THE BUILDING OF THE CHURCH

THE BUILDING OF THE CHURCH

EARLY CHRISTIAN
EARLY CHRISTIAN
ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE BASILICA
THE BASILICA - BUILT UP BY EMPEROR
- BUILT UP BY EMPEROR
CONSTANTINE THE GREAT
CONSTANTINE THE GREAT
There were several variations of
the basic plan of the secular
basilica, always some kind of
rectangular hall, but the one
usually followed for churches had a
center nave with one aisle at each
side, and an apse at one end
opposite to the main door at the
other. In, and often also in front of,
the apse was a raised platform,
where the altar was placed and the
clergy officiated
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
1. THE BASILICA
1. THE BASILICA
Early church architecture did not draw its
form from Roman temples, as the latter did
not have large internal spaces where
worshipping congregations could meet. It
was the Roman basilica, used for
meetings, markets and courts of law that
provided a model for the large Christian
church and that gave its name to the
Christian basilica
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE
2. THE HOUSE CHURCH
2. THE HOUSE CHURCH
The first house church is
recorded in Acts 1:13, where
the disciples of Jesus met
together in the "Upper Room"
of a house, traditionally
believed to be where the
Cenacle is today. For the first
three centuries of the church,
known as Early Christianity,
Christians typically met in
homes
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE
3. THE ATRIUM
3. THE ATRIUM
In architecture,
an atrium (plural: atria or atri
ums) is a large open space
located within a building. Atria
were a common featured in
Ancient Roman dwellings,
providing light and ventilation
to the interior
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH
4. THE BEMA
4. THE BEMA
The ceremonial use of a bema carried
over from Judaism into early Christian
church architecture. It was originally a
raised platform with a lectern and seats
for the clergy, from which lessons from
the Scriptureswere read and the sermon
was delivered. In Western Christianity
the bema developed over time into the
chancel (or presbytery) and the pulpit
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE
5. THE MAUSOLEUM
5. THE MAUSOLEUM
A mausoleum
[1]
is an external free-
standing building constructed as a
monument enclosing the interment
space or burial chamber of a deceased
person or people. A monument without
the interment is a cenotaph. A
mausoleum may be considered a type
of tomb or the tomb may be considered
to be within the mausoleum. A Christian
mausoleum sometimes includes a
chapel.
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH
5. THE LATIN AND GREEK CROSS PLAN
5. THE LATIN AND GREEK CROSS PLAN
The basilica is cruciform in shape, with an elongated nave in the Latin cross
form but the early designs were for a centrally planned structure and this is still
in evidence in the architecture. The central space is dominated both externally
and internally by one of the largest domes in the world. The entrance is through
a narthex, or entrance hall, which stretches across the building
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH
5. THE LATIN AND GREEK CROSS PLAN
5. THE LATIN AND GREEK CROSS PLAN
St.Peters Basilica
Latin Cross Plan
By Raphael
St.Peters Basilica
Greek Cross Plan
By Raphael
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH
6. THE DOME
6. THE DOME
The dome of St. Peter's rises to a
total height of 136.57 metres
(448.1 ft) from the floor of the
basilica to the top of the external
cross. It is the tallest dome in the
world
St.Peters Basilica Dome
By Bramante
THE RISE OF MEDIEVAL ARCHITECTURE
THE RISE OF MEDIEVAL ARCHITECTURE
BYANTINE
BYANTINE
ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE
Hagia Sophia (6th century) a
combination was made which is
perhaps the most remarkable piece
of planning ever contrived. A
central space of 100 ft (30 m)
square is increased to 200 ft (60 m)
in length by adding two hemicycles
to it to the east and the west
It was designed by the Greek scientistsIsidore of Miletus, a
physicist, and Anthemius of Tralles, a mathematician
Byzantine Emperor Justinian and was the third Church of the Holy Wisdom
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE
Byzantine Emperor Justinian and was the third Church of the Holy Wisdom
Before 1481 a small minaret was erected on the southwest corner
of the building, above the stair tower. Later, the subsequent
sultan, Bayezid II(14811512), built another minaret at the
northeast corner. One of these collapsed after the
earthquake of 1509,

and around the middle of the 16th century
they were both replaced by two diagonally opposite minarets built
at the east and west corners of the edifice.
the Sultan and his cohort
entered the church he insisted it
should be at once transformed
into a mosque. One of the Ulama
then climbed the pulpit and
recited the Shahada
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE
The Umayyad Mosque, also known as
the Great Mosque of Damascus (Arabic
: ,Romanization
m' Ban 'Umayya al-Kabr) or formerly
the Basilica of Saint John the Baptist
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE
The Umayyad Mosque, also known as
the Great Mosque of Damascus (Arabic
: ,Romanization
m' Ban 'Umayya al-Kabr) or formerly
the Basilica of Saint John the Baptist
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE
Jerusalem was recaptured by Saladin on 2 October 1187, and the Haram was
reconsecrated as a Muslim sanctuary. The cross on top of the Dome of the Rock was
replaced by a golden crescent, and a wooden screen was placed around the rock
below
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE
Architect Frederick Catherwood
was the first westerner known to
have made detailed drawings of the
Dome, which he accomplished
during a six-week period in
The diameter of the dome of the shrine is 20.20m
and its height 20.48m
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE
The Byzantine Revival (also referred to as Neo-
Byzantine) was an architectural revival
movement, most frequently seen in religious,
institutional and public buildings. It emerged in
1840s in Western Europe and peaked in the last
quarter of 19th century in the Russian Empire
History of Architecture
History of Architecture
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE
Bristol Byzantine is a variety of Byzantine
Revival architecture that was popular in the
city of Bristol from about 1850 to 1880.
Bristol Byzantine has influences
from Byzantine and Moorish architecture applied
mainly to industrial buildings such as
warehouses and factories.
The style is characterised by a robust and simple
outline, materials with character and colour
including red, yellow black and white brick
primarily from the Cattybrook Brickpit.
THE RISE OF CASTLES
THE RISE OF CASTLES
ROMANES!UE
ROMANES!UE
ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE