et has /any

feature 0alues suh as the IP
address" 4-C address" and port
nu/.er! These feature 0alues
an .e onsidered as /ath
types a/ong the traffi
lassifiation rules!
4ath 1alue

&oure IP -ddress7 for e;a/ple"
If the /athing 0alue of the

Copyright Huawei
*2(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1A2!1B*!1!1
,estination IP -ddress7 for

e;a/ple" 1A2!1B*!2!1
&oure 4-C -ddress7 for

e;a/ple" 00-0f-ef-(@-aa-00
,estination 4-C -ddress7 for

e;a/ple" 00-0f-ef-(@-a.-00
Protool Type7 tp" udp" i/p"

ig/p
&oure Port7 0 to B((3(
,estination Port7 0 to B((3(
IC4P Pa9et Type Code7 eho"

eho-reply" frag/entneed-
,+set" host-rediret" host-tos-
rediret" host-unreaha.le"
infor/ation-reply" infor/ation-
re6uest" net-rediret" net-tos-
rediret" net-unreaha.le"
para/eter-pro.le/" port-
unreaha.le" protool-
unreaha.le" reasse/.ly-
ti/eout" soure-6uenh" soure-
route-failed" ti/esta/p-reply"
ti/esta/p-re6uest" ttl-e;eeded
,&CP 1alue7 0 to B3
IP Preedene 1alue7 0 to 3
C1#-' I,7 0 to @0A@
C-1#-' Priority7 0 to 3
&1#-' I,7 0 to @0A@
&-1#-' Priority7 0 to 3
,DI7 0 to 1
pa9ets is the sa/e as the preset
Matc$ 'alue" the pa9ets
/ath the rules of o/ple;
traffi lassifiation!
If Matc$ 'alue is set to 0 for the

C1#-' I," all pa9ets with
C1#-' I,s /ath the rules of
o/ple; traffi lassifiation! If
Matc$ 'alue is set to 0 for the
&1#-' I," all pa9ets with
&1#-' I,s /ath the rules of
The %ource )ort and

,estiatio )ort are a0aila.le
when the )rotocol T/-e is set
to tc- or ud-!
The 1CM) )ac*et T/-e Code is

a0aila.le when the )rotocol
T/-e is set to icm-!
The 1) )recedece 'alue and

,%C) 'alue annot .e set in
the -', logial relation at the
sa/e ti/e!
Cildard

1A2!1B*!1!1

e;a/ple" 1A2!1B*!2!1

e;a/ple" 00-0f-ef-(@-aa-00

e;a/ple" 00-0f-ef-(@-a.-00
Protool Type7 no wildard
IC4P Pa9et Type Code7 no

wildard
,&CP 1alue7 0 to B3
The Cildard para/eter indiates
that the pa9ets need /ath only a
portion of the /ath 0alues!
NOTE
Chen the wildard is set to all ?0?s" it
indiates that the pa9ets should
stritly /ath the /ath 0alue!
Copyright Huawei
*2B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
C1#-' I,7 0 to @0A@
&1#-' I,7 0 to @0A@
,DI7 no wildard
#+%*+#&+0 <oSHV'UNI Inress Policy
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for reating 1-5'I Ingress poliies!
Poliy I, 1 to 2(B
,efault 0alue7 1
I, of the port!
.e set /anually!
port!
Traffi Classifiation =andwidth
&haring
,isa.led" Dna.led
Dna.le or disa.le the traffi
lassifiation .andwidth sharing!
#+%*+#&+2 V'UNI Inress PolicyHTra>c Classi6cation
Con6uration
This para/eter desri.es the para/eters that are used for reating traffi lassifiation!
Traffi Classifiation I, 1 to 1B This para/eter speifies the I, of
the traffi lassifiation!
#ogial 2elation =etween 4athed
2ules
-nd" $r
,efault 0alue7 -nd
Chen /ultiple traffi lassifiation
rules are set for a flow" set the
para/eter to speify the logial
relations a/ong these traffi
lassifiation rules!
-nd7 The pa9et /athes the

flow only when the pa9et
Copyright Huawei
*23
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
/athes eah traffi
lassifiation rule!
$r7 The pa9et /athes the flow

when the pa9et /athes one of
the traffi lassifiation rules!
4ath Type &oure IP -ddress" ,estination IP
-ddress" &oure 4-C -ddress"
,estination 4-C -ddress"
Protool Type" &oure Port"
,estination Port" IC4P Pa9et
Type Code" ,&CP 1alue" IP
Preedene 1alue" C1#-' I," C-
1#-' Priority" &1#-' I," &-
1#-' Priority" ,DI
-fter you li9 Add or ,elete"

an .e perfor/ed on the traffi
that enters the ingress port
aording to the preset
/athing rules!
Dah data pa9et has /any

feature 0alues suh as the IP
address" 4-C address" and port
nu/.er! These feature 0alues
an .e onsidered as /ath
types a/ong the traffi
lassifiation rules!
4ath 1alue

1A2!1B*!1!1

e;a/ple" 1A2!1B*!2!1

e;a/ple" 00-0f-ef-(@-aa-00

e;a/ple" 00-0f-ef-(@-a.-00
Protool Type7 tp" udp" i/p"

ig/p
IC4P Pa9et Type Code7 eho"

eho-reply" frag/entneed-
,+set" host-rediret" host-tos-
rediret" host-unreaha.le"
infor/ation-reply" infor/ation-
re6uest" net-rediret" net-tos-
rediret" net-unreaha.le"
para/eter-pro.le/" port-
unreaha.le" protool-
unreaha.le" reasse/.ly-
ti/eout" soure-6uenh" soure-
route-failed" ti/esta/p-reply"
ti/esta/p-re6uest" ttl-e;eeded
,&CP 1alue7 0 to B3
C1#-' I,7 0 to @0A@
If the /athing 0alue of the

pa9ets is the sa/e as the preset
Matc$ 'alue" the pa9ets
/ath the rules of o/ple;
traffi lassifiation!
If Matc$ 'alue is set to 0 for the

C1#-' I," all pa9ets with
C1#-' I,s /ath the rules of
o/ple; traffi lassifiation! If
Matc$ 'alue is set to 0 for the
&1#-' I," all pa9ets with
&1#-' I,s /ath the rules of
The %ource )ort and

,estiatio )ort are a0aila.le
when the )rotocol T/-e is set
to tc- or ud-!
The 1CM) )ac*et T/-e Code is

a0aila.le when the )rotocol
T/-e is set to icm-!
The 1) )recedece 'alue and

,%C) 'alue annot .e set in
the -', logial relation at the
sa/e ti/e!
Copyright Huawei
*2*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&1#-' I,7 0 to @0A@
,DI7 0 to 1
Cildard

1A2!1B*!1!1

e;a/ple" 1A2!1B*!2!1

e;a/ple" 00-0f-ef-(@-aa-00

e;a/ple" 00-0f-ef-(@-a.-00
Protool Type7 no wildard
IC4P Pa9et Type Code7 no

wildard
,&CP 1alue7 0 to B3
C1#-' I,7 0 to @0A@
&1#-' I,7 0 to @0A@
,DI7 no wildard
The Cildard para/eter indiates
that the pa9ets need /ath only a
portion of the /ath 0alues!
NOTE
Chen the wildard is set to all ?0?s" it
indiates that the pa9ets should
stritly /ath the /ath 0alue!

The aess ontrol list (-C#)
deter/ines whether to forward
or disard the pa9ets that enter
the port aording to the
speified /athing rules!

)ermit" the ingress port aepts
and then perfor/s Eo&
proessing for only the pa9ets
that /eet the speified /apping
rules!

,e/" the ingress port disards
the pa9ets that /eet the
speified /apping rules!
Co& 'one" C&3" C&B" D+" -+@" -+3"
-+2" -+1" =D
,efault 0alue7 'one

PH= ser0ie lass 6ueue
/apped .y the traffi
lassifiation pa9ets!
If this para/eter is set to Noe"

the traffi lassifiation pa9ets
Copyright Huawei
*2A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
/ap the PH= ser0ie lass
6ueue aording the /apping
relation speified in the topi
a.out ,iffser0 do/ain
/anage/ent!

speifies whether the C-2
operation is perfor/ed for the
flow in the ingress diretion!
C12 3*bit0s4" )12 3*bit0s4" CB%

3b/tes4" and )B% 3b/tes4 an
.e set only when Badwidt$
CI2(9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 B@

In the ase that no pa9ets e;ist
in the egress 6ueue7 Chen the
rate of the pa9ets is not /ore
than the CI2" these pa9ets
diretly enter the egress 6ueue!
In the ase that ertain pa9ets

e;ist in the egress 6ueue7 The
pa9ets whose rate passes the
restrition of the PI2 diretly
enter the egress 6ueue" whih
forwards the pa9ets to the ne;t
port at the CI2!
NOTE
to Eabled!
PI2(9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 B@

In the ase that no pa9ets e;ist
in the egress 6ueue7 If the rate
of the pa9ets is /ore than the
CI2 .ut is not /ore than the
PI2" the pa9ets whose rate is
/ore than the CI2 enter the
egress 6ueue" whih forwards
the pa9ets to the ne;t port at
the CI2! If the rate of the
pa9ets is /ore than the PI2"
the pa9ets are diretly
disarded!
In the ase that ertain pa9ets

e;ist in the egress 6ueue7 The
pa9ets whose rate passes the
restrition of the PI2 diretly
enter the egress 6ueue" whih
forwards the pa9ets to the ne;t
port at the CI2!
NOTE
Copyright Huawei
*30
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
to Eabled!
C=&(.ytes) 1B000 to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 1B000
If the rate of the pa9ets is not
/ore than the CI2 during a ertain
period" the .urst pa9ets are
diretly trans/itted! The /a;i/u/
deter/ined .y the C=&!
NOTE
to Eabled!
P=&(.ytes) 1B000 to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 1B000
If the rate of the pa9ets is /ore
than the CI2 .ut is not /ore than
the PI2 during a ertain period" the
.urst pa9ets enter the egress
6ueue! The /a;i/u/ traffi of the
.urst pa9ets is deter/ined .y the
P=&!
NOTE
to Eabled!
Coloring 4ode Color-.lind" Chro/ati-&ensiti0e
,efault 0alue7 Color-.lind
This para/eter speifies the C-2
operation perfor/ed .y the
e6uip/ent on the pa9ets! The
pa9ets are dyed aording to the
result of the C-2 operation! The
dying rule is deter/ined .y the
o/parison .etween the rate of the
pa9ets and the preset C-2 0alue!
Color-=lind7 Indiates the olor

.lindness /ode! The C-2 is
diretly perfor/ed for the user
pa9ets" whih are /ar9ed
aording to the C-2 result!
Chro/ati-&ensiti0e7 Indiates
the olor sensiti0e /ode! In this
/ode" the original olor of the
pa9et is onsidered when the
C-2 proessing is perfor/ed!
Hene" the green pa9et is
/ar9ed green and the red
pa9et is /ar9ed red as
preferene! In addition" after
the C-2 proessing is
perfor/ed" the result is
o/pared with the original
olor of the pa9et and then the
Copyright Huawei
*31
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
pa9et is /ar9ed with the
dar9er olor! The dar9ness of
pa9et olors in a desending
order is as follows7 red" yellow"
and green!
-fter the upstrea/ ,& do/ain
/ar9s the ser0ie pa9ets aessed
into the loal ,& do/ain" on the
ingress node of the loal ,&
do/ain" if the oloration result of
the upstrea/ ,& do/ain need .e
onsidered" C$romatic.%esiti&e
is applia.le to the Traffic
Classificatio that /athes the
ser0ie pa9ets! $therwise" Color.
Blid is applia.le!
Pa9et Color 2ed" Oellow" <reen Pa9ets an .e dyed in three
olors7 red" yellow" and green! The
pa9ets in red are first disarded!
Proessing 4ode ,isard" Pass" 2e/ar9
,efault 0alue7
2ed7 ,isard
Oellow" <reen7 Pass

/ethod of handling the pa9ets!
,isard7 The pa9ets are

disarded!
Pass7 The pa9ets are forwarded!
2e/ar97 The pa9ets are

re/ar9ed! ?2e/ar9? indiates
that the pa9ets are /apped
into another speified 6ueue of
a higher priority (this is e6ual
to hanging the priority of the
pa9ets) and then forwarded to
the ne;t port!
2e-4ar9 Co& C&3" C&B" D+" -+@" -+3" -+2"
-+1" =D" 'one
,efault 0alue7 'one
If the )rocessig Mode is set to
2emar*" you an reset the Co& of
the pa9ets!
2e-4ar9 Color 2ed" Oellow" <reen" 'one
,efault 0alue7 'one
If the )rocessig Mode is set to
2emar*" you an reset the olor of
the pa9ets!
#+%*+#&+4 <oSHV'UNI :ress Policy
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for reating 1-5'I Dgress poliies!
Poliy I, 1 to 2(B This para/eter indiates the poliy
Copyright Huawei
*32
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
,efault 0alue7 1 I, of the port!
.e set /anually!
port!
&heduling
ena.led for a 6ueue orresponding
to a PH= ser0ie lass!
NOTE
C12 3*bit0s4" )12 3*bit0s4" CB%
T$res$old 325@ b/tes4" and %er&ice
CI2(9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 320
rate (CI2)!
The CI2 and PI2 of C&3 should .e
the sa/e as those of C&B and D+!
NOTE
The -+1" -+2" -+3" and -+@
ser0ie lasses respeti0ely /ap
6ueuing entities annot .e set!
set to Eabled!
PI2(9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 320
ser0ie to pass!
NOTE
to Eabled!
NOTE
Copyright Huawei
*33
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
NOTE
dropped!
NOTE
T$res$old 325@ b/tes4 or %er&ice
set to Eabled!
&er0ie C2D, Poliy -
,efault 0alue7 1-default ser0 wred
dropped!
NOTE
set to Eabled!
#+%*+#&+* <oSHP; Policy
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for reating PC poliies!
Poliy I, 1 to 2(B
,efault 0alue7 1
I, of the port!
-ssign -uto/atially &eleted" ,eseleted This para/eter speifies whether
Copyright Huawei
*3@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
,efault 0alue7 ,eseleted to auto/atially alloate the poliy
.e set /anually!
port!
&heduling
NOTE
C12 3*bit0s4" )12 3*bit0s4" CB%
CI2(9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 320
rate (CI2)!
NOTE
The -+1" -+2" -+3" and -+@
set to Eabled!
PI2(9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 320
ser0ie to pass!
NOTE
to Eabled!
NOTE
Copyright Huawei
*3(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
NOTE
dropped!
NOTE
set to Eabled!
&er0ie C2D, Poliy -
dropped!
NOTE
set to Eabled!
#+%*+#&+1 <oSH<in< Policy
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for reating EinE poliies!
Poliy I, 1 to 2(B
,efault 0alue7 1
I, of the port!
Copyright Huawei
*3B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
.e set /anually!
port!
&heduling
NOTE
C12 3*bit0s4" )12 3*bit0s4" CB%
CI2(9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 320
rate (CI2)!
NOTE
The -+1" -+2" -+3" and -+@
set to Eabled!
PI2(9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 320
ser0ie to pass!
NOTE
to Eabled!
NOTE
Copyright Huawei
*33
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
NOTE
dropped!
NOTE
set to Eabled!
&er0ie C2D, Poliy -
dropped!
NOTE
set to Eabled!
#+%*+#&+/ <oSH;-< Schedulin PolicyHCreate
This setion desri.es para/eters for reating a C+E sheduling poliy!
Poliy I, 2 to 2(B
,efault 0alue7 2
This para/eter speifies the poliy
I, of the C+E sheduling poliy!
NOTE
If one default C+E sheduling poliy
e;ists on the e6uip/ent" )olic/ 1, is
set to 1" and )olic/ Name is set to
"F+ ,efault %c$edulig!
-ssign auto/atially &eleted" ,eseleted
to auto/atially assign a poliy I,
to the C+E sheduling poliy! If
Copyright Huawei
*3*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
this para/eter is seleted" the
poliy I, for the C+E sheduling
poliy is auto/atially assigned!
Poliy 'a/e - This para/eter speifies the poliy
na/e of the C+E sheduling
poliy!
-+1 &heduling Ceight 1 to 100 The Eo& sheduling /odes inlude
eight 6ueues! The sheduling
algorith/ is7 &hedule the C&3
6ueue > shedule the C&B 6ueue >
shedule the D+ 6ueue > shedule
the -+1--+@ 6ueues aording to
the weights of the 6ueues >
shedule the =D 6ueue! The
para/eter indiates the perentage
of the 6ueue to the weight when
the -+1--+@ 6ueues are sheduled
aording to the weight!
The .igger the 0alue of the
sheduling weight" the higher is
sheduling priority of the 6ueue! In
this ase" when the .andwidth is
insuffiient" the pa9et loss ratio is
s/aller! 2e0ersely" the s/aller the
0alue of the sheduling weight" the
lower is the sheduling priority of
the 6ueue! In this ase" when the
.andwidth is insuffiient" the
pa9et loss ratio is .igger!
NOTE
The su/ of 0alues of -+1" -+2" -+3"
and -+@ sheduling weights annot
e;eed 100!
-+2 &heduling Ceight 1 to 100
-+3 &heduling Ceight 1 to 100
-+@ &heduling Ceight 1 to 100
#+%*+#&+#" <oSHService ;R:D PolicyHCreate
This setion desri.es para/eters for reating a ser0ie C2D, poliy (C2D, stands for
weighted rando/ early detetion)!
Poliy I, 1 to 123
,efault 0alue7 1
I, of the C2D, poliy!
NOTE
If one default ser0ieC2D, poliy
default ser& wred!
-ssign auto/atially &eleted" ,eseleted This para/eter speifies whether
Copyright Huawei
*3A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
,efault 0alue7 ,eseleted to auto/atially assign a poliy I,
to the C2D, poliy! If this
para/eter is seleted" the poliy I,
for the C2D, poliy is
na/e of the C2D, poliy!
Pa9et Color <reen" Oellow" 2ed Pa9ets with different olors ha0e
different disard thresholds and
disard ratios! In the ase of
ongestion" lower priority pa9ets
are disarded first so that higher
priority pa9ets an pass!
#ower ,isard Threshold (2(B
.ytes)
0 to @0A(
,efault 0alue7 32
5pper ,isard Threshold (2(B
.ytes)
0 to @0A(
,efault 0alue7 *0
,isard 2ate (U) 1 to 100
,efault 0alue7 @0
#+%*+#&+## <oSHPort ;R:D PolicyHCreate
This setion desri.es para/eters for reating a port C2D, poliy (C2D, stands for
weighted rando/ early detetion)!
Poliy I, 1 to *
,efault 0alue7 1
I, of the C2D, poliy!
NOTE
If one default port C2D, poliy
default -ort wred!
-ssign auto/atially &eleted" ,eseleted
to auto/atially assign a poliy I,
to the C2D, poliy! If this
para/eter is seleted" the poliy I,
for the C2D, poliy is
na/e of the C2D, poliy!
Pa9et Color <reen" Oellow" 2ed Pa9ets with different olors ha0e
different disard thresholds and
disard ratios! In the ase of
ongestion" lower priority pa9ets
are disarded first so that higher
priority pa9ets an pass!
#ower ,isard Threshold (2(B
.ytes)
0 to @*0
,efault 0alue7 32
5pper ,isard Threshold (2(B
.ytes)
0 to @*0
,efault 0alue7 *0
Copyright Huawei
*@0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
,isard 2ate (U) 1 to 100
,efault 0alue7 100
#+%*+#&+#% <oSHPort Shapin .anaementHCreation
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for reating port shaping /anage/ent tas9s!
&lot 'o! - This para/eter speifies the slot
I,!
Port - This para/eter speifies the port!
CI2 (9.it)s) 0 to port .andwidth" in step of B@
,efault 0alue7 B@
NOTE
$pit% $&' e6uip/entJs port shaping
funtion only )12 3*bit0s4 .eo/es
effeti0e!
Chen the .uffer 6ueue is e/pty"

the pa9ets are proessed as
follows7 If the rate of a pa9et
is e6ual to or lower than the
PI2" it is diretly forwardedI if
the rate of a pa9et is higher
than the PI2" it enters the .uffer
6ueue and then is forwarded at
a rate e6ual to the PI2!
Chen the .uffer 6ueue is e/pty"

forwarded if the rate of the
pa9ets is e6ual to or lower
than the PI2 in a ertain period!
Chen the .uffer 6ueue is not

e/pty" the pa9ets whose rate
passes the restrition of the PI2
diretly enter the .uffer 6ueue
and then are forwarded at a rate
e6ual to the PI2!
PI2 (9.it)s) 0 to port .andwidth" in step of B@
,efault 0alue7 B@
#+%*+#&+#& <oSH:thernet Service .anaement
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for setting the Eo& attri.utes of the Dthernet
ser0ie!
Table 1.1 ,esriptions of the para/eters for PC
PC I, - This para/eter indiates the PC
Copyright Huawei
*@1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
I,!
,iretion Ingress" Dgress This para/eter indiates the
diretion of the PC!
=andwidth #i/it Dna.led" ,isa.led
ena.led for the PC!
NOTE
The e6uip/ent support shaping for
ingress PC only!!
Poliy - This para/eter indiates or
speifies the PC poliy!
CI2 (9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 B@
Co//its the rate for the ser0ie!
NOTE
This para/eter an .e set after
Badwidt$ !imit is ena.led!
C=& (.ytes) - &ets the /a;i/u/ traffi si8e for
eah .urst! The o//itted .urst
si8e should not e;eed the
/a;i/u/ pa9et length!
NOTE
PI2 (9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 B@
ser0ie! The pea9 infor/ation rate
should not .e less than the
o//itted infor/ation rate!
P=& (.ytes) - &ets the /a;i/u/ traffi si8e for
the e;essi0e .urst! The /a;i/u/
.urst si8e should not .e less than
the e;tra .urst .uffer si8e!
NOTE
D%P 0 to 3" 'one
,efault 0alue7 'one
&ets the Eo& priority la.els of PC!
These la.els orrespond to the
eight lasses!
0 orresponds to =D!
1 orresponds to -+1!
@ orresponds to -+@!
( orresponds to D+!
B orresponds to C&B!
3 orresponds to C&3!
#&P 4ode 5nifor/" Pipe &ets and displays the #&P /ode!
Copyright Huawei
*@2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
,efault 0alue7 5nifor/
5nifor/7 The Co& of user

pa9ets should .e reo0ered
when the tunnel la.el is
stripped!
Pipe7 The Co& of user pa9ets

need not .e reo0ered when the
tunnel la.el is stripped!
Table 1.2 ,esriptions of the para/eters for 5'I
Interfae - This para/eter indiates the user-
side interfae!
diretion of the interfae!
ena.led for the user-side interfae!
NOTE
egress 5'I only!
speifies the port poliy!
CI2 (9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 B@
NOTE
NOTE
PI2 (9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 B@
NOTE
Copyright Huawei
*@3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
,efault +orwarding Priority C&3" C&B" D+" -+@" -+3" -+2"
-+1" =D" 'one
,efault 0alue7 'one
forwarding priority that the 'D
sets to the user pa9ets on the 1-
5'I side .y default!
C&3" C&B" D+" -+@" -+3" -+2"

-+1" =D7 The user pa9ets on
the 1-5'I side are set to
forwarding priority .y default!
'one7 The priority of the user

pa9ets on the 1-5'I side is set
aording to the /apping
relationship in the ,& do/ain!
NOTE
Ingress diretion is onfigura.le!
If a ertain 1-5'I does not use the
1-5'I ingress poliy" the pa9ets
on the 1-5'I are forwarded
aording to ,efault Forwardig
)riorit/!
If the 1-5'I ingress poliy is used"
the pa9ets that do not /ath the
Traffi lassifiation of this poliy
are forwarded aording to ,efault
Forwardig )riorit/!
,efault Pa9et 2ela.eling Color 2ed" Oellow" <reen" 'one
,efault 0alue7 'one
This para/eter indiates the olor
that the 'D sets to the user pa9ets
on the 1-5'I side .y default!
2ed7 =y default" the user pa9ets

on the 1-5'I side are set as
red!
Oellow7 =y default" the user

pa9ets on the 1-5'I side are
set as yellow!
<reen7 =y default" the user

pa9ets on the 1-5'I side are
set as green!
'one7 =y default" the priority of

the user pa9ets on the 1-5'I
side are set aording to the
/apping relation of the ,&
do/ain!
NOTE
Ingress diretion is onfigura.le!
If a ertain 1-5'I does not use the
1-5'I ingress poliy" the pa9ets
on the 1-5'I is /ar9ed aording
to ,efault )ac*et 2elabelig
Color!
If the 1-5'I ingress poliy is used"
Copyright Huawei
*@@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
the pa9ets that do not /ath the
Traffi lassifiationof this poliy
should .e /ar9ed aording to
,efault )ac*et 2elabelig Color!
Table 1.( ,esriptions of the para/eters for EinE #in9
EinE #in9 I, - This para/eter indiates the EinE
#in9 I,!
diretion of the EinE #in9!
NOTE
ingress EinE #in9 only!
ena.led for the EinE #in9!
CI2 (9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 B@
NOTE
NOTE
PI2 (9.it)s) B@ to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 B@
NOTE
speifies the EinE #in9 poliy!
Copyright Huawei
*@(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%*+#&+#0 <oSHV'UNI Group
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for reating the 1-5'I group!
1-5'I <roup I, - This para/eter indiates or
speifies the 1-5'I group I,!
1-5'I <roup Type Ingress" Dgress This para/eter indiates the
diretion of the 1-5'I group!
CI2 (9.it)s) 12* to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 12*
NOTE
PI2 (9.it)s) 12* to 10000000
,efault 0alue7 12*
NOTE
&er0ie I, - ,isplay the 1-5'I interfae
seleted .y the ser0ie!
Interfae - ,isplay the a0aila.le ser0ie I,s
and 1-5'I interfaes for the
ser0ie!
&eleting Interfae - ,isplay the seleted ser0ie I, and
1-5'I interfae for the ser0ie!
&eleted Interfae - Chen this para/eter is seleted"
the atual effeti0e .andwidth is
6ueried! Chen this para/eter is
not seleted" the onfigured
.andwidth is 6ueried!
Copyright Huawei
*@B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%1 R.3N
#+%1+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of 24$' and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
The 24$' feature is .ased on the /anage/ent infor/ation .ase (4I=) in the arhiteture of
the si/ple networ9 /anage/ent protool (&'4P)! 24$' defines the /ethod of /anaging
Dthernet perfor/ane! Through the 24$' funtion" you an /onitor the perfor/ane of
Dthernet ports in the sa/e /anner as you /onitor the perfor/ane of &,H or P,H ports!
Purpose
24$' detets the perfor/ane of Dthernet ser0ies!
Net7or,in and Application
-s shown in +igure 1-2BB" an Dthernet ser0ie e;ists .etween site - and site D! The 24$'
funtion is used to /onitor the Dthernet ser0ie! =y 6uerying the 24$' perfor/ane of
Dthernet ser0ie .oards on site D" you an learn a.out the alar/ and perfor/ane infor/ation
a.out the Dthernet .oards on site - (trans/it end)!
Figure 1.1 24$' diagra/
5
t
e
r
n
e
t
7
o
a
r
!
5
t
e
r
n
e
t
7
o
a
r
!
Station .
Station 7 Station C
Station D
Station 5
S"art$its
24$' feature!
#+%1+%+# SN.P
Currently" the &i/ple 'etwor9 4anage/ent Protool (&'4P) is the /ost widely used
networ9 /anage/ent protool in the networ9! The &'4P is used to ensure transport of the
/anage/ent infor/ation .etween any two nodes in the networ9! This failitates the networ9
ad/inistrator to retrie0e infor/ation" /odify infor/ation" loate a fault" perfor/ fault
diagnosis" plan apaity" and generate a report on any node in the networ9!
Copyright Huawei
*@3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Architecture o8 the SN.P
The &'4P is di0ided into the networ9 /anage/ent station ('4&) and the agent!
'4&
The '4& is a wor9station where the lient progra/ is running!
The '4& an send the re6uest pa9ets to the agent! -fter reei0ing these re6uest
pa9ets" the agent perfor/s orresponding operations aording to the pa9et types"
generates the response pa9ets" and send the response pa9ets to the '4&!
-gent
The agent is ser0er software that is running on the networ9 e6uip/ent! It is e/.edded in
the Dthernet unit!
The trans/ission of &'4P pa9ets is .ased on the onnetionless transport layer 5,P!
Hene" the e6uip/ent an .e onneted to a wide 0ariety of e6uip/ent without a .lo9!
.I)
The /anage/ent infor/ation .ase (4I=) refers to the /anaged 0aria.les in &'4P pa9ets
that are used to desri.e the /anaged o.:ets in the e6uip/ent! The &'4P uses the
arhiteture na/ing solution to uni6uely identify eah /anaged o.:et in the e6uip/ent! The
o0erall arhiteture is li9e a tree! The nodes on the tree indiate the /anaged o.:ets! Dah
node an .e uni6uely identified .y a path starting fro/ the root! The 4I= is used to desri.e
the arhiteture of the tree and is the olletion of the definitions of the standard 0aria.les of
the /onitored networ9 e6uip/ent! The 24$' is a o//on 4I= defined aording to IDT+
2+C2*1A!
#+%1+%+% R.3N .anaement Groups
The Dthernet unit reali8es the following 24$' /anage/ent groups speified in IDT+
2+C2*1A7 statistis group" alar/ group" history ontrol group" and history group!
Statistics Group
The statistis group ounts the a.solute perfor/ane 0alues fro/ the ti/e the statistis group
is reated until the urrent ti/e!
The Dthernet unit supports statistis group .ased on port! The sa/pling inter0al of a statistis
group an .e set! The 0alue range of the sa/pling inter0al is fro/ 1 seond to 100 seonds!
Alarm Group
The alar/ group /onitors the speified alar/ o.:ets (for e;a/ple" the perfor/ane data of
ports)! Chen the 0alue of the /onitored data rosses the onfigured threshold" an alar/ e0ent
is generated!
The Dthernet unit supports port-.ased alar/ groups! Oou an reate only one alar/ group for
a .oard! The nu/.er of alar/ entries in an alar/ group /ust not e;eed ten! Oou an set the
following ite/s to whih the alar/ o.:et orresponds7 /onitored o.:et" sa/pling inter0al"
report /ode (report in ase of upper threshold-rossing" report in ase of lower threshold-
rossing" report all)" upper threshold" and lower threshold!
Copyright Huawei
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!istory Control Group
The history ontrol group speifies the /ethods of /onitoring history perfor/ane data! The
Dthernet unit periodially ollets the re6uired statistial networ9 infor/ation and te/porarily
stores the infor/ation in the .oard aording to the attri.utes of the history ontrol group! The
history ontrol group has the following attri.utes7
History ta.le type
Oou an set the history ta.le type to 30-seond" 30-/inute" usto/ period 1" or usto/
period 2! In the ase of a usto/ period" you need to /anually set the re6uired sa/pling
inter0al!
4onitored o.:et
This speifies the port on whih perfor/ane data is olleted! Oou an set /onitored
o.:ets for eah history ta.le type!
'u/.er of ite/s
This speifies the nu/.er of history perfor/ane data entries that are stored in the
Dthernet unit! =eause the history perfor/ane data is stored in the wrap /ode" the
stored data is the latest history perfor/ane data! +or e;a/ple" if the nu/.er of ite/s is
set to 10" the Dthernet unit stores the latest ten history perfor/ane data entries! Oou an
set the nu/.er of ite/s for eah history ta.le type! The nu/.er of ite/s an .e set to (0
at /ost!
!istory Group
The history group speifies the /ethods of 6uerying history perfor/ane data! The Dthernet
unit filters the history perfor/ane data stored in the .oard aording to the attri.utes of the
history group and returns the history perfor/ane data that /eets the filtering onditions! The
history group has the following attri.utes7
History ta.le type
This speifies the sa/pling period to whih the history perfor/ane data orresponds!
Oou an set the history ta.le type to 30-seond" 30-/inute" usto/ period 1" or usto/
period 2!
4onitored o.:et
This speifies the port to whih the history perfor/ane data orresponds!
Perfor/ane entry
This speifies the perfor/ane entries to whih the history perfor/ane data
orresponds! The list of perfor/ane entries is the sa/e as the list of the perfor/ane
entries that an .e added into a statistis group!
Euery onditions
This speifies the relati0e ti/e to whih the history perfor/ane data orresponds! 1
represents the oldest ite/! Oou an 6uery a /a;i/u/ of ten entries at one ti/e!
Oou an 6uery perfor/anes in the history group only after the perfor/ane /onitoring para/eter in the
history ontrol group is pre-set!
This setion pro0ides the speifiations of 24$'!
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Item Speci6cations
&tatistis groups Euerying of real-
ti/e perfor/ane
data of statistial
o.:ets
&upported
&a/pling period
(s)
( to 1(0
2esetting of
statistis group
ounters
&upported
-lar/ groups Euerying of real-
ti/e perfor/ane
data of statistial
o.:ets
&upported
&a/pling period 30s
30 /inutes
5ser-defined sa/pling period 1 (300s to @3200s)
5ser-defined sa/pling period 2 (300s to *B@00s)
&etting of the
upper and lower
thresholds for
perfor/ane data
&upported
History ontrol
groups
&etting of
sa/pling periods
for history
perfor/ane data
30s
30 /inutes
'u/.er of history
perfor/ane
registers
1 to (0
History groups Euerying of
history
perfor/ane data
of statistial
o.:ets
&upported
Euerying of
history
perfor/ane data
.y sa/pling period
30s
30 /inutes
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with 24$'!
Copyright Huawei
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The following protools are assoiated with 24$'7
IDT+ 2+C 13(37 2e/ote 'etwor9 4onitoring 4anage/ent Infor/ation =ase
IDT+ 2+C 2*1A7 2e/ote 'etwor9 4onitoring 4anage/ent Infor/ation =ase
#+%1+2 Availability
The 24$' funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent and .oards!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
Copyright Huawei
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Version
Applicable Product
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for 24$' in the networ9 design
phase!
Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
4anage/ent
group

Chen you need to /onitor the
urrent perfor/ane of a port in
real ti/e" selet the statistis
group!
Chen you need to /onitor

speifi perfor/ane ite/s of a
port in a long ter/" selet the
alar/ group!
Chen you need to perfor/ a

statistial analysis on the
perfor/ane of a port o0er a
past period of ti/e" selet the
history group and history
ontrol group!
-
&tatistial
o.:et

To /easure the perfor/ane of
an Dthernet port" ta9e the
Dthernet port as a statistial
o.:et!

an 4P#& tunnel" ta9e the
4P#& tunnel as a statistial
o.:et!

an 4P#& PC" ta9e the 4P#&
PC as a statistial o.:et!
To /easure the perfor/ane of a

ser0ie" ta9e the ser0ie as a
-
Copyright Huawei
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Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
statistial o.:et!
&tatistis

Chen you need to analy8e the
e;eptions ourred on a port"
selet the following statistial
ite/s7 frag/ents" undersi8e
pa9ets reei0ed" +C& errors"
pause fra/es reei0ed" pause
fra/es trans/itted" and others!

traffi on a port" selet the
following statistial ite/s7
.ytes reei0ed" .ytes
trans/itted" and others!

infor/ation on pa9et
trans/itting and pa9et
reei0ing on a port" selet the
following statistial ite/s7
pa9ets reei0ed" pa9ets
trans/itted" and others!

types of the trans/itted and
reei0ed pa9ets on a port"
selet the following statistial
ite/s7 uniast pa9ets reei0ed"
uniast pa9ets trans/itted"
/ultiast pa9ets reei0ed"
/ultiast pa9ets trans/itted"
.roadast pa9ets reei0ed"
.roadast pa9ets trans/itted"
and others!
-
#+%1+* Principles
The 24$' agent is e/.edded in an Dthernet unit! The '4& e;hanges data infor/ation
with the agent through .asi &'4P o//ands! Therefore" the statistial networ9 data is
olleted!
Statistics Group
The reali8ation priniple of the statistis group is as follows7
1! - /aintenane engineer li9s 2esettig begis!
2! The '4& sends the orresponding re6uest pa9et to the 24$' agent!
3! The 24$' agent resets the orresponding urrent perfor/ane ounting register and
returns the orresponding response pa9et to the '4& aording to the infor/ation
a.out the statistis group in the re6uest pa9et!
Copyright Huawei
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@! The '4& sends a re6uest pa9et to the 24$' agent e0ery sa/pling inter0al! The
24$' agent returns the 0alue of the urrent perfor/ane ounting register through the
response pa9et!
(! The /aintenane engineer li9s %to-!
B! The '4& stops sending the orresponding re6uest pa9et to the 24$' agent!
If the /aintenane engineer li9s %tart" the 24$' agent does not reset the perfor/ane ounting
register!
If the /aintenane engineer does not selet ,is-la/ Accumulated 'alue" the '4& o.tains the
perfor/ane 0alue of a sa/pling inter0al .y perfor/ing a su.tration operation .etween the
sa/pled 0alue returned at the end of the sa/pling inter0al and the sa/pled 0alue returned at the end
of the pre0ious sa/pling inter0al!
Alarm Group
The reali8ation priniple of the alar/ group is as follows7
1! The /aintenane engineer li9s A--l/!
3! The 24$' agent /onitors the orresponding alar/ o.:et aording to the infor/ation
a.out the alar/ group in the re6uest pa9et!
!istory Control Group
The reali8ation priniple of the history ontrol group is as follows7
1! The /aintenane engineer li9s A--l/!
3! The 24$' agent periodially ounts the perfor/ane 0alue of the /onitored o.:et and
stores the perfor/ane 0alue in the orresponding history perfor/ane register aording
to the infor/ation of the history ontrol group in the re6uest pa9et!
!istory Group
The reali8ation priniple of the history group is as follows7
1! The /aintenane engineer li9s +uer/!
3! The 24$' agent 6ueries the history perfor/ane registers that /eet the re6uire/ents
and returns the perfor/ane 0alues in the registers to the '4& through the response
pa9et aording to the infor/ation of the history group in the re6uest pa9et!
#+%1+1 Con6urin the R.3N -unction
The re/ote /onitoring (24$') funtion is /ainly used to /onitor the data traffi in a
networ9 seg/ent or on the entire networ9! It is urrently one of the widely used networ9
/anage/ent standards!
#+%1+1+# )ro7sin the Per8ormance Data in the Statistics
Group o8 an :thernet Port
-fter you onfigure an 24$' statistis group for an Dthernet port" you an .rowse the real-
ti/e statistial perfor/ane data of the port!
Copyright Huawei
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PrereBuisites
The orresponding .oard /ust .e added in the NE )ael!
52000
Procedure
Step # &elet the orresponding .oard fro/ the $.:et Tree in the 'D D;plorer! Choose
)erformace > 2MON )erformace fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the %tatistics 9rou- ta.!
Step & &et the re6uired para/eters for the statistis group!
Step 0 Cli9 2esettig begis!
If you li9 %tart" the register of the statistis group is not reset to lear the e;isting data!
....Ed
#+%1+1+% )ro7sin the Per8ormance Data in the !istory
Group o8 an :thernet Port
-fter you onfigure an 24$' history group for an Dthernet port" you an .rowse the
statistial history perfor/ane data of the port!
PrereBuisites
The orresponding .oards /ust .e added in the NE )ael!
The o.:ets and perfor/ane e0ents to .e /onitored /ust .e set!
52000
Copyright Huawei
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Procedure
Step % Cli9 the >istor/ 9rou- ta.!
Step & &et the para/eters of the history group!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
#+%1+1+& Con6urin a !istory Control Group
Chen onfiguring a history ontrol group for an Dthernet port" you onfigure how the history
perfor/ane data of the port is /onitored! The Dthernet .oard /onitors the history
perfor/ane data of eah port at the default sa/pling inter0al of 30 /inutes! - /a;i/u/ of
(0 historial perfor/ane entries an .e sa0ed!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step # &elet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree in the 'D D;plorer! Choose )erformace > 2MON
>istor/ Cotrol 9rou-!
Step % &et the para/eters of the history ontrol group!
Step & Cli9 A--l/! Then" lose the dialog .o; that is displayed!
Copyright Huawei
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....Ed
#+%1+1+0 Con6urin an Alarm Group 8or an :thernet Port
-fter you onfigure an 24$' alar/ group for an Dthernet port" you an /onitor whether the
perfor/ane 0alue of the port rosses the onfigured thresholds in the long ter/!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step % Cli9 the 2MON %ettig ta.!
Step & Cli9 the ObCect ta. and set the orresponding para/eters!
Step 0 Cli9 the E&et ta. and set the orresponding para/eters!
....Ed
#+%1+/ Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure synhronous Dthernet
aording to the networ9 onditions!
#+%1+/+# Description o8 the :9ample
The Dthernet ser0ie is onsidered as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to loate the fault of the
data ser0ie .y using the 24$' funtion when regular /easures fail!
Net7or,in Diaram
-n D-#ine ser0ie arried .y the pseudo wire (PC) is onsidered as an e;a/ple" as shown in
+igure 1-2B3!
5ser -1 and 5ser =1 are aessed into 'D1 through @-D4BT-1 and @-D4BT-2
separately!
5ser -2 and 5ser =2 are aessed into 'D2 through @-D4BT-1 and @-D4BT-2
separately!
Copyright Huawei
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5ser -1 needs to o//uniate with 5ser -2" and 5ser =1 needs to o//uniate with
5ser =2!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of the D-#ine ser0ie arried .y the PC
0ser .2 0ser .1
0ser 71
0ser 72
0N2 for .16 B-5>D'-1
0nicast tunne(
:< (in-
:SN
0N2 for 716 B-5>D'-2
NN26 B-5>D'-3 NN26 B-5>D'-3
0N2 for .26 B-5>D'-1
0N2 for 726 B-5>D'-2
N5 1 N52
Symptom
5ser -2 reei0es less traffi than e;peted during ser0ie trans/ission!
#+%1+/+% Con6uration Process
Chen the ser0ie is interrupted or the signal degrades" you an loate the fault .y using the
24$' funtion on the 52000!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # Configure the Dthernet ser0ie arried .y the PC! +or details" see Configuration D;a/ple7 D-
#ine &er0ies Carried .y PCs!
Step % Dna.le the ser0ie 24$' perfor/ane /onitoring! +or details" see Custo/i8ing the 24$'
Perfor/ane -ttri.ute Te/plate!
&et the para/eters as follows7
History Ta.le Type7 30-&eond
4onitored o.:ets7 PC
4onitoring status7 Dna.led
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Step & Euery the perfor/ane of the Dthernet .oard in a ertain period! +or details" see =rowsing the
History <roup Perfor/ane of an Dthernet Port and =rowsing the &tatistis <roup
Perfor/ane of an Dthernet Port!
Step 0 -naly8e the 24$' perfor/ane and he9 whether the data is orret!
Step 2 Che9 the input)output traffi on the ports of the Dthernet .oard!
If the input traffi is e6ual to the output traffi at the ports" the fault is not loated on the
.oard! Instead" the fault /ay .e loated at the lin9 .etween Huawei e6uip/ent and the user
e6uip/ent! 5se the ping funtion to he9 the lin9 .etween Huawei e6uip/ent and the user
e6uip/ent!
....Ed
#+%/ 5ayer % S7itchin
#+%/+# Introduction
This setion defines #ayer 2 swithing and desri.es the purpose of using this feature!
De6nition
$n a #-'" a .ridge or #ayer 2 swith forwards Dthernet data .ased on 4-C addresses! -
4-C address is a #ayer 2 (data lin9 layer) address in the $&I /odel! Therefore" this data
forwarding /ode is alled #ayer 2 swithing!
Purpose
If an Dthernet proessing unit supports #ayer 2 swithing" its swithing do/ain an .e
di0ided into /ultiple independent su.-swithing do/ains! Then" #-' ser0ies are separated
and .ridge resoures are dyna/ially shared!
+igure 1-2B* shows a typial appliation of #ayer 2 swithing! Co/pany - has three
depart/ents" and Dthernet ser0ies of the three depart/ents are trans/itted to the
trans/ission networ9 through 'D1" 'D2" and 'D3! The on0ergene node 'D2 needs to
perfor/ #ayer 2 swithing for Dthernet ser0ies fro/ the two aess nodes 'D1 and 'D3"
and 'D1 and 'D3 do not need to o//uniate with eah other!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 -ppliation of #ayer 2 swithing
N5 1 N5 2
N53
Depart"ent 3
.ccess :oint
:OR'1
:OR'3
:OR'2
:OR'2
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'1
:OR'1
:OR'1
Depart"ent 1
Depart"ent 2
Depart"ent of Co"pan# .
:OR'1
7ri!)e
#+%/+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts related to #ayer 2 swithing!
#+%/+%+# )ride
- .ridge refers to a funtional unit that is used to onnet two or /ore #-'s!
- .ridge is essential for D-#-' ser0ies! -fter an Dthernet fra/e enters a .ridge through a
speifi Dthernet ort" the .ridge an set up a /apping .etween this Dthernet port and the
soure 4-C address ontained in this Dthernet fra/e .y self-learning! This /apping is an
entry in a 4-C address ta.le! - .ridge uses the following self-learning /odes7
&hared 1#-' learning (&1#)
In &1# /ode" a .ridge reates an entry in the 4-C address ta.le .ased on the soure
4-C address and the soure port of a pa9et! This entry is 0alid to all 1#-'s!
Independent 1#-' learning (I1#)
In I1# /ode" a .ridge reates an entry in the 4-C address ta.le aording to the soure
4-C address" 1#-' I," and soure port of a pa9et! This entry is 0alid only to the
1#-' represented .y the 1#-' I, arried in the pa9et!
-fter reei0ing an Dthernet fra/e" a .ridge proesses it as follows7
If the .ridge uses the &1# /ode" it searhes for the destination 4-C address of the
Dthernet fra/e in the 4-C address ta.le! If the .ridge uses the I1# /ode" it searhes
for the 1#-' I, and destination 4-C address of the Dthernet fra/e in the 4-C
address ta.le!
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If a speifi entry e;ists in the 4-C address ta.le" the .ridge forwards the Dthernet
fra/e to a speifi Dthernet port! If no entry is found" the .ridge .roadasts the Dthernet
fra/e in the .roadast do/ain!
The .ridge adds an entry to the 4-C address ta.le or updates the 4-C address ta.le
.ased on the soure 4-C address of the Dthernet fra/e!
)ride Types
The e6uip/ent supports *02!1, .ridges" *02!1E .ridges" and *02!1ad .ridges!
Table 1.1 =ridges
Item 1"%+#D )ride 1"%+#< )ride 1"%+#ad
)ride
#ogial port type P$2T P$2TL1#-' P$2T or P$2TLC-
1#-' (5'I port)
a
P$2TL&-1#-'
(''I port)
#earning /ode &1# I1# I1#
=roadast do/ain Dntire .ridge -ll the logial ports
that ha0e the sa/e
1#-' I,
-ll the logial ports
that ha0e the sa/e
&-1#-' tag
&u.-swithing
do/ain
'o di0ision of su.-
swithing do/ains
,i0ision of su.-
swithing do/ains
.ased on 1#-' I,s
,i0ision of su.-
swithing do/ains
.ased on &-1#-'
tags
a7 Chen a pa9et enters or e;its an *02!1ad .ridge through a logial port whose networ9 attri.ute is
5'I" a speified &-1#-' tag is added or stripped!
-s shown in +igure 1-2BA" the ser0ies on different *02!1, .ridges are separated" .ut the
ser0ies of different 1#-'s on the sa/e .ridge are not!
Figure 1.2 *02!1, .ridge
,:1
,:2
,:3
?%$.&# 8ri#ge
,:3
V,.N1
V,.N2
V,.N3
* * *
,:6 ,o)ic :ort
,:B
,:5
,:D
,:7
,:8
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-s shown in +igure 1-230" the ser0ies on different *02!1E .ridges and the ser0ies of
different 1#-'s on the sa/e .ridge are .oth separated!
Figure 1.( *02!1E .ridge
V,.N1
V,.N2
V,.N3
?%$.&@ 8ri#ge
,:1
,:2
,:3
,:3
,:B
,:5
,:D
,:7
,:8
,:6 ,o)ic :ort
-s shown in +igure 1-231" the ser0ies on different *02!1ad .ridges and the ser0ies of
different &-1#-'s on the sa/e .ridge are .oth separated!
Figure 1.7 *02!1ad .ridge
,:1
,:2
,:3
S-V,.N1
S-V,.N2
S-V,.N3
?%$.&a# 8ri#ge
,:B
,:5
,:D
,:7
,:8
,:9
,:6 ,o)ic :ort
5oical Port
-ll the ports /ounted to .ridges are onsidered as logial ports! The following ser0ie flows
an .e /ounted to a logial port7
P$2T
P$2TL1#-'
P$2TLC-1#-'
P$2TL&-1#-'
- logial port an .e in one or /ultiple su.-swithing do/ains!
#+%/+%+% 1"%+#D )ride'based :'5AN Services
If pa9ets of D-#-' ser0ies are forwarded only .ased on the 4-C address ta.le" these D-
#-' ser0ies are alled *02!1, .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
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Service .odel
Ta.le 1-2B3 shows the *02!1, .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ie /odel!
Table 1.1 *02!1, .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ie /odel
Service
Type
Ta
Attribute
Port
:ncapsulati
on .ode
5oical
Port Type
5earnin
.ode
Sub'
S7itchin
Domain
*02!1, .ridge-
.ased D-#-'
ser0ie
Tag-Transparent 'ull P$2T &1# 'o di0ision of
su.-swithing
do/ains
Typical Application
+igure 1-232 shows the typial appliation of the *02!1, .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ie /odel!
&er0ies - are reei0ed at 'D2 and 'D3" and then trans/itted o0er the trans/ission networ9!
These ser0ies are finally on0erged and swithed at 'D1! The ser0ies do not need to .e
separated! Therefore" an *02!1, .ridge is used at 'D1 to groo/ ser0ies!
Figure 1.1 *02!1, .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ie /odel
:ort 1
N5 1
0ser .1
:ort 1
N5 2
0ser .2
N5 3
:ort 2
:ort 2
:ort 3
'rans"ission
Net%or-
'rans"ission
Net%or-
802*1! $ri!)e
:ort 1
:ort 2
0ser .3
#+%/+%+& 1"%+#< )ride'based :'5AN Services
1#-'s an .e used to separate se0eral D-#-' ser0ies" and then an *02!1E .ridge is di0ided
into /ultiple independent su.-swithing do/ains! These D-#-' ser0ies are alled *02!1E
.ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ies!
Service .odel
Ta.le 1-2B@ shows the *02!1E .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ie /odel!
Copyright Huawei
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Table 1.1 *02!1E .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ie /odel
Service
Type
TAG
Attribute
Port
:ncapsulati
on .ode
5oical
Port Type
5earnin
.ode
Sub'
S7itchin
Domain
*02!1E .ridge-
.ased D-#-'
ser0ie
C--ware *02!1E P$2TL1#-'
list
I1# &u.-swithing
do/ains are
di0ided .ased
on 1#-' I,s!
Typical Application
+igure 1-233 shows the typial appliation of the *02!1E .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ie /odel!
&er0ies < and H are reei0ed at 'D2 and 'D3" and then are trans/itted o0er the
trans/ission networ9! These ser0ies finally are on0erged and swithed at 'D1! -s ser0ies
< and H use different 1#-' planning" *02!1E .ridges are onfigured on 'Ds and su.-
swithing do/ains are di0ided .ased on 1#-'s" differentiating and separating the two
ser0ies!
Figure 1.1 *02!1E .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ie /odel
:ort 1
N5 1
V,.N 100
V,.N 200
:ort 2
0ser G1
0ser &1
:ort 1
N5 2
0ser G2
:ort 2
0ser &2
:ort 1
N5 3
0ser G3
:ort 2
0ser &3
V,.N 100
V,.N 200
V,.N 100
V,.N 200
:ort 3
:ort 3
:ort 3
:ort B
'rans"ission
Net%or-
'rans"ission
Net%or-
802*1? $ri!)e
802*1? $ri!)e
802*1? $ri!)e
#+%/+%+0 1"%+#ad )ride'based :'5AN Services
&-1#-' tags an .e used to separate se0eral D-#-' ser0ies" and then a .ridge is di0ided
into /ultiple independent su.-swithing do/ains! These ser0ies are alled *02!1ad .ridge-
.ased D-#-' ser0ies!
Service .odel
Ta.le 1-2B( shows the *02!1ad .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ie /odel!
Copyright Huawei
*B@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 *02!1ad .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ie /odel
Service
Type
Ta
Attribute
Port
:ncapsulati
on .ode
5oical
Port Type
5earnin
.ode
Sub'
S7itchin
Domain
D-#-' ser0ies
.ased on
*02!1ad .ridge
&--ware 'ull or *02!1E
(5'I port)
a
EinE (''I
port)
P$2T (The
enapsulation
/ode of the
5'I port is
'ull!)
P$2T or
P$2TLC-
1#-' list (The
enapsulation
/ode of the
5'I port is
*02!1E!)
a
P$2TL&-
1#-' list (''I
port)
I1# &u.-swithing
do/ains are
di0ided .ased
on &-1#-'
tags!
a7 Chen the enapsulation /ode of port is *02!1E" set Tag to Tag Aware!
Typical Application
+igure 1-23@ shows the typial appliation of the *02!1ad .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ie
/odel! &er0ies < and H are reei0ed at 'D2 and 'D3" and then are trans/itted o0er the
trans/ission networ9! These ser0ies finally are on0erged and swithed at 'D1! -s ser0ies
< and H use the sa/e C-1#-' planning" e;tra &-1#-' tags are onfigured on 'Ds"
differentiating and separating the two ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
*B(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of the *02!1ad .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ie /odel
:ort 1
N5 1
802*1a! $ri!)e
SV,.N 300
SV,.N B00
:ort 2
0ser G1
0ser &1
:ort 1
N5 2
0ser G2
:ort 2
0ser &2
:ort 1
N5 3
0ser G3
:ort 2
0ser &3
:ort 3
:ort 3
:ort B
'rans"ission
Net%or-
'rans"ission
Net%or-
CV,.N 100
CV,.N 100
SV,.N 300
SV,.N B00
SV,.N 300
SV,.N B00
:ort 3
802*1a! $ri!)e
802*1a! $ri!)e
A## S,/LAN La8e"
NE &
Strip S,/LAN La8e"
CV,.N 100
CV,.N 100
CV,.N 100
CV,.N 100
Data@&A
Data@GA
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A Data@&A
Data@ GA
C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Strip S,/LAN La8e"
NE $
A## S,/LAN La8e"
Data@&A
Data@ GA
C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Data@&A
Data@GA
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Strip S,/LAN La8e"
NE '
A## S,/LAN La8e"
Data@&A
Data@ GA
C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Data@&A
Data@GA
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
#+%/+%+2 :'5AN Services Carried by P;s
The PC-arried D-#-' ser0ies are point-to-/ultipoint and /ultipoint-to-/ultipoint
ser0ies! The e6uip/ent reali8es the point-to-/ultipoint and /ultipoint-to-/ultipoint
trans/ission of Dthernet ser0ies through the D-#-'!
Service .odels
Ta.le 1-2BB defines the PC-arried D-#-' ser0ie /odels!
Table 1.1 PC-arried D-#-' ser0ie /odels
Service
.odel
Service
-lo7
Service
Direction
Port .ode Port
:ncapsulati
on Type
Description
4odel 1 P$2TLC-
1#-' (soure)
PC (sin9)
#ayer 3 (sin9)
IDDD *02!16
(soure)
- (sin9)
- 5'I port
proesses the
pa9ets arrying
a speifi C-
Copyright Huawei
*BB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Service
.odel
Service
-lo7
Service
Direction
Port .ode Port
:ncapsulati
on Type
Description
1#-' I, .ased
on its tag
attri.ute and
then sends the
pa9ets to the
''I side for
trans/ission on
PCs!
4odel 2 P$2TL&-
1#-' (soure)
PC (sin9)
#ayer 3 (sin9)
EinE (sin9)
- (sin9)
- 5'I port
proesses the
pa9ets arrying
a speifi &-
1#-' I, .ased
on its EinE type
field" and then
sends the
pa9ets to the
''I side for
trans/ission on
PCs!
PC (sin9)
#ayer 3 (sin9)
IDDD *02!16 or
EinE (soure)
- (sin9)
- 5'I port
proesses the
reei0ed pa9ets
.ased on its tag
attri.ute or
EinE type field"
and then sends
the pa9ets to
the ''I side for
trans/ission on
PCs!
Typical Application
+igure 1-23( shows the typial appliation of ser0ie /odel 1! =ranh - and =ranh = do not
and =ranh =" and the two ser0ies are present .etween .ranhes and head6uarter" The two
ser0ies arry different 1#-' I,s and need to .e trans/itted o0er a P&'!
Copyright Huawei
*B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
:SN
N51 N52
,S:
.C
.C
.C
7ranc .
UNI NNI NNI
UNI
:ort6 1@802*1FA
V,.N 2D6 100
Ser(ie &
:ort6 1@802*1FA
V,.N 2D6 100+ 200
Ser(ie &, $
:ort6 2@802*1FA
V,.N 2D6 200
Ser(ie $
7ranc 7
NNI
UNI
&ea!?uarter
7ranc . 7ranc 7
.C
.C
:ort6 2@802*1FA
V,.N 2D6 200
Ser(ie $
:ort6 1@802*1FA
V,.N 2D6 100
Ser(ie &
:<1
:<2
+igure 1-23B shows the typial appliation of ser0ie /odel 2! =ranh - and =ranh = do not
and =ranh =" and the two EinE ser0ies are present .etween .ranhes and head6uarter" The
two ser0ies arry different &-1#-' I,s and need to .e trans/itted o0er a P&'!
Copyright Huawei
*B*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
:SN
N51 N52
,S:
.C
.C
.C
7ranc .
UNI NNI NNI
UNI
:ort6 1@FinFA
S-V,.N 2D6 100
Ser(ie &
:ort6 1@FinFA
S-V,.N 2D6 100+ 200
Ser(ie &, $
:ort6 2@FinFA
S-V,.N 2D6 200
Ser(ie $
7ranc 7
NNI
UNI
&ea!?uarter
7ranc . 7ranc 7
.C
.C
:ort6 2@FinFA
S-V,.N 2D6 200
Ser(ie $
:ort6 1@FinFA
S-V,.N 2D6 100
Ser(ie &
:<1
:<2
and =ranh =" and the two EinE ser0ies are present .etween .ranhes and head6uarter"
&er0ie 1 arries 0arious C-1#-' I,s" and ser0ie 2 arries 0arious &-1#-' I,s! The two
ser0ies need to .e trans/itted o0er a P&'!
'D3 and 'D3 proess the two ser0ies in the sa/e /anner as 'D1!
Copyright Huawei
*BA
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
:SN
N51 N52
,S:
.C
.C
.C
7ranc .
UNI NNI NNI
UNI
:ort6 1@802*1FA
Ser(ie &
:ort6 1@802*1FA
Ser(ie &
:ort6 2@FinFA
Ser(ie $
7ranc 7
NNI
UNI
&ea!?uarter
7ranc . 7ranc 7
.C
.C
:ort6 2@FinFA
Ser(ie $
:ort6 1@802*1FA
Ser(ie &
:ort6 2@FinFA
Ser(ie $
:<1
:<2
#+%/+%+4 VP5S
1irtual pri0ate #-' ser0ie (1P#&)" also alled transparent #-' ser0ie (T#&) or 0irtual
pri0ate swithed networ9 ser0ie" is a #ayer 2 0irtual pri0ate networ9 (#21P') tehnology
that is .ased on 4ultiprotool #a.el &withing (4P#&) and Dthernet tehnologies!
1P#& helps ser0ie pro0iders pro0ide users with Dthernet-.ased /ultipoint ser0ies o0er
4P#& .a9.one networ9s!
1P#& has the following .asi onepts7
Pseudo wire (PC)7 - PC is an e/ulated onnetion .etween two pro0ider edge (PD)
nodes for trans/itting fra/es! PCs are esta.lished and /aintained .y PD nodes through
signaling protools! The status infor/ation of a PC is /aintained .y the two end PD
nodes of a PC!
1irtual swith instane (1&I)7 Dah 1&I pro0ides independent 1P#& ser0ies! 1&Is ha0e
Dthernet .ridge funtions and an ter/inate PCs!
#+%/+%+* Split !oriEon Group
Con0ergene ser0ies reei0ed fro/ different ports are isolated to pre0ent a .roadast stor/
resulting fro/ a ser0ie loop and i/pro0e ser0ie seurity! To i/ple/ent ser0ie isolation"
you an onfigure a split hori8on group for the D-#-' ser0ies at the speified nodes! The
logial ports in one split hori8on group annot forward pa9ets to eah other!
+igure 1-23* shows a typial appliation of the split hori8on group! 'Ds on the networ9 are
onfigured with D-#-' ser0ies" and the east and west ports and ser0ie aess ports are
onfigured as /ounted ports of a .ridge! In this ase" if a split hori8on group is not onfigured
at 'D1" .roadast stor/ ours due to a networ9 loop as the east and west ports an forward
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
pa9ets to eah other! If a split hori8on group is reated at 'D1 and the east and west ports are
onfigured as /e/.ers of the split hori8on group" the east and west ports do not forward
pa9ets to eah other! Therefore" a ser0ie loop is pre0ented!
Figure 1.1 &plit hori8on group
N51
N53
N52
N5B
Sp(it ori8on )roup
No!e7
No!e7
No!e7
No!e7
RNC
#+%/+%+1 .AC Address Table .anaement
The entries in a 4-C address ta.le indiate the orresponding relationship .etween 4-C
addresses and ports! - 4-C address ta.le ontains the following entries7 dyna/i entry" stati
entry" and .la9list entry!
If one dyna/i entry is not updated in a ertain period" that is" if no new pa9et fro/ this 4-C address
is reei0ed to ena.le the re-learning of this 4-C address" this dyna/i entry is auto/atially deleted!
This /ehanis/ is alled aging" and this period is alled aging ti/e!
,yna/i entry
- dyna/i entry is o.tained .y learning of a .ridge through the &1#)I1# /ode! The
dyna/i entry ages!
&tati entry
- stati entry is /anually added .y a networ9 ad/inistrator to the 4-C address ta.le .y
using the '4&! The stati entry does not age! <enerally" the stati entry is onfigured
when a port orresponds to a de0ie with its 4-C address 9nown and this de0ie
trans/its large traffi for a long ti/e!
=la9list entry
- .la9list entry" that is" the 4-C disa.led entry" is used to disard the data fra/e that
ontains the speified 4-C address (soure 4-C address or destination 4-C address)!
- .la9list entry is also alled a .la9hole entry! The .la9list entry is onfigured .y the
networ9 ad/inistrator! The .la9list entry does not age" and is not lost after the Dthernet
proessing .oard is reset!
#+%/+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations of #ayer 2 swithing!
Copyright Huawei
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Table 1.1 &peifiations of 'ati0e D-#-'
Item Speci6cations
=ridge type *02!1, .ridge
*02!1E .ridge
*02!1-, .ridge
'u/.er of .ridge 1
=ridge swithing /ode I1# (applia.le to the *02!1E .ridge and
*02!1ad .ridge)
&1# (applia.le to the *02!1, .ridge)
'u/.er of D-#-' ser0ies $pti% $&' (007 1
$pti% $&' ((07 1
$pti% $&' (*07 102@
'u/.er of 1#-'s supported .y D-#-'
ser0ies
@0A@
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of split hori8on groups $pti% $&' (007 1
$pti% $&' ((07 1
$pti% $&' (*07 3
'u/.er of stati entries in the 4-C
address ta.le
$pti% $&' (007 (12
$pti% $&' ((07 (12
$pti% $&' (*07 20@*
NOTE
&tati 4-C address entries and .la9list 4-C
address entries share entry resoures!
'u/.er of .la9list entries in the 4-C
address ta.le
$pti% $&' (007 (12
$pti% $&' ((07 (12
$pti% $&' (*07 20@*
NOTE
&tati 4-C address entries and .la9list 4-C
address entries share entry resoures!
4-C address aging ti/e 1 /inute to B@0 /inutes
=roadast pa9et suppression funtion &upported
Table 1.2 &peifiations of 1P#&
Item Speci6cations
'u/.er of 1&Is $pti% $&' (007 1B
$pti% $&' ((07 12*
$pti% $&' (*07 102@
Total nu/.er of $pti% $&' (007 102@
Copyright Huawei
*32
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cations
logial ports
$pti% $&' ((07 102@
$pti% $&' (*07 *1A2
'u/.er of
logial ports
supported .y
eah 1&I
$pti% $&' (007 B@
$pti% $&' ((07 12*
$pti% $&' (*07 2(B
'u/.er of 1-
5'Is supported
.y e6uip/ent
$pti% $&' (00 and $pti% $&' ((07
Number of '.#N1s Number of '!ANs
32 @0AB
B@ 20@3
12* 1023
2(B (11
(12 2((
102@ 123
$pti% $&' (*07
'ot supported
4a;i/u/
nu/.er of
hori8ontal split
groups
3
'u/.er of
4-C addresses
supported .y
eah 1&I
$pti% $&' (007 1B3*@
$pti% $&' ((07 1B3*@
$pti% $&' (*07 B((3B
=ridge
swithing /ode
$pti% $&' (007 &1#
$pti% $&' ((07 &1#
$pti% $&' (*07 I1# and &1#
=roadast
pa9et
suppression
funtion
&upported
NOTE
The suppression of .roadast pa9ets at 5'I ports is supported!
#+%/+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools related to #ayer 2 swithing!
The following standards and protools are related to #ayer 2 swithing7
Copyright Huawei
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IDDD *02!1,7 4edia -ess Control (4-C) =ridges
IDDD *02!1E7 1irtual =ridged #oal -rea 'etwor9s
#+%/+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the #ayer 2 swithing
feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
Copyright Huawei
*3@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Version
Applicable Product
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
#+%/+4 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for layer 2 swithing at the networ9
design phase!
-eature
Dependency and
5imitation 3b=ect
Content Remar,s
1P#& The PC .andwidth
li/itation is not supported!
')-
The #4 funtion is not
supported!
')-
The suppression of
.roadast pa9ets at ''I
ports is not supported!
')-
1P#& annot oe;ist with
'ati0e D-#-' ser0ies on
an 'D!
in0ol0ed!
Chen P$2T-.ased PC D-
#ine ser0ies need to .e
reated on the ports whose
enapsulation type is null"
only end-to-end PC D-line
ser0ies are supported! The
o/.ination of D-#ine L D-
#-' ser0ies is not
supported!
')-
')-
Copyright Huawei
*3(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-eature
Dependency and
5imitation 3b=ect
Content Remar,s
added into a #-<!
#+%/+* Principles
The 9ey of #ayer 2 swithing is to forward Dthernet pa9ets .ased on a 4-C address ta.le!
Pac,et -or7ardin Procedure o8 1"%+#D and 1"%+#< )rides
1! In the ase of an *02!1E .ridge" it he9s the 1#-' I, of a data fra/e that is reei0ed
at the port! If the 1#-' I, of this fra/e is not e6ual to the 1#-' I, of the port" the
.ridge disards this fra/e!
2! If the .roadast pa9et suppression funtion of the .ridge port is ena.led and the traffi
of the .roadast pa9et e;eeds the preset threshold 0alue" the port disards the
.roadast fra/e whose traffi e;eeds the threshold!
3! -ording to the learning /ode (&1# or I1#)" the .ridge adds or updates the entry
orresponding to the soure 4-C address of the data fra/e in the 4-C address ta.le"
and thus esta.lishes the /apping relationship .etween the 4-C address and the port!
@! The .ridge he9s the destination 4-C address of the data fra/e in the 4-C address
ta.le!
N If the .la9list entry orresponding to the soure 4-C address or destination 4-C
address e;ists" the .ridge disards this data fra/e!
N If the dyna/i entry or the stati entry orresponding to the destination 4-C address
e;ists" the .ridge forwards this data fra/e to the destination port indiated .y the
entry!
N If no orresponding entry e;ists" the .ridge forwards the pa9et a/ong all the ports of
the .ridge or a/ong all the /ounted ports of the 1#-' (e;luding the soure port)"
aording to the .ridge type (*02!1, .ridge or *02!1E .ridge)!
(! - .ridge needs to he9 whether the soure port and the destination port are in the sa/e
split hori8on group .efore forwarding data fra/es! #ogial ports that are in the sa/e
split hori8on group annot forward pa9ets to eah other!
If the &TP or the 2&TP of the .ridge is ena.led" only the port in the forwarding state an forward data
fra/es!
Pac,et -or7ardin Procedure o8 an 1"%+#ad )ride
This setion uses D-#-' (*02!1ad .ridge) ser0ies illustrated in +igure 1-23A to desri.e how
data fra/es are proessed on the *02!1ad .ridge!
Copyright Huawei
*3B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 D-#-' (*02!1ad .ridge) ser0ie e;a/ple
N51
N53
N52
:OR'1
No!e7 1
:OR'2
:OR'1
Vo2:
&S2
No!e7 2
:OR'1
20 &S2
10 Vo2:
C-V,.N Ser/ice
30 Vo2:
C-V,.N Ser/ice
B0 &S2
:OR'1
N53
802*1a! $ri!)e
S-V,.N 100
S-V,.N 200
:OR'2
Vo2:
&S2
N52
N51
No!e7 1
:OR'1
:OR'1
No!e7 2
Data@&S2A
Data@Vo2:A
Data@&S2A
Data@Vo2:A
C-V,.N@20/B0A
C-V,.N@10/30A
S-V,.N@200A
S-V,.N@100A C-V,.N@10/30A
C-V,.N@20/B0A
:OR'3
:OR'B
N53
-s shown in +igure 1-23A" the trans/ission networ9 needs to arry 0oie o0er IP (1oIP)
#+%/+1 Con6uration Procedure
Configuring Dthernet ser0ies .ased on #ayer 2 swithing in0ol0es onfiguring D-#-'
ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%/+1+# Con6uration Procedure $I::: 1"%+#d )ride')ased
:'5AN Services(
This setion desri.es the proedures for onfiguring the ser0ie infor/ation" port
infor/ation" protetion infor/ation" and Eo& infor/ation of an IDDD *02!1d .ridge-.ased D-
#-' ser0ie and the proedure for 0erifying the ser0ie onfigurations!
Con6uration -lo7 Chart
+igure 1-2*0 pro0ides the proedures for onfiguring IDDD *02!1d-.ridge-.ased D-#-'
ser0ies!
Figure 1.1 Configuration flow hart (IDDD *02!1d .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ies)
Start
Re?uire!
Optiona(
5n!
Confi)urin) 5-,.N ser/ices
Confi)urin) 5ternet ports
Verif#in) 5ternet ser/ice
confi)urations
Confi)urin) FoS
The proedures in the onfiguration flow hart are desri.ed as follows!
Procedures 8or Con6urin :thernet Ports
Table 1.1 Proedures for onfiguring Dthernet ports
&etting the
<eneral
-ttri.utes of
Dthernet
Interfaes
In the ase of used ports" set Eable )ort to Eabled! In the ase of
unused ports" set Eable )ort to ,isabled!
&et Eca-sulatio T/-e to Null!
In the ase of an Dthernet port that is onneted to e;ternal e6uip/ent"

set "or*ig Mode to .e the sa/e 0alue as the e;ternal e6uip/ent
(generally" the wor9ing /ode of the e;ternal e6uip/ent is auto-
negotiation)! In the ase of an Dthernet port within the networ9" set
"or*ig Mode to Auto.Negotiatio!
Copyright Huawei
*3*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Chen :u/.o fra/es are trans/itted" set Max Frame !egt$3b/te4

aording to the atual length of the :u/.o fra/es! $therwise" it is
reo//ended that you set Max Frame !egt$3b/te4 to 1@26!
Configuring
+low Control
+or ports that arry D-#-' ser0ies" the flow ontrol funtion is always
disa.led!
&etting the
-d0aned
-ttri.utes of
Dthernet Ports
2e6uired when you need to ena.le the port self-loop test and auto/ati
loop.a9 shutdown funtions or to ena.le the .roadast pa9et
suppression funtion!
&et !oo-bac* C$ec*" !oo-bac* )ort %$utdow" Eablig Broadcast
)ac*et %u--ressio" and Broadcast )ac*et %u--ressio T$res$old
aording to the atual re6uire/ents!
Procedures 8or Con6urin :'5AN Services
Table 1.1 Proedures for onfiguring D-#-' ser0ies
Configuring IDDD *02!1d
=ridge-=ased D-#-'
&er0ies
&et Tag T/-e to Tag.Tras-aret!
&et %elf.!earig MAC Address to Eabled aording

to the planning infor/ation!
In the #N1 ta." set )ort aording to the planning

infor/ation and set '!ANs0C'!AN to Null!
To disa.le the pa9et forwarding .etween ertain D-#-'

ser0ie ports" add the ports to %-lit >oriAo 9rou-
Member!
4anaging
the 4-C
address ta.le
Creating a
=la9list
Dntry of
4-C
-ddresses
2e6uired when usage of D-#-' ser0ies needs to .e
disa.led on ertain 4-C address host!
&et the para/eters aording to the networ9 planning
infor/ation!
Creating a
&tati 4-C
-ddress
Dntry
2e6uired if you need to set ertain 4-C address entries not
to age!
infor/ation!
Configuring
the -ging
Para/eters
of a 4-C
-ddress
Ta.le
2e6uired if the aging funtion needs to .e disa.led or if the
default aging ti/e (fi0e /inutes) needs to .e hanged!
infor/ation!
&etting the 4ode for
Proessing an 5n9nown
$ptional!
Copyright Huawei
*3A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+ra/e of the D-#-'
&er0ie
Procedures 8or Con6urin <oS
Table 1.1 Proedures for onfiguring Eo&
4odifying the
4apping
2elationships
for the ,&
,o/ain
2e6uired when the default /apping relationships for the ,& do/ain do
not /eet the atual re6uire/ents!
&et the para/eters aording to the networ9 planning infor/ation!
Changing the
Ports in a ,&
,o/ain and
Their Trusted
Pa9et Types
2e6uired when the pa9et type trusted .y a port is not the default trusted
pa9et type (C-1#-' priority) applied to the ,& do/ain!
1!23!10!1
Creating a ,&
,o/ain
2e6uired when /ultiple ,& do/ains are to .e reated!
1!23!10!@
Creating a Port
Poliy
2e6uired when you need to apply Eo& poliies other than ,& and port
shaping for a speifi port!
1!23!10!B
Creating a
Traffi +low
2e6uired when you need to perfor/ the -C#" Co&" C-2" or shaping
operation for a speifi flow o0er the port!
&etting the Port
That 5ses the
Port Poliy
2e6uired when the new port poliy is reated!
1!23!10!13
Configuring
Port &haping
2e6uired if you need to li/it the egress .andwidth that an Dthernet
ser0ie oupies!
Procedures 8or Veri8yin :thernet Service Con6urations
Table 1.1 Proedures for 0erifying Dthernet ser0ie onfigurations
1!1@!A!1
Creating an 4,
2e6uired in the ase of the 'Ds where the two Dthernet ports in0ol0ed in
the ser0ie test are loated! &et the para/eters as follows7
Copyright Huawei
**0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&et Maiteace ,omai Name and Maiteace ,omai !e&el to

the sa/e 0alues for the two 'Ds!
In the test of an Dthernet ser0ie .etween two edge nodes on the

transport networ9" it is reo//ended that Maiteace ,omai
!e&el ta9es the default 0alue @! In the test of an Dthernet ser0ie
.etween two internal 'Ds on the transport networ9" set Maiteace
,omai !e&el to a 0alue s/aller than @! In the test of an Dthernet
ser0ie .etween two Dthernet ports on the sa/e 'D" set
Maiteace ,omai !e&el to a 0alue s/aller than the 0alue that is
set in the test of an Dthernet ser0ie .etween two internal 'Ds on the
transport networ9!
1!1@!A!2
Creating an 4-
&et Maiteace ,omai Name to the 0alue of Maiteace

,omai Name that is set in the preeding step!
&et Maiteace Associatio Name to the sa/e 0alue for the two
'Ds!
&et 2ele&at %er&ice to the sa/e ser0ie for the two 'Ds!
It is reo//ended that you set CC Test Trasit )eriod to 1s!

1!1@!A!3
Creating an
4DP Point
&et Maiteace Associatio Name to the 0alue of Maiteace

Associatio Name that is set in the preeding step!
&et Board and )ort to the Dthernet ports that are in0ol0ed in the
ser0ie test!
&et ME) 1, to different 0alues for 4DPs in the sa/e 4,!
If the $-4 infor/ation initiated .y the 4DP tra0els through the

pa9et swithing unit on the loal 'D" set ,irectio of the 4DP to
1gress! $therwise" set ,irectio to Egress!
The 4DP I, is used to identify the 4DP during the CC test! Therefore"
set CC %tatus to Acti&e!
1!1@!A!@
Creating
2e/ote 4DPs
in an 4-
2e6uired in the ase of the 'D where the Dthernet ports in0ol0ed in the
$-4 operation are loated! &et the para/eters as follows7


To ensure that an 4DP an respond to the $-4 operations initiated .y

the other 4DPs in the sa/e 4-" you need to set the other 4DPs to
.e the re/ote 4DPs of this 4DP!
Perfor/ an #=
test to test the
Dthernet ser0ie
onfigurations
2e6uired!
The #= test result should show that no pa9et loss ours!
Copyright Huawei
**1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+%/+1+% Con6uration Procedure $I::: 1"%+#B )ride')ased
:'5AN Services(
infor/ation" protetion infor/ation" and Eo& infor/ation of an IDDD *02!16 .ridge-.ased D-
#-' ser0ie and the proedure for 0erifying the ser0ie onfigurations!
+igure 1-2*1 pro0ides the proedures for onfiguring IDDD *02!16 .ridge-.ased D-#-'
ser0ies!
Figure 1.1 Configuration flow hart (IDDD *02!16 .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ies)
Start
Re?uire!
Optiona(
5n!
confi)urations
Confi)urin) FoS
The detailed infor/ation a.out the proedures in the flow hart is pro0ided as follows!
&etting the
<eneral
-ttri.utes of
Dthernet
Interfaes
&et Eca-sulatio T/-e to H62.1+!
In the ase of the Dthernet port that is onneted to the e;ternal

e6uip/ent" set "or*ig Mode to .e the sa/e 0alue as the e;ternal
e6uip/ent (generally" the wor9ing /ode of the e;ternal e6uip/ent is
auto-negotiation)! In the ase of the Dthernet ports within the
networ9" set "or*ig Mode to Auto.Negotiatio!
Copyright Huawei
**2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0

Configuring
+low Control
disa.led!
&etting the
#ayer 2
-ttri.utes of
Dthernet Ports
If all the aessed ser0ies arry 1#-' tags (tagged fra/es)" set TA9
to Tag Aware!
If none of the aessed ser0ies arries 1#-' tags (untagged fra/es)"

set TA9 to Access" and set ,efault '!AN 1, and '!AN )riorit/
aording to the networ9 planning infor/ation!
If the aessed ser0ies ontain tagged fra/es and untagged fra/es"

set TA9 to >/brid" and set ,efault '!AN 1, and '!AN )riorit/
aording to the networ9 planning infor/ation!
&etting the
-d0aned
-ttri.utes of
Dthernet Ports
aording to the re6uire/ents!
Configuring IDDD *02!16
=ridge-=ased D-#-'
&er0ies
&et Tag T/-e to C.Aware!

In the #N1 ta." set the para/eters aording to the


Member!
4anaging
the 4-C
address ta.le
Creating a
=la9list
Dntry of
4-C
-ddresses
infor/ation!
Creating a
&tati 4-C
-ddress
to age!
Copyright Huawei
**3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Dntry infor/ation!
Configuring
the -ging
Para/eters
of a 4-C
-ddress
Ta.le
infor/ation!
+ra/e of the D-#-'
&er0ie
$ptional!
4odifying the
4apping
2elationships
for the ,&
,o/ain
Changing the
Ports in a ,&
,o/ain and
Their Trusted
Pa9et Types
1!23!10!1
Creating a ,&
,o/ain
1!23!10!@
Creating a Port
Poliy
shaping for a speifi port!
1!23!10!B
Creating a
Traffi +low
&etting the Port
That 5ses the
Port Poliy
1!23!10!13
Configuring
Port &haping
ser0ie oupies!
Copyright Huawei
**@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1!1@!A!1
Creating an 4,


transport networ9!
1!1@!A!2
Creating an 4-

'Ds!

1!1@!A!3
Creating an
4DP Point

ser0ie test!

1!1@!A!@
Creating
2e/ote 4DPs
in an 4-



Copyright Huawei
**(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Perfor/ an #=
test to test the
Dthernet ser0ie
onfigurations
2e6uired!
#+%/+1+& Con6uration Procedure $I::: 1"%+#ad )ride'
)ased :'5AN Services(
infor/ation" protetion infor/ation" and Eo& infor/ation of an IDDD *02!1ad .ridge-.ased
D-#-' ser0ie and the proedure for 0erifying the ser0ie onfigurations!
+igure 1-2*2 pro0ides the proedures for onfiguring IDDD *02!1ad .ridge-.ased D-#-'
ser0ies!
Figure 1.1 Configuration flow hart (IDDD *02!1ad .ridge-.ased D-#-' ser0ies)
Start
Re?uire!
Optiona(
5n!
confi)urations
Confi)urin) FoS
The detailed infor/ation a.out the proedures in the flow hart is pro0ided as follows!
Copyright Huawei
**B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&etting the
<eneral
-ttri.utes of
Dthernet
Interfaes
If a 5'I an aess untagged fra/es" set Eca-sulatio T/-e to Null!

If a 5'I an aess tagged fra/es only" set Eca-sulatio T/-e to
H62.1+!
In the ase of an ''I" set Eca-sulatio T/-e to +i+!
In the ase of the Dthernet port that is onneted to the e;ternal

e6uip/ent" set "or*ig Mode to .e the sa/e 0alue as the e;ternal
e6uip/ent (generally" the wor9ing /ode of the e;ternal e6uip/ent is
auto-negotiation)! In the ase of the Dthernet ports within the
networ9" set "or*ig Mode to Auto.Negotiatio!

Configuring
+low Control
disa.led!
&etting the
#ayer 2
-ttri.utes of
Dthernet Ports
In the ase of a 5'I" if Eca-sulatio T/-e is set to H62.1+" set TA9

to Tag Aware (default 0alue)!
In the ase of an ''I that is onneted to the e;ternal e6uip/ent" set

+i+ T/-e ,omai aording to the T-PI, of the &1#-' that is
supported .y the e;ternal e6uip/ent!
&etting the
-d0aned
-ttri.utes of
Dthernet Ports
aording to the re6uire/ents!
Configuring IDDD *02!1ad
=ridge-=ased D-#-'
&er0ies
&et Tag T/-e to %.Aware!

In the #N1 and NN1 ta. pages" set the para/eters

Copyright Huawei
**3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
aording to the planning infor/ation!

Member!
4anaging
the 4-C
address ta.le
Creating a
=la9list
Dntry of
4-C
-ddresses
infor/ation!
Creating a
&tati 4-C
-ddress
Dntry
to age!
infor/ation!
Configuring
the -ging
Para/eters
of a 4-C
-ddress
Ta.le
infor/ation!
+ra/e of the D-#-'
&er0ie
$ptional!
4odifying the
4apping
2elationships
for the ,&
,o/ain
Changing the
Ports in a ,&
,o/ain and
Their Trusted
Pa9et Types
1!23!10!1
Creating a ,&
,o/ain
1!23!10!@
Creating a Port
Copyright Huawei
***
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Poliy shaping for a speifi port!
1!23!10!B
Creating a
Traffi +low
&etting the Port
That 5ses the
Port Poliy
1!23!10!13
Configuring
Port &haping
ser0ie oupies!
1!1@!A!1
Creating an 4,


transport networ9!
1!1@!A!2
Creating an 4-

'Ds!

1!1@!A!3
Creating an
4DP Point

Copyright Huawei
**A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
ser0ie test!

1!1@!A!@
Creating
2e/ote 4DPs
in an 4-



Perfor/ an #=
test to test the
Dthernet ser0ie
onfigurations
2e6uired!
#+%/+/ Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure #ayer 2 swithing
ser0ies aording to networ9 onditions!
+or the onfiguration e;a/ple of #ayer 2 swithing" see Configuration Guide7
Configuration D;a/ple (D-#-' &er0ies Carried .y PCs)
Configuration D;a/ple (*02!1d =ridge-=ased D-#-' &er0ie)
Configuration D;a/ple (*02!16 =ridge-=ased D-#-' &er0ie)
Configuration D;a/ple (*02!1ad =ridge-=ased D-#-' &er0ie)
#+%/+#" Relevant Alarms and :vents
There are no alar/s or perfor/ane e0ents rele0ant to #ayer 2 swithing!
#+&" Smart 5ine )oard Solution
To address the inrease of .andwidth and the e0ol0e/ent fro/ T,4 ser0ies to pa9et
ser0ies" Huawei pro0ides the s/art line .oard solution! This solution ena.les $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent to /eet the new re6uire/ents of traditional .earer networ9s on trans/ission
e6uip/ent!
Copyright Huawei
*A0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+&"+# Introduction
The .andwidth re6uire/ents of /etropolitan area networ9s (4-'s) inrease greatly with the
de0elop/ent of 54T&)#TD wireless .road.and and ;,&#)+TT; fi;ed .road.and /ar9ets!
4-'s pro0ide a 10 <.it)s .andwidth urrently" and the .andwidth inrease re6uires /ore
optial fi.ers! To address this situation" the $pti% $&' (*0 e6uip/ent pro0ides the s/art line
.oard solution" whih an trans/it @0 <.it)s ser0ies on a single optial fi.er!
Traditional .earer networ9s re6uire trans/ission e6uip/ent to7
Pro0ide a low-ost solution that supports @0 <.it)s .andwidth for a single optial fi.er!
&upport the hy.rid trans/ission of T,4" $T'" and pa9et ser0ies on the sa/e optial
fi.er to sa0e optial resoures!
Currently" dense wa0elength di0ision /ultiple;ing (,C,4) or oarse wa0elength di0ision
/ultiple;ing (CC,4) is used to /eet the preeding re6uire/ents" .ut it has the following
disad0antages7
-dditional slots are re6uired for /ultiple;er)de/ultiple;er .oards!
$ptial-layer features of the wa0elength di0ision /ultiple;ing (C,4) syste/ are used"
whih /a9es operation and /aintenane ($T4) /ore diffiult!
&er0ie ad:ust/ent is diffiult! +or e;a/ple" so/e .oards need to .e replaed when a 20
<.it)s &,H ser0ie and a 20 <.it)s pa9et ser0ie are e0ol0ed to a @0 <.it)s pa9et
ser0ie!
The s/art line .oard solution resol0es all the preeding pro.le/s! This solution has the
following ad0antages7
'o additional slots are re6uired! - s/art line .oard has .oth the optial transponder unit
($T5) and /ultiple;er)de/ultiple;er unit!
$ptial-layer features of the C,4 syste/ are not used so users an perfor/ $T4 as
.efore!
&er0ie ad:ust/ent is easy! - s/art line .oard supports hy.rid trans/ission of T,4 and
pa9et ser0ies! =andwidths an .e onfigured for T,4 and pa9et ser0ies fle;i.ly"
whih /a9es it possi.le for T,4 ser0ies to s/oothly e0ol0e to pa9et ser0ies! +or
e;a/ple" when a 20 <.it)s &,H ser0ie and a 20 <.it)s pa9et ser0ie are e0ol0ed to a
@0 <.it)s pa9et ser0ie" you only need to ad:ust ser0ie onfigurations on the networ9
/anage/ent syste/ ('4&) without replaing any .oards!
+igure 1-2*3 shows an appliation of the s/art line .oard solution!
Copyright Huawei
*A1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ for the s/art line .oard solution
.ccess (a#er an!
con/er)ence (a#er
7ac-$one (a#er
OptiX OSN 3500
OptiX OSN 550
OptiX OSN 500
OptiA OSN 4?%
10G5/
S'>-DB
10G5
G5
B0G5
OptiX OSN e?uip"ent
%it s"art (ine $oar!s
OptiX OSN
7500 22
OptiX OSN
580
0nifie!
s%itcin)
$oar!
:P'
VC
S)art "i!e 8oar#
S'>-DB/10G5
S'>-DB/10G5
S'>-DB/10G5
S'>-DB/10G5
13O'03
:
o
r
t
S)art "i!e 8oar#
S'>-DB/10G5
S'>-DB/10G5
S'>-DB/10G5
S'>-DB/10G5
13O'03
:
o
r
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'D>
$oar!
:ac-et
$oar!
'D> ser/ice
:ac-et ser/ice
5
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u
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t
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-fter T,4 and pa9et ser0ies on0erge at a @0 <.it)s s/art line .oard" /ultiple logial
&,H or pa9et rings an .e reated to trans/it the ser0ies! +i0e typial onfiguration /odes
are a0aila.le for logial &,H and pa9et rings!
No+ Con6uration .ode Smart 5ine )oard
Con6uration
1 @;10<D logial pa9et ring @;10<D 0irtual port
2 3;10<D logial pa9et ring and
1;10 <.it)s logial &,H ring
3;10<D 0irtual port and 1;&T4-B@
0irtual port
3 2;10<D logial pa9et ring and
0irtual port
@ 1;10<D logial pa9et ring and
0irtual port
Copyright Huawei
*A2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
No+ Con6uration .ode Smart 5ine )oard
Con6uration
( @;10 <.it)s logial &,H ring @;&T4-B@ 0irtual port
#+&"+% )asic Concepts
The s/art line .oard solution is i/ple/ented .ased on the photonis integrated de0ie (PI,)
and &/art tehnologies!
#+&"+%+# PID Technoloy
The photonis integrated de0ie (PI,) tehnology integrates the optial transponder unit
($T5) and /ultiple;er)de/ultiple;er unit on a s/art line .oard! - s/art line .oard is
e6ui0alent to the o/.ination of ' 10<D pa9et proessing .oards" ' &T4-B@ &,H line
.oards" and ' /ultiple;er)de/ultiple;er .oards! It i/ple/ents hy.rid trans/ission of T,4
and pa9et ser0ies" i/pro0ing e6uip/ent integration! The PI, tehnology has the following
ad0antages7
Pro0ides large-apaity line ports" whih an .e used to reate si/ple and easy-to-
/aintain /etropolitan area networ9s (4-'s) with lager apaity!
N - s/art line .oard an pro0ide line ports with the /a;i/u/ apaity of @0 <.it)s!
Two s/art line .oards an .e onneted using two optial fi.ers to reate a @0 <.it)s
point-to-point trans/ission syste/ with no need for any other optial-layer
o/ponents!
N The $T5 and /ultiple;er)de/ultiple;er unit are integrated on a s/art line .oard"
ahie0ing high e6uip/ent integration! The PI,-.ased s/art line .oard has large
apaity li9e a wa0elength di0ision /ultiple;ing (C,4) syste/" .ut does not ha0e
the pro.le/s of o/ple; optial-layer design and o//issioning that a C,4
syste/ suffers fro/!
+igure 1-2*@ shows the differenes .efore and after s/art line .oards are used when
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent trans/its @0 <.it)s ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
*A3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 ,ifferenes .efore and after s/art line .oards are used
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B 3 10G
7efore s"art (ine $oar!s are use!+ "an# SD& (ine $oar!s+ pac-et
processin) $oar!s+ an! "u(tip(e3er/!e"u(tip(e3er $oar!s are re?uire!*
.fter s"art (ine $oar!s are use!+ te# can recei/e+ trans"it+ "u(tip(e3+ an!
!e"u(tip(e3 B310G5 si)na(s*
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Pro0ides sta.le and relia.le networ9s!
N Cith trans/ission apaity unhanged" optial fi.er onnetions .etween $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent greatly derease after @0 <.it)s s/art line .oards are used" whih
signifiantly redues faults aused .y optial fi.er onnetions!
N Cith trans/ission apaity unhanged" .oards used .y $pti% $&' e6uip/ent greatly
derease" whih redues possi.le failure points!
N Protetion an .e onfigured for T,4 and pa9et ser0ies!
#+&"+%+% Smart Technoloy
The ore of the &/art tehnology is to groo/ ser0ies of any granularity or any type on the
T,4 and pa9et planes! The &/art tehnology ena.les T,4 and pa9et ser0ies to .e
trans/itted together and then on0erged at @0 <.it)s ports on the ''I side!
If the 5'I-side ser0ies are pure T,4 ser0ies" the s/art line .oard adapts the T,4
ser0ies to ';&T4-B@ ser0ies to on0erge the T,4 ser0ies of any granularity to
&T4-B@ ser0ies!
If the 5'I-side ser0ies are T,4 and pa9et ser0ies" the s/art line .oard adapts the
ser0ies to ';&T4-B@ and 4;10<D ser0ies to on0erge T,4 ser0ies to &T4-B@
ser0ies and pa9et ser0ies to 10<D ser0ies!
If the 5'I-side ser0ies are pure pa9et ser0ies" the s/art line .oard adapts the pa9et
ser0ies to ';10<D ser0ies to on0erge the pa9et ser0ies to 10<D ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
*A@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+igure 1-2*( shows the appliation of the &/art tehnology when $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
trans/its @0 <.it)s ser0ies!
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of the &/art tehnology
Or
OSN 580
OpitA OSN 4?%
OptiX OSN 580
e?uip"ent %it s"art
(ine $oar!s
OSN 7500 22
0N2 si!e
51/F5/G5 No!e 7
5nterprise
51/S'>-N/F5/G5
G5/10G5
>o!e"
DS,.>
DBP/51
53/5B
S'>-N
F5/G5/10G5
0nifie!
s%itcin)
:P'
VC
'D> an!
pac-et $oar!s
0nifie!
s%itcin) $oar!
S"art (ine $oar!
N3S'>-DBI>310G5
N3S'>-DB
N310G5
Or
NN2 si!e
Note6 >INB
10G5
10G5
S'>-DB
10G5
O'03
The &/art tehnology uses an arhiteture with the 5'I side and ''I side separated" whih
helps ahie0e long-ter/ sta.le operation of networ9s! Carriers do not need to ad:ust or e0en
replan ''I-side networ9s when ser0ie types or ount hanges! The ser0ie hanges an .e
i/ple/ented .y replaing or adding 5'I-side T,4 or pa9et .oards! +or e;a/ple" if new
types of ser0ies are re6uired" arriers only need to replae T,4 or pa9et .oards to
reei0e)trans/it the new ser0ies! The &/art tehnology helps arriers /a;i/i8e return on
in0est/ent and shortens the ti/e re6uired for ser0ie deploy/ent!
#+&"+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations of the s/art line .oard solution that $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent supports!
Item Speci6cations
'u/.er of s/art line
.oards supported
B
'u/.er of 0irtual ports +our 0irtual ports" whih an .e &,H ports or pa9et ports
NOT1CE
Copyright Huawei
*A(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Item Speci6cations
-n H5'&3 .oard has the apa.ility to proess a /a;i/u/ of @0
<.it)s ser0ies! The real proessing apa.ility of an H5'&3 .oard
relates to the nu/.er of lienses loaded to the H5'&3 .oard!
&er0ie aess apaity @0 <.it)s for a single optial port
+i0e onfiguration /odes are a0aila.le7
@;10<D 0irtual port
3;10<D 0irtual port and 1;&T4-B@ 0irtual port
@;&T4-B@ 0irtual port

Configure 0irtual ports on the '4& .ased on your
re6uire/ents!
Trans/ission distane @0 9/
#+&"+0 Availability
This setion lists the 0ersion and hardware re6uire/ents that $pti% $&' e6uip/ent /ust
/eet in order to run the s/art line .oard solution!
Version ReBuirements
Product Version
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 or later
i4anager 52000 12002001C00 or later
!ard7are ReBuirements
)oard Product Version Product Type
H5'&3 11002003C10 or later $pti% $&' (*0
H5',2 11002003C10 or later $pti% $&' (*0
#+&"+2 Principles
The s/art line .oard solution is i/ple/ented .ased on the s/art .oard line priniples!
#+&"+2+# Principles o8 !UNS&
H5'&3 .oards support onurrent trans/ission of &,H ser0ies and pa9et ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
*AB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-n H5'&3 .oard an onurrently trans/it a /a;i/u/ of @0 <.it)s &,H ser0ies and @0
<.it)s pa9et ser0ies! =oard funtions 0ary aording to reei0ed signals" as desri.ed in
Ta.le 1-2*1" Ta.le 1-2*2" and Ta.le 1-2*3!
Table 1.1 =asi funtions of H5'&3 .oards
)asic
-unction
Description
&,H 2eei0es a /a;i/u/ of @;&T4-
B@ or 1B;&T4-1B &,H ser0ie
signals fro/ the .a9plane"
enapsulates the reei0ed signals
into the $T53 unit" and outputs
the signals to an optial port!
&er0ie proessing flow7
&T4-1BZ->$,51Z->$,53Z-
>$T53
&T4-B@Z->$,52Z->$,53Z-
>$T53
Ta.le 1-2*2
Pa9et 2eei0es a /a;i/u/ of @;10<D
or 32;<D pa9et ser0ie signals
fro/ the .a9plane" enapsulates
the reei0ed signals into the
$T53 unit" and outputs the
signals to an optial port!
<DZ->$,50Z->$,52Z-
>$T52
10<DZ->$,52Z->$T52
Ta.le 1-2*3
$ptial /odule
speifiations

&upports C+P plugga.le optial /odules!
&upports hot swapping for plugga.le optial /odules!
&upports the detetion and 6uery of optial /odule infor/ation!
-llows you to turn on)off lasers and ena.le the auto/ati laser
shutdown (-#&) funtion for optial ports!
Drror orretion
ode

&upports forward error orretion (+DC) in o/pliane with IT5-T
<!30A!
&upports enhaned forward error orretion (D+DC) in o/pliane

with IT5-T <!A3(!1!
NOTE
=oards using different error orretion odes annot .e interonneted!
-uto/ati fi.er
searh
&upported
4aintenane
features

&upports inloops and outloops at optial ports!
&upports war/ reset and old reset! Car/ reset does not affet
ser0ies!
&upports /anufature infor/ation 6uery!

Copyright Huawei
*A3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)asic
-unction
Description
&upports in-ser0ie loading of field progra//a.le gate array

(+P<-)!
&upports s/ooth upgrades of .oard software!
4onitors and reports 0oltage perfor/ane!
&upports one-li9 data olletion!
&upports the pseudo-rando/ .inary se6uene (P2=&) funtion!

Table 1.2 &,H funtions of H5'&3 .oards
-unctions
and
-eatures
Description
&er0ie
proessing
&upports 1C-12)1C-3)1C-@ ser0ies and 1C-@-@)1C-@-1B)1C-@-B@
onatenated ser0ies!
$0erhead
proessing

Proesses setion o0erheads of &T4-1B)&T4-B@ signals!
Transparently trans/its or ter/inates path o0erheads!
&upports the setting and 6uery of F0" F1" and C2 .ytes!

Protetion

&upports su.networ9 onnetion protetion (&'CP)!
&upports linear /ultiple; setion protetion (4&P)!
&upports two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P!

-lar/ and
perfor/ane
/onitoring
4onitors laser .ias urrent and operating te/perature" and optial power!
#oop.a9

&upports inloop and outloop at ports!
&upports inloops and outloops on 1C-@ paths!

Clo9
synhroni8atio
n
&upports physial-layer lo9s!
Clo9 soure &upports 1B hannels of &,H lo9 soures!
Table 1.( Pa9et funtions of H5'&3 .oards
-unctions and
-eatures
Description
Port type &upports three port types7 @0<=-&D-^2@" @0<=-&D-D2@" and
@0<=-&D-#2@!
NOTE
-n optial /odule supporting a trans/ission distane of @0 9/ or 10 9/
annot interonnet with an optial /odule supporting a trans/ission
Copyright Huawei
*A*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-unctions and
-eatures
Description
distane of *0 9/!
Port
attri.ute
s
Cor9ing
/ode
@0<D optial port7 @0<D full-duple;
Tag
attri.utes
The T-< attri.ute an .e set to tag aware" aess" or hy.rid!
Port-.ased
flow
ontrol
&upports auto-negotiation and non-autonegotiation /ode!
NOTE
H5'&3 .oards only reei0e flow ontrol fra/es .ut do not trans/it the/!
Port type
6uery
&upported
Euery and
setting of
optial
power
thresholds
$nly optial ports support this funtion!
Pa9et
ser0ies
4P#& &upported
1#-' &upported
EinE &upported
D-#ine &upports D-#ine ser0ies .ased on port" portL1#-'"
portL1#-'L1#-' Pri" portLEinE" and PCs!
D-#-' &upports 'ati0e D-#-' ser0ies .ased on the IDDD *02!1d
.ridge" IDDD *02!16 .ridge" and IDDD *02!1ad .ridge!
Dthernet
data fra/e
The Dthernet data fra/e for/at is IDDD *02!3 or Dthernet II!
Fu/.o
fra/e
&upported
4T5 2anges fro/ B@ .ytes to AB00 .ytes (1(00 .ytes .y default)!
Protetio
n
Tunnel
-P&
&upports tunnel -P& in o/pliane with IT5-T <!*131!
PC -P& &upports PC -P& in o/pliane with IT5-T <!*131!
D2P& &upports D2P& in o/pliane with IT5-T <!*032 and IT5-T
O!13@@!
#PT &upports #PT in o/pliane with IDDD *02!3ad and IDDD
*02!1a;!
#-< &upports #-< in o/pliane with IDDD *02!3ad and IDDD
*02!1a;!
4C-#-< &upports 4C-#-< in o/pliane with Huawei proprietary
protool!
Copyright Huawei
*AA
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-unctions and
-eatures
Description
Eo&

,iff&er0
&upports si/ple traffi lassifiation .y speifying PH=
ser0ie lasses for ser0ie flows .ased on their Eo&
infor/ation (C-1#-' priorities" &-1#-' priorities" ,&CP
0alues" or 4P#& D%P 0alues) arried .y pa9ets!
Co/ple; traffi lassifiation

&upports o/ple; traffi lassifiation .ased on the soure IP
address" sin9 IP address" soure 4-C address" sin9 4-C
address" IP protool type" soure port I," sin9 port I," IC4P"
,&CP" IP Preedene" C-1#-' I," &-1#-' I," C-1#-'
priority" &-1#-' priority" or ,DI arried .y pa9ets for
Dthernet ingress ports and 1-5'I ingress poliies!
Eo& poliies
&upports port poliies" 1-5'I ingress poliies" 1-5'I egress
poliies" PC poliies" EinE poliies" and C2D, poliies!
-ess ontrol list (-C#)

Passes or disards pa9ets in a flow that /athes rules
speified .y a port poliy or 1-5'I ingress poliy!
C-2
Pro0ides the C-2 funtion for traffi flows at ports and 1-
5'I ingresses!
&haping
Pro0ides traffi shaping for pa9ets in 1-5'I egress" 1-5'I
groups" PCs" tunnel" EinE" egress ports" and egress 6ueues!
Congestion /anage/ent
&upports tail drop and C2D, dropping!
Eueue sheduling poliies

&upports sheduling .ased on &P" C+E" and &PLC+E!
4ainten
ane
features
4P#&-TP
$-4
Co/plies with IT5-T <!*113!1!
Tunnel $-4 and PC $-4
4P#&-TP $-47 supports CC" 2,I" -I&" #=" #T" single-ended

#4" #CG (only for di.iretional tunnels and PCs)" T&T" C&+
(only for D-#ine ser0ies arried .y PCs)" and two-way ,4!
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of $-4 resoures7 *9

DTH $-4 Co/plies with IDDD *02!3ah and IDDD *02!1ag!
Dthernet ser0ie $-47 supports ontinuity he9 (CC)"

loop.a9 (#=)" lin9trae (#T)" alar/ indiation signal (-I&)"
re/ote defet indiation (2,I)" loss /easure/ent (#4)" and
delay /easure/ent (,4)!
Dthernet port $-47 supports $-4 auto-diso0ery" lin9

perfor/ane /onitoring" re/ote loop.a9" and self-loop
detetion!
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of 4,s)4-s)4DP)4IPs7 @G

Copyright Huawei
A00
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-unctions and
-eatures
Description
24$' &upports port-le0el and ser0ie-le0el 24$' in o/pliane with
2+C 2*1A!
&upports four 24$' /anage/ent groups7 Dthernet statistis
group" Dthernet history ontrol group" Dthernet history group" and
Dthernet alar/ group!
&'4P &upports the 6uery of port infor/ation and port)ser0ie
perfor/ane statistis fro/ a standard &'4P ter/inal!
Port
/irroring
&upports port /irroring" whih analy8es and diagnoses ser0ies
without affeting the/!
&upports loal port /irroring!
&upports /irroring in the egress diretion of 5'I and ''I

ports!
&upports /irroring in the ingress diretion of 5'I and ''I

ports!
&ynhro
ni8ation
&ynhrono
us Dthernet
lo9
&upports synhronous Dthernet lo9s in o/pliane with IT5-T
<!*2B1 and IT5-T <!*2B2!
,C' &upports in.and ,C'!
I<4P
&noopin
g
Protool
ena.ling
&upported
Port aging
ti/e
&upported
+ast lea0e &upported
,isarding
un9nown
/ultiast
pa9ets
&upported
&tati
/ultiast
entries
&upported
#+&"+2+% Principles o8 !UND%
H5',2 .oards support onurrent trans/ission of &,H ser0ies and pa9et ser0ies!
-n H5',2 .oard an onurrently trans/it a /a;i/u/ of 10 <.it)s &,H ser0ies and 20
<.it)s pa9et ser0ies! =oard funtions 0ary aording to reei0ed signals" as desri.ed in
Ta.le 1-2*@" Ta.le 1-2*(" and Ta.le 1-2*B!
Copyright Huawei
A01
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 =asi funtions of H5',2 .oards
Input
Sinal
)asic -unction Details
&,H 2eei0es a /a;i/u/ of @;&T4-1B
&,H ser0ie signals fro/ the
.a9plane" enapsulates the reei0ed
signals into the $T52 unit" and
outputs the signals to an optial port!
&er0ie proessing flow7 &T4-1BZ-
>$,51Z->$,52Z->$T52
Ta.le 1-2*(
Pa9et 2eei0es a /a;i/u/ of 2;10<D or
1B;<D pa9et ser0ie signals fro/ the
.a9plane" enapsulates the reei0ed
signals into the $T52 unit" and
outputs the signals to an optial port!
<DZ->$,50Z->$,52Z->$T52
10<DZ->$,52Z->$T52
Ta.le 1-2*B
Table 1.2 &,H funtions of H5',2 .oards
-uncti
ons
and
-eatur
es
Description
$0erhea
d
proessin
g
Proesses setion o0erheads of &T4-1B signals!
Transparently trans/its or ter/inates path o0erheads!
&upports settings and 6ueries of the F0" F1" and C2 .ytes!

Protetio
n

&upports su.networ9 onnetion protetion (&'CP)!
&upports linear /ultiple; setion protetion (4&P)!
&upports two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P!

-lar/
and
perfor/a
ne
/onitori
ng
4onitors =1 and =2 .ytes for loating line faults!
#oop.a
9
&upports inloops and outloops on 1C-@ paths!
Clo9
synhron
i8ation
&upports physial-layer lo9s!
Copyright Huawei
A02
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.( Pa9et funtions of H5',2 .oards
-unctions and
-eatures
Description
Port type

&upports 10<D of CC,4 olored optial ports" whih support
a trans/ission distane of 30 9/!
&upports 10<D of ,C,4 olored optial ports" whih support

a trans/ission distane of @0 9/ or *0 9/!
&upports 10<D of white optial ports" whih support a

trans/ission distane of 0!3 9/" 10 9/" @0 9/" or *0 9/!
&upports 10<D of single-fi.er .idiretional optial ports" whih

support a trans/ission distane of 10 9/ or @0 9/!
Port
attri.ute
s
Cor9ing
/ode

10<D optial port7 10<D full-duple;
<D optial port7 10004 full-duple; and auto-negotiation
<D eletrial port7 10004 full-duple; and auto-negotiation
+D optial port7 1004 full-duple;

Tag
attri.utes
The T-< attri.ute an .e set to tag aware" aess" or hy.rid!
Port-.ased
flow
ontrol
&upports auto-negotiation and non-autonegotiation /ode!
NOTE
H5',2 .oards only reei0e flow ontrol fra/es .ut do not trans/it the/!
Port type
6uery
&upported
Euery and
setting of
optial
power
thresholds
$nly optial ports support this funtion!
Pa9et
ser0ies
4P#& &upported
1#-' &upported
EinE &upported
D-#ine &upports D-#ine ser0ies .ased on port" portL1#-'"
portL1#-'L1#-' Pri" portLEinE" and PCs!
D-#-' &upports 'ati0e D-#-' ser0ies .ased on the IDDD *02!1d
.ridge" IDDD *02!16 .ridge" and IDDD *02!1ad .ridge!
Dthernet
data fra/e
The Dthernet data fra/e for/at is IDDD *02!3 or Dthernet II!
Fu/.o
fra/e
&upported
4T5 2anges fro/ AB0 .ytes to AB00 .ytes (1B20 .ytes .y default)!
Copyright Huawei
A03
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-unctions and
-eatures
Description
Protetio
n
Tunnel
-P&
&upports tunnel -P& in o/pliane with IT5-T <!*131!
PC -P& &upports PC -P& in o/pliane with IT5-T <!*131!
D2P& &upports D2P& in o/pliane with IT5-T <!*032 and IT5-T
O!13@@!
#PT &upports #PT in o/pliane with IDDD *02!3ad and IDDD
*02!1a;!
#-< &upports #-< in o/pliane with IDDD *02!3ad and IDDD
*02!1a;!
4C-#-< &upports 4C-#-< in o/pliane with Huawei proprietary
protool!
Eo&

,iff&er0
&upports si/ple traffi lassifiation .y speifying PH=
ser0ie lasses for ser0ie flows .ased on their Eo&
infor/ation (C-1#-' priorities" &-1#-' priorities" ,&CP
0alues" or 4P#& D%P 0alues) arried .y pa9ets!
Co/ple; traffi lassifiation

&upports o/ple; traffi lassifiation .ased on the soure IP
address" sin9 IP address" soure 4-C address" sin9 4-C
address" IP protool type" soure port I," sin9 port I," IC4P"
,&CP" IP Preedene" C-1#-' I," &-1#-' I," C-1#-'
priority" &-1#-' priority" or ,DI arried .y pa9ets for
Dthernet ingress ports and 1-5'I ingress poliies!
Eo& poliies
&upports port poliies" 1-5'I ingress poliies" 1-5'I egress
poliies" PC poliies" EinE poliies" and C2D, poliies!
-ess ontrol list (-C#)

Passes or disards pa9ets in a flow that /athes rules
speified .y a port poliy or 1-5'I ingress poliy!
C-2
Pro0ides the C-2 funtion for traffi flows at ports and 1-
5'I ingresses!
&haping
Pro0ides traffi shaping for pa9ets in 1-5'I egress" 1-5'I
groups" PCs" tunnel" EinE" egress ports" and egress 6ueues!
Congestion /anage/ent
&upports tail drop and C2D, dropping!
Eueue sheduling poliies

&upports sheduling .ased on &P" C+E" and &PLC+E!
4ainten
ane
4P#&-TP
$-4
Co/plies with IT5-T <!*113!1!
Tunnel $-4 and PC $-4

Copyright Huawei
A0@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-unctions and
-eatures
Description
features

4P#&-TP $-47 supports CC" 2,I" -I&" #=" #T" single-ended
#4" #CG (only for di.iretional tunnels and PCs)" T&T" C&+
(only for D-#ine ser0ies arried .y PCs)" and two-way ,4!
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of $-4 resoures7 *9

DTH $-4 Co/plies with IDDD *02!3ah and IDDD *02!1ag!
Dthernet ser0ie $-47 supports ontinuity he9 (CC)"

loop.a9 (#=)" lin9trae (#T)" alar/ indiation signal (-I&)"
re/ote defet indiation (2,I)" loss /easure/ent (#4)" and
delay /easure/ent (,4)!
Dthernet port $-47 supports $-4 auto-diso0ery" lin9

perfor/ane /onitoring" re/ote loop.a9" and self-loop
detetion!
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of 4,s)4-s)4DP)4IPs7 @G

24$' &upports port-le0el and ser0ie-le0el 24$' in o/pliane with
2+C 2*1A!
&upports four 24$' /anage/ent groups7 Dthernet statistis
group" Dthernet history ontrol group" Dthernet history group" and
Dthernet alar/ group!
&'4P &upports the 6uery of port infor/ation and port)ser0ie
perfor/ane statistis fro/ a standard &'4P ter/inal!
Port
/irroring
&upports port /irroring" whih analy8es and diagnoses ser0ies
without affeting the/!
&upports loal port /irroring!
&upports /irroring in the egress diretion of 5'I and ''I

ports!
&upports /irroring in the ingress diretion of 5'I and ''I

ports!
&ynhro
ni8ation
&ynhrono
us Dthernet
lo9
&upports synhronous Dthernet lo9s in o/pliane with IT5-T
<!*2B1 and IT5-T <!*2B2!
,C' &upports in.and ,C'!
I<4P
&noopin
g
Protool
ena.ling
&upported
Port aging
ti/e
&upported
+ast lea0e &upported
,isarding
un9nown
/ultiast
pa9ets
&upported
&tati &upported
Copyright Huawei
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-unctions and
-eatures
Description
/ultiast
entries
#+&"+4 Con6uration Process
+or the onfiguration proess of s/art line .oard" see Configuration Guide (Packet Transport
Domain)7
Configuration Proess for the &,H or pa9et &er0ies
#+&"+* Con6urin Services on a Smart 5ine )oard
This setion desri.es how to onfigure ser0ies on a s/art line .oard!
#+&"+*+# Con6urin ;D. Inter8aces
&et attri.utes for C,4 interfaes on a s/art line .oard!
PrereBuisites
The s/art line .oard has .een installed and its logial .oard has .een reated on the
'4&!
Procedure
Step # &elet the desired s/art line .oard on the 'D D;plorer and hoose Cofiguratio > ",M
1terface fro/ Fuctio Tree!
Step % &elet C$ael fro/ the B/ Board0)ort3C$ael4 drop-down list!
Step & &elet the desired optial port fro/ the Basic Attributes ta. page" set the para/eters
aording to the ser0ie plan!
Step 0 &elet the desired optial port fro/ the Ad&aced Attributes ta. page" set the para/eters
aording to the ser0ie plan!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/! The 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
A0B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+&"+*+% Searchin 8or ;D. Trails
-fter fi.ers are onneted" there is no trail infor/ation on the 52000! Cross-onnetion or
fi.er onnetion infor/ation an .e uploaded to the 52000 and e;isting trails an .e .rowsed
and /anaged using the C,4 trails searhing funtion!
PrereBuisites
#ogial fi.er onnetions ha0e .een onfigured orretly!
Procedure
Step # $n the /ain /enu of the 52000" hoose %er&ice > ",M Trail > %earc$ for ",M Trail!
Step % In the Ad&aced %ettigs area" set 0arious proessing poliies assoiated with trail searhing!
Step & $n the lower right of the window" li9 Next to start trail searhing! Cait until the status of
the progress .ar reahes 100U!
Step 0 Cli9 Next to 0iew the found trails!
Step 2 Cli9 Next to 0iew all disrete ser0ies on the networ9!
Step 4 Chen the searhing o/pletes" li9 Fiis$!
Step * In the dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 OK!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
A03
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ollo7'up Procedure
Perfor/ the following steps to ensure that trails on the su.net are onsistent with the networ9
design!
1! $n the /ain /enu of the 52000" hoose %er&ice > ",M Trail > Maage ",M Trail!
2! $n the Basic %ettigs ta." selet the le0el of the ser0ie .eing 6ueried for !e&el!
3! Cli9 Filter All!
In Maage ",M Trail" Che9 whether the trails on the su.net .eing 6ueried are
onsistent with the networ9 design!
#+&"+*+& Con6urin Virtual Inter8aces and .appin on a
Per'N: )asis
=efore onfiguring ser0ies on a s/art line .oard" onfigure 0irtual &,H or PGT interfaes
and /apping for the .oard aording to the ser0ie plan!
PrereBuisites
'4&!
The s/art line .oard has .een applied the liense! +or details" see -pplying the #iense
for &/art #ine =oards to 'Ds ($pti% $&' (*0)!
Procedure
Step # &elet the desired s/art line .oard in 'D D;plorer and hoose Cofiguratio > 'irtual )ort
Ma--ig Maagemet fro/ Fuctio Tree!
Step % $n the New 'irtual )ort ta. page" add a 0irtual &,H or PGT interfae aording to the
ser0ie plan" and li9 Add!
Figure 2.1 -dding 0irtual &,H interfaes and /apping
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 2.2 -dding 0irtual PGT interfaes and /apping
Step & Cli9 Ma--ed O,#* and selet the desired $,59 /apping path!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for adding 0irtual interfaes and /apping
Parameters Values Remar,s
Type DTH and &,H &peifies the type of
reei0ed)trans/itted
ser0ies!
#e0el H5'&37
&T4-1B" &T4-B@
,efault 0alue7 &T4-1B
H5',27
&T4-1B
,efault 0alue7 &T4-1B
&peifies the rate of
reei0ed)trans/itted
ser0ies!
!i*age wit$ ot$er
-arameters=
only when )ort T/-e is set
to %,>!
=andwidth H5'&37
<D" 10<D" n<D
,efault 0alue7 n<D
H5',27
<D" n<D
,efault 0alue7 <D
&peifies the .andwidth of
reei0ed)trans/itted
ser0ies!
!i*age wit$ ot$er
-arameters=
to ET>!
Euantity 1 to 32
,efault 0alue7 1
NOTE
&peifies the nu/.er of
0irtual interfaes to .e
added!
Copyright Huawei
A0A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The 0alue range of this
para/eter depends on the
nu/.er of onfigured 0irtual
ports and the re/aining
a0aila.le 0irtual port
resoures!
-arameters=
Chen )ort T/-e is set to
%,>7
- /a;i/u/ of four 0irtual

interfaes are supported
if !e&el is set to %TM.
@7!

.y H5',2 and a
/a;i/u/ of 1B 0irtual
.y H5'&3 if !e&el is set
to %TM.1@!
Chen )ort T/-e is set to
ET>7
- /a;i/u/ of 1B 0irtual
.y H5',2 and a
/a;i/u/ of 32 0irtual
.y H5'&3 if
Badwidt$ is set to 9E!
- /a;i/u/ of 1B 0irtual
.y H5',2 and a
/a;i/u/ of 32 0irtual
.y H5'&3 if
Badwidt$ is set to
9E!

if Badwidt$ is set to
169E!
Port Type DTH and &,H &peifies the type of
reei0ed)trans/itted
ser0ies!
Port

DTH7 @0001 (1HDTH-1)
to @0032 (1HDTH-32)
&,H7 (1 (1H&,H-1) to
BB (1H&,H-BB)
&peifies the I, of a 0irtual
interfae!
NOTE
&,H 0irtual ports are lassified
into four groups7 (1(1H&,H-
1) to (@(1H&,H-@)"
(((1H&,H-() to (*(1H&,H-
*)" (A(1H&,H-A) to
B2(1H&,H-12)" and
B3(1H&,H-13) to BB(1H&,H-
1B)! Chen onfiguring &,H
0irtual ports" o.ser0e the
Copyright Huawei
A10
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
following re6uire/ents7
$nly the following four
&,H 0irtual ports an .e
pro0isioned with &T4-B@
ser0ies7 (1(1H&,H-1)"
(((1H&,H-()" (A(1H&,H-
A)" and B3(1H&,H-13)!
In eah group of &,H 0irtual
ports" if one port is
pro0isioned with an &T4-1B
ser0ie" the re/aining ports
annot .e pro0isioned with
&T4-B@ ser0ies! +or
e;a/ple" if an &T4-1B
ser0ie is onfigured on the
(2(1H&,H-2) port" the
re/aining three ports annot
.e pro0isioned with &T4-B@
ser0ies7 (1(1H&,H-1)"
(3(1H&,H-3) and
(@(1H&,H-@)!
Chen onfiguring &T4-1B
ser0ies for the 0irtual ports"
prefer to use the onseuti0e
ports! +or e;a/ple" to
onfigure &T4-1B ser0ies
on fi0e of the &,H 0irtual
ports" use (1(1H&,H-1)"
(2(1H&,H-2)" (3(1H&,H-
3)" (@(1H&,H-@)" and
(((1H&,H-()!
4apped $,59 The a0aila.le /apping path
is related to the type of
uni0ersal line .oard" the port
type and le0el).andwidth
that ha0e .een set!
&peifies the I, of the
physial port on whih the
$,59 /apped to a 0irtual
interfae resides!
$upied $,T59 Ti/eslots +or e;a/ple" * &peifies the nu/.er of
$,T59 ti/eslots oupied
.y the $,59 /apped to a
0irtual interfae!
!i*age wit$ ot$er
-arameters=
to ET> and the le0el of
Ma--ed O,#* is
$,5fle;!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/! The 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful!
Step 2 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ollo7'up Procedure
If the proportion .etween &,H ser0ies and PGT ser0ies on the s/art line .oard needs to .e
ad:usted" you an ad:ust the nu/.er of 0irtual interfaes as follows7
1! &elet a 0irtual interfae and li9 ,elete! In the Cofirm dialog .o; that is displayed"
li9 OK!
2! -dd new 0irtual interfaes aording to &tep 1 to &tep (!
#+&"+*+0 Con6urin Virtual Inter8aces and .appin in :nd'
to'end .ode
=efore onfiguring ser0ies on a s/art line .oard" onfigure 0irtual &,H or PGT interfaes
and /apping for the .oard aording to the ser0ie plan!
PrereBuisites
'4&!
The s/art line .oard has .een applied the liense! +or details" see -pplying the #iense
for &/art #ine =oards to 'Ds ($pti% $&' (*0)!
-n $Ch path has .een reated aording to 1!30!3!2 &earhing for C,4 Trails!
Conte9t
This onfiguration /ode applies when all 'Ds on the networ9 use s/art line .oards! It does
not apply when one seg/ent of the $Ch path uses an $T5 .oard" $T' tri.utary .oard" or
$T' line .oard as a regeneration station or &,H ross-onnetions e;ist on the networ9!
Procedure
Step # &elet %er&ice > ",M Trail > Cofigure %er&ice Ma--ig fro/ the /ain /enu!
Step % &et the su.net type to 2ig subet or C$ai subet!
Step & ,ou.le-li9 the 'D for whih ser0ie /apping needs to .e set on the /ain topology on the
right side!
Step 0 Cli9 +uer/ %er&er Trails of %egmet!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Step 2 Cli9 Trail Name in the ta.le on the left side and selet the $Ch path!
Step 4 &et %er&ice Ma--ig and Carried %er&ice!
Step * Cli9 ,etails! The details a.out ser0ie /apping are displayed in the lower right of the
window!
Step 1 Cli9 C$ael to selet the hannel for ser0ie /apping!
Step / Cli9 Cofigure! The seleted ser0ie /apping is reated .y the '4&!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
-fter ser0ie /apping has .een onfigured" $,59 ser0er layer paths are for/ed! =ased on
these paths" users an onfigure &,H ser0ie paths and pa9et ser0ie paths diretly!
#+&"+1 Related Alarms and :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and e0ents related to s/art line .oard!
Alarms
+or details" see Alarms and Performance Events Reference!
:vents
+or details" see Alarms and Performance Events Reference!
#+&# Pac,et'based linear .SP
The pa9et-.ased linear 4&P she/e is applia.le to a point-to-point physial networ9"
pro0iding 4&-layer protetion for the ser0ie .etween two points!
#+&#+# Introduction
The pa9et-.ased linear 4&P uses the 4&$H .ytes G1 and G2 to i/ple/ent auto/ati
protetion swithing and thus to protet ser0ies! The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports 171
pa9et-.ased linear 4&P!
Copyright Huawei
A13
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#D# Pac,et'based linear .SP
171 pa9et-.ased linear 4&P re6uires one wor9ing path and one protetion path! Co//on
ser0ies are trans/itted in the wor9ing path! Chen the wor9ing path .eo/es faulty" the
ser0ie in this path is swithed to the protetion path! +igure 1-2** shows the appliation of
171 pa9et-.ased linear 4&P!
The e;tra traffi an not .e trans/itted in the protetion path!
Figure 1.1 171 Pa9et-.ased linear 4&P
<or-in) pat
:rotection pat
N5 . N5 7
:rotection s%itcin)
N5 . N5 7
Co""on
ser/ice
<or-in) pat
:rotection pat
Co""on
ser/ice
Co""on
ser/ice
Co""on
ser/ice
Purpose
The pa9et-.ased linear 4&P she/e uses the 4&$H .ytes G1 and G2 to i/ple/ent
auto/ati protetion swithing one the wor9ing path fails" and thus to protet ser0ies!
#+&#+% )asic Concepts
The pa9et-.ased linear 4&P she/e uses the G1 and G2 .ytes in the 4&$H to transfer
swithing re6uests and thus to i/ple/ent auto/ati protetion swithing! ,ifferent types of
pa9et-.ased linear 4&P are a0aila.le with regard to the protetion she/e" swithing /ode"
and re0erti0e /ode!
.eanins o8 F )ytes
Ta.le 1-2** pro0ides the /eanings of G .ytes in the 4&$H!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 4eanings of G .ytes (linear 4&P)
F )yte .eanin
G1 (.its 1 to @) The four .its arry the .ridging re6uest ode! Ta.le 1-2*A
pro0ides the /eanings of the four .its!
G1 (.its ( to *) The four .its indiate the nu/.er of the ser0ie signal to whih
the .ridging re6uest orresponds! 0 represents the null signal" 1-
1@ represent nor/al ser0ie signals" and 1( represents the e;tra
ser0ie signal (applia.le only to the 17' /ode)!
G2 (.its 1 to @) The four .its arry the nu/.er of the ser0ie signal that .ridges
the loal end and the path! The 0alue range of the four .its is
the sa/e as the four .its (.its ( to *) of G1!
G2 (.it () This .it indiates the protetion /ode! 1 represents the 171
/ode!
G2 (.its B to *) The three .its indiate the status! 000 represents the idle state"
111 represents the 4&--I& state" and 110 represents the 4&-
2,I state!
Table 1.2 =ridging re6uest ode
F# $bits # to bit 0( .eanin
1111 #o9out of protetion path
1110 +ored swithing
1101 +ailure of the high-priority signal
1100 +ailure of the low-priority signal
1011 ,egradation of the high-priority signal
1010 ,egradation of the low-priority signal
1001 5nused
1000 4anual swithing
0111 5nused
0110 CT2
0101 5nused
0100 D;erise swithing
0011 5nused
0010 2e0erse re6uest
0001 'on-re0erti0e
0000 'o re6uest
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
- re0erse re6uest assu/es the priority of the .ridging re6uest to whih it responds!
Protection Type
Cith regard to the protetion she/e" pa9et-.ased linear 4&P is a0aila.le in the following
types7 1L1 pa9et-.ased linear 4&P and 171 pa9et-.ased linear 4&P! The $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent supports 171 pa9et-.ased linear 4&P!
171 pa9et-.ased linear 4&P
171 pa9et-.ased linear 4&P re6uires one wor9ing path and one protetion path!
Co//on ser0ies are trans/itted in the wor9ing path! Chen the wor9ing path .eo/es
faulty" the ser0ie in this path is swithed to the protetion path!
Cith regard to the swithing /ode" pa9et-.ased linear 4&P is a0aila.le in the following
types7 single-ended swithing and dual-ended swithing! The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports
dual-ended swithing!
Chen one end detets a fault" protetion swithing ours at the faulty end only" and the
other end re/ains the sa/e!
,ual-ended swithing
Chen one end detets a fault" protetion swithing ours at .oth ends at the sa/e ti/e"
no /atter whether the other end is faulty!
Cith regard to the re0erti0e /ode" pa9et-.ased linear 4&P is a0aila.le in the following
types7 re0erti0e /ode and non-re0erti0e /ode! The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports re0erti0e
/ode!
2e0erti0e /ode
Chen an 'D is in the swithing state" the 'D releases the swithing and returns to the
nor/al state if the wor9ing path is restored to nor/al and this state lasts for a ertain
period! The period after the wor9ing path is restored to nor/al and .efore the 'D
releases the swithing is alled the CT2 ti/e! To pre0ent fre6uent swithing e0ents due
to the unsta.le wor9ing path" it is reo//ended that you set the CT2! In re0erti0e
/ode" the wor9ing path is restored to nor/al within the CT2 ti/e and the ser0ie is
swithed fro/ the protetion path .a9 to the wor9ing path!
'on-re0erti0e /ode
Chen an 'D is in the swithing state" the 'D re/ains the urrent state unhanged e0en if
the wor9ing path is restored to nor/al" and the ser0ie is not swithed fro/ the
protetion path .a9 to the wor9ing path!
5inear .SP S7itchin State
S7itc
hin
State
Description Channel
)earin
Services
+ore to
&tand.y
+ores the ser0ie to swith fro/ the wor9ing hannel to the
protetion hannel! This swithing is perfor/ed regardless of
the protetion hannel state" unless the protetion hannel is
satisfying a higher priority .ridging re6uest!
Protetion
hannel
Copyright Huawei
A1B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
S7itc
hin
State
Description Channel
)earin
Services
+ore to
-ti0e
&withes the ser0ies fro/ the protetion hannel to the
wor9ing hannel if the wor9ing hannel is nor/al! 'o
swithing ours if the wor9ing hannel has an &+ ondition"
or a higher priority swithing has ourred!
Cor9ing
hannel
&with
upon
&ignal
+ailure
Indiates that ser0ie is swithed to the protetion hannel
when the &+ ondition is generated in the wor9ing hannel
and the protetion hannel has no higher priority swithing
re6uest!
Protetion
hannel
&ignal
+ail-
Proteti
on
&withes the ser0ie .a9 to the wor9ing hannel" when the
signal failure (&+) ondition is generated in the protetion
hannel and the wor9ing hannel has no higher priority
swithing re6uest!
Cor9ing
hannel
&with
upon
&ignal
,egrada
tion
Indiates that ser0ies are swithed to the protetion hannel
when the &, ondition is generated in the wor9ing hannel
and the protetion hannel has no higher priority swithing
re6uest!
Protetion
hannel
&ignal
,egrade
-
Proteti
on
&withes the ser0ie .a9 to the wor9ing hannel" when the
signal degrade (&,) ondition is generated in the protetion
hannel and the wor9ing hannel has no higher priority
swithing re6uest!
Cor9ing
hannel
4anual
to
&tand.y
&withes the ser0ies fro/ the wor9ing hannel to the
protetion hannel if the protetion hannel is nor/al! 'o
swithing ours if the protetion hannel has an &+
ondition" or a higher priority swithing has ourred!
Protetion
hannel
4anual
to
-ti0e
&withes the ser0ies fro/ the protetion hannel to the
wor9ing hannel if the wor9ing hannel is nor/al! 'o
swithing ours if the wor9ing hannel has an &+ ondition"
or a higher priority swithing has ourred!
Cor9ing
hannel
Cait-To-
2estore
&withes the ser0ie .a9 to the wor9ing hannel within the
wait-to-restore (CT2) ti/e" when the &, or &+ ondition in
the wor9ing hannel lears!
Protetion
hannel
D;erise &i/ulates a protetion swithing" .ut no real swithing is
arried out! The o//and is issued and the /ultiple; setion
protetion funtion of the networ9 is tested without affeting
the ser0ie!
Cor9ing
hannel
Idle Indiates that ser0ies are wor9ing in the wor9ing hannel"
and .oth the wor9ing and protetion hannels are nor/al!
Cor9ing
hannel
5n9now
n
Indiates that the swithing status is un9nown! Oou an learn
a.out the urrent status .y 6uerying it!
-
#o9out Indiates that ser0ies are lo9ed in the wor9ing hannel and
no protetion swithing an .e perfor/ed!
Cor9ing
hannel
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+&#+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the apaity of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent for supporting pa9et-.ased
linear 4&P speifiations!
Ta.le 1-2A0 pro0ides speifiations assoiated with pa9et-.ased linear 4&P!
Table 1.1 &peifiations assoiated with pa9et-.ased linear 4&P
Item Speci6cations
&upport apa.ility

$pti% $&' (007 @
$pti% $&' ((07 *

Protetion Type 171 dual-ended swithing
2e0erti0e Type 2e0erti0e
CT2 Ti/e 2e0erti0e7 B s to 320 s" B00 s .y default!
&withing Protool -P& protool
&withing Ti/e W (0 /s
Hold-$ff Ti/e 0 s to 10 s (0 s .y default)
&withing Condition
(-ny of the +ollowing
onditions Triggers the
&withing!)
2H#$&
2H#$+
4&H-I&
=2HD%C
=2H&, (optional)
+ored swithing
4anual swithing
D;erise swithing
Clear swithing
#o9out swithing
#+&#+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that pa9et-.ased linear 4&P o/plies with!
Pa9et-.ased linear 4&P o/plies with the following standards and protools7
IT5-T <!*@17 Types and harateristis of &,H networ9 protetion arhitetures
IT5-T <!*@27 Cooperation of the &,H networ9 protetion struture
#+&#+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the produts and .oards that support linear 4&P on the pa9et plane!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Version Support
Product Version
$pti% $&' (00)((0 1100200BC01 and later
!ard7are Support
#+&#+4 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for linear 4&P on the pa9et plane at
the networ9 design phase!
5imitation
Remar,s
supports only 171 linear 4&P on
the pa9et plane!
')-
'o e;tra traffi an .e trans/itted
in the protetion path in a 171
linear 4&P group on the pa9et
plane!
')-
If a port on the CE1 .oard is
ena.led with the in.and ,C'
funtion" it annot funtion as the
protetion port in a pa9et linear
4&P group! That is" if a port is the
protetion port in a pa9et linear
4&P group" it annot .e ena.led
with the in.and ,C' funtion!
')-
#+&#+* Principles
Pa9et-.ased linear 4&P uses the G1 and G2 .ytes in the 4&$H of an &,H fra/e to trans/it
the protool infor/ation and thus to ontrol the reei0e and trans/it trails of the ser0ie! In
this /anner" pa9et-.ased linear 4&P pro0ides protetion for the 4&-layer ser0ie!
Pa9et-.ased linear 4&P is generally triggered .y the following onditions7
+ault on a .oard7 fault on a 9ey .oard (for e;a/ple" power-off or offline of a line .oard)
Copyright Huawei
A1A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&ignal fail (&+)7 2H#$&" 2H#$+" 4&H-I&" =2HD%C
&ignal degrade (&,)7 =2H&,
-ny of the preeding onditions an trigger the pa9et-.ased linear 4&P swithing! This topi /ainly
onsiders the fault in the protetion path as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to trigger the pa9et-.ased linear
4&P swithing!
#D# Pac,et'based linear .SP
Chen the signal in the wor9ing path fails" the swithing of 171 pa9et-.ased linear 4&P is
i/ple/ented as follows7
1! =efore the swithing" the soure end and the sin9 end send and reei0e nor/al ser0ie
signals in the wor9ing path" and an not send and reei0e e;tra ser0ie signals in the
protetion path!
2! Chen deteting that the signal in the wor9ing path fails" the sin9 end in a ertain
diretion ('D -) sends the G .ytes to the soure end ('D =) through a path .etween 'D
- and 'D = (the re6uest type is ?signal fail?)!
3! 'D = .ridges the nor/al ser0ie signals into the protetion path and sends the G .ytes to
'D - through a path .etween 'D - and 'D = (the re6uest type is ?re0erse re6uest?)!
@! 'D - reei0es nor/al ser0ie signals fro/ the protetion path and .ridges the nor/al
ser0ie signals into the protetion path!
(! 'D = reei0es the nor/al ser0ie signals fro/ the protetion path!
Figure 1.1 2eali8ation priniple of 171 Pa9et-.ased linear 4&P (.efore the swithing)
N5 7 N5 .
Co""on ser/ice
<or-in)
pat
:rotection
pat
<or-in)
pat
:rotection
pat
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.2 2eali8ation priniple of 171 Pa9et-.ased linear 4&P (after the swithing)
N5 7 N5 .
Co""on ser/ice
<or-in)
pat
:rotection
pat
<or-in)
pat
:rotection
pat
#+&#+1 Creatin Pac,et')ased 5inear .SP
To protet the ser0ies trans/itted on a point-to-point hain networ9" reate pa9et-.ased
linear 4&P on the pa9et plane!
PrereBuisites
&er0ies /ust not .e onfigured on the port where the protetion hannel e;ists!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree and then hoose Cofiguratio >
)ac*et Cofiguratio > )ac*et.Based !iear M% fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 Create! The syste/ displays the Create a !iear Multi-lex %ectio dialog .o;!
Step & &et the attri.utes of the linear 4&P group!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
Step 2 &elet the reated protetion group and li9 %tart )rotocol! Then" the protetion group ta9es
effet!
Step 4 O-tioal= &elet the reated protetion group and li9 %to- )rotocol! Then" the protetion
protool stops!
The -P& protool triggers protetion swithing when a fault ours only after the -P& protool is
started! -fter you li9 %to- )rotocol" the -P& protool annot trigger protetion swithing when a fault
ours .eause the -P& protool is not started!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
4odifiation of the para/eters of pa9et-.ased linear 4&P
Copyright Huawei
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4odifiation of the para/eters of a pa9et-.ased linear 4&P protetion group does not
affet the arried ser0ies! The /odified para/eters ta9e effet only in the ase of
protetion swithing!
,eletion of a pa9et-.ased linear 4&P protetion group
=efore deleting a pa9et-.ased linear 4&P protetion group" he9 whether the ser0ie is
trans/itted on the wor9ing hannel! If the ser0ie is trans/itted on the protetion
hannel" swith the ser0ie to the wor9ing hannel and then delete the pa9et-.ased
linear 4&P protetion group!
-fter a pa9et-.ased linear 4&P protetion group is deleted" the arried ser0ies are not
proteted and therefore are affeted!
#+&#+/ Veri8yin Pac,et')ased 5inear .SP
-fter a networ9 is onfigured with Pa9et-=ased linear 4&P" ser0ies in the wor9ing path of
the Pa9et-=ased linear 4&P group an .e proteted!
PrereBuisites
The Pa9et-=ased linear 4&P /ust .e reated and onfigured on the 52000!
52000
Procedure
Step # Che9 the swithing status of the Pa9et-=ased #inear 4&P protetion group under test!
1! $n the 4ain Topology of the 52000" right-li9 the 'D onfigured with Pa9et-=ased
#inear 4&P! Choose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the shortut /enu to display the NE Ex-lorer
window!
2! In the +untion Tree of NE Ex-lorer" hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio >
)ac*et.based !iear M%!
3! Cli9 +uer/ and hoose +uer/ )rotectio 9rou- fro/ the shortut /enu to refresh the
onfiguration of protetion groups on the 'D!
@! Cli9 +uer/ and hoose +uer/ %witc$ig %tatus fro/ the shortut /enu! Then" he9
"est %witc$ig %tatus of the wor9ing and protetion units in the protetion group under
test! "est %witc$ig %tatus of .oth units should .e 1dle!
Step % ,isa.le the wor9ing port of the #4&P protetion group under test!
1! In NE Ex-lorer" selet the .oard onfigured with the #4&P protetion and hoose
Cofiguratio > )ac*et Cofiguratio > 1terface Maagemet > %,> 1terface
2! $n the 9eeral Attributes ta." selet the wor9ing port in the Pa9et-=ased #inear 4&P
protetion group and set !aser 1terface Eablig %tatus to Close!
Step & Che9 the swithing status! If "est %witc$ig %tatus of either the wor9ing unit or protetion
unit is %witc$ig" it indiates a suessful swithing!
Step 0 ,isa.le the wor9ing port of the Pa9et-=ased #inear 4&P protetion group under test with
referene to &tep 2!
Copyright Huawei
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Step 2 2e0ert the ser0ies to the wor9ing tunnel of the #4&P protetion group!
If 2e&erti&e Mode of the Pa9et-=ased #inear 4&P protetion group is set to
2e&erti&e" the ser0ies are re0erted to the wor9ing tunnel when "T2 e;pires!
If 2e&erti&e Mode of the Pa9et-=ased #inear 4&P protetion group is set to No.
2e&erti&e" selet the protetion group and li9 the 1ter.Board Ma--ig 2elatio ta."
right-li9 )rotectio #it in )rotectio #it" and hoose Maual %witc$ig to
"or*ig fro/ the shortut /enu!
....Ed
#+&#+#" Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure pa9et-.ased linear 4&P and
pro0ides the appliation senarios of linear 4&P!
#+&#+#"+# :9ample Description
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure pa9et-.ased linear 4&P!
-s shown in +igure 1-2A1" an uplin9 hanneli8ed &T4-1 port on a Huawei $pti% 2T'
de0ie needs to interonnet with an $pti% $&' de0ie! &er0ies need to .e proteted against
faults!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing appliation of pa9et-.ased linear 4&P
N51
+SN
Canne(i8e! S'>-1
Ser/ices
B-CF1-2
B-CF1-1
Solution
Configure the CE1 .oard on 'D1 to reei0e and trans/it hanneli8ed &T4-1 CD& ser0ies
and deploy 171 pa9et-.ased linear 4&P on the 2T' and $&' de0ies!
+or details on how to onfigure linear 4&P on other 0endorJs /irowa0e de0ies" see their respeti0e
dou/ents!
Service Plannin
Parameter Value
Protetion Type 17' Protetion
&withing 4ode ,ual-Dnded &withing
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Parameter Value
CT2 Ti/e(s) B00
&, &withing Dna.led
Protool Type 'ew Protool
&,)&+ P2I &withing Tag High Priority
&withing 4ode Indiation Indiated
&elet 4apping &ettings Cest Cor9ing 5nit
Cest Protetion 5nit
4apped =oards Cest Cor9ing 5nit7@-CE1-1(&,H-1)
Cest Protetion 5nit7@-CE1-2(&,H-2)
#+&#+#"+% Con6uration Process
PrereBuisites
171 pa9et linear 4&P has .een onfigured on third-party /irowa0e e6uip/ent!
Procedure
Step # 1!31!* Creating Pa9et-=ased #inear 4&P
Parameter Value
Protetion Type 17' Protetion
&withing 4ode ,ual-Dnded &withing
CT2 Ti/e(s) B00
&, &withing Dna.led
Protool Type 'ew Protool
&,)&+ P2I &withing Tag High Priority
&withing 4ode Indiation Indiated
&elet 4apping &ettings Cest Cor9ing 5nit
Cest Protetion 5nit
4apped =oards Cest Cor9ing 5nit7@-CE1-1(&,H-1)
Cest Protetion 5nit7@-CE1-2(&,H-2)
Copyright Huawei
A2@
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....Ed
#+&#+## Related Alarms and :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are related to pa9et-.ased
linear 4&P!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
=2HD%C The =2HD%C alar/ indiates that the nu/.er of /ultiple; setion =2
.it errors in signals reei0ed .y the line .oard rosses the threshold!
=2H&, The =2H&, alar/ indiates that /ultiple; setion =2 signals reei0ed
.y the line .oard are degraded!
CD&H-P&H4-'
5-#H&T$P
The CD&H-P&H4-'5-#H&T$P is an alar/ indiating that the CD&
4&P protool is /anually stopped! This alar/ is reported when the
CD& 4&P protool is /anually stopped!
CD&H-P&HI',I The CD&H-P&HI',I is an alar/ indiating the 4&P state of the CD&
ser0ie! This alar/ is reported when the 4&P onfigured for the CD&
ser0ie is in the swithing state!
CD&HG1HG2H4 The CD&HG1HG2H4 is an alar/ indiating the /is/ath .etween the
G1 .yte and the G2 .yte! This alar/ is reported when the path
nu/.ers indiated in the trans/itted G1 .yte and the reei0ed G2 .yte
are inonsistent and the inonsisteny lasts for a period of ti/e (1B0
/s .y default)!
CD&HG2H4 The CD&HG2H4 is an alar/ indiating that a /is/athed G2 .yte is
deteted! Chen the protetion she/e used at the opposite end" whih
is indiated .y .it ( of the reei0ed G2 .yte" is different fro/ the
protetion she/e used at the loal end for a period (2s .y default)" the
CD&HG2H4 alar/ is reported!
4&H-I& The 4&H-I& alar/ indiates that the last three .its of the G2 .yte in
the signals reei0ed .y the line .oard are all 1!
4&H2,I The 4&H2,I alar/ indiates a re/ote /ultiple; setion reei0ing
failure!
4&H2DI The 4&H2DI alar/ indiates that the 41 .yte in signals reei0ed .y
the line .oard indiates re/ote /ultiple; setion .it errors!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to pa9et-.ased linear 4&P!
Copyright Huawei
A2(
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#+&#+#% Parameters 8or Con6urin a 5inear .SP
Protection Group on the Pac,et Plane
This setion desri.es the para/eters that are used for onfiguring a linear 4&P protetion
group on the pa9et plane!
Table 1.1 Para/eters on the protetion group interfae
-ield
Value
Rane Description
Protetion
Type
17'
Protetion
&peifies the protetion type of the linear 4&P protetion
'alue descri-tio
17' linear 4&P re6uires ' wor9ing hannels and one
protetion hannel! Co//on ser0ies are trans/itted on
the wor9ing hannels" and e;tra traffi is trans/itted on the
protetion hannel! Chen a wor9ing hannel .eo/es
faulty" the ser0ie on the hannel is swithed to the
protetion hannel! -s a result" the e;tra traffi on the
protetion hannel is interrupted!
2ecommedatios
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only 171 linear 4&P"
and does not support trans/ission of e;tra traffi on
protetion hannels!
&withing
4ode
,ual-Dnded
&withing
&peifies the swithing /ode of the linear 4&P protetion
'alue descri-tio
In dual-ended swithing /ode" if a fault is deteted at one
end" the swithing ours at the loal end" and the opposite
end is instruted to perfor/ the swithing ation!
2ecommedatios
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only dual-ended
swithing!
2e0erti0e
4ode
2e0erti0e"
'on-
2e0erti0e
,efault7
2e0erti0e
&peifies the re0ersion /ode of the linear 4&P protetion
'alue descri-tio
In 2e0erti0e /ode" after the wor9ing hannel reo0ers"

ser0ies on the protetion hannel are auto/atially
swithed .a9 to the wor9ing hannel after the preset
CT2 ti/e elapses!
In 'on-2e0erti0e /ode" ser0ies on the protetion

hannel are not auto/atially swithed .a9 to the
wor9ing hannel e0en after the wor9ing hannel
reo0ers!
CT2 Ti/e
(s)
B to 320
,efault7 B00
&peifies the CT2 ti/e for the linear 4&P protetion
&, Dna.led" &peifies whether a signal degrade (&,) ondition triggers
Copyright Huawei
A2B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield
Value
Rane Description
&withing ,isa.led
,efault7
Dna.led
a linear 4&P switho0er on the pa9et plane!
Protool
Type
'ew
Protool"
2estruture
Protool
,efault7 'ew
Protool
&peifies the protool used .y the linear 4&P protetion
'alue descri-tio
New )rotocol7 is supported in earlier produt 0ersions

and is the /ainstrea/ protool used urrently!
2estructure )rotocol7 is an opti/i8ation of the new

protool and pro0ides .etter /easures to protet the
protool" therefore ensuring that the protool runs /ore
sta.ly!
&,)&+ P2I
&withing
Tag
High priority"
#ow priority
,efault7 High
priority
&peifies whether an &,)&+ ondition is a high-priority or
low-priority swithing ondition!
&withing
4ode
Indiation
Indiated" 'ot
indiated
,efault7
Indiated
&peifies whether to indiate the swithing /ode of the
linear 4&P protetion group on the pa9et plane!
&elet
4apping
,iretion
Cest Cor9ing
5nit" Cest
Protetion
5nit
,efault7 Cest
Cor9ing 5nit
&peifies the /apping diretion of the linear 4&P
protetion group on the pa9et plane!
4apped
=oards
+or e;a/ple"
Cest Cor9ing
5nit7@-CE1-
1(&,H-1)
&peifies the /apped .oards of the linear 4&P protetion
Protetion
<roup I,
+or e;a/ple"
1
&peifies the I, of the linear 4&P protetion group on the
pa9et plane!
'alue descri-tio
The I, is the only indiation of the linear 4&P protetion
group on the pa9et plane" so it /ust .e glo.ally uni6ue!
Hold-off
Ti/e (100
/s)
0 to 100
,efault7 0
&peifies the hold-off ti/e for the linear 4&P protetion
'alue descri-tio
This para/eter speifies the ti/e .etween fault detetion
and swithing i/ple/entation!
Protool
&tatus
+or e;a/ple"
&withing
&peifies the protool status of the linear 4&P protetion
Copyright Huawei
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-ield
Value
Rane Description
&tatus
-ti0ation
&tatus
Inati0e"
-ti0e
,efault7
Inati0e
&peifies whether the linear 4&P protetion group on the
pa9et plane is ati0ated!
Table 1.2
Cor9ing 5nit Cor9ing 5nit" Protetion
5nit
,isplays whether the unit is
a wor9ing unit or a
protetion unit!
5nit 'a/e-Cest +or e;a/ple" @-CE1-
1(P$2T-1)
,isplays the west protetion
unit and west wor9ing unit
of the linear 4&P protetion
&withing &tatus-Cest 5n9nown" -lready &tarted"
=eing &tarted" 5nstarted
,isplays the swithing status
of the west line!
Proteted 5nit 5n9nown" +ore to &tand.y"
4anual to &tand.y"
D;erise" &with upon
signal degradation" &with
upon signal failure"
#o9out" 'on-2e0erti0e
2e6uest" +ore to -ti0e"
4anual to -ti0e" &ignal
+ail-Protetion" &ignal
,egrade-Protetion" Cait-
To-2estore" Cait-To-&with"
Idle" &withing" 'ot #o9ed
out" 'on-2e0erti0e
&withing
,isplays the status of the
protool!
2e/ote Dnd)#oal Dnd 2e/ote Dnd" #oal Dnd ,isplays whether the loal
end or the re/ote end
deli0ers the swithing
o//and!
2ecommedatios
This para/eter ta9es effet
only when %witc$ig Mode
is set to ,ual.Eded
%witc$ig!
Copyright Huawei
A2*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
#+&% Port .irrorin
#+&%+# Introduction
+or the e;isting o/ple; networ9s" $pti% $&' e6uip/ent has already pro0ided 0arious
effeti0e fault diagnosis /ethods! Howe0er" the /ethods re6uire path o0erheads or e0en
interrupt ser0ie! Therefore" a fast fault diagnosis /ethod that does not affet ser0ies is
urgently re6uired! Port /irroring effeti0ely addresses this re6uire/ent!
Port /irroring has the following features7
Port /irroring applies to online fault diagnosis! It repliates the traffi at one port to
another port" and then an analy8er is used to loate faults!
-fter port /irroring is used" traffi an .e /onitored in real ti/e using an analy8er!
-s shown in +igure 1-2A2" a port on 'D1 is the /irror soure port and another port on 'D1 is
the /irror destination port! 'D1 repliates the traffi at the /irror soure port to the /irror
destination port! -n analy8er is used to analy8e the traffi or to /onitor the traffi in real ti/e
without affeting the ser0ies!
Figure 1.1 Typial networ9ing for port /irroring

RNC

No!e7

N52

Nor"a( Ser/ice

>irror Ser/ice

N53
.na(#st
N51
@>onitore!/>onitorA
>irror Source
Function :oint
>irror
O$ser/ation :oint
#+&%+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with port /irroring!
Copyright Huawei
A2A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
.irrorin Granularities
4irroring is lassified into port /irroring and ser0ie /irroring!
Port /irroring
The entire physial port is /irrored!
&er0ie 4irroring
$nly 1#-'-tagged ser0ies at a logial port are /irrored!
.irror Type
#oal port /irroring
In loal port /irroring" the traffi at a port of an 'D is repliated to another port of the 'D!
The /irror destination port trans/its the traffi to a diretly-onneted analy8er for analysis
and /onitoring!
.irror Types Classi6ed by Port Type
Port /irroring is ategori8ed into egress port /irroring and ingress port /irroring!
Ingress port /irroring
The traffi reei0ed .y the /irror soure port is repliated to the /irror destination port!
Ingress ports are generally alled 5'Is! $nly #ayer 2 port attri.utes an .e set for 5'Is!
Dgress port /irroring
The traffi trans/itted .y the /irror soure port is repliated to the /irror destination
port! Dgress ports are generally alled ''Is! $nly #ayer 3 port attri.utes an .e set for
''Is!
#+&%+& Speci6cations
This setion pro0ides the speifiations of port /irroring supported .y $pti% $&' produts!
Item Speci6cations
5'I Ingress &upported
Dgress &upported
''I Ingress &upported
Dgress $pti% $&' (007 'ot supported
$pti% $&' ((07 'ot supported
$pti% $&' (*07 &upported
PortL1#-'
/irroring
Ingress $pti% $&' (007 &upported
Dgress 'o &upported
'u/.er of port /irroring @ ($ne .oard an only .e onfigured with one
soure port and one sin9 port!)
'u/.er of ser0ie /irroring 1
Copyright Huawei
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Item Speci6cations
#+&%+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
There is no standard or protool that port /irroring o/plies with!
#+&%+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the produts and .oards that support port /irroring!
Version Support
Product Version
$pti% $&' (00)((0 1100200BC01 and later
Product Version
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
C&H, 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' (00
D+*+ 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' (00)((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
Copyright Huawei
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#+&%+4 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for port /irroring at the networ9
design phase" the onfiguration and o//issioning phase" and the /aintenane phase!
5imitation
Remar,s
supports only loal port /irroring!
')-
$ne /irror ser0ie ontains one
/irror soure port and one /irror
destination port!
$nly one /irror ser0ie an .e
onfigured in one diretion of one
/irror soure port!
$ne /irror destination port annot
.e in /ore than one /irror ser0ie!
')-
4ain ports and sla0e ports of
#-<s an funtion as /irror
soure ports" .ut annot funtion as
/irror destination ports!
')-
5ndersi8ed pa9ets" o0ersi8ed
pa9ets" and +C& error pa9ets
annot .e analy8ed using the
/irroring funtion!
')-
5imitation
Remar,s
Dntire feature &er0ies annot .e onfigured for
/irror destination ports!
')-
- /a;i/u/ of four /irror ser0ies
an .e onfigured for an 'D!
')-
Port /irroring an .e onfigured
.etween ports of different rates!
It is reo//ended that the rate of
the destination port should .e the
sa/e as that of the /irror soure
port!
')-
Port /irroring an .e onfigured
.etween ports on different .oards!
')-
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation
Remar,s
Dntire feature &etting the port attri.ute and tag
attri.ute for a /irror destination
port does not affet the ser0ie
/onitoring and proessing
perfor/ed .y an analy8er!
')-
#+&%+* Principles
4irroring inludes port /irroring and ser0ie /irroring! This setion desri.es the
i/ple/entation of .oth /ehanis/s!
Port .irrorin
The following desri.es the i/ple/entation of port /irroring on ingress ports and egress
ports!
-s shown in +igure 1-2A3" 'D1 reei0es ser0ies fro/ the 'ode= through Port 1 and
trans/its the ser0ies through Port 2! &et Port 1 or Port 2 as the /irror soure port and set
Port 3 as the /irror destination port!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0

N52

N53
N>S
0ser .
0ser 7

Nor"a( Ser/ice

>irror Ser/ice

.na(#st
N51
@>onitore!/>onitorA
>irror Source
Function :oint
>irror
O$ser/ation :oint
:ort1
:ort2
:ort3
In the ingress diretion of 'D1 when Port 1 is the /irror soure7
1! 'D1 repliates all the ingress traffi at Port 1 (the /irror soure port) to Port 3 (the
/irror destination port)!
2! 'or/al ser0ies are trans/itted fro/ 'D1 to 'D3 and then to the 2'C! The repliated
ingress /irror ser0ies are trans/itted fro/ 'D1 to the analy8er!
3! The analy8er /onitors and analy8es the /irror ser0ies to /onitor and analy8e nor/al
ser0ies in the ingress diretion!
In the egress diretion of 'D1 when Port 2 is the /irror soure7
1! 'D1 repliates all the egress traffi at Port 2 (the /irror soure port) to Port 3 (the /irror
destination port)!
egress /irror ser0ies are trans/itted fro/ 'D1 to the analy8er!
ser0ies in the egress diretion!
-lo7 .irrorin
,ifferent fro/ port /irroring that repliates and /onitors all the ser0ies at a port" ser0ie
/irroring repliates and /onitors a speifi 1#-'-.ased ser0ie at a port" failitating fault
loating!
This part desri.es the i/ple/entation of ser0ie /irroring on ingress ports!
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-s shown in +igure 1-2A@" there are 0oie ser0ies and data ser0ies fro/ the 'ode=! 1oie
ser0ies and data ser0ies arry the 1#-' I,s 100 and 200 respeti0ely! =oth ser0ies enter
'D1 through Port 1 and lea0e 'D1 through Port 2! 1oie ser0ies are /onitored using Port 3!
Figure 1.1 Typial networ9ing for ser0ie /irroring

RNC
No!e7

N52

N53
:ort1
:ort2
:ort3
Voice Ser/ices V,.NC100
Data Ser/ices V,.NC200
Nor"a( Ser/ice
>irror Ser/ice
.na(#st
N51
@>onitore!/>onitorA
>irror Source
Function :oint
>irror
O$ser/ation :oint
Voice Ser/ices V,.NC100
1! 'D1 repliates 0oie ser0ies arrying the 1#-' I, 100 at Port 1 to Port 3 (the /irror
destination port)!
2! 'or/al 0oie and data ser0ies are trans/itted fro/ 'D1 to 'D3 and then to the 2'C!
The repliated 0oie ser0ies are trans/itted fro/ 'D1 to the analy8er!
0oie ser0ies in the ingress diretion!
#+&%+1 Con6urin 5ocal .irror Service
This topi desri.es the onfiguration proedures for onfiguring loal /irror ser0ie!
PrereBuisites
The o.ser0ation port /ust .e e;lusi0e (annot .e oupied .y other ser0ies)!
The /irror soure funtion point is not used as other soure ports or o.ser0ation ports!
Procedure
Step # $n the 4ain Topology" right-li9 an 'D ion and hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the shortut
/enu!
Step % &elet the desired 'D fro/ NE Ex-lorer and hoose Cofiguratio > )ac*et
Cofiguratio > Mirror Maagemet > )ort Mirror!
Step & Cli9 New > New !ocal Mirror %er&ice" the New !ocal Mirror %er&ice dialog .o; is
displayed!
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Step 0 &et the rele0ant para/eters of the loal /irror ser0ie!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/! - dialog .o; is displayed indiating that the operation is suessful! Cli9
Close!
....Ed
#+&%+/ Con6uration :9ample
This setion desri.es how to onfigure port /irroring!
#+&%+/+# :9ample Description
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the port /irroring funtion!
-s shown in +igure 1-2A(" a ser0ie is onfigured .etween the 'ode= and the 2'C! &er0ie
analysis needs to .e onduted without affeting the ser0ie!
Figure 1.1 Typial networ9ing appliation of port /irroring

RNC

No!e7

N52

Nor"a( Ser/ice

>irror Ser/ice

N53
.na(#st
N51
@>onitore!/>onitorA
>irror Source
Function :oint
>irror
O$ser/ation :oint
:ort1
:ort2
Solution
Configure a loal /irror ser0ie on 'D1 so that all pa9ets that o/e fro/ the 'ode= to the
listened port on 'D1 and /eet speifi re6uire/ents are /irrored" and then forwarded
through the /irror listener port on 'D1 to the analy8er! In this /anner" pa9ets are aptured
and analy8ed without affeting the ser0ie! Port 1 is the listened port and Port 2 is the /irror
listener port!
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Service Plannin
&er0ie planning infor/ation inludes loal /irror ser0ie para/eter infor/ation!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for the loal /irror ser0ie
Parameter Value
4irror I, 1
4irror 'a/e 1
4irror &oure -ppliation Point Type Port
,iretion of 4irror &oure +untion Point Ingress
4irror &oure +untion Point @-D4BT-1(P$2T-1)
4irror $.ser0ation Point @-D4BT-2(P$2T-2)
#+&%+/+% Con6uration Process
PrereBuisites
&er0ie onfigurations ha0e .een o/pleted on the 'ode= and 2'C!
Procedure
Step # 1!32!* Configuring #oal 4irror &er0ie
Table 1.1 Para/eters for the loal /irror ser0ie
Parameter Value
4irror I, 1
4irror 'a/e 1
4irror &oure -ppliation Point Type Port
,iretion of 4irror &oure +untion Point Ingress
4irror &oure +untion Point @-D4BT-1(P$2T-1)
4irror $.ser0ation Point @-D4BT-2(P$2T-2)
....Ed
#+&%+#" Related Alarms and :vents
There are no alar/s or perfor/ane e0ents rele0ant to port /irroring!
Copyright Huawei
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#+&%+## Parameters 8or Con6urin a Port .irrorin
:ntry
This setion desri.es the para/eters that are used for onfiguring a port /irroring entry!
-ield
Value
Rane Description
4irror I, 1 to
@2A@AB32A(
&peifies the I, of the port /irroring entry!
4irror
'a/e
+or e;a/ple"
1
&peifies the na/e of the port /irroring entry!
4irror
&oure
-ppliation
Point Type
Port" 1-5'I
,efault7 Port
&peifies whether all or so/e ser0ies at a port are
/irrored!
'alue descri-tio
)ort7 -ll ser0ies at the port are /irrored!
'.#N17 &o/e ser0ies at the port are /irrored!

,iretion of
4irror
&oure
+untion
Point
Ingress"
Dgress
,efault7
Ingress
&peifies whether all ino/ing or outgoing ser0ies at the
port are /irrored!
'alue descri-tio
1gress7 -ll ino/ing ser0ies at the port are /irrored!
Egress7 -ll outgoing ser0ies at the port are /irrored!

4irror
&oure
+untion
Point
+or e;a/ple"
@-D4BT-
1(P$2T-1)
&peifies the /irror soure!
4irror
$.ser0ation
Point
+or e;a/ple"
@-D4BT-
2(P$2T-2)
&peifies the point where /irrored ser0ies are he9ed!
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+eature ,esription 2 T,4 +eatures
% TD. -eatures
About This Chapter
This hapter desri.es the T,4 features supported .y the e6uip/ent!
2!1 DTH-$-4
2!2 I<4P &nooping
2!3 #-<
aggregated together to for/ a lin9 aggregation group (#-<) so that the .andwidth inreases
and the relia.ility of the lin9s is i/pro0ed!
2!@ ,#-<
The distri.uted lin9 aggregation group (,#-<) is a .oard-le0el port protetion tehnology
used to detet unidiretional fi.er uts and to negotiate with the opposite end! In the ase of a
lin9 down failure on a port or a hardware failure on a .oard" the ser0ies an auto/atially .e
swithed to the sla0e .oard" thus reali8ing 1L1 protetion for the inter-.oard ports!
2!( #C-&
The #C-& funtion an .e used to dyna/ially ad:ust the .andwidth and protet 0irtual
onatenation" where.y /a9ing the networ9 /ore ro.ust and fle;i.le!
2!B #PT
-s a protetion she/e .ased on the lin9" the #PT passes through states of the point-to-point
lin9 and point-to-/ultipoint lin9! In this way" the #PT /a9es sure the networ9 le0el protetion
for the trans/ission of point-to-point pri0ate line ser0ies and for the trans/ission of the
point-to-/ultipoint on0ergene ser0ies!
2!3 #inear 4&P
Copyright Huawei
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The linear 4&P applies to the point-to-point physial networ9" pro0iding 4& protetion for
the ser0ies .etween two points!
2!* P2=&
fault loating!
2!A EinE
Through the 1#-' sta9ing and nesting tehnology" the EinE re/o0es the li/itation that
only one layer of 1#-' tags is used to identify different data pa9ets!
2!10 Eo&
The Eo& an .e used to pro0ide the dediated .andwidth" lower the pa9et loss ratio" lower
the pa9et trans/ission delay" and lower the delay :itter!
2!11 24$'
2!12 2ing 4&P
The ring 4&P she/e protets ser0ies .etween nodes on a ring networ9! The $pti% $&'
((0 supports two types of protetion ring7 two-fi.er unidiretional ring 4&P and two-fi.er
.idiretional ring 4&P!
2!13 &'CP
&u.-networ9 onnetion protetion (&'CP) protets the ser0ie that tra0erses /ore than one
su.net! &'CP is .ased on the dually-fed and seleti0ely-reei0ing /ehanis/! The su.net an
.e a hain" a ring" or a /ore o/ple; networ9!
2!1@ &TP and 2&TP
The Dthernet data .oard supports the &panning Tree Protool (&TP) that o/plies with IDDD
*02!1d and the 2apid &panning Tree Protool (2&TP) that o/plies with IDDD *02!1w!
2!1( ,ata Test +ra/e
The data test fra/e is used to test the onneti0ity status of the networ9 at the &,H side that
.ears Dthernet ser0ies!
2!1B #ayer 2 &withing
2!13 Port 4irroring
Copyright Huawei
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%+# :T!'3A.
%+#+# Introduction
DTH $-4 enhanes Dthernet #ayer 2 /aintenane funtions and it strongly supports ser0ie
ontinuity 0erifiation" ser0ie deploy/ent o//issioning" and networ9 fault loating!
De6nition
=ased on the 4-C layer" the DTH $-4 protool perfor/s $-4 operations for the Dthernet
.y trans/itting $-4 pa9ets! This protool is irrele0ant to the trans/ission /ediu/! The
$-4 pa9ets are proessed only at the 4-C layer" ha0ing no i/pat on the other layers of
the Dthernet! In addition" as a low-rate protool" the DTH $-4 protool oupies low
.andwidths! Therefore" this protool does not affet ser0ies arried on lin9s!
IT5-T and IDDD ha0e researhes on DTH $-4! Currently" Huawei Dthernet ser0ie
proessing .oards ha0e reali8ed the DTH $-4 funtion" whih o/plies with IDDD *02!1ag
and IDDD *02!3ah! Cherein" IDDD *02!1ag define Dthernet ser0ie $-4 standards" and IDDD
*02!3ah defines Dthernet port $-4 standards! -s shown in +igure 2-1" the o/.ination of
IDDD *02!1ag and IDDD *02!3ah pro0ides a o/plete Dthernet $-4 solution!
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of IDDD *02!1ag and IDDD *02!3ah
Core ,a#er
:51
C5B
:52
C53
:
:
:
:
C5
1
Router3
.ccess ,a#er
.ccess ,a#er
Custo" ,a#er
Custo" ,a#er
Router1
Router2
2555
802*3a
2555
802*3a
C52
OptiX N5
2555 802*1a)
Dthernet ser0ie $-4 fouses on the /aintenane of end-to-end Dthernet lin9s! =ased
on ser0ies" Dthernet ser0ie $-4 i/ple/ents end-to-end detetion in the unit of
?/aintenane do/ain? and perfor/s seg/ental /anage/ent on eah networ9 seg/ent
that is in0ol0ed in the sa/e ser0ie on a networ9!
Copyright Huawei
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Dthernet port $-4 fouses on the /aintenane of point-to-point Dthernet lin9 .etween
two diretly-onneted de0ies in Dthernet in the first /ile (D+4)! Dthernet port $-4
does not fous on a speifi ser0ie! It /aintains the point-to-point Dthernet lin9 .y
perfor/ing $-4 auto-diso0ery" lin9 perfor/ane /onitoring" fault he9" re/ote
loop.a9" and selfloop he9!
Purpose
Cith the ontinuous de0elop/ent of the Dthernet" espeially when #-'s e0ol0e to C-'s"
operators pay /ore attention to e6uip/ent /aintaina.ility! &olutions to operations"
ad/inistration and /aintenane ($-4) in the trans/ission networ9 are re6uired urgently!
Therefore" DTH $-4 is de0eloped!
- o/parison of DTH $-4 and e;isting $-4 and fault loating /ethods is pro0ided as
follows7
Chen a loop.a9 is perfor/ed at a port" all pa9ets on the port are looped .a9!
Therefore" the loop.a9 /ethod annot .e used if only a speifi ser0ie needs to .e
looped .a9!
DTH $-4 an detet hardware faults!
DTH $-4 an detet and loate faults auto/atially!
%+#+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with DTH $-4!
%+#+%+# Position o8 3A. in the Net7or, .odel
This topi desri.es the position of $-4 in the networ9 /odel" whih helps in understanding
the DTH--4 funtion!
5ocation o8 the 3A. Sub'layer in the 3SI Re8erence .odel
+igure 2-2 shows the loation of the $-4 su.-layer in the $&I referene /odel!
Figure 1.1 #oation of the $-4 su.-layer in the $&I referene /odel
.pp(cation
:resentation
Session
'ransport
Net%or-
Data ,in-
:#sica(
OS2 Reference
>o!e( ,a#ers
,,C-,o)ica( ,in- Contro( or
oter >.C Cient
O.>@Optiona(A
>.C Contro( @Optiona(A
>.C->e!ia .ccess Contro(
,.N
CS>./CD ,a#ers
Copyright Huawei
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The DTH $-4 is loated in the data lin9 layer of the $&I referene /odel" .etween the ##C
su.-layer and 4-C Control!
5ocation o8 the :T! 3A. in the Transmission Net7or, .odel
+igure 2-3 shows the loation of the DTH $-4 in the trans/ission networ9 /odel!
Figure 1.1 #oation of the DTH $-4 in the trans/ission networ9 /odel
DTH $-4 in0ol0es all layers a.o0e the 4-C layer" o0ering a wide appliation range!
%+#+%+% I::: 1"%+#a 3A. .anaement
IDDD *02!1ag $-4 is /ainly used .etween usto/er edge (CD) e6uip/ent and pro0ider
edge (PD) e6uip/ent" to ensure a relia.le and sta.le onnetion .etween a usto/er networ9
and an operator networ9!
Cith regard to DTH $-4" the following onepts /ust .e defined7
4aintenane do/ain7 - /aintenane do/ain (4,) refers to a networ9 that re6uires
$-4!
4aintenane assoiation7 - /aintenane assoiation (4-) is a do/ain assoiated with
ser0ies" and an 4- onsists of se0eral 4DPs and 4IPs!
4aintenane point7 4aintenane points (4Ps) inlude /aintenane assoiation end
points (4DPs) and /aintenane assoiation inter/ediate points (4IPs)!
N 4DP7 4DPs funtion to initiate and ter/inate all $-4 pa9ets" and are assoiated
with ser0ies! $n a networ9" the o/.ination of an 4- and an 4DP I, speifies a
uni6ue 4DP!
N 4IP7 4IPs annot initiate $-4 pa9ets! If the non-standard protool is used" 4IPs
an respond to and forward #= pa9ets and #T pa9ets" and an only forward CC
pa9ets! If the standard protool is used" 4IPs an forward CC pa9ets and #=
pa9ets" and an respond to and forward #T pa9ets!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
.D
$n a networ9" usto/ers" ser0ie pro0iders" and operators fous on different networ9
seg/ents! Thus" /anage/ent o0er different networ9 seg/ents that a ser0ie tra0erses is
re6uired! In addition" different ser0ie flows need to .e /anaged separately!
IDDD *02!1ag $-4 /aintains the Dthernet .y perfor/ing end-to-end he9 .ased on 4,s!
In ter/s of $-4" an 4, is a olletion of all the 4Ps in a ser0ie instane! 4Ps are
lassified into 4DPs and 4IPs!
+or the /anage/ent seg/ent to .e /aintained" 4DPs an .e esta.lished at .oth ends so that
the range of the 4, is speified! In addition" 4IPs at other positions on this /anage/ent
seg/ent an .e esta.lished as re6uired! Chen operations are perfor/ed on these 4Ps
(inluding 4DPs and 4IPs)" .ased on the relationships and responses .etween the 4Ps" the
state of the entire /anage/ent seg/ent is under ontrol and a fault an .e deteted and
loated!
+igure 1-13( shows two /a:or appliation senarios7
-n 4, intended for usto/ers at the aess layer7 4DPs are reated on the 'Ds (CD1
and CD3) at .oth ends of the networ9" and 4IPs are reated on 'Ds PD1 and PD2! In this
/anner" the entire Dthernet lin9s that arry usto/er ser0ies an .e he9ed!
-n 4, intended for operators at the ore layer7 4DPs are reated on 'Ds PD1 and PD2!
In this /anner" 6uality of the operator networ9" rather than 6uality of the aess lin9" an
.e foused on!
.A
-n 4- is a part of an 4,! -n 4, an .e di0ided into one or /ultiple 4-s!
$n an operator networ9" a 1#-' orresponds to a ser0ie instane! $n e6uip/ent" a 1#-'
orresponds to one or /ultiple 4-s! =y di0iding 4-s" you an detet the onneti0ity faults
of a networ9 that trans/its a ertain ser0ie instane!
The le0el of an 4- is the sa/e as the le0el of the 4, to whih it .elongs!
.P
-n 4P is the funtional entity of IDDD *02!1ag $-4! 4DPs are lassified into 4DPs and
4IPs!
Dah 4P has a uni6ue /aintenane point identifiation (4PI,) on the entire networ9! The
infor/ation a.out the 4P is reorded in the 4-C address ta.le" 4P ta.le" and routing ta.le!
The ser0ie type" ser0ie I," and 1#-' tag are 9ey ontents in the 4P onfiguration
infor/ation! $ne an 4P is reated suessfully" the protool pa9et arrying the infor/ation
a.out this 4P is .roadast to the entire networ9 periodially! Then" the other 4Ps reei0e the
protool pa9et and reord the infor/ation for future use!
-ll $-4 operations /ust .e initiated .y an 4DP! -n 4IP annot initiate any $-4 operation or send
any $-4 pa9et!
.:P
-n 4DP speifies the starting position of an 4-!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-s shown in +igure 2-@" an arrow generally indiates an 4DP and the diretion of the arrow
speifies the diretion of the 4DP!
-n 4DP pro0ides the following funtions7
-llows trans/ission of all ser0ie pa9ets without any re6uire/ent for their diretions!
Che9s all the $-4 pa9ets that tra0erse the 4DP along the diretion of the arrow!
N -llows trans/ission of the $-4 pa9ets that .elong to a le0el higher than the le0el
of the 4DP" without perfor/ing further he9s!
N ,isards the $-4 pa9ets that .elong to a le0el lower than the le0el of the 4DP or
.elong to the sa/e le0el as the 4DP!
Che9s all the $-4 pa9ets that tra0erse the 4DP in the opposite diretion of the arrow!
N -llows trans/ission of the $-4 pa9ets that .elong to a le0el higher than the le0el
of the 4DP" without perfor/ing further he9s!
N Proesses the $-4 pa9ets that .elong to the sa/e le0el as the 4DP!
N ,isards the $-4 pa9ets that .elong to a le0el lower than the le0el of the 4DP!
-n 4DP an generate $-4 pa9ets that .elong to the sa/e le0el as the 4DP and
trans/it the/ in a speified diretion!
.IP
-s shown in +igure 2-@" an ellipse generally indiates an 4IP" whih has no diretion!
-n 4IP pro0ides the following funtions7
-llows trans/ission of all the ser0ie pa9ets!
Che9s all the $-4 pa9ets that need to tra0erse the 4IP!
-llows trans/ission of all the $-4 pa9ets that .elong to a le0el higher than the le0el
of the 4IP!
=ased on the speial operation ode or destination 4-C address" proesses the pa9ets
as follows7
N Transparently trans/its the/!
N Transparently trans/its and proesses the/!
N Interepts the $-4 pa9ets that .elong to the sa/e le0el as the 4IP and proesses
the/!
=ased on the speial operation ode" disards all the $-4 pa9ets that .elong to a le0el
lower than the le0el of the 4IP!
5ayered .anaement
IDDD *02!1ag $-4 adds the /anage/ent le0el fields to $-4 protool pa9ets to pro0ide
layered /anage/ent! The higher le0el /anage/ent do/ain an ross the lower le0el
/anage/ent do/ain" .ut the lower le0el /anage/ent do/ain annot ross the higher le0el
/anage/ent do/ain! =ased on suh layered /anage/ent" a ser0ie an .e /aintained
seg/entally and different ser0ie flows an .e /anaged!
+igure 2-@ shows the logial diagra/ of 4, hierarhy!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 #ogial diagra/ of 4, hierarhy
a $ c ! e f
C5 Operator . :ro/i!er 7ri!)es Operator 7 :ro/i!er 7ri!)es C5
Custo"er >D ,e/e(
Ser/ice :ro/i!er >D ,e/e(
Operator >D ,e/e(
:#sica( >D ,e/e(
7ri!)e %it 7ri!)e :orts
>aintenance 5n! :orts
>aintenance 2nter"e!iate :oints
>aintenance
.ssociation
.2S Con/er)ence Function
,o)ica( pat of CF>
>essa)es
Currently" IDDD *02!1ag supports the eight-le0el hierarhy" fro/ le0el 0 to le0el 3! ?0?
indiates the lowest le0el and ?3? indiates the highest le0el! Dight /aintenane do/ain (4,)
le0els orrespond to usto/ers" ser0ie pro0ides" and arriers!
4, le0els for usto/ers7 3" B" (
4, le0els for ser0ie pro0iders7 @" 3
4, le0els for arriers7 2" 1" 0
Hierarhy le0els fro/ the highest to the lowest are as follows7 usto/er 4, le0el > ser0ie
pro0ider 4, le0el > operator 4, le0el!
The dashed lines in the diagra/ show the logial hannels that IDDD *02!1ag $-4 pa9ets
tra0el through! 4ethods for 4Ps at different layers to proess $-4 protool pa9ets are as
follows7
In the ase of the $-4 protool pa9ets that .elong to a higher layer le0el" the 4Ps
transparently trans/it the/!
In the ase of the $-4 protool pa9ets that .elong to a lower layer le0el" the 4Ps
disard the/ diretly!
In the ase of the $-4 protool pa9ets that .elong to the sa/e layer le0el" the 4Ps
respond to or ter/inate the pa9ets aording to the /essages types of these $-4
protool pa9ets!
%+#+%+& I::: 1"%+&ah 3A. 3perations
IDDD *02!3ah $-4 is applia.le to the on0ergene networ9 on the aess side! It ai/s to
he9 ontinuity of the entire networ9 and loate any ontinuity failure on the networ9! IDDD
*02!3ah $-4" together with the protetion swithing /ehanis/" i/pro0es networ9
relia.ility!
Copyright Huawei
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Ta.le 2-1 shows the IDDD *02!3ah DTH $-4 operations and appliation senarios!
Table 1.1 IDDD *02!3ah $-4 operations and appliation senarios
3peration
Name
Scenario
Description
$-4 -uto-
,iso0ery
=y e;hanging the
infor/ation $-4
protool data unit
($-4P,5)
periodially" the
e6uip/ent at loal
end is infor/ed
whether and how the
opposite end
supports the IDDD
*02!3ah $-4
protool!
The e6uip/ent
that supports the
IDDD *02!3ah
$-4 protool is
identified!
If the auto-
diso0ery fails"
the related alar/
is reported!
$-4 auto-
diso0ery is a
prere6uisite to
reali8ing the lin9
perfor/ane
/onitoring and
re/ote loop.a9!
The lin9
perfor/ane
/onitoring and
loop.a9 funtions
are a0aila.le at the
port only when the
$-4 auto-
diso0ery is
suessful!
#in9 Perfor/ane
4onitoring
#in9 perfor/ane
/onitoring is used
to /onitor the .it
error perfor/ane
(error fra/es or
error signals)! Chen
the loal end detets
that the .it errors
e;eed the
threshold" the .it
error e0ent is
trans/itted to the
opposite end o0er
the speified
$-4P,5! In this
ase" the opposite
end reports the
alar/ aordingly!
The ser0ie
perfor/ane of
the lin9 is
/onitored in real
ti/e!
The lin9
perfor/ane
within a speifi
range is preisely
analy8ed and
/onitored!
-ording to
atual
re6uire/ents"
you an
onfigure
window 0alues
and threshold
0alues of three
lin9 perfor/ane
e0ents
respeti0ely on
the '4&! In this
/anner" whether
the lin9
perfor/ane
degrades to the
threshold an .e
deteted!
NOTE
To perfor/
perfor/ane statistis
fro/ different
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
3peration
Name
Scenario
Description
aspets" the lin9
perfor/ane
/onitoring is
lassified into .it
error fra/e e0ent
/onitoring" error
fra/e seond e0ent
/onitoring" and error
fra/e period e0ent
/onitoring!
2e/ote #oop.a9 The $-4 entity at
the loal end
trans/its the
loop.a9 ontrol
$-4P,5 pa9ets
to the re/ote $-4
to re6uest a
loop.a9! -ording
to loop.a9 data
analysis" the fault
loating and lin9
perfor/ane test are
perfor/ed!
The pro.le/ an
.e loated on
site!
=y o/paring the
nu/.er of
trans/itted
pa9ets with the
nu/.er of
reei0ed pa9ets
in the loop.a9"
you an detet
the lin9
perfor/ane and
lin9 faults in this
lin9
.idiretionally
fro/ the
loop.a9
initiation end to
the loop.a9
response end!
&elf-#oop Test -fter the self-loop
test funtion is
ena.led on an
Dthernet unit" you
an detet the self-
loop that ours
when the fi.er in the
trans/it diretion of
a port is onneted
to the sa/e port in
the reei0e diretion"
and the intra-.oard
loop.a9 .etween
two onneted port
on the sa/e .oard!
The loop.a9 on
the port and the
intra-.oard
loop.a9 an .e
tested!
$ne a loop
ours during the
networ9ing
operation" it is
deteted and the
related alar/ is
reported!
Copyright Huawei
A@*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
%+#+& Availability
The Dthernet operation" ad/inistration" and /aintenane (DTH $-4) funtion re6uires the
support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00" 1100200BC00 and
later
i4anager 52000 1100200(C00" 1100200BC02 and
later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
D+&* 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<T1 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
Remar,s
The D<T1 supports only IDDD *02!1ag $-4!
The D+&* supports IDDD *02!1ag $-4 and IDDD *02!3ah $-4!
%+#+0 Principles o8 I::: 1"%+#a 3A.
Dthernet ser0ie $-4 is ahie0ed through ontinuity he9s" loop.a9 tests" lin9 trae tests"
and $-4HPing tests!
%+#+0+# I::: 1"%+#a 3A.PDU
The /aintenane funtions of IDDD *02!1ag $-4 are i/ple/ented .y o//uniating
$-4P,5s .etween 4Ps! =eing fa/iliar with IDDD *02!1ag $-4P,5s helps you
understand how all /aintenane funtions of IDDD *02!1ag $-4 are i/ple/ented!
+igure 2-( shows an IDDD *02!1ag $-4P,5!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 IDDD *02!1ag $-4P,5
O.> >.C !esti nati on a!!ress
O.> >.C source a!!ress
5ter t#pe @V,.NA
5ter t#pe @O.>A
'#pe ,en)t
Ser/i ce-2D
O.> !ate
Fra"e cec- se?uence
V,.N ta)
V5R O.> t#pe
$-4 4-C destination address7 indiates the 4-C address of a destination 4P!
$-4 4-C soure address7 indiates the 4-C address of a soure 4P!
Dther type (1#-')7 indiates the type of Dthernet data" suh as 0;*100!
1#-' tag7 indiates the 1#-' 0alue of ser0ie traffi!
Dther type ($-4)7 indiates the type of the DTH $-4 protool pa9et! The type of a
standard IDDD *02!1ag $-4 protool pa9et is 0;*A02! The type of a non-standard
(Huawei" draft 3!0) IDDD *02!1ag $-4 protool pa9et is 0;**0A!
$-4 type7 speifies how an 4P differs and responds to 0arious $-4 operations
aording to the types of $-4 pa9ets! +or details on the /apping .etween $-4 type
0alues and types of $-4 pa9ets" see Ta.le 2-2!
Table 1.1 4apping .etween $-4 type 0alues and types of $-4 pa9ets
3A. Type 3A.PDU Usae
1 #oop.a9 /essage (#=4) #oop.a9 test
2 #in9 trae /essage (#T4) #in9 trae test
3 Continuity he9 /essage (CC4) Continuity test
@ 4-C 6uery 4-C address 6uery
( #oop.a9 return (#=2) #oop.a9 test
B #in9 trae reply (#T2) #in9 trae test
3 4a-9 4-C address onfir/ation
notifiation
* 4a=roadast 4-C address .roadast
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%+#+0+% Continuity Chec,
Continuity he9 (CC) is used to test the lin9 status unidiretionally!
Principles
- soure 4DP onstruts CC4 pa9ets and trans/its the/ periodially! -fter reei0ing a
CC4 pa9et fro/ a soure 4DP" a sin9 4DP diretly ena.les the CC funtion for this soure
4DP!
If the sin9 4DP fails to reei0e a CC4 pa9et fro/ the soure 4DP within a he9 period
(that is" 3!( ti/es the trans/it period)" it reports a speifi alar/ auto/atially! The alar/
lears until the lin9 is restored and the sin9 4DP reei0es a CC4 pa9et fro/ the soure
4DP!
-s shown in +igure 2-B" the CC funtion is ena.led on 4DP1! 4DP1 trans/its CC4 pa9ets!
$n the reeipt of the first CC4 pa9et" 4DP2" 4DP3" and 4DP@ in the sa/e 4, start their
ti/ers so that they an reei0e the CC4 pa9et fro/ 4DP1 periodially! $ne the lin9 is
faulty" the sin9 4DP fails to reei0e the CC4 pa9et within the he9 period! In this ase" the
sin9 4DP reports an alar/! The alar/ lears after the lin9 is restored!
Figure 1.1 Continuity he9 diagra/
>5:B
>5:2
>5:3
V7
V7
>5:1
V7
Chen the CC funtion is ena.led at 4DP1" 4DP2" 4DP3" and 4DP@ at the sa/e ti/e" eah
4DP is .oth the soure end and sin9 end for the CC funtion! In this way" .idiretional
ontinuity tests an .e i/ple/ented!
$nly 4DPs an ena.le CC and .e a reei0e responding end for the he9!
-unction
=ased on a regular he9 /ehanis/" CC is perfor/ed auto/atially after it is onfigured
suessfully! In this way" the lin9 fault he9 and fault auto-diso0ery funtions are ahie0ed!
-dditionally" .roadast protool pa9ets generated with a CC are used to i/ple/ent point-to-
/ultipoint detetion and /ultipoint-to-/ultipoint detetion" espeially the detetion of a
#ayer 2 swithing networ9! In this way" networ9 detetion of an entire 4, is a0aila.le!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
%+#+0+& 5oopbac, Test
The loop.a9 (#=) an .e used to test the state of any 4P lin9 fro/ the soure 4DP to the
/aintenane do/ain!
Principles
=ased on the .idiretional ser0ie" the loop.a9 is a test perfor/ed /anually at a ti/e! The
soure 4DP onstruts the loop.a9 /essage (#=4) pa9ets and adds the destination 4-C
addresses to the pa9ets! Chen the pa9ets are trans/itted" the ti/er is started!
-fter reei0ing the #=4 pa9ets" the sin9 4P onstruts the loop.a9 return (#=2) pa9ets
and trans/its the/ .a9 to the soure 4DP! In this ase" the loop.a9 sueeds! If the soure
4DP fails to reei0e the #=2 fro/ the sin9 4P after its ti/er e;pires" the loop.a9 fails!
-s shown in +igure 2-3" the 4DP1 trans/its the #=4 pa9ets to the sin9 4DP@! -fter
reei0ing the pa9ets" the 4IP2 and 4IP3 in the sa/e /aintenane do/ain detet that the
destination 4PI,s ontained in the pa9ets are different fro/ those of the/! In this ase" the
4IP2 and 4IP3 transparently trans/it the pa9ets! -fter reei0ing the pa9ets" the sin9
4DP@ trans/its the #=2 pa9ets .a9 to the soure 4DP1! -t this /o/ent" the loop.a9 is
o/plete!
Figure 1.1 #oop.a9 test diagra/
,7>
,7R
>5:1 >5:B >2:2 >2:3
$nly the 4DP an initiate the loop.a9 test" while .oth the 4DP and 4IP an .e the reei0e end in the
test!
-unction
The loop.a9 (#=) an .e used to test the state of the lin9 fro/ the soure to any node in the
/aintenane do/ain! -s the sin9 4P an .e the 4IP" the loop.a9 an .e used to loate the
faults! Co/pared with the ontinuity he9" the loop.a9 test is not a ontinuous test!
Therefore" you need start the test /anually eah ti/e!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
%+#+0+0 5in, Trace Test
Co/pared with the #= test" the lin9 trae (#T) test pro0ides enhaned fault loating
apa.ility! That is" the faulty networ9 seg/ent an .e loated the first ti/e in the #T test!
Principles
The soure 4DP onstruts the lin9 trae /essage (#T4) pa9ets and adds the sin9 4-C
addresses to the pa9ets for trans/ission! -t the sa/e ti/e" the ti/er is started!
-ll 4IPs that .elong to this /aintenane do/ain on the lin9 ontinuously trans/it the #T4
pa9ets to the sin9 4DP! -t the sa/e ti/e" a lin9 trae replay (#T2) pa9et is trans/itted
.a9 to the soure 4DP!
-fter the sin9 4DP reei0es the #T4 pa9ets" the pa9et trans/ission is o/plete! Then the
sin9 4DP trans/its #T2 pa9ets .a9 to the sin9 4DP! In this ase" the lin9 trae test is
suessful! If the soure 4DP fails to reei0e the #T2 fro/ the sin9 4DP after its ti/er
e;pires" the lin9 trae test fails!
-dditionally" a para/eter ?'u/.er of hops? is added to a pa9et that is trans/itted .a9! The
nu/.er of hops is used to indiate the /aintenane point that returns the pa9et on the tested
lin9! If the first 4P that an #T4 pa9et passes is on a sa/e .oard with the soure 4P" the
nu/.er of hops starts fro/ 0! $therwise" the nu/.er of hops starts fro/ 1!
The funtion of the lin9 trae test is si/ilar to the funtion of the loop.a9 test! The differene
.etween the two types of tests is as follows7 In a loop.a9 test" only the sin9 4P responds to
#=4 fra/es" whereas in a lin9 trae test" all 4Ps on the lin9 respond to #T4 fra/es!
-ording to these response /essages" all 4IPs that are in0ol0ed fro/ the soure 4DP to the
sin9 4DP an .e reogni8ed" as shown in +igure 2-*!
Figure 1.1 #in9 trae test diagra/
>5:1 >5:B >2:2 >2:3
1
2
,'R
,'>
,'> ,'R
3
,'>
,'R
B
1! The soure 4DP1 trans/its the #T4 pa9ets to the sin9 4DP@!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
@! -fter reei0ing the #T4 pa9ets" the sin9 4DP@ ter/inates the #T4 pa9ets and
trans/its the #T2 pa9ets to the soure 4DP1!
$nly an 4DP an initiate or ter/inate an #T test!
-unction
Co/pared with the #= test" the #T test enhanes the apa.ility of fault loating!
1! Cith infor/ation a.out the 4IPs that return #T2 pa9ets" the path that protool pa9ets
ta9e an .e deter/ined!
2! Chen it is ertain that a lin9 seg/ent in a /aintenane do/ain is faulty" the faulty lin9
seg/ent an .e loated .ased on returned #T2 pa9ets! To .e speifi" lin9 seg/ents
that return #T2 pa9ets are nor/al and lin9 seg/ents that do not return #T2 pa9ets are
faulty!
%+#+0+2 3A.HPin Test
The $-4HPing test pro0ides a /ethod to test the in-ser0ie pa9et loss ratio and hold-off
ti/e that result fro/ .it errors! =esides the ontinuity test" the $-4-Ping test further
/anages the perfor/ane of the Dthernet lin9 at the 4-C layer!
Principle
The trans/it end in $-4HPing a6uires the IP address of the /aintenane point first" and
then onstruts the -2P pa9ets and IC4P pa9ets for trans/ission! The /aintenane point
that reei0es the -2P pa9ets or IC4P pa9ets analy8es the pa9ets and then trans/its the
response pa9ets .a9 to the trans/it end! -fter reei0ing the response pa9ets" the
$-4HPing trans/it end reports the test results of the $-4HPing aording to the
infor/ation ontained in the response pa9ets! The results inlude the pa9et loss ratio and
delay infor/ation!
-unction
The $4-HPing test pro0ides a /ethod to test the in-ser0ie pa9et loss ratio and hold-off
ti/e that result fro/ .it errors! Co/pared with the ontinuity test" the $-4HPing test
pro0ides /ore detailed and aurate $-4 infor/ation! In this ase" the $-4 not only
ensures the ser0ie ontinuity" .ut also detets the pa9et loss and ser0ie delay to a greater
e;tent!
%+#+2 Principles o8 I::: 1"%+&ah 3A.
Dthernet port $-4 is ahie0ed through the $-4 auto-diso0ery" lin9 perfor/ane
/onitoring" fault loating" re/ote loop.a9s" and self-loop tests!
%+#+2+# I::: 1"%+&ah 3A.PDU
-ll /aintenane funtions of IDDD *02!3ah $-4 are i/ple/ented .y o//uniating
$-4P,5s! =eing fa/iliar with IDDD *02!3ah $-4P,5s helps you understand how all
/aintenane funtions of IDDD *02!3ah $-4 are i/ple/ented!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+igure 2-A shows an IDDD *02!3ah $-4P,5!
Figure 1.1 IDDD *02!3ah $-4P,5
D
D
2
1
2
1
B2-1B9D
B
Octets
>.C !esti nati on a!!ress
>.C source a!!ress
'#pe
Su$t#pe
F( a)s fi e( !
Co!e
Data/:a! fi e( !
Fra"e cec- se?uence
4-C destination address7 indiates the low-speed protool /ultiast address whose
0alue is always set to 0;01-*0-C2-00-00-02!
4-C soure address7 indiates the 4-C address of a port!
Type7 indiates the low-speed protool type whose 0alue is always set to 0;**0A!
&u.type7 indiates that the speified type of the low-speed protool is IDDD *02!3ah
$-4" whih is always set to 0;03!
+lags +ield7 speifies so/e i/portant state infor/ation suh as lin9 fault" dying gasp"
and ritial e0ent! The i/ple/entation of the fault loating funtion depends on the state
infor/ation /entioned pre0iously!
Code7 identifies IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool pa9ets of different types! The /ain
pa9et types are infor/ation $-4P,5" e0ent notifiation $-4P,5" and loop.a9
ontrol $-4P,5! They are related to the reali8ation of $-4 auto-diso0ery" lin9
perfor/ane /onitoring" and re/ote loop.a9 respeti0ely! +or details on the /apping
.etween ode 0alues and types of $-4 pa9ets" see Ta.le 2-3!
Table 1.1 4apping .etween ode 0alues and types of $-4 pa9ets
Code
Value
3A.PDU Usae
0;00 Infor/ation D;hanges the $-4 infor/ation at the
loal end and the opposite end!
0;01 D0ent notifiation 'otifies the opposite e6uip/ent that .it
error perfor/ane e0ents our on the lin9!
0;02 1aria.le re6uest 2e6uests one or /ultiple speifi 4I=
Copyright Huawei
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Code
Value
3A.PDU Usae
/essages!
0;03 1aria.le response 2esponds to one or /ultiple speifi 4I=
/essages!
0;0@ #oop.a9 ontrol Dna.les or disa.les a re/ote $-4
loop.a9!
0;0(-
0;+,
2eser0ed 2eser0ed
0;+D $rgani8ation speifi Indiates the seleti0e e;tended $-4P,5
funtion used .y different e6uip/ent
/anufaturers!
0;++ 2eser0ed 2eser0ed
,ata)Pad field7 indiates the $-4P,5 data part" whih is length-0aria.le" with a length
range fro/ @2 .ytes to 1@AB types! This field ontains padded .ytes when an $-4P,5
has less than B@ .ytes (that is" the /ini/u/ length)!
+ra/e he9 se6uene7 indiates a fra/e he9!
%+#+2+% 3A. Auto'Discovery
=y e;hanging Infor/ation $-4 protool data units ($-4P,5s) periodially" the
e6uip/ent at loal end is infor/ed whether the opposite end supports the IDDD *02!3ah $-4
protool! $-4 auto-diso0ery is a prere6uisite to reali8e the lin9 perfor/ane /onitoring"
fault loating and re/ote loop.a9s!
Principles
-s shown in +igure 2-10" when the Code field of the $-4P,5 is 0;00" it indiates that the
$-4P,5 is an Infor/ation $-4P,5 and is used for $-4 auto-diso0ery!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Pa9et for/at of an Infor/ation $-4P,5
O.> Version 0301
Re/ision
State
O.> Confi)uration
O . > : D 0 C o n f i ) u r a t i o n
O02
2nfor"ation '#pe 03F5
2nfor"ation ,en)t
O02
O r ) a n i 8 a t i o n S p e c i f i c V a ( u e
O.> Version 0301
Re/ision
State
O.> Confi)uration
O . > : D 0 C o n f i ) u r a t i o n
O02
88-09
0303
0300
01-80-c2-00-00-02
,en)t/'#pe
Su$t#pe
F(a)s
Co!e
FCS
Destination .!!ress
Source .!!ress
2
1
2
1
B 2 - 1 B 9 D
B
D
D
Octets Fie(!s
Fi3e!
Va(ues
INFORMATION
OAMPDU
LOCAL INFORMATION TLV
REMOTE INFORMATION
TLV
ORGANIZATION
SPECIFIC
INFORMATION TLV
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
3
B
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
3
B
Data/:a!
The ,ata field of an Infor/ation $-4P,5 inludes loal infor/ation type-length-0alue
(T#1) do/ain and re/ote infor/ation type-length-0alue (T#1) do/ain! -n $-4
onfiguration .yte is ontained in the T#1 do/ain! Chen the lin9 is nor/al" suessful $-4
auto-diso0ery depends on .it 0alues of the $-4 onfiguration .ytes! In addition" the .it
0alues deide what funtions are perfor/ed after $-4 auto-diso0ery sueeds!
Ta.le 2-@ lists details of $-4 onfiguration .ytes!
Table 1.1 ,etails of $-4 onfiguration .ytes
3-( 2eser0ed These .its are set to 0s when the $-4P,5 is
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
trans/itted and are ignored when the $-4P,5
is reei0ed!
@ 1aria.le retrie0al

data ter/inal e6uip/ent (,TD) supports the
trans/ission of 1aria.le 2esponse
$-4P,5s!

