Central Electrical Act

CEA: Regulations on Installation and Operation of Meters
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Central Electricity Authority Regulations, 2004
on Installation and Operation of Meters

1. Short Title, Commencement, Extent and Interpretation:
i) These Regulations shall be called the Central Electricity Authority
Regulations, 2004 on Installation and Operation of Meters framed as per
provisions under Section 177 and Section 55 of the Electricity Act, 2003.
ii) These Regulations shall come into force on the date of their publication in
the official Gazette of India unless a definite subsequent date is stipulated in
particular Regulations or Sub-Regulations.
iii) These Regulations extend to whole of the India except the State of Jammu
and Kashmir.
iv) In these Regulations, a word expressed in masculine gender includes
feminine gender, the singular includes plural and the plural includes the
singular.
2. Definitions:
i) Act means the Electricity Act, 2003.
ii) "Authority" means Central Electricity Authority constituted under Section
70(2) of the Act.
iii) Appropriate Commission means Central Electricity Regulatory
Commission/State Regulatory Commission as the case may be.
iv) AC System means alternating current electricity system wherein the
voltage and current waveforms repeat themselves every cycle, which
extends to 360 electrical degrees. In each cycle the first half and the
second half are opposite in sign.
v) Active Energy means the electrical energy supplied or consumed during a
time interval, being the integral of Active Power with respect to time,
measured in the units of watt hours or standard multiples thereof. One
Kilo watt hour is one unit.
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vi) Active Power means (in an AC System) the electrical power, being the
product of voltage, current and cosine of the phase angle between the
voltage and current complexors and measured in units of watt (W) or in
standard multiples thereof.
vii) Apparent Power is defined as S=P + jQ where S is the apparent power,
P active power, Q reactive power and j 90
o
operator. The magnitude of
Apparent Power = S = (P
2
+ Q
2
). It is measured in volt amperes or
standard multiples thereof.
viii) Availability Based Tariff means a tariff structure based on availability of
generating units and having three components viz: Capacity Charges (CC),
Energy Charges (EC) or Variable Charges (VC) and charges for
Unscheduled Interchange (UI).
ix) BIS means Bureau of Indian Standards.
x) British Standards (BS) means standards and specifications approved
by the British Standards Institution.
xi) Contracted Demand means the maximum active power or apparent
power agreed to be supplied by the supplier and reflected in the Agreement
executed between the parties.
xii) Consumer means a consumer as defined in the Act.
xiii) Direct Current System means Direct Current electricity system wherein
current flow is unidirectional.
xiv) Distribution System means the distribution system as defined in the Act.
xv) Energy Accounting and Audit means a process wherein the account of
the energy flow to various segments and various category of consumers is
prepared and further analysed so as to determine as to how it has been
consumed out of total available quantum over a specified time period. A
group of meters are installed at different pre-determined locations in the
total power system which, together with the Meters for interface Tariff and
Meters for Consumer, facilitates compiling accurate and detailed database
depicting the energy supplied to the consumers and energy lost in various
network elements of the total power system.
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xvi) Extra High Tension (EHT) means a voltage level exceeding 33000 volts
under normal conditions.
xvii) Exporter means any generating company/licensee from whose system
electrical energy flows into the system of another generating
company/licensee and includes a trader.
xviii) Grid Entry Point means a point at which a generating unit is connected
to the Grid.
xix) High Tension (HT) means a voltage level exceeding 440 volts and up to
33000 volts under normal conditions (This also includes Medium voltage
category).
xx) IS means the standards published by BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards).
xxi) Inspector means an Electrical Inspector as defined in the Act
xxii) Importer means any generating company/licensee whose system
receives electrical energy from the system of another generating
company/licensee and includes a trader.
xxiii) Licensee has the same meaning as defined in the Act.
xxiv) Low Tension (LT) means a voltage level that does not exceed 440 volts
under normal conditions.
xxv) Meter means a device suitable for recording and/or indicating
consumption of electrical energy or any other quantity related with electrical
system.
a) Correct Meter means a meter which shall have capacity,
features, accuracy class and specifications as prescribed in CEAs
Standards on Installation and Operation of Meters.
b) Main Meter means a meter, which would primarily be used for
energy accounting and / or billing.
c) Check Meter means a meter, which shall be connected to the
same core of the Current Transformers (CTs) and Potential
Transformers (PTs) to which main meter is connected and shall be
used for energy accounting and billing in case of failure of main
meter.
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d) Standby Meter means a meter connected to CTs and PTs, other
than those used for main and check meters and shall be used for
energy accounting and billing in case of failure of both main and
check meters.
e) Meter for Interface Tariff means a meter used for energy
accounting and billing, connected at the boundary between the
system of an exporter and system of an importer and includes
meters connected for the purpose of trading. Meters for interface
tariff shall be suitable for Availability Based Tariff (ABT) in vogue,
hereinafter referred as Special Energy Meters (SEMs).
f) Meter for Consumer means a meter connected for recording the
electrical energy and other electrical quantities drawn from the
supply system and utilized by the consumer.
g) Metering System means meters and wherever applicable
associated metering apparatus/equipment such as CTs, PTs,
Communication/SCADA equipment etc., necessary for such
recording and communication of metered data and shall also
include main meter, check meter and/or standby meters which are
provided to enable proper accounting, billing, recording and
auditing of energy consumption / energy transfer.
xxvi. Premises means any land, building or structure.
xxvii. Power Factor means, the cosine of the electrical angle between the
voltage and current complexors in an AC Electrical Circuit.
xxviii. Reactive Energy means, in relation to an AC Electrical System the
integral of Reactive Power with respect to time and measured in the units of
volt-ampere hours reactive (VArh) or in standard multiples thereof.
xxix. Reactive Power means in relation to AC System the product of voltage,
current and the sine of the electrical phase angle between the voltage
complexor and current complexor, measured in volt amperes reactive
(VAr) and in standard multiples thereof.
xxx. Regulations means the CEA Regulations on installation and Operation of
Meters.
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xxxi. Settlement Period means, in relation to interface tariff metering, the
period for which the cost of active energy, reactive energy and maximum
demand are calculated.
xxxii. Settlement Values mean the values of active energy, reactive energy,
maximum demand and other electrical quantities upon which the tariff
system is based.
xxxiii. Standards mean Standards on Installation and Operation of Meters
annexed to these regulations.
xxxiv. Transmission Lines means transmission lines as defined in the Act.
xxxv. Transmission System means a network of transmission lines.
xxxvi. The words and expressions used and not defined in these regulations but
defined in the Electricity Act, 2003 shall have the meaning assigned to
them in the said Act.
3. Applicability of the Regulations:
These regulations shall be applicable to all the generating companies and
licensees who are engaged in the business of generation / transmission / trading /
distribution/supply of electricity and all categories of consumers.
4. Objectives and Scope:
(i) Correct measurement of electricity supplied is necessary for accounting and
billing of electrical energy. These Regulations cover location, installation,
sealing, safety and other general issues in respect of meters falling mainly
in the following three categories:
Meters for Interface Tariff
Meters For consumers
Meters for Energy Accounting and Audit
(ii) The scope of these Regulations covers all new and existing
connections/installations.
(iii) No licensee shall supply electricity, after the expiry of time frame as
specified in the Act, except through installation of a correct meter in
accordance with these Regulations.
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(iv) For all existing connections, every licensee shall ensure that meters are
installed within time frame as specified in the Act. The State Commission,
however, by notification may extend this time frame for a class or classes of
consumers or for such area as may be specified in that notification.
5. Standards :
All the equipment installed under these regulations shall necessarily conform to the
relevant standards as specified in the Central Electricity Authoritys Standards on
Installation and Operation of Meters annexed herewith and as amended from time
to time.
6. Ownership of Meters:
6.1 Meters for Interface Tariff
Meters shall be owned by the Central Transmission Utility (CTU), State
Transmission Utility (STU) or licensee.
6.2 Meters for Consumers:
Meters shall be owned and maintained by the licensee in general. However, if any
consumer elects to purchase a meter, meeting the requirements laid down in this
Regulation, the same shall be permitted. In such a case the licensee shall neither
charge any security for the price of the meter from the consumer nor any hire
charges for the meter.
6.3 Meters for Energy Accounting and Audit:
Meters shall be owned by generating company/licensee.
7. Locations of Meters:
7.1 Meters for interface tariff:
Sl.
No.
Stages Main Meter Check Meter Standby Meter
A. Generating Station
(excluding Captive, Co-
generation, Small
generation, Non-
Conventional and
Renewable source
(i) HV side of
Generator
Transformers.
(ii) HV side of all
Station Auxiliary
Transformers
(i) HV side of
Generator
Transformers.
(ii) HV side of
all Station
Auxiliary
All outgoing
feeders from the
bus.
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generation ) including transformers
for CW system, Ash
water recycling
system and raw water
intake/make up water
system.
Transformers
including
transformers
for CW
system, Ash
water
recycling
system and
raw water
intake/make
up water
system.
B. Transmission System

