Academic Writing Sample Task 1

Academic Writing Sample Task 1 #80
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The bar chart below shows the estimated sales of jeans for two companies next year in
Turkey. The pie chart shows the projected market share of the two companies in jeans at the
end of next year.

Write a short report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.
Write at least 150 words.

model answer 1:
The bar chart shows the estimated sales of jeans in thousands of pairs for two companies in Turkey
next year.

It is anticipated that purchases of jeans at Mango Co. will rise from 150,000 pairs in January to
approximately 500,000 pairs in August, and will remain there until November. For December, sales
are expected to be in the region of 600,000 pairs.

Meanwhile, it is estimated that the sales of jeans for Jack & Jones Co. will begin the year at around
450,000 pairs in January, falling to about 250,000, before increasing to around 400,000 in June. For
the next two months until August, sales are forecast to remain steady at this level, after which they
are expected to rise steadily to hit a peak of approximately 900,000 pairs in December.

The pie chart shows that, at the end of next year, the anticipated market share for Mango Co. and
Jack & Jones Co. is 20% and 30% respectively.

As can be seen from the chart, the overall sales trends for both companies are forecast to be
upwards.
(178 words)
model answer 2:
The bar chart shows the predicted sales of jeans in thousands of pairs for two companies in Turkey;
Mango Co. and Jack & Jones Co. for next year.

The most striking feature is that sales will increase for both companies, It is anticipated that sales of
Jack & Jones Co. will start at 450,000 pairs in January decreasing by 200,000 pairs following month
with a gradual recover over the subsequent four months reaching 400,000 pairs in June. Those of
Jack & Jones Co. are predicted to be stable until August peaking up to 600,000 pairs in September
and October.

Sales of Jack & Jones will reach a peak of 900,000 in December, For those of Mango Co. is
forecasted a gradual increase with the largest sale of 600,000 pairs in December. In the beginning of
the next year those of Mango Co. will stand at 150,000 pairs falling back to 100,000 pairs in February,
rising steadily to 250,000 in June, In subsequent months sales will reach 450,000 pairs increasing to
500,000 pairs in August, staying stable until November,

Regarding the pie chart the sales of Jack & Jones Co. will share 30% of market whereas those of
Mango Co. 20%. 50% of market is set to be shared by other companies.
(211 words)
This answer would probably exceed Band 8

The table below shows the monthly expenditure of an average Australian family in 1991 and
2001.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.

1991 2001
Australian Dollar Per Month
Food 155 160
Electricity and Water 75 120
Clothing 30 20
Housing 95 100
Transport 70 45
Other goods and services* 250 270
Total 675 715
*Other goods and services: non-essential goods and services
model answer:
The table shows changes in the spending patterns of an average Australian household between 1999
and 2001. In general, Australian household spending was high in 2001 than in 1991 but the difference
was not significant (AUD $715 per month and AUD $675 per month respectively).

The amount of monthly spending on electricity and water saw a dramatic increase over the 10-year
period from $75 to $120. Yet in terms of the expenditure on non-essential goods and services, the
rising trend was less obvious with a minor increase of $20. At the same time, the amount of money
spent on food and housing rose only slightly from $155 to $160 and $95 to $100 respectively.

However, there was a decrease in expenditure on the other two items. Australians spent one third
less on clothing, which fell from $30 to $20. Similarly, expenditure on transport dropped from $70 in
1991 to $45 in 2001.

It seems that food and other goods and services were the two biggest items of expenditure.
Altogether, they accounted for more than half of the total household spending. By comparison,
Australians spent little on dressing up.
(188 words)
The pie charts below show electricity generation by source in New Zealand and Germany in
1980 and 2010.


Electricity Generation by Source in New Zealand

Electricity Generation by Source in Germany

model answer:
The charts compare the sources of electricity in New Zealand and Germany in the years 1980 and
2010. Between these years, electricity generation almost doubled, rising from 127 units to 200 in New
Zealand, and from 107 to 214 units in Germany.

In 1980 New Zealand used coal as the main electricity source (56 units) and the remainder was
produced from natural gas, hydro power (each producing 30 units) and petroleum (which produced
only 11 units). By 2010, coal had become the fuel for more than 75% of electricity produced and only
hydro continued to be another significant source supplying approximately 20%.

In contrast, Germany used coal as a source for only 28 units of electricity in 1980, which was matched
by natural gas. The remaining 49 units were produced largely from petroleum and nuclear power, with
hydro contributing only 7 units. But by 2010 nuclear power, which was not used at all in New Zealand,
had developed into the main source, producing almost 75% of electricity, at 155 units, while coal and
petroleum together produced only 55 units. Other sources were no longer significant.

Overall, it is clear by 2010 these two countries relied on different principal fuel sources: New Zealand
relied on coal and Germany on nuclear power.
(210 words)

The graph below shows the changes in maximum number of Asian elephants between 1994
and 2007.


model answer:
The graph shows the estimated maximum population of elephants in a range of Asian countries in
both 1997 and 2004.

In most of the countries included in the graph, the population fell. This was most noticeable in
Malaysia and Thailand, where the number of elephants was thought to be less than half the figure in
1997. In the former, the number of elephants dropped as low as 1000. India remained the country
with by far the largest elephant population, but experienced a dramatic fall in numbers so that in 2004
there may have been as few as 7500. Despite its size, China had a very small population of at most
500 elephants by 2004.

Although the trend was downwards overall, elephant populations were thought to have remained
stable in Laos and Vietnam at approximately 1200. The only country where elephants showed signs
of recovering was Cambodia, where numbers may have risen by up to 200.
(155 words)

The chart below shows the GDP growth per year for three countries between 2007 and 2010.


model answer:
The chart shows the annual GDP growth for three countries from 2007 to 2010. By the year 2007 the
figure for Tunisia was by far the highest at close to 6.3% per annum.
This figure is double that of Ecuador and three times that of Japan on a global level.

However by 2008 this trend has changed considerably; the Japanese doubled their annual GDP over
this period and there was also an increase in the GDP of Ecuador, while Tunisia fell to 4.5% per year.
In 2009 and 2010, the downward trend for Tunisia continued falling to a low of 3% at the end of this
period.

For Ecuador, the GDP fell sharply to just under 1.5% in the year 2009 and rose only slightly in 2010 to
2.3%. ON the other hand, for Japan, the GDP figure rose significantly throughout this time and by the
year 2010 had more than matched the GDP figures for Tunisia of the year 2007.
(162 words)

Adjective or Adverb?

Complete the answer by filling the gaps with an adverb or adjective from the box below.

dramatic dramatically impressive impressively
slight slightly steady steadily
sharp sharply steep steeply

The world population grew dramatically between 1960 and 2000.

The world population experienced a dramatic growth between 1960 and 2000.

European City Tourism showed an impressive growth of 50% for three consecutive years from 2006
to 2008.

European City Tourism grew impressively by 50% for three consecutive years from 2006 to 2008.

Diesel consumption showed a slight increase between 2010 and 2011.

Diesel consumption increased slightly between 2010 and 2011.

Consumption of chocolate fell steadily between 1970 and 2010.

There was a steady fall in consumption of chocolate between 1970 and 2010.

Worldwide sales of CD-ROM drives climbed steeply during the first half of the year before falling
sharply in August.

There was a steep climb in worldwide sales of CD-ROM drives during the first half of the year before
a sharp fall in August.

The chart below shows the percentage of total US population aged 65 and over between 1900
and 2000.


model answer:
The chart shows the percentage of total population aged 65 and over in the U.S. between 1900 and
2000. In the year 1900 just over 4% of the population was aged over 65. However, by 1960 this figure
had doubled.

The number of people aged between 75 and 84 remained fairly steady between 1900 and 1930,
making up only 1-1.3% of the population. The figure began to rise more significantly in 1940 and by
1970 it had tripled to reach 3% of the population.

Although there was no change in the number of people aged 65 -74 between 1960 and 1970, the
number of people aged 75 and over increased during this time. By the year 2000, 12.4% of the US
population had reached the age of 65 or more, although this was slightly lower than in 1990 when it
peaked at 12.6%.

The chart shows that today people in the U.S. can expect to live longer than in 1900. By the year
2000 more than 12% of the population had managed to live to the age of 65 and over compared to
only 4.1% in 1900.
(187 words)
The chart below shows male and female fitness membership between 1970 and 2000.


model answer:
The chart shows male and female fitness membership over a thirty-year period. The vertical axis
represents the number of members. The horizontal axis represents the period from 1970 to 2000.

Overall, the chart indicates that there were greater fluctuations in fitness membership among men
than among women. The number of male members started the period at just over two thousand and
reached highs of four thousand in 1975 and five thousand around 1995. The lowest rates were in
1985 and more recently in 2000 when the rate dipped as low as one thousand.

Female fitness membership began lower at one thousand, doubled by 1975, and then fluctuated
between two and three thousand for the remainder of the period. When male rates were at their
lowest, female rates were higher. This was particularly true in 1985 when over three thousand women
held fitness membership.

In brief, there were marked differences in rates of male and female fitness memberships in the period
covered.
(161 words)

Complete the answer by filling the gaps with a word or phrase from the box below.
steadily hovering trend meanwhile
rocketed fluctuated peak plummeted
period

The chart shows the average daily viewing figures for Channel One News over a 12-month period.
The figure for the 1pm News remained fairly stable, hovering at around 1.3 million throughout the
year. The figure for the 6pm News began the year at 4.8 million. It fluctuated, but the general trend
was downwards, and it ended the year at 3.4 million.