,TD does not support the trans/ission of
1aria.le 2esponse $-4P,5s!
3 #in9 e0ents

,TD supports the /onitoring on .it error
perfor/ane (errored fra/es or errored
signals) of lin9s! Chen .it errors ross the
threshold" the .it error e0ent is trans/itted to
the opposite end o0er the speified
$-4P,5!

,TD does not support the /onitoring on .it
error perfor/ane of lin9s!
2 $-4 re/ote loop.a9
support

,TD supports the loop.a9 re6uest of the
re/ote end! Chen the loop.a9 o//and is
issued at the re/ote end" the loal end
trans/its all pa9ets .a9 to the re/ote end"
e;luding $-4P,5 pa9ets!

,TD does not support the re/ote loop.a9!
1 5nidiretional support

loal end an ontinue to trans/it the
$-4P,5 pa9ets to the re/ote end when a
fault ours in the reei0e diretion!

loal end annot trans/it the $-4P,5
pa9ets to the re/ote end when the route
does not wor9 in the reei0e diretion!
0 $-4 /ode

$-4 /ode of the ,TD is set to -ti0e!

$-4 /ode of the ,TD is set to Passi0e!
Chen the loal end wor9s in passi0e /ode"
ertain $-4 funtions are not supported!
+or details" see Ta.le 2-(!
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Table 1.2 4apping .etween $-4 wor9ing /odes and $-4 apa.ilities
3A. Capability 3A. .ode
Active
.ode
Passive
.ode
Initiates $-4 ,iso0ery proess Oes 'o
2eats to $-4 ,iso0ery proess Oes Oes
2e6uired to send Infor/ation $-4P,5s Oes Oes
Per/itted to send D0ent 'otifiation $-4P,5s Oes Oes
Per/itted to send 1aria.le 2e6uest $-4P,5s Oes 'o
Per/itted to send 1aria.le 2esponse $-4P,5s Oes Oes
Per/itted to send #oop.a9 Control $-4P,5s Oes 'o
2eats to #oop.a9 Control $-4P,5s Oes Oes
Per/itted to send $rgani8ation &peifi $-4P,5s Oes Oes
Chen the IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool is ena.led for the port on the Dthernet ser0ie
proessing .oard" Infor/ation $-4P,5s are .roadast periodially! -t the sa/e ti/e"
Infor/ation $-4P,5s fro/ the opposite port are reei0ed and proessed! In this way" two
peer ends e;hange the $-4 infor/ation (inluding $-4 onfiguration infor/ation and
$-4 state infor/ation) to esta.lish the $-4 onnetion .etween the two ends!
-unction
The following funtions are a0aila.le at a port only after $-4 auto-diso0ery is suessful7
lin9 perfor/ane /onitoring" fault loating and loop.a9s! If $-4 auto-diso0ery fails" a
speifi alar/ is reported!
%+#+2+& 5in, Per8ormance .onitorin
#in9 perfor/ane /onitoring is used to /onitor the .it error perfor/ane (errored fra/es or
errored signals)! Chen the loal end detets that the .it errors ross the threshold" the .it error
e0ent is trans/itted to the opposite end o0er an D0ent 'otifiation $-4P,5! In this ase"
the opposite end reports the alar/ aordingly!
Principles
-s shown in +igure 2-11" when the Code field of the $-4P,5 is 0;01" it indiates that the
$-4P,5 is an D0ent 'otifiation $-4P,5 and is used for notifying the .it error
perfor/ane e0ent /utually!
Copyright Huawei
A(A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Pa9et for/at of an D0ent 'otifiation $-4P,5
88-09
0303
0301
01-80-c2-00-00-02
,en)t/'#pe
Su$t#pe
F(a)s
Co!e
FCS
Destination .!!ress
Source .!!ress
2
1
2
1
B 2 - 1 B 9 D
B
D
D
ENENT
NOTIFICATION
OAMPDU
S5F05NC5 N0>75R
Data/:a!
Se?uence Nu"$er 2
5/ent '#pe 0301 1
5/ent ,en)t 0328 1
5/ent 'i"e Sta"p 2
5 r r o r e ! S / " $ o ( < i n ! o % 8
5 r r o r e ! S / " $ o ( ' r e s o ( 8
5rrore! S/"$o( 8
5/ent '#pe 0302 1
5/ent ,en)t 031. 1
5/ent 'i"e Sta"p 2
5rrore! Fra"e <in!o% 2
5 r r o r e ! F r a " e ' r e s o ( B
5rrore! Fra"es B
5/ent '#pe 0303 1
5/ent ,en)t 031 1
5/ent 'i"e Sta"p C 2
5rrore! Fra"e <in!o% B
5 r r o r e ! F r a " e ' r e s o ( B
5rrore! Fra"es B
5/ent '#pe 030B 1
5/ent ,en)t 0312 1
5/ent 'i"e Sta"p 2
5 r r * F r * S e c * S u " * < i n ! o % 2
5 r r * F r * S e c * S u " * ' r e s o ( 2
5rr*Fr*Sec*Su""ar# 2
5rror Runnin) 'ota( B
5/ent '#pe 03F 1
5/ent ,en)t 5 1
O02 3
O r ) a n i 8 a t i o n S p e c i f i c V a ( u e 3
5RROR5D SK>7O, :5R2OD 5V5N'
5RROR5D FR.>5 5N5N'
5RROR5D FR.>5 :5R2OD 5V5N'
5 R R O R 5 D F R . > 5 S 5 C O N D S S 0 > > . R K
ORG.N2O.'2ON S:5C2F2C 5V5N'
Octets Fie(!s
Fi3e!
Va(ues
To perfor/ perfor/ane /easure/ent fro/ different aspets" lassify lin9 perfor/ane
/onitoring into errored fra/e e0ent /onitoring" errored fra/e seonds su//ary e0ent
/onitoring" and errored fra/e period e0ent /onitoring!
Copyright Huawei
AB0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Condition for triggering errored fra/e e0ents7 Cithin a period of the errored fra/e
/onitor window" the nu/.er of atually reei0ed errored fra/es is greater than the pre-
set threshold 0alue!
The period of the errored fra/e /onitor window indiates the ti/e period for eah errored fra/e
/easure/ent!
Condition for triggering errored fra/e seonds su//ary e0ents7 Cithin the speifi
seonds" the nu/.er of deteted errored fra/e seonds is greater than the pre-set
threshold 0alue!
Chen the nu/.er of deteted errored fra/es is greater than 0 within a seond" this seond is alled an
errored fra/e seond!
Condition for triggering errored fra/e period e0ents7 Cithin the speifi reei0ed
fra/es" the nu/.er of deteted errored fra/es is greater than the pre-set threshold 0alue!
Chen the IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool is ena.led at a port" the protool 6ueries the 24$'
statistial ount of the hardware hip periodially to o.tain the infor/ation suh as the
nu/.er of aurate pa9ets and the nu/.er of error pa9ets! Oou an find out whether the
preeding three perfor/ane e0ents our after proessing the infor/ation! If a perfor/ane
e0ent ours" the opposite end is infor/ed of this e0ent o0er an D0ent 'otifiation
$-4P,5! -fter reei0ing the notifiation" the opposite end reports the related alar/ for
/aintenane personnel to perfor/ trou.leshooting!
-unction
The lin9 perfor/ane /onitoring funtion is used to preisely analy8e and /onitor the lin9
perfor/ane within a speifi range!
-ording to atual re6uire/ents" users an set window 0alues and threshold 0alues for the
preeding three lin9 perfor/ane e0ents on the 52000! In this /anner" whether the lin9
perfor/ane degrades to the threshold an .e deteted!
%+#+2+0 -ault 5ocatin
The $-4 entity trans/its the faults (inluding lin9 faults" dying gasps" ritial e0ents)
deteted .y the loal end o0er the flag field defined .y the $-4P,5 to the re/ote end! In
this way" the fault notifiation is reali8ed!
Principles
Chen faults are deteted in the reei0e diretion at the port" suh as fi.er .rea9s" optial
/odule /is/ath and e;essi0ely high optial power" the IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool is
infor/ed of these faults through the hardware /odule! Then the protool /odifies .its 0-2
that orrespond to the flag field of the $-4P,5! In this way" the D0ent 'otifiation
$-4P,5s are onstruted and trans/itted to the opposite e6uip/ent! -ording to the flag
fields of the $-4P5,s" the opposite e6uip/ent an he9 whether faults our at the
opposite entity and what fault types are! =ased on the results" the opposite e6uip/ent reports
the fault alar/s! In this way" the fault loating is reali8ed!
Copyright Huawei
AB1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-unction
-fter the IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool is ena.led at a physial port on an Dthernet ser0ie
proessing .oard" it is 9nown that a lin9 fault ours in the reei0e diretion of the opposite
e6uip/ent if the loal end reports a fault alar/!
%+#+2+2 Remote 5oopbac,
The $-4 entity at the loal end trans/its a #oop.a9 Control $-4P,5 to the re/ote
$-4 entity for applying for a loop.a9! =ased on loop.a9 data analysis" fault loating and
lin9 perfor/ane tests are perfor/ed!
Principles
-s shown in +igure 2-12" when the Code field of the $-4P,5 is 0;0@" it indiates that the
$-4P,5 is a #oop.a9 Control $-4P,5 and is used for loop.a9 tests!
Figure 1.1 Pa9et for/at of a #oop.a9 Control $-4P,5
88-09
0303
030B
01-80-c2-00-00-02
,en)t/'#pe
Su$t#pe
F(a)s
Co!e
FCS
Destination .!!ress
Source .!!ress
2
1
2
1
1IB1
B
D
D
LOOPBACK
CONTROL OAMPDU
Data/:a!
R e " o t e , o o p $ a c - C o " " a n ! 0301 1
R e " o t e , o o p $ a c - C o " " a n ! 0302 1
Octets Fie(!s
Fi3e!
Va(ues
ENABLE REMOTE
LOOPBACK COMMAND
DISABLE REMOTE
LOOPBACK COMMAND
The loop.a9 trans/it end trans/its a #oop.a9 Control $-4P,5 to the opposite end first!
-fter reei0ing the $-4P,5" the opposite end he9s whether it an respond to a re/ote
loop.a9! If it an respond to a re/ote loop.a9" the opposite end enters the re/ote loop.a9
response state and trans/its a response pa9et to the end that initiates the loop.a9!
-fter reei0ing the response pa9et fro/ the response end" the trans/it end analy8es the
pa9et to onfir/ that the opposite end is in a loop.a9 response state! Then" the trans/it end
starts the loop.a9! In this way" the whole proess of loop.a9 initiation is o/plete!
,uring the entire loop.a9" the trans/it trails of the data pa9ets are /ar9ed .y arrows in the
+igure 2-13!
Copyright Huawei
AB2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.2 Trans/it trails of the data pa9ets
Loa"
C(ient
,,C
>.C C'R,
>.C
RS
:CS
:>.
:>D
>5D20>
O.>
0e)ote
C(ient
,,C
>.C C'R,
>.C
RS
:CS
:>.
:>D
>5D20>
O.>
T7 07 T7 07
Port that initiates the loop.a97
Trans/it diretion7 Trans/its all 9inds of pa9ets" inluding $-4 protool pa9ets and
data ser0ie pa9ets!
2eei0e diretion7 D;trats only the $-4 protool pa9ets and disards other pa9ets!
Port that responds to the loop.a97
2eei0e diretion7 Trans/its all pa9ets" e;luding the $-4 protool pa9ets" .a9 to
its trans/it end!
Trans/it diretion7 Trans/its only the pa9ets that are looped .a9 in the reei0e
diretion!
,uring the loop.a9" the $-4 protool pa9ets are trans/itted and reei0ed nor/ally at .oth the
loop.a9 initiation end and loop.a9 response end!
-unction
The loop.a9 is a /ethod to loate the faults and test the perfor/ane! Co/pare the nu/.er
of trans/itted pa9ets with that of looped-.a9 pa9ets! The result an .e used to detet lin9
perfor/ane and lin9 faults .idiretionally fro/ the loop.a9 initiation end to the loop.a9
response end!
%+#+2+4 Sel8'5oop Test
Chen the self-loop test is ena.led on the Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oard" you an detet
the self-loop state at one port! That is" a fi.er is onneted fro/ the trans/it end to the reei0e
end at one port! 4oreo0er" you an detet the intra-.oard loop.a9 fro/ the trans/it port to
Copyright Huawei
AB3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
the reei0e port on the sa/e .oard! Chen pre0ious two self-loops are deteted" an alar/ is
reported! In this ase" you an .lo9 the port where the self-loop ours!
Principles
The self-loop test is a funtion de0eloped .y Huawei on the .asis of the IDDD *02!3ah
protool! =y testing and .lo9ing the self-loop port" you an sol0e the port loop.a9
pro.le/s!
&elf-loop test pa9ets are onstruted as IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool pa9ets! The pa9et
type is set to the reser0ation type B! The first eight signifiant reser0ed .its in the flag field are
used to arry the I, of the trans/it port!
Chen the self-loop test is ena.led at a port" the speified self-loop he9 pa9ets are
trans/itted fro/ the port! $ne pa9et is trans/itted e0ery seond!
Chen a port reei0es the self-loop he9 pa9ets" it o/pares the soure 4-C address
arried in the pa9et with its own 4-C address! If the 4-C addresses are the sa/e" it
indiates that the loal port and the opposite port are loated on the sa/e Dthernet ser0ie
proessing .oard! Then" it o/pares the I,s of the two ports! If the I,s are the sa/e" it
indiates that the two ports are the sa/e port! That is" this loop.a9 is a self-loop! If the I,s
are different" it indiates that this loop.a9 is an intra-.oard self-loop!
-unction
-fter the self-loop test funtion is ena.led at all ports on the e6uip/ent" a ring networ9 an .e
deteted if it ours during networ9ing" and speifi alar/s are reported! In addition" if the
shutdown on self-loop funtion is ena.led at a port" the protool auto/atially shuts down the
port if a self-loop ours at the port!
%+#+4 Net7or,in and Application
DTH $-4 appliation is .ased on the IDDD *02!1ag protool and the IDDD *02!3ah protool!
The o/.ined appliation of two protools pro0ides a o/plete Dthernet $-4 solution!
%+#+4+# 3vervie7
IDDD *02!1ag $-4 fouses on end-to-end Dthernet lin9 $-4 for ser0ies" while IDDD
*02!3ah $-4 fouses on point-to-point Dthernet lin9 $-4 (Here refer to the lient side
rather than the networ9 side)!
+igure 2-1@ shows the appliation of IDDD *02!1ag $-4 and IDDD *02!3ah $-4!
Copyright Huawei
AB@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of IDDD *02!1ag $-4 and IDDD *02!3ah $-4
Core ,a#er
:51
C5B
:52
C53
:
:
:
:
C5
1
Router3
.ccess ,a#er
.ccess ,a#er
Custo" ,a#er
Custo" ,a#er
Router1
Router2
2555
802*3a
2555
802*3a
C52
OptiX N5
2555 802*1a)
The appliation of IDDD *02!1ag $-4 is .ased on ser0ies! It reali8es the end-to-end
Dthernet lin9 /aintenane on the .asis of eah /aintenane do/ain! It is /ainly used for
'D CD and 'D PD!
The IDDD *02!3ah $-4 appliation does not fous on the speifi ser0ie" .ut fouses
on the end-to-end Dthernet lin9 /aintenane .etween two diretly-onneted e6uip/ent
in the first /ile (D+4)! It is /ainly used for 'D CD and data o//uniation e6uip/ent!
+or e;a/ple" the Dthernet ser0ie .etween router1 and router3 in0ol0es 'Ds CD1" PD1" P"
PD2" and CD3 in trans/ission!
$n the pre/ise that router1 supports the IDDD *02!3ah $-4 protool" IDDD *02!3ah $-4
an .e used to test the end-to-end Dthernet lin9 ontinuity and perfor/ane fro/ lient-side
router1 to 'D CD1 at the aess-layer!
IDDD *02!1ag $-4 an .e used to test the ontinuity and perfor/ane of end-to-end
Dthernet lin9s where the ser0ie is arried fro/ 'D CD1 at the aess layer and 'D CD3!
In ter/s of the /aintenane do/ain" +igure 2-1@ desri.es two /ain appliation senarios of
IDDD *02!1ag $-4!
4aintenane do/ain related to users at the aess layer7 Create 4DPs on 'D CD1 and
'D CD3 at two ends of the networ9" and reate 4IPs on 'D PD1 and 'D PD2! In this
way" all lin9s where the usto/er ser0ies are arried in the entire Dthernet an .e
deteted!
4aintenane do/ain related to operators at the ore layer7 Create 4DPs on 'D PD1 and
'D PD2! In this way" the lin9 6uality at the aess side an .e negleted and the networ9
of arriers is foused on!
%+#+4+% Application o8 I::: 1"%+#a 3A.
IDDD *02!1ag $-4 is a test /ethod that fouses on the speifi ser0ie" whih is /ainly
used for 'D CD and 'D PD that are in0ol0ed in Dthernet ser0ie trans/ission! IDDD *02!1ag
$-4 is applia.le to three typial Dthernet ser0ie /odes7 DP#" D1P# and DP#-'!
Copyright Huawei
AB(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-s shown in +igure 2-1(" the D1P# (EinE) ser0ie /ode is onsidered as a pratial e;a/ple
to introdue the appliation of IDDD *02!1ag $-4!
Figure 1.1 D1P# (EinE) ser0ie /ode
CE$
CB/LAN
+E&
+&
Networ* A
SB/LANBA& CB/LAN
SB/LANBA$ CB/LAN
+$
+E$
Networ* 3
SB/LANB3&
SB/LANB3$ CB/LAN
CB/LAN
CB/LAN
CE&
CE'
CB/LAN
CE5
CB/LAN
OptiA NE
CD1-CD@ refer to the e6uip/ent at the aess e6uip/ent! The pa9ets that are trans/itted in
the operator networ9 ontain CH1#-' la.els!
1! Chen these pa9ets are trans/itted to the operator networ9 (PD e6uip/ent) in the
uplin9" the &H1#-' la.els defined .y the operator are added to the pa9ets for ser0ie
groo/ing!
2! Chen ser0ie pa9ets are trans/itted fro/ one operator networ9 to the other operator
networ9" the &H1#-' la.els are replaed .y the &H1#-' la.els defined .y the later
operator!
3! Chen ser0ie pa9ets are trans/itted fro/ the operator networ9 to the lient-side
e6uip/ent in the downlin9" the &H1#-' la.els are stripped! -t this /o/ent" the re/ote
trans/ission is o/plete!
The ser0ie trans/ission in0ol0es the e6uip/ent CD1-CD@ at the aess side" operator
networ9 - and operators networ9 =! These entities ha0e different re6uire/ent on the DTH
$-4!
Dah operator needs to fous on $-4 in own networ9 seg/ents respeti0ely and not
fous on networ9 seg/ents of peer operator!
Copyright Huawei
ABB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The user at the aess side ares whether the ser0ie an .e trans/itted to the
destination! In this ase" the whole lin9 state need .e deteted!
-s shown in +igure 2-1B" /ultiple /aintenane do/ains that are .ased on 0arious 1#-'
0alues are esta.lished! In this way" re6uire/ents of operators and users at the aess side an
.e /eet!
Figure 1.2 4aintenane do/ains .ased on 0arious 1#-' 0alues
Le(e" : %,$
Le(e" : ',C
CJV,.N
>ai ntenance !o"ain 1
>5:1 >5:2
C51/C52
C53/C5B
>ai ntenance !o"ai n 2
>5:3 >5:B
:51 :1
SJV,.NJ.1
>ai ntenance !o"ai n B
>5:7 >5:8
:2 :52
SJV,.NJ71
>ai ntenance !o"ai n 3
>5:5 >5:D
SJV,.NJ.2
>ai ntenance !o"ain 5
>5:9
SJV,.NJ72
>5:10
5ser at the aess side7 esta.lish /aintenane do/ain 1 that is .ased on the CH1#-'
0alue .etween aess side e6uip/ent CDs at two ends of trans/ission networ9 -s
/aintenane do/ain 1 o0ers /aintenane do/ains 2-( of the networ9 operator" its
/aintenane point le0el /ust .e higher than le0els of /aintenane do/ains 2-(! In this
way" the $-4 pa9ets of /aintenane do/ain 1 are not interrupted .y 4DPs of
/aintenane do/ains 2-(!
$perator networ9 -7 'etwor9 - arries two ser0ie traffis7 &1#-'H-1 and
&1#-'H-2! =y esta.lishing /utually independent /aintenane do/ains 2 and 3"
networ9 - an /anage two ser0ie traffis respeti0ely! The two /aintenane do/ains
replae the CH1#-' la.el with the &H1#-' la.el!
$perator networ9 =7 'etwor9 = arries two ser0ie traffis7 &H1#-'H=1 and
&H1#-'H=2! =y esta.lishing /utually independent /aintenane do/ains @ and ("
networ9 = an /anage two ser0ie traffis respeti0ely! The two /aintenane do/ains
suppress the CH1#-' la.el and ta9e the &H1#-' la.el as the identifier!
-s Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oards of $pti% series e6uip/ent pro0ide the DTH $-4
funtion" /aintenane do/ains @ and ( are .ased on the &H1#-' la.els! +or ser0ie traffis
that ha0e /ultiple 1#-' layers" only the /ost e;ternal la.el is identified! Thus" the /ost
e;ternal la.el is ta9en as the 1#-' of a ser0ie traffi!
The layer /anage/ent priniple defines that the higher /anage/ent do/ain an ross the
lower /anage/ent do/ain" .ut the lower /anage/ent do/ain annot ross the higher
/anage/ent do/ain! In this ase" the le0el of /aintenane do/ain 1 /ust .e higher than
le0els of other /aintenane do/ains! +or /aintenane do/ains 2-(" they an .e set to the
Copyright Huawei
AB3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
sa/e le0el .eause their do/ains do not o0erlap! +or e;a/ple" /aintenane do/ains 2 and @
are in the sa/e le0el" and /aintenane do/ains 3 and ( are in the sa/e le0el! -s /aintenane
do/ains 2-( arry different &H1#-' la.els" they ha0e no i/pat on eah other!
%+#+4+& Application o8 I::: 1"%+&ah 3A.
IDDD *02!3ah $-4 is not applied to speifi ser0ies! The appliation of IDDD *02!3ah
$-4 fouses on the /aintenane of the point-to-point Dthernet lin9 .etween two sets of
e6uip/ent that are diretly onneted to eah other with fi.ers or networ9 a.les!
-s shown in +igure 1-13(" IDDD *02!3ah $-4 is /ainly applied to CD 'Ds and data
o//uniation e6uip/ent that are diretly onneted!
$n the Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oards" IDDD *02!3ah $-4 is only applied to e;ternal
physial ports" and $-4P,5 pa9ets annot .e forwarded .y syste/-side 1CT25'Gs! &ee
+igure 2-13!
Figure 1.1 -ppliation range of IDDD *02!3ah $-4
OptiA NE
>.C VCG
Board
>.C VCG
Board
:#sica( connection
OA-+DU
inter%or-in) a/ai(a$(e
OA-+DU inter%or-in) una/ai(a$(e
%+#+* Con6urin I::: 1"%+#a 3A.
This setion desri.es the proedure for onfiguring the IDDD *02!1ag $-4 on the '4&!
%+#+*+# Creatin an .D
4aintenane do/ain (4,) defines the range and le0el of Dthernet $-4! 4,s of different
ranges and le0els an pro0ide differential $-4 ser0ies for users!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet ser0ie /ust .e onfigured!
Copyright Huawei
AB*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer interfae" selet the Dthernet .oard! Choose Cofiguratio > Et$eret
Maiteace > Et$eret %er&ice OAM fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % In the right-hand pane" li9 OAM Cofiguratio to display the OAM Cofiguratio dialog
.o;!
In this user interfae" you an /aintain or delete $-4 4,s!
Step & Cli9 New and selet Create M, fro/ the drop-down list!
Step 0 In the New Maiteace ,omai dialog .o; displayed" onfigure the orresponding
para/eters!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/! The $peration 2esult dialog .o; is displayed telling you that the operation was
suessful!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
%+#+*+% Creatin an .A
- /aintenane do/ain (4,) an .e di0ided into se0eral independent /aintenane
assoiations (4-)! =y reating 4-s" operators an assoiate speifi Dthernet ser0ies with
the 4-s for easy Dthernet $-4 operation!
PrereBuisites
The 4, /ust .e reated!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer interfae" selet the orresponding .oard! Choose Cofiguratio >
Et$eret Maiteace > Et$eret %er&ice OAM fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 OAM Cofiguratio in the right window to display the OAM Cofiguratio dialog
.o;!
In this user interfae" you an reate or delete /aintenane -ssoiation (4-s)!
Step & Cli9 New" and seletCreate MA fro/ the drop-down list!
Copyright Huawei
ABA
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Step 0 In the dialog .o; of New Maiteace Associatio displayed" onfigure the $-4
para/eters!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/! The $peration 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation was
suessful!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
%+#+*+& Creatin .Ps
Oou /ust reate /aintenane points (4Ps) .efore e;euting the Dthernet $-4 operations!
PrereBuisites
4aintenane points are reated .ased on ser0ie flows! -ll the /aintenane points that are of
the sa/e le0el and on the sa/e ser0ie flow for/ a /aintenane do/ain to reali8e the
/aintenane of the ser0ie flow! The /aintenane do/ain of a /aintenane point is
deter/ined when the /aintenane point is reated!
In a networ9" the I, of a /aintenane point is uni6ue and /aintenane points are not
allowed to ha0e the sa/e I,!
In a /aintenane do/ain" the /aintenane points /ust ha0e the sa/e le0el and the sa/e
1#-' I,!
Precautions
In an $-4 test" all /aintenane points that are in0ol0ed in the operating of the sa/e ser0ie flow /ust
.e in the sa/e /aintenane do/ain! In an e;isting /aintenane do/ain in0ol0ed in the sa/e ser0ie
flow" reating a /aintenane point of the sa/e le0el or a higher le0el /ay da/age the e;isting
/aintenane do/ain! -s a result" the $-4 test fails!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet an Dthernet .oard and hoose Cofiguratio > Et$eret
Step % Cli9 New and the Create M) dialog .o; is displayed! Co/plete the infor/ation!
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'!AN 1,7 #ea0e this field .lan9 for P$2T ser0ies! +or P$2TL1#-' ser0ies" set the 1#-' I,
of the ser0ies to .e /onitored!
%er&ice ,irectio7 $nly 4DPs ha0e the diretions! &et the diretion fro/ the e;ternal physial port
to the syste/-side 1CT25'G port as the &,H diretion" and fro/ the syste/-side 1CT25'G port
to the e;ternal physial port as the IP diretion! 4IPs an only .e set as .idiretional!
Step & O-tioal= Cli9 Ad&aced! In the dialog .o; displayed" set the orresponding para/eters
and li9 OK!
If an 4DP is reated" you an hoose whether to perfor/ the following onfiguration!
-ti0ate the CC and onfigure the sending period of the CC test!
&et the ti/eout ti/e for the #= or #T test!
Step 0 Cli9 OK! - pro/pt appears telling you that the operation was suessful! Cli9 Close to
finish the operation!
....Ed
%+#+*+0 Per8ormin a Continuity Chec,
Oou an perfor/ a onseuti0e he9 (CC) on Dthernet ser0ies to he9 the onneti0ity of
ser0ies for loating and handling faults!
PrereBuisites
The 4DP /ust .e reated!
,uring the CC he9" the soure 4DP onstruts and trans/its CC fra/es periodially!
The destination 4DP reei0es the CC fra/es and starts the CC he9! If the destination
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4DP does not reei0e the CC fra/es fro/ the soure within a speified period of ti/e
(for e;a/ple" 3!( ti/es the trans/it period)" the 4DP auto/atially reports the
D%HDTH$-4HCCH#$& alar/!
>5:1 >5:1 >5:2 >5:3 >5:B
>5:2
Perfor/ing a CC he9 does not affet the ser0ie!
Precautions
In the ase of the standard /aintenane point" ena.le the CC funtion for the
interonneted ends! This restrition does not e;ist on the /aintenane point of Huawei!
$nly the 4DP an ena.le the CC and funtion as the reei0e responding end for the he9!
Procedure
Step % &elet the node that you want to /onitor" li9 OAM O-eratio and selet Acti&ate CC! -
pro/pt appears telling you that the operation was suessful! Cli9 Close!
=efore you perfor/ the he9" set an appropriate CCM %edig )eriod 3ms4 as re6uired!
....Ed
%+#+*+2 Per8ormin a 5oopbac, Chec,
Oou an perfor/ a loop.a9 (#=) he9 on Dthernet ser0ies without interrupting ser0ies to
he9 the onneti0ity of the ser0ies for loating and handling faults!
PrereBuisites
The soure and sin9 4DPs and 4IPs in the sa/e /aintenane do/ain /ust .e reated!
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,uring the #= he9" the soure 4DP onstruts and trans/its #=4 fra/es and starts the
ti/er! If the sin9 4DP reei0es the #=4 fra/es" it sends the #=2 fra/es .a9 to the soure
4DP! This indiates that the loop.a9 is suessful! If the soure 4DP ti/er ti/es out" it
indiates that the loop.a9 fails!
>5:1 >5:1 >5:2 >5:3 >5:B
>5:2
N5 . N5 7 N5 C
,7>
,7R
Precautions
$nly an 4DP an initiate an #= he9! Dither an 4DP or an 4IP an funtion as the reei0e
end for the #= he9!
Procedure
Step % &elet the node that you want to /onitor" li9 OAM O-eratio and selet %tart !B! The
!B Test dialog .o; is displayed!
2ight-li9 a node and hoose %tart !B! The !B Test dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & Dnter the #= test soure /aintenane point I, and sin9 /aintenane point I,!
Step 0 Cli9 %tart !B and the he9 result is displayed!
=efore you perfor/ the he9" set an appropriate !B Timeout3ms4 as re6uired!
Step 2 Cli9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
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%+#+*+4 Per8ormin a 5in, Trace Chec,
Oou an perfor/ a lin9 trae (#T) he9 on Dthernet ser0ies to he9 the 4IP infor/ation in
the lin9 for loating and handling faults!
PrereBuisites
The soure and sin9 4DPs and 4IPs in the sa/e /aintenane do/ain /ust .e reated!
,uring the #T he9" the soure 4DP onstruts and trans/its #T4 fra/es and starts
the ti/er! -ll the 4Ps that reei0e the #T4 fra/es send the #T2 fra/e response!
-ording to the #T2 fra/e response" you an 0erify all the 4IPs that pass fro/ the
soure 4DP to the destination 4DP!
>5:1 >5:1 >5:2 >5:3 >5:B
>5:2
N5 . N5 7 N5 C
,'> ,'>
,'>
,'> ,'>
,'>
,'R
,'R ,'R ,'R
Perfor/ing an #T he9 does not affet the ser0ie!
Precautions
$nly an 4DP an initiate or ter/inate an #T he9!
Procedure
Step % &elet the node that you want to /onitor" li9 OAM O-eratio and selet %tart !T! The !T
Test dialog .o; is displayed!
2ight-li9 a node and hoose %tart !T! The !T Test dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & Dnter the #T test soure /aintenane point I, and sin9 /aintenane point I,!
Step 0 Cli9 %tart !T and the he9 result is displayed!
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=efore you perfor/ the he9" set an appropriate !T Timeout3ms4 as re6uired!
....Ed
%+#+*+* Per8ormin a Pin Test
In the ping test" -2P and IC4P #ayer 3 protool pa9ets are used to test the onneti0ity"
pa9et loss ratio and delay ti/e .etween Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oards and data
o//uniation e6uip/ent (suh as the swith or router)!
PrereBuisites
The $-4 /aintenane node /ust .e reated on the Dthernet .oard" and the node type
/ust .e 4DP!
The 4DP that initiates a ping test /ust .e reated on an e;ternal physial port!
The T-< attri.ute of the e;ternal physial port where the 4DP is loated /ust .e
Access!
The ping test an .e initiated only fro/ the Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oard to the
interonneted data o//uniation e6uip/ent!
The ping test is perfor/ed in the diretion fro/ the .oard to whih the 4DP .elongs to
the interonneted data o//uniation e6uip/ent of the .oard!
- legal IP address is alloated to the 4DP" and the IP addresses of the 4DP and the
interonneted data o//uniation e6uip/ent /ust .e in the sa/e networ9 seg/ent!
Perfor/ing a ping test does not affet the ser0ie!
Procedure
Step % O-tioal= Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery $-4 infor/ation fro/ the 'D! Cli9 Close in the
O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
Step & &elet a node" li9 OAM O-eratio and selet %tart )ig! The )ig Test window is
displayed!
To display the )ig Test window" you an also right-li9 a node and hoose %tart )ig fro/ the
shortut /enu!
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Step 0 &et %ed Mode!
Burst Mode" you need to set Frame !egt$" Timeout" and )ig Attem-ts!
If you selet Cotiue Mode" you need to set Frame !egt$" and Timeout!
Step 2 In the 1) Address Cofiguratio area" set ,estiatio 1) Address and !ocal 1) Address!
The 0alue entered in !ocal 1) Address is the IP address of the loal /aintenane point!
&et legal IP addresses for !ocal 1) Address and ,estiatio 1) Address and /a9e sure that the two
IP addresses in the sa/e networ9 seg/ent!
Step 4 Cli9 %tart )ig and 0iew the returned result in the ,etail pane!
....Ed
%+#+*+1 Per8ormin Per8ormance Detection
Perfor/ane detetion ena.les the user to perfor/ in-ser0ie tests for pa9et loss ratio and
lateny .ased on the ontinuity he9 for the lin9 .etween the 4Ps on the Dthernet ser0ie
proessing .oards!
PrereBuisites
The soure and sin9 4DPs" and 4IPs in the sa/e /aintenane do/ain /ust .e reated!
The soure /aintenane point that initiates a perfor/ane test /ust .e an 4DP! The sin9
/aintenane point that responds to the perfor/ane test an .e an 4DP or 4IP!
Perfor/ing perfor/ane detetion does not affet the ser0ie!
Procedure
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Step % O-tioal= Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery $-4 infor/ation fro/ the 'D! Cli9 Close in the
Step & &elet a node" li9 OAM O-eratio and selet )erformace ,etect! The )erformace
,etect window is displayed!
To display the )erformace ,etect window" you an also right-li9 a node and hoose )erformace
,etect fro/ the shortut /enu!
Step 0 &et %ed Mode!
Burst Mode" you need to set Frame !egt$" Timeout" and ,etect Attem-ts!
If you selet Cotiue Mode" you need to set Frame !egt$" and Timeout!
Step 2 In the Maiteace )oit area" set %ource M) 1, and ,estiatio M) 1,!
Step 4 Cli9 %tart ,etect and 0iew the returned result in the ,etail pane!
....Ed
%+#+1 Con6urin I::: 1"%+&ah 3A.
This setion desri.es the proedure for onfiguring the IDDD *02!3ah $-4 on the '4&!
%+#+1+# :nablin the Auto'Discovery -unction o8 I:::
1"%+&ah 3A.
The $-4 auto-diso0ery ser0es as a .asis to reali8e the lin9 perfor/ane /onitoring" fault
detetion and re/ote loop.a9!
PrereBuisites
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The $-4 /ode inludes the ati0e /ode and the passi0e /ode! +or two interonneted
syste/s" the $-4 /ode of one syste/ /ust .e the ati0e /ode! $therwise" the $-4
auto-diso0ery fails!
If the $-4 /odes of the two syste/s are .oth passi0e /odes" a lin9 fault ours" or one
syste/ fails to reei0e the $-4 protool /essage in fi0e seonds" an alar/ is reported"
indiating that the $-4 auto-diso0ery fails!
Procedure
Maiteace > Et$eret )ort OAM fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 the OAM )arameter ta." &et OAM "or*ig Mode! In the Eable OAM )rotocol
drop-down list" selet Eabled!
Step & Cli9 A--l/! The $peration 2esult dialog .o; is displayed telling you that the operation was
Step 0 Cli9 the 2emote OAM )arameter ta.! Cli9 +uer/!
Step 2 The $peration 2esult dialog .o; is displayed telling you that the operation was suessful!
Cli9 Close!
....Ed
%+#+1+% Con6urin the Remote Alarm Support 8or 5in,
:vent
To report the lin9 fault e0ent and lin9 perfor/ane e0ent to the opposite e6uip/ent" the
apa.ility of re/ote alar/ support for the lin9 e0ent /ust .e pro0ided on the loal end!
PrereBuisites
4a9e sure that the $-4 auto-diso0ery sueeds!
Chen the $-4 auto-diso0ery sueeds at the two ends" the lin9 fault detetion and
perfor/ane detetion are auto/atially started!
To report the deteted lin9 fault e0ent to the opposite e6uip/ent" 2emote Alarm
%u--ort for !i* E&et /ust .e set to Eabled for the loal e6uip/ent!
To report the deteted lin9 fault e0ent to the opposite e6uip/ent" the following
operations /ust .e perfor/ed for the loal e6uip/ent!
N &et 2emote Alarm %u--ort for !i* E&et to Eabled!
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N &et Error Frame )eriod "idow 3Frame4 and Error Frame Moitor T$res$old!
-fter 2emote Alarm %u--ort for !i* E&et is set to Eabled at the opposite port" if the
opposite end detets lin9 perfor/ane degradation" you an 6uery the DTH$-4H24TH&,
alar/ " whih is reported on the loal end" .y using the 52000! =ased on the alar/" you an
deter/ine the type of the lin9 perfor/ane e0ent!
-fter 2emote Alarm %u--ort for !i* E&et is set to Eabled at the opposite port" if the
opposite e6uip/ent detets a lin9 fault e0ent or enounters a fault that /a9es the e6uip/ent
fail to .e restored (suh as a power failure)" you an 6uery the
DTH$-4H24THC2ITH+-5#T alar/" whih is reported at the loal end" .y using the
52000! =ased on the alar/" you an deter/ine the fault type!
Procedure
Maiteace > Et$eret )ort OAM!
Step % Cli9 the OAM )arameter ta.! &et 2emote Alarm %u--ort for !i* E&et to Eabled!
Step & Cli9 A--l/" the $peration 2esult dialog .o; is displayed telling you that the operation was
....Ed
%+#+1+& Settin 3A. :rror -rame .onitorin Parameters
Oou an set the error fra/e /onitoring para/eters to usto/i8e the threshold of lin9
perfor/ane and to /onitor lin9 perfor/ane!
PrereBuisites
The IDDD *02!3ah $-4 funtion /ust .e ena.led on the re/ote e6uip/ent! In addition"
the auto/ati $-4 diso0ery of the two ends /ust .e suessful!
-fter the $-4 auto-diso0ery sueeds" set Drror +ra/e Period Cindow (+ra/e) and Drror
+ra/e 4onitor Threshold" and set 2e/ote -lar/ &upport for #in9 D0ent to Dna.led for the
loal e6uip/ent! If the loal e6uip/ent detets a lin9 e0ent in the reei0e diretion" it infor/s
the opposite e6uip/ent of the lin9 e0ent! If the re/ote alar/ for the lin9 e0ent is also
supported on the opposite end" the opposite e6uip/ent an also infor/ the loal e6uip/ent of
the lin9 e0ent that is deteted on the side of the opposite end! Then" the DTH$-4H24TH&,
alar/ is reported on the loal end" pro/pting the /aintenane personnel to handle the lin9
e0ent!
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Procedure
Maiteace > Et$eret )ort OAM fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the OAM Error Frame
Moitor ta.!
Step % &elet a port and set the error fra/e /onitoring para/eters!
Step & Cli9 A--l/! - pro/pt appears indiating that the operation was suessful! Cli9 Close!
....Ed
%+#+1+0 Con6urin the Remote 5oopbac,
$n the loal e6uip/ent" the e;ternal physial port of the Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oard
an re6uest the interonneted e6uip/ent to perfor/ the loop.a9! =y analy8ing the loop.a9
data" the loal e6uip/ent an reali8e the fault loating and the lin9 perfor/ane detetion!
PrereBuisites
4a9e sure that the $-4 auto-diso0ery sueeds!
+or the e6uip/ent where the loop.a9 is initiated" OAM "or*ig Mode /ust .e set to
Acti&e!
The e6uip/ent that responds to the loop.a9 /ust ha0e the apa.ility of supporting the
re/ote loop.a9!
If a port is apa.le of responding to loop.a9s" it enters the 2espond #oop.a9 of
2e/ote state and reports the loop.a9 responding alar/ when reei0ing the o//and of
ena.ling the re/ote loop.a9 funtion sent fro/ the opposite $-4 port! In this ase" the
e6uip/ent that initiates the loop.a9 enters the initiate loop.a9 at loal state and
reports the loop.a9 initiating alar/!
If the port reei0es the o//and of disa.ling the re/ote loop.a9 funtion sent .y the
opposite $-4 port" it e;its fro/ the respond loop.a9 of re/ote state and ends the
loop.a9 responding alar/! In the /eanti/e" the e6uip/ent that initiates the loop.a9
ends the loop.a9 initiating alar/!
-fter the re/ote loop.a9 funtion is ena.led" nor/ally" ser0ie pa9ets" e;ept the
$-4P,5" are looped .a9 at the re/ote end!
-fter using the re/ote loop.a9 funtion to o/plete the fault loating and the lin9
perfor/ane detetion" you should disa.le the re/ote loop.a9 funtion at the end
where the loop.a9 is initiated and then restore the ser0ies! -t this ti/e" the alar/ is
auto/atially leared!
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Procedure
Maiteace > Et$eret )ort OAM!
Step % Cli9 the OAM )arameter ta.! &elet the port that needs to initiate a loop.a9" and hoose
Eable 2emote !oo-bac* fro/ the drop-down list of OAM!
Step & Cli9 A--l/! - pro/pt appears indiating that the operation was suessful! Cli9 Close in
the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
%+#+1+2 Con6urin the Sel8'5oop Detection and the 5oop
Port Shutdo7n
-fter the self-loop detetion funtion is ena.led for the Dthernet proessing .oard" the self-
loop ondition wherein the fi.er or the a.le in the trans/it diretion of an e;ternal physial
port is onneted to the port that is in the reei0e diretion of the e;ternal physial port an .e
deteted!
PrereBuisites
-ll the e;ternal physial ports of the Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oard are ena.led!
Chen the self-loop detetion is ena.led for an e;ternal physial port" if the self-loop
situation ours at the port" the DTH$-4H&D#+H#$$P alar/ is reported!
Chen the DTH$-4H&D#+H#$$P is generated" the rele0ant e;ternal physial port or
syste/-side 1CT25'G port is in the self-loop status!
N If you ena.le the loop port shutdown funtion for the port on the 52000" ser0ies at
the port are interrupted!
N If you disa.le the loop port shutdown funtion for the port on the 52000" the
.roadast stor/ /ay our!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet an Dthernet .oard and hoose Cofiguratio > Et$eret 1terface
Maagemet > Et$eret 1terface!
Step % Configure the e;ternal physial port!
1! &elet Exteral )ort! Cli9 the Ad&aced Attributes ta.!
2! O-tioal= &et !oo- )ort %$utdow to Eabled for the e;ternal physial port that is
in0ol0ed in a loop!
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3! &et !oo- ,etectio to Eabled!
@! Cli9 A--l/! - pro/pt appears indiating that the operation was suessful! Cli9 Close
in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
%+#+/ Troubleshootin 8or the 5) Test -ailure
This setion onsiders an #= test failure as an e;a/ple to desri.e the general proedure for
trou.leshooting an DTH $-4 fault!
-ault Symptom
Co//on fault pheno/ena are listed as follows!
#= test failure
IDDD *02!3ah $-4 auto-diso0ery failure (the DTH$-4H,I&C$1D2H+-I# alar/ is
reported)
2e/ote se0ere failure (the DTH$-4H24THC2ITH+-5#T alar/ is reported at the loal
end)
2e/ote lin9 Dthernet perfor/ane degradation (the DTH$-4H24TH&, alar/ is
reported at the loal end)
This dou/ent only desri.es how to handle the #= test failure! +or the handling of other
three faults" refer to the "aintenance Guide!
Possible Causes
Possi.le auses of the #= test failure are listed as follows!
The e;ternal physial port where the /aintenane point resides is not ena.led!
1alues of )ort T/-e of the ports where the sin9 and soure /aintenane points reside are
inonsistent!
Chen 0alues of )ort T/-e of the ports where the sin9 and soure /aintenane points
reside are 5'I or PD" the T-< flags are inonsistent!
The 1#-' I, of the /aintenane points is inonsistent with the 1#-' I, of the
ser0ie!
The le0el of the soure /aintenane point is inonsistent with the le0el of the sin9
/aintenane point!
4DPs or 4IPs of a higher le0el e;ist .etween the soure and sin9 /aintenane points!
The Dthernet ser0ie is a unidiretional ser0ie!
The Dthernet ser0ie is interrupted!
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Troubleshootin -lo7
Figure 1.1 Trou.leshooting flow for the #= test failure
Kes
No
Start
5na$( e te e3terna(
p#si ca( port of te
>:
No
No
2s ,7 test
successfu(
2s ,7 test
successfu(
Kes
Kes
Kes
Refer to te
Mai ntenance Gui de
for te an!( i n)
2s ,7 test
successfu(
Kes
5ternet ser/i ce i s
i nterrupte!
5n!
No
No
Kes
.re '.G f( a)s
consi stent
No Kes
2s ,7 test
successfu(
>a-e te '.G f( a)s
consi stent
Kes
No
No
No
Kes
2s ,7 test
successfu(
>a-e te V,.N 2D
consi stent
No
No
No
Kes
2s ,7 test
successfu(
>a-e ( e/e( sof te
source an! si n- >:
consi stent
No
Kes
No
Kes
2s ,7 test
successfu(
De)ra!e te ( e/e( of
te >5:s or >2:s
Kes
2s te 5ternet ser/i ce
$i !i recti ona(
No
No
Kes
2s ,7 test
successfu(
Confi )ure te ser/i ce
as a $i !i recti ona(
5ternet ser/i ce
No
Contact &ua%ei
en)i neers
1
2
3
No
:ort t#pe of te port %ere te >: resi !es"a# $e i "proper( #
confi )ure!
1
2
>: attri $utes "a# $e i "proper( # confi )ure!
3 'e 5ternet ser/i ce "a# $e i nterrupte!
2 s
te e3terna(
p#si ca( port of te >:
ena$( e!
of te source an! si n- >:s
.re te
t#pes of te ports
consi stent
si n- >:s consi stent
>a-e te t#pes of te
ports of te source an!
an! or :5
:ort t#pe
of te portsof te
source si n- >:s i s 0N2
.re te
V,.N 2Ds of te
>:san! te ser/i ce
consi stent
.re
( e/e( s of te source
an! si n- >: consi stent
source an! si n-
.re
tere >5:s or >2:s
of a i )er ( e/e( $et%een te
>:s
Procedure
Step # Cause 17 The e;ternal physial port where the /aintenane point resides is not ena.led!
1! In the 4ain 1iew" right-li9 the desired 'D ion and hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the
shortut /enu!
2! In the 'a0igation tree" selet the desired Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oard! Choose
Cofiguratio > Et$eret 1terface Maagemet > Et$eret 1terface fro/ the
+untion Tree!
3! &elet Exteral )ort!
Copyright Huawei
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@! Cli9 the Basic Attributes ta.! Che9 whether Eabled0,isabled of the port where the
/aintenane point resides is Eabled!
Step % Cause 27 1alues of )ort T/-e of the ports where the sin9 and soure /aintenane points
reside are inonsistent!
1! &elet Exteral )ort or 1teral )ort!
2! Cli9 the Networ* Attributes ta.! Che9 whether the 0alues of )ort T/-e of the ports
are onsistent!
Step & Cause 37 Chen 0alues of )ort T/-e of the ports where the sin9 and soure /aintenane
points reside are 5'I or PD" the T-< flags are inonsistent!
1! Cli9 the TA9 Attributes ta.! Che9 whether the 0alues of TA9 of the ports are
onsistent!
The TA9 para/eter is 0alid only when the 0alue of )ort T/-e is 5'I or PD!
Step 0 Cause @7 The 1#-' I, of the /aintenane points is inonsistent with the 1#-' I, of the
ser0ie!
Cofiguratio > Et$eret Maiteace > Et$eret %er&ice OAM fro/ the +untion
Tree!
2! Cli9 +uer/ to he9 whether the 1#-' I, of the /aintenane points is onsistent with
the 1#-' I, of the ser0ie!
3! Cli9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
Step 2 Cause (7 The le0el of the soure /aintenane point is inonsistent with the le0el of the sin9
/aintenane point!
1! Cli9 +uer/ to he9 whether the le0el of the soure /aintenane point is inonsistent
with the le0el of the sin9 /aintenane point!
Step 4 Cause B7 4DPs or 4IPs of a higher le0el e;ist .etween the soure and sin9 /aintenane
points!
1! Cli9 +uer/ to he9 whether any 4DP or 4IP of a higher le0el e;ists .etween the
soure and sin9 /aintenane points!
Step * Cause 37 The Dthernet ser0ie is a unidiretional ser0ie!
Cofiguratio > Et$eret %er&ice fro/ the +untion Tree!
2! &elet Et$eret !ie %er&ice or Et$eret !AN %er&ice!
3! Cli9 +uer/ to he9 whether the Dthernet ser0ie is a unidiretional ser0ie!
The #= test is .ased on .idiretional Dthernet ser0ies!
@! Cli9 OK in the Cofirm dialog .o; that is displayed! Cli9 Close in the O-eratio
2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
Step 1 Cause *7 The Dthernet ser0ie is interrupted!
1! Che9 and handle the Dthernet ser0ie fault aording to the "aintenance Guide /anual!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
A*@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
%+#+#" Relevant Alarms and Per8ormance :vents
This topi desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are related to the DTH $-4
feature!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
DTH$-4H24TH#$$P Point-to-point Dthernet $-4 re/ote loop.a9
DTH$-4H24TH&, Point-to-point Dthernet $-4 re/ote Dthernet perfor/ane
degradation
DTH$-4H24THC2ITH+-
5#T
2e/ote ritial fault of point-to-point Dthernet $-4
DTH$-4H,I&C$1D2H+-I
#
Point-to-point Dthernet $-4 diso0ery failure
DTH$-4H&D#+H#$$P Point-to-point $-4 port loop
D%HDTH$-4HCCH#$& #oss of periodi ontinuity he9 pa9et
D%HDTH$-4H4PI,HC'+
#CT
4aintenane point onflit alar/
DTHHC+4H#$C #oss of onneti0ity alar/
DTHHC+4H4I&4D2<D Inorret onnetion alar/
DTHHC+4H2,I 2eei0e defet indiation of the opposite 4DP
DTHHC+4H5'D%PD2I Drror fra/e alar/
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to DTH $-4!
%+#+## :T! 3A. Con6uration Parameters $1"%+#a(
The e6uip/ent supports /ultiple test /ethods for the DTH $-4 (*02!1ag) funtion!
%+#+##+# :T! 3A. Parameters
=efore applying the DTH $-4 funtion" you need to set the para/eters" suh as 4P I,"
/aintenane point type" and CC status" for onfiguring the DTH $-4!
Ta.le 2-B lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring the DTH $-4!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring the DTH $-4
'ode +or e;a/ple7 'D(A-
3001)-1-D+&*-P$2T1
,isplays the urrent node!
Copyright Huawei
A*(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1#-' I, +or e;a/ple7 1 ,isplays the 1#-' I, of the /onitored
ser0ie!
4DP I, 00-00-0001 to ++-++-
++00
0001
The ME) 1, 3Et$eret OAM4 speifies the
flag that uni6uely identifies a /aintenane
point! The .ytes fro/ higher .its to lower .its
are respeti0ely desri.ed here! The first .yte
indiates the networ9 nu/.er! The seond .yte
indiates the nu/.er of the node in the loal
networ9! The third and forth .ytes indiate the
I, of the /aintenane point on the networ9
node! The /aintenane point I, /ust .e uni6ue
in the entire networ9!
The /aintenane point I, /ust .e uni6ue in the
entire networ9! 4oreo0er" the 52000 an he9
whether the /aintenane point I, is dupliate!
Type 4DP" 4IP
,efault 0alue7 4DP
The Maiteace )oit T/-e 3Et$eret
OAM4 speifies the /aintenane point type
defined in IDDD *02!1ag! 4DP stands for
4aintenane assoiation Dnd Point" and 4IP
stands for 4aintenane assoiation Inter/ediate
Point!
#e0el Consu/er High(3)"
Consu/er 4iddle(B)"
Consu/er #ow(()"
Pro0ider High(@)"
Pro0ider #ow(3)"
$perator High(2)"
$perator 4iddle(1)"
$perator #ow(0)
,isplays the le0el of the $-4 fra/e if the 4,
or 4- is set to a 0alue rather than null! - larger
0alue indiates that the le0el is higher!
,iretion &,H" IP" =idiretional ,isplays the trans/ission diretion of $-4
fra/es!
In the ase of 4DP nodes" you an set this
para/eter to ?&,H? and ?IP?! In the ase of
4IP nodes" you an set this para/eter to
?=idiretional? only!
4, +or e;a/ple7 4,1 ,isplays the na/e of the 4,!
4- +or e;a/ple7 4-1 ,isplays the na/e of the 4-!
CC &tatus -ti0ate" Inati0ate
,efault 0alue7 Inati0ate
The CC %tatus 3Et$eret OAM4 para/eter
speifies whether to ati0ate the onneti0ity
he9 (CC) funtion at a /aintenane point!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter the CC funtion is ati0ated" the
/aintenane point starts the CC! If the he9 is
initially suessful" the
D%HDTH$-4HCCH#$& alar/ is reported if a
Copyright Huawei
A*B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
CC failure ours later!
To start the onneti0ity he9" ati0ate the

CC funtion at a /aintenane endpoint!
To stop the onneti0ity he9" deati0ate the

CC funtion!
The CC funtion an .e ati0ated at a
/aintenane endpoint only!
#=
Ti/eout(/s
)
3000 to B0000" in step of
100
,efault 0alue7 (000
,isplays the ti/eout duration of the #= test!
#T
Ti/eout(/s
)
100
,efault 0alue7 (000
,isplays the ti/eout duration of the #T test!
CC4
&ending
Period(/s)
100
,efault 0alue7 (000
,isplays the inter0al for trans/itting pa9ets of
the CC test!
-I& -ti0e
&tatus
,eati0ate" -ti0ate
,efault 0alue7 ,eati0ate
,isplays or speifies the -I& ati0ation status!
Client #ayer
#e0el
$perator 4iddle(1)"
$perator High(2)"
Pro0ider #ow(3)"
Pro0ider High(@)"
Consu/er #ow(()"
Consu/er 4iddle(B)"
Consu/er High(3)
,isplays or speifies the le0el of the lient
layer!
-I&
Period(/s)
1000" B0000
,efault 0alue7 B0000
,isplays or speifies the -I& period!
CC
,estination
4ultiast
4-C
+or e;a/ple7 01-*0-2-
00-00-30
,isplays or speifies the destination /ultiast
4-C address in the CC test!
%+#+##+% 5)A5T Test
In the ase of the #=)#T test" you need to set the para/eters" suh as the type of the
responding /aintenane point and the nu/.er of hops!
Ta.le 2-3 lists the para/eters that are used for the #=)#T test!
Copyright Huawei
A*3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 Para/eters for the #=)#T test
#= &oure 4DP
I,(e!g!++-++-
++00)
+or e;a/ple7 00-00-
0001
This para/eter indiates the soure
/aintenane point I, in the #= test!
#= &in9 4DP
I,(e!g!++-++-
++00)
+or e;a/ple7 00-00-
0002
This para/eter indiates the sin9
/aintenane point I, in the #= test!
&oure 4DP I, +or e;a/ple7 00-00-
0001
/aintenane point in the #T test!
&oure 'ode
Infor/ation
'D na/e-slot nu/.er-
.oard na/e-port
nu/.er(port na/e)
+or e;a/ple7 'D(A-1)-@-
D+&*-P$2T1
,isplays the soure node infor/ation!
&in9 4DP I, +or e;a/ple7 00-00-
0002
/aintenane point in the #T test!
Test 2esult &ueeded" +ailed
,efault 0alue7 -
The Test 2esult 3!B ad !T Test4
para/eter speifies the result deri0ed
fro/ the #= or #T test eah ti/e!
#T &oure 4DP I, +or e;a/ple7 00-00-
0001
/aintenane point I, in the #T test!
#T &in9 4DP
I,(e!g!++-++-
++00)
+or e;a/ple7 00-00-
0002
This para/eter indiates the sin9
/aintenane point I, in the #T test!
Test 'ode
Infor/ation
'D na/e-slot nu/.er-
.oard na/e-port
nu/.er(port na/e)
+or e;a/ple7 'D(A-1)-@-
D+&*-P$2T1
,isplays the test node infor/ation!
2esponding 4P +or e;a/ple7 00-21-A3-
02-(A-12
,isplays the responded 4P in the #T
test!
2esponding 4P
Type
4DP" 4IP" 5n9nown
,efault 0alue7 5n9nown
The 2es-odig M) T/-e 3Et$eret
!T Test4 para/eter speifies the type of
the responding /aintenane point in eah
#T test!
The responding /aintenane point /ust
return the type" whih is speified when
this /aintenane point is reated!
Hop Count +or e;a/ple7 1 The >o- Cout 3Et$eret !T Test4
para/eter speifies the nu/.er of hops
fro/ the /aintenane soure endpoint to
an /aintenane inter/ediate point"
Copyright Huawei
A**
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
na/ely" the nu/.er of responding
inter/ediate points fro/ the /aintenane
soure point to a ertain responding
point!
-s shown in +igure 2-1A" 4DP1 and 4DP2 are the /aintenane endpoints! 4IP1" 4IP2"
4IP3 and 4IP@ are the /aintenane inter/ediate points! In this ase" the nu/.er of hops
fro/ 4DP1 to 4DP2 is (" and that fro/ 4DP1 to 4IP3 is 3!
Figure 1.2 -n e;a/ple of nu/.er of hops
%+#+##+& Pin Test
In the ase of the ping test" you need to set the para/eters" suh as the trans/ission /ode"
pa9et length" ti/e to li0e (TT#)" and holdoff ti/e!
Ta.le 2-* lists the para/eters that are used for the ping test!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for the ping test
+ra/e #ength B@-1(22" in step length
of 1
,efault 0alue7 B@
The para/eter speifies the length of the
Ping pa9ets if the Ping operation is
initiated at a /aintenane endpoint!
Ti/eout 3-B0" in step length of 1
,efault 0alue7 (
The Timeout 3)ig Test4 para/eter
speifies the waiting period in whih no
response /essage is reei0ed fro/ the
opposite end after a /aintenane point
initiates the Ping test! In this ase" the
/aintenane point regards that the Ping test
fails! This waiting period is alled the Ping
ti/eout ti/e!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter initiating the Ping test" the
/aintenane point returns a Ping ti/eout
/essage if it fails to reei0e the response
/essage fro/ the opposite end when the
Ping ti/eout ti/e is reahed!
Copyright Huawei
A*A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&et this para/eter to a lower 0alue if the

re6uire/ent is high for the response
ti/e!
&et this para/eter to a higher 0alue if the

re6uire/ent is low for the response ti/e!
The 0alues of Timeout and )ig Attem-ts
deides the longest duration re6uired to
perfor/ the Ping test!
Ping -tte/pts 1 to 1000
,efault 0alue7 1
Indiates the nu/.er of trans/ission
atte/pts of the ping test pa9ets in the ase
of the ?=urst? trans/ission /ode! This
para/eter annot .e set in the ase of the
?Continue? trans/ission /ode!
,estination IP
-ddress
+or e;a/ple7
12A!A!0!123
Indiates the destination IP address of the
ping test pa9ets!
#oal IP -ddress +or e;a/ple7
12A!A!0!12@
Indiates the loal IP address of the ping test
pa9ets!
,etail - ,isplays the infor/ation that is returned
after the ping test is perfor/ed!
%+#+##+0 Per8ormance Detect
To i/ple/ent the perfor/ane detet funtion" you need to set the para/eters" suh as the
nu/.er of he9 atte/pts and the trans/ission diretion!
Ta.le 2-A lists the para/eters that used for perfor/ane detet!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for perfor/ane detet
+ra/e #ength B@ to 1(22
,efault 0alue7 B@
Indiates the length of the test pa9ets
trans/itted eah ti/e for perfor/ane
he9!
Ti/eout 3 to B0
,efault 0alue7 (
Indiates the ti/eout duration!
,etet -tte/pts 1-1000" in step length
of 1
,efault 0alue7 1
The ,etect Attem-ts para/eter speifies
the detetion atte/pts for perfor/ing
perfor/ane detetion defined in IDDD
*02!1ag!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If the 0alue of ,etectio Cout is larger" the
test result is /ore aurate in eah
perfor/ane detetion test! In this ase"
Copyright Huawei
AA0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
/ore syste/ resoures are used" and longer
ti/e is onsu/ed!
&et this para/eter to a proper 0alue
aording to the test auray and the
syste/ resoure used in the test!
This para/eter an .e set only if the %ed
Mode is Burst Mode!
&oure 4P I, +or e;a/ple7 00-00-
0001
Indiates the I, of the /aintenane point
where the test pa9ets are trans/itted!
,estination 4P
I,
+or e;a/ple7 00-00-
0002
Indiates the I, of the /aintenane point
where the test pa9ets are reei0ed!
,etail - ,isplays the infor/ation that is returned
after the perfor/ane he9 is started!
%+#+#% :T! 3A. Con6uration Parameters $1"%+&ah(
The e6uip/ent supports /ultiple test /ethods for the DTH $-4 (*02!3ah) funtion!
%+#+#%+# 3A. Parameters
Oou need to set the $-4 para/eters .efore ena.ling the DTH $-4 (*02!3ah) funtion!
Ta.le 2-10 list the $-4 para/eters!
Table 1.1 $-4 para/eters
-ield Value
Rane
Description
Port +or e;a/ple7
P$2T3
,isplays the port na/e!
Dna.le $-4
Protool
Dna.led"
,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
,isa.led
The Eable OAM )rotocol para/eter speified
whether the end-to-end $-4 protool (na/ely" the
IDDD *02!3ah protool) is ena.led at a port!
-fter the $-4 protool is ena.led" the urrent
Dthernet port starts to use the preset /ode to set up an
$-4 onnetion with the opposite end!
$-4 Cor9ing
4ode
-ti0e" Passi0e
,efault 0alue7
-ti0e
The OAM "or*ig Mode para/eter speifies a
negotiation /ode defined in IDDD *02!3ah! It
in0ol0es two /odes7 )assi&e and Acti&e!
The port whose DTH $-4 wor9ing /ode is set to
Acti&e an initiate the $-4 onnetion! The port
whose DTH $-4 wor9ing /ode is set to )assi&e an
only respond to the $-4 onnetion re6uests fro/
Copyright Huawei
AA1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield Value
Rane
Description
the opposite end!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
=efore IDDD *02!3ah is ena.led" the loal and
opposite ends fail to negotiate with eah other if
OMA "or*ig Mode is set to )assi&e!
2e/ote -lar/
&upport for
#in9 D0ent
Dna.led"
,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
Dna.led
The 2emote Alarm %u--ort for !i* E&et
para/eter speifies whether to report the deteted
lin9 e0ents (for e;a/ple" Error Frame )eriod
T$res$old" Error Frame Moitor T$res$old" and
Error Frame %ecod T$res$old) to the opposite
end!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter the 2emote Alarm %u--ort for !i* E&et
para/eter is set to Eabled" lin9 e0ent alar/s are
displayed in the opposite e6uip/ent if any lin9 e0ents
our!
2e/ote &ide
#oop.a9
2esponse
,isa.led"
Dna.led
,efault 0alue7
,isa.led
-fter 2emote %ide !oo-bac* 2es-ose is set to
?Dna.led?" the port responds to the loop.a9 re6uest
5nidiretional
$peration
Dna.led"
,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
,isa.led
The 5nidiretional $peration para/eter speifies the
hardware apa.ility! If a port fails at the reei0e end"
.ut an trans/it data fra/es at the trans/it end" it has
the apa.ility of perfor/ing unidiretional operations!
$therwise" it does not ha0e the apa.ility of
perfor/ing unidiretional operations!
#oop.a9
&tatus
- The !oo-bac* %tatus 3OAM )arameter4 para/eter
speifies whether a port on the .oard is in the
loop.a9 state! If yes" the port is in the 1itiate
!oo-bac* at !ocal or 2es-od !oo-bac* of
2emote state!
%+#+#%+% Remote 3A. Parameters
=efore ena.ling the DTH $-4 funtion" you need to set the $-4 para/eters of the Dthernet
port at the opposite end!
Ta.le 2-11 list the re/ote $-4 para/eters!
Table 1.1 2e/ote $-4 para/eters
Port +or e;a/ple7
P$2T3
Copyright Huawei
AA2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2e/ote $-4
Cor9ing 4ode
-ti0e" Passi0e Eueries the wor9ing /ode of the $-4 at the
opposite port!
2e/ote -lar/
&upport for #in9
D0ent
Dna.led" ,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
Dna.led
The 2emote Alarm %u--ort for !i* E&et
para/eter speifies whether to report the
deteted lin9 e0ents (for e;a/ple" Error
Frame )eriod T$res$old" Error Frame
Moitor T$res$old" and Error Frame %ecod
T$res$old) to the opposite end!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter the 2emote Alarm %u--ort for !i*
E&et para/eter is set to Eabled" lin9 e0ent
alar/s are displayed in the opposite e6uip/ent
if any lin9 e0ents our!
2e/ote &ide
#oop.a9 2esponse
,isa.led" Dna.led Eueries the loop.a9 response at the opposite
port!
5nidiretional
$peration
Dna.led" ,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
,isa.led
The #idirectioal O-eratio para/eter
speifies the hardware apa.ility! If a port fails
at the reei0e end" .ut an trans/it data fra/es
at the trans/it end" it has the apa.ility of
$therwise" it does not ha0e the apa.ility of
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter the #idirectioal O-eratio para/eter
is set to Eabled" IDDD *02!3ah pa9ets are
still trans/itted to the opposite end if the
reei0e end is faulty!
4a;! $-4 Pa9et
#ength (.yte)
+or e;a/ple7
1000
,isplays the /a;i/u/ $-4 pa9et length!
%+#+#%+& 3A. :rror -rame .onitorin
Oou need to set the para/eters for error fra/e /onitoring .efore ena.ling the DTH $-4
(*02!3ah) funtion!
Ta.le 2-12 lists the para/eters for $-4 error fra/e /onitoring!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for $-4 error fra/e /onitoring
Port +or e;a/ple7
P$2T3
Drror +ra/e
4onitor
Cindow (/s)
1000-B0000" in step
length of 100
,efault 0alue7 1000
The Error Frame Moitor "idow 3ms4
para/eter speifies the period during whih the
nu/.er of error fra/es reei0ed at the port
e;eeds the speified upper threshold! In this
Copyright Huawei
AA3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
ase" a lin9 e0ent alar/ is reported!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter you set the Error Frame Moitor
T$res$old 3Etries4 and Error Frame
Moitor "idow 3ms4 para/eters" a lin9 e0ent
alar/ is reported if the atual nu/.er of error
fra/es in the lin9 e;eeds the speified
threshold!
&et the 0alue aording to the atual port rate

and the /onitoring period!
4a9e sure that the 0alue of Error Frame

Moitor T$res$old 3Etries4 is not greater
than the /a;i/u/ nu/.er of fra/es
reei0ed at the port within the ti/e speified
in Error Frame Moitor "idow 3ms4!
To set Error Frame Moitor "idow 3ms4" set
Error Frame Moitor T$res$old 3Etries4!
4oreo0er" set )ort 2ate! +or details" refer to the
desription of the Error Frame )eriod
"idow3Frames4 para/eter!
Drror +ra/e
4onitor
Threshold
(Dntries)
1-@2A@AB32A( (in
step length of 1)
,efault 0alue7 2
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The Error Frame Moitor T$res$old3Etries4
para/eter speifies the upper threshold of error
fra/es reei0ed at the port! In this ase" a lin9
e0ent alar/ is reported!
If higher lin9 perfor/ane is re6uired" set the

threshold to a lower 0alue! $therwise" set the
threshold to a higher 0alue!

Moitor T$res$old3Etries4 is not greater
than the /a;i/u/ nu/.er of fra/es
reei0ed at the port within the ti/e speified
in Error Frame Moitor "idow 3ms4!
To set Error Frame Moitor
T$res$old3Etries4" set Error Frame Moitor
"idow 3ms4! 4oreo0er" set )ort 2ate! +or
details" refer to the desription of the Error
Frame )eriod "idow3Frames4para/eter!
Drror +ra/e
Period Cindow
(+ra/es)
4a;pps)10-
4a;pps_B0" in step
length of 1
,efault 0alue7
4a;pps
The Error Frame )eriod "idow3Frames4
para/eter speifies the reei0ed ' fra/es in
whih the nu/.er of error fra/es reah the
speified upper threshold! In this ase" a lin9
Copyright Huawei
AA@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
NOTE
4a;pps7 indiates the
/a;i/u/ nu/.er of
fra/es per seond!
&peifially"
If the port rate is
10 4.it)s" the
4a;pps 0alue is
1@**0!
If the port rate is
100 4.it)s" the
4a;pps 0alue is
1@**00!
If the port rate is
1000 4.it)s" the
4a;pps 0alue is
1@**000!
If the port rate is
10 <.it)s" the
4a;pps 0alue is
1@**0000!
-ording to the rule
of 4a;pps)10 Z
Error Frame )eriod
"idow3Frames4 Z
4a;pps_B0" you
9now the 0alue range
of the Error Frame
)eriod
"idow3Frames4
para/eter for a
ertain port rate!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter you set the Error Frame )eriod
"idow3Frames4 and Error Frame )eriod
T$res$old3Frames4 para/eters" a lin9 e0ent
alar/ is reported if the nu/.er of error fra/es
reei0ed within a ertain period reahes the
speified upper threshold!
&et the 0alue aording to the atual data fra/e
trans/ission rate and the fra/es! If the data
trans/ission rate is high" set this para/eter to a
higher 0alue! $therwise" set this para/eter to a
lower 0alue!
The 0alue range depends on the port rate!
Drror +ra/e
4onitor
Threshold
(+ra/es)
1-*A2*00000" in
step length of 1
,efault 0alue7 1
The Error Frame Moitor T$res$old3Frames4
para/eter speifies the reei0ed ' fra/es in
whih the nu/.er of error fra/es reah the
speified upper threshold! In this ase" a lin9
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter you set the Error Frame )eriod
"idow3Frames4 and Error Frame )eriod
T$res$old3Frames4 para/eters" a lin9 e0ent
alar/ is reported if the nu/.er of error fra/es
reei0ed within a ertain period reahes the
Drror +ra/e
&eond Cindow
(s)
10-A00" in step
length of 1
,efault 0alue7 B0
The Error Frame %ecod "idow 3s4
para/eter speifies the error fra/e seond when
any error fra/es are reei0ed at the port within
one seond! If the error fra/e seonds within a
ertain ti/e period reah the speified upper
threshold" lin9 e0ent alar/s are reported! The
ti/e period in whih error fra/es are reei0ed is
alled the error fra/e seond window!
Copyright Huawei
AA(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter you set the Error Frame %ecod "idow
3s4 and Error Frame %ecod T$res$old 3s4
para/eters" lin9 e0ent alar/s are reported if the
atual error fra/e seonds in the lin9 reah the
&et the 0alue aording to the /onitoring ti/e

period!

%ecod "idow 3s4 is not less than that of
Error Frame %ecod T$res$old 3s4!
&et the Error Frame %ecod "idow 3s4
para/eter together with the Error Frame
%ecod T$res$old 3s4 para/eter!
Drror +ra/e
&eond
Threshold (s)
1-A00" in step length
of 1
,efault 0alue7 2
The Error Frame %ecod T$res$old3s4
para/eter speifies the seond during whih
error fra/es are reei0ed at the port! If the error
fra/e seonds within a ertain ti/e period reah
the speified upper threshold" a lin9 e0ent alar/
is reported! The upper threshold is alled the
error fra/e seond threshold!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter you set the Error Frame %ecod
T$res$old 3s4 para/eter" lin9 e0ent alar/s are
reported if the atual error fra/e seonds in the
lin9 reah the speified upper threshold!
%+% IG.P Snoopin
%+%+# Introduction
=y snooping the I<4P pa9et of #ayer 3" the I<4P &nooping funtion reates and /aintains
the #ayer 2 /ultiast funtion and thus pre0ents the /ultiast pa9ets fro/ .eing .roadast
a/ong the #ayer 2 e6uip/ent!
The I<4P protool is a /ultiast /anage/ent protool used .etween routers and hosts (suh
as swithes and ,&#-4s) to /anage the addition and deletion of a group /e/.er!
+igure 2-20 o/pares the proess for trans/itting /ultiast pa9ets when the I<4P
&nooping funtion is ena.led and the proess for trans/itting /ultiast pa9ets when the
I<4P &nooping funtion is disa.led!
Copyright Huawei
AAB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
If the I<4P &nooping funtion is disa.led" the e6uip/ent that supports the I<4P
&nooping funtion reei0ed pa9ets to eah host!
If the I<4P &nooping funtion is ena.led" after reei0ing the /ultiast pa9et" the
e6uip/ent that supports the I<4P &nooping funtion 6ueries the /ultiast ta.le in
whih the soure port funtions as the router port! If the /ultiast group that /athes the
/ultiast address e;ists in the /ultiast ta.le" the e6uip/ent that supports the I<4P
&nooping funtion forwards the pa9et to this /ultiast group! If the /ultiast group that
/athes the /ultiast address does not e;ist in the /ultiast ta.le" the e6uip/ent that
supports the I<4P &nooping funtion disards the pa9et or .roadasts the pa9et!
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of the I<4P &nooping funtion in a networ9
Source
N51
2nternet/
2ntranet
&ost
5
Group "e"$er
&ost
B
&ost
3
&ost
2
&os
t 1
Group "e"$er
N52
Source
N51
&ost
5
Group
"e"$er
&ost
B
&ost
3
&ost
2
&ost
1
Group "e"$er
N52
2nternet/
2ntranet
>u(ticast "ana)e"ent router
5?uip"ent tat supports te
2G>: Snoopin) function
7ri!)e
>u(ticast pac-ets
'e process for trans"ittin) "u(ticast pac-ets %en te
2G>: Snoopin) function is ena$(e!
'e process for trans"ittin) "u(ticast pac-ets %en
te 2G>: Snoopin) function is !isa$(e!
The ad0antages of the I<4P &nooping appliation are as follows7
#ess networ9 .andwidth is re6uired!
Pa9ets are forwarded within the range of eah 1#-'! Hene" the infor/ation seurity
is enhaned!
%+%+% )asic Concepts
If the /ultiast router e;ists in a networ9" the .ridge an ena.le the I<4P &nooping protool
to reali8e the /ultiast funtion with the operation of the router!
%+%+%+# .ulticast Protocol
4any /ulti/edia networ9 appliations" suh as 0ideo onferene" D-learning" and 0ideo on
de/and (1$,) ser0ie" re6uire the infor/ation to .e trans/itted fro/ one soure to /ultiple
destinations" that is" a one-to-/any trans/ission /ode! &i/ulating the one-to-/any
trans/ission through the one-to-one /ode oupies a large 0olu/e of the .andwidth .eause
the data traffi 0olu/e of the /ulti/edia infor/ation is large! In addition" infor/ation
flooding is generated if the .roadast /ode is used! Hene" a one-to-/any /ultiast protool
is re6uired!
Copyright Huawei
AA3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The IP /ultiast protool is de0eloped .ased on the IP protool sta9! The IP /ultiast
protool uses a ,-lass IP address to indiate a /ultiast group! Dah /ultiast group
orresponds to a /ultiast address! The ,-lass IP address is the /ultiast address" ranging
fro/ 22@!0!1!0 to 23A!2((!2((!2((! -ording to the /ultiast address" the router forwards a
pa9et to all the IP hosts in a /ultiast group! The hosts in an IP /ultiast group an :oin or
lea0e this /ultiast group at any ti/e and at any loation" without restritions on the nu/.er
of /e/.ers! The /ultiast router need not store the /e/.er relations of all the hosts! The
router needs to store infor/ation only a.out whether any host in the physial su.networ9
.elongs to a speifi /ultiast group! The host needs to store infor/ation only a.out the
/ultiast groups that it :oins!
IP /ultiast protools are lassified into two ategories7 the o//uniation protool .etween
/ultiast routers and the protool .etween /ultiast routers" hosts" and #ayer 2 swithes!
The o//uniation protool .etween /ultiast routers is used to o.tain the /ultiast
routing infor/ation! This type of protool ontains the Protool Independent 4ultiast-
,ense 4ode (PI4-,4)" Protool Independent 4ultiast-&parse 4ode (PI4-&4)" and
,istane 1etor 4ultiast 2outing Protool (,142P)!
The protool .etween /ultiast routers" hosts" and #ayer 2 swithes is used to forward
/ultiast pa9ets aording to the /ultiast routing infor/ation! This type of protool
ontains the I<4P" I<4P &nooping" I<4P Pro;y" and Ciso <roup 4anage/ent
Protool (C<4P)! The I<4P is a #ayer 3 /ultiast protool" and the I<4P &nooping"
I<4P Pro;y" and C<4P are #ayer 2 /ultiast protools!
%+%+%+% IG.P
Contained in the TCP)IP suite" the I<4P protool is used to /anage /e/.ers of the IP
/ultiast group! The I<4P protool reates and /aintains the /e/.er relationship of the
/ultiast group .etween the host and its ad:aent /ultiast router!
The host notifies the loal router of :oining a speifi /ultiast group and aepting the
infor/ation fro/ this /ultiast group through the I<4P protool! The router periodially
6ueries whether a /e/.er of a speifi group in the #-' is ati0ated through the I<4P
protool (that is" whether the /e/.er of a speifi /ultiast group still e;ists in the networ9
seg/ent)" and therefore ollets and /aintains the /e/.er relationship of groups that are
onneted to the router! Through this /ehanis/" the /ultiast router reates a ta.le" whih
ontains the ports of the router and /e/.ers of eah speifi group in the su.networ9s
orresponding to eah port! -fter reei0ing the pa9et of a speifi group" the router forwards
the pa9et only to the ports that ha0e the /e/.ers of this group!
5ntil now" there are three I<4P protool 0ersions7 I<4P01" I<4P02" and I<4P03!
I<4P01 /anages /ultiast group /e/.ers .ased on the 6uery and response
/ehanis/! I<4P01 does not speify the pa9ets to .e sent when an 'D lea0es a
/ultiast group! Therefore" when an 'D lea0es a /ultiast group" it does not send any
/essage! -fter the 'D lea0es a /ultiast group" the I<4P router no longer reei0es
report pa9ets that are sent to the /ultiast group! -fter a ertain period" the I<4P
router deletes the /ultiast ite/s forwarded to the /ultiast group!
Co/pared with I<4P01" I<4P02 supports the 6uerier eletion /ehanis/ and the
lea0ing /ehanis/! Cith the 6uerier eletion /ehanis/" the /ultiast routing protool
selets the router whose IP address is the s/allest as the 6uerier when a shared networ9
seg/ent has /ultiple /ultiast routers!
Co/pared with I<4P01 and I<4P02" I<4P03 supports enhaned 'D ontrol
apa.ility" and the pa9et 6uerying and reporting funtion! -fter the ontrol apa.ility of
'Ds is enhaned" an 'D seleti0ely reei0es the infor/ation fro/ a /ultiast router and
/as9s the infor/ation fro/ the other /ultiast routers when a shared networ9 seg/ent
Copyright Huawei
AA*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
has /ultiple /ultiast routers! Cith the pa9et 6uery and report funtion" I<4P03
supports the general 6uery funtion of I<4P01" the group-speifi 6uery funtion of
I<4P02" and the group-and-soure-speifi 6uery funtion!
Currently" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only I<4P01 and I<4P02!
%+%+%+& IG.P Snoopin
/e/.ers and ports of the swith .y snooping I<4P pa9ets!
/e/.ers and ports of the swith .y snooping I<4P pa9ets! -fter the I<4P &nooping
protool is ena.led" the .ridge onsiders the port that reei0es the I<4P 6uery pa9et as the
router port! Chen the .ridge detets the response that is trans/itted to the router port" the
.ridge adds the port that reei0es the response and the router port to a speifi /ultiast
group! -fter reei0ing the /ultiast pa9et" the .ridge 6ueries the /ultiast ta.le in whih the
soure port funtions as the router port! If the /ultiast group that /athes the /ultiast
address e;ists in the /ultiast ta.le" the .ridge forwards the pa9et to this /ultiast group! If
the /ultiast group that /athes the /ultiast address does not e;ist in the /ultiast ta.le" the
.ridge disards the pa9et or .roadasts the pa9et! Chen the .ridge detets that a ertain port
in a /ultiast group does not respond to the I<4P 6uery pa9et for onseuti0e ti/es the
nu/.er of whih e;eeds the threshold" the .ridge deletes this port fro/ the /ultiast group!
In addition" you need to .e fa/iliar with the following onepts that are related to the I<4P
&nooping funtion!
Dna.ling the I<4P &nooping protool
If the I<4P &nooping protool is ena.led" the e6uip/ent starts to perfor/ learning and
aging operations for router ports and /ultiast groups! Conse6uently" the /ultiast
ser0ies are /ultiast in the orresponding /ultiast groups!
If the I<4P &nooping protool is disa.led" the e6uip/ent stops perfor/ing learning and
aging operations on router ports and /ultiast groups" and deletes all the learned
dyna/i /ultiast groups!
2outer port
Copyright Huawei
AAA
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 ,iagra/ of router ports and /e/.er ports
Source
>u(ticast pac-ets
N51
2ntranet
2nternet/
Group "e"$er
&ost 5
Group "e"$er
&ost 1
Group "e"$er
N52
>u(ticast
>ana)e"ent
router
>u(ticast )roup "e"$er port
Router :ort
The router port refers to a port that faes the /ultiast router! The Dthernet data .oards of
the e6uip/ent onsider the port that reei0es the I<4P 6uery pa9et as the router port!
2outer ports are lassified into the following two ategories7
N ,yna/i router port (/ar9ed .y .lue irles in +igure 2-21)7 It refers to a port that
an reei0e the I<4P 6uery pa9et! The dyna/i router port is .ased on the pa9ets
trans/itted .etween the router and the host and is dyna/ially /aintained! Dah
dyna/i router port an ena.le a router port aging ti/er! Chen the ti/er e;pires" this
port .eo/es in0alid and the /ultiast group that is .ased on this port is deleted!
N &tati router port (not /ar9ed in +igure 2-21)7 It refers to a port that a user speifies
.y running the onfiguration o//and! The stati router port is not aged!
4e/.er port
The /ultiast group /e/.er port refers to a port that faes the host of the group
/e/.er! The #ayer 2 e6uip/ent forwards /ultiast ser0ie pa9ets to the /e/.er ports!
The /ultiast group /e/.er ports" referred to as /e/.er ports for short" are lassified
into the following two ategories7
N ,yna/i /e/.er port (/ar9ed .y yellow s6uares in +igure 2-21)7 It refers to a port
that an reei0e the I<4P report pa9et fro/ the host! The dyna/i /e/.er port is
.ased on the pa9ets trans/itted .etween the router and the host and is dyna/ially
/aintained! Dah dyna/i /e/.er port is aged after the /a;i/u/ nu/.er of non-
response ti/es is reahed!
Copyright Huawei
1000
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
N &tati /e/.er port (not /ar9ed in +igure 2-21)7 It refers to a port that is speified
through the onfiguration o//and of a user! The stati /e/.er port is not aged!
-ging ti/e of the router port
-s is speified in the I<4P protool" the router needs to trans/it the I<4P 6uery pa9et
periodially to the host" to o.tain the infor/ation indiating whether the host is in the
/ultiast group!
-fter the Dthernet data .oard of the e6uip/ent learns a router port in a .roadast
do/ain" the aging ti/er is started for this port! Chen the aging ti/er of this router port
e;pires and this port does not reei0e any 6uery pa9et" the I<4P &nooping su.-syste/
onsiders this router port as in0alid and then ages this router port!
If this router port reei0es the 6uery pa9et (inluding the speifi 6uery pa9et) .efore
the aging ti/er e;pires" the aging ti/er of this port is reset!
4a;i/u/ non-response ti/es of /ultiast group /e/.ers
The e6uip/ent needs to learn the infor/ation indiating whether a /ultiast group
/e/.er lea0es a /ultiast group in a ti/ely /anner! This an pre0ent the ser0ie
pa9ets fro/ .eing trans/itted ontinuously to the /ultiast group /e/.ers that ha0e
left a /ultiast group" whih /ay e;haust the resoures of the e6uip/ent and
downstrea/ e6uip/ent!
Chen a ertain port on the e6uip/ent reei0es the I<4P response pa9et that is sent .y
the host for the first ti/e" the e6uip/ent adds this port to the orresponding /ultiast
group and then starts the ount of non-response ti/es for this /ultiast /e/.er! Chen
the 6uery pa9et is sent to the /ultiast /e/.er and the response pa9et is not reei0ed
in a re6uired response period" the ount of non-response ti/es for this /ultiast /e/.er
is started! Chen the ount 0alue reahes the threshold" the /ultiast /e/.er is
onsidered ha0ing left the /ultiast group and this /ultiast /e/.er is deleted! -s a
result" the e6uip/ent that is onneted to this port annot reei0e the /ultiast ser0ies!
If the response pa9et is reei0ed .efore the ount 0alue of non-response ti/es for a
/ultiast group /e/.er port reahes the /a;i/u/ non-response ti/es" the ount 0alue
is reset!
I<4P general 6uery pa9et
The I<4P general 6uery pa9et refers to a pa9et that is trans/itted .y the /ultiast
router to the /ultiast group /e/.ers! The I<4P general 6uery pa9et is used to 6uery
whih /ultiast groups ha0e /e/.ers!
I<4P speifi 6uery pa9et
The I<4P speifi 6uery pa9et refers to a pa9et that is trans/itted .y the /ultiast
router to the /ultiast group /e/.ers! The I<4P speifi 6uery pa9et is used to 6uery
whether speifi /ultiast groups ha0e /e/.ers!
I<4P report pa9et
The I<4P report pa9et refers to a report pa9et that is trans/itted .y a /ultiast group
/e/.er to the /ultiast router! The I<4P report pa9et is used to re6uest for the :oining
of a /ultiast group or to respond to the I<4P 6uery pa9et!
I<4P lea0e pa9et
The I<4P lea0e pa9et refers to a pa9et that is trans/itted .y a /ultiast group
/e/.er to the /ultiast router when the /e/.er ati0ely 6uits its group! The I<4P
lea0e pa9et is used to notify the router of a /e/.erJs lea0e fro/ a /ultiast group!
%+%+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that I<4P &nooping o/plies with!
Copyright Huawei
1001
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The I<4P &nooping o/plies with 2+C @(@1 Considerations for Internet <roup
4anage/ent Protool (I<4P) and 4ultiast #istener ,iso0ery (4#,) &nooping &withes!
%+%+0 Availability
The Internet <roup 4anage/ent Protool (I<4P) &nooping funtion re6uires the support of
the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00" 1100200BC00 and
later
i4anager 52000 1100200(C00" 1100200BC02 and
later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
D+&* 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
%+%+2 Principles
The I<4P &nooping reates and /aintains the /apping relations .etween group /e/.ers
and ports of the swith .y snooping I<4P pa9ets! This ensures that /ultiast pa9ets are
trans/itted only to the ports that are onneted to /ultiast users!
The .ridge proesses the I<4P 6uery pa9et" report pa9et" /ultiast pa9et" and fast-lea0e
pa9et to ahie0e the I<4P &nooping funtion!
-fter the .ridge reei0es the I<4P general 6uery pa9et or the I<4P speifi 6uery
pa9et" it proesses this pa9et as follows7
1! The .ridge he9s whether the port that reei0es the pa9et is already learnt as the router
port!
2! If this port is not learnt" the .ridge reords this port as the router port!
3! If the reei0ed pa9et is the I<4P speifi 6uery pa9et and the port that reei0es this
pa9et is already reorded as the router port" the .ridge .roadasts this pa9et in the
speifi /ultiast group and starts the ti/er for the /a;i/u/ 6uery response ti/e and if
the /ultiast group that is speified in this pa9et e;ists! $therwise" the .ridge
.roadasts this pa9et in the address do/ain or 1#-' do/ain of the .ridge!
-fter the .ridge reei0es the I<4P report pa9et" it proesses this pa9et as follows7
1! The .ridge he9s whether the /ultiast reord is already learnt in the address do/ain or
1#-' do/ain of the .ridge!
Copyright Huawei
1002
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2! If this /ultiast reord is not learnt and if the /ultiast group does not e;ist" the .ridge
reates the /ultiast group and reates the /apping relations .etween the router ports"
4-C /ultiast addresses" and /ultiast group /e/.ers .y onsidering this port as the
/ultiast /e/.er port! If this /ultiast reord is not learnt and this port is not ontained
in the /ultiast /e/.er ports of the /ultiast group" the /ultiast group adds this port
as the /ultiast /e/.er port! If this /ultiast reord is learnt" the .ridge re-sets the
ount of no-response ti/es for this /ultiast /e/.er!
-fter the .ridge reei0es the /ultiast pa9et" it proesses this pa9et as follows7
1! The .ridge 6ueries the /ultiast ta.le that uses the soure port as the router port!
2! If the /ultiast group that /athes the /ultiast address e;ists in the /ultiast ta.le" the
.ridge forwards the pa9et to this /ultiast group!
3! If the /ultiast group that /athes the /ultiast address does not e;ist in the /ultiast
ta.le" the .ridge disards the pa9et or .roadasts the pa9et in the 1#-' do/ain!
The .ridge perfor/s the I<4P fast-lea0e funtion as follows! -fter the .ridge reei0es
the I<4P fast-lea0e pa9et" it proesses this pa9et as follows7
1! The /e/.er port reei0es an I<4P fast-lea0e pa9et fro/ the /ultiast group!
2! The .ridge deletes the /e/.er port in the /ultiast group!
Chen the data port fails to respond to the 6uery within a ertain period or fails to reei0e a
6uery pa9et within a ertain period" the /ultiast /e/.er and dyna/i router port will age!
The .ridge renews the /ultiast /e/.ers .y aging the /ultiast /e/.er and dyna/i router
port!
The .ridge proesses the aging of /ultiast /e/.ers as follows7
1! If the /a;i/u/ 6uery response ti/e e;pires" the .ridge adds one to the no-response
ti/es of the /ultiast /e/.er!
2! If the no-response ti/es of a /ultiast /e/.er e;eeds the threshold" the .ridge deletes
this /ultiast /e/.er port!
3! If a /ultiast group does not ha0e any /ultiast /e/.er port" the .ridge deletes this
/ultiast group!
-ging of the dyna/i router port7 The aging ti/er of a router port is started for eah
dyna/i router port! If no I<4P 6uery pa9et is reei0ed in a ertain period" the ti/er
e;pires and the router port .eo/es in0alid! In addition" the /ultiast group that is .ased
on this router port is deleted!
%+%+4 Net7or,in and Application
The e6uip/ent that ena.les the I<4P &nooping funtion dyna/ially learns the router port"
/ultiast group" and group /e/.er .y snooping the I<4P pa9ets trans/itted .etween the
/ultiast /anage/ent router and the host! In this /anner" the /ultiast pa9ets are pre0ented
fro/ .eing .roadast a/ong the e6uip/ent at #ayer 2! The I<4P &nooping has a strong
apa.ility of /anaging the /ultiast ser0ies" suh as dyna/ially responding to the I<4P
Foin)#ea0e re6uests of usto/ers! Hene" the I<4P &nooping is applia.le to the e6uip/ent
at the aess and on0ergene layers!
-s shown in +igure 2-22" the /ultiast router is loated at the networ9 layer whereas 'D1"
'D2" and the swithes are loated at the data lin9 layer! -fter the I<4P protool is ena.led on
the /ultiast router and the I<4P &nooping protool is ena.led on 'D1 and 'D2" 'D1 and
'D2 sense the pa9ets on the /ultiast router" and updates and /aintains the orresponding
route ta.le ite/s! -fter reei0ing the /ultiast pa9ets fro/ the router" 'D1 and 'D2 he9s
their own /ultiast ta.les and forward the pa9ets only to the ports that ha0e group /e/.er
hosts in the downstrea/" thus pre0enting pa9et .roadasting!
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Figure 1.1 4ultiast forwarding
Source
>u(ticast pac-ets
N51
2ntranet
2nternet/
Group "e"$er
&ost 5
Group "e"$er
&ost 1
Group "e"$er
N52
>u(ticast
>ana)e"ent
router
%+%+* Con6urin the IG.P Snoopin Protocol
The I<4P &nooping funtion i/pro0es resoure utili8ation .y forwarding /ultiast pa9ets
and enhanes networ9 seurity .y restriting user aess!
%+%+*+# :nablin the IG.P Snoopin Protocol
The I<4P &nooping an restrit /ultiasting on the #ayer 2 Dthernet swith to /anage and
ontrol /ultiast groups! 2esoures utili8ation an .e i/pro0ed through the /ultiast
forwarding! 'etwor9 seurity is enhaned through restritions on user aesses!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet #-' ser0ies /ust .e reated!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet an Dthernet data .oard and hoose Cofiguratio > !a/er.2
%witc$ig Maagemet > 19M) %oo-ig )rotocol fro/ the +untion Tree!
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Step % Cli9 the Eable 19M) %oo-ig )rotocol ta.! Cli9 +uer/!
Step & &elet the 1= that re6uires the I<4P &nooping protool to .e ena.led! &elet Eabled fro/
the )rotocol Eable drop-down list!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/! - dialog .o; is displayed indiating that the operation is suessful!
Step 2 Cli9 Close!
To deter/ine whether the pa9et that is not ontained in the /ultiast group is disarded" selet a proper
0alue for the T$e ,iscarded Tag of t$e )ac*et Excluded i t$e Multicast 9rou- para/eter!
....Ed
%+%+*+% Settin the Ain Time 8or the .ulticast Router Port
=y default" the /ultiast aging ti/e of the Dthernet swithing .oard is * /inutes!
PrereBuisites
The I<4P &nooping protool /ust .e ena.led!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet an Dthernet .oard and hoose Cofiguratio > !a/er.2 %witc$ig
Maagemet > 19M) %oo-ig )rotocol fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the Agig Time
ta.!
Step % &et the /ultiast aging ti/e!
Step & Cli9 A--l/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 0 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
%+%+*+& <ueryin the .ulticast Router Port
The /ultiast router port refers to the port that trans/its the I<4P 6uery pa9et to routers!
The Dthernet data .oard onsiders the port that reei0es the I<4P 6uery pa9et as the router
port!
Copyright Huawei
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PrereBuisites
The Dthernet data .oard supports the I<4P &nooping protool!
The I<4P &nooping protool /ust .e ena.led!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the Dthernet data .oard! Choose Cofiguratio > !a/er.2
Step % Cli9 the Multicast 2outer )ort Maagemet ta.!
Step & Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery the /ultiast router ports!
....Ed
%+%+*+0 <ueryin the .ulticast Table Item
Oou an 6uery the /ultiast ite/ that the I<4P &nooping protool dyna/ially learns and the
stati /ultiast ite/ that is /anually reated!
Copyright Huawei
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PrereBuisites
The Dthernet data .oard supports the I<4P &nooping protool!
The Dthernet #-' ser0ies /ust .e reated
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the Dthernet data .oard! Choose Cofiguratio > !a/er.2
Step % &elet the Multicast Table 1tem ta.!
Step & Cli9 +uer/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed indiating that the operation is
suessful!
Step 0 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
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%+%+1 Relevant Alarms and :vents
There is no alar/ or perfor/ane e0ent rele0ant to the I<4P &nooping funtion!
%+%+/ IG.P Snoopin Con6uration Parameters
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for ena.ling the I<4P &nooping funtion!
%+%+/+# :nablin IG.P Snoopin Protocol
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for ena.ling the Internet <roup 4anage/ent
Protool (I<4P) &nooping protool!
Ta.le 2-13 lists the para/eters for ena.ling I<4P &nooping protool!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for ena.ling the I<4P &nooping protool
=oard +or e;a/ple7 @-D+&* ,isplays the .oard na/e!
1= 1 to B((3(
+or e;a/ple7 1
&peifies the 1= I,!
Protool Dna.le Dna.led" ,isa.led
This para/eter speifies whether to
ena.le the I<4P &nooping protool
within the speified 0irtual .ridge (1=)!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If the I<4P &nooping protool is

ena.led" the Dthernet physial port
aptures and analy8es the reei0ed
I<4P pa9ets! Then the Dthernet
physial port registers the /ultiast
infor/ation to generate the router
port and the /ultiast group! +inally
the Dthernet physial port
transparently transports the pa9ets!
If the I<4P &nooping protool is

disa.led" the Dthernet physial port
does not analy8e the reei0ed I<4P
pa9ets! Instead" the Dthernet
physial port .roadasts the I<4P
pa9ets as ordinary /ultiast pa9ets!
To reate and /aintain a /ultiast

ser0ie" selet Eabled!
$therwise" selet ,isabled!

The ,isarded
Tag of the Pa9et
D;luded in the
4ultiast <roup
Dna.led" ,isa.led &peifies whether to disard a pa9et
that is not ontained in the /ultiast
group!
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%+%+/+% .ulticast Table Item
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for setting /ultiast ta.le ite/!
Ta.le 2-1@ lists the para/eters for setting /ultiast ta.le ite/!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for /ultiast ta.le ite/
=oard +or e;a/ple7 @-D+&* ,isplays the slot and na/e
of the .oard!
1= 1 to B((3( ,isplays the I, of the 1= in
the reated stati /ulti-ast
ta.le! The 1= /ust .e an
e;isting one!
1#-' I, 1 to @0A( ,isplays the I, of the
1#-' in the reated stati
/ulti-ast ta.le!
4-C -ddress 00-00-00-00-00-01 to +D-
++-++-++-++-++
,isplays the 4-C address
of the .oard!
Port +or e;a/ple7 P$2T3 ,isplays the a0aila.le
/ultiast ports!
%+%+/+& .ulticast Router Port .anaement
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for setting /ultiast router port /anage/ent!
Ta.le 2-1( lists the para/eters for setting /ultiast router port /anage/ent!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for /ultiast router port /anage/ent
=oard +or e;a/ple7 @-D+&* ,isplays the slot and na/e
of the .oard!
1= 1 to B((3( ,isplays the I, of the 1= in
the reated stati /ulti-ast
ta.le! The 1= /ust .e an
e;isting one!
1#-' I, 1 to @0A( ,isplays the I, of the
1#-' in the reated stati
/ulti-ast ta.le!
Port +or e;a/ple7 P$2T3 ,isplays the a0aila.le
/ultiast ports!
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%+%+/+0 Ain Time o8 a .ulticast Group
This topi desri.es the para/eters for setting the aging ti/e of a /ultiast group!
Ta.le 2-1B list the para/eters for setting the aging ti/e of a /ultiast group!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for setting the aging ti/e of a /ultiast group
=oard +or e;a/ple7 @-D+&* ,isplays the na/e of the .oard!
4ultiast -ging Ti/e
(4in)
1-120" in step length of 1
,efault 0alue7 *
The Multicast Agig Time3Mi4
para/eter speifies the aging ti/e of
the router port in the /ultiast group!
The ti/e is learnt .y the .oard port!
This para/eter deides the 0alid ti/e
of the router port in the /ultiast
group! Cithin the aging ti/e period"
if the router port is learnt again" its
aging ti/e is reset! $therwise" when
the aging ti/e e;pires" the rele0ant
router port in the /ultiast group is
aged! -fter the router port is aged" the
whole /ultiast group is deleted if no
other router ports e;ist in the
/ultiast group!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The para/eter 0alue /ay affet the
forwarding effiieny of the
D1P#-' ser0ie!
If the aging ti/e is e;tre/ely long"

and if the /ultiast 4-C address
ta.le in the .oard fails to .e
updated in ti/e" the .oard
forwards the ser0ie pa9ets
inorretly! Conse6uently" the
forwarding effiieny is dereased!
If the aging ti/e is e;tre/ely short"

the /ultiast 4-C address ta.le
/ay .e updated rapidly! 4oreo0er"
a great nu/.er of reei0ed
/ultiast ser0ie pa9ets fail to .e
found in the 4-C address ta.le!
Conse6uently" the .oard
.roadasts these data pa9ets to all
the ports! -s a result" the
forwarding effiieny is also
dereased!
<enerally" selet the default 0alue"
unless otherwise speified! $therwise"
set the 0alue aording to the
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re6uire/ents! ,o not set the 0alue
.eyond the range allowed .y the
.oard!
%+& 5AG
aggregated together to for/ a lin9 aggregation group (#-<) so that the .andwidth inreases
and the relia.ility of the lin9s is i/pro0ed!
%+&+# Introduction
#in9 aggregation o/.ines /ultiple lin9s attahed to the sa/e e6uip/ent into a #-< so that
the .andwidth of the #-< inreases and lin9s are /ade /ore relia.le! The aggregated lin9s
are treated as a single logial lin9!
- #-< aggregates /ultiple physial lin9s to for/ a logial lin9 that trans/its data at a higher
rate! #in9 aggregation funtions .etween ad:aent e6uip/ent! It does not ha0e any i/pat on
the arhiteture of the entire networ9! #in9 aggregation is also alled port aggregation
.eause lin9s ha0e a one-to-one /apping with ports on Dthernet networ9s!
-s shown in +igure 2-23" the #-< pro0ides the following funtions7
Inreased .andwidth
#-<s pro0ide users with a ost-effeti0e /ethod for inreasing lin9 .andwidth! =y
o/.ining /ultiple physial lin9s into one logial lin9" users o.tain a logial lin9 with
higher .andwidth without upgrading e;isting e6uip/ent" sine the .andwidth of the
logial lin9 is e6ual to the su/ of the .andwidth of all o/.ined physial lin9s! The
aggregation /odule uses a load sharing algorith/ to share traffi a/ong the o/.ined
lin9s!
Inreased a0aila.ility
The lin9s in a #-< dyna/ially .a9 up eah other! Chen a lin9 fails" the other lin9s in
the #-< ta9e o0er! ,yna/i .a9up ours only a/ong lin9s in the #-<I other lin9s
are not inluded!
Figure 1.1 #in9 aggregation group
,.G
5ternet
pac-ets
,i n- 1
,i n- 2
,i n- 3 5ternet
pac-ets
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%+&+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es #-< types" load sharing /odes" and the lin9 aggregation ontrol
protool (#-CP)!
%+&+%+# 5AG Types
'etwor9 /anage/ent syste/s ('4&s) support /anual aggregation and stati aggregation!
#-<s support the load sharing /ode and the load non-sharing /ode!
Areation Types
- #-< supports the following aggregation types7
4anual aggregation
- user /anually reates a #-<! Chen a user adds or deletes a /e/.er port" the #-CP
protool is not started! - port is in an up or down state! The syste/ deter/ines whether
to aggregate a port depending on its physial state (up or down)!
&tati aggregation
- user /anually reates a #-<! Chen a user adds or deletes a /e/.er port" the #-CP
protool is started! - port an .e in a seleted" unseleted" or stand.y state! The
e6uip/ent e;hanges aggregation infor/ation .y using the #-CP protool to reah an
aggregation agree/ent!
&tati aggregation is /ore aurate and /ore effeti0e than /anual aggregation in
ontrolling lin9 aggregation!
5oad Sharin
- #-< supports the following load sharing /odes7
#oading sharing
Dah /e/.er lin9 in a #-< arries traffi! That is" the /e/.er lin9s in the #-< share
the load .ased on a ertain algorith/! In load sharing /ode" the .andwidth utili8ation of
the lin9 inreases! Chen a /e/.er in a #-< hanges or a ertain lin9 fails" the traffi is
re-alloated auto/atially!
#oad non-sharing
- #-< an .e onfigured with only one ati0e lin9 and one stand.y lin9! $nly the ati0e
lin9 in the #-< arries traffi and the stand.y lin9 is in a stand.y state! This is
e6ui0alent to a hot stand.y /ehanis/! That is" when the ati0e lin9 fails" the syste/
selets the stand.y lin9 in a stand.y state as an ati0e lin9 to replae the failed lin9!
%+&+%+% 5ACP
The #-CP protool is used to ahie0e dyna/i aggregation and de-aggregation of Dthernet
lin9s!
The #-CP protool is de0eloped .ased on IDDD *02!3ad and perfor/s the following
funtions7
The #-CP protool pro0ides the data swithing e6uip/ent with a standard negotiation
/ode! The syste/ auto/atially for/s aggregation lin9s .ased on its onfiguration and
ena.les the aggregation lin9s to trans/it and reei0e data!
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-fter an aggregation lin9 is for/ed" the #-CP protool /aintains the status of the
aggregation lin9! Chen the aggregation onditions hange" the #-CP protool
auto/atially ad:usts or releases the #-<!
-s shown in +igure 2-2@" the #-CP protool aggregates lin9s as follows7
1! D6uip/ent - and e6uip/ent = e;hange #-CP pa9ets through port 1" port 2" port 3"
and port @! Dah #-CP pa9et ontains the syste/ priority" syste/ 4-C address" port
priority" port I," and operational 9ey (The operational 9ey reflets the aggregation
apa.ility of a port! The 9ey 0alue is deter/ined .y /any fators suh as the physial
harateristis of the port (for e;a/ple" rate and duple;)" onfiguration onstraints set .y
the networ9 ad/inistrator" port harateristis" and port li/itations!)
2! -fter e6uip/ent = reei0es an #-CP pa9et fro/ e6uip/ent -" e6uip/ent = o/pares
the infor/ation in the #-CP pa9et with the infor/ation sa0ed .y the other ports and
selets the ports that an .e aggregated!
3! -fter e6uip/ent - reei0es an #-CP pa9et fro/ e6uip/ent =" e6uip/ent - o/pares
@! D6uip/ent - and e6uip/ent = reah an agree/ent on the ports that an .e added into a
#-<" and then for/ a #-<!
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of the #-CP protool
5?uip"ent . 5?uip"ent 7
:OR'1
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'3
:OR'2
:OR'3
:OR'B :OR'B
The harateristis of the #-CP protool are as follows7
&yste/s ahie0e auto-negotiation .y e;hanging #-CP pa9ets! Dah #-CP pa9et
ontains the onfiguration and urrent status of the syste/ that sends the #-CP pa9et!
#-CP pa9ets are sent in the following /odes7
N D0ent triggering /ode
- hange in the loal status or onfiguration triggers the generation and sending of a
new #-CP pa9et!
N Periodial sending /ode
Chen an aggregation lin9 wor9s sta.ly" the syste/ periodially sends its urrent state
to /aintain the aggregation lin9!
-n #-CP pa9et does not ontain an I,! Therefore" .oth parties use a ti/er and
periodial sending /ehanis/" instead of a detetion and retrans/ission /ehanis/" to
a0oid loss of infor/ation!
The nu/.er of #-CP pa9ets sent e0ery seond does not e;eed fi0e!
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%+&+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion pro0ides the standards and protools assoiated with #-<!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with #-<7
%+&+0 Availability
The lin9 aggregation group (#-<) funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent"
.oards" and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00" 1100200BC00 and
later
i4anager 52000 1100200(C00" 1100200BC02 and
later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
D+&* 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
Remar,s
Two ports in a #-< /ust .e of the sa/e port type" na/ely" either optial port or eletrial
port!
%+&+2 Principles
- #-< aggregates /ultiple Dthernet lin9s into a logial lin9 so that the .andwidths of the
Dthernet lin9s inrease and the relia.ility of the Dthernet lin9s is i/pro0ed!
Increased )and7idth
In the load sharing /ode" all the /e/.er lin9s in a #-< are in the seleted state and eah
/e/.er lin9 arries traffi! -ll the /e/.er lin9s in the #-< share the traffi! &ee +igure 2-
2(!
4e/.er lin9s #1" #2" #3" and #@ .elong to #-< 1!
4e/.er lin9s #1" #2" #3" and #@ are in the seleted state and arry traffi!
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Figure 1.1 -ppliation of the inreased .andwidth
N51 N52
,.G 1
Si)na( f(o%
,1
,2
,3
,B
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'3
:OR'B
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'3
:OR'B
Se(ecte!
Se(ecte!
Se(ecte!
Se(ecte!
Improved Reliability
In the load non-sharing /ode" only one /e/.er lin9 in a #-< is in the seleted state and
arries traffi! The other lin9s in the #-< are in the stand.y state! This is e6ui0alent to the hot
stand.y /ehanis/! This is .eause when an ati0e lin9 in a #-< fails" the syste/ selets a
lin9 a/ong the stand.y lin9s in the #-< as an ati0e lin9 to replae the failed lin9! &ee
+igure 2-2B!
4e/.er lin9s #1" #2" #3" and #@ .elong to #-< 1!
4e/.er lin9 #1 is in the seleted state and arries traffi!
4e/.er lin9s #2" #3" and #@ are in the stand.y state and do not arry traffi! 4e/.er
lin9s #2" #3" and #@ pro0ide a hot stand.y /ehanis/ for /e/.er lin9 #1!
Chen /e/.er lin9 #1 fails" the syste/ selets a lin9 a/ong #2" #3" and #@ as an ati0e
lin9!
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Figure 1.1 -ppliation of the i/pro0ed relia.ility
N51
N52
,.G 1
Si)na( f(o%
,1
,2
,3
,B
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'3
:OR'B
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'3
:OR'B
Se(ecte!
Stan!$#
Stan!$#
Stan!$#
%+&+4 Con6urin an :thernet 5AG
The data lin9s of a #-< an .e onsidered as a lin9 logially! Hene" to onfigure an Dthernet
#-<" you only need to set the orresponding Dthernet ports!
%+&+4+# Creatin a 5AG
#in9 aggregation allows all the /e/.ers in a #-< to share the ino/ing and outgoing
ser0ie loads" therefore inreasing the .andwidth! In addition" the /e/.ers in the sa/e #-<
pro0ide .a9up for eah other dyna/ially" whih i/pro0es the relia.ility of the onnetion!
PrereBuisites
The physial networ9 topology /ust .e set up!
- networ9 /ust .e reated on the '4&!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the orresponding Dthernet .oard and then hoose Cofiguratio >
Et$eret 1terface Maagemet > Et$eret !i* Aggregatio fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New! In the Create !i* Aggregatio 9rou- dialog .o; that is displayed" set the
re6uired para/eters!
Two ports in a #-< /ust .e of the sa/e port type" na/ely" either optial port or eletrial port!
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Step 0 O-tioal= Cli9 the !i* Aggregatio )arameters ta.! &et the )ort )riorit/ and %/stem
)riorit/ para/eters for eah port!
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- port I, onsists of )ort and )ort )riorit/! The port that has the s/aller I, in a #-< an .e
aggregated first!
The syste/ I, onsists of %/stem )riorit/ and %/stem MAC Address! Chen the syste/ negotiates
with the re/ote syste/" the syste/ with the s/aller I, an first selet the ports to .e aggregated! In
this ase" the syste/ refers to a .oard and the syste/ 4-C address refers to the 4-C address of the
.oard! The 4-C address of a .oard is set .efore deli0ery and annot .e /odified!
....Ed
%+&+4+% <ueryin 5in, Areation Ports and Areation
Status
This topi desri.es how to 6uery lin9 aggregation ports and aggregation status!
PrereBuisites
- #-< /ust .e reated!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the orresponding Dthernet .oard and then hoose Cofiguratio >
Et$eret 1terface Maagemet > Et$eret !i* Aggregatio fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery the lin9 aggregation ports and the aggregation status!
Step & 2ight-li9 a #-<" and hoose the o//and fro/ the shortut /enu to o.tain the details
a.out this #-<!
....Ed
%+&+4+& .odi8yin a 5AG
$n the '4&" you an /odify the infor/ation a.out a #-< that is already onfigured! The
/odifiations inlude adding or deleting a /e/.er and /odifying the type of a #-<!
PrereBuisites
- #-< /ust .e reated!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the Dthernet .oard and then hoose Cofiguratio > 1terface
Maagemet > !i* Aggregatio 9rou- Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the
!i* Aggregatio 9rou- Maagemet ta.!
Step % &elet the #-< the infor/ation of whih needs to .e /odified" and then li9 Modif/! In the
Modif/ !i* Aggregatio 9rou- that is displayed" set the re6uired para/eters!
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....Ed
%+&+* Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e the networ9ing appliation of the #-< feature and
the /ethod for onfiguring the #-< feature!
%+&+*+# Description o8 the :9ample
&er0ie planning refers to perfor/ing low le0el design for ser0ies .ased on the ser0ie
re6uire/ents .efore the reation of the ser0ies! &er0ie planning infor/ation helps users
onfigure the ser0ies! &er0ie planning in0ol0es the following ati0ities7 o.taining the
networ9ing infor/ation and re6uire/ents" and planning the onfiguration data!
aggregated to for/ a #-< so that the .andwidth inreases and the relia.ility of the lin9s is
i/pro0ed! The aggregated lin9s an .e onsidered as a single logial lin9! The #-< solution
is applia.le to Dthernet ports!
-s shown in +igure 2-23" 'D1 is onneted to the e6uip/ent on the user side through three
data lin9s! The three data lin9s for/ a #-< to inrease the .andwidth of the logial lin9 and
to i/pro0e the relia.ility of the lin9s! The ser0ie re6uire/ents are as follows7
Three 100 4.it)s lin9s /ust .e a0aila.le .etween 'D1 and the e6uip/ent on the user
side!
The three lin9s /ust .e aggregated into a 300 4.it)s lin9!
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Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of a #-<
,in- 1
,in- 2
,in- 3
N51
0ser si!e
,.G
Data (in-
Service Plannin
The engineering design depart/ent perfor/s planning .ased on the engineering re6uire/ents
and pro0ides detailed planning infor/ation! The networ9ing as shown in +igure 2-23 is
onsidered as an e;a/ple! Ta.le 2-13 lists the planned #-< para/eters and their 0alues!
Table 1.1 Planned #-< para/eters and their 0alues
Parameter Value
#-< 'o! 1
#-< 'a/e #-<1
#-< Type &tati
#oad &haring &haring
&yste/ Priority 0
4ain Port P$2T1
&la0e Ports P$2T2" P$2T3
Port Priority of P$2T1 1
%+&+*+% Con6uration Process
This setion desri.es the proess of onfiguring the #-< feature!
PrereBuisites
The physial networ9 topology /ust .e esta.lished!
The 'Ds" .oards" and fi.ers /ust .e reated on the 52000!
Procedure
Step # 2ight-li9 the 'D1 ion on the 4ain Topology and hoose NE Ex-lorer!
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Step % In the 'D D;plorer" selet the orresponding Dthernet .oard and then hoose Cofiguratio >
Et$eret 1terface Maagemet > Et$eret !i* Aggregatio Maagemet fro/ the
+untion Tree!
Step & Cli9 the !i* Aggregatio 9rou- Maagemet ta.! Then" li9 New to display the Create
!i* Aggregatio 9rou- dialog .o;! &et the para/eters that are re6uired" and li9 OK!
:9ample
Value Description
#-< 'o! 1 -
#-< 'a/e #-<1 -
#-< Type &tati !A9 T/-e is set to %tatic aording to the
#oad &haring &haring !oad %$arig is set to %$arig aording
4ain Port P$2T1 Mai )ort is set to )O2T1 aording to
&eleted &la0e Ports P$2T2" P$2T3 %elected %la&e )orts are set to )O2T2
and )O2T2 aording to the planning
infor/ation!
Step 0 Cli9 the !i* Aggregatio )arameters ta.! &et the para/eters and li9 A--l/!
:9ample
Value Description
Port Priority P$2T17 1
P$2T27 2
P$2T37 3
-
&yste/ Priority 0 -
Step 2 2epeat steps 1-@ to onfigure a #-< on the user-side 'D!
....Ed
%+&+1 Veri8yin the 5AG
To he9 whether the onfigured #-< funtion wor9s nor/ally" 0erify whether all the .asi
funtions of the #-< are a0aila.le!
PrereBuisites
The #-< onfiguration /ust .e o/plete!
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In the #-< as shown in +igure 2-2*" the ports onneted through lin9 1 funtion as /ain
ports" and the ports onneted through lin9 2 funtion as sla0e ports! Oou an 0erify the #-<
in the following aspets7
If a networ9 fault ours" the #-< an .e suessfully swithed!
-fter #-< para/eters are /odified" the #-< an wor9 nor/ally!
In the ase of the load non-sharing and re0erti0e #-<" the swithing .etween the /ain
port and the sla0e port is nor/al after the fault on the lin9 is retified!
Figure 1.1 #-< networ9ing diagra/
N51 N52
,.G
,in-1
,in-2
Procedure
Step # If a networ9 fault ours" the #-< an .e suessfully swithed!
1! ,isonnet the fi.er or networ9 a.le fro/ the /ain port!
2! In the 4ain Topology" right-li9 'D1 and then hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the shortut
/enu!
3! In the 'D D;plorer" selet the Dthernet .oard and then hoose Cofiguratio >
Et$eret 1terface Maagemet > Et$eret !i* Aggregatio Maagemet fro/
the +untion Tree!
@! In the right pane" selet the #-< the onfiguration of whih is o/plete and then li9
+uer/! Che9 and ensure that the statuses of the /ain port and sla0e port are nor/al!
Step % -fter the #-< para/eters are /odified" the #-< wor9s nor/ally!
This topi onsiders the #-< in load non-sharing /ode as an e;a/ple to desri.e the 0erifiation
proess! To 0erify this funtion of the #-< in load sharing /ode" use a si/ilar /ethod!
/enu!
2! In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D1 and then hoose Cofiguratio > 1terface
Maagemet > !i* Aggregatio 9rou- Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
3! In right pane" selet the #-< the onfiguration of whih is o/plete and then li9
@! ,elete the #-< the onfiguration of whih is o/plete and then set !oad %$arig of
the #-< on 'D1 to %$arig! Che9 the statuses of the /ain port and sla0e port" and the
0alue should .oth .e 1 %er&ice!
(! Cli9 A--l/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the
B! 2epeat steps a to e to /odify the para/eters of the #-< on 'D2!
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3! 2epeat steps a to to 6uery the statuses of the /ain port and sla0e port in the #-< on
'D1 and 'D2! The 0alue should .oth .e 1 %er&ice!
Step & In the ase of the load non-sharing and re0erti0e #-<" the swithing .etween the /ain port
and the sla0e port is nor/al after the fault on the lin9 is retified!
/enu!
2! In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D1 and then hoose Cofiguratio > 1terface
Maagemet > !i* Aggregatio 9rou- Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
In nor/al ases" the /ain port is in wor9ing state and the sla0e port is in non-wor9ing state!
3! In the right pane" selet the #-< the onfiguration of whih is o/plete and then li9
@! ,isonnet the fi.er or networ9 a.le fro/ the /ain port!
(! 2epeat steps a to to 6uery the statuses of the /ain port and sla0e port in the #-< on
'D1 and 'D2!
If nor/al swithing ours" the /ain port should .e in non-wor9ing state and the sla0e port should .e in
wor9ing state!
B! Connet the fi.er or networ9 a.le to the /ain port!
3! 2epeat steps a to to 6uery the statuses of the /ain port and sla0e port in the #-< on
'D1 and 'D2!
The /ain port and sla0e port in the #-< on 'D1 and 'D2 return to the initial state! Oou an infer that
the #-< wor9s nor/ally!
....Ed
%+&+/ Troubleshootin
+ollowing a ertain trou.leshooting flow an failitate fault loating and retifiation!
Symptoms
The o//on #-< fault sy/pto/s are as follows7
The #-< fails so that the /e/.er ports are una0aila.le and the ser0ie is interrupted!
The /e/.er ports of the #-< are una0aila.le and the pa9et loss ours!
Possible Causes
The 'Ds on .oth ends of the #-< are onfigured inorretly!
- /e/.er port of the #-< is onfigured with a loop!
- /e/.er port of the #-< is onneted i/properly!
Troubleshootin -lo7
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Procedure
Step # Cause 17 The 'Ds on .oth ends of the #-< are onfigured inorretly!
1! $n the 52000" 6uery the urrent alar/s and he9 whether the #-<HP$2TH+-I# alar/
ours!
2! Che9 whether the onfiguration is onsistent on the 'Ds on .oth ends! If not" /odify
the onfiguration and he9 whether the alar/ is leared!
Step % Cause 27 - /e/.er port of the #-< is onfigured with a loop!
1! Che9 whether the #$$PH-#4 alar/ ours at any /e/.er port of the #-<!
2! If yes" reset the loop.a9 status of the port to lear the alar/!
Step & Cause 37 - /e/.er port of the #-< is onneted i/properly!
1! Che9 whether the DTHH#$& alar/ ours at any /e/.er port of the #-<!
2! If yes" lear the alar/ and then he9 whether the fault is retified! +or details" see the
"aintenance Guild!
Step 0 If the fault annot .e retified" ontat Huawei tehnial support engineers to handle the fault!
....Ed
%+&+#" Relevant Alarms and :vents
This topi desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are related to the #-< feature!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
#-<HP$2TH+-I# - port in the #-< fails!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to #-<!
%+&+## 5AG Con6uration Parameters
This setion desri.es para/eters for onfiguring a lin9 aggregation group (#-<)!
Ta.le 2-1* lists para/eters for onfiguring a #-<!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring a #-<
#-< 'o! +or e;a/ple" 1 ,isplays or sets the #-<
nu/.er!
#-< 'a/e +or e;a/ple" <roup1 ,isplays or sets the #-<
na/e!
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#-< Type 4anual" &tati
,efault 0alue7 &tati
,isplays or sets the #-<
type!
In Maual aggregation" a
user reates a #-<I the #in9
-ggregation Control
Protool (#-CP) is not
started if a user adds or
deletes a /e/.er portI and
/e/.ers in the #-< are
fi;ed! 4anual #-<s are
easily /anaged" .ut
aggregation annot .e
ontrolled aurately or
effiiently!
In %tatic aggregation" a user
reates a #-<I the #-CP is
started if a user adds or
deletes a /e/.er port! =y
running the #-CP" a #-<
deter/ines the status of eah
/e/.er port (ati0e or
stand.y)! Chen !A9 T/-e
for a port is set to %tatic" the
port an forward ser0ies!
$therwise" the port annot
forward ser0ies! Therefore"
stati #-<s an .e easily
/anaged and used" and
aggregation an .e
ontrolled aurately and
effiiently!
#oad &haring &haring" 'on-&haring
,efault 0alue7 &haring
,isplays or sets the load
sharing /ode of an
aggregation group!
%$arig7 indiates that ports
in one #-< share ser0ies!
No.%$arig7 indiates that
ports in one #-< do not
share ser0ies! $nly one port
in the #-< arries ser0ies!
&haring 4ode - ,isplays the load sharing
/ode of a #-<!
para/eter!
2e0erti0e 4ode - ,isplays the re0erti0e /ode
of a #-<!
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para/eter!
4ain Port +or e;a/ple" P$2T3 ,isplays the /ain port of a
#-<!
- /ain port needs to .e
defined in a #-<! The /ain
port represents a logial port
that is for/ed .y
aggregating /ultiple
physial ports!
Mai )ort and %elected
%tadb/ )ort /ust .e of the
sa/e port type" na/ely"
either <D port or +D port!
-0aila.le &tand.y Port +or e;a/ple" P$2T@ &ets the a0aila.le stand.y
port!
&eleted &tand.y Port +or e;a/ple" P$2T( ,isplays or sets the seleted
stand.y port!
Mai )ort and %elected
%tadb/ )ort /ust .e of the
sa/e port type" na/ely"
either <D port or +D port!
&tatus 5n9nown" In &er0ie" $ut
of &er0ie
,efault 0alue7 5n9nown
,isplays the state" whih is
deri0ed fro/ logial
o/putation" of eah
/e/.er ports in a lin9
aggregation group (#-<)!
#*ow7 indiates that the
#-< is not 6ueried!
1 %er&ice7 indiates that the
port an arry ser0ies!
Out of %er&ice7 indiates
that the port annot arry
ser0ies!
Port Priority 0 to B((3(" in steps of 1
,efault 0alue7 323B*
,isplays or sets the priority
of ports in a lin9 aggregation
group (#-<) that runs the
#in9 -ggregation Control
Protool (#-CP)!
higher priority!
Chen using a port to arry
ser0ies" set )ort )riorit/ to
a s/aller 0alue!
&yste/ Priority 0 to B((3(" in steps of 1
,isplays or sets the syste/
priority of a lin9 aggregation
group (#-<)!
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higher syste/ priority!
&yste/ 4-C -ddress +or e;a/ple" 00-1B-DC-+--
-C-0-
,isplays the 4-C address
of the syste/!
%+0 D5AG
The distri.uted lin9 aggregation group (,#-<) is a .oard-le0el port protetion tehnology
used to detet unidiretional fi.er uts and to negotiate with the opposite end! In the ase of a
lin9 down failure on a port or a hardware failure on a .oard" the ser0ies an auto/atially .e
swithed to the sla0e .oard" thus reali8ing 1L1 protetion for the inter-.oard ports!
%+0+# Introduction to D5AG
The ,#-< is a protetion group that aggregates two orresponding ports on two idential
.oards! The ,#-< pro0ides 1L1 protetion for the inter-.oard ports!
-s shown in +igure 2-2A" a ,#-< uses two idential .oards! $ne .oard funtions as the /ain
.oard" and the other .oard funtions as the sla0e .oard! Two orresponding ports" one port on
the /ain .oard and the other port on the sla0e .oard" for/ a ,#-<! +or e;a/ple" P$2T1 on
the /ain .oard and P$2T1 on the sla0e .oard for/ the first ,#-<! =y default" the port on
the /ain .oard is in the wor9ing state" and the port on the sla0e .oard protets the port on the
/ain .oard!
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Figure 1.1 ,#-<
>ain
$oar!
>ain co""unication
e?uip"ent
S(a/e co""unication
e?uip"ent
>ain (in- 1
.
7
C
XCS
S(a/e
$oar!
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'3
:OR'B
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'3
:OR'B
VCG
VCG
>ain (in- 2
>ain
(in- 3
S(a/e
(in- 1
S(a/e
(in- 2
S(a/e (in- 3
>ain co""unication
e?uip"ent
S(a/e co""unication
e?uip"ent
7
>ain co""unication
e?uip"ent
S(a/e co""unication
e?uip"ent
-fter the ,#-< is onfigured" when the /ain .oard detets a lin9 down failure" a .oard
offline e0ent" or a hardware failure on a port" the ross-onnet .oard swithes the ser0ies
arried .y the failed port fro/ the /ain .oard to the sla0e .oard to protet the ser0ies!
The ,#-< pro0ides the following funtions7
Inreased lin9 a0aila.ility
The /ain port and sla0e port in a ,#-< pro0ide .a9up to eah other dyna/ially!
Chen the /ain lin9 fails" the sla0e lin9 6ui9ly replaes the failed /ain lin9" thus
inreasing the a0aila.ility of the lin9s!
2edued the i/pat of protetion swithing
Chen the lin9 on a port fails" only the ser0ies on the port are swithed to the
orresponding port on the sla0e .oard! The ser0ies on the other ports that wor9
nor/ally are not swithed! +or e;a/ple" when /ain lin9 1 fails" only the ser0ies arried
.y /ain lin9 1 are swithed to sla0e lin9 1 that is .etween P$2T1 on the sla0e .oard and
the sla0e o//uniation e6uip/ent at the opposite end!
I/pro0ed seurity and on0eniene in the ase of a networ9 upgrade
Chen you upgrade an 'D" you an first upgrade the sla0e .oard" then swith the ser0ies
fro/ the /ain .oard to the sla0e .oard" and finally upgrade the /ain .oard! In this way"
the ser0ies are upgraded without .eing interrupted!
%+0+% )asic Concepts
The ,#-< reali8es negotiation .etween the e6uip/ent at .oth ends and /aintains the lin9
state in real ti/e .y running the #-CP protool on the ports of the e6uip/ent at .oth ends!
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%+0+%+# Revertive .ode
2e0erti0e ,#-<s and non-re0erti0e ,#-<s are a0aila.le! In re0erti0e /ode" ser0ies are
auto/atially swithed .a9 to the /ain .oard after a fault is retified" whereas in non-
re0erti0e /ode" ser0ies annot .e auto/atially swithed .a9 to the /ain .oard after a fault
is retified!
Ta.le 2-1A lists the differenes and si/ilarities .etween the re0erti0e /ode and the non-
re0erti0e /ode!
Table 1.1 Co/parison .etween the re0erti0e /ode and the non-re0erti0e /ode
Item Revertive .ode Non'Revertive .ode
&i/ilarities If two .oards are onfigured into a ,#-<" ser0ies are swithed to the sla0e
.oard after the /ain .oard .eo/es faulty!
,ifferenes Chen the fault on the /ain .oard is
retified" ser0ies are auto/atially
swithed .a9 to the /ain .oard!
Chen the fault on the /ain .oard is
retified" ser0ies are not
auto/atially swithed .a9 to the
/ain .oard! Instead" the ser0ies are
swithed .a9 to the /ain .oard only
when the sla0e .oard .eo/es faulty!
The onditions for triggering the
swithing are as follows7
The syste/ priority is hanged!
The port priority is hanged!
The lin9 on the /ain port is

faulty!
- old reset or a war/ reset is

perfor/ed on the /ain .oard!
The /ain .oard is not in position!
The /ain .oard is faulty!

The onditions for triggering the
swithing are as follows7
The lin9 on the /ain port is faulty!
- old reset or a war/ reset is

perfor/ed on the /ain .oard!
The /ain .oard is not in position!
The /ain .oard is faulty!

%+0+%+% Priority
The e6uip/ent at .oth ends negotiate with eah other and /aintains the lin9 state in real ti/e
.y /eans of the preset port priority and syste/ priority!
The port priority is used for negotiation .etween the two ports in a ,#-<" and the port with a
higher priority funtions as the urrent wor9ing port! Therefore" users an hange the urrent
wor9ing port .y hanging the priorities of the two ports in a ,#-<!
The syste/ priority of a ,#-< is used for o/parison .etween the ,#-<s of the
interonneted e6uip/ent! The ,#-< with a higher syste/ priority is do/inant in #-CP
negotiation!
+or e;a/ple" the ,#-< with a higher syste/ priority deter/ines the atual wor9ing .oard
and re0erti0e /ode of the interonneted ,#-< with a lower syste/ priority!
-s shown in +igure 2-30" 'D1 is interonneted with 'D2! $n 'D1" P$2T1s on .oards -1
and -2" whih are of the sa/e type" for/ ,#-<H1! In ,#-<H1" .oard -1 is the /ain .oard
and .oard -2 is the sla0e .oard! $n 'D2" P$2T2s on .oards =1 and =2" whih are of the
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sa/e type" for/ ,#-<H2! In ,#-<H2" .oard =1 is the /ain .oard and .oard =2 is the sla0e
.oard!
=y default" the /ain .oard and sla0e .oard in a ,#-< ha0e the sa/e port priority!
-ordingly" the /ain .oard funtions as the urrent wor9ing .oard" and the sla0e .oard
protets the /ain .oard! If the ports of a ,#-< ha0e different priorities" the .oard where the
port with a higher priority resides funtions as the /ain .oard" na/ely the wor9ing .oard" and
the other .oard where the port with a lower priority resides funtions as the sla0e .oard!
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of the syste/ priority of a ,#-<
>ain
$oar!
S(a/e
$oar!
S(a/e
$oar!
>ain
$oar!
.1
.2
72
71
D,.GJ1 D,.GJ2
N51 N52
,.C:
:OR'1
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'2
-fter #-CP negotiation" the /ain .oard -1 of ,#-<H1 funtions as the wor9ing .oard of
,#-<H1 and the sla0e .oard =2 of ,#-<H2 that is onneted to the wor9ing .oard of
,#-<H1 funtions as the wor9ing .oard of ,#-<H2" .eause the syste/ priority of
,#-<H1 is higher than the syste/ priority of ,#-<H2! The /ain .oard =1 in ,#-<H2
annot funtion as the wor9ing .oard" .eause ,#-<H1 is do/inant in #-CP negotiation due
to its higher syste/ priority!
The re0erti0e /ode of ,#-<H1 is No.2e&erti&e and the re0erti0e /ode of ,#-<H2 is
2e&erti&e! ,#-<H1" the ,#-< with a higher syste/ priority" plays a do/inant role in
#-CP negotiation and the re0erti0e /ode of ,#-<H2 hanges to No.2e&erti&e!
If the ,#-<s of the interonneted e6uip/ent ha0e the sa/e syste/ priority and port priority" the
,#-< onfigured on the /ain .oard that has the s/aller 4-C address is do/inant in #-CP
negotiation!
%+0+%+& 5ACP
The #-CP protool is used to ahie0e dyna/i aggregation and de-aggregation of Dthernet
lin9s!
The #-CP protool is de0eloped .ased on IDDD *02!3ad and perfor/s the following
funtions7
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The #-CP protool pro0ides the data swithing e6uip/ent with a standard negotiation
/ode! The syste/ auto/atially for/s aggregation lin9s .ased on its onfiguration and
ena.les the aggregation lin9s to trans/it and reei0e data!
-fter an aggregation lin9 is for/ed" the #-CP protool /aintains the status of the
aggregation lin9! Chen the aggregation onditions hange" the #-CP protool
auto/atially ad:usts or releases the #-<!
-s shown in +igure 2-31" the #-CP protool aggregates lin9s as follows7
1! D6uip/ent - and e6uip/ent = e;hange #-CP pa9ets through port 1" port 2" port 3"
and port @! Dah #-CP pa9et ontains the syste/ priority" syste/ 4-C address" port
priority" port I," and operational 9ey (The operational 9ey reflets the aggregation
apa.ility of a port! The 9ey 0alue is deter/ined .y /any fators suh as the physial
harateristis of the port (for e;a/ple" rate and duple;)" onfiguration onstraints set .y
the networ9 ad/inistrator" port harateristis" and port li/itations!)
2! -fter e6uip/ent = reei0es an #-CP pa9et fro/ e6uip/ent -" e6uip/ent = o/pares
3! -fter e6uip/ent - reei0es an #-CP pa9et fro/ e6uip/ent =" e6uip/ent - o/pares
@! D6uip/ent - and e6uip/ent = reah an agree/ent on the ports that an .e added into a
#-<" and then for/ a #-<!
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of the #-CP protool
5?uip"ent . 5?uip"ent 7
:OR'1
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'3
:OR'2
:OR'3
:OR'B :OR'B
The harateristis of the #-CP protool are as follows7
&yste/s ahie0e auto-negotiation .y e;hanging #-CP pa9ets! Dah #-CP pa9et
ontains the onfiguration and urrent status of the syste/ that sends the #-CP pa9et!
#-CP pa9ets are sent in the following /odes7
N D0ent triggering /ode
- hange in the loal status or onfiguration triggers the generation and sending of a
new #-CP pa9et!
N Periodial sending /ode
Chen an aggregation lin9 wor9s sta.ly" the syste/ periodially sends its urrent state
to /aintain the aggregation lin9!
Copyright Huawei
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-n #-CP pa9et does not ontain an I,! Therefore" .oth parties use a ti/er and
periodial sending /ehanis/" instead of a detetion and retrans/ission /ehanis/" to
a0oid loss of infor/ation!
The nu/.er of #-CP pa9ets sent e0ery seond does not e;eed fi0e!
%+0+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the apaity of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent for supporting ,#-<!
Ta.le 2-20 lists the speifiations assoiated with ,#-<!
Table 1.1 &peifiations assoiated with ,#-<
Item Speci6cations
&upport apa.ility 12
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of lower order
path protetion pairs
B@0
#-< type &tati
#oad &haring /ode #oad non-sharing
2e0erti0e /ode 2e0erti0e" 'on-2e0erti0e
&withing ondition (-ny of the
onditions triggers the swithing!)

The lin9s of the interonneted e6uip/ent are
diretly onneted to eah other " no inter/ediate
e6uip/ent e;ists!
$ptial port7
N The fi.er is ut in .oth diretions! &withing
ti/e W 1!( s!
N The fi.er is ut in one diretion!
N The ports of the interonneted e6uip/ent are
set to the auto-negotiation /ode! &withing
ti/e W 1!( s!
N In other ases" the swithing ti/e W 3!3 s!
Dletrial port7
N The fi.er is ut in .oth diretions! &withing
ti/e W 1!( s!
The fi.er is ut!
The lo9 of the wor9ing .oard is lost!
The hardware of the wor9ing .oard is faulty!
The wor9ing .oard is off-line!

%+0+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools with whih the ,#-< feature o/plies!
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%+0+2 Availability
The ,#-< funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Version Support
Applicable :Buipment Applicable Version
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00 and later
i4anager 52000 1100200AC00 and later
!ard7are Support
Applicable )oard Applicable Version Applicable
:Buipment
D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
%+0+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for ,#-< in the networ9 design
,#-<

$ne ,#-< an ontain a /a;i/u/ of two ports! The two
ports /ust ha0e the sa/e port nu/.er!
I,s of ,#-<s are nu/.ered in the entire e6uip/ent!
The types of the /e/.er ports in a ,#-< /ust .e the

sa/e" eletri or optial!
If the /e/.er ports in a ,#-< arry ser0ies" .inding

le0els and ti/eslots of ross-onnetions /ust .e
onsistently onfigured for the /e/.er ports!
&la0e .oard

The /ain)sla0e relationship e;ists only .etween two
idential .oards! The port on the sla0e .oard is used only
to protet the port on the /ain .oard! 4ultiple ,#-<s
an .e reated on two .oards!
The sla0e .oard /ust not .e onfigured with Dthernet

ser0ies" #PT" #-<" ross-onnetions" and 1CT25'G-
.ound paths!
The .andwidth of the slot where the sla0e .oard is installed

/ust .e higher than or e6ual to the .andwidth of the slot
where the /ain .oard is installed!
Copyright Huawei
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,uring the onfiguration of a ,#-<" the attri.utes of the

sla0e port auto/atially .eo/e onsistent with the
attri.utes of the /ain port!
Interonnetion

The e6uip/ent onfigured with a ,#-< /ust .e
interonneted with the e6uip/ent that runs the #-CP
protool!
If an inter/ediate node e;ists .etween two piees of

e6uip/ent onfigured with ,#-<s" the inter/ediate node
/ust support the transparent trans/ission of the protool
pa9ets!
,#-< and #-<

The port onfigured with a ,#-< /ust .e an e;ternal
physial Dthernet port! $ne port annot .e onfigured into
a ,#-< and a #-< at the sa/e ti/e!
The e;ternal physial port annot .e onfigured with a

,#-< if the 1CT25'G that is assoiated with the
e;ternal physial port is onfigured with a #-< on the
1CT25'G side!
&la0e .oard -fter the reation of a ,#-<" the user annot issue any
onfiguration o//and to the protetion .oard! The user an
only 6uery infor/ation a.out the sla0e .oard!
Dthernet ser0ie

If Dthernet ser0ies are already reated" ensure that the le0el
of the ti/eslots .ound to a path is onsistent with the le0el
of the onfigured ross-onnetions!
If Dthernet ser0ies are already reated" ensure that the

e;ternal physial port that needs to .e onfigured into a
,#-< does not share the sa/e 1CT25'G port with
other e;ternal physial ports!
&elfloop ,o not perfor/ a selfloop on an e;ternal physial port that
needs to .e onfigured into a ,#-<!
%+0+* Principle Description
Chen the /ain .oard detets a failed port" the ross-onnet .oard swithes the ser0ies
arried .y the failed port fro/ the /ain .oard to the sla0e .oard to protet the ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
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+igure 2-32 shows the proessing flow of a ,#-<!
Figure 1.1 Proessing flow of a ,#-<
>ain
$oar!
N51
:OR'1
S(a/e
$oar!
:OR'1
VC'R0NP1
VC'R0NP1
>ain ser/ices
S(a/e ser/ices
F(o% of te "ain ser/ices
F(o% of te s(a/e ser/ices
Cross-
connect
$oar!
In the trans/it diretion" the proessing flow of the ,#-< is desri.ed as follows7
The ross-onnet .oard of 'D1 trans/its the ser0ies to the /ain .oard and sla0e .oard
of the ,#-<! Then" the /ain .oard and sla0e .oard of the ,#-< trans/it the ser0ies
to the e6uip/ent at the opposite end!
Chen a lin9 down failure" a .oard offline e0ent" or a hardware failure ours on the /ain
.oard" the e6uip/ent at the opposite end reei0es the signals sent .y the sla0e .oard!
In the reei0e diretion" the proessing flow of the ,#-< is desri.ed as follows7
The /ain .oard and sla0e .oard of 'D1 trans/it the /ain ser0ies and sla0e ser0ies
sent fro/ the opposite end respeti0ely to the ross-onnet .oard of 'D1! The ross-
onnet .oard of 'D1 selets ser0ies .etween the /ain ser0ies and sla0e ser0ies!
Chen the /ain .oard wor9s nor/ally" the ross-onnet .oard selets the ser0ies sent
.y the /ain .oard!
Chen the /ain .oard detets a lin9 down failure" a .oard offline e0ent" or a hardware
failure" the ross-onnet .oard selets the ser0ies sent .y the sla0e .oard to protet the
ser0ies!
%+0+1 Con6urin an :thernet D5AG
The ,#-< inreases the a0aila.ility of lin9s" redues the i/pat of protetion swithing" and
i/pro0es the seurity and on0eniene in the ase of a networ9 upgrade! -fter the ,#-< is
onfigured" when the wor9ing .oard detets a lin9 down failure" a .oard offline e0ent" or a
hardware failure on a port" the ross-onnet .oard swithes the ser0ies arried .y the failed
port fro/ the wor9ing .oard to the protetion .oard to protet the ser0ies!
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%+0+1+# Creatin a D5AG
Oou an set the /ain)sla0e relationship and re0erti0e /ode for the orresponding ports on two
idential .oards to pro0ide 1L1 protetion for the ports!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > Et$eret
,istributed !i* Aggregatio Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 New!
Step & In the Create ,istributed !i* Aggregatio 9rou- dialog .o; that is displayed" set the
attri.utes and ports of the ,#-<!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
Step 2 Create a ,#-< on the interonneted 'D at the opposite end!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
1! Change of 2e&erti&e Mode of a ,#-<
Change of 2e&erti&e Mode does not affet the ser0ies arried .y the ,#-<!
2! ,eletion of a ,#-<
N Chen the ,#-< on the e6uip/ent at one end is deleted" the e6uip/ent at the
opposite end starts lin9 re-negotiation! In this ase" the ,#-<HP2$TDCTH+-I#
alar/ is reported .ut the ser0ies are not interrupted!
N Chen the ,#-<s on the interonneted e6uip/ent at .oth ends are deleted at the
sa/e ti/e" the ser0ies are not interrupted!
%+0+1+% Con6urin the System Priority and Port Priority o8 a
D5AG
- o/parison .etween syste/ priorities of ,#-<s at .oth ends deter/ines that the ,#-<
with a higher syste/ priority plays a do/inant role in #-CP negotiation! Port priorities are
onfigured to perfor/ ,#-< swithing .eause no e;ternal ,#-< swithing o//and is
a0aila.le!
PrereBuisites
The ,#-< /ust .e reated suessfully!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > Et$eret
,istributed !i* Aggregatio Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
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Step % In the right pane" selet the re6uired ,#-< and set %/stem )riorit/" Mai )ort )riorit/"
and %la&e )ort )riorit/!
The default priority is 323B*" and the priority ranges fro/ 0 to B((3(!
The priority inreases when the 0alue dereases!
Step & Cli9 A--l/! The setting is o/pleted!
If the 52000 reports the ,#-<HP2$TDCTH+-I# alar/" the ,#-< protetion fails!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
Change of the priority of a ,#-< i/poses the following i/pats on ser0ies7
If the loal ,#-< has a higher priority than the opposite ,#-<" the ser0ies are not
interrupted when the priority of the loal ,#-< is hanged to a higher priority!
If the loal ,#-< has a lower priority than the opposite ,#-<" the ser0ies are
swithed o0er and thus are transiently interrupted when the priority of the loal ,#-< is
hanged to a priority higher than the priority of the opposite ,#-<!
%+0+1+& <ueryin In8ormation About a D5AG
Oou an 6uery the load sharing /ode" /ain port" sla0e port" and other infor/ation a.out a
,#-<!
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e an '4 user with NE moitor authority or higher!
The ,#-< /ust .e reated suessfully!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet an 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > Et$eret ,istributed !i*
Aggregatio Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % In the right pane" li9 +uer/ to 6uery the urrent infor/ation of the reated ,#-<!
Step & 2ight-li9 a ,#-< and hoose the para/eters fro/ the shortut /enu" to 6uery the related
infor/ation as re6uired!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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%+0+/ Con6uration :9ample
This topi uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the ,#-< funtion!
%+0+/+# Description o8 the :9ample
'D1 is interonneted with 'D2 through the Dthernet data .oards! ,#-<s need to .e
onfigured to protet the ser0ies .etween 'D1 and 'D2!
$n 'D1" P$2T1 on the D<&@ .oard in slot 3 and P$2T1 on the D<&@ .oard in slot @ for/ a
,#-<! $n 'D2" P$2T1 on the D<&@ .oard in slot 3 and P$2T1 on the D<&@ .oard in slot @
for/ another ,#-<! The two ,#-<s protet the ser0ies .etween 'D1 and 'D2! &ee +igure
2-33!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of ,#-<
N51
:OR'1 :OR'1
N52
:OR'1 :OR'1
3-5GSB
B-5GSB
3-5GSB
B-5GSB
D,.GJ1
D,.GJ2
%+0+/+% Con6uration Process
The ,#-< inreases the a0aila.ility of lin9s" redues the i/pat of protetion swithing" and
i/pro0es the seurity and on0eniene in the ase of a networ9 upgrade!
PrereBuisites
The restritions on the usage of the ,#-< funtion /ust not .e 0iolated!
Procedure
Step # &et the /ain)sla0e relationship and re0erti0e /ode for P$2T1 on the D<&@ .oard in slot 3 of
'D1 and P$2T1 on the D<&@ .oard in slot @ of 'D1! -fter the setting" 1L1 protetion is
onfigured for the ports! +or infor/ation on the proedure" refer to &teps 1-@ in 2!@!*!1
Creating a ,#-<!
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Step % &et the /ain)sla0e relationship and re0erti0e /ode for P$2T1 on the D<&@ .oard in slot 3 of
'D2 and P$2T1 on the D<&@ .oard in slot @ of 'D2! -fter the setting" 1L1 protetion is
onfigured for the ports! +or the details" refer to &tep &tep 1!
Step & &et the syste/ priority and port priority of the ,#-<s! +or infor/ation on the proedure" see
2!@!*!2 Configuring the &yste/ Priority and Port Priority of a ,#-<!
Step 0 If you want to 6uery the load sharing /ode" /ain port" sla0e port" or other infor/ation a.out
the ,#-<s" see 2!@!*!3 Euerying Infor/ation -.out a ,#-<!
....Ed
%+0+#" Veri8yin a D5AG
To he9 whether the onfigured ,#-< funtion wor9s nor/ally" 0erify whether all the .asi
funtions of the #-< are a0aila.le!
PrereBuisites
The ,#-< onfiguration /ust .e o/plete!
In the ,#-< as shown in +igure 2-3@" the ports onneted through lin9 1 funtion as /ain
ports" and the ports onneted through lin9 2 funtion as sla0e ports! Oou an 0erify the
,#-< in the following aspets7
If a networ9 fault ours" the ,#-< an .e suessfully swithed!
In re0erti0e /ode" the /ain port an .e swithed after the fault on the lin9 is retified!
Figure 1.1 ,#-< networ9ing diagra/
N51 N52
D,.G
,in- 1
,in- 2
Procedure
Step # If a networ9 fault ours" the ,#-< an .e suessfully swithed!
1! ,isonnet the fi.er or networ9 a.le fro/ the /ain port!
/enu!
3! In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D1 and then hoose Cofiguratio > Et$eret ,istributed
!i* Aggregatio Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
@! In the right pane" selet the ,#-< the onfiguration of whih is o/plete and then li9
+uer/! Che9 and ensure that the statuses of the wor9ing .oard and wor9ing port are
nor/al!
Step % In re0erti0e /ode" the /ain port an .e swithed after the fault on the lin9 is retified!
Copyright Huawei
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/enu!
2! In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D1 and then hoose Cofiguratio > Et$eret ,istributed
!i* Aggregatio Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
3! In the pane on the right side" selet the ,#-< the onfiguration of whih is o/plete
and then li9 +uer/! Che9 and ensure that the statuses of the wor9ing .oard and
wor9ing port are nor/al!
@! ,isonnet the fi.er or networ9 a.le fro/ the /ain port!
(! 2epeat &teps a to to 6uery the statuses of the wor9ing .oard and wor9ing port in the
,#-< on 'D1 and 'D2!
B! Connet the fi.er or networ9 a.le to the /ain port!
3! 2epeat &teps a to to 6uery the statuses of the wor9ing .oard and wor9ing port in the
,#-< on 'D1 and 'D2!
The wor9ing .oard and wor9ing port in the ,#-< on 'D1 and 'D2 return to the initial state! Oou an
infer that the ,#-< wor9s nor/ally!
....Ed
%+0+## Troubleshootin
Symptom
In the nor/al operation of the networ9" the onditions that trigger protetion swithing are
generated in the wor9ing path .ut the ser0ie fails to .e auto/atially swithed to the
protetion path! In this ase" the ser0ie is interrupted!
Possible Causes
The alar/ indiating a protetion swithing failure is reported on the '4&!
Troubleshootin -lo7
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Trou.leshooting flowhart
5n!
. specific a(ar"
occursL
Start
&an!(e te
a(ar"
Kes
No
'e fau(t is
rectifie!L
Kes
No
Contact &ua%ei
tecnica( support
en)ineers to an!(e
te fau(t
Procedure
Step # The alar/ indiating a protetion swithing failure is reported on the '4&!
1! Che9 whether the ,#-<HP2$TDCTH+-I# alar/ is reported on the '4&!
2! If yes" lear the alar/ and then he9 whether the fault is retified! +or details on how to
lear the alar/" see the Alarms and Performance Events Reference!
Step % If the fault persists" ontat Huawei tehnial support engineers to handle the fault!
....Ed
%+0+#% Relevant Alarms and Per8ormance :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents related to the ,#-< feature!
Relevant Alarms
Alarm Name Description
,#-<HP2$TDCTH
+-I#
The ,#-<HP2$TDCTH+-I# is an alar/ indiating that the ,#-<
protetion fails! If negotiation fails or any ano/aly ours during
the ,#-< protetion" the ,#-<HP2$TDCTH+-I# alar/ is
reported!
Copyright Huawei
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Relevant Per8ormance :vents
There are no perfor/ane e0ents related to the ,#-<!
%+0+#& Parameter DescriptionD Con6urin a D5AG
This topi desri.es the para/eters for onfiguring ,#-< protetion!
Ta.le 2-21 lists the para/eters for onfiguring ,#-< protetion!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for ,#-< protetion
#-< 'o! +or e;a/ple" 2 &peifies the nu/.er of the #-<!
#-< 'a/e +or e;a/ple"
,#-<1
&peifies the na/e of the #-<!
#oad
&haring
'on-&haring This para/eter speifies the load sharing /ode of a
distri.uted lin9 aggregation group!
4ain =oard 'D 'a/e-&lot I,-
=oard 'a/e
&peifies the /ain .oard in the #-<!
4ain Port +or e;a/ple"
P$2T3
&peifies the /ain port in the #-<!
&la0e =oard 'D 'a/e-&lot I,-
=oard 'a/e
&peifies the stand.y .oard in the #-<!
&la0e Port +or e;a/ple"
P$2T3
&peifies the stand.y port in the #-<!
2e0erti0e
4ode
2e0erti0e" 'on-
2e0erti0e
,efault 0alue7
2e0erti0e
The 2e&erti&e Mode 3,!A94 para/eter speifies
whether to swith a ser0ie .a9 to the /ain .oard that
reo0ers fro/ a fault!
If the ser0ie needs to .e swithed .a9 to the /ain

.oard" set 2e&erti&e Mode to 2e&erti&e!
If a ser0ie need not .e swithed .a9 to the /ain

.oard and is still trans/itted at the sla0e .oard" set
2e&erti&e Mode to No.2e&erti&e!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If 2e&erti&e Mode is set to 2e&erti&e" the ser0ie is

swithed .a9 to the /ain .oard that reo0ers fro/
a fault!
+or eah swithing e0ent" the transient interruption

ti/e of the ser0ie is less than three seonds!
To a0oid fre6uent swithing and to swith the

ser0ie only when the wor9ing .oard port fails"
selet No.2e&erti&e!
If the user re6uires that the /ain port arries the

ser0ie if it wor9s nor/ally" selet 2e&erti&e!
Copyright Huawei
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&tatus -ti0e" -dding &peifies the urrent status of the #-<!
Cor9ing
=oard
'D 'a/e-&lot I,-
=oard 'a/e
&peifies the atual wor9ing .oard in the #-<!
Cor9ing
Port
+or e;a/ple"
P$2T3
&peifies the atual wor9ing port in the #-<!
&yste/
Priority
0 to B((3( &peifies the priority of the #-<!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
Chen the lin9 aggregation groups at the loal and

opposite ends negotiate with eah other .y sending
#-CP pa9ets" they an get the syste/ priority of
the lin9 aggregation groups fro/ eah other! The
result seleted at the end of higher priority is ta9en
as the result for the two ends! If the syste/ priority
of the lin9 aggregation group is the sa/e at the two
ends" the syste/ 4-C addresses are o/pared! -
4-C address is used if it is of lower 0alue!
If the 0alue of %/stem )riorit/ is s/aller" the

syste/ priority of the lin9 aggregation group is
higher!
To ta9e the result seleted .y the stati lin9
aggregation group as the atual 0alue" set %/stem
)riorit/ to a s/aller 0alue!
2elatios$i-s wit$ Ot$er )arameters
The /e/.er port state in the lin9 aggregation group is
deided aording to these para/eters" suh as port
wor9ing /ode" port wor9ing rate" whether the port
reei0es #-CP pa9ets" port priority" and syste/
priority!
4ain Port
Priority
0-B((3(
,efault 0alue7
323B*
The Mai )ort )riorit/ 3,!A94 para/eter speifies
the priority of the /ain port in a distri.uted lin9
aggregation group (,#-<)! - port of higher priority is
preferred to arry the ser0ies!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If other onditions (suh as port rate and port wor9ing
/ode) are the sa/e" /odifying the port priority /ay
ause ser0ie swithing and interruption!
If the 0alue of )ort )riorit/ is s/aller" the priority

is higher!
To ena.le a port to .e preferred to arry the ser0ies"

set )ort )riorit/ to a s/aller 0alue! $therwise" set
)ort )riorit/ to a greater 0alue!
+or a ,#-<" to ena.le the /ain port to .e preferred

to arry the ser0ies" set the priority of the /ain
Copyright Huawei
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port in the ,#-< higher than that of the sla0e port!
- ,#-< uses the #-CP! The wor9ing state of a

/e/.er port in a lin9 aggregation group is deided
.y these para/eters suh as port wor9ing /ode"
port rate" port priority" and lin9 aggregation group
priority!
If 2e&erti&e Mode is set to No.2e&erti&e" the set

port priority does not ta9e effet!
&la0e Port
Priority
0-B((3(
,efault 0alue7
323B*
The %la&e )ort )riorit/ 3,!A94 para/eter speifies
the priority of the sla0e port in a ,#-<! The priority is
speified in the #-CP! - port of higher priority is
preferred to arry the ser0ies!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If other onditions (suh as port rate and port wor9ing
/ode) are the sa/e" /odifying the port priority /ay
ause ser0ie swithing and interruption!
If the 0alue of )ort )riorit/ is s/aller" the priority

is higher!
To ena.le a port to .e preferred to arry the ser0ies"

set )ort )riorit/ to a s/aller 0alue! $therwise" set
)ort )riorit/ to a greater 0alue!
+or a ,#-<" to ena.le the /ain port to .e preferred

to arry the ser0ies" set the priority of the /ain
port in the ,#-< higher than that of the sla0e port!
- ,#-< uses the #-CP! The wor9ing state of a