At one end of the line
between the
substations.
- (i) At other end
of the line
between the
substations of
two different
licensees.
(ii) All inter
State/inter
Regional lines.
C. Inter-Connecting
Transformers (ICTs)

HV side of all ICTs. - LV side of all
ICTs.
D. Captive Generating
Plant/Co-Generation
Plant
At the Grid entry
point of the
generator.
At the Grid
entry point of
the
generator.
All outgoing
feeders from
the bus.
E.

Small Generating
Units/Non-
Conventional and
Renewable Source of
Generation
Generator output
terminal.
Generator
output
terminal.
-
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F. Trading Purchase/trade point of trader (In case existing meters
do not satisfy the requirements, new meters would have
to be arranged by the trader in association with the
generating company/ licensee /Consumer).

7.2 Meters for Consumers:

(a) LT Consumers:

The meters shall be installed by the licensee at consumers/licensees
premises. The meters shall be connected before the consumers isolating
device (Main Switch), which may be a moulded case circuit breaker,
miniature circuit breaker or an ironclad switch fuse unit.

(b) HT and EHT Consumers:

The meters shall be installed by the licensee at consumers/Licensees
premises. The meters shall be connected before the main switch and the
circuit breaker. The meter shall be connected on the supply side of the
isolator, i.e. the voltage transformer and the current transformer shall be
connected before the isolator. The meters shall be housed in a pilfer proof
and weatherproof box or cabinet.

In addition the consumer shall provide one isolator and one circuit breaker
along with the protective devices for isolating his system from that of the
supplier.

(c) Licensee shall prepare a road map for changing the location of existing
meters as per above and implement the same.

7.3 Meters for Energy Accounting and Audit

Meters for energy accounting and audit shall be located in such a manner so as to
account for the energy generated, transmitted and distributed in the power system
network and supplied to consumer. It will also help in identification of areas of high
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technical an commercial losses and take remedial measures on a continuous
basis. The location of these meters shall be as follows:

(a) Generating Stations:

i. Low voltage side of each Incoming transformer feeder of HT and LT
bus from which supply is given to various auxiliary loads.
ii. Direct Current Energy Meter between the exciter and rotor.
iii. HV side of the Unit Auxiliary Transformer.
iv. LV side of the Station Auxiliary Transformer at a point after the stator
terminals and before tapping to the Unit Auxiliary Transformer.

(b) Transmission System:

All incoming and out going feeders (If the meters for interface tariff do
not exist)

(c) Distribution System:

i. All incoming feeders.
ii. All Outgoing feeders.
iii. Sub-Station Transformer HV and LV side (excluding Distribution
Transformer)
iv. Distribution Transformer LV side.
(d) Small Generating Stations:

At one or more points such that the internal consumption of energy at the
generating station for lighting and auxiliaries and the losses in various
components can be obtained. The actual points may be decided by the
operator of the small generating stations.

7.4 The generating companies/licensees may install meters at additional points in their
systems.

7.5 A typical arrangement of locations of meters is given at Exhibit-I.

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8. Accuracy Class of Meters:
The accuracy class of meters shall be given in CEA Standards on Installation and
Operation of Meters.

9. Installation of Meters:

i) Only the correct meters shall be installed at various locations specified in
these regulations
ii) The meters, which do not have remote meter reading facility through a
communication network and computer interface shall be installed at
locations, which are easily accessible for installation, testing, commissioning
and recording. The place of installation shall be such that minimum
inconvenience and disruptions are caused to the site owners and the
visiting agencies.
iii) In case, CTs and PTs form the part of the metering system, the meters shall
be installed as near the instrument transformers as possible to reduce
errors due to secondary leads.
10. Access to Metering Systems :
The owner of the premises in/at whose premises, the meters are installed, shall
provide access to the authorized representatives of the licensee
/traders/generating companies as the case may be for installation, inspection,
testing, calibration, maintenance of the metering system and noting down meter
readings. They may bring testing equipment and vehicles. Written procedure and
protocols shall be prepared by the licensees/traders/generating companies
concerned.

