CCB2012

HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT

Lecture 1
HSE MOVEMENT
THEN AND NOW
Dr Asna Mohd Zain
2
Lecture Content
Definitions
Importance of HSE
Historical Perspective of OSH
Development
Development of Accident Prevention
Development of Safety Organizations
HSE Movement Today
3
Definition
HEALTH
Mainly on physical health or mental health issues
related to workplace.
Can also be called as occupational health.
Example:
Ergonomics Hazard (physical health)
Stress (mental health)
4
SAFETY
Free from danger.
Concern with injury-causing situations and
hazards to humans that results from sudden
severe conditions.
Example:
Fire hazards
Temperature hazards
Definition
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ENVIRONMENT
The combination of all things, matters and
factors to the individual or population of
organisms in questions.
Example:
Work place environment
Outdoor environment
Definition
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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
Social, mental and physical well-being of
workers at work.
It aims to:
promote & maintain the highest degree of physical,
mental and social well-being of workers
prevent adverse effects on health caused by
working conditions
provide occupational environment adapted to
physical and mental needs
adaptation of work to human
Definition
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Why HSE is Important?
To prevent and eliminate the risk of injuries,
health hazards and damage to properties.
To identify steps towards the conservation
and preservation of the environment.
Minimize the unsafe act or unsafe conditioned
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Historical Perspective of OSH
Development
In the early state of our country
development, the economic structure depended
heavily on agricultural and mining based
activity.
The rapid developments taking place in the
Malaysian Industrialization program have
changed employment patterns to an increasing
emphasis on manufacturing and service sectors
of the economy.
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Positive/Good Points
HAND MADE ITEMS/TOOLS & PEOPLE/ANIMAL POWER
MASS PRODUCTION BY MACHINERIES & NEW METHODS
SPECIALIZATION OF WORK/WORKERS BECAME MORE
PRODUCTIVE
LIFE IMPROVED
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Negative/Bad Points
HARMFUL WORKING CONDITIONS/NEW
RISKS & DISEASES
POLLUTION INCREASED
CAPITALISTS EMPLOYED
WOMEN AND YOUNG
CHILDREN
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Various workplace accident from 1998-2002
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Reported industrial accidents from 1997 to mid 2002 statistic
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Fact and figure related to occupational
disease reported by DOSH - May 2014
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Development of safety &
health movement
GOVERNMENT RESPONSE
TRAGEDIES &
ACCIDENTS
ROLE OF
ORGANISED
LABOUR/UNION
SPECIFIC
HEALTH
PROBLEMS
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Malaysias Milestone in HSE Movement
1878 First Machinery Inspector is appointed
1892 Selangor Boiler Enactment
1953 The enactment of Machinery Ordinance/The birth of Machinery Dpt
1967 Factories and Machinery Act/Machinery Department expanded to
become Factories and Machinery Department (FMD)
1975 The enactment of Environmental Quality Act 1974/The formation of
Department of Environment
1992 Formation of National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH)
1994 Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 is adopted
FMD is transformed to Department of Occupational Safety and
Health (DOSH)
2000 Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals and Hazardous to
Health Regulations is operated.
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U
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Bhopal tragedy
Asbestos
menace
Hawk nest
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Development of HSE
programs
Early safety programs were based on the
Three Es of Safety.
Engineering - Design improvement in process &
product
Education/Research - Cultivate safety
awareness/habits, safety
training
Enforcement - Ensure compliance to law &
regulations by enforcement,
penalty
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Development of HSE
programs
Benefits:
Make the environment safe
Make the job safe
Make all employees do the job safely
Less compensation and medical bills
financial savings.
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Department of Occupational Safety and Health
(DOSH) is responsible for :
Ensuring the safety, health and welfare of
persons at work and;
Protections of other people from hazards arising
from the activities of persons at work in various
economic sector.
Development of safety
organisations
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Development of safety
organisations
National Institute Of Occupational Safety And
Health (NIOSH)
is the centre for training, consultancy,
information dissemination and research in
occupational safety and health in Malaysia.
Established in 1992 to spearhead the safety and
health culture at the workplace in Malaysia.
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Development of safety
organisations
Social Security Organisation (SOCSO) /
Pertubuhan Keselamatan Social (PERKESO)
is committed to ensure socio-economic security
of all working Malaysian citizens including their
dependants.
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Other related organisations
American Public Health Association
Bureau of Labor Statistics
US Consumer Product Safety Commission
National Safety Council
Environmental Protection Agency
Department of Environment
Department of Public Health
Ministry of Health
Ministry of Human Resource
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OSH situation in Malaysia
Study by MTUC (Malaysian Trades Union Congress)
Objective is to investigate:
Implementation of the OSH act 1994
OSH culture in workplaces
Heath & Safety situation in workplaces
Based on 226 respondents
1. Implementation of the OSH act 1994
No OSH policy = 26%
No implementation of OSH policy = 40.5%
No OSH committee = 32.4%
No workers rep. in OSH committee = 30.2%
OSH committee elected by employer only = 44.7%
OSH committee not effective = 52.3%
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OSH situation in Malaysia
2. OSH culture in workplaces
First aid system in place = 80.2%
PPE provided = 76% but 45.1% use them
Not informed about OSH matters = 31.3%
No general medical examination for
workers = 51.1%
3. Heath & Safety situation in workplaces
Fatal accidents happened = 23.7%
Workplace is not healthy = 43.5%
Undergo stress problem = 49.6%
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HSE Movement Today
Integrated approach to safety and health
Medical treatment for injured or ill workers
Regular monitoring of workers exposed to toxic
Qualified Doctor
HSE staff
Industrial Hygiene Chemist/Engineer,
Radiation Control Specialist,
Physicians, Psychologists,
Industrial Safety Engineer,
HSE executive, HSE manager.
Rapid growth in the profession -
Associate and Baccalaureate degree programmes in industrial
technology include industrial safety course
Engineering degree programs integrate HSE course
Colleges and Universities offer full degrees in HSE
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Some 80%to 90%of our students leave school each year to
join the labour pool and if they are safety conscious students,
they will also become safety conscious workers.
This will benefit themselves, their employers and society in
general when productivity is increased and unnecessary costs
and sufferings caused by industrial accidents will be
minimised,''
The Star, Wednesday, January 22, 2003
The HRs Ministry hold discussions with the Education
Ministry on ways to incorporate fun lessons'' on safety
and health standards in the school curriculum - Deputy
Minister Dr Abdul Latiff Ahmad .
Making safety issues fun to learn
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End of Lecture
Lesson learned life is
precious and cannot be
replaced
Summary:
Definition
The important of HSE
Historical perspective
of OSH
Development of HSE
program and
organisation
Approach to safety