/e/.er port in a lin9 aggregation group is deided
.y these para/eters suh as port wor9ing /ode"
port rate" port priority" and lin9 aggregation group
priority!
If 2e&erti&e Mode is set to No.2e&erti&e" the set

port priority does not ta9e effet!
%+2 5CAS
%+2+# Introduction
This topi desri.es the #C-& in ter/s of .a9ground" funtion definition" and .enefits to
networ9s!
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Cith the di0erse and o/ple; de0elop/ent of the ser0ies trans/itted in the &,H networ9"
the de/ands for 0arious aess .andwidths inreasingly grow! -s a result" the pre0ious
/onotone .andwidth (suh as a 1C-@) no longer /eets the re6uire/ent! Hene" the
onatenation tehnology e/erges as the ti/es re6uire! Conatenation is lassified into
ad:aent onatenation and 0irtual onatenation! The latter is /ore fle;i.le than the for/er
and en:oys higher .andwidth utili8ation than the for/er does! =oth the ad:aent onatenation
and 0irtual onatenation ha0e the following pro.le/s7
Chen any physial hannel fails" all the onatenated hannels fail and all ser0ies are
interrupted!
-fter ser0ies are set up" if you ad:ust the .andwidth of the ser0ies" the ser0ies are
greatly affeted!
The lin9 apaity ad:ust/ent she/e (#C-&) tehnology e/erges as a solution to the
preeding pro.le/s! The #C-& i/pro0es and o/ple/ents the 0irtual onatenation
tehnology! The #C-& dyna/ially ad:usts the nu/.er of 0irtual ontainers re6uired for
ser0ie /apping to /eet the re6uire/ents of 0arious ser0ie .andwidths! This ele0ates the
.andwidth utili8ation and enhanes the ro.ustness of 0irtual onatenation!
The #C-& applies to only the 0irtually onatenated hannels!
-dopting the #C-& funtion .rings the networ9 with the following .enefits7
The #C-& dyna/ially ad:usts (adds or deletes) the ser0ie .andwidth without affeting
the a0aila.ility of the e;isting ser0ies!
Chen so/e of the physial hannels in a 0irtual onatenation group fail" with #C-&"
the failed hannels are shielded and the other physial hannels still transport the
ser0ies nor/ally! This pre0ents the ser0ies fro/ .eing interrupted when so/e of the
physial hannels fail! -fter the failed physial hannels are restored" they an transport
ser0ies!
#earning the .asi onepts helps you to understand #C-&!
Virtual Concatenation
1irtual onatenation (1C) refers to a she/e in whih 1C-12" 1C-3" or 1C-@ that are
distri.uted in different &T4-' ser0ies are onatenated (.y using the sa/e route or different
routes) into a 1C-@-;0 for trans/ission and are regrouped into an ad:aent .andwidth at the
trans/ission end point! To reali8e the 0irtual onatenation" the ter/inal e6uip/ent on the
hannel /ust support the onatenation funtion!
Virtual Container
1irtual ontainer refers to an infor/ation struture that supports the onnetions at the path
layer in the &,H! - 0irtual ontainer onsists of the infor/ation payload and path o0erhead
(P$H) infor/ation fields organi8ed in a .lo9 fra/e struture that repeats e0ery 12( us or
(00 us!
.appin
4apping refers to a proess in whih tri.utary signals are adapted into 0irtual ontainers at
the .oundary of an &,H networ9! +or e;a/ple" signals at 0arious .it rates (suh as 1@0
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4.it)s" 3@ 4.it)s" and 2 4.it)s) are :ustified and then filled into the standard ontainers!
Then" the orresponding higher order or lower order P$Hs are added to for/ the
orresponding 0irtual ontainers!
%+2+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that #C-& o/plies with!
#C-& o/plies with the following standards and protools7
IT5-T <!*0B Charateristis of transport e6uip/ent - ,esription /ethodology and
generi funtionality
IT5-T <!30@2)O!130((200() #in9 apaity ad:ust/ent she/e (#C-&)
%+2+0 Availability
The lin9 apaity ad:ust/ent she/e (#C-&) funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le
e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00" 1100200BC00 and
later
i4anager 52000 1100200(C00" 1100200BC02 and
later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
D+&* 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<T1 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
%+2+2 Principles
#earning the #C-& funtion priniple helps laid a foundation for onfiguring the #C-&
funtion!
The #C-& funtion is reali8ed .y dyna/ially ad:usting .etween 'Ds the nu/.er of 0irtual
ontainers re6uired for ser0ie /apping .ased on the ontrol infor/ation that is arried in the
reser0ed .ytes of the &,H fra/e struture! This /eets the de/ands for 0arious ser0ie
.andwidths and ele0ates the .andwidth utili8ation!
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%+2+2+# Dynamic )and7idth Increase
Chen you inrease the .andwidth dyna/ially .y using the #C-& funtion" inrease the
nu/.er of /e/.ers .ound to a 1CT25'G" whih does not interrupt ser0ies!
Chen you inrease the .andwidth dyna/ially" the proess of the ontrol infor/ation
interation .etween the soure and sin9 ends is as shown in +igure 2-3B!
Figure 1.1 Proess of ontrol infor/ation interation .etween the soure and sin9 ends during
dyna/i .andwidth inrease
Can a "e"$er
$e a!!e!L
Kes
Starts to a!!
a "e"$er
Rea!# to a!! a
"e"$er
Starts to e3tract
!ata fro" te
a!!e! "e"$er
Source en! Sin- en!
,uring dyna/i .andwidth inrease" the proess of the ontrol infor/ation interation
.etween the soure and sin9 ends is as follows7
1! Chen the .andwidth is ready to inrease at the soure end" the soure end infor/s the
sin9 end of the re6uest!
2! 5pon reeipt of the re6uest" the sin9 end he9s whether the neessary protools and
resoures at the sin9 end are a0aila.le for adding new /e/.ers at the soure end!
3! -fter onfir/ing that new /e/.ers an .e added" the sin9 end instruts the soure end
to add new /e/.ers!
@! 5pon a9nowledge/ent fro/ the sin9 end" the soure end starts to add new /e/.ers
and then infor/ the sin9 end of the data of the added /e/.ers!
(! The sin9 end stars to e;trat data of the added /e/.ers!
%+2+2+% Dynamic )and7idth Decrease
Chen you derease the .andwidth dyna/ially .y using the #C-& funtion" delete the
/e/.ers .ound to a 1CT25'G" whih does not interrupt ser0ies!
Chen you derease the .andwidth dyna/ially" the proess of the ontrol infor/ation
interation .etween the soure and sin9 ends is as shown in +igure 2-33!
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Figure 1.1 Proess of ontrol infor/ation interation .etween the soure and sin9 ends during
dyna/i .andwidth derease
Stops to e3tract
!ata fro" te
!e(ete! "e"$er
Rea!# to !e(ete a
"e"$er
Source en! Sin- en!
,uring dyna/i .andwidth derease" the proess of the ontrol infor/ation interation
1! The soure end deides to delete one /e/.er and lear the data that this /e/.er arry"
and then sends a /essage to the sin9 end to infor/ the sin9 end of this operation!
2! 5pon reeipt of the /essage" the sin9 end stops e;trating the data of the deleted
/e/.er!
%+2+2+& Deletion o8 -ailed .embers
Chen ertain physial hannels in a 0irtual onatenation group fail" with #C-& ena.led" the
failed hannels are shielded and the other physial hannels still trans/it the ser0ies
nor/ally! This pre0ents the ser0ies fro/ .eing interrupted when ertain physial hannels
fail!
,uring deletion of failed /e/.ers" the proess of the ontrol infor/ation interation .etween
the soure and sin9 ends is as shown in +igure 2-3*!
Figure 1.1 Proess of the ontrol infor/ation interation .etween the soure and sin9 ends during
deletion of failed /e/.ers
Detects a fai(e!
"e"$er
Stops (oa!in)
!ata to tis
"e"$er
Stops e3tractin)
!ata fro" te
fai(e! "e"$er
Source en! Sin- en!
,uring deletion of failed /e/.ers" the proess of the ontrol infor/ation interation .etween
the soure and sin9 ends is as follows7
1! Chen deteting any failed /e/.ers in the path" the sin9 end stops e;trating the data of
the failed /e/.ers and infor/s the soure end of the for/ation of the failed /e/.ers!
2! 5pon reeipt of the infor/ation of the failed /e/.ers" the soure end stops loading data
to the failed /e/.ers!
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%+2+2+0 Restoration o8 -ailed .embers
-fter the failed physial hannels are restored" they an trans/it ser0ies if the #C-&
funtion is ena.led!
,uring restoration of failed /e/.ers" the proess of the ontrol infor/ation interation
.etween the soure and sin9 ends is as shown in +igure 2-3A!
Figure 1.1 Proess of the ontrol infor/ation interation .etween the soure and sin9 ends during
restoration of failed /e/.ers
Source en! Sin- en!
'e fai(e! "e"$er
is restore!
,oa!s !ata to a
restore! "e"$er
Starts to e3tract !ata
fro" te restore!
"e"$er
,uring restoration of failed /e/.ers" the proess of the ontrol infor/ation interation
1! Chen deteting that the pre0iously failed /e/.ers are restored" the sin9 end infor/s the
soure end at one!
2! The soure end o.tains the data of the restored /e/.ers and reloads the data to the
restored /e/.ers" and then instruts the sin9 end to e;trat the data!
3! 5pon reeipt of the instrution" the sin9 end starts e;trating the data of the restored
/e/.ers!
%+2+4 Net7or,in and Application
%+2+4+# Dynamic )and7idth Ad=ustment
If the .andwidth of a ertain 1CT25'G is i/proper" the .andwidth need .e inreased or
dereased! ,uring .andwidth ad:ust/ent in the traditional /ode" ser0ies are interrupted!
,uring .andwidth ad:ust/ent .y using the #C-& funtion" only the nu/.er of 1CT25'G
/e/.ers need .e inreased or dereased to s/oothly swith the .andwidth without
interrupting the ser0ies!
-s shown in +igure 2-@0" the #C-& an add /e/.ers to dyna/ially inrease the .andwidth
without interrupting the ser0ies! The #C-& an also delete /e/.ers to dyna/ially derease
the .andwidth!
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Figure 1.1 ,yna/i .andwidth ad:ust/ent .y using the #C-&
.!!s 10> $an!%i!t
>e"$er
&F
7ranc
10> ne% "e"$er
>S': net%or-
OptiX N5
Ori)ina(
"e"$er
Ne%
"e"$er
>e"$er
>e"$er
>e"$er
&F 7ranc
%+2+4+% Protection o8 Virtual Concatenation
The #C-& an .e used to protet Dthernet ser0ies! Chen ertain /e/.ers fail" the #C-&
auto/atially suppress the/I the other /e/.ers still nor/ally transport data! This pre0ents
the entire 0irtual onatenation group fro/ .eo/ing una0aila.le! Chen the failed /e/.ers
.eo/e a0aila.le again" they are auto/atially restored" and the data is reloaded to the/!
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Figure 1.1 1irtual onatenation group protetion reali8ed .y using the #C-&
>e"$er
&F
7ranc Fai ( e! "e"$er
>e"$er
>e"$er
&F
De( etes te
fai ( e! "e"$er
>S': net%or-
Ori )i na(
"e"$er
Fai ( e!
"e"$er
Opti X N5
>e"$er
7ranc
-s shown in the figure a.o0e" assu/e that in nor/al state" a 1CT25'G /aps three 1C-12
0irtual onatenations and the .andwidth of the ser0ies is B4! Chen one hannel of 1C12-
30 fails" the #C-& suppress this failed /e/.er and ad:usts the apaity of the 1CT25'G! -t
this /o/ent" the .it rate of the ser0ies dereases and the syste/ reports an alar/ against the
loss of partial .andwidth! The ser0ies of the entire 1CT25'G" howe0er" are not interrupted!
-fter the failed /e/.er is restored" the #C-& reuse the restored /e/.er to transport dataI
the .andwidth of the ser0ies is restored to B4!
%+2+* Con6urin 5CAS
-fter you ena.le #C-&" an 'D dyna/ially ad:usts ser0ie .andwidth without affeting the
usa.ility of ser0ies!
PrereBuisites
The onfiguration that o/plies with the #C-& protool should /eet the following two
re6uire/ents7
N The onfigured ser0ies should .e .idiretional ser0ies that adopt 0irtual
onatenation!
N The networ9ing topology should .e of the point-to-point /ode!
Chen onfiguring the #C-& funtion" you /ust set the #C-& para/eters to the sa/e
0alues for the e6uip/ent at the two ends7
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N The #C-& ena.le)disa.le attri.ute of the e6uip/ent at the two ends /ust .e the
sa/e!
N The e6uip/ent at the two ends /ust .e set to the sa/e #C-& /ode!
Procedure
Step # In the 4ain Topology" selet the soure 'D to .e onfigured! 2ight-li9 this 'D and selet
NE Ex-lorer!
Step % In the +untion Tree" hoose Cofiguratio > %,> %er&ice Cofiguratio!
Step & Cli9 the Create .utton .elow the right-side pane" onfigure the &,H ser0ies .etween the
Dthernet .oard and the line .oard aording to the re6uire/ent!
Step 0 Cli9 OK! Cli9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
Step 2 2epeat &teps 1 to @ to onfigure the &,H ser0ies .etween the Dthernet .oard and the line
.oard on the sin9 'D!
Step 4 In the =oard Tree" selet the Dthernet .oard to .e onfigured with ser0ies! In the +untion
Tree" hoose Cofiguratio > Et$eret 1terface Maagemet > Et$eret 1terface!
Step * &elet 1teral )ort" and the internal port onfiguration interfae is displayed!
Step 1 In the 1teral )ort page" selet the Boud )at$ ta.!
Step / Cli9 Cofiguratio" and the .ound path onfiguration dialog .o; is displayed!
Step #" =ased on the ser0ie re6uire/ent" set eah para/eter of the .ound path one .y one!
Step ## Cli9 OK! Cli9 <es in the >it dialog .o; that is displayed! Then" Cli9 Close in the
Step #% &elet the !CA% ta." and the #C-& onfiguration interfae is displayed!
Step #& &et the #C-& para/eters! !
Step #0 Cli9 A--l/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" showing that the operation
sueeded!
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The lass of .ound path onfigured for the Dthernet .oard on the soure 'D /ust .e the
sa/e as that on the sin9 'D! $therwise" the #C-& funtion fails to .e onfigured!
If the e6uip/ent of Huawei is interonneted" set the /ode of #C-& to >uawei Mode for
e6uip/ent at the two ends!
If the e6uip/ent of Huawei is onneted to the e6uip/ent of other 0endors" set the /ode
of #C-& to %tadard Mode!
Step #2 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
%+2+1 Con6uration :9ample
This topi pro0ides a onfiguration e;a/ple to desri.e the appliation and onfiguration
proess of the #C-& funtion in atual ases!
%+2+1+# Description o8 the :9ample
The #C-& tehnology is widely used! +or e;a/ple" it is used in the .an9ing setor to /eet
the different .andwidth re6uire/ents at different ti/e of the day!
-s shown in +igure 2-@2" the lin9 .etween the head6uarters of a .an9 and one of its .ranhes
re6uires a 10 4.it)s .andwidth for routine .usiness during dayti/e! -t night" the .ranh
spends half an hour to trans/it its /ass .usiness data of the day to the data.ase of the
head6uarters for data .a9up! ,uring this ti/e period of data .a9up" a 100 4.it)s .andwidth
is re6uired! In the past" .an9s rented 100 4.it)s .andwidths on a long ter/ .asis to s/oothly
.a9 up their .usiness data! This is a huge waste of resoures! In suh ases" the #C-&
tehnology is highly ad0antageous!
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Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of the #C-& in a networ9
7
100>$an!%i!t
&F
7ranc .
7
>S':net%or-
10>ser/ices
OptiX N5
Ser/ice
$an!%i!t
:#sica(
$an!%i!t
Ori)ina( 10> ser/ices
D#na"ica((# increases
te ser/ice $an!%i!t
.
&F
N51
7ranc
7ranc
7ranc
D#na"ica((# increases
te ser/ice $an!%i!t
N52
N51 N52
%+2+1+% Con6uration Process
=ased on the preeding e;a/ple" onfigure the #C-& funtion as follows!
PrereBuisites
The ser0ie networ9 /ust .e suessfully set up and the o//uniation /ust .e nor/al!
The ross-onnetion fro/ the data .oard to the line .oard /ust .e onfigured!
The data .oards used on the interonneted 'Ds in the networ9 /ust support the #C-&
funtion!
This e;a/ple si/plifies the ser0ie types and re6uire/ent hanges whereas the atual
onditions /ay .e o/ple;! Configuration of the #C-& funtion and the dyna/i ad:ust/ent
proess" howe0er" are the sa/e!
The following proedures desri.e how to dyna/ially inrease the .andwidth when the
.andwidth re6uire/ent inreases during the wor9ing hours in the dayti/e!
Procedure
Step # Inrease the .andwidths of the .ound paths for the data .oards on the interonneted 'Ds on
the 52000! That is" in the Boud )at$ Cofiguratio dialog .o;" inrease the .andwidths
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for the a0aila.le resoures that are onfigured when the onfigura.le port" a0aila.le .ound
path" and ser0ie diretion re/ain unhanged! +or e;a/ple" add ti/eslots 1C-12-B to 1C-12-
(0 as the a0aila.le ti/eslots for the .ound path that uses 1C-@-@ as the a0aila.le resoure and
1C-12-1 to 1C-12-( as the a0aila.le ti/eslots! Hene" the .ound path an use ti/eslots 1C-
12-1 to 1C-12-(0 in 1C-@-@! In this /anner" the .andwidth used for .usiness inreases fro/
10 4.it)s to 100 4.it)s! +or details a.out the onfiguration /ethod" see 2!(!3 Configuring
#C-&!
Step % &elet 1teral )ort and then li9 the Boud )at$ ta. to he9 whether the .andwidth of
the .ound path is inreased!
Chen you inrease the .andwidths of the .ound paths for head6uarters and .ranhes" an alar/
indiating partial loss of .andwidths /ay .e reported! This alar/" howe0er" does not affet the ser0ies!
-fter the CT2 ti/e e;pires and the #C-& .eo/es sta.le" the alar/ is leared and the .andwidth an
reah 100 4.it)s!
....Ed
%+2+/ Veri8yin the 5CAS
1erify whether all the .asi funtions of the #C-& are a0aila.le to he9 whether the
onfigured #C-& funtion wor9s nor/ally!
PrereBuisites
The #C-& /ust .e onfigured .ased on the steps desri.ed in 2!(!3 Configuring #C-&!
Oou an perfor/ the 0erifiation .y he9ing the following ite/s7
Chether /e/.ers an .e dyna/ially adder or deleted without interrupting ser0ies
Chether failed /e/.ers an .e effeti0ely suppressed
Chether failed /e/.ers an .e restored
Chen the ser0ies on whih the #C-& funtion is ena.led are ad:usted" the orresponding
alar/ is reported on the 52000! This alar/ an .e used to 0erify whether the operation is
suessful!
,uring ad:ust/ent of the ser0ies" the #C-& protool he9s whether the onfigured
/e/.ers are the sa/e as the atually negotiated /e/.ers! Chen the atually .ound
/e/.ers at the soure or sin9 end are less than the onfigured /e/.ers" the opposite
end reports an alar/ indiating partial loss of .andwidths" suh as #C-&HP#C2 or
#C-&HP#CT!
Chen all /e/.ers are deleted" the loal end reports the #C-&HT#C2 and #C-&HT#CT
alar/s! The negotiation ti/es out and all the /e/.ers are fori.ly deleted due to failed
negotiation! This does affet the ser0ies!
If the state of the #C-& at one end is swithed fro/ ena.led to disa.led" the
#C-&H+$P2 alar/ indiating the failure of the #C-& protool (the #C-& protool fails
in the reei0e diretion) is reported at the other end!
Procedure
Step # 1erify the #C-& .y dyna/ially deleting /e/.ers at one end!
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1! $n the 4ain Topology" selet the 'D at one end! 2ight-li9 this 'D and hoose NE
Ex-lorer fro/ the shortut /enu!
2! Choose Cofiguratio > Et$eret 1terface Maagemet > Et$eret 1terface fro/
the +untion Tree!
3! &elet 1teral )ort" and the internal port onfiguration interfae is displayed!
@! In the internal port page" selet the Boud )at$ ta." and a list of the .ound paths is
displayed!
(! Cli9 Cofiguratio!
B! &elet ,is-la/ i Combiatio in the Boud )at$ Cofiguratio dialog .o; that is
displayed!
3! &elet the ti/eslots of the /e/.er to .e deleted fro/ the listed ti/eslots of the
/e/.ers" and li9 !
*! 2ight-li9 the data .oard on the opposite 'D" and hoose Browse Curret Alarms
A! In the Browse Curret Alarms dialog .o; that is displayed" the #C-&-related /inor
alar/s #C-&HP#C2 and #C-&HP#CT reported .y the syste/ are displayed!
If all /e/.ers of the .ound paths are deleted" the /a:or alar/ #C-&HT#C2 is reported at the loal end"
whih indiates full loss of .andwidths in the reei0e diretion!
Step % 1erify the #C-& .y dyna/ially adding /e/.ers at one end!
the +untion Tree!
3! &elet 1teral )ort" and the internal port onfiguration interfae is displayed!
@! In the internal port page" li9 the Boud )at$ ta." and a list of the .ound paths is
displayed!
(! Cli9 Cofigure" and add .ound paths aording to the re6uire/ent!
B! Cli9 OK! The new /e/.ers are added to the loal end!
3! &elet the data .oard to .e onfigured with the #C-& funtion in the $.:et Tree! 2ight-
li9 this .oard" and hoose Browse Curret Alarms fro/ the shortut /enu!
*! In the Browse Curret Alarms dialog .o; that is displayed" the #C-&-related /inor
The total traffi does not hange .eause new /e/.ers are dyna/ially added to only one end! Cli9
the Boud )at$ ta. and 6uery the atually used paths! Che9 whether the paths are the sa/e as the
paths .efore the new /e/.ers are added! The data .oard at the loal end reports the #C-&HP#C2
alar/" whereas no pa9ets are lost! If the e6ui0alent nu/.er of new /e/.ers is added to the other end"
the pre0ious #C-&HP#C2 alar/ is leared after the CT2 ti/e of the #C-& e;pires!
Step & 1erify the #C-& .y si/ulating suppressing failed /e/.ers!
2! Choose Cofiguratio%,> %er&ice Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree! The
/e/.ers that are onfigured with &,H ser0ies are displayed in the list of ross-
onnetions in the right pane!
3! &elet one or /ore /e/.ers to .e suppressed!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
@! Cli9 the ,eacti&ate .utton in the lower orner of the right pane! The Cofirm dialog
.o; is displayed" as9ing you whether to deati0ate the seleted ser0ie!
(! Cli9 OK! &uppressing the seleted /e/.ers is o/plete!
B! &elet the data .oard to .e onfigured with the #C-& funtion in the $.:et Tree!
the +untion Tree!
*! &elet 1teral )ort" and the internal port onfiguration interfae is displayed!
A! In the internal port page" li9 the Boud )at$ ta.!
10! Cli9 the +uer/ .utton!
11! =rowse the T$e #sed C$ael olu/n! The paths that orrespond to the deati0ated
/e/.ers are suppressed and .eo/e in0isi.le!
12! In the .oard list" selet the .oard to .e onfigured with the #C-& funtion! 2ight-li9
this .oard" and hoose Browse Curret Alarms fro/ the shortut /enu!
13! In the Browse Curret Alarms dialog .o; that is displayed" the #C-&-related /inor
1@! Euery the urrent alar/s of the data .oard to .e onfigured with the #C-& funtion on
the opposite 'D" and the sa/e alar/s are displayed!
#C-&HP#CT and #C-&HP#C2 indiate that the nu/.er of paths arrying payload in the trans/it
(reei0e) diretion of the 1CT25'G with the #C-& ena.led is s/aller than the nu/.er of onfigured
paths! -fter the ross-onnetions are deati0ated" paths that orrespond to the originally used paths
.eo/e in0isi.le! This indiates that the failed /e/.ers are suessfully suppressed!
Step 0 1erify the #C-& .y restoring failed /e/.ers!
1! =ased on &tep 3" selet the pre0iously deati0ated /e/.ers! Cli9 the Acti&ate .utton in
the lower area of the window! This operation an restore the failed ross-onnetions!
2! The Cofirm dialog .o; is displayed" as9ing you whether to ati0ate the seleted
ser0ies! Cli9 OK to restore the failed /e/.ers!
3! Perfor/ su.steps g to : in &tep 3! Then" in the T$e #sed C$ael olu/n" the paths that
orrespond to the suppressed /e/.ers .eo/e 0isi.le!
-fter the CT2 ti/e (300s .y default) of the #C-& e;pires" the pre0iously reported #C-&HP#C2 and
#C-&HP#CT alar/s are leared! This indiates that the failed /e/.ers are suessfully restored!
If the preeding 0erifiation ations an .e suessfully perfor/ed and the 6uery results are
the sa/e as the pre0ious desriptions" the #C-& funtion is onfigured suessfully!
....Ed
%+2+#" Troubleshootin
Oou need to .e fa/iliar with the sy/pto/s of the fault and trou.leshooting /ethod to loate
and retify the o//on faults in ti/e!
Symptoms
The o//on fault sy/pto/s are as follows7
The soure and sin9 ends fail to trans/it ontrol infor/ation! Hene" the negotiation
.etween the two ends is inorret and the #C-& funtion fails to .e ena.led!
Copyright Huawei
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If the .ound path of the data .oard is onfigured .efore the &,H ser0ies fro/ the data
.oard to the line .oard are onfigured" the #C-& funtion /ay fail to .e started
i//ediately!
Possible Causes
The possi.le auses are as follows7
The onfigured ti/eslots of the &,H ser0ies at the soure and sin9 ends are not
onsistent!
The paths .ound to the soure and sin9 ends are not inorret or lost!
The #C-& funtion at the soure and sin9 ends is not ena.led at the sa/e ti/e!
D;essi0e .it errors our in the ontrol infor/ation trans/itted .etween the soure and
sin9 ends!
52000
Troubleshootin -lo7
+igure 2-@3 shows the trou.leshooting flow when the #C-& funtion fails to .e nor/ally
ena.led!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Trou.leshooting flow
No
Kes
No
Kes
Start
Reconfi)ure te
ti"es(ots $oun! to te
5ternet $oar!s at te
source an! sin- en!s
Kes
Kes
No
No
Refer to te >aintenance
Gui!e >anua( to an!(e
te a(ar"s
Kes
Kes
No
No
No
Contact a &ua%ei
en)ineer to an!(e te
,C.S start ano"a(#
5n!
'e confi)ure! ti"es(ots of SD&
ser/ices at te source an! sin- en!s
are correct an! consistent
'e cross-connections $et%een
te source an! sin- en!s are
correct(# confi)ure! an! are
nor"a(
'e ti"es(ots actua((# $oun! to
te 5ternet $oar!s at te
source an! sin- en!s are not
a$nor"a( or (ost
No ,C.SJFO:R or
,C.SJFO:' a(ar" is
reporte!
Reconfi)ure te ti"es(ots of
SD& ser/ices at te source
an! sin- en!s
Reconfi)ure te cross-
connections $et%een te
source an! sin- en!s
No
Kes
No
'e ,C.S function is
starte!
Kes
'e ,C.S function is
starte!
'e ,C.S function is
starte!
'e ,C.S function is
starte!
Procedure
Cause 17 The onfigured ti/eslots of the &,H ser0ies at the soure and sin9 ends are
not onsistent!
1! 2ight-li9 the orresponding 'D on the 4ain Topology" and hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/
the shortut /enu!
2! Choose Cofiguratio%,> %er&ice Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree !
3! &elet the &,H ser0ie that is onfigured .etween the soure end and the sin9 end fro/
the ross-onnetion list in the right pane!
@! Cli9 the ,eacti&ate .utton in the lower orner of the right pane!
(! Cli9 OK in the Cofirm dialog .o; that is displayed!
B! 2ight-li9 the &,H ser0ie that is onfigured .etween the soure end and the sin9 end
fro/ the ross-onnetion list" and hoose Modif/ fro/ the shortut /enu!
3! Dnsure that the 1C-@ le0el and ti/eslot range of the soure and sin9 ends are onsistent
in the Modif/ %,> %er&ice dialog .o; that is displayed!
Cause 27 The paths .ound to the soure and sin9 ends are not inorret or lost!
the shortut /enu!
2! &elet the orresponding data .oard" and hoose CofiguratioEt$eret 1terface
MaagemetEt$eret 1terface fro/ the +untion Tree!
Copyright Huawei
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3! &elet 1teral )ort in the right pane and then selet Boud -at$!
@! Dnsure that the .ound path that is onfigured .etween the soure end and the sin9 end is
in the acti&e state!
(! &elet the .ound path that is fro/ the soure end to the sin9 end" and li9 the
Cofiguratio .utton in the lower orner of the right pane!
B! 2e-onfigure A&ailable 2esources and A&ailable Timeslots in the Boud )at$
Cofiguratio window that is displayed!
Cause 37 The #C-& funtion at the soure and sin9 ends is not ena.led at the sa/e ti/e!
the shortut /enu!
2! &elet the orresponding data .oard" and hoose CofiguratioEt$eret 1terface
MaagemetEt$eret 1terface fro/ the +untion Tree!
3! &elet 1teral )ort in the right pane and then li9 the !CA% ta.!
@! Choose the orresponding port! ,ou.le-li9 ,isabled in the Eablig !CA% olu/n"
and selet Eabled!
(! -fter ena.ling the re6uired ports" li9 A--l/ in the lower orner of the window! Cli9
Close in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
Cause @7 D;essi0e .it errors our in the ontrol infor/ation trans/itted .etween the
soure and sin9 ends!
To he9 whether the a.nor/al o//uniation is aused .y a long delay or e;essi0e .it errors" 6uery
the alar/ infor/ation on the 52000!
1! 2ight-li9 the orresponding 'D on the 4ain Topology" and hoose Browse Curret
Alarms fro/ the shortut /enu!
2! Che9 whether the 1C-TH#$- alar/ indiating that a e;essi0ely long delay is
ontained in the alar/ list!
3! &ee the "aintenance Guide to trou.leshoot the e;essi0ely long delay of the 0irtual
onatenation and e;essi0e .it errors!
....Ed
%+2+## Relevant Alarms and :vents
This topi desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are related to the #C-&!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
#C-&H+$P2 Protool failure in the #C-& reei0e diretion!
#C-&H+$PT Protool failure in the #C-& trans/it diretion!
#C-&HT#C2 #oss of all .andwidth in the #C-& reei0e diretion!
#C-&HT#CT #oss of all .andwidth in the #C-& trans/it diretion!
#C-&HP#C2 #oss of partial .andwidth in the #C-& reei0e diretion!
#C-&HP#CT #oss of partial .andwidth in the #C-& trans/it diretion!
1C-TH#$- ,elay of the 0irtual onatenation is o0er long!
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Alarm Name .eanin
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to linear #C-&!
%+2+#% 5CAS Con6uration Parameters
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for onfiguring the #C-&!
Ta.le 2-22 lists the para/eters for onfiguring the #C-&!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring the #C-&
Port 1CT25'Gn Indiates the 1CT25'G port! The letter n
indiates the nu/.er of the 1CT25'G port!
Dna.ling
#C-&
Dna.led" ,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
,isa.led
The Eablig !CA% para/eter an inrease or
derease the &,H networ9 apaity without
affeting the ser0ie! The apaity is
auto/atially dereased if a /e/.er fails" and is
auto/atially inreased if the /e/.er reo0ers!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-s a .idiretional protool" the #C-& an wor9
nor/ally only when so/e .andwidth is a0aila.le
in the .idiretional physial paths! If the
.andwidth is a0aila.le in the unidiretional
physial paths only" the #C-& /ay fail to
orretly ad:ust the .andwidth!
Oou an set Eablig !CA% as re6uired!
#C-& 4ode Huawei 4ode"
&tandard 4ode
,efault 0alue7
Huawei 4ode
The !CA% Mode para/eter speifies the
se6uene for the sin9 end to respond to the 4&T
and 2sH-9 /essages reei0ed fro/ the soure
end!
Huawei 4ode7 In0erts the 2&H-9 /essage"

and then trans/its the 4&T /essage!
&tandard 4ode7 Trans/its the 4&T /essage"

and then In0erts the 2&H-9 /essage!
Cofiguratio 9uideligs
If the interonneted e6uip/ent at the two ends

are Huawei e6uip/ent" selet >uawei Mode!
If Huawei e6uip/ent is interonneted to a

third-party e6uip/ent" set the interonneted
e6uip/ent to the sa/e /ode aording to the
Copyright Huawei
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/ode supported .y the third-party e6uip/ent!
Hold-$ff Ti/e
(/s)
0 to 10000 (in step
length of 100)
,efault 0alue7 2000
The >old.Off Time 3ms4(#C-&) para/eter is
also alled >O )rocedure Timer ,uratio! It
speifies >O )rocedure Timer ,uratio of the
#C-& protool! If the #C-& oe;ists with
another networ9-le0el protetion she/e (for
e;a/ple" 4&P or &'CP)" you an set this
para/eter to postpone the #C-& swithing!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The #C-& swithing tii/e is affeted!
+or e;a/ple" if .oth the 4&P and the #C-& are

a0aila.le in a networ9" set the #C-& hold off
ti/e to 2000 /s! If the networ9 fails" only the
4&P swithing ours" .ut the #C-&
swithing does not our!
The 5ser an set this para/eter aording to the
e;peted hold off ti/e of #C-& swithing!
This para/eter is 0alid only when Eablig
!CA% is set to Eabled!
CT2 Ti/e (s) 0 to 320
,efault 0alue7 300
The "T2 Time 3s4 para/eter is also alled
"T2 )rocedure Timer ,uratio! It speifies
"T2 )rocedure Timer ,uratio of the #C-&
protool! &et this para/eter to a0oid i/pat
aused .y the alar/ :itter on the lin9 status!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The fault reo0ery ti/e of the #C-& protool is
affeted! -fter the networ9 reo0ers fro/ a fault"
the #C-& protool an reo0er only after a CT2
duration!
The 5ser an set this para/eter aording to the
e;peted CT2 duration of #C-& reo0ery!
T&, Dna.led" ,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
Dna.led
The T%, 3!CA%4 para/eter speifies the =3 or
=IP error status of a 1CT25'G /e/.er! T&,
stands for trail signal degrade! Chen this
para/eter is set to Eabled" and if a 1CT25'G
/e/.er has e;essi0e =3 or =IP .it errors" the
#C-& protool regards that this /e/.er fails and
deletes it fro/ the a0aila.le /e/.ers! If this
para/eter is set to ,isabled" the #C-& protool
does not /onitor the status of the =3 or =IP .it
Copyright Huawei
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errors of a 1CT25'G /e/.er!
Oou an set whether to ena.le the T&, as
re6uired!
4in 4e/.ers -
Trans/it
,iretion
2 to 2(B
,efault 0alue7 2(B
Chen the #C-& is ena.led" the #C-&HP#CT
alar/ is reported if ertain /e/.ers in the
trans/it diretion fail and the nu/.er of 0alid
/e/.ers is s/aller than a ertain 0alue! The Mi
Members . Trasmit ,irectio para/eter
speifies the ertain nu/.er of the 0alid /e/.ers
in the trans/it diretion!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
Chen the #C-& is ena.led" failure of ertain
paths does not affet the ser0ie in the ase of
suffiient .andwidths! The user an set this
para/eter to ena.le the reporting of the
#C-&HP#CT alar/ only when the nu/.er of the
0alid /e/.ers in the trans/it diretion is s/aller
than a ertain 0alue!
&et this para/eter aording to the atual
re6uire/ent of the user!
4in 4e/.ers -
2eei0e
,iretion
2 to 2(B
,efault 0alue7 2(B
&peifies the /ini/u/ nu/.er of /e/.ers in the
reei0e diretion! If the #C-& is ena.led and the
nu/.er of 0alid /e/.ers is less than the
speified 0alue" an alar/ is reported!
%+4 5PT
-s a protetion she/e .ased on the lin9" the #PT passes through states of the point-to-point
lin9 and point-to-/ultipoint lin9! In this way" the #PT /a9es sure the networ9 le0el protetion
for the trans/ission of point-to-point pri0ate line ser0ies and for the trans/ission of the
point-to-/ultipoint on0ergene ser0ies!
%+4+# Introduction
This setion defines #PT and pro0ides the purpose of this feature!
De6nition
#in9-state pass through (#PT) detets a fault that ours at a ser0ie aess node or on a
ser0ie networ9 and then instruts the e6uip/ent at .oth ends of the networ9 to swith to a
Copyright Huawei
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.a9up networ9! #PT ensures nor/al data trans/ission! -s shown in +igure 2-@@" #PT-
ena.led 'D1 and 'D2 will disonnet their aess lin9s fro/ router - and router = if aess
lin9 1" aess lin9 2" or the ser0ie networ9 .eo/es faulty! Chen router - and router =
detet a lin9 fault .etween the/" they i//ediately swith to the .a9up networ9!
Figure 1.1 Typial appliation of #PT
N51 N52
.ccess (in- 1
.ccess (in- 2
Router .
Router 7
Ser/ice net%or-
7ac-up net%or-
<or-in) (in-
:rotection (in-
Purpose
#PT ena.led aess e6uip/ent detets lin9 faults and i//ediately swithes to a .a9up
networ9!
#earning the .asi onepts helps you get fa/iliar with the #PT funtion!
Primitive
In the hierarhy of the 'o! 3 signaling syste/" when the upper layer applies for ser0ies fro/
the lower layer or the lower layer pro0ides ser0ies for the upper layer" the data is e;hanged
.etween the user and the ser0ie pro0ider! In this ase" the signaling data trans/itted .etween
ad:aent layers is alled pri/iti0e!
Pass'Throuh
Pass-through refers to a situation in whih the data reei0ed is diretly forwarded in the
speified diretion" without any proessing!
)earer .ode
The .earer /ode refers to the /anner how the #PT protool pa9et is trans/itted! The #PT
.earer /ode 0aries aording to different #PT pa9ets! Chen the .earer /ode of the reei0ed
Copyright Huawei
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#PT pa9ets is not onsistent with that of the e6uip/ent at the reei0e end" the #PT pa9et is
disarded!
%+4+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that #PT o/plies with!
The #PT tehnology o/plies with Huawei proprietary protools!
%+4+0 Availability
The lin9-state pass through (#PT) funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent"
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00" 1100200BC00 and
later
i4anager 52000 1100200(C00" 1100200BC02 and
later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
D+&* 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<T1 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
%+4+2 Principles
=efore onfiguring the #PT funtion" you need to understand the i/ple/entation priniple of
the #PT!
%+4+2+# 5PT Principle
In the engineering appliation" data .etween users is aessed to the ser0ie networ9 through
the aess e6uip/ent! In this way" the data e;hange .etween users is reali8ed!
+igure 2-@( shows the #PT engineering diagra/!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 ,iagra/ of #PT engineering appliation
NE&
NE$
0S, A
3a*up
Networ*
Aess
No#e Li!* &
Ser(ie
Networ*
Aess
No#e Li!* $
0S, 3
Chen lin9 1 at the aess node is faulty" the #PT infor/s the interonneted e6uip/ent 2&-=
of the faulty state of lin9 1! In this way" the #PT funtion is reali8ed! Chen the lin9 .etween
'D2 and router 2&-= is interrupted" router 2&-= starts the .a9up networ9 to reonnet to
router 2&-- in the .a9up networ9!
The #PT funtion an .e ena.led in two /odes" that is" the standard /ode or the e;tended
/ode!
In the e;tended /ode" the #PT an perfor/ all funtions ena.led in the standard /ode and detet faults
of the ser0ie networ9 additionally!
#PT in the standard /ode
Chen lin9 1 at the aess node is faulty" router 2&-- detets the lin9 failure at the loal end!
In this ase" router 2&-- starts the .a9up networ9 and tries to o//uniate with router 2&-
=! +or router 2&-=" howe0er" it annot .e infor/ed of the faulty state at the 2&-- end and
perfor/s the o//uniation o0er the original networ9! In this ase" the o//uniation is
interrupted!
Chen the #PT is ena.led" the trans/ission e6uip/ent 'D1 detets the lin9 failure .etween
'D1 and router 2&--! In this ase" 'D1 trans/its #PT pa9ets to 'D2 at the opposite end!
Then 'D2 disonnets the lin9 at the loal end for the 2&-= port to detet the failure! Then
router 2&-= starts the .a9up networ9 and esta.lish the onnetion o0er .a9up networ9!
#PT in the e;tended /ode
Chen the failure in the ser0ie networ9 is deteted and the &,H swithing protetion fails"
the .oard detets the fault alar/ at the networ9 side and then starts the #PT funtion! In this
ase" the .oard trans/its the #PT pa9ets to the opposite end and interrupts the
o//uniation .etween the trans/ission e6uip/ent ('D1)'D2) and interonneted
e6uip/ent (2&--)2&-=)! -s a result" the .a9up networ9 is started for o//uniation!
Copyright Huawei
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%+4+2+% 5PT )earer .ode
To satisfy a ondition that the #PT fra/e an pass through different #ayer 2 networ9s" the
#PT is defined at #ayer 2!(! In this ase" the #PT an .e arried .y the /ediu/ aess ontrol
(4-C) fra/e" generi fra/ing proedure (<+P) /anage/ent fra/e and lient signal fail
(C&+) fra/e!
The .earer /ode 0aries with the 0ersions and .oards of different types! To ena.le the #PT funtion" the
#PT .earer /ode of the .oard at the opposite end /ust .e onsistent with that at the loal end!
)oard Name 5PT )earer .ode Supported
:thernet
.AC -rame
G-P
.anaement
-rame
CS- -rame
D<T1 'ot supported &upported &upported
D+&* &upported &upported &upported
D<&@ &upported &upported &upported
Structure o8 the 5PT -rame Carried by the G-P .anaement
-rame
The <+P is a data enapsulation protool that is essential and general for the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent! Hene" the <+P /anage/ent fra/e is preferred for .earing the #PT fra/e!
+igure 2-@B shows the for/at of the <+P /anage/ent fra/e that is used to arry the #PT
fra/e!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of the <+P /anage/ent fra/e
Ta.le 2-23 shows the definition of eah field in the fra/e struture!
Copyright Huawei
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Table 1.1 +ield definition of the <+P /anage/ent fra/e that supports the #PT fra/e
-ield 5enth
$bits(
.eanin Value o8 the
5PT
.anaement
-rame
<+PCor
eHeader
P#I (Payload
#ength
Indiator)
1B Indiates the length
of the payload filed
where the <+P
payload header and
payload are
a0aila.le" in the unit
of .yte!
Indiates *! 'ote7
Chen the hardware
does not support the
short pa9ets of *
.ytes" the length
should .e e;tended
to 1B .ytes!
HDC 1B C2C 0alue of the
ore header
2efers to the
algorith/ defined in
the <!30@1 protool!
<+PPayl
oadHead
er
Type+i
eld
PTI 3 Payload type @" whih indiates
the <+P lient
/anage/ent fra/e
P+I 1 Payload +C&
indiator
0" whih indiates
that the +C& is not
neessary
D%I @ <+P e;tended
header indiator
0" whih indiates
that no e;tend
header is a0aila.le
5PI * 5ser payload
indiator
2((" whih indiates
the pri0ate protool
tHDC 1B C2C 0alue of the
payload header
2efers to the
the <!30@1 protool!
<+PClie
ntPayloa
d
$P Type 1B $peration type of
the #PT
0;D1@0" whih
indiates the #PT
ontrol fra/e
$P Code 1B #PT operation ode &ee Ta.le 2-2@ for
details!
Padding
(optional and
not re6uired .y
default)
B@ &tuffing .yte -ll are filled with 0!
&ee Ta.le 2-2@ for the definition of the #PT operation ode!
Copyright Huawei
10B*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.2 ,efinition of the #PT $P ode
3P Code .eanin
0;0000 Indiates that the Dthernet fault is leared at the loal end!
0;0100 Indiates that the ser0ie networ9 fault is leared at the loal
end!
0;0200 Indiates that the Dthernet fault ours at the loal end!
0;0300 Indiates that the fault ours in the ser0ie networ9!
0;*000 Indiates the response that ?the Dthernet fault is leared at
the loal end?!
0;*100 Indiates the response that ?the ser0ie networ9 fault is
leared at the loal end?!
0;*200 Indiates the response that ?the Dthernet fault ours at the
loal end?!
0;*300 Indiates the response that ?the ser0ie networ9 fault ours
at the loal end?!
Structure o8 the 5PT -rame Carried by the .AC -rame
Chen the #PT is de0eloped initially" the <+P is not widely used! Hene" the #PT funtion
supported .y the Dthernet .oard at the early ti/e is .ased on the Dthernet 4-C fra/e! Chen
the #PT fra/e is arried .y the Dthernet 4-C fra/e at the present stage" the standard fra/e
for/at /ust .e used! &ee +igure 2-@3 for details!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of the 4-C fra/e that arries the #PT fra/e
>.C D. >.C S.
'#pe
0351B0
Op Co!e :a!!in) FCS
Ta.le 2-2( shows the definition of eah field in the fra/e struture!
Table 1.1 +ield definition of the 4-C fra/e that arries the #PT fra/e
-ield 5enth
$bytes(
.eanin Value
4-C ,- B ,estination 4-C
address
,efined as 00-00-(@-(3-
@(-@@
4-C &- B &oure 4-C address ,efined as B+-@,-3+-,0-
=0-00
Type 2 Dthernet type 0;D1@0" whih indiates
the #PT ontrol fra/e
$P Code 2 #PT operation ode &ee Ta.le 2-2@ for
Copyright Huawei
10BA
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield 5enth
$bytes(
.eanin Value
details!
Padding @@ -dditional @@ .ytes
are e;tended to /a9e
sure that the length of
the shortest pa9ets is
B0 .ytes" e;luding
the +C&!
-ll are filled with 0!
+C& @ C2C-32 0alue &tandard algorith/
Structure o8 the 5PT -rame Carried by the CS- -rame
The struture of the #PT fra/e arried .y the C&+ fra/e is si/ilar to that arried .y the <+P
/anage/ent fra/e! &ee +igure 2-@B for details! The differene lies in the /eaning of 0alue in
eah field! &ee Ta.le 2-2B for details!
Table 1.1 +ield definition of the C&+ fra/e that arries the #PT fra/e
-ield 5enth
$bits(
.eanin Value o8 the
5PT
.anaement
-rame
<+PCor
eHeader
P#I 1B Indiates the length
of the payload filed
where the <+P
payload header and
payload are
a0aila.le" in the unit
of .yte!
Indiates *! 'ote7
Chen the hardware
does not support the
short pa9ets of *
.ytes" the length
should .e e;tent to
1B .ytes!
HDC 1B C2C 0alue of the
ore header
2efers to the
the <!30@1 protool!
<+PPayl
oadHead
er
Type+i
eld
PTI 3 Payload type @" whih indiates
the <+P lient
/anage/ent fra/e
P+I 1 Payload +C&
indiator
0" whih indiates
that the +C& is not
neessary
D%I @ <+P e;tended
header indiator
0" whih indiates
that no e;tend
header is a0aila.le
5PI * 5ser payload
indiator
1
tHDC 1B C2C 0alue of the 2efers to the
Copyright Huawei
1030
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-ield 5enth
$bits(
.eanin Value o8 the
5PT
.anaement
-rame
payload header algorith/ defined in
the <!30@1 protool!
<+PClie
ntPayloa
d
$P Type 1B #PT operation type -ll are filled with 0!
$P Code 1B #PT operation ode -ll are filled with 0!
Padding
(optional" not
re6uired .y
default)
B@ &tuffing .yte -ll are filled with 0!
%+4+2+& 5PT State .iration
The #PT funtion is reali8ed .y a state /igration where si; .asi states are in0ol0ed!
&ee +igure 2-@*!
Copyright Huawei
1031
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 #PT state /igration diagra/
.ccess No!e
Fau(t State 'B
Ser/ice Net%or-
Fau(t State
.ccess No!e
Fau(t State '1
Nor"a(
<or-in) State
<ait-to-restore
@<'RA state
Fau(t Response
State of te .ccess
No!e
5
1
17 1D
8 9
12
15
B 3
10
19
D
7
18
2
11
1B
13
Normal ;or,in State
Indiates that the state when .oth the aess node networ9 and ser0ie networ9 run nor/ally!
Initially" the loal end and opposite end are in the 'or/al Cor9ing &tate!
;ait'to'Restore State
Chen the fault ours in the aess node networ9 or in the ser0ie networ9 at the opposite
end" the ser0ie e6uip/ent at the loal end reei0es the =ro9en ontrol fra/e that is
trans/itted .y the opposite end! In this ase" the loal end transits to the Cait-To-2estore
state!
-aulty State o8 the Service Net7or,
Chen the fault ours in the ser0ie networ9 .etween two piees of ser0ie e6uip/ent" the
o//uniation is interrupted! In this ase" the end that reei0es the fault alar/ of the ser0ie
networ9 transits to the +aulty &tate of the &er0ie 'etwor9!
Copyright Huawei
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-aulty State T# o8 the Access Node Net7or,
Chen the fault ours on the lin9 .etween the user end and ser0ie e6uip/ent" the end that
reei0es the fault alar/ transits to the +aulty &tate T1 of the -ess 'ode 'etwor9! In this
ase" the ser0ie e6uip/ent tries to aess the aess node lin9! The /a;i/u/ duration of this
state is T1!
-aulty State T0 o8 the Access Node Net7or,
Chen the following two onditions are satisfied at the sa/e ti/e" the aess node lin9 is
interrupted for the seond ti/e! 1! The ser0ie e6uip/ent is in the +aulty &tate T1 of the
-ess 'ode 'etwor9! 2! The ser0ie e6uip/ent fails to aess the aess node networ9
within T1! In this ase" the ser0ie e6uip/ent transits to the +aulty &tate T@ of the -ess
'ode 'etwor9! The /a;i/u/ duration ti/e of this state is T@!
-ault Response State o8 the Access Node
In the 'or/al Cor9ing &tate" the ser0ie e6uip/ent at the loal end reei0es the fra/e
trans/itted .y the opposite end as the response to the =ro9en ontrol fra/e of the aess node
fault! In this ase" the loal end transits to the +ault 2esponse &tate of the -ess 'ode!
%+4+2+0 5PT Anti'?itter Processin
In the ase of :ittering" a lin9 /ay .e swithed fre6uently! Hene" to ena.le the #PT funtion"
the anti-:itter proessing should .e perfor/ed!
+igure 2-@A shows the anti-:itter proessing!
Figure 1.1 ,iagra/ of lin9 anti-:itter proessing
t
Nor"a(
,in-
Fau(t#
,in-
t1'0 'e (in- is consi!ere! as nor"a(*
t2'0 'e (in- is consi!ere! as fau(t#*
t1 t2
The lin9 is faulty unless the lin9 is una0aila.le for T0 (fault detetion ti/e) or a.o0e! If the
lin9 is faulty for a period of ti/e that less than T0" the lin9 is nor/al!
%+4+4 Net7or,in and Application
The #PT funtion protets the point-to-point pri0ate line ser0ie and the point-to-/ultipoint
on0ergene ser0ie at the networ9 le0el!
Copyright Huawei
1033
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
%+4+4+# Point'to'Point 5PT Application
The point-to-point #PT funtion is used to detet faults on the aess node lin9 or on the
ser0ie networ9 for point-to-point pri0ate line ser0ies!
Access Node 5in, -ault
+ault loating
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
7ro-en
Report te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
Disconnect te (in-
an! report te a(ar"
Ser/ice
Net%or-
1! &er0ie e6uip/ent - detets that the lin9 at the aess node is faulty" and then reports the
alar/ indiating the fault that ours at the loal end! In addition" e6uip/ent - trans/its
the =ro9en ontrol fra/e to e6uip/ent =!
2! -fter reei0ing the =ro9en ontrol fra/e" ser0ie e6uip/ent = disonnets the loal
onnetion and reports the alar/!
#in9 reo0ery
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
NonJ7ro-en
C(ear te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
Reco/er te
(in-
Ser/ice
Net%or-
1! &er0ie e6uip/ent - detets that the lin9 at the aess node is reo0ered" and then
trans/its the 'onH=ro9en ontrol fra/e to ser0ie e6uip/ent =!
2! -fter reei0ing the 'onH=ro9en ontrol fra/e" ser0ie e6uip/ent = reo0ers the loal
onnetion!
Service Net7or, -ault
+ault loating
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
Net%or-
7ro-en
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
7ro-en
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
=oth ser0ie e6uip/ent - and = detet that the ser0ie networ9 is una0aila.le and then
trans/it the =ro9en pri/iti0es to the opposite ends respeti0ely! -t the sa/e ti/e" ser0ie
e6uip/ent - and = disonnet their onnetions to loal users!
In this ase" it is not neessary to he9 whether the ser0ie networ9 fault is unidiretional or
.idiretional for the following reasons7
Copyright Huawei
103@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
If the ser0ie networ9 fault is .idiretional" ser0ie e6uip/ent - and = an detet the fault on the
ser0ie networ9! -s a result" either of the two sets of e6uip/ent an disonnet the onnetion
.etween the loal end and the user" and an trans/it the =ro9en pri/iti0es to the opposite end at the
sa/e ti/e!
If the ser0ie networ9 fault is unidiretional" for e;a/ple" if the lin9 in the diretion fro/ ser0ie
e6uip/ent - to = is faulty" only ser0ie e6uip/ent - an detet the ser0ie networ9 fault! In this
ase" ser0ie e6uip/ent - disonnets the onnetion .etween the loal end and aess node 1 and
trans/its the =ro9en pri/iti0es to e6uip/ent = in the diretion fro/ e6uip/ent - to = o0er the
ser0ie networ9 where no faults our! -fter reei0ing the =ro9en pri/iti0es" ser0ie e6uip/ent =
disonnets the onnetion .etween the loal end and aess node 2! In this /anner" the fault on the
ser0ie networ9 is deteted!
#in9 reo0ery
NonJ
7ro-en
NonJ
7ro-en
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
Net%or-
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
=oth ser0ie e6uip/ent - and = detet that the ser0ie networ9 is reo0ered" and then notify
the opposite end that the lin9 is reo0ered .y trans/itting the 'onH=ro9en pri/iti0es
respeti0ely! In addition" ser0ie e6uip/ent - and = reo0er their onnetions to loal users!
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
Net%or-
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
&er0ie e6uip/ent - and = reo0er the loal lin9 when any of the following ondition is /et!
1! &er0ie e6uip/ent - and = reei0e the 'onH=ro9en pri/iti0es trans/itted .y the
opposite ends respeti0ely!
2! 2eeption of the =ro9en fra/e ti/es out!
%+4+4+% Point'to'.ultipoint 5PT Application
The point-to-/ultipoint #PT funtion is used to detet faults on the aess node lin9 or the
ser0ie networ9 that arries point-to-/ultipoint on0ergene ser0ies!
The point-to-/ultipoint #PT funtion handles the fault in one diretion or .oth diretions of a ser0ie
networ9 .y using the sa/e /ethod!
-ault on the 5in, Connected to the Access Node on the
Converence Node Side
+ault detetion
Copyright Huawei
103(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
C
7ro-en
7ro-en
Report te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
Disconnect te
(in- an! report te
(in- fau(t a(ar"
Con/er)ence
No!e
Disconnect te
(in- an! report te
(in- fau(t a(ar"
&er0ie e6uip/ent - that is onneted to the on0ergene node detets that the lin9 onneted
to the aess node is faulty" and reports the alar/ indiating the fault! In addition" ser0ie
e6uip/ent - trans/its =ro9en pa9ets to ser0ie e6uip/ent = and C! -fter reei0ing the
=ro9en pa9ets" e6uip/ent = and C ut off the onnetions at the loal end and report the lin9
fault alar/!
+ault reo0ery
Con/er)ence
No!e
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
C
NonJ7ro-en
NonJ7ro-en
C(ear te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
Reco/er
te (in-
Reco/er
te (in-
&er0ie e6uip/ent - detets that the preeding fault is retified" and lears the alar/
indiating the fault! In addition" ser0ie e6uip/ent - trans/its 'on-=ro9en pa9ets to ser0ie
e6uip/ent = and C! -fter reei0ing the 'on-=ro9en pa9ets" e6uip/ent = and C reo0er the
onnetions at the loal end and lear the lin9 fault alar/!
-ault on the 5in, Connected to the Access Node on the Access
Node Side
&enario 1
N +ault detetion
Con/er)ence
No!e
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
C
7ro-en
7ro-en
Report te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
Disconnect te
(in- an! report te
(in- fau(t a(ar"
Disconnect te
(in- an! report te
(in- fau(t a(ar"
1! &er0ie e6uip/ent = that is onneted to aess node 1 detets that the lin9 onneted to
the aess node is faulty" and reports the alar/ indiating the fault! In addition" ser0ie
e6uip/ent = trans/its a =ro9en pa9et to ser0ie e6uip/ent -!
Copyright Huawei
103B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2! -fter reei0ing the =ro9en pa9et" ser0ie e6uip/ent - uts off the onnetion at the
loal end and reports the lin9 fault alar/! In addition" ser0ie e6uip/ent - trans/its a
=ro9en pa9et to ser0ie e6uip/ent C!
3! -fter reei0ing the =ro9en pa9et" ser0ie e6uip/ent C uts off the onnetion at the
loal end and reports the lin9 fault alar/!
N +ault reo0ery
Con/er)ence
No!e
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
C
NonJ7ro-en
NonJ7ro-en
C(ear te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
Reco/er
te (in-
Reco/er
te (in-
1! &er0ie e6uip/ent = detets that the preeding fault is retified" and lears the alar/
indiating the fault! In addition" ser0ie e6uip/ent = trans/its a 'on-=ro9en pa9et to
ser0ie e6uip/ent -!
2! -fter reei0ing the 'on-=ro9en pa9et" e6uip/ent - reo0ers the onnetion at the loal
end and lears the lin9 fault alar/! In addition" e6uip/ent - trans/its a 'on-=ro9en
pa9et to ser0ie e6uip/ent C!
3! -fter reei0ing the 'on-=ro9en pa9et" ser0ie e6uip/ent C reo0ers the onnetion at
the loal end and lears the lin9 fault alar/!
&enario 2
N +ault detetion
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
C
7ro-en
7ro-en
Con/er)ence
No!e
Report te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
Report te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
Disconnect te
(in- an! report te
(in- fau(t a(ar"
1! &er0ie e6uip/ent = that is onneted to aess node 1 detets that the lin9 onneted to
e6uip/ent = trans/its a =ro9en pa9et to ser0ie e6uip/ent -!
2! &er0ie e6uip/ent C that is onneted to aess node 2 detets that the lin9 onneted to
e6uip/ent C trans/its a =ro9en pa9et to ser0ie e6uip/ent -!
3! -fter reei0ing the =ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent - uts off the onnetions at the
loal end and reports the lin9 fault alar/!
N +ault reo0ery
Copyright Huawei
1033
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
C
Con/er)ence
No!e
NonJ7ro-en
NonJ7ro-en
Reco/er
te (in-
C(ear te
(in- fau(t
a(ar"
C(ear te
(in- fau(t
a(ar"
1! &er0ie e6uip/ent = detets that the preeding fault is retified" and lears the alar/
indiating the fault! In addition" ser0ie e6uip/ent = trans/its a 'on-=ro9en pa9et to
ser0ie e6uip/ent -!
2! &er0ie e6uip/ent C detets that the preeding fault is retified" and lears the alar/
indiating the fault! In addition" ser0ie e6uip/ent C trans/its a 'on-=ro9en pa9et to
ser0ie e6uip/ent -!
3! -fter reei0ing the 'on-=ro9en pa9ets" ser0ie e6uip/ent - reo0ers the onnetions
at the loal end and lears the lin9 fault alar/!
-ault on the Service Net7or,
&enario 1
N +ault detetion
Figure 1.1 +ault on the ser0ie networ9 1
Con/er)ence
No!e
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
C
7ro-en
7ro-en
Disconnect te
(in- an! report te
(in- fau(t a(ar"
Disconnect te
(in- an! report te
(in- fau(t a(ar"
Disconnect te
(in- an! report te
(in- fau(t a(ar"
The fault ours in .oth diretions of the ser0ie networ9 .etween ser0ie e6uip/ent -
and =! In this ase" ser0ie e6uip/ent - and = ut off their respeti0e loal onnetions
and report the lin9 fault alar/! In addition" ser0ie e6uip/ent - trans/its a =ro9en
pa9et to ser0ie e6uip/ent C! -fter reei0ing the =ro9en pa9et" ser0ie e6uip/ent C
uts off the onnetion at the loal end and reports the lin9 fault alar/!
N +ault reo0ery
Copyright Huawei
103*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Con/er)ence
No!e
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
C
NonJ7ro-en
NonJ7ro-en
Reco/er te (in-
an! c(ear te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
Reco/er te (in-
an! c(ear te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
Reco/er te (in-
an! c(ear te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
The fault in .oth diretions is retified! In this ase" ser0ie e6uip/ent - and = ut off
their respeti0e loal onnetions and lear the lin9 fault alar/! In addition" ser0ie
e6uip/ent - trans/its a 'on-=ro9en pa9et to ser0ie e6uip/ent C! -fter reei0ing the
'on-=ro9en pa9et" ser0ie e6uip/ent C reo0ers the onnetion at the loal end and
lears the lin9 fault alar/!
&enario 2
N +ault detetion
Figure 1.2 +ault on the ser0ie networ9 2
Con/er)ence
No!e
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
C
7ro-en
7ro-en
Disconnect te
(in- an! report te
(in- fau(t a(ar"
Disconnect te
(in- an! report te
(in- fau(t a(ar"
Disconnect te
(in- an! report te
(in- fau(t a(ar"
The fault ours in .oth diretions of the ser0ie networ9 .etween ser0ie e6uip/ent -
and =! In this ase" ser0ie e6uip/ent - and = ut off their respeti0e loal onnetions
and report the lin9 fault alar/! -nd the fault ours in .oth diretions of the ser0ie
networ9 .etween ser0ie e6uip/ent - and C! In this ase" ser0ie e6uip/ent C uts off
the onnetion at the loal end and reports the lin9 fault alar/!
N +ault reo0ery
Con/er)ence
No!e
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
.
.ccess
No!e 1
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
7
.ccess
No!e 2
Ser/ice
5?uip"ent
C
NonJ7ro-en
NonJ7ro-en
Reco/er te (in-
an! c(ear te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
Reco/er te (in-
an! c(ear te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
Reco/er te (in-
an! c(ear te (in-
fau(t a(ar"
The fault in .oth diretions is retified! In this ase" ser0ie e6uip/ent - and = ut off
their respeti0e loal onnetions and lear the lin9 fault alar/! -nd the fault in .oth
Copyright Huawei
103A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
diretions is retified! In this ase" ser0ie e6uip/ent C reo0ers the onnetion at the
loal end and lears the lin9 fault alar/!
%+4+* Con6urin 5PT
#in9-state pass through (#PT) is used to return the re/ote-end lin9 status to the near end! The
near-end e6uip/ent perfor/s operations depending on the re/ote-end lin9 status! The
Dthernet .oard periodially /onitors the networ9 to 9now the Dthernet status! +or the hange
in the onnetion status (fro/ up to down or fro/ down to up) of Dthernet ports" if the hange
is aused .y the opposite e6uip/ent" a .oard at the loal end" networ9 a.le" hu/an fators
and other reasons" you an use the #PT funtion to 6ui9ly swith the route to the e6uip/ent
on .oth ends!
%+4+*+# Con6urin Point'to'Point 5PT
+or the Dthernet ser0ie with protetion lin9s" if the #PT is ena.led on the port" the ser0ie
auto/atially swithes to the protetion lin9s when the wor9ing lin9s .eo/e faulty!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet .oard /ust support the #PT funtion!
The DP# ser0ie /ust .e onfigured!
Precautions
Point-to-point #PT and point-to-/ultipoint #PT are /utually e;lusi0e! Therefore" you an selet only
one onfiguration /ode to reali8e the #PT funtion!
Procedure
Maagemet > !)T Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 +uer/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 Close!
Step & &elet a P$2T and a 1CT25'G port" and then set the following para/eters!
If #PT is ena.led" you an set )rot.T/-e )ort >old.Off Time3ms4 and 'CT2#NK )ort >old.Off
Time3ms4 as re6uired!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/ and a pro/pt appears telling you the operation was suessful!
Step 2 Cli9 Close!
Step 4 2epeat &teps 1 through ( to onfigure point-to-point #PT for the opposite 'D!
Copyright Huawei
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....Ed
%+4+*+% Con6urin Point'to'.ultipoint 5PT
Point-to-/ultipoint lin9 state pass through (#PT) is applia.le to a tree networ9! Chen you
onfigure #PT" /a9e sure that the topology is the sa/e as the topology of ser0ies!
$therwise" ser0ies /ay .e interrupted!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet .oard /ust support the #PT funtion!
The signal flow and ti/eslot alloation of the data ser0ie /ust .e onsistent with the
#PT topology!
-s shown in +igure 2-(2" the head6uarters of a o/pany e;hanges ertain i/portant data
with three .ranhes!
Figure 1.1 &a/ple appliation
7ac-up
Net%or-
N53
N52
N51
N5B
5ternet port
:OR'1
&ea!?uarters
7ranc .
7ranc C
VC'R0NP port
VC'R0NP1
VC'R0NP1
VC'R0NP2
VC'R0NP1
:OR'1
7ranc 7
:OR'2
:OR'1
7ac-up
Net%or-
'or/ally" ser0ies are trans/itted through the ring networ9! In addition" the head6uarters is
onneted to the three .ranhes through .a9up networ9s!
-ssu/e that the lin9 .etween the head6uarters and P$2T1 of the data .oard on 'D1 is faulty
or the ring networ9 is faulty! In this ase" ser0ies at all the aess points need to .e swithed
Copyright Huawei
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to the .a9up networ9 in a ti/ely /anner" to ensure nor/al o//uniation with the
head6uarters! Therefore" you need to onfigure the point-to-/ultipoint #PT on data .oards of
'D1 and 'D2" and onfigure point-to-point #PT on data .oards of 'D1 and 'D3 respeti0ely!
In the ase of the data .oard on 'D1" P$2T1 is the on0ergene point" while
1CT25'G1 port and 1CT25'G2 port are the aess points!
In the ase of the data .oard on 'D2" 1CT25'G1 port is the on0ergene point" while
P$2T1 and P$2T2 are the aess points!
Precautions
Point-to-point #PT and point-to-/ultipoint #PT are /utually e;lusi0e! $n one .oard" you
an selet only one onfiguration /ode to reali8e the #PT funtion!
Procedure
Maagemet > !)T Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 )toM) !)T!
Step % In the !)T Maagemet window" li9 New!
Step & In the Create !)T window" selet )ort fro/ the Co&ergece )oit pane" and set >old.Off
Time3ms4!
If the port at the on0ergene point is a 1CT25'G port" you need to set Bearer Mode!
Step 0 In the Access )oit pane" selet an appropriate )ort and li9 ! ,ou.le-li9
Bearer Mode and selet an appropriate .earer /ode fro/ the drop-down list!
Copyright Huawei
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If the port at the on0ergene point is not a 1CT25'G port" do not set Bearer Mode!
If you want to /odify Bearer Mode" you an /odify it in the Modif/ !)T window!
Step 2 Cli9 OK! The $peration 2esult dialog .o; is displayed telling you that the operation was
suessful! Cli9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o;!
Step 4 2epeat &teps 1 through ( to onfigure point-to-/ultipoint #PT for other 'Ds!
....Ed
%+4+1 Veri8yin the 5PT
&i/ulate the fault on the lin9 where the aess node is in0ol0ed and 6uery the reported alar/
to he9 whether the #PT is onfigured suessfully!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet ser0ie /ust .e onfigured on the speified port!
The #PT funtion /ust .e ena.led for the trans/ission e6uip/ent at the loal and
opposite ends!
ToolsC InstrumentsC and .aterials
52000
Procedure
Step # 2ight-li9 the 'D ion on the 4ain Topology" and hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the shortut
/enu!
Step % &elet the orresponding Dthernet .oard" and hoose Cofiguratio > Et$eret 1terface
Maagemet > !)T Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step & Cli9 +uer/ in the lower right orner to he9 whether the #PT funtion of the speified port
is ena.led nor/ally!
Step 0 ,isonnet the lin9 of the loal aess node! +or e;a/ple" disonnet lin9 1 of the aess
node as shown in
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NE&
NE$
0S, A
3a*up
Networ*
Aess
No#e Li!* &
Ser(ie
Networ*
Aess
No#e Li!* $
0S, 3
!
Step 2 Euery the alar/s at the opposite end! If the DTHH#$& and #PTH2+I alar/s are reported at
the opposite end" the #PT is onfigured suessfully!
....Ed
%+4+/ Related Alarms and :vents
This topi desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are related to the #PT funtion!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
#PTH2+I 2e/ote fault alar/!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to #PT!
%+4+#" 5PT Con6uration Parameters
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for onfiguring the #PT funtion!
Ta.le 2-23 lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring the #PT!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring the #PT
Port +or e;a/ple7 P$2T1 Indiates the e;ternal port of the .oard!
1CT25'G
Port
+or e;a/ple7
1CT25'G1
Indiates the 1CT25'G port where DP#
ser0ies are transparently trans/itted!
Copyright Huawei
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,iretion Positi0e" 2e0erse Indiates the diretion of the DP# ser0ies that
are transparently trans/itted on the port!
The diretion is ?Positi0e? if the soure port is
a P$2T port and the sin9 port is a 1CT25'G
port! The diretion is ?2e0erse? if the soure
port is a 1CT25'G port and the sin9 port is a
P$2T port!
#PT Oes" 'o
,efault 0alue7 'o
The !)T para/eter speifies whether the lin9
state pass through (#PT) funtion is ena.led!
The #PT is a tehnology de0eloped .y
Huawei to inrease the speed of the lin9 state
response! Through the #PT protool" the faults
on the ser0ie aess point and in the
inter/ediate networ9 an .e deteted and
reported!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
Chen the #PT funtion is ena.led" the faults
on the ser0ie aess point and in the
inter/ediate networ9 an .e deteted and
reported! +or e;a/ple" the ser0ie aess
point an .e infor/ed of the fault in the
inter/ediate networ9 and thus an handle the
fault aordingly (swith the ser0ie to the
.a9up lin9)! Chen the #PT funtion is
disa.led" the lin9 fault in the inter/ediate
networ9 is not reported to the ser0ie aess
point!
re6uire/ent of the user! &et this para/eter to
<es if the #PT funtion is re6uired!
=earer 4ode <+P(H5-CDI)"
Dthernet" <+P(C&+)
,efault 0alue7
<+P(H5-CDI)
The Bearer Mode para/eter speifies the
fra/e for/at of the #PT protool pa9et for
trans/ission! Three .earer /odes are
a0aila.le" na/ely" <+P (H5-CDI)" Dthernet"
and <+P (C&+)!
<+P(H5-CDI)7 Indiates the fra/e for/at

speially used .y Huawei!
Dthernet7 Indiates the Dthernet fra/e

for/at!
<+P (C&+)7 Indiates the standard C&+

fra/e for/at!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-ll the e6uip/ent on the ser0ie aess point
and in the inter/ediate networ9 should use the
sa/e #PT .earer /ode! $therwise" the #PT
funtion annot wor9 nor/ally!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
re6uire/ent of the user! Dnsure that the
onfigurations of the two interonneted ports
are onsistent!
Port-Type Port
Hold-$ff Ti/e
(/s)
0-10000 (in step length
of 100)
,efault 0alue7 0
The )ort.T/-e )ort >old.Off Time 3ms4
para/eter speifies the inter0al for the P$2T
to trans/it the #PT fault infor/ation after it
reei0es the infor/ation!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The greater the hold-off ti/e of the P$2T" the
slower is the trans/ission of fault infor/ation
.etween networ9s!
re6uire/ent of the user!
1CT25'G
Port Hold-off
Ti/e (/s)
- The 'CT2#NK.T/-e )ort >old.off Time
3ms4 para/eter speifies the inter0al for the
1CT25'G port to trans/it the #PT fault
infor/ation after it reei0es the infor/ation!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The greater the hold-off ti/e of the
1CT25'G port" the slower is the
trans/ission of fault infor/ation .etween
networ9s!
NOTE
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent does not support this
para/eter!
%+* 5inear .SP
The linear 4&P applies to the point-to-point physial networ9" pro0iding 4& protetion for
the ser0ies .etween two points!
%+*+# Introduction
The linear 4&P uses the G1 and G2 .ytes in the /ultiple; setion o0erhead to reali8e
auto/ati protetion swithing! The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports 1L1 and 17' linear 4&P!
#J# 5inear .SP
The 1L1 linear 4&P re6uires one wor9ing hannel and one protetion hannel! -t the soure
node" the ser0ie is dually fed to the wor9ing hannel and protetion hannel! -t the sin9
node" the ser0ie is reei0ed fro/ the wor9ing hannel! Chen the wor9ing hannel .eo/es
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faulty" the ser0ie is reei0ed fro/ the protetion hannel! +igure 2-(3 shows the appliation
of the 1L1 linear 4&P!
Figure 1.1 1L1 linear 4&P
<or-in) canne(
:rotection canne(
N5 . N5 7
:rotection s%itcin)
<or-in) canne(
:rotection canne(
N5 . N5 7
'o e;tra traffi an .e onfigured in the protetion hannel in a 1L1 linear 4&P group!
#DN linear .SP
The 17' linear 4&P re6uires ' wor9ing hannels and one protetion hannel! Co//on
ser0ies are trans/itted on the wor9ing hannels" and e;tra traffi is trans/itted on the
protetion hannel! Chen a wor9ing hannel .eo/es faulty" the ser0ie on the hannel is
swithed to the protetion hannel! Therefore" the e;tra traffi is interrupted! +igure 2-(@
shows the appliation of the 17' linear 4&P!
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Figure 1.1 17' linear 4&P
<or-in)
canne( 1
:rotection
canne(
N5 . N5 7
:rotection s%itcin)
... ...
N5 . N5 7
... ...
<or-in)
canne( N
<or-in)
canne( N
<or-in)
canne( 1
:rotection
canne(
53tra traffic
Co""on ser/ice 1
Co""on ser/ice N
53tra traffic
Co""on ser/ice 1
Co""on ser/ice N
53tra traffic
Co""on ser/ice 1
Co""on ser/ice N
53tra traffic
Co""on ser/ice 1
Co""on ser/ice N
Purpose
The #4&P she/e uses the 4&$H .ytes G1 and G2 to i/ple/ent auto/ati protetion
swithing one the wor9ing path fails" and therefore to protet ser0ies!
%+*+% )asic Concepts
The linear 4&P she/e uses the G1 and G2 .ytes in the 4&$H to transfer swithing
re6uests" and therefore to i/ple/ent auto/ati protetion swithing! ,ifferent types of linear
4&P are a0aila.le in ter/s of the protetion she/e" swithing /ode" and re0erti0e /ode!
#inear 4&P at so/e setions of a ring is supported!
.eanins o8 F )ytes
Ta.le 2-2* e;plains the /eanings of G .ytes in the /ultiple; setion o0erhead!
Table 1.1 4eanings of G .ytes
F )yte .eanin
G1 (.it 1 to .it @) The four .its arry the .ridging re6uest ode! Ta.le 2-2A
G1 (.it ( to .it *) The four .its indiate the nu/.er of the ser0ie signal to whih
the .ridging re6uest orresponds! 0 represents the null signal" 1-
1@ represent nor/al ser0ie signals" and 1( represents the e;tra
Copyright Huawei
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F )yte .eanin
ser0ie signal (applia.le only to the 17')!
G2 (.it 1 to .it @) The four .its indiate the nu/.er of the ser0ie signal that
.ridges the loal end and the hannel! The 0alue range of the
four .its is the sa/e as the four .its (.it ( to .it *) of G1!
G2 (.it () This .it indiates the protetion /ode! 1 represents the 17'
/ode! 0 represents the 1L1 /ode!
G2 (.it B to .it *) The three .its indiate the status! 000 represents the idle state"
111 represents the 4&--I& state" and 110 represents the 4&-
2,I state!
F# $bit # to bit 0( .eanin
1111 #o9out of the protetion hannel
1110 +ored swithing
1101 +ailure in the high-priority signal
1100 +ailure in the low-priority signal
1011 ,egradation of the high-priority signal
1010 ,egradation of the low-priority signal
1001 5nused
1000 4anual swithing
0111 5nused
0110 CT2
0101 5nused
0100 D;erise
0011 5nused
0010 2e0erse re6uest
0001 ,o not re0ert
0000 'o re6uest
- re0erse re6uest assu/es the priority of the .ridge re6uest to whih it orresponds!
Copyright Huawei
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Protection Type
In ter/s of the protetion she/e" the linear 4&P inludes two protetion types" na/ely" 1L1
linear 4&P and 17' linear 4&P!
1L1 linear 4&P
The 1L1 linear 4&P re6uires one wor9ing hannel and one protetion hannel! -t the
soure node" the ser0ie is dually fed to the wor9ing hannel and protetion hannel! -t
the sin9 node" the ser0ie is reei0ed fro/ the wor9ing hannel! Chen the wor9ing
hannel .eo/es faulty" the ser0ie is reei0ed fro/ the protetion hannel!
17' linear 4&P
The 17' linear 4&P re6uires ' wor9ing hannels and one protetion hannel! Co//on
ser0ies are trans/itted on the wor9ing hannels" and e;tra traffi is trans/itted on the
protetion hannel! Chen a wor9ing hannel .eo/es faulty" the ser0ie on the hannel
is swithed to the protetion hannel! Therefore" the e;tra traffi is interrupted!
In ter/s of the swithing /ode" the linear 4&P inludes two protetion types" na/ely" the
single-ended swithing and the dual-ended swithing!
Chen one end detets a fault" the protetion swithing ours at the faulty end only" and
the other end re/ains unhanged!
,ual-ended swithing
Chen one end detets a fault" the protetion swithing ours at .oth ends at the sa/e
ti/e" no /atter whether the other end is faulty!
In ter/s of the re0erti0e /ode" the linear 4&P inludes two protetion types" na/ely" the
re0erti0e /ode and the non-re0erti0e /ode!
2e0erti0e /ode
Chen an 'D is in the swithing state" the 'D releases the swithing and is restored to the
nor/al state after the wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al and this state lasts for a
ertain period! The period after the wor9ing hannel is swithed to the nor/al state and
.efore the 'D releases the swithing is alled the wait-to-store (CT2) ti/e! To pre0ent
fre6uent swithing e0ents due to an unsta.le wor9ing hannel" it is reo//ended that
you set the CT2 ti/e! In re0erti0e /ode" if the wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al"
the ser0ie is swithed fro/ the protetion hannel to the wor9ing hannel after the
CT2 ti/e elapses!
'on-re0erti0e /ode
the wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al! -ordingly" the ser0ie is not swithed fro/
the protetion hannel .a9 to the wor9ing hannel!
5inear .SP in Some Channels at a Port
This protetion /eans that only the speified 1C-@s at the optial port are under linear 4&P
and the other 1C-@s are under other protetion or no protetion!
-s shown in +igure 2-((" an &T4-1B (1B;1C-@) optial port is onfigured with linear 4&P
only in so/e hannels!
+irst 1C-@ to fourth 1C-@7 linear 4&P
$ther 1C-@s7 no protetion
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 #inear 4&P in so/e hannels at a port
S'>-1D
1-B %or-in) resources
5-8 no protection
9-12 no protection
13-1D no protection
If linear 4&P is onfigured only in so/e hannels at a port" ser0ies are /apped on the 1C-@
le0el rather than the port le0el! 5nder linear 4&P" a wor9ing .oard /ust .e replaed for a rate
upgrade! If the funtion" linear 4&P in so/e hannels at a port" is ena.led at the ti/e" the
protetion .oard does not need to .e replaed" and the ser0ies on the protetion .oard are not
affeted! That way" urrent .oard resoures are onser0ed!
,o not replae a higher-rate line .oard with a lower-rate line .oard! $therwise" ser0ies will
.e interrupted!
+or linear 4&P in so/e hannels at a port" the wor9ing and protetion hannels are
reo//ended to .e on different .oards!
%+*+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the apaity of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent for supporting linear 4&P!
Item Speci6cations
&upport apa.ility $pti% $&' ((07 13
$pti% $&' (*07 (B
#e0els $pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07
#inear 4&P at the &T4-1" &T4-@" &T4-1B and &T4-B@
le0els
Protetion Type 1L1 17' (1 W
' W 1@)
&withing 4ode &ingle-ended swithing ,ual-ended swithing ,ual-
ended
swithing
2e0erti0e 4ode 'on-
re0erti0e
2e0erti0e 'on-
re0erti0e
2e0erti0e 2e0erti0e
&withing Protool - - -P& -P& -P&
&withing Ti/e W(0/s
CT2 Ti/e - 300s to - 300s to 300s to
Copyright Huawei
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Item Speci6cations
B@*00s
,efault
0alue7
300s
B@*00s
,efault
0alue7
300s
B@*00s
,efault
0alue7
300s
&withing Condition
(-ny of the Conditions
Triggers the &withing)
2H#$&
2H#$+
4&H-I&
=2HD%C
=2H&,
+ored swithing
4anual swithing
D;erise swithing
NOTE
&uggestions for swithing /ode and re0erti0e /ode of linear 4&P7
1L1 protetion is reo//ended to .e single-ended swithing and non-re0erti0e!
171 protetion /ust .e dual-ended swithing and re0erti0e!
Chen the ati0e or stand.y port of a linear 4&P group is onfigured on the syste/ ontrol" swithing"
and ti/ing .oard" the other port annot .e onfigured on the e;tended .oard! Chen the ati0e or stand.y
port of a linear 4&P group is onfigured on the e;tended .oard" the other port annot .e onfigured on
the syste/ ontrol" swithing" and ti/ing .oard!
%+*+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that linear 4&P o/plies with!
#inear 4&P o/plies with the following standards and protools7
%+*+2 Availability
The linear 4&P funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and
software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
&#1, 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
&#@,

$pti% $&' ((07
11002003C00 and later
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0
&#1E

$pti% $&' ((07
11002003C00"
1100200(C01" and later
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
C%# 11002003C00"
1100200BC00" and later
$pti% $&' ((0
&#B@& 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#1BE 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#B@, 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#@1$ 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
Remar,s
$ne optial port an .e onfigured into only one linear 4&P group! If you atte/pt to
onfigure an optial port into se0eral 4&P groups" an error /essage will appear!
The optial ports in a linear 4&P group /ust .e at the sa/e le0el!
$pti% $&' ((07 Chen linear 4&P in so/e hannels at a port is ena.led" only a higher-
rate .oard an su.stitute for a lower-rate .oard! If a lower-rate .oard su.stitutes for a
higher-rate .oard" ser0ies will .e interrupted!
$pti% $&' ((07 If the replaed .oard was onfigured with &'CP" reo0er the &'CP
onfiguration on the new .oard! The swithing rules of &'CP are the sa/e as those of
linear 4&P at so/e setions of the ring!
Copyright Huawei
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%+*+4 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for linear /ultiple;ing setion
protetion (4&P) at the onfiguration and o//issioning phase and the /aintenane phase!
5imitation
Remar,s
=oard The H5',2 .oard does not
support partial linear 4&P"
whih refers to that only
so/e hannels at a port
support linear 4&P!
in0ol0ed!
Port $ne port an only .e
onfigured into one linear
4&P group! If it is
onfigured into /ultiple
linear 4&P groups" an error
/essage is displayed!
')-
Port The optial ports in a linear
4&P group /ust .e at the
sa/e le0el!
in0ol0ed!
-ti0e and stand.y ports Chen the ati0e or stand.y
port of a linear 4&P group
is onfigured on the syste/
ti/ing .oard" the other port
annot .e onfigured on the
e;tended .oard! Chen the
ati0e or stand.y port of a
linear 4&P group is
onfigured on the e;tended
.oard" the other port annot
.e onfigured on the syste/
ti/ing .oard!
')-
5imitation
Remar,s
=oard replae/ent Chen partial linear 4&P is
ena.led" only a higher-rate
.oard an su.stitute for a
lower-rate .oard! If a lower-
rate .oard su.stitutes for a
higher-rate .oard" ser0ies
in0ol0ed!
Copyright Huawei
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5imitation
Remar,s
will .e interrupted!
If the replaed .oard was
onfigured with &'CP"
reo0er the &'CP
onfiguration on the new
.oard! The swithing rules
of &'CP are the sa/e as
those of partial linear 4&P!
in0ol0ed!
%+*+* Principles
The linear 4&P uses the G1 and G2 .ytes in the /ultiple; setion o0erhead of an &,H fra/e
to trans/it the protool infor/ation and ontrols the reei0e and trans/it paths of the ser0ie!
In this /anner" the linear 4&P pro0ides protetion for the 4&-layer ser0ie! <enerally" the
linear 4&P inludes 1L1 linear 4&P and 17' linear 4&P!
The linear 4&P has the following trigger onditions7
- fault on the .oard7 - 9ey .oard is faulty (for e;a/ple" a line .oard is powered off or
offline)!
&ignal fail (&+)7 2H#$&" 2H#$+" 4&H-I&" and =2HD%C!
&ignal degrade (&,)7 =2H&,!
-ny of the preeding onditions an trigger the linear 4&P swithing! This topi /ainly onsiders the
fault on the protetion hannel as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to reali8e the linear 4&P swithing!
#J# 5inear .SP
Chen the signal on the wor9ing hannel fails" the swithing priniple in single-ended /ode is
desri.ed as follows7
1! =efore the swithing" the soure sends ser0ie signals to the wor9ing hannel and the
protetion hannel! The sin9 selets the ser0ie signals fro/ the wor9ing hannel!
2! $n deteting that the signal on the wor9ing hannel fails" the line .oard at the sin9 in a
ertain diretion ('D -) reports the e0ent to the syste/ ontrol .oard!
3! -fter onfir/ing that the signal on the wor9ing hannel fails and that the signal on the
protetion hannel is nor/al" the syste/ ontrol .oard ontrols the ross-onnet .oard
to o/plete the ross-onnetion .etween the protetion hannel and the ser0ie sin9!
@! 'D - reei0es the ser0ie signals fro/ the protetion hannel!
(! 'D = reei0es the ser0ie signals fro/ the wor9ing hannel!
Chen the signal on the wor9ing hannel fails" the swithing priniple in dual-ended /ode is
1! =efore the swithing" the soure sends ser0ie signals to the wor9ing hannel and the
protetion hannel! The sin9 selets the ser0ie signals fro/ the wor9ing hannel!
Copyright Huawei
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2! $n deteting that the signal on the wor9ing hannel fails" the sin9 in a ertain diretion
('D -) sends the G .ytes to the soure ('D =) on the protetion hannel (the re6uest
type is ?signal fail?)!
3! 'D = sends the G .ytes to 'D - on the protetion hannel (the re6uest type is ?re0erse
re6uest?)!
@! 'D - reei0es the ser0ie signals fro/ the protetion hannel!
(! 'D = reei0es the ser0ie signals fro/ the protetion hannel!
Figure 1.1 2eali8ation priniple of the 1L1 linear 4&P (.efore the swithing)
<or-in)
canne(
:rotection
canne(
N5 7 N5 .
Co""on ser/ice
<or-in)
canne(
:rotection
canne(
Figure 1.2 2eali8ation priniple of the 1L1 linear 4&P (after the swithing" in single-ended /ode)
N5 7 N5 .
Co""on ser/ice
<or-in)
canne(
:rotection
canne(
<or-in)
canne(
:rotection
canne(
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.( 2eali8ation priniple of the 1L1 linear 4&P (after the swithing" in dual-ended /ode)
N5 7 N5 .
Co""on ser/ice
<or-in)
canne(
:rotection
canne(
<or-in)
canne(
:rotection
canne(
#DN 5inear .SP
The 171 linear 4&P is onsidered as an e;a/ple to desri.e the reali8ation priniple of the
17' linear 4&P!
Chen the signal on the wor9ing hannel fails" the swithing priniple in 171 /ode is
1! =efore the swithing" the soure and the sin9 send and reei0e nor/al ser0ie signals on
the wor9ing hannel" and send and reei0e e;tra ser0ie signals on the protetion
hannel!
2! $n deteting that the signal on the wor9ing hannel fails" the sin9 in a ertain diretion
('D -) sends .yte G to the soure ('D =) on the protetion hannel (the re6uest type is
?signal fail?)!
3! 'D = perfor/s a .ridge of the nor/al ser0ie signals onto the protetion hannel and
sends .yte G to 'D - on the protetion hannel (the re6uest type is ?re0erse re6uest?)!
@! 'D - reei0es the nor/al ser0ie signals fro/ the protetion hannel and perfor/s a
.ridge of the nor/al ser0ie signals onto the protetion hannel!
(! 'D = reei0es the nor/al ser0ie signals fro/ the protetion hannel!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 2eali8ation priniple of the 171 linear 4&P (.efore the swithing)
N5 7 N5 .
Co""on ser/ice
<or-in)
canne(
:rotection
canne(
<or-in)
canne(
:rotection
canne(
53tra traffic
Figure 1.2 2eali8ation priniple of the 171 linear 4&P (after the swithing)
N5 7 N5 .
Co""on ser/ice
53tra traffic
:rotection
canne(
<or-in)
canne(
<or-in)
canne(
:rotection
canne(
%+*+1 Net7or,in and Application
The 1L1 linear 4&P and 17' linear 4&P are si/ilar in appliation! =oth protetion types are
used to protet the ser0ies on the wor9ing hannel! The differene is that the 17' linear 4&P
an protet the ser0ies on a /a;i/u/ of 1@ wor9ing hannels and an arry e;tra traffi on
the protetion hannel!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 -ppliation of the #inear 4&P
1
N51 N52
3
1
3
-s shown in +igure 2-B1" 'D1 and 'D2 for/ a point-to-point networ9!
<enerally" in the ase of 1L1 linear 4&P" ser0ies are trans/itted on the wor9ing hannel
and protetion hannel" and are reei0ed fro/ the wor9ing hannel! Chen the wor9ing
hannel .etween 'D1 and 'D2 fails" ser0ies are reei0ed fro/ the protetion hannel!
In the ase of 171 linear 4&P" ser0ies are trans/itted on the wor9ing hannel" and e;tra
traffi is trans/itted on the protetion hannel! Chen the wor9ing hannel .etween 'D1
and 'D2 fails" the ser0ies on the wor9ing hannel are swithed to the protetion
hannel!
This topi onsiders the 171 linear 4&P as an e;a/ple to desri.e the appliation of the 17' linear 4&P!
%+*+/ Con6urin the 5inear .SP
$n the point-to-point hain networ9" the linear 4&P an .e onfigured to protet the ser0ie!
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e an '4 user with ?'D /aintainer? authority or higher!
The 'D data /ust .e onfigured and fi.ers /ust .e reated properly!
Precautions
&tarting the protool ontroller /ay interrupt the ser0ies!
+i.ers that are used for the linear 4&P annot .e used .y other protetion su.nets! That is"
a linear 4& protetion su.net and other su.nets annot .e used together to for/ 0irtual
fi.ers!
Procedure
Step # Choose %er&ice > %,> )rotectio %ubet > Create 1E1 liear M%) fro/ the 4ain 4enu!
Then" the Create )rotectio %ubet window is displayed!
To reate the 47' linear 4& protetion" hoose %er&ice > %,> )rotectio %ubet > Create M=N
!iear M%) fro/ the 4ain 4enu! Then" the orresponding window is displayed!
In the ase of the 47' linear 4& protetion she/e" set the nu/.er of wor9ing lin9s to N! M indiates
the nu/.er of protetion lin9s and annot .e set /anually! Currently" the 0alue of M an .e 1 only!
Copyright Huawei
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Step % Dnter the na/e of the protetion su.net!
<enerally" the default na/e is used" for e;a/ple" 1L1H4&PH1!
Step & &elet the apaity le0el of the protetion su.net" for e;a/ple" &T4-@!
Step 0 &et 2e&erti&e Mode and %witc$ig Mode aording to the protetion type and related
re6uire/ents!
Chen setting the para/eters" note the following points7
2e&erti&e Mode indiates the handling strategy that is used after the faulty line is reo0ered! No.
2e&erti&e7 The ser0ie is not auto/atially re0erted to the wor9ing hannel after the faulty line is
reo0ered! 2e&erti&e7 The ser0ie is auto/atially re0erted to the wor9ing hannel after the faulty
line is reo0ered!
%witc$ig Mode indiates the swithing strategy that is used after a fault ours in the line! %igle.
eded switc$ig7 To protet ser0ies" a swithing ours at the reei0e end when the reei0e end is
faulty and a swithing ours at the trans/it end when the trans/it end is faulty! ,ual.eded
switc$ig7 To protet ser0ies" a swithing ours at the reei0e and trans/it ends when the reei0e
end or trans/it end is faulty!
Step 2 &elet 2esource %$arig and Assiged b/ 'C7 as re6uired!
2esource %$arig indiates that a port is /apped into /ultiple protetion su.nets! Chen /ultiple
protetion su.nets oupy the sa/e port of a .oard" 2esource %$arig /ust .e seleted! Chen
different protetion su.nets oupy different ports of a .oard" 2esource %$arig is not re6uired!
Assiged b/ 'C7 indiates that different 1C-@s .elong to different protetion su.nets in order to
ahie0e 4&P in so/e hannels at a port!
Step 4 &elet the nodes that .elong to the protetion su.net that needs to .e reated! ,ou.le-li9 the
seleted 'D in the 4ain Topology to add the 'D to the 'D list on the left! In addition" is
displayed on the 'D ion! If you need to anel the seletion" dou.le-li9 the 'D again!
Step * Cli9 Next! &et )$/sical !i* 1formatio of "or*ig !i* and )rotectio !i*!
Copyright Huawei
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In the "or*ig !i* setion" li9 'C7 and set the wor9ing ti/eslot!
In the )rotectio !i* setion" li9 'C7 and set the protetion ti/eslot!
Step 1 Cli9 Fiis$ to deli0er the onfiguration data! Then" li9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult
dialog .o; indiating that the operation sueeded!
Step / Choose %er&ice > %,> )rotectio %ubet > %earc$ for %,> )rotectio %ubet fro/ the
4ain 4enu! &elet the reated protetion su.net" right-li9 and hoose )rotectio %ubet
Attributes fro/ the shortut /enu!
Step #" Cli9 the )rotectio %ubet Maiteace ta. to he9 whether the protool ontroller is
started!
If the protool ontroller is not started" selet all the 'Ds of the protetion su.net! 2ight-li9 and
hoose %tart0%to- )rotocol > %tart fro/ the shortut /enu! Cli9 <es in the dialog .o; that is
displayed twie! Dnsure that the status of all the 0alues in the )rotocol Cotroller olu/n is )rotocol
%tarted!
Step ## Cli9 the )rotectio %ubet )arameters ta.! &et "T2 time and %, Coditio aording to
the re6uire/ent! Cli9 A--l/ to deli0er the onfiguration data!
The "T2 time of all 'Ds in the sa/e protetion su.net should .e the sa/e!
....Ed
%+*+#" Con6uration :9ample
The 1L1 linear 4&P and 171 linear 4&P are si/ilar in onfiguration" .ut are different in the
i/ple/entation priniple!
%+*+#"+# Case Description
The onfiguration of the point-to-point linear 4&P is si/ple! Two pairs of optial fi.ers are
used to onnet two 'Ds!
-s shown in +igure 2-B2" the ser0ie re6uire/ents are as follows7
$n 'D1 and 'D2" the &P3, .oards are used as tri.utary .oards to add and drop the
ser0ieI the &#1, .oards are used as line .oards to trans/it the &,H ser0ie!
The ser0ies .etween 'D1 and 'D2 are trans/itted .y using 1C-12s 'o!1-( of 1C-@
'o!1 of the &,H hannel (1C@-171C1271-()!
=etween 'D1 and 'D2" the apaity of ser0ies is (;D1!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of the linear 4&P
1
N51
N52
3
1
3
,ine $oar!
'ri$utar# $oar! 3-S:3D
1-S,1D ,ine $oar!
2-S,1D ,ine $oar!
'ri$utar# $oar! 3-S:3D
1-S,1D ,ine $oar!
2-S,1D
%+*+#"+% Con6uration Process
The linear 4&P su.net /ust .e onfigured .efore you onfigure the &,H ser0ie!
PrereBuisites
The linear 4&P su.net /ust .e reated the sa/e as the atual topology! +or details on
how to reate the linear 4&P su.net" see 2!3!A Configuring the #inear 4&P!
Procedure
Step # Configure an &,H ser0ie on 'D1 (soure 'D)!
1! 2ight-li9 the 'D1 ion on the 4ain Topology and hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the
shortut /enu! In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D1" and then hoose Cofiguratio > %,>
%er&ice Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree!
2! In the right pane" li9 Create! Then" the Create %,> %er&ice dialog .o; is displayed!
&et the para/eters of the &,H ser0ie" and li9 OK!
Paramete
r
Value in
This
:9ample
Description
#e0el 1C12 The D1 ser0ie is onsidered as an e;a/ple in this topi!
Therefore" !e&el is set to 'C12!
,iretion =idiretional In this e;a/ple" ser0ies are trans/itted and reei0ed in
the sa/e path! That is" the ser0ies are .idiretional
ser0ies! Therefore" ,irectio is set to Bidirectioal!
&oure &lot 3-&P3, In this e;a/ple" the &P3, .oard in slot 3 is used as the
soure tri.utary .oard that arries the .idiretional ser0ie
&oure
Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
1-( -s planned" the total ser0ie apaity is (;D1! Therefore"
%ource Timeslot 2age 3e.g.1B(.@4 is set to 1.5!
&in9 &lot 1-&#1,- In this e;a/ple" the &#1, .oard in slot 1 is used as the
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Paramete
r
Value in
This
:9ample
Description
1(&,H-1) sin9 line .oard!
&in9 1C@ 1C@-1 In this e;a/ple" fi0e 1C-12s are re6uired! $ne 1C-@
ontains B3 1C-12s! Therefore" %i* 'C7 is set to 'C7.
1!
&in9 Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
%i* Timeslot 2age 3e.g.1B(.@4 is set to 1.5!
-ti0ate
I//ediately
Oes -fter .eing onfigured" the ser0ie is ati0ated
i//ediately!
Step % Configure an &,H ser0ie on 'D2 (sin9 'D)! Co/plete the &,H ser0ie onfiguration on
'D2! +or details" see &tep 1! &et the following para/eters" and li9 OK!
Paramete
r
Value in
This
:9ample
Description
#e0el 1C12 The D1 ser0ie is onsidered as an e;a/ple in this topi!
&oure &lot 1-&#1,-
1(&,H-1)
In this e;a/ple" the &#1, .oard in slot 1 is used as the
soure line .oard!
&oure 1C@ 1C@-1 In this e;a/ple" fi0e 1C-12s are re6uired! $ne 1C-@
ontains B3 1C-12s! Therefore" %ource 'C7 is set to
'C7.1!
&oure
Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
%ource Timeslot 2age 3e.g.1B(.@4 is set to 1.5!
&in9 &lot 3-&P3, In this e;a/ple" the &P3, .oard in slot 3 is used as the
sin9 tri.utary .oard that arries the .idiretional ser0ie
&in9 Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
%i* Timeslot 2age 3e.g.1B(.@4 is set to 1.5!
-ti0ate
I//ediately
Oes -fter .eing onfigured" the ser0ie is ati0ated
i//ediately!
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Step & 1erify whether the ser0ie onfigurations are orret! +or details" see 2!3!11 1erifying the
#inear 4&P!
....Ed
%+*+## Veri8yin the 5inear .SP
The networ9 is onfigured with the linear 4&P" whih pro0ides protetion for ser0ies on the
wor9ing hannel of the linear 4&P group! This topi ta9es the 1L1)171 linear 4&P swithing
as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to 0erify the linear 4&P swithing!
PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e an '4 user with ?'D and networ9 operator? authority or higher!
The 52000 user /ust log in to the 'D!
The linear 4&P /ust .e reated and onfigured on the 52000! +or the onfiguration" see
?Configuring 1L1 #inear 4&P &er0ies? and ?Configuring 171 #inear 4&P &er0ies? in
the Configuration Guide (#D Transport Domain)!
52000
Connection Diaram 8or the Test
&et up the onnetion for testing 1L1)17' linear 4&P swithing! &ee +igure 2-B3! -ssu/e that
a 2 4.it)s ser0ie is onfigured fro/ 'D1 to 'D2!
Figure 1.1 Connetion for testing linear 4&P swithing
NE&
NE$
TA&D0A&
TA$D0A$
TA&D0A&
TA$D0A$
Procedure
Step # #og in to the 52000! 2ight-li9 the 'D1 ion and selet NE Ex-lorer!
1! &hut down the laser the wor9ing hannel of 'D1 to trigger the linear 4&P swithing!
&elet the orresponding .oard! Choose Cofiguratio > %,> 1terface fro/ the
+untion Tree! &elet B/ Fuctio and selet !aser %witc$ fro/ the drop-down /enu!
2! &elet the port to .e losed! &et !aser %witc$ to Close! Cli9 A--l/! - Cofirm dialog
.o; is displayed! Cli9 OK! - )rom-t dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 OK! Cli9 Close!
Step % Euery the alar/s of the 'Ds!
If the swithing /ode of the linear 4&P is set to ,ual.Eded %witc$ig" 'D1 should
report the #-&D2HC#$&D, and -P&HI',I alar/s" and 'D2 should report the
-P&HI',I alar/!
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If the swithing /ode of the linear 4&P is set to %igle.Eded %witc$ig" 'D1 should
report the #-&D2HC#$&D, alar/" and 'D2 should report the -P&HI',I alar/!
+or 1L1 linear 4&P" the swithing /ode an .e set to ,ual.Eded %witc$ig or %igle.Eded
%witc$ig! +or 17' linear 4&P" the swithing /ode always ta9es the default 0alue ,ual.Eded
%witc$ig!
Step & 2efer to step 1 to swith on the laser!
Step 0 -fter the CT2 ti/er (10 /inutes .y default) e;pires" test the =D2 .y using the =D2 tester
again! Euery the alar/s of the 'Ds!
If 2e&erti&e Mode of the linear 4&P is set to 2e&erti&e" the alar/s of 'D1 and 'D2
should .e leared!
If 2e&erti&e Mode of the linear 4&P is set to No.2e&erti&e" do as follows7
N The -P&HI',I alar/ persists!
N #og in to the 52000! Choose %er&ice > %,> )rotectio %ubet > Maitai %,>
)rotectio %ubet!
N &elet the orresponding linear 4& protetion su.net! Choose )rotectio %ubet
Maiteace > %tart0%to- )rotocol > %to- t$e )rotocol Networ*wide! -
)rotectio Attributes dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 <es ontinuously! - )rom-t
dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 OK!
N Then" hoose %tart0%to- )rotocol > %tart t$e )rotocol Networ*wide! - )rotectio
Attributes dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 <es ontinuously! - )rom-t dialog .o; is
displayed! Cli9 OK!
N Cli9 +uer/! Che9 the state of the wor9ing hannels! The state /ust .e Normal!
....Ed
%+*+#% Troubleshootin
Symptoms
In the nor/al operation of a networ9" the onditions that trigger the protetion swithing are
generated on the wor9ing hannel .ut the ser0ie fails to .e auto/atially swithed to the
protetion hannel! In this ase" the ser0ie is interrupted!
Possible Causes
Cause 17 The auto/ati protetion swithing (-P&) protool is a.nor/al and auses the
failure to the protetion swithing!
Cause 27 The -P&H+-I# alar/ ours and auses the failure to the protetion swithing!
Cause 37 The -P&H4-'5-#H&T$P alar/ ours and auses the failure to the
protetion swithing!
Cause @7 The hardware of a line .oard is faulty and auses the failure to the protetion
swithing!
Troubleshootin -lo7
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Figure 1.1 Trou.leshooting flow of the 4&P swithing
Restart te .:S protoco(
No
Kes
No
Kes
Start
Kes
Kes
No
No
Kes Kes
No
No
Contact &ua%ei
en)ineers
5n!
No
Kes
No
<eter te
.:S protoco(
is nor"a(
<eter te
.:SJF.2,
a(ar" occurs
<eter te
s%itcin) is
nor"a(
<eter te
.:SJ>.N0.,JS'O:a(
ar" occurs
&an!(e te .:SJF.2,
a(ar"
Restart te protoco(
contro((er
<eter te
ar!%are of te
(ine $oar! is fau(t#
<eter te
s%itcin) is
nor"a(
<eter te
s%itcin) is
nor"a(
<eter te
s%itcin) is
nor"a(
Rep(ace te (ine $oar!
Kes
Procedure
Step # Cause 17 The auto/ati protetion swithing (-P&) protool is a.nor/al and auses the
1! 2estart the -P& protool on the 52000!
2! Che9 whether the protetion swithing an .e perfor/ed nor/ally! If no" go to the ne;t
step!
Step % Cause 27 The -P&H+-I# alar/ ours and auses the failure to the protetion swithing!
1! Clear the -P&H+-I# alar/ aording to the Alarms and Performance Events Reference!
step!
Step & Cause 37 The -P&H4-'5-#H&T$P alar/ ours and auses the failure to the protetion
swithing!
1! 2estart the -P& protool ontroller on the 52000!
step!
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Step 0 Cause @7 The hardware of a line .oard is faulty and auses the failure to the protetion
swithing!
1! 2eplae the faulty line .oard aording to the Parts Replacement!
2! Che9 whether the protetion swithing an .e perfor/ed nor/ally! If no" ontat
Huawei tehnial support engineers!
....Ed
%+*+#& Related Alarms and :vents
This topi desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are related to the linear 4&P!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
-P&H+-I# The 4& auto/ati protetion swithing fails!
-P&HI',I The 4& is in the protetion swithing state!
-P&H4-'5-#H&T$P The ontroller of the 4& auto/ati protetion swithing
protool is /anually stopped!
G1HG2H4 G1)G2 .yte /is/ath alar/! This alar/ ours when the
hannel nu/.ers indiated .y the trans/itted G1 .yte and
the reei0ed G2 .yte are different and the differene lasts
for a ertain period (1B0 /s .y default)!
G2H4 G2 .yte /is/ath alar/! This alar/ ours when the
opposite protetion /ode indiated .y the fifth /ost
signifiant .it of the reei0ed G2 .yte is different fro/ the
loal protetion /ode" and the differene lasts for a ertain
period (2s .y default)!
2H-P& The line .oard fails to reei0e the G1)G2 .yte!
#P&H5'IH=IH4 The single- or dual-ended /odes of the linear 4&Ps do not
/ath! This alar/ is reported when the single- or dual-
ended /odes of the linear 4&Ps are differently set for the
e6uip/ent at .oth ends!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to linear 4&P!
%+*+#0 Parameters 8or Con6urin .ultiple9 Section
Protection
This setion desri.es neessary para/eters for onfiguring /ultiple; setion protetion
(4&P)!
Ta.le 2-30 lists para/eters for onfiguring the 4&P!
Copyright Huawei
1103
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring the 4&P
'a/e +or e;a/ple" two-fi.er
.idiretional /ultiple;
setion shared protetion
ringH1
Indiates the na/e of a
protetion su.net! The na/e
of a new protetion su.net is
auto/atially generated! Oou
an rena/e the protetion
su.net as re6uired!
#e0el &T4-1" &T4-@" &T4-1B"
&T4-B@" and &T4-2(B
when Assiged b/ 'C7 is
not seleted
&T4-2" &T4-@" &T4-B" !!!"
&T4-2(@" and &T4-2(B
seleted
NOTE
supports only &T4-1"
&T4-@" and &T4-1B le0els!
Indiates the apaity le0el
of a reated protetion
su.net! The apaity le0el of
the reated protetion su.net
/ust .e the sa/e as the
trans/ission rate of the line
.oards that for/ the
protetion su.net!
NOT1CE
Chen seleting an inorret
apaity le0el" you will fail to
reate a protetion su.net!
2esoure &haring - 2esoure sharing indiates
that two protetion su.nets
an share one physial
resoure! If /ultiple
protetion su.nets are
reated on a fi.er" the seond
and later protetion su.nets
share the resoures on the
fi.er!
NOTE
does not support this para/eter!
-ssigned .y 1C@ &eleted" ,eseleted Indiates that different 1C-
@s orrespond to different
protetion su.nets! Oou an
group 1C-@s in the optial
fi.er into different protetion
su.nets to ahie0e 4&
protetion on su.nets! This
/eans that ertain 1C-@s in
the fi.er an .e alloated to a
protetion su.net!
'ode +or e;a/ple" 'D30 ,isplays the seleted 'D!
#in9 +or e;a/ple" 'D1@0-
'D1@1 2ing 1
,isplays fi.er lin9s of a
protetion su.net!
Physial Infor/ation +or e;a/ple" 1-&#1E-
1(&,H-1)-1-&#1E-2(&,H-
1)
,isplays the line .oard
resoure used .y the fi.er
lin9!
Copyright Huawei
110*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1C@ +or e;a/ple" 1 to @ This para/eter an .e set
only when Assiged b/ 'C7
is seleted!
&u.net 'a/e +or e;a/ple" two-fi.er
ringH1
,isplays the na/e of a
protetion su.net!
&u.net Type 2fH4& &P2ing" 2fH4&
,P2ing" 1L1 #inear 4&P"
47' #inear 4&P"
5nproteted 2ing"
5nproteted Chain
,isplays the type of a
protetion su.net!
CT2 Ti/e (s) +or e;a/ple" B00 ,isplays the swithing wait
to restore (CT2) ti/e of the
protetion su.net!
2e0erti0e 4ode 'on-2e0erti0e" 2e0erti0e ,isplays the re0erti0e /ode
of the protetion su.net!
&withing 4ode &ingle-Dnded &withing"
,ual-Dnded &withing
,efault7 &ingle-Dnded
&withing
%witc$ig Mode speifies
the swithing /ode!
+or 1L1 4&P" you an set
this para/eter to %igle.
Eded %witc$ig or ,ual.
Eded %witc$ig! +or 17'
4&P ('ZK1@)" you an set
this para/eter to only ,ual.
Eded %witc$ig!
%+1 PR)S
fault loating!
%+1+# Introduction
The P2=& funtional /odule is used for testing and /aintaining the networ9! Oou an
deter/ine whether the wor9ing path on a tri.utary port" in the line diretion" or in the ross-
onnet diretion is nor/al" depending on whether .it errors are deteted in a P2=& test!
In the ase of D1 ser0ies" T1 ser0ies or T3 ser0ies" the P2=&1( is trans/itted! In the ase
of D3 ser0ies" the P2=&23 is trans/itted!
Copyright Huawei
110A
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The P2=& funtion of the .oard is a0aila.le in two types7 lower-order P2=& funtion and
higher-order P2=& funtion! Currently" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only the lower-
order P2=& funtion! In the ase of the lower-order P2=& funtion" the P2=& /odule is
integrated with the tri.utary .oard!
-n 'D that pro0ides the P2=& funtion an .e used as a si/ple instru/ent! Oou an
deter/ine whether a ser0ie path is faulty and an deter/ine the loation of the fault on fi.ers
or rele0ant .oards .etween the faulty 'Ds" depending on the .it errors deteted on the 'D!
The P2=& funtion /odule an analy8e the loal 'D and the entire networ9! Therefore" you
an perfor/ a test without using a real instru/ent during the deploy/ent or fault loating!
%+1+% Re8erence Standards and Protocols
There are no standards or protools that P2=& o/plies with!
%+1+& Availability
The P2=& funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
&P3,

$pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
P#3T

$pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
Copyright Huawei
1110
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Remar,s
- P2=& test is used only when you o//ission e6uip/ent or loate a fault! Chen a
P2=& test is perfor/ed" the ser0ies trans/itted on the tested path are una0aila.le!
- P2=& test annot .e perfor/ed when a protetion she/e (for e;a/ple" 4&P or
&'CP) is onfigured! Instead" a P2=& test an .e perfor/ed for testing paths only when
no atual ser0ie e;ists!
Dah .oard supports a P2=& test on only one path and in only one diretion at one ti/e!
%+1+0 Principles
-n 'D that pro0ides the P2=& funtion an .e used as a si/ple instru/ent to deter/ine
whether a ser0ie path is faulty depending on the .it errors!
Currently" the following P2=& tests are a0aila.le7 short-ti/e test" long-ti/e test" and e;tra-
long-ti/e test!
In the ase of the short-ti/e test" the test period is one seond! The syste/ reports the
P2=& test result one e0ery seond!
In the ase of the long-ti/e test" the test period is ten /inutes! The syste/ reports the
P2=& test result one e0ery /inute!
In the ase of the e;tra-long-ti/e test" the test period is one hour! The syste/ reports the
P2=& test result one e0ery /inute!
The preeding test /odes support a /a;i/u/ of 2(( test periods!
The P2=& funtion is reali8ed as follows7
1! $n the '4&" a user issues the o//and to perfor/ a loop.a9 on the tri.utary or line
that is at the opposite end of the path to .e tested!
2! $n the '4&" the user issues the o//and to ena.le the P2=& funtion on the path to .e
tested!
3! The tri.utary .oard" line .oard" or ross-onnet .oard perfor/s the P2=& funtion and
onduts statisti analysis!
@! The tri.utary .oard" line .oard" or ross-onnet .oard reports the P2=& test result!
(! The user 6ueries the P2=& statistis!
B! The user anels the loop.a9 perfor/ed on the path of the tri.utary .oard or line .oard
at the opposite end!
+igure 2-B( shows the typial signal flow when a tri.utary ser0ie is aessed! Chen the
lower-order funtion is ena.led" you an perfor/ a P2=& test in the ross-onnet diretion
or tri.utary diretion" .y perfor/ing a loop.a9 in the orresponding position! Therefore" you
an deter/ine whether the orresponding tested path is nor/al depending on whether .it
errors are deteted!
Copyright Huawei
1111
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Figure 1.1 Typial ser0ie signal flow
Connecte! to
re"ote
trans"ission
e?uip"ent 'ri$utar# $oar! Cross-connect $oar!
O0'
2N
,ine $oar!
RX
'X
Connecte! to
(oca( tri$utar#
e?uip"ent
+igure 2-BB shows the signal flow of a lower-order P2=& test! The lower-order P2=&
funtion is used to he9 whether 1C-12 paths are nor/al! The lower-order P2=& test
supports the test in the ross-onnet diretion and the test in the tri.utary diretion!
Figure 1.2 &ignal flow of a lower-order P2=& test

'ri$utar# $oar! Cross-connect $oar!
O0'
2N
,ine $oar!
:R7S test (oop in te tri$utar# !irection
:R7S "o!u(e
RX
'X
:R7S test (oop in te cross -connect !irection
5o7er'3rder PR)S Test in the Tributary Direction
The lower-order P2=& test in the tri.utary diretion is used to he9 whether the tested
tri.utary port wor9s properly! The tri.utary .oard trans/its fi;ed P2=&s to the T; port
diretion and reei0es the P2=&s fro/ the 2; port diretion! &ee +igure 2-B3! Chen you
perfor/ a P2=& test in the tri.utary diretion" note the following7
Oou /ust use a a.le to perfor/ a loop.a9 on the tested tri.utary port!
Chen you perfor/ a P2=& test in the tri.utary diretion on the .oard" you do not need
to onfigure a ross-onnet ser0ie on the tested tri.utary port!
Copyright Huawei
1112
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 #ower-order P2=& test in the tri.utary diretion
'ri$utar# $oar!
:R7S )enerator
:R7S recei/er
Ca$(e
'X
RX
5o7er'3rder PR)S Test in the Cross'Connect Direction
The lower-order P2=& test in the ross-onnet diretion is used to he9 whether the
orresponding ross-onnet setion and line setion are nor/al after tri.utary ser0ies are
aessed! The .oard trans/its fi;ed P2=&s in the ross-onnet diretion on the tested path
and reei0es the P2=&s in the downstrea/ diretion of the tested path! &ee +igure 2-B*!
Chen you perfor/ a P2=& test in the ross-onnet diretion" note the following7
Oou need to onfigure a ross-onnet ser0ie!
-fter the tested ser0ie passes through the ross-onnet .oard" perfor/ a loop.a9 on
the ser0ie (deter/ine the loop.a9 position and le0el .ased on the atual situation)! Oou
an test the orresponding ross-onnet setion depending on the loop.a9 position!
Figure 1.1 #ower-order P2=& test in the ross-onnet diretion
2n(oop at te (oca( (ine $oar!
&ar!%are (oop$ac- at te (oca( optica( interface
,ine $oar! of
re"ote N5
Out(oop at te re"ote optica( interface

,oca( N5
'ri$utar# $oar!
:R7S
)enerator
:R7S
recei/er
Cross-connect $oar!
O0'
2N
,ine $oar!

Copyright Huawei
1113
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%+1+2 Per8ormin a PR)S Test
Oou an perfor/ a P2=& test on a path to he9 the 6uality of the path! The test result is
displayed in the oordinates pane!
PrereBuisites
The opposite port /ust .e looped .a9 .efore you perfor/ a P2=& test!
Precaution
Perfor/ing a P2=& test interrupts ser0ies!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet a .oard and hoose Cofiguratio > )2B% Test fro/ the +untion
Tree!
Step % &elet a hannel or a port and set ,irectio" ,uratio" and Measured i Time in the %et
Test )arameters area!
-fter you set the path diretion for the P2=& test" the test result 0aries depending on the diretion!
Tri.utary7 The tri.utary .oard initiates the P2=& test in the tri.utary .oard diretion to he9
whether the trans/it hannel of the tri.utary .oard is a0aila.le!
Cross7 The tri.utary .oard initiates the P2=& test in the ross-onnet .oard diretion to he9
whether the trans/it hannel of the ross-onnet .oard or of any other tri.utary .oard is a0aila.le!
Step & O-tioal= &elet Accumulatig Mode! The test result is displayed in the oordinates pane in
an au/ulati0e /anner!
Step 0 O-tioal= ,ou.le-li9 the legend olor area of the P2=& status diagra/! In the %ettig
Color dialog .o;" selet a olor fro/ the olor palette" or set the 2<= and H&= attri.utes to
usto/i8e the olor of the P2=& status diagra/ in real ti/e! Custo/i8ing the olor does not
affet data reporting!
Step 2 Cli9 %tart to Test! - dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that this operation /ay interrupt the
ser0ie!
Step 4 Cli9 <es to start the P2=& test! -fter the test is o/plete" 0iew the test result in the
oordinates pane!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
If the a;is diagra/ displays a green .ar hart" it indiates that the e6uip/ent wor9s
nor/ally!
If the a;is diagra/ displays a yellow .ar hart" it indiates that the trans/ission line is
interrupted and o/pletely fails!
If the a;is diagra/ displays a red .ar hart" it indiates that .it errors e;ist on the
trans/ission line!
....Ed
%+1+4 Con6uration :9ample
This topi ta9es e;a/ples to desri.e how to onfigure the lower-order P2=& test in different
diretions on the 52000!
%+1+4+# Case Description
+igure 2-BA shows how the ser0ie is planned!
This topi onsiders the $pti% $&' ((0 as an e;a/ple to desri.e the .oard layout! In the ase of other
produts" the onfiguration /ethod is the sa/e" e;ept for the slots! +or the slot infor/ation" see the
ard!are Description of the rele0ant produt!
Figure 1.1 &er0ie planning
N5 1 N5 2
'ri$utar# 7oar! S:3D
,ine 7oar! S,1D
'ri$utar# 7oar! S:3D
,ine 7oar! S,1D
'D1 is onsidered as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the lower-order P2=& test in
different diretions!
Table 1.1 Planned 0alues of the para/eters for a P2=& test
Parameter Planned Value
Port (&,HHT5-1)
,uration 10
4easured in Ti/e s
Copyright Huawei
111(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
%+1+4+% Con6urin the PR)S Test in the Tributary Direction
Initiated by the Tributary )oard
This topi desri.es how to onfigure a P2=& test in the tri.utary diretion initiated .y the
tri.utary .oard on the 52000! Perfor/ing a hardware loop.a9 on the eletrial ports of the
tri.utary .oard of 'D1 is onsidered as an e;a/ple!
PrereBuisites
Conte9t
Chen you perfor/ the P2=& test in the tri.utary diretion" you do not need to onfigure
ross-onnet ser0ies for the tested tri.utary port!
5se an D1 a.le to loop .a9 port 1 of the &P3, .oard on 'D1! &ee +igure 2-30!
Figure 1.1 #ower-order P2=& test in the tri.utary diretion
'ri$utar# $oar!
:R7S )enerator
:R7S recei/er
Ca$(e
'X
RX
Precautions
Chen you set a loop.a9" ensure that no ati0e ser0ie is running on the optial interfae or
path on whih a loop.a9 needs to .e perfor/ed! $therwise" the ati0e ser0ie is interrupted!
Procedure
Step # 2ight-li9 the desired 'D ion on the 4ain Topology and hoose NE Ex-lorer! fro/ the
shortut /enu!
Step % &elet the &P3, .oard in the $.:et Tree and hoose Cofiguratio > )2B% Test fro/ the
+untion Tree!
Step & &elet the &,HHT5-1 port and set the following para/eters in the %et Test )arameters area7
Copyright Huawei
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,iretion7 Tri.utary
,uration7 10
4easured in Ti/e7 s
Step 0 Cli9 %tart to Test! Cli9 <es in the OK dialog .o; that is displayed! Cli9 Close when the
O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 2 Chen )rogress field is displayed as 166;" he9 the 0alue in the Total )2B% field!
If the 0alue is 0" no .it error is deteted in the test and the tested loop is nor/al!
....Ed
%+1+4+& Con6urin the PR)S Test in the Cross'Connect
Direction Initiated by the Tributary )oard
This topi desri.es how to onfigure a P2=& test in the ross-onnet diretion initiated .y
the tri.utary .oard on the 52000! 'D1 is onsidered as an e;a/ple!
PrereBuisites
Conte9t
The onfiguration proess is as follows7
Configure the ross-onnet ser0ie on the tri.utary port to .e tested!
Perfor/ a orresponding loop.a9 for the setion to .e tested! +or the a0aila.le
loop.a9s" see +igure 2-31!
&tart the P2=& test in the ross-onnet diretion for the tri.utary port!
,eter/ine the wor9ing status of the tested setion aording to the test result!
Copyright Huawei
1113
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 P2=& test in the ross-onnet diretion initiated .y the tri.utary .oard
2n(oop at te (oca( (ine $oar!
&ar!%are (oop$ac- at te (oca( optica( interface
,ine $oar! of
re"ote N5
Out(oop at te re"ote optica( interface

,oca( N5
'ri$utar# $oar!
:R7S
)enerator
:R7S
recei/er
Cross-connect $oar!
O0'
2N
,ine $oar!
The following proedures desri.e how to onfigure a P2=& test .y desri.ing how to
onfigure an inloop on a 1C-@ path on the line .oard of 'D1!
Precautions
Chen you set a loop.a9" ensure that no ati0e ser0ie is running on the optial interfae or
path on whih a loop.a9 needs to .e perfor/ed! $therwise" the ati0e ser0ie is interrupted!
Procedure
Step # Create and ati0ate a 1C-12 ser0ie fro/ tri.utary port 1 of the &P3, .oard on 'D1 to
ti/eslot 1 in 1C-@-1 of optial interfae 1 of the &#1, .oard!
Step % &et an inloop on the 1C-@ path where the 1C-12 ser0ie is arried on the line side of the 1C-
12 ser0ie!
shortut /enu!
2! &elet the &#1, .oard in the $.:et Tree and hoose Cofiguratio > %,> 1terface
fro/ the +untion Tree! &elet B/ Fuctio in the right pane and selet 'C.7 !oo-bac*
fro/ the drop-down /enu! Then" selet 1loo- for the first 1C-@ path" and li9 A--l/!
3! Cli9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
Step & &elet the &P3, .oard in the $.:et Tree and hoose Cofiguratio > )2B% Test fro/ the
+untion Tree!
Step 0 &elet the &,HHT5-1 port and set the following para/eters in the %et Test )arameters area7
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
,iretion7 Cross-onnet
,uration7 10
4easured in Ti/e7 s
Step 2 Cli9 %tart to Test! Cli9 <es in the OK dialog .o; that is displayed! Chen the O-eratio
2esult dialog .o; is displayed" li9 Close!
Step 4 Chen )rogress field is displayed as 166;" he9 the 0alue in the Total )2B% field!
If the 0alue is 0" no .it error is deteted in the test and the tested loop is nor/al!
....Ed
%+1+* Related Alarms and :vents
'o alar/ and perfor/ane e0ent is related to the P2=& test!
%+/ <in<
Through the 1#-' sta9ing and nesting tehnology" the EinE re/o0es the li/itation that
only one layer of 1#-' tags is used to identify different data pa9ets!
%+/+# Introduction
The EinE tehnology pro0ides a heap and easy layer-2 (#2) 0irtual pri0ate networ9 (1P')
solution! Cith the 1#-' sta9ing and nesting tehnology" the data pa9ets arry two 1#-'
tags at two different layers to identify different data pa9ets! This lears the li/it of the
original solution in whih only one 1#-' tag at one layer is used to identify different data
pa9ets! -s a result" the 1#-' I,s are e;tended!
Cith the inreasing o/pliation of networ9 ser0ies and the ontinuous inrease of the
ser0ie su.sri.ers" the original 1#-' I,s no longer /eet the atual de/ands! In addition"
the layer-3 (#3) swith is .eo/ing /ore and /ore /ature! It is /ore and /ore widely used!
-s a result" /any users of intranets and s/all /etropolitan area networ9s (4-'s) fae the
following trou.les7
The networ9 is o/ple; to onfigure and /aintain!
4any /anufaturersJ #3 swith does not support the /ulti-protool la.el swith (4P#&)
funtion! If the user onstruts a 1P' .ased on 4P#&" the e;isting swith e6uip/ent
has to .e 9no9ed out" whih results in a se0ere waste of resoures!
5sing the EinE tehnology .rings a.out the following .enefits7
D;tends the 1#-' I, resoures! =y 1#-' nesting" the nu/.er of 1#-' I,s an .e
inreased to @0AB ; @0AB!
&i/plifies the networ9 onfiguration and /aintenane as the users and the operator an
independently and fle;i.ly plan the 1#-' resoures!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2eali8es a situation that the .oards whih support the EinE funtion are /ore readily
a0aila.le and /uh heaper" o/pared with the .oards whih support the 4P#&
funtion"!
D;tends the networ9 ser0ie sale fro/ the loal area networ9 (#-') to the wide area
networ9 (C-')!
%+/+% )asic Concepts
1#-' nesting in data pa9ets is the foundation to reali8e the EinE tehnology! Hene" the
onept of 1#-' nesting is of great signifiane in the EinE tehnology!
%+/+%+# V5AN Nestin
1#-' nesting refers to a tehni6ue in whih one /ore 1#-' tag is added in front of the
e;isting 1#-' tag in a data fra/e struture! That is" one data fra/e arries two 1#-' tags at
two layers in 1#-' nesting!
-s shown in +igure 2-32" C-1#-' denotes usto/er-side 1#-'I &-1#-' denotes supplier-
side 1#-'!
Figure 1.1 1#-' nesting in the fra/e struture
D $#tes D $#tes B $#tes 2 $#tes B $#tes
Destination
>.C .!!ress
V,.N ,en)t/'#pe Data
FCS Cec-
Caracter
C-V,.N S-V,.N
B$#tes
Varia$(e
(en)t
For"at of te fra"e %it
one C-V,.N ta)
Source >.C
.!!ress
Varia$(e
(en)t
Destination
>.C .!!ress
C-V,.N ,en)t/'#pe Data
FCS Cec-
Caracter
Source >.C
.!!ress
Destination
>.C .!!ress
,en)t/'#pe
Data
FCS Cec-
Caracter
Source >.C
.!!ress
Varia$(e
(en)t
For"at of te fra"e %it
one S-V,.N ta) neste!
%it one C-V,.N ta)
802*1? fra"e for"at
%+/+%+% Types o8 V5AN Tas
1#-' tags are used to identify usto/er-side pa9ets and supplier-side pa9ets!
IDDD *02!1ad defines two types of 1#-' tags" as shown in +igure 2-33!
Custo/er-side 1#-' tag" whih is referred to as C-1#-'!
&upplier-side 1#-' tag" whih is referred to as &-1#-'!
Copyright Huawei
1120
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 EinE data fra/e struture /odel
C-V,.N S-V,.N
B $#tes
Destination
>.C .!!ress
,en)t/'#pe Data
FCS Cec-
Caracter
Source >.C
.!!ress
Varia$(e
(en)t
Chere" the length of the data te;t is 0aria.le! The /a;i/u/ length of the data te;t depends
on the /a;i/u/ fra/e length that the ports of the e6uip/ent support!
%+/+%+& Structures o8 the S'V5AN and C'V5AN Tas
The four-.yte &-1#-' or C-1#-' te;t is di0ided into two su.te;ts7 the tag protool I,
(TPI,) and the tag ontrol Infor/ation (TCI)!
=oth the TPI, and TCI onsists of two .ytes! &ee +igure 2-3@!
Figure 1.1 Positions of the TPI, and TCI in the +ra/e &truture
C-V,.N S-V,.N
2 2 2
':2D ':2D 'C2 'C2
D $#tes D $#tes 2 $#tes B $#tes
Destination
>.C .!!ress
,en)t/'#pe Data FCS Cec-
Caracter
Source >.C
.!!ress
$#tes 2 $#tes $#tes $#tes
Varia$(e
(en)t
TPI, struture
TPI, onsists of two .ytes to indiate the 1#-' tag type! The TPI, of the C-1#-' is
always 0;*100I the TPI, of the &-1#-' an .e usto/i8ed! &ee Ta.le 2-32!
Table 1.1 Tag types defined with the TPI,
Ta Type Name Value o8
ID
C-1#-' Tag *02!16 Tag Protool Type 0;*100
&-1#-' Tag *02!16 &er0ie Tag Type 5ser-
defina.le
In the ase of the TPI, of the &-1#-'" IDDD *02!1ad speifies it to 0;**a*! In pratie" the setting of
TPI, for the &-1#-' tag 0aries with the e6uip/ent /anufaturer! +or o/pati.ility .etween 0arious
e6uip/ent" it is reo//ended to set the TPI, of the &-1#-' tag of a piee of e6uip/ent and the TPI,
of the interonneted e6uip/ent to the sa/e 0alue within 0%B00-++++!
The e6uip/ent supports setting of TPI,s .y .oard!
TCI struture
Copyright Huawei
1121
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The TCI struture of the &-1#-' is .asially the sa/e as that of the C-1#-'! The 1#-'
I, (1I,) te;t onsists of 12 .its and ranges fro/ 0 to @0A(! The differene is that the TCI of
the &-1#-' ontains the drop eligi.le (,D) indiation" with the priority ode point (PCP)
used" to indiate the priority of the &-1#-' fra/e!
The TCI strutures of the C-1#-' and &-1#-' are shown in +igure 2-3( and +igure 2-3B!
Figure 1.2 C-1#-' TCI struture
Octets6
7its6
:C: CF2 V2D
1 2
8 D 5 B 1 8 1
V2D
The TCI te;t of the C-1#-' onsists of the following two .ytes7
PCP (priority ode point)7 3 .its
Canonial for/at indiator (C+I)7 1 .it
Figure 1.( &-1#-' TCI struture
V2D
Octets6
7its6
:C: D5 V2D
1 2
8 D 5 B 1 8 1
The TCI te;t of the &-1#-' onsists of the following two .ytes7
PCP (priority ode point)7 3 .its
,D (,rop Dligi.le)7 1 .it
1I, (1#-' I,)7 12 .its
%+/+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that EinE o/plies with!
EinE o/plies with IDDD *02!16 and IDDD *02!1ad!
%+/+0 Availability
The EinE funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00" 1100200BC00 and
later
i4anager 52000 1100200(C00" 1100200BC02 and
Copyright Huawei
1122
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
D+&* 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
%+/+2 Principles
The EinE funtion is ahie0ed .y tagging data pa9ets with 1#-' I,s and forwarding the
data pa9ets through ports!
%+/+2+# Common Tain 3perations
The o//on tagging operations inlude the addition" detagging" e;hange and transparent
trans/ission of a tag!
Ta.le 2-33 shows the EinE tagging operations!
Table 1.1 Co//on EinE tagging operations
Scenari
o
Illustration Descripti
on
-dds one
1#-' tag
.ased on
ports
S-V,.N1 :OR'1 :OR'1
S-'V,.N2 :OR'2 :OR'2
$ne &-
1#-' tag is
added to the
data pa9ets
.ased on the
ports!
-dds two
1#-'
tags .ased
on ports
S-V,.N1 C-V,.N1 :OR'1 :OR'1
S-V,.N2 C-V,.N2 :OR'1 :OR'1
$ne C-
1#-' tag
and one &-
1#-' tag
are added to
the data
pa9ets .ased
on the ports!
Copyright Huawei
1123
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Scenari
o
on
-dds one
1#-' tag
.ased on
the ports
and C-
1#-'
tags
S-V,.N3 C-V,.N3 :OR'1 :OR'1 C-V,.N3
S-V,.N3 C-V,.Nn :OR'1 C-V,.Nn :OR'1
S-V,.N1 C-V,.N1 :OR'1 :OR'1 C-V,.N1
S-V,.N2 C-V,.N2 :OR'1 :OR'1 C-V,.N2
$ne &-
1#-' tag is
added to the
data pa9ets
with C-
1#-' tags
.ased on the
ports!
NOTE
To si/plify
&-1#-' tag
adding
operations"
the
e6uip/ent
an .ath add
one &-1#-'
tag for
pa9ets that
arry C-
1#-' tags
.ut do not
ha0e &-
1#-' tags
speified yet!
To ahie0e
this purpose"
set the C-
1#-' I, of
these pa9ets
to B((32!
2eplaes
the
e;isting C-
1#-' tag
and adds
one 1#-'
tag .ased
on ports
and C-
1#-'
tags
S-V,.N1 C-V,.N3 :OR'1 :OR'1 C-V,.N1
S-V,.N2 C-V,.NB :OR'1 C-V,.N2 :OR'1
The e;isting
C-1#-' tag
is replaed
and one &-
1#-' tag is
added to the
data pa9ets
with C-
1#-' tags
.ased on the
ports!
2eplaes
the &-
1#-' tag
.ased on
ports and
&-1#-'
tags
:OR'1 S-V,.N1
S-V,.N2 :OR'2
:OR'1 S-V,.N3
S-V,.NB :OR'2
The e;isting
&-1#-' tag
of the data
pa9ets with
&-1#-'
tags is
replaed
.ased on the
ports!
Copyright Huawei
112@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Scenari
o
on
&trips two
1#-'
tags .ased
on ports"
&-1#-'s
tags" and
C-1#-'
tags
S-V,.N1 C-V,.N1 :OR'1 :OR'1
S-V,.N2 C-V,.N2 :OR'1 :OR'1
The &-1#-'
tag and C-
1#-' tag of
the data
pa9ets with
&-1#-'
tags are
stripped
.ased on the
ports!
&trips one
1#-' tag
.ased on
ports and
C-1#-'
tags
C-V,.N1 :OR'1 :OR'1
C-V,.N2 :OR'1 :OR'1
$ne C-
1#-' tag is
stripped fro/
the data
pa9ets with
C-1#-'
tags .ased on
the ports!
2eplaes
the C-
1#-' tag
.ased on
ports and
C-1#-'
tags
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'1
:OR'2
C-V,.N3
C-V,.NB
C-V,.N1
C-V,.N2
The C-
1#-' tag of
the data
pa9ets with
C-1#-'
tags is
replaed
.ased on the
ports!
Transparen
tly
trans/its
the data
pa9ets
.ased on
ports and
C-1#-'
tags
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'1
:OR'2
C-V,.N1
C-V,.N2
C-V,.N1
C-V,.N2
The data
pa9ets with
C-1#-'
tags are
transparently
trans/itted
.ased on the
ports without
any
proessing!
Transparen
tly
trans/its
the data
pa9ets
.ased on
ports and
&-1#-'
tags
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'1
:OR'2
S-V,.N1
S-V,.N2
S-V,.N1
S-V,.N2
The data
pa9ets with
&-1#-'
tags are
transparently
trans/itted
.ased on the
ports without
any
proessing!
Copyright Huawei
112(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Scenari
o
on
&trips one
1#-' tag
.ased on
ports and
&-1#-'
tags
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'1
:OR'2
S-V,.N
S-V,.N
$ne &-
1#-' tag is
stripped fro/
the data
pa9ets with
&-1#-'
tags .ased on
the ports!
%+/+2+% Attributes o8 <in<'Supportin Ports
EinE ser0ies tra0el .etween the usto/er- and supplier-side networ9s and .etween different
supplier-side networ9s! Hene" the 1#-' tags and the ports that an identify and forward
these tags are re6uired! The proessing of a ser0ie with a 1#-' tag 0aries with the attri.utes
of the port that proesses the ser0ie!
There are two types of ports that support EinE ser0ies7
C-aware ports
&-aware ports
C'A7are Ports
The C-aware port an identify the C-1#-' tag! The lient ser0ie aess port is a C-aware
port!
Chen the port reei0es the data pa9ets with 1#-' tags" the e;ternal 1#-' tag of the
data pa9ets is a C-1#-' tag .y default!
Chen the port reei0es the data pa9ets without 1#-' tags" it proesses the data
pa9ets aording to the ser0ie type!
S'A7are Ports
The &-aware port an identify the &-1#-' tag! The ser0er-layer ser0ie aess port is an &-
aware port!
Chen the port reei0es the data pa9ets with 1#-' tags" the e;ternal 1#-' tag of the
data pa9ets is an &-1#-' tag .y default!
Chen the port reei0es the data pa9ets without 1#-' tags" it proesses the data
pa9ets aording to the ser0ie type!
The &-aware port an also identify the C-1#-' tag and ser0es as the on0ergene interfae .etween the
usto/er- and supplier-side networ9s!
%+/+2+& Common Service -or7ardin Scenarios
EinE data pa9ets are forwarded and transferred through the ports of e6uip/ent! ,uring
forwarding" the port /ust .e a.le to identify the for/at of the EinE data pa9ets!
Copyright Huawei
112B
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The o//on forwarding senarios of EinE ser0ies are as follows7
&er0ies fro/ one C port to another C port
&er0ies fro/ a C port to an & port
&er0ies fro/ an & port to a C port
&er0ies fro/ one & port to another & port
Chere" the C port denotes the C-aware port and the & port denotes the &-aware port!
Services -or7arded 8rom 3ne C Port to Another C Port
Ta.le 2-3@ shows the senario in whih ser0ies are forwarded fro/ one C port to another C
port!
Table 1.1 &enario in whih ser0ies are forwarded fro/ one C port to another C port
Scenari
o
Illustration Description
+orwardin
g of a data
pa9et
with a C-
1#-' tag
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port without
proessing C-
1#-'!
S. C-V,.N1 D. D.'.
S. C-V,.N2 D. D.'.
2nput
pac-ets
Output
pac-ets
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port L C-
1#-'" and
e;hanges the
C-1#-'!
2nput
pac-ets
Output
pac-ets
S. D. D.'.
S. D. D.'. C-V,.N
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port L C-
1#-'" and
detags the C-
1#-'!
Scenario in ;hich Services Are -or7arded 8rom a C Port to an S
Port
Ta.le 2-3( shows the senario in whih ser0ies are forwarded fro/ a C port to an & port!
Copyright Huawei
1123
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 &enario in whih ser0ies are forwarded fro/ a C port to an & port
Scenari
o
Illustration Description
+orwardin
g of a data
pa9et
with a C-
1#-' tag
2nput
pac-ets
Output
pac-ets
C-V,.N S. D. D.'.
C-
V,.N
S. D. D.'.
S-
V,.N
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port L C-
1#-'" and
adds the &-
1#-'!
2nput
pac-ets
Output
pac-ets
C-V,.N1 S. D. D.'.
C-
V,.N2
S. D. D.'.
S-
V,.N
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port L C-
1#-'"
e;hanges the
C-1#-'" and
adds the &-
1#-'!
+orwardin
g of a data
pa9et
without a
1#-' tag
2nput
pac-ets
Output
pac-ets
S. D. D.'.
S. D. D.'. S-V,.N
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port" and adds
the &-1#-'!
2nput
pac-ets
Output
pac-ets
C-
V,.N
S. D. D.'.
S. D. D.'.
S-
V,.N
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port" and adds
the C-1#-'
and &-1#-'!
Scenario in ;hich Services Are -or7arded 8rom an S Port to a C
Port
Ta.le 2-3B shows the senario in whih ser0ies are forwarded fro/ an & port to a C port!
Copyright Huawei
112*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 &enario in whih ser0ies are forwarded fro/ an & port to a C port
Scenari
o
Illustration Descriptio
n
+orwardin
g of a data
pa9et
with an &-
1#-' tag
2nput
pac-ets
Output
pac-ets
S-
V,.N
S. D. D.'.
S. D. D.'.
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port L &-
1#-'" and
detags the &-
1#-'!
+orwardin
g of a data
pa9et
with an &-
1#-' tag
and a C-
1#-' tag
2nput
pac-ets
Output
pac-ets
C-
V,.N
S-
V,.N
C-
V,.N
S. D. D.'.
S. D.
D.'.
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port L &-
1#-'" and
detags the &-
1#-'!
2nput
pac-ets
Output
pac-ets
S-
V,.N
C-
V,.N
S. D. D.'.
S. D. D.'.
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port L &-
1#-'" and
detags the C-
1#-' and &-
1#-'!
Scenario in ;hich Services are -or7arded 8rom 3ne S port to
Another S Port
Ta.le 2-33 shows the senario in whih ser0ies are forwarded fro/ one & port to another &
port!
Table 1.1 &enario in whih ser0ies are forwarded fro/ one & port to another & port
Scenari
o
n
+orwardin
g of a data
pa9et
with an &-
1#-' tag
2nput
pac-ets
Output
pac-ets
S-
V,.N1
S. D. D.'.
S. D. D.'.
S-
V,.N2
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port L &-
1#-'" and
e;hanges the
&-1#-'!
Copyright Huawei
112A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Scenari
o
n
+orwardin
g of a data
pa9et
with an &-
1#-' tag
and a C-
1#-' tag
2nput
pac-ets
Output
pac-ets
S-
V,.N1
C-
V,.N1
S. D. D.'.
S. D. D.'.
S-
V,.N2
C-
V,.N2
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port L &-
1#-'"
e;hanges the
&-1#-'
without
proessing the
C-1#-'!
+orwardin
g of a data
pa9et
regardless
of with or
without a
1#-' tag
2nput
pac-ets
Output
pac-ets
S. D. XXX
S. D. XXX
+orwards the
data pa9et
.ased on the
port without
proessing the
C-1#-' and
&-1#-'!
%+/+2+0 RealiEation Process o8 <in<
The EinE funtion is reali8ed .ased on the /ehanis/ of 1#-' tagging and the rule of
ser0ie forwarding .etween ports of different attri.utes!
<in< Service Net7or, .odel
In pratie" the /ost typial EinE ser0ie is7 - data pa9et tra0els fro/ one usto/er-side
networ9 to another usto/er-side networ9 through the supplier-side networ9 (either a single
supplier-side networ9 or /ultiple different supplier-side networ9s)!
The C-1#-' tag and the &-1#-' tag are used to respeti0ely indiate the usto/er-side
data and the supplier-side data! =ase on the senario" the tags are added" detagged and
e;hanged" to o/plete the direted trans/ission of the data!
+igure 2-33 shows the typial EinE ser0ie networ9 /odel!
Copyright Huawei
1130
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Typial EinE ser0ie networ9 /odel
OptiX N5
OptiX N5
C-V,.N1
C-V,.N2
C-V,.N1
C-V,.N2
S-V,.N1 C-V,.N1
S-V,.N1 C-V,.N2
S-V,.N2 C-V,.N1
S-V,.N2 C-V,.N2
OptiX N5
Supp(ier net%or-
S1
S2
Supp(ier net%or-
The trans/ission proess of the preeding EinE ser0ie networ9 /odel is as follows7
1! Chen two data pa9ets respeti0ely with a C-1#-'1 tag and a C-1#-'2 tag enter a
supplier-side networ9 through the $pti% 'D e6uip/ent" the &-aware port adds the
supplier-defined &-1#-'1 tag to the data pa9ets! Then" the data pa9ets with two
1#-' tags tra0el o0er the networ9!
2! Chen the data pa9ets tra0el fro/ &1 to &2" the &-aware aess port of &2 uses a new
supplier-defined tag &-1#-'2 to e;hange the &-1#-'1 tag! Then the data pa9ets
9eep on tra0eling o0er the new supplier-side networ9!
3! Chen the data pa9ets arri0e in the destination usto/er-side networ9 after tra0eling
o0er the supplier-side networ9" the usto/er-side C-aware port detags the supplier-
defined &-1#-'2 tag! Then" the data pa9ets are forwarded to the e;peted destination
usto/ers .ased on different usto/ersJ 1#-' tags!
%+/+4 Net7or,in and Application
#earning the o//on EinE appliation senarios and referring to the/ in the ase of si/ilar
senarios help orretly onfigure the EinE funtion!
-s shown in +igure 2-3*" Internet users" IPT1 users and 9ey lients re6uire aess to the
.road.and networ9 of the o//unity where they li0e! They are assigned with different C-
1#-' I,s for identifiation! - swith on0erges the ser0ies of different re6uire/ents! Chen
the ser0ies are aessed to the supplier-side networ9" they are added with different &-1#-'
tags for identifiation and indiation to /eet the different re6uire/ents of user aess!
Copyright Huawei
1131
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 -ppliation senario e;a/ple of EinE
2nternet
7roa!$an! access ser/er
Pe# c(ient
Pe# c(ient ser/ice ser/er
>u(ticast ser/ice router
2:'V
2nternet user
S%itc S%itc
OptiX N5 OptiX N5
C-V,.N101-200
C-V,.N301-B00
S-V,.N1001
S-V,.N1002
S-V,.N1003
C-V,.N201-300
Oou an set the EinE funtion on the $pti% 'D to ser0e the following purposes7
The e;ternal &-1#-' I, of the data pa9et whose C-1#-' I, ranges fro/ 101 to 200
is 1001!
The e;ternal &-1#-' I, of the data pa9et whose C-1#-' I, ranges fro/ 201 to 300
is 1002!
The e;ternal &-1#-' I, of the data pa9et whose C-1#-' I, ranges fro/ 301 to @00
is 1003!
In this way" different lient ser0ies with different two-tag o/.inations are lassified and
trans/itted to different destinations! - speifi two-tag o/.ination for eah lient greatly
relie0es the li/it of identifying ser0ies .ased on only one 1#-' I, and failitates the
groo/ing in and .etween the usto/er- and supplier-side networ9s!
%+/+* Con6urin the <in<
In the ase of /ultiple ser0ies rossing o0er different supplier-side networ9s" to si/ply tag"
identify and groo/ the ser0ies" you need to onfigure the EinE funtion!
%+/+*+# Con6urin :9ternal Ports on :thernet )oards
Chen an 'D aesses Dthernet ser0ies through the e;ternal ports (that is" P$2Ts) on the
Dthernet .oard" you need to set the attri.utes of the P$2Ts so that the P$2Ts an wor9 with
the data o//uniation e6uip/ent on the lient side! This ensures that the Dthernet ser0ies
an .e aessed nor/ally!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet .oards /ust .e reated!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the Dthernet .oard and hoose Cofiguratio > Et$eret
1terface Maagemet > Et$eret 1terface fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % &elet Exteral )ort!
Copyright Huawei
1132
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Step & &et the .asi attri.utes of the e;ternal ports!
1! Cli9 the Basic Attributes ta.!
2! &et the .asi attri.utes of the e;ternal ports!
Cor9ing /ode7 =y default" the wor9ing /ode is auto-negotiation! That is" two ports operate in the
wor9ing /ode of the highest le0el with pulse negotiation signals .etween the/! The interonneted
ports /ust .e set to onsistent wor9ing /odes! $therwise" the ser0ies are una0aila.le!
3! Cli9 A--l/!
Step 0 &et the flow ontrol /ode of the port!
1! Cli9 the Flow Cotrol ta.!
2! &et the flow ontrol /ode of the port!
-uto-negotiation flow ontrol /ode7 &elet this flow ontrol /ode when the wor9ing /ode of the
port is auto-negotiation! Eable ,iss/mmetric Flow Cotrol indiates that flow ontrol fra/es are
trans/itted rather than .eing reei0ed! Eable %/mmetric Flow Cotrol indiates that P-5&D
fra/es an .e trans/itted and reei0ed! Eable %/mmetric0,iss/mmetric Flow Cotrol indiates
that the auto-negotiation deter/ines whether to adopt the sy//etri or dissy//etri flow ontrol!
'on-auto-negotiation flow ontrol /ode7 &elet this flow ontrol /ode when the wor9ing /ode of
the port is not auto-negotiation! Eable %/mmetric Flow Cotrol indiates that P-5&D fra/es an
.e trans/itted and reei0ed! %ed Ol/ indiates that P-5&D fra/es an only .e trans/itted!
2ecei&e Ol/ indiates that P-5&D fra/es an only .e reei0ed!
3! Cli9 A--l/!
Step 2 &et the tag attri.utes of the e;ternal ports!
Dthernet transparent trans/ission .oards do not support the tag attri.utes!
1! Cli9 the TA9 Attributes ta.!
2! &et the tag attri.utes of the e;ternal ports!
3! Cli9 A--l/!
Step 4 &et the networ9 attri.utes of the e;ternal ports!
Dthernet transparent trans/ission .oards do not support the networ9 attri.utes!
1! Cli9 the Networ* Attributes ta.!
2! &et the networ9 attri.utes of the e;ternal ports!
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Figure @.1 -ttri.utes of the e;ternal ports on the Dthernet .oards that support the EinE
funtion
Chen the networ9 attri.ute of the port is set to 5'I" the port proesses the T-< attri.utes of the
*02!1E-o/pliant pa9ets! The 5'I port has the tag aware" aess" and hy.rid attri.utes!
Chen the networ9 attri.ute of the port is set to C-aware" the port does not proess the T-< attri.utes
of the *02!1E-o/pliant pa9ets! The C-aware port onsiders that the aessed pa9et does not
ontain an &-1#-' tag and proesses only the pa9ets that ontain a C-1#-' tag!
Chen the networ9 attri.ute of the port is set to &-aware" the port does not proess the T-< attri.utes
of the *02!1E-o/pliant pa9ets! The &-aware port onsiders that the aessed pa9et does not
ontain a C-1#-' tag and proesses only the pa9ets that ontain an &-1#-' tag!
3! Cli9 A--l/!
Step * &et the ad0aned attri.utes of the e;ternal ports!
Dthernet transparent trans/ission .oards do not support the ad0aned attri.utes!
1! Cli9 the Ad&aced Attributes ta.!
2! &et the ad0aned attri.utes of the e;ternal ports!
3! Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
%+/+*+% Con6urin Internal Ports on :thernet )oards
Chen an 'D trans/its Dthernet ser0ies to the &,H side through an internal port (that is"
1CT25'G) on an Dthernet .oard" you need to onfigure the attri.utes of the internal port so
that the Dthernet .oard wor9s with the Dthernet .oard on the peer 'D! This ensures that
Dthernet ser0ies are trans/itted properly o0er the &,H networ9!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet .oards /ust .e reated!
Precautions
Inorret onfiguration of .inding paths /ay ause ser0ie interruption!
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Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the orresponding Dthernet .oard and hoose Cofiguratio >
Et$eret 1terface Maagemet > Et$eret 1terface fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % &elet 1teral )ort!
Step & &et the tag attri.utes of the internal ports!
1! Cli9 the TA9 Attributes ta.!
2! &et the tag attri.utes of the internal ports!
3! Cli9 A--l/!
Step 0 &et the networ9 attri.utes of the internal ports!
1! Cli9 the Networ* Attributes ta.!
2! &et the networ9 attri.utes of the internal ports!
Figure 7.1 -ttri.utes of the internal ports on the Dthernet .oards that support the EinE
funtion
3! Cli9 A--l/!
Step 2 &et the enapsulation)/apping protool for the internal ports!
1! Cli9 the Eca-sulatio0Ma--ig ta.!
2! &et the /apping protool and the protool para/eters!
Ma--ig )rotocol of the 1CT25'Gs /ust .e onsistent on the Dthernet .oards at .oth ends of the
trans/ission line! In addition" the protool para/eters /ust also .e onsistent!
3! Cli9 A--l/!
Step 4 Configure the #C-& funtion of the internal ports!
1! Cli9 the !CA% ta.!
2! &et Eablig !CA% and the other #C-& para/eters!
Eablig !CA% of the 1CT25'Gs /ust .e onsistent on the Dthernet .oards at .oth ends of the
trans/ission line! In addition" the #C-& protool para/eters /ust also .e onsistent!
3! Cli9 A--l/!
Step * &et the paths to .e .ound with the internal ports!
1! Cli9 the Boud )at$ ta. and li9 Cofiguratio! Then" the Boud )at$
Cofiguratio dialog .o; is displayed!
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2! &elet a 1CT25'G port as the port to .e onfigured fro/ the Cofigurable )orts
drop-down list! In A&ailable Boud )at$s" selet the ti/eslots of the .earer layer! Then"
li9 !
3! Cli9 OK" and then li9 <es! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating
that the operation was suessful!
@! Cli9 Close!
....Ed
%+/+*+& Creatin :VP5 $<in<( Services
This setion desri.es how to reate D1P# (EinE) ser0ies on the '4& on a per-'D .asis!
PrereBuisites
The port attri.utes and .ound paths /ust .e set for the Dthernet .oard!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet an Dthernet .oard and hoose Cofiguratio > Et$eret %er&ice >
Et$eret !ie %er&ice fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Che9 the ,is-la/ +i+ %$ared %er&ice he9 .o;!
Step & Cli9 New and the Create Et$eret !ie %er&ice dialog .o; is displayed!
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Step 0 Co/plete the infor/ation of the D1P# (EinE) ser0ie!
If an appropriate path is not a0aila.le in the Boud )at$ field" li9 Cofiguratio to .ind new paths!
+or details on the operation" refer to 2!A!3!@ Configuring =ound Paths!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/ or OK!
....Ed
%+/+*+0 Con6urin )ound Paths
Oou an set the .andwidth and diretion of a 1CT25'G .y onfiguring its .ound paths!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet .oard /ust .e reated!
Precautions
Configuring the .ound paths /ay interrupt ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
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Procedure
Maagemet > Et$eret 1terface fro/ the +untion Tree! &elet 1teral )ort!
Step % Cli9 the Boud )at$ ta.! Cli9 Cofiguratio! Then" the Boud )at$ Cofiguratio
dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &elet the 1CT25'G port you need to .ind fro/ Cofigurable )orts! &elet the .earer
layer path fro/ the A&ailable Boud )at$s o/.o .o;! Cli9 !
&elet the le0el of the .ound paths aording to the atual re6uire/ents!
Step 0 Cli9 OK! Then" the )rom-t dialog .o; is displayed!
Step 2 Cli9 <es! Then" li9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
%+/+*+2 Creatin SD! Services
To add or drop ser0ies .etween a proessing .oard and a line .oard" thus reali8ing ser0ie
trans/ission in an &,H networ9" you need to reate &,H ross-onnetions fro/ the
proessing .oard to the line .oard!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > %,> %er&ice Cofiguratio
Step % Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery &,H ser0ies fro/ the 'D!
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Step & Cli9 Create and set the re6uired para/eters in the Create %,> %er&ice dialog .o; that is
displayed!
Step 0 Cli9 OK" Cli9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
%+/+1 :thernet Port Con6uration Parameters
=efore onfiguring an Dthernet ser0ie" you need to onfigure the orresponding Dthernet
ports!
%+/+1+# )asic Attributes
This topi desri.es the para/eters" suh as the port attri.ute" port ena.ling status" and
/a;i/u/ fra/e length" that are used for onfiguring the .asi attri.utes of an Dthernet port!
Ta.le 2-3* lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring the .asi attri.utes of an Dthernet
port!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring the .asi attri.utes of an Dthernet port
Port P$2Tn ,isplays all the a0aila.le
ports on an Dthernet port! The
letter n indiates the nu/.er
of the P$2T port!
'a/e +or e;a/ple7 P$2T-1 &peifies the na/e of a P$2T
port! The na/e an ontain up
to 32 haraters in Dnglish or
1B haraters in Chinese!
Dna.led),isa.led ,isa.led" Dna.led
Eabled indiates that this
port is used and ser0ies are
a0aila.le! ,isabled indiates
that the ser0ies on this port
are not proessed! Hene"
when onfiguring a ser0ie"
you need to ena.le the port to
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.e used!
Cor9ing 4ode -uto-'egotiation" 104 Half-
,uple;" 104 +ull-,uple;"
1004 Half-,uple;" 1004
+ull-,uple;" 10004 +ull-
,uple;
'egotiation
NOTE
D<T17
<D optial port7 supports
10004 full-duple; and auto-
negotiation!
<D eletrial port7 supports
auto-negotiation!
The D+&* .oard supports
-uto-'egotiation" 104 Half-
,uple;" 104 +ull-,uple;"
1004 Half-,uple; and 1004
+ull-,uple;!
D<&@7
<D eletrial port7 auto-
negotiation" 10004 full-
duple;" 1004 full-duple;"
and 104 full-duple;
<D optial port7 auto-
negotiation and 10004 full-
duple;
+D optial port7 1004 full-
duple;
&peifies the wor9ing /ode
of the Dthernet port on a
.oard! This para/eter
deter/ines the /a;i/u/
trans/ission rate and
o//uniation /ode of the
Dthernet port!
Chen setting this para/eter"
you /ust ensure the wor9ing
/odes of the interonneted
ports are the sa/e! $therwise"
the ser0ies are not a0aila.le!
4a;i/u/ +ra/e #ength 1(1*-AB00
,efault 0alue7 1(22
The Maximum Frame
!egt$ 3Et$eret )ort
Attribute4 para/eter
speifies the /a;i/u/ fra/e
length that is supported at an
Dthernet port!
1m-act o t$e %/stem=
If the pa9et length e;eeds
the speified /a;i/u/ fra/e
length" the pa9ets are
disarded! -lternati0ely" the
pa9et length is /ini/i8ed to
the speified fra/e length!
only when the pa9et enters
the port rather than when the
pa9et that e;its the port!
2ecommedatios=
&et the 0alue as re6uired!
<enerally" selet the default
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0alue" unless otherwise
speified!
Port Physial Para/eters ,isplays the 0alue that is
6ueried!
,isplays the atual wor9ing
status of the port!
4-C #oop.a9 'on-#oop.a9" Inloop
,efault 0alue7 'on-#oop.a9
The MAC !oo-bac*
3Et$eret )ort Attribute4
para/eter speifies the 4-C
loop.a9 state at an Dthernet
port! Port loop.a9 setting is
applied to loating faults only!
4-C loop.a9 is a funtion
of diagnosing faults! It /ay
affet the ser0ies onfigured
at the port! If the loop.a9
state is set to 1loo-" the
ser0ies at the port /ay .e
interrupted!
'alue descri-tio=
'on-#oop.a97 Indiates
the nor/al state! If the
e6uip/ent wor9s
nor/ally" you do not need
to set the 4-C loop.a9!
Inloop7 #oops .a9 the

ser0ies fro/ the ross-
onnetion side to the
ross-onnetion side
within the e6uip/ent at
the loal end!
PHO #oop.a9 'on-#oop.a9" Inloop
,efault 0alue7 'on-#oop.a9
The )>< !oo-bac*
para/eter speifies the PHO
loop.a9 state at an Dthernet
port! Port loop.a9 setting is
applied to loating faults only!
PHO loop.a9 is a funtion of
diagnosing faults! It /ay
affet the ser0ies onfigured
at the port! If the loop.a9
state is set to 1loo-" the
ser0ies at the port /ay .e
interrupted!
'alue descri-tio=
'on-#oop.a97 Indiates
the nor/al state! If the
e6uip/ent wor9s
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nor/ally" you do not need
to set the PHO loop.a9!
Inloop7 #oops .a9 the

ser0ies fro/ the ross-
onnetion side to the
ross-onnetion side
within the e6uip/ent at
the loal end!
%+/+1+% -lo7 Control
This topi desri.es the para/eters" suh as autonegotiation and non-autonegotiation" whih
are used for onfiguring flow ontrol funtion of an Dthernet port!
Ta.le 2-3A lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring flow ontrol of an Dthernet port!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring flow ontrol of an Dthernet port
Port P$2Tn ,isplays all the a0aila.le
4-C ports on an Dthernet
.oard!
&peifies the P$2T port! The
letter n indiates the nu/.er
of the P$2T port!
'on--utonegotiation
+low Control 4ode
,isa.led" Dna.le &y//etri
+low Control" &end $nly"
2eei0e $nly
The No.Autoegotiatio
Flow Cotrol Mode
speifies the flow ontrol
/ode adopted when an
Dthernet port wor9s in non-
auto-negotiation /ode!
'alue descri-tio=
,isa.led7 Indiates that the

port disa.les the flow
ontrol funtion!
Dna.le &y//etri +low

Control7 Indiates that the
port an trans/it P-5&D
fra/es and proess the
reei0ed P-5&D fra/es!
&end $nly7 Indiates that

the port sends the P-5&D
fra/e only!
2eei0e $nly7 Indiates that

the port an only proess
the reei0ed P-5&D
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fra/es!
2ecommedatios=
This para/eter is /eaningful
only when you onfigure the
DP# ser0ie! Oou an selet
the 0alue as re6uired!
-utonegotiation +low
Control 4ode
,isa.led" Dna.le
,issy//etri +low Control"
Control" Dna.le
&y//etri),issy//etri
+low Control
The Autoegotiatio Flow
Cotrol Mode 3Et$eret
)ort Attribute4 speifies the
flow ontrol /ode adopted
when an Dthernet port wor9s
in auto-negotiation /ode!
If the negotiation result is to
ena.le the flow ontrol
funtion" the P-5&D fra/e is
trans/itted to the upstrea/
port!
'alue descri-tio=
,isa.led7 Indiates that the

port disa.les the flow
ontrol funtion!
Dna.le ,issy//etri +low

port only trans/its flow
ontrol fra/es" .ut does
not proess the reei0ed
flow ontrol fra/es!

port an trans/it P-5&D
fra/es and proess the
reei0ed P-5&D fra/es!
Dna.le
&y//etri),issy//etri
+low Control7 Indiates
that the
sy//etri)dissy//etri
flow ontrol /ode is
deided .y the auto-
negotiation result!
2ecommedatios=
<enerally" set this para/eter
to Eable
%/mmetric0,iss/mmetric
Flow Cotrol" unless
otherwise speified!
Copyright Huawei
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%+/+1+& Net7or, Attributes
This topi desri.es the para/eters" suh as port attri.ute and P port enapsulation for/at"
whih are used for onfiguring networ9 attri.utes of an Dthernet port!
Ta.le 2-@0 lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring networ9 attri.utes of an Dthernet
port!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring networ9 attri.utes of an Dthernet port
Port P$2Tn or 1CT25'Gn &peifies the P$2T or
1CT25'G port! The letter n
indiates the nu/.er of the
port!
Port -ttri.utes 5'I" C--ware" &--ware
NOTE
The 0alue ranges of the
para/eters are different fro/
eah other for different .oards
and produts!
The )ort Attributes
3Et$eret )ort4 para/eter
speifies the position of a port
in the networ9! ,ifferent port
attri.utes support different
pa9ets!
'alue descri-tio=
5'I7 Indiates the interfae

.etween CD and PD! This
port proesses the pa9ets
with T-< attri.utes
speified in IDDD *02!1E!
4oreo0er" this port
identifies and proesses
the 1#-' I,s of the
reei0ed pa9ets aording
to the supported Tag
-ware" -ess or Hy.rid!
C--ware7 - C--ware (C-

1#-' -ware) port in the
networ9 is loated in the
position as the 5'I port at
the lient aess side! This
port identifies and
proesses the 1#-' (C-
1#-') in the pa9ets! If
the 0alue of +i+ T<)E
is 0alid" this port treats the
outer la.els of the pa9ets
as C-1#-'!
&--ware7 - &--ware (&-

1#-' -ware) port in the
networ9 is loated in the
position as the interfae on
the networ9 side! This port
identifies and proesses
Copyright Huawei
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the 1#-' (&-1#-') in
the pa9ets! If the 0alue of
EinE TOPD is 0alid" this
port treats the outer la.els
of the pa9ets as &-1#-'!
2ecommedatios=
The port attri.ute depends on
the port position in the
networ9 and the ser0ie! +or
this reason" selet a proper
port attri.ute as re6uired!
<enerally" selet the default
0alue!
+or the 4P#& ser0ie"

selet ) for the port that
trans/its or reei0es
pa9ets with 4P#& la.els!
+or the EinE ser0ie" selet

C.Aware or %.Aware for
the port! Conneting to the
port of the lient networ9"
a C--ware port identifies
and proesses the pa9ets
with C-1#-' la.els!
Conneting to the port at
the networ9 side" an &-
-ware port identifies and
proesses the pa9ets with
&-1#-' tags! The
onfiguration e;a/ples are
N -dd the &-1#-' tag
to the ser0ie fro/ Port
- to Port =" and
re/o0e the &-1#-'
tag fro/ the ser0ie
fro/ Port = to Port -!
Then selet C.Aware
for Port -" and %.
Aware for Port =!
N Configure a ser0ie
fro/ Port - to Port =
to transparently
trans/it the C-1#-'
tags at the lient side!
Then selet C.Aware
for Ports - and =!
to transparently
trans/it the &-1-#'
Copyright Huawei
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tags at the networ9
side! Then selet %.
Aware for Ports - and
=!
to swith the C-1#-'
tags at the lient side!
Then selet C.Aware
for Ports - and =!
to swith the &-1-#'
tags at the networ9
side! Then selet %.
Aware for Ports - and
=!
%+/+1+0 Advanced Attributes
This topi desri.es the para/eters" suh as the loop detetion" loop port shutdown" and
traffi threshold (4.it)s)" whih are used for onfiguring the ad0aned attri.utes of an
Dthernet port!
Ta.le 2-@1 lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring the ad0aned attri.utes of an
Dthernet port!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring the ad0aned attri.utes of an Dthernet port
Port P$2Tn Indiates the P$2T! The
letter n indiates the
nu/.er of the P$2T port!
Trans/itting 2ate (9.it)s) +or e;a/ple7 0 Indiates the Trasmittig
2ate!
2eei0ing 2ate (9.it)s) +or e;a/ple7 0 Indiates the 2ecei&ig
2ate!
=roadast Pa9et &uppression Dna.led" ,isa.led
The Broadcast )ac*et
%u--ressio 3Et$eret
1terface Attributes4
para/eter speifies
whether to ena.le the
funtion for a port to
suppress the .roadast
pa9ets and to ontrol the
traffi of the .roadast
data pa9ets that enter the
port! If the .roadast
Copyright Huawei
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pa9et suppression
funtion is ena.led" and if
the .roadast traffi
e;eeds the speified
threshold 0alue" the
.roadast pa9ets that
enter the port are
disarded!
If Broadcast )ac*et
%u--ressio is set to
Eabled" the port an
effeti0ely suppress the
traffi of the .roadast
pa9ets .y using the
statisti funtion of the
networ9 proessor on the
.oard!
2ecommedatios=
Oou an set this para/eter
aording to whether to
ontrol the traffi of the
.roadast pa9ets!
=roadast Pa9et &uppression
Threshold
10U-100U
,efault 0alue7 30U
The Broadcast )ac*et
%u--ressio
T$res$old(Et$eret
1terface Attributes)
para/eter alloates the
speified .andwidth to the
.roadast pa9ets! The
.andwidth is alloated on
the .asis of the traffi
proportion at the port! If
the .andwidth alloated to
the .roadast pa9ets
reahes the speified
threshold" the port disards
the .roadast data pa9ets
that are reei0ed!
If less .andwidth is
alloated to the
.roadast pa9ets"
so/e neessary
.roadast ser0ies are
affeted!
If e;essi0e .andwidth is
alloated to the
.roadast pa9ets"
e;essi0e .roadast
Copyright Huawei
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pa9ets /ay enter the
networ9! Conse6uently"
the networ9 running is
affeted!
2ecommedatios=
<enerally" adopt the
default 0alue!
Traffi Threshold(4.it)s) 0-100 (+D)" 0-1000 (<D)"
in step length of 1
,efault 0alue7 100 (+D)"
1000 (<D)
The Traffic
T$res$old3Mbit0s4
3Exteral Et$eret )ort
Attribute4 para/eter
speifies the data flow
threshold at e;ternal
physial ports!
If the data flow at e;ternal
physial ports is greater
than the speified
threshold" the
+#$CH$1D2 alar/ is
generated!
2ecommedatios=
<enerally" selet the 0alue
aording to the
.andwidth!
Port Traffi Threshold Ti/e
Cindow(4in)
0-30
,efault 0alue7 0
The )ort Traffic
T$res$old Time
"idow3Mi4 para/eter
speifies the duration for a
1CT25'G or a IP port to
/onitor the traffi after the
8ero traffi /onitoring
funtion of the port is
ena.led!
If the 0alue of this
para/eter is too large" the
port /ay fail to report the
8ero traffi alar/! If the
0alue of this para/eter is
too s/all" the :itter due to
the 8ero traffi alar/ /ay
our on the port!
2ecommedatios=
The user an set this
para/eter aording to the
atual ser0ie re6uire/ent!
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#oop ,etetion Dna.led" ,isa.led
The !oo- ,etectio
para/eter speifies the
funtion of reporting the
self-loop alar/s after one
of the following loop.a9
ases is deteted!
+or the e;ternal physial

interfae of the .oard"
the trans/it diretion is
onneted to the
reei0e diretion .y a
fi.er!
The two e;ternal

physial ports on the
.oard are ross-
onneted to eah other
through fi.ers!
The ross-onnetion is
reated on the sa/e
1CT25'G of the
.oard!
The ross-onnetion is
reated .etween
different 1CT25'Gs
of the .oard!
-fter the self-loop he9
funtion is ena.led for a
port" the speified self-
loop he9 pa9ets are
trans/itted fro/ the port!
$ne pa9et is trans/itted
eah seond!
2ecommedatios=
To he9 the self-loop
port" selet Eabled!
-arameters=
The loop port shut-down
funtion ta9es effet only
after the loop he9
funtion is ena.led!
#oop Port &hutdown Dna.led" ,isa.led
The !oo- )ort %$utdow
para/eter is set to disa.le
the self-loop port after a
self-loop port is deteted if
the loop port shutdown
Copyright Huawei
11@A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
funtion is ena.led! -fter
the self-loop port is shut
down" the self-loop port
only trans/its or reei0es
the self-loop detetion
pa9ets rather than any
other pa9ets! If the port is
not a self-loop port" it
starts to wor9 again!
If a port ena.les the loop
port shut-down funtion"
the IDDD *02!3ah protool
.lo9s the port one the
port is deteted to .e a
self-loop port! In this ase"
the ser0ies at the port are
interrupted! -ll the pa9ets
.ased on the upper-le0el
protool are disarded!
2ecommedatios=
To .lo9 a self-loop port"
selet Eabled! $therwise"
selet ,isabled!
-arameters=
The loop port shutdown
funtion ta9es effet only
after the IDDD *02!3ah
protool and the loop
detetion funtion are
ena.led!
%+/+1+2 TAG Attributes
Tag attri.utes are i/portant attri.utes for onfiguring Dthernet ser0ies" inluding the
para/eters suh as the default 1#-' I," 1#-' priority" ingress detetion setting" and tag
I,!
Ta.le 2-@2 lists the para/eters for onfiguring the tag attri.utes of an Dthernet port!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring the tag attri.utes of an Dthernet port
Port P$2Tn or 1CT25'Gn &peifies the P$2T or
1CT25'G port! The letter n
indiates the nu/.er of the port!
Tag Identifier -ess" Tag -ware" Hy.rid The Tag 1detifier para/eter
Copyright Huawei
11(0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
,efault 0alue7 Tag -ware
ndiates that the Dthernet port
supports IDDD *02!1E Dthernet
pa9ets that ontain 1#-' tags!
Oou an set three attri.utes to
differentiate the pa9ets fro/
eah other so that these pa9ets
an .e trans/itted effiiently!
'alue descri-tio=
-ess7 - port reei0es only the

pa9ets that do not ontain
1#-' tags! -fter reei0ing
the pa9ets" the port adds the
default 1#-' tag (P1I,) to
these pa9ets! Chen the
pa9ets are trans/itted fro/
the port" the 1#-' tags are
stripped off the pa9ets!
Tag -ware7 - port reei0es only

the pa9ets that ontain 1#-'
tags and disards the pa9ets
that do not ontain 1#-'
tags! Chen the pa9ets are
trans/itted fro/ the port" they
are diretly forwarded to the
ne;t port!
Hy.rid7 - port an reei0e all

the pa9ets regardless of
1#-' tags! -fter reei0ing
the pa9ets that do not ontain
1#-' tags" the port adds the
default 1#-' tag (P1I,) to
these pa9ets! Chen the
pa9ets are trans/itted fro/
the hy.rid port" the egress port
deter/ines whether the 1#-'
tags ontained in the pa9ets
are the sa/e as the P1I,! If
yes" the egress port strips the
1#-' tags off the pa9ets and
then forwards these pa9ets!
$therwise" the egress port
diretly forwards these
pa9ets!
2ecommedatios=
The tag attri.utes are onfigured
for 4-C ports and 1CT25'G
ports! Hene" the 1CT25'G
ports at .oth ends of the trun9 lin9
an .e onfigured with the tag
attri.utes! In the ase of a lin9" the
ser0ies are a0aila.le only when
Copyright Huawei
11(1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
the para/eters of the tag
attri.utes are the sa/e for the
1CT25'G ports on the soure
and sin9 ports! 'o re6uire/ents
are proposed for the tag attri.utes
of 4-C ports!
-arameters=
If Tag is set to Access for a

port" pa9ets without 1#-'
I,s are added with the default
1#-' I,s when they enter
the port! -fter these pa9ets
are trans/itted fro/ the port"
their 1#-' I,s are peeled
off!
If Tag is set to >/brid for a

the 1#-' I,s are peeled off
if they are the sa/e as the
default 1#-' I,s! $therwise"
these pa9ets are diretly
trans/itted!
If Tag is set to Tag Aware for a

I,s are disarded .efore they
enter the port! $therwise"
trans/itted!
+or C--ware and &--ware

ports" the tag attri.ute annot
.e set!
Ta.le 2-@3 lists the /apping
relationship .etween the pa9ets
handled .y the port and the tag
identifiers!
,efault 1#-' I, 1-@0A(
,efault 0alue7 1
The ,efault '!AN 1, 3Et$eret
)ort Attribute4 para/eter
speifies the default 1#-' I, of
a port!
2ecommedatios=
-lloate the default 1#-' I,
aording to the networ9ing plan
of the ser0ie arrier!
Copyright Huawei
11(2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-arameters=
If Tag is set to Access for a

their 1#-' I,s are peeled
off!
If Tag is set to >/brid for a

the 1#-' I,s are peeled off
if they are the sa/e as the
default 1#-' I,s! $therwise"
trans/itted!
If Tag is set to Tag Aware for a

I,s are disarded .efore they
enter the port! $therwise"
trans/itted!
1#-' Priority 0-3
,efault 0alue7 0
The '!AN )riorit/ 3Et$eret
speifies the priority of the default
1#-' I, of a port! It indiates
the priority of the ser0ie 6uality!
2ecommedatios=
&et the 1#-' priority aording
to the ser0ie re6uire/ents and
the alloation of the ser0ie
arrier!
Dntry ,etetion Dna.led" ,isa.led
The Etr/ ,etectio 3Et$eret
speifies whether to identify the
tag la.els in the data pa9ets!
The entry detetion funtion an
.e disa.led in the port-.ased
ser0ies only! If the entry
detetion funtion is disa.led" you
/ay fail to onfigure other
1#-'-.ased ser0ies!
'alue descri-tio=
Dna.led7 The port he9s the

Tag la.el! In this ase" the Tag
Copyright Huawei
11(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
attri.ute of the port is 0alid!
,isa.led7 The port does not

he9 the tag la.el! In this
ase" the Tag attri.ute of the
port is in0alid!
2ecommedatios=
To trans/it the data pa9et

transparently" the user an
disa.le the entry detetion
funtion!
To forward the data pa9et

aording to the ontents of
the data pa9et" the user an
ena.le the entry detetion
funtion!
Table 1.2 4apping relationship .etween the pa9ets handled .y the port and the tag identifiers
Pac,et Type Attribute o8 the
Inress Port
!andlin .ethod
Dthernet pa9ets that
ontain tags
Tag aware The port trans/its these
pa9ets!
-ess The port disards these
pa9ets!
Hy.rid The port trans/its these
pa9ets!
Dthernet pa9ets that do not
ontain tags
Tag aware The port disards these
pa9ets!
-ess The port trans/its these
pa9ets after adding the
default 1#-' I, to these
pa9ets!
Hy.rid The port trans/its these
pa9ets after adding the
default 1#-' I, to these
pa9ets!
%+/+1+4 :ncapsulationA.appin
The e6uip/ent supports the setting of enapsulation and /apping protools for Dthernet
pa9ets" inluding the para/eters suh as /apping protool" sra/.ling ode" and C2C or
not!
Copyright Huawei
11(@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Ta.le 2-@@ lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring the enapsulation and /apping of
an Dthernet port!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring the enapsulation and /apping of an Dthernet port
Port 1CT25'Gn Indiates the 1CT25'G
port! The letter n indiates
the nu/.er of the
1CT25'G port!
4apping Protool <+P" #-P&" H,#C
,efault 0alue7 <+P
The Ma--ig )rotocol
/apping protool of the
1CT25'G port!
The Ma--ig )rotocol
para/eter of the 1CT25'G
is the .asi setting of the
1CT25'G port! If the
para/eter 0alue is different
fro/ that of Ma--ig
)rotocol for the 1CT25'G
of the interonneted
e6uip/ent" the ser0ie is
interrupted!
'alue descri-tio=
<+P7 5ses the <+P

protool to enapsulate
the data of the
1CT25'G port!
#-P&7 5ses the #-P&

the data of the
1CT25'G port!
H,#C7 5ses the H,#C

the data of the
1CT25'G port!
2ecommedatios=
The 0alue of Ma--ig
)rotocol for 1CT25'G of
the loal e6uip/ent /ust .e
the sa/e as that of Ma--ig
)rotocol for the 1CT25'G
of the interonneted
e6uip/ent!
&ra/.le 5nsra/.led" &ra/.ling
/odeR%@3L1S" &ra/.ling
/odeR%@*L1S
,efault 0alue7 &ra/.ling
The %cramble para/eter
speifies whether to
sra/.le the payload area of
the enapsulation protool
Copyright Huawei
11((
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
/odeR%@3L1S
NOTE
The $pti% $&' ((0 does not
support %cramble
modeJF7HE1K!
and the sra/.le /ode!
If the 0alue of %cramble for
the 1CT25'G of the loal
e6uip/ent is different fro/
that of %cramble for the
1CT25'G of the
interonneted e6uip/ent"
the ser0ie is interrupted!
'alue descri-tio=
5nsra/.led7 ,oes not

sra/.le the payload
area!
&ra/.ling /odeR%@3L1S7
&ra/.les the payload
area in R%@3L1S /ode!
&ra/.ling /odeR%@*L1S7
&ra/.les the payload
area in R%@*L1S /ode!
2ecommedatios=
The 0alue of %cramble for
1CT25'G /ust .e the
sa/e as that of %cramble for
the 1CT25'G of the
interonneted e6uip/ent!
&et In0erse 1alue for C2C Oes" 'o
,efault 0alue7 Oes
The %et 1&erse 'alue for
C2C para/eter speifies
whether to set an in0erse
0alue for the C2C field of
the >,!C or !A)%
protool!
If the 0alue of %et 1&erse
'alue for C2C for the
1CT25'G of the loal
that of %et 1&erse 'alue for
C2C for the 1CT25'G of
the interonneted
e6uip/ent" the ser0ie is
interrupted!
'alue descri-tio=
Oes7 &ets an in0erse 0alue

for the C2C field!
'o7 ,oes not set an

in0erse 0alue for the C2C
field!
Copyright Huawei
11(B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2ecommedatios=
The 0alue of %et 1&erse
'alue for C2C for
1CT25'G of the loal
e6uip/ent /ust .e the sa/e
as that of %et 1&erse 'alue
for C2C for the 1CT25'G
of the interonneted
e6uip/ent!
-arameters=
only when Ma--ig
)rotocol is set to !A)% or
>,!C!
Che9 +ield #ength 'o" +C&1B" +C&32
,efault 0alue7 +C&32
NOTE
and produts!
The C$ec* Field !egt$
length of the C2C field of
the /apping protool!
If Ma--ig )rotocol is set
to >,!Cor !A)%" and if
the 0alue of C$ec* Field
!egt$ is different fro/ that
for the interonneted
1CT25'Gs at the two ends"
'alue descri-tio=
'o7 The protool fra/e

does not ontain the C2C
field! $nly the <+P
protool supports this
option!
+C&1B7 The C2C field of

the protool fra/e
ontains 1B .its!
+C&327 The C2C field of

the protool fra/e
ontains 32 .its!
2ecommedatios=
to >,!C or !A)%" the
0alue of C$ec* Field
!egt$ /ust .e onsistent
for the interonneted
1CT25'Gs at the two ends!
-arameters=
Copyright Huawei
11(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
to >,!C or !A)%" selet
FC%(2 only!
+C& Calulated =it
&e6uene
=ig endian" #ittle endian
NOTE
and produts!
The FC% Calculated Bit
%e?uece para/eter
speifies the se6uene of
storing the .its in the C2C
field of the /apping
protool!
If the 0alue of FC%
Calculated Bit %e?uece for
that of FC% Calculated Bit
%e?uece for the
1CT25'G of the
interonneted e6uip/ent"
'alue descri-tio=
=ig endian7 &tores the +C&

field .ased on =ig
endian!
#ittle endian7 &tores the

+C& field .ased on #ittle
endian!
2ecommedatios=
The 0alue of FC%
Calculated Bit %e?uece for
e6uip/ent /ust the sa/e as
that of FC% Calculated Bit
%e?uece for the
1CT25'G of the
%+/+1+* )ound Path
This topi desri.es the para/eters" suh as a0aila.le resoures" a0aila.le ti/eslots" and
ser0ie diretion" whih are used for .inding a path with an Dthernet port!
Ta.le 2-@( lists the para/eters that are used for .inding a path!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for .ound path
Configura.le Ports +or e;a/ple7 1CT25'Gn ,isplays all the a0aila.le
1CT25'G ports on the
.oard!
Copyright Huawei
11(*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
-0aila.le 2esoures +or e;a/ple7 1C@-1 ,isplays all the a0aila.le
1C-@s!
-0aila.le Ti/eslots +or e;a/ple7 1C12-1 ,isplays all the a0aila.le
ti/eslots!
1CT25'G Port 1CT25'Gn ,isplays the nu/.er (n) of
the 1CT25'G port!
#e0el +or e;a/ple7 1C12-;0 &peifies the le0el of a path
that is .ound with the
1CT25'G!
&er0ie ,iretion =idiretional" 5plin9"
,ownlin9
,efault 0alue7 =idiretional
&peifies the diretion of the
Dthernet ser0ie!
=ound Path +or e;a/ple7 1C@-@-
1C12(1-2)
&peifies the nu/.er of the
path to .e .ound!
=ound Path Count +or e;a/ple7 3 ,isplays the nu/.er of
1CT25'Gs to .e .ound!
5sed Channel +or e;a/ple7 5plin971C@-
3-1C3(1-3)73
,ownlin971C@-3-1C3(1-
3)73
,isplays the atually used
hannel!
-ti0ation &tatus -ti0e" ,eati0e ,isplays whether the path is
ati0e!
,isplay in Co/.ination - If you selet ,is-la/ i
Combiatio" the .ound
paths are displayed in a
entrali8ed /anner!
$therwise" the .ound paths
are displayed in a distri.uted
/anner!
%+/+/ :thernet Service Con6uration Parameters
Dthernet ser0ies an .e lassified into Dthernet pri0ate line ser0ies and Dthernet pri0ate
networ9 ser0ies! Dthernet pri0ate line ser0ies inlude DP# ser0ies and D1P# ser0ies!
Dthernet pri0ate networ9 ser0ies inlude DP#-' ser0ies and D1P#-' ser0ies!
%+/+/+# Con6urin :thernet Private 5ine Services
This topi desri.es the para/eters" suh as operation type" ser0ie type" and enapsulation
for/at of the P port" that are used for onfiguring Dthernet pri0ate line ser0ies!
Ta.le 2-@B lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring Dthernet pri0ate line ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
11(A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring Dthernet pri0ate line ser0ies
=oard +or e;a/ple7 'D(01-(-D+&* ,isplays the na/e
of the .oard!
&er0ie Type DP#" D1P#(EinE)
,efault 0alue7 DP#
NOTE
The 0alue ranges of the para/eters are
different fro/ eah other for different
.oards and produts!
The %er&ice T/-e
3E)! %er&ice4
para/eter speifies
the Dthernet pri0ate
line ser0ie type!
'alue descri-tio=
DP#7 Indiates
the transparent
trans/ission
ser0ie or the
1#-' pri0ate
line ser0ie!
D1P#(EinE)7
Indiates the
Dthernet EinE
0irtual pri0ate
line ser0ie!
2ecommedatios
=
&elet a ser0ie
type as re6uired!
&er0ie ,iretion =idiretional" 5nidiretional
&peifies the
trans/ission
diretion of the
ser0ie!
- .idiretional
ser0ie refers to the
two ser0ies that
are trans/itted
fro/ the soure
port to the sin9 port
and fro/ the sin9
port to the soure
port! -
unidiretional
ser0ie refers to the
ser0ie that is
trans/itted fro/
the soure port to
the sin9 port!
&oure Port P$2Tn" 1CT25'Gn
+or e;a/ple7 P$2T3
&peifies the na/e
of the soure port!
&oure C-1#-' D/pty" 1-@0A(
,efault 0alue7 D/pty
The C.'!AN ad
%.'!AN para/eter
Copyright Huawei
11B0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
speifies the two
types of 1#-'
tags defined in the
EinE ser0ie and
IDDD *02!1ad! C-
1#-' is ta9en as
the lient 1#-'
tag! &-1#-' is
ta9en as the ser0ie
1#-' tag! C-
1#-' Tag (C-
T-<) indiates the
1#-' tag on the
lient side" and &-
1#-' Tag (&-
T-<) indiates the
1#-' tag at the
ser0ie layer of the
arrier!
This para/eter is
applia.le to the
EinE ser0ies!
'alue descri-tio=
D/pty7 Indiates
that the port
does he9 the
C-1#-')&-
1#-'! The
ser0ies are
forwarded
aording to the
port!
1-@0A(7 Indiates
that the port
he9s the C-
1#-')&-
1#-'! The
ser0ies are
forwarded
aording to the
port and C-
1#-')&-
1#-'!
2ecommedatios
=
&elet the 0alue
aording to the
networ9! <enerally"
selet C-1#-'
and &-1#-'
alloated .y the
Copyright Huawei
11B1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
arrier!
&oure &-1#-' D/pty" 1-@0A(
The C.'!AN ad
%.'!AN para/eter
speifies the two
types of 1#-'
tags defined in the
EinE ser0ie and
IDDD *02!1ad! C-
1#-' is ta9en as
the lient 1#-'
tag! &-1#-' is
ta9en as the ser0ie
1#-' tag! C-
1#-' Tag (C-
T-<) indiates the
1#-' tag on the
lient side" and &-
1#-' Tag (&-
T-<) indiates the
1#-' tag at the
ser0ie layer of the
arrier!
This para/eter is
applia.le to the
EinE ser0ies!
'alue descri-tio=
D/pty7 Indiates
that the port
does he9 the
C-1#-')&-
1#-'! The
ser0ies are
forwarded
aording to the
port!
1-@0A(7 Indiates
that the port
he9s the C-
1#-')&-
1#-'! The
ser0ies are
forwarded
aording to the
port and C-
1#-')&-
1#-'!
2ecommedatios
=
&elet the 0alue
aording to the
Copyright Huawei
11B2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
networ9! <enerally"
selet C-1#-'
and &-1#-'
alloated .y the
arrier!
&in9 Port P$2Tn" 1CT25'Gn
+or e;a/ple7 P$2T3
&peifies the na/e
of the sin9 port!
&in9 C-1#-' D/pty" 1-@0A(
The C.'!AN ad
%.'!AN para/eter
speifies the two
types of 1#-'
tags defined in the
EinE ser0ie and
IDDD *02!1ad! C-
1#-' is ta9en as
the lient 1#-'
tag! &-1#-' is
ta9en as the ser0ie
1#-' tag! C-
1#-' Tag (C-
T-<) indiates the
1#-' tag on the
lient side" and &-
1#-' Tag (&-
T-<) indiates the
1#-' tag at the
ser0ie layer of the
arrier!
This para/eter is
applia.le to the
EinE ser0ies!
'alue descri-tio=
D/pty7 Indiates
that the port
does he9 the
C-1#-')&-
1#-'! The
ser0ies are
forwarded
aording to the
port!
1-@0A(7 Indiates
that the port
he9s the C-
1#-')&-
1#-'! The
ser0ies are
forwarded
aording to the
port and C-
Copyright Huawei
11B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1#-')&-
1#-'!
2ecommedatios
=
&elet the 0alue
aording to the
networ9! <enerally"
selet C-1#-'
and &-1#-'
alloated .y the
arrier!
&in9 &-1#-' D/pty" 1-@0A(
The C.'!AN ad
%.'!AN para/eter
speifies the two
types of 1#-'
tags defined in the
EinE ser0ie and
IDDD *02!1ad! C-
1#-' is ta9en as
the lient 1#-'
tag! &-1#-' is
ta9en as the ser0ie
1#-' tag! C-
1#-' Tag (C-
T-<) indiates the
1#-' tag on the
lient side" and &-
1#-' Tag (&-
T-<) indiates the
1#-' tag at the
ser0ie layer of the
arrier!
This para/eter is
applia.le to the
EinE ser0ies!
'alue descri-tio=
D/pty7 Indiates
that the port
does he9 the
C-1#-')&-
1#-'! The
ser0ies are
forwarded
aording to the
port!
1-@0A(7 Indiates
that the port
he9s the C-
1#-')&-
1#-'! The
Copyright Huawei
11B@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
ser0ies are
forwarded
aording to the
port and C-
1#-')&-
1#-'!
2ecommedatios
=
&elet the 0alue
aording to the
networ9! <enerally"
selet C-1#-'
and &-1#-'
alloated .y the
arrier!
-ti0ation &tatus -ti0e" Inati0e ,isplays the
ser0ie status!
$peration Type -dd &-1#-'" Translate &-1#-'"
Transparently trans/it &-1#-'"
Transparently trans/it C-1#-'"
Transparently Trans/it &-1#-' and
C-1#-'" &trip &-1#-'
NOTE
The 0alue ranges of the para/eters are
different fro/ eah other for different
.oards and produts!
The O-eratio
T/-e 3E)!
%er&ice4 para/eter
speifies whether
to add" strip"
translate or
transparently
trans/it 1#-'
la.els for ser0ie
pa9ets at a port
when %er&ice T/-e
is set to
E')!3+i+4!
'alue descri-tio=
-dd &-1#-'7
Indiates that
the one layer of
&-1#-' la.el
is added to the
proessed
pa9ets in the
ser0ie!
Translate &-
1#-'7 If the
soure &-1#-'
la.els of the
pa9ets
proessed in the
ser0ie are
translated into
the sin9 &-
1#-' la.els"
the soure &-
Copyright Huawei
11B(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1#-' la.el
/ust .e
different fro/
the sin9 &-
1#-' la.el!
Transparently
trans/it &-
1#-'7
+orwards the
ser0ie pa9ets
aording to the
port or &-
1#-'! -fter
the pa9ets are
proessed in the
ser0ie" the &-
1#-' la.els in
the pa9ets are
not hanged!
Transparently
trans/it C-
1#-'7
+orwards the
ser0ie pa9ets
aording to the
port or C-
1#-'! -fter
the pa9ets are
proessed in the
ser0ie" the C-
1#-' la.els in
the pa9et are
not hanged!
Transparently
Trans/it &-
1#-' and C-
1#-'7
Indiates that
the
Transparently
trans/it C-
1#-' and
Transparently
trans/it &-
1#-' la.els
are added to the
pa9ets
proessed in the
ser0ie!
&trip &-1#-'7
&trips the &-
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1#-' la.el!
2ecommedatios
=
&elet a proper
ite/ aording to
networ9 planning
and ser0ie /odel!
Port +or e;a/ple7 P$2T3" 1CT25'G1 ,isplays the port
na/e!
Port Type

If a .oard supports the 4P#&
funtion" its port type an .e set to
PD or P! ,efault 0alue7 PD!
If a .oard supports the EinE

funtion" its port type an .e set to
5'I" C--ware" or &--ware!
,efault 0alue7 5'I!
&peifies the
networ9 attri.ute of
a port!
- pro0ider edge
(PD) port refers to
the edge port that is
pro0ided .y the
ser0ie pro0ider! -
PD port an
trans/it and
reei0e standard
Dthernet fra/es"
.eause its default
4P#&
enapsulation type
is in0alid!
- pro0ider (P) port
refers to the port on
the ore networ9 of
the ser0ie
pro0ider! - P port
an trans/it and
reei0e the pa9ets
that ontain 4P#&
la.els" .eause its
default tag attri.ute
is in0alid!
If a port is in 5'I
/ode and
proesses *02!1E
tag attri.ute" this
port has the Tag
-ware" -ess" and
Hy.rid attri.utes!
If a port is in C-
-ware /ode" this
port does not
proess the pa9ets
with *02!1E tag
attri.utes! In this
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
ase" this port
onsiders that the
aessed pa9ets
ontain C-1#-'
tags rather than &-
1#-' tags!
If a port is in &-
-ware /ode" this
port does not
proess the pa9ets
with *02!1E tag
attri.utes! In this
ase" this port
onsiders that the
aessed pa9ets
ontain &-1#-'
tags rather than C-
1#-' tags!
Port Dna.led Dna.led" ,isa.led
Indiates whether a
port is ena.led!
Eabled7 The port
an aess ser0ies!
,isabled7 The port
annot aess
ser0ies!
T-< Tag -ware" -ess" Hy.rid
,efault 0alue7 Tag -ware
&peifies the type
of a pa9et to .e
proessed! If you
set this para/eter
to .e a Tag -ware
port" the port
proesses only the
pa9ets that ontain
tags and disards
the pa9ets that do
not ontain tags! If
you set this
para/eter to .e an
-ess port" the
port proesses only
the pa9ets that do
not ontain tags
and disards the
pa9ets that ontain
tags! If you set this
para/eter to .e a
Hy.rid port" the
port proesses all
the pa9ets
regardless of tags
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
and adds tags to the
reei0ed pa9ets
that do not ontain
tags aording to
the 1#-' I, of
the loal port!
1CT25'G Port +or e;a/ple7 1CT25'G1 ,isplays the na/e
of the 1CT25'G!
#e0el 1C12-;0" 1C3-;0 &peifies the le0el
of a path that is
.ound with the
1CT25'G!
&er0ie ,iretion =idiretional" 5plin9" ,ownlin9
Indiates the
diretion of the
Dthernet ser0ie!
=ound Path +or e;a/ple7 1C@-@-1C12(1-2"@) &peifies the
nu/.er of a path to
.e .ound" inluding
the nu/.ers of the
1C-@" 1C-12 or
1C-3" and <D
paths!
=ound Path Count +or e;a/ple7 3 ,isplays the
nu/.er of .ound
paths!
%+/+/+% Con6urin :thernet Private Net7or, Services
This setion desri.es the para/eters for onfiguring Dthernet pri0ate networ9 ser0ies!
Ta.le 2-@3 lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring Dthernet pri0ate networ9
ser0ies!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring Dthernet pri0ate networ9 ser0ies
=oard 'D 'a/e-&lot I,-
=oard 'a/e
+or e;a/ple7 'D(A-1)-
@-D+&*
,isplays the na/e of the .oard!
1= I, +or e;a/ple7 1 The 1= I, is alloated auto/atially
when you reate a #-' ser0ie!
1= 'a/e Contains up to 1B
haraters or nu/erals
in Dnglish or eight
&peifies the na/e of the 1=!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
haraters in Chinese!
+or e;a/ple7 1=1
=ridge Type *02!16" *02!1d" *02!1ad
,efault 0alue7 *02!16
&peifies the type of the 1=!
=ridge &with 4ode I1#)Ingress +ilter
Dna.le" &1#)Ingress
+ilter ,isa.le
,efault 0alue7
I1#)Ingress +ilter
Dna.le
&peifies the swithing /ode of the 1=!
=ridge #earning
4ode
I1#" &1#
,efault 0alue7 I1# (The
.ridge type is o/pliant
with IDDD *02!16 or
IDDD *02!1ad)" &1#
(The .ridge type is
o/pliant with
IDDD*02!1d or IDDD
*02!1ad)
Bridge !earig Mode (Et$eret
!AN %er&ice) indiates how the .ridge
learns the 4-C address! Bridge
!earig Mode is lassified into the
shared 1#-' learning and independent
1#-' learning /odes! The shared
1#-' learning /ode indiates learning
and forwarding .ased on the 4-C
address! The independent 1#-'
learning /ode indiates learning and
forwarding .ased on the 1#-' and
4-C address!
The independent 1#-' learning /ode
reali8es the funtions of .roadast
pa9et onstraint and 0irtual wor9group
and ensures that the data are trans/itted
safely on the networ9!
The shared 1#-' learning /ode
indiates the 4-C address that is learnt
.y this 1#-' interfae is shared .y all
the other 1#-' interfaes" whih
redues the safety of data pa9ets!
'alue descri-tio=
I1#7 Indiates that in the independent