11. Sealing of Metering Systems:
11.1 Sealing Arrangements
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i) In case of meters for interface tariff sealing shall be done by both the Exporter
and the Importer. At each point there shall be two seals the Exporters seal
and the Importers Seal.
ii) In case of meters for consumers sealing shall be done by the licensee.
iii) In case of meters for energy accounting and audit sealing shall be done by the
licensee
iv) The sealing of all metering systems shall be done at various points (as
applicable) to avoid tampering.
v) A tracking and recording software for all new seals shall be provided so as to
track total movement of seals starting from manufacturing, procurement,
storage, record keeping, installation, series of inspections, removal and
disposal.
vi) Seal shall be unique for each utility.
vii) Only the patented seal (seal from the manufacturer who has official right to
manufacture the seal)should be used.
viii) Polycarbonate / imported acrylic seals / Holographic seals shall be used.
ix) Any other superior seal may also be used with the consent of Appropriate
Regulatory Commission.
x) Lead seals shall not be used.

11.2 Removal of Seals from Metering Systems:

(a) Metering Systems for Interface Tariff
When ever seals have to be removed for maintenance, inspection, testing
and calibration of meters, the concerned party shall obtain the prior consent
of the other party. Only in case of emergency, telephonic consent shall be
obtained, which shall be confirmed by the other party in writing. Re-sealing
of the meters shall be carried out in the presence of both exporter and
importer. If one party is unable to be physically present, it shall inform the
same to other party in writing. The breaking and re-sealing shall be
recorded by the party who carried out the work in the Meter Register,
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mentioning the serial numbers of the broken seals and the serial numbers of
the new seals.

(b) Metering Systems for Consumers
Seals shall be removed only by the licensee. A consumer shall not tamper
with, break or remove the seal under any circumstances. Any tampering
shall be punishable as per part XIV of the Act.

(c ) Metering Systems for Energy Accounting and Audit:

Seals shall be removed only by the generating company/licensee who owns
the meters.

12. Safety of Meters:

i) In case of meters for interface tariff the exporter/importer in whose premises
the meters are installed shall be responsible for their safety. Whenever any
abnormality is observed it shall be intimated to the exporter/importer and
the concerned Load Despatch Center. The action for not complying the
above shall be taken according to the procedures in force.
ii) In the case of the meters for consumer the licensee shall be responsible for
its safe custody, if the meters are installed at the premises of the licensee.
In case the meters are installed at consumers premises it shall be the
responsibility of the consumer to keep the meter in safe custody. The
metering system, meter boards, service mains, MCB/CB, load limiters etc.,
must on no account be handled or removed by any one who is not an
authorized representative of the licensee.
iii) In case of meters for energy accounting and audit the generating
company/licensee who owns the meter shall be responsible for its safe
custody.
iv) Safety requirements as given in CEAs standard for safety code shall be
complied with.

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13. Meter Reading and Registers:
(a) Meter for Interface Tariff
It shall be the responsibility of the Appropriate Transmission Utility to record
the metered data, maintain a database of all the information associated with
the metering system and verify the correctness of metered data and furnish
the same to various agencies as per the procedure laid down by the
Appropriate Regulatory Commission. The data shall be furnished to the
Authority as and when requisitioned.

(b) Meters for Consumers:

i) It shall be responsibility of the licensee to record the metered data,
maintain a database of all the information associated with the
metering system and verify the correctness of metered data.
ii) The licensee shall maintain accounts for the energy consumption and
other electrical quantities of its consumers.
iii) Brief history, date of installation and details of testing, calibration and
replacement of meters shall be maintained by the licensee.

(c) Meter for Energy Accounting and Audit

It shall be responsibility of the generating company / licensee to record the
metered data, maintain a database of all the information associated with the
metering system and verify the correctness of metered data. Each
generating company/licensee shall prepare monthly and yearly energy
account for its system for taking appropriate action for efficient operation
and system development.

14. Failure of Meters/Meter Discrepancies:

(a) Meters for Interface Tariff
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(i) Whenever difference between the readings of the Main meter and
the Check meter for any month is more than 0.5% both meters shall
be re-calibrated till the difference as per test results is 0.1% or less.
(ii) In addition to conspicuous failures like burning out and erratic display
of parameters, a meter shall be deemed to have failed when the error
found in testing is outside the prescribed limits.
(iii) When the Main meter fails settlement values shall be obtained from
the check meter. The Main Meter shall be immediately rectified,
reprogrammed and re-calibrated against Reference Standard Meter
of 0.05 Class.
(iv) When both Main and Check meters fail it shall be treated as an
emergency and at least one meter shall be rectified and
recommissioned within one day.

(v) Billing for the Failure period :
a) When the Main Meter fails but the Check meter is working
properly, the billing is done based on the Check meter
readings.
b) When both Main and Check meters fail ABT billing is done
based on the meter readings of standby meter.

(vi) Readings recorded by all Main, Check and Standby meters in each
time slot shall be analysed, crosschecked and validated by the
appropriate Load Despatch Centre (LDC). The discrepancies, if any,
noticed in the readings shall be informed by the LDC in writing to the
energy accounting agency for proper accounting of energy. LDC
shall also intimate the discrepancies to the Appropriate Transmission
Utility, who shall take further necessary action regarding testing,
calibration or replacement of the faulty meters in accordance with the
provisions laid down.

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(b) Meters for Consumers
In case of the meter for consumer, the consumers reports to the licensee
about the excessive/less consumption or stoppage of meter, damage to the
seal, burning/damage of the meter the procedures as given in the Electricity
Supply Code of the Appropriate Commission / and the agreement of the
consumer with the licensee shall be followed.

(c ) Meters for Energy Accounting and Audit:

Meters shall be rectified / replaced by the generating company/licensee
immediately on noticing the abnormality such as:
Meter readings are outside the limits prescribed for the specified
accuracy class.
Meter readings are not in accordance with the normal pattern of the
load demand.
Meter tampering/damage.
15. Anti Tampering Features of Meters:
The meters shall be provided with anti tampering features, duly approved by the
Appropriate Regulatory Commission.

