Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 1

II Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ -´’çí∫-∞¡¢√®Ωç 28 °∂œ-v•-´-J 2006

Soundarya: Hi What a fine dress you've


Ö†o Ñ verbs sentenceses †’ îª÷úøçúÕ.
bought? Where did you buy it and
1) I had been thinking of buying it for a longtime.
how much did it cost you?
I had the opportunity yesterday.
(Ŷs -î√-™«- ¶«í∫’ç-C - F vúøÆˇ 2) She had been working as a teacher when
áéπ\úøéÌØ√o´¤? áçûª?) she got married.
Aiswarya: Thank you for the compliment. I
3) We had been studying in the same college
bought it at Vastraloka for Rs.
until we completed the degree.
3000/-
4) She had been staying with us until she got
(-ü∑∆uçé˙q -´‚-úø’ -¢Ë-© ®Ω÷-§ƒ-©-ߪ’-©’ the job.
°öÀd ´ÆæY-™éπ™ éÌØ√o.) Last two lessons had + past participle
™ ´’†ç
Soundarya: Certainly worth it. I wish I had one
( past perfect tense ) uses (°∞¡xßË’ ´®Ωèπÿ/ °∞¡x-ßË’u-ô-°æp-öÀéÀ Ç¢Á’ -öÃ-˝í¬
ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊Ø√oç éπü∆! (Å´¤†’. Å-°æ¤púø’ O’Í®-¢Á÷ -´÷-vûª-©’ Éî√a®Ω’.
like it.
Let us recall it once again. °æEîËÆæ÷h ÖçC.) Ééπ\-úø verb had been+ing. È®çvúÓV© ûª®√yûª ûªT_-§Ú-®·çC. Å°æp-öÀ-
(a) ™ í∫ûªç™ ïJ-T† °æ†’™x äéπöÀ ´·çü¿’, È®çúÓC
(éπ*a-ûªçí¬ Åçûª îËÆæ’hçC. Ø√èπÿ\ú≈ ✔ Had Past participle is used for the earlier of †’ç* Ñ®ÓV Öü¿ßª’ç ´®Ωèπ◊ Ø√Íé Ææ´’≤ƒu
Å™«ç-öÀC Öçõ‰ áçûª ¶«í∫’ç-ô’ç-ü¿-E - two past actions. ûª®√yûª, éπü∆? - (had + pp) ™‰ü¿’ )
°œ-≤ÚhçC.) (í∫ûªç™ ïJ-T† È®çúø’ °æ†’™x, ¢Á·ü¿öÀ ü∆ØÁo-°æ¤p (b) ™ í∫ûªç™ äéπ °æE v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µº¢Á’i È®çúÓ °æE ´®Ωèπ◊ Ééπ\úø πÿú≈ ....
I wish I had one like that. ´’†ç ´÷ö«xúø’ûª’†o-
continue Å®·uçC 鬕öÀd had been + ing. a) had been walking... felt the pain.
°æ¤púø’ B®ΩE éÓJéπ©èπ◊ É™« Åçö«ç. She wishes a) He had been driving at 100 kmph when he b) hadn't been having any pain till this morn-
she had a car
hit a lorry. ing.
(
100
ûª†èπ◊ 鬮Ω’çõ‰ áçûª ¶«í∫’ç-úø’ØÓ Å†’èπ◊ç-öçC.) (Åûªúø’ ™«KE úµŒéÌ-õ‰d-°æp-öÀéÀ -éÀ.-O’. ¢Ëí∫çûÓ - - a)
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
Ééπ\úø had, past Å®·-†-°æp-öÀéÀ É°æpöÀ éÓJéπ†’ ûÁ©’-°æ¤- Ø√èπ◊ ØÌ°œp éπL-T-†-°æ¤úø’ †úø’Ææ÷h ÖØ√o†’.
b)
119
vúÁj-¢˛ îËÆæ’h-Ø√oúø’.) §Òü¿’l-† -´-®Ωèπ◊ Ø√èπ◊ ØÌ°œp ÅØË-üË™‰ü¿’.
b) The British had been ruling India for over
ûª’çC. 鬕öÀdhad been + ing á°æ¤púø÷ èπÿú≈ í∫ûªç™ v§ƒ®Ωç-
Aiswarya: Time you bought one, Soundarya.
(É°æp-öÀÍé éÌØ√-LqçC †’´¤y)

We had been studying...


Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈ bought - past form
Time you bought = á°æ¤púÓ éÌE Öçú≈-LqçC.
Time you learnt manners .
(†’´¤ymanners ØË®Ω’a-éÓ-¢√L)
(Éçé¬ Fèπ◊manners ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’;
á°æ¤púÓ ØË®Ω’a-éÓ-¢√-LqçC.)
Soundarya: When did you buy it? two centuries until it
úø÷ had + PP form ™ ûÁ©’-°æ¤û√ç.) ¶µº-¢Á’i† two actions ™ first action, 2nd action
(á°æ¤púø’ éÌØ√o´¤?) e.g. became independent in ´®Ωèπ◊ continue Å®·ûË ü∆Eo had been + ing ûÓ
Aiswarya: Yesterday. I had been thinking of 1947
a) He was unhappy that his friend had gone.
buying it for a long time. I had the (1947 ™ ≤ƒyûªçvûªuç
îÁ°æ¤û√ç.
opportunity yesterday when dad
(¢√∞¡x -v°∂ç-ú˛ ¢ÁRx-§Ú-ߪ÷-úøE Åûª†’ ¶«üµ¿-°æ-ú≈fúø’) ÉC 'be' form ™ îª÷úøçúÕ. (Åçõ‰ í∫ûªç™ È®çúÓ °æE
b) She had worked as a teacher before she got §ÒçüË-´-®Ωèπ◊ -vG-öÃ-≠æ®Ω’x
gave me the money. I got it for my ïJÍí ´®Ωèπ◊ Ö†o N≠æ-ߪ÷Eo -Ê°®Ì\-†-úøç)
married. ¶µ«®Ω-û˝†’ È®çúø’ ¨¡û√-¶«l-© - a) He had been here till his father called him.
birthday the day after tomorrow. †’ç-* §ƒL-Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’.) M. SURESAN
(°RxéÀ ´·çü¿’ -öÃ-˝í¬ °æE îËÆœçC)
Soundarya: Who is the other dress for? Doctor: What's your complaint?
(¢√∞¡x Ø√†o °œLîË ´®Ωèπ◊ Åûª-E-éπ\úË ÖØ√oúø’.)
c) We know that he had passed.
(Öçúøôç had been - í∫ûªç™, ûª®√yûª his father
(Ç ÉçéÓ vúøÆˇ á´-JéÀ?) (
-§ƒÆˇ Åߪ÷u-úøE ´÷èπ◊ ûÁL-ÆœçC) Subash: I have a pain in the side, doctor. I
Aiswarya: That's for my cousin Sowjanya. I called- °œ©-´ôç)
ÉO Had + PP
Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬-EéÀ Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù©’. É°æ¤púø’ have had the pain since this morn-
am going to present it to her. b) Abdul Kalam had been a space scientist until
¢Á·ü¿öÀ Ææ綵«-≠æ-ù-™E had been + ing
(Åçõ‰ Past ing. I had been taking my morning
he took over as President
(ÅC ´÷ éπ->-Ø˛ -≤˘-ï-†uèπ◊. ØËØ√-¢Á’èπ◊ Perfect Continuous tense)
Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç îª÷ü∆lç. walk when I suddenly felt it.
(®√-≠æZ°æ-Aí¬ ¶«üµ¿uûª©’ Æ‘yéπ-JçîË ´®Ωèπ◊ éπ-™«ç ÊÆpÆˇ