The figure for the 9:30 News gradually increased from 3.2 million viewers per day in January to a
peak of 3.8 million in May. However, this month saw the introduction of the 11pm News, and the
figure for the 9:30 News plummeted, hitting a low-point of 1.1 million in August. In the same period,
the figure for the 11pm news rocketed from 0.2 million to 4.1 million. At this point, the trend reversed.
From August onwards, the figure for the 9:30 news grew steadily, reaching 3 million by the end of the
year. Meanwhile, the figure for the 11pm News declined sharply, and in December fell below the 1
million mark.
The chart below shows information about the challenges people face when they go to live in
other countries.


model answer:
The chart shows the challenges people face when they settle in a new country and how the
challenges vary according to peoples ages.

The most challenging aspect for young people aged 18 to 34 is making new friends, a problem
experienced by 46% of the people in this age group. However, only 36% of 35 - 54 year olds find it
hard to make friends, while even fewer people over 55 (23%) have this problem.

54% of the older age group finds learning the local language the biggest obstacle when settling. In
comparison, the youngest age group finds this easier, and the percentage of people who have
problems learning the language is much lower, at only 29%.

In contrast to their language-learning difficulties, only 22% of people in the oldest age group have
trouble finding accommodation. However, this is the second most significant problem for the other two
age groups with 39% to 40% of the people in each group finding it hard.

In general, all age groups experience the same problems to some extent, but people over the age of
55 reported that they face markedly fewer challenges settling in a new country than their younger
respondents.
(198 words)
The charts A and B show the share of the UK and Australian cinema market in 2001 and cinema
admission in the UK and Australia from 1976 to 2006.

Write a report for a university lecture describing the information shown below.

You should write at least 150 words.

Sources: Admission data: BFI, Motion Picture Distributors Association of Australia (MPDAA).

Vocabulary in the report
Read this sample report and fill each space by choosing one of the words in the box.
accounted
compared
dropped
stood
fell
increased
opposed
predominated
recovered
Chart (A) shows the cinema industrys share of the Australian and UK cinema market by origin in
2001. In both countries, films made in the United States predominated with 77% of the market in the
UK compared to 67% in Australia. UK films accounted for 21% of the UK cinema market and 6% of
the Australian market. On the other hand, while 11% of the films shown in Australia were Australian,
no Australian films were shown in the UK. Films from other countries had 16% of the market share in
Australia as opposed/compared to just 2% in the UK.

Chart (B) shows cinema admissions in the UK and Australia since 1976. In both countries cinema
admissions dropped/fell in the early 1980s. In Australia admissions fell/dropped from just under 40
million in 1980 to about 30 million in 19846 while in the UK the decrease was far more dramatic
(from 100 million in 1980 to less than 60 million in 1984). Since then, however, the industry has
recovered in both countries. In 2001, cinema admissions in the UK stood at over 150 million,
whereas in Australia they reached 90 million.

Overall, the charts show that the cinema has increased in popularity in both countries over the last 15
years, but that the origins of the films projected in Australia are more diverse than in the UK.

The graph below shows the demand for electricity in England during typical
days in winter and summer. The pie chart shows how electricity is used in an
average English home.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and
make comparisons where relevant.

model answer:
The Demand for electricity in England during typical days in winter and summer is
illustrated in the graph. The use of electricity in an average English home is shown in the
pie chart. From the graph it is generally obvious that the demand is in its maximum
around 2100 in winter times and in its minimum around 400 being almost constant
between 1200 and 2100 in winter times. During summer times on the other hand the
demand reaches its top point around 1300 and the bottom point around 900 being
almost constant between 1550 and 2000.

In wither times the curve gradually increases to reach 40000 units of electricity by 3
oclock in the morning. This is followed by gradual decline to its lowest limit of 30000
units at 9 oclock. A gradual rise is obvious again to reach a stationary level between 3
oclock and 9 oclock of about 40000 units again. Then there is a sharp rise in the next
hour to reach its maximum before collapsing again to a lower level by the end of the
day.

In summer time the curve gradually decrease to reach its lower limit around 9 oclock of
a bit more that 10000 units. A gradual increase is noticed to reach its top of 20000 after
which a stationary phase is obvious between 3 oclock and 10 oclock at night of about
15000 units.

The pie chart on the other hand shows that 52.5% of the electricity is used for heating
rooms and water. 17.5% is consumed for ovens kettles and washing machines 15% is
used in lighting TV and radio and finally 15% is consumed in the sue of vacuum cleaners
food mixtures and electric tools.
(285 words)

The chart below shows the number of girls per 100 boys enrolled in different
levels of school education.

Write a short report for a university lecturer describing the information shown
below.You should write at least 150 words.

model answer:
The chart shows the number of female students per 100 male students in primary,
secondary and tertiary education.

On Average, more boys than girls were enrolled in school both in 1990 and 1998 in all
the countries, except in tertiary education in developed countries. The number of girls
per 100 boys was bigger in 1998 than in 1990 in the two country groups and in all the
educational stages.

Turning to the detail, there were more boys than girls in primary and secondary
education. As can be seen, developing countries saw a bigger discrepancy between the
numbers of male and female students than developed countries, with the number of girls
per 100 boys at 83 in 1990 and 87 in 1998 in primary education.