1#-' learning /ode" data pa9ets
of different 1#-' interfaes are not
assoiated!
&1#7 Indiates that in the shared

1#-' learning /ode" the .ridge
learns all the data /essages .ased on
the 4-C address!
2ecommedatios=
The user an set the para/eter
aording to the networ9ing
re6uire/ents!
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Ingress +ilter Dna.led
,isplays the status of the ingress filter
funtion!
Eabled7 The ingress port he9s the
0alidity of 1#-' I,s .ased on the 1=!
If the pa9ets reei0ed on the ingress
port do not .elong to the 1#-' of the
1= port" these pa9ets are disarded!
4-C -ddress &elf-
#arning
Dna.led
Indiates whether the 4-C address
learning funtion is ena.led!
Eabled7 4-C addresses an .e learnt!
-ti0e -ti0e ,isplays the ati0ation status of the 1=!
Table 1.2 Para/eters for onfiguring ser0ie /ount
1= Port +or e;a/ple7 1 ,isplays the 1= port!
-lloated auto/atially when the
1= /ount port is onfigured!
4ount Port +or e;a/ple7 P$2T1 ,isplays the /ount port! The /ount
port /ay .e the P$2T port or 1C
trun9 port!
Port Type +or e;a/ple7 5'I ,isplays the networ9 attri.utes for a
port!
1alue 2ange7 5'I" C--ware" &-
-ware! ,efault 0alue7 5'I
Dnapsulation
+or/at
4artinioD" sta9 1#-' ,isplays the enapsulation for/at
for a port of the P type!
NOTE
The $pti% $&' ((0 does not support
this para/eter!
Port Dna.led Dna.led" ,isa.led Dna.les or disa.les a port!
Eabled7 This port an aess

ser0ies!
,isabled7 This port annot aess

ser0ies!
Hu.)&po9e Hu." &po9e
,efault 0alue7 Hu.
>ub0%-o*e (Dthernet #-' &er0ie)
is used to separate pa9ets .etween
the logial ports in the networ9
.ridge!
In the sa/e 1= 1#-' filter or plain
.ridge7
Co//uniation is a0aila.le
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
.etween ports onfigured with
>ub!
Co//uniation is a0aila.le
.etween a port onfigured with
%-o*e and a port onfigured with
>ub!
Co//uniation is una0aila.le
.etween ports .oth onfigured
with %-o*e!
&et this para/eter aording to the
isolation do/ain range of the user!
T-< -ess" Tag -ware" Hy.rid ,isplays the tag attri.ute of the 1=!
,efault 1#-' I, +or e;a/ple7 1 ,isplays the 1#-' I,!
Cor9ing 4ode -uto-'egotiation" 104
Half-,uple;" 104 +ull-
,uple;" 1004 Half-
,uple;" 1004 +ull-
,uple;" 10004 Half-
,uple;" 10004 +ull-
,uple;" 10< +ull-,uple;
#-'" 10< +ull-,uple;
C-'
NOTE
D<T17
<D optial port7 supports
10004 full-duple; and
auto-negotiation!
<D eletrial port7 supports
auto-negotiation!
The D+&* .oard supports
-uto-'egotiation" 104
Half-,uple;" 104 +ull-
,uple;" 1004 Half-,uple;
and 1004 +ull-,uple;!
D<&@7
<D eletrial port7 auto-
negotiation" 10004 full-
duple;" 1004 full-duple;"
and 104 full-duple;
<D optial port7 auto-
negotiation and 10004
full-duple;
+D optial port7 1004 full-
duple;
,isplays the wor9ing /odes of the
Dthernet port! -uto-'egotiation an
auto/atially deter/ine the
opti/i8ed wor9ing /odes of the
onneted ports! This /ode is easy
to /aintain and is reo//ended!
,uring onfiguration" /a9e sure that
wor9ing /odes of the onneted
ports are onsistent! If the wor9ing
/odes are different" the ser0ies are
down!
-ti0e +or e;a/ple7 -ti0e ,isplays the ati0ation status!
&er0ie ,iretion +or e;a/ple7 =idiretional ,isplays the wor9ing /odes of the
Dthernet port!
C-1#-' 1 to @0A( ,isplays the C-1#-' 0alue!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&-1#-' 1 to @0A( ,isplays the &-1#-' 0alue!
C-1#-' Priority - ,isplays the priority of C-1#-'!
&-1#-' Priority - ,isplays the priority of &-1#-'!
Table 1.( Para/eters for onfiguring 1#-' filtering
1#-' I, 1 to @0A( ,isplays the 1#-' I, and
onfigures the forwarding filter
ta.le!
1= Port +or e;a/ple7 (1"3-@) -lloated auto/atially when the
+orwarding Physial
Port
+or e;a/ple7 P$2T1"
1CT25'G(("*)
,isplays the physial port that is
atually attahed to the 1= lin9!
-ti0ation &tatus +or e;a/ple7 -ti0e Acti&atio %tatus (Dthernet #-'
&er0ie) indiates that the ser0ie at
the port is in ati0ation status!
Table 1.7 Para/eters for onfiguring 1#-' uniast
1#-' I, 1 to @0A( $nly the 1#-' I, speified in the
forwarding filter ta.le an .e
seleted!
4-C -ddress 00-00-00-00-00-01 to +D-
++-++-++-++-++
,isplays the 4-C address of 1#-'
uniast!
1= Port +or e;a/ple7 1 -lloated auto/atially when the
Physial Port +or e;a/ple7 P$2T1 ,isplays the na/e of the port!
-ging &tatus +or e;a/ple7 &tati ,isplays the aging status of uniast
ite/s" inluding stati and dyna/i!
Table 1.5 Para/eters for onfiguring disa.le 4-C address
1#-' I, 1 to @0A( Inhi.its a 4-C address in the
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1#-' of a ertain 1=!
4-C -ddress 00-00-00-00-00-01 to +D-
++-++-++-++-++
Dnters a 4-C address that is to .e
inhi.ited! Hene" enters a 4-C
address that is not assoiated to the
1#-' uniast of this 1#-'!
The first digit is an e0en nu/.er!
Table 1.@ Para/eters for .ound path
Configura.le Ports +or e;a/ple7 1CT25'Gn ,isplays all the a0aila.le
1CT25'G ports on the
.oard!
-0aila.le 2esoures +or e;a/ple7 1C@-1 ,isplays all the a0aila.le
1C-@s!
-0aila.le Ti/eslots +or e;a/ple7 1C12-1 ,isplays all the a0aila.le
ti/eslots!
1CT25'G Port 1CT25'Gn ,isplays the nu/.er (n) of
the 1CT25'G port!
#e0el +or e;a/ple7 1C12-;0 &peifies the le0el of a path
that is .ound with the
1CT25'G!
&er0ie ,iretion =idiretional" 5plin9"
,ownlin9
&peifies the diretion of the
Dthernet ser0ie!
=ound Path +or e;a/ple7 1C@-1-
1C12(1-3)
&peifies the nu/.er of the
path to .e .ound" for
e;a/ple" 1C@-1-1C12(1-3)!
=ound Path Count +or e;a/ple7 3 ,isplays the nu/.er of
1CT25'Gs to .e .ound!
-ti0ation &tatus -ti0e" ,eati0e ,isplays whether the path is
ati0e!
,isplay in Co/.ination - If you selet ,is-la/ i
Combiatio" the .ound
paths are displayed in a
entrali8ed /anner!
$therwise" the .ound paths
are displayed in a distri.uted
/anner!
Copyright Huawei
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%+#" <oS
%+#"+# Introduction
The 6uality of ser0ie (Eo&) /eans that the e;peted lass of ser0ie" in ter/s of the
.andwidth" delay" delay :itter" and pa9et loss ratio" an .e guaranteed under all iru/stanes
in a o//uniations networ9! In this way" the re6uest and response of an appliation satisfy
an e;peta.le lass of ser0ie!
D/erging ser0ies ha0e speial re6uire/ents for trans/ission perfor/anes suh as the
.andwidth" delay" and delay :itter! The .est effort ser0ie /ode in traditional networ9s"
howe0er" does not pro0ide o/plete ser0ie apa.ilities! The Eo& tehnology is de0eloped to
sol0e this pro.le/!
In a traditional IP networ9" all pa9ets are treated in an undifferentiated way! D0ery router
adopts the first in first out (+I+$) poliy to proess pa9ets" and /a9es its .est effort to
trans/it pa9ets to the destination! In this ase" the pa9et trans/ission perfor/anes suh as
the relia.ility and delay are not ensured!
The onstant de0elop/ent of networ9s and the e/ergene of new appliations raise new
re6uire/ents for the 6uality of ser0ie in IP networ9s! +or e;a/ple" real-ti/e ser0ies suh as
0oie o0er IP (1oIP) ha0e a high re6uire/ent for the trans/ission delay of pa9ets! - too long
trans/ission delay is unaepta.le to the user! 1ideo onferene and 0ideo on de/and (1$,)
ser0ies re6uire a guarantee of high .andwidth" low delay" and lower delay :itter! Gey tas9s
suh as transations and Telnet /ay not re6uire a high .andwidth" .ut to a great e;tent re6uire
low delay! In the ase of a ongestion" 9ey tas9s /ust ha0e the priority to .e proessed! In
ontrast" e/ail and +TP ser0ies are not sensiti0e to ti/e delay!
To support 0oie" 0ideo" and data ser0ies that ha0e different ser0ie re6uire/ents" a networ9
/ust .e a.le to differentiate o//uniation types and thus pro0ide rele0ant ser0ie!
+igure 2-*1 shows the trans/ission of pa9ets in a ongested networ9" through an interfae
that does not support Eo&!
Figure 1.1 Illustration of the +I+$ 6ueue
Out-of-?ueue
)roo"in)
FIFO
Fueue
:ac-ets to $e
trans"itte! trou)
te interface
:ac-ets
trans"itte! out
of te interface
'e ur)enc# of pac-ets !ecreases fro" (eft to ri)t*
-ll pa9ets to .e trans/itted through this interfae enter the +I+$ 6ueue aording to the
se6uene of their arri0al at the interfae! The interfae trans/its these pa9ets fro/ the head
of the 6ueue! The pa9ets are not differentiated during the trans/ission" and the 6uality of
pa9et trans/ission is not guaranteed!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
+igure 2-*2 shows the trans/ission of pa9ets in a ongested networ9 where prioriti8ed
6ueues are used to support Eo&!
Figure 1.2 Illustration of prioriti8ed 6ueues
Out-of-?ueue
)roo"in)
Fueue 7
Fueue D
Fueue 5
Fueue 0
.
.
.
,o%
:ac-ets to $e
trans"itte! trou)
te interface
C(assification
Fueue :riorit#
&i)est
&i)
,o%est
:ac-ets
trans"itte! out
of te interface
-fter pa9ets arri0e at the interfae" the pa9ets are lassified and then enter a 6ueue that is
rele0ant to the speifi lassifiation! The interfae trans/its the pa9ets in a higher priority
6ueue first" and then trans/its the pa9ets in a lower priority 6ueue! -s the pa9ets with a
higher priority are always trans/itted first" these pa9ets ha0e a low delay" and in the ase of
a networ9 ongestion" their perfor/anes inluding the pa9et loss ratio and the delay :itter
are also ensured!
The Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oards pro0ide the Eo& funtion! =y pro0iding dediated
.andwidths" lowering the pa9et loss ratio" lowering the pa9et trans/ission delay" and
lowering the delay :itter" the Eo& funtion helps pro0ide different lasses of ser0ie for
different usto/ers!
%+#"+% )asic Concepts
The following Eo&-related .asi onepts failitate the understanding of the Eo&!
Tra>c Classi6cation
- flow refers to a group of pa9ets that ha0e the sa/e harateristis! $n the 52000 or on an
'D" a flow is e;pressed as a group of lassifiation rules! $n a .oard" a flow is e;pressed as a
group of pa9ets that re6uire the sa/e type of Eo& operations!
=y using the gi0en rules" the traffi lassifiation funtion identifies pa9ets that /eet
different types of harateristis! Traffi lassifiation is the preondition and .asis for
pro0iding differentiated ser0ie! Traffi lassifiation is ategori8ed into o/ple; traffi
lassifiation and si/ple traffi lassifiation!
Tra>c Policin
The typial funtion of traffi poliing is to super0ise the rate of traffi and thus to ensure that
the rate of traffi does not e;eed the o//itted rate! If the traffi of a onnetion e;eeds the
o//itted rate" the traffi poliing funtion disards so/e pa9ets or re-set pa9et priorities!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
CoS
The lass of ser0ie (Co&) funtion lassifies pa9ets and groo/s the/ to 6ueues that ha0e
different priorities! The pa9ets are proessed aording to their rele0ant 6ueue priorities! In
this ase" the pa9ets ha0e different Eo&s in ter/s of delay" .andwidth" and other
perfor/ane!
Tra>c Shapin
The typial funtion of traffi shaping is to li/it the traffi and .urst of an outgoing
onnetion of a networ9" and thus to ensure that the pa9ets are trans/itted out of the networ9
at a relati0ely e0en rate!
:ress Port Groomin
-n egress port perfor/s the groo/ing at the traffi shaping le0el and at the Co& le0el" to
guarantee the groo/ing priority" pro.a.ility" and .andwidth!
%+#"+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that Eo& o/plies with!
Eo& o/plies with IDT+ 2+C 2BA3" IDT+ 2+C 2BA*" IDT+ 2+C 230A" IDT+ 2+C 2(A3"
IDT+ 2+C 2(A*" and IDDD *02!1p!
%+#"+0 Availability
The 6uality of ser0ie (Eo&) funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent"
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00" 1100200BC00 and
later
i4anager 52000 1100200(C00" 1100200BC02 and
later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
D+&* 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
%+#"+2 Principles
The Eo& lassifies traffi aording to speified rules" and assoiates eah type of traffi with
an ation! In this way" the Eo& for/s a poliy" using whih the Eo& reali8es traffi poliing"
traffi shaping" and ongestion /anage/ent!
%+#"+2+# Tra>c Classi6cation
=y using the gi0en rules" the traffi lassifiation funtion identifies pa9ets that /eet
different types of harateristis! Traffi lassifiation is the preondition and .asis for
pro0iding differentiated ser0ie! Traffi lassifiation is ategori8ed into o/ple; traffi
lassifiation and si/ple traffi lassifiation!
- flow refers to a group of pa9ets that ha0e the sa/e harateristis! $n the 52000 or on an
'D" a flow is e;pressed as a group of lassifiation rules! $n a .oard" a flow is e;pressed as a
group of pa9ets that re6uire the sa/e type of Eo& operations!
The o/ple; traffi lassifiation funtion pro0ides speifi lassifiation for pa9ets" .y
using o/ple; rules! +or e;a/ple" pa9ets an .e lassified aording to integrated lin9 layer
infor/ation" networ9 layer infor/ation" and trans/ission layer infor/ation (inluding the
soure 4-C address" destination 4-C address" soure IP address" destination IP address"
user group nu/.er" protool type" and TCP)5,P port nu/.er of the appliation)!
The si/ple traffi lassifiation funtion pro0ides rough lassifiation for pa9ets" .y using
si/ple rules suh as the type-of-ser0ie (To&) field and user priority of IP pa9ets" and the
D%P field of 4P#& pa9ets!
&o/e Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oards support the following flow types7
Port flow7 Pa9ets that o/e fro/ the sa/e port are lassified as the sa/e type!
PortL1#-' flow7 Pa9ets that o/e fro/ the sa/e port and ha0e the speified 1#-'
I, are lassified as the sa/e type!
PortL&1#-' flow7 Pa9ets that o/e fro/ the sa/e port and ha0e the speified
&1#-' I, are lassified as the sa/e type!
PortL&1#-'LC1#-' flow7 Pa9ets that o/e fro/ the sa/e port and ha0e the
speified &1#-' I, and C1#-' I, are lassified as the sa/e type!
PortL1#-'LPI2 flow7 Pa9ets that o/e fro/ the sa/e port and ha0e the speified
1#-' I, and PI2 are lassified as the sa/e type!
The supported flow types /ay 0ary aording to the type of .oard!
%+#"+2+% Tra>c Policin
The typial funtion of traffi poliing is to super0ise the rate of traffi and thus to ensure that
the rate of traffi does not e;eed the o//itted rate! If the traffi of a onnetion e;eeds the
o//itted rate" the traffi poliing funtion disards so/e pa9ets or re-set pa9et priorities!
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The Dthernet data .oards that support Eo& reali8e traffi poliing .y using C-2 (Co//itted
-ess 2ate)! C-2 is a .andwidth /anage/ent /ethod used to li/it traffi rates at edge
ports of a networ9!
5sing the to9en .u9et priniple" C-2 assesses the rates of lassified traffi in a speified
long-ter/ or short-ter/ period! C-2 gi0es high priorities to the pa9ets that do not e;eed
the rate li/it" and disards or downgrades the pa9ets that e;eed the rate li/it! In this way"
traffi that aesses a transport networ9 is li/ited!
+igure 2-*3 shows how C-2 perfor/s traffi poliing .y using the to9en .u9et priniple!
Figure 1.1 Traffi poliing proess
'o-en $uc-et
.
.
.
:ac-ets to $e
trans"itte! trou)
te interface
C(assification
:ac-ets
trans"itte! out
of te interface
:ac-ets are
!iscar!e!
'o-ens
'o-ens are p(ace!
at a preset rate
Pa9ets are lassified aording to the preset /athing rules! The pa9ets for whih flow
perfor/ane is not defined are diretly trans/itted without .eing proessed in the to9en
.u9et! The pa9ets that re6uire traffi ontrol enter the to9en .u9et for proessing!
The to9en .u9et an .e regarded as a ontainer of to9ens" and has a apaity! To9ens are
plaed into the .u9et at a rate preset .y the user! The user an also set the apaity of the
to9en .u9et" so that no /ore to9ens an .e plaed into the .u9et when the 6uantity of
to9ens reahes the apaity of the .u9et!
,uring the proessing of pa9ets in the to9en .u9et" if the to9en .u9et ha0e suffiient
to9ens to trans/it the pa9ets" the pa9ets an pass and thus the trans/ission of pa9ets an
proeed! In this ase" the 6uantity of to9ens in the .u9et dereases depending on the length
of trans/itted pa9ets! Chen the 6uantity of to9ens in the .u9et is so s/all that no /ore
pa9ets an .e trans/itted" the re/aining pa9ets are disarded or la.eled! In this way" the
traffi ontrol is reali8ed for a ertain type of pa9ets!
Chen the to9en .u9et is full of to9ens" all pa9ets represented .y the to9ens an .e
trans/itted! In this ase" .urst data trans/ission is allowed! Chen there are no to9ens in the
to9en .u9et" pa9ets annot .e trans/itted until new to9ens are generated in the .u9et! In
this ase" the traffi of pa9ets is li/ited .y the rate at whih to9ens are generated!
The Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oards that support Eo& assesses traffi .y using the single
rate three olor /ar9er (srTC4" o/pliant with 2+C2BA3) algorith/ or the two rate three
olor /ar9er (trTC4" o/pliant with 2+C2BA*)! Pa9ets are /ar9ed in green" yellow or red
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aording to assess/ent results! -ording to the pa9et olors" the pa9ets are la.eled with
new priorities for disarding purposes!
The srTC4 algorith/ is defined for the .urst of pa9et si8e! The two rate three olor /ar9er
(trTC4) algorith/" howe0er" is defined for the .urst of pa9et rate!
srTC. Alorithm
+igure 2-*@ illustrates the priniple of the srTC4 algorith/!
Figure 1.1 srTC4 algorith/
'c
'e
.
.
.
C(assification
'o-ens are p(ace! into
te $uc-ets at te C2R
Para/eters7 o//itted infor/ation rate (CI2)" o//itted .urst si8e (C=&)" e;ess .urst
si8e (D=&)
'u/.er of to9en .u9ets7 2 (T and Te)
Capaities of to9en .u9ets7 T K C=&" Te K D=&
2ates of to9en .u9ets7 1 K 1e K CI2
To9ens enter the two to9en .u9ets at the CI2! D0ery to9en represents a nu/.er of .ytes! If
the pa9ets that arri0e at the .u9ets do not e;eed the C=&" they are /ar9ed in green! If the
pa9ets that arri0e at the .u9ets e;eed the C=& .ut do not e;eed the D=&" they are /ar9ed
in yellow! If the pa9ets that arri0e at the .u9ets e;eed the D=&" they are /ar9ed in red! The
red pa9ets are diretly disarded! In the ase of a networ9 ongestion" the green pa9ets are
gi0en the priority to pass" and the yellow pa9ets are disarded! If the to9en .u9ets are full of
to9ens .eause in a long ti/e no pa9ets need to .e trans/itted" a .urst trans/ission of
pa9ets is allowed! In this ase" the allowed nu/.er of .urst .ytes (that is" C=&) is
deter/ined .y the si8es of the to9en .u9ets (that is" the total 6uantity of to9ens)!
The CI2 and C=& para/eters are set .y the user!
trTC. Alorithm
+igure 2-*( illustrates the priniple of the trTC4 algorith/!
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Figure 1.1 trTC4 algorith/
'p 'c
.
.
.
.
.
.
C(assification
te $uc-ets at te C2R
te $uc-ets at te :2R
Para/eters7 o//itted aess rate (CI2)" pea9 infor/ation rate (PI2)" o//itted .urst
si8e (C=&)" pea9 .urst si8e (P=&)
'u/.er of to9en .u9ets7 2 (Tp and T)
Capaities of to9en .u9ets7 Tp K P=&" T K C=&
2ates of to9en .u9ets7 1p K PI2" 1 K CI2
To9ens enter the Tp and T to9en .u9ets at the PI2 and CI2 respeti0ely! D0ery to9en
represents a nu/.er of .ytes! Chen the pa9et rate is greater than the PI2" the pa9ets are
/ar9ed in red! Chen the pa9et rate is .etween the PI2 and the CI2" the pa9ets are /ar9ed
in yellow! Chen the pa9et rate is s/aller than the CI2" the pa9ets are /ar9ed in green! The
red pa9ets are diretly disarded! In the ase of a networ9 ongestion" the green pa9ets are
gi0en the priority to pass" and the yellow pa9ets are disarded! The allowed nu/.er of .urst
.ytes (that is" C=& and P=&) is deter/ined .y the si8es of the to9en .u9ets!
The CI2" C=&" PI2 and P=& para/eters are set .y the user!
%+#"+2+& Conestion Avoidance
Chen networ9 ongestion ours or aggregates" speifi pa9et disarding poliies are used to
ensure the 6uality of ser0ie (Eo&) of ser0ies of higher priorities!
The two o//on pa9et disarding poliies are as follows7
Tail drop poliy
Chen the tail drop poliy is used" the pa9ets that arri0e after a 6ueue is full are
disarded!
2ando/ early detetion (2D,)
Chen the 2D, poliy is used" the pa9ets are disarded at rando/ when a 6ueue reahes
a ertain length! In this /anner" o0erall synhroni8ation aused .y the TCP slow-start
/ehanis/ is pre0ented!
%+#"+2+0 CoS
Co& (Class of &er0ie) funtion lassifies pa9ets and groo/s the/ to 6ueues that ha0e
different priorities! The pa9ets are proessed aording to their rele0ant 6ueue priorities! In
this ase" the pa9ets ha0e different Eo&s in ter/s of delay" .andwidth" and other
perfor/ane!
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The Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oards pro0ide four types of Co&s" whih are the si/ple Co&"
1#-' priority Co&" IP To& Co&" and differentiated ser0ies ode point (,&CP) Co&! Cith
the four types of Co&s onfigured" pa9ets an .e groo/ed to egress port 6ueues of different
priorities!
&i/ple Co&7 Chen a flow is onfigured with the si/ple Co&" all pa9ets of the flow are
groo/ed to a speified egress port 6ueue" regardless of the pa9et type and ontents of
the flow!
1#-' priority Co&7 Chen a flow is onfigured with the 1#-' priority Co&" the
pa9ets of the flow are groo/ed to a speified egress port 6ueue aording to the 1#-'
priority 0alue arried in the pa9ets! The di0ision of 1#-' priorities is .ased on the Pri
field defined .y IDDD *02!1E! If the user uses the sa/e 1#-' to arry ser0ies" and if
the di0ision of priorities for the ser0ie flows is o/pleted .efore the ser0ies aess the
networ9" then the syste/ is a.le to deter/ine the Co& of the data pa9ets aording to
the Pri-to-Co& /apping relations!
IP To& Co&7 Chen a flow is onfigured with the IP To& Co&" the pa9ets of the flow are
groo/ed to a speified egress port 6ueue aording to the IP0@ IP To& 0alue arried in
the pa9ets! This type of Co& is applia.le to a data flow that ontains IP pa9ets!
,&CP Co&7 Chen a flow is onfigured with the ,&CP Co&" the pa9ets of the flow are
groo/ed to a speified egress port 6ueue aording to the IP0B IP ,&CP 0alue arried in
the pa9ets! This type of Co& is applia.le to a data flow that ontains IP pa9ets!
=y default" a data flow without any Co& has the lowest priority!
The supported Co& types /ay 0ary aording to the type of .oard!
%+#"+2+2 Tra>c Shapin
The typial funtion of traffi shaping is to li/it the traffi and .urst of an outgoing
onnetion of a networ9" and thus to ensure that the pa9ets are trans/itted out of the networ9
at a relati0ely e0en rate!
Traffi shaping is usually reali8ed .y using a .uffer area and a to9en .u9et! Chen the pa9et
trans/ission rate is too high" the pa9ets are stored in the .uffer area! 5nder the ontrol of the
to9en .u9et" the .uffered pa9ets are then e0enly trans/itted! In this way" the traffi shaping
funtion pre0ents pa9et loss in ase the flutuating traffi transiently e;eeds the .andwidth"
and pre0ents the i/pat of huge traffi on downstrea/ e6uip/ent! +igure 2-*B illustrates the
priniple of traffi shaping!
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Figure 1.1 Traffi shaping priniple
.
.
.
G'S6 Generic 'raffic Sapin)
:ac-ets to $e
trans"itte! trou)
te interface
C(assification
'o-ens are p(ace!
at a preset rate
'o-ens
'rans"ission
procee!s
G'S ?ueue
'o-en
$uc-et
This priniple is si/ilar to that illustrated in +igure 2-*3! The differene is that" when the
6uantity of to9ens in the to9en .u9et is so s/all that no /ore pa9ets an .e trans/itted" the
re/aining pa9ets are .uffered instead of disarded!
To lessen the loss of pa9ets fro/ networ9 node 1 to networ9 node 2" the egress of networ9
node 1 an perfor/ traffi shaping for the pa9ets" so that those pa9ets that e;eed the
shaping li/itation are .uffered in networ9 node 1! Chen /ore pa9ets an .e trans/itted" the
.uffered pa9ets are trans/itted out of the .uffer 6ueue! In this way" all pa9ets trans/itted to
networ9 node 2 /eet the traffi regulations of networ9 node 2" and the nu/.er of pa9ets
disarded on networ9 node 2 is lessened! $n the ontrary" if the egress of networ9 node 1 does
not perfor/ traffi shaping" then all pa9ets that e;eed the traffi li/itation of networ9 node
2 are disarded .y networ9 node 2!
%+#"+2+4 :ress Port Groomin
-n egress port perfor/s the groo/ing at the traffi shaping le0el and at the Co& le0el" to
guarantee the groo/ing priority" pro.a.ility" and .andwidth!
Principle o8 :ress Port Groomin
The a0aila.le .andwidth of a port refers to the .andwidth that the syste/ alloates to the port!
The a0aila.le .andwidth is deter/ined .y the following fators!
+or an Dthernet port" the a0aila.le .andwidth is deter/ined .y the wor9ing /ode of the
port! If the wor9ing /ode is 10004 full duple;" the a0aila.le .andwidth of the port is
1000 4.it)s!
+or a 1CT25'G port" the a0aila.le .andwidth is deter/ined .y the total .andwidth of
the 0irtual onatenation (1C) paths .ound to the 0irtual onatenation group (1C<) of
the port!
The priniple of egress port groo/ing is as follows!
1! The o//itted .andwidth (or CI2) for ser0ies that re6uire traffi shaping and the
o//itted .andwidth for ser0ies that do not re6uire traffi shaping are satisfied in a
desending order of priority!
2! -/ong the ser0ies that re6uire traffi shaping or that do not re6uire traffi shaping" the
.andwidth of those ser0ies that ha0e a higher Co& is satisfied first!
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3vervie7 o8 <ueue Groomin Alorithms
- 6ueue groo/ing algorith/ deter/ines the groo/ing priority" pro.a.ility" and .andwidth for
eah 6ueue!
The Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oards pro0ide the following 6ueue groo/ing algorith/s7
&P Eueue <roo/ing -lgorith/
C22 <roo/ing -lgorith/
&PLC22 <roo/ing -lgorith/
C+E <roo/ing -lgorith/
SP <ueue Groomin Alorithm
+igure 2-*3 illustrates the strit-priority (&P) 6ueue groo/ing algorith/!
Figure 1.1 &P 6ueue groo/ing algorith/
Out-of-?ueue
)roo"in)
Fueue 7
Fueue D
Fueue 5
Fueue 0
.
.
.
,o%
:ac-ets to $e
trans"itte! trou)
te interface
C(assification
Fueue :riorit#
&i)est
&i)
,o%est
:ac-ets
trans"itte! out
of te interface
The &P 6ueue groo/ing algorith/ is designed for 9ey ser0ie appliations! $ne signifiant
harateristi of 9ey ser0ies is that" in the ase of a ongestion" 9ey ser0ies /ust .e
proessed with the highest priority so that their response delay an .e shortened! +or e;a/ple"
a port pro0ides eight egress 6ueues" whih are prioriti8ed fro/ 3 through 0 in a desending
order!
,uring the &P 6ueue groo/ing" pa9ets are trans/itted stritly in a desending order of
priority! Chen a higher priority 6ueue is e/pty" the pa9ets of a lower priority 6ueue an .e
trans/itted! That is to say" pa9ets of 9ey ser0ies are plaed in higher priority 6ueues" and
pa9ets of non-9ey ser0ies (suh as e/ail) are plaed in lower priority 6ueues! In this way"
pa9ets of 9ey ser0ies are always trans/itted with a higher priority" and pa9ets of non-9ey
ser0ies are trans/itted during the trans/ission inter0als of 9ey ser0ies!
The disad0antage of &P 6ueue groo/ing is that" in the ase of a ongestion" if there are
always pa9ets that wait in a higher priority 6ueue for trans/ission" pa9ets in lower priority
6ueues are always not trans/itted!
;RR Groomin Alorithm
+igure 2-** illustrates the weighted round ro.in (C22) groo/ing algorith/!
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Figure 1.1 C22 groo/ing algorith/
Out-of-?ueue
)roo"in)
Fueue 3
Fueue 2
Fueue 1 10
:ac-ets to $e
trans"itte! trou)
te interface
C(assification
Fueue
50
30
:ac-ets
trans"itte! out
of te interface
Fueue 0
10
<ei)t
The C22 groo/ing algorith/ di0ides eah port into se0eral egress 6ueues and groo/s the
pa9ets in these 6ueues in turn! This algorith/ ensures that e0ery 6ueue o.tains a ertain
period of ser0ie!
+or e;a/ple" a port pro0ides four 6ueues! In a desending order of 6ueue priority" the C22
onfigure the w3" w2" w1" and w0 weights to the four 6ueues respeti0ely! Dah weight stands
for the proportion of resoures that the rele0ant 6ueue an o.tain out of the total resoures! If
this port pro0ides the 100 4.it)s rate and the weights of its four 6ueues are set to (0" 30" 10"
and 10 (orresponding to w3" w2" w1" and w0 respeti0ely) .y the C22 groo/ing algorith/"
then a /ini/u/ of 10 4.it)s .andwidth is guaranteed for the lowest priority 6ueue! In the &P
6ueue groo/ing" howe0er" pa9ets in lower priority 6ueues /ay fail to o.tain ser0ie for a
long ti/e!
-nother ad0antage of C22 groo/ing is that" although the groo/ing is perfor/ed for the
6ueues in a round ro.in /anner" ti/e slies alloated to eah 6ueue are not fi;ed! That is to
say" when a 6ueue is e/pty" the algorith/ i//ediately groo/s pa9ets for the ne;t 6ueue! In
this way" the .andwidth resoures an .e fully utili8ed!
SPJ;RR Groomin Alorithm
The &PLC22 groo/ing algorith/ o/.ines the ad0antages of the &P 6ueue groo/ing and
the C22 groo/ing! &ee +igure 2-*A!
Figure 1.1 &PLC22 groo/ing algorith/
Out-of-?ueue
)roo"in)
Fueue 7
Fueue D
Fueue 5
Fueue 0
.
.
.
32
:ac-ets to $e
trans"itte! trou)
te interface
C(assification
Fueue <ei)t
S:
DB
1
:ac-ets
trans"itte! out
of te interface
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The &PLC22 groo/ing algorith/ sets one of the egress 6ueues as an &P 6ueue" so that
pa9ets in this 6ueue are always groo/ed with the highest priority! This setting /eets the
re6uire/ents of 9ey ser0ies! The other egress 6ueues adopt the C22 groo/ing algorith/ so
that eah 6ueue an o.tain a ertain period of ser0ie!
+or e;a/ple" a port pro0ides eight 6ueues" a/ong whih 6ueue 3 is an &P 6ueue! In this ase"
the o//itted .andwidth for 6ueue 3 is satisfied with the highest priority! +or 6ueue 0 to
6ueue B" the C22 groo/ing is perfor/ed aording to the 1727@7*71B7327B@ weight
alloation!
The weights for 6ueues are fi;ed" and annot .e set .y the user!
;-< Groomin Alorithm
+igure 2-A0 illustrates the C+E sheduling algorith/!
Figure 1.1 C+E 6ueues
5)ress ?ueue
sce!u(in)
Fueue 3
Fueue 2
Fueue 1 10
:ac-ets to $e
trans"itte! trou)
te interface
C(assification
Fueue
50
30
:ac-ets
trans"itte! out
of te interface
Fueue 0
10
<ei)t
Chen the C+E she/e is used" 6ueues are sheduled in a fair /anner aording to the
weight alloated to eah 6ueue! <enerally" /ore weights and .andwidths are alloated to the
6ueues of higher priorities" and less weights and .andwidths are alloated to 6ueues of lower
priorities!
This 6ueue sheduling she/e ensures the pa9ets in 6ueues of higher priorities are
forwarded with little delay! In addition" this she/e ensures that the pa9ets in 6ueues of
lower priorities an .e proessed aordingly!
The C+E she/e is used to shedule 6ueues of higher priorities (that is" 6ueues for pro0iding -+@"
-+3" -+2" and -+1 ser0ies)!
%+#"+4 Net7or,in and Application
The data traffi arried in a gi0en transport networ9 is of a definite 0alue! The Eo&
tehnology does not enhane the networ9 apaity! Instead" the Eo& tehnology pro0ides fine
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/anage/ent for a networ9 and thus opti/i8es the networ9 effiieny! The Eo& tehnology
usually onsists of the following features7
Traffi lassifiation
C-2
Co&
Traffi shaping
+igure 2-A1 shows the Eo& proessing flow on an Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oard!
Figure 1.1 Eo& proessing flow
C.R
CoS
F(o%
c(assification
,a$e(in)
For%ar!in)
C(assification Sapin) Groo"in)
Fueue
)roo"in)
Non Sapin)
In ter/s of the ser0ie flow diretion" the appliation priniples of Eo& are as follows!
1! -t the networ9 ingress" ser0ie pa9ets are lassified aording to the gi0en rules!
2! The onfiguration of C-2 li/its the .andwidth and .urst si8e in the ingress diretion!
3! The onfiguration of Co& is used to groo/ the flow to a priority 6ueue at the egress port!
@! Traffi shaping is onfigured at the egress port to ad:ust the egress .andwidth and .urst
si8e of ser0ie pa9ets in the 6ueue or in the flow!
-t the ingress port" the networ9 e6uip/ent lassifies flows" /easures rates" and differentiates
Co&s for pa9ets! In this way" the e6uip/ent la.els the pa9ets aording to traffi
lassifiation" C-2 results" and Co& rules! Then the e6uip/ent forwards the pa9ets to the
egress port" aording to a forwarding algorith/!
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Traffi lassifiation is the preondition and .asis for pro0iding differentiated ser0ie!
C-2 /easures rates .y a to9en .u9et algorith/! The purposes of the rate /easure/ent are as
follows7
To li/it the rate of traffi that aesses the networ9!
To la.el the pa9ets so that the e6uip/ent an deter/ine what lasses of pa9ets should .e disarded
in the ase of a networ9 ongestion!
Co& lassifies the pa9ets and groo/s the/ to 6ueues that ha0e different priorities! In this ase"
pa9ets of different priorities ha0e different Eo&s in ter/s of delay" .andwidth" and other
perfor/ane!
-t the egress port" the e6uip/ent lassifies the pa9ets again to identify whih pa9ets re6uire
traffi shaping! -ording to the la.els added at the ingress port" the pa9ets enter the 6ueues
of rele0ant priorities and wait for groo/ing! The ongestion is also he9ed at the egress port!
5sing the rando/ early disarding (2D,) tehnology" the ongestion he9 a0oids the
situation that all TCP onnetions enter the slow start state! In this way" trans/ission
.andwidth is effeti0ely ad:usted and utili8ed!
The egress port alloates .andwidth at the traffi shaping le0el and at the Co& le0el! The egress port
perfor/s this two-le0el groo/ing in the following se6uene7
The egress port alloates o//itted .andwidth to ser0ies that re6uire traffi shaping!
The egress port perfor/s 6ueue groo/ing .ased on the Co&!
%+#"+* Con6urin <oS
Oou an onfigure Eo& para/eters for traffi flow .y following the instrutions .elow!
%+#"+*+# Con6urin the -lo7 Classi6cation
-t networ9 ingress points" flow lassifiation is perfor/ed to ser0ie pa9ets! -ording to
rules" the flow lassifiation identifies pa9ets of ertain harateristis! This funtion is a
pre/ise and .asis of differentiated ser0ies!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet .oard /ust support the flow lassifiation!
The Eo& /ust .e planned" inluding traffi lassifiation rules" ations (speifying that
ertain ations are applied to a flow)" and poliies (C-2" Co&" and shaping)!
+low is a set of pa9ets that ha0e the sa/e harateristis! In the networ9 /anage/ent syste/
or on the 'D" a flow is a group of lassifiation rules! $n the .oard" howe0er" a flow is a
group of pa9ets for the sa/e Eo& operations!
-ording to rules" the flow lassifiation identifies pa9ets of ertain harateristis! This
funtion is a pre/ise and .asis of differentiated ser0ies!
Procedure
Step # $n the 4ain Topology" right-li9 an 'D and hoose NE Ex-lorer fro/ the shortut /enu!
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Step % In the 'D D;plorer" selet an Dthernet .oard and hoose Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet
> Flow Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step & Cli9 the Flow Cofiguratio ta.!
In this user interfae" you an reate and delete flows" set flow para/eters" set or anel the .inding
.etween the flow and the C-2)Co&)shaping" and 6uery the flow infor/ation!
Step 0 Cli9 New! In the New Flow dialog .o; displayed" set the attri.utes aording to the finished
flow planning and flow para/eter desriptions!
Step 2 Cli9 OK! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed telling you that the flow is
suessfully reated!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
%+#"+*+% Con6urin the CAR
The C-2 is /ainly used to restrit the traffi 0olu/e and .urst of a ertain ino/ing
onnetion of a networ9!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oard /ust support the C-2!
Procedure
Step & Cli9 the CA2 Cofiguratio ta.!
In this user interfae" you an reate" ena.le" and delete the C-2" set C-2 para/eters" and 6uery the
C-2 infor/ation!
Step 0 Cli9 New! In the New CA2 dialog .o; displayed" set the attri.utes aording to the finished
C-2 planning and C-2 para/eter desriptions!
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Step 2 Cli9 OK! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed telling you that the C-2 is
suessfully reated!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
%+#"+*+& Con6urin the CoS
The lass of ser0ie (Co&) an .e used to groo/ lassified pa9ets to 6ueues of different
priorities on the egress port! The pa9ets that are groo/ed to the 6ueue of the highest priority
are proessed first!
PrereBuisites
Dthernet ser0ie proessing .oards support the Co&!
Procedure
Step & Cli9 the Co% Cofiguratio ta.!
In this user interfae" you an reate and delete the Co&" set Co& para/eters" and 6uery the Co&
infor/ation!
Step 0 Cli9 New! In the New Co% dialog .o; displayed" set the attri.utes!
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Step 2 Cli9 OK! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed telling you that the Co& is
suessfully reated!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
%+#"+*+0 Con6urin the Port Shapin
Through onfiguring the port shaping funtion" the Dthernet soure port ahie0es the flow
ontrol funtion!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet .oard /ust support the shaping funtion!
Procedure
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet a .oard and hoose Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet > )ort
%$a-ig Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % In the )ort !ist" li9 the port to .e onfigured!
Step & In the )ort +ueue %$a-ig 1formatio ta.le" set the para/eters of the orresponding port
6ueues!
To set the C12 3*bit0s4 and )12 3*bit0s4" you an either selet a 0alue fro/ the drop-down list after you
right-li9 the ell" or /anually enter a 0alue!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/! Cli9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o;!
....Ed
%+#"+*+2 Con6urin the )indin )et7een a -lo7 and the
CARACoSAShapin
The onfigured C-2)Co&)shaping /ust .e .ound with a flow to ta9e effet!
PrereBuisites
The C-2)Co&)shaping /ust .e onfigured!
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Procedure
Step & Cli9 the Flow Cofiguratio ta.!
In this user interfae" you an reate and delete flows" set flow para/eters" set or anel the .inding
.etween the flow and the C-2)Co&)shaping" and 6uery the flow infor/ation!
Step 0 &elet the desired flow and then selet the reated C-2 I, and Co& I, respeti0ely fro/ the
Boud CA2 and Boud Co% drop-down lists!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed telling you that the operation was
suessful!
Step 4 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
%+#"+1 Con6uration :9ample
This setion pro0ides a onfiguration e;a/ple to desri.e the onfiguration proess of the
Eo& funtion in atual ases!
%+#"+1+# Description o8 the :9ample
This setion pro0ides an e;a/ple to desri.e ser0ie re6uire/ents and ser0ie planning of the
Eo& feature!
+igure 2-A2 shows the 1CT25'G-shared D1P# ser0ie .etween 'D2 and 'D3!
Figure 1.1 Configuration of the 1CT25'G-shared D1P# ser0ie
:OR'1
D
V,.N 1
5
:OR'
:OR'2
SD&
VC'R0NP
VC'R0NP1
:OR'1
D
5
:OR'
:OR'2
N52 N53
V,.N 2
VCB-B6VC12-1SVC12-10
VC'R0NP1
V,.N 1
V,.N2 VCB-B6VC12-1SVC12-10
VC'R0NP
-ssu/e that the following Eo& operations are re6uired for the pa9ets that enter P$2T1 and
P$2T2 aording to the Eo& planning! +or details a.out the Eo& planning" see 2!10!B
'etwor9ing and -ppliation!
1! -ording to the flow lassifiation .ased on portL1#-'" the pa9ets that enter P$2T1
and P$2T2 an .e sheduled in the following desending order of priority7 1#-'1 >
1#-'2!
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2! Traffi shaping is perfor/ed for the port 6ueues where the pa9ets whose 1#-' I,s are
1 and 2 reside! This an ensure that the o//itted .andwidths for the two 6ueues are 20
4.it)s!
%+#"+1+% Con6uration Process
This topi onsiders the D+&* .oard as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure flows .ased
on portL1#-' and rele0ant Co& and shaping funtions for the 1CT25'G-shared D1P#
ser0ie!
PrereBuisites
The D1P# ser0ie /ust .e onfigured!
Procedure
Step # Configure the flow lassifiation!
shortut /enu!
2! &elet the D+&* .oard in the $.:et Tree! Choose Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet >
Flow Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
3! Cli9 the Flow Cofiguratio ta.!
@! Cli9 New! &et the following para/eters to reate a flow whose 1#-' I, is 1 for
P$2T1 in the New Flow dialog .o; that is displayed7
+low Type7 PortL1#-' +low
Port7 P$2T1
1#-' I,7 1
(! Cli9 A--l/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the flow is
reated suessfully!
B! Create the flow whose 1#-' I, is 2 for P$2T2" .y using the /ethod for reating the
flow for P$2T1!
Step % Configure the Co&!
1! Cli9 the Co% Cofiguratio ta.!
2! Cli9 New! &et the following para/eters in the New Co% dialog .o; that is displayed!
CoS ID CoS Type CoS Priority
1 si/ple 0
2 si/ple 1
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CoS ID CoS Type CoS Priority
NOTE
Dight port 6ueues are a0aila.le on eah port of the D+&* .oard!
The /apping relations .etween Co& priorities and port 6ueues are as follows7
Co& priority 0 orresponds to port 6ueue 1!
Co& priority 1 orresponds to port 6ueue 2!
In the ase of eah port of the D+&* .oard" if the shaping funtion of all the eight port 6ueues is ena.led
(or disa.led)" the priorities of these eight port 6ueues are as follows7
Port 6ueue 1 is of low priority!
Port 6ueue 2 is of high priority!
=y default" the shaping funtion is disa.led!
3! Cli9 A--l/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the Co& is
reated suessfully!
Step & Configure the .inding .etween flows and Co&s!
1! Cli9 the Flow Cofiguratio ta.!
2! &elet Co& for eah flow fro/ the Boud Co% drop-down /enu! That is" .ind 1#-'1
ser0ie with Co&2 and .ind 1#-'2 ser0ie with Co&1!
3! Cli9 A--l/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the .inding
was suessful!
Step 0 Configure the shaping!
1! &elet the D+&* .oard in the $.:et Tree! Choose Cofiguratio > +o% Maagemet >
)ort %$a-ig Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
2! &elet 'CT2#NK1 in )ort !ist!
3! &et the re6uired para/eters in )ort +ueue %$a-ig 1formatio!
The priority of a 6ueue with the shaping funtion ena.led should .e higher than the priority of
a 6ueue with the shaping funtion disa.led! In this ase" the priorities of the port 6ueues in a
desending order are as follows7 6ueue 2 > 6ueue 1! =ased on the /apping relations desri.ed
in &tep 3" the pa9ets that enter P$2T1 and P$2T2 an .e sheduled aording to the
following priorities in a desending order7 1#-'1 > 1#-'2!
Step 2 ($ptional) 2epeat &teps 1 through @ to onfigure the Eo& for 'D3 in the re0erse diretion!
....Ed
%+#"+/ Relevant Alarms and :vents
There are no alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are related to the Eo& funtion!
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%+#"+#" Parameter Description
This setion desri.es the para/eters re6uired for onfiguring Eo&!
%+#"+#"+# Con6urin a -lo7
Oou an set C-2 I, and Co& I, of a flow to define the Eo& para/eters for a port" a 1#-'"
or a 1=!
Ta.le 2-(3 lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring a flow!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring a flow
+low Type Port +low" PortL1#-'
+low" PortL&1#-' +low"
PortLC1#-'L&1#-'
+low
,efault 0alue7 Port +low
The Flow T/-e(Flow Cofiguratio)
para/eter speifies Flow T/-e of the
flow in the Dthernet data .oard! This
para/eter deides the /ethod of .inding
the ser0ie with the flow!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If the Flow T/-e para/eter is set
inorretly" that is" the flow
lassifiation /ethod is inorret" the
(Boud CA2 or Boud Co%)
para/eter /ay fail to /eet the e;peted
result! +or the effets of C-2 and Co&"
refer to the rele0ant desription!
=ased on the re6uired Eo& and ser0ie
type" set a proper 0alue for Flow T/-e!
1= I, - ,isplays or speifies the 1= I, for the
Eo&!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent does not
Port +or e;a/ple7 P$2T1 ,isplays the port na/e!
1#-' I, 0 to @0A(
,efault 0alue7 1
,isplays the 1#-' attahed to the
ser0ie that the flow arries!
The 1#-' I, para/eter indiates the
I, of a 1#-'! If P$2T L 1#-' is
seleted in Port 5sage &trategy" you an
selet different 1#-' I,s (1 to @0A()
to indiate different Dthernet ser0ies!
This para/eter is 0alid only when Port
5sage &trategy is set to P$2T L 1#-'!
C-1#-' +or e;a/ple7 1 ,isplays or speifies the C-1#-'!
&-1#-' +or e;a/ple7 1 ,isplays or speifies the &-1#-'!
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Priority - ,isplays or speifies the re6uired Eo&
priority!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent does not
=ound C-2 Created C-2 I,
,efault 0alue7 -
The Boud CA2 3Flow
Cofiguratio4 para/eter speifies the
/ethod of .inding a flow with a C-2
I, and 6uerying the C-2 I, .ound
with the flow! $ne flow an .e .ound
with one C-2 I, only! The C-2 ta9es
effet only after the flow is .ound with
the C-2!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The C-2-.ased flow rate an ta9e effet
only after the flow is .ound with the
ena.led C-2 poliy!
The reated flow an .e .ound with the
reated C-2 poliy only! +or this
reason" you an selet the 0alue fro/ the
reated CA2 1,!
- flow an .e .ound with the C-2 only
after the flow and C-2 are reated!
=ound Co& Created Co& I,
,efault 0alue7 -
The Boud Co% 3Flow Cofiguratio4
para/eter speifies the /ethod of
.inding a flow with a Co& I, and
6uerying the Co& I, .ound with the
flow! - flow an .e .ound with one Co&
I, only! The Co& poliy an .e used to
di0ide the pa9et priority after the flow
is .ound with the Co&!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The flow pa9ets an .e di0ided into
different priorities .ased on the Co&
rules only after the flow is .ound with
the Co&!
The reated flow an .e .ound with the
reated Co& poliy only! +or this reason"
you an selet the 0alue fro/ the reated
Co% 1,!
- flow an .e .ound with the Co& only
after the flow and Co& are reated!
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%+#"+#"+% Con6urin a CAR
- C-2 is deter/ined .y four flow para/eters" na/ely" assured .andwidth" e;tra .urst si8e"
pea9 .andwidth" and e;tra /a;i/u/ .urst si8e!
Ta.le 2-(@ lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring a C-2!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring a C-2
C-2 I, 1-B((3(
,efault 0alue7 1
The CA2 1, 3CA2 Cofiguratio4
para/eter speifies the I, of a
o//itted aess rate (C-2)! Chen a
C-2 is reated" it needs to .e speified
with a C-2 I,!
Oou an set this para/eter to any 0alue
in the 0alue range as re6uired! - C-2
/aps a C-2 I,!
Dna.led),isa.led Dna.led" ,isa.led
The C-2 Eabled0,isabled 3CA2
Cofiguratio4 para/eter speifies
whether a C-2 an li/it the traffi
0olu/e!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter the C-2 is ena.led and .ound
with a flow" the traffi 0olu/e of the
flow is li/ited aording to the 0alue
of the C-2 para/eter! If the
trans/itted traffi is greater than the
speified 0alue" the e;essi0e traffi is
disarded!
Cofiguratio 9uiedlies
Oou an set this para/eter to Eabled
or ,isabled" depending on whether to
ena.le the C-2 to li/it the traffi
0olu/e!
- C-2 an li/it the traffi of the flow
only when it is set to Eabled and
.ound with a flow!
Co//itted
Infor/ation
2ate(9.it)s)
-n integer of 0-2@AAAB*"
in step length of B@
,efault 0alue7 0
The Committed 1formatio 2ate
3*bit0s4 3CA2 Cofiguratio4
para/eter speifies the o//itted
infor/ation rate (CI2) of the
o//itted aess rate (C-2)! It
speifies the /ini/u/ guarantee
.andwidth of a flow!
Co//itted =urst
&i8e(9.yte)
0-1B3*@
,efault 0alue7 0
The Committed Burst %iAe 3*b/te4
3CA2 Cofiguratio4 para/eter
speifies the /a;i/u/ guaranteed
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data 0olu/e of a flow" whih an .e
trans/itted within a ertain period!
Pea9 Infor/ation
2ate (9.it)s)
-n integer of 0-2@AAAB*"
in step length of B@
,efault 0alue7 0
The )ea* 1formatio 2ate 3*bit0s4
3CA2 Cofiguratio4 para/eter
speifies the pea9 infor/ation rate
(PI2) of the o//itted aess rate
(C-2)! It speifies the allowed
/a;i/u/ rate of a flow!
4a;i/u/ =urst
&i8e (9.yte)
0-1B3*@
,efault 0alue7 0
The Maximum Burst %iAe 3*b/te4
(C-2 Configuration) para/eter
speifies the /a;i/u/ e;essi0e data
0olu/e of a flow" whih an .e
trans/itted within a ertain period!
%+#"+#"+& Con6urin a CoS Scheme
This topi desri.es the Co& type and Co& priority that orrespond to a Co& I,! Chen setting
a flow" you an alloate the flow a Co& I, to define its Co& type and Co& priority!
Ta.le 2-(( lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring a Co& she/e!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring a Co& she/e
Co& I, 1-B((3(
,efault 0alue7 1
The Co% 1, 3CA2 Cofiguratio4
para/eter speifies the I, of a lass
of ser0ie (Co&)! Chen a Co& is
reated" it needs to .e speified
with a uni6ue Co& I,!
Oou an set this para/eter to any
0alue in the 0alue range as re6uired!
- Co& /aps a Co& I,!
Co& Type &i/ple" 1#-' priority" ,&CP"
IPT$&
,efault 0alue7 &i/ple
The Co% T/-e 3Co%
Cofiguratio4 para/eter speifies
the type of Co& of the flow in the
Dthernet data .oard! This para/eter
deides the /ethod adopted to
lassify the flow in the Dthernet
data .oard!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If Co% T/-e is set inorretly"
pa9ets annot .e orretly
dispathed to a proper 6ueue!
=ased on the re6uire/ents of Eo&"
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set a proper 0alue for Co% T/-e!
Co& Priority The 0alue ranges of the
and produts! Oou an li9
the hyperlin9 in the
desription to display the
speifi infor/ation!
The Co% )riorit/ 3Co%
Cofiguratio4 para/eter
lassifies pa9ets into different
le0els .ased on the Co& type" and
/aps these pa9ets into different
Co& priorities! The pa9ets of
higher priorities are first proessed!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The pa9ets of higher priorities are
trans/itted .efore those of lower
priorities! 4oreo0er" .etter ser0ie
6uality is a0aila.le!
=ased on the re6uire/ents" you

an /ap the pa9ets into
different 6ueues .y setting Co%
)riorit/!
If Co% T/-e is set to '!AN

)riorit/" 1)TO% or ,%C)"
generally" you an /ap the
pa9ets into the proper Co%
)riorit/ aording to the
priority infor/ation ontained in
the pa9ets!
-t the appliation layer" if a

ser0ie (for e;a/ple" 1$IP"
0ideo onferene" 0ideo
onferening all" and 0ideo on
de/and) has higher
re6uire/ents for Eo&" set a
higher priority for the ser0ie to
get .etter .andwidth and ser0ie
guarantee! To ensure good
.andwidth /ultiple;ing" .e sure
to a0oid a larger ratio of real-
ti/e ser0ies in the networ9! +or
a ser0ie (for e;a/ple" Internet
aess" D-4ail" and +TP) that
has lower re6uire/ents for Eo&"
set a lower priority for the
ser0ie to pro0ide .etter
.andwidth sharing and
ontention /ehanis/!
Oou an li9 2elated Infor/ation
to display the detailed infor/ation!
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Related In8ormation
+or the Co& of the %im-le type" follow Ta.le 2-(B to set a si/ple Co% )riorit/!
Table 1.1 Co& priority of the si/ple type
CoS
Parameter
Value Rane o8
CoS Parameter
Value Rane o8
CoS Priority
De8ault Value
o8 CoS Priority
In0alid In0alid 0-3 0
+or the Co& of the '!AN )riorit/ type" follow Ta.le 2-(3 to set the /apping fro/ '!AN
)riorit/ to Co% )riorit/!
Table 1.2 Co& priority of the 1#-' Priority type
CoS
Parameter
Value Rane o8
CoS Parameter
Value Rane o8
CoS Priority
De8ault Value
o8 CoS Priority
5ser priority in
1#-'
0-3 0-3 The sa/e as that of
Co& priority
+or the Co& of the ,%C) type" follow Ta.le 2-(* to set the /apping fro/ ,&CP Priority to
Co% )riorit/!
Table 1.( Co& priority of the ,&CP type
CoS
Parameter
Value Rane o8
CoS Parameter
Value Rane o8
CoS Priority
De8ault Value
o8 CoS Priority
,&CP 000000-111111 (in
.inary)
0-3 0
+or the Co& of the 1)TO% type" follow Ta.le 2-(A to set the /apping fro/ IPT$& Priority to
Co% )riorit/!
Table 1.7 Co& priority of the IPT$& type
CoS
Parameter
Value Rane
o8 CoS
Parameter
Value Rane o8
CoS Priority
De8ault Value o8
CoS Priority
IPT$& 0000-1111 (in
.inary)
0-3 0
%+#"+#"+0 Shapin .anaement
Oou an ena.le the shaping funtion of a port to perfor/ traffi ontrol on the Dthernet port!
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Ta.le 2-B0 lists the para/eters that are used for shaping /anage/ent!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for shaping /anage/ent
Port +or e;a/ple7
P$2T3)1CT25'G1
&peifies the port for traffi
ontrol!
Port Eueue +or e;a/ple7 1 ,isplays the port 6ueue that
an .e set! The priorities of
trans/itting pa9ets .eo/e
lower and lower for the ports
that start fro/ port 1 in
se6uential order!
&tatus Dna.led" ,isa.led
the port 6ueue!
CI2(9.it)s) 0" (12 G.it)s" 1 4.it)s" 2
4.it)s" 3 4.it)s" @ 4.it)s" (
4.it)s" B 4.it)s" 3 4.it)s" *
4.it)s" A 4.it)s" 10 4.it)s"
20 4.it)s" 30 4.it)s" @0
4.it)s" (0 4.it)s" 100
4.it)s" 1000 4.it)s" 10000
4.it)s
,efault 0alue7 0
&peifies the assured
.andwidth of the egress port!
,C=&(9.yte) +or e;a/ple7 0 Indiates the e;tra
.andwidth of the ser0ie
flow in the ase of CI2!
PI2(9.it)s) 0" (12 G.it)s" 1 4.it)s" 2
4.it)s" 3 4.it)s" @ 4.it)s" (
4.it)s" B 4.it)s" 3 4.it)s" *
4.it)s" A 4.it)s" 10 4.it)s"
20 4.it)s" 30 4.it)s" @0
4.it)s" (0 4.it)s" 100
4.it)s" 1000 4.it)s" 10000
4.it)s
,efault 0alue7 0
,isplays the pea9
.andwidth!
,4=&(9.yte) +or e;a/ple7 0 Indiates the .uffer apaity
of C=&!
&heduling 4ode &P" C+E
,efault 0alue7 &P
&peifies the algorith/ of
the ser0ie!
&P7 ,uring the &P 6ueue

groo/ing" pa9ets are
trans/itted stritly in a
desending order of
priority! Chen a higher
priority 6ueue is e/pty"
the pa9ets of a lower
priority 6ueue an .e
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trans/itted! That is to
say" pa9ets of 9ey
ser0ies are plaed in
higher priority 6ueues"
and pa9ets of non-9ey
ser0ies (suh as e/ail)
are plaed in lower
priority 6ueues! In this
way" pa9ets of 9ey
ser0ies are always
trans/itted with a higher
priority" and pa9ets of
non-9ey ser0ies are
trans/itted during the
trans/ission inter0als of
9ey ser0ies!
C+E7 Chen the C+E

she/e is used" 6ueues
are sheduled in a fair
/anner aording to the
weight alloated to eah
6ueue! <enerally" /ore
weights and .andwidths
are alloated to the
6ueues of higher
priorities" and less
weights and .andwidths
are alloated to 6ueues of
lower priorities!
Ceight - Indiates the weight of the
6ueue!
%+## R.3N
%+##+# Introduction
=y using the re/ote /onitoring (24$')" you an trans/it networ9 /onitoring data .etween
different networ9 setions!
Currently" the /anage/ent of the Dthernet perfor/ane for trans/ission produts is
rele0antly si/ple! In the ase of the /anage/ent of Dthernet ports" the /anage/ent of the
perfor/ane data of the ports is re6uired! ChatJs /ore" as the networ9 is .eo/ing o/ple;"
a /ethod for /anaging networ9 setions is re6uired! Thus" the 24$' e/erges and the
24$' should ha0e the following features7
Copyright Huawei
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-ll statistis data is sa0ed at the agent and the out-of-ser0ie operation on the /anager is
supported!
History data is sa0ed for the fault diagnosis!
Drrors are deteted and reported!
,etailed data is pro0ided!
4ultiple /anage/ent stations are supported!
=ased on the preeding purposes" the 24$' defines a serial of statisti for/ats and funtions
to reali8e the data e;hange .etween the ontrol stations and detetion stations that o/plies
with the 24$' standards! To /eet the re6uire/ents of different networ9s" the 24$'
pro0ides fle;i.le detetion /odes and ontrol /ehanis/! ChatJs /ore" the 24$' pro0ides
error diagnosis" planning and infor/ation reei0ing of the perfor/ane e0ents of the entire
networ9!
%+##+% )asic Concepts
The 24$' funtion is supported on the 52000! The /onitoring of the perfor/ane and
alar/s of Dthernet .oards that support the 24$' funtion an .e reali8ed .y using the
24$' funtion!
+untions of the 24$' are reali8ed through the following four /odules!
:thernet Statistics Group
The Dthernet statistis group 6ueries the urrent statistis data of the real-ti/e perfor/ane of
Dthernet ports!
:thernet !istory Control Group
The history ontrol group sets the /ethod of getting the history data of eah Dthernet port" the
nu/.er of ite/s that are sa0ed for eah statistis 0alue" and the ena.le or disa.le status for the
perfor/ane /onitoring! Oou need to set the history ta.le type and the 0alue an .e 30
seonds" 30 /inutes" or usto/ period! +or the usto/ period" you need to set the sa/pling
period!
:thernet !istory Group
The Dthernet history group stores the statistis data of the Dthernet perfor/ane in a ertain
history period! In this ase" you an 6uery the statistis data of an Dthernet port in a ertain
history period! +or the Dthernet history group" the perfor/ane ite/s supported are the sa/e
as those of the Dthernet statistis group!
:thernet Alarm Group
The alar/ group reali8es the alar/ funtion and reports alar/ e0ents! It needs to pro0ide the
funtions of setting or 6uerying alar/ e0ents! -lar/ setting ite/s inlude the alar/ reporting
/ode" upper or lower threshold of alar/s" sa/pling inter0al" and ena.le)disa.le of the
/onitoring status!
%+##+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that 24$' o/plies with!
24$' o/plies with 2+C 13(3 and 2+C 2*1A!
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%+##+0 Availability
The re/ote networ9 /onitoring (24$') funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le
e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00" 1100200BC00 and
later
i4anager 52000 1100200(C00" 1100200BC02 and
later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
D+&* 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<T1 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
%+##+2 Net7or,in and Application
This topi desri.es the appliation of the 24$' funtion!
Pro:et 2 applies the hain networ9ing that onsists of station -" station =" station C" station
," and station D! +igure 2-A3 shows the networ9ing diagra/ of pro:et 2! +or e;a/ple" in the
ase of a unidiretional ser0ie" station D needs to /onitor the Dthernet ser0ies on station -!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of pro:et 2
5
t
e
r
n
e
t
7
o
a
r
!
5
t
e
r
n
e
t
7
o
a
r
!
Station .
Station 7 Station C
Station D
Station 5
S"art$its
In the ase of pro:et 2" an Dthernet ser0ie na/ed <D1 e;ists .etween station - and station
D! Oou an ena.le the 24$' funtion to reali8e the re/ote /onitoring .etween station D and
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station -! =y 6uerying the 24$' perfor/ane of the orresponding Dthernet ser0ie .oard
on station D" you an learn the infor/ation" suh as the ser0ie perfor/ane and alar/s" of the
Dthernet .oard on the trans/it end (that is" station -)! The Dthernet perfor/ane of the
following four groups an .e /onitored7
&tatistis group7 urrent perfor/ane! That is" the a.solute perfor/ane 0alue of networ9
running .y the urrent /o/ent!
History group7 reords the periodi statistis sa/ples in the past period!
History ontrol group7 ontrols the /ethod of o.taining the history group data!
-lar/ group7 sets and /onitors alar/s for statistis sa/ples!
%+##+4 Con6urin the R.3N
$n the 52000" you an onfigure the 24$'!
%+##+4+# Chec,in the Per8ormance Data o8 the !istory
Group
The history group perfor/ane data ontains the statistis of Dthernet perfor/ane data
within a period!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet ser0ies /ust .e onfigured!
The perfor/ane /onitoring para/eters /ust .e set!
Procedure
Step # &elet the 'D in the 'D D;plorer! &elet the .oard and hoose )erformace > 2MON
)erformace!To display the 52000 interfae for he9ing the perfor/ane data of the
physial ports!
Step % Cli9 the >istor/ 9rou- ta.!
Step & &elet the >istor/ Table T/-e and ,is-la/ Mode!
If the units of the perfor/ane e0ents are inonsistent or if there are /ore than 10
perfor/ane e0ents" the 6uery results annot .e displayed in graphi for/!
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Step 0 Cli9 +uer/! Then" the 6uery result is displayed in the lower pane!
....Ed
%+##+4+% Chec,in the Per8ormance Data o8 the Statistics
Group
The /aintenane personnel an o.tain the real-ti/e statistial data of an Dthernet port" .y
he9ing the perfor/ane data of the statistis group of this Dthernet port!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet ser0ies /ust .e onfigured!
The perfor/ane /onitoring para/eters /ust .e set!
Procedure
Step # &elet the 'D in the 'D D;plorer! &elet the .oard and hoose )erformace > 2MON
)erformace!To display the 52000 interfae for he9ing the perfor/ane data of the
physial ports!
Step % Cli9 the %tatistics 9rou- ta.!
Step & &elet a port!
The D+&* .oard supports the 24$' statistis for 1CT25'G ports!
Step 0 &elet the perfor/ane e0ents" +uer/ Coditios" and ,is-la/ Mode!
Step 2 Cli9 %tart! Then" the 6uery result is displayed in the lower pane!
....Ed
%+##+* Con6uration :9ample
Oou an loate the fault that auses ser0ie interruptions or perfor/ane degradation .y using
the 24$' funtion and perfor/ing the Dthernet $-4" loop.a9" and ping operations on the
52000!
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%+##+*+# Description o8 the :9ample
This topi onsiders the Dthernet on0ergene ser0ie as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to loate
the fault of the data ser0ie .y using the 24$' funtion when the fault annot .e loated .y
using the nor/al /ethods for handling alar/s!
Service Connection Diaram
+igure 2-A@ shows the Dthernet on0ergene ser0ie! Dthernet pri0ate line ser0ies are
onfigured .etween 2outer 2 and 2outer 1 and .etween 2outer 3 and 2outer 1!
Figure 1.1 Dthernet on0ergene ser0ie
N51
N53
N52 N5B
Router 1
Router 3 Router 2
OptiX N5
i>ana)er 02000
Dthernet .oard 1 is used on 'D1" Dthernet .oard 2 is used on 'D2" and Dthernet .oard 3 is
used on 'D@! The ser0ie onnetions are shown in +igure 2-A(!
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Figure 1.2 &er0ie onnetions
VC'R0NP1
VC'R0NP2
7oar! 1
Router1
:OR'1
Router2
7oar! 2
Router3
7oar! 3
:OR'1
:OR'1
VC'R0NP1
VC'R0NP1
5ternet $oar!
:OR' VC'R0NP
Symptoms
The data ser0ie fro/ 2outer 1 to 2outer 2 is a.nor/al (ser0ie interruption or pa9et loss)!
%+##+*+% Con6uration Process
Chen the ser0ie is interrupted or the signal is degraded" you an loate the fault .y using the
24$' funtion on the 52000!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # Euery the perfor/ane of P$2T1 of Dthernet .oards 1" 2" and 3 in a ertain period! +or
details a.out the operations" see 2!11!B!1 Che9ing the Perfor/ane ,ata of the History
<roup and 2!11!B!2 Che9ing the Perfor/ane ,ata of the &tatistis <roup !
Step % -naly8e the 24$' perfor/ane and he9 whether the data is orret!
If the P-5&D fra/e e;ists" see &tep @!
If the pro.le/ is aused due to the /a;i/u/ trans/ission unit (4T5)" /odify the 0alue
of 4T5 as follows7
1! In the 'D D;plorer" selet the orresponding Dthernet .oard and hoose Cofiguratio
> Et$eret 1terface Maagemet > Et$eret 1terface fro/ the +untion Tree!
2! &elet Exteral )ort!
3! Cli9 the Basic Attributes ta.!
@! 4odify the 0alue of Maximum Frame !egt$!
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Step & Che9 the relations of the traffi on the ports of Dthernet .oards 1" 2" and 3!
If the su/ of the traffi on P$2T1 of Dthernet .oards 2 and 3 is e6ual to the traffi on
P$2T1 of Dthernet .oard 1" it indiates that the fault /ay our on the interonnetion
lin9 .etween Huawei e6uip/ent and the usto/er e6uip/ent other than on Dthernet
.oards 1" 2" and 3! 5se the ping funtion to he9 the lin9 .etween the e6uip/ent of
Huawei and the usto/er e6uip/ent!
If the su/ of the traffi on P$2T1 of Dthernet .oards 2 and 3 is not e6ual to the traffi
on P$2T1 of Dthernet .oard 1" it indiates that the fault ours on Dthernet .oard 1" 2" or
3! Che9 the relations of the traffi on P$2T1 of Dthernet .oard 1" 2" or 3 and the traffi
on their orresponding 1CT25'G port to deter/ine the speifi .oard where the fault
(ongestion or signal degrade) ours!
Step 0 5se the ping funtion to he9 whether the fault ours on the lin9 .etween the e6uip/ent of
Huawei and the onneted data o//uniation e6uip/ent!
....Ed
%+#% Rin .SP
The ring 4&P she/e protets ser0ies .etween nodes on a ring networ9! The $pti% $&'
((0 supports two types of protetion ring7 two-fi.er unidiretional ring 4&P and two-fi.er
.idiretional ring 4&P!
%+#%+# Introduction
2ing 4&P uses the /ultiple; setion o0erhead (4&$H) .ytes G1 and G2 to i/ple/ent
auto/ati protetion swithing of ser0ies!
T7o'-iber Unidirectional Rin .SP
$n a two-fi.er unidiretional ring 4&P" one of the .idiretional &T4-' lines is the wor9ing
line" and the other is the protetion line! -s shown in +igure 2-AB" the ser0ies on the two-
fi.er unidiretional ring 4&P are on di0erse routes! =efore the protetion swithing" the
signal flow of the ser0ies fro/ 'D - to 'D C is 'D -`'D =`'D C" and the signal flow
of the ser0ies fro/ 'D C to 'D - is 'D C`'D ,`'D -!
In nor/al ases" ser0ies are trans/itted on the wor9ing line! Chen a fi.er ut ours and the
wor9ing line .eo/es una0aila.le" the ser0ies on the two ends of the faulty point are .oth
swithed fro/ the wor9ing line of the faulty fi.er to the protetion line of the re0erse
diretional fi.er for trans/ission! +igure 2-AB shows the appliation of the two-fi.er
unidiretional ring 4&P! -fter the protetion swithing" the signal flow of the ser0ies fro/
'D - to 'D C is 'D -`'D ,`'D C`'D =`'D C" and the signal flow of the ser0ies
fro/ 'D C to 'D - ontinues to .e 'D C`'D ,`'D -!
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Figure 1.1 Two-fi.er unidiretional ring 4&P
Si)na( f(o% of ser/ices
N5 .
N5 7
N5 C
N5 D
5ast
:rotection s%itcin)
<est
<est
5ast
5ast
5ast
<est
<est
'%o-fi$er
uni!irectiona( >S:
rin)
3e>ore protetio!
swithi!g
N5 .
N5 7
N5 C
N5 D
5ast <est
<est
5ast
5ast
5ast
<est
<est
'%o-fi$er
uni!irectiona( >S:
rin)
A>ter protetio!
swithi!g
T7o'-iber )idirectional Rin .SP
$n a two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P" the first half of 1C-@s on eah &T4-' line is alloated
to the wor9ing hannel" and the other half of 1C-@s is alloated to the protetion hannel! -s
shown in +igure 2-A3" the ser0ies on the two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P are on unifor/
routes! =efore the protetion swithing" the signal flow of the ser0ies fro/ 'D - to 'D C is
'D -`'D =`'D C" and the signal flow of the ser0ies fro/ 'D C to 'D - is 'D C`'D
=`'D -!
In nor/al ases" ser0ies are trans/itted on the wor9ing hannel! The ser0ies trans/itted on
two fi.ers flow in in0erse diretions! Chen a fi.er ut ours and the wor9ing hannel
.eo/es una0aila.le" the ser0ies on the two ends of the faulty point are .oth swithed fro/
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the wor9ing hannel of the faulty fi.er to the protetion hannel of the re0erse diretional
fi.er for trans/ission! +igure 2-A3 shows the appliation of the two-fi.er .idiretional ring
4&P! -fter the protetion swithing" the signal flow of the ser0ies fro/ 'D - to 'D C is 'D
-`'D ,`'D C`'D =`'D C" and the signal flow of the ser0ies fro/ 'D C to 'D - is
'D C`'D =`'D C`'D ,`'D -!
Figure 1.1 Two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P
N5 .
N5 7
N5 C
N5 D
5ast
:rotection s%itcin)
<est
<est
5ast
5ast
5ast
<est
<est
'%o-fi$er
$i!irectiona( >S:
rin)
3e>ore protetio!
swithi!g
N5 .
N5 7
N5 C
N5 D
5ast <est
<est
5ast
5ast
5ast
<est
<est
'%o-fi$er
$i!irectiona( >S:
rin)
A>ter protetio!
swithi!g
%+#%+% )asic Concepts
The ring 4&P uses the G1 and G2 .ytes in the /ultiple; setion o0erhead to transfer
swithing re6uests and therefore to reali8e the auto/ati protetion swithing! The ring 4&P
is a0aila.le in two types7 two-fi.er unidiretional 4&P and two-fi.er .idiretional 4&P!
.eanins o8 F )ytes
Ta.le 2-B1 pro0ides the /eanings of G .ytes in the /ultiple; setion o0erhead!
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Table 1.1 4eanings of G .ytes
F )yte .eanin
G1 (.its 1 to @) The four .its arry the .ridging re6uest ode! Ta.le 2-B2
G1 (.its ( to *) The four .its arry the I, of the destination node!
G2 (.its 1 to @) The four .its arry the I, of the soure node!
G2 (.it () It indiates the protetion she/e! 1 represents the long path
and 0 represents the short path!
G2 (.its B to *) It indiates the status! 000 represents the idle state" 111
represents the 4&--I& state" 110 represents the 4&-2,I state"
011 represents that e;tra traffi e;ists" 010 represents the
.ridging and swithing" and 001 represents the .ridging!
?=ridging? /eans that the e6uip/ent trans/its the ser0ies that are trans/itted to the west (or east)
wor9ing hannels in nor/al ases to the east (or west) protetion hannels! ?&withing? /eans that the
e6uip/ent reei0es the ser0ies that are reei0ed fro/ the west (or east) wor9ing hannels in nor/al
ases fro/ the east (or west) protetion hannels!
F# $bits # to 0( .eanin
1101 +ored swithingHring (+&H2)
1011 &ignal failHring (&+H2)
1000 &ignal degradeHring (&,H2)
0110 4anual swithingHring (4&H2)
0101 Cait-to-restore (CT2)
0011 D;erise swithingHring (D%D2H2)
0001 2e0erse re6uestHring (22H2)
0000 'o re6uest
- re0erse re6uest inherits the priority of the .ridging re6uest to whih it responds!
The other 0alues of the .ridging re6uest ode are used in the ase of the four-fi.er ring 4&P" and
hene" are outside the sope of this topi!
Protection Type
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports two types of protetion7 two-fi.er unidiretional ring
4&P and two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P!
Two-fi.er unidiretional ring 4&P
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The two-fi.er unidiretional ring 4&P has the following features7
N - ring networ9 uses two fi.ers! $ne fi.er is used to reei0e signals and the other fi.er
is used to trans/it signals!
N &er0ies are reei0ed and trans/itted on di0erse routes!
N The two-fi.er unidiretional ring 4&P adopts the re0erti0e /ode! That is" after the
wor9ing hannel is restored for a ertain period" the 'D releases the swithing" and is
swithed fro/ the swithing state to the nor/al state! The period after the original
wor9ing hannel is swithed to the nor/al state and .efore the 'D releases the
swithing is alled the CT2 ti/e! To pre0ent fre6uent swithing e0ents due to an
unsta.le wor9ing hannel" it is reo//ended that you set the CT2 ti/e!
Two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P
The two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P has the following features7
N - ring networ9 uses two fi.ers! $ne fi.er is used to reei0e signals and the other fi.er
is used to trans/it signals!
N &er0ies are reei0ed and trans/itted on the unifor/ route!
N The nor/al traffi .etween different nodes share the protetion hannel" and the
protetion hannel an .e used to trans/it e;tra traffi! $n a two-fi.er .idiretional
ring 4&P" the first half of the 1C-@s are the wor9ing hannels and the seond half of
the 1C-@s are the protetion hannels!
N The two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P adopts the re0erti0e /ode! That is" Chen an 'D
is in the swithing state" the 'D releases the swithing and is restored to the nor/al
state after the wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al and this state lasts for a ertain
period! The period after the wor9ing hannel is swithed to the nor/al state and
.efore the 'D releases the swithing is alled the CT2 ti/e! To pre0ent fre6uent
swithing e0ents due to an unsta.le wor9ing hannel" it is reo//ended that you set
the CT2 ti/e!
%+#%+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the apaity of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent for supporting /ultiple;
setion protetion ring (4&P 2ing)!
Item Speci6cations
ST.'40 t7o'
6ber .SP
rin
ST.'#4
t7o'6ber
.SP rin
ST.'0
t7o'6ber
.SP rin
ST.'#
t7o'6ber
.SP rin
Protetion
'u/.er
$pti% $&' ((07
not supported
$pti% $&' (*07
1@
$pti% $&'
((07 1
$pti% $&'
(*07 2*
$pti% $&'
((07 3
$pti% $&'
(*07 (B
$pti% $&'
((07 13
$pti% $&'
(*07 not
supported
Protetion Type $pti% $&' ((07
Two-fi.er .idiretional 4&P" two-fi.er unidiretional 4&P
$pti% $&' (*07
Two-fi.er .idiretional 4&P
&withing 4ode

+ored swithing
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Item Speci6cations
ST.'40 t7o'
6ber .SP
rin
ST.'#4
t7o'6ber
.SP rin
ST.'0
t7o'6ber
.SP rin
ST.'#
t7o'6ber
.SP rin
4anual swithing
D;erise swithing
-uto/ati swithing
&withing
Protool
-P& protool
CT2 Ti/e 300s to B@*00s
,efault 0alue7 300s
&withing
Condition (-ny
of the Conditions
Triggers the
&withing)
2H#$&
2H#$+
4&H-I&
=2HD%C
=2H&,
+ored swithing
4anual swithing
D;erise swithing
NOTE
The optial ports for $pti% $&' (*0 e6uip/ent in a ring 4&P group /ust .e at the sa/e le0el!
%+#%+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that ring 4&P o/plies with!
2ing 4&P o/plies with the following standards and protools7
%+#%+2 Availability
The ring 4&P funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and
software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00 and later
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
&#1, 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
&#1E 11002003C00"
1100200(C01and later
$pti% $&' ((0
&#@,

$pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
C%# 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
&#B@& 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#1BE 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#B@, 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#@1$ 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
%+#%+4 Principles
The priniple for the protetion swithing that is triggered .y signal failure on a two-fi.er
unidiretional ring 4&P is si/ilar to that on a two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P! The
differene is that the two-fi.er unidiretional ring 4&P adopts di0erse routes! That is" the
swithing is perfor/ed on the faulty line only! The following desri.es the swithing priniple
for the ring 4&P through an e;a/ple of the protetion swithing triggered .y signal failure on
a two-fi.er .idiretional 4&P ring that onsists of four 'Ds!
The onditions for triggering the auto/ati swithing on an 4&P ring are as follows7
+aults in .oard7 - 9ey .oard is faulty (for e;a/ple" a line .oard is powered off or
offline)!
&ignal fail (&+)7 2H#$&" 2H#$+" 4&H-I&" and =2HD%C!
&ignal degrade (&,)7 =2H&,!
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Chen signals on the wor9ing hannel fail" a swithing is perfor/ed on the two-fi.er
.idiretional ring 4&P as follows7
1! Chen the networ9 is in the nor/al state" the ser0ies .etween 'D - and 'D C are
trans/itted in ertain ti/eslots of the first 1C-@ in the line! The signal flow of the
ser0ies is shown in +igure 2-A*!
2! Chen deteting that the signals on the wor9ing hannel in the reei0e diretion fail" the
west line .oard of 'D = sends the G .ytes (the re6uest type is &+H2 and the state is 4&-
2,I) on the short way ('D =->'D -) and also sends the G .yte (the re6uest type is
&+H2 and the state is idle) on the long way ('D =->'D C->'D ,->'D -)!
3! Chen reei0ing the G .yte that is sent fro/ 'D = to 'D -" 'D C and 'D ,
transparently trans/it the reei0ed G .yte!
@! Chen reei0ing the G .yte on the short way" the east line .oard of 'D - sends the G
.yte (the re6uest type is 22H2 and the state is idle) on the short way ('D -->'D =) and
also sends the G .yte (the re6uest type is &+H2 and the state is idle) on the long way ('D
-->'D ,->'D C->'D =)!
(! Chen reei0ing the G .yte on the long way" the west line .oard of 'D - sends the G
.yte (the re6uest type is 22H2 and the state is the .ridging and swithing) on the short
way ('D -->'D =) and also sends the G .yte (the re6uest type is &+H2 and the state is
the .ridging and swithing) on the long way ('D -->'D ,->'D C->'D =)!
'D - enters the east swithing state! That is" 'D - reei0es the ser0ies that are reei0ed
fro/ the east wor9ing hannels in nor/al ases fro/ the west protetion hannels" and
trans/its the ser0ies that are trans/itted to the east wor9ing hannels in nor/al ases to
the west protetion hannels! In the ase of the ser0ies .etween 'D - and 'D C" 'D -
trans/its the ser0ies to the first 1C-@ hannel in the east diretion in the nor/al state"
.ut trans/its the ser0ies to the third 1C-@ hannel in the west diretion in the east
swithing state!
B! Chen reei0ing the G .yte (the re6uest type is &+H2 and the state is the .ridging and
swithing) that is sent fro/ 'D - to 'D =" 'D C and 'D , enter the pass-through state!
Chen 'D C and 'D , pass through the G .yte" 'D C and 'D , also pass through the
infor/ation arried on the protetion hannel!
3! Chen reei0ing the G .yte (the re6uest type is &+H2 and the state is the .ridging and
swithing) that is sent fro/ 'D -" 'D = sends the G .yte (the re6uest type is &+H2 and
the state is the .ridging and swithing) on the long way ('D =->'D C->'D ,->'D -)!
'D = enters the west swithing state! That is" 'D = reei0es the ser0ies that are
reei0ed fro/ the west wor9ing hannels in nor/al ases fro/ the east protetion
hannels" and trans/its the ser0ies that are trans/itted to the west wor9ing hannels in
nor/al ases to the east protetion hannels! In the ase of the ser0ies .etween 'D -
and 'D C" 'D = reei0es the ser0ies fro/ the first 1C-@ hannel in the west diretion
and trans/its the ser0ies to the first 1C-@ hannel in the east diretion in the nor/al
state" .ut reei0es the ser0ies fro/ the third 1C-@ hannel in the east diretion and
trans/its the ser0ie to the first 1C-@ hannel in the east diretion in the west swithing
state!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 2eali8ation priniple for the two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P (.efore the swithing)
N5 .
N5 7
N5 C
N5 D
5ast <est
<est
5ast
5ast
5ast
<est
<est
'%o-fi$er
$i!irectiona( >S:
at te S'>-B (e/e(
&E /C,5
Figure 1.2 2eali8ation priniple for the two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P (after the swithing)
N5 .
N5 7
N5 C
N5 D
5ast <est
<est
5ast
5ast
5ast
<est
<est
'%o-fi$er
$i!irectiona( >S:
rin) at te S'>-B
(e/e(
Si)na( f(o% of
ser/ices
'E /C,5
&E /C,5
'E /C,5
%+#%+* Net7or,in and Application
The appliation senarios of the ring 4&P inlude the two-fi.er unidiretional ring 4&P and
the two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P! This topi onsiders the two-fi.er .idiretional ring
4&P as an e;a/ple!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 -ppliation of the two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P
N5 .
N5 7
N5 C
N5 D
5ast
:rotection s%itcin)
<est
<est
5ast
5ast
5ast
<est
<est
'%o-fi$er
$i!irectiona( >S:
rin)
3e>ore protetio!
swithi!g
N5 .
N5 7
N5 C
N5 D
5ast <est
<est
5ast
5ast
5ast
<est
<est
'%o-fi$er
$i!irectiona( >S:
rin)
A>ter protetio!
swithi!g
-s shown in +igure 2-100" the four 'Ds for/ the two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P!
The trans/itted ser0ie and reei0ed ser0ie should .e on the unifor/ route! In nor/al
ases" the ser0ie is trans/itted on the wor9ing hannel! =efore the protetion swithing"
the signal flow of the ser0ies fro/ 'D - to 'D C is 'D -`'D =`'D C" and the
signal flow of the ser0ies fro/ 'D C to 'D - is 'D C`'D =`'D -!
Chen a fi.er ut ours and the wor9ing hannel .eo/es una0aila.le" the ser0ies on
the two ends of the faulty point are .oth swithed fro/ the wor9ing hannel of the faulty
fi.er to the protetion hannel of the re0erse diretional fi.er for trans/ission!
-fter the protetion swithing" the signal flow of the ser0ies fro/ 'D - to 'D C is 'D
-`'D ,`'D C`'D =`'D C" and the signal flow of the ser0ies fro/ 'D C to 'D
- is 'D C`'D =`'D C`'D ,`'D -!
%+#%+1 Con6urin the Rin .SP
Oou an onfigure the ring 4&P to pro0ide the 4&-le0el protetion for ser0ies on a ring
networ9!
Copyright Huawei
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PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e an '4 user with ?'D /aintainer? authority or higher!
The 'D data /ust .e onfigured and fi.ers /ust .e reated properly!
Precautions
The nu/.er of nodes in an 4&P ring should not e;eed 1B!
&tarting the protool ontroller /ay interrupt the ser0ies!
Procedure
Step # Choose %er&ice > %,> )rotectio %ubet > Create 2f8M%8%)2ig fro/ the 4ain 4enu!
Cli9 OK in the dialog .o; that is displayed! Then" the Create )rotectio %ubet window is
displayed!
To reate a four-fi.er .idiretional 4& shared protetion ring" hoose %er&ice > %,> )rotectio
%ubet > Create 7f8M%8%)2ig fro/ the 4ain 4enu to display the related dialog .o;!
To reate a two-fi.er unidiretional 4& shared protetion ring" hoose %er&ice > %,> )rotectio
%ubet > Create 2f8M%8,)2ig fro/ the 4ain 4enu to display the related dialog .o;!
The following onfiguration onsiders two-fi.er .idiretional 4&P rings as an e;a/ple!
Step % Dnter the na/e of the protetion su.net! <enerally" the default na/e is used" for e;a/ple"
2fH4&H&P2ingH1!
Step & &elet the apaity le0el of the protetion su.net" for e;a/ple" &T4-@!
Create a two-fi.er .idiretional 4&P ring! The apaity of the ring an .e set to &T4-@" &T4-1B!
Step 0 Choose 2esource %$arig and Assiged b/ 'C7 aording to the re6uire/ent!
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2esource %$arig indiates that a port is /apped into /ultiple protetion su.nets! Chen /ultiple
protetion su.nets oupy the sa/e port of a .oard" 2esource %$arig /ust .e seleted! Chen
different protetion su.nets oupy different ports of a .oard" 2esource %$arig is not re6uired! If
/ultiple protetion su.nets use one port of a .oard" you need to selet the 2esource %$arig he9
.o;! If M%) %$arig is ena.led" you an selet the 2esource %$arig he9 .o; to /ap a port of
the .oard to /ultiple 4&P su.nets!
Assiged b/ 'C7 indiates that different 1C-@s .elong to different protetion su.nets" thus
ahie0ing 0irtual optial path protetion! +or e;a/ple" in the ase of an &T4-@ fi.er" the first and
seond 1C-@s are alloated for the &T4-@ 4& shared protetion" and the third and fourth 1C-@s are
alloated for the non-protetion!
Step 2 &elet the nodes that .elong to the protetion su.net that needs to .e reated! ,ou.le-li9 the
seleted 'D in the 4ain Topology to add the 'D to the 'D list on the left! In addition" is
displayed on the 'D ion! If you need to anel the seletion" dou.le-li9 the 'D again!
To failitate /aintenane" it is reo//ended that you add the nodes antilo9wise to the protetion
su.net!
Step 4 &et the attri.ute of eah node to M%) Node!
Step * Cli9 Next! &et the para/eters suh as )$/sical !i* 1formatio in the window!
If there are /ultiple fi.ers .etween two 'Ds" selet the re6uired lin9s fro/ the )$/sical !i*
1formatio drop-down list!
If Assiged b/ 'C7 is seleted" you an &elet the wor9ing and protetion 1C-@ ti/eslots
aording to the re6uire/ent!
Step 1 Cli9 Fiis$ to deli0er the onfiguration data! Then" the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is
displayed! Cli9 Close!
Step / Choose %er&ice > %,> )rotectio %ubet > %earc$ for %,> )rotectio %ubet fro/ the
4ain 4enu! &elet the reated protetion su.net" right-li9 and hoose )rotectio %ubet
Attributes fro/ the shortut /enu!
Step #" Cli9 the )rotectio %ubet Maiteace ta. to he9 whether the protool ontroller is
started! If the protool ontroller is not started" selet all the nodes of the protetion su.net!
2ight-li9 and hoose %tart0%to- )rotocol > %tart fro/ the shortut /enu! Cli9 <es in the
dialog .o; that is displayed twie! Dnsure that the status of all the 0alues in the )rotocol
Cotroller olu/n is )rotocol %tarted!
Step ## Cli9 the )rotectio %ubet )arameters ta.! &et "T2 time and %, Coditio aording to
the re6uire/ent! Cli9 A--l/ to deli0er the onfiguration data! The "T2 time of all 'Ds in
the sa/e protetion su.net should .e the sa/e!
The default 0alue of "T2 time is B00s!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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%+#%+/ Con6uration :9ample
The appliation senarios of the ring 4&P inlude the two-fi.er unidiretional ring 4&P and
the two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P! This topi uses the onfiguration of the two-fi.er
.idiretional ring 4&P as an e;a/ple!
%+#%+/+# Description o8 the :9ample
The onfiguration of the ring 4&P is si/ple! This topi onsiders the onfiguration of the
two-fi.er .idiretional 4&P ring onsisting of four 'Ds as an e;a/ple!
-s shown in +igure 2-101" the ser0ie re6uire/ents are as follows7
In this e;a/ple" the ser0ies are added to the ring fro/ 'D1" pass through 'D2" and are
dropped fro/ 'D3!
$n 'D1 and 'D3" the &P3, .oards are used as tri.utary .oards to add and drop
ser0iesI the &#@, .oards are used as line .oards to trans/it &,H ser0ies!
=etween 'D1 and 'D3" the ser0ies oupy the first to the fifth 1C-12 ti/eslots of the
first 1C-@ (1C@-171C1271-() on the &,H lin9s!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of the ring 4&P
N51
N52 N5B
N53
1 2
2
2
2 1
1
1
2-S,BD ,ine $oar!
1-S,BD ,ine $oar!
2-S,BD
1-S,BD ,ine $oar!
,ine $oar!
3-S:3D
2-S,BD
1-S,BD
,ine $oar!
'ri$utar# $oar!
,ine $oar!
3-S:3D
2-S,BD
1-S,BD
,ine $oar!
'ri$utar# $oar!
,ine $oar!
%+#%+/+% Con6uration Process
The onfiguration of two-fi.er .idiretional 4&P ser0ies are independent of the
onfiguration of 4&P su.nets! If an 4&P su.net is already onfigured" you only need to
onfigure the &,H ser0ies (fro/ the tri.utary .oard to the line .oard) on the soure and sin9
'Ds and onfigure a pass-through ser0ie on the inter/ediate 'Ds!
PrereBuisites
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The 4&P su.net /ust .e reated and /ust .e the sa/e as the atual topology! +or details
on how to reate the 4&P su.net" see 2!12!* Configuring the 2ing 4&P!
Procedure
Step # Configure an &,H ser0ie on 'D1 (soure 'D)!
1! &elet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Cofiguratio > %,>
2! In the lower right orner" li9 Create" and then set the re6uired para/eters in the
Create %,> %er&ice dialog .o; that is displayed! -fter the setting" li9 OK!
Paramete
r
Value in
This
:9ample
Description
#e0el 1C-12 The D1 ser0ie is onsidered as an e;a/ple in this topi!
&oure &lot 3-&P3, In this e;a/ple" the &P3, .oard in slot 3 is used as the
soure tri.utary .oard! Oou an selet a different soure
.oard depending on the atual situation!
&oure
Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
1-( In this e;a/ple" the total ser0ie apaity is (;D1 and
!e&el of the ser0ie is set to 'C12! Hene" fi0e 1C-12s
are re6uired!
&in9 &lot 1-&#@,-
1(&,H-1)
In this e;a/ple" the &#@, .oard in slot 1 is used as the
sin9 line .oard! Oou an selet a different sin9 .oard
depending on the atual situation!
&in9 1C@ 1C@-1 In this e;a/ple" the ser0ie re6uires fi0e 1C-12s! $ne
1C-@ ti/eslot ontains B3 1C-12s! Hene" only the first
1C-@ ti/eslot needs to .e set!
&in9 Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
are re6uired!
Step % Configure an &,H ser0ie on 'D3 (sin9 'D)! &ee &tep 1 to onfigure the &,H ser0ie on
'D3! &et the following para/eters" and li9 OK!
Paramete
r
Value in
This
:9ample
Description
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Paramete
r
Value in
This
:9ample
Description
ser0ies! Hene" ,irectio is set to Bidirectioal!
&oure &lot 1-&#@,-
1(&,H-1)
soure line .oard! Oou an selet a different soure .oard
&oure
Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
are re6uired!
&in9 &lot 3-&P3, In this e;a/ple" the &P3, .oard in slot 3 is used as the
sin9 tri.utary .oard! Oou an selet a different sin9 .oard
&in9 Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
are re6uired!
Step & Configure a pass-through ser0ie on 'D2!
1! &elet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Cofiguratio > %,>
2! In the lower right orner" li9 Create" and then set the re6uired para/eters in the
Create %,> %er&ice dialog .o; that is displayed! -fter the setting" li9 OK!
Paramete
r
Value in
This
:9ample
Description
&oure &lot 1-&#1,-
1(&,H-1)
&oure 1C@ 1C@-1 In this e;a/ple" the ser0ie re6uires fi0e 1C-12s! $ne
&oure 1-( In this e;a/ple" the total ser0ie apaity is (;D1 and
Copyright Huawei
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Paramete
r
Value in
This
:9ample
Description
Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
are re6uired!
&in9 &lot 1-&#@,-
2(&,H-2)
&in9 Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
are re6uired!
Step 0 &ee 2!12!10 1erifying the 2ing 4&P to he9 whether the ser0ie onfigurations are orret!
....Ed
%+#%+#" Veri8yin the Rin .SP
The networ9 is onfigured with the ring 4&P" whih pro0ides protetion for ser0ies on the
wor9ing hannel of the ring 4&P group! This topi ta9es the two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P
as an e;a/ple to introdue how to 0erify the swithing of the ring 4&P!
PrereBuisites
The 52000 user /ust log in to the 'D!
The two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P /ust .e reated and onfigured on the 52000! +or
the onfiguration" see the Configuration Guide (#D Transport Domain)!
52000
Connection Diaram 8or the Test
&et up the onnetion for testing the two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P swithing! &ee +igure
2-102! -ssu/e that a 2 4.it)s ser0ie is onfigured fro/ 'D1 to 'D3! The wor9ing ser0ie
tra0els fro/ 'D1" to 'D2" and then to 'D3!
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Figure 1.1 Connetion for testing the two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P swithing
NE5
NE$
NE&
NE'
W
W
W
W E
E
E
E
The proess of testing the two-fi.er unidiretional ring 4&P swithing is si/ilar to this proess!
Procedure
Step # #og in to the 52000! 2ight-li9 the 'D1 ion and selet NE Ex-lorer!
1! &hut down the laser of the east optial port of 'D1! &elet the orresponding .oard!
Choose Cofiguratio > %,> 1terface fro/ the +untion Tree! &elet B/ Fuctio
and selet !aser %witc$ fro/ the drop-down /enu!
2! &elet the port to .e losed! &et !aser %witc$ to Close! Cli9 A--l/! - dialog .o; is
displayed! Cli9 OK!
Step % Euery the alar/s of the 'Ds! 'D1 should report the #-&D2HC#$&D, and -P&HI',I alar/"
and 'D2 should report the -P&HI',I alar/! This indiates that the 4&P swithing ours on
'D1 and 'D2!
Step & 2efer to steps 1 to swith on the laser!
Step 0 -fter the CT2 ti/er (10 /inutes .y default) e;pires" 6uery the alar/s of the 'Ds! The alar/s
reported .y 'D1 and 'D2 should .e leared! This indiates that the 4&P swithing on 'D1
and 'D2 ends and that 'D1 and 'D2 are restored to nor/al!
Step 2 2efer to steps 1-@ to test eah setion of the two-fi.er .idiretional ring 4&P!
....Ed
%+#%+## Troubleshootin
Symptoms
Possible Causes
Cause 17 The auto/ati protetion swithing (-P&) protool is a.nor/al and auses the
Cause 27 The -P&H+-I# alar/ ours and auses the failure to the protetion swithing!
Copyright Huawei
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Cause 37 The -P&H4-'5-#H&T$P alar/ ours and auses the failure to the
protetion swithing!
Cause @7 The hardware of a line .oard is faulty and auses the failure to the protetion
swithing!
Troubleshootin -lo7
Figure 1.1 Trou.leshooting flow of the 4&P swithing
Restart te .:S protoco(
No
Kes
No
Kes
Start
Kes
Kes
No
No
Kes Kes
No
No
Contact &ua%ei
en)ineers
5n!
No
Kes
No
<eter te
.:S protoco(
is nor"a(
<eter te
.:SJF.2,
a(ar" occurs
<eter te
s%itcin) is
nor"a(
<eter te
.:SJ>.N0.,JS'O:a(
ar" occurs
&an!(e te .:SJF.2,
a(ar"
Restart te protoco(
contro((er
<eter te
ar!%are of te
(ine $oar! is fau(t#
<eter te
s%itcin) is
nor"a(
<eter te
s%itcin) is
nor"a(
<eter te
s%itcin) is
nor"a(
Rep(ace te (ine $oar!
Kes
Procedure
Cause 17 The auto/ati protetion swithing (-P&) protool is a.nor/al and auses the failure to the protetion
swithing!
1! 2estart the -P& protool on the 52000!
step!
Step # Cause 27 The -P&H+-I# alar/ ours and auses the failure to the protetion swithing!
1! Clear the -P&H+-I# alar/ aording to the Alarms and Performance Events Reference!
Copyright Huawei
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step!
Step % Cause 37 The -P&H4-'5-#H&T$P alar/ ours and auses the failure to the protetion
swithing!
1! 2estart the -P& protool ontroller on the 52000!
step!
Step & Cause @7 The hardware of a line .oard is faulty and auses the failure to the protetion
swithing!
....Ed
%+#%+#% Related Alarms and :vents
This topi desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents related to ring 4&P!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
-P&H+-I# The 4& auto/ati protetion swithing fails!
-P&HI',I The 4& is in the protetion swithing state!
-P&H4-'5-#H&T$P The ontroller of the 4& auto/ati protetion swithing
protool is /anually stopped!
2H-P& The line .oard fails to reei0e the G1)G2 .yte!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to ring 4&P!
%+#%+#& Parameters 8or Con6urin the Rin
.ultiple9 Section Protection
This setion desri.es neessary para/eters for onfiguring the ring /ultiple; setion
protetion (4&P)!
Ta.le 2-B3 lists para/eters for onfiguring the 4&P!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring the ring 4&P
'a/e +or e;a/ple" two-fi.er
Indiates the na/e of a
protetion su.net! The na/e
Copyright Huawei
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ringH1
of a new protetion su.net is
auto/atially generated! Oou
an rena/e the protetion
su.net as re6uired!
#e0el &T4-1" &T4-@" &T4-1B"
&T4-B@" and &T4-2(B
not seleted
&T4-2" &T4-@" &T4-B" !!!"
&T4-2(@" and &T4-2(B
seleted
NOTE
supports only &T4-1" &T4-@"
and &T4-1B le0els!
Indiates the apaity le0el
of a reated protetion
su.net! The apaity le0el of
the reated protetion su.net
/ust .e the sa/e as the
trans/ission rate of the line
.oards that for/ the
protetion su.net!
NOT1CE
Chen seleting an inorret
apaity le0el" you will fail to
reate a protetion su.net!
2esoure &haring &eleted" ,eseleted 2esoure sharing indiates
that two protetion su.nets
an share one physial
resoure! If /ultiple
protetion su.nets are
reated on a fi.er" the seond
and later protetion su.nets
share the resoures on the
fi.er!
-ssigned .y 1C@ &eleted" ,eseleted Indiates that different 1C-
@s orrespond to different
protetion su.nets! Oou an
group 1C-@s in the optial
fi.er into different protetion
su.nets to protet 0irtual
optial hannels! This /eans
that ertain 1C-@s in the
fi.er an .e alloated to a
protetion su.net!
'ode +or e;a/ple" 'D30 ,isplays the seleted 'D!
'ode -ttri.utes 4P& 'ode" Pri/ary 'ode"
&eondary 'ode
,efault 0alue7 4P& 'ode
Indiates the node type!
4&P 'ode7 indiates an

ordinary node in the 4&P
protetion su.net!
Pri/ary 'ode7 indiates

the pri/ary node in the
,'I protetion!
&eondary 'ode7 indiates

the seondary node in the
,'I protetion!
#in9 +or e;a/ple" 'D1@0- ,isplays the fi.er lin9 of the
Copyright Huawei
122*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
'D1@1 2ing 1 protetion su.net!
Physial Infor/ation +or e;a/ple" 1-&#1,-
1(&,H-1)-1-&#1,-2(&,H-
1)
,isplays the line .oard
resoure used .y the fi.er
lin9!
1C@ +or e;a/ple" 1 to @ This para/eter an .e set
only when Assiged b/ 'C7
is seleted!
&u.net 'a/e - ,isplays the na/e of a
protetion su.net!
&u.net Type 1L1 #inear 4&P" 47'
#inear 4&P" 5nproteted
2ing" 5nproteted Chain
,isplays the type of a
protetion su.net!
CT2 Ti/e (s) +or e;a/ple" B00 ,isplays the swithing wait
to restore (CT2) ti/e of the
protetion su.net!
2e0erti0e 4ode 'on-2e0erti0e" 2e0erti0e ,isplays the re0erti0e /ode
of the protetion su.net!
&withing 4ode &ingle-Dnded &withing"
,ual-Dnded &withing
,efault7 &ingle-Dnded
&withing
%witc$ig Mode speifies
the swithing /ode!
+or 1L1 4&P" you an set
this para/eter to %igle.
Eded %witc$ig or ,ual.
Eded %witc$ig! +or 17'
4&P ('ZK1@)" you an set
this para/eter to only ,ual.
Eded %witc$ig!
%+#& SNCP
&u.-networ9 onnetion protetion (&'CP) protets the ser0ie that tra0erses /ore than one
su.net! &'CP is .ased on the dually-fed and seleti0ely-reei0ing /ehanis/! The su.net an
.e a hain" a ring" or a /ore o/ple; networ9!
%+#&+# Introduction
&'CP re6uires one wor9ing su.net and one protetion su.net so that ser0ies an .e dually-
fed and seleti0ely-reei0ed!
&'CP re6uires one wor9ing su.net and one protetion su.net so that ser0ies an .e dually-
fed and seleti0ely-reei0ed! If the wor9ing su.net fails to .e onneted or if its perfor/ane
fails to /eet re6uire/ents" the protetion su.net ta9es o0er!
+igure 2-10@ shows the appliation of &'CP!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of &'CP
<or-in)
SNC
:rotection
SNC
Source en!
N5 . N5 7
Sin- en!
N5 . N5 7
:rotection
s%itcin)
Source en! Sin- en!
<or-in)
SNC
:rotection
SNC
%+#&+% )asic Concepts
This topi desri.es the .asi onepts that are related to the &'CP she/e" inluding the
protetion type and &'CP ser0ie pair!
Protection Type
The &'CP is lassified into the re0erti0e /ode and the non-re0erti0e /ode!
2e0erti0e
Chen an 'D is in the swithing state" the 'D releases the swithing and returns to the
nor/al state if the wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al and this state lasts for a ertain
period! The period after the wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al and .efore the 'D
releases the swithing is alled the CT2 ti/e! To pre0ent fre6uent swithing e0ents due
to an unsta.le wor9ing hannel" it is reo//ended that you set the CT2 ti/e! In
re0erti0e /ode" if the wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al" the ser0ie is swithed fro/
the protetion hannel to the wor9ing hannel after the CT2 ti/e elapses!
'on-re0erti0e /ode
the wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al! -ordingly" the ser0ie is not swithed fro/
the protetion hannel .a9 to the wor9ing hannel!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
SNCP Service Pair
-n &'CP ser0ie pair is the .asi unit of the &'CP! It is o/posed of a wor9ing soure" a
protetion soure" and a ser0ie sin9!
Figure 1.1 &'CP ser0ie pair
<or-in)
source
:rotection
source
Ser/ice
sin-
%+#&+& Speci6cations
This setion lists the su.networ9 onnetion protetion (&'CP) speifiations that this
produt supports!
Item Speci6cations
&upport apa.ility $pti% $&' ((07
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of &'CP groups7 1032
$pti% $&' (*07
4a;i/u/ nu/.er of &'CP groups7 1***
&er0ies
supported .y
&'CP
$pti% $&' ((07
1C-12" 1C-3" 1C-@
$pti% $&' (*07
1C-12" 1C-3" 1C-@" 1C-@-@" 1C-@-1B" 1C-@-B@
2e0erti0e 4ode 2e0erti0e 'on-re0erti0e
CT2 Ti/e 300s to 320s
,efault 0alue7 B00s
-
&withing
Condition (-ny of
the Conditions
Triggers the
&withing)
-ny of the following alar/s triggers the swithing of 1C-@ and 1C-@-
% le0els &'CP7
2H#$&
2H#$+
=2HD%C
-5H-I&
-5H#$P
=3HD%C($ptional)
Copyright Huawei
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Item Speci6cations
=3H&,($ptional)
HPH5'DE($ptional)
HPHTI4($ptional)
-ny of the following alar/s triggers the swithing of 1C-3 le0el
&'CP7
T5H#$P
T5H-I&
=3HD%C($ptional)
=3H&,($ptional)
-ny of the following alar/s triggers the swithing of 1C-12 le0el
&'CP7
T5H#$P
T5H-I&
#PH5'DE
=IPHD%C($ptional)
=IPH&,($ptional)
HPH#$4
In the trail /anage/ent window of the '4&" you an on0ert an e;isting unproteted trail
to an &'CP-proteted trail! In the opposite way" you an also on0ert an &'CP-proteted
trail to an unproteted trail! In addition" the following trail-le0el operations are supported7
4anual swithing to protetion path
4anual swithing to wor9ing path
+ored swithing to protetion path
+ored swithing to wor9ing path
Cait-to-restore (CT2) ti/e setting
2e0erti0e /ode setting

%+#&+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that &'CP o/plies with!
&'CP o/plies with the following standards and protools7
%+#&+2 Availability
The &'CP funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
&#1, 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
&#1E

$pti% $&' ((07
11002003C00"
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
&#@,

$pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
&P3,

$pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
P#3T

$pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
C%# 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#B@& 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
Copyright Huawei
1233
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
&#1BE 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#B@, 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#@1$ 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
%+#&+4 Principles
&'CP is reali8ed when the ser0ie is dually fed at the soure end and seleti0ely reei0ed at
the sin9 end! &'CP is .ased on the dually-fed and seleti0ely-reei0ing /ehanis/! In the
&'CP she/e" a ross-onnet .oard seleti0ely reei0es the ser0ie" and the ser0ie is
proteted on the line!
Trier Condition
The auto/ati &'CP swithing an .e triggered .y any of the following onditions7
&ignal fail (&+)7 2H#$&" 2H#$C" 4&H-I&" -5H-I&" T5H-I&" T5H#$P" -5H#$P" and
HPH#$4 (1C-12 le0el)!
&ignal degrade (&,)7 =2HD%C" =IPHD%C (1C-12 le0el)" =IPH&, (1C-12 le0el)"
HPHTI4" HPH5'DE" and #PH5'DE!
$ffline of the ser0ie .oard where the higher-order /onitoring point resides7 This is
e6ui0alent to the ase in whih an &+ e0ent ours at e0ery higher-order /onitoring
point on the ser0ie .oard!
RealiEation Principle
Figure 1.1 &'CP reali8ation priniple (.efore the swithing)
<or-in)
SNC
:rotection
SNC
Source en!
N5 . N5 7
Sin- en!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.2 &'CP reali8ation priniple (after the swithing)
N5 . N5 7
Source en! Sin- en!
<or-in)
SNC
:rotection
SNC
Chen the wor9ing &'C fails" the &'CP swithing is i/ple/ented as follows7
1! =efore the swithing" the soure end ('D -) sends the ser0ie signal to the sin9 end ('D
=) through .oth the wor9ing &'C and protetion &'C!
2! Chen deteting that the signal of the wor9ing &'C fails" the line .oard of 'D = reports
the &'C signal failure e0ent to the syste/ ontrol .oard!
3! The syste/ ontrol .oard of 'D = he9s and ensures that the signal of the wor9ing
&'C fails .ut the signal of the protetion &'C is nor/al! Then" the ross-onnet .oard
o/pletes the ross-onnetion .etween the protetion &'C and the ser0ie sin9! In this
/anner" 'D = reei0es the ser0ie fro/ the protetion &'C!
%+#&+* Net7or,in and Application
In the &'CP she/e" the ser0ie is dually fed at the soure end and seleti0ely reei0ed at the
sin9 end!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 -ppliation of &'CP
<or-in) ser/ice f(o%
N5 .
N5 7
N5 C
N5 D
:rotection
s%itcin)
7efore te
protection s%itcin)
.fter te
protection s%itcin)
N5 .
N5 7
N5 C
N5 D
:rotection ser/ice f(o%
-s shown in +igure 2-10*" four 'Ds for/ an &'CP ring!
The soure end trans/its the ser0ie on .oth the wor9ing hannel and protetion
hannel! The sin9 end reei0es the ser0ie on the wor9ing hannel!
Chen a fi.er ut ours and the wor9ing hannel .eo/es una0aila.le" the protetion
swithing is ours at the sin9 end and therefore the sin9 end reei0es the ser0ie on the
protetion hannel!
%+#&+1 Con6urin the SNCP
The &'CP is .ased on the dual fed and seleti0e reei0ing /ehanis/ and it is to protet
ross-su.net ser0ies! Chen you reate an &,H ser0ie on a per-'D .asis" reate the &'CP to
protet the ross-su.net ser0ie!
Copyright Huawei
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PrereBuisites
Procedure
In the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the 'D that needs to .e onfigured with the &'CP and then hoose NE
Step # In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D and then hoose Cofiguratio > %,> %er&ice
Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step % Cli9 Create %NC) %er&ice" and the Create %NC) %er&ice dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &et the %er&ice T/-e" ,irectio" !e&el" >old.off Time 3166 ms4" 2e&erti&e Mode" "T2
Time 3s4" "or*ig %er&ice" and )rotectio %er&ice para/eters!
"T2 Time 3s4 an .e set only when 2e&erti&e Mode is set to 2e&erti&e!
Step 0 Cli9 OK! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is
suessful!
Step 2 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
%+#&+/ Con6uration :9ample
In the &'CP she/e" a dediated physial hannel is used to protet ser0ies" and ser0ies are
dually trans/itted and seleti0ely reei0ed! This feature distinguishes &'CP fro/ other
protetion she/es! Chen onfiguring &'CP" you need to onfigure the wor9ing ser0ie and
protetion ser0ie!
%+#&+/+# Case Description
&'CP ser0ies are easy to .e onfigured! This topi onsiders the ring onsisting of four 'Ds
as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the &'CP ser0ie!
-s shown in +igure 2-10A" the ser0ie re6uire/ents are as follows7
In this e;a/ple" ser0ies are added to the ring on 'D1 and are dropped fro/ the ring on
the sin9 'D ('D3)!
$n 'D1 and 'D3" the &P3, .oards are used as tri.utary .oards to add and drop
ser0iesI the &#@, .oards are used as line .oards to trans/it &,H ser0ies!
Oou an plan the wor9ing hannel and protetion hannel aording to the speifi
re6uire/ent! In this e;a/ple" the route of the wor9ing ser0ie is as follows7 'D1-'D2-
'D3I the route of the protetion ser0ie is as follows7 'D1-'D@-'D3!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of &'CP
N51
N52 N5B
N53
1 2
2
2
2 1
1
1
2-S,BD ,ine $oar!
1-S,BD ,ine $oar!
2-S,BD
1-S,BD ,ine $oar!
,ine $oar!
3-S:3D
2-S,BD
1-S,BD
,ine $oar!
'ri$utar# $oar!
,ine $oar!
3-S:3D
2-S,BD
1-S,BD
,ine $oar!
'ri$utar# $oar!
,ine $oar!
%+#&+/+% Con6uration Process
=oth &'CP ring ser0ies and protetion are onfigured on the 52000! To onfigure an &'CP
ser0ie on the soure 'D and sin9 'D" you need to deter/ine the soure .oards and ti/eslots
for the wor9ing ser0ie and protetion ser0ie! In addition" you need to onfigure a pass-
through ser0ie on the inter/ediate 'D!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Configure an &,H ser0ie on 'D1 (soure 'D)!
Chen onfiguring an &'CP ser0ie" you an set the trigger onditions of the &'CP swithing as desired!
1! In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D1 and then hoose Cofiguratio > %,> %er&ice
2! In the lower right orner" li9 Create %NC) %er&ice! In the Create %NC) %er&ice
dialog .o; that is displayed" set the re6uired para/eters! -fter the setting" li9 OK!
Parameter Value in
This
:9ample
Value Description
&er0ie Type &'CP %er&ice T/-e is set to %NC)!
#e0el 1C-12 In this e;a/ple" the D1 ser0ie is onfigured!
Hene" !e&el of the D1 ser0ie is set to 'C12!
Copyright Huawei
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Parameter Value in
This
:9ample
Value Description
2e0erti0e 4ode 2e0erti0e In re0erti0e /ode" when an 'D is in the swithing
state" the 'D releases the swithing and returns to
the nor/al state if the wor9ing hannel is restored
to nor/al and this state lasts for a ertain period!
,iretion =idiretion
al
In this e;a/ple" ser0ies are trans/itted and
reei0ed in the sa/e path! That is" the ser0ies are
.idiretional ser0ies! Hene" ,irectio is set to
Bidirectioal!
Hold-off Ti/e (100
/s)
0 The hold-off ti/e refers to the period fro/ the ti/e
after the e6uip/ent detets a fault and .efore the
swithing ation is perfor/ed! Chen the &'CP and
other protetion she/es oe;ist" the hold-off ti/e
an ena.le the swithing ations of other protetion
she/es to .e perfor/ed first!
This para/eter ta9es the default 0alue and does not
re6uire setting!
CT2 Ti/e (s) B00 If the wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al and the
nor/al state lasts for B00s" the swithing restoration
ours! This para/eter is 0alid only when
2e&erti&e Mode is set to 2e&erti&e!
Cor
9ing
&er0
ie
&oure &lot 1-&#1,-
1(&,H-1)
In this e;a/ple" the &#1, .oard in slot 1 is used as
the soure .oard of the wor9ing ser0ie! Oou an
selet a different soure .oard for the wor9ing
ser0ie depending on the atual situation!
&oure 1C@ 1C@-1 In this e;a/ple" the ser0ie re6uires fi0e 1C-12s!
$ne 1C-@ ti/eslot ontains B3 1C-12s! Hene"
only the first 1C-@ ti/eslot needs to .e set!
&oure
Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
1-( In this e;a/ple" the total ser0ie apaity is (;D1
and !e&el of the ser0ie is set to 'C12! Hene" fi0e
1C-12s are re6uired!
Prot
etio
n
&er0
ie
&oure &lot 2-&#1,-
1(&,H-1)
In this e;a/ple" the &#1, .oard in slot 2 is used as
the soure .oard of the protetion ser0ie! Oou an
selet a different soure .oard for the protetion
&oure
Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
&in9 &lot B-&P3, In this e;a/ple" the &P3, .oard in slot B is used as
Copyright Huawei
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Parameter Value in
This
:9ample
Value Description
the sin9 tri.utary .oard! Oou an selet a different
sin9 .oard depending on the atual situation!
&in9 1C@ - -
&in9 Ti/eslot 2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
Step # Configure an &,H ser0ie on 'D3 (sin9 'D)! &ee &tep 1 to onfigure the &,H ser0ie on
'D3!
Parameter Value in
This
:9ample
Value Description
&er0ie Type &'CP %er&ice T/-e is set to %NC)!
#e0el 1C-12 In this e;a/ple" the D1 ser0ie is onfigured!
Hene" !e&el of the D1 ser0ie is set to 'C12!
2e0erti0e 4ode 2e0erti0e In re0erti0e /ode" when an 'D is in the swithing
state" the 'D releases the swithing and returns to
the nor/al state if the wor9ing hannel is restored
to nor/al and this state lasts for a ertain period!
,iretion =idiretion
al
In this e;a/ple" ser0ies are trans/itted and
reei0ed in the sa/e path! That is" the ser0ies are
.idiretional ser0ies! Hene" ,irectio is set to
Bidirectioal!
Hold-off Ti/e (100
/s)
0 This para/eter ta9es the default 0alue and does not
re6uire setting!
CT2 Ti/e (s) B00 If the wor9ing hannel is restored to nor/al and the
nor/al state lasts for B00s" the swithing restoration
ours! This para/eter is 0alid only when
2e&erti&e Mode is set to 2e&erti&e!
Cor
9ing
&er0
ie
&oure &lot 1-&#@,-
1(&,H-1)
In this e;a/ple" the &#@, .oard in slot 1 is used as
the soure .oard of the wor9ing ser0ie! Oou an
selet a different soure .oard for the wor9ing
&oure
Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
Copyright Huawei
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Parameter Value in
This
:9ample
Value Description
Prot
etio
n
&er0
ie
&oure &lot 2-&#@,-
1(&,H-1)
In this e;a/ple" the &#@, .oard in slot 2 is used as
the soure .oard of the protetion ser0ie! Oou an
selet a different soure .oard for the protetion
&oure
Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
&in9 &lot 3-&P3, In this e;a/ple" the &P3, .oard in slot 3 is used as
the sin9 tri.utary .oard! Oou an selet a different
sin9 .oard depending on the atual situation!
&in9 1C@ - -
&in9 Ti/eslot 2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
Step % Configure a pass-through ser0ie on 'D2!
1! In the 'D D;plorer" selet 'D2 and then hoose Cofiguratio > %,> %er&ice
2! In the lower right orner" li9 Create! In the Create %,> %er&ice dialog .o; that is
displayed" set the re6uired para/eters! -fter the setting" li9 OK!
Paramete
r
Value in
This
:9ample
Value Description
#e0el 1C-12 In this e;a/ple" the D1 ser0ie is onfigured! Hene"
!e&el of the D1 ser0ie is set to 'C12!
&oure &lot 1-&#@,-
1(&,H-1)
&oure 1C@ 1C@-1 In this e;a/ple" the ser0ie re6uires fi0e 1C-12s! $ne
&oure
Ti/eslot
Copyright Huawei
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Paramete
r
Value in
This
:9ample
Value Description
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
are re6uired!
&in9 &lot 1-&#@,-
2(&,H-2)
&in9 Ti/eslot
2ange
(e!g!1"3-B)
are re6uired!
-ti0ate
I//ediately
Oes In this e;a/ple" after .eing onfigured" the ser0ie is
ati0ated i//ediately!
Step & Configure a pass-through ser0ie on 'D@! &ee &tep 3 to onfigure the &,H ser0ie on 'D@!
5se the sa/e onfiguration /ethod and set the para/eters the sa/e as the para/eters set for
'D2!
Step 0 &ee 2!13!10 1erifying the &'CP to he9 whether the ser0ie onfigurations are orret!
....Ed
%+#&+#" Veri8yin the SNCP
-fter a networ9 is onfigured with the &'CP" &'CP ser0ies on the wor9ing hannel an .e
proteted!
PrereBuisites
The &'CP /ust .e reated and onfigured on the 52000!
52000
Test Connection Diaram
-ssu/e that a 2 4.it)s ser0ie is onfigured fro/ 'D1 to 'D3! The wor9ing ser0ie tra0els
fro/ 'D1 to 'D2" and then to 'D3!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Connetion for testing the &'CP swithing
N52
N5B
N53 N51
SNC:rin)
<or-in) trai(
:rotection trai(
Procedure
#og in to the 52000! 2ight-li9 the 'D1 ion and selet NE Ex-lorer fro/ the shortut /enu!
1! &elet the optial interfae .oard that needs to .e onfigured with the &'CP! Choose
Cofiguratio > %,> 1terface! &elet the B/ Fuctio he9 .o; and selet !aser
%witc$ fro/ the drop-down /enu!
2! &elet the port whose laser is to .e shut down! &et !aser %witc$ to %$utdow! Cli9
A--l/! -fter a dialog .o; is displayed" li9 OK!
3! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is
suessful! Then" li9 Close!
Step # #og in to the 52000! Euery the a.nor/al e0ents on 'D1! If an &'CP &withing e0ent is
reported" it indiates that an &'CP swithing ours!
The &'CP swithing ours only when a station fails to reei0e ser0ies! The laser of 'D1 is shut down
in step 3! The &'CP swithing" howe0er" is perfor/ed at 'D3" whih fails to reei0e ser0ies fro/ the
wor9ing hannel!
Step % 2efer to &tep 1 to swith on the laser! Cait for 10 /inutes!
The default CT2 ti/e is 10 /inutes! Oou an set the 0alue as desired!
If the re0erti0e /ode of the &'CP is onfigured to 2e&erti&e" the #-&D2HC#$&D,
and 2H#$& alar/s are leared!
If the re0erti0e /ode of the &'CP is onfigured to No.2e&erti&e" do as follows7
N #og in to the 52000! 2ight-li9 the 'D3 ion and selet NE Ex-lorer!
N Choose Cofiguratio > %NC) %er&ice Cotrol fro/ the +untion Tree! &elet all
the ser0ies in "or*ig %er&ice! Choose Fuctio > Forced %witc$ig to
"or*ig! - dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 OK! - seond dialog .o; is displayed!
Cli9 Close!
N Choose Fuctio > Clear! - dialog .o; is displayed! Cli9 OK! - seond dialog .o;
is displayed! Cli9 Close!
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N Choose Fuctio > +uer/ %witc$ig %tatus! - dialog is displayed! Cli9 Close!
Curret %tatus /ust .e Normal!
N 1iew the 52000! The #-&D2HC#$&D, and 2H#$& alar/s are leared!
....Ed
%+#&+## Troubleshootin
Symptom
Possible Causes
Cause 17 The para/eters of the protetion group are inorretly set" and therefore the
protetion swithing fails!
Cause 27 The fi.er of the .oard is inorretly onneted" and therefore the protetion
swithing fails!
Cause 37 The hardware of line .oard is faulty" and therefore the protetion swithing
fails!
Troubleshootin -lo7
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Figure 1.1 Trou.leshooting flow of the &'CP swithing
No
Kes
Start
5n!
<eter
para"eters of te
protection )roup
are incorrectL
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
Kes
No
No
No
No
No
Re-set
para"eters of te
protection )roup
<eter te
protection s%itcin)
is nor"a(L
<eter te
protection s%itcin)
is nor"a(L
<eter te
protection s%itcin)
is nor"a(L
<eter fi$er
connection of te
$oar! is incorrectL
Reconnect fi$ers
<eter ar!%are
of te (ine $oar! is
fau(t#L
Rep(ace te (ine
$oar!
Contact &ua%ei
en)ineers for so(ution
Procedure
Cause 17 The para/eters of the protetion group are inorretly set" and therefore the protetion swithing fails!
1! 2eset the para/eters of the protetion group on the 52000!
step!
Step # Cause 27 The fi.er of the .oard is inorretly onneted" and therefore the protetion
swithing fails!
1! 2eonnet the fi.ers .etween the 'Ds!
step!
Step % Cause 37 The hardware of line .oard is faulty" and therefore the protetion swithing fails!
....Ed
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%+#&+#% Related Alarms and :vents
There are no alar/s or perfor/ane e0ents rele0ant to the &'CP!
%+#&+#& SNCP Con6uration
This setion desri.es neessary para/eters for onfiguring su.networ9 onnetion protetion
(&'CP) on an 'D!
Ta.le 2-B@ lists para/eters for onfiguring &'CP!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring &'CP
&er0ie Type &'CP &elets new reated ser0ies
as &'CP ser0ies!
2e0erti0e 4ode 'on-2e0erti0e" 2e0erti0e
,efault7 'on-re0erti0e
&peifies whether ser0ies
an .e swithed fro/ the
protetion hannel to the
wor9ing hannel after the
wor9ing hannel is restored!
2e&erti&e" ser0ies an .e
swithed fro/ the protetion
hannel to the wor9ing
hannel! If this para/eter is
set to No.2e&erti&e"
ser0ies annot .e swithed
fro/ the protetion hannel
to the wor9ing hannel!
CT2 Ti/e (s) D;a/ple7 B00 &peifies the wait-to-restore
(CT2) ti/e!
Chen the ti/e after the
for/er wor9ing hannel is
reo0ered reahes the set
CT2 ti/e" a re0erti0e
swithing ours! This
para/eter is a0aila.le only
when 2e&erti&e Mode is set
to 2e&erti&e!
Hold-off Ti/e (100 /s) 0 to 100
,efault7 0
&peifies the hold-off ti/e!
The hold-off ti/e endures
after the syste/ detets a
swithing ondition and
.efore the syste/ triggers the
swithing! If >old.Off Time
3166 ms4 is set to 6" you do
not need to set a speifi
hold-off ti/e!
&oure =oard D;a/ple7 1-&#1,-1(&,H-
1)
,isplays the slot I," .oard
na/e" port nu/.er" and port
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na/e at the soure end!
&in9 =oard D;a/ple7 3-&P3, ,isplays the slot I," .oard
na/e" port nu/.er" and port
na/e at the sin9 end!
&oure 1C@ D;a/ple7 1C@-1 &peifies the 1C-@ ti/eslot
at the soure end!
$ne 1C-@ ti/eslot an
ontain a /a;i/u/ of B3
1C-12 ti/eslots!
&in9 1C@ - &peifies the 1C-@ ti/eslot
at the sin9 end!
&oure Ti/eslot
2ange(eg!1" 3-B)
D;a/ple7 1-( &peifies the ti/eslot range
at the soure end!
%+#0 STP and RSTP
The Dthernet data .oard supports the &panning Tree Protool (&TP) that o/plies with IDDD
*02!1d and the 2apid &panning Tree Protool (2&TP) that o/plies with IDDD *02!1w!
%+#0+# Introduction
The &panning Tree Protool (&TP) and 2apid &panning Tree Protool (2&TP) are used in the
loop networ9! The two protools reali8e routing redundany .y adopting ertain algorith/s
and .rea9 the loop networ9 into a loop-free tree networ9" therefore pre0enting pa9ets fro/
inreasing and yling in an endless /anner in the loop networ9! In this /anner" the
appliation of the two protools an pre0ent the ourrene of the .roadast stor/ and 4-C
address ta.le flapping!
In a #ayer 2 swithing networ9" loops often e;ist in the topology! This /ay result in .roadast
stor/ and 4-C address ta.le flapping! The pro.le/s are desri.ed as follows7
=roadast stor/
=roadast pa9ets are opied and forwarded repeatedly on the loops" until the .andwidth
of the entire networ9 is e;hausted! In this ase" nor/al ser0ies and o//uniation
e6uip/ent are affeted to a great e;tent! The uniast pa9ets are .roadast .efore the
e6uip/ent learns their destination 4-C addresses" whih also auses the .roadast
stor/!
4-C address ta.le flapping
In the ase of a .roadast stor/" a great nu/.er of pa9ets with the sa/e soure 4-C
address are .roadast to the loops and reah different ports on the opposite e6uip/ent!
This soure 4-C address is repeatedly learned and replaed on these ports! This proess
is alled the 4-C address ta.le flapping! 4ore loads are plaed on the e6uip/ent
.eause the e6uip/ent resoures are used for the unneessary address learning!
The differene .etween the &TP and 2&TP is as follows7
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The &TP .rea9s loops .y .lo9ing ertain ports!
The 2&TP is an opti/i8ed 0ersion of the &TP and i/ple/ents all the funtions of the
&TP! Cith the appliation of the 2&TP" the networ9 on0ergene is 6ui9er! In addition"
in the ase of a lin9 failure" the .lo9ed ports an .e ena.led to restore ser0ies 6ui9ly!
%+#0+% )asic Concepts
Cith the .ridge protool data units (=P,5s) trans/itted .etween .ridges" the &TP deter/ines
the root .ridge" root port" and root path ost to a0oid the for/ation of loops!
)PDU
Chen =P,5s are trans/itted .etween .ridges" the &TP deter/ines the topology struture of
the networ9! The =P,5 ontains ade6uate infor/ation that is re6uired to i/ple/ent the
alulation of the spanning tree!
The =P,5 is lassified into the following ategories7
Configuration =P,5 (C=P,5)
The C=P,5 refers to a pa9et that is used to alulate the spanning tree and /aintain
the spanning tree topology! The C=P,5 ontains the root .ridge I," root path ost"
designated .ridge I," designated port I," and related ti/ing infor/ation!
Topology hange notifiation =P,5 (TC' =P,5)
The TC' =P,5 refers to a pa9et that is used to notify the rele0ant e6uip/ent of the
networ9 topology hange!
)ride
- .ridge refers to a funtional unit that reali8es the interonnetion of two or /ore #-'s! The
.ridge supports the isolation of data with one 1#-' tag! The .ridge he9s the ontents of
the 1#-' tags in the data fra/es that enter the .ridge and perfor/s #ayer 2 swithing
aording to the destination 4-C addresses and 1#-' I,s of the data fra/es!
=ridge I,
- .ridge I, is used to identify a .ridge! The .ridge I, is B@-.it long! The /ost
signifiant 1B .its indiate the priority of the .ridge" and the least signifiant @* .its
indiate the 4-C address of the .ridge! In the &TP" the .ridge I, also indiates the
priority of the .ridge! The s/aller the 0alue of the .ridge I," the higher the priority!
Port I,
- port I, is used to identify a ertain port on a .ridge! The port I, is 1B-.it long! The
/ost signifiant eight .its indiate the priority of the port" and the least signifiant eight
.its indiate the port nu/.er! In the &TP" the port I, also indiates the priority of the
port! The s/aller the 0alue of the port I," the higher the priority!
Root )ride
In a networ9 that ena.les the &TP" only one root .ridge e;ists! The root .ridge is seleted
.ased on the running of the &TP! The .ridge with the s/allest .ridge I, is seleted as the root
.ridge! Chen a networ9 that ena.les the &TP is sta.ili8ed" the root .ridge trans/its the
C=P,5 periodially! $ther .ridges only transparently trans/it the C=P,5! This an ensure a
sta.le networ9 topology! If the networ9 topology is hanged" the root .ridge /ay also hange!
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Root Port
The root port refers to a port on the .ridge that trans/its fra/es to or reei0es fra/es fro/
the root .ridge! Dah non-root .ridge has only one root port! The root port is seleted .ased
on the running of the &TP! The port on a .ridge whose root path ost is s/allest is seleted as
the root port! If the root path ost of se0eral ports is s/allest" the port with the s/allest port
I, is seleted as the root port!
Desinated Port
The designated port refers to a port of a #-' that trans/its fra/es to or reei0es fra/es the
root .ridge! Dah #-' has only one designated port! The designated port is seleted .ased on
the running of the &TP! The port that is onneted to the #-' and whose root path ost is the
s/allest is seleted as the designated port! If se0eral ports ha0e the s/allest root path ost and
if these ports are on different .ridges" the port whose .ridge I, is s/allest is seleted as the
designated port! If se0eral ports whose root path ost is s/allest are on the sa/e .ridge" the
port with the s/allest port I, is seleted as the designated port!
Desinated )ride
The designated .ridge refers to the .ridge where the designated port resides! $ne designated
.ridge e;ists in eah #-'! The designated .ridge is seleted after the root port is deter/ined
.eause the designated port opies the infor/ation of the .ridge!
Path Cost
The path ost indiates the status of the networ9 that a ertain port is onneted to! The higher
the rate of the port" the s/aller the path ost!
Root path cost
The root path ost refers to the ost of the path fro/ a ertain port to the root .ridge! That is"
the root path ost 0alue is e6ual to the su/ of the path ost 0alues of all the ports that the path
fro/ this port to the root .ridge tra0erses!
Port State
+igure 2-112 shows the port states when the &TP is ena.led!
=lo9ing
- port in the .lo9ing state reei0es and proesses the =P,5 and does not trans/it the
=P,5! Chen a port is in the .lo9ing state" it neither learns the 4-C address nor
#istening
It is a transitional state! - port in the listening state trans/its" reei0es" and proesses the
=P,5! Chen a port is in the listening state" it neither learns the 4-C address nor
#earning
It is a transitional state! - port in this state trans/its" reei0es" and proesses the =P,5!
Chen a port is in the learning state" it learns the 4-C address .ut does not forward the
user pa9et!
+orwarding
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- port in the forwarding state trans/its" reei0es" and proesses the =P,5! Chen a port
is in the forwarding state" it learns the 4-C address and forwards the user pa9et!
,isa.led
- port in the disa.led state annot forward fra/es or i/ple/ent the spanning tree
algorith/ or &TP!
Figure 1.1 Port states in a networ9 where the &TP is ena.led
,istenin)
7(oc-in) ,earnin)
For%ar!in)
Disa$(e!
Disa$(e!
Disa$(e!
Disa$(e!
5na$(e!
-ording to the forwarding and learning /odes of ports" the disa.led" .lo9ing" learning states are
lassified as a disarding state in the 2&TP! Hene" three port states e;ist in the 2&TP" that is" learning"
forwarding" and disarding!
Timer
Port ti/ers are lassified into the following ategories7
Hold Ti/er
The hold ti/er is used to /easure the inter0al .etween two C=P,5 trans/issions! The
ti/eout 0alue is e6ual to the Hold Ti/e of the .ridge!
4essage -ge Ti/er
The /essage age ti/er is used to /easure the age of the C=P,5 reorded .y a port!
Chen the age of the C=P,5 stored .y the .ridge e;eeds the 4essage -ge para/eter"
the .ridge disards this C=P,5! The 4essage -ge para/eter deter/ines the
initiali8ation age when the C=P,5 is stored in the .ridge! The 4essage -ge para/eter
is 0 when the root .ridge generates the C=P,5! Dah ti/e when the pa9et is forwarded
to a port" a fi;ed inre/ent 0alue is added to the 4essage -ge para/eter!
+orward ,elay Ti/er
The forward delay ti/er is used to /easure the holding ti/e of a port in the listening
state and in the learning state! Chen the listening state re/ains for a period that is the
sa/e as the 0alue of the +orward ,elay para/eter" the port state is hanged to learning!
Chen the learning state lasts for a period that is the sa/e as the 0alue of the +orward
,elay para/eter" the port state is hanged to forwarding!
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=ridge ti/ers are lassified into the following ategories7
The hello ti/er is used to /easure the inter0al .etween two ti/es when a .ridge
trans/its C=P,5 pa9ets! The ti/eout 0alue is the =ridge Hello Ti/e of the .ridge!
Topology Change 'otifiation Ti/er
The topology hange notifiation ti/er indiates the duration for whih the .ridge
periodially trans/its the TC'! The ti/er is used to notify the designated .ridge (in the
#-' that is attahed to the root port of the .ridge) of any deteted topology hange! The
ti/eout 0alue is the =ridge Hello Ti/e of the .ridge!
Topology Change Ti/er
$n reei0ing the TC'" the root .ridge trans/its the TC' after the topology hange is
o/plete and the ti/e period indiated .y the topology hange ti/er elapses! The
ti/eout 0alue is the Topology Change Ti/e of the .ridge!
The 4a; -ge" Hello Ti/e" and +orward ,elay para/eters that are used .y different .ridges are unified
to the 0alues of the three para/eters that are used .y the root .ridge" with C=P,5s trans/itted .etween
these .ridges!
%+#0+& Availability
The &panning Tree Protool (&TP) and 2apid &panning Tree Protool (2&TP) funtions
re6uire the support the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00" 1100200BC00 and
later
i4anager 52000 1100200(C00" 1100200BC02 and
later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
D+&* 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
%+#0+0 Principles
The networ9 ad/inistrator an .lo9 networ9 ports .y ena.ling the &panning Tree Protool
(&TP) or 2apid &panning Tree Protool (2&TP) to .rea9 loops in the networ9 and to pre0ent
the ourrene of the .roadast stor/!
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%+#0+0+# STP Alorithm
The &TP algorith/ selets the root .ridge" root port" and designated port .y o/paring the
.ridge I, and root path ost in a loop networ9 and then reates the loop-free networ9!
In the initiali8ation state" all the ports on all the .ridges are in the listening state! In this ase"
eah port generates the C=P,5" and the C=P,5 onsiders the .ridge where the port resides
as the root .ridge and the root path ost 0alue is 0! Dah port trans/its the C=P,5
periodially" and the period is e6ual to the 0alue of the Hello Ti/e of the .ridge!
Chen the ti/e period indiated .y the +orward ,elay para/eter set for the listening state
ti/er of the port elapses" the root port and the designated port hange to the learning state!
Chen the learning state re/ains for a period that is the sa/e as the 0alue of the +orward
,elay para/eter" the root port and the designated port hange to the forwarding state! The
other ports hange to the .lo9ing state!
The .ridge o/pares the infor/ation of the C=P,5 that is reei0ed at the port with the
C=P,5 infor/ation that is stored .y that port! Then" the .ridge selets the root .ridge" root
port" and designated port to generate the spanning tree!
The .ridge o/pares C=P,5 infor/ation as follows7
1! The .ridge first o/pares the root .ridge I,s! The s/aller the I," the .etter!
2! If the root .ridge I,s are the sa/e" the .ridge o/pares the root path ost 0alues! The
s/aller 0alue the root path ost" the .etter!
3! If the root path ost 0alues are the sa/e" the .ridge o/pares the designated .ridge I,s!
Chen the designated .ridge I, is s/aller" the 6uality is .etter!
@! If the designated .ridge I,s are the sa/e" the .ridge o/pares the designated port I,s!
Chen the designated port I, is .etter" the 6uality is .etter!
If a trail .eo/es faulty" the root port on this trail no longer reei0es new C=P,5s!
Therefore" the original C=P,5 is disarded due to ti/eout! In this ase" the spanning tree is
o/puted again" and a new trail will .e generated to replae the faulty trail" thus restoring the
onneti0ity of the networ9!
The &TP algorith/ is onduted as follows7
1! &elet a root .ridge!
If the .ridge I, is the s/allest a/ong all the .ridges" this .ridge is seleted as the root
.ridge! The root .ridge sets the path ost of eah port to 0!
2! &elet a root port!
If the .ridge is a non-root .ridge" it onsiders the port that reei0es the .est C=P,5
infor/ation as the root port!
If the infor/ation a.out the C=P,5 that is reei0ed at the port is .etter" the .ridge
replaes the infor/ation a.out the C=P,5 that is originally stored .y the port! In
addition" the .ridge i/ple/ents the following funtions7
N The .ridge stores the infor/ation a.out the C=P,5 (inluding the root .ridge I,"
root path ost" /essage age" and orresponding ti/ers)!
N The .ridge updates the root .ridge I, and root path ost at the sa/e ti/e!
N The designated port updates the designated root .ridge and root path ost at the sa/e
ti/e!
N The designated port trans/its the C=P,5 to the other ports after updating the
C=P,5 infor/ation!
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If the infor/ation a.out the C=P,5 that is reei0ed at the port is worse than the
C=P,5 infor/ation that is originally stored .y the port" the .ridge diretly disards the
newly reei0ed C=P,5!
3! &elet a designated port!
If the .ridge is a non-root .ridge" it onsiders any of the following ports as the
designated port7
N The .ridge I, and port I, of a port are the sa/e as the designated .ridge I, and port
I, reorded .y the port!
N The root .ridge I, reorded .y the port is different fro/ the root .ridge I, of the
.ridge!
N The root path ost of a port is s/aller than the root path ost reorded .y the port!
N The root path ost of a port is the sa/e as the root path ost reorded .y the port" .ut
the .ridge I, is s/aller than the designated .ridge I, of the port!
N The root path ost 0alue of a port is the sa/e as the root path ost 0alue reorded .y
the port" and the .ridge I, is the sa/e as the designated .ridge I, of the port! The
port I," howe0er" is s/aller than the designated I, of the port!
%+#0+0+% STP Alorithm :9ample
This topi desri.es how the root .ridge" root port" designated .ridge" and designated port are
seleted in a loop networ9 with the &TP algorith/ onduted to for/ a loop-free networ9!
-s shown in +igure 2-113" .ridges -" =" and C are onneted to one another to for/ a loop!
+or the purpose of easy desription" ertain 0etors of the &TP algorith/ (inluding the root
.ridge I," root path ost 0alue" designated .ridge I," and designated port I,) are used to
define the ontents of the C=P,5 as follows!
2oot .ridge I,s are represented .y .ridge priorities" that is" 0" 1" and 2!
The path ost 0alues of these lin9s are @" (" and 10!
,esignated .ridge I,s orrespond to their respeti0e .ridges and are represented .y
.ridge priorities" that is" 0" 1" and 2!
Port I,s are represented .y the orresponding ports" suh as" -P1 and -P2!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of a loop networ9
7ri!)e .
:riorit#6 0
7ri!)e 7
:riorit#6 1
7ri!)e C
:riorit#6 2
.:1 .:2
7:1
7:2 C:2
C:1
5
B
10
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InitialiEation State
-ssu/e that eah .ridge is a root .ridge" path ost 0alue of eah lin9 is e6ual to 0" and eah
port is a root port! In this ase" the C=P,5 of eah port is onfigured as follows7
=ridge -
C=P,5 of -P1 (0" 0" 0" -P1)
C=P,5 of -P2 (0" 0" 0" -P2)
=ridge =
C=P,5 of =P1 (1" 0" 1" =P1)
C=P,5 of =P2 (1" 0" 1" =P2)
=ridge C
C=P,5 of CP1 (2" 0" 2" CP1)
C=P,5 of CP2 (2" 0" 2" CP2)
Selectin the )est C)PDU
Dah .ridge trans/its its C=P,5s! Chen reei0ing a C=P,5" the .ridge proesses the
C=P,5 as follows7
Chen a port reei0es a C=P,5 that has a lower priority than the onfigured C=P,5 of
the port" the .ridge disards the reei0ed C=P,5 and does not perfor/ any operations
on the port!
Chen a port reei0es a C=P,5 that has a higher priority than the onfigured C=P,5 of
the port" the .ridge replaes the originally onfigured ontents of the C=P,5 for the
port with the new ontents of the C=P,5 reei0ed! Then" the .ridge o/pares the
C=P,5 of the port with C=P,5s of other ports to selet the .est C=P,5!
The .ridge o/pares C=P,5s as follows7
1! The .ridge o/pares the root .ridge I,s! The s/aller the I," the .etter!
2! If the root .ridge I,s are the sa/e" the .ridge o/pares the root path ost 0alues! The
s/aller the root path ost 0alue" the .etter!
3! If the root path ost 0alues are the sa/e" the .ridge o/pares the designated .ridge I,s!
The s/aller the designated .ridge I," the .etter!
@! If the designated .ridge I,s are the sa/e" the .ridge o/pares the designated port I,s!
The s/aller the designated port I," the .etter!
Creatin a 5oop'-ree Net7or,
- loop-free networ9 is reated as follows7
- port on the .ridge that reei0es the .est C=P,5 is speified as the root port!
If the C=P,5 of a ertain port (e;ept for the root port) is updated in the proess of
seleting the .est C=P,5" the .ridge .lo9s the port and /aintains the C=P,5 of the
port! In this ase" the port does not forward data or trans/it the C=P,5! The port only
reei0es the C=P,5!
If the C=P,5 of a ertain port is not updated in the proess of seleting the .est
C=P,5" the .ridge speifies the port as the designated port! The C=P,5 of the port is
hanged as follows7
N The root .ridge I, is replaed with the root .ridge I, speified in the C=P,5 of the
root port!
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N The root path ost 0alue is replaed with the su/ of the root path ost 0alue speified
in the C=P,5 of the root port and the path ost 0alue of the root port!
N The designated .ridge I, is replaed with the I, of the .ridge where the port resides!
N The designated port I, is replaed with the I, of the port!
In this e;a/ple" eah .ridge undergoes the following o/parison proesses7
=ridge -
Chen port -P1 reei0es the C=P,5 fro/ .ridge =" .ridge - finds that the onfigured
C=P,5 of -P1 has a higher priority than the reei0ed C=P,5 and thus disards the
reei0ed C=P,5! The C=P,5 of port -P2 is proessed in a si/ilar way! =ridge - finds
that the C=P,5 of eah port on it speifies the root .ridge and designated .ridge as
.ridge -! Hene" .ridge - onsiders itself as the root .ridge" and the C=P,5 of eah
port re/ains unhanged! Conse6uently" eah port trans/its the C=P,5 periodially!
The C=P,5s of the two ports on .ridge - are as follows7
N C=P,5 of -P1 (0" 0" 0" -P1)
N C=P,5 of -P2 (0" 0" 0" -P2)
=ridge =
Chen port =P1 reei0es the C=P,5 fro/ .ridge -" the C=P,5 of port =P1 is updated
.eause the reei0ed C=P,5 has a higher priority than the onfigured C=P,5 of port
=P1!
Chen port =P2 reei0es the C=P,5 fro/ .ridge C" port =P2 disards the reei0ed
C=P,5 .eause the reei0ed C=P,5 has a lower priority than the onfigured C=P,5
of port =P2!
The C=P,5s of the two ports on .ridge = are as follows7
N C=P,5 of =P1 (0" 0" 0" =P1)
N C=P,5 of =P2 (1" 0" 1" =P2)
=ridge = o/pares C=P,5s of all the ports and selets the C=P,5 of port =P1 as the
.est C=P,5! Hene" .ridge = speifies port =P1 as the root port" and C=P,5s of all
the ports are updated as follows7
N The C=P,5 of the root port =P1 re/ains unhanged" that is" (0" 0" 0" -P1)!
N The C=P,5 of port =P2 is updated to (0" (" 1" =P2)!
The root .ridge I, is updated to the root .ridge I, speified in the .est C=P,5" that
is" 0! The root path ost 0alue is updated to (! The designated .ridge I, is updated to
the I, of the .ridge where the port resides! The designated port I, is updated to the
I, of port =P2!
-fter the updates" the designated ports on .ridge = trans/it their C=P,5s
periodially!
=ridge C
Port CP2 reei0es the C=P,5 (1" 0" 1" =P2) of port =P2 (that is not updated) fro/
.ridge = and then .ridge C triggers the update of the C=P,5! Then" the C=P,5 of port
CP2 is updated to (1" 0" 1" =P2)!
Port CP1 reei0es the C=P,5 (0" 0" 0" -P2) of port -P2 fro/ .ridge - and then .ridge
C triggers the update of the C=P,5! Then" the C=P,5 of portCP1 is updated to (0" 0" 0"
-P2)!
-fter a o/parison" the C=P,5 of port CP1 is seleted as the .est C=P,5 and port
CP1 is seleted as the root port! The C=P,5 of port CP1 re/ains unhanged! Port CP2
is .lo9ed" and the C=P,5 of port CP2 re/ains unhanged! In addition" port CP2 does
not reei0e the data fro/ .ridge = (e;ept for the &TP pa9et) until the spanning tree
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alulation is triggered in the ase of a new ondition! +or e;a/ple" the port reei0es a
.etter C=P,5!
Then" port CP2 reei0es the updated C=P,5 (0" (" 1" =P2) fro/ .ridge =! This C=P,5
is of .etter 6uality than the original .est C=P,5! Hene" .ridge C triggers the update of
the C=P,5" and the C=P,5 is updated to (0" (" 1" =P2)!
Port CP1 reei0es the C=P,5 fro/ .ridge -" and the C=P,5 of port CP1 re/ains
unhanged!
=ridge C o/pares the C=P,5s of ports CP1 and CP2! The root .ridge I,s of the two
ports are the sa/e! The root path ost 0alue (@ L ( K A) of port CP2 is less than the root
path ost 0alue of port CP1 (10)! Hene" the C=P,5 of port CP2 is seleted as the .est
C=P,5! Port CP2 is seleted as the root port" and the C=P,5 of port CP2 re/ains
unhanged! Port CP1 is thus .lo9ed" and its C=P,5 does not hange! In addition" port
CP1 does not reei0e the data fro/ .ridge - (e;ept for the &TP pa9et) until the
spanning tree alulation is triggered in the ase of a new ondition!
&ee +igure 2-11@! =ridge - is the root .ridge! =P1 is the root port of .ridge =" and =P2 is the
designated port of .ridge =! The root port CP2 and designated port CP1 of .ridge C are
.lo9ed! In this ase" a loop-free networ9 is reated!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of a loop-free networ9
7ri!)e .
:riorit#6 0
7ri!)e 7
:riorit#6 1
7ri!)e C
:riorit#6 2
.:1
7:1
7:2
C:2
5
B
%+#0+0+& Improvement in the RSTP
The port role and port state are i/pro0ed in the 2&TP .ased on the &TP algorith/! The 2&TP
supports the 6ui9 /igration of port states!
The 2&TP is i/pro0ed as follows7
Classifiation of port roles
The port roles in the 2&TP are lassified into the following ategories7 root port"
designated port" alternate port" and .a9up port! The alternate port refers to a port that is
.lo9ed due to the learning of the =P,5 trans/itted .y other .ridges! The .a9up port
refers to a port that is .lo9ed due to the learning of the =P,5 trans/itted .y the .ridge
where the port resides!
Classifiation of port states
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The .lo9ing" listening" and disa.led states are lassified as a disarding state in the
2&TP!
Eui9 /igration of port states
To support the 6ui9 /igration of port states" the 2&TP defines the point-to-point
attri.ute of ports and edge port!
N Point-to-point attri.ute
The point-to-point attri.ute of ports an .e set to adapti0e onnetion" shared /edia"
or lin9 onnetion! If the attri.ute of a port is set to adapti0e onnetion" the port
supports 6ui9 state /igration in the ase of a full-duple; port or a 1CT25'G port!
If the attri.ute of a port is set to lin9 onnetion" the port supports the 6ui9 state
/igration! If the attri.ute of a port is set to shared /edia" the port does not support
the state /igration!
N Ddge port
The edge port refers to the .ridge port that is onneted only to the #-'! If the port
role of this edge port is a designated port" the atual port state an .e 6ui9ly
/igrated!
-ording to port roles" the 6ui9 /igration of port states are lassified into 6ui9 /igration
of the root port states" 6ui9 /igration of the designated port states" and 6ui9 /igration of
the .a9up port states and the alternate port states!
Eui9 /igration of the root port states
The state of a root port that does not funtion as the .a9up port reently (that is" in a
reent period that is less than twie of the Hello Ti/e) /igrates to the forwarding state
without any delay! In addition" this root port ena.les the state of the designated port that
funtions as the root port reently (that is" in a reent period that is less than +orward
,elay) to /igrate to the disarding state!
Eui9 /igration of the designated port states
If an edge port funtions as a designated port" the port state /igrates to the forwarding
state without any delay! The designated port whose atual point-to-point attri.ute is
?True? an reali8e 6ui9 /igration of port states through rapid swithing .etween the
re6uest proess and response proess!
Eui9 /igration of the alternate port and the .a9up port states
The states of the alternate port and the .a9up port /igrate to the forwarding state
without any delay!
%+#0+2 Net7or,in and Application
Chen loops for/ in the Dthernet ser0ie networ9" ena.le the &panning Tree Protool (&TP) or
2apid &panning Tree Protool (2&TP)!
The &TP is used in networ9 loops! This protool reali8es routing redundany .y adopting a
ertain algorith/ and .rea9s the loop networ9 into a loop-free tree networ9" therefore
pre0enting the pa9ets fro/ inreasing and yling in an endless /anner in the loop networ9!
The &TP /eets the following re6uire/ents7
Configures any ati0ated topology of any .ridge to a single spanning tree! 2e/o0es
redundant data loops if there is any .etween two stations in the networ9 topology!
2e-onfigures the spanning tree topology in the ase of a .ridge fault or a route
interruption" therefore pro0iding protetionI pre0ents te/porary data loops .y
auto/atially aepting the .ridges and ports of the .ridges that are newly added into the
#-'!
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&ta.ili8es the ati0ated topology 6ui9ly!
The finally ati0ated topology an .e predia.le and reprodui.le! In addition" the
topology an .e seleted .y /anaging ertain para/eters of the algorith/!
$perations are transparent to the end stations! +or e;a/ple" the end stations are unaware
of their attah/ent to a single #-' or a .ridged #-'!
- s/all part of the a0aila.le lin9 .andwidth is used to reate or /aintain the spanning
tree" and the .andwidth does not inrease with the e;panding networ9 sale!
The 2&TP is an opti/i8ed 0ersion of the &TP! Co/pared with the &TP" the 2&TP an sta.ili8e
the networ9 topology in a shorter ti/e! The 2&TP is o/pati.le with the &TP! They an .e
identified .y the .ridge that uses the 2&TP for alulating the spanning tree!
%+#0+4 Con6urin the Spannin Tree
Oou an onfigure the spanning tree to a0oid possi.le .roadast stor/s of Dthernet ser0ies!
PrereBuisites
The Dthernet #-' ser0ies /ust .e onfigured!
Precautions
&etting .ridge para/eters /ay interrupt the ser0ie!
Procedure
+ast Configuration
1! In the 'D D;plorer" selet an Dthernet data .oard and hoose Cofiguratio > !a/er.2
%witc$ig Maagemet > %-aig Tree fro/ the +untion Tree!
2! Cli9 the )rotocol Eable ta. to display the interfae for onfiguring the protool
ena.ling state! &elet a ser0ie" and li9 Fast cofig to display the Fast cofig dialog
.o;!
3! &et )rotocol Eabled" )rotocol T/-e" Bridge )riorit/" and )ort )riorit/!
@! Cli9 OK to o/plete the settings!
The /ethod of fast onfiguration is reo//ended!
'or/al Configuration
1! In the 'D D;plorer" selet a .oard and hoose Cofiguratio > !a/er.2 %witc$ig
Maagemet > %-aig Tree fro/ the +untion Tree!
2! Cli9 the )rotocol Eabled ta. and set )rotocol Eabled to Eabled! &elet a protool
type as re6uired and li9 A--l/ to o/plete the settings and li9 OK in the dialog .o;
that is displayed! Cli9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed
indiating that the operation was suessful!
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3! Cli9 the Bridge )arameters ta. and set para/eters suh as )riorit/! Cli9 A--l/ to
o/plete the settings!
@! Cli9 the )ort )arameters ta. and set para/eters suh as )riorit/! Cli9 A--l/ to
o/plete the settings!
The priority 0alue of the port with the s/allest 4-C address should .e s/aller than the priority 0alues
of other ports! That is" the priority inreases as the 0alue dereases!
(! O-tioal= To 0iew the .ridge details" li9 the Bridge 2uig 1formatio ta.!
B! O-tioal= To 0iew the 1= port details" li9 the )ort 2uig 1formatio ta.!
3! O-tioal= To 0iew and set the point-to-point attri.ute of port details" li9 the )oit to
)oit Attributes ta.!
....Ed
%+#0+* Relevant Alarms and :vents
There are no alar/ or perfor/ane e0ent that is related to the &TP and 2&TP feature!
%+#0+1 STPARSTP Con6uration Parameters
The e6uip/ent supports the &TP and 2&TP funtions to prune the redundant parts fro/ a ring
networ9" thus pre0enting loop pro.le/s and .roadast stor/s!
%+#0+1+# Protocol .anaement
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for starting the &TP and 0alidating the
spanning tree! - reset an also .e perfor/ed on the spanning tree!
Ta.le 2-B( lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring the &TP or 2&TP!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring the &TP or 2&TP
=oard +or e;a/ple7 @-D+&* ,isplays the .oard!
1= +or e;a/ple7 1-1 ,isplays the 1=!
Protool Dna.led Dna.led" ,isa.led
)rotocol Eabled (%-aig Tree)
indiates whether the spanning tree
protool is ena.led on the 1=!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter the protool is ena.led" and
when the o/putation of the
spanning tree is perfor/ed aording
to the protool type (&TP)2&TP)" the
networ9 topology hanges and
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ser0ies are interrupted te/porarily!
)arameters
the 1= is reated and )rotocol T/-e
is seleted!
NOTE
The rapid spanning tree protool (2&TP)
an reali8e all the funtions of the
spanning tree! &i/ilar to the &TP" the
2&TP a0oids te/porary loops! ,ifferent
fro/ the &TP" the 2&TP shortens the
ti/e delay at the ports fro/ .lo9ing to
forwarding" restores the networ9
onneti0ity /ore rapidly" and pro0ides
.etter ser0ies!
Protool Type &TP" 2&TP
,efault 0alue7 2&TP
)rotocol T/-e (%-aig Tree)
indiates that the Dthernet data .oard
of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
supports two spanning tree protools"
that is" the spanning tree protool
(&TP) and the rapid spanning tree
Protool (2&TP)!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If this para/eter is hanged
inorretly" a networ9 topology
osillation /ay our and ser0ies
are se0erely affeted!
The 2&TP and &TP an .e
onfigured at the sa/e ti/e! The
2&TP is o/pati.le with the &TP! It
is reo//ended that you use the
default 0alue 2&TP!
%+#0+1+% Con6urin a V)
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for onfiguring a 1= and /eeting the
re6uire/ents of running the &TP!
Ta.le 2-BB lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring a 1=!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring a 1=
=oard +or e;a/ple7 @-D+&* ,isplays the na/e of the .oard!
1= +or e;a/ple7 1-1 ,isplays the I, and na/e of the 1=!
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Priority 0-B((3(" in step length
of @0AB
1= )riorit/ (Bridge )arameters) indiates
the fi;ed para/eters of the .ridge" used for
seleting the role of the .ridge and o/puting
the topology of the spanning tree! -s the 0alue
of the para/eter dereases" the 1= priority
inreases and the .ridge is /ore li9ely to .e
seleted as a root .ridge!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
Changing the 0alue of )riorit/ /ay affet the
seletion of a root .ridge" whih /ay finally
affet the entire networ9 topology!
&et this para/eter aording to what role the
user e;pets the .ridge to play in the spanning
tree topology!
4-C -ddress +or e;a/ple7 02-(@-1--
0+--,-@B
Indiates the 4-C address of the .ridge! The
4-C address is a part of the .ridge I,!
2oot Port +or e;a/ple7 1 Indiates the root port!
,esignated
2oot =ridge
Priority
+or e;a/ple7 1 &peifies the priority of the root .ridge!
,esignated
2oot =ridge
4-C -ddress
+or e;a/ple7 02-(@-1--
0+--,-@B
&peifies the 4-C address of the root .ridge!
2oot Path Cost 0 to B1@@0 Indiates the path ost of the root port! This
para/eter is used for o/puting a networ9
topology! Dah .ridge has the root path ost!
The root path ost of the root .ridge is e6ual
to 0! In the ase of non-root .ridges" the root
path ost of eah .ridge is e6ual to the su/ of
path ost 0alues of eah port on the other
.ridges that a non-root .ridge passes when the
.ridge reei0es the fra/e fro/ the root .ridge
along the /ini/u/ ost path! The path ost of
eah port an .e /anaged!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The root path ost an deter/ine the
designated .ridge and the ser0ie flow in the
&TP!
There are no priniples for setting the 0alue of
this para/eter .eause this para/eter is used
for 6uerying!
4a; -ge(s) B to @0 &peifies the /a;i/u/ life yle of a
/essage!
Oou need to enter a 0alue on the .asis of the
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following re6uire/ent7 2 ; (>ello Time L 1)
W Max Age W 2 ; (Forward ,ela/ -1)!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If the /essage aging ti/e e;eeds the
/a;i/u/ aging ti/e of the /essage" the
reei0ed /essage is disarded and the port
that reei0es the /essage .eo/es a
designated port!
Chen you set the 0alue of this para/eter"
ensure that the following re6uire/ent is /et7
2 ; (Hello Ti/e L 1) W 4a; -ge W 2 ;
(+orward ,elay - 1)
This para/eter is related to the >ello Time
and Forward ,ela/ para/eters! +or details"
refer to the priniples for setting these
para/eters!
Hello Ti/e(s) 1 to 10 &peifies the inter0al for trans/itting hello
pa9ets!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
This para/eter ensures the sta.le operation of
the &TP!
2 ; (Hello Ti/e L 1) W 4a; -ge W 2 ;
(+orward ,elay - 1)
This para/eter is related to the Max Age and
Forward ,ela/ para/eters! +or details" refer
to the priniples for setting these para/eters!
+orward
,elay(s)
@ to 30 &peifies the state transition delay ti/e of a
port!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The restoration ti/e of the ser0ie fro/ the
learning state to the forwarding state is
affeted!
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2 ; (Hello Ti/e L 1) W 4a; -ge W 2 ;
(+orward ,elay - 1)!
This para/eter is related to the >ello Time
and Max Age para/eters! +or details" refer to
the priniples for setting these para/eters!
44 -I$ - &peifies the inre/ent of the /a;i/u/
aging ti/e of a /essage on the .ridge!
NOTE
$pti% $&' ((0 e6uip/ent does not support this
para/eter!
T;HoldCount(
per seond)
1 to 10 &peifies the nu/.er of the =P,5 pa9ets
that an .e trans/itted eah seond on the 1=
port!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
This para/eter ensures that the nu/.er of the
=P,5 pa9ets trans/itted within a period of
hello ti/e does not e;eed the preset 0alue!
re6uire/ent of the user! It is reo//ended
that you use the default 0alue!
Hold Count +or e;a/ple7 B ,isplays the ount of the trans/ission hold
atte/pts!
The >old Cout para/eter indiates the
/a;i/u/ nu/.er of =P,5s that are atually
trans/itted within a period of hello ti/e!
%+#0+1+& Port 3peration and .anaement
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for 6uerying the urrent 0alues of ertain
para/eters of the &TP ports! These para/eters inlude the operating status para/eters and the
onfiguration para/eters!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for port operation and /anage/ent
Port +or e;a/ple7 'DA-1-
D+&*-1=1-1
Port I, +or e;a/ple7 1 The )ort 1, para/eter ontains 1B .its" whih
show the port priority and the uni6ue port
nu/.er in the .ridge! The first eight .its indiate
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the port priority" and the later eight .its indiate
the port nu/.er! The port I, represents the
priority in the spanning tree! If the 0alue of the
port I, is s/aller" the port priority in the .ridge
is higher! To ena.le the 2&TP to .e o/pati.le
with the &TP" the port priority is represented .y
eight .its" of whih the later four .its are 0 for
easy /anage/ent!
Oou an hange the para/eter 0alue .y setting

the port priority! In this ase" howe0er" the
topology of the spanning tree /ay .e
rearranged!
If the port priority is s/aller" the port I, is

s/aller! Chen the port priorities are the sa/e"
the port I, is s/aller if the port nu/.er is
s/aller!
Port &tatus ,isarding" #earning"
+orwarding
,efault 0alue7
,isarding
,isplays the state of the port!
Port Path
Cost
1 to 200000000 The )ort )at$ Cost para/eter is used for
o/putation of the spanning tree state /ahine!
=ased on the port path ost" you an o/pute the
root path ost at the port of the swith! Dah
.ridge has a root path ost" na/ely" the ost of
the path fro/ the root .ridge to the loal .ridge!
The path ost of eah port an .e set through the
/anage/ent /odule! +or a root .ridge" the root
path ost is 0!
,esignated
Port I,
+or e;a/ple7 1 ,isplays the I, of the designated port!
,esignated
2oot =ridge
Priority
0-B((3(
The ,esigated 2oot Bridge )riorit/
para/eter indiates the priority of the root .ridge
that is seleted .ased on the &TP! The seletion is
.ased on the .ridge I,s in a networ9! - .ridge
I, onsists of the priority and 4-C address of
the .ridge! The .ridge whose I, is the s/allest is
seleted as the root .ridge in this networ9!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
This para/eter is used for 6uerying! It indiates
the priority of the urrent root .ridge and /ay
hange in the ase of a spanning tree topology
hange!
There are no speifi priniples for setting the
0alue of this para/eter .eause this para/eter is
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used for 6uerying!
,esignated
2oot =ridge
4-C -ddress
+or e;a/ple7 02-(@-
1--0+--,-@B
The ,esigated Bridge MAC Address
para/eter indiates the 4-C address of a
.ridge!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The 4-C address of a .ridge affets the priority
of the .ridge!
It is reo//ended that you use the default 0alue!
,esignated
Path Cost
1-B((3( The ,esigated )at$ Cost para/eter is
applia.le to the port and is used for the state
/ahine alulation of the spanning tree!
Oou an li9 Ta.le 2-BA to display the detailed
infor/ation!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
This para/eter affets the alulation of the root
path ost .ased on the &TP and hene affets the
ser0ie flow in the spanning tree!
If the port rate is greater" the designed path ost
is s/aller! It is reo//ended that you use the
default 0alue!
,esignated
=ridge
Priority
0-B1@@0
The ,esigated Bridge )riorit/ para/eter
indiates the priority of eah .ridge during the
seletion of the root .ridge .ased on the &TP!
The .ridge priority is a part of the .ridge I,! -
.ridge I, onsists of the .ridge priority and
4-C address of the .ridge! The .ridge whose
I, is the s/allest is seleted as the root .ridge in
the networ9
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If the priority of a .ridge is higher" the
pro.a.ility is higher that the .ridge is seleted as
the root .ridge!
If the 0alue of the para/eter is s/aller" the
priority of the .ridge is higher! &et this para/eter
aording to the atual networ9 ondition!
,esignated
=ridge 4-C
-ddress
+or e;a/ple7 02-(@-
1--0+--,-@B
The ,esigated Bridge MAC Address
para/eter indiates the 4-C address of a
.ridge!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
The 4-C address of a .ridge affets the priority
of the .ridge!
Copyright Huawei
12B(
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It is reo//ended that you use the default 0alue!
Topology
,etetion
Dna.led" ,isa.led Indiates whether the topology hange is
deteted on the port!
Ddge Port
&tatus
Dna.led" ,isa.led
,efault 0alue7
,isa.led
The Edge )ort %tatus para/eter speifies
whether a .ridge port is an edge port! Ddge ports
are diretly onneted to the ter/inal e6uip/ent
and are no longer onneted to any .ridges! This
para/eter is i/portant in the 2&TP! The status of
these ports does not affet the onneti0ity of the
entire networ9" and does not ause any loops!
Hene" these ports an enter the forwarding state
without any delay after the .ridge starts!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
-fter this para/eter is ena.led" on0ergene
ti/e of the 2&TP is redued and thus the
relia.ility of the syste/ is i/pro0ed!
The user an set this para/eter aording to the
networ9 topology to redue the delay in the ase
of a state /igration of the networ9 edge port!
2unning
Ti/e(s)
+or e;a/ple7 0 ,isplays the running ti/e of the topology!
Point to Point
-ttri.utes
-dapti0e onnetion"
&hared /edia" #in9
onnetion
,efault 0alue7
-dapti0e onnetion
The )oit to )oit Attributes 3Exteral
Et$eret )ort Attributes4 para/eter speifies
the /ode of onneting Dthernet ports to the
e;ternal e6uip/ent! -ording to this para/eter"
the spanning tree protool (&TP) deides whether
to rapidly transit the port state fro/ disarding to
forwarding!
-dapti0e onnetion7 If the port is a full-

duple; port or a 1CT25'G port" and if the
port has the point-to-point attri.ute" the port
state an .e transited rapidly!
&hared /edia7 If the port has the non-point-to-

point attri.ute" the port state annot .e
transited rapidly!
#in9 onnetion7 If the port has the point-to-

point attri.ute" the port state an .e transited
rapidly!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If the onnetion is in shared /edia /ode and if
the port is not defined as an edge port" the &TP
annot rapidly transit the port state! -fter the
&TP updates the networ9 topology" the ser0ie
restoration ti/e .eo/es longer!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
If the port onnetion /ode is 9nown" selet
%$ared media or !i* coectio! $therwise"
selet Ada-ti&e coectio!
Table 1.2 Para/eters for port
Port 'D na/e-slot nu/.er-.oard
na/e-port nu/.er(port na/e)
Port I,!
Priority 0-2@0" in step length of 1B
,efault7 12*
The )riorit/ para/eter is the 9ey
part of the port I, for the
spanning tree feature of! The port
I, onsists of the port priority and
the uni6ue port nu/.er in the
.ridge! The port nu/.er is fi;ed
and annot .e set! The port I,
ontains 1B .its" of whih the first
eight .its indiate the port priority
and the later eight .its indiate the
port nu/.er!
Port Path Cost 1-200000000 5sed for alulating networ9
topology!
Topology ,etetion Dna.led" ,isa.led &ets whether the port tests
topology hange!
&tatus ,isarding" +orwarding"
#earning
,efault7 +orwarding
The %tatus para/eter speifies
that a .ridge port proesses the
data pa9ets .ased on the port
status o/puted .y the spanning
tree protool!
-d/in Ddge
-ttri.ute
Dna.led" ,isa.led
,efault7 ,isa.led
Ddge ports are diretly onneted
to the ter/inal e6uip/ent and are
not onneted to any .ridge in a
networ9! The -d/in Ddge
-ttri.ute para/eter is i/portant in
the 2&TP! The status of these ports
does not affet the topology of the
entire networ9" and does not result
in any loop! Hene" after the
.ridge protool is ena.led" these
ports an hange to the forwarding
status without any delay!
Protool Dna.led Dna.led" ,isa.led
,efault7 ,isa.led
Dna.les or disa.les the protool!
Copyright Huawei
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-uto Ddge
,etetion
Dna.led" ,isa.led Dna.les or disa.les a logial port
to auto/atially detet the edge!
Port 2ule ,isa.led" 2oot" ,esignated"
-lternate" =a9up
,efault7 ,isa.led
,isplays the role of the port that
supports the spanning tree
funtion!
In atual appliations" the
o/.ination of )ort 2ule and
%tatus helps 6ui9ly loate and
analy8e a pro.le/!
Table 1.( 2eo//ended 0alues of the port path ost
Parameter 5in, Speed Recommen
ded value
Recommen
ded rane
Rane
Path Cost ZK100 G.)s 200000000 20000000-
200000000
1-200000000
1 4.)s 20000000 2000000-
200000000
1-200000000
10 4.)s 2000000 200000-
20000000
1-200000000
100 4.)s 200000 20000-2000000 1-200000000
1 <.)s 20000 2000-200000 1-200000000
10 <.)s 2000 200-20000 1-200000000
100 <.)s 200 20-2000 1-200000000
1 T.)s 20 2-200 1-200000000
10 T.)s 2 1-20 1-200000000
%+#2 Data Test -rame
The data test fra/e is used to test the onneti0ity status of the networ9 at the &,H side that
.ears Dthernet ser0ies!
%+#2+# Introduction
The test fra/e is a data pa9et that is used to test the onneti0ity status of the networ9 on the
&,H side that trans/its Dthernet ser0ies! The test fra/e is /ainly used for o//issioning
Dthernet ser0ies or loating Dthernet ser0ie faults!
Configuring test fra/es does not affet ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
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The test fra/e funtion o/plies with the Huawei internal standard" and an .e trans/itted
and reei0ed only .etween 1CT25'G ports!
To ensure the nor/al use of test fra/es" the .earer /odes of the interonneted .oards /ust
.e the sa/e!
)earer .odes
The .earer /ode indiates the enapsulation for/at of a test fra/e! ,ifferent .earer /odes
orrespond to different test fra/es! If the .earer /ode of the reei0ed test fra/e is different
fro/ the .earing /ode at the reei0e end" the test fra/e is disarded diretly" without .eing
proessed!
- pa9et using the Dthernet .earer /ode adopts the for/at of an Dthernet pa9et! The
trans/ission path of a pa9et that is onstruted .y the CP5 is the sa/e as that of a
nor/al Dthernet pa9et!
- pa9et using the <+P .earer /ode adopts the for/at of a <+P fra/e" and the
trans/ission path is the sa/e as that of a <+P fra/e!
If a 1CT25'G port using the Dthernet /ode reei0es a test fra/e in <+P for/at" the
port does not proess the test fra/e!
Transmit .ode
The trans/it /ode is a0aila.le in three types7 Cotiue" Burst" and ,isable!
The Cotiue /ode indiates that test fra/es are ontinuously trans/itted"
appro;i/ately one per seond!
The Burst /ode indiates a .urst test! - speified nu/.er of test fra/es are trans/itted
at an inter0al of appro;i/ately one seond!
The ,isable /ode indiates that trans/itting test fra/es is disa.led!
The trans/it diretion is in the &,H diretion only!
If the assoiated .oards support /ore than one .earer /ode" ensure that the .earer /odes are
the sa/e at the two ends!
%+#2+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools with whih the test fra/e funtion is
o/pliant!
The test fra/e funtion is o/pliant with Huawei proprietary protools and standards!
%+#2+0 Availability
The test fra/e funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and
software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00 and later
Copyright Huawei
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!ard7are Support
)oard )earer .ode Applicable
:Buipment
Version
Applicable
:Buipment
D+&* Dthernet .earer
/ode" <+P .earer
/ode
11002003C00 and
later
$pti% $&' ((0
D<T1 <+P /ode 11002003C00 and
later
$pti% $&' ((0
D<&@ <+P /ode 11002003C00 and
later
$pti% $&' ((0
%+#2+2 Net7or,in and Application
Trans/ission networ9s are lassified into the aess networ9 and ser0ie networ9 aording
to ser0ie aess and trans/ission! ,uring Dthernet ser0ie o//issioning or Dthernet
ser0ie fault loation" the test fra/e an .e used to test the onneti0ity of the &,H lin9 on
the ser0ie networ9!
The .andwidth used for trans/itting the test fra/es is less and an .e ignored! The trans/it
/ode and nu/.er of test fra/es are onfigura.le!
+igure 2-11( shows that test fra/es an .e trans/itted .etween the ad:aent nodes to loate a
fault" when the Dthernet ser0ie .etween 2outer 1 and 2outer 2 is una0aila.le! The wor9ing
proess of the test fra/e is as follows7
1! The 1CT25'G port of the data .oard on 'D1 trans/its a test fra/e to the 1CT25'G
port of the data .oard on 'D2!
2! -fter reei0ing the test fra/e" 'D2 trans/its .a9 a response fra/e!
3! 'D1 ounts the nu/.er of trans/itted test fra/es and reei0ed test fra/es" ena.ling
users to deter/ine the 6uality of the ser0ie networ9!
N In the ase of .idiretional ser0ies" the ser0ie networ9 is regarded to .e nor/al
when the trans/it end of the test fra/e reei0es a response fra/e!
N In the ase of unidiretional ser0ies" the ser0ie networ9 is regarded to .e nor/al
when the trans/it end of the test fra/e reei0es a test fra/e!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 -ppliation of the test fra/e
OptiA NE
>.C VC'R0NP
3oar#
>.C
3oar#
.ccess net%or- Ser/ice net%or- .ccess net%or-
NE&
NE$
VC'R0NP
'est fra"e
Response fra"e
0outer &
0outer $
%+#2+4 Con6urin Test -rames
Chen using the test fra/es to he9 whether the &,H lin9 is nor/al" onfigure para/eters
suh as the send /ode and send diretion for the 1CT25'G port that initiates the test at the
trans/it end! Then" deter/ine whether the &,H lin9 is nor/al aording to the test result!
PrereBuisites
The 1CT25'G port to .e tested /ust .e .ound with a0aila.le ti/eslots!
The ross-onnetion fro/ the 1CT25'G port to the &,H side /ust .e onfigured!
The two interonneted ends /ust support the sa/e .earer /ode!
The send /ode ontains three /odes" na/ely" Cotiue" Burst" and ,isable!
The Cotiue /ode indiates that test fra/es are ontinuously trans/itted at a
fre6ueny of one per seond!
The Burst /ode indiates a .urst test! - speified nu/.er of test fra/es are trans/itted
at an inter0al of a.out one seond!
The ,isable /ode indiates that trans/itting test fra/es is disa.led!
The send diretion is in the &,H diretion only!
Copyright Huawei
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Procedure
2ight-li9 the 'D ion on the 4ain Topology! Choose NE Ex-lorer!
Step # &elet the orresponding Dthernet data .oard in the $.:et Tree!
Step % Choose Cofiguratio > Et$eret Maiteace > Et$eret Test fro/ the +untion Tree! !
Step & Configure the 1CT25'G port that initiates the test!
The interfae of setting the Burst /ode is as follows7
The interfae of setting the Cotiue /ode is as follows7
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation was
suessful!
Step 2 Perfor/ the following operations aording to the ser0ie type7
(In the ase of .idiretional ser0ies) Cli9 +uer/" and he9 whether the nu/.er of
reei0ed response fra/es is e6ual to the nu/.er of trans/itted test fra/es! If the nu/.er
of reei0ed response fra/es is e6ual to the nu/.er of trans/itted test fra/es" the &,H
lin9 is nor/al!
(In the ase of unidiretional ser0ies) Che9 the nu/.er of reei0ed test fra/es at the
reei0e end! If the nu/.er of reei0ed test fra/es is e6ual to the nu/.er of trans/itted
test fra/es" the &,H lin9 is nor/al!
....Ed
%+#2+* Troubleshootin
Chen the test fra/e annot funtion nor/ally" refer to the following fault desription and
handling proess to resol0e the issue!
-ault Description
The test fra/e annot funtion nor/ally!
Possible Cause
1! The 1CT25'G port on whih the funtion of test fra/e is ena.led is not .ound with
ti/eslots!
2! The ti/eslots of the 1CT25'G ports at the two interonneted ends are inonsistent!
3! The .earing /odes of the 1CT25'G ports at the two interonneted ends are
inonsistent!
Copyright Huawei
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Procedure
Possi.le ause 17 The 1CT25'G port on whih the test fra/e funtion is ena.led is not .ound with ti/eslots!
the 'D D;plorer!
2! Cli9 the Boud )at$ ta. under 1teral )ort! Cli9 +uer/! Chen the Cofirm dialog
.o; is displayed" li9 OK! Chen the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" li9
Close! In this /anner" you an he9 whether the 1CT25'G port on whih the test
fra/e funtion needs to .e ena.led is .ound with ti/eslots!
Step # Possi.le ause 27 The 1CT25'G ports at the two interonneted ends are .ound with
different ti/eslots!
the 'D D;plorer!
2! Cli9 the Boud )at$ ta. under 1teral )ort! Cli9 +uer/! Chen the Cofirm dialog
.o; is displayed" li9 OK! Chen the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" li9
Close! In this /anner" you an he9 whether the 1CT25'G ports at the two
interonneted ends are .ound with the sa/e ti/eslots!
Step % Possi.le ause 37 The test fra/e .earer /odes of the 1CT25'G ports at the two
interonneted ends are inonsistent!
1! Choose Cofiguratio > Et$eret Maiteace > Et$eret Test fro/ the 'D
D;plorer! In this /anner" you an he9 whether the .earer /odes of the loal
1CT25'G port and the opposite 1CT25'G port are onsistent!
2! Cli9 Bearer Mode in the right pane! Chen the Bearer Mode window is displayed"
selet the 1CT25'G port that needs to .e 6ueried in )ort! Cli9 +uer/ and he9
whether the test fra/e .earer /odes of the 1CT25'G ports at the two interonneted
ends are onsistent!
....Ed
%+#2+1 Relevant Alarms and :vents
There are no alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are related to the test fra/e!
%+#2+/ Test -rame Con6uration Parameters
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for the test .ased on the test fra/e funtion!
Ta.le 2-30 lists the para/eters that are used for onfiguring test fra/es!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring test fra/es
Port &lot I,-=oard 'a/e-
Port 'o!(Port 'a/e)
+or e;a/ple7 @-D+&*-
1CT25'G1
,isplays the na/e of the internal port!
&end 4ode ,isa.led" =urst 4ode"
Continue 4ode
%ed Mode(Et$eret Test) is used to set
the test fra/e and the trans/it /ode of the
test fra/e! The test fra/e is used for
Copyright Huawei
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,efault 0alue7 ,isa.led si/ulating pa9et trans/ission to he9
,isa.led7 Indiates the test is not

perfor/ed!
=urst 4ode7 Indiates that the syste/

trans/its a test fra/e e0ery one seond!
The test ends after a speified nu/.er of
test fra/es are trans/itted!
Continue 4ode7 Indiates that the syste/

ontinuously trans/its test fra/es with a
fre6ueny of 1 fra/e per seond!
&et this para/eter aording to the
re6uire/ents of the test!
To perfor/ the test ontinuously" set the