ÅC 鬆’-éπí¬ É´y-¶-ûª’-Ø√o†’.) í∫ûªç™ ïJ-T† È®çúø’ °æ-†’-™x äéπöÀ ´·çü¿’ v§ƒ®Ωç- (§Òü¿’löÀ †’ç* úÌéπ\™ ØÌ°œpí¬ ÖçC.
Soundarya: Has she returned from the states? ¶µº¢Á’i È®çúÓ °æE ïJÍíü∆é¬ continue
Å®·ûË Øˆ’ §Òü¿’l† †úø’-Ææ’h-†o-°æ¤púø’ ØÌ°œp -´-*aç- ÂÆjç-öÀÆˇdí¬ (ÖØ√o®Ω’)
( ÊÆd-ö¸q †’ç* AJ-íÌ-*açü∆?) c) I thought till this morning that he had been
Å°æ¤púø’ ¢Á·ü¿öÀ N≠æ-ߪ÷Eo had been + ing form C)
Aiswarya: Yes, last weekend. here.
™ îÁ§ƒhç. Doctor: I remember that you came to me last
(Å´¤†’. í∫ûª ¢√®√çûªç-™) Compare the following sentences. month with a similar complaint.
(§Òü¿’l† ´®Ωèπ◊ Åûª-E-éπ\úË ÖØ√o-úøE ņ’-èπ◊Ø√o)
Soundarya: Wasn't she a teacher here? ÉD had been, had been + ing ¢√ú≈-Lq† B®Ω’. ûÁ©’-
a) She had worked as a teacher before she got (O’®Ω’ í∫-ûª ØÁ© ÉüË éπç°æx®·ç-ö¸-ûÓ ´*a-
(Ééπ\úø Ç¢Á’ -öÃ-˝í¬ ÖçúËC éπü∆?) married. †ô’d Ø√èπ◊ í∫’®Ω’h) í∫ ’™™« é¬èπ◊çú≈, English ™ time of action, time
Aiswarya: Yes. She had been working as a of state of being †’ •öÀd ´’†ç ¢√úË verb forms
(°RxéÀ ´·çü¿’ Ç¢Á’ -öÃ-˝í¬ °æE îËÆœçC.) Ééπ\- Subash: Yes, doctor. You gave me some
teacher when she got married. She úø verb- had + PP tablets and I felt all right after two
éπ*aûªçí¬ ´÷®Ω’-ûª’ç-ö«®·. Å™« correct í¬ Å®·†
then joined her husband in the verb forms †’ ¢√úø-éπ-§ÚûË Â°úø-®√n-©èπ◊, -Aéπ-´’éπ©èπ◊ ü∆J-
b) She had been working as a teacher until- days. Since then I hadn't been having
U.S. when she got married. any problem till this morning.
B- ≤ƒh®·.
(°∞¡x-ßË’u-°æp-öÀéÀ Ç¢Á’ Ééπ\úø öÃ-˝ í¬ °æE
îËÆæ’hç-úËC. Ç ûª®√yûª ¢√∞«x-ߪ’† ü¿í∫_-®Ωèπ◊ friend got an idea that we start a soft-
¢ÁRx-§Ú-®·çC.) Tarun: -´®Ω’-ù˝ , î√™«-é¬-©-¢Á’içC E†’o îª÷Æœ, áéπ\- PRACTISE THE FOLLOWING ware company in Hyderabad.
Soundarya: We had been studying in the same úø’-Ø√o´¤? àç îËÆæ’h-Ø√o´¤? Tarun: It's good. When are you starting it?
college until we completed the Varun: v°æÆæ’hûªç ؈’ -´·ç-¶-®·™ ÖØ√o. ´·ç-¶- Tarun: Best of Luck. Varun: In two or three months.
degree. Later she took a job and I ®· ™ Å´-鬨¡ç ´îËa-°æp-öÀéÀ £j«ü¿-®√-¶«-ü˛™ Answers Tarun: Best of luck.
went for M.Sc. °æE-îË-Ææ’hØ√o. Tarun: Hi Varun, long since I saw you. Where Ñ game ÇúøçúÕ. Ñ éÀçC sentence †´‚Ø√™
(¢Ë’ç Éü¿l®Ωç -úÕ-vU °æ‹-Jh ÅßË’u-´-®Ωèπ◊ äÍé Tarun: -´·ç-¶-®·éÀ ´÷Í®-´-®Ωèπ◊ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ ™ áçûª- are you and what are you? sentences