However, in developed countries, the balance of the two was much closer to the ideal,
particularly in secondary education, with 98 girls per 100 boys in 1990 and 99 in 1998.

Regarding tertiary education, the balance was even worse than in any other levels of
education in developing countries with 66 girls enrolled for every 100 boys in 1990 and
75 in 1998. On the other hand, in developing countries, the number of girls overtook
that of boys at 105 per 100 boys in 1990 and 112 in 1998. (213 words)
The graph below shows the unemployment rates in the US and Japan between
March 1993and March 1999.

Write a short report for a university lecturer describing the information shown
below.

model answer:
According to the results of the labor-force research published recently, the following
conclusions can be drawn from it:

In March, 1993, United States had seven percent of their workforce which might not
seem disastrous until compared with Japan, where 2.5% were unemployed. However,
the unemployment rate in United States began declining slowly since March 1993, and
reached 5% mark in the middle of 1996. Japan turned out to be less lucky, as their
unemployment rate doubled in three years. From then on, the percentage of
unemployed workforce in United States remained roughly the same about 5% until
March 99, although there were minor falls and rises in the unemployment rate.

As for Japan, the percentage of unemployed fell rapidly by 0.50.6% after March 1996,
but from summer 1996 and onwards it grew steadily and without any falls to reach 5.0%
boundary in March 1999.

The major conclusion that Ive drawn using the graph, is that number of unemployed in
USA decreased by about 2.0% in the course of six years, while in Japan it actually
increased by 2.5% percent. As a result, in March 99, both Japan and US had about 5%
of their work force unemployed.
(198 words)
EXAMINERS EXPLANATION

Band 7

This is a good account of the information presented in the graph, although occasionally the
organisation of the data is slightly unusual. The writer grasps all the key points, however, and
supports these with figures, before providing a summary of the main points. Sentence structures are
more than adequate, although the writer has some problems with the use of tenses and prepositions.
There are minor examples of unsuitable register (e.g. turned out, disastrous, and one contracted
verb form), but as there are only a few instances of this, the candidate has not been penalised.

The tables below give information about the amount of beer and fruit juice consumed per
person per year in different countries.

Beer
Country Amount*
1 Ireland 155 litres
2 Germany 119 litres
3 Austria 106 litres
4 Belgium 98 litres
5 Denmark 98 litres
6 United Kingdom 97 litres
7 Australia 89 litres
8 United States 85 litres
9 Netherlands 80 litres
10 Finland 79 litres

Fruit juice
Country Amount*
1 Canada 52.6 litres
2 United States 42.8 litres
3 Germany 38.6 litres
4 Austria 37.3 litres
5 Sweden 35.5 litres
6 Australia 34.4 litres
7 Finland 33 litres
8 United Kingdom 29.3 litres
9 Netherlands 28.1 litres
10 New Zealand 24.8 litres

*Litres per person per year
model answer:
The tables show the amount of beer and fruit juice consumed per person per year in countries around
the world. Beer is most popular in Ireland, with the average Irish drinking 155 litres per year. Germany
ranks second with 119 litres per person. In fact, the top six countries in terms of consumption of beer
are all European. Australia and The United States come next in seventh and eighth positions, with
Netherland and Finland consuming the least beer of the countries mentioned. Finnish people only
drink an average of 79 litres of beer a year.

The country which consumes by the greatest quantity of fruit juice per capita is Canada. Canadians
drink an average of 52.6 litres each a year, thats almost double the consumption of New Zealand,
which is placed at the bottom of the table. Another North American country, The United States, come
second in the table, while German drinkers are ranked at number three, consuming an average of
38.6 litres annually. Swedes drink approximately the same quantity of fruit juice as Australians, which
is 35.5 litres per year. The Finnish and the British drink 33 and 29.3 litres per year respectively.
(194 words)
The graph below shows radio and television audiences throughout the day in 1992.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.

model answer 1:
The graph shows the percentage of audiences over 4 yes old of UK follows the radio and television
throughout the day during the period October-December 1992. It has been observed from the graph
that less than 10% audiences follows the radio at 6:00 am and the percentage raised to a pick around
30% at 8AM and decline gradually to around 10% during the period 200 to 400 Pm and again raised
a bi t to around 12% between 400 to 600 PM. It then again dropped to below 10% at around 10PM.
The rate again raised to a bit between 1000 PM to 1200 PM and then dropped slowly by 400 AM. On
the other hand, the rate of television audiences raises 0-10% during the period 600 to 800 am and
remain steady up to 1 0AM and then gradually goes down by 1200 noon. The percentage raised
dramatically to around 15% by 200 noon. The percentage raised dramatically goes down by 1200
noon. The percentage raised dramatically to around 15% by 200 PM which again raised to a pick
above 40% between 600-800 PM and then gradually dropped between the period 1200 PM to 400
AM.
(197 words)