para/eter to Cotiue Mode!
To stop the test" set the para/eter to

,isabled!
&end ,iretion &,H ,iretion" )
,efault 0alue7 )
%ed ,irectio (Et$eret Test) indiates
the trans/it diretion of the test pa9et!
This para/eter is 0alid and displayed as
%,> ,irectio only when %ed Mode is
set to Burst Mode or Cotiue Mode! This
para/eter is displayed as 0 when %ed
Mode is set to ,isabled!
+ra/es to &end 0-2((
,efault 0alue7 0
Frames to %ed indiates the nu/.er of
test pa9ets to .e trans/itted! Cith this
para/eter ena.led" the syste/ trans/its a
test pa9et at the inter0als of ertain period
of ti/e until the nu/.er of trans/itted test
pa9ets reahes the speified 0alue!
The user an set the nu/.er of test pa9ets
to .e trans/itted as re6uired!
This para/eter is 0alid only when %ed
Mode is set to Burst Mode!
&tatus &ending" +inished
&ending
,efault 0alue7 -
%tatus indiates the trans/it status of the
urrent test fra/es at the port! This
para/eter is displayed as the urrent test
status after you onfigure %ed Mode and
Frames to %ed and then li9 A--l/!
&et +ra/e
Count
+or e;a/ple7 1 %et Frame Cout indiates the nu/.er of
test fra/es that are trans/itted .y the 1C
trun9 port in the Dthernet test! This
Copyright Huawei
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para/eter 0alue is au/ulati0e! The 0alue
indiates the total nu/.er of test fra/es that
are trans/itted fro/ last ti/e when the
para/eter 0alue is leared to this ti/e when
the 0alue is 6ueried!
2eei0ed
2esponse Test
+ra/e Count
+or e;a/ple7 1 2ecei&ed 2es-ose Test Frame Cout
indiates the nu/.er of response test fra/es
that are reei0ed .y the 1C trun9 port in the
Dthernet test! This para/eter 0alue is
au/ulati0e! The 0alue indiates the total
nu/.er of response test fra/es that are
reei0ed fro/ last ti/e when the para/eter
0alue is leared to this ti/e when the 0alue
is 6ueried!
Test +ra/es to
2eei0e
+or e;a/ple7 1 Test Frames to 2ecei&e indiates the
nu/.er of test fra/es that are reei0ed .y
the 1C trun9 port in the Dthernet test! This
para/eter 0alue is au/ulati0e! The 0alue
indiates the total nu/.er of test fra/es that
are trans/itted fro/ last ti/e when the
para/eter 0alue is leared to this ti/e when
the 0alue is 6ueried!
=earer 4ode )" <+P" Dthernet
,efault 0alue7 )
Bearer Mode (Et$eret Test) indiates the
trans/it path of the test fra/e! ,ifferent
.earer /odes orrespond to different types
of test fra/es! If the .earer /ode of the
reei0ed test fra/e is inonsistent with the
.earer /ode of this port" the test fra/e is
disarded diretly!
2e/ote =earer
4ode
<+P" Dthernet ,isplays the .earer /ode at the opposite
end!
%+#4 5ayer % S7itchin
%+#4+# Introduction
This setion defines #ayer 2 swithing and desri.es the purpose of using this feature!
De6nition
$n a #-'" a .ridge or #ayer 2 swith forwards Dthernet data .ased on 4-C addresses! -
4-C address is a #ayer 2 (data lin9 layer) address in the $&I /odel! Therefore" this data
forwarding /ode is alled #ayer 2 swithing!
Copyright Huawei
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Purpose
If an Dthernet proessing unit supports #ayer 2 swithing" its swithing do/ain an .e
di0ided into /ultiple independent su.-swithing do/ains! Then" #-' ser0ies are separated
and .ridge resoures are dyna/ially shared!
+igure 2-11B shows a typial appliation of #ayer 2 swithing! Co/pany - has three
depart/ents" and Dthernet ser0ies of the three depart/ents are trans/itted to the
trans/ission networ9 through 'D1" 'D2" and 'D3! The on0ergene node 'D2 needs to
perfor/ #ayer 2 swithing for Dthernet ser0ies fro/ the two aess nodes 'D1 and 'D3"
and 'D1 and 'D3 do not need to o//uniate with eah other!
Figure 1.1 -ppliation of #ayer 2 swithing
N5 1 N5 2
N53
Depart"ent 3
.ccess :oint
:OR'1
:OR'3
:OR'2
:OR'2
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'1
:OR'1
:OR'1
Depart"ent 1
Depart"ent 2
Depart"ent of Co"pan# .
:OR'1
7ri!)e
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with #ayer 2 swithing!
%+#4+%+# )ride
- .ridge is a funtional unit that is used to i/ple/ent the interonnetion .etween two or
/ore #-'s!
V) and 5P
The swithing do/ain of an Dthernet .oard that has the #ayer 2 swithing apa.ility an .e
di0ided into /ultiple su.-swithing do/ains! -s a result" if no ser0ies are interonneted"
different 0arious .ridges (1=s) annot aess eah other! Dah 1= has an independent
onfiguration /ode and uses an independent 1#-'! ,ifferent 1=s an use the sa/e 1#-'!
Copyright Huawei
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- 1= an ontain a nu/.er of logial ports (#Ps)! =y onfiguring the /ounting relation" you
an /ount /ultiple P$2Ts and 1CT25'Gs to the sa/e 1=!
+igure 2-113 shows the relations .etween 1=s" #Ps" P$2Ts" and 1CT25'Gs!
Figure 1.1 2elations .etween 1=s" #Ps" P$2Ts" and 1CT25'Gs
:OR'1
V71
,:3
,:D
,:2 ,:5
,:B ,:1
V72
,:3
,:D
,:2 ,:5
,:B ,:1
VC'R0NP5
VC'R0NPB
VC'R0NPD
VC'R0NP3
VC'R0NP2
VC'R0NP1
5ternet S%itcin) 7oar!
:OR'2
:OR'3
:OR'B
:OR'5
:OR'D
Transparent )ride and Virtual )ride
The ser0ies of different transparent .ridges are isolated " .ut the ser0ies in the sa/e
transparent .ridge are not isolated! The entire transparent .ridge is a swithing do/ain!
The ser0ies of different 0irtual .ridges are isolated and the ser0ies with different
1#-' I,s in the sa/e 0irtual .ridge are also isolated! The swithing do/ain of the
entire 0irtual .ridge is di0ided into /ultiple su.-swithing do/ains aording to the
1#-' I,s!
-s shown in +igure 2-11*" the sa/e logial port /ay .elong to one or /ore su.-swithing do/ains with
different 1#-' I,s! $n the 52000" the sa/e logial port an .elong to /ultiple filtering ta.les with
different 1#-' I,s!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Transparent .ridge and 0irtual .ridge
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'3
V,.N1
V,.N2
V,.N3
/irtua" 8ri#ge
:OR'1
:OR'2
:OR'3
+ure 8ri#ge
VC'R0NP1
VC'R0NP2
VC'R0NP3
VC'R0NPB
VC'R0NP5
VC'R0NPD
VC'R0NP1
VC'R0NP2
VC'R0NP3
VC'R0NPB
VC'R0NP5
VC'R0NPD
V,.N1
V,.N2
V,.N3
* * *
,o)ica( port
Table 1.1 Transparent =ridge and 1irtual =ridge
Item Transparent )ride Virtual )ride
1#-' filtering ta.le It is not onfigured! It /ust .e onfigured!
Ingress filter ,oes not he9 the 0alidity
of 1#-' tags! -ll data
fra/es that enter the .ridge
are 0alid!
Che9 the 0alidity of 1#-'
tags! If the 1#-' I, is not
the sa/e as the 1#-' I,
defined in the 1#-'
filtering ta.le" disard the
data fra/e!
4-C address learning /ode &1# I1#
,ata fra/e forwarding
/ode
Euery the 4-C address
ta.le to o.tain the
forwarding port of the data
fra/e aording to the
destination 4-C address of
the data fra/e!
Euery the 4-C address
ta.le to o.tain the
forwarding port of the data
fra/e aording to the
destination 4-C address
and 1#-' I, of the data
fra/e!
=roadast range +orward .roadast data
fra/es on all ports of a
.ridge!
+orward the .roadast data
fra/es on the forwarding
ports defined in the 1#-'
filtering ta.le!
To forward a #ayer 2 swithing ser0ie" a .ridge /ust learn the 4-C address! - .ridge learns the 4-C
address through one of the following /ethods7 shared 1#-' learning (&1#) and independent 1#-'
learning (I1#)!
Copyright Huawei
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Chen the .ridge adopts the &1# learning /ode" the entry in the 4-C address ta.le is reated
aording to the soure 4-C address and soure port of the data fra/e! The entry is 0alid for all
1#-'s!
Chen the .ridge adopts the I1# learning /ode" the entry in the 4-C address ta.le is reated
aording to the soure 4-C address" 1#-' I," and soure port of the data fra/e! The entry is
0alid for only the 1#-'!
)ride Type
-s listed in Ta.le 2-32" the Dthernet .oards support three types of .ridges!
Table 1.1 Types of .ridges supported .y the Dthernet .oards
)ride Type )ride S7itch .ode )ride
5earnin .ode
IDDD *02!1d 4-C .ridge &1#)Ingress +ilter ,isa.le &1#
IDDD *02!16 1irtual =ridge I1#)Ingress +ilter Dna.le I1#
IDDD *02!1ad Pro0ider
=ridge
1
&1#)Ingress +ilter ,isa.le &1#
2
I1#)Ingress +ilter Dna.le I1#
IDDD *02!1d 4-C .ridge7 The IDDD *02!1d 4-C .ridge does not he9 the ontents of
the 1#-' tags that are in the data fra/es" .ut perfor/s #ayer 2 swithing aording to
the destination 4-C addresses of the data fra/es!
IDDD *02!16 .ridge7 The IDDD *02!16 .ridge supports data isolation .y using one layer
of 1#-' tags! This .ridge he9s the ontents of the 1#-' tags that are in the data
fra/es and perfor/s #ayer 2 swithing aording to the destination 4-C addresses and
1#-' I,s!
The IDDD *02!1ad .ridge7 The IDDD *02!1ad .ridge supports data fra/es with two
layers of 1#-' tags! This .ridge adopts the outer &-1#-' tags to isolate different
1#-'s and supports only the /ounted ports whose attri.utes are C--ware or &--ware!
This .ridge supports the following swithing /odes7
1! This .ridge does not he9 the ontents of the 1#-' tags that are in the data fra/es" .ut
perfor/s #ayer 2 swithing aording to the destination 4-C addresses of the data
fra/es!
2! This .ridge he9s the ontents of the 1#-' tags that are in the data fra/es and
perfor/s #ayer 2 swithing aording to the destination 4-C addresses and the &-
1#-' I,s of the data fra/es!
.AC Address Table
The entries in the 4-C address ta.le reflet the orresponding relations .etween 4-C
addresses and ports! The 4-C address ta.le ontains the following entries7
,yna/i entry
Indiates the entry that the .ridge o.tains .y adopting the &1#)I1# learning /ode! The
dyna/i entry ages and is e0en lost after the Dthernet swithing .oard is reset!
&tati entry
Copyright Huawei
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Indiates the entry orresponding to the 4-C address and the port that the networ9
ad/inistrator /anually adds in the 4-C address ta.le on the 52000! - stati entry is a
uniast entry! The stati entry does not age and is not lost after the Dthernet swithing
.oard is reset!
=la9hole entry
Indiates the entry used to disard the data fra/e that ontains the speified destination
4-C address" and is also referred to as the 4-C address disa.le entry! The .la9hole
entry is onfigured .y the networ9 ad/inistrator! This entry does not age and is not lost
after the Dthernet swithing .oard is reset!
If a routing entry is not updated within a speifi period of ti/e" that is" if the 4-C address fails to
.e learnt .eause the new data fra/e fro/ the 4-C address is not reei0ed" this routing entry is
deleted auto/atially! This /ehanis/ is onsidered as aging" and this period of ti/e is onsidered
as the aging ti/e! The aging ti/e of the 4-C address ta.le is fi0e /inutes .y default and an .e set
.y using the 52000!
- li/ited nu/.er of 4-C addresses an .e learnt at a ti/e!
!ubASpo,e
<enerally" the entral station and non-entral stations an aess eah other" .ut the non-
entral stations annot aess eah other in the ase of on0ergene ser0ies! Therefore" the
ports /ounted to the .ridge need to .e defined as Hu. or &po9e ports!
Hu. port
Hu. ports an aess eah other! Hu. ports and &po9e ports an also aess eah other!
&po9e port
&po9e ports annot aess eah other! Hu. ports and &po9e ports an aess eah other!
The /ounted ports are Hu. ports .y default!
%+#4+%+% 1"%+#D )ride'based :P5AN Services
In *02!1, .ridge-.ased DP#-' ser0ies" pa9ets are forwarded only .ased on the 4-C
address ta.le!
Service .odel
Ta.le 2-33 shows the /odel of *02!1, .ridge-.ased DP#-' ser0ies!
Table 1.1 4odel of *02!1, .ridge-.ased DP#-' ser0ies
Service Type Service -lo7
Type
)ride
5earninAS7it
chin .ode
Net7or,
Attribute o8 a
.ounted Port
Sub's7itchin
Domain
*02!1, .ridge-
.ased DP#-'
ser0ies
P$2T &1#)Ingress filter
disa.le
5'I 'o di0ision of a
.ridge into su.-
swithing do/ains
Copyright Huawei
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+igure 2-11A shows a typial appliation of the /odel of *02!1, .ridge-.ased DP#-'
ser0ies! The trans/ission networ9 needs to arry - ser0ies reei0ed .y 'D2 and 'D3! -
ser0ies are on0erged and swithed at the on0ergene node 'D1! - ser0ies do not need to
.e separated! Therefore" an *02!1, .ridge is onfigured on 'D1 to shedule ser0ies!
Figure 1.1 4odel of *02!1, .ridge-.ased DP#-' ser0ies
:ort 1
N5 1
0ser .1
:ort 1
N5 2
0ser .2
N5 3
:ort 2
:ort 2
:ort 3
'rans"ission
Net%or-
'rans"ission
Net%or-
802*1! $ri!)e
:ort 1
:ort 2
0ser .3
%+#4+%+& 1"%+#< )ride'based :VP5AN Services
In *02!1E .ridge-.ased D1P#-' ser0ies" D1P#-' ser0ies are separated .y using
1#-'s! - .ridge is di0ided into /ultiple independent su.-swithing do/ains!
Service .odel
Ta.le 2-3@ shows the /odel of *02!1E .ridge-.ased D1P#-' ser0ies!
Table 1.1 4odel of *02!1E .ridge-.ased D1P#-' ser0ies
Service Type Service -lo7
Type
Net7or,
Attribute o8 a
.ounted Port
)ride
5earninAS7it
chin .ode
Sub's7itchin
Domain
*02!1E .ridge-
.ased D1P#-'
ser0ie
P$2TL1#-' 5'I I1#)Ingress filter
ena.le
a
,i0ision of a .ridge
into su.-swithing
do/ains .ased on
1#-'s
a7 - 1#-' filter ta.le /ust .e onfigured for he9ing 1#-' tags! If the 1#-' I, arried .y a pa9et
is not defined in the 1#-' filter ta.le" the pa9et is disarded!
Copyright Huawei
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+igure 2-120 shows a typial appliation of the /odel of *02!1E .ridge-.ased D1P#-'
ser0ies! The trans/ission networ9 needs to arry < and H ser0ies reei0ed .y 'D2 and
'D3! The two ser0ies are on0erged and swithed on 'D1! < and H ser0ies use different
1#-' tags! Therefore" an *02!1E .ridge is onfigured on the 'Ds and is di0ided into
/ultiple su.-swithing do/ains .ased on 1#-'s! In this /anner" the two ser0ies are
separated!
Figure 1.1 4odel of *02!1E .ridge-.ased D1P#-' ser0ies
:ort 1
N5 1
V,.N 100
V,.N 200
:ort 2
0ser G1
0ser &1
:ort 1
N5 2
0ser G2
:ort 2
0ser &2
:ort 1
N5 3
0ser G3
:ort 2
0ser &3
V,.N 100
V,.N 200
V,.N 100
V,.N 200
:ort 3
:ort 3
:ort 3
:ort B
'rans"ission
Net%or-
'rans"ission
Net%or-
802*1? $ri!)e
802*1? $ri!)e
802*1? $ri!)e
%+#4+%+0 1"%+#ad )ride'based :VP5AN Services
In *02!1ad .ridge-.ased D1P#-' ser0ies" &-1#-' tags are used to separate D1P#-'
ser0ies" and a .ridge is di0ided into /ultiple independent su.-swithing do/ains!
Service .odel
Ta.le 2-3( lists the /odels of *02!1ad .ridge-.ased D1P#-' ser0ies!
Table 1.1 4odels of *02!1ad .ridge-.ased D1P#-' ser0ies
Service
Type
Service
.odel
)ride
5earninAS
7itchin
.ode
Net7or,
Attribute
o8 a
.ounted
Port
Ta
3peration
Sub'
s7itchin
Domain
*02!1ad .ridge-
.ased D1P#-'
ser0ies
4odel 1 I1#)Ingress
filter ena.le
a
C--ware port -dding &-
1#-' tags
.ased on ports
-dding &-
1#-' tags
,i0ision of a
.ridge into su.-
swithing
do/ains .ased
on &-1#-'
Copyright Huawei
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Service
Type
Service
.odel
)ride
5earninAS
7itchin
.ode
Net7or,
Attribute
o8 a
.ounted
Port
Ta
3peration
Sub'
s7itchin
Domain
.ased on ports
and C-1#-'
tags
tags
&--ware port 4ounting ports
.ased on ports
and &-1#-'
tags
4odel 2 &1#)Ingress
filter disa.le
C--ware port -dding &-
1#-' tags
.ased on ports
'o di0ision of a
.ridge into su.-
swithing
do/ains
&--ware port 4ounting ports
a7 Chen Bridge !earig Mode is set to 1'!" a 1#-' filter ta.le /ust .e onfigured for he9ing
1#-' tags! If the 1#-' I, arried .y a pa9et is not defined in the 1#-' filter ta.le" the pa9et is
disarded!
4odel 1 is usually used in pratie! +igure 2-121 shows a typial appliation! The
trans/ission networ9 needs to arry < and H ser0ies reei0ed .y 'D2 and 'D3! The two
ser0ies are on0erged and swithed on 'D1! < and H ser0ies use the sa/e C-1#-' tag!
Therefore" different &-1#-' tags need to .e added to the two ser0ies for separating the/!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 4odel 1 of *02!1ad .ridge-.ased D1P#-' ser0ies
:ort 1
N5 1
802*1a! $ri!)e
SV,.N 300
SV,.N B00
:ort 2
0ser G1
0ser &1
:ort 1
N5 2
0ser G2
:ort 2
0ser &2
:ort 1
N5 3
0ser G3
:ort 2
0ser &3
:ort 3
:ort 3
:ort B
'rans"ission
Net%or-
'rans"ission
Net%or-
CV,.N 100
CV,.N 100
SV,.N 300
SV,.N B00
SV,.N 300
SV,.N B00
:ort 3
802*1a! $ri!)e
802*1a! $ri!)e
A## S,/LAN La8e"
NE &
Strip S,/LAN La8e"
CV,.N 100
CV,.N 100
CV,.N 100
CV,.N 100
Data@&A
Data@GA
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A Data@&A
Data@ GA
C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Strip S,/LAN La8e"
NE $
A## S,/LAN La8e"
Data@&A
Data@ GA
C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Data@&A
Data@GA
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Strip S,/LAN La8e"
NE '
A## S,/LAN La8e"
Data@&A
Data@ GA
C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
Data@&A
Data@GA
S-V,.N@B00A
S-V,.N@300A C-V,.N@100A
C-V,.N@100A
%+#4+%+2 .AC Address Table .anaement
The entries in a 4-C address ta.le indiate the orresponding relationship .etween 4-C
addresses and ports! - 4-C address ta.le ontains the following entries7 dyna/i entry" stati
entry" and .la9list entry!
If one dyna/i entry is not updated in a ertain period" that is" if no new pa9et fro/ this 4-C address
is reei0ed to ena.le the re-learning of this 4-C address" this dyna/i entry is auto/atially deleted!
This /ehanis/ is alled aging" and this period is alled aging ti/e!
,yna/i entry
- dyna/i entry is o.tained .y learning of a .ridge through the &1#)I1# /ode! The
dyna/i entry ages!
&tati entry
- stati entry is /anually added .y a networ9 ad/inistrator to the 4-C address ta.le .y
using the '4&! The stati entry does not age! <enerally" the stati entry is onfigured
when a port orresponds to a de0ie with its 4-C address 9nown and this de0ie
trans/its large traffi for a long ti/e!
Copyright Huawei
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=la9list entry
- .la9list entry" that is" the 4-C disa.led entry" is used to disard the data fra/e that
ontains the speified 4-C address (soure 4-C address or destination 4-C address)!
- .la9list entry is also alled a .la9hole entry! The .la9list entry is onfigured .y the
networ9 ad/inistrator! The .la9list entry does not age" and is not lost after the Dthernet
proessing .oard is reset!
%+#4+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations of #ayer 2 swithing!
Ta.le 2-3B pro0ides the speifiations of #ayer 2 swithing!
Table 1.1 &peifiations of #ayer 2 swithing
Item Speci6cations
=ridge type *02!1d .ridge
*02!16 .ridge
*02!1ad .ridge
=ridge swithing /ode I1#)Ingress filter ena.le (*02!16 .ridge and
*02!1ad .ridge)
&1#)Ingress filter disa.le (*02!1d .ridge and
*02!1ad .ridge)
DP#-')D1P#-' ser0ies &upported
'u/.er of .ridges 1
'u/.er of logial ports /ounted to a
.ridge
1B
Hu.)&po9e attri.ute &upported
'u/.er of stati 4-C address entries (12
'u/.er of .la9list entries in the
4-C address ta.le
(12
'u/.er of 4-C address entries 1BG
4-C address aging ti/e 1 /inute to 12 days
=roadast pa9et suppression funtion &upported
=roadast pa9et suppression
threshold
10U to 100U
%+#4+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools related to #ayer 2 swithing!
The following standards and protools are related to #ayer 2 swithing7
IDDD *02!1,7 4edia -ess Control (4-C) =ridges
Copyright Huawei
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IDDD *02!1E7 1irtual =ridged #oal -rea 'etwor9s
%+#4+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the support re6uired .y the appliation of the #ayer 2 swithing
feature!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00" 1100200BC00 and
later
i4anager 52000 1100200(C00" 11002003C00 and
later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
D+&* 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
%+#4+4 Principles
The 9ey of #ayer 2 swithing is to forward Dthernet pa9ets .ased on a 4-C address ta.le!
Pac,et -or7ardin Process o8 1"%+#D and 1"%+#< )rides
1! -n *02!1E .ridge he9s 1#-' I,s of data fra/es reei0ed .y a port! If the 1#-' I,
arried .y a data fra/e is not defined in the 1#-' filter ta.le" the .ridge disards this
data fra/e!
2! If the .roadast pa9et suppression funtion is ena.led for the port on the .ridge and the
traffi of .roadast pa9ets e;eeds the threshold" the port disards the e;ess .roadast
pa9ets!
3! If the I<4P &nooping protool is ena.led for the .ridge" the .ridge proesses the I<4P
pa9ets and /ultiast pa9ets reei0ed .y the port" .ased on the priniple desri.ed in
2!2!( Priniples!
@! If the I<4P &nooping protool is not ena.led for the .ridge7
N -n *02!1, .ridge forwards reei0ed /ultiast pa9ets to all its ports (e;luding the
soure port)!
N -n *02!1E .ridge forwards reei0ed /ultiast pa9ets to all the ports /ounted to the
1#-' (e;luding the soure port)!
Copyright Huawei
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(! =ased on the learning /ode (&1# or I1#)" the .ridge adds or updates entries
orresponding to the soure 4-C addresses of the data fra/es in the 4-C address
ta.le!
B! The .ridge he9s the 4-C address ta.le .ased on the destination 4-C addresses of
the data fra/es!
N If the 4-C address ta.le ontains .la9list entries orresponding to the destination
4-C addresses" the .ridge disards the data fra/es!
N If the 4-C address ta.le ontains dyna/i or stati entries orresponding to the
destination 4-C addresses" the .ridge forwards the data fra/es to the destination
ports!
N If the 4-C address ta.le ontains no entries orresponding to the destination 4-C
addresses7
N -n *02!1, .ridge forwards the data fra/es to all its ports (e;luding the soure
port)!
N -n *02!1E .ridge forwards the data fra/es to all the ports /ounted to the 1#-'
(e;luding the soure port)!
3! The .ridge he9s the Hu.)&po9e attri.utes of the soure and destination ports when
forwarding the data fra/es! If the soure port of a data fra/e is a Hu. port" the .ridge
an forward the data fra/e to a Hu. port or a &po9e port! If the soure port of a data
fra/e is a &po9e port" the .ridge an forward the data fra/e only to a Hu. port!
If &TP or 2&TP is ena.led for a .ridge" only a port in the forwarding state an forward data fra/es!
Pac,et -or7ardin Procedure o8 an 1"%+#ad )ride
This setion uses D-#-' (*02!1ad .ridge) ser0ies illustrated in +igure 2-122 to desri.e how
data fra/es are proessed on the *02!1ad .ridge!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 D-#-' (*02!1ad .ridge) ser0ie e;a/ple
N51
N53
N52
:OR'1
No!e7 1
:OR'2
:OR'1
Vo2:
&S2
No!e7 2
:OR'1
20 &S2
10 Vo2:
C-V,.N Ser/ice
30 Vo2:
C-V,.N Ser/ice
B0 &S2
:OR'1
N53
802*1a! $ri!)e
S-V,.N 100
S-V,.N 200
:OR'2
Vo2:
&S2
N52
N51
No!e7 1
:OR'1
:OR'1
No!e7 2
Data@&S2A
Data@Vo2:A
Data@&S2A
Data@Vo2:A
C-V,.N@20/B0A
C-V,.N@10/30A
S-V,.N@200A
S-V,.N@100A C-V,.N@10/30A
C-V,.N@20/B0A
:OR'3
:OR'B
N53
-s shown in +igure 2-122" the trans/ission networ9 needs to arry 0oie o0er IP (1oIP)
%+#4+* Con6uration Procedure
Configuring Dthernet ser0ies .ased on #ayer 2 swithing in0ol0es onfiguring DP#-' and
D1P#-' ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
%+#4+*+# Con6uration Procedure $I::: 1"%+#d )ride')ased
:P5AN Services(
DP#-' ser0ies pro0ide the usto/ers with #ayer 2 swithing-.ased /ultipoint-onneted
#-' ser0ies!
The Dthernet swithing .oards are re6uired for onfiguring DP#-' ser0ies! The Dthernet
swithing .oards that support DP#-' ser0ies are pro0ided in Ta.le 1!
Figure 1.1 +low of onfiguring DP#-' ser0ies
Start
Confi)ure 5ternet
e3terna( ports
Confi)ure 5ternet
interna( ports
Create 5ternet ,.N
ser/ices
1
3
2
Re?uire!
Optiona(
>o!if# &u$/Spo-e
attri$ute of "ounte!
ports
5n!
B
Create cross-
connections
5
Confi)ure te ,a#er
2 s%itcin) feature
D
Cec- ser/ice
continuit#
5na$(e N5
perfor"ance
"onitorin)
7ac- up N5
confi)uration !ata
7
8
9
Table 1.1 +low of onfiguring DP#-' ser0ies
Step 3peration Remar,s
1 Configuring D;ternal Ports on 2e6uired
Copyright Huawei
12*A
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Dthernet =oards
Chen an 'D aesses Dthernet ser0ies through the e;ternal
ports on the Dthernet .oard" you need to onfigure the
attri.utes of the e;ternal ports so that the e;ternal ports an
wor9 with the data o//uniation e6uip/ent on the lient
side" thus ensuring the nor/al aessing of the Dthernet
ser0ies!
2 Configuring Internal Ports on Dthernet
=oards
2e6uired
Chen an 'D trans/its Dthernet ser0ies through the
internal ports (that is" 1CT25'G ports) on the Dthernet
.oard to the &,H side" you need to onfigure the attri.utes
of the 1CT25'G ports so that the 1CT25'G ports an
wor9 with the Dthernet .oard on the opposite e6uip/ent!
This ensures that the trans/ission of the Dthernet ser0ies in
the &,H networ9 is nor/al!
3 Creating Dthernet #-' &er0ies 2e6uired
Chen an Dthernet swithing .oard arries #-' ser0ies"
you need to reate the .ridge and set the attri.utes of the
.ridge and the port /ounted to the .ridge!
@ 4odify Hu.)&po9e attri.ute of
/ounted ports
$ptional
In the ase of Dthernet #-' ser0ies" you an /odify the
Hu.)&po9e attri.ute .etween aess nodes fro/ the default
0alue of Hu. to &po9e" thus disa.ling the o//uniation
.etween the aess nodesI howe0er" the o//uniation
.etween the aess nodes and the on0ergene node is not
disa.led!
( Creating &,H &er0ies 2e6uired
This topi desri.es how to reate the ti/eslot onnetions
.etween the .ound paths and the line .oard" thus ensuring
that the Dthernet ser0ies are trans/itted in speified
ti/eslots o0er the trans/ission line!
B Configuring the #ayer 2 swithing
feature
Creating 4-C -ddress Dntries
4odifying -ging Ti/e of 4-C

-ddresses
Configuring the &panning Tree

$ptional
Oou an /anually speify the port for forwarding the

4-C fra/es to reate the 1#-' uniast entries and you
an suppress the forwarding of ertain 4-C fra/es to
reate the 4-C address disa.led entries! The /anually
reated 4-C entries are not affeted .y the aging ti/e!
The aging ti/e of the dyna/i 4-C address entries of an

Dthernet swithing .oard is fi0e /inutes .y default! Oou
an /odify the aging ti/e aording to the atual
re6uire/ents!
There /ay .e loops in the networ9 topology of Dthernet

ser0ies! Hene" the &TP)2&TP protool is ena.led to
pre0ent pa9ets fro/ .eing proliferated and endlessly
yled in the loop networ9!
3 Testing Dthernet &er0ie Channels 2e6uired
Copyright Huawei
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-fter the Dthernet ser0ies are reated" test the ser0ie
ontinuity!
* &etting Perfor/ane 4onitoring
Para/eters of an 'D
2e6uired
Dna.le the perfor/ane /onitoring funtion for a speifi
'D! Then" you an o.tain detailed perfor/ane reords
during the operation proess of this 'D! These reords an
.e used for /onitoring and analy8ing the running status of
this 'D!
A =a9ing 5p the 'D ,ata.ase to the
&C= =oard
2e6uired
=a9 up the 'D data.ase to ensure that the 'D an .e
auto/atially reo0ered to nor/al operation after the &CC
data is lost or after the e6uip/ent is powered off!
%+#4+*+% Con6uration Procedure $I::: 1"%+#B and 1"%+#ad
)ride')ased :VP5AN Services(
D1P#-' ser0ies of different users need to share the .andwidth! Hene" the 1#-' I, or
other she/es need to .e used for differentiating the ser0ies of different users! If the ser0ies
of different users need to .e onfigured with different 6uality le0els" you need to adopt the
orresponding Eo& she/e!
The Dthernet swithing .oards are re6uired for onfiguring D1P#-' ser0ies! The Dthernet
swithing .oards that support D1P#-' ser0ies are pro0ided in Ta.le 1!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 +low of onfiguring D1P#-' ser0ies
Start
Confi)ure 5ternet
e3terna( ports
Confi)ure 5ternet
interna( ports
Create 5ternet
,.N ser/ices
Create te V,.N
fi(terin) ta$(e
1
3
2
B
Re?uire!
Optiona(
>o!if# te &u$/Spo-e
attri$ute of "ounte!
ports
Confi)ure te FoS
5n!
8
5
Create cross-
connections
D
Confi)ure te ,a#er
2 s%itcin) feature
7
Cec- ser/ice
continuit#
5na$(e N5
perfor"ance
"onitorin)
7ac- up N5
confi)uration !ata
9
10
11
Table 1.1 +low of onfiguring D1P#-' ser0ies
1 Configuring D;ternal Ports on
Dthernet =oards
2e6uired
Chen an 'D aesses Dthernet ser0ies through the e;ternal
Copyright Huawei
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ports on the Dthernet .oard" you need to onfigure the attri.utes
of the e;ternal ports so that the e;ternal ports an wor9 with the
data o//uniation e6uip/ent on the lient side" thus ensuring
the nor/al aessing of the Dthernet ser0ies!
2 Configuring Internal Ports on
Dthernet =oards
2e6uired
Chen an 'D trans/its Dthernet ser0ies through the internal
ports (that is" 1CT25'G ports) on the Dthernet .oard to the
&,H side" you need to onfigure the attri.utes of the
1CT25'G ports so that the 1CT25'G ports an wor9 with
the Dthernet .oard on the opposite e6uip/ent! This ensures that
the trans/ission of the Dthernet ser0ies in the &,H networ9 is
nor/al!
3 Creating Dthernet #-' &er0ies 2e6uired
Chen an Dthernet swithing .oard arries #-' ser0ies" you
need to reate the .ridge and set the attri.utes of the .ridge and
the port /ounted to the .ridge!
@ Creating 1#-'s +iltering 2e6uired
In the ase of Dthernet #-' ser0ies" when the type of the
.ridge is IDDD *02!16 or IDDD *02!1ad" the 1#-' filtering
ta.le needs to .e reated for the .ridge if 1#-'s are used to
isolate the data of different users!
( 4odify Hu.)&po9e attri.ute of
/ounted ports
$ptional
In the ase of Dthernet #-' ser0ies" you an /odify the
Hu.)&po9e attri.ute .etween aess nodes fro/ the default
0alue of Hu. to &po9e" thus disa.ling the o//uniation
.etween the aess nodesI howe0er" the o//uniation
.etween the aess nodes and the on0ergene node is not
disa.led!
B Creating &,H &er0ies 2e6uired
This topi desri.es how to reate the ti/eslot onnetions
.etween the .ound paths and the line .oard" thus ensuring that
the Dthernet ser0ies are trans/itted in speified ti/eslots o0er
the trans/ission line!
3 Configuring the #ayer 2 swithing
feature
Creating 4-C -ddress Dntries
4odifying -ging Ti/e of 4-C

-ddresses
Configuring the &panning Tree

$ptional
Oou an /anually speify the port for forwarding the 4-C

fra/es to reate the 1#-' uniast entries and you an
suppress the forwarding of ertain 4-C fra/es to reate the
4-C address disa.led entries! The /anually reated 4-C
entries are not affeted .y the aging ti/e!
The aging ti/e of the dyna/i 4-C address entries of an

Dthernet swithing .oard is fi0e /inutes .y default! Oou an
/odify the aging ti/e aording to the atual re6uire/ents!
There /ay .e loops in the networ9 topology of Dthernet

ser0ies! Hene" the &TP)2&TP protool is ena.led to
pre0ent pa9ets fro/ .eing proliferated and endlessly
yled in the loop networ9!
Copyright Huawei
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Chen a /ultiast router is loated on the networ9" the IDDD

*02!16 or IDDD *02!1ad .ridge an ena.le the I<4P
&nooping protool to wor9 with the router" thus
i/ple/enting the /ultiast funtion!
* 2!10!3 Configuring Eo& $ptional
The ser0ies of different users need to share the .andwidth! If
the ser0ies of different users need to .e onfigured with
different 6uality le0els" you need to adopt the orresponding
Eo& she/e!
A Testing Dthernet &er0ie Channels 2e6uired
-fter the Dthernet ser0ies are reated" test the ser0ie
ontinuity!
10 &etting Perfor/ane 4onitoring
Para/eters of an 'D
2e6uired
Dna.le the perfor/ane /onitoring funtion for a speifi 'D!
Then" you an o.tain detailed perfor/ane reords during the
operation proess of this 'D! These reords an .e used for
/onitoring and analy8ing the running status of this 'D!
11 =a9ing 5p the 'D ,ata.ase to
the &C= =oard
2e6uired
=a9 up the 'D data.ase to ensure that the 'D an .e
auto/atially reo0ered to nor/al operation after the &CC data
is lost or after the e6uip/ent is powered off!
%+#4+1 Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure #ayer 2 swithing
ser0ies aording to networ9 onditions!
+or the onfiguration e;a/ple of #ayer 2 swithing" see Configuration Guide7
Configuring DP#-' &er0ies (IDDD *02!1d =ridge)
Configuring D1P#-' &er0ies (IDDD *02!16 =ridge)
Configuring D1P#-' &er0ies (IDDD *02!1ad =ridge)
%+#4+/ Relevant Alarms and :vents
There are no alar/s or perfor/ane e0ents rele0ant to #ayer 2 swithing!
%+#* Port .irrorin
Copyright Huawei
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%+#*+# Introduction
+or the e;isting o/ple; networ9s" $pti% $&' e6uip/ent has already pro0ided 0arious
effeti0e fault diagnosis /ethods! Howe0er" the /ethods re6uire path o0erheads or e0en
interrupt ser0ie! Therefore" a fast fault diagnosis /ethod that does not affet ser0ies is
urgently re6uired! Port /irroring effeti0ely addresses this re6uire/ent!
Port /irroring has the following features7
Port /irroring applies to online fault diagnosis! It /irrors the traffi fro/ one port to
another port" and then an analy8er is used for fault diagnosis!
-fter port /irroring is used" traffi an .e /onitored in real ti/e using an analy8er!
-s shown in +igure 2-12(" a data ser0ie is onfigured .etween 5ser - and 5ser =" who
ondut Dthernet o//uniation .y /eans of 'D1" 'D3" and 'D2! - port on 'D1 is the
listened port and another port on 'D1 is the /irror listener port! 'D1 repliates the traffi at
the listened port to the /irror listener port! -n analy8er is used to analy8e the traffi or to
/onitor the traffi in real ti/e without affeting the ser0ie!

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Nor"a( Ser/ice

>irror Ser/ice

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>irror Source
Function :oint
>irror
O$ser/ation :oint
%+#*+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with port /irroring!
.irror Type
#oal port /irroring
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In loal port /irroring" the traffi at a port of an 'D is repliated to another port of the 'D!
The /irror destination port trans/its the traffi to a diretly-onneted analy8er for analysis
and /onitoring!
.irror Types Classi6ed by Port Type
Port /irroring is ategori8ed into egress port /irroring and ingress port /irroring!
Ingress port /irroring
The traffi reei0ed .y the /irror soure port is repliated to the /irror destination port!
Dgress port /irroring
The traffi trans/itted .y the /irror soure port is repliated to the /irror destination
port!
%+#*+& Speci6cations
This setion pro0ides the speifiations of port /irroring supported .y $pti% $&' produts!
Ta.le 2-3A lists the speifiations of port /irroring!
Table 1.1 &peifiations of port /irroring
Item Speci6cations
'u/.er of /irror
destination ports
There is no li/it on the nu/.er of /irror destination ports! -ll
ports on a .oard an .e onfigured as /irror destination ports!
'u/.er of /irror soure
ports
Dah .oard or 'D supports a /a;i/u/ of four /irror soure
ports!
%+#*+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
There is no standard or protool that port /irroring o/plies with!
%+#*+2 Availability
This setion desri.es the produts and .oards that support port /irroring!
Version Support
Product Version
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200BC00 and later
!ard7are Support
D+&* 1100200BC00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
Copyright Huawei
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D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
%+#*+4 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for port /irroring at the networ9
design phase and the onfiguration and o//issioning phase!
5imitation
Remar,s
Dntire feature The e6uip/ent supports port
/irroring only for ingress ports
and egress ports!
')-
Port /irroring is perfor/ed
.etween two physial ports and is
unrelated to ser0ie onfigurations
on the /irror soure port!
')-
Content of pa9ets at a /irror
soure port and that of pa9ets at
the orresponding /irror
destination port are the sa/e!
Howe0er" the pa9et strutures
/ay .e different .eause the /irror
destination port proesses the
strutures of short pa9ets and
o0er-long pa9ets!
')-
5imitation
Remar,s
Dntire feature 4irror destination ports an neither
arry ser0ies nor .e added into a
#-<!
This ensures the effet of /irroring!
The e6uip/ent supports only a pair
of /irror ports!
')-
%+#*+* Principles
This setion desri.es the i/ple/entation of port /irroring on ingress ports and egress ports!
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-s shown in +igure 2-12B" 5ser - and 5ser = trans/it data ser0ies to eah other" using 'D1"
'D3" and 'D2 for Dthernet o//uniation! 'D1 reei0es ser0ies fro/ 5ser - through Port
1 and sends ser0ies through Port 2! Port 1 or Port 2 funtions as the /irror soure port" and
Port 3 funtions as the /irror destination port!

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>irror Source
Function :oint
>irror
O$ser/ation :oint
:ort1
:ort2
:ort3
In the ingress diretion of 'D1 when Port 1 is the /irror soure7
1! 'D1 repliates all the ingress traffi at Port 1 (the /irror soure port) to Port 3 (the
/irror destination port)!
ingress /irror ser0ies are trans/itted fro/ 'D1 to the analy8er!
ser0ies in the ingress diretion!
In the egress diretion of 'D1 when Port 2 is the /irror soure7
1! 'D1 repliates all the egress traffi at Port 2 (the /irror soure port) to Port 3 (the /irror
destination port)!
egress /irror ser0ies are trans/itted fro/ 'D1 to the analy8er!
ser0ies in the egress diretion!
%+#*+1 Con6urin Port .irrorin
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PrereBuisites
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the desired .oard" and hoose Cofiguratio > Et$eret 1terface Maagemet >
)ort Mirrorig fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Cli9 New! The )ort Mirror Maagemet dialog .o; is displayed!
Step % &et the para/eters in the displayed dialog .o;!
Step & Cli9 A--l/! Then li9 Close in the dialog .o; that is displayed to indiate the suessful
operation!
....Ed
%+#*+/ Con6uration :9ample
This setion desri.es how to onfigure port /irroring!
%+#*+/+# :9ample Description
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the port /irroring funtion!
-s shown in +igure 2-123" a data ser0ie is onfigured .etween 5ser - and 5ser =" who
ondut Dthernet o//uniation .y /eans of 'D1" 'D3" and 'D2! &er0ie /onitoring and
analysis need to .e onduted without affeting the ser0ie!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0

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>irror Source
Function :oint
>irror
O$ser/ation :oint
:ort1
:ort2
Solution
Configure Port 1 on 'D1 as the listened port and Port 2 on 'D1 as the /irror listener port!
Traffi on the listened port will .e /irrored to the /irror listener port and then forwarded to
the analy8er! In this /anner" the data ser0ie .etween 5ser - and 5ser = is /onitored and
analy8ed without .eing affeted!
Service Plannin
&er0ie planning infor/ation inludes port /irroring /anage/ent para/eter infor/ation!
Table 1.1 Port /irroring /anage/ent para/eters
Parameter Value
=oard @-D+&*
4irrored Port P$2T1
4irrored 5pstrea/ Port P$2T2
4irrored ,ownstrea/ Port -
Copyright Huawei
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%+#*+/+% Con6uration Process
PrereBuisites
&er0ie onfigurations ha0e .een o/pleted on 'D1" 'D2 and 'D3!
Procedure
2!13!* Configuring Port 4irroring
Table 1.1 Port /irroring /anage/ent para/eters
Parameter Value
=oard @-D+&*
4irrored Port P$2T1
4irrored 5pstrea/ Port P$2T2
4irrored ,ownstrea/ Port -
....Ed
%+#*+#" Relevant Alarms and :vents
There are no alar/s or perfor/ane e0ents rele0ant to port /irroring!
%+#*+## Parameters 8or Con6urin a Port .irrorin
:ntry
This setion desri.es the para/eters that are used for onfiguring a port /irroring entry!
-ield
Value
Rane Description
=oard +or e;a/ple"
@-D+&*
,isplays the /irrored .oard!
4irrored
Port
+or e;a/ple"
P$2T1
&peifies the point where /irrored ser0ies are he9ed!
4irrored
5pstrea/
Port
+or e;a/ple"
P$2T2
&peifies the /irrored upstrea/ port!
Copyright Huawei
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-ield
Value
Rane Description
4irrored
,ownstrea
/ Port
+or e;a/ple"
P$2T3
&peifies the /irrored downstrea/ port!
Copyright Huawei
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+eature ,esription 3 Clo9 +eatures
& Cloc, -eatures
About This Chapter
This hapter desri.es the lo9 features supported .y the e6uip/ent!
3!1 Physial #ayer Clo9s
- sta.le lo9 an ensure the nor/al wor9ing of an 'D! To ensure that the lo9 wor9s sta.ly"
adhere to ertain onfiguration priniples when onfiguring the lo9!
3!2 &ynhronous Dthernet Clo9
The synhronous Dthernet lo9 is a tehnology that reo0ers the lo9 fro/ the .it strea/ on
the Dthernet lin9!
3!3 IDDD 1(**02
This hapter desri.es the IDDD 1(**02 feature!
3!@ IDDD 1(** -C2
This hapter desri.es the IDDD 1(** -C2 feature!
3!( CD& -C2
This hapter desri.es the CD& -C2 feature!
&+# Physical 5ayer Cloc,s
- sta.le lo9 an ensure the nor/al wor9ing of an 'D! To ensure that the lo9 wor9s sta.ly"
adhere to ertain onfiguration priniples when onfiguring the lo9!
&+#+# Introduction
Clo9 synhroni8ation on the entire networ9 helps to trans/it ser0ies nor/ally!
De6nition
Clo97 The eletroni iruit in a o/puter that generates a steady strea/ of ti/ing pulses!
Copyright Huawei
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Purpose
Clo9 synhroni8ation ensures that all the digital de0ies on a o//uniations networ9 wor9
at the sa/e no/inal fre6ueny" and therefore /ini/i8es the i/pats of slips" .urst .it errors"
phase :u/ps" :itters" and wanders on digital o//uniations syste/s! Clo9 synhroni8ation
also /ini/i8es pointer :ustifiations on &,H de0ies! Therefore" lo9 synhroni8ation is the
preondition and .asis for the nor/al operation of a networ9!
Chen all the 'Ds on the entire networ9 trae lo9 signals fro/ the sa/e lo9 soure" the
networ9wide synhroni8ation is reali8ed!
<enerally" an 'D an o.tain the P2C through se0eral paths! In +igure 3-1" 'D@ an trae the
lo9 fro/ 'D3 or the lo9 fro/ 'D(! These two lo9 soures are fro/ the sa/e P2C!
Figure 1.1 Clo9 synhroni8ation
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C(oc- si)na( f(o%
&+#+% )asic Concepts
=efore lo9 onfiguration" you need to /aster the .asi onepts!
Copyright Huawei
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&+#+%+# Cloc, SynchroniEation
4aintaining lo9 synhroni8ation a/ong the 'Ds of a networ9 helps to pre0ent pointer
:ustifiation e0ents" :itters and .it errors! -ll 'Ds trae the sa/e lo9 referene soure
through a speifi lo9 synhroni8ation path" therefore ahie0ing the networ9wide
synhroni8ation!
.ethods o8 Cloc, SynchroniEation
Clo9 synhroni8ation is a0aila.le in two /ethods7 pseudo synhroni8ation and /aster)sla0e
synhroni8ation!
Pseudo synhroni8ation /eans that the lo9s of the 'Ds are totally independent of eah
other! The lo9s" howe0er" are of high preision and sta.ility! 'or/ally" esiu/ lo9s
are used! Therefore" pseudo synhroni8ation is /aintained a/ong the lo9s although
fre6uenies and phases of the lo9s are not the sa/e!
4aster)&la0e synhroni8ation /eans that the lo9 of an 'D wor9s as the 1(**02 lo9
soure and the other 'Ds trae the lo9 of the 'D! - lower-le0el 'D traes the lo9 of
a higher-le0el 'D" and si/ilarly lo9 synhroni8ation is /aintained a/ong all the 'Ds!
;or,in .odes o8 the Cloc,
Currently" /aster)sla0e synhroni8ation is used in /ost senarios! The /aster lo9 with high
preision and high sta.ility trans/its lo9 signals to the sla0e lo9s" and si/ilarly to the
lower-le0el lo9s! In this way" lo9 synhroni8ation is /aintained on the entire networ9! In
/aser)sla0e synhroni8ation" the wor9ing /odes of the sla0e lo9 are as follows7
Traing /ode7 It is the nor/al wor9ing /ode! In this /ode" the loal lo9 is
synhroni8ed with the input referene lo9 signals!
The nodes that ha0e lo9 traing relationships .etween eah other o/prise a lo9 su.net!
Holdo0er /ode7 Chen all ti/ing referene signals are lost" the sla0e lo9 enters the
holdo0er /ode! In this /ode" the sla0e lo9 ta9es ti/ing referene fro/ the last
fre6ueny infor/ation sa0ed .efore the loss of ti/ing referene signals! This /ode an
.e used to ope with an interruption of e;ternal ti/ing signals lasting /any days! The
holdo0er /ode is a0aila.le in two types7 per/anent holdo0er and 2@-hour holdo0er!
+ree-run /ode7 Chen all ti/ing referene signals are lost" the sla0e lo9 enters the free-
run /ode if the sla0e lo9 loses the onfiguration data a.out the ti/ing referene
signals or the sla0e lo9 fails to enter the holdo0er /ode!
Types o8 Cloc, Sources
=ased on the soure of lo9 signals" lo9 soures are lassified into four ategories!
D;ternal lo9 soure7 2 4.it)s ti/ing signals fro/ the e;ternal lo9 interfae of an 'D
#ine lo9 soure7 ti/ing signals e;trated fro/ optial signals that are reei0ed .y the
line .oard
Tri.utary lo9 soure7 ti/ing signals e;trated fro/ signals that are reei0ed .y the
tri.utary .oard
Internal lo9 soure7 internal ti/ing soure (a0aila.le for eah 'D) that an 'D uses
when the e;ternal soure is lost
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&+#+%+% SS. Protocol and Cloc, ID
The synhroni8ation status /essage (&&4) protool and lo9 I, are used for lo9
protetion!
S# )yte
The &1 .yte is loated in row A and olu/n 1 in the /ultiple; setion o0erhead in an &,H
fra/e struture! Ta.le 3-1 shows the /eaning of lo9 6uality that the &&4= stands for! The
s/aller the &&4= 0alue" the higher the 6uality of the lo9 soure that the &&4= represents!
In a lo9 networ9" the node that is onneted to an e;ternal lo9 e;trats a referene ti/ing
soure fro/ the =IT& e6uip/ent" writes an &&4= to .it (-.it * of &1 .yte" and transports the
&&4= to downstrea/ nodes! In this way" the &&4= is output! - downstrea/ node e;trats
the ti/ing soure fro/ a line signal" and o.tains the lo9 6uality le0el fro/ .it (-.it * of &1
.yte! In this way" the downstrea/ node often deter/ines whether the urrent lo9 soure is
effeti0e and trans/its .a9 0;f to the upstrea/ node through .it (-.it * of &1 .yte! 0;f
/eans the returned lo9 soure is una0aila.le! This pre0ents two nodes fro/ traing the
ti/ing soure /utually! Dah node o.tains the 6uality of all lo9 soures fro/ the &1 .yte"
and hooses to trae a lo9 soure aording to the preset priority le0el!
Table 1.1 &&4 alloation
)it 2'bit 1 o8 S# byte SD! SynchroniEation <uality
5evel
0000 The synhroni8ation 6uality is un9nown (the
e;isting synhronous networ9)!
0001 2etained
0010 <!*11 lo9 signal
0011 2etained
0100 &&5--
'ote 1
0101 2etained
0110 2etained
0111 2etained
1000 &&5-=
'ote 1
1001 2etained
1010 2etained
1011 &ynhronous e6uip/ent ti/ing soure
(&DT&) signal
1100 2etained
1101 2etained
1110 2etained
Copyright Huawei
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)it 2'bit 1 o8 S# byte SD! SynchroniEation <uality
5evel
1111 'ot used for synhroni8ation
'ote 17 The ?<!*12 Transit D;hange? and ?<!*12 #oal Clo9? ter/s are used in the
pre0ious 0ersion of IT5-T 2eo//endations! In the new 0ersion of IT5-T <!*12" the lo9
definition is hanged to synhroni8ation supply unit (&&5)! The &&5 has - and = types!
SS. Protocol
In the ase that the &1 .yte is ena.led for lo9 protetion" the onept of lo9 I, is
introdued! That is" lo9 protetion is e;tended .ased on the original &&4 protool! In this
/anner" the e;tended &&4 protool is de0eloped!
The standard &&4 protool is a /ehanis/ of networ9 synhroni8ation /anage/ent! It uses
.it (-.it * of &1 .yte to e;hange the 6uality infor/ation of lo9 soures .etween nodes!
This ensures that the e6uip/ent auto/atially selets the lo9 soure of the highest 6uality
and priority le0els" to pre0ent an interlo9 of lo9s! The standard &&4 protool i/pro0es the
perfor/ane of a synhronous networ9" and reali8es synhroni8ation of different networ9
topologies in an easy /anner! The standard &&4 protool applies to the interonnetion of
e6uip/ent fro/ different 0endors!
In the ase of the e;tended &&4 protool" Huawei introdues the onept of lo9 I, .ased
on the standard &&4 protool! The e;tended &&4 protool uses .1 through .@ of &1 .yte as
the uni6ue I, of a lo9 soure and transports the lo9 I, with an &&4! -fter a node
reei0es the &1 .yte" the node 0erifies the lo9 I, (.it 1-.it @) to deter/ine whether the
lo9 is loally output! If the lo9 is loally output" the node regards the lo9 as una0aila.le!
This pre0ents a ti/ing loop! The e;tended &&4 protool is /ainly used to reali8e the
interonnetion of trans/ission e6uip/ent fro/ Huawei!
Cloc, ID
- lo9 I, use .it 1-.it @ of &1 .yte" and the 0alue range is 0;0 to 0;f! =asially" a lo9 I,
is used to distinguish the lo9 infor/ation .etween loal and other nodes" to pre0ent a node
fro/ traing the lo9 signal that is loally trans/itted and o/es fro/ the negati0e diretion!
Hene" a ti/ing loop is pre0ented!
- 0alue of 0 indiates that a lo9 I, is in0alid! Hene" the default 0alue of a lo9 I, is 0
when an I, is not set for a lo9 soure! Chen ena.ling the e;tended &&4 protool" an 'D
does not selet the lo9 soure whose I, is 0 as the urrent lo9 soure!
- lo9 I, is a tag set for a referene ti/ing soure! The lo9 soures at the sa/e 6uality
le0el that arry different I,s /ean different ti/ing signals and are not different in priority
le0els and other aspets!
&et the lo9 I, aording to the following priniples7
-lloate a lo9 I, to eah e;ternal =IT&!
-lloate a lo9 I, to the internal lo9 soure of eah node that has an e;ternal =IT&!
-lloate a lo9 I, to the internal lo9 soure of eah node that enters into another ring
networ9 fro/ one hain or ring networ9!
-lloate a lo9 I, to the line lo9 soure of the node that enters into another ring
networ9 fro/ one hain or ring networ9" when the line lo9 soure e;ists!
Copyright Huawei
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&+#+%+& Cloc, Protection
Clo9 protetion ensures that eah node traes the orret lo9 soure e0en when a fault
ours on a networ9!
Chen an optial path is interrupted or a node fails" the ser0ies are swithed to the protetion
path! In this ase" a ti/ing soure also selets a new route so that the entire networ9 ontinues
to trae the ti/ing referene! This proess is alled lo9 protetion! In other words" lo9
protetion is a proess during whih a new route for traing another ti/ing referene is
seleted!
In +igure 3-2" 'D@ traes the lo9 that is fro/ 'D3! If this lo9 is lost" 'D@ an
auto/atially swith to trae the lo9 that is fro/ 'D(! Chen auto/ati protetion
swithing ours in a lo9" the new lo9 soure /ay o/e fro/ the sa/e ti/ing referene
as the lost lo9 soure or /ay o/e fro/ the ti/ing referene of less good 6uality (for
e;a/ple" the stand.y =IT&)!
Clo9 protetion swithing is perfor/ed .ased on the following priniples7
Chen the lo9 soure priority is set" the 'D selets the lo9 soure .ased on the
priority ta.le if the &&4 protool is disa.led! If the &&4 protool is ena.led" howe0er"
the 'D selets the lo9 soure with the .est 6uality as the synhroni8ation soure" and
sends the synhroni8ation status /essage .it (&&4=) to downstrea/ 'Ds!
If /ultiple lo9 soures at the sa/e 6uality le0el e;ist" the 'D selets the lo9 soure
at the highest priority le0el as the synhroni8ation soure" and sends the &&4= to
downstrea/ 'Ds!
If 'D = traes the lo9 soure that is output fro/ 'D -" the lo9 of 'D = is an
una0aila.le soure for 'D -!
If the e;tended &&4 protool is ena.led" the 'D does not selet the lo9 that has the
sa/e I, as the loal lo9 or the lo9 whose I, is 0" to funtion as the synhroni8ation
soure!
If the fre6ueny offset detetion is ena.led" the fre6ueny offset of a lo9 soure is out
of the 0alid range" the lo9 soure is onsidered una0aila.le" and the lo9 soure
protetion swithing is perfor/ed!
Protection S7itchin ;hen the SS. Protocol Is Disabled
Chen the &&4 protool is disa.led" protetion swithing is perfor/ed .ased on the priority
ta.le! To .e speifi" the 0alid lo9 soure with the highest priority is hosen as the syste/
lo9 soure (that is" urrent lo9 soure)!
In +igure 3-2" 'D1 is onneted to the =IT&! In nor/al ases" other 'Ds re/ain synhroni8ed
with 'D1!
Copyright Huawei
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1
3
3
3
3
3
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1
1
1
1
1
Ta.le 3-2 pro0ides the lo9 soure priorities for the 'Ds!
Table 1.1 Clo9 soure priority ta.le and traed lo9 soure
N: Cloc, Source
Priority Table
Traced Cloc, Source
'D1 =IT&" lo9 soure on the
.oard in slot 3" lo9 soure
on the .oard in slot 1" and
internal lo9 soure
=IT&
'D2 Clo9 soure on the .oard in
slot 3" lo9 soure on the
.oard in slot 1" and internal
lo9 soure
Clo9 soure on the .oard in
slot 3
'D3 Clo9 soure on the .oard in
lo9 soure
slot 3
'D@ Clo9 soure on the .oard in
lo9 soure
slot 3
'D( Clo9 soure on the .oard in
slot 1
Copyright Huawei
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N: Cloc, Source
Priority Table
Traced Cloc, Source
lo9 soure
'DB Clo9 soure on the .oard in
lo9 soure
slot 1
-s shown in +igure 3-3" when a fi.er ut ours .etween 'D1 and 'DB" 'DB fails to reei0e
lo9 signals fro/ 'D1 and then" aording to the lo9 priority ta.le" hooses to trae the
lo9 soure on the .oard in slot 3! Therefore" interlo9ed lo9s are generated .etween 'D(
and 'DB!
Figure 1.2 Clo9 traing upon fi.er ut when the &&4 protool is disa.led
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1
1
1
1
1 3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
Chen the &&4 protool is disa.led" protetion swithing pro0ides li/ited funtions and
easily auses interlo9ed lo9s! In a syste/ where standard &&4 protool is ena.led"
howe0er" suh pro.le/s do not our!
Protection S7itchin in a System ;here Standard SS. Protocol
Is :nabled
In a syste/ where the standard &&4 protool is ena.led" the wor9ing priniples of lo9
protetion swithing are as follows7
-n 'D selets the lo9 soure whose 6uality is the .est and priority is the highest as the
syste/ lo9 soure!
Dah 'D trans/its the $;0f /essage to the syste/ lo9 soure! The /essage indiates
that the lo9 soure is una0aila.le!
-s shown in +igure 3-2" the lo9 traing relationship in a syste/ where the standard &&4
protool is ena.led is different fro/ that in a non-&&4 syste/!
Copyright Huawei
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Chen a fi.er ut ours .etween 'D1 and 'DB" the lo9 traing relationship on the entire
networ9 hanges! -s shown in +igure 3-@" 'D( trans/its the $;0f /essage to 'DB .eause
'D( traes the lo9 soure of 'DB! Chen deteting that the lo9 soure on the .oard in slot
1 is lost" 'DB sets its internal lo9 soure as the lo9 soure and trans/its the lo9 signals
to 'D( through the &1 .yte! -fter reei0ing the lo9 signals fro/ 'DB" 'D( starts to selet a
new lo9 soure .eause the lo9 signals fro/ 'D( degrade! -ording to the lo9 priority
ta.le" 'D( selets the lo9 soure on the .oard in slot 3 as the syste/ lo9 soure and sends
'DB the lo9 6uality infor/ation through the &1 .yte! -fter reei0ing the &1 .yte" 'DB
hooses to trae the lo9 soure on the .oard in slot 3! In this /anner" lo9 traing
relationship is esta.lished on the entire networ9!
Figure 1.1 Clo9 traing upon fi.er ut in a syste/ where standard &&4 protool is ena.led
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1 3
1
1
1
1
1 3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
If the lo9 traing relationship is onfigured as shown in +igure 3-(" all the 'Ds in0ol0ed
trae the lo9 soures in one diretion only!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.2 5nidiretional lo9 traing
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3
3
3
3
3
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1
1
1
1
1
Chen the =IT& is faulty" a ti/ing loop is generated" as shown in +igure 3-B! Chen the =IT&
is faulty" 'D1 hooses to trae the lo9 signals reei0ed .y the .oard in slot 3" .eause 'D1
and 'DB send eah other the &1 .yte (ontaining infor/ation a.out the =IT& lo9)!
Therefore" a ti/ing loop is generated on the entire networ9!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.( Clo9 traing upon faulty =IT& in a syste/ where standard &&4 protool is ena.led
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1
1
1
1 3
3
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3
3
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3
3
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1
1
1
1
1
1
-ording to the preeding analysis" the standard &&4 protool pre0ents the generation of
interlo9ed lo9s .ut annot pre0ent the generation of ti/ing loops! The e;tended &&4
protool" howe0er" pre0ents the generation of ti/ing loops!
Protection S7itchin in an :9tended SS. System
In a syste/ where the e;tended &&4 protool is ena.led" the wor9ing priniples of lo9
protetion swithing are as follows7
-n 'D selets the lo9 soure whose 6uality is the .est and priority is the highest as the
syste/ lo9 soure! In addition" the lo9 soure /ust .e pro0ided .y 'Ds other than
the 'D itself!
Dah 'D trans/its the $;0f /essage to the syste/ lo9 soure! The /essage indiates
that the lo9 soure is una0aila.le!
The /ost signifiant four .its of the &1 .yte are used to identify the lo9 soure I,!
Chen the lo9 traing relationship is shown in +igure 3-( and the e;tended &&4 protool is
ena.led" a ti/ing loop is not generated e0en though the =IT& is faulty! -s shown in +igure 3-
3" 'D1 .roadasts its internal lo9 soure to the neigh.or 'Ds after deter/ining not to trae
the lo9 soure of the .oard in slot 3 and deter/ining that the 6uality of the lo9 fro/ 'D2
is not good! Therefore" all the 'Ds on the networ9 trae the internal lo9 soure of 'D1!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Clo9 traing in an e;tended &&4 syste/ in the ase of faulty =IT&
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1
The e;tended &&4 protool is a proprietary protool of Huawei! It effeti0ely pre0ents the
generation of ti/ing loops .y using lo9 I,!
&+#+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that lo9s o/ply with!
Clo9s o/ply with the following standards and protools7
IT5-T <!*107 ,efinitions and ter/inology for synhroni8ation networ9s
IT5-T <!*117 Ti/ing harateristis of pri/ary referene lo9s
IT5-T <!*127 Ti/ing re6uire/ents of sla0e lo9s suita.le for use as node lo9s in
synhroni8ation networ9s
IT5-T <!3*17 &ynhroni8ation layer funtions
&+#+0 Availability
The physial layer lo9 funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards"
and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
Copyright Huawei
131@
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!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
&#1, 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
&#@,

$pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
&P3,

$pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
&P3T

$pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
&#1E

$pti% $&' ((07
11002003C00"
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
4,1 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
-5% 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#B@& 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#1BE 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#B@, 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#@1$ 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&+#+2 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for Physial #ayer Clo9s (&,H) in
the networ9 design phase and onfiguration and o//issioning phase!
Copyright Huawei
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5imitation Details
Remar,s
'etwor9 Properly plan the lo9
synhroni8ation networ9" to
pre0ent interlo9ed lo9s
and lo9 loops!
')-
Clo9 &u.net

-ll the 'Ds that trae the
sa/e lo9 soure
should .e onfigured
into the sa/e lo9
su.net!
The lo9 traing hain

annot .e e;essi0ely
long" so it is
reo//ended that a
su.net ontains not /ore
than 20 'Ds! $therwise"
lo9 preision /ay
derease!
If an 'D i/ple/ents
protetion .ased on the
&&4 protool" it /ust .e
ontained in the lo9
su.net! $therwise" the
&&4 protool fails to .e
ena.led and therefore
inorret lo9 traing
and swithing ours!
')-
Clo9 &oure

-t the .a9.one layer and
on0ergene layer" adopt
lo9 protetion and
onfigure the ati0e and
stand.y referene lo9
soures to perfor/
swithing if neessary!
-t the aess layer"
generally" onfigure one
referene lo9 soure at
the entral station and
ena.les the other stations
to trae the lo9 of the
entral station!
The entral node or high-

relia.ility node pro0ides
the lo9 soure!
5se the lo9 e;trated

fro/ &T4-' signals to
wor9 as the inter-offie
lo9! In this ase" do not
')-
Copyright Huawei
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5imitation Details
Remar,s
use the tri.utary signal
for ti/ing!
Clo9 Traing Chen the .uilding
integrated ti/ing supply
syste/ (=IT&) or another
e;ternal lo9 de0ie with
high preision is a0aila.le"
an 'D an trae the e;ternal
lo9 soure! If no =IT& or
another e;ternal lo9
de0ie with high preision is
a0aila.le" an 'D an trae
the line lo9 soure! The
internal lo9 an wor9 as
the lo9 soure with the
lowest priority!
If a line lo9 soure needs
to .e traed" ensure that the
lo9 traing route /ust .e
the shortest! The details are
pro0ided as follows7
In the ase of a ring

networ9 onsisting of
less than si; 'Ds" these
'Ds an trae the
referene lo9 soure in
one diretion!
In the ase of a ring

networ9 onsisting of si;
or /ore 'Ds" ensure that
these 'Ds trae the
the shortest path! That is"
in the ase of a networ9
onsisting of $ 'Ds" a
half of the 'Ds trae the
one diretion and the
other half of 'Ds trae
the referene lo9
soure in the other
diretion! (If $ is an odd
nu/.er" the inter/ediate
'D an trae the
either of the diretions!)
')-
Clo9 Co/pensation If /ultiple 'Ds for/ a long
hain" lo9 o/pensation is
re6uired! $therwise"
')-
Copyright Huawei
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5imitation Details
Remar,s
wanders are generated in the
lo9 signal after it is
trans/itted o0er se0eral
stations! IT5-T <!3*1
speifies that lo9
o/pensation is re6uired if
20 or /ore 'Ds for/ a long
hain! Considering the
trans/ission distane of
fi.ers" lo9 o/pensation
is perfor/ed in atual
appliation if /ore than 10
'Ds for/ a long hain!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
&&4 Protool

If the 'D needs to selet a
lo9 soure only .ased
on the preset lo9
priorities and does not
onsider the 6uality of
lo9 soures" the &&4
protool an .e disa.led!
In this ase" the lo9
networ9 an .e
unidiretional .ut annot
adopt a ring topology!
If the 'D needs to

auto/atially selet a
lo9 soure that is of
the highest 6uality and
with the highest priority"
the standard &&4
protool needs to .e
ena.led! If the lo9
networ9 onsists of
Huawei e6uip/ent and
third-party e6uip/ent"
only the standard &&4
protool an .e ena.led
and the e;tended &&4
protool annot .e
ena.led! -fter the
standard &&4 protool is
ena.led" the lo9
networ9 an .e
')-
Copyright Huawei
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5imitation Details
Remar,s
.idiretional .ut annot
adopt the ring topology!
If the 'D needs to

auto/atially selet a
lo9 soure that is of
the highest 6uality and
with the highest priority
and the lo9 networ9
onsists of only Huawei
e6uip/ent" the e;tended
&&4 protool an .e
ena.led! Cith the
onept of lo9 I,
introdued" the e;tended
&&4 protool effeti0ely
pre0ents ti/ing loops on
the lo9 networ9! -fter
the e;tended &&4
protool is ena.led" the
lo9 networ9 an .e
.idiretional and adopt a
ring topologyI howe0er"
the lo9 networ9 annot
.e interseting or tangent
with other networ9s!
&+#+4 Principles
Clo9 synhroni8ation is i/ple/ented through proesses of seletion of the lo9 soure"
e;tration of the lo9 signal" and trans/ission of the lo9 signal on an &,H networ9!
-s shown in +igure 3-*" lo9 synhroni8ation of an &,H networ9 is i/ple/ented as
follows7
- /aster lo9 is speified" and then the lo9s of the other 'Ds on this networ9 use this
lo9 as a referene! -s shown in +igure 3-*" the lo9 of 'D1 is speified as the /aster
lo9!
The lo9 signal of =IT& is sent to 'D1 through the e;ternal lo9 interfae!
'D1 plaes this lo9 signal into the &T4-' signal and then trans/its the &T4-' signal
to its neigh.ors" 'D2 and 'DB!
In the ase of the other 'Ds on the networ9" eah 'D ollets the lo9 signals that are
reei0ed .y all the loal .oards" and o/pares the priority and 6uality of the lo9
signal" therefore to selet an opti/al lo9 soure!
-fter the 'D e;trats the lo9" the P## traes the opti/al lo9 soure and lo9s on its
phase! Then" the syste/ lo9 is synhroni8ed with the opti/al lo9 soure!
The 'D sends the syste/ lo9 to the downstrea/ 'D through the line .oard! In this
/anner" the lo9 signal an .e trans/itted downstrea/!
Copyright Huawei
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C(oc- si)na( f(o%
N51
N52
N53
N5B
N55
N5D
2-S,BD-1 2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2 2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
&+#+* Con6urin Cloc,s
- sta.le lo9 is the .asis for the nor/al operation of an 'D! Oou need to onfigure the lo9s
for all the 'Ds .efore onfiguring ser0ies! In addition" you need to onfigure the lo9
protetion in the ase of a o/pliated networ9!
&+#+*+# Cloc, Con6uration Process
This setion desri.es the proess of lo9 onfiguration .ased on a flow hart!
The details of the lo9 onfiguration proess 0ary with the situation! &ee +igure 3-A" +igure
3-10" and +igure 3-11!
Figure 1.1 Configuration proess when &&4 protool is disa.led
Set s%itcin)
con!itions for
c(oc- sources
Set te c(oc-
source
re/ersion
Vie% te c(oc-
s#ncroni8ation
status
S%itc a
c(oc- source
Re?uire!
Optiona(
Set te c(oc-
source priorit#
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Figure 1.2 Configuration proess when standard &&4 protool is ena.led
Set te c(oc-
source ?ua(it#
Set te c(oc-
source priorit#
Set te c(oc-
source
protection
Set s%itcin)
con!itions for
c(oc- sources
Set te c(oc-
source
re/ersion
Vie% te c(oc-
s#ncroni8ation
status
5na$(e te stan!ar!
SS> protoco(
Set te affi(iate!
c(oc- su$net for te
N5
Re?uire!
Optiona(
Set te pase-(oc-e!
source for e3terna(
c(oc- output
S%itc a c(oc-
source
Figure 1.( Configuration proess when e;tended &&4 protool is ena.led
Set te c(oc-
source ?ua(it#
Set te c(oc-
source priorit#
Set te c(oc-
source
protection
Set s%itcin)
con!itions for
c(oc- sources
Set te c(oc-
source
re/ersion
Vie% te c(oc-
s#ncroni8ation
status
Set te pase-(oc-e!
source for e3terna(
c(oc- output
5na$(e te e3ten!e!
SS> protoco(
Set te affi(iate!
c(oc- su$net for te
N5
Set te 2D for c(oc-
S%itc a c(oc-
source
Re?uire!
Optiona(
The hori8ontal diretion of the figure shows the stages when you use the 52000 to onfigure lo9s!
The 0ertial diretion of the figure shows the relationships .etween operation tas9s at eah stage!
&+#+*+% Con6urin the N: Cloc, Source
=efore onfiguring ser0ies" you /ust onfigure the 'D lo9 soures and speify the priority
le0els to ensure that orret lo9 trae relationships are reated for all the 'Ds on the
networ9!
PrereBuisites
To i/ple/ent lo9 protetion" you /ust onfigure at least two lo9 soures for the
e6uip/ent! <enerally" the tri.utary lo9 is not used as a lo9 soure for the e6uip/ent!
-fter you set the lo9 soures for all the 'Ds" 6uery the networ9wide lo9 trae status
again! +or details" see 3!1!3!10 Euerying the Clo9 Trae &tatus!
Copyright Huawei
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Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet an 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > Cloc* > )$/sical !a/er Cloc* > Cloc* %ource
)riorit/ fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery the e;isting lo9 soures!
Step % Cli9 Create! In the Add Cloc* %ource dialog .o;" selet a new lo9 soure and li9 OK!
Step & O-tioal= If an e;ternal lo9 soure is seleted" selet Exteral Cloc* %ource Mode .ased
on the type of e;ternal lo9 signals! +or the 2 4.it)s lo9" speify the %/c$roous %tatus
B/te to deli0er the &&4 /essage!
Step 0 &elet a lo9 soure and li9 or to ad:ust its priority! The lo9
soures are arranged in a desending order! The lo9 soure at the top is the preferred lo9
soure for the 'D!
The internal lo9 soures ha0e the lowest priority .eause of its lowest preision!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/! Cli9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
If the lo9 trae relationship hanges due to the hange in the lo9 soure" the )rom-t dialog .o; is
displayed" as9ing you whether to refresh the lo9 trae relationship! Cli9 OK! If ,isable )rom-tig
Next Time is seleted" the )rom-t dialog .o; is not displayed e0en if the lo9 trae relationship
hanges!
....Ed
&+#+*+& Con6urin the Cloc, Source Protection
In a o/pliated lo9 networ9" you need to onfigure the lo9 protetion for all the 'Ds!
-fter you set the lo9 soure and speify the lo9 priority le0el for the 'Ds" you an ena.le
the standard &&4 or e;tended &&4 protool to pre0ent the 'Ds fro/ traing an inorret
lo9 soure!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet an 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > Cloc* > )$/sical !a/er Cloc* > Cloc* %ubet
Copyright Huawei
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Step # Cli9 the Cloc* %ubet ta.! Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery the e;isting para/eter settings!
Step % &elet %tart %tadard %%M )rotocol or %tart Exteded %%M )rotocol!
The sa/e &&4 protetion protool /ust .e used for the 'Ds within the sa/e lo9 protetion su.net!
Step & &et the su.net nu/.er of the lo9 su.net to whih the 'D is assoiated!
-lloate the sa/e su.net nu/.er to the 'Ds that trae the sa/e lo9 soure!
Step 0 O-tioal= If the e;tended &&4 protool is ena.led" set the lo9 I, of the lo9 soure!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/! Cli9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed!
Step 4 O-tioal= If the lo9 I, is speified for the line lo9 of an 'D" li9 the Cloc* 1, %tatus
ta." and set Eabled %tatus to Eabled! Cli9 A--l/! Cli9 Close in the O-eratio 2esult
dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
&+#+*+0 Con6urin S7itchin Conditions 8or Cloc, Sources
If an 'D traes a line lo9" you an usto/i8e swithing onditions for the lo9 soure" so
that the 'D swithes to other lo9s when the lo9 soure fails! In this /anner" ser0ies are
less affeted!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
%witc$ig fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the Cloc* %ource %witc$ig Coditio ta.!
Step # Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery the e;isting para/eter settings!
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Step % ,ou.le-li9 the para/eter olu/n and set the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are to .e
used as the lo9 soure swithing onditions to <es!
Step & Cli9 A--l/! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o;" li9 Close!
....Ed
&+#+*+2 Con6urin the Cloc, Source Reversion
Chen there are /ultiple lo9 soures for an 'D" set the lo9 soures to auto/ati re0ersion
/ode so that the deteriorated lo9 soure auto/atially .eo/es the traea.le ti/ing
referene after it reo0ers!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
%witc$ig fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the Cloc* %ource 2e&ersio )arameter ta.!
To set the lo9 soure re0ersion for /ultiple 'Ds in .athes" hoose Cofiguratio > Batc$ Cloc*
O-eratio fro/ the 4ain 4enu! Cli9 the Cloc* %ource 2e&ersio )arameter ta.! In the $.:et Tree"
selet the re6uired 'Ds and li9 !
Step # ,ou.le-li9 and set the re0ersion /ode and the CT2 ti/e!
,o not set Cloc* %ource "T2 Time3mi4 to 6 to a0oid repeated swithing when the lo9 is unsta.le!
Step % Cli9 A--l/! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o;" li9 Close!
....Ed
&+#+*+4 Con6urin the Phase'5oc,ed Source 8or :9ternal
Cloc, 3utput
Chen a lo9 signal passes through 1@ or /ore 'Ds" fre6ueny offset and drift /ay our! -s
a result" the lo9 signal trans/itted to the downstrea/ 'D is degraded! To a0oid lo9 signal
degrade" you need to set a 2 4.it)s phase-lo9ed soure to opti/i8e the lo9 signal!
Copyright Huawei
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PrereBuisites
Conte9t
-s shown in +igure 3-12" n 'Ds o/prise a long trans/ission hain and the e;ternal =IT&1
e6uip/ent is used as the lo9 synhroni8ation soure! -fter the trans/ission o0er se0eral
'Ds" the =IT&1 lo9 signals are degraded to a ertain degree! In this ase" you an output the
=IT&1 signals fro/ 'D/ that re6uires lo9 6uality o/pensation to the loal =IT&2
e6uip/ent for o/pensating the signals! Then" after the o/pensation" the lo9 signals are
trans/itted fro/ the =IT&2 e6uip/ent to 'D/" to funtion as the lo9 synhroni8ation
soure of the downstrea/ e6uip/ent! The 2 4.it)s phase-lo9ed soure of 'D/ should .e
the input lo9 soure of the west line .oard" and the lo9 synhroni8ation soure should .e
the =IT&2 P2C input e;ternally!
Figure 1.1 Typial appliation
72'S1 72'S2
N51 N5" N5n
%est east
C(oc- Si)na( F(o%
%est %est
To /a9e sure that the =IT&2 e6uip/ent reei0es lo9 signals fro/ 'D/ orretly" you need
to set the output e;ternal lo9 of 'D/! Perfor/ the settings .ased on the para/eters of the
=IT&2 e6uip/ent and /a9e sure that the settings on 'D/ are onsistent with the settings on
the =IT&2 e6uip/ent!
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet an 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > Cloc* > )$/sical !a/er Cloc* > )$ase.!oc*ed
%ource Out-ut b/ Exteral Cloc* fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Cli9 the Exteral Cloc* Out-ut )$ase.!oc*ed %ource ta.! Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery the
e;isting para/eter settings!
Step % Cli9 the 2 Mbit0s )$ase.!oc*ed %ource Exteral Cloc* Attributes ta.! &et the para/eters
/anually" inluding Exteral Cloc* Out-ut Mode" Exteral Cloc* Out-ut Timeslot" and
Exteral %ource Out-ut T$res$old!
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....Ed
&+#+*+* Settin the Cloc, Source <uality
In a o/ple; lo9 networ9" there /ay .e so/e un9nown lo9 soures! Oou an unifor/ly
define these lo9 soures as una0aila.le lo9s so that 'Ds do not trae wrong lo9 soures!
The 'D o.tains the 6uality infor/ation of lo9 soures auto/atially! Therefore" define the
6uality le0els of lo9 soures only during test and /aintenane!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the Cloc* +ualit/ ta.!
Step # Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery the e;isting para/eter settings!
Step % Cli9 the Cloc* %ource +ualit/ ta. and set Cofiguratio +ualit/ to a re6uired le0el!
<enerally" use the default Automatic Extractio!
Step 0 If the 6uality le0el of a lo9 soure is 8ero" you an speify the le0el /anually! Cli9 the
Maual %ettig of 6 +ualit/ !e&el ta. and set Maual %ettig of 6 +ualit/ !e&el to a
re6uired le0el!
To set the lo9 soure 6uality for /ultiple 'Ds in .athes" hoose Cofiguratio > Batc$ Cloc*
O-eratio fro/ the 4ain 4enu! Cli9 the Maual %ettig of 6 +ualit/ !e&el ta.! In the $.:et Tree"
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o;" li9 Close!
....Ed
&+#+*+1 Con6urin the SS. 3utput
If the standard &&4 or e;tended &&4 protool is ena.led" the lo9 signals arry &&4
/essages! Oou an pre0ent lo9 soures fro/ sending &&4 /essages to other lo9 su.nets!
This helps you to ensure that the e6uip/ent of different lo9 su.nets does not affet eah
other at the edge of lo9 networ9s!
Copyright Huawei
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PrereBuisites
Procedure
Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the %%M Out-ut Cotrol ta.!
Step # &et the Cotrol %tatus of the lo9 soure!
Step % Cli9 A--l/! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o;" li9 Close!
....Ed
&+#+*+/ Vie7in Cloc, SynchroniEation Status
If the lo9s .etween 'Ds in the networ9 are not synhronous" the pointer :ustifiation" .it
error" e0en ser0ie interruption /ay our on 'D! 5sing the 52000" you an learn and
/onitor the synhroni8ation status of the 'D lo9s!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet an 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > Cloc* > )$/sical !a/er Cloc* > Cloc*
%/c$roiAatio %tatus fro/ the +untion Tree!
To 0iew the lo9 synhroni8ation status of 'Ds in .athes" hoose Cofiguratio > Batc$ Cloc*
O-eratio fro/ the 4ain 4enu! Then" li9 the Cloc* %/c$roiAatio %tatus ta.! In the $.:et Tree"
Step # Cli9 +uer/! Oou an 0iew the infor/ation a.out the lo9 synhroni8ation status on the 'D
side!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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&+#+*+#" <ueryin the Cloc, Trace Status
Corret lo9 trae relationships are ritial to the lo9 synhroni8ation within the entire
networ9! Oou an learn a.out and /onitor the lo9 trae status of eah 'D .y using the
52000!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Choose 'iew > Mai To-olog/ fro/ the 4ain Topology!
Step # In the drop-down list of Curret 'iew" selet Cloc* 'iew!
Step % 2ight-li9 in Cloc* 'iew and hoose %earc$ Cloc* !i* fro/ the shortut /enu!
Step & In the %earc$ Cloc* !i* dialog .o;" li9 OK!
Step 0 If the lo9 trae relationship hanges" the )rom-t dialog .o; is displayed" as9ing you
whether to refresh the lo9 trae relationship! Cli9 <es! Chen the searh for the lo9 trae
relationship is o/plete" Cloc* 'iew displays the latest lo9 trae status!
....Ed
&+#+*+## Chec,in the Cloc, S7itchin Status
Clo9 failure /ay interrupt ser0ies! Che9ing the lo9 swithing status ena.les you to
detet failure in the lo9 soure in ti/e!
PrereBuisites
The referene lo9 soure /ust .e set!
Procedure
%witc$ig fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Cli9 the Cloc* %ource %witc$ig ta." and li9 +uer/ to 6uery the urrent swithing status
of the urrent lo9 soure!
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Step % In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o;" li9 Close!
....Ed
&+#+*+#% S7itchin a Cloc, Source
Chen the traed lo9 soure in a networ9 deteriorates" 'Ds /ay not .e a.le to e;eute a
swith on the lo9 soure! Oou need to /anually swith the lo9 soure to pre0ent lo9
deterioration fro/ affeting the nor/al running of 'Ds!
PrereBuisites
The lo9 soure has .een reated!
Precautions
Perfor/ing lo9 soure swithing /ay ause ser0ie interruption!
Procedure
%witc$ig fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the Cloc* %ource %witc$ig ta.!
Step # Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery the urrent swithing status of a lo9 soure!
Step % O-tioal= If the !oc* %tatus para/eter is !oc*" right-li9 and hoose 2elease !oc*out!
Step & 2ight-li9 the lo9 soure that you want to swith and hoose a swithing operation!
=efore swithing the lo9 soure" /a9e sure that the new lo9 soure that is not lo9ed and that is of a
good 6uality is reated in the priority ta.le!
Step 0 O-tioal= To restore the auto/ati lo9 soure seletion /ode" right-li9 the swithed
lo9 soure and hoose Clear %witc$ig!
Step 2 In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o;" li9 Close!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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&+#+*+#& Con6urin the -reBuency 3@set Detection
=y setting Fre?uec/ Offset ,etectio to Eabled" users an ena.le a switho0er fro/ the
urrently traed lo9 soure to a higher 6uality lo9 soure when the fre6ueny offset of the
urrently traed lo9 soure is out of the per/itted range!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet an 'D and hoose Cofiguratio > Cloc* > )$/sical !a/er Cloc* > Cloc*
%/c$roiAatio %tatus fro/ the +untion Tree!
To 0iew the lo9 synhroni8ation status of 'Ds in .athes" hoose Cofiguratio > Batc$ Cloc*
O-eratio fro/ the 4ain 4enu! Then" li9 the Cloc* %/c$roiAatio %tatus ta.! In the $.:et Tree"
selet the target 'Ds and li9 !
Step # Cli9 +uer/ to see whether fre6ueny offset detetion is ena.led!
Step % If Fre?uec/ Offset ,etectio is ,isabled" hange it to Eabled and then li9 A--l/!
....Ed
&+#+1 Con6urin Cloc,s ;hen the SS. Protocol Is
Disabled
Chen the &&4 is disa.led" it indiates that the &1 .yte is not used! In this ase" the lo9
soure is seleted and swithed only .ased on the priority list! The lo9 soure with the
highest priority funtions as the traed soure!
&+#+1+# Case Description
If the &&4 protool is disa.led" the lo9 protetion swithing is perfor/ed on eah 'D
.ased on the preset lo9 soure priority list only when the lo9 soure of a higher le0el is
lost!
The following two networ9ing senarios are onsidered as e;a/ples7
If no e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent is a0aila.le" lo9s of all the 'Ds are synhroni8ed with
the internal lo9 soure of a ertain 'D! -s shown in +igure 3-13" lo9s of 'D2 to
'DB are synhroni8ed with the internal lo9 soure of 'D1! The lo9 signal flow in
+igure 3-13 shows the traing ondition of the lo9 signal when the networ9 is nor/al!
If one set of e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent is a0aila.le in the networ9" lo9s of all the 'Ds
are synhroni8ed with this e;ternal lo9 soure! -s shown in +igure 3-1@" lo9s of
'D1 to 'DB are synhroni8ed with the e;ternal lo9 soure =IT&! The lo9 signal
flow in +igure 3-1@ shows the traing ondition of the lo9 signal when the networ9 is
nor/al!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ when no e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent is a0aila.le
C(oc- si)na( f(o%
N51
N52
N53
N5B
N55
N5D
2-S,BD-1 2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2 2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.2 'etwor9ing diagra/ when one set of e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent is a0aila.le
C(oc- si)na( f(o%
N51
N5D
N55
N5B
N53
N52
72'S
2-S,BD-1 2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2 2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
Service Plannin
Chen one set of e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent is a0aila.le in the networ9" the /ode of all the
e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent is 2 4.it)s" and the ti/eslot is &-@!
&+#+1+% Con6urin Cloc,s ;hen No :9ternal :Buipment Is
Available
Chen no e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent is a0aila.le" the internal lo9 soure of an 'D an .e
used as the lo9 referene of the entire networ9 and the lo9s of the other 'Ds are
synhroni8ed with this internal lo9 soure! In this ase" you only need to perfor/
onfigurations so that the lo9s of these 'Ds trae the internal lo9 soure!
PrereBuisites
Copyright Huawei
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Procedure
Configure the lo9 soure priority for eah 'D! +or details" see 3!1!3!2 Configuring the 'D Clo9 &oure!
&et the following para/eter for 'D17
Clo9 soure7 internal lo9 soure
&et the following para/eter for 'D2 to 'D@7
Clo9 soure7 line soure pro0ided .y the optial interfae of the upstrea/ 'D that is
onneted to optial interfae 2 of the line .oard in slot 2" and internal lo9 soure
&et the following para/eter for 'D( and 'DB7
....Ed
&+#+1+& Con6urin Cloc,s ;hen 3ne Set o8 :9ternal Cloc,
:Buipment Is Available
Chen one set of e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent is a0aila.le" all the 'Ds in the networ9 onsider the
lo9 of the e6uip/ent as a lo9 referene with high priority for traing!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
&et the following para/eters for 'D17
Clo9 soure7 e;ternal lo9 soure 1 (=IT&)" internal lo9 soure
D;ternal lo9 soure /ode
&ynhroni8ation status .yte
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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&+#+/ Con6urin Cloc,s ;hen the SS. Protocol Is
:nabled
Chen Huawei e6uip/ent and the e6uip/ent of other 0endors for/ a networ9" ena.le the
standard &&4 protool for Huawei e6uip/ent .eause the e6uip/ent of other 0endors does
not support the e;tended &&4 protool!
&+#+/+# Case Description
-fter the standard &&4 protool is ena.led" an 'D perfor/s protetion swithing on lo9
soures .ased on the infor/ation a.out the lo9 6uality le0el pro0ided .y the &1 .yte! If the
lo9 soures are of the sa/e 6uality" the 'D perfor/s protetion swithing .ased on the
lo9 soure priority list! That is" the 'D selets the lo9 soure with the highest 6uality and
priority that is not lo9ed fro/ the a0aila.le lo9 soures as the traed lo9 soure for the
loal station!
Service ReBuirement
The following networ9ing senario is onsidered as an e;a/ple! Two sets of e;ternal lo9
e6uip/ent e;ist in the networ9" and lo9s of all 'Ds are synhroni8ed with the ati0e
e;ternal lo9 soure! Chen the 'D annot trae the ati0e lo9 soure" the 'D selets to
trae the stand.y lo9 soure! &ee +igure 3-1(! Clo9s of 'D1 to 'DB are all synhroni8ed
with the e;ternal lo9 soure =IT&1! The lo9 signal flow in +igure 3-1( shows the traing
ondition of the lo9 signal when the networ9 is nor/al!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Dna.ling the standard &&4 protool
2-S,BD-1
N51
N5D
N55
N5B
N53
N52
72'S1
72'S2
2-S,BD-1 c(oc- source
2nterna( c(oc- source
72'S1 c(oc- source
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2 2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
C(oc- source priorit# (ist
C(oc- si)na( f(o%
72'S2 c(oc- source
Service Plannin
-ll the 'Ds are di0ided into lo9 su.net 1! The /ode of all the e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent is 2
4.it)s" and the ti/eslot is &-@!
The two sets of the e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent pro0ide the lo9 signal of the sa/e le0el!
&+#+/+% Con6uration Process
Chen the &&4 protool is ena.led" onsider the 6uality le0el of the lo9 soure in addition
to its priority when you onfigure lo9s" to ensure that the 'D traes the lo9 soure with
the .est 6uality and the highest priority!
Procedure
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Clo9 soure7 e;ternal lo9 soure 1 that is onneted to =IT&1" optial interfae that is
onneted to the downstrea/ 'D through optial interfae 1 of the line .oard in slot 2"
and internal lo9 soure
D;ternal lo9 soure /ode7 2 4.it)s
&ynhronous status .yte7 &-@
&et the following para/eter for 'D2 and 'D37
Clo9 soure7 optial interfae that is onneted to the upstrea/ 'D through optial
interfae 2 of the line .oard in slot 2" optial interfae that is onneted to the
downstrea/ 'D through optial interfae 1 of the line .oard in slot 2" and internal lo9
soure
&et the following para/eters for 'D@7
downstrea/ 'D through optial interfae 1 of the line .oard in slot 2" e;ternal lo9
soure 1 that is onneted to =IT&2" and internal lo9 soure
soure
Step # Dna.le the &&4 protool for eah 'D! +or details" see 3!1!3!3 Configuring the Clo9 &oure
Protetion!
&et the following para/eter for 'D1 to 'DB7
Protetion status7 ena.ling the standard &&4 protool
Step % Configure the affiliated lo9 su.net of eah 'D! +or details" see 3!1!3!3 Configuring the
Clo9 &oure Protetion!
-ffiliated su.net7 1
....Ed
&+#+#" Con6urin Cloc,s ;hen the :9tended SS.
Protocol Is :nabled
The e;tended &&4 protool supports funtions of the standard &&4 protool! The e;tended
&&4 protool an pre0ent ourrene of ti/ing loops due to the appliation of the lo9
soure I,! Chen the e6uip/ent of Huawei for/s a networ9 independently" it is reo//ended
that you ena.le the e;tended &&4 protool!
&+#+#"+# Case Description
-fter the e;tended &&4 protool is ena.led" the lo9 6uality le0el" priority" and I, are
onsidered! Chen reei0ing the lo9 signal with an I," an 'D deter/ines the soure of the
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signal! If the signal is trans/itted fro/ this 'D" this lo9 soure is onsidered as una0aila.le!
Hene" this 'D an identify the lo9 signal trans/itted fro/ it e0en after a long distane of
trans/ission o0er se0eral 'Ds! In this /anner" ourrene of ti/ing loops is pre0ented!
Service ReBuirement
The following onsiders two networ9ing senarios as e;a/ples7
In the networ9" two sets of e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent are a0aila.le and lo9s of all the
'Ds are synhroni8ed with the ati0e e;ternal lo9 soure! Chen the ati0e e;ternal
lo9 soure annot .e traed" a lo9 swithing is perfor/ed so that the 'Ds trae the
stand.y lo9 soure! -s shown in +igure 3-1B" lo9s of 'D1 to 'DB are synhroni8ed
with the ati0e e;ternal lo9 soure =IT&1! The lo9 signal flow in +igure 3-1B shows
the traing ondition of the lo9 signal when the networ9 is nor/al!
In the networ9" two sets of e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent are a0aila.le and lo9s of all the
'Ds are synhroni8ed with the ati0e e;ternal lo9 soure! Chen the ati0e e;ternal
lo9 soure annot .e traed" a lo9 swithing is perfor/ed so that the 'Ds trae the
stand.y lo9 soure! In addition" to ensure that the downstrea/ 'Ds an trae the lo9
signal of high 6uality o0er a long distane of trans/ission on this long lin9" lo9
o/pensation is re6uired on the 'Ds of the lin9! -s shown in +igure 3-13" lo9s of 'D1
to 'D1* are synhroni8ed with the ati0e e;ternal lo9 soure =IT&1I =IT&3 is used
for lo9 o/pensationI =IT&2 funtions as the stand.y lo9 soure! The lo9 signal
flow in +igure 3-13 shows the traing ondition of the lo9 signal when the networ9 is
nor/al!
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Figure 1.1 2ing networ9
N51
N5D
N55
N5B
N53
N52
72'S1
72'S2
C(oc- si)na( f(o%
2-S,BD-1 2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2 2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2
2-S,BD-1
72'S2 c(oc- source
72'S1 c(oc- source
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Figure 1.2 #ong hain
72'S2 72'S3 72'S1
N51 N52 N58 N59 N510 N517 N518
2-S,BD-2 2-S,BD-1 2-S,BD-2 2-S,BD-1 2-S,BD-2 2-S,BD-1 2-S,BD-2 2-S,BD-1 2-S,BD-2 2-S,BD-1 2-S,BD-2 2-S,BD-1
2-S,BD-2 c(oc-
source
2nterna( c(oc-
source
72'S1 c(oc-
source
2-S,BD-2 c(oc-
source
2nterna( c(oc-
source
2-S,BD-1 c(oc-
source
2-S,BD-2 c(oc-
source
2nterna( c(oc-
source
2-S,BD-1 c(oc-
source
2-S,BD-2 c(oc-
source
2nterna( c(oc-
source
2-S,BD-1 c(oc-
source
72'S3 c(oc-
source
2-S,BD-2 c(oc-
source
2nterna( c(oc-
source
2-S,BD-1 c(oc-
source
2-S,BD-2 c(oc-
source
2nterna( c(oc-
source
2-S,BD-1 c(oc-
source
72'S2 c(oc-
source
2nterna( c(oc-
source
2-S,BD-1 c(oc-
source
C(oc- si)na( f(o%
Service Plannin
In the ase of the ring networ97
-ll the 'Ds are di0ided into lo9 su.net 1! The /ode of all the e;ternal lo9
e6uip/ent is 2 4.it)s" and the ti/eslot is &-@!
The two sets of the e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent pro0ide the lo9 signal of the sa/e le0el!
In the ase of a long hain" all the 'Ds are di0ided into lo9 su.net 1! The /ode of all the
e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent is 2 4.it)s" and the ti/eslot is &-@!
&+#+#"+% Con6urin a Rin Net7or,
-fter the e;tended &&4 protool is ena.led" you need to alloate I,s for lo9 soures in the
networ9 aording to onfiguration priniples!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
onneted to the upstrea/ 'D through optial interfae 2 of the line .oard in slot 2"
optial interfae that is onneted to the downstrea/ 'D through optial interfae 1 of
the line .oard in slot 2" and internal lo9 soure
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&et the following para/eter for 'D2 and 'D37
soure
&et the following para/eters for 'D@7
downstrea/ 'D through optial interfae 1 of the line .oard in slot 2" e;ternal lo9
soure 1 that is onneted to =IT&2" and internal lo9 soure
soure
Step # Configure the affiliated lo9 su.net of eah 'D! +or details" see 3!1!3!3 Configuring the
-ffiliated &u.net7 1
Step % Dna.le the e;tended &&4 protool for eah 'D! +or details a.out the operations" see 3!1!3!3
Configuring the Clo9 &oure Protetion!
Protetion status7 ena.ling the e;tended &&4 protool
Step & Configure the lo9 I, for eah lo9 soure! +or details a.out the operations" see 3!1!3!3
Configuring the Clo9 &oure Protetion!
Clo9 soure I,7 &et the lo9 soure I, of =IT&1 to 1 and the lo9 I, of the internal
lo9 soure to 3!
&et the following para/eter for 'D@7
lo9 soure to @!
....Ed
&+#+#"+& Con6urin a 5on Transmission Chain
=y o/pensating lo9 signals" you an ensure that lo9s of all the 'Ds on a long
trans/ission hain are synhroni8ed with the lo9 soure of high 6uality!
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PrereBuisites
Procedure
onneted to the upstrea/ 'D through optial interfae 2 of the line .oard in slot 2" and
internal lo9 soure
&et the following para/eter for 'D2 to 'D* and 'D10 to 'D137
soure
&et the following para/eters for 'DA7
onneted to the upstrea/ 'D through optial interfae 1 of the line .oard in slot 2"
optial interfae that is onneted to the downstrea/ 'D through optial interfae 2 of
the line .oard in slot 2" and internal lo9 soure
&et the following para/eters for 'D1*7
interfae 1 of the line .oard in slot 2" e;ternal lo9 soure 1 that is onneted to =IT&2"
and internal lo9 soure
Step # Configure the affiliated lo9 su.net of eah 'D! +or details" see 3!1!3!3 Configuring the
&et the following para/eter for 'D1 to 'D1*7
Step % Dna.le the e;tended &&4 protool for eah 'D! +or details" see 3!1!3!3 Configuring the Clo9
&oure Protetion!
&et the following para/eter for 'D1 to 'D1*7
Step & Configure the lo9 I, for eah lo9 soure! +or details" see 3!1!3!3 Configuring the Clo9
&oure Protetion!
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lo9 soure to 3!
&et the following para/eter for 'DA7
Clo9 soure I,7 &et the lo9 soure I, of =IT&3 to 2!
&et the following para/eter for 'D1*7
Clo9 soure I,7 &et the lo9 soure I, of =IT&2 to @ and the lo9 I, of the internal
lo9 soure to (!
The lo9 soure I, an .e set to any 0alue within the per/itted range!
Step 0 Configure the traing /ode of the 24 phase-lo9ed loop for 'DA! +or details" see 3!1!3!B
Configuring the Phase-#o9ed &oure for D;ternal Clo9 $utput!
&et the following para/eters7
D;ternal lo9 output /ode when 24 output synhroni8ation soure is in0alid7 shut off
$utput i/pedane of e;ternal lo9 soure 17 sa/e as the 0alue of the para/eter set for
=IT&3
$utput /ode of e;ternal lo9 soure 17 sa/e as the 0alue of the para/eter set for
=IT&3
....Ed
&+#+## Related Alarms and Per8ormance :vents
This topi desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are related to lo9s!
&+#+#% Cloc, Con6uration Parameters
Clo9s are one of .asi 'D onfigurations! Chen onfiguring a lo9" you need to set
para/eters in0ol0ing lo9 soures" lo9 protetion" lo9 6uality" and reti/ing
/anage/ent!
&+#+#%+# .anain :9ternal Cloc, Sources
To use an e;ternal lo9 as the lo9 soure" you need to set rele0ant para/eters suh as the
output /ode" output ti/eslot" and output threshold of the e;ternal lo9 soure!
Ta.le 3-3 lists para/eters for onfiguring the output phase-lo9ed soure ta.le of an e;ternal
lo9!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring the output phase-lo9ed soure ta.le of an e;ternal lo9
'D 'a/e +or e;a/ple" 'D(A-1001) ,isplays the na/e of an 'D!
D;ternal Clo9
$utput 4ode
Chen 24
$utput
&ynhronous
&oure Is
&ynhroni8ation Euality
5na0aila.le" $utput -I&"
&hut off
,efault 0alue7 &hut off
D;ternal Clo9 $utput 4ode Chen 24
$utput &ynhronous &oure Is In0alid
speifies an ation to ontrol the output
/ode of e;ternal lo9 soures when all
the lo9 soures in the 24 phase-
lo9ed soure priority ta.le .eo/e
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In0alid in0alid or when the lo9 6uality of the
seleted soure is inferior to the output
6uality threshold of e;ternal lo9
soures!
In atual appliation" this para/eter an
.e set aording to re6uire/ents of the
opposite 'D that is onneted to the
speifi e;ternal lo9! =y default" this
para/eter is set to %$ut off!
$utput
I/pedane of
D;ternal Clo9
&oure 1
+or e;a/ple" 120 oh/s &peifies the output i/pedane of
e;ternal lo9 1!
$utput
I/pedane of
D;ternal Clo9
&oure 2
+or e;a/ple" 120 oh/s &peifies the output i/pedane of
e;ternal lo9 2!
$utput 4ode of
D;ternal Clo9
&oure 1
2 4.it)s" 2 4H8
,efault 0alue7 2 4.it)s
&peifies the output /ode of e;ternal
lo9 1!
$utput 4ode of
D;ternal Clo9
&oure 2
2 4.it)s" 2 4H8
&peifies the output /ode of e;ternal
lo9 2!
Clo9 &oure
Threshold
'o Threshold 1alue" <!*13
&DT& &ignal" <!*12 #o9
Clo9 &ignal" <!*12 Transit
Clo9 &ignal" <!*11 Clo9
&ignal
,efault 0alue7 'o Threshold
1alue
Cloc* %ource T$res$old indiates the
lower threshold for 6uality of a 24
e;ternal lo9 soure! Chen the lo9
6uality of the e;ternal lo9 soure that
is seleted fro/ the 24 phase-lo9ed
soure priority ta.le is inferior to the
threshold" the 24 phase-lo9ed soure
.eo/es in0alid" and the ation
speified for 24 phase-lo9ed soure
failure is in0o9ed to ontrol the e;ternal
lo9 soure output!
In atual appliation" the output 6uality
threshold of e;ternal lo9 soures is
deter/ined aording to the lo9
6uality infor/ation a.out loal and
opposite 'Ds!
Ta.le 3-@ lists para/eters onfiguring the 24 phase-lo9ed soure attri.utes of an e;ternal
lo9!
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Table 1.2 Para/eters for onfiguring the 24 phase-lo9ed soure attri.utes of an e;ternal lo9
24 Phase-
#o9ed &oure
'u/.er
+or e;a/ple" 'D(A-
((A()-24 phase-lo9ed
soure 1
,isplays the nu/.er of the e;ternal lo9
soure output!
D;ternal Clo9
$utput &with
$pen" Close $pens or loses the output swith of an
e;ternal lo9 soure!
D;ternal Clo9
$utput 4ode
2 4H8" 2 4.it)s
Exteral Cloc* Out-ut Mode sets the
output /ode of an e;ternal lo9 soure to
2 4.it)s or 2 4H8!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
=it errors /ay our in ser0ies .eause
hanging the output /ode of an e;ternal
lo9 soure /ay ause lo9 soure
swithing!
The input /ode of the two hannels of
e;ternal lo9 signals an .e set to 2 4H8
or 2 4.it)s! The default input /ode is 2
4.it)s! In atual appliation" ensure that
the output /ode /athes the input /ode
on the reei0e end!
D;ternal Clo9
$utput Ti/eslot
&-@" &-(" &-B" &-3"
&-*" -ll 0ersions
,efault 0alue7 -ll
0ersions
Exteral Cloc* Out-ut Timeslot
para/eter sets the output ti/eslot for the
&1 .yte of an e;ternal lo9 soure! The
e;ternal lo9 soure trans/its the &1 .yte
through ertain ti/eslots! -fter starting the
&&4 protool" the ti/eslot for reei0ing
the &1 .yte /ust .e the sa/e as that for
trans/itting the &1 .yte to ensure that the
&1 .yte an .e reei0ed orretly!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
Chen the &&4 protool is ena.led on an
'D" setting the &1 .yte /ay result in lo9
soure swithing! This /ay .ring .it errors
to ser0ies when lo9 :itters our!
Exteral Cloc* Out-ut Mode is set to 2
Mbit0s!
D;ternal &oure
$utput
Threshold
Threshold ,isa.led" 'ot
Inferior to <!*13 &DT&
&ignal" 'ot Inferior to
<!*12 #oal Clo9
<!*12 Transit Clo9
<!*11 Clo9 &ignal
Exteral %ource Out-ut T$res$old sets
the output 6uality threshold of an e;ternal
lo9 soure! Chen the output 6uality of
the e;ternal lo9 soure is inferior to the
threshold" the ation speified for 24
phase-lo9ed soure failure is in0o9ed to
ontrol the e;ternal lo9 soure output!
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,efault 0alue7 Threshold
,isa.led
The output 6uality of the e;ternal lo9
soure should not .e inferior to the
speified 6uality threshold! Therefore" the
6uality threshold should .e set to a 0alue
that is s/aller than or e6ual to the output
lo9 6uality le0el!
This para/eter is 0alid only when
)rotectio %tatus is set to %tart %tadard
%%M )rotocol!
24 Phase-
#o9ed &oure
+ail Condition
'o +ailure Condition"
-I&" #$+" -I& $2 #$+
,efault 0alue7 'o +ailure
Condition
2M )$ase.!oc*ed %ource Fail Coditio
sets the failure ondition of a 24 phase-
lo9ed soure!
24 Phase-
#o9ed &oure
+ail -tion
&hut ,own $utput" &end
-I&" 24 $utput &1 =yte
5na0aila.le
,efault 0alue7 &hut ,own
$utput
2M )$ase.!oc*ed %ource Fail Actio
speifies the ation to .e in0o9ed when a
24 phase-lo9ed soure fails! Chen the
referene lo9 signal for lo9ing e;ternal
lo9 output is in0alid or inferior to the
threshold" the speifi ation is in0o9ed to
ontrol the e;ternal lo9 output .y either
shutting down the output or inserting an
-I& alar/!
Chen a 24 phase-lo9ed soure is in0alid"
output ation an .e set as re6uired! Chen
Exteral Cloc* Out-ut Mode is set to 2
M>A" the output of e;ternal lo9 signal is
shut down no /atter what ation is set!
&+#+#%+% Con6urin Cloc, Protection and Restoration
Oou need to onfigure neessary protetion for lo9s so 'Ds an .e synhroni8ed properly!
Ta.le 3-( lists para/eters for onfiguring lo9 protetion and restoration!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring lo9 protetion and restoration
'D 'a/e +or e;a/ple" 'D(A-
((A()
,isplays the na/e of an 'D!
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Higher Priority
Clo9 &oure
2e0ersion 4ode
'on-2e0erti0e" -uto-
2e0erti0e
2e0erti0e
>ig$er )riorit/ Cloc* %ource 2e&ersio
Mode speifies whether to swith fro/ the
lower-priority lo9 soure .a9 to the
higher-priority lo9 soure after the higher-
priority lo9 soure is restored!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If onditions for lo9 soure swithing are
e;essi0ely strit" :itters /ay our in the
/onitoring results of the lo9 status! If the
auto-re0erti0e /ode is seleted" fre6uent
lo9 soure swithing ours and ser0ies
/ay .e affeted!
If onditions for lo9 soure swithing are
properly set and proper lo9 soure
swithing an .e guaranteed" Auto.2e&erti&e
an .e seleted to i/pro0e lo9 6uality!
$therwise" No.2e&erti&e is reo//ended
to a0oid lo9 :itters!
Clo9 &oure
CT2 Ti/e(/in)
0 to 12
,efault 0alue7 (
Cloc* %ource "T2 Time3mi4 speifies the
wait-to-restore (CT2) ti/e when >ig$er
)riorit/ Cloc* %ource 2e&ersio Mode is
set to Auto.2e&erti&e! Chen a lo9 soure
is reo0ered" the syste/ does not regard it as
a 0alid soure i//ediately .ut 0erifies its
0alidity in a speifi period of ti/e! The
syste/ regards the lo9 soure as a 0alid
soure only if the lo9 soure re/ains 0alid
during the speifi period of ti/e! This
speifi period of ti/e is alled the CT2
ti/e for a lo9 soure!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
=eause the insuffiient CT2 ti/e /ay
result in wrong :udg/ents on lo9 soure
restoration and lo9 status :itters" ser0ies
/ay .e interrupted if insuffiient CT2 ti/e
is set!
The C2T ti/e is ounted in /inutes! $n the
one hand" the shorter the CT2 ti/e is" the
faster the lo9 is reo0ered" and the higher
the a0erage lo9 6uality is! $n the other
hand" the shorter the CT2 ti/e is" the /ore
li9ely the lo9 :itters are aused due to
unsta.le lo9 signals! Therefore" do not set
the CT2 ti/e to 6 in atual appliation!
The setting of the CT2 ti/e is 0alid only
when >ig$er )riorit/ Cloc* %ource
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2e&ersio Mode is set to Auto.2e&erti&e!
Clo9 &oure +or e;a/ple" Internal
Clo9 &oure
,isplays the na/e of the lo9 soure!
-I& -lar/
<enerated
Oes" 'o
,efault 0alue7 'o
A1% Alarm 9eerated speifies whether an
-I& alar/ is a ondition for triggering lo9
soure swithing!
It is that you set the -I& alar/ as the
ondition for triggering lo9 soure
swithing in atual appliation to ensure
syste/ perfor/ane!
=1 =D2
Threshold-
Crossing
<enerated
Oes" 'o
,efault 0alue7 'o
B1 BE2 T$res$old.Crossig 9eerated
speifies whether a =1 =D2 threshold-
rossing alar/ is a ondition for triggering
lo9 soure swithing! =1 =D2 Threshold-
Crossing alar/ is an indiator for /easuring
the perfor/ane of lo9 soure signals!
- =1 =D2 threshold-rossing alar/ indiates
that the trans/itted signal and the lo9 in the
signal are .eing interfered! Therefore" this
para/eter an .e set as a ondition for
triggering lo9 soure swithing in atual
appliation to ensure syste/ perfor/ane!
2#$&" 2#$+
and $$+ -lar/s
<enerated
Oes ,isplays whether 2H#$&" 2H#$+ and $$+
alar/s are onditions for triggering
swithing! If the 2H#$&" 2H#$+" or $$+
alar/ is reported" an 'D onsiders that the
orresponding lo9 soure fails!
=y default" this para/eter is set to <es and
annot .e hanged!
C1 Threshold-
Crossing
<enerated
Oes" 'o &peifies whether C1 threshold-rossing
e0ents are onditions for triggering swithing!
If this para/eter is set to <es" an 'D
onsiders that the orresponding lo9 soure
fails!when C1 threshold-rossing ours in
the 'D
C1 Threshold - ,isplays the C1 threshold!
=2HD%C -lar/
<enerated
Oes" 'o
,efault 0alue7 'o
B28EFC Alarm 9eerated speifies
whether a =2HD%C alar/ is a ondition for
triggering lo9 soure swithing! =2HD%C
alar/ is an indiator for /easuring the
perfor/ane of lo9 soure signals!
- =2HD%C alar/ indiates that the
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trans/itted signal and the lo9 in the signal
are .eing interfered! Therefore" this para/eter
an .e set as a ondition for triggering lo9
soure swithing in atual appliation to
ensure syste/ perfor/ane!
Dffeti0e &tatus 1alid" In0alid &peifies whether the lo9 soure is 0alid!
This para/eter is used for 6uery only!
#o9 &tatus #o9" 5nlo9
,efault 0alue7 5nlo9
!oc* %tatus indiates the lo9 status of a
lo9 soure in the priority ta.le!
&withing &oure +or e;a/ple" 1-&#1,-
1(&,H-1)
,isplays the lo9 soure to .e traed .y the
'D after swithing!
&withing &tatus +ored &withing"
4anual &withing"
'or/al
,isplays the swithing status of the urrent
lo9 soure!
&+#+#%+& Cloc, <uality and Status .anaement
Oou an /anage the 6uality and status of a lo9 to ensure the sta.ility and preision of the
lo9 soure that is urrently traed!
Ta.le 3-B lists the para/eters that are used for /anaging the 6uality and status of a lo9!
Table 1.1 Para/eter desription7 lo9 synhroni8ation status
'D 'a/e +or e;a/ple" 'D(A-
((A()
,isplays the na/e of the 'D!
'D Clo9
Cor9ing 4ode
'or/al 4ode"
Holdo0er 4ode" +ree-
2un 4ode
,efault 0alue7 -
The NE Cloc* "or*ig Mode para/eter is
used to set the urrent wor9ing /ode of the
syste/ lo9 to the nor/al" holdo0er or free-
run /ode!
'or/al 4ode7 Indiates that the 'D lo9

wor9s in the traing /ode! That is" the 'D
lo9 traes and lo9s the wor9ing /ode
of its upper-le0el lo9!
Holdo0er 4ode7 Indiates that the 'D

lo9 wor9s in the holdo0er /ode! That
is" in this /ode" the 'D lo9 uses the
fre6ueny infor/ation that is stored
.efore all ti/ing referene signals are lost
as its ti/ing referene!
+ree-2un 4ode7 Indiates that the 'D

lo9 wor9s in the free-run /ode! That is"
the internal osillator wor9s in this /ode
when all e;ternal ti/ing referene signals
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
are lost!
&1 =yte
&ynhroni8ation
Euality
Infor/ation
&ynhronous &oure
5na0aila.le" Euality
5n9nown" <!*11
2eferene Clo9"
<!*12 Transit Clo9"
<!*12 #oal Clo9"
&,H e6uip/ent ti/ing
soure (&DT&) signal
,efault 0alue7 -
The %1 B/te %/c$roiAatio +ualit/
1formatio para/eter indiates the
synhroni8ation 6uality infor/ation in the &1
.yte that is output .y the urrent traed
synhronous soure! The &1 .yte defined .y
the IT5T is used to trans/it the 6uality
infor/ation a.out the lo9 soures! It
indiates the 6uality infor/ation of 1B types
of synhronous soures with .its (-* of the
&1 .yte in the setion o0erhead! Cith this
6uality infor/ation and ertain swithing
protools" the auto/ati protetion swithing
of the synhroni8ation lo9 an .e reali8ed
in the synhronous networ9!
&1 =yte Clo9
&ynhronous
&oure
+or e;a/ple" Internal
Clo9 &oure
,isplays the lo9 soure that is traed .y the
lo9 of the urrent 'D! This para/eter is
used for 6uery only!
The rele0ant infor/ation an .e displayed
only when the &1 .yte is used! That is" the
lo9 protetion funtion is ena.led!
&i/ilarly" the rele0ant infor/ation an .e
displayed only when you li9 +uer/!
$therwise" only NA is displayed!
&ynhronous
&oure
+or e;a/ple" D;ternal
Clo9 &oure1
Clo9 &oure in
&yste/ Clo9 Priority
Ta.le
,efault 0alue7 'one
The %/c$roous %ource para/eter
indiates the synhronous lo9 soure that is
.eing traed! The synhronous lo9 soure
here refers to a ertain lo9 soure ontained
in the syste/ lo9 priority ta.le!
,ata $utput
4ethod in
Holdo0er 4ode
'or/al ,ata $utput
4ode" Geep the #atest
,ata
,efault 0alue7 'or/al
,ata $utput 4ode
The ,ata Out-ut Met$od i >oldo&er
Mode para/eter is used to speify whether
the data is output nor/ally or the latest data
is 9ept when the 'D lo9 is in the holdo0er
/ode!
The Geep the #atest ,ata /ode is a fored
holdo0er /ode! Therefore" the lo9 auray
is not high! In atual appliation" the 'or/al
,ata $utput /ode is reo//ended!
The 'D lo9 an wor9 in three /odes7 the
trae" holdo0er" and free-run /odes! This
para/eter is 0alid only when the 'D lo9 is
wor9ing in the holdo0er /ode!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&+#+#& Retimin .anaement
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for setting the reti/ing lo9 soure and the
reti/ing /ode!
Ta.le 3-3 lists the para/eters that are used for reti/ing!
Table 1.1 Para/eters used for reti/ing
2eti/ing 4ode 'or/al" 2eti/ing 4ode of
Tri.utary Clo9" 2eti/ing
4ode of Cross-Connet
Clo9
,efault 0alue7 'or/al
The 2etimig Mode
para/eter speifies whether
the reti/ing lo9" tri.utary
lo9" or ross-onnet
(e;ternal) lo9 is used!
1m-act o t$e %/stem
If the downstrea/ .oard that
orresponds to this .oard
pro0ides the lo9 soure for
the downstrea/ 'D" the
seletion of the user affets
the preision of the
downstrea/ 'D!
&+% Synchronous :thernet Cloc,
The synhronous Dthernet lo9 is a tehnology that reo0ers the lo9 fro/ the .it strea/ on
the Dthernet lin9!
&+%+# Introduction
The synhronous Dthernet lo9 is a tehnology that e;trats lo9 signals fro/ serial .it
strea/s on an Dthernet line" and trans/its the e;trated lo9 signals with ser0ies to
i/ple/ent the transfer of the lo9 signals!
De6nition
The synhronous Dthernet lo9 is a tehnology of fre6ueny synhroni8ation o0er the
physial layer! The syste/ diretly e;trats the lo9 signal fro/ the serial .it strea/ on the
Dthernet line" and trans/its the data to eah .oard .y using the lo9 signal to reali8e the
transfer of lo9 infor/ation!
Purpose
-s &,H networ9s are e0ol0ing into data networ9s" arrier-le0el large-sale networ9s re6uire
synhronous Dthernet to trans/it lo9 signals! The networ9wide synhronous trans/ission
idea of the &,H syste/ needs to .e introdued to the Dthernet design! Clo9 signals are
trans/itted fro/ the ore to the edge .y using the Dthernet physial layer" whih ensures
synhroni8ation for all types of real-ti/e ser0ies!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
In a T,4 networ9 or pa9et networ9" +igure 3-1* shows the typial networ9 to whih
synhronous Dthernet is applied networ9wide! =IT&1 and =IT&2 respeti0ely trans/it lo9
signals to 'D1 and 'D2 through e;ternal lo9 ports! 'D1 and 'D2 trans/it the lo9 signals
to 'D3! 'D3 trans/its the lo9 signals fro/ the on0ergene layer to aess-layer 'Ds! The
aess-layer 'Ds trans/it the lo9 signals to 'ode=s! In this /anner" networ9wide lo9
synhroni8ation is ahie0ed!
Figure 1.1 Typial networ9 to whih synhronous Dthernet is applied networ9wide
2*5 G$it/s
cain
.ccess
(a#er
Con/er)ence
(a#er
D22 >$it/s
cain
G5
rin)
C(oc- infor"ation
OptiX OSN access
e?uip"ent
OptiX OSN con/er)ence
e?uip"ent
C(oc- infor"ation
No!e 7
No!e 7
No!e 7
3ITS& 3ITS$
N51 N52
N53
N5B
N55
N5D N57
C(oc- infor"ation
155 >$it/s
cain
In a pa9et networ9" +igure 3-1A shows a typial networ9 that uses .oth synhronous Dthernet
and IDDD 1(** -C2! =IT&1 and =IT&2 respeti0ely trans/it lo9 signals to 2outer1 and
2outer2 through e;ternal lo9 ports! =eause 2outer1 and 2outer2 need to trans/it the lo9
signals to on0ergene-layer 'Ds ('D1 and 'D2) through a non-transport networ9" they
on0ert the lo9 signals into IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9 signals! -fter the IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9
signals tra0erse the non-transport networ9 and reah 'D1 and 'D2" the two 'Ds restore the
signals into synhronous Dthernet lo9 signals and trans/it the/ to 'D3! 'D3 trans/its the
Copyright Huawei
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lo9 signals to aess-layer 'Ds! The aess-layer 'Ds trans/it the lo9 signals to 'ode=s!
In this /anner" networ9wide lo9 synhroni8ation is ahie0ed!
Currently" the e6uip/ent supports only the on0ersion of IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9 signals into
synhronous Dthernet signals!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.2 Typial networ9 that uses .oth synhronous Dthernet and IDDD 1(** -C2
.ccess
(a#er
Con/er)e
nce (a#er
OptiX OSN access
e?uip"ent
e?uip"ent
C(oc- infor"ation
C(oc-
infor"ation
S#ncronous
eternet c(oc-
No!e 7
No!e 7
No!e 7
3ITS& 3ITS$
N51 N52
N53
N5B
N55
N5D N57
2555 1588 .CR
S#ncronous
eternet c(oc-
S#ncronous
eternet c(oc-
S#ncronous
eternet c(oc-
C(oc-
infor"ation
Router1 Router2
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&+%+% )asic Concepts
#earning a.out the .asi onepts helps to further understand the synhronous Dthernet lo9
feature!
SS. )yte
The synhronous status /essage (&&4) .yte is loated on the twenty-eighth .yte of the
Dthernet fra/e! The first four .its of this .yte represent the lo9 I," and the last four .its of
this .yte represent the lo9 6uality! These .its represent the lo9 6uality in the sa/e way
that the &1 .yte of the &,H networ9 represents the lo9 6uality! If the lo9 6uality grade is
effeti0e! the s/aller 0alue the last four .its of the &&4 .yte" the higher is the lo9 soure
6uality! Ta.le 3-* lists the presented lo9 6uality!
Table 1.1 4apping .etween the &&4 and the lo9 6uality
)its 2'1 o8 the SS. )yte Description o8 the Cloc, <uality
Grade
0000 &ynhroni8ation 6uality un9nown (e;isting
synhronous networ9)
0001 2eser0ed
0010 IT5-T <!*11 lo9 signal
0011 2eser0ed
0100 &&5--
a
0101 2eser0ed
0110 2eser0ed
0111 2eser0ed
1000 &&5-=
a
1001 2eser0ed
1010 2eser0ed
1011 &,H e6uip/ent ti/ing soure (&DT&)
signal
1100 2eser0ed
1101 2eser0ed
1110 2eser0ed
1111 'ot used for synhroni8ation
a7 The ?<!*12 Transit D;hange? and ?<!*12 #oal Clo9? ter/s are used in the pre0ious
0ersion of IT5-T 2eo//endations! In the new 0ersion of IT5-T <!*12" the lo9 definition
is hanged to synhroni8ation supply unit (&&5) that is a0aila.le in types - and =!
Copyright Huawei
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The lo9 I, is .its 1-@ of the &&4 .yte" and ta9es a 0alue of 0;0-0;f! =asially" the lo9 I,
is used to distinguish the lo9 infor/ation a.out the loal node fro/ the lo9 infor/ation
a.out another node" to pre0ent a node fro/ traing the lo9 signal that is loally trans/itted
and o/es fro/ the negati0e diretion! In this /anner" a ti/ing loop is pre0ented!
Chen the lo9 I, is 0" it indiates that the lo9 I, is in0alid! Therefore" the lo9 I, is 0
when the I, is not set for a lo9 soure! Chen the e;tended &&4 protool is ena.led" the 'D
does not selet the lo9 soure whose I, is 0 as the urrent lo9 soure!
The lo9 I, is a tag that is set for a referene ti/ing soure! The lo9 soures at the sa/e
6uality le0el that arry different I,s /ean different ti/ing signals and are the sa/e in priority
le0el and other aspets!
SS. Protocol
&&4 protools are lassified into the standard &&4 protool and the e;tended &&4 protool!
The standard &&4 protool is a /ehanis/ of networ9 synhroni8ation /anage/ent! It
uses .its (-* of the &&4 .yte to e;hange the 6uality infor/ation a.out lo9 soures
.etween nodes! This ensures that the e6uip/ent auto/atially selets the lo9 soure of
the highest 6uality and priority le0el" to pre0ent an interlo9 of lo9s! The standard
&&4 protool i/pro0es the perfor/ane of a synhronous networ9" and reali8es
synhroni8ation of different networ9 topologies in an easy /anner! The standard &&4
protool applies to the interonnetion of de0ies of different 0endors!
In the ase of the e;tended &&4 protool" Huawei introdues the onept of lo9 I,
.ased on the standard &&4 protool! The e;tended &&4 protool uses .its 1-@ of the
&&4 .yte as the uni6ue I, of a lo9 soure" and transports the lo9 I, with an &&4!
-fter a node reei0es the &&4 .yte" the node 0erifies the lo9 I, (.its 1-@) to
deter/ine whether the lo9 is loally trans/itted! If yes" the node onsiders the lo9
soure annot .e used! Therefore" a ti/ing loop is pre0ented! The e;tended &&4
protool is /ainly used for the interonnetion of trans/ission de0ies of Huawei!
&+%+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the apaity of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent for supporting synhronous
Dthernet lo9s!
Item Speci6cations
&upport apa.ility $pti% $&' (007 22
$pti% $&' ((07 (0
$pti% $&' (*07 120
Clo9 fre6ueny auray (2@ hours) Q(0 pp/
&ynhroni8ation preision Co/plies with IT5-T <!*2B2!
&+%+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standards and protools that the synhronous Dthernet lo9 o/plies
with!
The synhronous Dthernet lo9 o/plies with the following standards and protools7
Copyright Huawei
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IT5-T <!3*17 &ynhroni8ation layer funtions
IT5-T <!*107 ,efinitions and ter/inology for synhroni8ation networ9s
IT5-T <!*117 Ti/ing harateristis of pri/ary referene lo9s
IT5-T <!*127 Ti/ing re6uire/ents of sla0e lo9s suita.le for use as node lo9s in
synhroni8ation networ9s
IT5-T <!*2B17 Ti/ing and synhroni8ation aspets in pa9et networ9s
IT5-T <!*2B27 Ti/ing harateristis of synhronous Dthernet e6uip/ent sla0e lo9
(DDC)
IT5-T <!*2B@7 &&4 protool and /essage for/at for the synhronous Dthernet to
ensure lo9 synhroni8ation .etween Dthernet de0ies
IT5-T <!*2B(!1)O!13B(!17 Preision ti/e protool teleo/ profile for fre6ueny
synhroni8ation
&+%+2 Availability
The synhronous Dthernet lo9 feature re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent"
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' (00)((0
Copyright Huawei
13(B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
$pti% $&' ((07

D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D<&@ 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
Remar,s
C&H, and D4B+ .oards whose <D optial ports house &+P eletrial /odules do not
support synhronous Dthernet lo9s!
D+*+ .oards whose +D ports house &+P eletrial /odules do not support synhronous
Dthernet lo9s!
D<&@ .oards support synhronous Dthernet only when housing <D optial /odules!
&+%+4 Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for physial lo9s during the
networ9 design" e6uip/ent onfiguration" and o//issioning phases!
Applica
ble
3b=ect
Dependency and 5imitation Detail Pur
po
se
The entire
physial
lo9
feature
'etwor9s at the on0ergene layer should .e onfigured with lo9

protetion and .e set with the pri/ary and seondary P2Cs for
ati0e)stand.y swithing of lo9! In the ase of networ9s at the
aess layer" generally" only one P2C is set on the entral 'D!
$ther 'Ds trae the lo9 of the entral 'D!
If the &&4 protool is disa.led" the lo9 networ9 an .e

onfigured to unidiretional only and the lo9s annot .e
onfigured into rings!
')-
Copyright Huawei
13(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Applica
ble
3b=ect
po
se
=oard C&H, .oards whose <D optial ports house &+P eletrial /odules
do not support synhronous Dthernet lo9s!
$nl
y
the
$pti
%
$&
'
(00
is
in0o
l0ed
!
D4B+ .oards whose <D optial ports house &+P eletrial /odules
do not support synhronous Dthernet lo9s!
D+*+ .oards whose +D ports house &+P eletrial /odules do not

support synhronous Dthernet lo9s!
D<&@ .oards support synhronous Dthernet only when housing <D

optial /odules!
$nl
y
the
$pti
%
$&
'
(00
and
$pti
%
$&
'
((0
are
in0o
l0ed
!
The lo9
soure

The entral node or the node with high relia.ility pro0ides the lo9
soure!
If the .uilding integrated ti/ing supply syste/ (=IT&) or other

e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent with high preision e;ists" use the
e;ternal ti/ing /ode for the 'D! $therwise" use the line ti/ing
/ode instead! It is reo//ended to use the internal ti/ing as a
lo9 soure of the lowest le0el!
If a lo9 e;trating fro/ an Dthernet port is onfigured as a lo9

soure" ena.le the synhronous Dthernet funtion on the Dthernet
port!
Clo9 signals need to .e o/pensated after a long lo9 hain in

order to a0oid the drift of lo9 signals after they are trans/itted
through /ultiple sites! -ording to IT5-T <!3*1" lo9 signals
need to .e o/pensated after a long lo9 hain ontains 20 'Ds!
Considering fators suh as the trans/ission distane of the fi.er"
lo9 signals are usually o/pensated after the hain reahes 10
'Ds!
The e6uip/ent supports a /a;i/u/ of 32 lo9 soures!

')-
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Applica
ble
3b=ect
po
se
The
shortest
path
Dnsure that the path is the shortest when the line lo9 is traed!
N In the ase of a ring networ9 that onsists of less than si; 'Ds"
the P2C an .e traed fro/ one diretion!
N In the ase of a ring networ9 that onsists of at least si; 'Ds"
ensure that the traing path is the shortest! That is" when a
networ9 onsists of ' 'Ds" one half of the nu/.er of 'Ds
should .e traing the referene lo9 fro/ one diretion and the
other half of the 'Ds should .e traing the referene lo9 fro/
another diretion! ?'? represents the nu/.er of 'Ds! Chen '
is an odd nu/.er" the inter/ediate 'Ds an trae the referene
lo9 in either diretion!
')-
&&4
protool

The settings of the &&4 protool infor/ation for all 'Ds in the
networ9 should .e onsistent if the protool is ena.led!
The priniples for ena.ling the &&4 protool when the lo9
swithing ours are as follows7
N If you only want an 'D to selet a lo9 soures aording to
the preset priority without onsideration for the 6uality of the
lo9 soure" the &&4 protool an .e disa.led!
N If you want an 'D to selet a lo9 soure with the highest
6uality and priority auto/atially" the standard &&4 protool
needs to .e ena.led! If the lo9 networ9 onsists of the
Huawei e6uip/ent and that of other 0endors" you an ena.le
the standard &&4 protool only and the e;tended &&4 protool
annot .e ena.led!
N If you want an 'D to selet a lo9 soure with the highest
6uality and priority auto/atially and the lo9 networ9
onsists of Huawei e6uip/ent only" you an ena.le the
e;tended &&4 protool! The lo9 I, pro0ided .y this protool
an a0oid ti/ing loops in the lo9 networ9!
The following priniples /ust .e applied if different &&4

protools are ena.led7
N If you ena.le the standard &&4 protool" you an onfigure the
lo9 networ9 to .idiretional .ut annot onfigure the lo9s
into rings!
N If you ena.le the e;tended &&4 protool" you an onfigure
the lo9 networ9 to .idiretional or onfigure the lo9s into
rings! In this ase" howe0er" intersetion and tangent rings are
not per/itted!
')-
Copyright Huawei
13(A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Applica
ble
3b=ect
Dependency and 5imitation Detail Purpose
Port To ena.le synhronous Dthernet on a port" you only need to
add the lo9 fro/ the port into the lo9 soure priority
ta.le!
')-
Configurin
g Clo9
&oure
Protetion
If %tart %tadard %%M )rotocol is seleted" the Affiliated

%ubet annot .e set!
-lloate the sa/e su.net nu/.er to 'Ds traing the sa/e

lo9 soure!
If the e;tended &&4 protool is ena.led" it is not

reo//ended to hange the I, of the lo9 soure .eing
traed .y the /aster 'D when the lo9 traing
perfor/ane is sta.le! This ensures proper trans/ission of
lo9 I,s and pre0ents a lo9 loop!
')-
&withing a
Clo9
&oure
Perfor/ing lo9 soure swithing /ay ause ser0ie

interruption!
=efore swithing the lo9 soure" ensure that a new lo9

soure that is not lo9ed and that is of a good 6uality is
reated in the priority ta.le!
')-
&+%+* Principles
This topi desri.es the priniples for reali8ing the synhronous Dthernet lo9 funtion!
&+%+*+# Protocol Data Unit o8 the Synchronous :thernet
Cloc,
The synhronous Dthernet lo9 is a tehnology of fre6ueny synhroni8ation at the physial
layer! To .e speifi" the &&4 .yte arrying the lo9 soure 6uality infor/ation is
enapsulated into an Dthernet fra/e" and the syste/ diretly e;trats the lo9 signal fro/ the
serial .it strea/ on the Dthernet line to reali8e the transfer of lo9s!
+igure 3-20 shows the position of the &&4 .yte in an Dthernet fra/e!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Protool data unit of the synhronous Dthernet lo9
D
D
2
1
3
2
1
3
Octets
>.C Destination .!!ress
>.C Source .!!ress
S(o% :rotoco( 5tert#pe
S(o% :rotoco( Su$t#pe
2'0-O02
2'0 Su$t#pe
Version an! 5/ent f(a)
Reser/e!
',V
SS>
3
Fra"e Cec- Se?uence
1
B
Data an! :a!!in)
DB-1B90
4-C ,estination -ddress7 is always set to 0;01-*0-C2-00-00-02" whih indiates the
/ultiast address of the slow protool!
4-C &oure -ddress7 indiates the 4-C address of the port at the trans/it end!
&low Protool Dthertype7 is always set to 0;**0A" whih indiates the type of the slow
protool!
&low Protool &u.type7 is always set to 0;0-" whih indiates that the type of the slow
protool is the synhronous Dthernet lo9!
IT5-$5I7 is always set to 0;00-1A--3" whih indiates the uni6ue I, of the protool
type of the synhronous Dthernet lo9!
IT5-&u.type7 is always set to 0;0001" whih indiates the su.type of the protool type
of the synhronous Dthernet lo9!
1ersion and D0ent +lag7 The higher four .its of this .yte indiate the protool 0ersionI
the fifth .it indiates the e0ent flag (Chen the 0alue of the &&4 .yte is hanged" the
0alue of this .it is set to 1)I the lower three .its are reser0ed!
2eser0ed7 is a reser0ed field! <enerally" it ta9es the 0alue of all 0s!
T#17 is the type length field!
&&47 The first four .its indiate the lo9 I," and the last four .its indiate the 6uality
of the lo9 soure infor/ation!
,ata)Pad +ield7 is the data and padding field!
Copyright Huawei
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+ra/e Che9 &e6uene7 indiates the fra/e he9!
&+%+*+% Process 8or RealiEin the Synchronous :thernet
Cloc,
The synhronous Dthernet lo9 is a tehnology of the lo9 fre6ueny synhroni8ation at the
Dthernet physial layer! The syste/ an diretly e;trat the lo9 signal fro/ the serial .it
strea/ on the Dthernet line" and trans/it the lo9 signal to eah .oard to reali8e the transfer
of lo9s!
The synhronous Dthernet for/ed .y the e6uip/ent an reali8e the synhroni8ation at the
Dthernet physial layer! +igure 3-21 shows the networ9ing of the synhronous Dthernet lo9!
Figure 1.1 Proess for reali8ing the synhronous Dthernet lo9
3ITS
C(oc-
infor"ation
0NC
3SC
No#e3
OptiX OSN e?uip"ent
F5
Optica( fi$er
C(oc- infor"ation
72'S
RNC
7SC
G5 rin)
The lo9 signal is trans/itted .etween 'Ds o0er the synhronous Dthernet as follows7
1! The =IT& trans/its the lo9 signal to the 'D on the synhronous Dthernet through the
e;ternal lo9 interfae!
2! Through the synhronous Dthernet interfae" the data .oard that supports the
synhronous Dthernet lo9 funtion e;trats the lo9 signal fro/ the serial .it strea/
on the Dthernet physial-layer line and then selets a lo9 soure!
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3! -fter the 'D e;trats the lo9" the lo9 phase-lo9ed loop traes the opti/al lo9
soure and lo9s its phase! Then" the syste/ lo9 is synhroni8ed with the opti/al
lo9 soure!
@! +inally" the 'D trans/its the syste/ lo9 to the 'ode=" =&C" or 2'C through the
synhronous Dthernet interfae of the data .oard! In this /anner" the lo9 signal is
trans/itted downstrea/ on the synhronous Dthernet!
&+%+1 Con6urin Synchronous :thernet Cloc,s
Configuring synhronous Dthernet lo9s helps the sta.le operation of an Dthernet! Therefore"
onfigure synhronous Dthernet lo9s for eah 'D prior to the onfiguration of data ser0ies!
In the ase of a o/ple; networ9" you also need to onfigure Dthernet lo9 protetion!
&+%+1+# Con6urin N: Cloc, Sources
=efore onfiguring data ser0ies" you /ust onfigure 'D lo9 soures and speify the
priorities to ensure that orret lo9 traing relationships are reated for all the 'Ds on a
networ9!
PrereBuisites
To ahie0e lo9 protetion" you /ust onfigure at least two traea.le lo9 soures for an
'D!
-fter you onfigure lo9 soures for all 'Ds" 6uery the networ9-wide lo9 traing status
again! +or details" see 3!1!3!10 Euerying the Clo9 Trae &tatus!
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree and then hoose Cofiguratio > Cloc* > )$/sical
!a/er Cloc* > Cloc* %ource )riorit/ fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery the e;isting lo9 soures!
Step % Cli9 Create! In the Add Cloc* %ource dialog .o; that is displayed" selet a new lo9
soure! Cli9 OK!
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Step & O-tioal= If an e;ternal lo9 soure is seleted" selet Exteral Cloc* %ource Mode .ased
on the type of e;ternal lo9 signals! In the ase of 2 4.it)s lo9s" speify %/c$roous
%tatus B/te that funtions to transfer the lo9 6uality infor/ation!
Step 0 &elet a lo9 soure and li9 or to ad:ust its priority!
Internal lo9 soures ha0e the lowest priority due to their low preision!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/!
If the lo9 traing relationship hanges .eause of any hange in the lo9 soure" the "arig dialog
.o; is displayed" as9ing you whether to refresh the lo9 traing relationship! In this ase" li9 OK!
....Ed
&+%+1+% Con6urin Protection 8or Cloc, Sources
-ll the 'Ds on a o/ple; lo9 networ9 need to .e onfigured with lo9 protetion! -fter
you set lo9 soures and speify their priorities for an 'D" start the standard &&4 protool or
e;tended &&4 protool to ensure that the 'D always traes a orret lo9 soure!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
!a/er Cloc* > Cloc* %ubet Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Cli9 the Cloc* %ubet ta.! Then" li9 +uer/ to 6uery the para/eter settings!
Step % &elet %tart %tadard %%M )rotocol or %tart Exteded %%M )rotocol!
&elet the sa/e type of &&4 protool for the 'Ds that .elong to the sa/e lo9 su.net!
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Step & &et the su.net nu/.er for the lo9 su.net to whih the 'D .elongs!
The 'Ds that trae the sa/e lo9 soure are alloated with the sa/e lo9 su.net nu/.er!
Step 0 O-tioal= If the e;tended &&4 protool is ena.led" you need to set Cloc* %ource 1,!
Step 2 Cli9 A--l/! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 Close!
....Ed
&+%+/ Con6uration :9ample
This topi desri.e how to plan and onfigure synhronous Dthernet lo9s!
&+%+/+# Description o8 the :9ample
The e;tended &&4 protool allows an 'D to onsider the lo9 I, as well as the lo9 6uality
le0el and lo9 priority when deter/ining an a0aila.le lo9 soure! $n the reeipt of a lo9
signal with an I," an 'D he9s the soure of the signal! If the lo9 signal is found
trans/itted fro/ this 'D" it is onsidered as una0aila.le! This /ethod helps an 'D identify a
lo9 signal trans/itted fro/ itself e0en after the lo9 signal is trans/itted o0er se0eral 'Ds!
Therefore" ourrene of ti/ing loops is pre0ented!
-s shown in +igure 3-22" lo9s of all the 'Ds on the ring networ9 are synhroni8ed with the
=IT& (e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent)!
The /ode of the e;ternal lo9 e6uip/ent is 2 4.it)s" and the ti/eslot is &-@!
-ll the 'Ds .elong to lo9 su.net 1!
The lo9 soure priority of eah 'D is set .ased on the lo9 soure priority list
pro0ided in +igure 3-22!
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Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing diagra/ of synhronous Dthernet lo9s
3ITS
No!e 7
3-5>DF-1
3-5>DF-2
3-5>DF-2
3-5>DF-1
3-5>DF-1
3-5>DF-1
3-5>DF-2
3-5>DF-2
C(oc- si)na( f(o%
N5B
N51
N52
N53
3-5>DF-2 c(oc- source
72'S c(oc- source
&+%+/+% Con6uration Process
-fter the e;tended &&4 protool is ena.led" you need to alloate I,s for lo9 soures of
eah 'D aording to onfiguration priniples!
Procedure
Configure the lo9 soure priority for eah 'D! +or details" see 3!2!*!1 Configuring 'D Clo9 &oures!
Clo9 soure7 e;ternal lo9 soure 1 that is onneted to the =IT&" 3-D4B+-2 optial
port that is onneted to an upstrea/ 'D" 3-D4B+-1 optial port that is onneted to a
downstrea/ 'D" and internal lo9 soure!
Clo9 soure7 3-D4B+-2 optial port that is onneted to an upstrea/ 'D" 3-D4B+-1
optial port that is onneted to a downstrea/ 'D" and internal lo9 soure!
&et the following para/eters for 'D3 and 'D@7
Clo9 soure7 3-D4B+-1 optial port that is onneted to an upstrea/ 'D" 3-D4B+-2
optial port that is onneted to a downstrea/ 'D" and internal lo9 soure!
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Step # Configure the affiliated lo9 su.net of eah 'D! +or details" see 3!2!*!2 Configuring
Protetion for Clo9 &oures!
Step % Dna.le the e;tended &&4 protool for eah 'D! +or details" see 3!2!*!2 Configuring
Protetion for Clo9 &oures!
Step & Configure the lo9 I, for eah lo9 soure! +or details" see 3!2!*!2 Configuring Protetion
for Clo9 &oures!
&et the following para/eters for 'D1 to 'D@!
N: Cloc, Source Cloc, Source ID
'D1 =IT& 1
3-D4B+-2 1
3-D4B+-1 1
Internal Clo9 &oure 1
'D2 3-D4B+-2 1
3-D4B+-1 1
'D3 3-D4B+-1 1
3-D4B+-2 1
'D@ 3-D4B+-1 1
3-D4B+-2 1
The lo9 soure I, an .e set to any 0alue within the per/itted range!
....Ed
&+%+#" Veri8yin Synchronous :thernet Cloc,s
1erify onfigured synhronous Dthernet lo9s to ensure that they wor9 properly!
PrereBuisites
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&ynhronous Dthernet lo9s /ust .e onfigured!
Procedure
!a/er Cloc* > Cloc* %ource )riorit/ fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Cli9 the %/stem Cloc* %ource )riorit/ !ist ta. in the pane on the right! Then" li9 +uer/
to 6uery the priority se6uene of the lo9 soures!
Step % In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree and then hoose Cofiguratio >
Cloc* > )$/sical !a/er Cloc* > Cloc* %ubet Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step & Cli9 the Cloc* %ubet ta. in the pane on the right! Then" li9 +uer/ to 6uery the I,s of
the lo9 soures!
Step 0 In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree and then hoose Cofiguratio >
Cloc* > )$/sical !a/er Cloc* > Cloc* %ource %witc$ig fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step 2 Cli9 the Cloc* %ource %witc$ig ta. in the pane on the right! Then" li9 +uer/ to 6uery
the statuses of the lo9 soures!
If the 0alue of %witc$ig of a lo9 soure is Normal" the synhronous Dthernet lo9 is onfigured
suessfully!
....Ed
&+%+## Troubleshootin
-ault Symptom
The o//on faults regarding the synhronous Dthernet lo9 are as follows7
- lo9 soure annot .e properly swithed and the lo9 6uality is low!
Possible Causes
The onnetion at the port fails!
-n alar/ assoiated with the synhronous Dthernet lo9 funtion ours on the
networ9!
Troubleshootin -lo7
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Figure 1.1 +lowhart for handling a synhronous Dthernet lo9 fault
5n!
Kes
&an!(e te fau(t
Kes
No
Kes
2s te fau(t
rectifie!L
Contact &ua%ei tecnica(
support en)ineers
C(ear te a(ar"
Start
Does te
connection at
te port fai(L
Does an a(ar"
associate! %it te
s#ncronous 5ternet
c(oc- occursL
No
No
Procedure
Cause 17 The onnetion at the port fails!
1! Che9 whether the DTHH#$& or DTHH#I'GH,$C' alar/ ours at the port!
2! If yes" lear the alar/ and then he9 whether the fault is retified! +or details on how to
lear the alar/" see the Alarms and Performance Events Reference!
Step # Cause 27 -n alar/ assoiated with the synhronous Dthernet lo9 funtion ours on the
networ9!
1! Che9 whether any alar/ assoiated with the synhronous Dthernet lo9 ours on the
networ9! +or details" see 3!2!12 2elated -lar/s and D0ents!
2! If yes" lear the alar/! +or details on how to lear the alar/" see the Alarms and
Performance Events Reference!
Step % If the fault persists" ontat Huawei tehnial support engineers to handle the fault!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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&+%+#% Related Alarms and :vents
This topi desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents related to synhronous Dthernet
lo9s!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
D%TH&O'CH#$& The e;ternal lo9 soure is lost!
#TI The synhronous lo9 soure is lost!
&1H&O'HCH-'<D The lo9 soures are swithed when the &1 .yte /ode is
adopted!
&O'CHCH#$& The synhroni8ation soure le0el is lost!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to &ynhronous Dthernet Clo9s!
&+& I::: #211v%
This hapter desri.es the IDDD 1(**02 feature!
&+&+# Introduction
This setion pro0ides the definition of IDDD 1(**02 and desri.es its purpose!
De6nition
The IDDD 1(**02 defines a Preision Clo9 &ynhroni8ation Protool for 'etwor9ed
4easure/ent and Control &yste/s! It defines the Preision Ti/e Protool (PTP) to
synhroni8e independent lo9s running on separate nodes of a distri.uted /easure/ent and
ontrol syste/ to a high degree of auray and preision! The IDDD 1(**02 standard
supports ti/e synhroni8ation auray in the su./iroseond range!
&ynhroni8ation in0ol0es lo9 synhroni8ation (also alled fre6ueny synhroni8ation) or
ti/e synhroni8ation! The IDDD 1(**02 standard /ainly applia.le to ti/e synhroni8ation"
and it an also .e used for lo9 synhroni8ation!
Clo9 synhroni8ation
To ahie0e synhroni8ation of lo9s for two de0ies" the pulses of the lo9s /ust .e at
the sa/e fre6ueny and 9eep a onstant phase differene!
Ti/e synhroni8ation
To ahie0e ti/e synhroni8ation" the pulses of the lo9s /ust .e at the sa/e fre6ueny
and ha0e a 0ery s/all phase differene as re6uired" and the ti/es indiated .y the lo9s
/ust .e /easured in the sa/e ti/esale! The o//only used ti/esales inlude
uni0ersal oordinated ti/e (5TC) and international ato/i ti/e (T-I" fro/ the +renh
na/e Te/ps -to/i6ue International)!
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Purpose
In the appliations on trans/ission networ9s" the IDDD 1(**02 standard pro0ides an approah
to 1(**02 ti/e synhroni8ation on a networ9 .asis" with a synhroni8ation auray in the
/iroseond rangeI as well" the IDDD 1(**02 standard helps in transparent trans/ission of
1(**02 ti/e signals! -s suh" the IDDD 1(**02 standard" as an alternati0e to the glo.al
positioning syste/ (<P&) or other o/ple; ti/ing syste/s" an .e used to pro0ide 1(**02
ti/e for 'ode=s or e'ode=s! +igure 3-2@ illustrates an appliation e;a/ple wherein the
IDDD 1(**02 standard helps to synhroni8e the ti/e of 'ode=s distri.uted in a C,4-2000
or T,-&C,4- o//uniation syste/!
Figure 1.1 Ti/e synhroni8ation of 'ode=s i/ple/ented .y the IDDD 1(**02 standard
RNC
'i"e
s#ncroni8ation
:': no!e
No!e7 No!e7 No!e7
72'S
&+&+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with IDDD 1(**02!
&+&+%+# I::: #211v% Cloc, Architecture
The lo9 arhiteture speified in the IDDD 1(**02 standard lassifies 'D lo9s into /any
/odels!
Cloc, .odel
To e;plain the lo9 /odel speified in the IDDD 1(**02" two onept /ust .e introdued7
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PTP de0ie
- PTP de0ie is a lo9 de0ie that supports the IDDD 1(**02 standard!
PTP port
- PTP port is a port that resides on the PTP de0ie and supports the IDDD 1(**02
standard!
The IDDD 1(**02 standard defines the following lo9 /odels7
$C
-n $C pro0ides only one PTP port! -n $C /ay funtion as a soure of ti/e when .eing
a /aster lo9" or /ay synhroni8e to an upper-le0el lo9 when .eing a sla0e lo9!
=eing a /aster lo9" an $C an reei0e the pri/ary referene signal through the
e;ternal ti/e interfae!
=C
- =C pro0ides /ultiple PTP ports! - =C /ay funtion as the soure of ti/e when .eing
a /aster lo9" and /ay synhroni8e to an upstrea/ lo9 when .eing a sla0e lo9!
Chen funtioning as a /aster lo9" a =C an distri.ute ti/e to downstrea/ de0ies
through its /ultiple PTP ports whereas an $C distri.utes ti/e to downstrea/ de0ies
through only a single PTP port!
TC
- TC pro0ides /ultiple PTP ports for proessing and forwarding IDDD 1(**02
/essages! Howe0er" it does not reo0er a lo9 signal fro/ the reei0ed IDDD 1(**02
/essage! The TC is a0aila.le in end-to-end TC (D2D TC) and peer-to-peer TC (P2P TC)
in regards to the proessing /ehanis/ for /essages!
N The D2D TC /easures the residene ti/e of an IDDD 1(**02 /essage to .e
forwarded and stores the residene ti/e into the /essage for su.se6uent proessing
at the sla0e lo9!
N The P2P TC /easures the residene ti/e of an IDDD 1(**02 /essage to .e
forwarded and the propagation delay of the lin9 onneted to the port reei0ing the
IDDD 1(**02 /essage! -fterwards" the P2P TC stores the residene ti/e and lin9
delay into the /essage for su.se6uent proessing at the sla0e lo9!
TC L =C
TCL=C has the sa/e features as =C" e;ept for that the for/er only proesses delay .ut
e;ludes itself fro/ lo9 synhroni8ation!
.aster'Slave SynchroniEation !ierarchy
4aster-sla0e synhroni8ation is defined as the traing relationship .etween two lo9s! $n a
networ9 that runs the IDDD 1(**02 standard for ti/e synhroni8ation" a tree-strutured
/aster-sla0e synhroni8ation hierarhy is ulti/ately for/ed in eah ti/e synhroni8ation
do/ain and the lo9 that funtions as the ulti/ate soure of ti/e is alled the grand/aster
lo9!
&+&+%+% Cloc, Domain and Cloc, ID in I::: #211v%
- lo9 synhroni8ation networ9 an .e /anually di0ided into se0eral independent lo9
do/ains! In eah lo9 do/ain" eah lo9 that partiipates in the seletion of IDDD 1(**02
lo9s is assigned a uni6ue identifier" na/ely" a lo9 I,!
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Cloc, Domain
-n IDDD 1(**02 lo9 do/ain is a logial grouping of lo9s that synhroni8e to eah other
.y /eans of the IDDD 1(**02 standard! - physial pa9et swithed networ9 (P&') an .e
logially di0ided into se0eral lo9 do/ains! The ti/e esta.lished within one lo9 do/ain is
independent of the ti/e in other do/ains!
The ordinary lo9 ($C) and .oundary lo9 (=C) are defined within the range of one lo9
do/ain! That is" the $C and =C proess the reei0ed IDDD 1(**02 /essages within a
speified lo9 do/ain" and they will disard the IDDD 1(**02 /essages fro/ other lo9
do/ains!
- lo9 do/ain is represented .y 1 .yte in an IDDD 1(**02 /essage!
Cloc, ID
- lo9 I," an *-.yte array in the IDDD 1(**02 /essage" identifies a uni6ue lo9 in an IDDD
1(**02 lo9 do/ain!
The organi8ational uni6ue identifier ($5I) is unifor/ly assigned .y the IDDD!
The e;tension I, is unifor/ly assigned .y the organi8ation owing the $5I" and the
organi8ation shall ensure that the e;tension I, is uni6ue within the sope of lo9 I,
0alues assigned .y the organi8ation!
Huawei adheres to the following priniples when assigning lo9s I,s to pa9et swithing
e6uip/ent7
The $5I an .e set to 0;001**2" 0;001D10" or 0;00D0+C!
The e;tension I, is o/posed of a fi;ed 0alue 0;10 and the 'D I,!
&+&+%+& :9ternal Time Inter8ace
$n a ti/e synhroni8ation networ9 that runs the IDDD 1(**02 standard" the grand/aster
lo9 an reei0e ti/e signals through the e;ternal ti/e interfae! The e;ternal ti/e interfae
is a0aila.le in two types7 1PP&LTo, and ,C#&!
-n e;ternal ti/e interfae does not support the IDDD 1(**02 standard or trans/it)reei0e IDDD 1(**
/essages! -s suh" it is not a PTP port!
#PPSJT3D
The 1PP&LTo, signal o/.ines the one pulse per seond (1PP&) signal and the ti/e of day
(To,) signal!
1PP&LTo, is denoted as 1PP&LTi/e on the '4&!
1PP&
Cith the 2&-@22 le0el used" the 1PP& signal is used for ti/e saling! The fre6ueny of
the pulse is 1 H8I that is" one pulse is generated per seond! The 1PP& signal has an
i/pulse width in the range of 20 /s to 200 /s" with the rising edge of the pulse stritly
oinident with the uni0ersal ti/e oordinated (5TC) ti/e!
T$,
The T$, signal represents the ti/e infor/ation .y using the -&CII ode! The T$,
signal uses the 2&-@22 le0el! The .aud rate of the T$, signal is AB00 .it)s!
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The T$, signal arries the following ontents7 urrent date)ti/e" standard ti/e I,"
indiation for the 0alid state of the 1PP& signal" date)ti/e for ad:usting the 5TC leap
seond" o//and for ad:usting the leap seond" and <P& ti/e infor/ation!
DC5S
The ,C#& signal is a 100 .it)s un/odulated signal" and it uses the 2&-@22 le0el!
In the ode strea/ of the ,C#& signal" eah fra/e ontains 3@ 0alid .its! The 3@ .its arry
the fra/ing signal" ti/e infor/ation oded in =C, for/at (representing the seond" /inute"
hour" day" and year)" and other ontrol signals! The header of the ,C#& signal is stritly
oinident with the 5TC ti/e!
&+&+%+0 Delay Compensation o8 I::: #211v%
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports o/pensation for propagation delay on the a.le
onneted to the e;ternal ti/e interfae and o/pensation for delay in ase of propagation
asy//etry in a.les arrying a PTP lin9!
Compensation 8or Propaation Delay on the Cable Connected to
the :9ternal Time Inter8ace
Chen the 1PP&LTo, signal or ,C#& signal is trans/itted to the lo9 de0ie o0er the a.le"
there /ust .e a differene .etween the ti/e at whih the lo9 de0ie reei0es the pulse for
ti/e saling and the ti/e indiated .y the pulse .eause the signal propagation ta9es ti/e! -s
suh" the ti/e an .e synhroni8ed to a high degree of auray and preision only after the
delay due to signal propagation on the a.le is o/pensated!
-n e;ternal ti/e interfae is not a PTP port" whih /eans that it does not support the IDDD 1(**02
standard or /easure propagation delay auto/atially! Therefore" to o.tain the propagation delay on the
a.le onneted to the e;ternal ti/e interfae" a /easure/ent instru/ent /ust .e used or the length of
the a.le /ust .e o.tained for o/putation!
Compensation 8or Delay in Case o8 Propaation Asymmetry in
Cables Carryin a PTP 5in,
-fter the PTP ports on two lo9 de0ies are interonneted with a.les" there /ay .e a
length differene .etween the a.les in the signal reei0e and signal trans/it diretions! -s a
result" propagation ti/e 0aries on the a.les in the two diretions of a PTP lin9! The ti/e
differene is alled the propagation asy//etry in a.les!
The IDDD 1(**02 standard speifies the delay /easure/ent and o/putation /ethod
assu/ing that the propagation ti/es in the signal reei0e and signal trans/it diretions are
e6ual for a PTP lin9! It /eans that propagation asy//etry will introdue an error into the
o/puted delay! To a0oid the issue" a /ehanis/ for orretion of propagation asy//etry is
defined in IDDD 1(**02! &peifially" the o/puted delay is /odified after the ti/e
differene in ase of propagation asy//etry is o/pensated! In this /anner" ti/e is
synhroni8ed to a high degree of auray and preision! The o/pensation 0alue for the
propagation asy//etry an .e o.tained .y /easuring the length differene .etween the
a.les in the signal reei0e and signal trans/it diretions! -lternati0ely" the o/pensation
0alue an .e o.tained .y /easuring the propagation ti/e of a signal on the a.les in the
reei0e and trans/it diretions! The o/pensation 0alue ta9es effet only after it is set on a
PTP port!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The IDDD 1(**02 standard an /easure the /ean propagation delay .etween two PTP ports .ut annot
/easure the delay differene of propagation asy//etry! To o.tain the delay differene in ase of
propagation asy//etry" a /easure/ent instru/ent /ust .e used or the length of the a.les /ust .e
o.tained for o/putation!
&+&+%+2 I::: #211v% .essae Types
IDDD 1(**02 /essages are ategori8ed as e0ent and general /essages! D0ent /essages are
ti/ed in that aurate ti/esta/ps are re6uired at trans/ission and reeipt! <eneral /essages
are not ti/ed in that aurate ti/esta/ps are not re6uired at trans/ission and reeipt!
.essae Types
The set of e0ent /essages onsists of the &yn" ,elayH2e6" PdelayH2e6" and PdelayH2esp
/essages!
The set of general /essages onsists of the -nnoune" +ollowH5p" ,elayH2esp"
PdelayH2espH+ollowH5p" 4anage/ent" and &ignaling /essages!
The e0ent /essages and general /essages wor9 together for ti/e synhroni8ation! Ta.le 3-A
lists the funtions of these /essages!
Table 1.1 4essage types and funtions
Usae .essae Type Description
:vent
.essae
General
.essae
Dnd-to-end
delay
/easure/ent
and ti/e
synhroni8at
ion
&yn +ollowH5p The &yn" ,elayH2e6" +ollowH5p"
,elayH2esp /essages are used in
peer-to-peer delay /easure/ent and
ti/e synhroni8ation!
,elayH2e6 ,elayH2esp
Peer-to-peer
delay
/easure/ent
PdelayH2e6 PdelayH2espH+o
llowH5p
The PdelayH2e6" PdelayH2esp" and
PdelayH2espH+ollowH5p /essages
are used in peer-to-peer delay
/easure/ent! The /easured delays
of in0ol0ed peer-to-peer PTP lin9s
and &yn /essages ena.le ordinary
lo9s ($Cs) and .oundary lo9s
(=Cs) to synhroni8e the ti/e!
PdelayH2esp -
=est /aster
lo9 (=4C)
algorith/
- -nnoune The -nnoune /essage is used to
esta.lish the /aster-sla0e
synhroni8ation hierarhy!
4anage/ent - 4anage/ent The /anage/ent /essages are used
to 6uery and update the PTP data
sets /aintained .y lo9 de0ies!
These /essages are also used to
usto/i8e a PTP syste/ and for
initiali8ation and fault /anage/ent!
4anage/ent /essages are used
Copyright Huawei
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Usae .essae Type Description
:vent
.essae
General
.essae
.etween /anage/ent nodes and
lo9s!
&ignaling &ignaling The signaling /essages are used for
o//uniation .etween lo9s for
all other purposes! +or e;a/ple"
signaling /essages an .e used for
negotiation of the rate of uniast
/essages .etween a /aster lo9
and its sla0e lo9s!
.essae Structure
4essage +or/at
+igure 3-2( shows the for/at of an IDDD 1(**02 /essage! The header in all /essages is
in the sa/e for/at! The for/at of the .ody in /essages of different types /ay 0ary! The
/anage/ent and signaling /essages ha0e the optional suffi;!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of an IDDD 1(**02 /essage
3B $#tes 10 to 30 $#tes > $#tes
&ea!er
Suffi3
@Optiona(A
7o!#
Ti/esta/p
- ti/esta/p is the ti/e that defined .y the instant a /essage ti/esta/p point passes the
referene plane of a lo9 de0ie! - ti/esta/p uses 10 .ytes to represent the ti/e
infor/ation! 4essages for delay /easure/ent and synhroni8ation arry ti/esta/ps!
&+&+%+4 .ethods o8 I::: #211v% .essae :ncapsulation
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent allows enapsulating IDDD 1(**02 /essages into the Dthernet
fra/e or into the IP pa9et!
:thernet :ncapsulation
Dthernet enapsulation is a0aila.le in two types7 IDDD *02!3 enapsulation (without the
1#-' tag) and IDDD *02!16 enapsulation (with the 1#-' tag)! +igure 3-2B shows the
for/at of IDDD *02!3 enapsulation and +igure 3-23 shows the for/at of IDDD *02!16
enapsulation!
If the /essages in0ol0ed in delay /easure/ent using the Pdelay /ethod are
enapsulated into Dthernet fra/es" the Dthernet fra/es use the /ultiast 4-C address
01-*0-C2-00-00-0D as their destination addresses!
Copyright Huawei
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$ther /essages use the /ultiast 4-C address 01-1=-1A-00-00-00 as their destination
addresses!
The Dtherent type field of Dtherent fra/es arrying IDDDD 1(**02 /essages is set to
0;**+3!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of IDDD *02!3 enapsulation for IDDD 1(**02 /essages (without the 1#-'
tag)
Destination
a!!ress
5ternet
t#pe
1588 pa#(oa! FCS
Source
a!!ress
D $#tes D $#tes 2 $#tes BD to DB $#tes B $#tes
Figure 1.2 +or/at of IDDD *02!16 enapsulation for IDDD 1(**02 /essages (with the 1#-' tag)
Destination
a!!ress
5ternet
t#pe
1588 pa#(oa! FCS
Source
a!!ress
038100
2 $#tes
:ri/CF2/
V2D
2 $#tes
IP :ncapsulation
IDDD 1(**02 /essages are enapsulated into IP pa9ets in user datagra/ protool (5,P)
for/at" with IP pa9ets enapsulated into Dthernet fra/es with or without the 1#-' tag!
+igure 3-2* shows the for/at of IP enapsulation (without the 1#-' tag)! +igure 3-2A shows
the for/at of IP enapsulation (with the 1#-' tag)!
If the /essages in0ol0ed in delay /easure/ent using the Pdelay /ethod are
enapsulated into IP pa9ets" the IP pa9ets use the /ultiast IP address 22@!0!0!103 as
their destination addresses!
The IP pa9ets that enapsulate the other /essages use the /ultiast IP address
22@!0!1!12A as their destination addresses!
D0ent /essages use the 5,P port nu/.ered 31A!
<eneral /essages use the 5,P port nu/.ered 320!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of IP enapsulation for IDDD 1(**02 /essages (without the 1#-' tag)
Destination
a!!ress
5ternet
t#pe
1588 pa#(oa! FCS
Source
a!!ress
2: ea!er
20 $#tes
0D: ea!er
8 $#tes
Figure 1.2 +or/at of IP enapsulation for IDDD 1(**02 /essages (with the 1#-' tag)
Destination
a!!ress
5ternet
t#pe
1588 pa#(oa! FCS
Source
a!!ress
2: ea!er
20 $#tes
0D: ea!er
8 $#tes
038100
2 $#tes
:ri/CF2/
V2D
2 $#tes
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&+&+%+* Net7or,'7ide Time SynchroniEation o8 I::: #211v%
- PTP networ9 in whih eah node is either .oundary lo9s (=Cs) or ordinary lo9s ($Cs)
an ahie0e networ9-wide synhroni8ation!
+igure 3-30 shows a PTP networ9 that ahie0es networ9-wide synhroni8ation!
The networ9 has the following harateristis7
-ll PTP nodes are either =Cs or $Cs! In another word" all nodes distri.uted on a PTP
networ9 that ahie0es networ9-wide synhroni8ation are =Cs or $Cs!
-ll PTP nodes trae the sa/e lo9 soure and the sa/e ti/e soure! In +igure 3-30" all
the PTP nodes ahie0e ti/e synhroni8ation and lo9 synhroni8ation with the .uilding
integrated ti/ing supply (=IT&) de0ie!
Ti/e synhroni8ation is i/ple/ented .y the IDDD 1(**02 standard! Clo9
synhroni8ation is i/ple/ented .y /eans of the synhronous Dthernet tehnology" or
other synhroni8ation tehni6ues on the Physial layer" in preferene to the fre6ueny
synhroni8ation tehni6ue speified in the IDDD 1(**02 standard!
PTP nodes an pro0ide ti/e infor/ation e;ternally .y /eans of PTP /essages or
through the e;ternal ti/e interfae!
In +igure 3-30" +D ports on 'ode= 1 to 'ode= @ support the PTP protool and therefore
they i/ple/ent ti/e synhroni8ation using the PTP /essages sent .y =C( to =C*I
'ode= ( does not support the PTP protool and therefore it i/ple/ents ti/e
synhroni8ation using the ti/e infor/ation sent .y $C1 through the 1PP&LT$,
-s the ter/inal of the ti/e synhroni8ation networ9" 'ode= 1 to 'ode= @ are atually PTP de0ies and
they funtion as $Cs!
PTP nodes /ust support lo9 soure seletion and protetion swithing!
In +igure 3-30" if the PTP lin9 onneting =C2 and =C3 fails" =C3 will reei0e the ti/e
synhroni8ation infor/ation fro/ the PTP lin9 onneting =C@ and =C3!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Illustration of a PTP networ9 that ahie0es networ9-wide ti/e synhroni8ation .y
/eans of IDDD 1(**02
7C1
7C2
7C5
7CB
7C3
7C7 7CD OC1
1 ::S I 'oD
1 ::S I 'oD
F5/G5/>icro%a/e rin)
F5 F5 F5 F5
F5/G5
RNC RNC
'i"e s#ncroni8ation :': no!e
72'S
No!e7 1 No!e7 2 No!e7 3 No!e7 B No!e7 5
7C8
&+&+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations for IDDD 1(**02!
Ta.le 3-10 lists the speifiations for IDDD 1(**02!
Table 1.1 &peifiations for IDDD 1(**02
Item Speci6cations
Clo9 /odel

$C
=C
TC
TCL=C
&eletion
/ethod for
ti/e soures
=4C algorith/ &upported
&tati seletion for ti/e
soures
&upported
Copyright Huawei
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Item Speci6cations
Pa9et enapsulation for/at

Dthernet *02!3
Dthernet *02!16 (1#-')
IP
Ti/e
synhroni8atio
n
Dnd-to-end delay
/easure/ent (D2D /ode)
&upports the one-step /ethod and two-
step /ethod!
Peer-to-peer delay
/easure/ent (P2P /ode)
&upports the one-step /ethod and two-
step /ethod!
Port $pti% $&' (007
+D eletrial ports
+D optial ports
<D optial ports

$pti% $&' ((07
+D optial ports
<D optial ports
<D eletrial ports
10<D optial ports

NOTE
&+P eletrial /odules do not support IDDD
1(**02!
Ti/e synhroni8ation
preision
The ti/e synhroni8ation preision of a
networ9 ontaining 30 'Ds or less is less
than Q1 us!
+re6ueny
synhroni8atio
n
Port $pti% $&' (007
+D eletrial ports
+D optial ports
<D optial ports

$pti% $&' ((07
+D optial ports
<D optial ports
<D eletrial ports
10<D optial ports

