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Battery Alarm 300

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Battery Alarm 300
Introduction
Substation battery installations are
required to provide not only dc
auxiliary supplies for protection and
control equipment, but also to
supply trip and close currents to
breakers under tripping conditions.
Monitoring of the performance of
the dc system is therefore
fundamental to the efficient
operation of the substation.
Figure 1: Battery Alarm 300
Battery Alarm 300 is designed to
provide comprehensive continuous
battery monitoring and to give local
and remote indication of alarm
conditions, including an impedance
alarm. This alarm is designed to
monitor the ability of the battery to
supply a large current for trip/close
requirements, failure of which could
result in extensive damage.
Early detection of such problems
using Battery Alarm 300 allows
effective maintenance to be
scheduled to help maintain the
integrity of the dc system.
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Product Features Customer Benefits
Monitors ability of battery to supply load current Ensures dc powered equipment such as critical
protection relays and SCADA systems remain
operative
Provides continuous in-service monitoring of the battery The need for time consuming and costly site visits and
battery servicing by maintenance engineers is
minimized
Batteries may remain safely in service after perceived
useful life has expired, thus reducing replacemen
costs
Over and Under voltage alarms Ensures battery charge is sufficient to support the
required voltage level
Ensures battery charger is performing correctly
High Impedance alarm Guards against high battery circuit impedance,
caused by corroded terminals or internal build-up of
plate deposits, which would prevent the battery from
supplying the required load current
Improves security of remote unmanned installations
against theft
Earth Fault alarm Protects against earth leakage which could prevent
the battery supplying sufficient load current and
would also result in increased charging costs
Fault indication LEDs and relay contacts Local and remote alarms to facilitate fast and
efficient fault diagnosis
Models available for each of seven standard Security of supply available for all dc powered
dc voltages up to 220V dc equipment
Wide voltage alarm setting ranges Suitable for all types of battery including lead-acid
and alkaline
Loss of supply volts indicated via drop-off of normally Battery Alarm does not require expensive
energised relay, providing self checking maintenance
Self-powered with minimal burden Easily retrofitted to existing installations
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Application
For substations it is important that
the security of the supply is
maintained. This means not only that
the battery voltage is within
required limits, but that earth
leakage and any latent faults in the
battery and connections will not
result in failure to initiate tripping
when a heavy current is demanded.
For external wiring diagram see
Figure 2.
Battery Alarm 300 has been
designed specifically for electrical
substation batteries and has become
a standard for many utilities both for
new installations and for retro-fit to
existing batteries. It is suitable for all
batteries with an internal impedance
exceeding 0.1.
For battery charger systems fitted
with capacitor filtered outputs, the
Battery Alarm requires a choke of
>2 mH to be fitted at the output of
the battery charger to ensure correct
operation of the high impedance
alarm (see Figure 2).
Warnings
Caution. Refer to the Operation
& Maintenance Manual (I9-100)
before installing, commissioning
or operating the equipment.
1 Installation, commissioning and
maintenance should only be
carried out by qualified
personnel.
2 Battery charger systems with an
inductive output element only,
should have a suitable load
connected, such as a battery,
during commissioning and
normal operation. This is to
avoid resonance of the output
inductor with the system
capacitance which may produce
damaging high peak output
voltages.
3 Terminations exposed during
installation and maintenance
may present a hazard unless the
equipment is electrically
isolated.
4 The equipment should only be
operated as intended eg. with
covers in place and the earth
conductor connected to maintain
the incorporated safety features.
Figure 2: External wiring diagram
Description
The Battery Alarm is designed for
flush panel mounting and
connection to the battery bus wiring.
This forms the source of supply for
the electronics and also enables the
device to monitor battery
performance.
The outputs provided are volt free
contacts from two separate relays.
The first, designated URGENT, is
normally energised and will
de-energise if the monitored
parameters deviate beyond preset
limits.
The second relay, designated
NON-URGENT, is normally
de-energised and will energise if the
monitored parameters deviate
beyond preset limits. Each relay
channel is fitted with a preset timer
which serves to inhibit alarms of a
transient nature. Each relay can be
configured to monitor any, or all, of
the battery parameters. Two sets of
changeover contacts are available
on each relay.
A version is available with both
relays designated Non-urgent.
Both relays are normally
de-energised and will energise if the
monitored parameters deviate
beyond preset limits.