Band 6

The answer has an appropriate introduction which the candidate has attempted to express in his/her
own words. There is good coverage of the data and a brief reference to contrasting trends. The
answer can be followed although it is rather repetitive and cohesive devices are overused. In order to
gain a higher mark for content, the candidate would be expected to select the salient features of the
graph and comment primarily on these. Sentences are long but lack complexity. There are some
errors in tense, verb form and spelling which interfere slightly with the flow of the answer.
model answer 2:
The blue graph shows the television audiences throughout the day. It shows that the percentage of
audiences is three percent in early morning but it gradually rises unto ten percent at 8:00 am and
maintains the same for the next two hours. There is a slight fall in percentage in next two hours
however after that it raises sharp unto twenty percent within the next two hours. After this the graph
rises very fast and attains its peak at 10 pm which is about forty five percent. The graph gradually falls
down and at 2:00 am it is at five percent. The red graph shows the percentage for radio audiences.
Unlike the television one the peak percentage of the radio audiences is at 8:00 am which is about 30
percent. Then it gradually falls and it corresponds with the television one at two pm. After that it
gradually falls but with a small increase in percentage at 4:30 to 6:00 pm. The percentage of audience
then gradually goes down and at four AM it is the lowest which is near 2 percent. These graphs prove
the progressive popularity of television.
(191 words)

Band 7

The answer deals well with both the individual media trends and the overall comparison of these
trends. The opening could be more fully developed with the inclusion of information relating to the
groups studied and the period of time during which the study took place. There is a good variety of
cohesive devices and the message can be followed quite easily although the expression is sometimes
a little clumsy. Structures are complex and vocabulary is varied but there are errors in word forms,
tense and voice though these do not impede communication.

The chart below shows the number of men and women in further education in Britain in three
periods and whether they were studying fulltime or part-time.


model answer 1:
The bar chart illustrates how many males and females have studied in full-time and part-time
education in the following years: 1970 to 1971, 1980 to 1981 and 1990 to 1991.

It is clear that in all three time periods more people of both sexes were involved in part-time education
than fulltime. Overall the number of men in fulltime education rose from approximately 100 thousand
to 200 thousand, whereas the number of men in part-time education was lower in the early nineties
than twenty years earlier.

As far as women are concerned, the numbers increased in both sectors of education. The number of
part-time female students increased dramatically from 700 thousand to 1.2 million in the twenty year
period. The amount of women in fulltime education went up more gradually from 100 thousand in
1971 to just over 200 thousand in 1991. This was similar the increase for fulltime male students.

To sum up, the number of women in both sectors increased significantly while it seems that the rate of
men entering part-time education decreased a little and was fluctuating.
(179 words)
model answer 2:
This is a bar chart of the number of men and women in further education in Britain in three periods. In
1970, Most of Men were studying part-time but from 1980, studying part-time as decreased and
studying full-time was increased and in 1990, it was twice as many students as in 1970. On the other
hand, Women studying Full-time were increased and not only Full-time, part-time also were
increased. In 1990, studying full-time was three times as many students as in 1970. If compare Men
and Women, as you see, in 1970, Men were studying more than women full-time or part-time but it
changed from 1980 and then, in 1990, Women were studying part-time more than Men and studying
full-time was same number.

It shows you women has a high education now.
(132 words)

Band 5

The length of the answer is just acceptable. There is a good attempt to describe the overall trends
but the content would have been greatly improved if the candidate had included some reference to
the figures given on the graph. Without these, the reader is lacking some important information. The
answer is quite difficult to follow and there are some punctuation errors that cause confusion. The
structures are fairly simple and efforts to produce more complex sentences are not successful.
model answer 3:
According to this graph, the number of men and women in farther education in Britain shows that
following pattern.
In the case of male, the number of male has declined slightly from about 100 thousands in 1970/71 to
about 850 thousands in 1990/91. However, this figure rose back to about 850 thousands in 1990/91
from about 820 thousands in 1980/81. The proportion of full-time education has declined during this
period. However, the proportion of part-time education has increased dramatically.
On the other hand, in the case of female, the number of both full-time education and part-time
education has increased during the period.
From about 700 thousands in 1970/71, these figures rose to about 820 thousands in 1980/81, to
about 1100 thousands in 1990/91.
In terms of full-time education, this figure rose by about 260 to about 900 in 1990/91.
On the other hand, with respect to part-time education, this figure rose dramatically between 1980/81
and 1970/71. However this figure rose slightly between 1980/81 and 1990/91.
(165 words)

Band 6

The candidate has made a good attempt to describe the graphs looking at global trends and more
detailed figures. There is, however, some information missing and the information is inaccurate in
minor areas. The answer flows quite smoothly although connectives are overused or inappropriate,
and some of the points do not link up well. The grammatical accuracy is quite good and the language
used to describe the trends is well-handled. However, there are problems with expression and the
appropriate choice of words and whilst there is good structural control, the complexity and variation in
the sentences are limited.
The chart below shows the proportions of the worlds oil resources held in different areas,
together with the proportions consumed annually in the same areas.


model answer:
The charts shows the oil resources held, together with the proportions consumed within the same
area each year, in different areas of the world.