NOTE
&+P eletrial /odules do not support IDDD
1(**02!
+re6ueny synhroni8ation
preision
The fre6ueny reo0ery preision of a
networ9 ontaining 30 'Ds or less
o/plies with the IT5-T <!*23 &DC
te/plate!
Copyright Huawei
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&+&+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with IDDD 1(**02!
The following standard is assoiated with IDDD 1(**027
IDDD 1(**027 IDDD &tandard for a Preision Clo9 &ynhroni8ation Protool for 'etwor9ed
4easure/ent and Control &yste/s
&+&+2 Availability
The IDDD 1(**02 funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and
software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200BC00 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D%1 1100200BC00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
Remar,s
C&H, .oards whose <D optial ports house &+P eletrial /odules do not support IDDD
1(**02!
D+*+ .oards whose +D ports house &+P eletrial /odules do not support IDDD 1(**02!
Copyright Huawei
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&+&+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for IDDD 1(**02 in the networ9
onfiguration and o//issioning phase!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
'D wor9ing /ode and port
PTP /ode
-fter NE Cloc* T/-e is
/odified" you need to re-
reate all PTP lo9 ports
on the 'D!
Chen NE Cloc* T/-e is set
to TCEBC and you /odify
the 0alue of )T) Mode for
a port" you need to re-reate
the port!
')-
-ttri.utes of the PTP lo9
port
If two interonneted 'Ds
are lo9 synhroni8ed
using the IDDD 1(**02
protool" the ports at .oth
ends /ust .e ena.led! In
addition" )T) )ac*et
'!AN" )T) )ac*et
Eca-sulatio Format"
%te- Module" and )0E
Mode /ust .e set to the
sa/e for the two 'Ds!
-0oid a ti/e or fre6ueny
synhroni8ation failure!
If the port on the upstrea/
'D is IDDD 1(**02
ena.led" %<NC )ac*et
)eriod3s4 /ust .e set to
701627 or H01627!
Dnsure that the port
trans/its /ore than 12*
pa9ets per seond!
Dntire feature 10 <D Ports wor9ing in
C-' /ode do not support
IDDD 1(**02!
in0ol0ed!
Dntire feature The IDDD 1(**02 lo9
synhroni8ation funtion is
a0aila.le only when ati0e
and stand.y syste/ ontrol
.oards and ati0e and
stand.y ross-onnet
.oards are upgraded and
.oth support the IDDD
1(**02 lo9
synhroni8ation funtion!
')-
Dntire feature ,uring the resetting (old or
war/) of the &CC .oard"
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent does
')-
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation Details
Remar,s
not pro0ide e;ternal ti/e
signals (1ppsLT$,)! It
pro0ides e;ternal ti/e
signals only when the &CC
.oard wor9s properly!
Conse6uently" the
e6uip/ent that uses the ti/e
signals pro0ided .y the
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent /ay
/alfuntion during the
resetting of the &CC .oard!
Dntire feature The &,H lo9 funtion
will .e una0aila.le after the
IDDD 1(**02 lo9
synhroni8ation funtion is
ena.led!
')-
Dntire feature C&H, .oards whose <D
optial ports house &+P
eletrial /odules do not
support the IDDD 1(**02
lo9 synhroni8ation
funtion!
$nly the $pti% $&' (00 is
in0ol0ed!
&+&+* Principles
The IDDD 1(**02 standard speifies four steps for i/ple/enting ti/e synhroni8ation7
deter/ining the /aster-sla0e hierarhy" /easuring the propagation delay" o/puting the ti/e
offset" and ad:usting the loal lo9!
,elay an .e /easured .y using the ,elay /ethod or Pdelay /ethod! IDDD 1(**02 also
defines a orretion /ehanis/ for propagation asy//etry to ena.le delay /easure/ent and
ti/e offset o/putation to a higher degree of preision!
IDDD 1(**02 is pri/arily used for ti/e synhroni8ation" .ut the ti/esta/ps arried in IDDD
1(**02 /essages an also .e used for lo9 synhroni8ation!
&+&+*+# Determinin the .aster'Slave Cloc, !ierarchy
$n the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent" the /aster-sla0e lo9 hierarhy is deter/ined .y statially
seleting ti/e soures or .y dyna/ially running the .est /aster lo9 (=4C) algorith/!
.aster'Slave Cloc, !ierarchy
- /aster-sla0e lo9 hierarhy refers to the traing relationships .etween /aster lo9s and
sla0e lo9s in a PTP syste/! The /aster-sla0e lo9 hierarhy should .e fully-onneted and
tree-strutured" without yli paths! The grand/aster lo9 funtions as the root of the tree!
+igure 3-31 shows an e;a/ple of the /aster-sla0e lo9 hierarhy!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 4aster-sla0e lo9 hierarhy
OC-1 @Gran!"asterA
OC-2
7C-1
7C-2
OC-3
OC-B
'i"in)
infor"ation
Port States
The states of eah PTP port on ordinary lo9s ($Cs) and .oundary lo9s (=Cs) for
deter/ining the /aster-sla0e lo9 hierarhy are7
4-&TD27 The port is the soure of ti/e on the PTP lin9 ser0ed .y the port!
&#-1D7 The port synhroni8es to the ti/e infor/ation pro0ided .y the port in the
4-&TD2 state at the re/ote end of the onneted PTP lin9!
P-&&I1D7 The port is not the /aster port on the PTP lin9 nor does it synhroni8e to a
/aster port! - port in the P-&&I1D state is atually a redundant port after the tree-
strutured /aster-sla0e lo9 hierarhy is deter/ined for a PTP networ9! Chen the
networ9 topology hanges" a port in the P-&&I1D /ay e;periene a transition to the
4-&TD2 or &#-1D state!
Static Selection 8or Time Sources
This /ethod /eans that the /aster-sla0e lo9 hierarhy is deter/ined .y setting the states of
PTP ports on the $Cs and =Cs!
).C Alorithm
The =4C algorith/ deter/ines whih of all the lo9s is the .est! In the IDDD 1(**02
standard" the =4C algorith/ is run to dyna/ially deter/ine the /aster-sla0e lo9
hierarhy! The =4C algorith/ onsists of two parts7
- data set o/parison algorith/
- state deision algorith/
Clo9s periodially send -nnoune /essages through PTP ports for e;hange of ti/e soure
infor/ation! The ti/e soure infor/ation ontains the following ontents7 the lo9 priority"
the lo9 lass" the ti/e auray" and nu/.er of hops away fro/ the grand/aster lo9!
Dah lo9 independently runs the =4C algorith/ to o/pute the preeding infor/ation!
+inally" one is seleted as the grand/aster lo9 and the port on other lo9s to synhroni8e to
the grand/aster lo9 is also speified! The /aster-sla0e hierarhy of lo9s is ulti/ately
deter/ined!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The =4C algorith/ an .e used to deter/ine a /aster-sla0e hierarhy for a si/ple lo9
networ9" as shown in +igure 3-32I alternati0ely" the =4C algorith/ an .e used to deter/ine
the /aster-sla0e hierarhy for a /esh lo9 networ9" as shown in +igure 3-33!
Figure 1.1 - si/ple lo9 networ9
>
7C-1
S > >
7C-2
S >
S
OC-2
>
OC-1
S
OC-B
S
OC-3
1 2 3
B 5
@Gran!"asterA
Copyright Huawei
13*(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.2 - /esh lo9 networ9
>
7C-1
S
>
>
7C-2
S
>
>
7C-3
S
>
>
>
OC-1
S
OC-2
S
OC-3
>
7C-B
>
>
>
7C-5
:
>
>
7C-D
:
>
>
S
OC-B
S
OC-5
S
OC-D
>
7C-7
>
>
7C-8
:
>
7C-9
:
>
S
OC-7
S
OC-8
S
OC-9
S S S
S S S
@Gran!"asterA
&+&+*+% .easurin :nd'to':nd Delay $Delay .ethod(
This /ethod is applia.le to end-to-end delay /easure/ent ( also alled ?D2D /ode?)!
&peifially" this /ethod /easures the total delay on the propagation lin9s .etween one
/aster port and one sla0e port on two ordinary lo9s ($Cs) or .oundary lo9s (=Cs)! The
two $Cs or =Cs /ust .e diretly onneted!
In the ,elay /ethod" delay /easure/ent and ti/e synhroni8ation are ahie0ed as &yn /essages are
used!
This /ethod is applia.le when the delay on the propagation lin9s .etween $Cs" an $C and a =C" or
=Cs needs to .e /easured!
Copyright Huawei
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;or,in Principle
The following part desri.es how a /aster lo9 and a sla0e lo9 synhroni8e! It ser0es as an
e;a/ple to illustrate the wor9ing priniple of the end-to-end delay /easure/ent and
synhroni8ation /ehanis/!
Figure 1.1 ,elay /easure/ent and synhroni8ation .etween the /aster and sla0e ports
>aster
ti"e
S(a/e
ti"e
S#nc
Fo((o%J0p
De(a#JRe?
De(a#JResp
t1
tB
t2
t3
t1
t1+ t2
t1+ t2+ t3
t1+ t2+ t3+ tB
tJ"s
tJs"
'i"esta"ps
-no%n $# s(a/e
Ti/esta/ps t1 and t@ are represented .ased on the ti/e of the /aster lo9! Ti/esta/ps t2 and t3 are
represented .ased on the ti/e of the sla0e lo9!
-s shown in +igure 3-3@" the /essage e;hange pattern is as follows7
1! The /aster lo9 sends a &yn /essage with ti/esta/p t1 at whih the /essage was
sent to the sla0e lo9!
The /aster on0eys to the sla0e lo9 the ti/esta/p t1 .y e/.edding the ti/esta/p t1
in the &yn /essage or e/.edding the ti/esta/p t1 in a +ollowH5p /essage!
N If ti/esta/p t1 is e/.edded in a &yn /essage" this is alled the one-step /ethod!
This /ethod" in whih the ti/esta/p is generated at the 4-C layer" re6uires so/e
sort of hardware proessing!
N If ti/esta/p t1 is e/.edded in a +ollowH5p /essage" this is alled the two-step
/ethod! -ll PTP lo9s should support the two-step /ethod!
2! The sla0e lo9 reei0es the &yn /essage and generate ti/esta/p t2 upon reeipt of the
/essage!
3! The sla0e lo9 sends a ,elayH2e6 /essage generate ti/esta/p t3 at with the /essage
was sent
@! The /aster lo9 reei0es the ,elayH2e6 /essage and generate ti/esta/p t@ upon
reeipt of the /essage!
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(! The /aster on0eys to the sla0e lo9 the ti/esta/p t@ .y e/.edding it in a ,elayH2esp
/essage!
B! The sla0e lo9 proesses the four ti/esta/ps t1" t2" t3" and t@ to o/pute the offset of
the sla0e lo9 with respet to the /aster lo9 and the propagation ti/e of /essages
.etween the two lo9s! -ssu/ing that the propagation ti/es of /essages are e6ual on
the /aster-to-sla0e and sla0e-to-/aster lin9s (that is" the /aster-to-sla0e propagation
ti/e /sHdelay is e6ual to the sla0e-to-/aster propagation ti/e s/Hdelay)" the offset of
the sla0e lo9 with respet to the /aster lo9 an .e o/puted .ased on the following
for/ula7
4aster-to-sla0e
propagation ti/e
tH/s K t2 - t1 K $ffset L /sHdelay
&la0e-to-/aster
propagation ti/e
tHs/ K t@ - t3 K -$ffset L s/Hdelay
Cherein" /sHdelay K s/Hdelay
Hene"
$ffset of the sla0e
lo9 with respet to
the /aster lo9
$ffset K (tH/s - tHs/))2 K (t2 - t1 - t@ L t3))2
Propagation delay ,elay K (tH/s L tHs/))2 K (t2 - t1 L t@ - t3))2
If the propagation ti/es on the /aster-to-sla0e and sla0e-to-/aster lin9s are not e6ual" o/pensate for
the asy//etry!
3! The sla0e lo9 ad:usts its loal ti/e .y using the o/puted offset 0alue and then
synhroni8es to the /aster lo9!
*! 4aster and sla0e lo9 repeat steps 1 to 3 at an inter0al set for trans/itting &yn
/essages for ti/e synhroni8ation!
Application :9ample
The ,elay /ethod is used to /easure the delay .etween a PTP /aster port and a sla0e port on
two $Cs)=Cs! This /ethod applies in either of the following senarios7
Two $Cs)=Cs are diretly onneted" as shown in +igure 3-3(!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Illustration of a synhroni8ation networ9 o/prised of =C)$Cs and synhroni8ation
proess
OC
7C
>aster S(a/e
S#nc
De(a#JRe?
De(a#JResp
t1
tB
t2
t3
&+&+*+& .easurin Peer'to'Peer Delay $Pdelay .ethod(
The Pdelay /ethod an .e used to /easure peer-to-peer delay ( also alled ?P2P /ode?)!
&peifially" this /ethod /easures the delay on the propagation lin9s .etween two PTP ports
supporting the Pdelay /ethod that are diretly onneted! The two PTP ports an reside on
ordinary lo9s ($Cs) or .oundary lo9s (=Cs)!
The Pdelay /ethod is applia.le only to delay /easure/ent! To ahie0e ti/e synhroni8ation .etween
$Cs)=Cs" &yn /essages are re6uired!
;or,in Principle
The following part desri.es how the delay .etween node - and node = that are diretly
onneted through PTP ports! It ser0es as an e;a/ple to illustrate the wor9ing priniple of
peer-to-peer delay /easure/ent!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Cor9ing priniple of peer-to-peer delay /easure/ent (Pdelay /ethod)
'i"e of no!e . 'i"e of no!e 7
:!e(a#JRe?
:!e(a#JResp
:!e(a#JRespJFo((o%J0p
t1
tB
t2
t3
tJ.7
tJ7.
Ti/esta/ps t1 and t@ are represented .ased on the ti/e of node -! Ti/esta/ps t2 and t3 are represented
.ased on the ti/e of node =!
-s shown in +igure 3-3B" the /essage e;hange pattern is as follows7
1! 'ode - sends a PdelayH2e6 /essage to node ="generate and sa0e ti/esta/p t1" at whih
the PdelayH2e6 /essage was sent!
2! 'ode = reei0es the PdelayH2e6 /essage and generate ti/esta/p t2 upon reeipt of the
PdelayH2e6 /essage!
3! 'ode = sends a PdelayH2esp /essage and the ti/esta/p t2 and the ti/esta/p t3 at
with the PdelayH2esp /essage was sent!
The ti/esta/ps t2 and t3 an .e e/.edded into the PdelayH2esp /essage or into the
PdelayH2espH+ollowH5p /essage!
N If ti/esta/p t3 is e/.edded in a PdelayH2esp /essage" it is alled the one-step
/ethod! This /ethod" in whih the ti/esta/p is generated at the 4-C layer" re6uires
so/e sort of hardware proessing!
N If ti/esta/p t3 is e/.edded in a PdelayH2espH+ollowH5p /essage" this is alled the
two-step /ethod! -ll PTP lo9s using the Pdelay /ethod should support the two-
step /ethod!
@! 'ode - reei0es the PdelayH2esp /essage and generate ti/esta/p t2 upon reeipt of the
PdelayH2esp /essage!
(! 'ode - proesses the four ti/esta/ps t1" t2" t3" and t@ to o/pute the propagation delay
.etween the two nodes! -ssu/ing that the propagation ti/es of /essages are e6ual on
the lin9 fro/ node - to node = and the lin9 fro/ node = to node -" the propagation
delay is o/puted .ased on the following for/ula7
Copyright Huawei
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--to-= propagation
ti/e
tH-= K t2 - t1 K $ffset L ,elay
=-to-- propagation
ti/e
tH=- K t@ - t3 K -$ffset L ,elay
Hene"
Propagation delay ,elay K (tH-= L tH=-))2 K R(t@ - t1) - (t3 - t2)S)2
If the propagation ti/es on the lin9s fro/ node - to node = and fro/ node = to node - are not e6ual"
o/pensate for the asy//etry!
B! &i/ilarly" node = an send a PdelayH2e6 /essage to node - and reei0es the returned
response /essage to o.tain the re6uired ti/esta/p infor/ation for o/puting the
propagation delay!
3! Dah node independently repeats steps 1 to ( at a speified inter0al to /easure the delay
on the peer port!
Application :9ample
The Pdelay /ethod is used to /easure peer-to-peer delay! This /ethod is applia.le in either
of the following senarios7
Two $Cs)=Cs are diretly onneted" as shown in +igure 3-33!
Figure 1.1 Illustration of a synhroni8ation networ9 o/prised of =C)$Cs and synhroni8ation
proess
OC
7C
>aster S(a/e
:De(a#JRe?
:De(a#JResp
t1
tB
t2
t3
:De(a#JRe?
:De(a#JResp
S#nc
t1;
t2;
t3;
tB;
Copyright Huawei
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&+&+*+0 Correctin Propaation Asymmetry
The IDDD 1(**02 standard speifies delay /easure/ent and synhroni8ation /ehanis/s
assu/ing that the propagation ti/es of /essages in the reei0e and trans/it diretions of a
PTP lin9 are e6ual! If the propagation ti/es are different" orret the differene!
Ti/e differene /ay .e aused .y fators related to lin9s" suh as length differene of the
a.les in the two diretions" or .e aused .y harateristis of the e6uip/ent! IDDD 1(**02
speifies a /ehanis/ for orreting propagation asy//etry to ena.le ti/e synhroni8ation
in suh a ase to the sa/e auray and preision as that in propagation sy//etry!
The following paragraphs and figure desri.e the delay /easure/ent and synhroni8ation for
the /aster and sla0e lo9s in a PTP syste/! It ser0es as an e;a/ple to desri.e the wor9ing
priniple of propagation asy//etry orretion!
Figure 1.1 Correting propagation asy//etry
"sJ!e(a# C s"J!e(a# I
>aster
c(oc-
S(a/e
c(oc-
s"J!e(a#
S#nc
De(a#JRe?
t1
tB
t2
t3
tJ"s
tJs"
De(a#JResp
t
-s shown in +igure 3-3*" after the asy//etry is orreted" the propagation delay and ti/e
offset are o/puted as follows7
4aster-to-sla0e
propagation ti/e
tH/s K t2 - t1 K $ffset L /sHdelay
&la0e-to-/aster
propagation ti/e
tHs/ K t@ - t3 K -$ffset L s/Hdelay
Cherein" /sHdelay K s/Hdelay L at
Hene"
$ffset of the sla0e
lo9 with respet to
the /aster lo9
$ffset K (tH/s - tHs/ - at))2 K (t2 - t1 - t@ L t3 - at))2
Propagation delay s/Hdelay K (tH/s L tHs/ - at))2 K (t2 - t1 L t@ - t3 -at))2
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/sHdelay K s/Hdelay L at K (t2 - t1 L t@ - t3 L at))2
To o.tain the ti/e differene at in the ase of propagation asy//etry" a /easure/ent
instru/ent /ust .e used or the length of the a.les /ust .e o.tained for o/putation!
&+&+*+2 I::: #211v% -reBuency SynchroniEation
In the IDDD 1(**02 standard" the ti/esta/ps indiating the reeption and trans/ission of a
&yn /essage an .e used for fre6ueny synhroni8ation!
Chen the IDDD 1(**02 fre6ueny synhroni8ation /ethod is used" the fre6ueny is first esti/ated
and then the lo9 is ad:usted! The synhroni8ation preision of this /ethod is lower than that of the
synhroni8ation /ethod at the Physial layer!
The synhronous Dthernet is preferred for fre6ueny synhroni8ation at the +D)<D ports that support
.oth synhronous Dthernet and IDDD 1(**02 fre6ueny synhroni8ation!
-ssu/e that the sla0e lo9 - is to synhroni8e to the /aster lo9 =" and +igure 3-3A shows
the ti/es at whih the &yn /essage is trans/itted .etween lo9 - and lo9 =! In this ase"
the sla0e lo9 ad:usts the fre6ueny of its lo9 after o/paring the inter0als .etween the
ti/esta/ps indiating when two &yn /essages are trans/itted and the ti/esta/ps indiating
when the two &yn /essages are reei0ed! This proess ena.les the fre6ueny of the sla0e
lo9 .e synhroni8ed to that of the /aster lo9! Considering no hanges in the lin9 delay or
residene ti/e" the fre6ueny of lo9 - is ad:usted against the ratio o/puted using the
following for/ula7
3t1JNK . t1J6K403t2JNK . t2J6K4
t2R'S - t2R0S K t1R'S - t1R0S7 ,uring the inter0al .etween reeption of two &yn /essages at lo9 -"
the nu/.er of lo9 yles is e6ual to that of lo9 yles during the inter0al .etween trans/ission
of two &yn /essages fro/ lo9 =! In short" the fre6ueny of lo9 - is e6ual to that of lo9 =!
t2R'S - t2R0S > t1R'S - t1R0S7 ,uring the inter0al .etween reeption of two &yn /essages at lo9 -"
the nu/.er of lo9 yles is greater than that of lo9 yles during the inter0al .etween
trans/ission of two &yn /essages fro/ lo9 =! In short" the fre6ueny of lo9 - is higher than
that of lo9 =! The fre6ueny of lo9 - need to .e dereased!
t2R'S - t2R0S Z t1R'S - t1R0S7 ,uring the inter0al .etween reeption of two &yn /essages at lo9 -"
the nu/.er of lo9 yles is greater than that of lo9 yles during the inter0al .etween
trans/ission of two &yn /essages fro/ lo9 =! In short" the fre6ueny of lo9 - is lower than
that of lo9 =! The fre6ueny of lo9 - need to .e inreased!
In appliations" the lin9 propagation delay and residene ti/e on TCs should .e onsidered
and orreted!
In the one-step /ethod" the ti/esta/p t1RnSindiating the first trans/ission of a &yn /essage is
e/.edded in the &yn /essage! In the two-step /ethod" the ti/esta/p t1RnS indiating the first
trans/ission of a &yn /essage is e/.edded in the +ollowH5p /essage!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 Trans/ission inter0als of &yn /essages
'i"e of
"aster c(oc- 7
S#nc
Fo((o%J0p
t1M0N
t2M0N
S#nc
Fo((o%J0p
t1MnN
t2MnN
'i"e of s(a/e
c(oc- .
t1RnS7 indiates the ti/e point at whih the n
&yn /essage is trans/itted fro/ lo9 -"
where n K 0" 1" 2" !!!" '!
t2RnS7 indiates the ti/e point at whih the
n &yn /essage is reei0ed at lo9 ="
where n K 0" 1" 2" !!!" '!
&+&+1 Con6urin the I::: #211v% Time
SynchroniEation
This topi desri.es how to onfigure IDDD 1(**02 ti/e synhroni8ation on the 52000!
&+&+1+# Chanin the .ode 8or Selectin the -reBuency
Source
The default /ode for seleting a fre6ueny on an 'D is the physial synhroni8ation /ode!
Chen an 'D adopts the IDDD 1(**02 lo9 for fre6ueny synhroni8ation" you need to
hange the physial synhroni8ation /ode to the PTP synhroni8ation /ode!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree and hoose Cofiguratio > Cloc* > Fre?uec/
%electio Mode fro/ the +untion Tree!
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Step # In %elect Fre?uec/ %ource Mode" selet different lo9 synhroni8ation /odes!
Step % Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
&+&+1+% <ueryin or .odi8yin the PTP System Time
If the IDDD 1(** 02 protool is adopted for ti/e synhroni8ation" the PTP syste/ ti/e
displayed on different 'Ds at a /o/ent is the sa/e! If the PTP syste/ ti/e of the pri/ary
ti/e soure in the lo9 su.net is hanged" the PTP syste/ ti/e of other 'Ds on the lo9
su.net hanges aordingly!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree and hoose Cofiguratio > Cloc* > )T) Cloc*
> Cloc* %/c$roiAatio Attribute!
Step # Cli9 +uer/ to 6uery the PTP syste/ ti/e!
Step % In )T) %/stem Time" li9 " and then set the syste/ ti/e!
&et this para/eter for the grand/aster only when it uses loal real-ti/e lo9 as a ti/esale!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
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&+&+1+& Settin the PTP N: Attributes
PTP 'D attri.utes in0ol0e para/eters suh as the wor9ing /ode" pa9et /ultiast /ode" and
ti/e ad:usting funtion!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step # &et para/eters for a PTP lo9 aording to the planning infor/ation!
If a PTP lo9 or a lo9 soure priority ta.le is onfigured" the wor9ing /ode annot .e hanged!
-fter NE Cloc* T/-e is /odified" you need to re-reate all PTP lo9 ports on the 'D!
Step % Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
&+&+1+0 Creatin PTP Cloc, Ports
PTP lo9 ports refer to the ports that are loated on 'Ds and trans/it or reei0e PTP pa9ets!
PrereBuisites
If you /odify the 0alue of NE Cloc* T/-e for an 'D" para/eters of IDDD 1(**02-ena.led ports on the
'D will .e restored to the default 0alues! This re6uires you to re-reate all PTP lo9 ports on the 'D!
Chen NE Cloc* T/-e is set to TCEBC and you /odify the 0alue of )T) Mode for a port" you need to
re-reate the port!
52000
Procedure
> Cloc* %/c$roiAatio Attribute fro/ the +untion Tree!
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Step # Cli9 the )ort %tatus ta.!
Step % Cli9 New!
The Create )T) Cloc* )ort dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &elet the re6uired .oard" selet the orresponding port in A&ailable )ort" and then li9
!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
&+&+1+2 Settin PTP Cloc, Port Attributes
PTP lo9 port attri.utes in0ol0e para/eters suh as the 1#-' I, and enapsulation for/at
arried in the PTP pa9ets trans/itted or reei0ed at a port" referene lo9 soure" and IDDD
1(** -C2 lo9 status!
PrereBuisites
PTP lo9 ports are added!
52000
Procedure
Step % &et para/eters for PTP lo9 port attri.utes aording to the planning infor/ation!
If two interonneted 'Ds are lo9 synhroni8ed using the IDDD 1(** protool" )T) )ac*et '!AN"
)T) )ac*et Eca-sulatio Format" and %te- Module /ust .e set to the sa/e for the two 'Ds!
If the port on the upstrea/ 'D is IDDD 1(** ena.led" %<NC )ac*et )eriod3s4 /ust .e set to 701627 or
H01627!
re-reate the port!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
&+&+1+4 Settin Parameters 8or I::: #211v% Cloc, Pac,ets
The para/eters for IDDD 1(**02 lo9 pa9ets inlude P)D /ode" pa9et trans/ission period"
and announe pa9et ti/eout oeffiient!
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PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step # Cli9 the )ort message ta.!
Step % &et para/eters for PTP lo9 pa9ets aording to the planning infor/ation!
If two interonneted 'Ds are lo9 synhroni8ed using the IDDD 1(** protool" )0E Mode /ust .e set
to the sa/e for the two 'Ds!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
&+&+1+* Con6urin the Cable Transmission 3@set )et7een
N:s
This setion desri.es how to o/pensate the delay that results fro/ asynhronous PTP lo9
signal trans/ission .etween 'Ds!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step # Cli9 the Cable Trasmittig "ar- ta.!
Step % &et para/eters for onfiguring the a.le trans/ission offset of PTP lo9 signals aording to
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
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&+&+1+1 Con6urin a PTP Cloc, Subnet
- PTP su.net refers to a PTP lo9 do/ain! Dah piee of lo9 synhroni8ation e6uip/ent
an .e onfigured with only one PTP lo9 do/ain in whih the lo9 soure is seleted!
PrereBuisites
The lo9 wor9ing /ode is OC or BC!
52000
Procedure
> Cloc* %ubet Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Cli9 the Cloc* %ubet ta.!
Step % &et Cloc* %ubet No. aording to the planning infor/ation!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
&+&+1+/ .odi8yin the ).C Alorithm Parameters 8or N:
Cloc,s
Chen the internal lo9 of an 'D is used as a =4C lo9 soure" you an /odify the =4C
algorith/ para/eters for the internal lo9 of the 'D!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step # Cli9 the BMC ta.!
Step % &et the para/eters for the =4C algorith/ aording to the planning infor/ation!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
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....Ed
&+&+1+#" Settin )asic Attributes o8 :9ternal Time Ports
The .asi attri.utes of e;ternal ti/e ports inlude para/eters suh as the trans/ission
diretion" port type" and port le0el!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
> Exteral Time 1terface fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Cli9 the Basic Attribute ta.!
Step % &et para/eters for the .asi attri.utes of e;ternal ti/e ports aording to the planning
infor/ation!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
&+&+1+## Settin ).C Alorithm Parameters 8or :9ternal
Time Ports
Chen an e;ternal ti/e soure is used as a =4C ti/e soure" you an hange the =4C
algorith/ para/eters for e;ternal ti/e ports!
PrereBuisites
NE Cloc* T/-e is set to BC or OC for an 'D" and 1terface Mode in Exteral Time
1terface is set to Exteral Time 1terface!
52000
Procedure
Step # Cli9 the BMC ta.!
Step % &et para/eters for the =4C algorith/ of e;ternal ti/e ports aording to the planning
infor/ation!
Copyright Huawei
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Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
&+&+1+#% Settin the Cable Transmission 3@set 8or :9ternal
Time Ports
This setion desri.es how to o/pensate trans/ission distane of e;ternal ti/e ports!
PrereBuisites
NE Cloc* T/-e is set to BC or OC for an 'D" and 1terface Mode in Exteral Time
1terface is set to Exteral Time 1terface!
52000
Procedure
Step # Cli9 the Cable Trasmittig ,istace ta.!
Step % &et para/eters for the a.le trans/ission distane aording to the planning infor/ation!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
&+&+/ Plannin Guidelines
This setion pro0ides the guidelines to .e followed when you plan IDDD 1(**02!
Plannin Guidelines on Net7or, Re8erence Cloc,s
It is reo//ended that you onfigure a =IT& on the entral station on a .a9haul
networ9 as a referene lo9! - =IT& traes a <P& lo9 and reei0es <P& ti/e
infor/ation!
If a =IT& does not support the IDDD 1(**02 funtion" onfigure the =IT& so that it
inputs a lo9 into the entral station on a .a9haul networ9 through an e;ternal lo9
port and ti/e infor/ation to the entral station on a .a9haul networ9 through an
e;ternal ti/e port!
If a =IT& supports the IDDD 1(**02 funtion" onfigure the =IT& as a Preision Ti/e
Protool (PTP) 'D that funtions as the grand/aster lo9 and onnet the =IT& to the
entral station on a .a9haul networ9 through an +D)<D port! The =IT& then inputs a
lo9 to the entral station through a synhronous Dthernet port and ti/e infor/ation to
the entral station using the IDDD 1(**02 protool!
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Plannin Guidelines on Cloc, SynchroniEation Solutions
The lo9 preision of the IDDD 1(**02 fre6ueny synhroni8ation solution is lower
than that of the synhroni8ation solution at the physial layer! 5nless otherwise
speified" it is reo//ended that 'Ds on a .a9haul networ9 use the synhroni8ation
solution at the physial layer (inluding the synhronous Dthernet solution) for lo9
fre6ueny synhroni8ation!
'Ds on a .a9haul networ9 use a networ9-wide ti/e synhroni8ation solution for ti/e
synhroni8ation!
Plannin Guidelines on PTP N: Attributes
Chen a PTP 'D pro0ides only one PTP port for trans/itting IDDD 1(**02 /essages" set
the PTP 'D to wor9 in $C /ode! If the PTP 'D that wor9s in $C /ode does not
funtion as the grand/aster lo9" set the traing /ode of the PTP 'D to sla0e only!
Chen a PTP 'D pro0ides /ultiple PTP ports for trans/itting IDDD 1(**02 /essages"
set the PTP 'D to wor9 in =C /ode!
Dna.le the PTP ti/e ali.ration funtion on eah PTP 'D!
It is reo//ended that you set the pa9et /ultiast /ode to fully /ultiasted on all PTP
'Ds!
Dnsure that the for/at of the protool /essage for eah PTP 'D is the sa/e as the
for/at of the ti/e infor/ation used .y the e;ternal <P& protool!
Plannin Guidelines on PTP Port Attributes
&et attri.utes of PTP ports onsistent at .oth sides of a lin9 trans/itting IDDD 1(**02
/essages!
It is reo//ended that you set all PTP ports to the one-step /ode!
If two PTP 'D are diretly onneted to eah other" PTP /essages an arry no 1#-'
I,I if a PTP lo9 tra0els through a third-party networ9" onfigure 1#-' I,s arried in
PTP /essages aording to the re6uire/ents of the third-party networ9!
5nless otherwise speified" #2 enapsulation is reo//ended for PTP /essages
reei0ed)trans/itted .y PTP ports!
,isa.le the IDDD 1(** -C2 funtion!
5nless otherwise speified" it is reo//ended that you set pre-set states of PTP ports to
the default /ode(MA%TE2E%!A'E)!
If a PTP port an reei0e IDDD 1(**02 /essages fro/ /ultiple PTP 'Ds" speify a
referene I, so that the PTP port e;hanges IDDD 1(**02 /essages with a speified
PTP 'D!
If a PTP port is onneted to an D2D TC" set the P)D /ode to E2E! In D2D /ode" the
delay is /easured .y using the ,elay /ethod! If a PTP port is onneted to a P2P TC" set
the P)D /ode to )2)! In P2P /ode" the delay is /easured .y using the Pdelay /ethod! If
a PTP port is onneted to an $C)=C" the P)D /ode an .e set to either E2E or )2)" .ut
)2) is reo//ended!
It is reo//ended that all PTP /essage periods and ti/eout oeffiients ta9e the default
0alues!
,o not o/pensate for propagation asy//etry for any PTP port when you initially
o//issioning the IDDD 1(**02 funtion! Co/pensate for propagation asy//etry on
the sin9 node of a transport networ9 or at the .ase station side for PTP ports after
differene .etween the IDDD 1(**02 ti/e and the <P& ti/e is /easured!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Plannin Guidelines on PTP Cloc, Subnets
It is reo//ended that the lo9 do/ain I, for eah PTP 'D is set to the default 0alue
(0)!
If the 'D that funtions as the grand/aster lo9 needs to generate PTP ti/e (for
e;a/ple" e;ternal ti/e soures are una0aila.le or the loal ti/e needs to funtion as a
.a9up ti/e soure)" set =4C para/eters for the 'D! It is reo//ended that you set the
lo9 soure priority 2 to 1 and all the other para/eters ta9e their default 0alues! In the
other senarios" =4C para/eters ta9e their default 0alues!
Plannin Guidelines on :9ternal Time Ports
If the 'D that funtions as the grand/aster lo9 reei0es an e;ternal ti/e soure" set its
e;ternal ti/e port!
If an 'D on the transport networ9 needs to output e;ternal ti/e signals to .ase stations
through an e;ternal ti/e port" set its e;ternal ti/e port!
-n e;ternal ti/e port pro0ides a wide 0ariety of funtions! Dna.le the e;ternal ti/e port
to funtion as an e;ternal ti/e input or output port!
&et the protool for an e;ternal ti/e port as re6uired .y the onneted e6uip/ent!
D;ternal ti/e port in 1PP&LT$, /ode are /ost widely used!
If an e;ternal ti/e port is a signal input port" it is reo//ended that you set =4C
N Clo9 soure type7 <P&
N Clo9 soure priority 17 1
N Clo9 soure priority 27 1
N The other para/eters ta9e the default 0alues!
If an e;ternal ti/e port is a signal output port" it is reo//ended that you set =4C
N Clo9 soure type7 PTP
N The other para/eters ta9e the default 0alues!
Co/pensate for a.solute propagation delay .ased on the length of a.les that trans/it
e;ternal ti/e signals!
&+&+#" Con6uration Procedure
,uring the onfiguration of a networ9-wide ti/e synhroni8ation solution" NE Cloc* T/-e of
eah 'D needs to .e set to OC or BC!
Table 1.1 +low for onfiguring IDDD 1(**02
Step 3peration Description
1 3!3!*!1 Changing the
4ode for &eleting the
+re6ueny &oure
$ptional!
If fre6ueny synhroni8ation .y /eans of IDDD
1(**02 is re6uired" set %elect Fre?uec/ %ource
Mode to )T) %/c$roiAatio!
)$/sical %/c$roiAatio is reo//ended if possi.le!
2 3!3!*!2 Euerying or
4odifying the PTP
&yste/ Ti/e
$ptional!
&et this para/eter only for the root lo9 soure"

whih resides on the 'D that funtions as the
Copyright Huawei
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grand/aster of a PTP networ9!
&et this para/eter for the grand/aster only when it

uses loal real-ti/e lo9 as a ti/esale!
,o not set this para/eter for the grand/aster when it

is lo9-synhroni8ed with a =IT& through its
e;ternal ti/e port" .eause it is synhroni8ed with
the ti/esale of the =IT&!
3 3!3!*!3 &etting the
PTP 'D -ttri.utes
2e6uired!
&et NE Cloc* T/-e of an 'D to OC or BC

aording to a related networ9 plan! BC is
reo//ended!
2egarding an $C node that onnets to an e;ternal

ti/e soure de0ie" set %la&e8Ol/ to
NON8%!A'E8ON!<! -s suh" the $C node an
funtion as a /aster lo9 soure!
Ti/e synhroni8ation is a0aila.le .etween two

piees of e6uip/ent only when )T) Time
AdCustmet is set to Eabled for the e6uip/ent!
It is reo//ended that you set )ac*et Multicast

Mode to Full/ Multicasted!
@ 3!3!*!@ Creating PTP
Clo9 Ports
2e6uired!
&et an +D)<D port that is used to trans/it)reei0e IDDD
1(**02 pa9ets as a PTP port!
Chen NE Cloc* T/-e of an 'D is set to OC" only one
PTP port an .e reated for the 'DI when NE Cloc*
T/-e of an 'D is set to BC" /ultiple PTP ports an .e
reated for the 'D!
( 3!3!*!( &etting PTP
Clo9 Port -ttri.utes
2e6uired!
-ssoiated attri.utes /ust .e set for eah PTP port!
&et a 1#-' I, for PTP pa9ets aording to a

related plan! The 1#-' I, /ust .e different fro/
the 1#-' I, for ser0ie pa9ets or the 1#-' I,
for in.and ,C' pa9ets!
&et )T) )ac*et Eca-sulatio Format for PTP

pa9ets aording to a related plan! If a networ9
o/prises only Huawei $pti% $&' e6uip/ent" it is
reo//ended that you set )T) )ac*et
Eca-sulatio Format to )T)ET> (#2
enapsulation)!
&et )ort %tatus aording to a related plan! It is

reo//ended that you set it to MasterE%la&e"
wherein =4C algorith/s deter/ine the /aster-
sla0e synhroni8ation arhiteture of a PTP
networ9!
B 3!3!*!B &etting
Para/eters for IDDD
2e6uired!
-ssoiated PTP pa9et para/eters /ust .e set for eah
Copyright Huawei
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1(**02 Clo9 Pa9ets PTP port!
&et )0E Mode for a PTP port aording to a related

plan! This para/eter deter/ines whether the PTP
port adopts ,elay or Pdelay as a delay /easure/ent
/ethod!
N Chen NE Cloc* T/-e of all 'Ds is set to $C or
=C" it is reo//ended that you set this
para/eter to E2E!
N Chen an 'D is onneted to a TC 'D that
supports Pdelay" it is reo//ended that you set
this para/eter to )2) for the 'D!
&et periods for PTP pa9ets aording to a related

plan!
3 3!3!*!3 Configuring
the Ca.le
Trans/ission $ffset
=etween 'Ds
$ptional!
Chen propagation delay of a PTP lin9 in T;

diretion is different fro/ that in 2; diretion" set
Cable Trasmittig ,istace para/eters to
o/pensate for the ti/e differene!
4easure the ti/e differene .etween an 'D and the

referene ti/e soure" or the a.le length differene
.etween the T; diretion and the 2; diretion!
Then" o/pensate for the propagation delay on the
a.les at assoiated ports" at .oth ends of the PTP
lin9!
* 3!3!*!* Configuring a
PTP Clo9 &u.net
$ptional!
Ti/e synhroni8ation .y /eans of IDDD 1(**02 is
only a0aila.le to the PTP e6uip/ent within a sa/e
lo9 su.net! Chen a physial P&' needs to .e di0ided
into se0eral lo9 do/ains" lo9 su.nets need to .e
onfigured! $therwise" ta9e the default 0alue 0 for
lo9 do/ain I,!
A 3!3!*!10 &etting =asi
-ttri.utes of D;ternal
Ti/e Ports
2e6uired when an 'D needs to reei0e or trans/it
&et 1terface Mode to Exteral Time 1terface!
Chen an 'D needs to synhroni8e with an e;ternal

lo9" set ,irectio to 1gress for the 'D! Chen an
'D needs to pro0ide an e;ternal lo9 with ti/e
synhroni8ation infor/ation" set ,irectio to
Egress!
&et Cable Trasmittig ,istace para/eters .ased

on atual situations to o/pensate for propagation
delay on the a.le onneted to an e;ternal ti/e
port! It is reo//ended that you set the para/eters
only on 2; e6uip/ent!
10 3!3!*!11 &etting =4C
-lgorith/ Para/eters
for D;ternal Ti/e
2e6uired when an 'D reei0es ti/e synhroni8ation
signals through an e;ternal ti/e port!
Copyright Huawei
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Ports &et =4C para/eters re6uired for lo9 soure
seletion .ased on the type of an e;ternal ti/e signal
soure!
11 3!3!*!12 &etting the
Ca.le Trans/ission
$ffset for D;ternal
Ti/e Ports
&et Cable Trasmittig ,istace para/eters .ased

on atual situations to o/pensate for propagation
delay on the a.le onneted to an e;ternal ti/e
port!
It is reo//ended that you set the para/eters only

on 2; e6uip/ent! &et the para/eters on T;
e6uip/ent only when 2; e6uip/ent does not
support o/pensation for propagation delay on
a.les!
&+&+## Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure IDDD 1(**02 networ9-
wide ti/e synhroni8ation aording to networ9 onditions!
&+&+##+# Net7or, Diaram
This setion desri.es the networ9ing infor/ation a.out the 'Ds!
$n the /o.ile .a9haul networ9 as shown in +igure 3-@0" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
pro0ides =T&101 (a C,4- .ase station) and =T&201 (a C,4- 2000 .ase station) with
ser0ie .a9haul lin9s" fre6ueny synhroni8ation signals" and ti/e synhroni8ation signals!
The plan for ahie0ing fre6ueny synhroni8ation and ti/e synhroni8ation is pro0ided as
follows7
'D11 ahie0es fre6ueny synhroni8ation with =&C2 .y /eans of synhronous
Dthernet!
'D11 ahie0es ti/e synhroni8ation with the =IT& through its 1PP&LTo, ti/e port!
'D12 and 'D13 ahie0e fre6ueny synhroni8ation with 'D11 through DTH-interfae
lin9s!
'D12 and 'D13 ahie0e ti/e synhroni8ation with 'D11 .y /eans of IDDD 1(**02!
=T&201 ahie0es fre6ueny synhroni8ation with 'D13 .y /eans of synhronous
Dthernet (.eause =T&201 is onneted to 'D13 through its +D port)" and ti/e
synhroni8ation with 'D13 .y /eans of IDDD 1(**02 (.eause =T&201 supports the
IDDD 1(**02 protool)!
=T&101 ahie0es fre6ueny synhroni8ation with 'D13 .y /eans of D1 signals
(.eause =T&101 is onneted to 'D13 through its I4- D1 port)" and ti/e
synhroni8ation with 'D13 through its 1PP&LTo, ti/e port!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 'etwor9 diagra/ of IDDD 1(**02
7'S 201
7SC2
N511 N513
G5
F5
7'S 101
7SC1
N512
.'>/2>.
1 ::SI'OD
1 ::SI'OD
1 ::SI'OD
72'S
.'>/2>.
1 ::SI'OD
&+&+##+% Service Plannin
data!
Table 1.1 Configuration infor/ation a.out PTP lo9s
Parame
ter
N:## N:#% N:#&
+re6ueny
&eletion
4ode
%elect
Fre?uec
/ %ource
Mode
Physial
synhroni
8ation
Physial
synhroni8ation
Physial
synhroni8ation
PTP
attri.utes
of 'Ds
NE Cloc*
T/-e
=C =C =C
)T) Time
AdCustme
t
Dna.led Dna.led Dna.led
)ac*et
Multicast
Mode
+ully
4ultiaste
d
+ully 4ultiasted +ully 4ultiasted
-ttri.utes
of PTP
ports
)ort

$pti%
$&'
(007 3-
D4B%
-
P$2T(
$pti%
$&'
((07 A-
PD%1-
$pti%
$&'
(007 3-
D4B%
-
P$2T(
$pti%
$&'
((07 A-
PD%1-
$pti%
$&'
(007 3-
D4B%
-
P$2TB
$pti%
$&'
((07
10-
$pti%
$&'
(007 3-
D4B%
-
P$2T(
$pti%
$&'
((07 A-
PD%1-
$pti%
$&'
(007 3-
D4B%-
P$2TB
$pti%
$&'
((07
10-
PD%1-
Copyright Huawei
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Parame
ter
N:## N:#% N:#&
P$2T1 P$2T1 PD%1-
P$2T1
P$2T1 P$2T1
)T)
)ac*et
'!AN
@0A3 @0A3 @0A3 @0A3 @0A3
)T)
)ac*et
Eca-sul
atio
Format
PTP DTH PTP DTH PTP DTH PTP DTH PTP DTH
)ort
%tatus
4-&TD2 4-&TD2
L&#-1D
4-&TD2
L&#-1D
4-&TD2
L&#-1D
4-&TD2
L&#-1D
Eable
AC2
,isa.le ,isa.le ,isa.le ,isa.le ,isa.le
-ttri.utes
of PTP
pa9ets
)0E Mode P2P P2P P2P P2P P2P
%<NC
)ac*et
)eriod3s4
*)102@ *)102@ *)102@ *)102@ *)102@
),E!A<
)ac*et
)eriod3s4
12*)102@ 12*)102@ 12*)102@ 12*)102@ 12*)102@
ANNO#N
CE
)ac*et
)eriod3s4
12*)102@ 12*)102@ 12*)102@ 12*)102@ 12*)102@
ANNO#N
CE
)ac*et
Timeout
Coefficie
t
3 3 3 3 3
D;ternal
ti/e ports
1terface
Mode
D;ternal
Ti/e
Interfae
- D;ternal Ti/e Interfae
,irectio Ingress - Dgress
1terface
)rotocol
T/-e
1PP&LTo
,
- 1PP&LTo,
1terface
!e&el
2&-@22 - 2&-@22
Time
+ualit/
1*3 - -
Copyright Huawei
1@0*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parame
ter
N:## N:#% N:#&
!e&el
Time
)recisio
2(@ - -
Cloc*
%ource
T/-e
<P& - -
Cloc*
%ource
)riorit/ 1
10 - -
Cloc*
%ource
)riorit/ 2
12* - -
Trasmitt
ig
!egt$3m
4
10!( / - The =T&s o/pensate
for propagation delay
on a.les!
&+&+##+& Con6uration Process
Procedure
3!3!*!1 Changing the 4ode for &eleting the +re6ueny &oure!
The 0alues for the re6uired para/eters are pro0ided as follows!
Parameter Value
N:## N:#% N:#&
%elect Fre?uec/
%ource Mode
Physial
synhroni8ation
Physial
synhroni8ation
Physial
synhroni8ation
Step # 3!3!*!3 &etting the PTP 'D -ttri.utes!
Parameter Value
N:## N:#% N:#&
NE Cloc* T/-e =C =C =C
)T) Time
AdCustmet
Dna.led Dna.led Dna.led
Copyright Huawei
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Parameter Value
N:## N:#% N:#&
)ac*et Multicast
Mode
+ully 4ultiasted +ully 4ultiasted +ully 4ultiasted
Step % 3!3!*!@ Creating PTP Clo9 Ports!
Parameter Value
N:## N:#% N:#&
%elected )ort

$pti% $&' (007
3-D4B%-P$2T(
$pti% $&' ((07

A-PD%1-P$2T1
$pti% $&' (007
3-D4B%-P$2T(
3-D4B%-P$2TB
$pti% $&' ((07
A-PD%1-P$2T1
10-PD%1-P$2T1
$pti% $&' (007
3-D4B%-P$2T(
3-D4B%-P$2TB
$pti% $&' ((07
A-PD%1-P$2T1
10-PD%1-P$2T1
Step & 3!3!*!( &etting PTP Clo9 Port -ttri.utes!
Paramet
er
Value
N:## N:#% N:#&
3ptiI
3SN 2""D
*':.4I'
P3RT2
3ptiI
3SN 22"D
/'P:I#'
P3RT#
3ptiI
3SN 2""D
*':.4I'
P3RT2
3ptiI
3SN 22"D
/'P:I#'
P3RT#
3ptiI
3SN 2""D
*':.4I'
P3RT4
3ptiI
3SN 22"D
#"'P:I#'
P3RT#
3ptiI
3SN 2""D
*':.4I'
P3RT2
3ptiI
3SN 22"D
/'P:I#'
P3RT#
3ptiI
3SN 2""D
*':.4I'
P3RT4
3ptiI
3SN 22"D
#"'P:I#'
P3RT#
)T) )ac*et
'!AN
@0A3 @0A3 @0A3 @0A3 @0A3
)T) )ac*et
Eca-sulati
o Format
PTP DTH PTP DTH PTP DTH PTP DTH PTP DTH
)ort %tatus 4-&TD2 4-&TD2L&
#-1D
4-&TD2L&
#-1D
4-&TD2L&
#-1D
4-&TD2L&
#-1D
Step 0 3!3!*!B &etting Para/eters for IDDD 1(**02 Clo9 Pa9ets!
Copyright Huawei
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Paramet
er
N:## N:#% N:#&
)0E Mode P2P P2P P2P P2P P2P
%<NC
)ac*et
)eriod3s4
*)102@ *)102@ *)102@ *)102@ *)102@
),E!A<
)ac*et
)eriod3s4
12*)102@ 12*)102@ 12*)102@ 12*)102@ 12*)102@
ANNO#NC
E )ac*et
)eriod3s4
12*)102@ 12*)102@ 12*)102@ 12*)102@ 12*)102@
ANNO#NC
E )ac*et
Timeout
Coefficiet
3 3 3 3 3
Step 2 3!3!*!10 &etting =asi -ttri.utes of D;ternal Ti/e Ports!
Parameter N:## N:#&
1terface Mode D;ternal Ti/e Interfae D;ternal Ti/e Interfae
,irectio Ingress Dgress
1terface )rotocol T/-e 1PP&LTo, 1PP&LTo,
1terface !e&el 2&-@22 2&-@22
Step 4 3!3!*!11 &etting =4C -lgorith/ Para/eters for D;ternal Ti/e Ports!
Parameter N:## N:#&
Time +ualit/ !e&el 1*3 -
Time )recisio 2(@ -
)T) Cloc* %ource T/-e <P& -
)T) Cloc* %ource )riorit/
1
10 -
)T) Cloc* %ource )riorit/
2
12* -
Copyright Huawei
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Step * 3!3!*!12 &etting the Ca.le Trans/ission $ffset for D;ternal Ti/e Ports!
Parameter N:## N:#&
Trasmittig ,istace
Mode
#ength -
Trasmittig !egt$3m4 10!( -
....Ed
&+&+#% Related Alarms and :vents
This topi desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents that are related to the IDDD 1(**02
lo9!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
PTPH&$52CDH&CITCH This alar/ is reported when the grand/aster lo9 I, or
the port traed .y the loal 'D hanges!
PTPHTI4D&T-4PH-=' This alar/ is reported when the PTP ti/esta/p does not
hange!
P&21H#C&HI'1-#I, This alar/ is reported when the liense for the e;isting
PTP ser0ie is in0alid!
C#GH#$CGH+-I# If the loal 'D is fre6ueny synhroni8ed with the
upstrea/ 'D" the fre6ueny lo9 status is lo9ed! This
alar/ is reported when the fre6ueny lo9 status of the
loal 'D is failed!
TI4DH'$HT2-CDH4$,D This alar/ is reported when the IDDD 1(**02 is ena.led
on the 'D and the 'D traes the internal lo9 soure!
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to 1(**02!
&+&+#& Parameters 8or Con6urin I::: #211v%
This setion desri.es the para/eters for onfiguring IDDD 1(**02!
&+&+#&+# #211 ACRH-reBuency Selection .ode
This topi desri.es para/eters for seleting a fre6ueny soure /ode!
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
'D 'a/e 'D na/e
D;a/ple7 'D10(
,isplays the na/e of the
'D!
+re6ueny &oure 4ode Physial &ynhroni8ation"
PTP &ynhroni8ation
,efault7 Physial
&ynhroni8ation
&peifies the lo9
fre6ueny soure /ode of an
'D!
1alue desription7
Physial &ynhroni8ation7
used to synhroni8e an
Dthernet lin9! This /ode is
generally ti/e
synhroni8ation!
PTP &ynhroni8ation7 used
when ser0ies are
transparently trans/itted
through an asynhronous
P&'! This /ode is generally
2ules7
$n the sa/e P&'"

physial synhroni8ation
is reo//ended .eause
it is /ore preise!
+or e6uip/ent that

reei0es an e;ternal
lo9" set this para/eter
to )$/sical
%/c$roiAatio!
+or a 1(** -C2 sla0e or a

PTP lo9 used for
fre6ueny
synhroni8ation" set this
para/eter to )T)
%/c$roiAatio!
Chen ser0ies are

P&'" )T)
%/c$roiAatio /ust
.e used!
&+&+#&+% #211 ACRHPTP Cloc, SynchroniEation Attribute
Con6uration
This topi desri.es the para/eters used for onfiguring PTP lo9 synhroni8ation attri.utes!
Copyright Huawei
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PTP &yste/ Ti/e 4onth),ate)Oear
Hour74inute7&eond
D;a/ple7 03)1()2012
1B7137(2
&peifies the syste/ ti/e of the
urrent PTP 'D! The syste/ ti/e is
ti/e infor/ation that the urrent
PTP 'D traes the upstrea/ and
pro0ides to the downstrea/
through the PTP port if it is an
IDDD 1(**02 pa9et or through the
e;ternal ti/e port if it is a 1
PP&LTo, ti/e signal!
2ules7
This para/eter an .e /anually

set when the 'D is not traing
other PTP lo9 soures! The
/anually speified ti/e is only
used to test the IDDD 1(**02
funtion on the loal 'D!
In atual networ9ing" the 0alue of

this para/eter should .e
synhroni8ed to the upstrea/
ti/e infor/ation!
This para/eter is not set when

the IDDD 1(** -C2 funtion is
ena.led for the 'D!
'D 'a/e 'D na/e
D;a/ple7 'D(01
,isplays the na/e of the loal 'D!
'D Clo9 Type $C" =C" TC" TCL=C
,efault7 =C
&peifies the type of 'D lo9
/odel!
1alue desription7
$C7 &upports only one PTP port
and is used at the networ9 edge!
=C7 &upports /ultiple PTP ports
and is used as an inter/ediate
networ9 node!
TC7 Transparently trans/its PTP
pa9ets!
TCL=C7 TCL=C has the sa/e
features as =C" e;ept for that the
for/er only proesses delay .ut
e;ludes itself fro/ lo9
synhroni8ation!
&tati =4C - &peifies the status of the =4C
algorith/!
not support the setting of this
para/eter!
Copyright Huawei
1@1@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&la0e $nly 'o" Oes
,efault7 'o
&peifies whether the .oundary 'D
is the /aster lo9 or sla0e lo9!
1alue desription7
'o7 The 'D is the /aster lo9"
pro0iding ti/e infor/ation to the
downstrea/!
'o7 The 'D is the sla0e lo9"
traing ti/e infor/ation fro/ the
upstrea/!
-ssoiation with other para/eters7
This para/eter ta9es effet only
when NE Cloc* T/-e is OC!
PTP Ti/e -d:ust/ent Dna.led" ,isa.led
,efault7 Dna.led
&peifies whether to ena.le the
PTP ti/e ad:ust/ent funtion!
1alue desription7
Dna.le7 Dna.les the PTP ti/e
ad:ust/ent funtion!
,isa.led7 ,isa.les the PTP ti/e
ad:ust/ent funtion!
2ules7
'or/ally" it is reo//ended that

you use the default 0alue!
If the 'D needs to ha0e PTP

syste/ ti/e ad:usted (for
e;a/ple" networ9wide ti/e
synhroni8ation)" this para/eter
is ena.led!
If an 'D re6uires the IDDD 1(**

-C2 funtion" this para/eter
/ust .e disa.led!
Dna.le -uto/ati
Co/pensation
4easure/ent
Dna.led" ,isa.led
,efault7 Dna.led
auto/ati o/pensation
/easure/ent funtion! -fter
optial fi.er onnetions on a ring
networ9 are ut o0er or ad:usted"
the 'D an auto/atially alulate
the length differene .etween
trans/it and reei0e fi.ers! Then"
the user /anually sets the
o/pensation para/eters so the 'D
ti/e 9eeps synhroni8ed with the
<P&!
2ules7
If an 'D re6uires the IDDD

1(**02 funtion" this para/eter
/ust .e ena.led!
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/ust .e disa.led!
Pa9et 4ultiast 4ode +ully 4ultiasted"
Partially 4ultiasted
,efault7 +ully
4ultiasted
&peifies the trans/ission /ode of
&O'C" -''$5'CD" and ,D#-O
pa9ets!
1alue desription7
+ully 4ultiasted7 &O'C"
-''$5'CD" and ,D#-O pa9ets
are generally /ultiast!
Partially 4ultiasted7 &O'C and
-''$5'CD pa9ets are
/ultiast" and ,D#-O pa9ets are
uniast! ,D#-O pa9ets are
lassified as delay re6 pa9ets and
delay resp pa9ets!
2ules7
It is reo//ended that you use

the default 0alue!
In the D2D TC senario" )artiall/

Multicasted is reo//ended to
a0oid trans/itting delay re6
pa9ets .etween sla0e de0ies!
Protool Pa9et +or/at '4D-" 5=%
,efault7 5=%
&peifies the for/at of protool
pa9ets!
1alue desription7
'4D-7 The loal 'D nor/ally
uses '4D- as the protool pa9et
for/at!
5=%7 The loal 'D uses 5=% as
the protool pa9et for/at! 5=% is
a protool defined .y 5#=$%
o/pany!
2ules7
Chen interonneted with an

e;ternal ti/e de0ie" the
protool pa9et for/ats used .y
the two interonneted de0ies
should .e the sa/e!
#oal Clo9 &oure 'o! Part nu/.er of loal
lo9
D;a/ple7
001e10000A00BA10
,isplays the part nu/.er of loal
lo9 soure!
1alue desription7
The part nu/.er of lo9 soure
onsists of the enterprise ode" 'D
I," and supple/entary ode!
2ules7
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$n Huawei e6uip/ent" the
enterprise ode is always
0;001D10" the 'D I, is in IP0@
for/at" and the supple/entary ode
is 10!
Current 4aster Clo9
'o!
Part nu/.er of urrent
/aster lo9
D;a/ple7
001e10000A00BA10
,isplays the part nu/.er of urrent
/aster lo9!
1alue desription7
The lo9 soure I, is o/prised
of the enterprise ode" 'D I," and
supple/entary ode!
If Curret Master Cloc* No. is
the sa/e as !ocal Cloc* %ource
No." the 'D wor9s in free-run
/ode!
Ingress of Current
4aster Clo9
&lot I,-=oard na/e-Port
(Port 'o!)
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-( (P$2T()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-

PD%1-1 (P$2T1)
,isplays the input port of the
urrent lo9 soure that the 'D
traes!
Hops of Current 4aster
Clo9
Hops of urrent /aster
lo9
D;a/ple7 B
,isplays the hops of urrent /aster
lo9
Table 1.2 PTP port status para/eters
Port &lot I,-=oard na/e-Port
(Port 'o!)
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-( (P$2T()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-

PD%1-1 (P$2T1)
,isplays the na/e of PTP port!
PTP Pa9et 1#-' 1 to @0A@
D;a/ple7 @0A3
&peifies the 1#-' I, for PTP
pa9ets!
2ules7
Chen NE Cloc* T/-e is BC or

OC and PTP pa9ets need to
arry 1#-' I,s" set this
para/eter to a proper 0alue!
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Chen NE Cloc* T/-e is TC" set

this para/eter as re6uired so the
'D an distinguish PTP pa9ets
fro/ ser0ie pa9ets!
Chen the loal 'D is

interonneted with usto/er
e6uip/ent" set this para/eter as
re6uired if usto/er e6uip/ent
forwards PTP pa9ets .ased on
the 1#-' I,!
If two interonneted 'Ds are

lo9 synhroni8ed using the
IDDD 1(** protool" this
para/eter /ust .e set to the
PTP Pa9et
Dnapsulation +or/at
PTP DTH" PTP IP
,efault7 PTP DTH
&peifies the PTP pa9et
enapsulation for/at!
1alue desription7
PTP DTH7 PTP pa9ets on the loal
'D are enapsulated in the DTH
for/at!
PTP IP7 PTP pa9ets on the loal
'D are enapsulated in the IP
for/at!
2ules7
PTP DTH is used as #ayer 2

enapsulation!
PTP IP is used as #ayer 3

enapsulation!
This para/eter is set to the sa/e

0alue for the loal 'D and its
peer usto/er e6uip/ent!

Port Prefigure &tatus 4-&TD2L&#-1D"
4-&TD2" &#-1D
,efault7
4-&TD2L&#-1D
&peifies the prefigure status of the
port!
1alue desription7
4-&TD27 Chen a lo9 port is in
4-&TD2 state" it trans/its the
lo9 soure to the downstrea/!
&#-1D7 Chen a port is in &#-1D
state" it reei0es the lo9
infor/ation fro/ the upstrea/!
4-&TD2L&#-1D7 Chen a port is
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in 4-&TD2L&#-1D state" it
reei0es lo9 infor/ation fro/ the
upstrea/ and pro0ides the lo9
soure to the downstrea/!
2ules7
The default 0alue is reo//ended!
Current Port &tatus +-5#TO" #I&TD'I'<"
P-&&I1D" 4-&TD2"
&#-1D
,efault7 -
,isplays the .eha0ior of a port
when the e6uip/ent uses 1(**
-C2!
1alue desription7
+-5#TO7 The lo9 protool is
faulty! In this ase" the port
responds to /anage/ent /essages
.ut does not trans/it PTP
/essages!
#I&TD'I'<7 The announe pa9et
reeipt ti/es out" or the port is
waiting for announe fro/ the
/aster! In this state" the e6uip/ent
an add lo9s to the do/ain in
order!
P-&&I1D7 The port in the passi0e
state trans/its PdelayH2e6"
PdelayH2esp"
delayH2espH+ollowH5p" signaling"
or responses to /anage/ent
/essages!
4-&TD27 The port in the /aster
state is the /aster lo9 port!
&#-1D7 The port in the sla0e state
is .eing synhroni8ed to the urrent
/aster port!
2ules7
This para/eter is deter/ined using
the =4C algorith/!
Port 4anual &tatus 4-&TD2" P-&&I1D"
&#-1D
,efault7 &#-1D
,isplays the /anually onfigured
status of PTP port!
1alue desription7
P-&&I1D7 The port is independent!
That is" the port is not the /aster
lo9 port" and does not reei0e
lo9 infor/ation fro/ the /aster
lo9 port!
&#-1D7 The port reei0es lo9
infor/ation fro/ the /aster lo9
Copyright Huawei
1@1A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
port!
2eferene Clo9 &oure
'o!
00000000000000000000
to
++++++++++++++++++
++
&peifies the part nu/.er for the
port to partiipate in =4C soure
seletion!
1alue desription7
The part nu/.er is in the lo9
I,Lport I, for/at!
- PTP 'D alloates port I,s
starting with 0 to its PTP ports!
2ules7
If a PTP port an reei0e /ore

than one lo9 soure" /anually
speify a referene lo9 soure
for the port! Dah port an .e
/anually alloated a referene
lo9 soure!
If a PTP port an reei0e only one

lo9 soure and the referene
lo9 soure has not .een
/anually speified" the syste/
will onsider the first reei0ed
soure for =4C soure
seletion!
-C2 Dna.led ,isa.led" Dna.led
,efault7 ,isa.led
1(** -C2 funtion for the port!
2ules7
If the port an reei0e IDDD

1(**02 signals" it is
reo//ended that this
para/eter should .e disa.led!
If the port annot reei0e IDDD

para/eter should .e ena.led!
Then" the e6uip/ent will use the
ti/esta/p e;trated fro/ the
reei0ed PTP lo9 pa9et to
reo0er lo9 fre6ueny!
To use the 1(** -C2 funtion"

set Fre?uec/ %ource Mode to
)T) %/c$roiAatio and then
ena.le this para/eter!
&tep 4odule - &peifies the step /ode!
para/eter!
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PTP Port 4ode TC" $C" =C
,efault7 TC
&peifies the lo9 /odel of a PTP
port!
-fter NE Cloc* T/-e of an 'D is
hanged" all PTP ports of the 'D
/ust .e re-onfigured!
If NE Cloc* T/-e of an 'D is
TCEBC and )T) )ort Mode of a
PTP port on the 'D is hanged" all
para/eters of the PTP port need to
.e re-onfigured!
Table 1.( Para/eters for Creating a PTP Clo9 Port
=oard (-0aila.le Ports) &lot I,-=oard na/e
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-D4B%
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1

,isplays the .oard on whih
the PTP lo9 port an .e
onfigured!
Port (-0aila.le Ports) &lot I,-=oard na/e-Port
(Port 'o!)
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-( (P$2T()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1 (P$2T1)
,isplays the port on whih
the PTP lo9 an .e
onfigured!
Port (&eleted Ports) &lot I,-=oard na/e-Port
(Port 'o!)
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-( (P$2T()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1 (P$2T1)
the PTP lo9 needs to .e
onfigured!
Table 1.7 PTP pa9et para/eters
(Port 'o!)
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

Copyright Huawei
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D4B%-( (P$2T()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-

PD%1-1 (P$2T1)
P)D 4ode P2P" D2D
,efault7 P2P
&peifies the delay /ehanis/ used
.y the ti/e port!
1alue desription7
P2P7 The ti/e port uses the peer
delay /ehanis/!
D2D7 The ti/e port uses the
re6uest-respond delay /ehanis/!
2ules7
)2) is used for a /esh networ9!
E2E is used for a hain networ9!

&O'C Pa9et Period(s) @)102@" *)102@" 1B)102@"
32)102@" B@)102@"
12*)102@" 2(B)102@"
(12)102@
,efault7 B@)102@
&peifies the ti/e inter0al for
trans/itting &O'C pa9ets! This
para/eter is used to ad:ust the
period for trans/itting &O'C
pa9ets at a PTP port!
2ules7
If the port on the upstrea/ 'D is

IDDD 1(** ena.led" this
para/eter /ust .e set to 701627
or H01627!
This para/eter generally ta9es

the default 0alue" .ut an also .e
/anually onfigured!
&et this para/eter to the sa/e

0alue for the 'Ds on the sa/e
lo9 su.net!
,D#-O Pa9et
Period(s)
B@)102@" 12*)102@"
2(B)102@" (12)102@" 1" 2"
@" *" 1B
,efault7 1
trans/itting ,D#-O pa9ets at a
PTP port! This para/eter is used to
ad:ust the period for trans/itting
,D#-O pa9ets at a PTP port!
2ules7

/anually onfigured!

Copyright Huawei
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lo9 su.net!
when P)D 4ode is E2E!
P,D#-O Pa9et
Period(s)
B@)102@" 12*)102@"
2(B)102@" (12)102@" 1" 2"
@" *" 1B
,efault7 1
trans/itting P,D#-O pa9ets at a
P,D#-O pa9ets at a PTP port!
2ules7

/anually onfigured!

lo9 su.net!
This para/eter is set only when 'D
Clo9 Type is TC and P)D 4ode is
)2)!
-''$5'CD Pa9et
Period(s)
B@)102@" 12*)102@"
2(B)102@" (12)102@" 1" 2"
@" *" 1B
,efault7 12*)102@
trans/itting -''$5'CD pa9ets!
This para/eter is used to ad:ust the
period for trans/itting
-''$5'CD pa9ets at a PTP
port!
2ules7

/anually onfigured!

lo9 su.net!
-''$5'CD Pa9et
Ti/eout Coeffiient
2 to 10
,efault7 3
&peifies the pa9et trans/ission
inter0al oeffiient for deter/ining
that reei0ing of -''$5'CD
pa9ets ti/es out!
I/pats on the syste/7
If a port does not reei0e
-''$5'CD pa9ets within the
speified period" it deter/ines that
the lin9 fails!
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Table 1.5 Para/eters for a.le trans/ission offset
(Port 'o!)
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-((Port ()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1(Port 1)
,isplays the na/e of PTP
port!
Carp ,iretion Positi0e" 'egati0e
,efault7 Positi0e
&peifies the trans/ission
diretion of PTP pa9ets!
1alue desription7
Positi0e7 The reei0e
diretion is longer than the
trans/it diretion!
'egati0e7 The trans/it
reei0e diretion!
2ules7
Chen the positi0e

diretion for PTP pa9et
trans/ission is the offset
diretion" asy//etri
delay o/pensation is
perfor/ed in the trans/it
diretion!
Chen the negati0e

diretion" asy//etri
perfor/ed in the reei0e
diretion!
Carp 4ode #ength" Ti/e
,efault7 #ength
delay o/pensation /ode!
1alue desription7
#ength7 Co/pensation is
pro0ided .ased on the
distane different .etween
the reei0e diretion and the
trans/it diretion!
Ti/e7 Co/pensation is
trans/ission delay
differene .etween the
reei0e diretion and the
trans/it diretion!
Copyright Huawei
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2ules7
<enerally" Time is used!

Carp #ength (/) 0 to (@000
,efault7 0
&peifies the distane
differene to .e
o/pensated!
1alue desription7
Chen the a.les in the
reei0e and trans/it
diretions are different in
length" delay o/pensation
is onfigured for PTP lo9
trans/ission!
-ssoiation with other
para/eters7
Chen "ar- Mode is set to
!egt$" this para/eter is
onfigura.le!
Carp Ti/e (ns) 0 to 2B21@3
,efault7 0
delay differene to .e
o/pensated!
para/eters7
Time" this para/eter is
onfigura.le!
-tual 4easure/ent Carp
,iretion
Positi0e" 'egati0e
,efault7 -
,isplays the offset diretion
that is atually /easured!
(ns)
0 to 2B21@3
,efault7 -
,isplays the trans/ission
delay differene that is
atually o/pensated for!
2ules7
Chen there is no offset in

the reei0e and trans/it
diretion .etween two
'Ds" Actual
Measuremet "ar-
3s4 and Acce-t Actual
Measuremet "ar- are
not onfigura.le!
-ept -tual 4easure/ent
Carp
0 to 2B21@3
,efault7 -
,isplays the aepta.le
offset 0alue range" within
whih offset o/pensation
is not re6uired!
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NOTE
Chen the IDDD 1(** -C2 funtion has .een ena.led" the para/eters for a.le trans/ission offset do
not need to .e onfigured!
&+&+#&+& #211 ACRHPTP Cloc, Subnet Con6uration
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are related to a PTP lo9 su.net!
'D 'a/e 'a/e of an 'D
D;a/ple7 'D(A-(001)
Clo9 &u.net 'o! 0 to 2((
,efault7 0
&peifies the su.net to
whih the 'D .elongs!
How to set this para/eter7
&et this para/eter to the

sa/e 0alue for the 'Ds
with the sa/e lo9
su.net nu/.er!
Table 1.2 'D lo9 =4C algorith/ para/eters
D;a/ple7 'D(A-(002)
Ti/e Euality #e0el 0 to 2((
,efault7 1*3
&peifies the lo9 6uality
le0el!
,esription of the 0alue
range7
This para/eter defines the
traea.ility of the ti/e or
fre6ueny deli0ered .y the
pri/ary lo9 de0ie!
This para/eter affets the
ti/e traing relationship! If
Cloc* %ource )riorit/ 1 is
set to the sa/e 0alue for
/ultiple lo9 soures" the
algorith/ o/pares the
0alues of Time +ualit/
!e&el! - s/aller 0alue of
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Time +ualit/ !e&el
indiates a higher lo9
6uality! Therefore" the
algorith/ selets the lo9
soure with a s/aller 0alue
of Time +ualit/ !e&el!
&et this para/eter to a

s/aller 0alue if you
e;pet a higher lo9
6uality!
Ti/e Preision 0 to 2((
,efault7 2(@
&peifies the preision of
ti/e!
range7
ti/e preision of the urrent
pri/ary lo9 de0ie or the
e;peted ti/e preision of
the new lo9 de0ie!
This para/eter affets lo9
soure seletion! If Cloc*
%ource )riorit/ 1 and Time
+ualit/ !e&el are set to the
sa/e 0alues for /ultiple
lo9 soures" the algorith/
o/pares the 0alues of Time
)recisio! - s/aller 0alue
of Time )recisio indiates
a higher lo9 6uality!
Therefore" the algorith/
selets the lo9 soure with
a s/aller 0alue of Time
)recisio!

e;pet a higher lo9
6uality!
Clo9 &oure Type -T$4ICHC#$CG" <P&"
TD22D&T2I-#H2-,I$"
PTP" 'TP" H-',H&DT"
$THD2"
I'TD2'-#H$&CI##-T$
2
,efault7
I'TD2'-#H$&CI##-T$
lo9 soure to .e traed!
range7
-T$4ICHC#$CG7 ato/i
lo9 soures
<P&7 <P& lo9 soures
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2 TD22D&T2I-#H2-,I$7
lo9 soures that are
deli0ered through the
wireless distri.ution syste/
and o/ply with the
international standards!
PTP7 lo9 soures in
o/pliane with the
preision ti/e protool
'TP7 lo9 soures in
o/pliane with the networ9
ti/e protool
H-',H&DT7 /anually set
lo9 soures
$THD27 other lo9 soures
I'TD2'-#H$&CI##-T$2
7 internal lo9 soures
Clo9 &oure Priority 1 0 to 2((
,efault7 12*
&peifies the 0alue of lo9
soure priority 1! This
para/eter defines the
priorities of lo9 soures!
soure seletion and ser0es
as the pri/ary ondition in
:udging the 6uality of lo9
soures! - s/aller 0alue
soure priority! Therefore"
the algorith/ selets the
lo9 soure with a s/aller
0alue of Cloc* %ource
)riorit/ 1!

e;pet a higher lo9
soure priority!
,efault7 12*
Copyright Huawei
1@2*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)riorit/ 2!
%ource )riorit/ 1" Time
+ualit/ !e&el" and Time
)recisio are set to the sa/e
0alues for /ultiple lo9
soures" the algorith/
o/pares the 0alues of
Cloc* %ource )riorit/ 2! -
s/aller 0alue of Cloc*
%ource )riorit/ 2 indiates
a s/aller 0alue of Cloc*
%ource )riorit/ 2!

e;pet a higher lo9
soure priority!
NOTE
If the 'D uses the IDDD 1(** -C2 funtion" you do not need to set the 'D lo9 =4C algorith/
para/eters!
&+&+#&+0 #211 ACRHPTP :9ternal Time Inter8ace
Con6uration
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are related to a PTP e;ternal ti/e interfae!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for the .asi attri.utes
D;ternal Ti/e Interfae &lot I,-.oard na/e-
interfae I,
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-D;ternal Ti/e
Interfae 1
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

Copyright Huawei
1@2A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
D;ternal Ti/e Interfae
1
Interfae 4ode D;ternal Clo9 Interfae"
,efault7 D;ternal Ti/e
Interfae
&peifies the /ode of an
range7
D;ternal Clo9 Interfae7
onfiguration /anage/ent
for input of 24 lo9
soures" output of 24 lo9
soures" and 24 e;port
soures
D;ternal Ti/e Interfae7
for input)output diretions of
e;ternal ti/e soures" ti/e
interfae protool type" and
interfae le0el
,iretion Dgress" Ingress
,efault7 Dgress
&peifies the diretion of an
Interfae Protool Type ,C#&" 1PP&LTi/e
,efault7 1PP&LTi/e
,isplays the interfae
protool type of an e;ternal
ti/e soure!
range7
,C#&7 indiates that the
seond fra/e header
infor/ation and ti/e
infor/ation are trans/itted
together!
1PP&LTi/e7 indiates that
the seond fra/e header
separately!
&et this para/eter

aording to the atual
interfae protool type
and ensure that the 0alue
is the sa/e at the two
ends!
Interfae #e0el 2&@22
,efault7 2&@22
&peifies the le0el of the
range7
Copyright Huawei
1@30
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2&@227 indiates that the
interfae type is 2F-@(!
&et this 0alue to the sa/e

as the interonneted
interfae on the third-
party e6uip/ent!
D;ternal Ti/e Interfae &lot 'o!-=oard na/e-
D;ternal lo9 interfae
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-D;ternal Ti/e
Interfae 1
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1
,isplays the e;ternal ti/e
interfae!
,efault7 1*3
le0el!
range7
pri/ary lo9 de0ie!
%ource )riorit/ 1 is set to
the sa/e 0alue for /ultiple
+ualit/ !e&el! - s/aller
0alue of Time +ualit/
!e&el indiates a higher
lo9 6uality! Therefore" the

e;pet a higher lo9
Copyright Huawei
1@31
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
6uality!
,efault7 2(@
ti/e!
range7
the new lo9 de0ie!
soure seletion! If )T)
Cloc* %ource )riorit/ 1
and Time +ualit/ !e&el are
set to the sa/e 0alues for
0alues of Time )recisio! -
s/aller 0alue of Time
)recisio indiates a higher
of Time )recisio!

e;pet a higher lo9
6uality!
PTP Clo9 &oure Type -T$4ICHC#$CG" <P&"
TD22D&T2I-#H2-,I$"
PTP" 'TP" H-',H&DT"
$THD2"
I'TD2'-#H$&CI##-T$
2
,efault7
I'TD2'-#H$&CI##-T$
2
range7
-T$4ICHC#$CG7 ato/i
lo9 soures
<P&7 <P& lo9 soures
TD22D&T2I-#H2-,I$7
lo9 soures that are
and o/ply with the
PTP7 lo9 soures in
o/pliane with the
'TP7 lo9 soures in
Copyright Huawei
1@32
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
ti/e protool
lo9 soures
I'TD2'-#H$&CI##-T$2
PTP Clo9 &oure Priority 1 0 to 2((
,efault7 12*
)riorit/ 1!

e;pet a higher lo9
soure priority!
,efault7 12*
Cloc* %ource )riorit/ 1"
Time +ualit/ !e&el" and
Time )recisio are set to
the sa/e 0alues for /ultiple
Copyright Huawei
1@33
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
%ource )riorit/ 2!

e;pet a higher lo9
soure priority!
NOTE
para/eters!
Table 1.( Para/eters for the a.le trans/ission distane of e;ternal ti/e interfae
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-D;ternal Ti/e
Interfae 1
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1
interfae!
Trans/itting ,iretion Ingress" Dgress
,efault7 Ingress
diretion of the e;ternal ti/e
soure a.le!
range7
Ingress7 reei0e diretion
Dgress7 trans/it diretion
Trans/itting ,istane 4ode #ength" Ti/e
,efault7 #ength
distane /ode of the
range7
#ength7 indiates that the
trans/ission distane is
/easured in length!
Ti/e7 indiates that the
/easured in ti/e!
&et this para/eter to Time

if the trans/ission delay
an .e /easured!
Copyright Huawei
1@3@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
$therwise" set it to
!egt$!
Trans/ission #ength (/) 0 to 300
,efault7 0
&peifies the a.le
trans/ission length of the
range7
/odify the lo9
synhroni8ation proess!
If the 0alue is loser to the
atual length" ti/e
synhroni8ation is /ore
preise!
&et this para/eter

aording to the
/easured length of the
trans/ission a.le!
para/eters7
If Trasmittig ,istace
Mode is !egt$" you an
set this para/eter!
Trans/ission ,elay (ns) 0 to 13(0
,efault7 0
&peifies the a.le
trans/ission ti/e of the
range7
/odify the lo9
This para/eter only affets
the ti/e synhroni8ation
perfor/ane in the upstrea/
and downstrea/ diretions!
&et this para/eter

aording to the
/easured trans/ission
delay!
If the trans/ission
diretion is trans/it"
Copyright Huawei
1@3(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
applied to the trans/it
endI if the trans/ission
diretion is reei0e" delay
o/pensation is applied
to the reei0e end!
para/eters7
Mode is Time" you an set
this para/eter!
NOTE
If the 'D uses the IDDD 1(** -C2 funtion" you do not need to set the para/eters for the a.le
trans/ission distane of e;ternal ti/e interfae!
&+0 I::: #211 ACR
This hapter desri.es the IDDD 1(** -C2 feature!
&+0+# Introduction
This setion defines IDDD 1(** -C2 and desri.es the purpose of using this feature!
De6nition
IDDD 1(** adapti0e lo9 reo0ery (-C2) is a tehnology used to ahie0e fre6ueny
synhroni8ation .etween the lo9 e6uip/ent that supports the IDDD 1(**02 standard! To .e
speifi" the /aster e6uip/ent enapsulates the loal syste/ lo9 into a &yn pa9et as a
ti/esta/p and trans/its the &yn pa9et to a pa9et swithed networ9 (P&')" whih forwards
the &yn pa9et to the sla0e e6uip/ent! $n reei0ing the &yn pa9et" the sla0e e6uip/ent
e;trats the ti/esta/p fro/ the &yn pa9et and reo0ers the lo9 fre6ueny .y using the
-C2 algorith/! In this way" the lo9 fre6ueny of the PTP e6uip/ent at the two ends of a
P&' is synhroni8ed!
IDDD 1(** -C2 ahie0es only fre6ueny synhroni8ation .ut not ti/e synhroni8ation!
Purpose
Cith the IDDD 1(** -C2 tehnology applied on a transport networ9" the lo9 fre6ueny is
arried in an IDDD 1(**02 pa9et" whih tra0erses an asynhronous P&'! -s a result" the
lo9 fre6ueny of the e6uip/ent at the two ends of the P&' is synhroni8ed!
In the networ9 as shown in +igure 3-@1" the PTP node on the 2'C side enapsulates the lo9
fre6ueny of the .uilding integrated ti/ing supply (=IT&) e6uip/ent into an IDDD 1(**02
pa9et" whih tra0erses the asynhronous P&'! $n reei0ing the IDDD 1(**02 pa9et" the
PTP nodes on the 'ode= side reo0er the lo9 fre6ueny of the =IT& e6uip/ent fro/ the
IDDD 1(**02 pa9et .y using the -C2 algorith/" and send the lo9 fre6ueny to the
'ode=s! In this way" the lo9 fre6uenies of the 'ode=s are synhroni8ed with the lo9
fre6ueny of the 2'C!
Copyright Huawei
1@3B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 IDDD 1(** -C2 fre6ueny synhroni8ation
No!e7
No!e7
No!e7
RNC
72'S
:': no!e
'ransparent
trans"ission of
fre?uenc#
Fre?uenc#
s#ncroni8ation
Router/S%itc
:SN
D6uip/ent on a transport networ9 supports the on0ersion of IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9 signals
fro/ a non-transport networ9 into synhronous Dthernet lo9 signals to ahie0e networ9wide
-s shown in +igure 3-@2" =IT&1 and =IT&2 respeti0ely trans/it lo9 signals to 2outer1
and 2outer 2 through e;ternal lo9 ports! =eause 2outer1 and 2outer2 need to trans/it the
lo9 signals to on0ergene-layer 'Ds ('D1 and 'D2) through a non-transport networ9" they
on0ert the lo9 signals into IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9 signals! -fter the IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9
signals tra0erse the non-transport networ9 and reah 'D1 and 'D2" the two 'Ds restore the
signals into synhronous Dthernet lo9 signals and trans/it the/ to 'D3! 'D3 trans/its the
lo9 signals to aess-layer 'Ds! The aess-layer 'Ds trans/it the lo9 signals to 'ode=s!
In this /anner" networ9wide fre6ueny synhroni8ation is ahie0ed!
Currently" the e6uip/ent supports only the on0ersion of IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9 signals into
synhronous Dthernet signals!
Copyright Huawei
1@33
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.2 Typial networ9 that uses .oth synhronous Dthernet and IDDD 1(** -C2
.ccess
(a#er
Con/er)e
nce (a#er
OptiX OSN access
e?uip"ent
e?uip"ent
C(oc- infor"ation
C(oc-
infor"ation
S#ncronous
eternet c(oc-
No!e 7
No!e 7
No!e 7
3ITS& 3ITS$
N51 N52
N53
N5B
N55
N5D N57
2555 1588 .CR
S#ncronous
eternet c(oc-
S#ncronous
eternet c(oc-
S#ncronous
eternet c(oc-
C(oc-
infor"ation
Router1 Router2
Copyright Huawei
1@3*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&+0+% Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations for IDDD 1(** -C2!
Ta.le 3-2@ lists the speifiations for IDDD 1(** -C2!
Table 1.1 &peifiations for IDDD 1(** -C2
Item Speci6cations
Port $pti% $&' (007
+D eletrial ports
+D optial ports
<D optial ports

$pti% $&' ((07
+D optial ports
<D optial ports
<D eletrial ports
10<D optial ports

NOTE
&+P eletrial /odules do not support IDDD 1(** -C2!
1(** -C2 4aster /ode &upported
1(** -C2 &la0e /ode &upported
Clo9 preision

IT5-T <!*23 &yn te/plate (The P,1
introdued .y P&' annot e;eed the range
fro/ -( /s to L( /s! In addition" /ini/u/
P,1 0alues per seond /ust .e o/pletely
with a nor/al distri.ution ur0e and Bb /ust
.e less than 20 us!)
IT5-T <!*23 Traffi te/plate (The P,1

introdued .y P&' annot e;eed the range
fro/ -10 /s to L10 /s! In addition" /ini/u/
P,1 0alues per seond /ust .e o/pletely
with a nor/al distri.ution ur0e and Bb /ust
.e less than 20 us!)
&+0+& Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion pro0ides the standards and protools assoiated with IDDD 1(** -C2!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with IDDD 1(** -C27
IT5-T <!*2B1)O!13B17 Ti/ing and &ynhroni8ation -spets in Pa9et 'etwor9s
IT5-T <!*2B(!1)O!13B(!17 Preision ti/e protool teleo/ profile for fre6ueny
synhroni8ation
IDDD 1(**027 IDDD &tandard for a Preision Clo9 3 &ynhroni8ation Protool for
'etwor9ed 4easure/ent and Control &yste/s
Copyright Huawei
1@3A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&+0+0 Availability
The IDDD 1(** -C2 feature re6uires the support of the applia.le produts" .oards" and
software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200BC00 and later
!ard7are Support
Version
Applicable Product
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
Remar,s
C&H, .oards whose <D optial ports house &+P eletrial /odules do not support IDDD
1(** -C2!
D+*+ .oards whose +D ports house &+P eletrial /odules do not support IDDD 1(**
-C2!
&+0+2 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for IDDD 1(** -C2 at the networ9
design phase and the onfiguration and o//issioning phase!
Copyright Huawei
1@@0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation
Remar,s
Dntire feature The inter/ediate networ9
through whih the $pti%
$&' e6uip/ent uses the
IDDD 1(** -C2 funtion to
trans/it lo9 signals /ust
.e a #ayer 2 networ9!
')-
Dntire feature 10 <D Ports wor9ing in
C-' /ode do not support
IDDD 1(** -C2!
in0ol0ed!
=oard C&H, .oards whose <D
optial ports house &+P
eletrial /odules do not
support IDDD 1(** -C2!
$nly the $pti% $&' (00 is
in0ol0ed!
=oard D+*+ .oards whose +D
ports house &+P eletrial
/odules do not support
IDDD 1(** -C2!
')-
5imitation
Remar,s
Dntire feature IDDD 1(** -C2 is a0aila.le only
when the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent
supports pure pa9et ser0ies!
')-
Dntire feature Chen onfiguring IDDD 1(** -C2
for an 'D" set Eable AC2 to
Eabled for all -C2-applia.le
ports!
')-
-ttri.utes of
the PTP lo9
port
lo9 synhroni8ed using the IDDD
1(** -C2 protool" the ports at
.oth ends /ust .e ena.led! In
addition" )T) )ac*et '!AN" )T)
)ac*et Eca-sulatio Format"
%te- Module" and )0E Mode /ust
.e set to the sa/e for the two 'Ds!
-0oid a ti/e or fre6ueny
synhroni8ation failure!
-ttri.utes of
the PTP lo9
port
If the IDDD 1(** -C2 fre6ueny
synhroni8ation funtion for the
port on the upstrea/ 'D" %<NC
)ac*et )eriod3s4 /ust .e set to
701627 or H01627!
Dnsure that the port trans/its /ore
than 12* pa9ets per seond!
Copyright Huawei
1@@1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&+0+4 Principles
The IDDD 1(** -C2 algorith/ deals with the trans/it ti/esta/p and reei0e ti/esta/p
arried in an IDDD 1(**02 pa9et to reo0er the lo9 fre6ueny of the trans/it end!
Cith the networ9 shown in +igure 3-@3 as an e;a/ple" the i/ple/entation of IDDD 1(**
-C2 is desri.ed as follows7
1! The trans/it end (/aster node) uses the loal syste/ lo9 as the referene and adds a
trans/it ti/esta/p to an IDDD 1(**02 pa9et! The trans/it ti/esta/p ontains the loal
lo9 fre6ueny!
2! -s a .roadast ser0ie" the IDDD 1(**02 pa9et is forwarded to the reei0e end (sla0e
node) through the inter/ediate P&'!
3! The reei0e end e;trats the trans/it ti/esta/p fro/ the IDDD 1(**02 pa9et and
reords the reei0e ti/esta/p of the IDDD 1(**02 pa9et!
@! =y using the -C2 algorith/" the reei0e end proesses the trans/it ti/esta/ps and
reei0e ti/esta/ps of IDDD 1(**02 pa9ets that are reei0ed within a period of ti/e"
filters out the delay 0ariane of the P&'" and reo0ers the lo9 fre6ueny of the
trans/it end!
Figure 1.1 Priniples of IDDD 1(** -C2
S(a/e
S#nc pac-et
Recor!in) te
arri/a( ti"e
'rans"it
ti"esta"p
,oca(
ti"esta"p
Generatin) a
ti"esta"p
Decapsu(atin)
te pac-et
Recei/in)
te pac-et
,oca(
c(oc-
:':
port
53terna( c(oc- port
S#ste" c(oc-
>aster
.!!in) a trans"it
ti"esta"p
Fra"in) te
pac-et
'rans"ittin)
te pac-et
:':
port
Generatin) a
ti"esta"p
,oca(
c(oc-
No!e7
RNC
>aster
:': no!e
S(a/e
:': no!e
:SN
S#nc pac-et
.CR
a()orit"
&+0+* Plannin Guidelines
This setion pro0ides the guidelines to .e followed when you plan IDDD 1(** -C2!
General Plannin Guidelines
IDDD 1(** -C2 is used for fre6ueny synhroni8ation when lo9s tra0erse a third-
party networ9! - third-party networ9 /ay .e an #2 networ9 or a P&'!
Copyright Huawei
1@@2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The P&' speifially refers to the 4P#&-.ased pa9et swithed networ9!
IDDD 1(** -C2 supported .y the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent is .ased on the #2 /ultiast
solution instead of the #3 uniast solution speified in IT5-T <!*2B(!1!
IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9s an tra0erse an #2 networ9 diretly! IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9
tra0erses a P&' networ9 .y /eans of port wrapping! +igure 3-@@ shows an e;a/ple!
Figure 1.1 IDDD 1(** -C2 tra0ersing a P&' networ9
:SN
:<
>:,S tunne( S(a/e >aster
:': N5
:': port
5'& :<53 port 5'& :<53 port
:': port
Plannin Guidelines on .aster N:s
Configure a =IT& as a 4aster 'D if possi.le!
If no =IT& is onfigured" follow these guidelines when you plan 4aster 'Ds7
N Configure a 4aster 'D as the grand/aster lo9 and disa.le the ti/e ali.ration
funtion on the 4aster 'D!
N -dopt the internal ti/e soure of a 4aster 'D as the grand/aster lo9!
N If an IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9 tra0erses an #2 networ9" set a 1#-' I, for IDDD
1(**02 /essages reei0ed)trans/itted .y PTP ports aording to re6uire/ents of the
#2 networ9! The 1#-' I, for IDDD 1(**02 /essages /ust .e different fro/ the
1#-' I, for ser0ies trans/itted on the #2 networ9!
N If an IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9 tra0erses a P&'" set the 1#-' I, for IDDD 1(**02
/essages reei0ed)trans/itted .y PTP ports the sa/e as the 1#-' I, for DTH
PCD3 ser0ies on the P&'!
N ,o not ena.le the -C2 funtion on PTP ports!
Plannin Guidelines on Slave N:s
+ollow these guidelines when you plan &la0e 'Ds7
N Configure a &la0e 'D as an 'D that traes the grand/aster lo9!
N ,isa.le the PTP ti/e ali.ration funtion!
N Dna.le the -C2 funtion on PTP ports!
N &et the other para/eters for PTP ports onsistent with those of the 4aster 'D!
N &et the fre6ueny soure /ode to PTPT synhroni8ation!
The other 'Ds on the sa/e side where &la0e 'D is loated are synhroni8ed with the
&la0e 'D using physial layer lo9 synhroni8ation solution!
Copyright Huawei
1@@3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&+0+1 Con6uration Procedure
Configuration of IDDD 1(** -C2 at /aster e6uip/ent is totally different fro/ that at sla0e
e6uip/ent!
Table 1.1 +low for onfiguring IDDD 1(** -C2
1 3!3!*!1 Changing the
4ode for &eleting the
+re6ueny &oure
$ptional!
2egarding /aster e6uip/ent" set %elect Fre?uec/

%ource Mode to )$/sical %/c$roiAatio!
2egarding sla0e e6uip/ent" set %elect Fre?uec/

%ource Mode to )T) %/c$roiAatio!
2 3!3!*!10 &etting =asi
-ttri.utes of D;ternal
Ti/e Ports
e;ternal lo9 signals!
&et 1terface Mode to Exteral Time 1terface!
Chen /aster e6uip/ent needs to synhroni8e with

an e;ternal lo9" set ,irectio to 1gress!
Chen sla0e e6uip/ent needs to pro0ide its

interonneted e6uip/ent with e;ternal lo9
signals" set ,irectio to Egress!
3 3!3!*!* Configuring a
PTP Clo9 &u.net
$ptional!
+re6ueny synhroni8ation .y /eans of IDDD 1(**

-C2 is only a0aila.le to the PTP e6uip/ent within
a sa/e lo9 su.net! Therefore" /aster e6uip/ent
and sla0e e6uip/ent /ust .e onfigured into a
sa/e lo9 su.net!
Chen a physial networ9 needs to .e di0ided into

se0eral lo9 do/ains" lo9 su.nets need to .e
onfigured! $therwise" ta9e the default 0alue 0 for
lo9 do/ain I,!
@ 3!3!*!3 &etting the
PTP 'D -ttri.utes
2e6uired!
It is reo//ended that you set this para/eter to BC
for .oth /aster e6uip/ent and sla0e e6uip/ent!
( 3!3!*!@ Creating PTP
Clo9 Ports
2e6uired!
&et an +D)<D port that is used to trans/it)reei0e IDDD
1(**02 pa9ets as a PTP port!
Chen NE Cloc* T/-e of an 'D is set to OC" only one
PTP port an .e reated for the 'DI when NE Cloc*
T/-e of an 'D is set to BC" /ultiple PTP ports an .e
reated for the 'D!
B 3!3!*!( &etting PTP
Clo9 Port -ttri.utes
2e6uired!
-ssoiated attri.utes /ust .e set for eah PTP port!
&et a 1#-' I, for PTP pa9ets aording to a

related plan! The 1#-' I, /ust .e different fro/
the 1#-' I, for ser0ie pa9ets or the 1#-' I,
Copyright Huawei
1@@@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
for in.and ,C' pa9ets!
&et )T) )ac*et Eca-sulatio Format for PTP

pa9ets aording to a related plan! If a networ9
o/prises only Huawei $pti% 2T' e6uip/ent" it is
reo//ended that you set )T) )ac*et
Eca-sulatio Format to )T)ET> (#2
enapsulation)!
&et )ort %tatus aording to a related plan! It is

reo//ended that you set it to MasterE%la&e"
wherein =4C algorith/s deter/ine the /aster-
sla0e synhroni8ation arhiteture of a PTP
networ9!
&et Eable AC2 to Eabled for a PTP port on sla0e

e6uip/ent!
3 3!3!*!B &etting
Para/eters for IDDD
1(**02 Clo9 Pa9ets
$ptional!
&et a sa/e period for PTP pa9ets fro/ /aster and
sla0e e6uip/ent!
&+0+/ Con6urin the I::: #211 ACR Cloc,
SynchroniEation
This topi desri.es how to onfigure IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9 synhroni8ation on the 52000!
&+0+/+# nin the .ode 8or Selectin the -reBuency Source
The default /ode for seleting a fre6ueny on an 'D is the physial synhroni8ation /ode!
Chen an 'D adopts the IDDD 1(**02 lo9 for fre6ueny synhroni8ation" you need to
hange the physial synhroni8ation /ode to the PTP synhroni8ation /ode!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the re6uired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree and hoose Cofiguratio > Cloc* > Fre?uec/
%electio Mode fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # In %elect Fre?uec/ %ource Mode" selet different lo9 synhroni8ation /odes!
Step % Cli9 A--l/!
Copyright Huawei
1@@(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
....Ed
&+0+/+% Settin )asic Attributes o8 :9ternal Time Ports
The .asi attri.utes of e;ternal ti/e ports inlude para/eters suh as the trans/ission
diretion" port type" and port le0el!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step # Cli9 the Basic Attribute ta.!
Step % &et para/eters for the .asi attri.utes of e;ternal ti/e ports aording to the planning
infor/ation!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
&+0+/+& Con6urin a PTP Cloc, Subnet
- PTP su.net refers to a PTP lo9 do/ain! Dah piee of lo9 synhroni8ation e6uip/ent
an .e onfigured with only one PTP lo9 do/ain in whih the lo9 soure is seleted!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step # Cli9 the Cloc* %ubet ta.!
Step % &et Cloc* %ubet No. aording to the planning infor/ation!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
Copyright Huawei
1@@B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
....Ed
&+0+/+0 Settin the PTP N: Attributes
PTP 'D attri.utes in0ol0e para/eters suh as the wor9ing /ode" pa9et /ultiast /ode" and
ti/e ad:usting funtion!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step # &et para/eters for a PTP lo9 aording to the planning infor/ation!
If a PTP lo9 or a lo9 soure priority ta.le is onfigured" the wor9ing /ode annot .e hanged!
-fter NE Cloc* T/-e is /odified" you need to re-reate all PTP lo9 ports on the 'D!
Step % Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
&+0+/+2 Creatin PTP Cloc, Ports
PTP lo9 ports refer to the ports that are loated on 'Ds and trans/it or reei0e PTP pa9ets!
PrereBuisites
If you /odify the 0alue of NE Cloc* T/-e for an 'D" para/eters of IDDD 1(**02-ena.led ports on the
'D will .e restored to the default 0alues! This re6uires you to re-reate all PTP lo9 ports on the 'D!
re-reate the port!
52000
Copyright Huawei
1@@3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Procedure
Step % Cli9 New!
The Create )T) Cloc* )ort dialog .o; is displayed!
Step & &elet the re6uired .oard" selet the orresponding port in A&ailable )ort" and then li9
!
Step 0 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
&+0+/+4 Settin PTP Cloc, Port Attributes
PTP lo9 port attri.utes in0ol0e para/eters suh as the 1#-' I, and enapsulation for/at
arried in the PTP pa9ets trans/itted or reei0ed at a port" referene lo9 soure" and IDDD
1(** -C2 lo9 status!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step % &et para/eters for PTP lo9 port attri.utes aording to the planning infor/ation!
If two interonneted 'Ds are lo9 synhroni8ed using the IDDD 1(** protool" )T) )ac*et '!AN"
)T) )ac*et Eca-sulatio Format" and %te- Module /ust .e set to the sa/e for the two 'Ds!
If the port on the upstrea/ 'D is IDDD 1(** ena.led" %<NC )ac*et )eriod3s4 /ust .e set to 701627 or
H01627!
re-reate the port!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
1@@*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&+0+/+* Settin Parameters 8or I::: #211v% Cloc, Pac,ets
The para/eters for IDDD 1(**02 lo9 pa9ets inlude P)D /ode" pa9et trans/ission period"
and announe pa9et ti/eout oeffiient!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
Step # Cli9 the )ort message ta.!
Step % &et para/eters for PTP lo9 pa9ets aording to the planning infor/ation!
If two interonneted 'Ds are lo9 synhroni8ed using the IDDD 1(** protool" )0E Mode /ust .e set
to the sa/e for the two 'Ds!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
&+0+#" Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure IDDD 1(** -C2
&+0+#"+# Net7or, Diaram
This setion desri.es the networ9ing infor/ation a.out the 'Ds!
$n the /o.ile .a9haul networ9 as shown in +igure 3-@(" 'ode=s need to .e lo9-
synhroni8ed with the 2'C! The plan for ahie0ing lo9 synhroni8ation is pro0ided as
follows7
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent ahie0es lo9 synhroni8ation with the 2'C)'ode=s .y
/eans of synhronous Dthernet!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent with /irowa0e lin9s in .etween ahie0es lo9
synhroni8ation with eah other through DTH-interfae lin9s!
'D13 and 'D12 are interonneted through an asynhronous P&'" and therefore
physial-layer lo9 synhroni8ation .etween the/ is i/possi.le! Clo9 synhroni8ation
.y /eans of IDDD 1(** -C2" howe0er" is a0aila.le" .eause .oth 'D12 and 'D13
support the IDDD 1(**02 protool!
Copyright Huawei
1@@A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 'etwor9 diagra/ of IDDD 1(** -C2
No!e7 2
No!e7 1 N51B
F5
N515
F5
S#ncronous
5tenet c(oc-
N513
@S(a/eA
:SN
N512
@>asterA
N511 RNC
G5
5'& (in-
c(oc-
1588 .CR c(oc-
S#ncronous
5tenet c(oc-
5'& (in-
c(oc-
&+0+#"+% Service Plannin
data!
To ahie0e lo9 synhroni8ation .y /eans of IDDD 1(** -C2" set IDDD 1(** para/eters on
'D12 and 'D13" and ena.le IDDD 1(** -C2 on 'D13!
Table 1.1 Configuration infor/ation a.out the IDDD 1(** -C2 appliation e;a/ple
Parameter N:#% N:#&
+re6ueny &eletion
4ode
%elect Fre?uec/
%ource Mode
Physial
&ynhroni8ation
PTP &ynhroni8ation
PTP attri.utes of
'Ds
NE Cloc* T/-e =C =C
)T) Time
AdCustmet
,isa.le ,isa.le
)ac*et Multicast
Mode
+ully 4ultiasted +ully 4ultiasted
-ttri.utes of PTP
ports
)ort

$pti% $&' (007
3-D4B%-P$2T(
$pti% $&' ((07

A-PD%1-P$2T1
$pti% $&' (007

3-D4B%-P$2T(
$pti% $&' ((07

A-PD%1-P$2T1
)T) )ac*et '!AN @0A3 @0A3
)T) )ac*et
Eca-sulatio
Format
PTP DTH PTP DTH
)ort %tatus 4-&TD2 &#-1D
Eable AC2 ,isa.le Dna.le
-ttri.utes of PTP
pa9ets
)0E Mode D2D D2D
%<NC )ac*et *)102@ *)102@
Copyright Huawei
1@(0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter N:#% N:#&
)eriod3s4
,E!A< )ac*et
)eriod3s4
12*)102@ 12*)102@
ANNO#NCE
)ac*et )eriod3s4
12*)102@ 12*)102@
ANNO#NCE
)ac*et Timeout
Coefficiet
3 3
&+0+#"+& Con6uration Process
Procedure
3!3!*!1 Changing the 4ode for &eleting the +re6ueny &oure!
Parameter Value
N:#% N:#&
%elect Fre?uec/ %ource
Mode
Physial &ynhroni8ation PTP &ynhroni8ation
Step # 3!3!*!3 &etting the PTP 'D -ttri.utes!
Parameter Value
N:#% N:#&
NE Cloc* T/-e =C =C
)T) Time AdCustmet ,isa.le ,isa.le
)ac*et Multicast Mode +ully 4ultiasted (default
0alue)
+ully 4ultiasted (default
0alue)
)rotocol )ac*et Format 5=% (default 0alue) 5=% (default 0alue)
Step % 3!3!*!@ Creating PTP Clo9 Ports!
Copyright Huawei
1@(1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Parameter Value
N:#% N:#&
%elected )ort

$pti% $&' (007 3-
D4B%-( (port ()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1 (port 1)
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-( (port ()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1 (port 1)
Step & 3!3!*!( &etting PTP Clo9 Port -ttri.utes!
Parameter Value
N:#% N:#&
)ort

$pti% $&' (007 3-
D4B%-( (port ()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1 (port 1)
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-( (port ()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1 (port 1)
)T) )ac*et '!AN @0A3 @0A3
)T) )ac*et Eca-sulatio
Format
PTP DTH PTP DTH
)ort %tatus 4-&TD2 &#-1D
Eable AC2 ,isa.le Dna.led
Step 0 3!3!*!B &etting Para/eters for IDDD 1(**02 Clo9 Pa9ets!
Parameter Value
N:#% N:#&
)0E Mode D2D D2D
%<NC )ac*et )eriod3s4 *)102@ *)102@
,E!A< )ac*et )eriod3s4 12*)102@ 12*)102@
ANNO#NCE )ac*et
)eriod3s4
12*)102@ 12*)102@
ANNO#NCE )ac*et
Timeout Coefficiet
3 3
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&+0+## Relevant Alarms and :vents
This setion desri.es the alar/s and perfor/ane e0ents related to IDDD 1(** -C2!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
-C2H#$CGH+-I# IDDD 1(** -C2 lo9ing failure
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to 1(** -C2!
&+0+#% I::: #211 ACR Con6uration Parameters
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are used for onfiguring IDDD 1(** -C2!
&+0+#%+# #211 ACRH-reBuency Selection .ode
This topi desri.es para/eters for seleting a fre6ueny soure /ode!
'D 'a/e 'D na/e
D;a/ple7 'D10(
'D!
+re6ueny &oure 4ode Physial &ynhroni8ation"
PTP &ynhroni8ation
,efault7 Physial
&ynhroni8ation
&peifies the lo9
fre6ueny soure /ode of an
'D!
1alue desription7
Physial &ynhroni8ation7
used to synhroni8e an
Dthernet lin9! This /ode is
generally ti/e
synhroni8ation!
PTP &ynhroni8ation7 used
when ser0ies are
P&'! This /ode is generally
2ules7
$n the sa/e P&'"

physial synhroni8ation
is reo//ended .eause
it is /ore preise!
+or e6uip/ent that

reei0es an e;ternal
Copyright Huawei
1@(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
lo9" set this para/eter
to )$/sical
%/c$roiAatio!
+or a 1(** -C2 sla0e or a

PTP lo9 used for
fre6ueny
synhroni8ation" set this
para/eter to )T)
%/c$roiAatio!
Chen ser0ies are

P&'" )T)
%/c$roiAatio /ust
.e used!
&+0+#%+% #211 ACRHPTP Cloc, SynchroniEation Attribute
Con6uration
This topi desri.es the para/eters used for onfiguring PTP lo9 synhroni8ation attri.utes!
PTP &yste/ Ti/e 4onth),ate)Oear
Hour74inute7&eond
D;a/ple7 03)1()2012
1B7137(2
&peifies the syste/ ti/e of the
urrent PTP 'D! The syste/ ti/e is
ti/e infor/ation that the urrent
PTP 'D traes the upstrea/ and
pro0ides to the downstrea/
through the PTP port if it is an
IDDD 1(**02 pa9et or through the
e;ternal ti/e port if it is a 1
PP&LTo, ti/e signal!
2ules7
This para/eter an .e /anually

set when the 'D is not traing
other PTP lo9 soures! The
/anually speified ti/e is only
used to test the IDDD 1(**02
funtion on the loal 'D!
In atual networ9ing" the 0alue of

this para/eter should .e
synhroni8ed to the upstrea/
ti/e infor/ation!
This para/eter is not set when

the IDDD 1(** -C2 funtion is
ena.led for the 'D!
Copyright Huawei
1@(@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
'D 'a/e 'D na/e
D;a/ple7 'D(01
,isplays the na/e of the loal 'D!
'D Clo9 Type $C" =C" TC" TCL=C
,efault7 =C
&peifies the type of 'D lo9
/odel!
1alue desription7
$C7 &upports only one PTP port
and is used at the networ9 edge!
=C7 &upports /ultiple PTP ports
and is used as an inter/ediate
networ9 node!
TC7 Transparently trans/its PTP
pa9ets!
TCL=C7 TCL=C has the sa/e
features as =C" e;ept for that the
for/er only proesses delay .ut
e;ludes itself fro/ lo9
synhroni8ation!
&tati =4C - &peifies the status of the =4C
algorith/!
para/eter!
&la0e $nly 'o" Oes
,efault7 'o
&peifies whether the .oundary 'D
is the /aster lo9 or sla0e lo9!
1alue desription7
'o7 The 'D is the /aster lo9"
pro0iding ti/e infor/ation to the
downstrea/!
'o7 The 'D is the sla0e lo9"
traing ti/e infor/ation fro/ the
upstrea/!
This para/eter ta9es effet only
when NE Cloc* T/-e is OC!
PTP Ti/e -d:ust/ent Dna.led" ,isa.led
,efault7 Dna.led
PTP ti/e ad:ust/ent funtion!
1alue desription7
Dna.le7 Dna.les the PTP ti/e
ad:ust/ent funtion!
,isa.led7 ,isa.les the PTP ti/e
ad:ust/ent funtion!
2ules7
'or/ally" it is reo//ended that

you use the default 0alue!
Copyright Huawei
1@((
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
If the 'D needs to ha0e PTP

syste/ ti/e ad:usted (for
e;a/ple" networ9wide ti/e
synhroni8ation)" this para/eter
is ena.led!

/ust .e disa.led!
Dna.le -uto/ati
Co/pensation
4easure/ent
Dna.led" ,isa.led
,efault7 Dna.led
auto/ati o/pensation
/easure/ent funtion! -fter
optial fi.er onnetions on a ring
networ9 are ut o0er or ad:usted"
the 'D an auto/atially alulate
the length differene .etween
trans/it and reei0e fi.ers! Then"
the user /anually sets the
o/pensation para/eters so the 'D
ti/e 9eeps synhroni8ed with the
<P&!
2ules7
If an 'D re6uires the IDDD

1(**02 funtion" this para/eter
/ust .e ena.led!

/ust .e disa.led!
Pa9et 4ultiast 4ode +ully 4ultiasted"
Partially 4ultiasted
,efault7 +ully
4ultiasted
&peifies the trans/ission /ode of
&O'C" -''$5'CD" and ,D#-O
pa9ets!
1alue desription7
+ully 4ultiasted7 &O'C"
-''$5'CD" and ,D#-O pa9ets
are generally /ultiast!
Partially 4ultiasted7 &O'C and
-''$5'CD pa9ets are
/ultiast" and ,D#-O pa9ets are
uniast! ,D#-O pa9ets are
lassified as delay re6 pa9ets and
delay resp pa9ets!
2ules7
It is reo//ended that you use

the default 0alue!
In the D2D TC senario" )artiall/

Multicasted is reo//ended to
a0oid trans/itting delay re6
pa9ets .etween sla0e de0ies!
Copyright Huawei
1@(B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Protool Pa9et +or/at '4D-" 5=%
,efault7 5=%
&peifies the for/at of protool
pa9ets!
1alue desription7
'4D-7 The loal 'D nor/ally
uses '4D- as the protool pa9et
for/at!
5=%7 The loal 'D uses 5=% as
the protool pa9et for/at! 5=% is
a protool defined .y 5#=$%
o/pany!
2ules7
Chen interonneted with an

e;ternal ti/e de0ie" the
protool pa9et for/ats used .y
the two interonneted de0ies
should .e the sa/e!
#oal Clo9 &oure 'o! Part nu/.er of loal
lo9
D;a/ple7
001e10000A00BA10
,isplays the part nu/.er of loal
lo9 soure!
1alue desription7
The part nu/.er of lo9 soure
onsists of the enterprise ode" 'D
I," and supple/entary ode!
2ules7
$n Huawei e6uip/ent" the
enterprise ode is always
0;001D10" the 'D I, is in IP0@
for/at" and the supple/entary ode
is 10!
Current 4aster Clo9
'o!
Part nu/.er of urrent
/aster lo9
D;a/ple7
001e10000A00BA10
,isplays the part nu/.er of urrent
/aster lo9!
1alue desription7
The lo9 soure I, is o/prised
of the enterprise ode" 'D I," and
supple/entary ode!
If Curret Master Cloc* No. is
the sa/e as !ocal Cloc* %ource
No." the 'D wor9s in free-run
/ode!
Ingress of Current
4aster Clo9
&lot I,-=oard na/e-Port
(Port 'o!)
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-( (P$2T()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-

PD%1-1 (P$2T1)
,isplays the input port of the
urrent lo9 soure that the 'D
traes!
Copyright Huawei
1@(3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Hops of Current 4aster
Clo9
Hops of urrent /aster
lo9
D;a/ple7 B
,isplays the hops of urrent /aster
lo9
Table 1.2 PTP port status para/eters
(Port 'o!)
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-( (P$2T()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-

PD%1-1 (P$2T1)
PTP Pa9et 1#-' 1 to @0A@
D;a/ple7 @0A3
&peifies the 1#-' I, for PTP
pa9ets!
2ules7
Chen NE Cloc* T/-e is BC or

OC and PTP pa9ets need to
arry 1#-' I,s" set this
para/eter to a proper 0alue!
Chen NE Cloc* T/-e is TC" set

this para/eter as re6uired so the
'D an distinguish PTP pa9ets
fro/ ser0ie pa9ets!
Chen the loal 'D is

interonneted with usto/er
e6uip/ent" set this para/eter as
re6uired if usto/er e6uip/ent
forwards PTP pa9ets .ased on
the 1#-' I,!

PTP Pa9et
Dnapsulation +or/at
PTP DTH" PTP IP
,efault7 PTP DTH
&peifies the PTP pa9et
enapsulation for/at!
1alue desription7
PTP DTH7 PTP pa9ets on the loal
'D are enapsulated in the DTH
for/at!
PTP IP7 PTP pa9ets on the loal
'D are enapsulated in the IP
Copyright Huawei
1@(*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
for/at!
2ules7
PTP DTH is used as #ayer 2

enapsulation!
PTP IP is used as #ayer 3

enapsulation!
This para/eter is set to the sa/e

0alue for the loal 'D and its
peer usto/er e6uip/ent!

Port Prefigure &tatus 4-&TD2L&#-1D"
4-&TD2" &#-1D
,efault7
4-&TD2L&#-1D
&peifies the prefigure status of the
port!
1alue desription7
4-&TD27 Chen a lo9 port is in
4-&TD2 state" it trans/its the
lo9 soure to the downstrea/!
&#-1D7 Chen a port is in &#-1D
state" it reei0es the lo9
infor/ation fro/ the upstrea/!
4-&TD2L&#-1D7 Chen a port is
in 4-&TD2L&#-1D state" it
reei0es lo9 infor/ation fro/ the
upstrea/ and pro0ides the lo9
soure to the downstrea/!
2ules7
The default 0alue is reo//ended!
Current Port &tatus +-5#TO" #I&TD'I'<"
P-&&I1D" 4-&TD2"
&#-1D
,efault7 -
,isplays the .eha0ior of a port
when the e6uip/ent uses 1(**
-C2!
1alue desription7
+-5#TO7 The lo9 protool is
faulty! In this ase" the port
responds to /anage/ent /essages
.ut does not trans/it PTP
/essages!
#I&TD'I'<7 The announe pa9et
reeipt ti/es out" or the port is
waiting for announe fro/ the
/aster! In this state" the e6uip/ent
an add lo9s to the do/ain in
order!
P-&&I1D7 The port in the passi0e
Copyright Huawei
1@(A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
state trans/its PdelayH2e6"
PdelayH2esp"
delayH2espH+ollowH5p" signaling"
or responses to /anage/ent
/essages!
&#-1D7 The port in the sla0e state
is .eing synhroni8ed to the urrent
/aster port!
2ules7
This para/eter is deter/ined using
the =4C algorith/!
Port 4anual &tatus 4-&TD2" P-&&I1D"
&#-1D
,efault7 &#-1D
,isplays the /anually onfigured
status of PTP port!
1alue desription7
P-&&I1D7 The port is independent!
That is" the port is not the /aster
lo9 port" and does not reei0e
lo9 infor/ation fro/ the /aster
lo9 port!
&#-1D7 The port reei0es lo9
infor/ation fro/ the /aster lo9
port!
2eferene Clo9 &oure
'o!
00000000000000000000
to
++++++++++++++++++
++
&peifies the part nu/.er for the
port to partiipate in =4C soure
seletion!
1alue desription7
The part nu/.er is in the lo9
I,Lport I, for/at!
- PTP 'D alloates port I,s
starting with 0 to its PTP ports!
2ules7
If a PTP port an reei0e /ore

than one lo9 soure" /anually
speify a referene lo9 soure
for the port! Dah port an .e
/anually alloated a referene
lo9 soure!
If a PTP port an reei0e only one

lo9 soure and the referene
lo9 soure has not .een
/anually speified" the syste/
will onsider the first reei0ed
soure for =4C soure
Copyright Huawei
1@B0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
seletion!
-C2 Dna.led ,isa.led" Dna.led
,efault7 ,isa.led
1(** -C2 funtion for the port!
2ules7
If the port an reei0e IDDD

para/eter should .e disa.led!
If the port annot reei0e IDDD

para/eter should .e ena.led!
Then" the e6uip/ent will use the
ti/esta/p e;trated fro/ the
reei0ed PTP lo9 pa9et to
reo0er lo9 fre6ueny!
To use the 1(** -C2 funtion"

set Fre?uec/ %ource Mode to
)T) %/c$roiAatio and then
ena.le this para/eter!
&tep 4odule - &peifies the step /ode!
para/eter!
PTP Port 4ode TC" $C" =C
,efault7 TC
&peifies the lo9 /odel of a PTP
port!
-fter NE Cloc* T/-e of an 'D is
hanged" all PTP ports of the 'D
/ust .e re-onfigured!
If NE Cloc* T/-e of an 'D is
TCEBC and )T) )ort Mode of a
PTP port on the 'D is hanged" all
para/eters of the PTP port need to
.e re-onfigured!
Table 1.( Para/eters for Creating a PTP Clo9 Port
=oard (-0aila.le Ports) &lot I,-=oard na/e
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-D4B%
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1

,isplays the .oard on whih
the PTP lo9 port an .e
onfigured!
Copyright Huawei
1@B1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Port (-0aila.le Ports) &lot I,-=oard na/e-Port
(Port 'o!)
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-( (P$2T()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1 (P$2T1)
the PTP lo9 an .e
onfigured!
Port (&eleted Ports) &lot I,-=oard na/e-Port
(Port 'o!)
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-( (P$2T()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1 (P$2T1)
the PTP lo9 needs to .e
onfigured!
Table 1.7 PTP pa9et para/eters
(Port 'o!)
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-( (P$2T()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-

PD%1-1 (P$2T1)
P)D 4ode P2P" D2D
,efault7 P2P
&peifies the delay /ehanis/ used
.y the ti/e port!
1alue desription7
P2P7 The ti/e port uses the peer
delay /ehanis/!
D2D7 The ti/e port uses the
re6uest-respond delay /ehanis/!
2ules7
)2) is used for a /esh networ9!
E2E is used for a hain networ9!

Copyright Huawei
1@B2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
&O'C Pa9et Period(s) @)102@" *)102@" 1B)102@"
32)102@" B@)102@"
12*)102@" 2(B)102@"
(12)102@
,efault7 B@)102@
trans/itting &O'C pa9ets! This
para/eter is used to ad:ust the
period for trans/itting &O'C
pa9ets at a PTP port!
2ules7
If the port on the upstrea/ 'D is

IDDD 1(** ena.led" this
para/eter /ust .e set to 701627
or H01627!

/anually onfigured!

lo9 su.net!
,D#-O Pa9et
Period(s)
B@)102@" 12*)102@"
2(B)102@" (12)102@" 1" 2"
@" *" 1B
,efault7 1
trans/itting ,D#-O pa9ets at a
,D#-O pa9ets at a PTP port!
2ules7

/anually onfigured!

lo9 su.net!
when P)D 4ode is E2E!
P,D#-O Pa9et
Period(s)
B@)102@" 12*)102@"
2(B)102@" (12)102@" 1" 2"
@" *" 1B
,efault7 1
trans/itting P,D#-O pa9ets at a
P,D#-O pa9ets at a PTP port!
2ules7

/anually onfigured!

lo9 su.net!
This para/eter is set only when 'D
Clo9 Type is TC and P)D 4ode is
Copyright Huawei
1@B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)2)!
-''$5'CD Pa9et
Period(s)
B@)102@" 12*)102@"
2(B)102@" (12)102@" 1" 2"
@" *" 1B
,efault7 12*)102@
trans/itting -''$5'CD pa9ets!
This para/eter is used to ad:ust the
period for trans/itting
-''$5'CD pa9ets at a PTP
port!
2ules7

/anually onfigured!

lo9 su.net!
-''$5'CD Pa9et
Ti/eout Coeffiient
2 to 10
,efault7 3
&peifies the pa9et trans/ission
inter0al oeffiient for deter/ining
that reei0ing of -''$5'CD
pa9ets ti/es out!
If a port does not reei0e
-''$5'CD pa9ets within the
speified period" it deter/ines that
the lin9 fails!
Table 1.5 Para/eters for a.le trans/ission offset
(Port 'o!)
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-((Port ()
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1(Port 1)
,isplays the na/e of PTP
port!
Carp ,iretion Positi0e" 'egati0e
,efault7 Positi0e
diretion of PTP pa9ets!
1alue desription7
Positi0e7 The reei0e
trans/it diretion!
'egati0e7 The trans/it
reei0e diretion!
2ules7
Copyright Huawei
1@B@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Chen the positi0e

diretion" asy//etri
perfor/ed in the trans/it
diretion!
Chen the negati0e

diretion" asy//etri
perfor/ed in the reei0e
diretion!
Carp 4ode #ength" Ti/e
,efault7 #ength
delay o/pensation /ode!
1alue desription7
#ength7 Co/pensation is
distane different .etween
the reei0e diretion and the
trans/it diretion!
Ti/e7 Co/pensation is
trans/ission delay
differene .etween the
reei0e diretion and the
trans/it diretion!
2ules7
<enerally" Time is used!

Carp #ength (/) 0 to (@000
,efault7 0
&peifies the distane
differene to .e
o/pensated!
1alue desription7
Chen the a.les in the
reei0e and trans/it
diretions are different in
length" delay o/pensation
is onfigured for PTP lo9
trans/ission!
para/eters7
!egt$" this para/eter is
onfigura.le!
Carp Ti/e (ns) 0 to 2B21@3
,efault7 0
delay differene to .e
Copyright Huawei
1@B(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
o/pensated!
para/eters7
Time" this para/eter is
onfigura.le!
,iretion
Positi0e" 'egati0e
,efault7 -
,isplays the offset diretion
that is atually /easured!
(ns)
0 to 2B21@3
,efault7 -
,isplays the trans/ission
delay differene that is
atually o/pensated for!
2ules7
Chen there is no offset in

the reei0e and trans/it
diretion .etween two
'Ds" Actual
Measuremet "ar-
3s4 and Acce-t Actual
Measuremet "ar- are
not onfigura.le!
-ept -tual 4easure/ent
Carp
0 to 2B21@3
,efault7 -
,isplays the aepta.le
offset 0alue range" within
whih offset o/pensation
is not re6uired!
NOTE
Chen the IDDD 1(** -C2 funtion has .een ena.led" the para/eters for a.le trans/ission offset do
not need to .e onfigured!
&+0+#%+& #211 ACRHPTP Cloc, Subnet Con6uration
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are related to a PTP lo9 su.net!
D;a/ple7 'D(A-(001)
Clo9 &u.net 'o! 0 to 2((
,efault7 0
&peifies the su.net to
whih the 'D .elongs!
&et this para/eter to the

sa/e 0alue for the 'Ds
with the sa/e lo9
su.net nu/.er!
Copyright Huawei
1@BB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
D;a/ple7 'D(A-(002)
,efault7 1*3
le0el!
range7
pri/ary lo9 de0ie!
This para/eter affets the
ti/e traing relationship! If
Cloc* %ource )riorit/ 1 is
set to the sa/e 0alue for
0alues of Time +ualit/
!e&el! - s/aller 0alue of
Time +ualit/ !e&el
6uality! Therefore" the

e;pet a higher lo9
6uality!
,efault7 2(@
ti/e!
range7
the new lo9 de0ie!
%ource )riorit/ 1 and Time
+ualit/ !e&el are set to the
Copyright Huawei
1@B3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
sa/e 0alues for /ultiple
)recisio! - s/aller 0alue
of Time )recisio indiates
a s/aller 0alue of Time
)recisio!

e;pet a higher lo9
6uality!
Clo9 &oure Type -T$4ICHC#$CG" <P&"
TD22D&T2I-#H2-,I$"
PTP" 'TP" H-',H&DT"
$THD2"
I'TD2'-#H$&CI##-T$
2
,efault7
I'TD2'-#H$&CI##-T$
2
range7
-T$4ICHC#$CG7 ato/i
lo9 soures
<P&7 <P& lo9 soures
TD22D&T2I-#H2-,I$7
lo9 soures that are
and o/ply with the
PTP7 lo9 soures in
o/pliane with the
'TP7 lo9 soures in
ti/e protool
lo9 soures
I'TD2'-#H$&CI##-T$2
,efault7 12*
Copyright Huawei
1@B*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)riorit/ 1!

e;pet a higher lo9
soure priority!
,efault7 12*
)riorit/ 2!
%ource )riorit/ 1" Time
+ualit/ !e&el" and Time
)recisio are set to the sa/e
0alues for /ultiple lo9
soures" the algorith/
%ource )riorit/ 2!

Copyright Huawei
1@BA
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
e;pet a higher lo9
soure priority!
NOTE
para/eters!
&+0+#%+0 #211 ACRHPTP :9ternal Time Inter8ace
Con6uration
This topi desri.es the para/eters that are related to a PTP e;ternal ti/e interfae!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for the .asi attri.utes
D;ternal Ti/e Interfae &lot I,-.oard na/e-
interfae I,
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-D;ternal Ti/e
Interfae 1
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1
Interfae 4ode D;ternal Clo9 Interfae"
,efault7 D;ternal Ti/e
Interfae
&peifies the /ode of an
range7
D;ternal Clo9 Interfae7
for input of 24 lo9
soures" output of 24 lo9
soures" and 24 e;port
soures
D;ternal Ti/e Interfae7
for input)output diretions of
e;ternal ti/e soures" ti/e
interfae protool type" and
interfae le0el
,iretion Dgress" Ingress
,efault7 Dgress
&peifies the diretion of an
Interfae Protool Type ,C#&" 1PP&LTi/e
,efault7 1PP&LTi/e
,isplays the interfae
protool type of an e;ternal
ti/e soure!
Copyright Huawei
1@30
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
range7
,C#&7 indiates that the
seond fra/e header
together!
1PP&LTi/e7 indiates that
the seond fra/e header
separately!
&et this para/eter

aording to the atual
interfae protool type
and ensure that the 0alue
is the sa/e at the two
ends!
Interfae #e0el 2&@22
,efault7 2&@22
&peifies the le0el of the
range7
2&@227 indiates that the
interfae type is 2F-@(!
&et this 0alue to the sa/e

as the interonneted
interfae on the third-
party e6uip/ent!
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-D;ternal Ti/e
Interfae 1
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1
interfae!
Ti/e Euality #e0el 0 to 2(( &peifies the lo9 6uality
le0el!
Copyright Huawei
1@31
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
,efault7 1*3 ,esription of the 0alue
range7
pri/ary lo9 de0ie!
%ource )riorit/ 1 is set to
the sa/e 0alue for /ultiple
+ualit/ !e&el! - s/aller
0alue of Time +ualit/
!e&el indiates a higher

e;pet a higher lo9
6uality!
,efault7 2(@
ti/e!
range7
the new lo9 de0ie!
Cloc* %ource )riorit/ 1
and Time +ualit/ !e&el are
set to the sa/e 0alues for
0alues of Time )recisio! -
s/aller 0alue of Time
)recisio indiates a higher
of Time )recisio!
Copyright Huawei
1@32
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0

e;pet a higher lo9
6uality!
PTP Clo9 &oure Type -T$4ICHC#$CG" <P&"
TD22D&T2I-#H2-,I$"
PTP" 'TP" H-',H&DT"
$THD2"
I'TD2'-#H$&CI##-T$
2
,efault7
I'TD2'-#H$&CI##-T$
2
range7
-T$4ICHC#$CG7 ato/i
lo9 soures
<P&7 <P& lo9 soures
TD22D&T2I-#H2-,I$7
lo9 soures that are
and o/ply with the
PTP7 lo9 soures in
o/pliane with the
'TP7 lo9 soures in
ti/e protool
lo9 soures
I'TD2'-#H$&CI##-T$2
,efault7 12*
)riorit/ 1!
Copyright Huawei
1@33
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0

e;pet a higher lo9
soure priority!
,efault7 12*
Cloc* %ource )riorit/ 1"
Time +ualit/ !e&el" and
Time )recisio are set to
the sa/e 0alues for /ultiple
%ource )riorit/ 2!

e;pet a higher lo9
soure priority!
NOTE
para/eters!
Table 1.( Para/eters for the a.le trans/ission distane of e;ternal ti/e interfae
D;a/ple7
$pti% $&' (007 3-

D4B%-D;ternal Ti/e
Interfae 1
$pti% $&' ((07 A-PD%1-

1
interfae!
Copyright Huawei
1@3@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Trans/itting ,iretion Ingress" Dgress
,efault7 Ingress
diretion of the e;ternal ti/e
soure a.le!
range7
Ingress7 reei0e diretion
Dgress7 trans/it diretion
Trans/itting ,istane 4ode #ength" Ti/e
,efault7 #ength
distane /ode of the
range7
#ength7 indiates that the
/easured in length!
Ti/e7 indiates that the
/easured in ti/e!
&et this para/eter to Time

if the trans/ission delay
an .e /easured!
$therwise" set it to
!egt$!
Trans/ission #ength (/) 0 to 300
,efault7 0
&peifies the a.le
trans/ission length of the
range7
/odify the lo9
If the 0alue is loser to the
atual length" ti/e
synhroni8ation is /ore
preise!
&et this para/eter

aording to the
/easured length of the
trans/ission a.le!
para/eters7
Mode is !egt$" you an
Copyright Huawei
1@3(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
set this para/eter!
Trans/ission ,elay (ns) 0 to 13(0
,efault7 0
&peifies the a.le
trans/ission ti/e of the
range7
/odify the lo9
This para/eter only affets
the ti/e synhroni8ation
perfor/ane in the upstrea/
and downstrea/ diretions!
&et this para/eter

aording to the
/easured trans/ission
delay!
If the trans/ission
diretion is trans/it"
applied to the trans/it
endI if the trans/ission
diretion is reei0e" delay
o/pensation is applied
to the reei0e end!
para/eters7
Mode is Time" you an set
this para/eter!
NOTE
If the 'D uses the IDDD 1(** -C2 funtion" you do not need to set the para/eters for the a.le
trans/ission distane of e;ternal ti/e interfae!
&+2 C:S ACR
This hapter desri.es the CD& -C2 feature!
&+2+# Introduction
This setion defines CD& -C2 and desri.es the purpose of using this feature!
Copyright Huawei
1@3B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
De6nition
CD& -C2 uses the adapti0e lo9 reo0ery (-C2) tehnology to reo0er lo9
synhroni8ation infor/ation arried .y CD& pa9ets! CD& -C2 is a0aila.le in two types7
standard and enhaned!
In a standard CD& -C2 solution" the soure end (4aster) uses the loal lo9 infor/ation as
the ti/esta/p in a 2eal-ti/e Transport Protool (2TP) pa9et header and enapsulates the
loal lo9 infor/ation in a CD& pa9et! The sin9 end (&la0e) reo0ers the lo9 using the
ti/esta/p in the pa9et! This /ethod pre0ents signal i/pair/ent during the trans/ission!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent adopts the enhaned ti/esta/p lo9 solution! That is" lo9s an
.e reo0ered .ased on &' in CD& pa9ets rather than ti/esta/ps in 2TP pa9et headers! &ee
+igure 3-@B!
Figure 1.1 CD& -C2 lo9 solution
:SN
:51
:52 7'S
7SC
C5S
:ri"ar#
reference
c(oc-
51
51 C5S
>aster
SN
:rocessin) :rocessin)
SN
C5S 51
S(a/e
51
SN6 Se?unce Nu"$er
Purpose
In the pa9et do/ain" CD& -C2 is /ainly used to transparently trans/it D1 lo9s in the
P&'!
&+2+% )asic Concepts
This setion desri.es the .asi onepts assoiated with CD& -C2!
&+2+%+# C:S ACR Cloc, Domain
- produt supports a li/ited nu/.er of -C2 lo9s" and therefore the -C2 lo9 do/ain
/ehanis/ is introdued on the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent! &peifially" one -C2 lo9 do/ain
represents an -C2 lo9 supported .y the .oard" and eah D1 port or CD& ser0ie with CD&
-C2 ena.led /ust .elong to an -C2 lo9 do/ain!
+igure 3-@3 shows the appliation of a CD& -C2 lo9 do/ain! -ssu/ing that &la0e reei0es
eight o-soured CD& ser0ies fro/ 4aster" the D1 ports orresponding to the eight CD&
ser0ies all .elong to -C21! -C21 selets one ser0ie fro/ the eight CD& ser0ies (for
e;a/ple" CD& ser0ie 1 orresponding to port 1) .ased on the -C2 protetion algorith/" and
Copyright Huawei
1@33
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
reo0ers the -C2 lo9 fro/ the seleted ser0ie! Then" the -C2 lo9 is used for all the D1
ports that .elong to -C21!
Figure 1.1 CD& -C2 lo9 do/ain
51
S(a/e
C5S
1
8
C5S pac-et
processin)
51 C5S
1
8
.CR1
C(oc-
reco/er#
&+2+%+% C:S ACR Cloc, Protection
$n &la0e of CD& -C2" a CD& -C2 lo9 do/ain an protet CD& -C2 lo9s .ased on the
orresponding protetion /ehanis/!
=y default" a CD& -C2 lo9 do/ain reo0ers an -C2 lo9 fro/ the seleted CD& ser0ie"
and uses the reo0ered -C2 lo9 as the pri/ary lo9! Then" the -C2 lo9 is used for all
the D1 ports that .elong to the -C2 lo9 do/ain! The D1 ports of the seleted CD& ser0ie
/ust .elong to the -C2 lo9 do/ain! The ser0ies fro/ the other D1 ports in the -C2 lo9
do/ain are stand.y ser0ies for reo0ering -C2 lo9s! Chen the CD& ser0ie where the
pri/ary lo9 is fro/ .eo/es a.nor/al" the CD& -C2 lo9 do/ain reo0ers the -C2
lo9 fro/ a stand.y ser0ie!
-s shown in +igure 3-@*" the CD& -C2 lo9 do/ain has eight D1 ports orresponding to
CD&01 to CD&0* ser0ies! CD&01 is the CD& ser0ie where the pri/ary lo9 is fro/! Chen
CD&01 is nor/al" the -C2 lo9 do/ain e;trats the lo9 fro/ CD&01" and applies the
lo9 to the eight D1 ports! If CD&01 is a.nor/al" the following protetion /ehanis/ is
pro0ided!
Protetion /ehanis/ used when a fault ours in an -C lin9 on the 4aster side
Chen deteting that a fault (fault point 1) has ourred in the -C lin9 trans/itting the
ser0ie CD&01" 4aster transparently trans/its CD& ser0ie alar/s to &la0e" and shuts
down CD&01! -fter reei0ing the alar/s" &la0e selets CD&02" whih is with the
s/allest PC I," as the ser0ie for reo0ering the -C2 lo9! CD&03 to CD&0* are
onsidered as the stand.y ser0ies for reo0ering the -C2 lo9!
If the /aster shuts down all the CD& ser0ies! Then" &la0e will detet a PC fault! -s a result" -C2
lo9 protetion swithing is triggered!
Protetion /ehanis/ used to resist a PC fault
Chen deteting that a fault (fault point 2) has ourred in the PC arrying CD&01" &la0e
selets a ser0ie that is with the s/allest PC I, as the ser0ie for reo0ering the -C2
lo9! The other CD& ser0ies are onsidered as the stand.y ser0ies for reo0ering the
-C2 lo9!
Copyright Huawei
1@3*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Priniples of CD& -C2 lo9 protetion
:SN
51
1
8
51
1 2
C5
@>asterA
:5
@S(a/eA
:5
51
S(a/e
C5S
1
2
C5S pac-et
processin)
51 C5S
1
8
.CR1
C(oc-
reco/er#
C5S01
C5S08
C5
51
51
1
8
.C :<
C5S
2
8
51
&+2+%+& C:S ACR Cloc, Transparent Transmission Solution
The CD& -C2 lo9 transparent trans/ission solution uses se6uene nu/.ers (&'s) in CD&
pa9ets to reo0er ser0ie lo9s! Cith this solution" lo9s are transparently trans/itted on a
P&'!
In the pa9et do/ain" CD& -C2" as a lo9 transparent trans/ission solution" is /ainly used
in the following senarios7
-ll the lo9s on the P&' are not synhronous!
-ll the lo9s on the P&' are synhronous" .ut the lo9s on the P&' are not
synhroni8ed with the lo9 of the ino/ing ser0ie!
+igure 3-@A is a typial appliation e;a/ple of the CD& -C2 lo9 transparent trans/ission
solution!
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Figure 1.1 Typial appliation e;a/ple of the CD& -C2 lo9 transparent trans/ission solution
:SN
:51
:52
51
7'S
7SC
C5S 51
@S(a/eA @>asterA
:ri"ar#
reference
c(oc-
51 C5S
SN
:rocessin) :rocessin)
SN
C5S 51
SN6 Se?unce Nu"$er
In this e;a/ple" the lo9 of the =&C needs to .e transparently trans/itted to the =T& along
with the CD& ser0ie" .ut the lo9 of PD1 is not synhronous with the lo9 of PD2! In this
ase" PD2 (4aster) e;trats the lo9 of the =&C fro/ the D1 port" and ontrols the
trans/ission inter0al of CD& pa9ets aording to the e;trated lo9! PD1 (&la0e) reo0ers
the lo9 of the =&C aording to the &' in the reei0ed CD& pa9ets" and trans/its the
reo0ered lo9 to the =T& through the D1 port! In this /anner" the lo9 of the =T& is
synhroni8ed with the lo9 of =&C!
If the lo9 of PD1 is synhronous with the lo9 of PD2 .ut the two lo9s are asynhronous with
the referene lo9 of the =&C" the CD& -C2 lo9 transparent trans/ission solution an also .e
used to trans/it the lo9 of the =&C!
If the lo9 of PD1 is synhronous with the lo9 of PD2 and the two lo9s are also synhronous
with the referene lo9 of the =&C" CD& reti/ing is used to trans/it the lo9 of the =&C!
&+2+%+0 C:S ACR Cloc, SynchroniEation Solution
The CD& -C2 lo9 synhroni8ation solution uses ti/esta/ps in CD& pa9ets to reo0er the
syste/ lo9! Cith this solution" lo9s of the 'Ds on .oth ends of a P&' are synhroni8ed!
In the pa9et do/ain" CD& -C2 is /ainly used in the following senario as a lo9
synhroni8ation solution7 The lo9s on a P&' are not synhronous" and 'Ds re6uiring lo9
synhroni8ation trans/it CD& ser0ies to eah other!
+igure 3-(0 is a typial appliation e;a/ple of the CD& -C2 lo9 synhroni8ation solution!
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Figure 1.1 Typial appliation e;a/ple of the CD& -C2 lo9 synhroni8ation solution
:SN
:51
:52
7'S
7SC
C5S
51
@S(a/eA @>asterA
:ri"ar#
reference
c(oc-
'D> trans"ission e?uip"ent
N53 N5B
'D>
net%or-
51 51
:rocessin)
'i"e
sta"p
C5S 51 C5S
'i"e
sta"p
:rocessin)
51
S#ste"
c(oc-
S#ste"
c(oc-
In this e;a/ple" the lo9 of PD2 is synhronous with the lo9 of the =&C" and PD2 needs to
pro0ide a synhroni8ation lo9 for PD1" as well as 'D3 and 'D@ on the downstrea/ T,4
networ9! In this ase" PD2 (4aster) adds a ti/esta/p to the CD& ser0ie aording to its
syste/ lo9! PD1 (&la0e) reo0ers the -C2 lo9 aording to the ti/esta/p in the CD&
ser0ie" and uses the -C2 lo9 as its syste/ lo9! 'D3 and 'D@ on the downstrea/ T,4
networ9 trae the lo9 of PD1! In this /anner" lo9s of the 'Ds are synhroni8ed!
&+2+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the apaity of the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent for supporting CD& -C2!
Item Speci6cations
CD& -C2 lo9 solution Dnhaned CD& -C2 (CD& -C2 lo9 .ased on the &' of a
CD& pa9et)
'u/.er of lo9 do/ains @
CD& -C2 lo9
transparent trans/ission
&upported
CD& -C2 wait-to-restore
ti/e perfor/ane
Q(0 pp/
&+2+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This setion desri.es the standards and protools assoiated with CD& -C2!
The following standards and protools are assoiated with CD& -C27
IT5-T <!*2B17 Ti/ing and &ynhroni8ation aspets in Pa9et 'etwor9s
IDT+ 2+C @1A37 2e6uire/ents for Ddge-to-Ddge D/ulation of Ti/e ,i0ision
4ultiple;ed (T,4) Ciruits o0er Pa9et &withing 'etwor9s
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IDT+ 2+C @((37 &truture--gnosti Ti/e ,i0ision 4ultiple;ing (T,4) o0er Pa9et
(&-ToP)
IDT+ 2+C (0*B7 &truture--ware Ti/e ,i0ision 4ultiple;ed (T,4) Ciruit D/ulation
&er0ie o0er Pa9et &withed 'etwor9 (CD&oP&')
&+2+2 Availability
The CD& -C2 funtion re6uires the support of applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
4,1 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
CE1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' (00
&+2+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for CD& -C2 in the networ9 design
phase!
Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
CD& -C2 CD& -C2 is used to transparently
trans/it CD& D1 lo9s!
-
CD& -C2 The 6uality of CD& -C2 lo9s
/eets re6uire/ents only if the
delay 0ariation of a P&' networ9 is
-
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Applicable
3b=ect
Dependency and
5imitation Details
Remar,s
within a speified range!
CD& -C2 CD& D1 ser0ies for whih CD&
-C2 is ena.led an .e .ased on
either D1 ser0ies or +rational D1
ser0ies! CD& ser0ies an .e
enapsulated in &-ToP or
CD&oP&' /ode!
-
4aster 'D &et the lo9 /ode to !ie Cloc*
Mode for D1 ports that
transparently trans/it lo9s on a
4aster 'D!
-
&la0e 'D

-dd ports that need to output
-C2 lo9s into a lo9
do/ain!
- lo9 do/ain /ust .ind the

lo9 of a CD& ser0ie
orresponding to an D1 port
within the lo9 do/ain as the
pri/ary lo9!
&et the lo9 /ode to %la&e

Mode for ports that output -C2
lo9s!
-
&+2+* Principles
In the enhaned ti/esta/p solution" CD& -C2 uses &' arried .y CD& pa9ets to reo0er
ti/e infor/ation!
Implementation on .aster
+igure 3-(1 shows the -C2 i/ple/entation proess on 4aster!
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Figure 1.1 I/ple/entation proess on 4aster
>aster
51
C5S
51 (ine c(oc-
'rans"ittin)
pac-ets
5ncapsua(tin)
pac-ets
4aster e;trats lo9 fre6ueny infor/ation fro/ an D1 signal" and trans/it a CD& pa9et
.ased on the lo9 fre6ueny infor/ation!
Implementation on Slave
+igure 3-(2 shows the -C2 i/ple/entation proess on &la0e!
Figure 1.1 I/ple/entation proess on &la0e
S(a/e
C5S 51
Recor!in)
arri/a(
ti"e
.CR c(oc-
co"putin)
"o!u(e
7uffer
.CR c(oc-
.CR
c(oc-
SN
51
,oca(
ti"esta"p
Generatin)
ti"esta"ps
Decapsua(tin)
pac-ets
Recei/in)
pac-ets
1! The lo9 /odule uses the -C2 lo9 to ount ti9 0alues at a ertain fre6ueny!
2! The lo9 /odule reords the ti9 0alue orresponding to the arri0al ti/e of eah CD&
pa9et" and outputs the ti9 0alues to the -C2 lo9 o/puting /odule!
3! &la0e deapsulates the CD& ser0ies and reo0ers the &'s of the CD& pa9ets! Then"
&la0e outputs the &'s to the -C2 lo9 o/puting /odule!
@! The -C2 lo9 o/puting /odule reo0ers the -C2 lo9 .ased on the ti9 0alues"
&'s" and pa9et loading ti/e!
The -C2 lo9 o/puting priniples are as follows!
N -ssu/e that the ti9 0alue inreases .y 1 e0ery 10 us and that the pa9et loading
ti/e is 1000 us!
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N -ssu/e that the ti9 0alue orresponding to the arri0al ti/e of pre0ious pa9et is t1"
and that the ti9 0alue orresponding to the arri0al ti/e of urrent pa9et is t2!
N If the &'s of two pa9ets are onseuti0e" the pa9et loading ti/e is 1000 us! Then"
the ti9 differene should .e 100 when the -C2 lo9 is synhroni8ed with the D1
lo9 that is e;trated on 4aster!
N If t2 - t1 Z 100" the -C2 lo9 fre6ueny is lower than that of the D1 lo9 e;trated
on 4aster! In this ase" the -C2 lo9 o/puting /odule will inrease the -C2
lo9 fre6ueny! If t2 - t1 > 100" the -C2 lo9 fre6ueny is higher than that of the
D1 lo9 e;trated on 4aster! In this ase" the -C2 lo9 o/puting /odule will
derease the -C2 lo9 fre6ueny! =y inreasing or dereasing the -C2 lo9
fre6ueny" the differene of t2 /inus t1 is always 100!
(! -fter the CD& pa9et on &la0e is reo0ered to an D1 .it strea/" it is written into the +irst
In" +irst $ut (+I+$) 6ueue! Then" the D1 signal is read fro/ the +I+$ 6ueue .ased on the
-C2 lo9! -s a result" the output D1 signal ontains the -C2 lo9 infor/ation (that is"
the -C2 lo9 is synhroni8ed with the D1 lo9 of 4aster)! In this /anner" the D1
lo9 is transparently trans/itted!
&+2+1 Con6urin the C:S ACR Cloc,
The CD& -C2 lo9 adopts the adapti0e lo9 reo0ery (-C2) tehnology to restore the
lo9 synhroni8ation infor/ation trans/itted in CD& ser0ies!
&+2+1+# Con6urin the Primary Cloc, 8or an ACR Cloc,
Domain
The lo9 e;trated fro/ a CD& ser0ie an .e used as the pri/ary lo9 in an -C2 lo9
do/ain!
PrereBuisites
CD& ser0ies are onfigured" and 2T) >ead is set to Eabled!
Precautions
-n -C2 lo9 do/ain an .e .ound with only the CD& ser0ie orresponding to the D1
port on the .oard!
-n -C2 lo9 do/ain is applia.le to only the for/er 1B D1 ports or later 1B D1 ports!
The nu/.er of -C2 lo9 do/ains that an .e .ound with CD& ser0ies annot .e greater
than four!
52000
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Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the desired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree and hoose Cofiguratio > Cloc* > AC2 Cloc*
Step # In CE% %er&ice" selet a CD& ser0ie for pri/ary lo9 e;tration!
Step % Cli9 A--l/! Then" lose the dialog .o; that is displayed!
....Ed
&+2+1+% Con6urin Ports Usin the Cloc, Domain
- CD& D1 port an trans/it the lo9 infor/ation in the syste/ lo9 do/ain or CD& -C2
lo9 do/ain!
PrereBuisites
CD& ser0ies are onfigured" and 2T) >ead is set to Eabled!
Precautions
=y default" an D1 port trans/its the lo9 infor/ation in the syste/ lo9 do/ain!
Therefore" if the syste/ lo9 is used" the appliation port in the syste/ lo9 do/ain
does not need to .e onfigured!
-n -C2 lo9 do/ain is applia.le only to the D1 port on the .oard!
The D1 port orresponding to the pri/ary lo9 in an -C2 lo9 do/ain /ust .e added to
the -C2 lo9 do/ain!
-n -C2 lo9 do/ain is applia.le to only the for/er 1B D1 ports or later 1B D1 ports!
- port onfigured for a CD& -C2 lo9 do/ain ta9es effet only when the reti/ing /ode
of the D1 port is set to sla0e in the ad0aned attri.utes!
52000
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the desired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree and hoose Cofiguratio > Cloc* > Cloc*
,omai fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Cli9 New!
The Create Cloc* ,omai )ort dialog .o; is displayed!
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Step % In Cloc* ,omai Board" selet the .oard where the -C2 lo9 do/ain is a0aila.le!
Step & Cli9 the Cloc* ,omai ta.!
Step 0 &et the appliation port of the -C2 lo9 do/ain!
1! In Board" selet a .oard that applies the -C2 lo9 do/ain!
2! In A&ailable )ort" selet a port that trans/its CD& ser0ies!
3! Cli9 !
Step 2 Cli9 OK!
....Ed
&+2+/ .odi8yin C:S Service Parameters
This topi desri.es how to /odify para/eters related to CD& ser0ies" suh as CD& alar/
transparent trans/ission para/eters and CD& lo9 para/eters!
PrereBuisites
CD& ser0ies ha0e .een reated!
52000
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree and hoose Cofiguratio > CE% %er&ice Maagemet
Step # &elet the re6uired CD& ser0ie and li9 +uer/! Then" li9 the dialog .o; that is displayed!
In the /ain interfae" he9 .asi ser0ie infor/ation!
Step % Cli9 )" 9eeral Attributes to 6uery infor/ation a.out the PC that arries the ser0ie!
Step & 4odify Eo& para/eters!
1! Cli9 the +o% ta.!
2! &elet the re6uired ingress PC" dou.le-li9 the D%P para/eter" and hange the 0alue of
the D%P para/eter!
Step 0 4odify ad0aned para/eters!
1! Cli9 the Ad&aced Attributes ta.!
2! &elet the re6uired PC" dou.le-li9 a re6uired ad0ane attri.ute" and hange the
attri.ute 0alue!
Step 2 Change protetion group infor/ation!
1! Cli9 the )rotectio 9rou- ta.!
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2! Cli9 )" A)%!
3! Change 0alues of protetion group para/eters" suh as 2estoratio Mode!
....Ed
&+2+#" Con6uration :9ample
This setion uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan and onfigure CD& -C2 .ased on the
networ9 onditions!
&+2+#"+# Case Description
This topi desri.es the ser0ie re6uire/ent and ser0ie planning!
Service ReBuirement
-s shown in +igure 3-(3" CD& ser0ies need to transparently trans/it lo9s fro/ the =&C to
=T&1 and =T&2" .ut the lo9s of 'D1 and 'D2 are not synhronous! Therefore" 'D1 and
'D2 need to .e onfigured with CD& -C2!
-s a &la0e" 'D1 reo0ers lo9s .ased on the &' infor/ation in the CD& pa9ets that are
reei0ed .y port 1 on the 4,1 .oard in slot @" and trans/its the lo9s to port 2 on the 4,1
.oard in slot @! In this way" the lo9s of =T&1 and =T&2 are synhroni8ed with the lo9 of
the =&C!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9 diagra/ of CD& -C2
N51
@S(a/eA
N52
@>asterA
7'S1
7SC
51
51
B->D1-1@to 7'S1A
7'S2
B->D1-2@to 7'S2A
51
:SN
C5S
C5S ser/ice6 C5SJ7'S1
51
B->D1-1@to 7SCA
B->D1-2@to 7SCA
C5S ser/ice6 C5SJ7SC1
C5S ser/ice6 C5SJ7'S2 C5S ser/ice6 C5SJ7SC2
Service Plannin
Planning Infor/ation -.out the Pri/ary Clo9 for the -C2 Clo9 ,o/ain on &la0e
Ta.le 3-3* pro0ides the planning infor/ation a.out the pri/ary lo9 for -C2 lo9
do/ain 1 on 'D 1 (&la0e)!
Table 1.1 Planning infor/ation a.out the pri/ary lo9 for -C2 lo9 do/ain
Parameter Value
Clo9 ,o/ain CD& -C21 lo9 do/ain
&er0ie where the pri/ary lo9 resides CD&H=T&1
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Planning Infor/ation -.out the -C2 Clo9 ,o/ain on &la0e
Ta.le 3-3A pro0ides the planning infor/ation a.out the -C2 lo9 do/ain on 'D1
(&la0e)!
Table 1.2 Planning infor/ation a.out the -C2 lo9 do/ain
Parameter Value
Clo9 ,o/ain CD& -C21 lo9 do/ain
=oard in the Clo9 ,o/ain @-4,1
Port in the Clo9 ,o/ain @-4,1-1(CD&H=T&1)
@-4,1-2(CD&H=T&2)
Planning Infor/ation -.out the -d0aned -ttri.utes of D1 Ports on 4aster and &la0e
Ta.le 3-@0 pro0ides the planning infor/ation a.out the ad0aned attri.utes of D1 ports
on 'D1 (&la0e) and 'D2(4aster)!
Table 1.( Planning infor/ation a.out the ad0aned attri.utes of D1 ports
Parameter N:# N:%
Clo9 4ode &la0e 4ode #ine Clo9 4ode
&+2+#"+% Con6uration Process
Procedure
Configure a pri/ary lo9 in the CD& -C2 lo9 do/ain for 'D1 (&la0e)! Then" see 3!(!*!1 Configuring the
Pri/ary Clo9 for an -C2 Clo9 ,o/ain and onfigure -C2 lo9 soures!
The 0alues of the para/eters for the -C2 lo9 do/ain on 'D1 (&la0e) are pro0ided as
follows!
Parameter Value
-C2 Clo9 &oure @-4,1-1
CD& &er0ie CD&H=T&1
Step # $n 'D1 (&la0e)" onfigure the ports that use the CD& -C2 lo9 do/ain! Then" see 3!(!*!2
Configuring Ports 5sing the Clo9 ,o/ain" and onfigure ports in the lo9 do/ain!
The 0alues of the para/eters for the -C2 lo9 do/ain are pro0ided as follows!
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Parameter Value
Clo9 ,o/ain CD& -C21 Clo9 ,o/ain
Clo9 ,o/ain =oard @-4,1
Clo9 Port @-4,1-1(CD&H=T&1)
@-4,1-2(CD&H=T&2)
Step % &et ad0aned attri.utes of the ports inputting D1 lo9s on 'D2 (4aster) and 'D1 (&la0e)!
+or details" see &etting -d0aned -ttri.utes of &/art D1 Ports!
The 0alues of the para/eters for the ports inputting D1 lo9s on 'D2 (4aster) and 'D1
(&la0e) are pro0ided as follows!
Parameter N:# N:%
Clo9 4ode &la0e 4ode &yste/ Clo9 4ode
....Ed
&+2+## Related Alarms and :vents
This topi desri.es the alar/s and e0ents related to CD& -C2!
Related Alarms
Alarm Name .eanin
CD&H-C2H#$CGH-=' The CD& -C2 lo9 is lo9ed a.nor/ally!
CD&PCH$PP$&ITDH2-I -n alar/ indiation of the 'D at the
opposite end
CD&PCH$PP$&ITDH-C+-5#T - defet indiation in an attah/ent iruit
Related :vents
'o e0ent is related to CD& -C2!
&+2+#% Parameters 8or Con6urin C:S ACR Cloc,s
This setion desri.es the para/eters for onfiguring CD& -C2 lo9s!
&+2+#%+# ACR Cloc, Source
This topi desri.es para/eters that are related to the -C2 lo9 soure!
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Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring -C2 lo9 soures
-C2 Clo9 &oure +or e;a/ple" B-4,1--C21 Identifies the -C2 lo9 soure!
This para/eter is displayed in ?slot
I,-.oard na/e--C2 lo9 I,?
for/at!
CD& &er0ie &er0ie I, (ser0ie na/e) &peifies a hannel of the CD&
ser0ie as the soure for restoring
the lo9!
Tra9 4ode Tra9" Geep" +ree This field shows the urrent
wor9ing /ode of the lo9
funtion .oard on the 'D! This
field is read-only!
Trac*7 It is the nor/al wor9ing

/ode and indiates that the
lo9 is synhroni8ed with the
input referene lo9 soure
under the atual ser0ie
onditions!
Kee-7 Indiates that the lo9

wor9s with the stored fre6ueny
infor/ation as the ti/ing
referene after all the ti/ing
referenes are lost!
Free7 Indiates that the lo9

wor9s through the internal
osillator!
#o9 &tatus #o9" 5nlo9 ,isplay the lo9 status of the lo9!
&+2+#%+% Cloc, Domain
This topi desri.es the para/eters for a lo9 do/ain!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring lo9 do/ains
Clo9 ,o/ain &yste/ Clo9 ,o/ain" CD& -C21
Clo9 ,o/ain" CD& -C22 Clo9
,o/ain" CD& -C23 Clo9
,o/ain" CD& -C2@ Clo9
,o/ain
,efault 0alue7 &yste/ Clo9
,o/ain
&peifies the lo9 do/ain to .e
.ound!
Clo9 ,o/ain =oard &lot-.oard ,isplays the .oard where the lo9
do/ain is loated!
=oard &lot-.oard &peifies the .oard where the D1
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port is loated!
-0aila.le Port &lot-.oard-port ,isplays the D1 ports that are not
.ound to a lo9 do/ain!
&eleted Port &lot-.oard-port ,isplays the D1 ports that are
.ound to a lo9 do/ain!
Copyright Huawei
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+eature ,esription @ &eurity 4anage/ent +eatures
0 Security .anaement -eatures
About This Chapter
This hapter desri.es the seurity /anage/ent features supported .y the e6uip/ent!
@!1 2-,I5&
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports authentiation" authori8ation" and aounting (---)
/anage/ent that is i/ple/ented .ased on the 2e/ote -uthentiation ,ial in 5ser &er0ie
(2-,I5&) protool" to enhane lient-side e6uip/ent seurity and redue C-PD%!
0+# RADIUS
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports authentiation" authori8ation" and aounting (---)
/anage/ent that is i/ple/ented .ased on the 2e/ote -uthentiation ,ial in 5ser &er0ie
(2-,I5&) protool" to enhane lient-side e6uip/ent seurity and redue C-PD%!
0+#+# Introduction to RADIUS
-fter 0erifying the user na/e and password of a dial-in user" the 2-,I5& ser0er pro0ides the
right and orresponding ser0ies re6uested .y the user and o/putes the ser0ie harge!
De6nition
2-,I5& is an appliation-layer o//uniations protool used .etween $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent and the 2-,I5& ser0er! 2-,I5& speifies the pa9et for/at of user infor/ation
that is trans/itted .etween $pti% $&' e6uip/ent and the 2-,I5& ser0er" and the
trans/ission proess! 2-,I5& speifies the trans/ission proess of user infor/ation
.etween $pti% $&' e6uip/ent and the 2-,I5& ser0er and the pa9et for/at 2-,I5& is
one of the protools whih are o//only used for i/ple/enting ---!
2-,I5& has the following harateristis7
5ses 5ser ,atagra/ Protool (5,P) as the transport protool" therefore featuring
opti/al real-ti/e perfor/ane!
Possesses high relia.ility" owing to the retrans/ission /ehanis/ and stand.y ser0er
/ehanis/!
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Is easy to i/ple/ent and is applia.le to the /ulti-thread struture of the ser0er when
there are a large nu/.er of users!
Application
-s shown in +igure @-1" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent ena.les the 2-,I5& funtion and
therefore funtions as a 2-,I5& lient! The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent (the 2-,I5& lient)
o//uniates with the 2-,I5& ser0er using the lient-side ,C' networ9! To ena.le the
'4& to aess the user infor/ation of the 2-,I5& lient" ensure that the 2-,I5& ser0er in
the data enter supports re/ote authentiation and authori8ation!
Figure 1.1 2e/ote authentiation and authori8ation perfor/ed .y the 2-,I5& ser0er
Data
center
N>S ser/er
R.D20S ser/er
C(ient-si!e DCN
net%or-
OptiX OSN
e?uip"ent
@R.D20S c(ientA
1* Sen! te user na"e an! pass%or!*
3* Returns te autentication success response*
2* Sen! te autentication re?uests*
5?uip"ent-si!e DCN net%or-
@&<5CC/OS2 O/er DCC
/2: O/er DCCA
N5 1
N5 2
N5 3
GN5
2e/ote authentiation and authori8ation .etween the 2-,I5& lient and 2-,I5& ser0er is
perfor/ed as follows7
1! Chen a user logs in to a 2-,I5& lient .y using the '4&" the '4& sends the user
na/e and password to the 2-,I5& lient!
2! The 2-,I5& lient reei0es the user na/e and password and then sends an
authentiation re6uest to the 2-,I5& ser0er!
3! -fter reei0ing the authentiation re6uest" the 2-,I5& ser0er authentiates the user and
then sends the authentiation suess response to the 2-,I5& lient" that is" the
2-,I5& ser0er returns all onfiguration infor/ation neessary for the lient to deli0er
the ser0ie to the user!
Transations .etween the 2-,I5& lient and 2-,I5& ser0er are authentiated through the use of a
shared seret 9ey! In addition" any user passwords are sent enrypted .etween the 2-,I5& lient
and 2-,I5& ser0er" to eli/inate the possi.ility that so/eone snooping on an inseure networ9
ould deter/ine a userJs password!
The harging proess is si/ilar to the authentiation and authori8ation proess!
2-,I5& supports 0arious networ9ing /odes for lient-side ,C' networ9s!
- lient-side ,C' networ9 .etween the '4& and a gateway 'D /ust support the open
syste/s interonnetion ($&I) protool or IP protools!
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- lient-side ,C' networ9 .etween a 2-,I5& ser0er and a gateway 'D /ust support
IP protools!
D6uip/ent that supports 2-,I5& is apa.le of onstruting an e6uip/ent-side ,C' networ9 with
e6uip/ent that does not support 2-,I5&!
To enhane relia.ility of the 2-,I5& ser0er" you an onfigure two 2-,I5& ser0ers as 1L1
.a9up! =y default" the 2-,I5& lient forwards authentiation re6uests to the pri/ary
2-,I5& ser0er! If the pri/ary ser0er is down or unreaha.le" the 2-,I5& lient forwards
authentiation re6uests to the seondary 2-,I5& ser0er! If the seondary 2-,I5& ser0er is
also down or unreaha.le" the 2-,I5& lient re6uests for loal authentiation! If loal
authentiation fails" it indiates that 'D login fails! If re/ote or loal authentiation is
suessful" it indiates that 'D login is suessful!
Purpose
The 2-,I5& ser0er i/ple/ents entrali8ed /anage/ent and re/ote authentiation of user
infor/ation a.out user na/es" passwords" and aess right sent fro/ 2-,I5& lients! In this
way" 2-,I5& enhanes lient-side e6uip/ent seurity and redues the C-PD%!
0+#+% Re8erence Standards and Protocols
This topi desri.es the standard with whih 2-,I5& seurity /anage/ent o/plies!
2-,I5& seurity /anage/ent o/plies with IDT+ 2+C 2*B(!
0+#+& Availability
2-,I5& seurity /anage/ent is a0aila.le only if the e6uip/ent 0ersion /aps the '4&
0ersion!
Supportin Versions
Table 1.1 1ersions that support 2-,I5& seurity /anage/ent
:Buipment Version .appin N.S Version
$pti% $&' (00)((0 1100200(C02 and later
0ersions
52000 1100200BC00 and later
0ersions
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later 0ersions 52000 12002001C00 and later
0ersions
0+#+0 Principles
In the 2-,I5& seurity /anage/ent /ehanis/" the user --- infor/ation is
o//uniated .etween the 2-,I5& lient and 2-,I5& ser0er" in o/pliane with a strit
session /ehanis/!
0+#+0+# NAS .ode and Pro9y NAS .ode
- networ9 o/prised of $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports two 0erifiation and authentiation
/odes" na/ely" networ9 aess ser0er ('-&) /ode and pro;y '-& /ode!
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NAS .ode
In 2-,I5& appliation senarios" an $pti% $&' 'D is an '-&" whih funtions as a lient of
2-,I5&!
The '-& e;trats and enapsulates the authentiation infor/ation of a user into standard
2-,I5& pa9ets" and then forwards the standard 2-,I5& pa9ets to the 2-,I5& ser0er for
proessing! The 2-,I5& ser0er authentiates the user aording to the reei0ed user na/e
and password and authori8es the aess right to the user! In addition" authentiation
infor/ation is sent enrypted .etween the '-& and 2-,I5& ser0er" to eli/inate the
possi.ility that so/eone snooping on an unseure networ9 ould deter/ine a userJs password!
The '-& /ode is applia.le to the following senarios7
2-,I5& authentiates the gateway 'D!
2-,I5& authentiates a non-gateway 'D when the e6uip/ent-side networ9 is an IP
o0er ,CC networ9 and when the non-gateway 'D is in the sa/e networ9 seg/ent as the
gateway 'D and 2-,I5& ser0er!
Pro9y NAS .ode
The pro;y '-& funtions as a pro;y to o/plete authentiation and authori8ation .etween
'-&s and the 2-,I5& ser0er!
-n '-& e;trats and enapsulates the user authentiation infor/ation into unenrypted
2-,I5& pa9ets and sends the unenrypted 2-,I5& pa9ets to the pro;y '-&! The pro;y
'-& enrypts the passwords ontained in the 2-,I5& pa9ets" adds the 'D I, of the '-&
to the 2-,I5& pa9ets" and then sends the 2-,I5& pa9ets to the 2-,I5& ser0er! The
2-,I5& ser0er authentiates the user aording to the reei0ed user na/e and password and
authori8es the aess right to the user! In addition" authentiation infor/ation is sent
enrypted .etween the pro;y '-& and 2-,I5& ser0er" to eli/inate the possi.ility that
so/eone snooping on an unseure networ9 ould deter/ine a userJs password!
The pro;y '-& /ode is applia.le to the following senarios7
2-,I5& authentiates a non-gateway 'D when the e6uip/ent-side networ9 is an
HCDCC networ9 or an $&I o0er ,CC networ9!
2-,I5& authentiates a non-gateway 'D when the e6uip/ent-side networ9 is an IP
o0er ,CC networ9 and when the non-gateway 'D is in a different networ9 seg/ent
fro/ the gateway 'D and 2-,I5& ser0er!
.appin Relationship )et7een :Buipment Net7or,in .odes
and Authentication .odes
$n an HCDCC networ9 or an $&I o0er ,CC networ9" non-gateway 'Ds adopt the pro;y
'-& /ode and the gateway 'D adopts the '-& /ode!
$n an IP o0er ,CC networ9" all 'Ds adopt the '-& /ode at the sa/e ti/e or so/e 'Ds
adopt the pro;y '-& /ode whereas other 'Ds adopt the '-& /ode!
0+#+0+% Authenticatin a Gate7ay N:
It is si/ple to authentiate a gateway 'D when o//uniation .etween the networ9" '4&"
and 2-,I5& ser0er is proper and the 2-,I5&-related onfiguration is orret!
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2e/ote authentiation and authori8ation for a gateway 'D needs to .e perfor/ed in '-&
/ode" as shown in +igure @-2!
Figure 1.1 2e/ote authentiation and authori8ation for a gateway 'D perfor/ed .y the 2-,I5&
ser0er
Data
center
N>S ser/er
R.D20S ser/er
5?uip"ent-si!e
DCN net%or-
N51
N52
N53
GN5
C(ient-si!e DCN
net%or-
,o) in to te )ate%a# N5*
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent funtions as the gateway 'D and a 2-,I5& lient" forwarding
user authentiation infor/ation to the 2-,I5& ser0er! +igure @-3 shows the authentiation
responding proess for a gateway 'D!
Figure 1.2 2e/ote authentiation and authori8ation for a gateway 'D
N>S ser/er Gate%a# N5 R.D20S ser/er
1* Sen! te (o)in re?uest*
2* Sen! stan!ar! R.D20S
pac-ets*
3* Returns te autentication
response to te )ate%a# N5*
B* Notifies te N>S ser/er
of (o)in success*
The authentiation proess for a gateway 'D is desri.ed as follows7
1! - user sends login re6uests to the gateway 'D through the '4&!
2! -fter reei0ing the login re6uests" the gateway 'D enapsulates the login re6uests into
standard 2-,I5& pa9ets and sends the standard 2-,I5& pa9ets to the 2-,I5&
ser0er!
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3! The 2-,I5& ser0er authentiates the user and returns the authentiation suess
response to the user!
@! -fter reei0ing the authentiation suess response" the gateway 'D notifies the '4& of
login suess!
0+#+0+& Authenticatin a Non'Gate7ay N:
-uthentiation of a non-gateway 'D needs to .e perfor/ed in different /odes in different
networ9 topologies! In ertain ases" authentiation of a gateway 'D an .e suessful only if
a pro;y '-& is used!
Authenticatin a Non'Gate7ay N: ;hen the :Buipment'Side
Net7or, Is an !;:CC Net7or, or an 3SI over DCC Net7or,
Chen the e6uip/ent-side networ9 is an HCDCC networ9 or an $&I o0er ,CC networ9"
re/ote authentiation and authori8ation for a non-gateway 'D needs to .e perfor/ed in pro;y
'-& /ode! -s shown in +igure @-@" the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent is a non-gateway 'D and
therefore" the pro;y '-& funtion needs to .e ena.led on the gateway 'D!
Figure 1.1 2e/ote authentiation and authori8ation for a non-gateway 'D perfor/ed .y the
2-,I5& ser0er
Data
center
N>S ser/er
R.D20S ser/er
C(ient-si!e DCN net%or-
@&<5CC net%or- or OS2 o/er
DCC net%or-A
N51
N52
N53
GN5
C(ient-si!e DCN
net%or-
,o) in to a non-)ate%a# N5
:ro3# N.S
-fter the pro;y '-& funtion is ena.led on the gateway 'D" the gateway 'D funtions as a
pro;y for the 2-,I5& ser0er" forwarding the user authentiation and authori8ation
infor/ation fro/ non-gateway 'Ds to the 2-,I5& ser0er! +igure @-( shows the re/ote
authentiation and authori8ation responding proess for a non-gateway 'D perfor/ed .y the
2-,I5& ser0er!
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Figure 1.2 2e/ote authentiation and authori8ation for a non-gateway 'D
N>S ser/er
Non-)ate%a# N5
1* Sen! te (o)in re?uest*
D* Notifies te N>S
ser/er of (o)in success*
:ro3# N.S
R.D20S ser/er
2* Sen! te user !ata
pac-ets* 3* Sen! stan!ar!
R.D20S pac-ets*
B* Return te
autentication success
response*
5* For%ar! te
autentication success
response*
D* Notifies te R.D20S
ser/ice of (o)in success*
The authentiation proess for a non-gateway 'D is desri.ed as follows7
1! - user sends login re6uests to the non-gateway 'D through the '4&!
2! -fter reei0ing the login re6uests" the non-gateway 'D enapsulates and sends the user
data pa9ets to the pro;y '-&!
3! -fter reei0ing the authentiation re6uests fro/ the non-gateway 'D" the pro;y '-&
enapsulates the authentiation re6uests into standard 2-,I5& pa9ets and sends the
standard 2-,I5& pa9ets to the 2-,I5& ser0er!
@! The 2-,I5& ser0er authentiates the user on the non-gateway 'D and returns the
authentiation suess response to the pro;y '-&!
(! The pro;y '-& forwards the authentiation suess response to the non-gateway 'D!
B! -fter reei0ing the authentiation suess response" the non-gateway 'D notifies the
'4& and the 2-,I5& ser0er of suessful user login!
Authenticatin a Non'Gate7ay N: ;hen the :Buipment'Side
Net7or, Is an IP over DCC Net7or,
Chen the e6uip/ent-side networ9 is an IP o0er ,CC networ9" re/ote authentiation and
authori8ation for a non-gateway 'D an .e perfor/ed in pro;y '-& /ode or '-& /ode!
2e/ote authentiation and authori8ation for a non-gateway 'D an .e perfor/ed in
'-& /ode when the non-gateway 'D" gateway 'D" and 2-,I5& ser0er are in the sa/e
networ9 seg/ent! The authentiation proess is the sa/e as the authentiation proess
desri.ed in @!1!@!2 -uthentiating a <ateway 'D!
2e/ote authentiation and authori8ation for a non-gateway 'D an .e perfor/ed in
pro;y '-& /ode when the non-gateway 'D is in a different networ9 seg/ent fro/ the
gateway 'D and 2-,I5& ser0er! The authentiation proess is the sa/e as the
authentiation proess desri.ed in -uthentiating a 'on-<ateway 'D Chen the
D6uip/ent-&ide 'etwor9 Is an HCDCC 'etwor9 or an $&I o0er ,CC 'etwor9!
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0+#+0+0 !ybrid Net7or,in o8 Ne7 and 3ld Net7or,s
-fter e6uip/ent that supports the 2-,I5& funtion is deployed on an e;isting networ9
o/prised of e6uip/ent that does not support the 2-,I5& funtion" an appropriate
e6uip/ent solution /ust .e pro0ided to i/ple/ent the 2-,I5& funtion of the new
e6uip/ent!
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent pro0ides different solutions to i/ple/ent the 2-,I5& funtion in the
ase of different ,C' networ9ing /odes on the e6uip/ent side!
In this dou/ent" a new networ9 is a networ9 o/prised of only e6uip/ent that supports the
2-,I5& funtion!
In this dou/ent" an old networ9 is a networ9 o/prised of only e6uip/ent that does not support the
2-,I5& funtion!
!ybrid Net7or,in o8 Ne7 and 3ld !;:CCA3SI over DCC
Net7or,s
-s shown in +igure @-B" an old HCDCC)$&I o0er ,CC networ9 is onneted to a new
HCDCC)$&I o0er ,CC networ9 and the gateway 'D does not support the 2-,I5&
funtion!
Figure 1.1 Hy.rid networ9ing of new and old HCDCC)$&I o0er ,CC networ9s
Data
center
N>S ser/er
R.D20S ser/er
N51
N52
N53
GN5
C(ient-si!e DCN
net%or-
N55
N5D
N57
5?uip"ent-si!e o(! DCN net%or-
@&<5CC or OS2 o/er DCC net%or-A
5?uip"ent-si!e ne% DCN net%or-
@&<5CC or OS2 o/er DCC net%or-A
N5B
To ensure that the e6uip/ent on the new networ9 uses the 2-,I5& funtion nor/ally" you
need to ta9e the following /easures7
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5pgrade the software 0ersion of the gateway 'D so that the gateway 'D supports the
2-,I5& funtion!
Then" ena.le the pro;y '-& funtion of the gateway 'D so that the gateway 'D
funtions as the pro;y of the 2-,I5& ser0er! In this ase" the 2-,I5& ser0er perfor/s
re/ote authentiation and authori8ation for the e6uip/ent on the new networ9 in pro;y
'-& /ode!
If the software 0ersion of the gateway 'D is not upgraded" the 2-,I5& funtion of the
e6uip/ent on the new networ9 is una0aila.le and loal authentiation is perfor/ed for all
e6uip/ent on the entire networ9!
Change an 'D on the new networ9 to the gateway 'D!
D6uip/ent on the new networ9 supports the 2-,I5& funtion! The 2-,I5& ser0er
perfor/s re/ote authentiation and authori8ation for the gateway 'D in '-& /ode and
for non-gateway 'Ds on the new networ9 in pro;y '-& /ode!
!ybrid Net7or,in o8 Ne7 and 3ld IP over DCC Net7or,s
-s shown in +igure @-3" an old IP o0er ,CC networ9 is onneted to a new IP o0er ,CC
networ9 and the gateway 'D does not support the 2-,I5& funtion!
Figure 1.1 Hy.rid networ9ing of new and old IP o0er ,CC networ9s
Data
center
N>S ser/er
R.D20S ser/er
N51
N52
N53
GN5
C(ient-si!e DCN
net%or-
N55
N5D
N57
5?uip"ent-si!e o(! DCN net%or-
@2: o/er DCC net%or-A
5?uip"ent-si!e ne% DCN net%or-
N5B
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D6uip/ent on the new and old networ9s is /anaged .y /eans of the gateway 'DI that is" the
'4& /anages all non-gateway 'Ds through the gateway 'D! In this ase" the 2-,I5&
funtion of the e6uip/ent on the new networ9 is a0aila.le e0en if the software 0ersion of the
gateway 'D on the old networ9 is not upgraded!
D6uip/ent on the old networ9 is /anaged .y /eans of the gateway 'D! D6uip/ent on the
new networ9 is /anaged .y /eans of diret aessI that is the '4& /anages non-gateway
'Ds diretly .y using their IP addresses! In this ase" the 2-,I5& funtion of the e6uip/ent
on the new networ9 is a0aila.le only if the software 0ersion of the gateway 'D on the old
networ9 is upgraded!
0+#+2 Con6urin RADIUS
Configuring 2-,I5& in0ol0es7 onfiguring the 2-,I5& ser0er" ena.ling the 2-,I5& lient
funtion" and ena.ling the pro;y '-& funtion!
0+#+2+# :nablin the RADIUS -unction on an N:
The 2-,I5& seurity /anage/ent funtion is a0aila.le on an 'D only after you ena.le the
2-,I5& funtion on the 'D!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D and then hoose %ecurit/ > NE 2adius Fuctio Cofiguratio fro/ the
+untion Tree!
Step # In the right pane" li9 +uer/!
Step % &elet O-e fro/ the 2A,1#% Cliet drop-down list to ena.le the 2-,I5& lient funtion
on the 'D!
Step & O-tioal= &elet O-e fro/ the )rox/ %er&er drop-down list to ena.le the pro;y '-&
funtion on the 'D!
Oou need to ena.le the pro;y '-& funtion on an 'D only when the 'D is a gateway 'D and non-
gateway 'Ds adopt the pro;y '-& /ode to i/ple/ent authentiation and authori8ation!
=efore ena.ling the pro;y '-& funtion on an 'D" ena.le the 2-,I5& lient funtion on the 'D!
Step 0 Cli9 A--l/! - dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful!
Step 2 Cli9 Close!
....Ed
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0+#+2+% Con6urin the RADIUS -unction on an N:
The 2-,I5& seurity /anage/ent funtion is a0aila.le on an 'D only after you onfigure
the 2-,I5& funtion on the 'D! $therwise" users annot log in to the 'D through re/ote
authentiation!
PrereBuisites
The 2-,I5& funtion /ust .e ena.led on the 'D!
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D and then hoose %ecurit/ > NE 2adius Cofiguratio fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Configure the 2-,I5& ser0er on the 'D!
1! In the right pane" li9 2A,1#% %er&er Cofiguratio!
2! In the 2A,1#% %er&er 1formatio dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 New!
3! In the New 2A,1#% %er&er 1formatio dialog .o; that is displayed" onfigure the
2-,I5& ser0er on the 'D!
If the 'D adopts the pro;y '-& /ode to i/ple/ent authentiation and authori8ation"
onfigure the 2-,I5& ser0er as follows7
Fuctio ta9es the default setting" Aut$eticatio! If the usage of the 'D needs to .e ounted"
selet Accoutig or Aut$eticatioEAccoutig!
&et %er&er T/-e to 2A,1#% %er&er!
&et %er&er 1, to 1) Address and enter the IP address of the 2-,I5& ser0er!
If the 'D adopts the pro;y '-& /ode to i/ple/ent authentiation and authori8ation"
onfigure the 2-,I5& ser0er as follows7
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Fuctio ta9es the default setting" Aut$eticatio! If the usage of the 'D needs to .e ounted"
selet Accoutig or Aut$eticatioEAccoutig!
&et %er&er T/-e to )rox/ %er&er! -t this ti/e" the pro;y '-& funtion of the 'D should .e
disa.led!
&et %er&er 1, to 1) Address or NE 1," and enter the IP address or 'D I, of the pro;y ser0er
aordingly!
@! Cli9 OK! - dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful!
(! Cli9 Close!
Step % Configure the 2-,I5& funtion on the 'D!
1! In the right pane" li9 New!
2! In the New NE 2A,1#% Cofiguratio dialog .o; that is displayed" onfigure the
2-,I5& funtion on the 'D!
Cli9 ! In the %elect %er&er dialog .o; that is displayed" selet the onfigured ser0er! Then"
Fuctio" %er&er 1," and %er&er T/-e of the onfigured ser0er are displayed auto/atially!
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%er&er %tatus indiates the ati0e)stand.y state of the 2-,I5& ser0er! Two ser0ers are supported!
Oou an onfigure one ati0e ser0er and one stand.y ser0er!
%$ared Ke/ is used for o//uniation .etween the 'D and the 2-,I5& ser0er and an .e set to a
harater string onsisting of one to si;teen .ytes! This shared 9ey /ust .e the sa/e as the shared
9ey set on the 2-,I5& ser0er! If %er&er T/-e is set to )rox/ %er&er" %$ared Ke/ is null!
)ac*et 1ter&al speifies the inter0al .etween two ad:aent pa9et trans/issions and is (s .y
default!
)ac*et Times speifies the nu/.er of pa9et retrans/ission atte/pts and is 3 .y default!
3! Cli9 OK! - dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is suessful!
@! Cli9 Close!
The onfiguration result is shown in the following figure7
To hange the 0alue of %$ared Ke/" )ac*et 1ter&al" or )ac*et Times" dou.le-li9 the 0alue ell of
the orresponding para/eter!
....Ed
0+#+4 Con6uration :9ample $!;:CC Net7or, or 3SI
3ver DCC Net7or,(
In the ase of an HCDCC networ9 or $&I o0er ,CC networ9" you need to adopt the pro;y
'-& /ode .eause the gateway 'D and the 2-,I5& ser0er on the networ9 use the IP
protool to o//uniate with eah other!
0+#+4+# Description o8 the :9ample
In the ase of an HCDCC networ9 or $&I o0er ,CC networ9" the pro;y '-& funtion needs
to .e ena.led on the gateway 'D if the '4& needs to aess a non-gateway 'D! Thus" the
gateway 'D ser0es as a pro;y ser0er of the non-gateway 'D to perfor/ authentiation with
the 2-,I5& ser0er!
Net7or,in Diaram
In the networ9 shown in +igure @-*" the ser0ie re6uire/ents are as follows7
The ,C' on the e6uip/ent side uses the HCDCC protool or $&I o0er ,CC protool!
The 2-,I5& ser0er perfor/s re/ote authentiation" authori8ation" and aounting for
the users that log in to the 'Ds!
5sers aess 'D2 (non-gateway 'D) through 'D1 (gateway 'D) .y using the '4&!
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Figure 1.1 HCDCC networ9 or $&I o0er ,CC networ9
Data
center
N>S ser/er
R.D20S ser/er
5?uip"ent-si!e DCN
@&<5CC net%or- or OS2 o/er
DCC net%or-A
N52
N53
N5B
N51
C(ient-si!e DCN
,o) in to a non-)ate%a# N5*
:ro3# N.S
2:6 10*10*10*1
2:6 10*10*10*2
+igure @-A pro0ides the flow for 2-,I5& onfiguration in the ase of an HCDCC networ9 or
$&I o0er ,CC networ9!
Figure 1.1 +low for 2-,I5& onfiguration in the ase of an HCDCC networ9 or $&I o0er ,CC
networ9
Start
5na$(e te R.D20S function on te
)ate%a# N5 an! non-)ate%a# N5s*
5na$(e te pro3# N.S
function on te )ate%a# N5*
Confi)ure te R.D20S
ser/er on te )ate%a# N5*
Confi)ure pro3#
N.S infor"ation on
non-)ate%a# N5s*
5n!
0+#+4+% Con6uration Process
This topi uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the 2-,I5& funtion in the ase of
an HCDCC networ9 or $&I o0er ,CC networ9!
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PrereBuisites
The physial networ9 desri.ed in @!1!B!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple /ust .e deployed!
The '4& ser0er and 2-,I5& ser0er in the data enter /ust o//uniate nor/ally
with the 'Ds on the e6uip/ent-side ,C'!
The 'Ds on the e6uip/ent-side ,C' /ust o//uniate nor/ally with eah other!
Procedure
Dna.le the 2-,I5& funtion and pro;y '-& funtion for the gateway 'D ('D1)!
1! #og in to 'D1 .y using the user na/e and password that are set for the loal
authentiation strategy!
Chen an 'D is reated" the default user na/e is root and the default password is -assword! If the
password is inorret" hange to the orret password!
2! Dna.le the 2-,I5& funtion and pro;y '-& funtion on 'D1! +or details" see @!1!(!1
Dna.ling the 2-,I5& +untion on an 'D!
2-,I5& Client $pen
Pro;y &er0er $pen
Step # Configure the 2-,I5& ser0er and 2-,I5& funtion on 'D1! +or details" see @!1!(!2
Configuring the 2-,I5& +untion on an 'D!
Cateory Parameter Value in This
:9ample
2-,I5& &er0er
Infor/ation
+untion -uthentiation
&er0er Type 2-,I5& &er0er
&er0er I, IP -ddress7 10!10!10!1
'D 2-,I5& Configuration +untion -uthentiation
&er0er I, 10!10!10!1
&hared Gey 123
Pa9et Inter0al (
Pa9et Ti/es 3
Step % Dna.le the 2-,I5& funtion on 'D2 (non-gateway 'D)!
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2! Dna.le the 2-,I5& funtion on 'D2! +or details" see @!1!(!1 Dna.ling the 2-,I5&
+untion on an 'D!
2-,I5& Client $pen
Pro;y &er0er Close
Step & Configure the 2-,I5& ser0er and 2-,I5& funtion on 'D2! +or details" see @!1!(!2
:9ample
2-,I5& &er0er
Infor/ation
&er0er Type Pro;y &er0er
&er0er I, 'D I,7 'D1
&er0er I, 'D1
&er0er Type Pro;y &er0er
&hared Gey -
Pa9et Inter0al (
Pa9et Ti/es 3
....Ed
Result
- user that uses the user na/e and password /anaged .y the 2-,I5& ser0er an
suessfully log in to the 'Ds .y using the '4& in the data enter and ha0e the sa/e
authority as the authority reorded in the 2-,I5& ser0er!
0+#+* Con6uration :9ample $IP 3ver DCC Net7or,(
In the ase of an IP o0er ,CC networ9" 2-,I5& onfiguration is si/ple! If the gateway 'D
and the 2-,I5& ser0er are not in the sa/e networ9 seg/ent" howe0er" you need to adopt the
pro;y '-& /ode!
0+#+*+# Description o8 the :9ample
In the ase of an IP o0er ,CC networ9" if a non-gateway 'D and the gateway 'D)2-,I5&
ser0er are in the sa/e networ9 seg/ent" the non-gateway 'D perfor/s authentiation diretly
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with the 2-,I5& ser0er when the '4& /anages the non-gateway 'DI if the non-gateway
'D and the gateway 'D)2-,I5& ser0er are not in the sa/e networ9 seg/ent" the pro;y
'-& funtion needs to .e ena.led on the gateway 'D if the '4& needs to aess the non-
gateway 'D" so that the gateway 'D ser0es as a pro;y ser0er of the non-gateway 'D to
perfor/ authentiation with the 2-,I5& ser0er!
Net7or,in Diaram
In the networ9 shown in +igure @-10" the ser0ie re6uire/ents are as follows7
The ,C' on the e6uip/ent side uses the IP o0er ,CC protool! 'D2 (non-gateway 'D)
and 'D1 (gateway 'D))2-,I5& ser0er are in the sa/e networ9 seg/ent!
The 2-,I5& ser0er perfor/s re/ote authentiation" authori8ation" and aounting for
the users that log in to the 'Ds!
5sers aess 'D2 (non-gateway 'D) through 'D1 (gateway 'D) .y using the '4&!
+or infor/ation a.out the 2-,I5& onfiguration e;a/ple and onfiguration proess pro0ided for the IP
o0er ,CC networ9 wherein a non-gateway 'D and the gateway 'D)2-,I5& ser0er are not in the sa/e
networ9 seg/ent" see @!1!B Configuration D;a/ple (HCDCC 'etwor9 or $&I $0er ,CC 'etwor9)!
The following desription is pro0ided .ased on the IP o0er ,CC networ9 wherein a non-gateway 'D
and the gateway 'D)2-,I5& ser0er are in the sa/e networ9 seg/ent!
Figure 1.1 IP o0er ,CC networ9
Data
center
N>S ser/er
R.D20S ser/er
5?uip"ent-si!e DCN
N52
N53
N5B
N51
C(ient-si!e DCN
,o) in to a non-)ate%a# N5*
2:6 10*10*10*1
2:6 10*10*10*2
2:6 10*10*10*3
+igure @-11 pro0ides the flow for 2-,I5& onfiguration in the ase of an IP o0er ,CC
networ9!
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Figure 1.1 +low for 2-,I5& onfiguration in the ase of an IP o0er ,CC networ9
Start
5na$(e te R.D20S function on non-)ate%a# N5s*
Confi)ure te R.D20S ser/er on non-)ate%a# N5s*
Confi)ure a static route to te R.D20S ser/er on
a non-)ate%a# N5 an! set te ne3t-op a!!ress
to te 2: a!!ress of te )ate%a# N5*
5n!
Confi)ure a static route to te non-)ate%a# N5 on
te R.D20S ser/er an! set te ne3t-op a!!ress
to te 2: a!!ress of te )ate%a# N5*
0+#+*+% Con6uration Process
This topi uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the 2-,I5& funtion in the ase of
an IP o0er ,CC networ9!
PrereBuisites
The physial networ9 desri.ed in @!1!3!1 ,esription of the D;a/ple /ust .e deployed!
The '4& ser0er and 2-,I5& ser0er in the data enter /ust o//uniate nor/ally
with the 'Ds on the e6uip/ent-side ,C'!
The 'Ds on the e6uip/ent-side ,C' /ust o//uniate nor/ally with eah other!
Procedure
Dna.le the 2-,I5& funtion on 'D2 (non-gateway 'D)!
2! Dna.le the 2-,I5& funtion on 'D2! +or details" see @!1!(!1 Dna.ling the 2-,I5&
+untion on an 'D!
2-,I5& Client $pen
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Pro;y &er0er Close
Step # Configure the 2-,I5& ser0er and 2-,I5& funtion on 'D2! +or details" see @!1!(!2
:9ample
2-,I5& &er0er
Infor/ation
&er0er I, IP -ddress7 10!10!10!1
&er0er I, 10!10!10!1
&hared Gey 123
Pa9et Inter0al (
Pa9et Ti/es 3
Step % $n 'D2" onfigure a stati route fro/ 'D2 to the 2-,I5& ser0er and set the ne;t-hop
address to the IP address of 'D1! +or details" see (!3!3!* Configuring the IP &tati 2oute for
an 'D!
,estination IP -ddress 10!10!10!1
&u.net 4as9 2((!2((!2((!0
<ateway IP -ddress 10!10!10!2
Step & $n the 2-,I5& ser0er" onfigure a stati route fro/ 'D2 to the 2-,I5& ser0er and set the
ne;t-hop address to the IP address of 'D1!
,estination IP -ddress 10!10!10!3
&u.net 4as9 2((!2((!2((!0
'e;t-hop address 10!10!10!2
....Ed
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Result
- user that uses the user na/e and password /anaged .y the 2-,I5& ser0er an
suessfully log in to the 'Ds .y using the '4& in the data enter and ha0e the sa/e
authority as the authority reorded in the 2-,I5& ser0er!
0+#+1 Troubleshootin
This topi desri.es the relia.ility /ehanis/s and trou.leshooting /ethods related to the
2-,I5& funtion!
0+#+1+# Reliability .echanisms
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent pro0ides 2-,I5& seurity /anage/ent with sta.le protetion to
i/pro0e o//uniation relia.ility!
,uring the appliation of the 2-,I5& seurity /anage/ent funtion" the 2-,I5& ser0er
perfor/s authentiation" authori8ation" and aounting .y reating a data.ase of users and
storing user na/es" passwords" and other serets! Therefore" whether the 2-,I5& ser0er is
relia.le is ruial to the appliation of the 2-,I5& funtion!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent pro0ides the following /ehanis/s to i/pro0e the relia.ility of
2-,I5& seurity /anage/ent7
1L1 onfiguration of the 2-,I5& ser0er
2etrans/ission of 2-,I5& authentiation re6uests
+irst-re/ote-then-loal authentiation strategy
Co//on faults that our on the 2-,I5& ser0er are as follows7
The 2-,I5& ser0er is down!
Configure two 2-,I5& ser0ers in 1L1 .a9up to i/pro0e the relia.ility of the 2-,I5&
ser0er!
The lient-side ,C' .etween the '-& ser0er and the 2-,I5& ser0er is faulty!
This fault is si/ilar to the situation in whih the pri/ary and seondary 2-,I5& ser0ers
are faulty! Chen this fault ours" adopt the loal authentiation strategy to help users
aess the '-& ser0er!
This topi uses fault senarios of the 2-,I5& ser0er as e;a/ples to desri.e how the
2-,I5& relia.ility /ehanis/s funtion when a user logs in to the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent!
-ault on the Primary RADIUS Server
Chen the pri/ary 2-,I5& ser0er is faulty .ut the seondary 2-,I5& ser0er operates
nor/ally" the proess of authentiating the re6uest of a login to the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent is
as follows7
1! - user atte/pts to log in to an 'D .y using the '4&!
2! $n the reeipt of the login infor/ation" the 'D sends an authentiation re6uest to the
pri/ary 2-,I5& ser0er and waits for the response fro/ the pri/ary 2-,I5& ser0er!
3! If the 'D does not reei0e a response fro/ the pri/ary 2-,I5& ser0er within the
speified ti/e" the 'D re-sends the authentiation re6uest!
@! The 'D re-sends the re6uests a nu/.er of ti/es as re6uired! If all the atte/pts fail" the
'D sends the authentiation re6uest to the seondary 2-,I5& ser0er!
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(! The seondary 2-,I5& ser0er returns a response to the 'D" indiating that the
authentiation is suessful! Then" the 'D returns a response to the '4&" indiating that
the login is per/itted!
Unreachable Primary RADIUS Server and Secondary RADIUS
Server
Chen .oth the pri/ary and seondary 2-,I5& ser0ers are faulty or the lient-side ,C' is
faulty" .oth the pri/ary and seondary 2-,I5& ser0ers .eo/e unreaha.le! In this ase" the
proess of authentiating the re6uest of a login to the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent is as follows7
1! - user atte/pts to log in to an 'D .y using the '4&!
2! $n the reeipt of the login infor/ation" the 'D sends an authentiation re6uest to the
pri/ary 2-,I5& ser0er and waits for the response fro/ the pri/ary 2-,I5& ser0er!
3! If the 'D does not reei0e a response fro/ the pri/ary 2-,I5& ser0er within the
speified ti/e" the 'D re-sends the authentiation re6uest to the pri/ary 2-,I5&
ser0er!
@! The 'D re-sends the re6uests a nu/.er of ti/es as re6uired! If all the atte/pts fail" the
'D sends the authentiation re6uest to the seondary 2-,I5& ser0er!
(! If the 'D does not reei0e a response fro/ the seondary 2-,I5& ser0er within the
speified ti/e" the 'D re-sends the authentiation re6uest to the seondary 2-,I5&
ser0er!
B! The 'D re-sends the re6uests a nu/.er of ti/es as re6uired! If all the atte/pts fail" the
'D itself authentiates the login re6uest!
3! If the login aount is onfigured on the 'D" the login passes 0erifiation and the 'D
returns a response to the '4&" indiating that the login is per/itted! $therwise" the
login annot pass 0erifiation! In this ase" the 'D also returns a response to the '4&"
indiating that the login fails!
-fter the 2-,I5& ser0er fault is retified" it /ay affet the users that ha0e logged in and the
authentiation of new users in the following aspets7
T$e -rimar/ 2A,1#% ser&er is restored to ormal w$e t$e secodar/ 2A,1#% ser&er is
o-eratig.
The users that pass the authentiation perfor/ed .y the seondary 2-,I5& ser0er are still in a
logged-in state and are not swithed to the pri/ary 2-,I5& ser0er! 'ew users are authentiated .y
the seondary 2-,I5& ser0er!
T$e -rimar/B secodar/B or bot$ -rimar/ ad secodar/ 2A,1#% ser&ers are restored to
ormal after successful local aut$eticatio.
The users that pass loal authentiation are still in a logged-in state and do not /a9e new login
atte/pts! 'ew users are authentiated .y the 2-,I5& ser0er!
.a9imum 5oin Time
The login ti/e reahes the /a;i/u/ 0alue when .oth the pri/ary and seondary 2-,I5&
ser0ers are unreaha.le and a user aount is not onfigured on the loal 'D! The default
/a;i/u/ login ti/e is alulated .y using the following for/ula7 ,efault /a;i/u/ login
ti/e K ('u/.er of retrans/ission atte/pts L 1) ; Inter0al of pa9et trans/ission ; 'u/.er
of ser0ers! The /a;i/u/ login ti/e ranges fro/ 12s to 120s .ased on the set 0alues of the
retrans/ission atte/pts and the inter0al of pa9et trans/ission! +or details" see Ta.le @-2!
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Table 1.1 4a;i/u/ login ti/e
.a9imum
5oin Time
Number o8
Retransmissio
n Attempts
Interval o8
Pac,et
Transmission
Number o8
Servers
@0s 3 (default) ( (default) 2 (default)
12s 1 (/ini/u/) 3 (/ini/u/) 2 (default)
120s ( (/a;i/u/) 10 (/a;i/u/) 2 (default)
0+#+1+% -ault 5ocatin and Recti6cation
The 2-,I5& funtion /ay fail e0en with the pro0ision of the relia.ility /ehanis/s!
-ault Symptom
The 2-,I5& ser0er fails to perfor/ authentiation!
Impact on System
5sers fail to log in to 'Ds .y using the '4&!
Possible Causes
The 2-,I5& ser0er is faulty or the ,C' on the lient side is faulty!
The onfigurations of the 2-,I5& ser0er are inorret!
The onfigurations of the 2-,I5& lient ($pti% $&' e6uip/ent) are inorret!
52000
Troubleshootin -lo7
+igure @-12 shows the flow for retifying a fault that ours when the 2-,I5& funtion is
used!
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Figure 1.1 +low for retifying a fault that ours when the 2-,I5& funtion is used
R.D20S fau(t
Can te R.D20S ser/er
an! te R.D20S c(ient @OptiX OSN
e?uip"entA co""unicate %it
eac oter nor"a((#L
2s te confi)uration of te
R.D20S ser/er correctL
2s te fau(t
rectifie!L
1* Rectif# te fau(t tat occurs
on te c(ient-si!e DCN*
2* Rectif# te fau(t tat occurs
on te R.D20S ser/er*
Confi)ure te R.D20S ser/er
correct(#*
Confi)ure te R.D20S c(ient
@OptiX OSN e?uip"entA correct(#*
Contact &ua%ei tecnica(
support en)ineers*
5n!
No
Kes
Kes
No
Kes
No
Procedure
Cause 17 The 2-,I5& ser0er is faulty or the ,C' on the lient side is faulty!
1! The 2-,I5& ser0er .elongs to a usto/er and the ,C' on the lient side is designed .y
the usto/er! Therefore" when the 2-,I5& ser0er .eo/es faulty or the ,C' on the
lient side .eo/es faulty" the fault needs to .e retified .y the usto/er!
Step # Cause 27 The onfigurations of the 2-,I5& ser0er are inorret!
1! Che9 whether the IP address and port nu/.er of the 2-,I5& ser0er are orret! If no"
hange the IP address and port nu/.er of the 2-,I5& ser0er to orret 0alues!
Step % Cause 37 The onfigurations of the 2-,I5& lient ($pti% $&' e6uip/ent) are inorret!
1! In the ase of the '-& /ode" he9 the 2-,I5& onfigurations of 'Ds!
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a! Che9 whether the 2-,I5& funtion is ena.led! If no" ena.le the 2-,I5&
funtion!
.! Che9 whether the IP address of the 2-,I5& ser0er is orret! If no" hange the IP
address of the 2-,I5& ser0er to a orret 0alue!
! Che9 whether the set ser0er type is orret! If no" set the ser0er type again!
d! Che9 whether the shared seret 9eys of the 2-,I5& ser0er and 2-,I5& lient are
set to the sa/e 0alue! If the shared seret 9eys are set to different 0alues" set the
shared seret 9eys again!
2! In the ase of the pro;y '-& /ode" perfor/ as follows!
a! Che9 the 2-,I5& onfiguration of the gateway 'D!
funtion!
.! Che9 whether the pro;y '-& funtion is ena.led! If no" ena.le the pro;y '-&
funtion!
! Che9 whether the ser0er type is set to 2A,1#% %er&er! If no" set the ser0er type to
2A,1#% %er&er!
d! Che9 whether the IP address of the 2-,I5& ser0er is orret! If no" hange the IP
address of the 2-,I5& ser0er to a orret 0alue!
e! Che9 whether the shared seret 9eys of the 2-,I5& ser0er and 2-,I5& lient are
set to the sa/e 0alue! If the shared seret 9eys are set to different 0alues" set the
shared seret 9eys again!
f! Che9 the 2-,I5& onfiguration of non-gateway 'Ds!
funtion!
.! Che9 whether the ser0er type is set to )rox/ %er&er! If no" set the ser0er type to
)rox/ %er&er!
! Che9 whether the IP address or 'D I, of the pro;y '-& ser0er is orret! If no"
hange the IP address or 'D I, of the pro;y '-& ser0er to a orret 0alue!
....Ed
0+#+/ Relevant Alarms and :vents
This topi desri.es alar/s related to 2-,I5&! 'o perfor/ane e0ent is related to this
feature!
Ta.le @-3 lists the alar/s related to 2-,I5&!
Table 1.1 -lar/s related to 2-,I5&
Alarm Name Description
&DCH2-,I5&H+-I# The &DCH2-,I5&H+-I# is an alar/ indiating that the nu/.er
of onseuti0e 2-,I5& authentiation failures is too /uh!
This alar/ ours when the nu/.er of onseuti0e 2-,I5&
authentiation failures reahes fi0e! (If the inter0al .etween two
2-,I5& authentiation failures is less than 1*0 seonds" they
are onsidered as onseuti0e 2-,I5& authentiation failures!)
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+eature ,esription ( $ut.and ,C' +eatures
2 3utband DCN -eatures
About This Chapter
This hapter desri.es the out.and ,C' features supported .y the e6uip/ent!
(!1 Introdution to the ,C'
- data o//uniation networ9 (,C') pro0ides o//uniation hannels to /anage 'Ds in a
entrali8ed /anner" therefore helps to /anage and /aintain the 'Ds re/otely! +ro/ a .road
sense" any networ9 for data o//uniation an .e alled a ,C'! In this dou/ent" the ,C'
refers to a data o//uniation networ9 dediated to networ9 /anage/ent in the trans/ission
do/ain!
(!2 HCDCC &olution
The HCDCC protool sta9 is de0eloped .y Huawei .ased on ,CCs or e;tended hannels for
the o//uniation .etween 'Ds!
(!3 IP o0er ,CC &olution
In the IP o0er ,CC solution" the 'Ds use unified ,CCs to trans/it the data of the TCP)IP
protool! In this /anner" the '4& an /anage 'Ds! The IP o0er ,CC solution is applia.le
to a networ9 that is o/prised of the $pti% trans/ission e6uip/ent and the third-party
e6uip/ent that supports the IP o0er ,CC funtion! This solution is also applia.le to a
networ9 that is o/prised of only the $pti% trans/ission e6uip/ent!
(!@ $&I o0er ,CC &olution
In the $&I o0er ,CC solution" 'Ds use unified ,CCs to trans/it the data of the $&I protool!
In this /anner" the '4& an /anage 'Ds! The $&I o0er ,CC solution is applia.le to a
networ9 that is o/prised of the $pti% e6uip/ent and the third-party e6uip/ent that supports
the $&I o0er ,CC funtion!
(!( Hy.rid 'etwor9ing &olution of ,CC Transparent Trans/ission
Chen interwor9ing with the third-party e6uip/ent" the $pti% e6uip/ent an transparently
trans/it the $-4 infor/ation of the third-party e6uip/ent through the ,CC physial
hannel so that the third-party e6uip/ent an tra0erse the Huawei ,C' to o//uniate with
the '4& of the third partyI the $-4 infor/ation of the $pti% e6uip/ent an also .e
transparently trans/itted .y the ,CC physial hannel of the third-party e6uip/ent so that
the $pti% e6uip/ent an o//uniate with the '4&!
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(!B Transparent Trans/ission of ,CC =ytes Through the D;ternal Clo9 Interfae
Transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through the e;ternal lo9 interfae refers to a
solution in whih the e;ternal lo9 interfae is used to plae the ,CC .ytes in a speified D1
ser0ie that tra0erses a third-party networ9! Chen this solution is used" the trans/ission
.andwidth of one D1 ser0ie is oupied! The solution an .e used if networ9 /anage/ent
infor/ation needs to tra0erse third-party e6uip/ent .ut none of $&I o0er ,CC" IP o0er ,CC"
and ,CC transparent trans/ission is supported!
(!3 ,C' 4aintenane
This topi desri.es the trou.leshooting" /aintenane ases" and rele0ant alar/s and
perfor/ane e0ents of the ,C'!
2+# Introduction to the DCN
- data o//uniation networ9 (,C') pro0ides o//uniation hannels to /anage 'Ds in a
entrali8ed /anner" therefore helps to /anage and /aintain the 'Ds re/otely! +ro/ a .road
sense" any networ9 for data o//uniation an .e alled a ,C'! In this dou/ent" the ,C'
refers to a data o//uniation networ9 dediated to networ9 /anage/ent in the trans/ission
do/ain!
2+#+# DCN Composition
,C's are lassified into internal ,C's and e;ternal ,C's!
=oth the '4& and 'Ds are nodes on a ,C'! The ,C' .etween the '4& and the 'Ds is
alled the e;ternal ,C'" and the ,C' .etween 'Ds is alled the internal ,C'" as shown in
+igure (-1!
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Figure 1.1 ,C' o/position
53terna( DCN
2nterna( DCN
N>S
,.N s%itc
Router
OptiX optica( trans"ission e?uip"ent
D;ternal ,C'
$n an atual networ9" the '4& and 'Ds /ay .e loated on different floors of a
.uilding" or in different .uildings" or e0en in different ities! Hene" an e;ternal ,C'
that is o/prised of the data o//uniation e6uip/ent" suh as #-' swithes and
routers" is re6uired to onnet the '4& and the 'Ds! -s the e;ternal ,C' in0ol0es
9nowledge of data o//uniation" no detailed desription is pro0ided in this dou/ent!
The ,C' /entioned in this dou/ent refers to the internal ,C'" unless otherwise
speified!
Internal ,C'
$n an internal ,C'" the e6uip/ent uses the ,CC .ytes in o0erheads as physial
hannels of the ,C'!
2+#+% !ua7ei DCN Solutions
+or 0arious networ9ing /odes of the trans/ission e6uip/ent" the $pti% trans/ission
e6uip/ent of Huawei pro0ides /ultiple ,C' solutions!
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!;:CC Solution
Chen a networ9 is o/prised of only the $pti% trans/ission e6uip/ent" the HCDCC
solution is preferred!
In this solution" 'Ds trans/it the data that supports the HCDCC protool through ,CCs! The
solution features easy onfiguration and on0enient appliation! -s the HCDCC protool is a
proprietary protool" the /anage/ent pro.le/s annot .e sol0ed when a networ9 is
o/prised of .oth the $pti% e6uip/ent and the third-party e6uip/ent!
+or details on the HCDCC solution" see (!2 HCDCC &olution!
IP over DCC Solution
Chen a networ9 is o/prised of .oth the $pti% trans/ission e6uip/ent and the third-party
e6uip/ent that supports the IP o0er ,CC funtion" the IP o0er ,CC solution is preferred! The
IP o0er ,CC solution an also .e applied when a networ9 is o/prised of only the $pti%
trans/ission e6uip/ent!
In the IP o0er ,CC solution" 'Ds trans/it the data that supports the TCP)IP protool through
,CCs! -s the TCP)IP protool is a standard protool" the /anage/ent pro.le/s are sol0ed
when a networ9 is o/prised of .oth the $pti% e6uip/ent and the third-party e6uip/ent! The
onfiguration of the IP o0er ,CC solution is /ore o/pliated than that of the HCDCC
solution!
+or details on the IP o0er ,CC solution" see (!3 IP o0er ,CC &olution!
3SI over DCC Solution
Chen a networ9 is o/prised of .oth the $pti% trans/ission e6uip/ent and the third-party
e6uip/ent that supports the $&I o0er ,CC funtion" the $&I o0er ,CC solution is preferred!
In the $&I o0er ,CC solution" 'Ds trans/it the data that supports the $&I protool through
,CCs! -s the $&I protool is a standard protool" the /anage/ent pro.le/s are sol0ed when
a networ9 is o/prised of .oth the $pti% e6uip/ent and the third-party e6uip/ent! The
onfiguration of the $&I o0er ,CC solution" howe0er" is /ore o/pliated than that of the
HCDCC solution or the IP o0er ,CC solution!
+or details on the $&I o0er ,CC solution" see $&I o0er ,CC &olution!
$pti% $&' (*0 does not support the $&I o0er ,CC funtion!
DCC Transparent Transmission Solution
Chen a networ9 is o/prised of the $pti% trans/ission e6uip/ent and the third-party
e6uip/ent that does not support the IP o0er ,CC funtion or the $&I o0er ,CC funtion" this
solution is adopted!
In the solution" 0endors an use different ,CCs to trans/it data" and the /anage/ent
pro.le/s are sol0ed when a networ9 is o/prised of .oth the $pti% e6uip/ent and the third-
party e6uip/ent! In this solution" the '4& of a 0endor an /anage only the 'Ds of the
0endorI therefore" there is a great li/itation!
+or details on the ,CC transparent trans/ission solution" see (!( Hy.rid 'etwor9ing &olution
of ,CC Transparent Trans/ission!
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2+% !;:CC Solution
The HCDCC protool sta9 is de0eloped .y Huawei .ased on ,CCs or e;tended hannels for
the o//uniation .etween 'Ds!
2+%+# Introduction
This topi desri.es the .asi onepts and networ9ing of the HCDCC solution!
2+%+#+# )asic Concepts
The HCDCC protool sta9 is a proprietary protool sta9 of Huawei! It is the /ost
applia.le and ad0aned DCC o//uniation solution for Huawei trans/ission e6uip/ent!
The HCDCC protool sta9 identifies 'Ds .y I,s and reates routes auto/atially! HCDCC
is user-friendly!
!;:CC Protocol
IT5-T <!3*@ defines the arhiteture of the DCC protool sta9 .ased on the $&I se0en-layer
referene /odel! The HCDCC protool sta9 is i/pro0ed .ased on the DCC protool sta9!
The HCDCC protool onsists of four layers7 physial layer (,CC)" /edia aess layer"
networ9 layer" and transport layer! &ee +igure (-2!
Figure 1.1 -rhiteture of the HCDCC protool sta9
.pp(ication (a#er
:resentation (a#er
Session (a#er
'ransport (a#er
Net%or- (a#er
Data (in- (a#er
:#sica( (a#er
&< 5CC
protoco( stac-
OS2 "o!e(
'ransport (a#er
Net%or- (a#er
>e!ia access
(a#er
:#sica( (a#er
Physial layer
The /ain funtion of the physial layer is to ontrol physial hannels! The physial
layer perfor/s the following funtions7
N 2eei0es and sends data o0er the physial hannels" inluding reei0ing data fro/
physial hannels and trans/itting the data to the upper layer!
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N 2eei0es the data fra/es transferred fro/ the upper layer and sends the/ to physial
hannels!
The hannels at the physial layer inlude ,CCs and e;tended DCCs! The physial layer
an proess the data fra/e with a /a;i/u/ of 102@ .ytes!
4edia aess layer
The /edia aess layer is also alled the /ediu/ aess ontrol (4-C) layer! The /ain
funtion of the 4-C layer is to ati0ate or lose physial ,CCs .etween the physial
layer and the networ9 layer! The 4-C layer shields the di0ersity of the physial
networ9s and pro0ides unifor/ ser0ies upwards (point-to-point physial hannels)! The
4-C layer perfor/s the following funtions7
N Dsta.lishes and /aintains the 4-C onnetion .etween ad:aent 'Ds!
Chen there is a reaha.le physial hannel .etween two ad:aent 'Ds" the 4-C
layer esta.lishes a 4-C onnetion .etween the 'Ds! Dah 4-C onnetion
inludes the address of the opposite 'D" the I, of the physial hannel" the
onnetion ti/er" and other infor/ation!
N Pro0ides the data o//uniation ser0ie!
The 4-C layer reei0es the data fra/e transferred fro/ the physial layer! If the
destination address is the loal station" the 4-C layer transferred the data fra/e to
the networ9 layer! $therwise" the 4-C layer disards the data fra/e!
The 4-C layer sends the data fra/e fro/ the networ9 layer! If the destination
address of the data fra/e has a 4-C onnetion" the 4-C layer sends the data
fra/e to the orresponding physial hannel in the physial layer through the 4-C
onnetion! $therwise" the 4-C layer disards the data fra/e!
'etwor9 layer
The /ain funtion of the networ9 layer is to pro0ide route addressing for data fra/es
and route /anage/ent for an DCC networ9! The networ9 layer perfor/s the following
funtions7
N Dsta.lishes and /aintains DCC routing ta.le!
Dah entry in the routing ta.le inludes the following infor/ation7 address of the
destination 'D" address of the transfer 'D" transfer distane (the nu/.er of passed
transfer 'Ds)" route priority (The priority 0alue ranges fro/ 1 to 3! The priority of an
auto/atially esta.lished route is @ .y default! The syste/ always selets the route
with the highest priority!)" and /ode (0 represents the auto/ati route and 1
represents the /anual route)!
N Pro0ides the data o//uniation ser0ie!
The networ9 layer reei0es the pa9et transferred fro/ the 4-C layer! If the
destination address of the pa9et is the loal station" the networ9 layer transfers the
pa9et to the transport layer! $therwise" the networ9 layer re6uests the 4-C layer to
transfer the pa9et to the transfer station aording to the entry that /athes the
destination address in the networ9 layer routing ta.le!
The networ9 layer sends the pa9et fro/ the transport layer! The networ9 layer
re6uests the 4-C layer to transfer the pa9et to the transfer station aording to the
entry that /athes the destination address of the pa9et in the networ9 layer routing
ta.le!
Transport layer
The /ain funtion of the transport layer is to pro0ide the end-to-end o//uniation
ser0ie for the upper layer! -s the o//uniation .etween the $pti% e6uip/ent and the
'4& is ontrolled .y the end-to-end onnetion-oriented ser0ie in the appliation layer"
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the #@ layer pro0ides only the end-to-end onnetionless o//uniation ser0ie" that is"
transparent data transfer ser0ie!
In the HCDCC protool sta9" the 'D address used .y eah layer is the I, of the 'D! The 'D I, has 2@
.its! The highest eight .its represent the su.net I, (or the e;tended I,) and the lowest 1B .its represent
the .asi I,! +or e;a/ple" if the I, of an 'D is 0;0A0001" the su.net I, of the 'D is A and the .asi I,
is 1!
:9tended !;:CC
The physial layer of the DCC is ,CC" whose data is trans/itted .ased on the fi.er! In ertain
ases" the networ9 or 'D /ay .e independent and there is no ,CC to the gateway 'D (no
fi.er onnetion)! The e;tended DCC atually refers to the DCC protool sta9 that is loaded
on the TCP)IP protool sta9! That is" the HCDCC protool sta9 is arried through the
e;tended hannel (suh as Dthernet) instead of the ,CC to /eet the re6uire/ents of speial
senarios! The differene .etween the e;tended DCC and the DCC is that the physial layer of
the DCC is the ,CC and that of the e;tended DCC is an e;tended hannel (suh as Dthernet
hannel)! +igure (-3 shows the networ9ing senario where the e;tended DCC is applia.le!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing senario where the e;tended DCC is applia.le
Net%or- ca$(e
&u$ 1 &u$ 2
GN51
N52
N53 N5B
N55
N5D
N>S
N57
N58
N59 N510
N511
N512
Fi$er
Su$net 1
Su$net 2
Supportin Capability
HCDCC uses the ,1-,3 .ytes as the physial trans/ission hannels! The ,@-,12 .ytes an
also .e used!
HCDCC supports o//uniation through fi.ers or Dthernet a.les! Chen no optial path is a0aila.le
.etween nodes" use the e;tended DCC solution .y onneting Dthernet a.les!
2+%+#+% Net7or,in Application
The HCDCC solution supports 0arious networ9ing /odes! 'Ds an .e onneted through
optial interfaes or Dthernet ports for DCC o//uniation! In ertain situations" the
HCDCC solution supports transparent trans/ission of the $-4 infor/ation fro/ the third-
party e6uip/ent!
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The HCDCC solution an .e used in the following typial senarios depending on the
networ9ing!
Net7or,in That Involves 3nly !ua7ei :Buipment
+igure (-@ shows the networ9ing that in0ol0es only Huawei e6uip/ent!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing that in0ol0es only Huawei e6uip/ent
Net%or- ca$(e
&u$ 1 &u$ 2
GN51
N52
N53 N5B
N55
N5D
N>S
N57
N58
N59 N510
N511
N512
Fi$er
Su$net 1
Su$net 2
Chen the networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation is trans/itted .etween Huawei optial
e6uip/ent" there /ust .e a gateway 'D that o//uniates with the '4&! The '4& is
onneted to the gateway 'D through Dthernet! In this /anner" you an test" /anage" and
/aintain the entire networ9! 'on-gateway 'Ds are onneted to the gateway 'D through
DCCs to o//uniate the networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation .etween the '4& and the non-
gateway 'Ds!
In addition" 'Ds" suh as 'DB and 'D3" an perfor/ the e;tended DCC o//uniation
through networ9 ports!
Net7or,in That Involves !ua7ei :Buipment and Third'Party
:Buipment
+igure (-( shows the networ9ing that in0ol0es Huawei e6uip/ent and third-party e6uip/ent!
Copyright Huawei
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Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing that in0ol0es Huawei e6uip/ent and third-party e6uip/ent
&ua%ei
e?uip"ent
&07
N5
N5
N5 N5
N5 N5
N5 N5
N5
N5
'ir!-part# N>
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
Net%or- ca$(e
Fi$er
In suh networ9ing" Huawei e6uip/ent /ust transparently trans/it the $-4 infor/ation of
the third-party e6uip/ent! Huawei e6uip/ent pro0ides the ,CC transparent trans/ission
funtion to /eet suh a re6uire/ent! ,uring the trans/ission" Huawei e6uip/ent does not
resol0e the data! +or the purpose of ahie0ing ,CC transparent trans/ission" orresponding
onfigurations are re6uired at eah 'D along the data trans/itting trail!
2+%+% Speci6cations
This setion lists the HCDCC solution speifiations that this produt supports!
Item Speci6cations
D;tended DCC