16. Scheme for Meters for Interface Tariff (SMIT):
The Scheme for Meters for Interface Tariff (SMIT) prescribed under these
regulations should be submitted to the CTU/STU by the concerned
licensee/generating company, at least four months prior to the installation of the
SMIT.
17. Type of Meters:

All meters shall meet the functional requirements of the regulations. All existing
Electro-Mechanical meters which fail to meet the requirement of these regulations
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shall be replaced in a time frame to be decided by the Appropriate Regulatory
Commission.

18. Testing of Meters at Accredited Test Labs:

The licensee shall suo moto carry out periodic testing of meters at any accredited
test laboratory.

19. Amendment to the Regulations / Standards:

The Authority may, as and when considered necessary, amend these regulations,
by notification. The Authority may, as and when considered necessary, amend the
standards annexed to these regulations by an order.

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Annexure
Standards on Installation and Operation of Meters

CHAPTER 1: COMMON TO ALL TYPE OF METERS

1. Standards and Codes of Practice:
i) The Licensees / Generating Companies / Consumers shall install
equipments covered in Central Electricity Authoritys Regulations-2004 on
Installation and Operation of Meters complying with the latest version of
relevant BIS standards and CBI&P Technical Report. If BIS standards are
not available, relevant British Standards, IEC Standard, Standard of
American National Standard Institute (ANSI) or any other equivalent
Standard shall be followed.
ii) Whenever an international standard or IEC standard is followed, necessary
corrections shall be made for different system frequency, nominal system
voltage, ambient temperature, humidity and other conditions prevailing in
India before actual adoption of the standard.

iii) The purchaser may specify more stringent conditions for testing during
procurement stage and in that case, the meters shall conform to technical
specifications as prescribed by the purchaser.

2. Power Purchase Agreements:
Supplementary detailed standards applicable to particular cases not covered by
the Central Electricity Authority (CEA) Regulations and CEA Standards on
installation and operation of Meters may be included in the Power Purchase
Agreements between any two parties. However, they shall not contravene these
Standards and the CEA Regulations.

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3. Climatic Conditions:
All the equipments covered in these standards shall work satisfactorily under the
following climatic conditions:
Sl No Parameter Value
1. Temperature Range 10
o
C to 50
o
C
2. Max Relative Humidity 95%.

In case the site conditions are more stringent, then the meters shall comply with
the specification of the purchaser in this respect.
4. Meters Specifications:

Standard Reference Voltage Without PT operated
240 V (Phase to Neutral)
415 V (Phase to Phase)
With PT operated
63.5 V (Phase to Neutral)
110 V (Phase to Phase)
Voltage Range 70% to 120%
Reference Frequency 50 Hz
Frequency Range 45-55 Hz
Current Range
(It shall be so chosen as to record
the load current corresponding to
the sanctioned load)
Without CT operated
Single Phase
2.5 A,5 A,10 A,15 A and 20 A
Three Phase
5 A, 10 A,15 A, 20 A,30 A, 40 A,50 A
With CT operated
1 A and 5 A
Accuracy Class
(Accuracy to be maintained under
wide fluctuations of current,
voltage and frequency).

(a) Meters for Interface Tariff
The accuracy of meters for interface
tariff shall not be inferior to 0.2
accuracy class.
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(b) Meters for Consumers
All new meters shall meet the
following requirements of Accuracy
Class:
Type of Consumer Accuracy Class

EHT Consumer 0.2

HT Consumer 0.5 or better

LT Consumer 1.0 or better
(whole current meters)

LT Consumer 1.0 or better
( CT operated)

(c) Meters for Energy Accounting and
Audit
The accuracy class of meters in
generation and transmission system
shall not be inferior to that of 0.2
accuracy class. The meters in
distribution system shall not be inferior
to that of 0.5 accuracy class.

Starting Current and Maximum
Current
As per ISS
Power Factor Range 0.5 lag-unity-0.8 lead
Power Frequency Withstand
Voltage
As per ISS
Impulse Voltage withstand test
for 1.2/50 micro sec
As per ISS
Power Consumption As per ISS

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5. Anti Tampering Features:

i) The meter shall not get damaged even if any phase and neutral are
interchanged.
ii) The meter should register energy even when the return path of the load
current is not terminated back at the meter and in such a case the circuit
shall be completed through the earth. The earth terminal shall be brought
out and provided on the outside of the case.
iii) The meter shall detect CT polarity reversal (only for CT operated meters)
and record the same with date and time of all occurrences and restoration
with total number of such occurrences during the above period for all
phases.
iv) The meter shall work correctly irrespective of the phase sequence of
supply(only for poly phase).
v) In the case of 3 phase 4 wire system, the meter shall keep working even in
the presence of any two wires i.e., even in the absence of neutral and any
one or any two phases.
vi) In the case of 3 phase 3 wire meters even if reference Y phase is removed,
the meter shall continue to work.
vii) In case of whole current meters, the meter shall be capable of recording
energy correctly even if input and output terminals are interchanged.
viii) The registration must occur whether input phase / neutral wires are
connected properly or they are interchanged at the input terminals.
ix) Meter works on removal of any one or two phases.
x) Meter shall log tampers(as applicable) of :
PT Missing
Current circuit reversal
Current circuit short/open
xi) The meter shall be factory calibrated and shall be sealed suitably before
dispatch.
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6. Sealing Points:
Sealing shall be done at the following points (as applicable):
a. CT Secondary Boxes (in addition to locking arrangement)
b. PT Secondary Box (in addition to the locking arrangement)
c. Meter Cabinet
d. Meter Test Block
e. Meter Terminal cover
f. Meter Cover
g. Panel doors where CT and PT secondary circuits are terminated or where
possibility for shorting or breaking exists and fuses/links are provided.
h. PT selector relay box where automatic change over of potential supply to
meter from one PT to another is provided
i. CT Primary Links and Top covers
j. Maximum Demand (MD) Reset Push Button
k. Boxes / Cabinets containing terminals for remote transmission of metered
data via communication channels, junction boxes in the system and boxes
wherein interface devices are mounted.

7. Immunity to External Factors:

The metering system shall be totally immune to external influences like magnetic
induction, vibration, electrostatic discharge, switching Transients and Surge
Voltages and oblique suspension, harmonics and necessary tests shall be carried
out by the supplier.