It is obvious that the region holding the most oil resources is the Middle East, with 56.52%, over a half
of total world oil resources while in the United States and Asia, the level of oil consumed each year is
for more away from the oil resources they hold. The percentage of total world oil consumption of
United States and Asia are 25.48% and 26.21% respectively. They are the highest oil consumption
region in the world.

Another place that is worth mentioned will be the Western Europe. With about twenty percent of total
world oil consumption, the Western Europe merely holds less than 1.5% of the oil resources in the
World.

Regions that are not mentioned above have the close percentage between oil holding and consuming
whereas Canada has the highest level of oil holding than consuming, the respective figures are
14.84% and 2.48%.

Overall, the charts suggest that Middle East is the only majority at oil resources held, while Asia,
United States and western have the highest level at oil resources imported.
(197 words)

Band 5.5

This response describes the main points of the bar graphs and provides a summary of their most
significant features. However, the figures are not well selected to support or highlight the key features,
there are some minor inaccuracies, and details are missing, with only half of the countries on the
graphs being mentioned. There is an overall progression to the response, though the middle section
could have been structured more clearly and coherently by use of linkers. There are no errors in
spelling, but this accuracy is achieved by staying within a limited range of vocabulary, and by relying
on repetition of the phrases supplied on the question paper. Grammatical errors occur but are not
frequent or serious enough to affect communication, and there is a range of sentence types which
includes some complex structures.


The chart shows the division of household tasks by gender in Great Britain.

Source: Office for National Statistics on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
Study these three sentences and then write three similar sentences about other parts of the
chart.

1 Women spend over twice as much time doing kitchen tasks as men.
2 Men spend 30 minutes a day doing kitchen tasks whereas / while women spend 74 minutes a day.
3 Women are more active in the kitchen than men (74 minutes a day for women as opposed to 30
minutes for men).
Sample Report
Look at the following sample answer to the writing task.
Write a word in each space.

The chart shows the average number of minutes per day men and women in Great Britain spend on
jobs around the house.

In total, men spend just over two-and-a-half hours on household tasks whereas women spend slightly
less than four hours. Women spend more than twice as much time doing kitchen tasks such as
cooking and washing up as men (74 minutes for women as opposed to 30 minutes for men. Women
are also more active in cleaning the house- it takes 58 minutes of their day compared to / with 13
minutes for men - and childcare, where women put in more than twice as much time as men.

On the other hand, men are more active in gardening and pet care, where they spend twice as long
as women, and maintenance and DIY, on which they spend 15 minutes more than women. Women
account for almost all the time spent on washing and ironing clothes. This takes them 25 minutes,
while / whereas men spend just 2 minutes on this task.

Overall the figures show that women spend more time on routine domestic chores than men, while /
whereas men do more household maintenance, gardening and pet care.

The chart shows student expenditure over a three-year period in the United Kingdom.
Student expenditure (aged under 26 in higher education) United Kingdom*

Percentage of total expenditure
(1) includes non-essential consumer items and credit repayments
* Source: Student Income and Expenditure Survey. Department for Education and Employment.
Study these three sentences and then write three similar sentences about other parts of the
chart.

1 During the period 1996 to 1999, student spent 3% less on accommodation, which fell from 23% to
20% of total expenditure.
2 There was a 3% decrease in spending on accommodation, which fell from 23% to 20%.
3 Spending on accommodation went down by 3% from 23% to 20%.
Using prepositions
Complete the following sample report by putting a preposition in each space.

The chart shows the changes which took place in student spending in the United Kingdom
during/over the three-year period from 1996 to 1999.

Students spent 3% less on accommodation, which fell from 23% to 20% of total expenditure, and
there was a 2% decrease in spending on food, bills and household goods, which fell from 20% to
18%. At the same time course expenditure went down by 3% from 10% to 7%. Children, who
constituted 1% of students' expenditure in 1996, are not represented in 1999.

On the other hand, there was a 5% growth in spending on entertainment, which stood at 26% of total
expenditure in 1996 but rose to 31% in 1999. Spending on other non-essential items and credit
repayments grew by 4% to make up 16% of total expenditure. Spending on essential travel went up
by 3% while non-essential travel underwent a 1% fall.

Overall, with the exception of expenditure on travel, the most significant general change was a shift
from/in spending on essential items to spending on non-essential items

The two graphs show the main sources of energy in the USA in the 1980s and the 1990s.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the changes which occurred.

model answer:
The two graphs show that oil was the major energy source in the USA in both 1980 and 1990 and that
coal, natural gas and hydroelectric power remained in much the same proportions. On the other hand,
there was a dramatic rise in nuclear power, which doubled its percentage over the ten years.