'etwor9ing /odes7 diret onnetions using networ9 a.les" serial
onnetions using networ9 a.les" and hu. /ode
D;tended DCC /odes7 auto /ode and speified /ode
'etwor9 sale7 The total nu/.er of the ser0er and lients annot .e
greater than *! Chen the nu/.er is not greater than @" e;tended
DCC in auto /ode or speified /ode an .e used! Chen the nu/.er
is greater than @ .ut s/aller than *" e;tended DCC in speified /ode
is reo//ended!
'4& aess
/ode
<ateway aess /ode in whih the networ9 /anage/ent syste/
('4&) an aess a non-gateway 'D only through the gateway 'D
,C' su.net
sales
- ,C' su.net an ontain a /a;i/u/ of 200 'Ds! It is reo//ended
that a ,C' su.net ha0e a /a;i/u/ of 100 'Ds!
NOTE
- ring or hain ,C' su.net an ontain a /a;i/u/ of B@ 'Ds" whih is
deter/ined .y the ,C' route depth!
The preeding data applies to a ,C' su.net that has a /a;i/u/ of 10 ,C'
diretions! If a ,C' su.net has /ore than 10 ,C' diretions" disa.le ,C'
hannels in so/e diretions or ontat Huawei tehnial support engineers!
4a;i/u/ - /a;i/u/ of 12* non-gateway 'Ds an .e onneted to a gateway
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Item Speci6cations
nu/.er of non-
gateway 'Ds
onneted to a
gateway 'D
'D!
2+%+& Availability
The HCDCC funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
&#1, 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
&#@,

$pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
&#1E

$pti% $&' ((07
11002003C00"
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
C%# 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
Copyright Huawei
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$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
&#B@& 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#1BE 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#B@, 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#@1$ 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
Remar,s
The PC% .oard supports this feature only when it has &,H ports!
2+%+0 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for HCDCC in the networ9 design
phase!
The priniples in the networ9 design phase of HCDCC are as follows!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
Dntire feature It is reo//ended that you
adopt only one of the
following solutions to for/
a ,C'7 HCDCC solution"
IP o0er ,CC solution" and
$&I o0er ,CC solution! If
you o/.ine the HCDCC
solution with other solutions
to .uild a networ9" pay
attention to the following
points7
The HCDCC protool

sta9 of 'Ds an
o//uniate with the IP
protool sta9!
The HCDCC protool

sta9 of 'Ds an
o//uniate with the
$&I protool sta9 in the
sa/e area of the #ayer 1!
you adopt the HCDCC
protool to /anage the
$pti% e6uip/ent if ,CC
.ytes are used to
')-
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5imitation Details
Remar,s
networ9 /anage/ent
infor/ation when the
$pti% e6uip/ent
interwor9s with the
third-party e6uip/ent!
Dntire feature The $pti% $&' (*0 does
not support $&I o0er ,CC!
')-
=oard The PC% .oard supports
this feature only when it has
&,H ports!
in0ol0ed!
2+%+2 Principles
The HCDCC solution is i/ple/ented .y esta.lishing DCC routes and transferring pa9ets! In
addition" the DCC protool sta9 an also .e trans/itted o0er e;tended DCCs to /eet speial
re6uire/ents in ertain senarios!
2+%+2+# :stablishin :CC Routes
The HCDCC solution adopts the shortest path first algorith/ to esta.lish DCC routes!
In this onte;t" the shortest path refers to the path with the /ini/u/ nu/.er of passed sites!
The following desri.es how an 'D esta.lishes DCC routes7
1! The physial layer of eah 'D /aintains the state infor/ation of the ,CC to whih eah
line port orresponds!
2! The 4-C layer of the 'D esta.lishes the 4-C onnetion .etween the 'D and its
ad:aent 'D!
The steps are as follows7
a! The 'D .roadasts the onnetion re6uest fra/e (4-CH2DE) to the ad:aent 'D
periodially!
.! -fter reei0ing the 4-CH2DE" the ad:aent 'D returns the onnetion response
fra/e (4-CH2&P)!
! If the 4-CH2&P is reei0ed within the speified ti/e" the 'D esta.lishes a 4-C
onnetion .etween the 'D and its ad:aent 'D!
3! The networ9 layer of the 'D esta.lishes a networ9 layer routing ta.le!
The steps are as follows7
a! -ording to the status of the 4-C onnetion" the 'D esta.lishes an initial
networ9 layer routing ta.le!
.! The 'D .roadasts its routing ta.le to the ad:aent 'D periodially through the
routing response /essage!
! The ad:aent 'D updates its networ9 layer routing ta.le .ased on the reei0ed
routing response /essage and the shortest path first algorith/!
d! -t the ne;t route .roadasting ti/e" the 'D .roadasts its urrent networ9 layer
routing ta.le to the ad:aent 'D!
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Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing e;a/ple for esta.lishing DCC routes
N51
N52
N53
N55
N5B
Considering the networ9 shown in +igure (-B as an e;a/ple" the DCC routes .etween 'Ds are
esta.lished as follows7
1! The physial layer of eah 'D /aintains the state infor/ation of the ,CC to whih eah
line port orresponds! The physial layer of eah 'D detets that there are two a0aila.le
,CCs!
2! The 4-C layer of the 'D esta.lishes the 4-C onnetion .etween the 'D and its
ad:aent 'D!
'D1 is onsidered as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to esta.lish a 4-C onnetion!
a! 'D1 .roadasts the fra/e 4-CH2DE to 'D2 and 'D( periodially through its two
a0aila.le ,CCs! The fra/e 4-CH2DE ontains the I, of 'D1!
.! $n the reeipt of the fra/e 4-CH2DE" 'D2 and 'D( return their respeti0e
4-CH2&P fra/es! The fra/e 4-CH2&P fro/ 'D2 ontains the I, of 'D2 and the
fra/e 4-CH2&P fro/ 'D( ontains the I, of 'D(!
! $n the reeipt of the 4-CH2&P fra/es" 'D1 esta.lishes a 4-C onnetion
.etween 'D1 and 'D2 and a 4-C onnetion .etween 'D1 and 'D( .ased on the
'D I, and ,CC that reports the fra/e!
3! The networ9 layer of the 'D esta.lishes a networ9 layer routing ta.le!
'D1 is onsidered as an e;a/ple to desri.e how to esta.lish a networ9 layer routing
ta.le!
a! -ording to the status of the 4-C onnetion" 'D1 esta.lishes an initial networ9
layer routing ta.le! In the routing ta.le" there are two routes" one to 'D2 and one to
'D(!
.! 'D1 .roadasts its routing ta.le to ad:aent 'Ds periodially through the routing
response /essage!
! -fter reei0ing the routing response /essage fro/ 'D1" 'D2 and 'D( update their
respeti0e networ9 layer routing ta.les! -fter the update" there is a route to 'D( in
the networ9 layer routing ta.le of 'D2" and the transfer 'D is 'D1! There is a route
to 'D2 in the networ9 layer routing ta.le of 'D(" and the transfer 'D is also 'D1!
d! &i/ilarly" 'D1 also adds the routes to 'D3 and 'D@ in its networ9 layer routing
ta.le aording to the routing response /essages fro/ 'D2 and 'D(! There are two
routes .etween 'D1 and 'D3! The distane of the route whose transfer 'D is 'D2
is 1 and the distane of the route whose transfer 'D is 'D( is 2! Therefore"
aording to the shortest path first priniple" only the route whose transfer 'D is
'D2 is retained in the networ9 layer routing ta.le! The routes to 'D@ are proessed
in the sa/e /anner as those to 'D3!
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e! If the ,CC .etween 'D1 and 'D2 .eo/es faulty" the 4-C onnetion .etween
'D1 and 'D2 fails! In this ase" 'D1 updates the routes to 'D2 and 'D3 in its
networ9 layer routing ta.le .ased on the routing response /essage fro/ 'D(! In
this ase" the routes to 'D2 and 'D3 are re-esta.lished! Therefore" the DCC route is
proteted!
2+%+2+% Trans8errin .essaes
In the HCDCC solution" the /essages .etween 'Ds are transferred at the networ9 layer of the
'Ds!
+igure (-3 illustrates how the /essages originated fro/ the '4& are transferred to a
destination 'D in the HCDCC solution!
The wor9ing priniple is as follows7
1! The '4& transfers appliation layer /essages to the gateway 'D through the TCP
onnetion .etween the/!
2! The gateway 'D e;trats the /essages fro/ the TCP)IP protool sta9 and reports the
/essages to the appliation layer!
3! The appliation layer of the gateway 'D 6ueries the address of the destination 'D in the
/essages! If the address of the destination 'D is not the sa/e as the address of the loal
station" the gateway 'D 6ueries the ore routing ta.le of the networ9 layer aording to
the address of the destination 'D to o.tain the orresponding route and the
o//uniation protool sta9 of the transfer 'D! -s shown in +igure (-3" the transfer
'D adopts HCDCC as its o//uniation protool sta9! Therefore" the gateway 'D
transfers the /essages to the transfer 'D through the HCDCC protool sta9!
@! $n the reeipt of the pa9et that enapsulates the /essages" the networ9 layer of the
transfer 'D 6ueries the address of the destination 'D of the pa9et! If the address of the
destination 'D is not the sa/e as the address of the loal station" the transfer 'D 6ueries
the networ9 layer routing ta.le aording to the address of the destination 'D to o.tain
the orresponding route and then transfers the pa9et!
(! $n the reeipt of the pa9et" the networ9 layer of the destination 'D reports the pa9et to
the appliation layer through the #ayer @ .eause the address of the destination 'D for
the pa9et is the sa/e as the address of the loal station! The appliation layer funtions
aording to the /essage sent fro/ the '4&!
Figure 1.1 Cor9ing priniple of /essage transferring (HCDCC)
DCC
>.C
N5'
5ternet
'C:
.pp(ication
5ternet
'C:
.pp(ication
DCC
>.C
N5'
,B
DCC
>.C
N5'
,B
.pp(ication
N>S Gate%a# N5 'ransfer N5 Destination N5
2: 2:
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- ore routing ta.le synthesi8es the transport layer routing ta.les of all o//uniation protool sta9s!
Dah entry inludes the following infor/ation7
I, of the destination 'D
-ddress of the transfer 'D
Protool sta9 adopted for /essage transferring
Transfer distane
2+%+2+& :9tended :CC
The e;tended DCC refers to the DCC protool sta9 that is loaded on the TCP)IP protool
sta9! That is" the HCDCC protool sta9 is trans/itted through the e;tended hannel (suh
as Dthernet) instead of the ,CC to /eet the re6uire/ents of speial senarios!
The differene .etween the e;tended DCC and the DCC is that the physial layer of the DCC
is the ,CC and that of the e;tended DCC is an e;tended hannel (suh as an Dthernet
hannel)! -s shown in +igure (-*" su.net 1 and su.net 2 are independent networ9s that are
onneted to a hu. instead of through a fi.er! The 'Ds of su.net 2 are /anaged .y the
gateway 'D of su.net 1!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing that in0ol0es only Huawei e6uip/ent
Net%or- ca$(e
&u$ 1 &u$ 2
GN51
N52
N53 N5B
N55
N5D
N>S
N57
N58
N59 N510
N511
N512
Fi$er
Su$net 1
Su$net 2
The e;tended DCC esta.lishes the 4-C onnetion of ad:aent 'Ds through the TCP
onnetion! The DCC an .e e;tended in the auto/ati /ode or the /anual /ode!
The wor9ing priniple of the auto/ati DCC e;tension is as follows7
1! Dah 'D o.tains the IP addresses of the other 'Ds that are on the sa/e Dthernet through
the address resolution protool (-2P)!
2! The 'D with the largest IP address auto/atially funtions as the ser0er and detets the
TCP re6uests fro/ the lients!
3! The other 'Ds auto/atially funtion as lients and send TCP onnetion re6uests to the
ser0er!
@! $n the reeipt of the TCP onnetion re6uest fro/ a lient" the ser0er esta.lishes the
orresponding TCP onnetion!
(! The 'Ds use TCP onnetions as 4-C onnetions for DCC o//uniation!
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The wor9ing priniple of the /anual DCC e;tension is .asially the sa/e as that of the
auto/ati DCC e;tension! The differene is that the ser0er" lients" and onnetion port
nu/.ers are /anually speified in the /anual /ode!
2+%+4 Plannin Guidelines
Plan the para/eters of a ,C' .ased on the situation of the networ9 when you use the
HCDCC solution!
2+%+4+# Plannin Guidelines
This topi pro0ides guidelines on how to plan the HCDCC solution!
Chen planning ,C's" o/ply with the following priniples7
Chen the e6uip/ent interwor9s with other Huawei optial e6uip/ent" the HCDCC or
IP o0er ,CC protool is reo//ended! The entire ,C' /ust use the sa/e
o//uniation protool!
Chen the e6uip/ent interwor9s with the third-party e6uip/ent" selet the protool that
is supported .y the third-party e6uip/ent" that is" the IP o0er ,CC protool or the $&I
o0er ,CC protool!
Chen the e6uip/ent interwor9s with the third-party e6uip/ent" selet the ,CC
transparent trans/ission solution if the third-party e6uip/ent does not support the IP
o0er ,CC protool or the $&I o0er ,CC protool!
2egardless of the o//uniation protool you selet to .uild the ,C'" properly set the
,C' sale and di0ide the networ9 aording to the networ9 ondition to ease i/pat of
the large networ9 sale!
Configure the ,C' as a ring to ensure relia.le networ9 o//uniation! In this /anner"
the routes an .e proteted when a fi.er is ut or any ano/aly ours on the 'D! If fi.ers
of the e6uip/ent annot for/ a ring" esta.lish e;tra ,C' hannels to for/ a ring
networ9 and to protet routes!
The /anage/ent infor/ation fro/ the '4& to ordinary 'Ds /ust .e forwarded .y the
gateway 'D! Chen reating an 'D on the '4&" you need to speify the gateway 'D first! In
the networ9-wide planning" selet the gateway 'D .ased on the atual networ9ing and the
o//uniation protool!
Chen planning gateway 'Ds" o/ply with the following priniples7
Corretly set the IP address and su.net /as9 for the gateway 'D!
$nly the 'D onneted to the '4& with a networ9 a.le an .e onfigured as a gateway
'D!
-0oid too /any gateway 'Ds on a networ9! $therwise" the networ9 perfor/ane /ay .e
affeted! It is suggested that the nu/.er of gateway 'Ds /anaged .y an '4& not
e;eed (0! If the nu/.er e;eeds (0" use e;tended DCC to o/.ine the gateway 'Ds!
Dah gateway 'D annot .e onneted to too /any non-gateway 'Ds (inluding the
non-gateway 'Ds that are onneted through e;tended DCCs)! The nu/.er annot
e;eed (0! If the nu/.er e;eeds (0" reate /ore gateway 'Ds!
5sually" /ultiple independent 'Ds in a networ9 topology (for e;a/ple" the 'Ds in a ring
networ9) should .e onneted to the sa/e gateway 'D!
In the atual networ9ing" the gateway 'D has the largest traffi 0olu/e! To ensure sta.le
o//uniation" selet the e6uip/ent with strong DCC proessing apa.ility as the
gateway 'D! The gateway 'D and other 'Ds should for/ a star networ9" to redue the
traffi 0olu/e of other 'Ds!
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To ensure a relia.le onnetion .etween the networ9 and the '4&" selet an 'D as the
seondary gateway 'D .y using the sa/e standard for seleting an 'D as the pri/ary
gateway 'D! In addition" the seondary gateway 'D an also /anage ertain 'Ds! In
this /anner" the two gateway 'Ds .a9 up eah other to enhane the networ9 sta.ility!
Chen planning 'D I,s" o/ply with the following priniples7
-n 'D I, /ust .e uni6ue on the ,C' networ9!
-n 'D I, is a 2@-.it .inary digit" and is di0ided into high order * .its and low order 1B
.its! The highest eight .its represent the e;tended I, (A .y default)! It is also alled
su.net nu/.er" .eause it identifies a su.net! The 0alue of a su.net nu/.er annot .e 6
or 6xFF! The lowest 1B .its represent the .asi I,! The 0alue annot .e 6" or greater
than or e6ual to 6xBFEF!
$n a ring networ9" the I,s of 'Ds should .e inre/ented .y one along the diretion of
the pri/ary ring!
$n a ring networ9" it is reo//ended to onfigure the I,s of all the 'Ds at a station" and
then onfigure the I,s of all the 'Ds at the ne;t station!
In the ase of a o/ple; networ9" di0ide the networ9 into rings and hains! &et the I,s
of the 'Ds on the ring to nu/.ers fro/ 1 to '" and the I,s of the 'Ds on the hain to
nu/.ers starting fro/ 'L1!
Chen planning IP addresses" o/ply with the following priniples7
-n IP address is used in the o//uniation .etween a gateway 'D and the '4&!
Hene" a gateway 'D re6uires an IP address! In addition" the IP address of the 'D that
re6uires the e;tended DCC funtion needs to .e set!
The IP address of an 'D does not need to .e /anually set and 0aries with 'D I,s! The
for/at of an IP address is 12A!E!A!%! The seond nu/.er E is the e;tended I, of the 'D"
whih does not 0ary with the 'D I,s! The default 0alue is I! The third nu/.er A and
fourth nu/.er % are the highest eight .its and lowest eight .its of an 'D I,! Chen the IP
address of an 'D is /anually set" the /apping relationship .etween the IP address and
'D I, does not e;ist!
=y default" the su.net IP address is 12A!A!0!0 and su.net /as9 is 2((!2((!0!0!
Chen planning HCDCC" o/ply with the following priniples7
If the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent is used as the gateway 'D of a networ9" the nu/.er of 'Ds
on eah HCDCC su.net does not e;eed (0!
Configure the HCDCC su.net as a ring to ensure that routes an .e proteted when a
fi.er is ut or any ano/aly ours on the 'D!
,o not ena.le the DCC o//uniation .etween 'Ds on different HCDCC su.nets! That
is"
N ,o not use networ9 a.les or fi.ers to esta.lish diret physial onnetions .etween
any 'Ds on two HCDCC su.nets!
N 5se the '4& to disa.le the DCC o//uniation .etween 'Ds on different HCDCC
su.nets!
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent auto/atially alloates DCC hannels to the interfaes on
eah .oard! ,isa.le unneessary DCC hannels onsidering that the nu/.er of DCC
hannels on the e6uip/ent is li/ited!
The nu/.er of 'Ds /anaged .y a gateway 'D is li/ited! Therefore" /ultiple gateway
'Ds are re6uired when there are a large nu/.er of 'Ds!
In the appliation senario where the e;tended DCC o//uniation is re6uired" the
/anually e;tended DCC is reo//ended! ,o not use the auto/atially e;tended DCC"
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so that the .andwidth .etween 'Ds using e;tended DCC for o//uniation an .e
redued!
Chen the nu/.er of Huawei e6uip/ent that uses the e;tended DCC o//uniation
e;eeds @" the /anually e;tended DCC o//uniation /ust .e used!
Chen onfiguring the /anually e;tended DCC" onfigure one or /ore 'Ds as the ser0er
and other 'Ds as the lient! $ne ser0er 'D an ha0e a /a;i/u/ of se0en lient 'Ds! If
the nu/.er of lient 'Ds /anaged .y a ser0er 'D e;eeds *" selet a lient 'D as the
ser0er 'D for the re/aining lient 'Ds! In this ase" the lient 'D funtions as a lient
and a ser0er at the sa/e ti/e! +ollow the sa/e rule for alloating the re/aining lient
'Ds! The port nu/.ers of the ser0er 'Ds /ust .e different!
2+%+4+% Plannin :9ample
This topi uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan the HCDCC solution!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing e;a/ple for the HCDCC solution
Fi$er
Net%or- ca$(e
2 >$it/s canne(
OptiX optica( trans"ission e?uip"ent
Fui!%a#
&u$
N>S
N5101
N510B
N5102
N5103
N5201
N510D
N5203
N5202
N520B
+igure (-A shows a trans/ission networ9 that is o/prised of only the $pti% e6uip/ent! To
plan HCDCC" do as follows7
1! 4ore than *0 sets of optial trans/ission e6uip/ent are present on the networ9!
Therefore" di0ide this DCC networ9 into two DCC su.nets aording to the e6uip/ent
type!
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2! &elet 'D101 and 'D201" whih are loated in the /iddle of the optial trans/ission
ser0ie" as gateway 'Ds!
3! -s shown in this figure" the '4& and 'D101 are loated at the sa/e plae" and 'D202
is loated at another plae! In this ase" set up an e;ternal ,C' onneting the '4& and
'D202 .y using a router Euidway 2(01!
@! -lloate I,s and IP addresses for all the 'Ds aording to the situation of the networ9"
as shown in +igure (-10!
Figure 1.2 -lloation of I,s)IP addresses for all 'Ds
9-101
10*0*0*101
0*0*0*0
9-102
129*9*0*102
0*0*0*0
11*0*0*1/1D
10*0*0*100/1D
10*0*0*1/1D
9-10B
129*9*0*10B
0*0*0*0
53ten!e! 2D-7asic 2D
2: a!!ress
Gate%a#
9-10D
129*9*0*10D
0*0*0*0
9-103
129*9*0*103
0*0*0*0
9-201
11*0*0*201
11*0*0*1
9-202
129*9*0*202
0*0*0*0
9-203
129*9*0*203
0*0*0*0
9-20B
129*9*0*20B
0*0*0*0
2+%+* Con6urin !;:CC
Plan ,CC resoures properly aording to the onfiguration priniple of HCDCC and
onfigure HCDCC .y following the speified flow to ensure effeti0e super0ision of the
'4& on the 'Ds!
2+%+*+# Con6uration -lo7
-fter 'Ds are reated on the '4&" onfigure the HCDCC solution!
+igure (-11 shows the onfiguration flow of the HCDCC solution!
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Figure 1.1 Configuration flow of the HCDCC solution
Start
Set 2Ds an! 2:
a!!resses for N5s
Confi)ure DCCs for
te N5s
Confi)urin) e3ten!e!
5CCs re?uire!L
Confi)ure te
e3ten!e! 5CCs
1
2
3
Kes
No
Di/i!in) a net%or- into
5CC su$nets re?uire!L
Di/i!e a net%or- into
5CC su$nets
Kes
No
Fuer# 5CC routes
on a GN5
5n!
Confi)urin) DCC
transparent trans"ission
re?uire!L
Confi)ure DCC transparent
trans"ission
Kes
No
D
B
5
Table 1.1 Configuration flow of the HCDCC solution
Remar,s Description
1 &et the networ9-wide data" inluding the 'D I,s and the 'D IP
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Remar,s Description
addresses! In ertain ases" you need to set the su.net /as9s and
default gateways aording to the e;ternal ,C'!
The 'D I, and IP address are set when an 'D is reated! +or
details" see the Configuration Guide (#D Transport Domain)!
To hange the I, of an 'D" see (!2!3!2 Changing the I, of an 'D!
To hange the IP address of an 'D" see (!2!3!3 &etting

Co//uniation Para/eters of an 'D!
2

&et C$ael T/-e to ,1.,( for the &,H port!
&et )rotocol T/-e to >"ECC for the line port!
Chen the DCC networ9 is di0ided" set the ena.ling status of the
,CC .etween DCC su.nets to ,isable!
+or details on the onfiguration flow" see (!2!3!@ Configuring ,CCs!

3

&et ECC Exteded Mode to %-ecified Mode!
&et the )ort para/eter for the 'D that funtions as the ser0er!
&et O--osite 1) and )ort for the 'D that funtions as the lient!
The 0alue of O--osite 1) should .e the sa/e as the IP address of
the ser0er" and the 0alue of )ort should .e the sa/e as the 0alue
set at the ser0er!
+or details on the onfiguration flow" see (!2!3!( Configuring the

D;tended DCC!
@

If the nu/.er of 'D on an DCC networ9 e;eeds (0" di0ide the
networ9 into /ultiple DCC su.nets!
To di0ide an DCC networ9 into /ultiple DCC su.nets" you an set

the ,CC of the optial interfae on the 'D that is diretly
onneted to the e6uip/ent on another DCC su.net to ,isable!
+or details on the onfiguration flow" see (!2!3!B ,i0iding a

'etwor9 Into 4ultiple DCC &u.nets!
(

&elet the o0erhead .ytes to .e transparently trans/itted as
re6uired!
+or details" see (!2!3!3 Configuring ,CC Transparent Trans/ission!

B

Dnsure that the gateway 'D has an DCC route to eah of its
/anaged non-gateway 'Ds!
Dnsure that the gateway 'D has no DCC routes to 'Ds on the other
DCC su.nets!
Dnsure that the DCC route uses the shortest path!
+or details on how to 6uery DCCs" see (!2!3!* Euerying DCC

2outes!
2+%+*+% Chanin the ID o8 an N:
Oou an use the 52000 to hange the I, of an 'D in order to ad:ust the original planning!
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PrereBuisites
The user /ust log in to the 'D!
Procedure
&elet the 'D in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Cofiguratio > NE Attribute fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Cli9 Modif/ NE 1,! The Modif/ NE 1, dialog .o; is displayed!
Step % Dnter New 1, and New Exteded 1,! Cli9 OK!
Step & In the dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 OK!
-fter the operation" the o//uniation .etween the 52000 and the 'D is interrupted!
-fter you hange the I, of the 'D" the original onfiguration infor/ation /ay .e lost and therefore
the protetion and other features fail to wor9 nor/ally!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
-fter you hange the I, of the 'D" a war/ reset is perfor/ed on the &C= .oard! In this ase"
you need to log in to the 'D again after a ertain period!
2+%+*+& Settin Communication Parameters o8 an N:
The o//uniation para/eters of an 'D inlude the IP address" e;tended I," gateway IP"
su.net /as9" and '&-P address! Oou an use the 52000 to set the o//uniation
para/eters!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the desired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree! Choose Commuicatio > Commuicatio
)arameters fro/ the +untion Tree!
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Step # &et the o//uniation para/eters of the 'D aording to the networ9 planning!
$n the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent" the 'D I," e;tended I," and IP address an auto/atially .e sa0ed in
the .a9plane! This funtion is ena.led when Automatic ,CN 2eco&er/ is set to Eabled!
Step % Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
2+%+*+0 Con6urin DCCs
To /eet the re6uire/ents for /anaging a o/ple; networ9" you need to set the hannel type"
protool type" or ena.le status of the ,CCs aording to the networ9 plan!
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
&elet the 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Commuicatio > ,CC Maagemet fro/ the
+untion Tree!
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Step # Cli9 the ,CC 2ate Cofiguratio ta.!
Step % O-tioal= Change the ena.le status of the ,CC!
1! ,ou.le-li9 the ell in the Eabled0,isabled olu/n to whih the ,CC orresponds!
&elet the re6uired state fro/ the drop-down list!
2! Cli9 A--l/!
Step & O-tioal= Change the protool type of the ,CC!
1! ,ou.le-li9 the ell in the )rotocol T/-e olu/n to whih the ,CC orresponds!
&elet the re6uired protool type fro/ the drop-down list!
2! Cli9 A--l/!
Step 0 O-tioal= Create ,CCs!
1! Cli9 Create!
The Create dialog .o; is displayed!
2! &et the attri.utes of the ,CC!
3! Cli9 OK!
....Ed
Parameter description
Port +or e;a/ple" 3-&#@&-
1(&,H-1)
&peifies the port for whih
,CC hannels need to .e
onfigured!
Channel ,1-,3" ,@-,12
,efault 0alue7 ,1-,3
&peifies the ,CC hannel
type!
Chen the IP o0er ,CC

solution is used" set
C$ael of &,H line
ports to the sa/e 0alue
as the hannel type of a
third-party networ9!
Chen the ,CC

solution is used"
C$ael of &,H line
ports /ust not onflit
with the hannel type of
a third-party networ9!
Protool Type IP" $&I" HCDCC" -uto
,efault 0alue7 $&I
&peifies the protool type!
Chen the HCDCC

)rotocol T/-e to
>"ECC!

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)rotocol T/-e to 1)!
Chen the $&I o0er ,CC

)rotocol T/-e to O%1!
If )rotocol T/-e is Auto"

the e6uip/ent
auto/atially adapts to
)rotocol T/-e of a third-
party networ9!
#-P, 2ole 'etwor9" 5ser
,efault 0alue7 'etwor9
&peifies the #-P, role
when )rotocol T/-e is set to
O%1!
only when )rotocol T/-e is
O%1!
The two ends of eah ,CC
hannel /ust ha0e different
!A), 2ole 0alues! If
!A), 2ole is #ser at one
end" #ser /ust .e Networ*
at the other end!
#-P, 4T5 (12-1(3@
,efault 0alue7 1(12
#-P, pa9et length when
)rotocol T/-e is set to O%1!
Pa9ets will .e disarded"
one their lengths e;eeds
the #-P, 4T5!
O%1!
=ound +lag ,isa.led" Dna.led
the port .inding flag!
,o/ain +lag 4anage/ent ,o/ain"
Control ,o/ain
,efault 0alue7 4anage/ent
,o/ain
&peifies the type of
infor/ation to .e
trans/itted o0er the ,CC
hannel .ytes!
Chen this para/eter is set

to Maagemet
,omai" ,CC hannel
.ytes are used to trans/it
/anage/ent
infor/ation!

to Cotrol ,omai"
,CC hannel .ytes are
used to trans/it -&$'
infor/ation!
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2+%+*+2 Con6urin the :9tended :CC
Chen there is no optial path .etween two or /ore 'Ds" the Dthernet ports of the 'Ds an .e
used to ahie0e e;tended DCC o//uniation! =y default" the 'D uses the auto/atially
e;tended DCC o//uniation! Chen the nu/.er of Huawei e6uip/ent that uses the
e;tended DCC o//uniation e;eeds @" the e;tended DCC o//uniation in speified
/ode /ust .e used instead!
PrereBuisites
The e6uip/ent /ust .e installed aording to the planning! The onnetions of the
a.les and fi.ers are orret!
The 'D /ust .e reated on the 52000! The o//uniation .etween the 52000 and the
'D /ust .e nor/al!
The o//uniation .etween 'Ds /ust .e nor/al!
Conte9t
Chen onfiguring the e;tended DCC" onfigure one or /ultiple 'Ds as the ser0ers and other
'Ds as the lients! $ne ser0er 'D an ha0e a /a;i/u/ of se0en lient 'Ds! If the nu/.er of
lient 'Ds /anaged .y a ser0er 'D e;eeds *" selet a lient 'D as the ser0er 'D for the
re/aining lient 'Ds! In this ase" the lient 'D funtions as a lient and a ser0er at the sa/e
ti/e! +ollow the sa/e rule for alloating the re/aining lient 'Ds! The port nu/.ers of the
ser0er 'Ds /ust .e different!
The DCC e;tended /ode of the re/ote 'Ds /ust .e /odified first" and that of the
gateway 'D /ust .e /odified last!
The e;tended DCC o//uniation is a0oided .etween the gateway 'Ds on different
su.nets!
,o not set the gateway 'D as the ser0er! The 'D losest to the gateway 'D is
reo//ended as the ser0er 'D!
Chen setting the DCC e;tended /ode re/otely" stritly o/ply with the re6uired setting
se6uene! $therwise" the o//uniation .etween the 52000 and the 'D that .eo/es
unreaha.le to the 52000 annot .e restored auto/atially! In this ase" on-site resetting is
re6uired! Hene" when setting the DCC e;tended /ode re/otely" wor9 out the DCC setting
plan in ad0ane to ensure that the settings are orret!
Procedure
&et the lient 'D!
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1! In the status figure of the optial 'D ($'D)" right-li9 the ser0er 'D that is defined in
the DCC onfiguration plan and hoose NE Ex-lorer!
2! Choose Commuicatio > ECC Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
3! Cli9 2efres$ to he9 the urrent DCC /ode of the 'D!
@! &et ECC Exteded Mode to %-ecified mode in the +untional Panel!
(! 5nder %et Cliet" enter the IP address of the ser0er 'D in the O--osite 1) Address
field! Then enter a port nu/.er in the )ort field!
The port nu/.er is used .y the loal 'D for o//uniation with the ser0er 'D! The port nu/.er annot
.e the sa/e as the 0alue of the )ort field in the %et %er&er area!
B! Cli9 A--l/ on the %et Cliet page!
3! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is
The IP address of eah 'D /ust .e uni6ue and /ust .e within the sa/e su.net!
The lient 'D an .e the ser0er 'D of the ne;t lower le0el! In this ase" the lient port and the ser0er
port of the loal 'D annot .e the sa/e! +or speifi proedure" see ?&etting the &er0er 'D!?
The port nu/.er /ust .e within the range fro/ 1B01 to 1BAA" for e;a/ple" 1B10!
Step # &et the ser0er 'D!
1! #og in to the 52000!
2! ,ou.le-li9 the optial 'D" and the status figure of the 'D is displayed!
3! 2ight-li9 the su.ra9 'D and then hoose NE Ex-lorer!
The su.ra9 'D is seleted as the ser0er 'D when the lient 'D is set!
@! Choose Commuicatio > ECC Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
(! Cli9 2efres$ to he9 the urrent DCC /ode of the 'D!
B! &et ECC Exteded Mode to %-ecified mode in the +untional Panel!
3! Dnter the port nu/.er in the )ort field of the %et %er&er area! The port nu/.er /ust .e
the sa/e as the port nu/.er you enter in the )ort field of the %et Cliet area of the
lient 'D!
The port nu/.er is used .y the loal 'D for o//uniation with the lient 'D!
The port nu/.er of the ser0er 'D /ust .e the sa/e as the port nu/.er of the lient 'D!
*! Cli9 A--l/ on the %et %er&er page!
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A! The O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; is displayed" indiating that the operation is
....Ed
2+%+*+4 Dividin a Net7or, Into .ultiple :CC Subnets
Chen the nu/.er of 'Ds on a networ9 e;eeds (0" you need to di0ide the networ9 into
/ultiple DCC su.nets to pre0ent networ9 stor/s!
PrereBuisites
In the ase of an &,H networ9" you an di0ide the networ9 into /ultiple DCC su.nets .y
setting the ,CC status of the optial interfae (of the 'D that is at the .order of one su.net)
that is diretly onneted to the e6uip/ent of another su.net to disa.led!
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet an 'D that is at the .order of one su.net and then hoose Commuicatio > ,CC
Step # Cli9 the ,CC 2ate Cofiguratio ta." and then set Eabled0,isabled of the optial
interfae that is diretly onneted to the e6uip/ent of another su.net to ,isabled!
....Ed
2+%+*+* Con6urin DCC Transparent Transmission
The $pti% e6uip/ent supports the ,CC transparent trans/ission funtion! Cith this funtion"
the e6uip/ent an transparently trans/it networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation when the $pti%
e6uip/ent is used together with other e6uip/ent to for/ a networ9 and an also transparently
trans/it the networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation .etween DCC su.nets!
PrereBuisites
'D /ust .e nor/al!
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the desired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree! Choose Commuicatio > ,CC Maagemet
Step # Cli9 the ,CC Tras-aret Trasmissio Maagemet ta.!
Step % Cli9 New!
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Step & In the Create ,CC Tras-aret Trasmissio B/te dialog .o; that is displayed" set the
para/eters of the ,CC transparent trans/ission .yte!
Step 0 Cli9 OK! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 OK!
....Ed
2+%+*+1 <ueryin :CC Routes
=y 6uerying DCC routes" you an 0erify whether the DCC onfigurations are orret and
whether the ,CC o//uniation is nor/al!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the desired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree! Choose Commuicatio > NE ECC !i*
Step # Cli9 2efres$ and the DCC routes of the 'D are displayed in the NE ECC !i*
Maagemet Table!
Step % Che9 whether the DCC routes and their para/eters in NE ECC !i* Maagemet Table
are the sa/e as the planned infor/ation!
Step & O-tioal= Cli9 Add Maual 2oute to add /anual DCC routes of the 'D!
....Ed
2+%+1 Application :9ample )ased on !;:CC
This topi uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the HCDCC solution!
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This topi uses the planning para/eters of the e;a/ple in (!2!B Planning <uidelines!
The e;a/ple pro0ides the onfigurations of only the typial 'Ds" inluding 'D101" 'D102"
'D103" 'D10@" 'D10B" and 'D201!
Configuration of the e;tended DCC and ,CC transparent trans/ission is not re6uired!
Procedure
&et I,s of the 'Ds! +or details" see (!2!3!2 Changing the I, of an 'D!
N: :9tended ID N: ID
'D101 A 101
'D102 A 102
'D103 A 103
'D10@ A 10@
'D10B A 10B
'D201 A 201
Step # &et IP addresses of the 'Ds! +or details" see (!2!3!3 &etting Co//uniation Para/eters of an
'D!
N: IP Address Subnet .as, De8ault
Gate7ay
'D101 10!0!0!101 2((!2((!2((!0 0!0!0!0 (default
0alue)
'D102 10!0!0!102 2((!2((!2((!0 0!0!0!0 (default
0alue)
'D103 10!0!0!103 2((!2((!2((!0 0!0!0!0 (default
0alue)
'D10@ 10!0!0!10@ 2((!2((!2((!0 0!0!0!0 (default
0alue)
'D10B 10!0!0!10B 2((!2((!2((!0 0!0!0!0 (default
0alue)
'D201 10!0!0!201 2((!2((!2((!0 11!0!0!1
Step % Configure ,CCs of the 'Ds! +or details" see (!2!3!@ Configuring ,CCs!
&et the protool type that the ,CC uses to >"ECC for all the line ports of the 'Ds!
&et the hannel type to ,1.,( for all the &,H ports on the 'Ds!
Step & Euery DCC routes at 'D101 and 'D201! +or details" see (!2!3!* Euerying DCC 2outes!
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-t 'D101" you an 6uery the routes to 'D102" 'D103" 'D10@" and 'D10B!
-t 'D201" you an 6uery the routes to 'D202" 'D203" and 'D20@!
....Ed
2+& IP over DCC Solution
In the IP o0er ,CC solution" the 'Ds use unified ,CCs to trans/it the data of the TCP)IP
protool! In this /anner" the '4& an /anage 'Ds! The IP o0er ,CC solution is applia.le
to a networ9 that is o/prised of the $pti% trans/ission e6uip/ent and the third-party
e6uip/ent that supports the IP o0er ,CC funtion! This solution is also applia.le to a
networ9 that is o/prised of only the $pti% trans/ission e6uip/ent!
2+&+# Introduction
This topi desri.es the .asi onepts and networ9ing of the IP o0er ,CC solution!
2+&+#+# )asic Concepts
The IP o0er ,CC solution supports the sta9ing of the TCP)IP protool on the ,CC!
,CCs are used to trans/it the $-4 infor/ation .etween trans/ission e6uip/ent! The
protool sta9s used in the ,CC o//uniation .y different 0endors are not fully o/pati.le
(for e;a/ple" the $pti% e6uip/ent uses the HCDCC proprietary protool)! Therefore"
additional o0erheads or ser0ie resoures are oupied for transparent trans/ission of ,CC
infor/ation in the networ9ing in0ol0ing e6uip/ent fro/ different 0endors! The IP o0er ,CC
solution" howe0er" supports the TCP)IP protool without oupying additional o0erheads or
ser0ie resoures! If the e6uip/ent of other 0endors supports IP o0er ,CC" the /anage/ent
hannels an .e interonneted!
IP over DCC Protocol Stac,
The IP o0er ,CC protool onsists of fi0e layers" as shown in the following figure!
Figure 1.1 -rhiteture of the IP o0er ,CC protool sta9
OS:F
'C:/0D:
2:
5ternet
'ransport (a#er
Net%or- (a#er
:#sica( (a#er
:::
Data (in- (a#er
Routin) protoco(
DCC
Physial layer
The /ain funtion of the physial layer is to pro0ide hannels for data trans/ission
.etween the data end e6uip/ent!
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Physial hannels are lassified into the following types7
N ,CC hannel7 The ,CC .ytes in &,H fra/es or the <CC .ytes in $T' fra/es are
used as the hannels for the o//uniation .etween 'Ds!
N Dthernet physial hannel7 The 'D pro0ides the Dthernet physial hannel through
the Dthernet '4 port or the 'D asading port!
,ata lin9 layer
The /ain funtion of the data lin9 layer is to pro0ide relia.le data trans/ission on
physial lin9s!
In the ase of ,CCs" the 'D adopts the PPP protool to reali8e the data lin9 layer
funtion! The PPP protool o/plies with 2+C 1BB1!
'etwor9 layer
N The /ain funtion of the networ9 layer is to speify the networ9 layer address for a
networ9 entity and to pro0ide the transferring and addressing funtions!
N The 'D adopts the IP and the /apping -2P and IC4P protools to pro0ide the
networ9 layer funtions!
Transport layer
ser0ie for the upper layer! The 'D supports the onnetion-oriented TCP and the
onnetionless-oriented 5,P!
2outing protools
2outing protools .elong to the sope of the appliation layer! =y default" the 'D uses
the $pen &hortest Path +irst ($&P+) protool!
The $&P+ protool is a dyna/i routing protool that is .ased on the lin9 state! The
$&P+ protool di0ides an autono/ous syste/ into se0eral areas! 2oute nodes e;hange
routing infor/ation in an area! The route nodes at the edge of an area /a9e su//ary and
e;hange infor/ation with the routers in other areas! -reas are identified .y area I,s!
The area I, has the sa/e for/at as the IP address!
Currently" the $&P+ protool used .y the $pti% e6uip/ent supports only the routes
within an area" .ut does not support the routes .etween areas! Hene" the gateway 'D
and all its /anaged non-gateway 'Ds /ust .e in the sa/e $&P+ area! =y default" the
$&P+ protool is ena.led on the line port of the $pti% e6uip/ent .ut the $&P+ protool
is disa.led on the Dthernet port! Therefore" to for/ a networ9 through Dthernet ports"
you need to /odify the $&P+ setting of the 'D!
In addition to the dyna/i routing protool" the 'D supports stati routes! &tati routes
are /anually onfigured routes! &tati routes ha0e a higher priority than dyna/i routes!
Chen there is a route onflit" the e6uip/ent first selets stati routes!
Access .odes
In the IP o0er ,CC solution" there are two /odes for the '4& to aess an 'D" na/ely"
gateway /ode and diret onnetion /ode!
<ateway /ode
In the gateway /ode" the '4& /anages a non-gateway 'D through the gateway 'D!
The gateway 'D 6ueries the ore routing ta.le of the appliation layer aording to the
I, of the 'D to .e aessed to o.tain the orresponding route!
The ore routing ta.le synthesi8es the transport layer routing ta.les of all o//uniation
protool sta9s! Dah entry inludes the following ite/s7
N I, of the destination 'D
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N -ddress of the transfer 'D
N Co//uniation protool sta9 used .y the transfer 'D
N Transfer distane
,iret onnetion /ode
In the diret onnetion /ode" the '4& aesses an 'D .y 6uerying its IP address! To
aess an 'D" enter the IP address of the 'D on the '4&! This /ethod" howe0er" re6uest
you to add stati routes or the default gateway on the '4& and the 'D to .e aessed! In
diretion onnetion /ode" all transfer 'Ds on the aess path 6uery the IP routing ta.le
of the networ9 layer aording to the IP address of the 'D to .e aessed to o.tain the
orresponding route!
The IP routing ta.le is .ased on routing protools! It inludes .oth dyna/i routes
generated .y routing protools and stati routes /anually onfigured! Dah entry
inludes the following ite/s7
N ,estination IP address
N &u.net /as9
N IP address of the gateway
N Interfae
3SP-
The $&P+ protool is a dyna/i routing protool that is .ased on the lin9 status! 'Ds update
their routing ta.les dyna/ially through the $&P+ protool! The $&P+ protool di0ides an
autono/ous do/ain into se0eral areas and updates the routes in the areas or .etween areas!
<enerally" the gateway 'D and the non-gateway 'Ds that are /anaged .y the gateway 'D are
in the sa/e $&P+ area!
2+&+#+% Net7or,in Application
The appliation of the IP protool helps to ahie0e the hy.rid networ9ing of Huawei
e6uip/ent and e6uip/ent of other 0endors! This topi desri.es the typial networ9ing /odes
of the ,C' .ased on the IP o0er ,CC protool!
Net7or, .anaement In8ormation Transparently Transmitted by
the Third'Party :Buipment
The networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation of the $pti% e6uip/ent is trans/itted transparently .y
the third-party e6uip/ent through IP o0er ,CC" as shown in +igure (-13!
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Figure 1.1 'etwor9 /anage/ent infor/ation transparently trans/itted .y the third-party
e6uip/ent (IP)
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
2: o/er DCC
Transparent Transmission o8 the Net7or, .anaement
In8ormation o8 the Third'Party :Buipment
The networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation of the third-party e6uip/ent is trans/itted
transparently through IP o0er ,CC .y the $pti% e6uip/ent" as shown in +igure (-1@!
Figure 1.1 Transparent trans/ission of the networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation of the third-party
e6uip/ent (IP)
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
2: o/er DCC
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
2+&+% Speci6cations
This setion lists the IP o0er ,CC solution speifiations that this produt supports (,CC is
the a..re0iated for/ of data o//uniations hannel)!
Copyright Huawei
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Item Speci6cations
D;tended DCC

'etwor9ing /odes7 diret onnetions using networ9 a.les" serial
onnetions using networ9 a.les" and hu. /ode
D;tended DCC /odes7 auto /ode and speified /ode
'etwor9 sale7 The total nu/.er of the ser0er and lients annot .e
greater than *! Chen the nu/.er is not greater than @" e;tended
DCC in auto /ode or speified /ode an .e used! Chen the nu/.er
is greater than @ .ut s/aller than *" e;tended DCC in speified /ode
is reo//ended!
'4& aess
/ode
<ateway aess /ode in whih the networ9 /anage/ent syste/
('4&) an aess a non-gateway 'D only through the gateway 'D
,C' su.net
sales
- ,C' su.net an ontain a /a;i/u/ of 200 'Ds! It is reo//ended
that a ,C' su.net ha0e a /a;i/u/ of 100 'Ds!
NOTE
- ring or hain ,C' su.net an ontain a /a;i/u/ of B@ 'Ds" whih is
deter/ined .y the ,C' route depth!
The preeding data applies to a ,C' su.net that has a /a;i/u/ of 10 ,C'
diretions! If a ,C' su.net has /ore than 10 ,C' diretions" disa.le ,C'
hannels in so/e diretions or ontat Huawei tehnial support engineers!
4a;i/u/
nu/.er of non-
gateway 'Ds
onneted to a
gateway 'D
- /a;i/u/ of 12* non-gateway 'Ds an .e onneted to a gateway
'D!
2+&+& Availability
The IP o0er ,CC funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and
software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
Copyright Huawei
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!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
&#1, 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
&#@,

$pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0
&#1E

$pti% $&' ((07
11002003C00"
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
C%# 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#B@& 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#1BE 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#B@, 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#@1$ 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
Remar,s
2+&+0 -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for IP o0er ,CC in the networ9
design phase!
The priniples in the networ9 design phase of IP o0er ,CC are as follows!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
')-
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5imitation Details
Remar,s
you o/.ine the IP o0er
,CC solution with other
solutions to .uild a networ9"
pay attention to the
following points7
The IP protool sta9 of

'Ds an o//uniate
with the HCDCC
protool sta9!
The IP protool sta9 of

'Ds annot
o//uniate with the
$&I protool sta9!
If ,CC .ytes are used to

networ9 /anage/ent
$pti% e6uip/ent for/s
a networ9 with the third-
party e6uip/ent" you an
adopt the IP protool
sta9 to /anage the
$pti% e6uip/ent! It is"
howe0er" reo//ended
that you use the HCDCC
protool!
Dntire feature The $pti% $&' (*0 does
not support $&I o0er ,CC!
')-
&,H ports!
in0ol0ed!
2+&+2 Principles
This topi desri.es how an 'D transfers /essages depending on the /ode in whih the '4&
aesses an 'D! The wor9ing priniples in different /odes 0ary slightly fro/ eah other!
Gate7ay .ode
+igure (-1( illustrates how the /essages originating fro/ the '4& are transferred to a non-
gateway 'D in the IP o0er ,CC solution" when the '4& adopts the gateway /ode to aess
the 'D!
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Figure 1.1 Cor9ing priniple of /essage transferring (gateway /ode)
DCC
:::
2:
5ternet
2:
'C:
.pp(ication
5ternet
2:
'C:
.pp(ication
DCC
:::
2:
'C:
DCC
:::
2:
'C:
.pp(ication
2! The gateway 'D e;trats the /essages fro/ the TCP)IP protool sta9 and reports the
3! The networ9 layer of the gateway 'D 6ueries the address of the destination 'D in the
o//uniation protool sta9 of the transfer 'D! -s shown in +igure (-1(" the transfer
'D uses the IP protool as the o//uniation protool" and therefore the gateway 'D
transfers the /essages to the transfer 'D through the IP protool sta9!
transfer 'D 6ueries the destination IP address of the pa9et! If the destination IP address
is not the 'D IP address of the loal station" the transfer 'D 6ueries the IP routing ta.le
aording to the destination IP address to o.tain the orresponding route" and then
transfers the pa9et!
the appliation layer through the transport layer .eause the destination IP address of the
pa9et is the 'D IP address of the loal station! The appliation layer funtions aording
to the /essage sent fro/ the '4&!
Direct Connection .ode
+igure (-1B illustrates how the /essages originating fro/ the '4& are transferred to a
destination 'D in the IP o0er ,CC solution" when the '4& adopts the diret onnetion
/ode to aess the 'D!
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Figure 1.1 Cor9ing priniple of /essage transferring (diret onnetion /ode)
DCC
:::
2:
5ternet
2:
'C:
.pp(ication
5ternet
2:
DCC
:::
DCC
:::
2:
'C:
.pp(ication
N>S 'ransfer N5 'ransfer N5 Destination N5
The original gateway 'D in the diret onnetion /ode funtions as an ordinary transfer 'D
and the /essage transferring is i/ple/ented at the networ9 layer! This is different fro/ the
gateway /ode!
2+&+4 Net7or, Plannin
Plan the para/eters of a ,C' .ased on the networ9 topology when you use the IP o0er ,CC
solution!
2+&+4+# Plannin Guidelines
This topi pro0ides guidelines on how to plan the IP o0er ,CC solution!
This topi fouses on the differenes .etween planning the IP o0er ,CC solution and
planning the HCDCC solution! +or the sa/e parts" suh as planning e;ternal ,C's" 'D I,s"
and gateway 'Ds" see (!2!B Planning <uidelines!
IP o0er ,CC is used to /anage 'Ds when the $pti% e6uip/ent interwor9s with the third-
party e6uip/ent that supports the IP o0er ,CC protool" or when only Huawei trans/ission
e6uip/ent is in0ol0ed in the networ9ing! The priniples for planning IP o0er ,CC are as
follows7
Chen the '4& is used to /anage 'Ds" the nu/.er of non-gateway 'Ds aessed
through one gateway 'D annot e;eed B@!
The gateway 'D and the non-gateway 'Ds that are /anaged .y the gateway 'D /ust .e
in the sa/e $&P+ area!
The nu/.er of 'Ds in an $&P+ area annot e;eed B@!
Plan stati routes when the '4& and the gateway 'D or the 'Ds that need to .e diretly
aessed .y the '4& annot .e interonneted through the dyna/i route at the networ9
layer!
Chen planning IP addresses" o/ply with the following priniples7
Dah 'D should .e onfigured with a uni6ue IP address!
Configure the IP addresses of standard lass -" =" or C for 'Ds! That is" the IP address of
an 'D ranges fro/ 1!0!0!1 to 223!2((!2((!2(@! The .roadast IP address" networ9 IP
address" and IP address suh as 123!;!;!;" howe0er" are e;luded! The su.net IP
addresses suh as 1A2!1B*!;!; and 1A2!1BA!;!; are also e;luded!
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The IP address is used together with the su.net /as9! The su.net /as9 of 0aria.le length
is supported!
Chen an 'D aesses the '4& .y using the stati routing protool" use different IP
su.nets for the gateway 'D and non-gateway 'Ds!
Two networ9s onneted through Dthernet /ust .e lassified into different IP su.nets to
ensure that all 'Ds an aess the '4& when the networ9 is di0ided into do/ains!
Chen planning ,CCs" o/ply with the following priniples7
If the networ9 is o/prised of only the $pti% e6uip/ent" it is reo//ended that you use
,1-,3 .ytes in &,H fra/es as ,CCs!
If the networ9 is o/prised of .oth the $pti% e6uip/ent and the third-party &,H
e6uip/ent" use the ,CC .ytes that are used .y the third-party e6uip/ent (for e;a/ple"
,1-,3 or ,@-,12 .ytes) as ,CCs!
2+&+4+% Plannin :9ample
This topi uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan the IP o0er ,CC solution!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing e;a/ple for the IP o0er ,CC solution
N5101
N5102
N510B
N5105
N510D
N5207
'ir!-part#
N>S
N5208
N>S
N5103
Fi$er Fi$er (in-
Net%or- ca$(e
2 >$it/s canne(
'ir!-part# trans"ission e?uip"ent
OptiX trans"ission e?uip"ent
Fui!%a# 2501 &u$
+igure (-1* shows a trans/ission networ9 that is o/prised of .oth $pti% e6uip/ent and the
third-party e6uip/ent that supports the IP o0er ,CC protool! The steps to plan the ,C' are
as follows7
1! &elet 'D101 that is the losest to the '4& as the gateway 'D!
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2! The third-party e6uip/ent uses the ,CC .ytes ,1-,3" and therefore you do not need to
/odify the ,CCs of the 'Ds!
3! -lloate I,s and IP addresses for all the 'Ds aording to the situation of the networ9!
The su.net /as9 of all the 'Ds is 2((!2((!0!0!
Figure 1.2 -lloation of I,s and IP addresses to all 'Ds
2: a!!ress
Gate%a#
100*1*0*100/1D
10*0*0*1/1D
10*0*0*100/1D
100*1*0*1/1D
30*0*0*2/1D
30*0*0*1/1D
30*0*0*3/1D
30*0*0*B/1D
9-102
100*0*0*102
0*0*0*0
9-103
100*0*0*103
0*0*0*0
9-10B
100*0*0*105
0*0*0*0
9-105
200*1*0*105
0*0*0*0
9-10D
200*1*0*10D
0*0*0*0
9-108
200*0*0*108
0*0*0*0
9-107
200*0*0*107
0*0*0*0
9-101
100*1*0*101
0*0*0*0
@! Plan IP routes!
N The nu/.er of 'Ds is s/aller than B@ and all the 'Ds support the $&P+ protool!
Therefore" onfigure all the 'Ds to the sa/e $&P+ area!
N The '4& and the gateway 'D ('D101) are in the sa/e Dthernet seg/ent! The
gateway 'D an o.tain the routes to all other 'Ds through the $&P+ protool!
Therefore" the '4& an aess any 'D in the gateway /ode" and you do not need to
set any route!
N -s there are routers .etween the third-party '4& and 'D101" only dyna/i routes
annot set up the onnetion .etween the third-party e6uip/ent and the '4&!
Therefore" set stati routes on 'D101" 'D102" the '4& ser0er" and the routers!
2+&+* Con6urin IP over DCC
Plan ,CC resoures properly aording to the onfiguration priniple of IP o0er ,CC and
onfigure IP o0er ,CC .y following the speified flow to ensure the effeti0e super0ision of
the '4& on the 'Ds!
2+&+*+# Con6uration -lo7
Configure the IP o0er ,CC solution in ertain steps!
+igure (-1A shows the onfiguration flow of the IP o0er ,CC solution!
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Figure 1.1 Configuration flow of the IP o0er ,CC solution
Start
Confi)ure DCCs for
N5s
2: static routes
re?uire!L
.!! 2: static routes
5n!
1
2
5
Kes
No
Cec- te 2: routes
of te )ate%a# N5
3
Fuer# te OS:F
protoco( statu
B
Confi)ure 2Ds an!
2: a!!resses for
N5s
Table 1.1 Configuration flow of the IP o0er ,CC solution
Number Description
1 Configure the networ9-wide data" inluding the 'D I,s and the 'D IP
addresses! In ertain ases" you need to set the su.net /as9s and default
gateways aording to the e;ternal ,C'!
The 'D I, and IP address are set when an 'D is reated! +or details" see
the Configuration Guide (#D Transport Domain)!
To hange the IP address of an 'D" see (!2!3!3 &etting Co//uniation

Para/eters of an 'D!
2

The ,CC protool type of the line port is set to 1)!
The ,CC hannel type of the &,H port /ust .e the sa/e as that of the
third-party e6uip/ent! If the networ9 is o/prised of only the $pti%
e6uip/ent" set the ,CC type to ,1.,(!

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Number Description
3

In nor/al situations" a gateway 'D has the routes to all the non-gateway
'Ds that are /anaged .y the gateway 'D and the route to the '4&!
+or details on how to 6uery the routes" see (!3!3!( Euerying IP 2outes!
@

If ertain routes are una0aila.le" ontat Huawei engineers to hange the
$&P+ protool para/eters used .y the 'Ds! 4a9e sure that the $&P+
funtion is a0aila.le to all the 'Ds!
+or details on how to 6uery the para/eters of the $&P+ protool" see
(!3!3!B Euerying the $&P+ Protool &tatus!
( -dd stati IP routes aording to (!3!3!* Configuring the IP &tati 2oute for
an 'D!
The '4& needs to aess the 'Ds on the entire networ9 through the
gateway 'D! In addition" the upper layer appliation re6uire/ent of
aessing re/ote 'Ds .ased on the IP networ9 layer needs to .e /et! To
/eet the preeding re6uire/ents" the pro;y -2P funtion /ust .e ena.led
on the gateway 'D and a stati route /ust .e onfigured on eah re/ote
'D to the '4&! +or details on how to ena.le pro;y -2P" see (!3!3!3
Dna.ling Pro;y -2P!
2+&+*+% Chanin the ID o8 an N:
PrereBuisites
Procedure
....Ed
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-ollo7'up Procedure
2+&+*+& Settin Communication Parameters o8 an N:
para/eters!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step % Cli9 A--l/!
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....Ed
2+&+*+0 Con6urin DCCs
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
+untion Tree!
2! Cli9 A--l/!
2! Cli9 A--l/!
1! Cli9 Create!
3! Cli9 OK!
....Ed
1(&,H-1)
onfigured!
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Channel ,1-,3" ,@-,12
type!

C$ael of &,H line
Chen the ,CC

solution is used"
C$ael of &,H line
,efault 0alue7 $&I
Chen the HCDCC

)rotocol T/-e to
>"ECC!



the e6uip/ent
party networ9!
O%1!
O%1!
at the other end!
#-P, 4T5 (12-1(3@
,efault 0alue7 1(12
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the #-P, 4T5!
O%1!
Control ,o/ain
,o/ain
infor/ation to .e
hannel .ytes!

to Maagemet
,omai" ,CC hannel
/anage/ent
infor/ation!

to Cotrol ,omai"
infor/ation!
2+&+*+2 <ueryin IP Routes
=y 6uerying IP routes" you an 0erify whether the onfiguration of IP o0er ,CC is orret and
PrereBuisites
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the desired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree! Choose Commuicatio > 1) )rotocol %tac*
Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the 1) 2oute Maagemet ta.!
Step # Che9 whether the para/eters in the routing ta.le are the sa/e as the planning infor/ation!
....Ed
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2+&+*+4 <ueryin the 3SP- Protocol Status
Dna.le the $&P+ protool so that the routing infor/ation on the gateway 'D an .e
auto/atially diffused to other 'Ds!
PrereBuisites
Conte9t
The $&P+ protool is ena.led .y default!
Procedure
Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the O%)F )arameter %ettigs ta.!
Step # Cli9 +uer/ to he9 whether the $&P+ protool status is ena.led!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
If para/eters of the $&P+ protool are inorret" ontat Huawei engineers to hange the
$&P+ protool para/eters used .y the 'Ds!
2+&+*+* :nablin Pro9y ARP
Oou an ena.le pro;y -2P for a gateway 'D if the gateway 'D and the 52000 are in the
sa/e networ9 seg/ent" so that the data fro/ the 52000 an .e trans/itted to a speified 'D!
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PrereBuisites
Oou /ust .e an '4 user with ?'D ad/inistrator? authority or higher!
Chen the following onditions are /et" you need to ena.le pro;y -2P on the gateway 'D7
The 52000 and the gateway 'D are diretly onneted through a #-'I the IP addresses of the
52000 and the gateway 'D are in the sa/e networ9 seg/entI the re/ote 'Ds are onneted
to the gateway 'D through fi.ersI the IP addresses of the re/ote 'Ds" the gateway 'D" and
the 52000 are in the sa/e su.netI there are the re6uire/ents that the 52000 aesses the 'Ds
on the entire networ9 through the gateway 'D and the upper layer appliation re6uire/ent of
aessing re/ote 'Ds .ased on the IP networ9 layer!
Procedure
Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the )rox/ A2) ta.!
Step # O-tioal= Cli9 +uer/!
Step % ,ou.le-li9 'alue and selet Eabled fro/ the drop-down list!
Step & Cli9 A--l/! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 Close!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
-fter you ena.le pro;y -2P" you need to reate a stati route for eah 'D to the 52000!
2+&+*+1 Con6urin the IP Static Route 8or an N:
Chen dyna/i routes fail to /eet the planning re6uire/ents" /anually reate the
orresponding stati IP routes!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the 1) 2oute Maagemet ta.!
Step # Cli9 New!
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Step % In the Create a 1) 2oute dialog .o; that is displayed" set the para/eters of the stati IP
route!
Step & Cli9 OK!
....Ed
2+&+1 Application :9ample 8or !ybrid Net7or,in
)ased on IP over DCC
This topi uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the IP o0er ,CC solution!
This topi uses the planning para/eters of the e;a/ple in (!3!B 'etwor9 Planning!
This e;a/ple pro0ides only the onfigurations of the typial 'Ds7 'D101" 'D102" 'D10(" and
'D10B!
The following steps are pro0ided to onfigure the funtions one .y one! This is for on0eniene of
desription! In an atual onfiguration" perfor/ the onfiguration for the 'Ds one .y one!
Procedure
&et the I,s of the 'Ds! +or details" see the Configuration Guide (#D Transport Domain)!
'D101 A 101
'D102 A 102
'D10( A 10(
'D10B A 10B
Step # &et the IP address infor/ation for the 'Ds! +or details" see the Configuration Guide (#D
Transport Domain)!
Gate7ay
'D101 100!1!0!101 2((!2((!2((!0 0!0!0!0 (default
0alue)
'D102 100!0!0!102 2((!2((!2((!0 0!0!0!0 (default
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Gate7ay
0alue)
'D10( 200!1!0!10( 2((!2((!2((!0 0!0!0!0 (default
0alue)
'D10B 200!1!0!10B 2((!2((!2((!0 0!0!0!0 (default
0alue)
Step % &et the ,CCs for the 'Ds! +or details" see (!2!3!@ Configuring ,CCs!
&et the ,CC protool type of all the line ports of all 'Ds to 1) (default 0alue)!
&et the hannel type of all &,H /irowa0e ports of all 'Ds to ,1.,(!
Step & Euery the IP routes of 'D101! +or details" see (!3!3!( Euerying IP 2outes!
The IP address of eah non-gateway 'D (for e;a/ple" 100!0!0!102" 200!1!0!10(" and
200!1!0!10B) /ust ha0e orresponding IP routes!
The IP address of the 52000 ser0er (10!1!0!100) /ust ha0e orresponding routes!
The IP address of the third-party e6uip/ent (for e;a/ple" 30!0!0!@) /ust ha0e
orresponding IP routes!
If ertain routes are una0aila.le" ontat Huawei engineers to hange the para/eters of the $&P+
protool used .y the 'Ds!
Step 0 &et an IP stati route at .oth 'D101 and 'D102! +or details" see (!3!3!* Configuring the IP
&tati 2oute for an 'D!
The para/eters of the IP stati route at 'D101 are as follows7
N ,estination address7 10!0!0!0
N &u.net /as97 2((!2((!0!0
N <ateway7 100!1!0!1
The para/eters of the IP stati route at 'D102 are as follows7
N ,estination address7 10!0!0!0
N &u.net /as97 2((!2((!0!0
N <ateway7 100!1!0!101
&et the orresponding route on .oth the '4& of the third-party e6uip/ent and the router!
....Ed
Result
The 52000 and all the 'Ds an ping eah other suessfully!
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2+0 3SI over DCC Solution
In the $&I o0er ,CC solution" 'Ds use unified ,CCs to trans/it the data of the $&I protool!
In this /anner" the '4& an /anage 'Ds! The $&I o0er ,CC solution is applia.le to a
networ9 that is o/prised of the $pti% e6uip/ent and the third-party e6uip/ent that supports
the $&I o0er ,CC funtion!
2+0+# Introduction
This topi desri.es the .asi onepts and networ9ing of the $&I o0er ,CC solution!
2+0+#+# )asic Concepts
The $&I o0er ,CC solution supports the sta9ing of the $&I protool on the ,CC!
The ,CC is used to trans/it the $-4 infor/ation .etween trans/ission e6uip/ent! ,ue to
history reasons" the protool sta9s used in the ,CC o//uniation .etween e6uip/ent fro/
different 0endors are not fully o/pati.le (for e;a/ple" Huawei e6uip/ent uses the HCDCC
proprietary protool)! Therefore" additional o0erheads or ser0ie resoures are oupied for
transparent trans/ission of ,CC infor/ation in the networ9ing of e6uip/ent fro/ different
0endors! The $&I o0er ,CC solution" howe0er" supports the $&I protool without oupying
additional o0erheads or ser0ie resoures! If the e6uip/ent of other 0endors supports $&I
o0er ,CC" the /anage/ent hannels an .e interonneted!
3SI over DCC Protocol Stac,
The $&I o0er ,CC protool onsists of fi0e layers" in whih the session layer" representation
layer" and appliation layer are unified as the appliation layer and use proprietary protools"
as shown in +igure (-20!
Figure 1.1 -rhiteture of the $&I o0er ,CC protool sta9
F3/>>,/S<D,
':B
2S-2S/5S-2S/C,N:
5ternet
'ransport (a#er
Net%or- (a#er
:#sica( (a#er
,.:D
DCC
.pp(ication (a#er
Data (in- (a#er
Physical 5ayer
The /ain funtion of the physial layer is to pro0ide hannels for data trans/ission .etween
the data end e6uip/ent!
Physial hannels are lassified into the following types7
,CC hannel
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,CC hannels use the ,CC .ytes in &,H fra/es or the <CC .ytes in $T' fra/es as
the hannels for o//uniation .etween 'Ds!
Dthernet physial hannel
The 'D pro0ides the Dthernet physial hannel through the Dthernet '4 port or the 'D
asading port!
Data 5in, 5ayer
The /ain funtion of the data lin9 layer is to pro0ide relia.le data trans/ission on physial
lin9s!
In the ase of ,CCs" the 'D adopts the #-P, protool to pro0ide the data lin9 layer funtion!
The #-P, protool o/plies with IT5-T E!A21!
Chen the #-P, protool is used" you /ust set the #-P, role! In the ase of the two ends of
a ,CC" set the #-P, role to ?networ9? at one end and to ?user? at the other end!
Net7or, 5ayer
The /ain funtion of the networ9 layer is to speify the networ9 layer address for a networ9
entity and to pro0ide the transferring and addressing funtions!
The 'D adopts the I&$-defined onnetionless networ9 ser0ie (C#'&) to pro0ide the
networ9 layer funtion! The C#'& is o/prised of the following three protools7
Connetionless networ9 protool (C#'P)
The C#'P protool o/plies with I&$ *@33! It has funtions si/ilar to the IP protool
in the TCP)IP protool sta9! In the C#'P protool" the networ9 ser0ie aess point
('&-P) wor9s as the networ9 layer address!
The '&-P funtions as the IP address in the IP protool! +igure (-21 shows the for/at
of the '&-P address!
Figure 1.1 +or/at of the '&-P address
3 B 5 D 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1B 15 1D 17 18 19 2 1 20
.rea a!!ress
&i)er or!er DS:
2D: DS:
S#ste" 2D
.F2 2D2Ipa! DF2 ORG R5S RD .rea
NS5,
The 'D uses the si/plified '&-P address! The si/plified '&-P address inludes only
the following parts7
N -rea I,
The area I, refers to the area address shown in +igure (-21 and has 1-13 .ytes! The
area I, is used to address the routes .etween areas! The '&-Ps of the 'Ds in the
sa/e #1 route area /ust ha0e the sa/e area I, .ut those in the sa/e #2 route area
an ha0e different area I,s! Oou an /anually set the area I,! The default 0alue of
the area I, is 0;@3000@000B0001!
N &O& I,
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The &O& I, refers to the syste/ I, shown in +igure (-21 and has B .ytes! The &O&
I, is used to address the routes within an area! The 0alue of the first three .ytes of
the &O& I, of the $pti% e6uip/ent is always 0;0*003D! The last three .ytes are the
'D I,!
N '&D#
The '&D# refers to the port I, of the networ9 layer protool! It has one .yte! The
'&D# of the $pti% e6uip/ent is always 0;1,!
I&-I& protool
In the C#'&" 'Ds are lassified into the inter/ediate syste/ (I&) and the end syste/
(D&) aording to the 'D role! The I& is e6ui0alent to the router in the TCP)IP protool
sta9 and the D& is e6ui0alent to the host!
The I&-I& protool is a dyna/i routing protool .etween I&s! It o/plies with I&$
10(*A and funtions as the $&P+ protool in the TCP)IP protool sta9! The I&-I&
protool supports the #1 and #2 layered routes! The 'D whose role is #1 annot .e a
neigh.or of an 'D in a different area and is in0ol0ed only in the routes in its own area! It
issues a default route that points to its losest #2 'D and /anages other areas through
the default route! The 'D whose role is #2 an .e a neigh.or of the #2 'D in a different
area and an also .e in0ol0ed in the routes in the .a9.one area! The .a9.one area is
for/ed .y onseuti0e #2 'Ds! In other words" the #2 'Ds in the .a9.one area /ust .e
onseuti0e (onneted)! In the networ9 as shown in +igure (-22" as the #2 'Ds in the
.a9.one area are not onseuti0e" the 'Ds in area @ are isolated fro/ the 'Ds in other
areas! =y default" the role of the $pti% e6uip/ent is #1!
Figure 1.2 #ayered routes of I&-I& protool routes (#2 not onseuti0e)
.rea 1
.rea 3
.rea B
.rea 2
,2
7ac-$one
,1 OS2 DCN
N>S
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#2 'Ds are lassified into two types" the 'D with only the #2 role and the 'D with .oth the #2 role and
the #1 role! <enerally" an #2 'D plays the #1 role!
D&-I& protool
The D&-I& protool is a dyna/i routing protool .etween the D& and the I&! It o/plies
with I&$ A(@2 and funtions as the -2P and IC4P protools in the TCP)IP protool
sta9!
Transport layer
The /ain funtion of the transport layer is to pro0ide the end-to-end o//uniation ser0ie
for the upper layer! The 'D adopts the TP@ protool to pro0ide the transport layer funtion!
The TP@ protool o/plies with I&$ *033! It has funtions si/ilar to the TCP in the TCP)IP
protool sta9!
Access .ode
In the $&I o0er ,CC solution" there are two /odes for the '4& to aess an 'D" na/ely"
gateway /ode and diret onnetion /ode!
<ateway /ode
In the gateway /ode" the '4& /anages a non-gateway 'D through the gateway 'D!
The gateway 'D 6ueries the ore routing ta.le of the appliation layer aording to the
I, of the 'D to .e aessed to o.tain the orresponding route!
protool sta9s! Dah entry inludes the following ite/s7
N I, of the destination 'D
N -ddress of the transfer 'D
N Co//uniation protool sta9 used .y the transfer 'D
N Transfer distane
,iret onnetion /ode
In the diret onnetion /ode" the '4& aesses an 'D onsidering it as the gateway
'D! -ll transfer 'Ds on the aess path 6uery the #1 routing ta.le and #2 routing ta.le
of the networ9 layer aording to the '&-P address of the 'D to .e aessed to o.tain
the orresponding route!
The #1 routing ta.le and the #2 routing ta.le are .ased on the I&-I& protool!
Dah entry in the #1 routing ta.le inludes the following ite/s7
N ,estination syste/ I,
N Cost
N -d:aeny nu/.er
Dah route entry in the #2 routing ta.le inludes the following ite/s7
N ,estination area I,
N Cost
N -d:aeny nu/.er
The ad:aeny nu/.er is the I, of an #-P, onnetion! Oou an 6uery the lin9 ad:aeny ta.le of the
data lin9 layer to o.tain the /apping relationship .etween the ad:aeny nu/.er and the #-P,
onnetion!
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In the $&I o0er ,CC solution" the '4& an aess any 'D .y using the diret
onnetion /ode" that is" the '4& an onsider any 'D as the gateway 'D! To i/pro0e
the o//uniation effiieny" there an only .e a li/ited nu/.er of 'Ds that are
aessed in the diret onnetion /ode on a networ9!
5APD Role o8 an 3ptical Inter8ace
The ,CCs of the optial interfaes of the $&I protool sta9 o/ply with the #-P, protool
defined in E!A21! Oou need to set the #-P, roles for the interonneted optial interfaes!
$ne needs to .e set to ?networ9? and the other needs to .e set to ?user?! The interonneted
optial interfaes refer to the optial interfae on the e6uip/ent and that on the interonneted
e6uip/ent! 2egardless whether the e6uip/ent interonneted with Huawei e6uip/ent or
e6uip/ent of other 0endors" onfigure the e6uip/ent aording to the onfiguration of the
TP0 Protocol
The TP@ protool is loated at the transport layer of the $&I protool sta9! The funtion of
the TP@ protool is si/ilar to the funtion of the TCP protool in the IP protool fa/ily!
Through the TP@ protool" a relia.le o//uniation onnetion .etween two nodes an .e
esta.lished to proess the pro.le/s" suh as loss" repetition" and :uggling of data pa9ets
aused .y networ9 faults!
2+0+#+% Net7or,in Application
The $&I o0er ,CC protool is used in the hy.rid networ9ing of Huawei e6uip/ent and other
e6uip/ent that supports the $&I protool! This topi desri.es the typial networ9ing /odes
of the ,C' .ased on the $&I o0er ,CC protool!
Net7or, .anaement In8ormation Transparently Transmitted by
the Third'Party :Buipment
The networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation of the $pti% e6uip/ent an .e transparently
trans/itted .y the third-party e6uip/ent through $&I o0er ,CC" if the third-party e6uip/ent
is loated .etween sets of the $pti% e6uip/ent! -s shown in +igure (-23" Huawei e6uip/ent
is loated at the networ9 edge" and the third-party e6uip/ent is loated on the .a9.one
networ9! The networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation .etween Huawei '4& and e6uip/ent needs
to .e forwarded .y the third-party e6uip/ent! In this ase" at least one gateway 'D /ust .e
used in eah su.net for/ed .y Huawei e6uip/ent!
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Figure 1.1 'etwor9 /anage/ent infor/ation transparently trans/itted .y the third-party
e6uip/ent ($&I)
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
OS2 o/er DCC
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
OS2
protoca( stac-
OS2
protoca( stac-
OS2
protoca( stac-
Transparent Transmission o8 the Net7or, .anaement
In8ormation o8 the Third'Party :Buipment
The networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation of the third-party e6uip/ent an .e transparently
trans/itted .y the $pti% e6uip/ent" if the $pti% e6uip/ent is loated .etween sets of the
third-party e6uip/ent! -s shown in +igure (-2@" Huawei e6uip/ent is loated on the
.a9.one networ9" and the third-party e6uip/ent is loated at the networ9 edge! The
/anage/ent infor/ation .etween the third-party '4& and the third-party e6uip/ent needs to
.e forwarded .y Huawei e6uip/ent!
In pratial appliation" the networ9ing is /ore o/ple;" and hy.rid networ9ing of e6uip/ent fro/
different 0endors at the networ9 edge and on the .a9.one networ9 is fre6uently adopted!
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Figure 1.1 Transparent trans/ission of the networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation of the third-party
e6uip/ent ($&I)
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
OS2 o/er DCC
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
OS2
protoca( stac-
OS2
protoca( stac-
OS2
protoca( stac-
2+0+% Availability
The $&I o0er ,CC funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and
software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
&#1, 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
&#@, 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
&#1E 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
C%# 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
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Remar,s
2+0+& -eature Dependencies and 5imitations
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for $&I o0er ,CC in the networ9
design phase!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
you o/.ine the $&I o0er
,CC solution with other
solutions to .uild a networ9"
pay attention to the
following points7
The $&I protool sta9 of

'Ds an o//uniate
with the HCDCC
protool sta9 only in the
sa/e area of the #1
layer!
The $&I protool sta9 of

'Ds annot
o//uniate with the IP
protool sta9!
If ,CC .ytes are used to

networ9 /anage/ent
$pti% e6uip/ent is used
together with the third-
party e6uip/ent to for/
a networ9" you an adopt
the $&I protool sta9 to
/anage the $pti%
e6uip/ent! It is"
howe0er" reo//ended
that you use the HCDCC
protool!
')-
')-
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5imitation Details
Remar,s
&,H ports!
2+0+0 Principles
This topi desri.es how an 'D transfers /essages depending on the /ode in whih the '4&
aesses an 'D! The wor9ing priniples in different /odes 0ary slightly fro/ eah other!
Gate7ay .ode
+igure (-2( illustrates how the /essages originating fro/ the '4& are transferred to a non-
gateway 'D in the IP o0er ,CC solution" when the '4& adopts the gateway /ode to aess
the 'D!
Figure 1.1 Cor9ing priniple of /essage transferring (gateway /ode)
5ternet
5S-2S/C,N:
':B
.pp(ication
5ternet
5S-2S/C,N:
':B
.pp(ication
DCC
,.:D
2S-2S/C,N:
DCC
,.:D
2S-2S/C,N:
':B
.pp(ication
':B
DCC
,.:D
2S-2S/C,N:
1! -s an D&" the '4& first detets the gateway 'D through the D&-I& routing protool"
esta.lishes a TP@ onnetion" and finally transfers appliation layer /essages to the
gateway 'D through the TP@ onnetion!
2! The gateway 'D e;trats the /essages fro/ the $&I protool sta9 and reports the
3! The networ9 layer of the gateway 'D 6ueries the address of the destination 'D in the
o//uniation protool sta9 of the transfer 'D! -s shown in +igure (-2(" the transfer
'D uses the $&I protool as the o//uniation protool" and therefore the gateway 'D
transfers the /essages to the transfer 'D through the $&I protool sta9!
transfer 'D 6ueries the destination '&-P address of the pa9et! If the '&-P address is
not the sa/e as the address of the loal station" the transfer 'D 6ueries the #1 routing
ta.le or the #2 routing ta.le aording to the destination '&-P address to o.tain the
orresponding route" and then transfers the pa9et!
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the appliation layer through the transport layer .eause the destination '&-P address of
the pa9et is the sa/e as the address of the loal station! The appliation layer funtions
aording to the /essage sent fro/ the '4&!
Direct Connection .ode
+igure (-2B illustrates how the /essages originating fro/ the '4& are transferred to a
destination 'D in the $&I o0er ,CC solution" when the '4& adopts the diret onnetion
/ode to aess the 'D!
Figure 1.1 Cor9ing priniple of /essage transferring (diret onnetion /ode)
5ternet
5S-2S/C,N:
':B
.pp(ication
5ternet
2S-2S/5S-2S/C,N:
DCC
,.:D
DCC
,.:D
2S-2S/C,N:
':B
.pp(ication
N>S 'ransfer N5 'ransfer N5 Destination N5
DCC
,.:D
2S-2S/C,N:
The original gateway 'D in the diret onnetion /ode funtions as an ordinary transfer 'D
and the /essage transferring is i/ple/ented at the networ9 layer! This is different fro/ the
gateway /ode!
2+0+2 Net7or, Plannin
Plan the para/eters of a ,C' .ased on the situation of the networ9 when you use the $&I
o0er ,CC solution!
2+0+2+# Plannin Guidelines
This topi pro0ides guidelines on how to plan the $&I o0er ,CC solution!
This topi fouses on the differenes .etween planning the $&I o0er ,CC solution and
planning the HCDCC solution! +or the sa/e parts" suh as planning 'D I,s and ,C's" see
(!2!B Planning <uidelines!
Chen planning the $&I o0er ,CC" o/ply with the following priniples7
$nly the node at the end of a networ9 an .e onfigured as an D&! #i/ited routing
funtions of an D& affet su.se6uent networ9 e;pansion! Therefore" it is not suggested
that you onfigure the e6uip/ent as an D&! The '4& wor9s as an D&!
#1-I& is the default node type of Huawei $pti% e6uip/ent! It supports only intra-area
routing (#e0el 1 routing)!
If inter-area routing (#e0el 2 routing) is re6uired" set the networ9 node type of the
e6uip/ent to #2-I&! #2-I& /aintains two routing ta.les at the sa/e ti/e7 one is used for
intra-area routing and the other for inter-area routing!
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The $pti% e6uip/ent supports I&-I& #e0el 2 routing! Chen the $&I o//uniation
protool is used" you need to di0ide the networ9 into areas aording to the networ9 si8e!
The nu/.er of areas" also the nu/.er of #e0el 2 'Ds" on the entire ,C' annot e;eed
32! - gateway 'D is a #e0el 2 'D! The nu/.er of #e0el 1 'Ds that a gateway 'D ha0e
annot e;eed 32!
Configure the ,C' as a ring to ensure that routes an .e proteted when a fi.er is ut or
any ano/aly ours on the 'D!
Chen the $pti% e6uip/ent interwor9s with the third-party e6uip/ent" o/ply with the
design priniples for the third-party e6uip/ent as well during networ9 planning!
Chen planning '&-P area addresses and layered routes" o/ply with the following
priniples7
The $&I protool supports layered routing funtion! It uses the &O& I, of the syste/ to
i/ple/ent intra-area routing" and uses the -2D- I, to i/ple/ent inter-area routing! In the
,C' planning" di0ide the networ9 into areas properly and deter/ine the nu/.er of 'Ds in
eah area aording to the networ9 topology!
If the nu/.er of 'Ds on a networ9 is s/aller than 32" you do not need to di0ide the networ9
into areas! In this ase" set the node type of all 'Ds to #1-I&" and set the -2D- I,s in the
'&-P area addresses of all 'Ds to the sa/e 0alue!
In the ase of a large-sale networ9" o/ply with the following priniples to di0ide the
networ97
,i0ide the ,C' into se0eral areas to /anage!
&et se0eral 'Ds in eah area to #2-I&! Two 'Ds in eah area are reo//ended .eause
the two an pro0ide .a9up for eah other!
$n the ,C'" all #2 e6uip/ent /ust .e arranged in a ontinuous /anner!
Chen planning gateway 'Ds" o/ply with the following priniples7
Chen $&I o0er ,CC is used to set up a ,C'" the TP@ onnetion is re6uired .etween
the '4& and the gateway 'D! The /anage/ent data that the '4& sends to non-
gateway 'Ds is forwarded .y the gateway 'D! Chen reating a gateway 'D on the
'4&" enter the 'D I, and the '&-P address! Chen reating a non-gateway 'D" enter
the 'D I, and speify a gateway 'D for the 'D!
Chen all nodes on the ,C' run the $&I protool sta9" do not onfigure all 'Ds as
gateway 'Ds! Configure ertain 'Ds as gateway 'Ds! Configure the other 'Ds as non-
gateway 'Ds and speify a gateway 'D for these non-gateway 'Ds! The nu/.er of non-
gateway 'Ds under one gateway 'D annot e;eed 32! $therwise" the gateway 'D is
o0erloaded" and the perfor/ane of the '4& delines!
Configure an 'D that is lose to the '4& as a gateway 'D! In this ase" the
o//uniation .etween the '4& and the gateway 'D re6uires fewer o0erheads and
pro0ides higher effiieny!
Chen a networ9 is di0ided to support layered routes" onfigure one or se0eral 'Ds in
eah area as gateway 'Ds! Chen a non-gateway 'D is reated" speify a gateway 'D in
the loal area for the 'D!
To ensure a relia.le o//uniation .etween the '4& and the non-gateway 'D" a
.a9up gateway 'D is generally speified for a non-gateway 'D!
If the networ9 is o/prised of only the $pti% e6uip/ent" it is reo//ended that you use
,1-,3 .ytes in &,H fra/es as ,CCs!
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If the networ9 is o/prised of .oth the $pti% e6uip/ent and the third-party &,H
e6uip/ent" use the ,CC .ytes that are used .y the third-party e6uip/ent (for e;a/ple"
,1-,3 or ,@-,12 .ytes) as ,CCs!
+or the two ends of a ,CC" set the #-P, role to #ser at one end and to Networ* at the
other end!
2+0+2+% Plannin :9ample
This topi uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan the $&I o0er ,CC solution!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing e;a/ple for the $&I o0er ,CC solution
Fi$er Fi$er (in-
N5101
N5102
N5301
N5302 N5303
'ir!-part#
N>S
N>S
N530B
OS2 DCN
Net%or- ca$(e
N5201
N5202
+igure (-23 shows a trans/ission networ9 that is o/prised of .oth $pti% e6uip/ent and the
third-party e6uip/ent that supports the $&I o0er ,CC protool! The steps to plan the ,C'
are as follows7
1! Plan networ9 areas aording to the situation of the networ9!
Considering the nu/.er of the 'Ds" di0ide the entire ,C' into three areas to ensure that
the nu/.er of the 'Ds in eah area is s/aller than 32! In addition" set the four 'Ds on
the entral ring as #2 'Ds to ensure that eah area has an #2 'D and the #2 'Ds are
onseuti0e!
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Figure 1.2 -lloation of 'D areas
.R5. 2D6 0339BF1190 .R5. 2D6 0339BF1210
.R5. 2D6 0339BF1200
.rea 1
.rea 2
.rea 3
'ir!-part#
N>S
N>S
OS2 DCN
,2
,2
,2
,2
2! &elet the gateway 'D!
&elet 'D101" 'D201" and 'D301 as the gateway 'Ds to /anage the $pti% 'Ds in their
own areas!
3! &elet the router that supports the $&I protool sta9 to for/ the e;ternal ,C'!
@! Plan ,CCs!
N The third-party e6uip/ent uses the ,CC .ytes ,1-,3" and therefore you do not need
to /odify the ,CCs of the 'Ds!
N &et the #-P, role of eah ,CC to Networ* at the end nearer to the '4& and to
#ser at the other end of the ,CC!
2+0+4 Con6urin 3SI over DCC
Plan the ,CC resoure properly .ased on the onfiguration priniple of $&I o0er ,CC and
onfigure $&I o0er ,CC .y following the speified flow to ensure effeti0e super0ision of
the '4& on the 'Ds!
2+0+4+# Con6uration -lo7
Configure the $&I o0er ,CC solution in ertain steps!
+igure (-2A shows the onfiguration flow of the $&I o0er ,CC solution!
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Figure 1.1 Configuration flow of the $&I o0er ,CC solution
Confi)ure no!e
t#pes for N5s
Confi)ure
co""unication
protoco(s an! ,.:D
ro(es for optica(
interfaces
Create OS2 )ate%a#
N5s
D
Start
Confi)ure 2Ds an!
NS.: a!!resses
for N5s
Confi)ure DCCs for
N5s
5n!
1
2
3
B
Fuer# routin)
infor"ation
5
Table 1.1 Configuration flow of the $&I o0er ,CC solution
Remar,s Description
1 Configure the networ9-wide data" inluding the 'D I,s and the 'D '&-P
addresses!
The 'D I, is set when an 'D is reated! +or details" see the
Configuration Guide (#D Transport Domain)!
To onfigure the '&-P address of an 'D" see (!@!B!@ &etting the '&-P
-ddress of an 'D!
2 &et the ,CC protool type of the line port to O%1!
The ,CC hannel type of the port /ust .e the sa/e as that of the third-
party e6uip/ent! If the networ9 is o/prised of only the $pti%
e6uip/ent" set the ,CC type to ,1.,(!

3 &et the node type to D&" #1-I&" or #2-I& for an 'D aording to the networ9
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Remar,s Description
planning! +or details on the onfiguration flow" see (!@!B!B &etting the 'ode
Type for an 'D!
@

If the urrently ena.led protool is different fro/ the planned one" you
an onfigure the protool on the '4&!
In the ase of the two ends of a ,CC" set the #-P, role to #ser at one
end and to Networ* at the other end! +or details on the onfiguration
flow" see (!@!B!3 Configuring the Co//uniation Protool &ta9 and
#-P, 2ole for an $ptial Port!
(

The #1 routing ta.le of the #1 'D has the routes to all the 'Ds in the
area!
The #1 routing ta.le of the #2 'D has the routes to all the 'Ds in the
area! The #2 routing ta.le of the #2 'D has the routes to other #2 'Ds!
The gateway 'D has the route to the '4& or the routes to the #2 'Ds
that are in the sa/e area as the '4&!
The gateway 'D has the routes to all non-gateway 'Ds!
+or details on how to 6uery the routes" see (!@!B!* Euerying 2outing
Infor/ation!
B -fter the preeding o//uniation para/eters are onfigured and the
o//uniation .etween nodes is nor/al" reate the $&I gateway 'D
through the TP@ onnetion /ode .y using the '4&! +or details on the
onfiguration flow" see (!@!B!* Euerying 2outing Infor/ation!
2+0+4+% Chanin the ID o8 an N:
PrereBuisites
Procedure
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....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
2+0+4+& Settin Communication Parameters o8 an N:
para/eters!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
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Step % Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
2+0+4+0 Settin the NSAP Address o8 an N:
&et the '&-P area address of an 'D aording to the networ9ing planning! The '&-P area
addresses of the e6uip/ent in the sa/e #e0el 1 area /ust .e the sa/e! Oou an set the '&-P
address infor/ation on the 52000!
PrereBuisites
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Precautions
If the 52000 esta.lishes a TP@ onnetion with an 'D" the o//uniation .etween the 52000 and the
gateway 'D is interrupted after you /odify the '&-P area address that was pre0iously set aording to
networ9 planning! Therefore" you need to rereate the o//uniation! In this ase" you an use the
52000 to reate a TCP onnetion with an 'D" set the '&-P area address for the 'D" and then hange
the onnetion /ode .etween the 52000 and the 'D to TP@!
Procedure
Step # &et N%A) Address!
Step % Cli9 A--l/ and then li9 OK in the "arig dialog .o; that is displayed twie! In the
O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 Close!
....Ed
2+0+4+2 Con6urin DCCs
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PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
+untion Tree!
2! Cli9 A--l/!
2! Cli9 A--l/!
1! Cli9 Create!
3! Cli9 OK!
....Ed
1(&,H-1)
onfigured!
Channel ,1-,3" ,@-,12
type!

C$ael of &,H line
Chen the ,CC

solution is used"
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C$ael of &,H line
,efault 0alue7 $&I
Chen the HCDCC

)rotocol T/-e to
>"ECC!



the e6uip/ent
party networ9!
O%1!
O%1!
at the other end!
#-P, 4T5 (12-1(3@
,efault 0alue7 1(12
the #-P, 4T5!
O%1!
Control ,o/ain
infor/ation to .e
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,o/ain hannel .ytes!

to Maagemet
,omai" ,CC hannel
/anage/ent
infor/ation!

to Cotrol ,omai"
infor/ation!
2+0+4+4 Settin the Node Type 8or an N:
=ased on the networ9 planning" you an set the node type to D&" #1 I&" or #2 I& for an 'D!
PrereBuisites
Conte9t
+or easy networ9 e;pansion" the D& type is not reo//ended!
The setting ta9es effet only after the 'D is reset!
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the desired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree! Choose Commuicatio > O%1 Maagemet
Step # Cli9 the Networ* !a/er )arameters ta.!
Step % ,ou.le-li9 Cofiguratio 2ole and selet a node type fro/ the drop-down list!
Step & Cli9 A--l/! In the Cofirm dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 OK!
Step 0 In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 Close!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
1(**
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2+0+4+* Con6urin the Communication Protocol Stac, and
5APD Role 8or an 3ptical Port
If the protool that is ena.led .y default for an optial port on an 'D is different fro/ the
planned one" you an onfigure the protool on the 52000!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
fro/ the +untion Tree! Cli9 the ,CC 2ate Cofiguratio ta.!
Step # O-tioal= Cli9 +uer/! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 Close!
Step % &elet the desired optial port and li9 ,elete! In the >it dialog .o; that is displayed" li9
<es! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 Close!
Step & Cli9 New and set the ,CC para/eters" protool type" and #-P, role aording to the
networ9 planning in the dialog .o; that is displayed! +or details" see (!2!3!@ Configuring
,CCs!
Step 0 Cli9 OK! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 Close!
....Ed
2+0+4+1 <ueryin Routin In8ormation
=y 6uerying $&I routes" you an 0erify whether the onfiguration of the $&I o0er ,CC
funtion is orret and whether the ,CC o//uniation is nor/al!
PrereBuisites
Copyright Huawei
1(*A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the desired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree! Choose Commuicatio > O%1 Maagemet
Step # Cli9 the 2outig Table ta.!
Step % Che9 whether the infor/ation in !i* AdCacec/ Table /eets the planning re6uire/ents!
Step & Cli9 the !1 2outig ta. to he9 whether the infor/ation of the #1 routes is orret!
Step 0 Cli9 the !2 2outig ta. to he9 whether the infor/ation of the #2 routes is orret!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
If the routing infor/ation of the node is inorret" he9 the preeding onfigurations!
2+0+4+/ Creatin an 3SI Gate7ay N:
-fter the o//uniation para/eters are onfigured and the o//uniation .etween nodes is
nor/al" reate the $&I gateway 'D through the TP@ onnetion /ode using the 52000!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Choose Admiistratio > ,CN Maagemet fro/ the /ain /enu! &elet the filter onditions in the Filter
NE3s4 dialog .o; that is displayed" and then li9 OK! Cli9 the NE ta.! Cli9 the 9NE ta.! &elet the filter
onditions in the Filter 9NE dialog .o; that is displayed" and then li9 OK!
Step # 2ight-li9 a gateway 'D and hoose Modif/ 9NE fro/ the shortut /enu!
Step % In the Modif/ 9NE dialog .o;" selet O%1 9atewa/ fro/ the 9atewa/ T/-e drop-down list"
and then enter N%A) Address!
....Ed
Copyright Huawei
1(A0
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2+0+* Application :9ample 8or !ybrid Net7or,in
)ased on 3SI 3ver DCC
This topi uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the $&I o0er ,CC solution!
PrereBuisites
Precautions
This topi uses the planning para/eters of the e;a/ple in (!@!( 'etwor9 Planning!
This e;a/ple pro0ides only the onfigurations of the typial 'Ds7 'D101" 'D201" 'D301" and
'D302!
Procedure
&et the I,s of the 'Ds! +or details" see the Configuration Guide (#D Transport Domain)!
'D101 A 101
'D201 A 201
'D301 A 301
'D302 A 302
Step # &et the '&-P addresses for the 'Ds! +or details" see (!@!B!@ &etting the '&-P -ddress of an
'D!
N: NSAP Address
'D101 3A@+11A0
'D201 3A@+1210
'D301 3A@+1200
'D302 3A@+1220
&et )rotocol for all the line ports of all the 'Ds to O%1!
&et C$ael T/-e for all the ports of all the 'Ds to ,1.,(!
&et the #-P, role to Networ* for the end of a ,CC that is nearer to the 52000" and the
#-P, role to #ser for the other end of the ,CC!
Step & Configure the C#'& roles for the 'Ds! +or details" see (!@!B!B &etting the 'ode Type for an
'D!
Copyright Huawei
1(A1
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
The C#'& role of 'D201 and 'D302 is !1 (default 0alue)!
The C#'& role of 'D101 and 'D301 is !2!
Step 0 Euery the $&I routes! +or details" see (!@!B!* Euerying 2outing Infor/ation!
In the #1 routing ta.le" 'D101" 'D201" 'D301" and 'D302 ha0e the routes to all the
other 'Ds that are in their respeti0e areas!
In the #2 routing ta.le" 'D101 and 'D301 ha0e the routes to the other #2 'Ds!
....Ed
Result
-ll 'Ds an .e suessfully reated! The o//uniation .etween the 52000 and 'Ds is
nor/al!
2+2 !ybrid Net7or,in Solution o8 DCC
Transparent Transmission
Chen interwor9ing with the third-party e6uip/ent" the $pti% e6uip/ent an transparently
trans/it the $-4 infor/ation of the third-party e6uip/ent through the ,CC physial
hannel so that the third-party e6uip/ent an tra0erse the Huawei ,C' to o//uniate with
the '4& of the third partyI the $-4 infor/ation of the $pti% e6uip/ent an also .e
transparently trans/itted .y the ,CC physial hannel of the third-party e6uip/ent so that
the $pti% e6uip/ent an o//uniate with the '4&!
2+2+# Introduction
The &,H trans/ission e6uip/ent generally uses only ,1-,3 .ytes as ,CCs and does not use
other ,CC .ytes! =ased on this feature" the ,CC transparent trans/ission solution adopts
different ,CCs to trans/it the networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation of different 0endors to
o//uniate networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation!
Chen ,CC .ytes are used to transparently trans/it networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation" there
are two networ9ing senarios7
The $pti% e6uip/ent is loated at the edge of a networ9!
The $pti% e6uip/ent is loated in the enter of a networ9!
3ptiI :Buipment at the :de o8 a Net7or,
In this networ9ing senario" two situations /ay e;ist7
The third-party e6uip/ent uses ,1-,3 .ytes as ,CCs!
In this ase" the $pti% e6uip/ent uses ,@-,12 .ytes as ,CCs! In addition" you need to
add a route to transparently trans/it ,@-,12 .ytes on the trans/ission networ9 of the
Copyright Huawei
1(A2
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 ,CC transparent trans/ission solution when the $pti% e6uip/ent is at the edge
of a networ9 (1)
DB-D12
DB-D12 DB-D12
DB-D12
DB-D12
DB-D12
OptiX e?uip"ent
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
The third-party e6uip/ent uses ,@-,12 .ytes as ,CCs!
In this ase" the $pti% e6uip/ent still uses ,1-,3 .ytes as ,CCs! In addition" you need
to add a route to transparently trans/it ,1-,3 .ytes on the trans/ission networ9 of the
Figure 1.2 ,CC transparent trans/ission solution when the $pti% e6uip/ent is at the edge
of a networ9 (2)
OptiX e?uip"ent
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
D1-D3
D1-D3
D1-D3 D1-D3
D1-D3
D1-D3
3ptiI :Buipment in the Center o8 a Net7or,
In this networ9ing senario" two situations /ay e;ist7
The third-party e6uip/ent uses ,1-,3 .ytes as ,CCs!
Copyright Huawei
1(A3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
In this ase" the $pti% e6uip/ent uses ,@-,12 .ytes as ,CCs! In addition" you need to
add a route to transparently trans/it ,1-,3 .ytes!
Figure 1.1 ,CC transparent trans/ission solution when the $pti% e6uip/ent is in the enter
of a networ9 (1)
D1-D3
D1-D3 D1-D3
D1-D3
OptiX e?uip"ent
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
D1-D3
D1-D3
The third-party e6uip/ent uses ,@-,12 .ytes as ,CCs!
In this ase" the $pti% e6uip/ent still uses ,1- ,3 .ytes as ,CCs! In addition" you need
to add a route to transparently trans/it ,@-,12 .ytes!
Figure 1.2 ,CC transparent trans/ission solution when the $pti% e6uip/ent is in the enter
of a networ9 (2)
DB-D12
DB-D12 DB-D12
DB-D12
DB-D12
DB-D12
OptiX e?uip"ent
'ir!-part#
e?uip"ent
Copyright Huawei
1(A@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2+2+% Availability
The ,CC transparent trans/ission and hy.rid networ9ing funtion re6uires the support of the
applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
&#1, 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
&#@,

$pti% $&' ((07
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
&#1E

$pti% $&' ((07
11002003C00"
$pti% $&' (*07

$pti% $&' ((0)(*0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
C%# 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#B@& 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#1BE 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#B@, 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
&#@1$ 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
Copyright Huawei
1(A(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
5C% 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
Remar,s
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for ,CC transparent trans/ission in
the networ9 design phase!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
Dntire feature If you adopt the ,CC
solution to o//uniate
networ9 /anage/ent
infor/ation when the $pti%
e6uip/ent is used together
with the third-party
e6uip/ent to for/ a
networ9" you an use any of
the HCDCC protool sta9"
IP protool sta9" or $&I
protool sta9 to /anage the
$pti% e6uip/ent! It is
reo//ended that you use
the HCDCC protool sta9!
')-
&,H ports!
in0ol0ed!
2+2+0 Principles
The $pti% e6uip/ent ahie0es transparent trans/ission of ,CCs through the o0erhead ross-
onnet /atri;!
In the reei0e diretion7
1! The line .oard e;trats the o0erhead .ytes suh as ,CC .ytes fro/ the reei0ed &,H
signals" for/s a 2!0@* 4.it)s o0erhead signal strea/" and sends the o0erhead signal
strea/ to the o0erhead ross-onnet /atri; of the &C= .oard through the o0erhead .us!
Copyright Huawei
1(AB
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2! The o0erhead ross-onnet /atri; trans/its the ,CC .ytes that the 'D uses to the CP5
and diretly trans/its the ,CC .ytes that are to .e transparently trans/itted" to the
o0erhead .us of the orresponding line .oard!
3! The CP5 proesses the networ9 /anage/ent /essages arried .y the ,CC .ytes
aording to the protool sta9 used .y the ,CCs!
In the trans/it diretion7
1! The CP5 of the &C= .oard enapsulates the '4 /essages into the ,CC .ytes aording
to the protool sta9 and trans/its the ,CC .ytes to the o0erhead ross-onnet /atri;
of the &C= .oard!
2! The o0erhead ross-onnet /atri; o/.ines the ,CC .ytes sent fro/ the CP5 and
other o0erhead .ytes (inluding the ,CC .ytes sent fro/ the other line .oards and
orderwire .ytes) to for/ a 2!0@* 4.it)s o0erhead signal strea/" and then trans/its the
o0erhead signal strea/ to the orresponding line .oard!
3! The line .oard e;trats the o0erhead signal fro/ the o0erhead signal strea/" inserts the
o0erhead signal into the &,H signal" and sends the &,H signal to other 'Ds!
+igure (-3@ illustrates how an 'D uses ,1-,3 .ytes as ,CCs to transparently trans/it ,@-
,12 .ytes!
Figure 1.1 Cor9ing priniple of ,CC transparent trans/ission
O/erea! cross-
connect "atri3
C:0
O/erea!
$us
O/erea!
$us D1-D3
SC7
$oar!
,ine
$oar!
,ine
$oar!
SD&
si)na(
SD&
si)na(
DB-D12
Plan the para/eters of a ,C' .ased on the situation of the networ9 when you use the ,CC
transparent trans/ission solution!
This topi pro0ides guidelines on how to plan the ,CC transparent trans/ission solution!
This topi fouses on the differenes .etween planning the ,CC transparent trans/ission
solution and planning the HCDCC solution! +or the sa/e parts" suh as planning ,C's and
'D I,s" see (!2!B Planning <uidelines!
If the third-party e6uip/ent uses ,1-,3 .ytes as ,CCs" the port of the $pti% 'D uses
,@-,12 .ytes as ,CCs!
If the third-party e6uip/ent uses ,@-,12 .ytes as ,CCs" the port of the $pti% 'D uses
,1-,3 .ytes as ,CCs!
Copyright Huawei
1(A3
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
This topi uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan the ,CC transparent trans/ission
solution!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing e;a/ple for the ,CC transparent trans/ission solution
N51
N52
N5B
N53
'ir!-part#
N>S
N>S
Fi$er Net%or- ca$(e
+igure (-3( shows a trans/ission networ9 that is o/prised of .oth $pti% e6uip/ent and the
third-party e6uip/ent that supports the ,CC transparent trans/ission feature! The steps to
plan the ,C' are as follows7
1! Plan ,CCs!
The third-party e6uip/ent uses ,1-,3 .ytes as ,CCs" and therefore the $pti% 'D uses
,@-,12 .ytes as ,CCs!
2! -lloate I,s to the 'Ds and onfigure the IP address for the gateway 'D!
Copyright Huawei
1(A*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.2 -lloation of I,s and IP addresses to all 'Ds
N>S
9-1
10*0*0*1
0*0*0*0
9-B
129*9*0*B
0*0*0*0
2: a!!ress
Gate%a#
9-2
129*9*0*2
0*0*0*0
9-3
129*9*0*3
0*0*0*0
3! Configure 'D1" 'D2" 'D3" and 'D@ to transparently trans/it ,1-,3 .ytes!
2+2+4 Con6urin DCC Transparent Transmission
Plan the ,CC resoures properly aording to the onfiguration priniple of the ,CC
transparent trans/ission solution and onfigure ,CC transparent trans/ission .y following
the speified flow!
Configure the ,CC transparent trans/ission solution in ertain steps!
Copyright Huawei
1(AA
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Configuration flow of the ,CC transparent trans/ission solution
Start
Set 2Ds an! 2:
a!!resses for N5s
Confi)ure
DCCs for N5s
Fuer# 5CC routes at
te )ate%a# N5
1
2
B
Set DCC transparent
trans"ission
3
5n!
Table 1.1 Configuration flow of the ,CC transparent trans/ission solution
Number Description
1

Chen setting the IP address infor/ation for the gateway 'D" you /ay
need to set the default gateway in addition to setting the IP address and
su.net /as9" aording to the situation of the e;ternal ,C'!
+or details on how to onfigure the I, of an 'D" see (!2!3!2 Changing the
I, of an 'D!
+or details on how to onfigure the IP address of an 'D" see (!2!3!3

&etting Co//uniation Para/eters of an 'D!
2

The ,CC protool type of the line port is set to >"ECC!
Chen the third-party e6uip/ent uses .ytes ,1-,3 as ,CCs" set the ,CC
hannel type of the &,H port to ,7.,12!
Chen the third-party e6uip/ent uses .ytes ,@-,12 as ,CCs" set the
,CC hannel type of the &,H port to ,1.,(!

3

&et the ,CC transparent trans/ission .ytes used .y the third-party
e6uip/ent for all the 'Ds on the planned route!
+or details on the onfiguration flow" see (!2!3!3 Configuring ,CC

Transparent Trans/ission!
@

The gateway 'D has DCC routes to all of its /anaged non-gateway 'Ds!
+or details on how to 6uery the routes" see (!2!3!* Euerying DCC 2outes!
Copyright Huawei
1B00
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2+2+4+% Chanin the ID o8 an N:
PrereBuisites
Procedure
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
2+2+4+& Settin Communication Parameters o8 an N:
para/eters!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Copyright Huawei
1B01
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Step % Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
2+2+4+0 Con6urin DCCs
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
+untion Tree!
Copyright Huawei
1B02
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2! Cli9 A--l/!
2! Cli9 A--l/!
1! Cli9 Create!
3! Cli9 OK!
....Ed
1(&,H-1)
onfigured!
Channel ,1-,3" ,@-,12
type!

C$ael of &,H line
Chen the ,CC

solution is used"
C$ael of &,H line
,efault 0alue7 $&I
Chen the HCDCC

)rotocol T/-e to
>"ECC!

Copyright Huawei
1B03
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0


the e6uip/ent
party networ9!
O%1!
O%1!
at the other end!
#-P, 4T5 (12-1(3@
,efault 0alue7 1(12
the #-P, 4T5!
O%1!
Control ,o/ain
,o/ain
infor/ation to .e
hannel .ytes!

to Maagemet
,omai" ,CC hannel
/anage/ent
infor/ation!

to Cotrol ,omai"
infor/ation!
Copyright Huawei
1B0@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2+2+4+2 Con6urin DCC Transparent Transmission
The $pti% e6uip/ent supports the ,CC transparent trans/ission funtion! Cith this funtion"
the e6uip/ent an transparently trans/it networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation when the $pti%
e6uip/ent is used together with other e6uip/ent to for/ a networ9 and an also transparently
trans/it the networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation .etween DCC su.nets!
PrereBuisites
'D /ust .e nor/al!
Procedure
Step # Cli9 the ,CC Tras-aret Trasmissio Maagemet ta.!
Step % Cli9 New!
Step & In the Create ,CC Tras-aret Trasmissio B/te dialog .o; that is displayed" set the
para/eters of the ,CC transparent trans/ission .yte!
Step 0 Cli9 OK! In the O-eratio 2esult dialog .o; that is displayed" li9 OK!
....Ed
2+2+4+4 <ueryin :CC Routes
=y 6uerying DCC routes" you an 0erify whether the DCC onfigurations are orret and
PrereBuisites
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the desired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree! Choose Commuicatio > NE ECC !i*
Step # Cli9 2efres$ and the DCC routes of the 'D are displayed in the NE ECC !i*
Maagemet Table!
Copyright Huawei
1B0(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Step % Che9 whether the DCC routes and their para/eters in NE ECC !i* Maagemet Table
are the sa/e as the planned infor/ation!
Step & O-tioal= Cli9 Add Maual 2oute to add /anual DCC routes of the 'D!
....Ed
2+2+* Application :9ample 8or !ybrid Net7or,in
)ased DCC Transparent Transmission
This topi uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to onfigure the ,CC transparent trans/ission
solution!
Precautions
This topi uses the planning para/eters of the e;a/ple in (!(!( 'etwor9 Planning!
This e;a/ple pro0ides only the onfigurations of the typial 'Ds7 'D1 and 'D3!
Procedure
&et the I,s of the 'Ds! +or details" see (!2!3!2 Changing the I, of an 'D!
'D1
N 'D I,7 1I e;tended I,7 A
'D3
N 'D I,7 3I e;tended I,7 A
Step # &et the IP address infor/ation for 'D1! +or details" see (!2!3!3 &etting Co//uniation
Para/eters of an 'D!
IP address7 10!0!0!1
&u.net /as97 2((!2((!0!0
,efault gateway7 0!0!0!0 (default 0alue)
&et the ,CC protool type of all the line ports of all 'Ds to >"ECC!
&et the ,CC hannel type of all &,H ports of all 'Ds to ,7.,12!
Copyright Huawei
1B0B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Step & Configure the transparent trans/ission .etween .ytes ,1-,3 of the west line port of an 'D
and .ytes ,1-,3 of the east line port of the 'D! Perfor/ the onfiguration for all 'Ds! +or
details" see (!2!3!3 Configuring ,CC Transparent Trans/ission!
Step 0 Euery the DCC routes on 'D1! +or details" see (!2!3!* Euerying DCC 2outes!
'D1 /ust ha0e DCC routes to 'D2" 'D3" and 'D@!
....Ed
2+4 Transparent Transmission o8 DCC )ytes
Throuh the :9ternal Cloc, Inter8ace
Transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through the e;ternal lo9 interfae refers to a
solution in whih the e;ternal lo9 interfae is used to plae the ,CC .ytes in a speified D1
ser0ie that tra0erses a third-party networ9! Chen this solution is used" the trans/ission
.andwidth of one D1 ser0ie is oupied! The solution an .e used if networ9 /anage/ent
infor/ation needs to tra0erse third-party e6uip/ent .ut none of $&I o0er ,CC" IP o0er ,CC"
and ,CC transparent trans/ission is supported!
2+4+# Introduction
Transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through an e;ternal lo9 interfae supports two
aess /odes for networ9ing7 diret aess and indiret aess!
Transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through an e;ternal lo9 interfae refers to a solution
in whih an e;ternal lo9 interfae is used to plae the ,CC .ytes in so/e ertain ti/eslots
of a speified D1 ser0ie that tra0erses a third-party networ9! In this /anner" the ,CC .ytes
are trans/itted transparently when this third-party networ9 an trans/it the D1 ser0ie!
Transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through an e;ternal lo9 interfae supports two
aess /odes for networ9ing7
,iret aess /ode
The D1 ser0ie is trans/itted to the third-party networ9 diretly through an e;ternal
lo9 interfae pro0ided .y an 'D!
Indiret aess /ode
The D1 ser0ie is trans/itted to the third-party networ9 through the &,H interfae
pro0ided .y the third-party networ9!
Direct Access .ode
+igure (-3* shows the networ9ing .ased on transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through
an e;ternal lo9 interfae in diret aess /ode! 'D1 and 'D2 at the two ends pro0ide two
e;ternal lo9 interfaes" and the third-party networ9 pro0ides two D1 interfaes for 'D1 and
'D2 that are onneted to the third-party networ9 through D1 a.les! The third-party networ9
trans/its the D1 ser0ie as an ordinary ser0ie and trans/its it transparently! In this /anner"
the ,CC .ytes are trans/itted transparently .etween the two 'Ds!
Copyright Huawei
1B03
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing .ased on transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through an e;ternal lo9
interfae in diret aess /ode
'ir!-part# net%or-
53terna( c(oc-
interface
51 ca$(e
DCC $#tes
51 interface
DCC $#tes
51 ca$(e
51 interface
53terna( c(oc-
interface
N51 N52
Indirect Access .ode
+igure (-3A shows the networ9ing .ased on transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through
an e;ternal lo9 interfae in indiret aess /ode! The third-party networ9 pro0ides two
&,H interfaes for 'D1 and 'D2 at the two ends! The e;ternal interfaes on 'D1 and 'D2
are onneted through D1 a.les to the D1 interfaes on a tri.utary .oard! Then" the ross-
onnetions .etween the D1 ser0ies and the tri.utary .oard are onfigured so that the D1
ser0ies are trans/itted to the third-party networ9 through the &,H interfaes! The third-party
networ9 trans/its the D1 ser0ie as an ordinary ser0ie and trans/its it transparently! In this
/anner" the ,CC .ytes are trans/itted transparently .etween the two 'Ds!
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing .ased on transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through an e;ternal lo9
interfae in indiret aess /ode
'ir!-part# net%or-
53terna( c(oc- interface
DCC $#tes DCC $#tes
SD& interface
N51 N52
51 interface
SD& interface
53terna( c(oc- interface
51 interface
SD& interface
SD& interface
51 ca$(e 51 ca$(e
2+4+% Availability
The funtion of transparently trans/itting ,CC infor/ation through e;ternal lo9 interfaes
re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and software!
Copyright Huawei
1B0*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Version Support
$pti% $&' ((0 11002003C00 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
-5% 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
&P3, 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
&P3T 11002003C00 and later $pti% $&' ((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
C%# 11002003C00"
$pti% $&' ((0
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for ,CC transparent trans/ission
through an e;ternal lo9 interfae in the networ9 design phase!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
Dntire feature If you adopt transparent
trans/ission of ,CC .ytes
through the e;ternal lo9
interfae to o//uniate
networ9 /anage/ent
infor/ation when the $pti%
e6uip/ent is used together
with the third-party
e6uip/ent to for/ a
networ9" you an use any of
the HCDCC protool sta9"
IP o0er ,CC protool sta9"
or $&I o0er ,CC protool
sta9 to /anage the $pti%
e6uip/ent! It is
reo//ended that you use
')-
Copyright Huawei
1B0A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
5imitation Details
Remar,s
the HCDCC protool sta9!
2+4+0 Principles
The $pti% $&' e6uip/ent uses the o0erhead proessing unit and the CP5 to transparently
trans/it ,CC .ytes through an e;ternal lo9 interfae!
In the reei0e diretion7
1! The e;ternal lo9 interfae onsiders the reei0ed D1 ser0ies as 2!0@* 4.it)s o0erhead
signals" and sends the/ o0er the o0erhead .us to the o0erhead proessing unit!
2! The o0erhead proessing unit sends the ,CC .ytes that the loal 'D uses to the CP5!
3! The CP5 proesses the networ9 /anage/ent /essages arried .y the ,CC .ytes
aording to the protool sta9 used .y the ,CCs!
In the trans/it diretion7
1! The CP5 enapsulates the networ9 /anage/ent /essages into the ,CC .ytes aording
to the protool sta9 used .y the ,CC" and sends the/ to the o0erhead proessing unit!
2! The o0erhead proessing unit o/.ines the ,CC .ytes reei0ed fro/ the CP5 and other
o0erhead .ytes (suh as o0erhead .ytes for orderwire and synhronous)asynhronous
data ser0ies) into 2!0@* 4.it)s o0erhead signals" and sends the/ to the e;ternal lo9
interfae!
3! The e;ternal lo9 interfae sends the 2!0@* 4.it)s o0erhead signals as D1 ser0ies!
+igure (-@0 shows the wor9ing priniple of transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through an
e;ternal lo9 interfae! -s shown in +igure (-@0" ,1-,3 .ytes are used to arry networ9
/anage/ent /essages!
Figure 1.1 Cor9ing priniple of transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through the e;ternal lo9
interfae
53terna(
c(oc-
interface
O/erea!
$us .u3i(iar#
$oar!
SC7
O/erea!
processin)
unit
C:0
D1!D3
51 ser/ices
Copyright Huawei
1B10
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Plan the para/eters of a ,C' .ased on the situation of the networ9 when you use transparent
trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through an e;ternal lo9 interfae!
This topi pro0ides guidelines on how to plan the ,CC transparent trans/ission through an
e;ternal lo9 interfae solution!
1! Plan the aess /ode!
N If the third-party networ9 pro0ides the D1 interfae for the $pti% e6uip/ent" use the
diret aess /ode!
N If the third-party networ9 pro0ides the &,H interfae for the $pti% e6uip/ent" use
the indiret aess /ode!
2! Plan the ,CC .yte for arrying the networ9 /anage/ent /essages!
The two 'Ds at the two ends use the sa/e ,CC .ytes that are trans/itted transparently
o0er the third-party networ9! The ,1-,3 .ytes are reo//ended!
3! Plan trans/ission of D1 ser0ies that arry the ,CC .ytes o0er the third-party networ9!
The two 'Ds at the two ends use the sa/e ,CC .ytes! The ,CC .ytes are trans/itted
transparently o0er the third-party networ9 .etween the two 'Ds! The ,1-,3 .ytes are
reo//ended!
This topi uses an e;a/ple to desri.e how to plan the ,CC transparent trans/ission through
an e;ternal lo9 interfae solution!
+igure (-@1 shows an e;a/ple of networ9ing for planning transparent trans/ission of ,CC
.ytes through an e;ternal lo9 interfae! The third-party networ9 pro0ides an D1 interfae
for 'D1 and an &,H interfae for 'D2! The planning steps are as follows7
1! Plan the aess /ode!
'D1 is diretly onneted to the third-party networ9" and 'D2 is indiretly onneted to
the third-party networ9!
2! Plan the ,CC .yte for arrying the networ9 /anage/ent /essages!
The ,1-,3 .ytes are used to trans/it networ9 /anage/ent /essages .etween 'D1 and
'D2!
3! Plan trans/ission of D1 ser0ies that arry the ,CC .ytes o0er the third-party networ9!
=etween 'D1 and the third-party networ9" the ,CC .ytes tra0el o0er an D1 a.le!
=etween 'D2 and the third-party networ9" the ,CC .ytes tra0el o0er a fi.er!
N The D1 ser0ies that arry the ,CC .ytes of 'D1 tra0el fro/ 'D1 to the third-party
networ9 through the e;ternal lo9 interfae and o0er the D1 a.le!
N The D1 ser0ies are trans/itted transparently o0er the third-party networ9!
N The D1 ser0ies that arry the ,CC .ytes of 'D2 tra0el fro/ 'D2 through the
e;ternal lo9 interfae and o0er the D1 a.le to the tri.utary .oard" where the D1
ser0ies are enapsulated into a 1C-12 that is trans/itted to the third-party networ9!
Copyright Huawei
1B11
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 'etwor9ing e;a/ple for transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through the e;ternal
lo9 interfae
'ir!-part# net%or-
53terna( c(oc-
interface
DCC $#tes
DCC $#tes
SD& interface
N51 N52
51 interface
53terna( c(oc-
interface
51 interface
SD& interface
51 ca$(e
51 ca$(e
N>
2+4+4 Con6urin Transparent Transmission o8 DCC
)ytes Throuh an :9ternal Cloc, Inter8ace
Plan the ,CC resoures properly aording to the onfiguration priniple of the transparent
trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through an e;ternal lo9 interfae solution and onfigure the
transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through an e;ternal lo9 interfae .y following the
speified flow!
=efore you onfigure transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through an e;ternal lo9
interfae" you need to set the ,CC of the e;ternal lo9 interfae! Then" deter/ine whether to
onfigure ross-onnetions for D1 ser0ies aording to the aess /ode!
+igure (-@2 shows the flow of onfiguring transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through an
e;ternal lo9 interfae!
Copyright Huawei
1B12
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Figure 1.1 Configuration flow of the ,CC transparent trans/ission through the e;ternal lo9
interfae solution
Start
5n!
Set te DCC of
te e3terna( c(oc-
interface
Confi)ure
cross-connections
for 51 ser/ices
2n!irect
access "o!e
a!opte!L
Kes
No
Table 1.1 Configuration flow of the ,CC transparent trans/ission through the e;ternal lo9
interfae solution
Procedure Notes
1

&et Eabled %tatus of the e;ternal lo9 interfae to Eabled!
It is reo//ended that you set C$ael T/-e to ,1.,(!
It is reo//ended that you set )rotocol T/-e to >"ECC!
+or details on the onfiguration flow" see (!2!3!@ Configuring

,CCs!
2

Configure .idiretional ross-onnetions .etween the &,H
interfae and the D1 interfae that is onneted to the e;ternal
lo9 interfae!
NOTE
Configure ross-onnetions for the D1 ser0ie only when the indiret
aess /ode is used!
+or details on the onfiguration flow" see (!B!B!3 Configuring

Cross-Connetions for D1 &er0ies!
Copyright Huawei
1B13
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
2+4+4+% Con6urin DCCs
PrereBuisites
52000
Procedure
+untion Tree!
2! Cli9 A--l/!
2! Cli9 A--l/!
1! Cli9 Create!
3! Cli9 OK!
....Ed
1(&,H-1)
onfigured!
Channel ,1-,3" ,@-,12
type!

C$ael of &,H line
Copyright Huawei
1B1@
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Chen the ,CC

solution is used"
C$ael of &,H line
,efault 0alue7 $&I
Chen the HCDCC

)rotocol T/-e to
>"ECC!



the e6uip/ent
party networ9!
O%1!
O%1!
at the other end!
#-P, 4T5 (12-1(3@
,efault 0alue7 1(12
the #-P, 4T5!
O%1!
=ound +lag ,isa.led" Dna.led &peifies whether to ena.le
Copyright Huawei
1B1(
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
,efault 0alue7 Dna.led the port .inding flag!
Control ,o/ain
,o/ain
infor/ation to .e
hannel .ytes!

to Maagemet
,omai" ,CC hannel
/anage/ent
infor/ation!

to Cotrol ,omai"
infor/ation!
2+4+4+& Con6urin Cross'Connections 8or :# Services
To add D1 ser0ies fro/ a tri.utary .oard to a line .oard or to drop the D1 ser0ies fro/ the
line .oard to the tri.utary .oard" onfigure ross-onnetions for the D1 ser0ies so that the
D1 ser0ies an .e trans/itted o0er an &,H networ9!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the desired 'D fro/ the $.:et Tree! Choose Cofiguratio > %,> %er&ice
Step # Cli9 New! In the Create %,> %er&ice dialog .o; that is displayed" set the re6uired
para/eters!
Copyright Huawei
1B1B
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Step % Cli9 OK!
....Ed
2+4+* :9ample o8 !ybrid Net7or,in )ased on
Transparent Transmission o8 DCC )ytes Throuh an
:9ternal Cloc, Inter8ace
$n a hy.rid networ9 .ased on transparent trans/ission of ,CC .ytes through an e;ternal
lo9 interfae" two 'Ds of an operator are onneted to a third-party networ9 through an D1
interfae and an &,H interfae!
PrereBuisites
The physial networ9 topology /ust .e reated!
The e;ternal lo9 interfae planned for transparent trans/ission of ,CC infor/ation
/ust not .e used as a lo9 signal interfae!
The signal /ode of the e;ternal lo9 /ust .e set to 2 4.it)s!
This topi uses the planning para/eters of the e;a/ple in (!B!( 'etwor9 Planning!
Procedure
&et the ,CCs for the 'Ds! +or details" see (!2!3!@ Configuring ,CCs!
&et C$ael T/-e to ,1.,(!
&et )rotocol T/-e to >"ECC!
Step # Configure ross-onnetions for D1 ser0ies on 'D2! +or details" see (!B!B!3 Configuring
Cross-Connetions for D1 &er0ies!
....Ed
2+* DCN .aintenance
This topi desri.es the trou.leshooting" /aintenane ases" and rele0ant alar/s and
perfor/ane e0ents of the ,C'!
2+*+# A Sinle N: )ein Unreachable
This topi desri.es the sy/pto/s" i/pat" and possi.le auses of a single unreaha.le 'D! In
addition" this topi desri.es the re6uired tools" preautions" and proedures for retifying the
fault!
Symptom
$n the 52000" a single 'D is unreaha.le and the other 'Ds at the sa/e site are reaha.le!
Copyright Huawei
1B13
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Impact on System
The unreaha.le 'D annot .e /anaged!
Possible Causes
Cause 17 The hardware is faulty!
Cause 27 The IP address or the I, of the 'D is inorretly set!
Cause 37 The fi.ers are faulty!
Cause @7 The ,CC of the optial interfae is disa.led!
Cause (7 The 'D software fails!
52000
Procedure
Cause 1= T$e $ardware is fault/.
1! Che9 whether the e;ternal power supply de0ie is wor9ing in the nor/al state!
I8+++ Then+++
The e;ternal power supply de0ie is faulty &ee the Parts Replacement to retify the
fault of the e;ternal power supply de0ie!
Che9 whether the 'D reo0ers! If the 'D
does not reo0er" proeed to the ne;t step!
The e;ternal power supply de0ie is
wor9ing in the nor/al state
Proeed to the ne;t step!
2! Che9 whether the power .oard is wor9ing in the nor/al state!
I8+++ Then+++
The power .oard is faulty &ee the Parts Replacement to replae the
faulty .oard! Che9 whether the 'D
reo0ers! If the 'D does not reo0er"
proeed to the ne;t step!
The power .oard is wor9ing in the nor/al
state
Che9 whether the fault is due to other
auses!
Step # Cause 2= T$e 1) address or t$e 1, of t$e NE is icorrectl/ set.
1! #og in to the 'D through the 52000 and restore the original IP address and I, of the 'D
aording to the reord!
2! Che9 whether the 'D reo0ers! If the 'D does not reo0er" he9 whether the fault is
due to other auses!
Step % Cause (= T$e fibers are fault/.
Copyright Huawei
1B1*
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
1! 5se the $T,2 /eter to test the fi.er! -naly8e the line attenuation ur0e displayed .y the
/eter to deter/ine whether fi.er ut ours on the line! +or how to use the /eter" see the
$T,2 user guide!
I8+++ Then+++
+i.er ut ours on the line 2eplae the faulty fi.er! Then" he9
whether the ser0ie is restored! If no" he9
whether the fault is due to other auses!
+i.er ut does not our on the line Che9 whether the fault is due to other
auses!
Step & Cause 7= T$e ,CC of t$e o-tical iterface is disabled.
1! $n the 52000" he9 whether the ,CC of the optial interfae is ena.led!
I8+++ Then+++
The ,CC of the optial interfae is disabled Dna.le the ,CC of the optial interfae!
Then" he9 whether the 'D reo0ers! If no"
The ,CC of the optial interfae is eabled Che9 whether the fault is due to other
auses!
Step 0 Cause 5= T$e NE software fails.
1! =rowse alar/s .y using the 52000" and deter/ine the .oard that reports the alar/!
2! #oad the 'D software to the .oard" and perfor/ a war/ reset on the .oard .y using the
52000 tool! Then" he9 whether the alar/ is leared!
3! Che9 whether the 'D reo0ers! If no" he9 whether the fault is due to other auses!
....Ed
Related In8ormation
'one!
2+*+% All N:s o8 the Subnet )ein Unreachable
This topi desri.es the sy/pto/s" i/pat" and possi.le auses of all 'Ds of the su.net
unreaha.le! In addition" this topi desri.es the re6uired tools" preautions" and proedures
for retifying the fault!
Symptom
$n the 52000" all 'Ds of a ertain su.net are unreaha.le!
Impact on System
The unreaha.le 'Ds annot .e /anaged!
Copyright Huawei
1B1A
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Possible Causes
Cause 17 The gateway 'D is faulty!
Cause 27 The networ9 a.les onnetions .etween the gateway 'D and the hu. are
interrupted or the hu. ports are faulty!
Cause 37 The IP addresses or the I,s of the gateway 'D is hanged .y /ista9e!
Cause @7 The fi.ers are faulty or onneted i/properly!
Cause (7 The &CC .oard of the gateway 'D is faulty!
52000
Ca.le testing /eter
Procedure
Cause 1= T$e gatewa/ NE is fault/B ad t$ere is o stadb/ gatewa/ NE.
1! Che9 whether the e;ternal power supply de0ie is wor9ing in the nor/al state!
I8+++ Then+++
The e;ternal power supply de0ie is faulty &ee the Parts Replacement to retify the
fault of the e;ternal power supply de0ie!
Che9 whether the 'Ds reo0er! If the 'Ds
do not reo0er" proeed to the ne;t step!
The e;ternal power supply de0ie is
wor9ing in the nor/al state
2! Che9 whether the power .oard is wor9ing in the nor/al state!
I8+++ Then+++
The power .oard is faulty &ee the Parts Replacement to replae the
faulty .oard! Che9 whether the 'Ds
reo0er! If the 'Ds do not reo0er" proeed
to the ne;t step!
The power .oard is wor9ing in the nor/al
state
3! #og in to the 'Ds through the 52000!
I8+++ Then+++
Oou fail to log in to the 'Ds through the
52000
The &CC .oards of the 'Ds are faulty! &ee
the Parts Replacement to replae the faulty
.oards! Che9 whether the 'Ds reo0er! If
the 'Ds do not reo0er" he9 whether the
fault is due to other auses!
Oou log in to the 'Ds through the 52000 Che9 whether the fault is due to other
Copyright Huawei
1B20
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
I8+++ Then+++
suessfully auses!
@! Che9 whether the Dthernet port fails!
I8+++ Then+++
The Dthernet port fails &ee the Parts Replacement to replae the
.oard where the Dthernet port resides!
Che9 whether the 'D reo0ers! If the 'D
does not reo0er" proeed to other auses!
The Dthernet port wor9s nor/ally Che9 whether the fault is due to other
auses!
Step # Cause 2= T$e etwor* cables coectios betwee t$e gatewa/ NE ad t$e $ub are
iterru-ted or t$e $ub -orts are fault/.
1! Che9 whether the networ9 a.les .etween the gateway 'D and the hu. are onneted
i/properly!
I8+++ Then+++
The networ9 a.les .etween the gateway
'D and the hu. are onneted i/properly
Connet the networ9 a.les .etween the 'D
and the hu. properly! Che9 whether the
'Ds reo0er! If the 'Ds do not reo0er"
The networ9 a.les .etween the gateway
'D and the hu. are onneted properly
2! 5se the a.le testing /eter to he9 whether the networ9 a.les are nor/al!
I8+++ Then+++
The networ9 a.les are faulty 2eplae the networ9 a.les! Che9 whether
the 'Ds reo0er! If the 'Ds do not reo0er"
The networ9 a.les are nor/al Proeed to the ne;t step!
3! Che9 whether the hu. ports are faulty!
I8+++ Then+++
The hu. ports are faulty 2eplae the faulty ports or replae the hu.!
Che9 whether the 'Ds reo0er! If the 'Ds
do not reo0er" he9 whether the fault is
due to other auses!
The hu. ports are wor9ing in the nor/al Che9 whether the fault is due to other
Copyright Huawei
1B21
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
I8+++ Then+++
state auses!
Step % Cause (= T$e 1) addresses or t$e 1,s of t$e gatewa/ NE is c$aged b/ mista*e.
1! #og in to the 'D through the 52000 and restore the original IP addresses and I,s of the
'Ds aording to the reord!
2! Che9 whether the 'Ds reo0er! If the 'Ds do not reo0er" he9 whether the fault is due
to other auses!
Step & Cause 7= T$e fibers are fault/ or coected im-ro-erl/.
1! 5se the $T,2 /eter to test the fi.er! -naly8e the line attenuation ur0e displayed .y the
/eter to deter/ine whether fi.er ut ours on the line! +or how to use the /eter" see the
$T,2 user guide!
I8+++ Then+++
+i.er ut ours on the line 2eplae the faulty fi.er! Then" he9
whether the ser0ie is restored! If no"
+i.er ut does not our on the line Proeed to the ne;t step!
2! Connet the fi.ers orretly aording to the networ9 design!
3! Che9 whether the 'Ds reo0er! If the 'Ds do not reo0er" he9 whether the fault is due
to other auses!
Step 0 Cause 5= T$e %CC board of t$e gatewa/ NE is fault/.
1! To replae the faulty .oard" see Parts Replacement!
2! Che9 whether the ser0ie is restored! If no" he9 whether the fault is due to other
auses!
....Ed
Related In8ormation
To pre0ent all 'Ds of the su.net fro/ .eo/ing unreaha.le due to the fault of the gateway
'D" it is reo//ended that you install a .a9up gateway 'D in the su.net!
2+*+& N:s )ein Unreachable -reBuently
This topi desri.es the sy/pto/s" i/pat" and possi.le auses of fre6uently unreaha.le
'Ds! In addition" this topi desri.es the re6uired tools" preautions" and proedures for
retifying the fault!
Symptom
&y/pto/ 17 'Ds are fre6uently unreaha.le to the '4&!
&y/pto/ 27 'Ds .eo/e unreaha.le after they are logged in for a while!
Copyright Huawei
1B22
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
Impact on System
The unreaha.le 'Ds annot .e /anaged!
Possible Causes
Cause 17 The IP addresses or I,s of the 'Ds onflit!
Cause 27 The sale of the networ9 is so large that the DCC o//uniation .etween 'Ds
e;eeds the proessing apa.ility of the 'Ds!
Cause 37 $n the networ9" /ore than one user logs in to the 'D!
Cause @7 The &CC .oard is faulty!
52000
Procedure
Cause 1= T$e 1) addresses or 1,s of t$e NEs coflict.
1! Che9 whether the IP addresses or I,s of the 'Ds onflit with those of other 'Ds or
de0ies on the networ9!
I8+++ Then+++
The IP addresses or I,s of the 'Ds onflit
with those of other 'Ds or de0ies on the
networ9
2e-plan and re-onfigure the IP addresses
and I,s of the 'Ds! Che9 whether the 'Ds
reo0er! If the 'Ds do not reo0er" he9
whether the fault is due to other auses!
The IP addresses or I,s of the 'Ds do not
onflit with those of other 'Ds or de0ies
on the networ9
Che9 whether the fault is due to other
auses!
Step # Cause 2= T$e scale of t$e etwor* is so large t$at t$e ECC commuicatio betwee NEs
exceeds t$e -rocessig ca-abilit/ of t$e NEs.
1! &ee the Planning to he9 whether the sale of the networ9 is 0ery large! If it is 0ery
large" di0ide the networ9 appropriately into su.nets!
2! Che9 the nu/.er of the 'Ds at a single site! Chen /ultiple de0ies are onneted
through the hu. (or inter-su.ra9 asading) and o//uniate with eah other through
the e;tended DCC funtion of the networ9 port" it is reo//ended that on the sa/e hu."
a /a;i/u/ of four de0ies .e ena.led with the auto/atially e;tended DCC funtion!
The e;tended DCC funtion an .e ena.led for a /a;i/u/ of four de0ies that are
onneted to the sa/e hu. to a0oid the DCC stor/!
3! &ee the Product Description to he9 whether the nu/.er of 'Ds /anaged .y the
gateway 'D e;eeds the ,CC proessing apa.ility of the &CC .oard! If it e;eeds" see
the Parts Replacement to replae the &CC .oard with a /ore apa.le &CC .oard!
@! Che9 whether the 'Ds reo0er! If the 'Ds do not reo0er" he9 whether the fault is due
to other auses!
Step % Cause (= O t$e etwor*B more t$a oe user logs i to t$e NE.
1! 2e-plan the users that an log in to the 'D!
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due to other auses!
Step & Cause 7= T$e %CC board is fault/.
1! 5se the 52000 tool to perfor/ a old reset on the &CC .oard or reseat the &CC .oard!
+or details" see the #upporting Task!
2! Che9 whether the 'D reo0ers! If the 'D does not reo0er" see the Parts Replacement
to replae the faulty .oard!
due to other auses!
....Ed
Related In8ormation
'one!
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+eature ,esription B In.and ,C'
4 Inband DCN
About This Chapter
The '4& o//uniates with 'Ds" and /anages and /aintains networ9 nodes through a
,C'! $n the ,C'" the '4& and 'Ds are onsidered as nodes! These nodes are onneted
through Dthernet or ,CCs!
B!1 Introdution
The in.and ,C' refers to the networ9ing /ode that uses the ser0ie path pro0ided .y the
/anaged e6uip/ent to reali8e the /anage/ent of the networ9 e6uip/ent! In this /ode" the
networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation is trans/itted on the ser0ie path of the e6uip/ent!
B!2 =asi Conepts
This topi desri.es the .asi onepts that are related to the in.and ,C'" inluding the
protool sta9s that the in.and ,C' supports and the /ethods for the '4& to aess the 'D!
B!3 &peifiations
This setion desri.es the speifiations of in.and ,C'!
B!@ 2eferene &tandards and Protools
There are no standards or protools that the in.and ,C' o/plies with!
B!( -0aila.ility
The in.and ,C' funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and
software!
B!B +eature ,ependeny and #i/itation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for in.and ,C' in the networ9
design phase" onfiguration and o//issioning phase" and /aintenane phase!
B!3 Priniples
The ,C' pa9et o//uniates the /anage/ent infor/ation so that the '4& an ontrol the
/anaged e6uip/ent! To reali8e the ,C' funtion" the o//uniation hannels" on whih the
/anage/ent infor/ation is trans/itted" /ust .e set up .etween the '4& and 'Ds!
B!* Planning <uidelines
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+ollow ertain guidelines when you plan in.and ,C'!
B!A Configuring the In.and ,C'
,uring networ9 planning" you do not need to set up an independent ,C' for /anage/ent
and ontrol! Instead" you an use ertain .andwidths of a ser0ie networ9 to set up a ,C'!
B!10 1erifying the In.and ,C'
To he9 whether the onfigured in.and ,C' funtions nor/ally" 0erify whether all the .asi
funtions of the in.and ,C' are a0aila.le!
B!11 Trou.leshooting
B!12 2ele0ant -lar/s and D0ents
There are no alar/s and e0ents related to the in.and ,C'!
B!13 Para/eters for Configuring In.and ,C'
This setion desri.es the para/eters for onfiguring in.and ,C'!
4+# Introduction
The in.and ,C' refers to the networ9ing /ode that uses the ser0ie path pro0ided .y the
/anaged e6uip/ent to reali8e the /anage/ent of the networ9 e6uip/ent! In this /ode" the
networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation is trans/itted on the ser0ie path of the e6uip/ent!
3b=ectives and )ene6ts
$n an in.and ,C'" the ser0ie hannel pro0ided .y the /anaged e6uip/ent is used to
trans/it the networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation! Therefore" no e;tra e6uip/ent and out.and
,C' networ9 is re6uired for infor/ation trans/ission! -s a result" the operation e;penditure
is redued!
-unctions and -eatures
$n an in.and ,C'" the /anage/ent infor/ation is enapsulated into Dthernet fra/es and
arries a fi;ed 1#-' I, to .e differed fro/ the ser0ie data! The /anage/ent infor/ation is
trans/itted on the ser0ie path with the ser0ie! Therefore" the in.and ,C' has fle;i.le
networ9ing /odes!
4+% )asic Concepts
This topi desri.es the .asi onepts that are related to the in.and ,C'" inluding the
protool sta9s that the in.and ,C' supports and the /ethods for the '4& to aess the 'D!
4+%+# Protocol Stac,
The in.and ,C' supports the HC DCC and IP protool sta9s" whih are opti/i8ed .ased on
traditional protool sta9s!
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!; :CC Protocol Stac,
The HC DCC is a proprietary protool of Huawei! The HC DCC protool sta9 is opti/i8ed
.ased on the arhiteture of the DCC protool defined in the $&I se0en-layer referene /odel!
The HC DCC solution is widely used .y Huawei trans/ission e6uip/ent and is /ature!
+igure B-1 shows the arhiteture of the HC DCC protool sta9!
Figure 1.1 -rhiteture of the HC DCC protool sta9
&< 5CC
protoco(
OS2 "o!e(
'ransport (a#er
Net%or- (a#er
>e!ia access
(a#er
:#sica( (a#er
.pp(ication (a#er
:resentation (a#er
Session (a#er
'ransport (a#er
Net%or- (a#er
Data (in- (a#er
:#sica( (a#er
Physial #ayer
The /ain funtion of the physial layer is to ontrol the physial hannel" and reei0e
and trans/it the data in the physial hannel! The physial layer perfor/s the following
funtions7
N The physial layer reei0es the data in the physial hannel and transfers the data to
the upper layer!
N The physial layer reei0es the data fra/e transferred fro/ the upper layer and sends
it to the physial hannel!
4edia -ess #ayer
The /ain funtion of the /edia aess layer (4-C layer) is to ati0ate or lose physial
the ,CCs .etween the physial layer and the networ9 layer! The 4-C layer perfor/s
the following funtions7
N The 4-C layer reei0es the data fra/e transferred fro/ the physial layer! If the
destination address is the sa/e as the address of the loal station" the 4-C layer
transfers the data fra/e to the networ9 layer! $therwise" the 4-C layer disards the
data fra/e!
N The 4-C layer sends the data fra/e fro/ the networ9 layer! If the destination
address of the data fra/e has a 4-C onnetion" the 4-C layer sends the data
fra/e to the orresponding physial hannel at the physial layer through the 4-C
onnetion! $therwise" the 4-C layer disards the data fra/e!
'etwor9 #ayer
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The /ain funtion of the networ9 layer ('DT layer) is to pro0ide the route addressing
funtion for data fra/es and the route /anage/ent (inluding the route reation and
/aintenane) funtion for the DCC networ9!
N The 'DT layer reei0es the pa9et transferred fro/ the 4-C layer! If the destination
address of the pa9et is the sa/e as the address of the loal station" the 'DT layer
transfers the pa9et to the transport layer! $therwise" the 'DT layer re6uests the
4-C layer to transfer the pa9et to the transfer station aording to the routing entry
that /athes the destination address in the 'DT layer routing ta.le!
N The 'DT layer sends the pa9et fro/ the transport layer! The 'DT layer re6uests the
4-C layer to transfer the pa9et to the transfer station aording to the routing entry
that /athes the destination address of the pa9et in the 'DT layer routing ta.le!
Transport #ayer
ser0ie for the upper layer! The o//uniation .etween the $pti% e6uip/ent and the
'4& is ontrolled .y the end-to-end onnetion-oriented ser0ie at the appliation layer!
Hene" the transport layer pro0ides only the end-to-end onnetionless o//uniation
ser0ie" na/ely" transparent data transfer ser0ie!
IP Protocol Stac,
+igure B-2 shows the arhiteture of the IP protool sta9!
Figure 1.1 -rhiteture of the IP protool sta9
OS:F
'C:/0D:
2:
5ternet
'ransport (a#er
Net%or- (a#er
:#sica( (a#er
Data (in- (a#er
Routin) protoco(
:::
:::o5
F5/G5
Physial #ayer
The /ain funtion of the physial layer is to pro0ide hannels for data trans/ission
.etween the data end e6uip/ent! The Dthernet physial hannel pro0ided .y the +D or
<D or 10 <D interfae funtions as the hannel on the physial layer!
,ata #in9 #ayer
The /ain funtion of the data lin9 layer is to pro0ide relia.le data trans/ission for
physial lin9s! The PPP and PPPoD protools are used to reali8e the funtion of the data
lin9 layer!
N The PPPoD protool is used to reate the point-to-point onnetion" to reate the PPP
interfae for the PPP protool" and to enapsulate the PPP pa9et into the 4-C fra/e
for trans/ission to the opposite end!
N The PPP protool ontrols the reation" re/o0al" and /onitoring of the lin9"
oordinates the for/at and type of the arried networ9 layer data pa9et" and adopts
the handsha9e /ehanis/ to guarantee the safe trans/ission of the pa9et!
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'etwor9 #ayer
The /ain funtion of the networ9 layer is to speify the networ9 layer address for a
networ9 entity and to pro0ide the transferring and addressing funtions!
The 'D uses the IP protool and the orresponding -2P and IC4P protools to reali8e
the networ9 layer funtions!
Transport #ayer
ser0ie for the upper layer!
The 'D supports the onnetion-oriented TCP protool and the onnetionless-oriented
5,P protool!
2outing Protools
2outing protools .elong to the sope of the appliation layer! =y default" the 'D uses
the $&P+ protool!
The $&P+ protool is a dyna/i routing protool .ased on the lin9 status! The $&P+
protool di0ides an autono/ous syste/ (-&) into se0eral areas! 2oute nodes e;hange
routing infor/ation in an area! The route nodes at the edge of an area /a9e a su//ary
and e;hange infor/ation with the routers in other areas! -reas are identified .y area
I,s! The area I, has the sa/e for/at as the IP address!
Currently" the $&P+ protool used .y the $pti% $&' e6uip/ent supports only the
routes within an area" .ut does not support the routes .etween areas! Hene" the gateway
'D and all its /anaged non-gateway 'Ds /ust .e in the sa/e $&P+ area! =y default"
the $&P+ protool is ena.led for the line port of the $pti% e6uip/ent .ut is disa.led for
the Dthernet port! Hene" to for/ a networ9 through the Dthernet port" you need to
/odify the $&P+ setting of the 'D!
In addition to the dyna/i routing protool" the 'D supports stati routes! &tati routes
refer to the routes that are /anually onfigured! &tati routes ha0e a higher priority than
dyna/i routes! Chen there is a route onflit" the e6uip/ent always selets stati routes
first!
4+%+% Access .ethods
In the in.and ,C' solution" there are two /ethods for the '4& to aess an 'D7 aess
through the gateway and diret aess!
Access Throuh the Gate7ay
Through this /ethod" the '4& /anages a non-gateway 'D through the gateway 'D! The
gateway 'D 6ueries the ore routing ta.le of the appliation layer aording to the I, of the
'D to .e aessed to o.tain the orresponding route!
protool sta9s! Dah routing entry inludes the following ite/s7
I, of the destination 'D
-ddress of the transfer 'D
Co//uniation protool sta9 of the transfer 'D
Transfer distane
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Direct'Access .ethod
Through this /ethod" the '4& /anages an 'D as the gateway 'D! -ll transfer 'Ds on the
aess path 6uery the IP routing ta.le of the networ9 layer aording to the IP address of the
'D to .e aessed to o.tain the orresponding route!
The IP routing ta.le is .ased on routing protools! It inludes .oth dyna/i routes generated
aording to routing protools and stati routes onfigured .y operators! Dah routing entry
inludes the following ite/s7
,estination IP address
&u.net /as9
IP address of the gateway
Interfae
Chen the '4& diretly /anages an 'D" there /ust .e an IP route .etween the '4& and the
'D!
In the in.and ,C' solution" the '4& an aess any 'D .y using the ! That is" the '4& an
onsider any 'D as the gateway 'D! +or the purpose of i/pro0ing the o//uniation
effiieny" howe0er" it is not reo//ended that a large nu/.er of 'Ds on a networ9 are
aessed through this /ethod!
4+& Speci6cations
This setion desri.es the speifiations of in.and ,C'!
Item Speci6cations
,CC
hannel
Total nu/.er of
,CC hannels
$pti% $&' (007 32
$pti% $&' ((07 B@
$pti% $&' (*07 B@
Channel type $pti% $&' (007 +D)<D port
$pti% $&' ((07 +D)<D)10 <D port
$pti% $&' (*07 +D)<D)10 <D port
2ange of used
1#-' I,s
2 to @0A@ (,efault 0alue7 @0A@)
,efault ,C'
1#-' P2I
B
2ange of
.andwidth
B@ 9.it)s to 1000 9.it)s (,efault 0alue7 (129.it)s)! This
para/eter is set aording to the hannel type!
Protool sta9 IP (.y default)
HCDCC
2oute type ,iret route
&tati route
,yna/i route
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Item Speci6cations
,yna/i

routing
protoo
l
Protool type $&P+
$&P+ routing type &upports only the routes within an area .ut does not
support the routes .etween areas!
Type of the port on
whih the $&P+
protool is ena.led
,CC port (ena.led .y default)
#-' port (disa.led .y default)
NOTE
- ,CC port refers to a port at whih the ,C' pa9et is
trans/itted through the ,CC .ytes!
- #-' port refers to an Dthernet '4 port or 'D asading port!
$&P+ para/eters &upports the settings of the following para/eters7
-rea
Hello pa9et ti/er
'eigh.or failure ti/e
Pa9et retrans/ission ti/er
Trans/ission hold-off ti/e
$&P+ route
diffusion
&upports the i/port of e;ternal routes aording to the
route type! The supported e;ternal route types inlude7
,iret route
&tati route
-ess /ethod &upports the gateway aess /ode and diret aess /ode
when the IP protool is used!
&upports the gateway aess /ode when the HCDCC
protool is used!
-ess ontrol &upported
&ale of the ,C' su.net Cith the ,C' .andwidth of 1A2 9.it)s" it is reo//ended
that a ,C' su.net ha0e not /ore than 120 'Ds! The
/a;i/u/ nu/.er of 'Ds on an DCC su.net is 1(0!
4+0 Re8erence Standards and Protocols
There are no standards or protools that the in.and ,C' o/plies with!
4+2 Availability
The in.and ,C' funtion re6uires the support of the applia.le e6uip/ent" .oards" and
software!
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Version Support
$pti% $&' (00 1100200(C00 and later
$pti% $&' ((0 1100200(C01 and later
$pti% $&' (*0 11002003C10 and later
!ard7are Support
)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
C&H, 1100200(C00 and later $pti% $&' (00
D4BT

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D4B+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
D+*+