8. Meter Enclosure:

The meter case shall be made of superior quality reinforced polycarbonate,
engineering plastic or sheet steel. If sheet metal is used ,provision for earthing
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shalll be made. The case shall be dust-proof, vermin-proof and pilfer-proof.
Detailed specifications shall be prepared by the purchaser.
9. Terminal Block, Terminal Screw, Test Block:
i) Test terminal block shall be provided to facilitate testing at site.
ii) The Purchaser shall prepare detailed specifications regarding the
terminals, terminals screws for tightening secondary cable core
conductors, terminal cover, terminal block, test block . sealings.

10. Current and Voltage Transformers(CTs & VTs):
i) The accuracy class of CTs & Vts shall not be inferior to that of associated
meters
ii) All the meters including main and check meters shall be connected to same
core of CTs/ VTs.
iii) The Voltage Transformers shall be electromagnetic VT or Capacitor Voltage
Transformer (CVT).
iv) The rated burden of the CTs and VTs shall be adequate for connection to
the meters, other instruments and telecom equipment at each location and
CTs and VTs and shall not be overloaded.
v) The CTs and VTs shall be tested once in 5 years. If they are not replaced
after elapsing of the normal life expectancy period, they shall be tested
once in every six months thereafter for accuracy of ratios at rated burden.
11. Tests:
All Type, Routine and Acceptance Tests shall be carried out as per relevant ISS
or purchaser specification whichever is more stringent.
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CHAPTER 2
Standards for Meters for Interface Tariff
1. Applicability and Scope:

This Chapter (Interface Tariff Metering) applies to Generating Companies
(including Independent Power Producers), Transmission Licensees, Distribution
Licensees, Electricity Traders, Captive Power Plants, Cogeneration Units and
Small Generators (including non-conventional energy generators) who evacuate
their generation directly into the distribution systems.

2. General Requirements:
i) These meters shall be suitable for availability based tariff and be referred to
as Special Energy Meters (SEMs).

ii) The metering system shall display and record such electrical quantities and
parameters as approved by the Appropriate Commission.

iii) The metering system shall meet the requirements included in the
Agreement between the Exporter and Importer.

iv) Electrical energy transmitted from an exporters system to an importers
system shall be measured and recorded by installing a standard Interface
Tariff Metering system as near the boundary as possible.

3. Functional Requirements:

i) The meter must perform four quadrant measurement.
ii) There shall be provision for self-check and diagnosis at regular intervals.
The meter shall have indication for unsatisfactory functioning of the
following:
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24
Time and Calendar
Real Time Clock Battery
All Display Parameters
Non-volatile Memory

iii) There shall be programmable facility to restrict access with three level
passwords.

iv) On any programme change the meter shall reset itself to zero and the
previous information shall be stored in the non-volatile memory.

v) There shall be provision for access to the meter by a computer (desktop,
PC or laptop), and remote reading or data storage via communication
system.

vi) The meter shall log the time and date of all programme changes in a billing
period.

vii) The meters shall be essentially static tri-vector meters. They shall register in
memory and display the following quantities:

a) Instantaneous and cumulative Active, Reactive and Apparent power
b) Instantaneous and cumulative Active, Reactive and Apparent Energy
c) Instantaneous and Maximum l Currents of all phases
d) Instantaneous and Maximum Voltages of all phases
e) Maximum Active ,Reactive and Apparent Power
f) Instantaneous and Average Voltage and Frequency.
g) Instantaneous and Average Power Factor.
h) Real time and date.
i) Active, Reactive and Apparent energy for the previous month.
j) MD reset count number.
k) Date of auto MD reset.
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25
l) Diagnostic errors and tamper occurrence.
m) Harmonic Distortion

viii) The meters shall have following facilities:

a) Communication: compatible with RS 485 or RS 232.
b) Load Survey Capability.
c) Missing Potential Alarm and indication in case of failure of potential at
the meter incoming terminal.
d) Provision for tele-metering using common protocol.
e) Provision for collection of data by Meter Reading Instrument (MRI).
f) Provision for time-synchronizing facility from external clock. Provision for
correcting real time by MRI.
g) Sliding Integration Window.
h) Real Time Clock.
i) Non-volatile memory for 60 days.
j) Test output device in the form of a pulse indicator accessible from the
front and capable of being monitored by suitable testing equipment.
k) The meter shall record active energy and average frequency for every
15 minutes time block and reactive energy lagging and reactive energy
leading and average voltage for every 15 minutes time block.

ix) Transformers/transducers required for their functioning shall be in-built in
the meters. Necessary isolation and / or suppression shall also be built-in,
for protecting the meters from surges and voltage spikes that occur in the
VT and CT circuits of extra high voltage switchyards.
x) The active energy (Wh) measurement shall be carried out on 3-phase, 4-
wire principle, with an accuracy specifed in the regulation. The meter shall
compute the net active energy (Wh) sent out from the busbars during each
successive 15-minutes block, and store it in its memory along with
plus/minus sign. It shall also display on demand the net energy sent out
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26
during the previous 15-minutes block, with a minus sign if there is a net
energy receipt.
xi) Further, the meter shall continuously integrate and display on demand the
net cumulative active energy sent out from the sub-station busbars upto
that time. The cumulative energy reading at each midnight shall be stored
in the meters memory. The register shall move backwards when active
power flows back to busbars. There shall be separate register for export
and import.
xii) The meter shall count the number of cycles in VT output during each
successive 15-minutes block, and divide the same by 900 to arrive at the
average frequency (truncated to second place of decimal). This shall be
stored in the meters memory. The average frequency of the previous 15-
minutes block shall also be displayed, on demand in hertz.
xiii) The meter shall continuously compute the average of the Root Mean
Square (RMS) values of the three line-to-neutral VT secondary voltage as
a percentage of 63.51 V, and display the same on demand.
xiv) The meter shall also compute the reactive power (VAR) on 3-phase, 4-wire
principle, within the accuracy and integrate the reactive energy (VARh) into
a set of six (6) separate registers, using two registers (one each for
VARh (imports) and VARh (exports) for each of the following ranges of
voltage measurements:

a. The average RMS voltage is 85% or below.
b. The average RMS voltage is between 85% to 97%
c. The average RMS voltage is 103% or above.

xv) The current reactive power (VAR) (with a minus sign if VARs are flowing
back to the sub-station bus), and cumulative readings of each of the
reactive energy (VARh) registers shall be displayed on demand. The
readings of all the registers at each midnight shall also be stored in the
meters memory.