Oil supplied the largest percentage of energy, although the percentage decreased from 42% in 1980
to 33% in 1990. Coal in 1990 was the second largest source of energy, increasing its proportion to
27% from 22% in the previous decade. Natural gas, the second largest source in 1980 at 26%,
decreased its share very slightly to provide 25% of Americas energy ten years later. There was no
change in the percentage supplied by hydroelectric power which remained at 5% of the total energy
used. Nuclear power the greatest change: in 1990 it was 10%, twice that of the 1980s.
(152 words)

The graph below shows the differences in wheat exports over three different areas.


model answer:
The three graphs of wheat exports each show a quite different pattern between 1985 and 1990.
Exports from Australia declined over the five-year period, while the Canadian market fluctuated
considerably, and the European Community showed an increase.

In 1985, Australia exported about 15 millions of tonnes of wheat and the following year the number
increased by one million tonnes to 16 million. After that, however, there was a gradual decline until
1989 and 1990 when it stabilised at about 11 million tonnes. Over the same period, the amount of
Canadian exports varied greatly. It started at 19 million tonnes in 1985, reached a peak in 1988 of 24
million, dropped dramatically in 1989 to 14 million tonnes and then climbed back to 19 million in 1990.
Seventeen million tonnes were exported from the European Community in 1985, but this decreased to
14 million tonnes in 1986 and then rose to 15 million in 1987 and 1988 before increasing once more
to 20 million in 1990.
(165 words)

The flowchart illustrates the production of coloured plastic paper clips in a small factory.

Write a report for a university tutor describing the production process.

model answer:
There are four main stages in the production of plastic paper clips from this small factory. Two of
these stages involve actual preparation of the clips, while the other two consist of quality control
before the clips are sent out from the factory to the retailers to be sold to the public.

To begin with, molten plastic is poured into three different moulds depending on the colour required;
the colours are red, blue and yellow. Once these clips emerge from the moulds a quality control
machine checks them for strength. Unsatisfactory clips are rejected. In the third stage in the process
the clips are stored by hand into two groups, mixed and single colours. When this stage is complete
the groups are checked a second time to ensure that the colour mixtures are divided correctly into
single colours and mixed colour batches. Finally, the clips are packed and dispatched to the
markets.(152 words)
The table below gives information about Favorite Pastimes in different countries.


From 30 - 50 years old

TV Sport Reading Hobbies Music Beach Sleep
Canada 60 22 15 40 3 0 2
France / / 30 20 4 / /
England / / 30 21 4 / 20
Australia 65 30 15 45 5 30 4
Korea 22 21 60 45 2 2 4
China 15 25 60 50 0 5 5
USA 60 23 15 42 23 30 2
Japan / / 62 / / / /
model answer:
This table clearly presents and compares favorable pastimes in eight different countries. The
pastimes, across the top of the table, are analyzed in relation to each country.

As can be seen, about 60% of Canadians, Australians and Americans like watching television. On the
other hand, this figure is quite low for China where only 15% of people watch television. Predictably,
Americans like music at 23%, whereas only 2 to 5% of people in the other countries feel the same
way. 20% of people in England enjoy sleeping as a pastime whereas in Canada and the USA, for
example, the figure is only 2%. Interestingly, the Chinese like hobbies the most at 50%, as opposed to
only 20% in France. It isnt surprising that the highest percentage of beach-lovers is in Australia and
the USA at 30%.

It seems that pastimes of people of different nationalities may be influenced by a number of factors
such as the socio-economic situation or the climate. These factors influence cultural differences
between different nationalities and make cross-cultural experiences more interesting.
(175 words)


model answer:
In this analysis we will examine three pie charts. The first one is headed World Spending. The
second is World Population and the third is Consumption of Resources.

In the first chart we can see that people spend most of their income (24%) on food. In some countries
this percentage would obviously be much higher. Transport and then housing are the next major
expenses at 18% and 12% respectively. Only 6% of income is spent on clothing.

In the second chart entitled World Population, it is not surprising to find that 57% of people live in
Asia. In fact China and India are two of the most populated countries in the world and they are both
situated on this continent. Europe and the Americans account for nearly 30% of the total, whilst 10%
of people live in Africa.

Finally, the third chart reveals that the USA and Europe consume a huge 60% of the worlds resource.

To sum up, the major expenditure is on food, the population figures are the highest for Asia and the
major consumers are the USA and Europe.(182 words)
The graph and table below give information about water use worldwide and water
consumption in two different countries.


Country Population Irrigated land Water consumption per person
Brazil 176 million 26,500 km 359 m
Democratic
Republic
of Congo
5.2 million 100 km 8 m
model answer:
The graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between 1900 and 2000.

Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for agricultural Purposes, and this
increased dramatically from about 500 km to around 3,000 km in the year 2000. Water used in the
industrial and domestic sectors also increased, but consumption was minimal until mid-century. From
1950 onwards, industrial use grew steadily to just over 1,000 km, while domestic use rose more
slowly to only 300 km, both far below the levels of consumption by agriculture.