O™„j-†Eo ®√ߪ’çúÕ. ®√Æœ Gí∫_-®Ωí¬ îªü¿-
é¬-™‰-ñ ¸™ îªü¿’-´¤-èπ◊-ØË¢√∞¡xç. ûª®√yûª Ç¢Á’ é¬©ç °æE-îË-¨»´¤. Varun: I am at present in Mumbai. I had been ´çúÕ,Not ûÓ†÷, Questioní¬†÷, Dialogue form
ÖüÓu-í∫ç™ îËJçC. ؈’ - áç.- Varun: v§Ú-ví¬-´ ’®˝í¬ °æE-îËÆæ ÷h Ñ Å´-鬨¡ç working in Hyderabad when I got the ™†÷ ®√ߪ’çúÕ.
áÆˇ.Æœ.éÀ ¢ÁRx-§Ú-ߪ÷†’. §Òçü∆†’. opportunity in Mumbai. They laughed at him Ééπ\úø †´‚Ø√.
Aiswarya: She had been staying with us until, Tarun: £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛èπ◊ ´·çüÁ-éπ\úÓ ÖØ√o´¤ éπü∆? Tarun: How long had you been working in sub verb Preposition Noun or pronoun
she got the job. Her father who had Varun: Å´¤†’. îÁØÁj o™ ÖØ√o 6 ØÁ©©’. Hyderabad when you got the opportu- a) She looked at me.
been working else where, had a Tarun: É°æ¤p-úÁ-éπ\-úÕéÀ? nity in Mumbai? b) They did not come for him
transfer here, and she went back Varun: ؈’ Ø√ -v°∂ç-ú˛-ûÓ, ( í∫-ûª ØÁ© ņ’-èπ◊çö«) Varun: I had been working as a programmer c) Why do you stare at her?
home. ´÷ö«xúø’ûª’çõ‰, ÅûªúÕ -v°∂ç-ú˛ ´î√aúø’. ã - when I got the opportunity. (Stare- ÅüË °æEí¬ îª÷úøúøç)
( -Ö-üÓuí∫ç ´îËa ´®Ωèπ◊ ´÷ ü¿í∫_Í® ÖçC. í∫çô ´÷ö«x-úø’-èπ◊-ØË-ô-°æp-öÀéÀ Ñ È®çúÓ -v°∂ç- Tarun: Hadn't you (had you not) been some a) Prem: Why do you look at your watch (so
Åçûª-´-®Ωèπ◊ ÉçÈé-éπ\úÓ °æE îËÆæ’h†o ú˛èπ◊ -äéπ -Ç-™-îª-† ´*açC. ¢Ë’ç ´·í∫’_®Ωç where before you were in Hyderabad? often) ?
¢√∞¡x Ø√†oèπ◊ -Ééπ\-úÕéÀ vö«-Ø˛q°∂æ®˝ ÅßË’u- éπLÆœ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«--ü˛™ ã -≤ƒ°∂ˇd-¢Ë®˝ éπç°-F Varun: Yes. In Chennai for six months. Karim: I must talk to my uncle immediately
Ææ-JéÀ ¢√Rxç-öÀéÀ ¢ÁRx-§Ú-®·çC.) °ö«d-©-E. Tarun: Where now? Prem: You wait for a few minutes.
Soundarya: She is quite nice. Tarun: ¶«í¬ØË ÖçC. á°æ¤púø’ v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµ-Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’. Varun: When I was talking to my friend, I think Karim: I have waited for half an hour already
(-ûª-†’ ´’ç* Å´÷t®·) Varun: È®çúø’ ´‚úø’ ØÁ©™x. it was last month, his friend came. As
°j Ææ綵«-≠æ-ù™ had been combinations ûÓ - we had been talking for an hour, this

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

Вам также может понравиться