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27
xvi) Each meter shall have a test output device (visual) for checking the
accuracy of active energy (Wh) measurement. The preferred pulsing rate
is twenty (20) per Wh and four (4) for 1A and 5A CT respectively. It shall
be possible to couple this device to suitable testing equipment also.

xvii) The three line-to-neutral voltages shall be continuously monitored and in
case any of these falls below about 70%, a normally flashing lamp provided
on meters front shall become steady. It shall go off all three voltages fall
below 70%. An alarm shall also be provided in the control room. The time
blocks in which such a voltage failure occurs / persist shall also be
recorded in the meters memory. The lamp shall automatically resume
flashing when all VT secondary voltages are healthy again. The six (6)
VARh registers specified above shall remain stay-put while VT supply is
unhealthy.

xviii) The accuracy of the meter shall not be affected by harmonics circulating in
the system of magnitudes within permissible limits stipulated by CEA Grid
Standards and Regulations. The meter shall indicate and record the total
resultant quantities of fundamental frequency and harmonics or
alternatively the meter shall record fundamental frequency quantities and
harmonics related quantities (such as MWh, MVAh and MVARh)
separately.

xix) The meters shall normally operate with the power drawn from the VT
secondary circuits. The total burden imposed by a meter for measurement
and operation shall not exceed 10 VA on any of the phases. An automatic
back up or continue operation of the meters calendar-clock, and for
retaining all data in its memory, shall be provided through a long-life
battery, which shall be capable of supplying the required power for at least
two years. The meters shall be supplied duly fitted with the batteries, which
shall not require to be changed for at least 10 years, as long as total VT
supply interruption does not exceed two years. The meters shall not
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28
require any separate auxiliary supply for their operation. All displays may
disappear on loss of VT supply.

xx) Each meter shall have a built-in calendar and clock, having an accuracy of
one minute per year or better. The calendar and clock shall be correctly set
at the manufacturers works. The date (day-month-year) and time (hour-
min-sec) shall be displayed on the meter front (when VT supply has been
connected), on demand. Only limited clock adjustment shall be possible at
site, using the Data Collection Device (DCD). When an advance or retard
command is given, six subsequent time blocks shall be contracted or
elongated by ten seconds each. The meter shall not accept another clock
correction command for seven days. All clock corrections shall be
registered in the meters memory and suitably shown on print out of
collected data.

xxi) Each meter shall have a unique identification code, which shall be marked
permanently on its front, as well as in its memory.

xxii) Each meter shall have at least one nine (9) character, nine-segment
electronic display, for indication of the various parameters (one at a time),
on demand.

xxiii) A touch key or push button shall be provide on the meter front or switching
on the display and or changing from one indication to the next. The display
shall switch off automatically about one minute after the last operation of
touch key/push button. When the display is switched on, the parameter last
displayed shall be displayed again, duly updated.

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29
xxiv) Each meter shall have a non-volatile memory in which the following shall be
automatically stored:

Average frequency for each successive 15-minute block, upto
second decimal places.
Net active energy transmittal during each successive 15-minute
block, upto second decimal with plus/minus sign.
Cumulative active energy transmittal at each midnight, in six digits
including one decimal place.
Cumulative reading of each of the six (6) VARh registers, at each
midnight in six digits including one decimal place.
Date and time blocks of failure of VT supply on any phase, as a star
(*) mark

xxv) The meters shall store all the above listed data in their memories for a
period of forty five (45) days. The data older than forty five (45) days shall
get erased automatically.

xxvi) Each meter shall have an optical port on its front or tapping all data stored
in its memory. Portable or hand held data collection devices shall also be
separately provided or this purpose, one for each substation, to serve as
the interface between the meters specified above and the local personal
computers(PC). The overall intention is to tap the data stored in the
meters memories once a week, and transmit the same to a remote central
computer using communication links, through the local PC. It shall also be
possible to obtain a print out (hard copy) of all data collected from the
meters, using the local PC.

xxvii) The whole system shall be such as to provide a print out (both from the
local PC, and from remote central computer) in an easily
understandable/self-explanatory format.

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30
xxviii) The meters shall be supplied housed in compact and sturdy, metallic or
moulded cases of non-rusting construction and / or finish. The cases shall
be designed for simple mounting on a plane, vertical surface such as a
control/relay panel front. All terminals or CT and VT connections shall be
arranged in a row along the meters lower side. Terminals shall have a
suitable construction with barriers and cover, to provide a secure and safe
connection of CTs and VTs through stranded copper conductors of
2.5 Sq. mm size.

xxix) All meters of the same model shall be totally identical in all respects except
for their unique identification codes. They shall also be totally sealed and
tamper proof, with no possibility of any adjustment at site, except for clock
correction.

xxx) The meters shall safely withstand the usual fluctuations arising during faults
etc. In particular, VTs secondary voltage 115% of rated, applied
continuously and 190% of rated, for 3 seconds, and CT secondary current
150% of rated, applied continuously and 30 times of rated applied for 0.5
seconds shall not cause any damage to or palpation of the meters.

xxxi) The meters shall also withstand without any damage for mal-operation
reasonable mechanical shocks, earthquake forces, ambient temperature
variations from 20 C to 55 C, relative humidity etc. They shall have an
IP-51 category dust-tight construction, and shall be capable of satisfactory
operation in an indoor, non-air conditioned installation.

xxxii) The meters shall continue to function, as specified above, in case of failure
of one or two phases VT supply. In case of a complete VT supply failure,
the computation of average frequency shall be done only for the period
during the VT supply was available in the 15 minute block. Any time
contraction or elongation or clock correction shall also be duly accounted
for.
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31

xxxiii) The harmonics shall be filtered out while measuring Wh, VAR and VARh,
and only fundamental frequency quantities shall be measured/computed.

xxxiv) Either the meters shall have built-in facility (i.e test links in their terminals) or
in-situ testing, or a separate test block shall be provided for each meter.
This test block will also be used as auxiliary supply point for PT in case of
failure of main PT supply.