$pti% $&' (007
$pti% $&' ((07

$pti% $&' (00)((0
PC% 1100200(C01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
D%1 1100200BC01 and later $pti% $&' ((0
H5',2 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
D420 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
Copyright Huawei
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)oard Applicable
:Buipment Version
Applicable
:Buipment
H5'&3 11002003C10 and later $pti% $&' (*0
4+4 -eature Dependency and 5imitation
This setion desri.es the li/itations on and preautions for in.and ,C' in the networ9
design phase" onfiguration and o//issioning phase" and /aintenane phase!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
Dntire feature The 1#-' I,s of
/anage/ent infor/ation
and ser0ie /ust .e
different!
4a9e sure that the
/anage/ent infor/ation is
trans/itted separately fro/
the ser0ie in the sa/e
physial hannel!
The interonneted ports on
two 'Ds /ust use the sa/e
,C' protool (HCDCC or
IP)!
')-
'etwor9 topology - ring is reo//ended! If
neessary" reate an e;tra
,C' hannel to help to
for/ a ring!
4a9e sure that the networ9
is relia.le! Chen a fi.er ut
ours or an 'D is running
i/properly" route protetion
/ust .e a0aila.le!
1#-' I, In general ases" use the
default 1#-' I," that is"
@0A@! Chen the 1#-' I,
of ser0ie onflits with that
of /anage/ent infor/ation"
/anually hange a 1#-'
I,!
4a9e sure that the ,C's on
the entire networ9 use the
sa/e 1#-' I,!
Protool /ode The in.and ,C' supports
the HCDCC and IP protool
sta9s! Chen the loal 'D is
interonneted with an 'D
using the HCDCC protool"
the protool /ode of the
loal 'D /ust .e set to
HCDCCI when the loal 'D
is interonneted with an
'D using the IP protool"
')-
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5imitation Details
Remar,s
the protool /ode of the
loal 'D /ust .e set to IP!
=efore the loal 'D is
interonneted with another
'D" the in.and ,C'
protool of the loal 'D is
IP .y default!
Chen interonneted with
the e6uip/ent that does not
support the HCDCC
protool" the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent /ust use the IP
protool!
')-
If a ping test is re6uired" the
protool /ode of the
opposite 'D /ust .e set to
IP!
')-
2outing protool Currently" the $&P+
protool used .y the $pti%
$&' e6uip/ent supports
only the routes within an
area" .ut does not support
the routes .etween areas!
Therefore" the gateway 'D
(<'D) and all its non-<'Ds
/ust .e in the sa/e $&P+
area!
')-
The priniples in the e6uip/ent onfiguration and o//issioning phases are as follows!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
1#-' I, The 1#-' I, of non-<'Ds
/ust .e onfigured prior to
that of a <'D!
4a9e sure that the non-
<'Ds are reaha.le to the
<'D!
The 1#-' I, of
/anage/ent infor/ation
annot .e deleted!
')-
Protool /ode $n a networ9 using the
in.and ,C'" the para/eters
of all the 'Ds /ust .e set to
the sa/e! The ,C' protool
para/eters for the non-
')-
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5imitation Details
Remar,s
<'Ds are hanged .efore
those for the <'D!
IP address of ''I Chen the ,C' port on the
e6uip/ent is interonneted
with the '4&" the IP
addresses of the '4& and
the ''I /ust .e in the sa/e
networ9 seg/ent!
')-
2outing protool The 'D supports stati and
dyna/i routes! - stati
route refers to the route that
is /anually onfigured! -
stati route has a higher
priority than a dyna/i
route! Chen there is a
onflit .etween the/" a
stati route preedes!
')-
$n the $pti% $&'
e6uip/ent" the $&P+
protool is ena.led .y
default on the line port" .ut
is disa.led .y default on the
Dthernet port! Therefore" the
$&P+ protool /ust .e
ena.led on Dthernet ports
.efore you use the/ for
networ9ing!
')-
Dntire feature If a port on the CE1 .oard is
ena.led with the in.and
,C' funtion" it annot
funtion as the protetion
port in a pa9et linear 4&P
group! That is" if a port is
the protetion port in a
pa9et linear 4&P group" it
annot .e ena.led with the
in.and ,C' funtion!
in0ol0ed!
The priniples in the e6uip/ent /aintenane phase are as follows!
5imitation Details
Remar,s
Dntire feature Chen you handle in.and
,C' faults" first o/es the
')-
Copyright Huawei
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5imitation Details
Remar,s
<'D" then the non-<'Ds if
'D o//uniation failsI if
'D o//uniation is
a0aila.le" first o/e the
non-<'Ds" then the <'D" to
/aintain 'D
o//uniation!
If swithing ours .etween
the wor9ing and protetion
syste/ ontrol .oards" the
.oard using the ,C'
protool is auto/atially
reset (war/)! ,C'
o//uniation reo0ers
auto/atially when the
P2$< indiator is steady
green!
')-
4+* Principles
The ,C' pa9et o//uniates the /anage/ent infor/ation so that the '4& an ontrol the
/anaged e6uip/ent! To reali8e the ,C' funtion" the o//uniation hannels" on whih the
/anage/ent infor/ation is trans/itted" /ust .e set up .etween the '4& and 'Ds!
4+*+# .essae Trans8er in the !; :CC Protocol Stac,
In the HC DCC solution" the /essages .etween 'Ds are transferred at the 'DT layer of the
'Ds!
+igure B-3 illustrates how the /essage is transferred in the HC DCC protool sta9!
The reali8ation priniple is as follows7
2! The gateway 'D e;trats the /essage fro/ the TCP)IP protool sta9 and reports the
/essage to the appliation layer!
3! The appliation layer of the gateway 'D 6ueries the address of the destination 'D in the
/essage! If the address of the destination 'D is not the sa/e as the address of the loal
station" the gateway 'D 6ueries the ore routing ta.le of the appliation layer aording
to the address of the destination 'D to o.tain the orresponding route and the
o//uniation protool sta9 of the transfer 'D!
@! $n the pa9et that enapsulates the /essage is reei0ed" the 'DT layer of the transfer
'D 6ueries the address of the destination 'D of the pa9et! If the address of the
destination 'D is not the sa/e as the address of the loal station" the transfer 'D 6ueries
the 'DT layer routing ta.le aording to the address of the destination 'D to o.tain the
orresponding route and then transfers the pa9et!
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(! -fter the pa9et is reei0ed" the 'DT layer of the destination 'D reports the pa9et to the
appliation layer through the #@ layer .eause the address of the destination 'D of the
pa9et is the sa/e as the address of the loal station! The appliation layer perfor/s
operations aording to the /essage sent fro/ the '4&!
Figure 1.1 4essage transfer in the HC DCC protool sta9
F5/G5
>.C
N5'
5ternet
'C:
.pp(ication
5ternet
'C:
.pp(ication
F5/G5
>.C
N5'
,B
F5/G5
>.C
N5'
,B
.pp(ication
2: 2:
The 4-C refers to the /edia aess layer" 'DT refers to the networ9 layer" and #@ refers to the
transport layer!
4+*+% .essae Trans8er in the IP Protocol Stac,
In the IP protool sta9" an 'D transfers /essages" depending on the /ethod that the '4&
uses to aess an 'D! -ordingly" the reali8ation priniples are different!
+igure B-@ illustrates how the /essage is transferred in the IP protool sta9!
The reali8ation priniple is as follows7
1! The '4& transfers appliation layer /essages to the gateway 'D through the TCP)IP
2! The gateway 'D e;trats the /essage fro/ the TCP)IP protool sta9 and reports the
/essage to the appliation layer!
3! The appliation layer of the gateway 'D proesses the /essage aording to the address
of the destination 'D!
a! the address of the destination 'D is not the sa/e as the address of the loal station"
the gateway 'D 6ueries the ore routing ta.le of the appliation layer aording to
the address of the destination 'D to o.tain the orresponding route!
.! The gateway 'D enapsulates the /essage into the Dthernet data fra/e" adds the
1#-' I, that identifies a ,C' pa9et" and transfers the ,C' pa9et to the
orresponding port!
@! The transfer 'D proesses the pa9et aording to the 1#-' I, of the reei0ed Dthernet
data pa9et!
a! The data pa9et with a /anage/ent 1#-' I, is onsidered as a ,C' pa9et and is
transferred to the upper layer for protool proessing! The data pa9et with a non-
/anage/ent 1#-' I, is onsidered as a ser0ie pa9et and therefore is forwarded!
.! In the ase of a ,C' pa9et" the networ9 layer of the transfer 'D parses the
destination IP address of the data pa9et! If the destination IP address is not the
sa/e as the IP address of the loal station" the transfer 'D 6ueries the routing ta.le
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generated .y the $&P+ protool to o.tain the orresponding route and then transfers
the data pa9et to the orresponding port!
(! -fter the Dthernet data pa9et is reei0ed" the destination 'D sends the ,C' pa9et with
a /anage/ent 1#-' I, to the upper layer for protool proessing! The destination IP
address of the ,C' pa9et is the sa/e as the IP address of the loal station! Therefore"
the ,C' pa9et is trans/itted fro/ the trans/ission layer to the appliation layer! The
appliation layer perfor/s operations aording to the /essage sent fro/ the '4&!
Figure 1.1 4essage transfer in the IP protool sta9
F5/G5
:::o5
:::
F5/G5
:::o5
:::
2:
5ternet
2:
'C:
.pp(ication
5ternet
2:
'C:
.pp(ication
2:
'C:
2:
'C:
.pp(ication
F5/G5
:::o5
:::
The +D or <D or 10 <D lin9 funtions as the physial hannel to transfer the data!
This topi /ainly desri.es how the /essage is transferred when the '4& /anages an 'D through the
gateway 'D! The reali8ation priniple of /essage transfer when the '4& diretly /anages an 'D is
si/ilar" and therefore no details are pro0ided!
4+1 Plannin Guidelines
+ollow ertain guidelines when you plan in.and ,C'!
Plannin Guidelines on V5AN IDs and )and7idth
$n one su.net (o/posed of one <'D and the non-<'Ds under its ontrol)" the
/anage/ent 1#-' I,s of all 'Ds /ust .e the sa/e!
The /anage/ent 1#-' I, used for in.and ,C' /ust .e different fro/ the 1#-' I,
arried .y Dthernet ser0ies! It is reo//ended that you use default 0alues!
The /anage/ent 1#-' I, ranges fro/ 2 to @0A@!
The .andwidth of in.and ,C' an .e deter/ined aording to the nu/.er of 'Ds on a
su.net! It is reo//ended that you use default 0alues!
The ,C' .andwidth of Dthernet port ranges fro/ B@ 9.it)s to 20@* 9.it)s! The
reo//ended range is 1A2 9.it)s to 20@* 9.it)s!
The ,C' .andwidth of Dthernet port is reo//ended to .e (12 9.it)s!
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Plannin Guidelines on Inband DCN Channels
Chen the e6uip/ent is interonneted with the pa9et e6uip/ent that adopts in.and
,C' through the +D)<D interfae" you need to ena.le the in.and ,C' funtion on the
+D)<D interfae!
In other ases" it is reo//ended that you disa.le the in.and ,C' funtion on the
+D)<D)10 <D interfae so that the e;ternal ,C' she/e an .e used only!
It is reo//ended that the nu/.er of in.and ,C' hannels .etween two 'Ds should
not e;eed two!
Plannin Guidelines on Protection Types
Chen the e6uip/ent is interonneted with the pa9et e6uip/ent that adopts in.and
,C'" the types of protools ena.led at .oth ends should .e the sa/e! It is reo//ended
that you adopt the IP protools!
The HCDCC protool is Huawei defined" applia.le to Huawei e6uip/ent! Chen an
in.and ,C' pa9et is re6uired to tra0erse a third-party networ9" set )rotocol T/-e to
1)!
Chen the nu/.er of 'Ds on an in.and ,C' e;eeds B@" you need to use the HCDCC
protool!
Plannin Guidelines on GN:s
The <'D /ust .e an 'D onneted to the '4& through networ9 a.le!
- <'D is a.le to /anage as /any as B0 non-<'Ds" .ut a /a;i/u/ of (0 is
reo//ended!
It is reo//ended that the <'D .e the losest 'D to the '4&" the entral node of a start
networ9" or the 'D that arries the largest nu/.er of ,C' hannels!
Cith the ,C' .andwidth of 1A2 9.it)s" it is reo//ended that an DCC su.net has not
/ore than 120 'Ds! The /a;i/u/ nu/.er of 'Ds on an DCC su.net is 1(0!
Chen the nu/.er of 'Ds on an DCC networ9 e;eeds 120" it is reo//ended that you
inrease <'Ds to di0ide the networ9 into /ultiple DCC su.nets!
Plannin Guidelines on IP Addresses o8 N:s
+ollow these priniples when planning the IP addresses of 'Ds7
&et the IP addresses of 'Ds for the /ost si/plified route settings!
The IP address" su.net /as9" and default gateway of the <'D /ust /eet the planning
re6uire/ents of e;ternal ,C'!
&et the IP address of a non-<'D aording to the 'D I,!
The IP address of a non-<'D is 0;*1000000LI,! +or e;a/ple" if the 'D I, is 0;0A0001" set the IP
address to 12A!A!0!1!
=y default" the su.net /as9 is 2((!2((!0!0!
Plannin Guidelines on Access Control
+ollow these priniples when planning aess ontrol7
Chen the <'D needs to o//uniate with the '4& through an Dthernet ser0ie port"
ena.le the aess ontrol funtion on the ser0ie port!
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The IP address of the ser0ie port on whih the aess ontrol funtion is ena.led annot
.e in the sa/e networ9 seg/ent as that of the '4&!
Chen .eing trans/itted)reei0ed at the ser0ie port on whih the aess ontrol funtion
is ena.led" the ,C' pa9et is tagged with a 1#-' I,! Therefore" .efore the ,C'
pa9et arri0es at the '4&" the 1#-' I, needs to .e stripped off .y e6uip/ent (for
e;a/ple" a #-' swith)!
It is reo//ended that the '4& should o//uniate with the <'D through the IP
address of the ser0ie port on whih the aess ontrol funtion is ena.led!
4+/ Con6urin the Inband DCN
,uring networ9 planning" you do not need to set up an independent ,C' for /anage/ent
and ontrol! Instead" you an use ertain .andwidths of a ser0ie networ9 to set up a ,C'!
4+/+# Settin the V5AN ID and )and7idth Used by an
Inband DCN
If the e6uip/ent o//uniates with the '4& through the in.and ,C'" the networ9
/anage/ent infor/ation is trans/itted with the ser0ie infor/ation! In this ase" the
e6uip/ent identifies the /anage/ent infor/ation through a default 1#-' I,! The
.andwidth used .y an in.and ,C' an .e ad:usted aording to the networ9 status!
PrereBuisites
Conte9t
If the default 1#-' I, of the in.and ,C' onflits with the 1#-' I, used .y the
ser0ie" you an /anually /odify the 1#-' I, of the in.and ,C'! Dnsure that the
,C's on the entire networ9 use the sa/e 1#-' I,!
If the ,C' pa9et does not use all the preset .andwidth" the idle .andwidth an .e
shared with the ser0ie pa9et!
It is reo//ended that you perfor/ /odifiation first on the non-gateway 'Ds and then
on the gateway 'D to pre0ent the non-gateway 'Ds fro/ .eing unreaha.le to the '4&!
Procedure
In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D and hoose Commuicatio > ,CN Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # Cli9 the Badwidt$ Maagemet ta." and set the re6uired para/eters!
Chen you set these para/eters" pay attention to the following points7
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Cli9 ,efault" and the para/eter ta9es the default 0alue!
<enerally" use the default 1#-' I, (@0A@)! Chen the 1#-' I, used .y the ser0ie onflits with
the 1#-' I, used .y a ,C' hannel" define another 1#-' I, for the ,C' hannel! Dnsure that
the ,C' hannels on the entire networ9 use the sa/e 1#-' I,!
The .andwidth ranges fro/ B@ 4.it)s to 1000 4.it)s! It is reo//ended that you set the .andwidth
to a 0alue greater than (12 4.it)s! $therwise" the networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation is trans/itted at
a low rate!
Step % Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
4+/+% Settin the Parameters 8or N.S Access
$n a traditional ,C'" the e6uip/ent is onneted to the '4& through the &CC .oard! The
$pti% $&' e6uip/ent an also .e onneted to the '4& through the '4 interfae on the
Dthernet .oard! In this ase" set the para/eters of the Dthernet .oard for '4 aess so that the
e6uip/ent an nor/ally o//uniate with the '4&!
PrereBuisites
Precautions
&et these para/eters only when the e6uip/ent is onneted to the '4& through the Dthernet ser0ie
.oard!
=y default" Eabled %tatus is set to ,isabled!
Chen the ,C' port is interonneted with the '4&" the IP address of the '4& and the IP
address of the ''I on the e6uip/ent /ust .e set to the sa/e seg/ent!
Procedure
Step # Cli9 the Access Cotrol ta." and set the re6uired para/eters!
Step % Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
4+/+& Con6urin the DCN -unction 8or a Port
The networ9 /anage/ent infor/ation an .e trans/itted o0er the in.and ,C' when the
,C' funtion is ena.led for the ports at .oth ends of a lin9!
PrereBuisites
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Chen you onfigure an Dthernet ser0ie that e;lusi0ely oupies a port" disa.le the
,C' funtion of the port!
Procedure
Step # Cli9 the )ort %ettigs ta.!
Step % In the orresponding Eabled %tatus field of the related port" selet Eabled!
Step & Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
4+/+0 Settin the Protocol Stac, Used by an Inband
DCN
In.and ,C' pa9ets an .e trans/itted through the IP protool or HCDCC protool!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
Step # Cli9 the )rotocol %ettigs ta.! &et )rotocol T/-e of the orresponding port!
The HCDCC protool is an internal protool of Huawei and is applia.le to the Huawei e6uip/ent!
Chen in.and ,C' pa9ets need to pass through the third-party networ9" you need to set )rotocol T/-e
to 1)!
Step % Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
4+/+2 Settin Inband DCN Pac,et Priority
This setion desri.es how to set the in.and ,C' pa9et priority! Chen a networ9 ongestion
ours" ,C' pa9ets are forwarded .ased on priority to ensure the o//uniation .etween
the e6uip/ent and the '4&!
PrereBuisites
Procedure
&elet the 'D in the 'D D;plorer! Choose Commuicatio > ,CN Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
Step # &elet the )ac*et Cotrol ta." and set )ac*et )riorit/ of orresponding ports! +or how to set
the para/eter" see B!13!( Pa9et Control!
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Step % Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
4+#" Veri8yin the Inband DCN
To he9 whether the onfigured in.and ,C' funtions nor/ally" 0erify whether all the .asi
funtions of the in.and ,C' are a0aila.le!
PrereBuisites
The in.and ,C' /ust .e onfigured!
Oou an 0erify the 4P#& -P& in the following aspets7
Create a non-gateway 'D .y using the 52000! -fter the reation" the user an log in to
the non-gateway 'D and an upload the data of the 'D to the 52000!
Euery the ,C' /anage/ent infor/ation a.out the non-gateway 'D .y using the
52000! The in.and ,C' should .e onfigured orretly!
Change the para/eters of the ,C'" suh as the protool /ode! The in.and ,C' should
funtion nor/ally!
Procedure
Create a non-gateway 'D .y using the 52000! -fter the reation" the user an log in to the non-gateway 'D and
an upload the data of the 'D to the 52000!
&et 9atewa/ T/-e to No.9atewa/" and then set Affiliated 9atewa/ to the gateway 'D on the in.and
,C'!
Step # Euery the ,C' /anage/ent infor/ation a.out the non-gateway 'D .y using the 52000! The
in.and ,C' should .e onfigured orretly!
1! In the 4ain 4enu" hoose Admiistratio > ,CN Maagemet!
2! Choose Filter 1formatio in the Filter NE ta." then li9 OK!
3! Cli9 the NE ta.!
@! Cli9 2efres$ to he9 whether the Commuicatio %tatus of the non-gateway 'D is
Normal!
Step % Change the para/eters of the ,C'" suh as the protool /ode! The in.and ,C' should
funtion nor/ally!
$n a networ9 where the in.and ,C' o//uniations are adopted" the para/eters of all the 'Ds /ust
.e the sa/e! The para/eters suh as the ,C' protool /ode of non-gateway 'Ds need to .e hanged
.efore the para/eters suh as the ,C' protool /ode of the gateway 'Ds are hanged!
1! In the 4ain Topology" right-li9 the 'D to .e onfigured" and then hoose NE
2! In the 'D D;plorer" selet the 'D to .e onfigured" and then hoose Commuicatio >
,CN Maagemet fro/ the +untion Tree!
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3! Change the para/eters" suh as Badwidt$ and )rotocol T/-e!
@! Cli9 A--l/!
....Ed
-ollo7'up Procedure
If testing the in.and ,C' fails" retify faults .y referring to B!11 Trou.leshooting!
4+## Troubleshootin
Symptoms
The o//on faults in the in.and ,C' are as follows7
The o//uniation .etween the 52000 and 'Ds is interrupted" and the 'D ion on the
52000 turns grey!
'o response is returned for a o//and that is issued on the 52000! If the response ti/e
e;eeds two /inutes" it indiates that the o//uniation .etween the 52000 and the 'D
is interrupted!
&o/e infor/ation that is 6ueried on the 52000 is lost!
Possible Causes
The physial lin9 .etween the faulty 'D and the 52000 is disonneted!
The ports of the faulty 'D on the in.and ,C' are disa.led!
The 'D fails to o.tain the ,C' pa9ets" .eause the reei0ed signals are lost or the
reei0ed optial power is 0ery low!
- ertain .oard is faulty!
'o response is returned for the in.and ,C'" .eause a .oard on the faulty 'D is .eing
reset or the wor9ing .oard is swithed to the protetion .oard!
The .andwidth of the in.and ,C' path is 0ery low or other ser0ies pree/pt the
.andwidth of the ,C' path!
,uring the in.and ,C' trou.leshooting7
If the o//uniation .etween 'Ds is interrupted" retify the fault on the gateway 'D .efore
retifying the fault on the non-gateway 'D!
If the o//uniation .etween 'Ds is nor/al" retify the fault on the non-gateway 'D .efore the
fault on the gateway 'D so that the non-gateway 'D an o//uniate with the 52000!
Troubleshootin -lo7
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Figure 1.1 +lowhart for trou.leshooting the in.and ,C'
Contact te &ua%ei
tecnica( support en)ineers
No
Kes
5na$(e te DCN
function for a port
Reconnect te net%or-
ca$(e or fi$ers
Kes
Rep(ace te $oar!
&an!(e te a(ar"s
re(ate! to te optica(
po%er an! fi$er/ca$(e
Kes
Kes
Kes
<ait for te co"p(etion of
reset on te s#ste" contro(
2ncrease te $an!%i!t for
te DCN pat or (o%er te
priorities of te oter ser/ices
'e $an!%i!t of te
DCN pat is /er# (o%
'e s#ste" contro(
$oar! is $ein) reset
Kes
Kes
Start
Cec- %eter
te N5 icon
turns )re#
No
Cec- %eter tere is
an# response to te
operation co""an! on
te 02000
Cec- %eter
an# infor"ation is
(ost on te 02000
No
<eter %eter
te p#sica(
connection is in
)oo! con!ition
Cec- %eter te
si)na( fai(s to $e
recei/e!
No
No
Cec- %eter a
certain $oar! is
fau(t#
No
'e co""unication
$et%een te 02000 an!
te N5 is interrupte!
Kes
Cec-
%eter te
fau(t is
rectifie!
5n!
Cec- %eter te
DCN function is
!isa$(e! for te port
Procedure
Cause 17 The physial lin9 .etween the faulty 'D and the 52000 is disonneted!
1! Che9 whether the networ9 a.le or fi.er of the faulty 'D is disonneted fro/ the port!
If yes" reonnet it to the port!
Step # Cause 27 The ports of the faulty 'D on the in.and ,C' funtion are disa.led!
1! Che9 whether the funtion of aessing the ,C' is ena.led for the ports at .oth ends of
the lin9! If no" ena.le the ports on the in.and ,C'!
Step % Cause 37 The 'D fails to o.tain the ,C' pa9ets" .eause the reei0ed signals are lost or the
reei0ed optial power is 0ery low!
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1! Che9 whether an alar/ suh as DTHH#$& is generated on the .oard that is onfigured
with the in.and ,C'! If the alar/ is generated" see the Alarms and Performance Events
Reference to lear it!
Step & Cause @7 - ertain .oard is faulty!
1! Euery whether the H-2,H=-, alar/ is reported .y a .oard that is onfigured with the
in.and ,C'! If yes" see the Alarms and Performance Events Reference to lear it!
Step 0 Cause (7 'o response is returned for the in.and ,C'" .eause a .oard on the faulty 'D is
.eing reset or the wor9ing .oard is swithed to the protetion .oard!
1! Che9 whether the P2$< indiator on the syste/ ontrol .oard .lin9s green! If yes" it
indiates that the syste/ ontrol .oard is .eing reset! Chen the P2$< indiator is steady
green" it indiates that the syste/ ontrol .oard runs nor/ally! Then" the ,C' is
reonneted auto/atially!
If the wor9ing syste/ ontrol .oard is swithed to the protetion syste/ ontrol .oard" a war/ reset is
perfor/ed auto/atially on the urrent syste/ ontrol .oard!
2! If no response is returned fro/ the ,C'" he9 whether any other wor9ing .oard is
swithed to the protetion .oard" whih an result in rerouting of the pa9ets on the
in.and ,C'!
3! If a wor9ing .oard is swithed to the protetion .oard" the response is returned
auto/atially after the pa9ets are rerouted on the ,C'!
Step 2 Cause B7 The .andwidth of the in.and ,C' path is 0ery low or other ser0ies pree/pt the
.andwidth of the ,C' path!
1! If the nu/.er of ser0ies that are onfigured for the ports e;eeds the speified 0alue"
so/e 6ueried infor/ation /ay .e lost! In this ase" you need to inrease the .andwidth
of the in.and ,C' path properly! +or the detailed operations" see the B!A!1 &etting the
1#-' I, and =andwidth 5sed .y an In.and ,C'!
Step 4 If the fault persists" ontat Huawei tehnial support engineers to handle the fault!
....Ed
4+#% Relevant Alarms and :vents
There are no alar/s and e0ents related to the in.and ,C'!
4+#& Parameters 8or Con6urin Inband DCN
This setion desri.es the para/eters for onfiguring in.and ,C'!
4+#&+# )and7idth .anaement
Configuring in-.and ,C' .andwidth /anage/ent fouses on setting of '!AN 1, and
Badwidt$ 3*b-s4 for a .oard!
Ta.le B-1 lists para/eters for in-.and ,C' .andwidth /anage/ent!
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Table 1.1 Para/eters for in-.and ,C' .andwidth /anage/ent
Dthernet =oard 1#-'I, 2 to @0A@
,efault 0alue7 @0A@
&ets the 1-#' I, used .y
the ,C'! &et this para/eter
when the '4& and 'Ds are
onneted through Dthernet
ports" or 'Ds are onneted
through Dthernet ports!
The default 0alue is
reo//ended for this
para/eter!
=andwidth(G.it)s) B@ to 1000
,efault 0alue7 (12
&ets the .andwidth used .y
when the '4& and 'Ds are
onneted through Dthernet
ports" or 'Ds are onneted
through Dthernet ports!
D1 Port =andwidth(G.it)s) B@ to 20@*
,efault 0alue7 1A2
when D1 ports are used to
arry ser0ies .etween 'Ds!
NOTE
not support this para/eter!
Tunnel =andwidth(G.it)s) B@ to 20@*
,efault 0alue7 102@
when tunnels are used to
NOTE
I+ Port =andwidth(G.it)s) B@ to 20@* &ets the .andwidth used .y
when radio lin9s are used to
NOTE
4+#&+% Access Control
Configuring the in-.and ,C' aess ontrol funtion fouses on setting of 1) Address and
%ubet Mas* for a port!
Ta.le B-2 lists para/eters for in-.and ,C' aess ontrol!
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Table 1.1 Para/eters for in-.and ,C' aess ontrol
Port 'a/e +or e;a/ple" 3-D4B+-
1(P$2T-1)
,isplays Dthernet ports that
an .e onneted to the
networ9 /anage/ent
syste/ ('4&)!
Dna.led &tatus Dna.led" ,isa.led
Dna.les or disa.les a port!
Dna.led7 4anage/ent
infor/ation of the 52000
an .e reei0ed and
trans/itted through this
port!
,isa.led7 4anage/ent
infor/ation of the 52000
annot .e reei0ed and
trans/itted through this
port!
IP -ddress +or e;a/ple" 1!1!1!2 &ets the IP address for a
port!
&u.net 4as9 +or e;a/ple" 2((!2((!2((!0 &ets the su.net /as9 for a
port!
4+#&+& Port Settins
Configuring an in-.and ,C' port fouses on setting of Eabled %tatus!
Ta.le B-3 lists para/eters for onfiguring an in-.and ,C' port!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for onfiguring an in-.and ,C' port
Port 'a/e +or e;a/ple" 3-D4B+-
1(P$2T-1)
,isplays ports used for
trans/itting /anage/ent
infor/ation .etween 'Ds!
Dna.led &tatus Dna.led" ,isa.led
Dna.les or disa.les a port!
Eabled7 4anage/ent
infor/ation .etween 'Ds
an .e trans/itted
through this port!
,isabled7 4anage/ent
infor/ation .etween 'Ds
annot .e trans/itted
through this port!
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4+#&+0 Protocol Settins
This setion desri.es the para/eters for in.and ,C' protool settings!
Ta.le B-@ pro0ides the para/eters for in.and ,C' protool settings!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for in.and ,C' protool settings
Port 'a/e &lot-=oard 'a/e-Port(Port
'o!)
+or e;a/ple7 3-D4B+-
1(P$2T-1)
,isplays the Dthernet port
that an aess the '4&
infor/ation!
Protool Type IP" HCDCC &ets the type of protool
used .y ,C'!
4+#&+2 Pac,et Control
This setion desri.es para/eters for in.and ,C' pa9et ontrol!
Ta.le B-( pro0ides para/eters for in.and ,C' pa9et ontrol!
Table 1.1 Para/eters for in.and ,C' pa9et ontrol
Pa9et Type 1#-'" ,&CP ,isplays the ,C' pa9et
type!
&upported -ppliation -## &ets the pa9et ontrol
range!
Pa9et Priority =D" -+1" -+2" -+3" -+@"
D+" C&B
&ets the in.and ,C' pa9et
priority!
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+eature ,esription - <lossary
A Glossary
Numerics
1E1 bac*u- - .a9up /ethod in whih two o/ponents /irror eah other! If the ati0e
o/ponent goes down" the stand.y o/ponent ta9es o0er ser0ies fro/ the ati0e
o/ponent to ensure that the syste/ ser0ie is not interrupted!
1=N -rotectio -n arhiteture that has ' nor/al ser0ie signals" ' wor9ing &'Cs)trails" and one
protetion &'C)trail! It /ay ha0e one e;tra ser0ie signal!
(9 &ee 3rd <eneration!
(2 reshaping" reti/ing" regenerating
(rd 9eeratio 3(94 The third generation of digital wireless tehnology" as defined .y the International
Teleo//uniations 5nion (IT5)! Third generation tehnology is e;peted to
deli0er data trans/ission speeds .etween 1@@ 9.it)s and 2 4.it)s" o/pared to the
A!B 9.it)s to 1A!2 9.it)s offered .y seond generation tehnology!
A
A0, analog)digit
AAA &ee -uthentiation" -uthori8ation and -ounting!
AA! &ee -T4 -daptation #ayer!
AA!2 -T4 -daptation #ayer Type 2
AA!5 -T4 -daptation #ayer Type (
AB2 &ee a0aila.le .it rate!
ACA) &ee ad:aent hannel alternate polari8ation!
AC> assoiated hannel header
AC! &ee aess ontrol list!
AC! rule - rule for ontrolling the aess of users!
A,M add)drop /ultiple;er
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AF &ee assured forwarding!
A9C auto/ati gain ontrol
A1O asynhronous input)output
A1% alar/ indiation signal
A1% isertio Insertion of -I& in a hannel with e;essi0e errors to indiate that it is una0aila.le!
+or a line .oard" it an .e set whether to insert -I& when there are e;essi0e errors
in the =1" =2 and =3 .ytes! +or tri.utary .oard at the D1)T1 le0el" it an .e set
whether to insert -I& when there are e;essi0e errors in =IP-2! +or tri.utary .oard
at the D3 le0el or higher" it an .e set whether to insert -I& when there are
e;essi0e errors in the =3 .yte!
A!% &ee auto/ati laser shutdown!
AM &ee adapti0e /odulation!
AM1 &ee alternate /ar9 in0ersion!
AN%1 &ee -/erian 'ational &tandards Institute!
A), &ee a0alanhe photodiode!
A)1, aess point identifier
A)% auto/ati protetion swithing
A)% 1E1 -rotectio - protetion arhiteture that o/prises one protetion faility and one wor9ing
faility and perfor/s switho0er .y using the -uto/ati Protetion &withing
(-P&) protool! 'or/ally" signals are sent only o0er the wor9ing faility! If an
-P& switho0er e0ent is deteted .y the wor9ing faility" ser0ies are swithed
o0er to the protetion faility!
A2) &ee -ddress 2esolution Protool!
A% &ee autono/ous syste/!
A%C11 -/erian &tandard Code for Infor/ation Interhange
A%K a/plitude shift 9eying
ATM asynhronous transfer /ode
ATM Ada-tatio !a/er
3AA!4
-n interfae .etween higher-layer protools and -synhronous Transfer 4ode
(-T4)! The --# pro0ides a on0ersion funtion to and fro/ -T4 for 0arious
types of infor/ation" inluding 0oie" 0ideo" and data!
ATM -rotectio grou- #ogially .ound -T4 1P networ9)su.networ9 onnetions that share the sa/e
physial trans/ission hannel! In the 1P <roup (1P<)" a pair of 1P onnetions
(wor9ing onnetion and its proteti0e onnetion) is used for /onitoring the
auto/ati protetion swithing" alled /onitoring onnetions (-P& 1PCs)! If the
/onitoring onnetions swith o0er" the whole 1P< will swith o0er to 6ui9en
the -T4 protetion swithing (as 6ui9 as the protetion swithing of the &,H
layer)!
AT)C &ee auto/ati trans/it power ontrol!
A# &ee ad/inistrati0e unit!
A#9 &ee ad/inistrati0e unit group!
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A"9 arrayed wa0eguide grating
Address 2esolutio
)rotocol 3A2)4
-n Internet Protool used to /ap IP addresses to 4-C addresses! The -2P
protool ena.les hosts and routers to deter/ine lin9 layer addresses through -2P
re6uests and responses! The address resolution is a proess .y whih the host
on0erts the target IP address into a target 4-C address .efore trans/itting a
fra/e! The .asi funtion of -2P is to use the target e6uip/entJs IP address to
6uery its 4-C address!
America Natioal
%tadards 1stitute
3AN%14
-n organi8ation that defines 5!& standards for the infor/ation proessing industry!
Aut$eticatioB
Aut$oriAatio ad
Accoutig 3AAA4
- /ehanis/ for onfiguring authentiation" authori8ation" and aounting
seurity ser0ies! -uthentiation refers to the 0erifiation of user identities and the
related networ9 ser0iesI authori8ation refers to the granting of networ9 ser0ies to
users aording to authentiation resultsI and aounting refers to the tra9ing of
the onsu/ption of networ9 ser0ies .y users!
access - lin9 .etween the usto/er and the teleo//uniation networ9! 4any
tehnologies" suh as the opper wire" optial fi.er" /o.ile" /irowa0e and
satellite" are used for aess!
access cotrol list
3AC!4
- list of entities" together with their aess rights" whih are authori8ed to aess a
resoure!
access la/er - layer that onnets the end users (or last /ile) to the I&P networ9! The aess
layer de0ies are ost-effeti0e and ha0e high-density interfaes! In an atual
networ9" the aess layer inludes the de0ies and a.les .etween the aess points
and the 5PDs!
access -oit -ny entity that has station funtionality and pro0ides aess to the distri.ution
ser0ies" 0ia the wireless /ediu/ (C4) for assoiated stations!
accumulatio The su/ of the ser0ie usage" onsu/ption" and reharge fees of a su.sri.er!
acti&e li* - lin9 in the lin9 aggregation group" whih is onneted to the ati0e interfae!
acti&e mode - wor9ing /ode of D+4 $-4! The diso0ery and re/ote loop.a9 an only .e
initiated .y the interfae in the ati0e /ode!
ada-ti&e modulatio
3AM4
- tehnology that is used to auto/atially ad:ust the /odulation /ode aording
to the hannel 6uality! Chen the hannel 6uality is fa0ora.le" the e6uip/ent uses a
high-effiieny /odulation /ode to i/pro0e the trans/ission effiieny and the
spetru/ utili8ation of the syste/! Chen the hannel 6uality is degraded" the
e6uip/ent uses the low-effiieny /odulation /ode to i/pro0e the anti-
interferene apa.ility of the lin9 that arries high-priority ser0ies!
adCacec/ - portion of the loal routing infor/ation whih pertains to the reaha.ility of a
single neigh.or D& or I& o0er a single iruit! -d:aenies are used as input to the
,eision Proess for for/ing paths through the routing do/ain! - separate
ad:aeny is reated for eah neigh.or on a iruit" and for eah le0el of routing
(i!e! le0el 1 and le0el 2) on a .roadast iruit!
adCacet c$ael
alterate -olariAatio
3ACA)4
- hannel onfiguration /ethod" whih uses two ad:aent hannels (a hori8ontal
polari8ation wa0e and a 0ertial polari8ation wa0e) to trans/it two signals!
adCacet cocateatio - situation where the 0irtual ontainers (1C) to arry onatenated ser0ies in
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&,H are onseuti0e in ter/s of their ser0ie in the fra/e strutures" so that they
use the sa/e path o0erhead (P$H)!
admiistrati&e uit
3A#4
The infor/ation struture that ena.les adaptation .etween the higher order path
layer and the /ultiple; setion layer! The ad/inistrati0e unit onsists of an
infor/ation payload (the higher order 1C) and an -5 pointer" whih indiates the
offset of the payload fra/e start relati0e to the /ultiple; setion fra/e start!
admiistrati&e uit
grou- 3A#94
$ne or /ore ad/inistrati0e units oupying fi;ed" defined positions in an &T4
payload! -n -5< onsists of -5-@s!
ad&aced AC! -n -C# that defines -C# rules .ased on the soure addresses" target addresses"
protool type" suh as TCP soure or target port" the type of the IC4P protool"
and /essage odes!
aggregated li* 4ultiple signaling lin9 sets .etween two nodes!
agig time The ti/e to li0e .efore an o.:et .eo/es in0alid!
air iterface The interfae .etween the ellular phone set or wireless /ode/ (usually porta.le
or /o.ile) and the ati0e .ase station!
alarm - /essage reported when a fault is deteted .y a de0ie or .y the networ9
/anage/ent syste/ during the de0ie polling proess! Dah alar/ orresponds to
a lear alar/! -fter a lear alar/ is reei0ed" the orresponding alar/ is leared!
alarm box - de0ie that reflets the status of an alar/ in 0isual-audio /ode! The alar/ .o;
notifies you of the alar/ generation and alar/ se0erity after it is onneted to the
&ignaling 'etwor9 4anager ser0er or lient and the related para/eters are set!
alarm cascadig The /ethod of asading alar/ signals fro/ se0eral su.ra9s or a.inets!
alarm correlatio
aal/sis
- proess to analy8e orrelated alar/s! +or e;a/ple" if alar/ 2 is generated within
fi0e seonds after alar/ 1 is generated" and it o/plies with the onditions defined
in the alar/ orrelation analysis rule" you an either /as9 the alar/ or raise the
le0el of alar/ 2 aording to the .eha0ior defined in the alar/ orrelation rule!
alarm filterig -n alar/ /anage/ent /ethod! -lar/s are deteted and reported to the '4&
syste/" and whether the alar/ infor/ation is displayed and sa0ed is deided .y the
alar/ filtering status! -n alar/ with the filtering status set to ?+ilter? is not
displayed and sa0ed on the '4&" .ut is /onitored on the 'D!
alarm idicatio - /ehanis/ to indiate the alar/ status of e6uip/ent! $n the a.inet of an 'D"
four differently-olored indiators speify the urrent status of the 'D! Chen the
green indiator is on" the 'D is powered on! Chen the red indiator is on" a ritial
alar/ has .een generated! Chen the orange indiator is on" a /a:or alar/ has .een
generated! Chen the yellow indiator is on" a /inor alar/ has .een generated! The
-#4 alar/ indiator on the front panel of a .oard indiates the urrent status of
the .oard!
alarm i&ersio mode - /ode for an 'D that indiates whether the port is auto/atially restored to the
nor/al status after the ser0ie is aessed or the fault is re/o0ed! There are three
alar/ in0ersion /odes7 nor/al" re0erti.le and non-re0erti.le!
alarm otificatio Chen an error ours" the perfor/ane /easure/ent syste/ sends perfor/ane
alar/s to the destination (for e;a/ple" a file and)or fault /anage/ent syste/)
designated .y users!
alarm su--ressio - /ethod to suppress alar/s for the alar/ /anage/ent purpose! -lar/s that are
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suppressed are no longer reported fro/ 'Ds!
alterate mar*
i&ersio 3AM14
- synhronous lo9 enoding tehni6ue whih uses .ipolar pulses to represent
logial 1 0alues!
aalog sigal - signal in whih infor/ation is represented with a ontinuously 0aria.le physial
6uantity" suh as 0oltage! =eause of this onstant hanging of the wa0e shape
with regard to its passing a gi0en point in ti/e or spae" an analog signal /ight
ha0e a 0irtually indefinite nu/.er of states or 0alues! This ontrasts with a digital
signal that is e;pressed as a s6uare wa0e and therefore has a 0ery li/ited nu/.er
of disrete states! -nalog signals" with o/pliated strutures and narrow
.andwidth" are 0ulnera.le to e;ternal interferene!
assured forwardig
3AF4
$ne of the four per-hop .eha0iors (PH=) defined .y the ,iff-&er0 wor9group of
IDT+! It is suita.le for ertain 9ey data ser0ies that re6uire assured .andwidth and
short delay! +or traffi within the .andwidth li/it" -+ assures 6uality in
forwarding! +or traffi that e;eeds the .andwidth li/it" -+ degrades the ser0ie
lass and ontinues to forward the traffi instead of disarding the pa9ets!
attac* -n atte/pt to .ypass seurity ontrols in a syste/ with the /ission of using that
syste/ or o/pro/ising it! -n atta9 is usually ao/plished .y e;ploiting a
urrent 0ulnera.ility!
atteuatio 2edution of signal /agnitude or signal loss" usually e;pressed in dei.els!
atteuator - de0ie used to inrease the attenuation of an $ptial +i.er #in9! <enerally used
to ensure that the signal at the reei0e end is not too strong!
automatic laser
s$utdow 3A!%4
- tehni6ue (proedure) to auto/atially shutdown the output power of laser
trans/itters and optial a/plifiers to a0oid e;posure to ha8ardous le0els!
automatic trasmit
-ower cotrol 3AT)C4
- /ethod of ad:usting the trans/it power .ased on fading of the trans/it signal
deteted at the reei0er
autoomous s/stem
3A%4
- networ9 set that uses the sa/e routing poliy and is /anaged .y the sa/e
tehnology ad/inistration depart/ent! Dah -& has a uni6ue identifier that is an
integer ranging fro/ 1 to B((3(! The identifier is assigned .y I-'-! -n -& an .e
di0ided into areas!
a&ailabilit/ - apa.ility of pro0iding ser0ies at any ti/e! The pro.a.ility of this apa.ility is
alled a0aila.ility!
a&ailable bit rate 3AB24 - 9ind of ser0ie ategories defined .y the -T4 foru/! -=2 only pro0ides
possi.le forwarding ser0ie and applies to the onnetions that does not re6uire the
real-ti/e 6uality! It does not pro0ide any guarantee in ter/s of ell loss or delay!
a&alac$e -$otodiode
3A),4
- se/iondutor photodetetor with integral detetion and a/plifiation stages!
Dletrons generated at a p)n :untion are aelerated in a region where they free an
a0alanhe of other eletrons! -P,s an detet faint signals .ut re6uire higher
0oltages than other se/iondutor eletronis!
a&erage dela/ - perfor/ane indiator indiating the a0erage 2TT of /ultiple ping operations or
other pro.e operations! It is e;pressed in /illiseonds!
B
B.1%,N &ee .road.and integrated ser0ies digital networ9!
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BA .ooster a/plifier
BBE .a9ground .lo9 error
BC .oundary lo9
BC, .inary oded dei/al
B,1 &ee .a9ward defet indiation!
B,1 -ac*et - pa9et used to notify the upstrea/ #&2 of the failure e0ent whih has ourred
on the downstrea/ #&2 through the re0erse #&P! The =,I pa9et an .e used in
the 171)' proteti0e switho0er ser0ie!
BE &ee .est effort!
BE2 .it error rate
BF, &ee =idiretional +orwarding ,etetion!
B9) =order <ateway Protool
B1) &ee .it interlea0ed parity!
B1).H &ee .it interlea0ed parity-*!
B1).F .it interlea0ed parity-%
B1T% &ee .uilding integrated ti/ing supply!
BMC .est /aster lo9
BNC &ee .ayonet-neill-onel/an!
BOM .ill of /aterials
B),# &ee .ridge protool data unit!
B)% .oard protetion swithing
B%C &ee .ase station ontroller!
B%% .ase station su.syste/
BT% .ase transei0er station
B"% .a9.one wa0elength di0ision /ultiple;ing syste/
Bidirectioal
Forwardig ,etectio
3BF,4
- fast and independent hello protool that deli0ers /illiseond-le0el lin9 failure
detetion and pro0ides arrier-lass a0aila.ility! -fter sessions are esta.lished
.etween neigh.oring syste/s" the syste/s an periodially send =+, pa9ets to
eah other! If one syste/ fails to reei0e a =+, pa9et within the negotiated
period" the syste/ regards that the .idiretional lin9 fails and instruts the upper
layer protool to ta9e ations to reo0er the faulty lin9!
bac*boe etwor* - networ9 that for/s the entral interonnetion for a onneted networ9! The
o//uniation .a9.one for a ountry is C-'! The .a9.one networ9 is an
i/portant arhitetural ele/ent for .uilding enterprise networ9s! It pro0ides a path
for the e;hange of infor/ation .etween different #-'s or su.networ9s! -
.a9.one an tie together di0erse networ9s in the sa/e .uilding" in different
.uildings in a a/pus en0iron/ent" or o0er wide areas! <enerally" the .a9.one
networ9Js apaity is greater than the networ9s onneted to it!
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bac*-lae -n eletroni iruit .oard ontaining iruits and so9ets into whih additional
eletroni de0ies on other iruit .oards or ards an .e plugged!
bac*u- - periodi operation perfor/ed on data stored in a data.ase for the purposes of
reo0ering the data if an error ours! The .a9up also refers to the data
synhroni8ation .etween ati0e and stand.y .oards!
bac*ward defect
idicatio 3B,14
- funtion that the sin9 node of a #&P" when deteting a defet" uses to infor/ the
upstrea/ end of the #&P of a downstrea/ defet along the return path!
badwidt$ - range of trans/ission fre6uenies a trans/ission line or hannel an arry in a
networ9! In fat" the .andwidth is the differene .etween the highest and lowest
fre6uenies in the trans/ission line or hannel! The greater the .andwidth" the
faster the data transfer rate!
base statio area -n area of radio o0erage onsisting of ells ser0ed .y one or /ore =ase
Transei0er &tations (=T&s) in the sa/e .ase station site!
base statio cotroller
3B%C4
- logial entity that onnets the =T& with the 4&C in a <&4)C,4- networ9! It
interwor9s with the =T& through the -.is interfae" the 4&C through the -
interfae! It pro0ides the following funtions7 radio resoure /anage/ent" .ase
station /anage/ent" power ontrol" hando0er ontrol" and traffi /easure/ent!
$ne =&C ontrols and /anages one or /ore =T&s in an atual networ9!
basebad - for/ of /odulation in whih the infor/ation is applied diretly onto the
physial trans/ission /ediu/!
ba/oet.eill.cocelma
3BNC4
- onnetor used for onneting two oa;ial a.les!
bearer -n infor/ation trans/ission path with defined apaity" delay and .it error rate!
bearer etwor* - networ9 used to arry the /essages of a transport-layer protool .etween
physial de0ies!
best effort 3BE4 - traditional IP pa9et transport ser0ie! In this ser0ie" the diagra/s are
forwarded following the se6uene of the ti/e they reah! -ll diagra/s share the
.andwidth of the networ9 and routers! The a/ount of resoure that a diagra/ an
use depends of the ti/e it reahes! =D ser0ie does not ensure any i/pro0e/ent in
delay ti/e" :itter" pa9et loss ratio" and high relia.ility!
best.effort ser&ice - unitary and si/ple ser0ie /odel! Cithout .eing appro0ed" .ut after notifying
the networ9" the appliation an send any nu/.er of pa9ets at any ti/e! The
networ9 tries its .est to send the pa9ets" .ut delay and relia.ility annot .e
ensured! =est-Dffort is the default ser0ie /odel of the Internet! It an .e applied
to 0arious networ9s" suh as +TP and D-4ail! It is i/ple/ented through the +irst
In +irst-$ut (+I+$) 6ueue!
bit error -n ino/pati.ility .etween a .it in a trans/itted digital signal and the
orresponding .it in the reei0ed digital signal!
bit iterlea&ed -arit/
3B1)4
- /ethod of error /onitoring! Cith e0en parity" the trans/itting e6uip/ent
generates an %-.it ode o0er a speified portion of the signal in suh a /anner that
the first .it of the ode pro0ides e0en parity o0er the first .it of all %-.it se6uenes
in the o0ered portion of the signal" the seond .it pro0ides e0en parity o0er the
seond .it of all %-.it se6uenes within the speified portion" and so forth! D0en
parity is generated .y setting the =IP-% .its so that an e0en nu/.er of 1s e;ist in
eah /onitored partition of the signal! - /onitored partition o/prises all .its in
the sa/e .it position within the %-.it se6uenes in the o0ered portion of the
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signal! The o0ered portion inludes the =IP-%!
bit iterlea&ed -arit/.H
3B1).H4
Consists of a parity .yte alulated .it-wise aross a large nu/.er of .ytes in a
trans/ission transport fra/e! ,i0ide a fra/e is into se0eral .lo9s with * .its (one
.yte) in a parity unit and then arrange the .lo9s in /atri;! Co/pute the nu/.er of
?1? or ?0? o0er eah olu/n! Then fill a 1 in the orresponding .it for the result if
the nu/.er is odd" otherwise fill a 0!
blac*list - /ethod of filtering pa9ets .ased on their soure IP addresses! Co/pared with
-C#" the /ath ondition for the .la9 list is /uh si/pler! Therefore" the .la9
list an filter pa9ets at a higher speed and an effeti0ely sreen the pa9et sent
fro/ the speifi IP address!
boud -at$ - parallel path with se0eral serial paths .undled together! It i/pro0es the data
throughput apaity!
bridge - de0ie that onnets two or /ore networ9s and forwards pa9ets a/ong the/!
=ridges operate at the physial networ9 le0el! =ridges differ fro/ repeaters
.eause .ridges store and forward o/plete pa9ets" while repeaters forward all
eletrial signals! =ridges differ fro/ routers .eause .ridges use physial
addresses" while routers use IP addresses!
bridge -rotocol data
uit 3B),#4
,ata /essages e;hanged aross swithes within an e;tended #-' that uses a
spanning tree protool (&TP) topology! =P,5 pa9ets ontain infor/ation on
ports" addresses" priorities" and osts" and they ensure that the data reahes its
intended destination! =P,5 /essages are e;hanged aross .ridges to detet loops
in a networ9 topology! These loops are then re/o0ed .y shutting down seleted
.ridge interfaes and plaing redundant swith ports in a .a9up" or .lo9ed" state!
bridgig The at of si/ultaneously trans/itting idential traffi on the wor9ing and
protetion hannels!
broadbad itegrated
ser&ices digital etwor*
3B.1%,N4
- standard defined .y the IT5-T to handle high-.andwidth appliations" suh as
0oie! It urrently uses the -T4 tehnology to trans/it data o0er &$''DT-.ased
iruits at 1(( to B22 4.it)s or higher speed!
broadcast - /eans of deli0ering infor/ation to all /e/.ers in a networ9! The .roadast
range is deter/ined .y the .roadast address!
broadcast address - networ9 address in o/puter networ9ing that allows infor/ation to .e sent to all
nodes on a networ9" rather than to a speifi networ9 host!
broadcast domai - group of networ9 stations that reei0es .roadast pa9ets originating fro/ any
de0ie within the group! The .roadast do/ain also refers to the set of ports
.etween whih a de0ie forwards a /ultiast" .roadast" or un9nown destination
fra/e!
buildig itegrated
timig su--l/ 3B1T%4
In the situation of /ultiple synhronous nodes or o//uniation de0ies" one an
use a de0ie to set up a lo9 syste/ on the hinge of teleo/ networ9 to onnet
the synhronous networ9 as a whole" and pro0ide satisfatory synhronous .ase
signals to the .uilding integrated de0ie! This de0ie is alled =IT&!
built.i ",M - funtion whih integrates so/e si/ple C,4 syste/s into produts that .elong
to the $&' series! That is" the $&' produts an add or drop se0eral wa0elengths
diretly!
burst - proess of for/ing data into a .lo9 of the proper si8e" uninterruptedly sending
the .lo9 in a fast operation" waiting for a long ti/e" and preparing for the ne;t fast
sending!
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C
CAC &ee onnetion ad/ission ontrol!
CA2 o//itted aess rate
CA% multiframe - /ultifra/e set up .ased on ti/eslot 1B! Dah C-& /ultifra/e ontains 1B D1
PC4 fra/es! -/ong the * .its of ti/eslot 1B in the first fra/e" the first @ .its are
used for /ultifra/e synhroni8ation! The /ultifra/e align/ent signal (4+-&) for
synhroni8ation is 0000! The last @ .its are used as the not /ultifra/e align/ent
signal ('4+-&)! The '4+-& is %O%%! +or the other 1( fra/es" ti/eslot 1B is
used to trans/it e;hange and /ultiple;ing (DT4) signaling orresponding to
eah ti/eslot!
CB2 &ee onstant .it rate!
CB% &ee o//itted .urst si8e!
CC &ee ontinuity he9!
CC,) &ee o-hannel dual polari8ation!
CC% &ee Co//on Channel &ignaling!
C,'T ell delay 0ariation tolerane
CE &ee usto/er edge!
CE% &ee iruit e/ulation ser0ie!
CFM onneti0ity fault /anage/ent
CF2 ell fill rate
C12 o//itted infor/ation rate
C1%T &ee Co//on and Internal &panning Tree!
C!E1 o//on language e6uip/ent identifiation
C!K lo9 ard
C!N) onnetionless networ9 protool
C!) &ee ell loss priority!
CM1 oded /ar9 in0ersion
CO entral offie
C)# &ee entral proessing unit!
C2 onnetion re6uest
C2C &ee yli redundany he9!
C2C.7 multiframe - /ultifra/e reo//ended .y IT5-T <!30@ and set up .ased on the first .it of
ti/eslot 0! The C2C-@ /ultifra/e is different fro/ the C-& /ultifra/e in
priniple and i/ple/entation! Dah C2C-@ /ultifra/e ontains 1B PC4 fra/es!
Dah C2C-@ /ultifra/e onsists of two C2C-@ su.-/ultifra/es! Dah C2C-@
su.-/ultifra/e is a C2C-@ he9 .lo9 that ontains 20@* (2(B ; *) .its! =its C1
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to C@ of a he9 .lo9 an he9 the pre0ious he9 .lo9!
C%A Canadian &tandards -ssoiation
C%E% onseuti0e se0erely errored seond
C%F Client &ignal +ail
C%MA0C, &ee arrier sense /ultiple aess with ollision detetion!
C%T &ee o//on spanning tree!
CTC o//on trans/it lo9
C' onneti0ity 0erifiation
C' -ac*et - type of pa9et that is generated at the fre6ueny of 1)s on the soure end #&2 of
an #&P" and is ter/inated on the destination end #&2 of the #&P! - C1 pa9et is
trans/itted fro/ the soure end #&2 to the destination #&2 along the #&P! - C1
pa9et ontains the uni6ue identifier (TT&I) of the #&P so that all types of
a.nor/alities on the path an .e deteted!
C" ontrol word
C",M &ee oarse wa0elength di0ision /ultiple;ing!
Commo C$ael
%igalig 3CC%4
- signaling syste/ used in telephone networ9s that separates signaling infor/ation
fro/ user data! - speified hannel is e;lusi0ely designated to arry signaling
infor/ation for all other hannels in the syste/!
Commo ad 1teral
%-aig Tree 3C1%T4
The single spanning tree :ointly alulated .y &TP and 2&TP" the logial
onneti0ity using 4&T .ridges and regions" and 4&TP! The CI&T ensures that all
#-'s in the .ridged loal area networ9 are si/ply and fully onneted!
cabiet +ree-standing and self-supporting enlosure for housing eletrial and)or eletroni
e6uip/ent! It is usually fitted with doors and)or side panels whih /ay or /ay not
.e re/o0a.le!
cable distributio -late - o/ponent" whih is used to arrange a.les in order!
cable tie - tie used to .ind a.les!
carrier -n organi8ation that has teleo/ networ9 resoures and an pro0ide
o//uniations ser0ie!
carrier sese multi-le
access wit$ collisio
detectio 3C%MA0C,4
Carrier sense /ultiple aess with ollision detetion (C&4-)C,) is a o/puter
networ9ing aess /ethod in whih7
- arrier sensing she/e is used!
- trans/itting data station that detets another signal while trans/itting a fra/e"
stops trans/itting that fra/e" trans/its a :a/ signal" and then waits for a
rando/ ti/e inter0al .efore trying to send that fra/e again!
cell loss -riorit/ 3C!)4 - field in the -T4 ell header that deter/ines the pro.a.ility of a ell .eing
dropped if the networ9 .eo/es ongested! Cells with C#P K 0 are insured traffi"
whih is unli9ely to .e dropped! Cells with C#P K 1 are .est-effort traffi" whih
/ight .e dropped!
cetral -rocessig uit
3C)#4
The o/putational and ontrol unit of a o/puter! The CP5 is the de0ie that
interprets and e;eutes instrutions! The CP5 has the a.ility to feth" deode" and
e;eute instrutions and to transfer infor/ation to and fro/ other resoures o0er
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the o/puterJs /ain data-transfer path" the .us!
cetraliAed alarm The alar/s of all the hosts onneting to the $peration and 4aintenane 5nit
($45)!
c$ael - teleo//uniation path of a speifi apaity and)or speed .etween two or /ore
loations in a networ9! The hannel an .e esta.lished through wire" radio
(/irowa0e)" fi.er" or any o/.ination of the three! The a/ount of infor/ation
trans/itted per seond in a hannel is the infor/ation trans/ission speed"
e;pressed in .its per seond! +or e;a/ple" .)s (100 .it)s)" 9.)s (103 .it)s)" 4.)s
(10B .it)s)" <.)s (10A .it)s)" and T.)s (1012 .it)s)!
c$ael s-acig The enter-to-enter differene in fre6uenies or wa0elengths .etween ad:aent
hannels in a C,4 de0ie!
c$ec* criteria - set of rules for he9ing and analy8ing de0ie eho infor/ation! The he9
riteria for an alar/ olletion ite/ need to .e set through the onfiguration file!
circuit emulatio
ser&ice 3CE%4
- funtion with whih the D1)T1 data an .e trans/itted through -T4 networ9s!
-t the trans/ission end" the interfae /odule pa9s ti/eslot data into -T4 ells!
These -T4 ells are sent to the reeption end through the -T4 networ9! -t the
reeption end" the interfae /odule re-assigns the data in these -T4 ells to D1)T1
ti/eslots! The CD& tehnology guarantees that the data in D1)T1 ti/eslots an .e
reo0ered to the original se6uene at the reeption end!
cloc* selectio -n algorith/ used for seleting the .est lo9 for lo9 synhroni8ation! +or
different peers (/ultiple ser0ers or peers onfigured for a lient)" a peer sends
lo9 synhroni8ation pa9ets to eah ser0er or passi0e peer! -fter reei0ing the
response pa9ets" it uses the lo9 seletion algorith/ to selet the .est lo9!
cloc* source - de0ie that pro0ides standard ti/e for the 'TP onfiguration!
cloc* s/c$roiAatio - proess of synhroni8ing lo9s" in whih the signal fre6ueny traes the
referene fre6ueny" .ut the start points do not need to .e onsistent! This proess
is (also 9nown as fre6ueny synhroni8ation)!
cloc* tracig The /ethod of 9eeping the ti/e on eah node synhroni8ed with a lo9 soure in
the networ9!
co.c$ael dual
-olariAatio 3CC,)4
- hannel onfiguration /ethod" whih uses a hori8ontal polari8ation wa0e and a
0ertial polari8ation wa0e to trans/it two signals! The Co-Channel ,ual
Polari8ation has twie the trans/ission apaity of the single polari8ation!
coarse wa&elegt$
di&isio multi-lexig
3C",M4
- signal trans/ission tehnology that /ultiple;es widely-spaed optial hannels
into the sa/e fi.er! CC,4 spaes wa0elengths at a distane of se0eral n/!
CC,4 does not support optial a/plifiers and is applied in short-distane hain
networ9ing!
collisio - ondition in whih two pa9ets are .eing trans/itted o0er a /ediu/ at the sa/e
ti/e! Their interferene /a9es .oth unintelligi.le!
committed burst siAe
3CB%4
- para/eter used to define the apaity of to9en .u9et C" that is" the /a;i/u/
.urst IP pa9et si8e when infor/ation is transferred at the o//itted infor/ation
rate! This para/eter /ust .e greater than 0 .ut should .e not less than the
/a;i/u/ length of an IP pa9et to .e forwarded!
commo s-aig tree
3C%T4
- single spanning tree that onnets all the 4&T regions in a networ9! D0ery 4&T
region is onsidered as a swithI therefore" the C&T an .e onsidered as their
spanning tree generated with &TP)2&TP!
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com-osite ser&ice -n aggregation of a series of ser0ies rele0ant to eah other!
coferece -n IP /ulti/edia session that ha0e two or /ore partiipants! Dah onferene has
a fous and an .e identified uni6uely!
cogestio D;tra intra-networ9 or inter-networ9 traffi resulting in dereased networ9 ser0ie
effiieny!
cogestio maagemet - flow ontrol /easure to sol0e the pro.le/ of networ9 resoure o/petition!
Chen the networ9 ongestion ours" it plaes pa9ets into the 6ueue for .uffer
and deter/ines the pa9et forwarding order!
coectio -n assoiation of trans/ission hannels or teleo//uniation iruits" swithing
and other funtional units set up to pro0ide for the transfer of signals .etween two
or /ore networ9 points" to support a single o//uniation!
coectio admissio
cotrol 3CAC4
- ontrol proess in whih the networ9 ta9es ations in the all set-up phase (or
all re-negotiation phase) to deter/ine whih onnetion re6uest is ad/itted!
coectio -oit - referene point where the output of a trail ter/ination soure or a onnetion is
.ound to the input of another onnetion" or where the output of a onnetion is
.ound to the input of a trail ter/ination sin9 or another onnetion! The onnetion
point is harateri8ed .y the infor/ation whih passes aross it! - .idiretional
onnetion point is for/ed .y the assoiation of a ontradiretional pair!
coectioless Pertaining to a /ethod of data presentation! The data has a o/plete destination
address and is deli0ered .y the networ9 on a .est-effort .asis" independent of other
data .eing e;hanged .etween the sa/e pair of users!
costat bit rate 3CB24 - 9ind of ser0ie ategories defined .y the -T4 foru/! C=2 transfers ells .ased
on the onstant .andwidth! It is applia.le to ser0ie onnetions that depend on
preise lo9ing to ensure undistorted trans/ission!
cotaier - set of hardware or software de0ies! In software do/ain" it refers to the
en0iron/ent 0aria.les and proesses! In hardware do/ain" it refers to a type of
topology node that ontains nodes" usually refers to one de0ie with /ultiple
fra/esI eah node stands for a fra/e!
cotiuit/ c$ec* 3CC4 -n Dthernet onneti0ity fault /anage/ent (C+4) /ethod used to detet the
onneti0ity .etween 4DPs .y ha0ing eah 4DP periodially trans/it a
Continuity Che9 4essage (CC4)!
cotrol '!AN - 1#-' that trans/its only protool pa9ets!
cotrol c$ael The hannel used to trans/it digital ontrol infor/ation fro/ the .ase station to a
ell phone or 0ie-0ersa!
co&ergece la/er - ?.ridge? .etween the aess layer and the ore layer! The on0ergene layer
pro0ides the on0ergene and forwarding funtions for the aess layer! It
proesses all the traffi fro/ the aess layer de0ies" and pro0ides the uplin9s to
the ore layer! Co/pared with the aess layer" the on0ergene layer de0ies
should ha0e higher perfor/ane" fewer interfaes and higher swithing rate! In the
real networ9" the on0ergene layer refers to the networ9 .etween 5PDs and PD-
-<<s!
coolig s/stem The syste/ that ontrols or influenes li/ate .y dereasing the air te/perature
only!
core la/er - layer that funtions as the .a9.one of high speed swithing for networ9s and
pro0ides high speed forwarding o//uniations! It has a .a9.one trans/ission
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struture that pro0ides high relia.ility" high throughput" and low delay! The ore
layer de0ies /ust ha0e a good redundany" error tolerane" /anagea.ility"
adapta.ility" and they support dual-syste/ hot .a9up or load .alaning
tehnologies! In a real networ9" the ore layer inludes the IP)4P#& .a9.one
networ9 onsisting of 'PDs and .a9.one routers!
correlatio The si/ilarities when two rando/ proesses 0ary with ti/e!
corru-tio The alteration of the infor/ation in I4& networ9s for the purpose of deeption!
+or e;a/ple" atta9ers orrupt the orret harging infor/ation to e0ade .eing
harged!
cross.coectio The onnetion of hannels .etween the tri.utary .oard and the line .oard" or
.etween line .oards inside the 'D! 'etwor9 ser0ies are reali8ed through the
ross-onnetions of 'Ds!
crosso&er cable - twisted pair path a.le wired in suh a way as to route the trans/it signals fro/
one piee of e6uip/ent to the reei0e signals of another piee of e6uip/ent" and
0ie 0ersa!
cr/stal oscillator -n osillator that produes eletrial osillations at a fre6ueny deter/ined .y the
physial harateristis of a pie8oeletri 6uart8 rystal!
customer edge 3CE4 - part of the =<P)4P#& IP 1P' /odel that pro0ides interfaes for diretly
onneting to the &er0ie Pro0ider (&P) networ9! - CD an .e a router" swith" or
host!
cuto&er To /igrate the data of an appliation syste/ to another appliation syste/" whih
then pro0ides ser0ies!
c/clic redudac/ c$ec*
3C2C4
- proedure used to he9 for errors in data trans/ission! C2C error he9ing uses
a o/ple; alulation to generate a nu/.er .ased on the data trans/itted! The
sending de0ie perfor/s the alulation .efore perfor/ing the trans/ission and
inludes the generated nu/.er in the pa9et it sends to the reei0ing de0ie! The
reei0ing de0ie then repeats the sa/e alulation! If .oth de0ies o.tain the sa/e
result" the trans/ission is onsidered to .e error free! This proedure is 9nown as a
redundany he9 .eause eah trans/ission inludes not only data .ut e;tra
(redundant) error-he9ing 0alues!
,
,0A digital-analog on0erter
,B data.ase
,C diret urrent
,C.C &ee ,C-return o//on (with ground)!
,C.1 &ee ,C-return isolate (with ground)!
,C.retur commo
3wit$ groud4 3,C.C4
- power syste/" in whih the =<', of the ,C return ondutor is short-iruited
with the P<', on the output side of the power supply a.inet and also on the line
.etween the output of the power supply a.inet and the eletri e6uip/ent!
,C.retur isolate 3wit$
groud4 3,C.14
- power syste/" in whih the =<', of the ,C return ondutor is short-iruited
with the P<', on the output side of the power supply a.inet and is isolated fro/
the P<', on the line .etween the output of the power supply a.inet and the
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eletri e6uip/ent!
,CC &ee data o//uniations hannel!
,CE &ee data iruit-ter/inating e6uip/ent!
,CF data o//uniation funtion
,CM &ee dispersion o/pensation /odule!
,CN &ee data o//uniation networ9!
,,F digital distri.ution fra/e
,,N &ee digital data networ9!
,>C) &ee ,yna/i Host Configuration Protool!
,!A9 &ee distri.uted lin9 aggregation group!
,M &ee delay /easure/ent!
,N1 dual node interonnetion
,2,B dyna/i rando/ data.ase
,% iterior ode - ,& node loated at the enter of a ,& do/ain! It is a non-,& .oundary node!
,% ode - ,&-o/pliant node" whih is su.di0ided into ,& .oundary node and I, interior
node!
,%C) differentiated ser0ies ode point
,%! &ee digital su.sri.er line!
,%!AM &ee digital su.sri.er line aess /ultiple;er!
,%) digital signal proessing
,TE &ee data ter/inal e6uip/ent!
,T2 data ter/inal ready
,'B digital 0ideo .roadasting
,'B.A%1 digital 0ideo .roadast-asynhronous serial interfae
,'M2) &ee ,istane 1etor 4ultiast 2outing Protool!
,",M &ee dense wa0elength di0ision /ultiple;ing!
,istace 'ector
Multicast 2outig
)rotocol 3,'M2)4
-n Internet gateway protool .ased pri/arily on the 2IP! The ,142P protool
i/ple/ents a typial dense /ode IP /ultiast solution and uses I<4P to e;hange
routing datagra/s with its neigh.ors!
,/amic >ost
Cofiguratio )rotocol
3,>C)4
- lient-ser0er networ9ing protool! - ,HCP ser0er pro0ides onfiguration
para/eters speifi to the ,HCP lient host re6uesting infor/ation the host
re6uires to partiipate on the Internet networ9! ,HCP also pro0ides a /ehanis/
for alloating IP addresses to hosts!
data bac*u- - /ethod of opying 9ey data to the .a9up storage area to pre0ent data loss in
ase the original storage area is da/aged or a failure ours!
data circuit.termiatig The e6uip/ent that pro0ides the signal on0ersion and oding .etween the data
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e?ui-met 3,CE4 ter/inal e6uip/ent (,TD) and the line! - ,CD is loated at a data station! The
,CD /ay .e separate e6uip/ent" or an integral part of the ,TD or inter/ediate
e6uip/ent! The ,CD /ay perfor/ other funtions that are nor/ally perfor/ed at
the networ9 end of the line!
data commuicatio
etwor* 3,CN4
- o//uniation networ9 used in a T4' or .etween T4's to support the data
o//uniation funtion!
data commuicatios
c$ael 3,CC4
The data hannel that uses the ,1-,12 .ytes in the o0erhead of an &T4-' signal
to trans/it infor/ation on the operation" /anage/ent" /aintenane" and
pro0isioning ($-4TP) .etween 'Ds! The ,CC hannel o/posed of .ytes ,1-
,3 is referred to as the 1A2 9.it)s ,CC-2 hannel! The other ,CC hannel
o/posed of .ytes ,@-,12 is referred to as the (3B 9.it)s ,CC-4 hannel!
data flow - proess that in0ol0es proessing the data e;trated fro/ the soure syste/" suh
as filtering" integration" alulation" and su//ary" finding and sol0ing data
inonsisteny" and deleting in0alid data so that the proessed data /eets the
re6uire/ents of the destination syste/ for the input data!
data ma--ig -n algorith/ that is used to on0ert the data .etween heterogeneous data /odels!
data restoratio - /ethod for retrie0ing data that is lost due to da/age or /isoperations!
data termial
e?ui-met 3,TE4
- user de0ie o/posing the 5'I! The ,TD aesses the data networ9 through the
,CD e6uip/ent (for e;a/ple" a /ode/) and usually uses the lo9 signals
produed .y ,CD!
datagram - 9ind of protool data unit (P,5) whih is used in Connetionless 'etwor9
Protool (C#'P)" suh as IP datagra/" 5,P datagra/!
defect - li/ited interruption in the a.ility of an ite/ to perfor/ a re6uired funtion!
dela/ measuremet
3,M4
The ti/e elapsed sine the start of trans/ission of the first .it of the fra/e .y a
soure node until the reeption of the last .it of the loop.a9ed fra/e .y the sa/e
soure node" when the loop.a9 is perfor/ed at the fra/eJs destination node!
demodulatio In o//uniations" the /eans .y whih a /ode/ on0erts data fro/ /odulated
arrier fre6uenies (wa0es that ha0e .een /odified in suh a way that 0ariations in
a/plitude and fre6ueny represent /eaningful infor/ation) o0er a telephone line!
,ata is on0erted to the digital for/ needed .y a o/puter to whih the /ode/ is
attahed" with as little distortion as possi.le!
dese wa&elegt$
di&isio multi-lexig
3,",M4
The tehnology that utili8es the harateristis of .road .andwidth and low
attenuation of single /ode optial fi.er" e/ploys /ultiple wa0elengths with
speifi fre6ueny spaing as arriers" and allows /ultiple hannels to trans/it
si/ultaneously in the sa/e fi.er!
desigated -ort - port defined in the &TP protool! $n eah swith that runs the &TP protool" the
traffi fro/ the root .ridge is forwarded to the designated port! The su.net
onneted to the &TP swith reei0es the data traffi fro/ the root .ridge! -ll the
ports on the root .ridge are designated ports! $n eah su.net" there is only one
designated port! Chen a networ9 topology is sta.le" only the root port and the
designated port forward traffi! $ther non-designated ports are in the .lo9ing
state" and they reei0e &TP pa9ets" .ut does not forward user traffi!
destructio - proess during whih the infor/ation and resoures in a networ9 are hanged
une;petedly and the /eanings of the infor/ation and resoures are deleted or
hanged!
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digital data etwor*
3,,N4
- data trans/ission networ9 that is designed to trans/it data on digital hannels
(suh as the fi.er hannel" digital /irowa0e hannel" or satellite hannel)!
digital modulatio - /ethod that ontrols the hanges in a/plitude" phase" and fre6ueny of the
arrier .ased on the hanges in the .ase.and digital signal! In this /anner" the
infor/ation an .e trans/itted .y the arrier!
digital etwor* - teleo//uniation networ9 where infor/ation is first on0erted into distint
eletroni pulses and then trans/itted to a digital .it strea/!
digital sigal - signal in whih infor/ation is represented .y a li/ited nu/.er of disrete states
nu/.er of disrete states (for e;a/ple" high and low 0oltages) rather than .y
flutuating le0els in a ontinuous strea/" as in an analog signal! In the pulse ode
/odulation (PC4) tehnology" the * 9H8 sa/pling fre6ueny is used and a .yte
ontains * .its in length! Therefore" a digital signal is also referred to as a .yte-
.ased ode strea/! ,igital signals" with si/ple strutures and .road .andwidth" are
easy to shape or regenerate" and are not easily affeted .y e;ternal interferene!
digital subscriber lie
3,%!4
- tehnology for pro0iding digital onnetions o0er the opper wire or the loal
telephone networ9! ,&# perfor/s data o//uniation o0er the P$T& lines
without affeting the P$T& ser0ie!
access multi-lexer
3,%!AM4
- networ9 de0ie" usually situated in the /ain offie of a telephone o/pany" that
reei0es signals fro/ /ultiple usto/er ,igital &u.sri.er #ine (,&#)
onnetions and uses /ultiple;ing tehni6ues to put these signals on a high-speed
.a9.one line!
dis-ersio The dependene of refration on the wa0elength of light! ,ifferent wa0elengths are
trans/itted in an optial /ediu/ at different speeds! Ca0elengths reah the end of
the /ediu/ at different ti/es! -s a result" the light pulse spreads and the
dispersion ours!
dis-ersio
com-esatio module
3,CM4
- type of /odule that ontains dispersion o/pensation fi.ers to o/pensate for
the dispersion of the trans/itting fi.er!
distributed li*
aggregatio grou-
3,!A94
- .oard-le0el port protetion tehnology that detets unidiretional fi.er uts and
negotiates with the opposite port! In the ase of a lin9 down failure on a port or
hardware failure on a .oard" ser0ies are auto/atially swithed to the sla0e .oard"
there.y ahie0ing 1L1 protetion for the inter-.oard ports!
domai - logial su.sri.er group .ased on whih the su.sri.er rights are ontrolled!
dotted decimal otatio - for/at of IP address! IP addresses in this for/at are separated into four parts .y
a dot ?!? with eah part is in the dei/al nu/eral!
dowload To o.tain data fro/ an upper-layer de0ie or the ser0er!
dowstream In an aess networ9" the diretion of trans/ission toward the su.sri.er end of the
lin9!
dual.eded switc$ig - protetion /ethod in whih swithing is perfor/ed at .oth ends of a proteted
entity" suh as a onnetion or path" e0en if a unidiretional failure ours!
dual.-olariAed atea -n antenna intended to si/ultaneously radiate or reei0e two independent radio
wa0es orthogonally polari8ed!
Copyright Huawei
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E
E.Aggr &ee Dthernet aggregation!
E.!AN &ee Dthernet loal area networ9!
E.!ie &ee Dthernet line!
EA enryption algorith/
EB% &ee e;ess .urst si8e!
ECC &ee e/.edded ontrol hannel!
E,FA &ee er.iu/-doped fi.er a/plifier!
EE)2OM &ee eletrially erasa.le progra/a.le read-only /e/ory!
EF &ee e;pedited forwarding!
EFC1 e;pliit forward ongestion indiation
EFM Dthernet in the +irst 4ile
EFM OAM Dthernet in the first /ile $-4
E1A &ee Dletroni Industries -lliane!
E12 &ee e;ess infor/ation rate!
EMC &ee eletro/agneti o/pati.ility!
EM1 &ee eletro/agneti interferene!
EM% ele/ent /anage/ent syste/
E), early pa9et disard
E)! &ee Dthernet pri0ate line!
E)!AN &ee Dthernet pri0ate #-' ser0ie!
E2)% Dthernet ring protetion swithing
E%C &ee eletri super0isory hannel!
E%CON &ee enterprise syste/ onnetion!
E%, eletrostati disharge
E%N &ee e6uip/ent serial nu/.er!
ET% Duropean Teleo//uniation &tandards
ET%1 &ee Duropean Teleo//uniations &tandards Institute!
E'C Dthernet 0irtual onnetion
E')! &ee Dthernet 0irtual pri0ate line!
E')!AN &ee Dthernet 0irtual pri0ate #-' ser0ie!
EF) &ee e;peri/ental .its!
Electroic 1dustries
Alliace 3E1A4
-n assoiation .ased in Cashington" ,!C!" with /e/.ers fro/ 0arious eletronis
/anufaturers! It sets standards for eletroni o/ponents! 2&-232-C" for
Copyright Huawei
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e;a/ple" is the DI- standard for onneting serial o/ponents!
Eo, &ee Dthernet o0er dual do/ains!
Et$eret - #-' tehnology that uses the arrier sense /ultiple aess with ollision
detetion (C&4-)C,) /edia aess ontrol /ethod! The Dthernet networ9 is
highly relia.le and easy to /aintain! The speed of an Dthernet interfae an .e 10
4.it)s" 100 4.it)s" 1000 4.it)s" or 10"000 4.it)s!
Et$eret aggregatio
3E.Aggr4
- type of Dthernet ser0ie that is .ased on a /ultipoint-to-point D1C (Dthernet
0irtual onnetion)!
Et$eret lie 3E.!ie4 - type of Dthernet ser0ie that is .ased on a point-to-point D1C (Dthernet 0irtual
onnetion)!
Et$eret local area
etwor* 3E.!AN4
- type of Dthernet ser0ie that is .ased on a /ultipoint-to-/ultipoint D1C
(Dthernet 0irtual onnetion)!
Et$eret o&er dual
domais 3Eo,4
- type of .oards! Do, .oards .ridge the P&' and T,4 networ9s" ena.ling
Dthernet ser0ie trans/ission aross P&' and T,4 networ9s!
Et$eret -ri&ate !AN
ser&ice 3E)!AN4
- type of Dthernet ser0ie pro0ided .y &,H" P,H" -T4" or 4P#& ser0er layer
networ9s! This ser0ie is arried o0er dediated .andwidth .etween /ultipoint-to-
/ultipoint onnetions!
Et$eret -ri&ate lie
3E)!4
networ9s! This ser0ie is arried o0er dediated .andwidth .etween point-to-point
onnetions!
Et$eret &irtual -ri&ate
!AN ser&ice 3E')!AN4
networ9s! This ser0ie is arried o0er shared .andwidth .etween /ultipoint-to-
/ultipoint onnetions!
Et$eret &irtual -ri&ate
lie 3E')!4
networ9s! This ser0ie is arried o0er shared .andwidth .etween point-to-point
onnetions!
Euro-ea
Telecommuicatios
%tadards 1stitute
3ET%14
- standards-setting .ody in Durope! -lso the standards .ody responsi.le for <&4!
e%F) enhaned s/all for/-fator plugga.le
egress The egress #D2! The group is transferred along the #&P onsisting of a series of
#&2s after the group is la.eled!
electric su-er&isor/
c$ael 3E%C4
- tehnology that i/ple/ents o//uniation a/ong all the nodes and
trans/ission of /onitoring data in an optial trans/ission networ9! The
/onitoring data of D&C is introdued into ,CC ser0ie o0erhead and is
trans/itted with ser0ie signals!
electricall/ erasable
-rogramable read.ol/
memor/ 3EE)2OM4
- type of DP2$4 that an .e erased with an eletrial signal! It is useful for sta.le
storage for long periods without eletriity while still allowing reprogra/ing!
DDP2$4s ontain less /e/ory than 2-4" ta9e longer to reprogra/" and an .e
reprogra/ed only a li/ited nu/.er of ti/es .efore wearing out!
electromagetic
com-atibilit/ 3EMC4
- ondition whih pre0ails when teleo//uniations e6uip/ent is perfor/ing its
indi0idually designed funtion in a o//on eletro/agneti en0iron/ent without
ausing or suffering unaepta.le degradation due to unintentional eletro/agneti
Copyright Huawei
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interferene to or fro/ other e6uip/ent in the sa/e en0iron/ent!
electromagetic
iterferece 3EM14
-ny eletro/agneti distur.ane that interrupts" o.struts" or otherwise degrades
or li/its the perfor/ane of eletronis)eletrial e6uip/ent!
embedded cotrol
c$ael 3ECC4
- logial hannel that uses a data o//uniations hannel (,CC) as its physial
layer to ena.le the trans/ission of operation" ad/inistration" and /aintenane
($-4) infor/ation .etween 'Ds!
emergec/ maiteace - type of /easure ta9en to 6ui9ly retify an e/ergeny fault to reo0er the proper
running of the related syste/ or de0ie and to redue losses!
eca-sulatio - tehnology for layered protools" in whih a lower-le0el protool aepts a
/essage fro/ a higher-le0el protool and plaes it in the data portion of the lower-
le0el fra/e! Protool -Js pa9ets ha0e o/plete header infor/ation" and are
arried .y protool = as data! Pa9ets that enapsulate protool - ha0e a = header"
an - header" followed .y the infor/ation that protool - is arrying! 'ote that -
ould e6ual to =" as in IP inside IP!
egieerig label - /ar9 on a a.le" a su.ra9" or a a.inet for identifiation!
eter-rise s/stem
coectio 3E%CON4
- path protool that onnets the host to 0arious ontrol units in a storage syste/!
Dnterprise syste/ onnetion is a serial .it strea/ trans/ission protool that
operates a rate of 200 4.it)s!
etit/ - part" de0ie" su.syste/" funtional unit" e6uip/ent" or syste/ that an .e
onsidered indi0idually!
e?ualiAatio - /ethod of a0oiding seleti0e fading of fre6uenies! D6uali8ation an
o/pensate for the hanges of a/plitude fre6ueny aused .y fre6ueny seleti0e
fading!
e?ui-met serial
umber 3E%N4
- string of haraters that identify a piee of e6uip/ent and ensures orret
alloation of a liense file to the speified e6uip/ent! It is also alled ?e6uip/ent
fingerprint?!
erbium.do-ed fiber
am-lifier 3E,FA4
-n optial de0ie that a/plifies optial signals! This de0ie uses a short optial
fi.er doped with the rare-earth ele/ent" Dr.iu/! The signal to .e a/plified and a
pu/p laser are /ultiple;ed into the doped fi.er" and the signal is a/plified .y
interating with doping ions! Chen the a/plifier passes an e;ternal light soure
pu/p" it a/plifies the optial signals in a speifi wa0elength range!
error tolerace The a.ility of a syste/ or o/ponent to ontinue nor/al operation despite the
presene of erroneous inputs!
e&et -n e0ent indiates the infor/ation reord of the status hange .etween the syste/
and the /anaged o.:et" inluding the threshold alar/ of the syste/ and the alar/
reported .y the /anaged o.:et!
excess burst siAe 3EB%4 - para/eter related to traffi! In the single rate three olor /ar9er (srTC4) /ode"
traffi ontrol is ahie0ed .y to9en .u9ets C and D! The e;ess .urst si8e
para/eter defines the apaity of to9en .u9et D" that is" the /a;i/u/ .urst IP
pa9et si8e when the infor/ation is transferred at the o//itted infor/ation rate!
This para/eter /ust .e greater than 0 .ut should .e not less than the /a;i/u/
length of an IP pa9et to .e forwarded!
excess iformatio rate
3E124
The .andwidth for e;essi0e or .urst traffi a.o0e the CI2I it e6uals the result of
the atual trans/ission rate without the safety rate!
exercise switc$ig -n operation to he9 whether the protetion swithing protool funtions
Copyright Huawei
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properly! The protetion swithing is not really perfor/ed!
ex-edited forwardig
3EF4
The highest order Eo& in the ,iff-&er0 networ9! D+ PH= is suita.le for ser0ies
that de/and low pa9et loss ratio" short delay" and .road .andwidth! In all the
ases" D+ traffi an guarantee a trans/ission rate e6ual to or faster than the set
rate! The ,&CP 0alue of D+ PH= is ?101110?!
ex-erimetal bits 3EF)4 - field in the 4P#& pa9et header" three .its long! This field is always used to
identify the Co& of the 4P#& pa9et!
exteded 1, The nu/.er of the su.net to whih an 'D .elongs" used to identify different
networ9 seg/ents in a wide area networ9 (C-')! Together" the I, and e;tended
I, for/ the physial I, of the 'D!
exteral li*s The lin9s .etween the urrent Ce. site and other Ce. sites! <enerally" e;ternal
lin9s refer to lin9s fro/ other Ce. sites to the urrent Ce. site!
extract To read the data re6uired .y the destination syste/ fro/ the soure syste/!
F
F1 b/te The user path .yte" whih .elongs to the fa/ily of regenerator setion o0erhead
.ytes! +1 .ytes are reser0ed for networ9 pro0iders" who use the/ pri/arily as a
te/porary data or 0oie hannel to trans/it /aintenane infor/ation!
FC &ee +i.re Channel!
F,B flash data.ase
F,, &ee fre6ueny di0ision duple;!
F,,1 &ee fi.er distri.uted data interfae!
F,1 &ee forward defet indiation!
F,1 -ac*et &ee forward defet indiation pa9et!
F,' &ee fra/e delay 0ariation!
FE -ort &ee fast Dthernet port!
FEC &ee forward error orretion!
FF, fast failure detetion
FF, -ac*et - path failure detetion /ethod independent fro/ C1! ,ifferent fro/ a C1 pa9et"
the fre6ueny for generating ++, pa9ets is onfigura.le to satisfy different
ser0ie re6uire/ents! =y default" the fre6ueny is 20)s! -n ++, pa9et ontains
infor/ation the sa/e as that in a C1 pa9et! The destination end #&2 proesses
++, pa9ets in the sa/e way for proessing C1 pa9ets!
F1CON &ee +i.er Connet!
F1FO first in first out 6ueuing
F!2 &ee fra/e loss ratio!
F)9A &ee field progra//a.le gate array!
F)% &ee fast protetion swithing!
Copyright Huawei
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F+ &ee flow 6ueue!
F2 &ee fra/e relay!
F2# field replaea.le unit
FTN +DC to 'H#+D
FT) +ile Transfer Protool
Fiber Coect 3F1CON4 - new generation onnetion protool that onnets the host to 0arious ontrol
units! It arries a single .yte o//and protool through the physial path of fi.er
hannel" and pro0ides a higher trans/ission rate and .etter perfor/ane than
D&C$'!
Fibre C$ael 3FC4 - high-speed transport tehnology used to .uild &-'s! +C is pri/arily used for
transporting &C&I traffi fro/ ser0ers to dis9 arrays" .ut it an also .e used on
networ9s arrying -T4 and IP traffi! +C supports single-/ode and /ulti-/ode
fi.er onnetions" and an run on twisted-pair opper wires and oa;ial a.les! +C
pro0ides .oth onnetion-oriented and onnetionless ser0ies!
fairess - feature in whih for any lin9 speified in a ring networ9" the soure node is
pro0ided with ertain .andwidth apaities if the data pa9ets trans/itted .y the
soure node are onstrained .y the fairness algorith/!
fast Et$eret -ort 3FE
-ort4
The port that pro0ides a rate of 100 4.it)s!
fast -rotectio
switc$ig 3F)%4
- type of pseudo wire auto/ati protetion swithing (PC -P&)! Chen the
wor9ing PC is faulty" the soure trans/its ser0ies to the protetion PC and the
sin9 reei0es the ser0ies fro/ the protetion PC! +P& generally wor9s with the
interwor9ing funtion (IC+) to pro0ide end-to-end protetion for ser0ies!
fault - failure to operate orretly! - fault does not inlude failures aused .y
pre0entati0e /aintenane" insuffiient e;ternal resoures" or intentional settings!
fault alarm - type of alar/ aused .y hardware and)or software faults" for e;a/ple" .oard
failure" or .y the e;eption that ours in /a:or funtions! -fter handling" a fault
alar/ an .e leared" upon whih the 'D reports a reo0ery alar/! +ault alar/s
are of higher se0erity than e0ent alar/s!
fault detectio The proess of deter/ining that a fault has ourred!
fault otificatio - proess wherein a fault is notified! +or e;a/ple" when a fault ours on the loal
interfae" the loal interfae notifies the peer of the fault through $-4P,5s! The
loal interfae then reords the fault in the log" and reports it to the '4&!
feeder 1! - radio fre6ueny trans/ission line interonneting an antenna and a trans/itter
or reei0er! 2! +or an antenna o/prising /ore than one dri0en ele/ent" a radio
fre6ueny trans/ission #ine interonneting the antenna input and a dri0en
ele/ent!
fiber distributed data
iterface 3F,,14
- standard de0eloped .y the -/erian 'ational &tandards Institute (-'&I) for
high-speed fi.er-opti #-'s! +,,I pro0ides speifiations for trans/ission rates
of 100 /ega.its per seond on to9en ring networ9s!
fiber troug$ - trough used for routing fi.ers!
field -rogrammable
gate arra/ 3F)9A4
- se/i-usto/i8ed iruit that is used in the -ppliation &peifi Integrated
Ciruit (-&IC) field and de0eloped .ased on progra//a.le o/ponents! +P<-
Copyright Huawei
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re/edies /any of the defiienies of usto/i8ed iruits" and allows the use of
/any /ore gate arrays!
firewall - o/.ination of a series of o/ponents set .etween different networ9s or
networ9 seurity do/ains! =y /onitoring" li/iting" and hanging the data traffi
aross the firewall" it /as9s the interior infor/ation" struture and running state of
the networ9 as /uh as possi.le to protet the networ9 seurity!
fixed badwidt$ The .andwidth that is fully reser0ed and is alloated periodially in a <P$'
syste/ to ensure the 6uality of ell trans/ission! If a T-C$'T is pro0ided with a
fi;ed .andwidth and does not trans/it ells" the $#T an still alloate)assign the
fi;ed .andwidth! Therefore" idle ells are trans/itted to the upstrea/ $#T fro/
the $'5)$'T!
flas$ memor/ - type of speial eletrially erasa.le progra//a.le read-only /e/ory
(DDP2$4) and an .e erased and rewritten in .lo9s at a ti/e instead of only one
.yte! The data stored in flash /e/ory will not .e lost if the flash /e/ory is
powered off!
floodig - type of inident" suh as insertion of a large 0olu/e of data" that results in denial
of ser0ie!
flow -n aggregation of pa9ets that ha0e the sa/e harateristis! $n .oards" it is a
group of pa9ets that ha0e the sa/e 6uality of ser0ie (Eo&) operation!
flow ?ueue 3F+4 The sa/e type of ser0ies of a user is onsidered one ser0ie flow! HEo& perfor/s
6ueue sheduling aording to the ser0ies of eah user! The ser0ie flows of eah
user are lassified into four +Es" na/ely" C&" D+" -+" and =D! C& is assigned a
traffi shaping perentage for Priority Eueuing (PE)I D+" -+" and =D are assigned
weights for Ceighted +air Eueuing (C+E)! The preeding two sheduling /odes
oupy a ertain .andwidth eahI they an at at the sa/e ti/e without interfering
eah other!
forward defect
idicatio 3F,14
- pa9et generated and traed forward to the sin9 node of the #&P .y the node that
first detets defets! It inludes fields to indiate the nature of the defet and its
loation! Its pri/ary purpose is to suppress alar/s .eing raised at affeted higher
le0el lient #&Ps and (in turn) their lient layers!
forward defect
idicatio -ac*et 3F,1
-ac*et4
- pa9et that responds to the deteted failure e0ent! It is used to suppress alar/s of
the upper layer networ9 where failure has ourred!
forward error
correctio 3FEC4
- .it error orretion tehnology that adds orretion infor/ation to the payload at
the trans/it end! =ased on the orretion infor/ation" the .it errors generated
during trans/ission an .e orreted at the reei0e end!
fragmetatio - proess of .rea9ing a pa9et into s/aller units when trans/itting o0er a networ9
node that does not support the original si8e of the pa9et!
frame dela/ &ariatio
3F,'4
- /easure/ent of the 0ariations in the fra/e delay .etween a pair of ser0ie
fra/es" where the ser0ie fra/es .elong to the sa/e Co& instane on a point to
point DTH onnetion!
frame loss ratio 3F!24 - ratio" is e;pressed as a perentage" of the nu/.er of ser0ie fra/es not deli0ered
di0ided .y the total nu/.er of ser0ie fra/es during ti/e inter0al T" where the
nu/.er of ser0ie fra/es not deli0ered is the differene .etween the nu/.er of
ser0ie fra/es arri0ing at the ingress DTH flow point and the nu/.er of ser0ie
fra/es deli0ered at the egress DTH flow point in a point-to-point DTH onnetion!
Copyright Huawei
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frame rela/ 3F24 - pa9et-swithing protool used for C-'s! +ra/e relay trans/its 0aria.le-length
pa9ets at up to 2 4.it)s o0er predeter/ined" set paths 9nown as P1Cs (per/anent
0irtual iruits)! It is a 0ariant of %!2( .ut sarifies %!2(Js error detetion for the
sa9e of speed!
free.ru mode -n operating ondition of a lo9" the output signal of whih is strongly influened
.y the osillating ele/ent and not ontrolled .y ser0o phase-lo9ing tehni6ues! In
this /ode the lo9 has ne0er had a networ9 referene input" or the lo9 has lost
e;ternal referene and has no aess to stored data" that ould .e a6uired fro/ a
pre0iously onneted e;ternal referene! +ree-run .egins when the lo9 output no
longer reflets the influene of a onneted e;ternal referene" or transition fro/ it!
+ree-run ter/inates when the lo9 output has ahie0ed lo9 to an e;ternal
referene!
fre?uec/ di&isio
du-lex 3F,,4
-n appliation in whih hannels are di0ided .y fre6ueny! In an +,, syste/" the
uplin9 and downlin9 use different fre6uenies! ,ownlin9 data is sent through
.ursts! =oth uplin9 and downlin9 trans/ission use fra/es with fi;ed ti/e length!
full rate - type of data trans/ission rate! The ser0ie .andwidth an .e A!B 9.it)s" @!*
9.it)s" or 2!@ 9.it)s!
fuse - safety de0ie that protets an eletri iruit fro/ e;essi0e urrent" onsisting
of or ontaining a /etal ele/ent that /elts when urrent e;eeds a speifi
a/perage" there.y opening the iruit!
9
9.AC> generi assoiated hannel header
9A! generi assoiated hannel header la.el
9CC general o//uniation hannel
9C2A generi ell rate algorith/
9FC generi flow ontrol
9F) &ee <eneri +ra/ing Proedure!
9NE &ee gateway networ9 ele/ent!
9)% &ee <lo.al Positioning &yste/!
92E &ee <eneri 2outing Dnapsulation!
9%M &ee <lo.al &yste/ for 4o.ile Co//uniations!
9T% &ee generi traffi shaping!
9#1 graphial user interfae
9eeric Framig
)rocedure 39F)4
- fra/ing and enapsulated /ethod that an .e applied to any data type! <+P is
defined .y IT5-T <!30@1!
9eeric 2outig
Eca-sulatio 392E4
- /ehanis/ for enapsulating any networ9 layer protool o0er any other
networ9! <2D is used for enapsulating IP datagra/s tunneled through the
Internet! <2D ser0es as a #ayer 3 tunneling protool and pro0ides a tunnel for
transparently trans/itting data pa9ets!
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9lobal )ositioig
%/stem 39)%4
- glo.al na0igation satellite syste/ that pro0ides relia.le positioning" na0igation"
and ti/ing ser0ies to users worldwide!
9lobal %/stem for
Mobile
Commuicatios
39%M4
The seond-generation /o.ile networ9ing standard defined .y Duropean
Teleo//uniations &tandards Institute (DT&I)! It is ai/ed at designing a standard
for glo.al /o.ile phone networ9s! The standard allows a su.sri.er to use a phone
glo.ally! <&4 onsists of three /ain parts7 /o.ile swithing su.syste/ (4&&)"
.ase station su.syste/ (=&&)" and /o.ile station (4&)!
gai The differene .etween the optial power fro/ the input optial interfae of the
optial a/plifier and the optial power fro/ the output optial interfae of the
:u/per fi.er" whih e;pressed in d=!
gatewa/ - de0ie that onnets two networ9 seg/ents using different protools! It is used
to translate the data in the two networ9 seg/ents!
gatewa/ etwor*
elemet 39NE4
-n 'D that ser0es as a gateway for other 'Ds to o//uniate with a networ9
/anage/ent syste/!
geeral flow cotrol - flow ontrol that is applia.le to the - interfae" C), interfae" and trun9s and
an .e ahie0ed .y integrating /ultiple funtion /odules! It is adopted when the
traffi is hea0y" or loation update and authentiation of /ultiple su.sri.ers are
perfor/ed after the syste/ restarts! It an effiiently pre0ent syste/ .rea9down
aused .y lin9 ongestion or CP5 o0erload!
geeric traffic s$a-ig
39T%4
- traffi ontrol /easure that proati0ely ad:usts the output speed of the traffi!
This is to adapt the traffi to networ9 resoures that an .e pro0ided .y the
downstrea/ router to a0oid pa9et disarding and ongestion!
groud termial - onnetion ter/inal on a o//uniation de0ie! It is used to onnet the de0ie
with ground a.les" /aintaining a tight onnetion .etween the de0ie and the
grounding eletrode!
>
>C% higher order onnetion super0ision
>,B( high density .ipolar of order 3 ode
>,!C High-#e0el ,ata #in9 Control
>,T' &ee high definition tele0ision!
>EC &ee header error ontrol!
>)A higher order path adaptation
>)T higher order path ter/ination
>+o% &ee hierarhial 6uality of ser0ie!
>%,)A &ee High &peed ,ownlin9 Pa9et -ess!
>%1 high-speed Internet
>ig$ %-eed ,owli*
)ac*et Access 3>%,)A4
- /odulating-de/odulating algorith/ put forward in 3<PP 2( to /eet the
re6uire/ent for asy//etri uplin9 and downlin9 trans/ission of data ser0ies! It
ena.les the /a;i/u/ downlin9 data ser0ie rate to reah 1@!@ 4.it)s without
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hanging the CC,4- networ9 topology!
$ag u- - all proessing /ode used .y an attendant to end the on0ersation with a user!
$ardware loo-bac* - onnetion /ode in whih a fi.er :u/per is used to onnet the input optial
interfae of a .oard to the output optial interfae of the .oard to ahie0e signal
loop.a9!
$eader error cotrol
3>EC4
- field within the -T4 fra/e whose purpose is to orret any single .it error in
the ell Header and also to detet any /ulti-.it errors! It atually perfor/s a C2C
he9 in the first four header .its and also at the reei0ing end!
$ello -ac*et The o//onest pa9et whih is periodially sent .y a router to its neigh.ors! It
ontains infor/ation a.out the ,2" =a9up ,esignated 2outer (=,2)" 9nown
neigh.ors and ti/er 0alues!
$ierarc$ical ?ualit/ of
ser&ice 3>+o%4
- type of Eo& that ontrols the traffi of users and perfor/s the sheduling
aording to the priority of user ser0ies! HEo& has an ad0aned traffi statistis
funtion" and the ad/inistrator an /onitor the usage of .andwidth of eah
ser0ie! Hene" the .andwidth an .e alloated reasona.ly through traffi analysis!
$ig$ defiitio
tele&isio 3>,T'4
- type of T1 that is apa.le of displaying at least 320 progressi0e or 10*0
interlaed ati0e san lines! It /ust .e apa.le of displaying a 1B7A i/age using at
least (@0 progressi0e or *10 interlaed ati0e san lines!
$istorical -erformace
data
Perfor/ane data that is stored in the history register or that has .een
auto/atially reported and stored in the '4&!
$o- - networ9 onnetion .etween two distant nodes! +or Internet operation a hop
represents a s/all step on the route fro/ one /ain o/puter to another!
$ot -atc$ - path that is used to repair a defiieny in the software or add a new feature to a
progra/ without restarting the software and interrupting the ser0ie! +or the
e6uip/ent using the .uilt-in syste/" a hot path an .e loaded" ati0ated"
onfir/ed" deati0ated" deleted" or 6ueried!
1
1ANA &ee Internet -ssigned 'u/.ers -uthority!
1C &ee integrated iruit!
1CC IT5 arrier ode
1CM) &ee Internet Control 4essage Protool!
1C) I4- Control Protool
1,# &ee indoor unit!
1EEE &ee Institute of Dletrial and Dletronis Dngineers!
1F &ee inter/ediate fre6ueny!
19M) &ee Internet <roup 4anage/ent Protool!
19M) soo-ig - /ultiast onstraint /ehanis/ running on a layer 2 de0ie! This protool
/anages and ontrols the /ultiast group .y listening to and analy8ing Internet
<roup 4anage/ent Protool (I<4P) pa9ets .etween hosts and #ayer 3 de0ies!
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In this /anner" the spread of the /ultiast data on layer 2 networ9 an .e
pre0ented effiiently!
19) &ee Interior <ateway Protool!
1!M ino/ing la.el /ap
1MA &ee in0erse /ultiple;ing o0er -T4!
1MA frame - ontrol unit in the I4- protool! It is a logial fra/e defined as 4 onseuti0e
ells" nu/.ered 0 to 4-l" trans/itted on eah of the ' lin9s in an I4- group!
1) Internet Protool
1) address - 32-.it (@-.yte) .inary nu/.er that uni6uely identifies a host onneted to the
Internet! -n IP address is e;pressed in dotted dei/al notation" onsisting of the
dei/al 0alues of its @ .ytes" separated with periodsI for e;a/ple" 123!0!0!1! The
first three .ytes of the IP address identify the networ9 to whih the host is
onneted" and the last .yte identifies the host itself!
1)A &ee intelligent power ad:ust/ent!
1)T' &ee Internet Protool tele0ision!
1)&7 &ee Internet Protool 0ersion @!
1)&@ &ee Internet Protool 0ersion B!
1%.1% &ee Inter/ediate &yste/ to Inter/ediate &yste/!
1%,N integrated ser0ies digital networ9
1%O International $rgani8ation for &tandardi8ation
1%) &ee Internet ser0ie pro0ider!
1%T internal spanning tree
1TC independent trans/it lo9
1T# &ee International Teleo//uniation 5nion!
1"F Interwor9ing +untion
1stitute of Electrical
ad Electroics
Egieers 31EEE4
- professional assoiation of eletrial and eletronis engineers .ased in the
5nited &tates" .ut with /e/.ership fro/ nu/erous other ountries! The IDDD
fouses on eletrial" eletronis" and o/puter engineering" and produes /any
i/portant tehnology standards!
1terior 9atewa/
)rotocol 319)4
- routing protool that is used within an autono/ous syste/! The I<P runs in
s/all-si8ed and /ediu/-si8ed networ9s! The o//only used I<Ps are the routing
infor/ation protool (2IP)" the interior gateway routing protool (I<2P)" the
enhaned I<2P (DI<2P)" and the open shortest path first ($&P+)!
1termediate %/stem to
1termediate %/stem
31%.1%4
- protool used .y networ9 de0ies (routers) to deter/ine the .est way to forward
datagra/ or pa9ets through a pa9et-.ased networ9!
1teratioal
Telecommuicatio
#io 31T#4
- 5nited 'ations ageny" one of the /ost i/portant and influential
reo//endation .odies" responsi.le for reo//ending standards for
teleo//uniation (IT5-T) and radio networ9s (IT5-2)!
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1teret Assiged
Numbers Aut$orit/
31ANA4
- depart/ent operated .y the I-=! I-'- delegates authority for IP address-spae
alloation and do/ain-na/e assign/ent to the 'IC and other organi8ations! I-'-
also /aintains a data.ase of assigned protool identifiers used in the TCP)IP suite"
inluding autono/ous syste/ nu/.ers!
1teret Cotrol
Message )rotocol
31CM)4
- networ9 layer protool that pro0ides /essage ontrol and error reporting
.etween a host ser0er and an Internet gateway!
1teret 9rou-
Maagemet )rotocol
319M)4
$ne of the TCP)IP protools for /anaging the /e/.ership of Internet Protool
/ultiast groups! It is used .y IP hosts and ad:aent /ultiast routers to esta.lish
and /aintain /ultiast group /e/.erships!
1teret )rotocol
tele&isio 31)T'4
- syste/ that pro0ides T1 ser0ies o0er the IP networ9! In the IPT1 syste/"
/edia strea/s fro/ satellites" terrestrial" and studios are on0erted .y the enoder
to the /edia strea/s applia.le to the IP networ9! Then the /edia strea/s are
trans/itted to the ter/inal layer on the IP networ9! 4edia ontent is displayed on a
T1 set after /edia strea/s are proessed .y speified reei0ing de0ies (for
e;a/ple" an &T=)!
1teret )rotocol
&ersio 7 31)&74
The urrent 0ersion of the Internet Protool (IP)! IP0@ utili8es a 32.it address
whih is assigned to hosts! -n address .elongs to one of fi0e lasses (-" =" C" ,"
or D) and is written as @ otets separated .y periods and /ay range fro/ 0!0!0!0
through to 2((!2((!2((!2((! Dah IP0@ address onsists of a networ9 nu/.er" an
optional su.networ9 nu/.er" and a host nu/.er! The networ9 and su.networ9
nu/.ers together are used for routing" and the host nu/.er is used to address an
indi0idual host within the networ9 or su.networ9!
1teret )rotocol
&ersio @ 31)&@4
-n update 0ersion of IP0@" whih is designed .y the Internet Dngineering Tas9
+ore (IDT+) and is also alled IP 'e;t <eneration (IPng)! It is a new 0ersion of
the Internet Protool! The differene .etween IP0B and IP0@ is that an IP0@ address
has 32 .its while an IP0B address has 12* .its!
1teret ser&ice
-ro&ider 31%)4
-n organi8ation that offers users aess to the Internet and related ser0ies!
iboud ,ata trans/ission fro/ the e;ternal lin9 to the router for the routers that support
the 'et&trea/ feature!
idicator ,esription of a perfor/ane feature olleted fro/ the /anaged de0ies .y the
perfor/ane olletor!
idoor uit 31,#4 The indoor unit of the split-strutured radio e6uip/ent! It i/ple/ents aessing"
/ultiple;ing)de/ultiple;ing" and inter/ediate fre6ueny (I+) proessing for
ser0ies!
i-ut Citter tolerace The /easure of a reei0erJs a.ility to tolerate :itter on an ino/ing wa0efor/!
isertio loss The loss of power that results fro/ inserting a o/ponent" suh as a onnetor"
oupler" or splie" into a pre0iously ontinuous path!
itegrated circuit 31C4 - o/.ination of insepara.le assoiated iruit ele/ents that are for/ed in plae
and interonneted on or within a single .ase /aterial to perfor/ a /iroiruit
funtion!
itelliget -ower
adCustmet 31)A4
- tehnology that redues the optial power of all the a/plifiers in an ad:aent
regeneration setion in the upstrea/ to a safe le0el if the syste/ detets the loss of
optial signals on the lin9! IP- helps ensure that /aintenane engineers are not
in:ured .y the laser esaping fro/ a .ro9en fi.er or a onnetor that is not plugged
Copyright Huawei
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in properly!
iterlea&ig - proess of syste/atially hanging the .it se6uene of a digital signal" usually as
part of the hannel oding" in order to redue the influene of error .ursts that /ay
our during trans/ission!
itermediate fre?uec/
31F4
The transitional fre6ueny .etween the fre6uenies of a /odulated signal and an
2+ signal!
i&erse multi-lexig
o&er ATM 31MA4
- tehni6ue that in0ol0es in0erse /ultiple;ing and de-/ultiple;ing of -T4 ells
in a ylial fashion a/ong lin9s grouped to for/ a higher .andwidth logial lin9
whose rate is appro;i/ately the su/ of the lin9 rates!
L
Citter The /easure of short wa0efor/ 0ariations aused .y 0i.ration" 0oltage
flutuations" and ontrol syste/ insta.ility!
Cum-er - onnetion wire for onneting two pins!
K
K b/te - general designation of G1 .yte and G2 .yte in the &,H!
!
!2 switc$ig The swithing .ased on the data lin9 layer!
!2')N #ayer 2 0irtual pri0ate networ9
!AC) &ee #in9 -ggregation Control Protool!
!AC),# #in9 -ggregation Control Protool data unit
!A9 &ee lin9 aggregation group!
!AN &ee loal area networ9!
!A)% #in9 -ess Protool-&,H
!B &ee loop.a9!
!BM &ee loop.a9 /essage!
!B2 &ee loop.a9 reply!
!C #uent onnetor
!CA% &ee lin9 apaity ad:ust/ent she/e!
!CN loal o//uniations networ9
!CT loal raft ter/inal
!,) #a.el ,istri.ution Protool
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!E, &ee light e/itting diode!
!E2 &ee la.el edge router!
!1FO &ee last in first out!
!1# logial interfae unit
!! logial lin9
!!C &ee logial lin9 ontrol!
!!1, loal loop.a9 I,
!M &ee loss /easure/ent!
!OC loss of ontinuity
!OM loss of /ultifra/e
!O) loss of pointer
!O% &ee loss of signal!
!) lower order path
!)A lower order path adaptation
!)F &ee low-pass filter!
!)T lin9-state pass through
!%) &ee la.el swithed path!
!%2 &ee la.el swithing router!
!T lin9trae
!TM &ee lin9trae /essage!
!T2 &ee lin9trae reply!
!# line unit
!a/er 2 switc$ig - data forwarding /ethod! In a #-'" a networ9 .ridge or *02!3 Dthernet swith
trans/its and distri.utes pa9et data .ased on the 4-C address! &ine the 4-C
address is at the seond layer of the $&I /odel" this data forwarding /ethod is
alled #ayer 2 swithing!
!i* Aggregatio
Cotrol )rotocol
3!AC)4
- dyna/i lin9 aggregation protool that i/pro0es the trans/ission speed and
relia.ility! The two ends of the lin9 send #-CP pa9ets to infor/ eah other of
their para/eters and for/ a logial aggregation lin9! -fter the aggregation lin9 is
for/ed" #-CP /aintains the lin9 status in real ti/e and dyna/ially ad:usts the
ports on the aggregation lin9 upon deteting the failure of a physial port!
label - short identifier that is of fi;ed length and loal signifiane! It is used to
uni6uely identify the +DC to whih a pa9et .elongs! It does not ontain topology
infor/ation! It is arried in the header of a pa9et and does not ontain topology
infor/ation!
label distributio Pa9ets with the sa/e destination address .elong to an +DC! - la.el out of an
4P#& la.el resoure pool is alloated to the +DC! #&2s reord the relationship of
the la.el and the +DC! Then" #&2s sends a /essage and ad0ertises to upstrea/
Copyright Huawei
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#&2s a.out the la.el and +DC relationship in /essage! The proess is alled la.el
distri.ution!
label edge router 3!E24 - de0ie that sits at the edge of an 4P#& do/ain" that uses routing infor/ation to
assign la.els to datagra/s and then forwards the/ into the 4P#& do/ain!
label s-ace 1alue range of the la.el alloated to peers!
label switc$ed -at$
3!%)4
- se6uene of hops (20!!!2n) in whih a pa9et tra0els fro/ 20 to 2n through
la.el swithing /ehanis/s! - la.el-swithed path an .e hosen dyna/ially"
.ased on o//on routing /ehanis/s or through onfiguration!
label switc$ig router
3!%24
=asi ele/ent of an 4P#& networ9! -ll #&2s support the 4P#& protool! The
#&2 is o/posed of two parts7 ontrol unit and forwarding unit! The for/er is
responsi.le for alloating the la.el" seleting the route" reating the la.el
forwarding ta.le" reating and re/o0ing the la.el swith pathI the latter forwards
the la.els aording to groups reei0ed in the la.el forwarding ta.le!
laser - o/ponent that generates diretional optial wa0es of narrow wa0elengths! The
laser light has .etter oherene than ordinary light! &e/i-ondutor lasers pro0ide
the light used in a fi.er syste/!
last i first out 3!1FO4 - play /ode of the 0oie /ails" the last 0oie /ail is played firstly!
la/er - onept used to allow transport networ9 funtionality to .e desri.ed
hierarhially as suessi0e le0elsI eah layer .eing solely onerned with the
generation and transfer of its harateristi infor/ation!
licese - per/ission that the 0endor pro0ides for the user with a speifi funtion"
apaity" and duration of a produt! - liense an .e a file or a serial nu/.er!
5sually the liense onsists of enrypted odes! The operation authority granted
0aries with the le0el of the liense!
lig$t emittig diode
3!E,4
- display and lighting tehnology used in al/ost e0ery eletrial and eletroni
produt on the /ar9et" fro/ a tiny on)off light to digital readouts" flashlights"
traffi lights" and peri/eter lighting! #D,s are also used as the light soure in
/ulti/ode fi.ers" optial /ie" and laser printers!
lie rate The /a;i/u/ pa9et forwarding apaity on a a.le! The 0alue of line rate e6uals
the /a;i/u/ trans/ission rate apa.le on a gi0en type of /edia!
liear M%) linear /ultiple; setion protetion
li* aggregatio grou-
3!A94
-n aggregation that allows one or /ore lin9s to .e aggregated together to for/ a
lin9 aggregation group so that a 4-C lient an treat the lin9 aggregation group as
if it were a single lin9!
li* ca-acit/
adCustmet sc$eme
3!CA%4
#C-& in the 0irtual onatenation soure and sin9 adaptation funtions pro0ides a
ontrol /ehanis/ to hitless inrease or derease the apaity of a lin9 to /eet the
.andwidth needs of the appliation! It also pro0ides a /eans of re/o0ing /e/.er
lin9s that ha0e e;periened failure! The #C-& assu/es that in ases of apaity
initiation" inreases or dereases" the onstrution or destrution of the end-to-end
path is the responsi.ility of the networ9 and ele/ent /anage/ent syste/s!
li* moitorig - /ehanis/ for an interfae to notify the peer of the fault when the interfae
detets that the nu/.er of errored fra/es" errored odes" or errored fra/e seonds
reahes or e;eeds the speified threshold!
li* -rotectio Protetion pro0ided .y the .ypass tunnel for the lin9 on the wor9ing tunnel! The
lin9 is a downstrea/ lin9 ad:aent to the point of loal repair (P#2)! Chen the
Copyright Huawei
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P#2 fails to pro0ide node protetion" the lin9 protetion should .e pro0ided!
li*trace message
3!TM4
The /essage sent .y the initiator 4DP of *02!1ag 4-C Trae to the destination
4DP! #T4 inludes the Ti/e to #i0e (TT#) and the 4-C address of the
destination 4DP2!
li*trace re-l/ 3!T24 +or *02!1ag 4-C Trae" the destination 4DP replies with a response /essage to
the soure 4DP after the destination 4DP reei0es the #T4" and the response
/essage is alled #T2! #T2 also inludes the TT# that e6uals the result of the TT#
of #T4 /inus 1!
load balacig The distri.ution of ati0ity aross two or /ore ser0ers or o/ponents in order to
a0oid o0erloading any one with too /any re6uests or too /uh traffi!
loadig - proess of i/porting infor/ation fro/ the storage de0ie to the /e/ory to
failitate proessing (when the infor/ation is data) or e;eution (when the
infor/ation is progra/)!
local ME) -n 4DP of a de0ie on a networ9 ena.led with Dthernet C+4!
local area etwor*
3!AN4
- networ9 for/ed .y the o/puters and wor9stations within the o0erage of a few
s6uare 9ilo/eters or within a single .uilding" featuring high speed and low error
rate! Current #-'s are generally .ased on swithed Dthernet or Ci-+i tehnology
and run at 1"000 4.it)s (that is" 1 <.it)s)!
logical iterface -n interfae that does not e;ist physially and o/es into .eing through
onfiguration! It an also e;hange data!
logical li* cotrol
3!!C4
-ording to the IDDD *02 fa/ily of standards" #ogial #in9 Control (##C) is the
upper su.layer of the $&I data lin9 layer! The ##C is the sa/e for the 0arious
physial /edia (suh as Dthernet" to9en ring" C#-')!
loo-bac* 3!B4 - trou.leshooting tehni6ue that returns a trans/itted signal to its soure so that
the signal or /essage an .e analy8ed for errors! The loop.a9 an .e a inloop or
outloop!
loo-bac* message
3!BM4
The loop.a9 pa9et sent .y the node that supports *02!2ag 4-C Ping to the
destination node! #=4 /essage arries its own sending ti/e!
loo-bac* re-l/ 3!B24 - response /essage in0ol0ed in the *02!2ag 4-C Ping funtion" with whih the
destination 4DP replies to the soure 4DP after the destination 4DP reei0es the
#=4! The #=2 arries the sending ti/e of #=4" the reei0ing ti/e of #=4 and
the sending ti/e of #=2!
loss measuremet 3!M4 - /ethod used to ollet ounter 0alues applia.le for ingress and egress ser0ie
fra/es where the ounters /aintain a ount of trans/itted and reei0ed data
fra/es .etween a pair of 4DPs!
loss of sigal 3!O%4 'o transitions ourring in the reei0ed signal!
low.-ass filter 3!)F4 - filter designed to trans/it eletro/agneti fre6uenies .elow a ertain 0alue"
while e;luding those of a higher fre6ueny!
lower t$res$old - lower perfor/ane li/it whih when e;eeded .y a perfor/ane e0ent ounter
will trigger a threshold-rossing e0ent!
M
Copyright Huawei
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MA /aintenane assoiation
MAC &ee 4edia -ess Control!
MAC address - lin9 layer address or physial address! It is si; .ytes long!
MAC address agig - funtion that deletes 4-C address entries of a de0ie when no pa9ets are
reei0ed fro/ this de0ie within a speified ti/e period!
MA,M /ultiple add)drop /ultiple;er
MAN &ee /etropolitan area networ9!
MB% /a;i/u/ .urst si8e
MCF /essage o//uniation funtion
MC2 /ini/u/ ell rate
M, &ee /aintenane do/ain!
M,) /essage dispath proess
ME &ee /aintenane entity!
ME9 /aintenane entity group
ME! /aintenane entity group le0el
ME) &ee /aintenane entity group end point!
MFA% &ee /ultifra/e align/ent signal!
M1) &ee /aintenane entity group inter/ediate point!
M!, &ee /ultiast listener diso0ery!
M) /aintenane point
M)1, /aintenane point identifiation
M)!% &ee 4ultiprotool #a.el &withing!
M)!% TE /ultiprotool la.el swithing traffi engineering
M)!% ')N &ee /ultiprotool la.el swithing 0irtual pri0ate networ9!
M% /ultiple; setion
M%A /ultiple; setion adaptation
M%B /ost signifiant .it
M%O> /ultiple; setion o0erhead
M%) &ee /ultiple; setion protetion!
M%T &ee /ultiple; setion ter/ination!
M%T regio &ee 4ultiple &panning Tree region!
M%T1 &ee /ultiple spanning tree instane!
M%T) &ee 4ultiple &panning Tree Protool!
MTBF &ee /ean ti/e .etween failures!
Copyright Huawei
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MT1E /a;i/u/ ti/e inter0al error
MTT2 &ee /ean ti/e to repair!
MT# &ee /a;i/u/ trans/ission unit!
M#F &ee /ultiple;er!
Media Access Cotrol
3MAC4
- protool at the /edia aess ontrol su.layer! The protool is at the lower part of
the data lin9 layer in the $&I /odel and is /ainly responsi.le for ontrolling and
onneting the physial /edia at the physial layer! Chen trans/itting data" the
4-C protool he9s whether to .e a.le to trans/it data! If the data an .e
trans/itted" ertain ontrol infor/ation is added to the data" and then the data and
the ontrol infor/ation are trans/itted in a speified for/at to the physial layer!
Chen reei0ing data" the 4-C protool he9s whether the infor/ation is orret
and whether the data is trans/itted orretly! If the infor/ation is orret and the
data is trans/itted orretly" the ontrol infor/ation is re/o0ed fro/ the data and
then the data is trans/itted to the ##C layer!
Multi-le %-aig Tree
)rotocol 3M%T)4
- protool that an .e used in a loop networ9! 5sing an algorith/" the 4&TP
.lo9s redundant paths so that the loop networ9 an .e tri//ed as a tree networ9!
In this ase" the proliferation and endless yling of pa9ets is a0oided in the loop
networ9! The protool that introdues the /apping .etween 1#-'s and /ultiple
spanning trees! This sol0es the pro.le/ that data annot .e nor/ally forwarded in
a 1#-' .eause in &TP)2&TP" only one spanning tree orresponds to all the
1#-'s!
Multi-le %-aig Tree
regio 3M%T regio4
- region that onsists of swithes that support the 4&TP in the #-' and lin9s
a/ong the/! &withes physially and diretly onneted and onfigured with the
sa/e 4&T region attri.utes .elong to the sa/e 4&T region!
Multi-rotocol !abel
%witc$ig 3M)!%4
- tehnology that uses short tags of fi;ed length to enapsulate pa9ets in different
lin9 layers" and pro0ides onnetion-oriented swithing for the networ9 layer on
the .asis of IP routing and ontrol protools!
mai to-olog/ - .asi o/ponent of a hu/an-/ahine interfae! It is the default lient interfae
of the '4& and intuiti0ely displays the struture of a networ9" 'Ds on the
networ9" su.nets in the networ9 as well as the 'D o//uniation and running
status" refleting the o0erall networ9 running status!
maiteace domai
3M,4
The networ9 or the part of the networ9 for whih onneti0ity is /anaged .y
onneti0ity fault /anage/ent (C+4)! The de0ies in a /aintenane do/ain are
/anaged .y a single Internet ser0ie pro0ider (I&P)!
maiteace etit/
3ME4
-n 4D onsists of a pair of /aintenane entity group end points (4DPs)" two ends
of a transport trail" and /aintenane assoiation inter/ediate points (4IPs) on the
trail!
maiteace etit/
grou- ed -oit 3ME)4
-n end point of a 4D<" whih is a.le to initiali8e and stop the trans/ission of
$-4 data pa9ets for fault /anage/ent and perfor/ane /onitoring!
maiteace etit/
grou- itermediate
-oit 3M1)4
-n inter/ediate point in a 4D<" whih is a.le to forward $-4 pa9ets and
respond to so/e $-4 pa9ets" .ut una.le to initiate the trans/ission of $-4
pa9ets or perfor/ any operations on networ9 onnetions!
maagemet
iformatio
The infor/ation that is used for networ9 /anage/ent in a transport networ9!
Copyright Huawei
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maximum trasmissio
uit 3MT#4
The largest pa9et of data that an .e trans/itted on a networ9! 4T5 si8e 0aries"
depending on the networ9Y(3B .ytes on %!2( networ9s" for e;a/ple" 1(00 .ytes
on Dthernet" and 13"A1@ .ytes on 1B 4.it)s to9en ring! 2esponsi.ility for
deter/ining the si8e of the 4T5 lies with the lin9 layer of the networ9! Chen
pa9ets are trans/itted aross networ9s" the path 4T5" or P4T5" represents the
s/allest pa9et si8e (the one that all networ9s an trans/it without .rea9ing up the
pa9et) a/ong the networ9s in0ol0ed!
mea time betwee
failures 3MTBF4
The a0erage ti/e .etween onseuti0e failures of a piee of e6uip/ent! It is a
/easure of the relia.ility of the syste/!
mea time to re-air
3MTT24
The a0erage ti/e that a de0ie will ta9e to reo0er fro/ a failure!
measuremet -eriod The inter0al for 'Ds to report /easure/ent results to the 'etwor9 4anage/ent
&yste/ ('4&)!
medium - physial /ediu/ for storing o/puter infor/ation! - /ediu/ is used for data
dupliation and 9eeping the data for so/e ti/e! $riginal data an .e o.tained fro/
a /ediu/!
member - .asi ele/ent for for/ing a di/ension aording to the hierarhy of eah le0el!
Dah /e/.er represents a data ele/ent in a di/ension! +or e;a/ple" Fanuary 1AA3
is a typial /e/.er of the ti/e di/ension!
metro-olita area
etwor* 3MAN4
- /ediu/-sale o/puter networ9 with area larger than that o0ered .y a #-'
and s/aller than that o0ered .y a C-'! It interonnets /ultiple #-' networ9s
in a geographi region of a ity!
microwa&e The portion of the eletro/agneti spetru/ with /uh longer wa0elengths than
infrared radiation" typially a.o0e a.out 1 //!
mirrorig The dupliation of data for .a9up or to distri.ute networ9 traffi a/ong se0eral
o/puters with idential data!
moitorig - /ethod that an inspetor uses to inspet a ser0ie agent! =y /onitoring a ser0ie
agent" an inspetor an he9 eah detailed operation perfor/ed .y the ser0ie
agent during the on0ersation and operate the <5I used .y the ser0ie agent! The
inspetor helps the ser0ie agent to pro0ide .etter ser0ie!
moutig -n au;iliary or assoiated ondition or o/ponent of a de0ie!
moutig ear - piee of angle plate on a ra9! The /ounting ear has holes that an .e used to fi;
networ9 ele/ents or o/ponents!
multicast - proess of trans/itting data pa9ets fro/ one soure to /any destinations! The
destination address of the /ultiast pa9et uses Class , address" that is" the IP
address ranges fro/ 22@!0!0!0 to 23A!2((!2((!2((! Dah /ultiast address
represents a /ultiast group rather than a host!
multicast listeer
disco&er/ 3M!,4
- protool used .y an IP0B router to diso0er the /ultiast listeners on their
diretly onneted networ9 seg/ents" and to set up and /aintain /e/.er
relationships! $n IP0B networ9s" after 4#, is onfigured on the reei0er hosts and
the /ultiast router to whih the hosts are diretly onneted" the hosts an
dyna/ially :oin related groups and the /ultiast router an /anage /e/.ers on
the loal networ9!
multiframe aligmet
sigal 3MFA%4
- distinti0e signal inserted into e0ery /ultifra/e or one into e0ery n
/ultifra/es" always oupying the sa/e relati0e position within the /ultifra/e"
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and used to esta.lish and /aintain /ultifra/e align/ent!
multi-le s-aig tree
istace 3M%T14
- type of spanning trees alulated .y 4&TP within an 4&T 2egion" to pro0ide a
si/ply and fully onneted ati0e topology for fra/es lassified as .elonging to a
1#-' that is /apped to the 4&TI .y the 4&T Configuration! - 1#-' annot .e
assigned to /ultiple 4&TIs!
multi-lex sectio
-rotectio 3M%)4
- funtion" whih is perfor/ed to pro0ide apa.ility for swithing a signal
.etween and inluding two /ultiple; setion ter/ination (4&T) funtions" fro/ a
?wor9ing? to a ?protetion? hannel!
multi-lex sectio
termiatio 3M%T4
- funtion that generates the /ultiple; setion o0erhead (4&$H) during the
for/ation of an &,H fra/e signal and that ter/inates the 4&$H in the re0erse
diretion!
multi-lexer 3M#F4 D6uip/ent that o/.ines a nu/.er of tri.utary hannels onto a fewer nu/.er of
aggregate .earer hannels" the relationship .etween the tri.utary and aggregate
hannels .eing fi;ed!
multi-lexig - proedure .y whih /ultiple lower order path layer signals are adapted into a
higher order path or the /ultiple higher order path layer signals are adapted into a
/ultiple; setion!
multi-rotocol label
switc$ig &irtual
-ri&ate etwor* 3M)!%
')N4
-n Internet Protool (IP) 0irtual pri0ate networ9 (1P') .ased on the /ultiprotool
la.el swithing (4P#&) tehnology! It applies the 4P#& tehnology for networ9
routers and swithes" si/plifies the routing /ode of ore routers" and o/.ines
traditional routing tehnology and la.el swithing tehnology! It an .e used to
onstrut the .road.and Intranet and D;tranet to /eet 0arious ser0ie
re6uire/ents!
N
NE1 -rotectio - radio lin9 protetion syste/ o/posed of ' wor9ing hannels and one
protetion hannel!
NA% networ9 aess ser0er
NC &ee 'TP lient!
NE 1, -n I, that indiates a /anaged de0ie in the networ9! In the networ9" eah 'D has
a uni6ue 'D I,!
N9N &ee ne;t generation networ9!
N>!FE ne;t hop la.el forwarding entry
N!) nor/al lin9 pulse
NM networ9 /anage/ent
NMC networ9 /anage/ent enter
NN1 networ9-to-networ9 interfae
N) &ee networ9 proessor!
N)C &ee networ9 para/eter ontrol!
N)E networ9 pro0ider edge
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N2T.'B2 non-real-ti/e 0aria.le .it rate
N2M non-return to 8ero
N2M code non-return-to-8ero ode
N2M1 non-return to 8ero in0erted
N%A) &ee networ9 ser0ie aess point!
N%F non-stop forwarding
NT) 'etwor9 Ti/e Protool
NT) cliet 3NC4 - .otto/-le0el de0ie in the ti/e synhroni8ation networ9! -n 'TP lient o.tains
ti/e fro/ its upper-le0el 'TP ser0er without pro0iding the ti/e synhroni8ation
ser0ie! Co/pared with the top-le0el 'TP ser0er" the inter/ediate 'TP ser0er
so/eti/es is alled an 'TP lient!
etwor* la/er #ayer 3 of the se0en-layer $&I /odel of o/puter networ9ing! The networ9 layer
pro0ides routing and addressing so that two ter/inal syste/s are interonneted! In
addition" the networ9 layer pro0ides ongestion ontrol and traffi ontrol! In the
TCP)IP protool suite" the funtions of the networ9 layer are speified and
i/ple/ented .y IP protools! Therefore" the networ9 layer is also alled IP layer!
etwor* -arameter
cotrol 3N)C4
,uring o//uniations" 5PC is i/ple/ented to /onitor the atual traffi on eah
0irtual iruit that is input to the networ9! $ne the speified para/eter is
e;eeded" /easures will .e ta9en to ontrol! 'PC is si/ilar to 5PC in funtion!
The differene is that the ino/ing traffi /onitoring funtion is di0ided into 5PC
and 'PC aording to their positions! 5PC loates at the user)networ9 interfae"
while 'PC at the networ9 interfae!
etwor* -rocessor 3N)4 -n integrated iruit whih has a feature set speifially targeted at the networ9ing
appliation do/ain! 'etwor9 Proessors are typially software progra//a.le
de0ies and would ha0e generi harateristis si/ilar to general purpose CP5s
that are o//only used in /any different types of e6uip/ent and produts!
etwor* segmet Part of a networ9 on whih all /essage traffi is o//on to all nodesI that is" a
/essage .roadast fro/ one node on the seg/ent is reei0ed .y all other nodes on
the seg/ent!
etwor* ser&ice - ser0ie that needs to .e ena.led at the networ9 layer and /aintained as a .asi
ser0ie!
etwor* ser&ice access
-oit 3N%A)4
- networ9 address defined .y I&$" at whih the $&I 'etwor9 &er0ie is /ade
a0aila.le to a 'etwor9 ser0ie user .y the 'etwor9 ser0ie pro0ider!
etwor* storm - pheno/enon that ours during data o//uniation! To .e speifi" /ass
.roadast pa9ets are trans/itted in a short ti/eI the networ9 is ongestedI
trans/ission 6uality and a0aila.ility of the networ9 derease rapidly! The networ9
stor/ is aused .y networ9 onnetion or onfiguration pro.le/s!
ext geeratio etwor*
3N9N4
- pa9et-.ased networ9 ai/ed to address re6uire/ent of 0arious ser0ies! It
adopts an integrated and open networ9 fra/ewor9! In '<'" ser0ies are separated
fro/ all ontrolI all ontrol is separated fro/ .earer! In this way" ser0ies are
independent of networ9! '<' an pro0ide 0arious ser0ies" suh as 0oie ser0ies"
data ser0ies" /ulti/edia ser0ies or the integration of se0eral ser0ies!
oise figure - /easure of degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio (&'2)" aused .y
o/ponents in a radio fre6ueny (2+) signal hain! The noise figure is defined as
Copyright Huawei
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the ratio of the output noise power of a de0ie to the portion thereof attri.uta.le to
ther/al noise in the input ter/ination at standard noise te/perature T0 (usually
2A0 G)! The noise figure is thus the ratio of atual output noise to that whih would
re/ain if the de0ie itself did not introdue noise! It is a nu/.er .y whih the
perfor/ane of a radio reei0er an .e speified!
o.9NE &ee non-gateway networ9 ele/ent!
o.gatewa/ etwor*
elemet 3o.9NE4
- networ9 ele/ent that o//uniates with the '4 appliation layer through the
gateway 'D appliation layer!
O
OGM operation and /aintenane
OA optial a/plifier
OA,M &ee optial add)drop /ultiple;er!
OAM &ee operation" ad/inistration and /aintenane!
OAM),# operation" ad/inistration and /aintenane protool data unit
OA# &ee optial a/plifier unit!
OC ordinary lo9
OC) optial hannel protetion
OC% optial ore swithing
O,F optial distri.ution fra/e
O,# &ee outdoor unit!
OF% out-of-fra/e seond
O>A o0erhead aess
O>) o0erhead proessing
O!T optial line ter/inal
ON# &ee optial networ9 unit!
O)EF operating e;pense
O)# optial hannel payload unit
O%C &ee optial super0isory hannel!
O%N optial swith node
O%N2 &ee optial signal-to-noise ratio!
O%)F &ee $pen &hortest Path +irst!
OT,2 &ee optial ti/e do/ain refleto/eter!
OTM optial ter/inal /ultiple;er
OTN optial transport networ9
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OT# &ee optial transponder unit!
OT#* optial hannel transport unit - 9
O-e %$ortest )at$
First 3O%)F4
- lin9-state" hierarhial interior gateway protool (I<P) for networ9 routing that
uses ost as its routing /etri! - lin9 state data.ase is onstruted of the networ9
topology" whih is idential on all routers in the area!
offlie Pertaining to the disonnetion .etween a de0ie or a ser0ie unit and the syste/
or the networ9" or no running of a de0ie and ser0ie unit!
olie - state indiating that a o/puter de0ie or progra/ is ati0ated and is ready for
operations" and an o//uniate with a o/puter or an .e ontrolled .y the
o/puter!
o-eratioB
admiistratio ad
maiteace 3OAM4
- set of networ9 /anage/ent funtions that o0er fault detetion" notifiation"
loation" and repair!
o-tical add0dro-
multi-lexer 3OA,M4
- de0ie that an .e used to add the optial signals of 0arious wa0elengths to one
hannel and drop the optial signals of 0arious wa0elengths fro/ one hannel!
o-tical am-lifier uit
3OA#4
- .oard that is /ainly responsi.le for a/plifying optial signals! The $-5 an .e
used in .oth the trans/itting diretion and the reei0ing diretion!
o-tical atteuator - passi0e de0ie that inreases the attenuation in a fi.er lin9! -n optial attenuator
is used to ensure that the optial power of a signal at the reei0e end is not
e;essi0ely high!
o-tical coector - o/ponent attahed to the end of an optial fi.er that allows the fi.er to onnet
to another fi.er or an optial soure!
o-tical fiber - thin fila/ent of glass or other transparent /aterial" through whih a signal-
enoded light .ea/ /ay .e trans/itted using total internal refletion!
o-tical iterface - o/ponent that onnets se0eral trans/it or reei0e units!
o-tical etwor* uit
3ON#4
- for/ of -ess 'ode that on0erts optial signals trans/itted 0ia fi.er to
eletrial signals that an .e trans/itted 0ia oa;ial a.le or twisted pair opper
wiring to indi0idual su.sri.ers!
o-tical sigal.to.oise
ratio 3O%N24
The ratio of signal power to noise power in a trans/ission lin9! $&'2 is the /ost
i/portant inde; for /easuring the perfor/ane of a ,C,4 syste/!
o-tical s-litter - passi0e o/ponent" whih is used for splitting and sending optial power to
/ultiple $'5s onneted .y an optial fi.er! In a <P$' syste/ that onsists of
the $#T" $'5" splitter" and optial fi.ers" aording to the split ratio" the optial
signal o0er the optial fi.er onneted to the $#T is splitted into /ultiple hannels
of optial signals and send eah hannel to eah $'5! &plit ratio deter/ines how
/any hannels of optial signals an optial fi.er an .e split to!
o-tical su-er&isor/
c$ael 3O%C4
- tehnology that uses speifi optial wa0elengths to reali8e o//uniation
a/ong nodes in optial trans/ission networ9 and trans/it the /onitoring data in a
ertain hannel!
o-tical time domai
reflectometer 3OT,24
- de0ie that sends a series of short pulses of light down a fi.er-opti a.le and
/easures the strength of the return pulses! -n $T,2 is used to /easure fi.er
length and light loss" and to loate fi.er faults!
o-tical tras-oder uit - de0ie or su.syste/ that on0erts aessed lient signals into a
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3OT#4 <!BA@!1)<!BA@!2-o/pliant C,4 wa0elength!
orderwire - hannel that pro0ides 0oie o//uniation .etween operation engineers or
/aintenane engineers of different stations!
outdoor uit 3O,#4 The outdoor unit of the split-strutured radio e6uip/ent! It i/ple/ents fre6ueny
on0ersion and a/plifiation for radio fre6ueny (2+) signals!
)
)2M) point-to-/ultipoint
)2) &ee point-to-point ser0ie!
)A power a/plifier
)A,2 PPPoD ati0e diso0ery re6uest
)B% &ee pea9 .urst si8e!
)CB &ee printed iruit .oard!
)CM &ee pulse ode /odulation!
)C2 &ee pea9 ell rate!
)C% physial oding su.layer
),> &ee plesiohronous digital hierarhy!
),# &ee power distri.ution unit!
)E &ee pro0ider edge!
)9N, cable - a.le whih onnets the e6uip/ent and the protetion grounding .ar! 5sually"
one half of the a.le is yellow" whereas the other half is green!
)>B &ee per-hop .eha0ior!
)1M.,M Protool Independent 4ultiast - ,ense 4ode
)1M.%M Protool Independent 4ultiast - &parse 4ode
)KT partition 9nowledge ta.le
)!! &ee phase-lo9ed loop!
)M perfor/ane /onitoring
)M, polari8ation /ode dispersion
)O> path o0erhead
)O% &ee pa9et o0er &,H)&$'DT!
)), partial pa9et disard
))1 P,H physial interfae
))) Point-to-Point Protool
)))oE Point-to-Point Protool o0er Dthernet
Copyright Huawei
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))% port protetion swithing
)+ &ee priority 6ueuing!
)2B% &ee pseudo rando/ .inary se6uene!
)2C pri/ary referene lo9
)%, &ee power spetru/ density!
)%N &ee pa9et swithed networ9!
)%TN &ee pu.li swithed telephone networ9!
)%# power supply unit
)T payload type
)T1 payload type indiator
)TN pa9et transport networ9
)T) Preision Ti/e Protool
)'C per/anent 0irtual hannel
)'1, &ee port default 1#-' I,!
)') &ee per/anent 0irtual path!
)" &ee pseudo wire!
)"E( &ee pseudo wire e/ulation edge-to-edge!
-ac*et discardig - funtion of disarding the pa9ets fro/ un9nown 1#-' do/ain or .roadast
pa9ets! Pa9et ,isarding is used to pre0ent the situation where un9nown pa9ets
or .roadast pa9ets use the .andwidth on a lin9" i/pro0ing the relia.ility of
ser0ie trans/ission!
-ac*et forwardig -n ation perfor/ed .y a router to forward a reei0ed datagra/" where the
destination IP address does not /ath the IP address of the router" to another router
or destination host on the router list!
-ac*et loss The disarding of data pa9ets in a networ9 when a de0ie is o0erloaded and
annot aept any ino/ing data at a gi0en /o/ent!
-ac*et o&er
%,>0%ONET 3)O%4
- 4-' and C-' tehnology that pro0ides point-to-point data onnetions! The
P$& interfae uses &,H)&$'DT as the physial layer protool" and supports the
transport of pa9et data (suh as IP pa9ets) in 4-' and C-'!
-ac*et rate The nu/.er of .its or .ytes passed within a speified ti/e! It is e;pressed in .its)s
or .ytes)s!
-ac*et switc$ed
etwor* 3)%N4
- teleo//uniations networ9 that wor9s in pa9et swithing /ode!
-ac*et switc$ig - networ9 tehnology in whih infor/ation is trans/itted .y /eans of e;hanging
pa9ets and the .andwidth of a hannel an .e shared .y /ultiple onnetions!
-aired slots Two slots of whih the o0erheads an .e passed through .y using the .us on the
.a9plane!
-arit/ bit - he9 .it appended to an array of .inary digits to /a9e the su/ of all the .inary
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digits" inluding the he9 .it" always odd or always e0en!
-arit/ c$ec* - /ethod for harater le0el error detetion! -n e;tra .it is added to a string of
.its" usually a 3-.it -&CII harater" so that the total nu/.er of .its 1 is odd or
e0en (odd or e0en parity)! =oth ends of a data trans/ission /ust use the sa/e
parity! Chen the trans/itting de0ie fra/es a harater" it ounts the nu/.ers of 1s
in the fra/e and attahes the appropriate parity .it! The reipient ounts the 1s and"
if there is parity error" /ay as9 for the data to .e retrans/itted!
-arts re-lacemet - /aintenane operation of re/o0ing a faulty part or a part to .e e;a/ined fro/ a
running de0ie and then installing a new part!
-assi&e mode - wor9ing /ode of D+4 $-4! -n interfae in the passi0e /ode annot initiate
the diso0ery and re/ote loop.a9!
-atc$ -n independent software unit used for fi;ing the .ugs in software!
-ea* burst siAe 3)B%4 - para/eter that defines the apaity of to9en .u9et P" that is" the /a;i/u/ .urst
IP pa9et si8e when the infor/ation is transferred at the pea9 infor/ation rate!
-ea* cell rate 3)C24 The /a;i/u/ rate at whih an -T4 onnetion an aept ells!
-eer =<P spea9ers that e;hange infor/ation with eah other!
-er.$o- be$a&ior 3)>B4 IDT+ ,iff-&er0 wor9group defines forwarding .eha0iors of networ9 nodes as per-
hop .eha0iors (PH=)" suh as" traffi sheduling and poliing! - de0ie in the
networ9 should selet the proper PH= .eha0iors" .ased on the 0alue of ,&CP! -t
present" the IDT+ defines four types of PH=! They are lass seletor (C&)"
e;pedited forwarding (D+)" assured forwarding (-+)" and .est-effort (=D)!
-erformace alarm -n alar/ generated when the atual result of a /easure/ent entity e6uals the
predefined logial e;pression for threshold or e;eeds the predefined threshold!
-erformace
-arameters
The perfor/ane para/eters identify so/e inde;es to sale the general
perfor/ane of the syste/! The inde;es inlude the nu/.er of /anaged nodes"
nu/.er of supported lients and log data.ase apaity! The para/eters are sorted
into stati para/eters" dyna/i para/eters and networ9ing .andwidth para/eters!
-erformace register The /e/ory spae for perfor/ane e0ent ounts" inluding 1(-/in urrent
perfor/ane register" 2@-hour urrent perfor/ane register" 1(-/in historial
perfor/ane register" 2@-hour historial perfor/ane register" 5-T register and
C&D& register! The o.:et of perfor/ane e0ent /onitoring is the .oard funtional
/odule" so e0ery .oard funtional /odule has a perfor/ane register! -
perfor/ane register is used to ount the perfor/ane e0ents ta9ing plae within a
period of operation ti/e" so as to e0aluate the 6uality of operation fro/ the angle
of statistis!
-erformace t$res$old - li/it for generating an alar/ for a seleted entity! Chen the /easure/ent result
reahes or e;eeds the preset alar/ threshold" the perfor/ane /anage/ent
syste/ generates a perfor/ane alar/!
-ermaet &irtual -at$
3)')4
1irtual path that onsists of P1Cs!
-$ase The relati0e position in ti/e within a single period of a signal!
-$ase.loc*ed loo-
3)!!4
- iruit that onsists essentially of a phase detetor that o/pares the fre6ueny
of a 0oltage-ontrolled osillator with that of an ino/ing arrier signal or
referene-fre6ueny generator! The output of the phase detetor" after passing
through a loop filter" is fed .a9 to the 0oltage-ontrolled osillator to 9eep it
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e;atly in phase with the ino/ing or referene fre6ueny!
-$/sical la/er #ayer 1 in the $pen &yste/ Interonnetion ($&I) arhitetureI the layer that
pro0ides ser0ies to trans/it .its or groups of .its o0er a trans/ission lin9
.etween open syste/s and whih entails eletrial" /ehanial and handsha9ing!
-$/sical li* The lin9 .etween two physial networ9 ele/ents ('Ds)! Chen the user reates
'Ds or refreshes the de0ie status" the syste/ auto/atially reates the physial
lin9 aording to the topology struture infor/ation on the de0ie! The re/ar9
infor/ation of a physial lin9 an .e /odified" .ut the physial lin9 annot .e
deleted!
-ig - /ethod used to test whether a de0ie in the IP networ9 is reaha.le aording to
the sent IC4P Dho /essages and reei0ed response /essages!
-ig test - test that is perfor/ed to send a data pa9et to the target IP address (a uni6ue IP
address on the de0ie on the networ9) to he9 whether the target host e;ists
aording to the data pa9et of the sa/e si8e returned fro/ the target host!
-lesioc$roous digital
$ierarc$/ 3),>4
- /ultiple;ing she/e of .it stuffing and .yte interlea0ing! It /ultiple;es the
/ini/u/ rate B@ 9it)s into rates of 2 4.it)s" 3@ 4.it)s" 1@0 4.it)s" and (B(
4.it)s!
-oit.to.-oit ser&ice
3)2)4
- ser0ie .etween two ter/inal users! In P2P ser0ies" senders and reipients are
ter/inal users!
-oiter -n indiator whose 0alue defines the fra/e offset of a 0irtual ontainer with
respet to the fra/e referene of the transport entity on whih this pointer is
supported!
-olariAatio - 9ind of eletro/agneti wa0e" the diretion of whose eletri field 0etor is
fi;ed or rotates regularly! &peifially" if the eletri field 0etor of the
eletro/agneti wa0e is perpendiular to the plane of hori8on" this eletro/agneti
wa0e is alled 0ertially polari8ed wa0eI if the eletri field 0etor of the
eletro/agneti wa0e is parallel to the plane of hori8on" this eletro/agneti wa0e
is alled hori8ontal polari8ed wa0eI if the tip of the eletri field 0etor" at a fi;ed
point in spae" desri.es a irle" this eletro/agneti wa0e is alled irularly
polari8ed wa0e!
-olic/ - set of rules that are applied when the onditions for triggering an e0ent are /et!
-olic/ tem-late - te/plate that is used to define the alulation rules of a harging e0ent" for
e;a/ple" rating" de.iting and au/ulating! - poliy te/plate /ay ontain the
para/eters to .e instantiated! They an .e used when the attri.utes of the ondition
:udg/ent" alulation /ethod" and ation funtions are arried out!
-ollig - /ehanis/ for the '4& to 6uery the agent status and other data on a regular
.asis!
-ort default '!AN 1,
3)'1,4
- default 1#-' I, of a port! It is alloated to a data fra/e if the data fra/e
arries no 1#-' tag when reahing the port!
-ort -riorit/ The priority that is used when a port attahes tags to #ayer 2 pa9ets! Pa9ets
reei0ed on ports with higher priorities are forwarded preferentially!
-ower adCustmet - /ethod for dyna/ially and properly assigning power aording to the real-ti/e
status of a wireless networ9! Chen an -P runs under an -C for the first ti/e" the
-P uses its /a;i/u/ trans/it power! Chen getting reports fro/ its neigh.ors
(that is" other -Ps that are deteted .y the -P and /anaged .y the sa/e -C)" the
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-P deter/ines to inrease or derease its power aording to the report onlusion!
-ower box - diret urrent power distri.ution .o; at the upper part of a a.inet" whih
supplies power for the su.ra9s in the a.inet!
-ower cotrol - proess in whih the 4& or =& uses ertain rules to ad:ust and ontrol the
trans/it power aording to the hange in the hannel ondition and the power of
the reei0ed signal!
-ower distributio uit
3),#4
- unit that perfor/s -C or ,C power distri.ution!
-ower module The /odule that on0erts the e;ternal power input into the power supply for
internal use! Power /odules are lassified into -C power /odules and ,C power
/odules!
-ower off -n operation that swithes off de0ies during upgrade or e;pansion!
-ower o To start up a o/puterI to .egin a old .oot proedureI to turn on the power
-ower s-ectrum desit/
3)%,4
The power layout of rando/ signals in the fre6ueny do/ain!
-rited circuit board
3)CB4
- .oard used to /ehanially support and eletrially onnet eletroni
o/ponents using onduti0e pathways" tra9s" or traes" ethed fro/ opper
sheets la/inated onto a non-onduti0e su.strate!
-riorit/ ?ueuig 3)+4 - 6ueue sheduling algorith/ .ased on the a.solute priority! -ording to the PE
algorith/" ser0ies of higher priorities are ensured with greater .andwidth" lower
lateny" and less :itter! Pa9ets of lower priorities /ust wait to .e sent till all
pa9ets of higher priorities are sent! In this /anner" ser0ies of higher priorities are
proessed earlier than others!
-ri&ate lie - line" suh as a su.sri.er a.le and trun9 a.le" whih are leased .y the
teleo//uniation arrier and are used to /eet the speial user re6uire/ents!
-rotectio -at$ - path in a protetion group that transports ser0ies when a fault ours on the
wor9ing path!
-ro&ider edge 3)E4 - de0ie that is loated in the .a9.one networ9 of the 4P#& 1P' struture! - PD
is responsi.le for /anaging 1P' users" esta.lishing #&Ps .etween PDs" and
e;hanging routing infor/ation .etween sites of the sa/e 1P'! - PD perfor/s the
/apping and forwarding of pa9ets .etween the pri0ate networ9 and the pu.li
hannel! - PD an .e a 5PD" an &PD" or an 'PD!
-seudo radom biar/
se?uece 3)2B%4
- se6uene that is rando/ in the sense that the 0alue of eah ele/ent is
independent of the 0alues of any of the other ele/ents" si/ilar to a real rando/
se6uene!
-seudo wire 3)"4 -n e/ulated onnetion .etween two PDs for trans/itting fra/es! The PC is
esta.lished and /aintained .y PDs through signaling protools! The status
infor/ation of a PC is /aintained .y the two end PDs of a PC!
-seudo wire emulatio
edge.to.edge 3)"E(4
-n end-to-end #ayer 2 trans/ission tehnology! It e/ulates the essential attri.utes
of a teleo//uniation ser0ie suh as -T4" +2 or Dthernet in a pa9et swithed
networ9 (P&')! PCD3 also e/ulates the essential attri.utes of low speed ti/e
di0ision /ultiple;ing (T,4) iruit and &$'DT)&,H! The si/ulation
appro;i/ates to the real situation!
-ublic switc$ed - teleo//uniations networ9 esta.lished to perfor/ telephone ser0ies for the
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tele-$oe etwor*
3)%TN4
pu.li su.sri.ers! &o/eti/es it is alled P$T&!
-ulse - 0ariation a.o0e or .elow a nor/al le0el and a gi0en duration in eletrial energy!
-ulse code modulatio
3)CM4
- /ethod of enoding infor/ation in a signal .y hanging the a/plitude of pulses!
5nli9e pulse a/plitude /odulation (P-4)" in whih pulse a/plitude an hange
ontinuously" pulse ode /odulation li/its pulse a/plitudes to se0eral predefined
0alues! =eause the signal is disrete" or digital" rather than analog" pulse ode
/odulation is /ore i//une to noise than P-4!
+
+A E adaptation
+AM &ee 6uadrature a/plitude /odulation!
+)%K &ee 6uadrature phase shift 9eying!
+i+ - layer 2 tunnel protool .ased on IDDD *02!1E enapsulation! It add a pu.li
1#-' tag to a fra/e with a pri0ate 1#-' tag to allow the fra/e with dou.le
1#-' tags to .e trans/itted o0er the ser0ie pro0iderJs .a9.one networ9 .ased
on the pu.li 1#-' tag! This pro0ides a layer 2 1P' tunnel for usto/ers and
ena.les transparent trans/ission of pa9ets o0er pri0ate 1#-'s!
+o% &ee 6uality of ser0ie!
?uadrature am-litude
modulatio 3+AM4
=oth an analog and a digital /odulation she/e! It on0eys two analog /essage
signals" or two digital .it strea/s" .y hanging (/odulating) the a/plitudes of two
arrier wa0es" using the a/plitude-shift 9eying (-&G) digital /odulation she/e
or a/plitude /odulation (-4) analog /odulation she/e! These two wa0es"
usually sinusoids" are out of phase with eah other .y A0c and are thus alled
6uadrature arriers or 6uadrature o/ponents Y hene the na/e of the she/e!
?uadrature -$ase s$ift
*e/ig 3+)%K4
- /odulation /ethod of data trans/ission through the on0ersion or /odulation
and the phase deter/ination of the referene signals (arrier)! It is also alled the
fourth period or @-phase P&G or @-P&G! EP&G uses four dots in the star diagra/!
The four dots are e0enly distri.uted on a irle! $n these phases" eah EP&G
harater an perfor/ two-.it oding and display the odes in <ray ode on graph
with the /ini/u/ =D2!
?ualit/ of ser&ice 3+o%4 - o//only-used perfor/ane indiator of a teleo//uniation syste/ or
hannel! ,epending on the speifi syste/ and ser0ie" it /ay relate to :itter" delay"
pa9et loss ratio" .it error ratio" and signal-to-noise ratio! It funtions to /easure
the 6uality of the trans/ission syste/ and the effeti0eness of the ser0ies" as well
as the apa.ility of a ser0ie pro0ider to /eet the de/ands of users!
2
2A,1#% &ee 2e/ote -uthentiation ,ial In 5ser &er0ie!
2A1 re/ote alar/ indiation
2,1 re/ote defet indiation
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2E, &ee rando/ early detetion!
2E9 &ee regenerator!
2E1 re/ote error indiation
2F &ee radio fre6ueny!
21) &ee 2outing Infor/ation Protool!
2ME) re/ote /aintenane assoiation end point
2NC &ee radio networ9 ontroller!
2O)A &ee re/ote optial pu/ping a/plifier!
2) rende80ous point
2)2 resilient pa9et ring
2%2(2 &ee 2eferene &tandard 232!
2%722 The speifiation that defines the eletrial harateristis of .alaned 0oltage
digital interfae iruits! The interfae an hange to 2&232 0ia the hardware
:u/per and others are the sa/e as 2&232!
2%! &ee reei0ed signal le0el!
2%O> regenerator setion o0erhead
2%%1 &ee reei0ed signal strength indiator!
2%T regenerator setion ter/ination
2%T) &ee 2apid &panning Tree Protool!
2TN radio trans/ission node
2T) &ee 2eal-Ti/e Transport Protool!
2a-id %-aig Tree
)rotocol 32%T)4
-n e0olution of the &panning Tree Protool (&TP) that pro0ides faster spanning
tree on0ergene after a topology hange! The 2&TP protool is .a9ward
o/pati.le with the &TP protool!
2eal.Time Tras-ort
)rotocol 32T)4
- protool defined .y the IDT+ for trans/itting audio and 0ideo strea/s! 2TP is
.ased on 5,P! In the 2TP header" a ti/e sta/p is defined to ensure that audio and
0ideo data an .e trans/itted and synhroni8ed in real ti/e! H!323 is .ased on
2TP!
2eferece %tadard 2(2
32%2(24
- standard that defines the eletrial harateristis" ti/ing" and /eaning of
signals" and the physial si8e and pinout of onnetors!
2emote Aut$eticatio
,ial 1 #ser %er&ice
32A,1#%4
- seurity ser0ie that authentiates and authori8es dial-up users and is a
entrali8ed aess ontrol /ehanis/! 2-,I5& uses the 5ser ,atagra/ Protool
(5,P) as its trans/ission protool to ensure real-ti/e 6uality! 2-,I5& also
supports the retrans/ission and /ulti-ser0er /ehanis/s to ensure good
relia.ility!
2o>% restrition of the use of ertain ha8ardous su.stanes
2outig 1formatio
)rotocol 321)4
- si/ple routing protool that is part of the TCP)IP protool suite! It deter/ines a
route .ased on the s/allest hop ount .etween the soure and destination! 2IP is a
distane 0etor protool that routinely .roadasts routing infor/ation to its
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neigh.oring routers and is 9nown to waste .andwidth!
radio fre?uec/ 32F4 - type of eletri urrent in the wireless networ9 using -C antennas to reate an
eletro/agneti field! It is the a..re0iation of high-fre6ueny -C eletro/agneti
wa0e! The -C with the fre6ueny lower than 1 9H8 is alled low-fre6ueny
urrent! The -C with fre6ueny higher than 10 9H8 is alled high-fre6ueny
urrent! 2+ an .e lassified into suh high-fre6ueny urrent!
radio etwor*
cotroller 32NC4
- de0ie in a radio networ9 su.syste/ that is in harge of ontrolling the usage
and integrity of radio resoures!
radio -ro-agatio
model
-n e/pirial /athe/atial for/ulation for the harateri8ation of radio wa0e
propagation as a funtion of fre6ueny" distane and other onditions! - single
/odel is usually de0eloped to predit the .eha0ior of propagation for all si/ilar
lin9s under si/ilar onstraints!
radom earl/ detectio
32E,4
- pa9et loss algorith/ used in ongestion a0oidane! It disards the pa9et
aording to the speified higher li/it and lower li/it of a 6ueue so that glo.al
TCP synhroni8ation resulting fro/ traditional tail drop an .e pre0ented!
rate limitig - traffi /anage/ent tehnology used to li/it the total rate of pa9et sending on a
physial interfae or a Tunnel interfae! 2ate li/iting is diretly ena.led on the
interfae to ontrol the traffi passing the interfae!
real.time &ariable bit
rate 3rt.'B24
- para/eter intended for real-ti/e appliations" suh as o/pressed 0oie o0er IP
(1oIP) and 0ideo onferening! The rt-1=2 is harateri8ed .y a pea9 ell rate
(PC2)" sustained ell rate (&C2)" and /a;i/u/ .urst si8e (4=&)! Oou an e;pet
the soure de0ie to trans/it in .ursts and at a rate that 0aries with ti/e!
reboot To start the syste/ again! Progra/s or data will .e reloaded to all .oards!
recei&ed sigal le&el
32%!4
The signal le0el at a reei0er input ter/inal!
recei&ed sigal stregt$
idicator 32%%14
The reei0ed wide .and power" inluding ther/al noise and noise generated in the
reei0er" within the .andwidth defined .y the reei0er pulse shaping filter" for
T,, within a speified ti/eslot! The referene point for the /easure/ent shall .e
the antenna
recei&er sesiti&it/ The /ini/u/ aepta.le 0alue of /ean reei0ed power at point 2n (a referene
point at an input to a reei0er optial onnetor) to ahie0e a 1;10-12 =D2 when
the +DC is ena.led!
recogitio Consu/er awareness of ha0ing seen or heard an ad0ertising /essage!
referece cloc* - sta.le and high-preision autono/ous lo9 that pro0ides fre6uenies as a
referene for other lo9s!
reflectace The ratio of the refleted optial power to the inident optial power!
regeeratio The proess of reei0ing and reonstruting a digital signal so that the a/plitudes"
wa0efor/s and ti/ing of its signal ele/ents are onstrained within speified
li/its!
regeerator 32E94 - piee of e6uip/ent or de0ie that regenerates eletrial signals!
rela/ -n eletroni ontrol de0ie that has a ontrol syste/ and a syste/ to .e
ontrolled! The relay of the telepresene syste/ is used to ontrol the power of
telepresene e6uip/ent and is ontrolled .y the telepresene host!
Copyright Huawei
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remote o-tical -um-ig
am-lifier 32O)A4
- re/ote optial a/plifier su.syste/ designed for appliations where power
supply and /onitoring syste/s are una0aila.le! The 2$P- su.syste/ is a power
o/pensation solution to the ultra-long distane long hop (#HP) trans/ission!
reser&atio -n ation that the harging /odule perfor/s to free8e a su.sri.erJs .alane
a/ount" free resoures" redits" or 6uotas .efore the su.sri.er uses ser0ies! This
ation ensures that the su.sri.er has suffiient .alane to pay for ser0ies!
resistace The a.ility to i/pede (resist) the flow of eletri urrent! Cith the e;eption of
superondutors" all su.stanes ha0e a greater or lesser degree of resistane!
&u.stanes with 0ery low resistane" suh as /etals" ondut eletriity well and
are alled ondutors! &u.stanes with 0ery high resistane" suh as glass and
ru..er" ondut eletriity poorly and are alled nonondutors or insulators!
resource s$arig - physial resoure .elonging to two or /ore protetion su.networ9s!
res-ose - /essage that is returned to the re6uester to notify the re6uester of the status of
the re6uest pa9et!
robustess The a.ility of a syste/ to /aintain funtion e0en with hanges in internal struture
or e;ternal en0iron/ent!
rollbac* - return to a pre0ious ondition through anellation of a ertain operation!
root alarm -n alar/ diretly aused .y ano/aly e0ents or faults in the networ9! &o/e lower-
le0el alar/s always ao/pany a root alar/!
route The path that networ9 traffi ta9es fro/ its soure to its destination! 2outes an
hange dyna/ially!
router - de0ie on the networ9 layer that selets routes in the networ9! The router selets
the opti/al route aording to the destination address of the reei0ed pa9et
through a networ9 and forwards the pa9et to the ne;t router! The last router is
responsi.le for sending the pa9et to the destination host! Can .e used to onnet a
#-' to a #-'" a C-' to a C-'" or a #-' to the Internet!
routig The deter/ination of a path that a data unit (fra/e" pa9et" /essage) tra0erses
fro/ soure to destination!
routig -rotocol - for/ula used .y routers to deter/ine the appropriate path onto whih data
should .e forwarded!
rt.'B2 &ee real-ti/e 0aria.le .it rate!
%
%1 b/te - .yte to trans/it networ9 synhroni8ation status infor/ation! $n an &,H
networ9" eah 'D traes hop .y hop to the sa/e lo9 referene soure through a
speifi lo9 synhroni8ation path" reali8ing synhroni8ation on the entire
networ9! If a lo9 referene soure traed .y an 'D is /issing" this 'D will trae
another lo9 referene soure of a lower le0el! To i/ple/ent protetion swithing
of lo9s in the whole networ9" the 'D /ust learn a.out lo9 6uality infor/ation
of the lo9 referene soure it traes! Therefore" IT5-T defines &1 .yte to
trans/it networ9 synhroni8ation status infor/ation! It uses the lower four .its of
the /ultiple; setion o0erhead &1 .yte to indiate 1B types of synhroni8ation
6uality grades! -uto protetion swithing of lo9s in a synhronous networ9 an
.e i/ple/ented using &1 .yte and a proper swithing protool!
Copyright Huawei
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%AN storage area networ9
%ATo) &truture--gnosti Ti/e ,i0ision 4ultiple;ing o0er Pa9et
%C s6uare onnetor
%C2 sustaina.le ell rate
%, &ee signal degrade!
%, trigger flag - signal degrade trigger flag that deter/ines whether to perfor/ a swithing when
&, ours! The &, trigger flag an .e set .y using the networ9 /anage/ent
syste/!
%,.%,1 &ee standard definition-serial digital interfae signal!
%,> &ee synhronous digital hierarhy!
%,) serious distur.ane period
%,2AM &ee synhronous dyna/i rando/ aess /e/ory!
%E!' safety e;tra-low 0oltage
%EMF synhronous e6uip/ent /anage/ent funtion
%E% se0erely errored seond
%ET% &,H e6uip/ent ti/ing soure
%F &ee signal fail!
%F) s/all for/-fator plugga.le
%FT) &ee &eure +ile Transfer Protool!
%>,%! &ee single-pair high-speed digital su.sri.er line!
%M%2 side /ode suppression ratio
%NC su.networ9 onnetion
%NCM) su.networ9 onnetion /ultipath protetion
%NC) su.networ9 onnetion protetion
%NCT) su.networ9 onnetion tunnel protetion
%NM) &ee &i/ple 'etwor9 4anage/ent Protool!
%N2 &ee signal-to-noise ratio!
%O> setion o0erhead
%ONET &ee synhronous optial networ9!
%)E &ee superstratu/ pro0ider edge!
%%! &ee &eure &o9ets #ayer!
%%M &ee &ynhroni8ation &tatus 4essage!
%%MB synhroni8ation status /essage .yte
%%# synhroni8ation supply unit
Copyright Huawei
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%T, syste/ target deoder
%T) &panning Tree Protool
%'C swithed 0irtual onnetion
%ecure File Trasfer
)rotocol 3%FT)4
- networ9 protool designed to pro0ide seure file transfer o0er &&H!
%ecure %oc*ets !a/er
3%%!4
- seurity protool that wor9s at a so9et le0el! This layer e;ists .etween the TCP
layer and the appliation layer to enrypt)deode data and authentiate onerned
entities!
%im-le Networ*
Maagemet )rotocol
3%NM)4
- networ9 /anage/ent protool of TCP)IP! It ena.les re/ote users to 0iew and
/odify the /anage/ent infor/ation of a networ9 ele/ent! This protool ensures
the trans/ission of /anage/ent infor/ation .etween any two points! The polling
/ehanis/ is adopted to pro0ide .asi funtion sets! -ording to &'4P" agents"
whih an .e hardware as well as software" an /onitor the ati0ities of 0arious
de0ies on the networ9 and report these ati0ities to the networ9 onsole
wor9station! Control infor/ation a.out eah de0ie is /aintained .y a
/anage/ent infor/ation .lo9!
%/c$roiAatio %tatus
Message 3%%M4
- /essage that arries the 6uality le0els of ti/ing signals on a synhronous ti/ing
lin9! &&4 /essages pro0ide upstrea/ lo9 infor/ation to nodes on an &,H
networ9 or synhroni8ation networ9!
securit/ Protetion of a o/puter syste/ and its data fro/ har/ or loss! - /a:or fous of
o/puter seurity" espeially on syste/s aessed .y /any people or through
o//uniation lines" is pre0enting syste/ aess .y unauthori8ed indi0iduals!
securit/ ser&ice - ser0ie" pro0ided .y a layer of o//uniating open syste/s" whih ensures
ade6uate seurity of the syste/s or of data transfer!
self.$ealig - funtion of esta.lishing a replae/ent onnetion .y networ9 without the
networ9 /anage/ent onnetion funtion! Chen a onnetion failure ours" the
replae/ent onnetion is found .y the networ9 ele/ents and rerouted depending
on networ9 resoures a0aila.le at that ti/e!
serial -ort -n input)output loation (hannel) that sends and reei0es data to and fro/ a
o/puterJs CP5 or a o//uniations de0ie one .it at a ti/e! &erial ports are used
for serial data o//uniation and as interfaes with so/e peripheral de0ies" suh
as /ie and printers!
ser&ice flow -n 4-C-layer-.ased unidiretional trans/ission ser0ie! It is used to trans/it
data pa9ets" and is harateri8ed .y a set of Eo& para/eters" suh as lateny"
:itter" and throughput!
ser&ice le&el The le0el of ser0ie 6uality of an e0aluated party in a speified period" deter/ined
.y an e0aluating party!
ser&ice -rotectio - /easure that ensures that ser0ies an .e reei0ed at the reei0e end!
sessio - logial onnetion .etween two nodes on a networ9 for the e;hange of data! It
generally an apply to any lin9 .etween any two data de0ies! - session is also
used si/ply to desri.e the onnetion ti/e!
s$a-ig - proess of delaying pa9ets within a traffi strea/ to ause it to onfor/ to
speifi defined traffi profile!
sigal degrade 3%,4 - signal indiating that assoiated data has degraded in the sense that a degraded
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defet ondition is ati0e!
sigal fail 3%F4 - signal indiating that assoiated data has failed in the sense that a near-end
defet ondition (non-degrade defet) is ati0e!
sigal.to.oise ratio
3%N24
The ratio of the a/plitude of the desired signal to the a/plitude of noise signals at
a gi0en point in ti/e! &'2 is e;pressed as 10 ti/es the logarith/ of the power
ratio and is usually e;pressed in d=!
sigalig The infor/ation e;hange onerning the esta.lish/ent and ontrol of a
teleo//uniation iruit and the /anage/ent of the networ9!
sigle.eded switc$ig - protetion /ehanis/ that ta9es swithing ation only at the affeted end of the
proteted entity in the ase of a unidiretional failure!
sigle.-air $ig$.s-eed
3%>,%!4
- sy//etri digital su.sri.er line tehnology de0eloped fro/ H,&#" &,&#" and
H,&#2" whih is defined in IT5-T <!AA1!2! The &H,&# port is onneted to the
user ter/inal through the plain telephone su.sri.er line and uses trellis oded
pulse a/plitude /odulation (TC-P-4) tehnology to trans/it high-speed data and
pro0ide the .road.and aess ser0ie!
sigle.-olariAed
atea
-n antenna intended to radiate or reei0e radio wa0es with only one speified
polari8ation!
slicig ,i0iding data into the infor/ation units proper for trans/ission!
smoot$ u-grade Proess of upgrading the syste/ files without ser0ie interruption
s-a The physial reah .etween two piees of C,4 e6uip/ent!
stadard defiitio.
serial digital iterface
sigal 3%,.%,14
&tandard definition 0ideo signal transported .y serial digital interfae!
static A2) - protool that .inds so/e IP addresses to a speified gateway! The pa9et of these
IP addresses /ust .e forwarded through this gateway!
static route - route that annot adapt to the hange of networ9 topology! $perators /ust
onfigure it /anually! Chen a networ9 topology is si/ple" the networ9 an wor9
in the nor/al state if only the stati route is onfigured! It an i/pro0e networ9
perfor/ane and ensure .andwidth for i/portant appliations! Its disad0antage is
as follows7 Chen a networ9 is faulty or the topology hanges" the stati route does
not hange auto/atially! It /ust .e hanged .y the operators!
statistical multi-lexig - /ultiple;ing tehni6ue where.y infor/ation fro/ /ultiple logial hannels an
.e trans/itted aross a single physial hannel! It dyna/ially alloates .andwidth
only to ati0e input hannels" to /a9e .etter use of a0aila.le .andwidth and allow
/ore de0ies to .e onneted than with other /ultiple;ing tehni6ues!
steerig - protetion swithing /ode defined in IT5-T <!*132" whih is applia.le to
pa9et-.ased T-4P#& ring networ9s and si/ilar to &,H transoeani /ultiple;
setion protetion (4&P)! In this /ode" the swithing is triggered .y the soure
and sin9 nodes of a ser0ie!
stress The fore" or o/.ination of fores" whih produes a strainI fore e;erted in any
diretion or /anner .etween ontiguous .odies" or parts of .odies" and ta9ing
speifi na/es aording to its diretion" or /ode of ation" as thrust or pressure"
pull or tension" shear or tangential stress!
subet - type of s/aller networ9s that for/ a larger networ9 aording to a rule" for
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e;a/ple" aording to different distrits! This failitates the /anage/ent of the
large networ9!
subet mas* The tehni6ue used .y the IP protool to deter/ine whih networ9 seg/ent
pa9ets are destined for! The su.net /as9 is a .inary pattern that is stored in the
de0ie and is /athed with the IP address!
su-erstratum -ro&ider
edge 3%)E4
Core de0ies that are loated within a 1P#& full-/eshed networ9! The 5PD
de0ies that are onneted with the &PD de0ies are si/ilar to the CD de0ies! The
PCs set up .etween the 5PD de0ies and the &PD de0ies ser0e as the -Cs of the
&PD de0ies! The &PD de0ies /ust learn the 4-C addresses of all the sites on
5PD side and those of the 5PD interfaes that are onneted with the &PD! &PD is
so/eti/es alled 'PD!
switc$ig ca-acit/ The .a9plane .andwidth or swithing .andwidth! The swithing apaity is the
/a;i/u/ data that an .e proessed .y the interfae proessor of a swith and the
data .us! The .a9plane .andwidth indiates the o0erall data swithing apa.ility
of a swith" in <.it)s!
switc$ig -riorit/ - priority assigned to .oards that share protetion! If /ultiple .oards that are
sharing protetion fail" the ser0ies of the .oard with the highest priority are
swithed to the protetion .oard! If two or /ore .oards ha0e the sa/e priority" the
ser0ies of whihe0er .oard fails first are swithed!
s/c$roous digital
$ierarc$/ 3%,>4
- trans/ission she/e that follows IT5-T <!303" <!30*" and <!30A! &,H defines
the trans/ission features of digital signals" suh as fra/e struture" /ultiple;ing
/ode" trans/ission rate le0el" and interfae ode! &,H is an i/portant part of
I&,' and =-I&,'!
s/c$roous d/amic
radom access memor/
3%,2AM4
- new type of ,2-4 that an run at /uh higher lo9 speeds than on0entional
/e/ory! &,2-4 atually synhroni8es itself with the CP5Js .us and is apa.le of
running at 100 4H8" a.out three ti/es faster than on0entional +P4 2-4" and
a.out twie as fast as D,$ ,2-4 or =D,$ ,2-4! &,2-4 is replaing D,$
,2-4 in o/puters!
s/c$roous o-tical
etwor* 3%ONET4
- high-speed networ9 that pro0ides a standard interfae for o//uniations
arriers to onnet networ9s .ased on fi.er optial a.le! &$'DT is designed to
handle /ultiple data types (0oie" 0ideo" and so on)! It trans/its at a .ase rate of
(1!*@ 4.it)s" .ut /ultiples of this .ase rate go as high as 2!@** <.it)s!
T
TC1 tag ontrol infor/ation
TCM tande/ onnetion /onitor
TCN topology hange notifiation
TC) &ee Trans/ission Control Protool!
TC)01) Trans/ission Control Protool)Internet Protool
T,C tuna.le dispersion o/pensator
T,M &ee ti/e di0ision /ultiple;ing!
TE ter/inal e6uip/ent
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TFT) &ee Tri0ial +ile Transfer Protool!
T1M trae identifier /is/ath
T!' &ee type-length-0alue!
TM &ee ter/inal /ultiple;er!
TMN &ee teleo//uniations /anage/ent networ9!
TO, ti/e of day
T)1, tag protool identifier
T)% &ee tri.utary protetion swithing!
T)% -rotectio The e6uip/ent le0el protetion that uses one stand.y tri.utary .oard to protet '
tri.utary .oards! Chen a fault ours on the wor9ing .oard" the &CC issues the
swithing o//and" and the payload of the wor9ing .oard an .e auto/atially
swithed o0er to the speified protetion .oard and the protetion .oard ta9es o0er
as the wor9ing .oard! -fter the fault is retified" the ser0ie is auto/atially
swithed to the original .oard!
T%, trail signal degrade
TT1 trail trae identifier
TT! &ee ti/e to li0e!
TT%1 &ee trail ter/ination soure identifier!
T# tri.utary unit
T#.!O) tri.utary unit loss of pointer
T#9 tri.utary unit group
Tc o//itted rate /easure/ent inter0al
Telet - standard ter/inal e/ulation protool in the TCP)IP protool sta9! Telnet allows
users to log in to re/ote syste/s and use resoures as if they were onneted to a
loal syste/! Telnet is defined in 2+C *(@!
Trasmissio Cotrol
)rotocol 3TC)4
The protool within TCP)IP that go0erns the .rea9up of data /essages into pa9ets
to .e sent using Internet Protool (IP)" and the reasse/.ly and 0erifiation of the
o/plete /essages fro/ pa9ets reei0ed .y IP! - onnetion-oriented" relia.le
protool (relia.le in the sense of ensuring error-free deli0ery)" TCP orresponds to
the transport layer in the I&$)$&I referene /odel!
Tri&ial File Trasfer
)rotocol 3TFT)4
- s/all and si/ple alternati0e to +TP for transferring files! T+TP is intended for
appliations that do not need o/ple; interations .etween the lient and ser0er!
T+TP restrits operations to si/ple file transfers and does not pro0ide
authentiation!
tail dro- - ongestion /anage/ent /ehanis/" in whih pa9ets arri0e later are disarded
when the 6ueue is full! This poliy of disarding pa9ets /ay result in networ9-
wide synhroni8ation due to the TCP slow startup /ehanis/!
taget rig - onept .orrowed fro/ geo/etry! Two tangent rings ha0e a o//on node
.etween the/! The o//on node often leads to single-point failures!
telecommuicatios - protool /odel defined .y IT5-T for /anaging open syste/s in a
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maagemet etwor*
3TMN4
o//uniations networ9! T4' /anages the planning" pro0isioning" installation"
and $-4 of e6uip/ent" networ9s" and ser0ies!
termial multi-lexer
3TM4
- de0ie used at a networ9 ter/inal either to /ultiple; /ultiple hannels of low
rate signals into one hannel of high rate signals" or to de/ultiple; one hannel of
high rate signals into /ultiple hannels of low rate signals!
t$res$old - li/itation on an a/ount" sale" or le0el! Changes will our when a threshold is
reahed!
t$res$old alarm The alar/ ours when the /onitored 0alue e;eeds the threshold!
t$roug$-ut The /a;i/u/ trans/ission rate of the tested o.:et (syste/" e6uip/ent"
onnetion" ser0ie type) when no pa9et is disarded! Throughput an .e
/easured with .andwidth!
t$roug$-ut ca-abilit/ The data input)output apa.ility of the data trans/ission interfae!
time di&isio
multi-lexig 3T,M4
- /ultiple;ing tehnology! T,4 di0ides the sa/pling yle of a hannel into ti/e
slots (T&n" nK0" 1" 2" 3d)" and the sa/pling 0alue odes of /ultiple signals
engross ti/e slots in a ertain order" for/ing /ultiple /ultiple;ing digital signals
to .e trans/itted o0er one hannel!
time to li&e 3TT!4 - speified period of ti/e for .est-effort deli0ery syste/s to pre0ent pa9ets fro/
looping endlessly!
timer &y/.oli representation for a ti/er o.:et (for e;a/ple" a ti/er o.:et /ay ha0e a
pri/iti0e designated as T-&tart 2e6uest)! 1arious 4-C entities utili8e ti/er
entities that pro0ide triggers for ertain 4-C state transitions!
timestam- The urrent ti/e of an e0ent that is reorded .y a o/puter! =y using /ehanis/s
suh as the 'etwor9 Ti/e Protool ('TP)" a o/puter /aintains aurate urrent
ti/e" ali.rated to /inute frations of a seond!
to*e buc*et algorit$m The to9en .u9et is a ontainer for to9ens! The apaity of a to9en .u9et is
li/ited" and the nu/.er of to9ens deter/ines the traffi rate of per/itted pa9ets!
The to9en .u9et polies the traffi! 5sers plae the to9ens into the .u9et
regularly aording to the preset rate! If the to9ens in the .u9et e;eed the
apaity" no to9ens an .e put in! Pa9ets an .e forwarded when the .u9et has
to9ens" otherwise they annot .e transferred till there are new to9ens in the .u9et!
This she/e ad:usts the rate of pa9et input!
to-olog/ The onfiguration or layout of a networ9 for/ed .y the onnetions .etween
de0ies on a loal area networ9 (#-') or .etween two or /ore #-'s!
to-olog/ disco&er/ - tehni6ue to aurately deter/ine the e;at layout of a networ9 using a few
assu/ptions a.out the networ9 arhiteture and si/ple tools!
trTCM &ee two rate three olor /ar9er!
traceroute - progra/ that prints the path to a destination! Traeroute sends a se6uene of
datagra/s with the ti/e-to-li0e (TT#) set to 1"2" and so on" and uses IC4P ti/e
e;eeded /essages that return to deter/ine routers along the path!
traffic The produt of the nu/.er of alls /ade and reei0ed and the a0erage duration of
eah all in a /easure/ent period!
traffic classificatio - funtion that ena.les you to lassify traffi into different lasses with different
priorities aording to so/e riteria! Dah lass of traffi has a speified Eo& in the
entire networ9! In this way" different traffi pa9ets an .e treated differently!
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traffic -olic/ - full set of Eo& poliies for/ed .y assoiation of traffi lassifiation and Eo&
ations!
traffic s$a-ig - way of ontrolling the networ9 traffi fro/ a o/puter to opti/i8e or guarantee
the perfor/ane and /ini/i8e the delay! It ati0ely ad:usts the output speed of
traffi in the senario that the traffi /athes networ9 resoures pro0ided .y the
lower layer de0ies" a0oiding pa9et loss and ongestion!
traffic statistics -n ati0ity of /easuring and olleting statistis of 0arious data on de0ies and
teleo//uniations networ9s! Cith the statistis" operators an .e aware of the
operating status" signaling" users" syste/ resoure usage of the de0ies or
networ9s! The statistis also help the operators /anage the de0ie operating" loate
pro.le/s" /onitor and /aintain the networ9s" and plan the networ9s!
trail maagemet
fuctio
- networ9 le0el /anage/ent funtion of the networ9 /anage/ent syste/! This
funtion ena.les you to onfigure end-to-end ser0ies" 0iew graphi interfae and
0isual routes of a trail" 6uery detailed infor/ation of a trail" filter" searh and loate
a trail 6ui9ly" /anage and /aintain trails in a entrali8ed /anner" /anage alar/s
and perfor/ane data .y trail" and print a trail report!
trail termiatio source
idetifier 3TT%14
- TT&I uni6uely identifies an #&P in the networ9! - TT&I is arried in the
onneti0ity 0erifiation (C1) pa9et for he9ing the onneti0ity of a trail! If it
/athes the TT&I reei0ed .y the sin9 point" the trail has no onneti0ity defet!
trasactio =usiness .etween the usto/er and arrier" suh as pay/ent" and aount
ad:ust/ent!
trasfer - proess of transferring the aount .alane of an aount to another aount!
trasit - pa9et is trans/itted along an #&P onsisting of a series of #&2s after the pa9et
is la.eled! The inter/ediate nodes are na/ed transits!
trasit ode -ll the nodes e;ept the /aster node on an 22PP ring!
trasmissio dela/ The period fro/ the ti/e when a site starts to trans/it a data fra/e to the ti/e
when the site finishes the data fra/e trans/ission! It onsists of the trans/ission
lateny and the e6uip/ent forwarding lateny!
trasmit -ower cotrol - tehnial /ehanis/ used within so/e networ9ing de0ies in order to pre0ent
too /uh unwanted interferene .etween different wireless networ9s!
tras-aret
trasmissio
- proess during whih the signaling protool or data is not proessed in the
ontent .ut enapsulated in the for/at for the proessing of the ne;t phase!
tra/ - o/ponent that an .e installed in a a.inet for holding hassis or other
o/ponents!
tributar/ loo-bac* - fault an .e loated for eah ser0ie path .y perfor/ing loop.a9 to eah path of
the tri.utary .oard! There are three 9inds of loop.a9 /odes7 no loop.a9"
outloop" and inloop!
tributar/ -rotectio
switc$ig 3T)%4
- funtion that uses a stand.y tri.utary proessing .oard to protet ' tri.utary
proessing .oards!
tru* Physial o//uniations line .etween two offies! It transports /edia signals suh
as speeh" data and 0ideo signals!
tru* li* - lin9 used to transport 1#-' o//uniation .etween two swithes!
tru* -ort - swith port used to onnet to other swithes! The trun9 port an onnet to only
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the trun9 lin9! $nly 1#-'s allowed to pass through a trun9 port an .e onfigured
on the trun9 port!
tuel - hannel on the pa9et swithing networ9 that trans/its ser0ie traffi .etween
PDs! In 1P'" a tunnel is an infor/ation trans/ission hannel .etween two entities!
The tunnel ensures seure and transparent trans/ission of 1P' infor/ation! In
/ost ases" a tunnel is an 4P#& tunnel!
tuel 1, - group of infor/ation" inluding the to9en" slot nu/.er of an outgoing interfae"
tunnel type" and loation /ethod!
twisted -air cable - type of a.le that onsists of two independently insulated wires twisted around
one another for the purposes of aneling out eletro/agneti interferene whih
an ause rosstal9! The nu/.er of twists per /eter /a9es up part of the
speifiations for a gi0en type of a.le! The greater the nu/.er of twists is" the
/ore rosstal9 is redued!
two rate t$ree color
mar*er 3trTCM4
-n algorith/ that /eters an IP pa9et strea/ and /ar9s its pa9ets .ased on two
rates" Pea9 Infor/ation 2ate (PI2) and Co//itted Infor/ation 2ate (CI2)" and
their assoiated .urst si8es to .e either green" yellow" or red! - pa9et is /ar9ed
red if it e;eeds the PI2! $therwise it is /ar9ed either yellow or green depending
on whether it e;eeds or does not e;eed the CI2!
t/-e.legt$.&alue 3T!'4 -n enoding type that features high effiieny and e;pansi.ility! It is also alled
Code-#ength-1alue (C#1)! T indiates that different types an .e defined through
different 0alues! # indiates the total length of the 0alue field! 1 indiates the
atual data of the T#1 and is /ost i/portant! T#1 enoding features high
e;pansi.ility! 'ew T#1s an .e added to support new features" whih is fle;i.le in
desri.ing infor/ation loaded in pa9ets!
#
#A2T uni0ersal asynhronous reei0er)trans/itter
#A% una0aila.le seond
#AT &ee una0aila.le ti/e e0ent!
#B2 unspeified .it rate
#B2E 5nspeified =it 2ate Plus
#,) &ee 5ser ,atagra/ Protool!
#N1 &ee user-to-networ9 interfae!
#)C &ee usage para/eter ontrol!
#)E user-end pro0ider edge
#)1 user payload identifier
#)M uninterrupti.le power /odule
#)% uninterrupti.le power supply
#ser ,atagram )rotocol
3#,)4
- TCP)IP standard protool that allows an appliation progra/ on one de0ie to
send a datagra/ to an appliation progra/ on another! 5,P uses IP to deli0er
datagra/s! 5,P pro0ides appliation progra/s with the unrelia.le onnetionless
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pa9et deli0ery ser0ie! That is" 5,P /essages /ay .e lost" dupliated" delayed"
or deli0ered out of order! The destination de0ie does not ati0ely onfir/ whether
the orret data pa9et is reei0ed!
ua&ailable time e&et
3#AT4
-n e0ent that is reported when the /onitored o.:et generates 10 onseuti0e
se0erely errored seonds!
uicast The proess of sending data fro/ a soure to a single reipient!
u*ow multicast
-ac*et
- pa9et for whih no forwarding entry is found in the /ultiast forwarding ta.le!
u-li* - trans/ission hannel through whih radio signals or other signals are trans/itted
to the entral offie!
u-li* tuel <TP Tunnel fro/ the 4o.ile 'ode to the &<&'!
u--er limit - /a;i/u/ onsu/ption a/ount that a arrier sets for a su.sri.er in a .ill yle!
If the onsu/ption a/ount if a su.sri.er e;eeds the /a;i/u/ onsu/ption
a/ount" the $C& syste/ deduts only the /a;i/u/ onsu/ption a/ount fro/ the
aount of the su.sri.er!
u-stream In an aess networ9" the diretion that is far fro/ the su.sri.er end of the lin9!
u-stream board - .oard that pro0ides the upstrea/ trans/ission funtion! Through an upstrea/
.oard" ser0ies an .e trans/itted upstrea/ to the upper-layer de0ie!
usage -arameter cotrol
3#)C4
,uring o//uniations" 5PC is i/ple/ented to /onitor the atual traffi on eah
0irtual iruit that is input to the networ9! $ne the speified para/eter is
e;eeded" /easures will .e ta9en to ontrol! 'PC is si/ilar to 5PC in funtion!
The differene is that the ino/ing traffi /onitoring funtion is di0ided into 5PC
and 'PC aording to their positions! 5PC loates at the user)networ9 interfae"
while 'PC at the networ9 interfae!
user.to.etwor*
iterface 3#N14
The interfae .etween user e6uip/ent and pri0ate or pu.li networ9 e6uip/ent
(for e;a/ple" -T4 swithes)!
'
'.NN1 0irtual networ9-networ9 interfae
'.#N1 &ee 0irtual user-networ9 interfae!
'.27 The physial layer interfae speifiation .etween ,TD and ,CD defined .y the
IT5-T! It o/plies with DI-)TI--232!
'A% &ee 0alue-added ser0ie!
'B 0irtual .ridge
'B2 &ee 0aria.le .it rate!
'C tru* &ee 0irtual ontainer trun9!
'CC &ee 0irtual hannel onnetion!
'CC' 0irtual iruit onneti0ity 0erifiation
'C9 &ee 0irtual onatenation group!
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'C1 0irtual hannel identifier
'CT2#NK - 0irtual onatenation group applied in data ser0ie /apping" also alled the
internal port of a data ser0ie proessing .oard!
'1) 0ery i/portant person
'!AN 0irtual loal area networ9
'!AN ma--ig - tehnology that ena.les user pa9ets to .e trans/itted o0er the pu.li networ9
.y translating pri0ate 1#-' tags into pu.li 1#-' tags! Chen user pa9ets
arri0e at the destination pri0ate networ9" 1#-' /apping translates pu.li 1#-'
tags .a9 into pri0ate 1#-' tags! In this /anner" user pa9ets are orretly
trans/itted to the destination!
'!AN ma--ig table $ne of the properties of the 4&T region" whih desri.es /appings .etween
1#-'s and spanning tree instanes!
'!AN stac*ig - tehnology that adds a 1#-' tag to eah ino/ing pa9et! The 1#-' sta9ing
tehnology i/ple/ents transparent trans/ission of C-1#-'s in the I&P networ9
to reali8e the appliation of #ayer 2 1irtual Pri0ate 'etwor9 (1P')!
') &ee 0irtual path!
')1 &ee 0irtual path identifier!
')!% &ee 0irtual pri0ate #-' ser0ie!
')N 0irtual pri0ate networ9
'22) &ee 1irtual 2outer 2edundany Protool!
'%1 0irtual swith interfae
'irtual 2outer
2edudac/ )rotocol
3'22)4
- protool designed for /ultiast or .roadast #-'s suh as an Dthernet! - group
of routers (inluding an ati0e router and se0eral .a9up routers) in a #-' is
regarded as a 0irtual router" whih is alled a .a9up group! The 0irtual router has
its own IP address! The host in the networ9 o//uniates with other networ9s
through this 0irtual router! If the ati0e router in the .a9up group fails" one of the
.a9up routers in this .a9up group .eo/es ati0e and pro0ides routing ser0ie
for the host in the networ9!
&alue.added ser&ice
3'A%4
- ser0ie pro0ided .y arriers and ser0ie pro0iders (&Ps) together for su.sri.ers
.ased on 0oie" data" i/ages" &4& /essages" and so on! Co//uniation networ9
tehnologies" o/puter tehnologies" and Internet tehnologies are used to pro0ide
0alue-added ser0ies!
&ariable bit rate 3'B24 $ne of the traffi lasses used .y -T4 (-synhronous Transfer 4ode)! 5nli9e a
per/anent C=2 (Constant =it 2ate) hannel" a 1=2 data strea/ 0aries in
.andwidth and is .etter suited to non real ti/e transfers than to real-ti/e strea/s
suh as 0oie alls!
&irtual c$ael
coectio 3'CC4
- 1C logial trail that arries data .etween two end points in an -T4 networ9! -
point-to-/ultipoint 1CC is a set of -T4 0irtual onnetions .etween two or
/ultiple end points!
&irtual circuit - hannel or iruit esta.lished .etween two points on a data o//uniations
networ9 with pa9et swithing! 1irtual iruits an .e per/anent 0irtual iruits
(P1Cs) or swithed 0irtual iruits (&1Cs) !
&irtual cocateatio - group of o-loated /e/.er trail ter/ination funtions that are onneted to the
Copyright Huawei
130B
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grou- 3'C94 sa/e 0irtual onatenation lin9!
&irtual cotaier tru*
3'C tru*4
The logial path for/ed .y so/e asaded 1Cs!
&irtual fiber The fi.er that is reated .etween different de0ies! - 0irtual fi.er represents the
optial path that .ears &,H ser0ies in a C,4 syste/!
&irtual -at$ 3')4 - .undle of 0irtual hannels" all of whih are swithed transparently aross an
-T4 networ9 .ased on a o//on 1PI!
&irtual -at$ idetifier
3')14
The field in the -synhronous Transfer 4ode (-T4) ell header that identifies to
whih 0irtual path the ell .elongs!
&irtual -ri&ate !AN
ser&ice 3')!%4
- type of point-to-/ultipoint #21P' ser0ie pro0ided o0er the pu.li networ9!
1P#& ena.les geographially isolated user sites to o//uniate with eah other
through the 4-')C-' as if they are on the sa/e #-'!
&irtual user.etwor*
iterface 3'.#N14
- 0irtual user-networ9 interfae" wor9s as an ation point to perfor/ ser0ie
lassifiation and traffi ontrol in HEo&!
&oltage dro- The 0oltage de0eloped aross a o/ponent or ondutor .y the flow of urrent
through the resistane or i/pedane of that o/ponent or ondutor!
"
"C,MA &ee Cide.and Code ,i0ision 4ultiple -ess!
",M wa0elength di0ision /ultiple;ing
"F+ &ee weighted fair 6ueuing!
"!AN &ee wireless loal area networ9!
"2E, &ee weighted rando/ early detetion!
"22 weighted round ro.in
"T2 &ee wait to restore!
"eb !CT The loal /aintenane ter/inal of a transport networ9" whih is loated at the 'D
/anage/ent layer of the transport networ9!
"idebad Code
,i&isio Multi-le Access
3"C,MA4
- standard defined .y the IT5-T for the third-generation wireless tehnology
deri0ed fro/ the Code ,i0ision 4ultiple -ess (C,4-) tehnology!
wait to restore 3"T24 The nu/.er of /inutes to wait .efore ser0ies are swithed .a9 to the wor9ing
line!
wa&elegt$ The distane .etween suessi0e pea9s or troughs in a tra0eling wa0e" that is" the
distane o0er whih a wa0e is trans/itted within a 0i.ration period!
weig$ted fair ?ueuig
3"F+4
- fair 6ueue sheduling algorith/ .ased on .andwidth alloation weights! This
sheduling algorith/ alloates the total .andwidth of an interfae to 6ueues"
aording to their weights and shedules the 6ueues ylially! In this /anner"
pa9ets of all priority 6ueues an .e sheduled!
weig$ted radom earl/ - pa9et loss algorith/ used for ongestion a0oidane! It an pre0ent the glo.al
Copyright Huawei
1303
$pti% $&' (00)((0)(*0
detectio 3"2E,4 TCP synhroni8ation aused .y traditional tail-drop! C2D, is fa0ora.le for the
high-priority pa9et when alulating the pa9et loss ratio!
wireless local area
etwor* 3"!AN4
- hy.rid of the o/puter networ9 and the wireless o//uniation tehnology! It
uses wireless /ultiple address hannels as trans/ission /edia and arriers out data
interation through eletro/agneti wa0e to i/ple/ent the funtions of the
traditional #-'!
wor*ig -at$ - path alloated to transport the nor/al traffi!
wor*ig ser&ice - speifi ser0ie that is part of a protetion group and is la.eled wor9ing!
wra--ig - protetion swithing /ode defined in IT5-T <!*132" whih is applia.le to
pa9et-.ased T-4P#& ring networ9s and si/ilar to &,H two-fi.er .idiretional
/ultiple; setion protetion (4&P)! In this /ode" the swithing is triggered .y the
node that detets a failure! +or details" see IT5-T <!*@1!
F
F.21 IT5-T standard for serial o//uniations o0er synhronous digital lines! It is
/ainly used in Durope and Fapan!
F.25 - data lin9 layer protool! It defines the o//uniation in the Pu.li ,ata
'etwor9 (P,') .etween a host and a re/ote ter/inal!
<
<.1:(1 The $-4 protool introdued .y the IT5-T! =esides the ontents defined .y
IDDD*02!1ag" IT5-T 2eo//endation O!133 also defines the following o/.ined
$-4 /essages7 -lar/ Indiation &ignal (-I&)" 2e/ote ,efet Indiation (2,I)"
#o9ed &ignal (#CG)" Test &ignal" -uto/ati Protetion &withing (-P&)"
4aintenane Co//uniation Channel (4CC)" D;peri/ental (D%P)" and 1endor
&peifi (1&P) for fault /anage/ent and perfor/ane /onitoring" suh as fra/e
loss /easure/ent (#4)" and delay /easure/ent (,4)!
Copyright Huawei
130*

Huawei OptiX OSN 500&550&580 Feature Description (V100R007)

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OptiX OSN 500/550/580

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