The table illustrates the differences in agriculture consumption in some areas of the world by
contrasting the amount of irrigated land in Brazil (26,500 km) with that in the D.R.C. (100 km). This
means that a huge amount of water is used in agriculture in Brazil, and this is reflected in the figures
for water consumption per person: 359 m compared with only 8 m in the Congo. With a population
of 176 million, the figures for Brazil indicate how high agriculture water consumption can be in some
countries.(180 words)

The diagram below shows how a central heating system in a house works.


model answer:
This diagram provides an overview of a domestic central heating system. It shows how the tank,
boiler and pipes ensure a constant flow of hot waterto both the radiators and the taps.

The cold water enters the house and is stored in a water storage tank in the roof. From there flows
down to the boiler, located on the ground floor of the house.

The boiler, which is fuelled by gas or oil, heats up the water as it passes through it. The hot water is
then pumped round the house through a system of pipes and flows into the radiators, located in
different rooms. The water circulates through the radiators, which have small tubes inside them to
help distribute the heat, and this warms each of the rooms. Some of the water is directed to the taps
to provide hot water for the house.

Once the water has been through the pipes and radiators, it is returned to the boiler to be re-heated
and circulated round the house again.
Introduction: First sentence. Overview: Second sentence.

Key features: Entry of cold water into boiler; circulation of hot waterto radiators and taps; return of
waterto boiler.

Supporting information: direction of flow; types of boiler; location of radiators; radiator tubes

Paragraph breaks: The paragraph breaks mark stages in the process.

Linkers: and, from there, then, once, again Reference words: it, both, there, which, this

Topic vocabulary: enters, stored, roof, flows, ground floor, located, passes, pumped, system,
circulates, heat, directed, returned, re-heated

Less common vocabulary: ensure, fuelled by, heats up, distribute the heat, warms

Structures: An appropriate mix of active and passive structures and a range of sentence types are
used.

Length: 172 words


The graph below gives information about the preferred leisure activities of Australian
children.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown.

model answer:
The graph shows the preferred leisure sctivities of Australian children aged 5-14. As might be
expected, it is clear from the data that sedentary pursuits are far more popular nowadays than active
ones.

Of the 10,000 children that were interviewed, all the boys and girls stated that they enjoyed watching
TV or videos in their spare time. In addition, the second most popular activity, attracting 80% of boys
and 60% of girls, was playing electronic or computer games. While girls rated activities such as art
and craft highly just under 60% stated that they enjoyed these in their spare time only 35% of
boys opted for creative pastimes. Bike riding, on the other hand, was almost as popular as electronic
games amongst boys and, perhaps surprisingly, almost 60% of girls said that they enjoyed this too.
Skateboarding was relatively less popular amongst both boys and girls, although it still attracted 35%
of boys and 25% of girls.
(157 words)


The table below provide information on rental charges and salaries in three areas of London.


Weekly rents per property (/w)

Salaries needed (/year)
Area
Notting Hill
Regent's Park
Fulham

1 bed 2 bed 3 bed
375 485 738
325 450 650
215 390 600

1 bed 2 bed 3 bed
98,500 127,500 194,000
85,500 118,000 170,500
56,500 102,500 157,500

model answer:
The table shows two sets of related information: the relative cost, in pounds, of renting a property
with one, two or three bedrooms in three different suburbs of London and an indication of the kind of
annual salary you would need to be earning to rent in these areas.

Of the three areas mentioned, Notting Hill is the most expensive with weekly rents starting at 375
(salary approximately f 100,000) and rising to 738 per week for a 3-bedroom property. To afford
this, you would require a salary in the region of 200,000 per annum. Alternatively, Fulham is the
cheapest area shown with rents ranging from 215 per week for a one bedroom property to 600 per
week for a 3-bedroom property. To rent in this area, salaries need to be somewhere between
85,000 and 170,000 depending on the number of bedrooms required. For those able to pay in the
middle price range for accommodation, Regent's Park might be a more suitable district.
(163 words)

The diagrams below give information about the Eiffel Tower in Paris and an outline project to
extend it underground.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown.

model answer:
The Eiffel Tower is situated close to the Seine River in Paris. It is a metal structure that is 1,063 feet
high and weighs 7,417 tonnes. The tower has been a tourist attraction since 1889, when it was built,
and there are 1,665 steps that can be climbed in order to reach the two viewing platforms.

There are now plans to build below the foundations of the tower. These plans include the
development of five underground levels that will incorporate the tower's ticket office, shopping
facilities, a cinema and museum and two floors of underground parking.

Although details have yet to be finalised, the principle is that the five floors will be connected by two
vertical passenger lifts on either side of the tower. In addition, the floor immediately below the tower,
which is planned to house the ticket office, will also consist of a large atrium with a glass ceiling so
that visitors can look directly up at the tower itself.
(162 words)

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Academic Writing Sample Task 1 #80

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