xxxv) The Exporter and Importer may install meters not having some of the
functions listed above or having more functions in addition to those listed
depending on the tariff requirements, quantum of power and other
considerations. For such deviations both parties shall enter into a written
agreement. The reasons for deviations shall be mentioned in the
Agreement. Copies of the agreement shall be submitted to the appropriate
Regulatory Commission and the Authority. However the entities shall
consider the requirements that may arise in the near future in addition to
the current requirements in order to avoid early obsolescence and costly
replacements

xxxvi) Portable/hand-held data collection devices (DCD) shall be tailor-made for
tapping all data stored in a meters memory, and faithfully transferring it to
the local PC. Each device shall at least comprise of the following:

A lead with optical head or coupling it to the meter;
A lead or plugging it to a personal computer;
An internal battery for powering the devices;
A case for safely carrying it about
A battery charger

The total arrangement shall be such that one (1) operator can carry out the
whole operation himself, in about 5 minutes per meter.
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32

xxxvii) The DCD shall have a key or starting the data tapping from the coupled
meters memory, a key to start data transfer to the PC, and a lamp, which
would light up on completion of data collection, remain on while the data is
held in the device and would go off when all data has been transferred to
the PC. Data tapping operation shall not erase the data from the meters
memory, or affect the meter operation in any way. The memory of the DCD
shall get automatically cleared when the data has been transferred to the
PC. DCDs shall also have the necessary provision for meter clock
correction and for specifying the dates from which to which, the data stored
in a meters memory is to be tapped.

xxxviii)The Contractor shall develop the necessary software which shall enable a
local IBM Compatible PC to:

accept the data from the DCD and store it in its memory.
display the collected data on PCs screen, with forward/backward
rolling.
print out the data collected from one or more meters, starting
from a certain date and time, as per operators instructions,
transmit the collected data through and appropriate
communication link to the central computer, starting from a
certain date and time, as per operators instructions, and
store the collected data on a detachable storage media.
xxxix) The above software shall further ensure that absolutely no tampering
(except total erasures) of the collected metering data is possible during its
handling by the PC. The software shall be suitable for a commonly
available PC, and shall be supplied to owner in a compatible form to enable
its easy loading into the PCs available (or to be installed by the
owner/others) at the various locations.

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33
4. Meter Test Equipment:

i) The specified number of sets of complete equipment required for in-situ
functional checking and testing of accuracy of meters shall be supplied to
the owner along with the meter. Each set shall include secondary voltage
and current injection equipment (3 phase balanced, variable power factor),
precisions instruments, timing device etc. that have a study construction
suitable for frequent transportation. The equipment shall be easily portable,
and shall generally comply with relevant IS/IEC requirement.

ii) In addition to the above, test output pulse counting device, with an accurate
built-in timer, shall be provided, or independent checking of energy
measurement accuracy against owners precision instruments.

5. Calibration and Testing:
(i) Factory Testing:
Before despatch all prerequisite tests shall be carried out at the
manufacturers works. Type tests shall be conducted on a percentage of the
ordered quantity. Immediately after calibration each meter shall be sealed.
The test certificate and calibration statement shall be supplied to the owner
along with the meter.

(ii) Site Testing:
At the time of commissioning, each meter shall be tested at site by the
owner. A reference standard meter of 0.05 class shall be used for testing.

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34
(iii) Periodic Calibration:
Testing in situ and calibration shall be carried out as follows:

System power equal to/more than 10
MW
Once in six months

System power less than 10 MW Once in two years

All meters shall be recalibrated at site with test equipment of 0.05 class or
better accuracy. In case it is not possible to recalibrate at site the same
shall be recalibrated at accredited test laboratory.

iv) The meter shall also be tested whenever the accuracy is suspected by
exporter/importer. Similarly the meter shall also be tested whenever the
energy and other quantities recorded by the meter are abnormal or
inconsistent with electrically adjacent meters.
v) Whenever there is unacceptable difference between the quantity recorded
by a meter and the corresponding value monitored at the billing center via
communication network ,the communication system and terminal
equipment shall be tested and rectified.

vi) Cost of testing and calibration:

In respect of cases (ii), (iii) and (v) the owner (Exporter) shall bear the cost.
In respect of case (iv) the party at whose instance the testing is carried out
shall normally bear the cost subject to the following provision. If the test
result proves the meter is faulty or erroneous, then the cost of testing shall
be borne by the owner of the meter. If the meter is found accurate and
functions normally during testing then the cost shall be borne by the party
who has requisitioned the testing.

vii) All calibration results shall be recorded in the Meter Register.
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35
viii) All testing and calibration operations shall be carried out in the presence of
the representatives of the Exporter and Importer. The party conducting the
calibration shall send advance notice to the other party regarding the date
of testing. The seals shall be broken for testing only in the presence of
both parties.
ix) The Importer and Exporter may enter into an agreement on issues not
covered by the Regulations and the Grid Code. The Agreement shall be in
writing and shall be consistent with the Regulations and the relevant Grid
Code. Such agreement shall be got approved by the commission.
x) Instrument Transformers shall be calibrated once at the time of
commissioning. The calibration results shall be compared with the Test
Certificates issued by the manufacturers. The ratios available and adopted
shall be written in the Meter Registers and on a label fastened to the meter.
The Instrument Transformer shall be tested once in five years or whenever
a party suspects an internal fault or degradation of accuracy due to
magnetic core deterioration.

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36

CHAPTER- 4
Standards for Meters for Consumer

1. Applicability:

i) These standards shall be applicable to all categories of consumers.

ii) The Licensees and the consumers shall also comply with the requirements
of grid connectivity standards of Distribution Systems and EHT Consumers.

2. Check Meters:

i) The consumer may opt to install a check meter. This check meter shall be for the
use of consumer.

ii) If the consumer decides to install a check meter, the following procedure shall
be complied with:

The check meter system shall be purchased by the consumer.
The check meter shall have same specifications as that of main meters
The check meter system shall be tested and installed by the Distribution
Licensee.
If the consumer desires that check meter system to be considered as a
standby meter by the licensee so that billing can be done based on the
check meter readings by the licensee whenever the main metering system
fails the following conditions shall apply:

o The metering system must have been manufactured by one of the
companies approved by the Licensee.
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37
o The metering system must have been tested, calibrated and sealed
by the licensee before connection. (The cost of such testing and
calibration shall be paid by the consumer.)
o The metering system has to be kept under the operational control of
the Licensee.
o The consumer shall have no other right on the check meter except
taking readings.
o The consumer shall claim the metering system as his asset only after
it is permanently removed from the system.

iii) If the divergence between the quantities recorded by the main meter and
check meter is more than 2 % the readings of the check meter shall not be
adopted for billing whenever the main meter fails. However, if both the
Licensee and the consumer agree to adopt the check meter system
readings for billing with or without correction, the settlement may be done
based on the check meter readings even though there is divergence.