The unit has six LED indicators so
that fault recognition is possible in
the event of a sustained fault.
These indicators display:
Power supply operative
Earth fault positive
Earth fault negative
High impedance
Over voltage
Under voltage
The window and front panel are cut
away to provide easy access to
three circuit adjustment
potentiometers for setting-up the
following:
High impedance trip level
Over voltage alarm point
Under voltage alarm point
High Impedance Alarm
The high impedance alarm circuit
monitors the ability of the battery,
together with the charger and
associated wiring, to provide a
heavy current pulse.
The impedance monitoring circuit
operates by drawing a series of
heavy current pulses (approx. 1A)
from the battery busbars. The values
of these pulses are stored and, if a
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succession of pulses is low, the
alarm will operate. The circuit is
driven by a low frequency oscillator
which gives a pulse rate of two per
second. The pulse duration is
approximately 50 microseconds.
The high impedance monitoring
circuit can be adjusted to monitor
battery impedances in the range of
0.1 to 5. It should be noted that
the resistance of the fuses and
connecting cables will have an
effect on the potentiometer setting.
Fuses should be rated at 2A and all
wiring should be kept as short and
direct as possible.
Voltage Alarm Level
Settings
The voltage levels specified will
depend on the operating conditions
of the battery installation and the
purpose for which the alarms are
required. However, the working
voltage range of the Battery Alarm
must be taken into account when
deciding on a specification.
The Battery Alarm power supply can
accommodate a maximum variation
of 80140% in the input from the
battery. The power supply is
generally designed to operate over
a voltage range from maximum
boost voltage down to a minimum
voltage below which a battery
would not normally be allowed to
deteriorate. The over and under
voltage alarm settings must be
within this range.
The adjacent figures can be used as
a guide to suitable settings.
High voltage cut-off facility
A high voltage cut-off facility is
achieved by routing the over
voltage alarm through the NON-
URGENT relay with a short time
delay setting eg. 2s and also
through the URGENT relay with a
longer time setting eg. 50s.
This provides a means of switching
off the charger or performing other
switching operations on detection of
a high voltage alarm condition.
A similar low voltage cut-off version
can also be provided.
Parameter (per cell) Lead acid Alkaline
Nominal volts 2.00 1.20
Max volts on boost 2.60 1.68
Working volts on charge 2.27 1.46
Minimum volts 1.85 1.00
Low alarm operation 2.14 1.32
High alarm operation 2.40 1.52
For example: For a 55-cell lead acid battery
Low alarm setting = 55 x 2.14 = 117.7V
High alarm setting = 55 x 2.40 = 132V
The over and under voltage alarm levels are adjustable (see technical
specification).
Note
The over and under voltage alarms have built-in hysteresis to prevent contact
chatter. This hysteresis (or pick up/drop off differential) will result in a high
alarm reset voltage of (0.995 x Vtrip) 0.5% and a low alarm reset voltage
of (1.005 x Vtrip) 0.5%.
Earth Fault Alarm
The earth terminal on the Battery
Alarm is connected to the case back
plate and also to the earth fault
circuit input.
A leakage path from either the
positive or the negative pole of the
battery to earth will cause a current
to flow in the input to the earth fault
circuit. If this current exceeds a
predetermined value, the earth fault
relay will operate and the relevant
LED will illuminate.
The earth fault trip level is preset
within the range 590k and is
symmetrical for both positive and
negative earth faults, irrespective of
battery voltage.
If either the positive or negative of
the battery is earthed, the Battery
Alarm 300 will indicate an earth
fault alarm. In the case when an
earth fault relay is already fitted,
then a Battery Alarm 300 model
without earth fault is recommended.
Alarm Indications and
Relay Outputs
A popular configuration for alarm
relay outputs is:
URGENT alarm for over voltage,
under voltage and high
impedance;
NON-URGENT alarm for earth
faults.
On detection of an over voltage,
under voltage or high impedance
fault, the associated panel LED will
light immediately. At this stage the
urgent alarm delay will start to time
out and, if the fault persists, the
urgent alarm relay will release after
the delay time.
On detection of an earth fault, the
associated panel led will light and
the NON-URGENT delay timer
(usually 1s for earth faults) will start.
The NON-URGENT relay will pick-
up when the timer times-out.
Each relay channel is fitted with a
timer and each channel can be
configured to monitor any of the
battery parameters.
Both relays have two sets of volt-free
changeover contacts which can be
used for local and remote alarms,
SCADA inputs etc.
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Technical Specifications
Battery voltage ranges
Battery voltages (VB) 24V, 30V, 32V, 48V, 50V, 60V,
110V, 125V, 220V.
Operating range 80140%VB
Burden 20mA nominal
Voltage alarm levels (adjustable)
Under voltage range 80110%VB
Over voltage range 105140%VB
Accuracy of setting 0.5%
Hysteresis on setting 0.5%
Earth leakage protection (preset)
Trip level range 5k to 90k
Accuracy of trip level 10%
Hysteresis on trip level 5%
Short circuit current <5mA
High impedance alarm (adjustable)
Setting range 0.1 5.0
Accuracy of setting 0.05
Hysteresis on setting 0.05
Temperature
Nominal range of use 20+60C
Reference temperature 23C
Temperature coefficient
Voltage alarms 0.006%/C
Earth leakage alarm 0.06%/C
Timer settings 0.06%/C
High impedance alarm <0.1 deviation in setting over
temperature range
Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89/336/EEC
Emissions standard EN 50081-2 1994 Industrial environment
Immunity standard EN 50082-2 1995 Industrial environment
(IEC 60801 parts 2, 3 and 4)
Susceptibility to Electrostatic
Discharge 8kV air discharge/4kV contact.
Warning: This specification applies when the front cover is fitted. If the
front cover is removed to gain access to the adjustment potentiometers then
appropriate ESD protection must be taken.
Low Voltage Directive 72/23/EEC
Designed to EN 61010-1 1993 safety requirements.
Timers
Alarm time delay settings 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128s
(other settings available on request)
Accuracy of setting 10% (0.25s)
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Output relays
URGENT alarm relay 2 changeover contacts
NON-URGENT alarm relay 2 changeover contacts
Contact ratings
Max. switching power 60W; 62.5VA
Max. switching voltage 220V dc; 250V ac
Max. switching current 2A
Max. carrying current 3A
Isolation 750Vrms across open contacts
Insulation resistance >100M at 500V dc
Miscellaneous
Series mode noise (ripple) 10%V
B
(pk-pk) 50120Hz
Common mode noise 100Vrms 4565Hz
Isolation 1kVrms between inputs and alarm
contacts
Impulse 5kV (1.2/50s) to IEC 60060-1/
BS923 and IEC 60255-5/BS5992-3
High frequency disturbance To IEC 60255-22-1/BS142
Section 1.5.1
Overload ratings 2 x V
B
continuous or 200V dc
whichever is lower
220V version 350V dc continuous
Humidity 093% +2% 3% RH
Terminals Barrier type M3.5
LED indications
Power on Green LED
Earth fault (positive) Red LED
Earth fault (negative) Red LED
High impedance Red LED
Over voltage Red LED
Under voltage Red LED
Fail to safety and power on
reset of Urgent alarm relay.
If the supply voltage falls below
66%VB for longer than 50ms, an
instantaneous URGENT alarm is
given. When the supply voltage
returns to above 66%VB, a power
on reset occurs after a time delay of
1 second.
Information Required
with Order
Nominal battery voltage
Battery type (eg lead acid, nickel
cadmium, etc.)
Number of cells
High and low voltage alarm points
Earth fault trip level
Relay alarm designations
(if different from configuration
shown on page 5)
Alarm time delays
Outline Dimensions
TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION Protection & Control, HQ, 60 Route de Sartrouville, BP58, 78230 Le Pecq Cedex, France
Tel: +33 (0) 134 80 79 00 Fax: +33 (0) 134 80 79 13 Email: protection.control@tde.alstom.com Internet: www.tde.alstom.com
2000 ALSTOM, ALSTOM, the ALSTOM logo and any alternative version thereof are trademarks and service marks of ALSTOM.
Other names mentioned, registered or not, are the property of their respective companies.
Our policy is one of continuous development. Accordingly the design of our products may change at any time. Whilst every effort is made to produce up to date literature, this brochure should
only be regarded as a guide and is intended for information purposes only. Its contents do not constitute an offer for sale or advice on the application of any product referred to in it.
We cannot be held responsible for any reliance on any decisions taken on its contents without specific advice. P
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