3. Additional Meters :

In addition to any metering system which may be placed for recording the
electricity consumed by the consumer , the licensee may connect such metering
system, maximum demand indicator or other apparatus as he may think fit for the
purposes of ascertaining or regulating either the amount of energy supplied to the
consumer, or the number of hours during which the supply is given or the rate per
unit of time at which energy is supplied to the consumer, or any other quantity or
time connected with the supply to consumer:

Provided that the metering system, indicator or apparatus shall not, in the absence
of an agreement to the contrary, be placed otherwise than between the distributing
mains of the licensee and any metering system:

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38
Provided also, that, where the charges for the supply of energy depend wholly or
partly upon the reading or indication of any such metering system, indicator or
apparatus as aforesaid, the licensee shall, in the absence of an agreement to the
contrary, keep the metering system, indicator or apparatus correct.

4. Agreement between Licensee and Consumer :

Before releasing the supply, the Licensee shall enter into an agreement with all,
categories of consumers. The agreement shall contain inter alia, the terms and
conditions of supply, the precautions the consumer has to observe regarding
metering system and the responsibilities of the consumer, procedure for handling
theft.

5. Measuring Parameters:

Parameters to be measured shall be decided by the licensee/generating company
and approved by the Appropriate Regulatory Commission, depending upon the
application and various categories of consumers.

6. Test Schedule:

Single Phase LT meters Once in 5 years after installation.
LT three phase meters (CT operated) 20
kVA to 100 kVA

Once in a year to be checked since these
are installed for high value consumers
Other LT metering systems Once in 2 years after installation.
EHT/HT meters -Below 5 MVA Once in a year
-5 to 10 MVA Once in six months
- above 10 MVA Once in a quarter.

The testing schedule for HT consumers should cover the entire Metering System
including CTs, PTs and Pilot wire. Detailed Ratio Testing of CT, PT and Control Pilot
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39
/ Wires is to be done. Testing through mobile vans/ mobile cubicles through
secondary injections kit and phantom loading may also be carried out by y
Measurement Unit.

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40

CHAPTER-5
Standards for Meters for Energy Accounting and Audit

A part of the electrical energy sent out at generating stations is dissipated in the
transmission and distribution systems and the balance is supplied to the
consumers for utilization. Meters for Energy Accounting and Audit (EAA) provides
data comprising total energy generated, total energy supplied to consumers, total
energy losses and break-up of losses in various elements of the transmission and
distribution systems and the energy utilized in the auxiliaries of generating stations
and sub-stations.

The data from Energy audit is utilized for evolving improvements in power systems
and power system configurations for minimizing the losses. Loss reduction is very
important for reducing the cost of electricity and for conserving National resources
such as coal, oil and gas.

i) The entity installing the meters shall prepare detailed specifications
regarding the case, terminal block, test terminal block, connection diagram,
fixing arrangements, terminal cover, terminal screws, sealing arrangements
and vibration withstand capacity.

ii) The entities which install EAA Meters may stipulate additional standards,
and specifications if any required.

2. Testing of Meters:
Routine tests shall be carried out on each meter by the manufacturer and type
tests shall be conducted on random samples from each batch.

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41
The Meters for Energy accounting and Audit purpose shall be tested at the time of
commissioning and subsequently at least once in three years and whenever the
accuracy is suspected or whenever the readings are inconsistent with the readings
of other meters e.g. check meters, standby meters.

3. Instrument Transformers:
The instrument transformers to whose secondary the EAA Meters are connected
shall not be inferior to be that of associated meters. . It shall be ensured that the
total burden connected to any instrument transformer does not exceed the rated
burden of the instrument transformer. Also the instrument transformers shall be
tested at the time of commissioning of the meters and thereafter every five years.
The instrument transformers shall also be tested whenever the accuracy is
suspected. After normal life expectancy elapses the Instrument transformers shall
be tested for accuracy on yearly basis.

4. Sampling of Data:

Where it is too expensive or impractical to connect EAA meters at every point the
EEA meters shall be connected at sample locations and the complete data is
obtained by calculation or by sound statistical extrapolation.

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42

MIT: Meter for Interface Tariff ICT: Inter connecting Transformer
MMIT- Main Meter for Interface Tariff UAT: Unit Auxiliary Transformer
CMIT- Check Meter for Interface Tariff
SMIT-Stand by Meter for Interface Tariff Current Transformer
MEAA: Meter for Energy Accounting and Audit
MC: Meter for Consumer
GT: Generator Transformer
SAT: Station Auxiliary Transformer

LOCATION OF METERS

GENERATING STATION (Excluding Captive, Co-Generation,
Non- Conventional and Renewable source generation)
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
~
Outgoing feeder
UAT
400/220/132/66 kV
EHT BUS
SAT
e.g 400/220/132
KV BUS
(Licensee A)

Licensee A
Licensee B
Licensee B
Licensee A
GT
ICT
e.g. 220/132/66 kV
BUS
Exhibit I/ 1
MEAA
MMIT
CMIT
MEAA
SMIT
MIT
SMIT
MIT MIT
MEAA
MC
MIT
MIT
MIT
MIT
MMIT
GENERATOR
MEAA
MEAA
MEAA
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43

66 kV BUS
Licensee A

Licensee A

33 kV BUS

Licensee B

Consumers

33 kV BUS

~
Captive / Co
Generation Plant
Distribution
415 V BUS
415 V feeder

33 kV BUS
66 kV SUB STATION Exhibit I/2
Power

11 kV BUS
MEAA
MEAA MEAA
MEAA
MEAA
MEAA
MEAA
MEAA
MEAA
MC
MIT
MIT
MC
MEAA
MEAA
MEAA
MEAA
MC
MIT
TRANSFORMER
MEAA
Outgoing
Outgoing feeders
33Kv and below
MMIT
CMIT
MEAA
Outgoing feeders

~
Bus
MMIT
CMIT
Small Generating units
/ Non Conventional /
Renewable source of
Generation

33 kV SUB STATION

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

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CEA: Regulations on Installation and Operation of Meters

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