Geometrical Optics

1. A lens is a piece of __________ material that can focus a transmitted beam of

light.
2. A lens is a piece of transparent material that can focus a __________ beam of
light.
3. A lens is usually bounded by two __________ surfaces.
4. Lenses fall into __________ categories.
. A con!e" lens is thic#er in the middle and __________ on the edges.
$. A con!e" lens is __________ in the middle and thinner on the edges.
%. A con!e" lens __________ the light rays towards its optical a"is.
&. A con!e" lens con!erges the light rays towards its __________.
'. A con!e" lens is thinner in the middle and __________ on the edges.
1(. A di!erging lens is __________ in the middle and thic#er on the edges.
11. A conca!e lens __________ the light rays from its optical a"is.
12. A di!erging lens bends light rays from its __________.
13. )he point to which the light rays are brought to focus is called __________.
14. )he point to which the light rays are brought to __________ is called principal
focus.
1. )he distance between the optical centre of the lens and its principle focus is
called __________.
1$. )he distance between the __________ of the lens and its principle focus is
called its focal length.
1%. )he point is the lens through which the light rays will pass without any de!iation
is called its __________.
1&. )he point is the lens through which the light rays will pass without any de!iation
is called its __________.
1'. *n +on!e" lens, when the ob-ect is placed in between . and 2. then its image will
form __________ on the other side of the lens.
2(. +on!entionally the focal length of the di!erging lens is ta#en as __________.
21. /hen the two lenses are combined to form a single lens, then this lens is called
__________ lens.
22. )he defect in the lens is due to the fact that the focal points of the light rays
far from the optical a"is of a spherical lens are different from those rays passing
through the centre is called __________.
23. +hromatic aberration can be reduced to a greater e"tent by the combination of
__________ lenses.
24. )he angle subtended by the ob-ect at the eye is called __________.
2. )he least distance up to which a normal person could see the ob-ect without
ta#ing any strain on his eyes is called least distance of __________.
2$. +ompound microscope is an optical de!ice, which is used to see the __________
ob-ect with !ery high magnification.
2%. *n compound microscope an eyepiece of __________ focal length is used.
2&. *n compound microscope to obtain the large magnification lenses of __________
focal length are used.
2'. *n compound microscope the eyepieces will be used as a __________.
3(. )elescope is used to see __________ ob-ect.
31. )he focal length of the ob-ecti!e in astronomical telescope is __________ than
the focal length of eyepiece.
32. Galilean telescope is used to see the ob-ect on __________.
33. *n Galilean telescope the con!e" lens will be used as an __________.
34. )errestrial telescope consists of __________ lenses.
3. *n spectromter, collimeter produces a __________ beam of light.
3$. )he spectrum of light in which the images o!erlap each other is called
__________ spectrum.
3%. )he front of eye is co!ered by a transparent membrane called __________.
3&. )he abnormality in which the image of the distant ob-ect is focused in from of
retina is called __________.
3'. *n the case of the abnormality named as 0yopia the person is said to
__________.
4(. 1hort 1ightedness can be corrected by using a __________ a lens.
)he 1cope of 2hysics
1. 2hysical sciences and biological sciences are the two branches of
__________.
2. )he branch of physics, which deals with the interaction of matter and
energy, is called __________.
3. *bn3e31ina was famous in the field of __________.
4. 0edical te"t boo# Al34annun3.il3)ib was written by __________.
. *n +.G.1 system the unit of force is __________.
$. 5nit of luminous intensity is __________.
%. 6imension of !olume is __________.
&. 6imension of linear momentum is __________.
'. 1$.% contain __________ significant figures.
1(. Logarithm was in!ented by __________.
11. )he biological science deals with __________.
12. )he class of science, which deals with the properties and beha!iour of
non3li!ing matter is called __________ science.
13. +hinese for the first time manufactured __________.
14. 7gyptian used to measure the flood le!el in the ri!er __________.
1. )he people of 7uphrate and )igris !alleys were aware of calendar and had
the #nowledge of __________.
1$. )he people of indus !alley were pioneers of __________ system.
1%. )here are two main branches of physics, namely classical physics and
__________ physics.
1&. )he founder of analytical algebra was __________.
1'. )he author of Alsh31hifa was __________.
2(. A high precision de!ice for measuring the time with tremendously large
accuracy is the __________.
21. __________ is the unit of thermodynamic temperature.
22. Ampere is the unit of __________.
23. __________ is the amount of substance of a system which contain as
many elementary entities as there are atom in (.(12#g of carbon 12.
24. )he word dimension is used to denote the __________ of a physical
8uantity.
2. )he dimension of area is __________.
2$. )he dimension of linear !elocity is __________.
2%. )he dimension of acceleration is __________.
2&. )he dimension of tor8ue is __________.
2'. 6imension of uni!ersal gra!itational constant 9G: is __________.
3(. A number 4.%1 contained __________ significant figures.
31. 1ome concepts of static electricity were introduced by __________.
32. 7lectromagnetic wa!e theory was proposed by __________.
33. )he name of 2a#istani physicist renowned all o!er the world for his
nuclear research is __________.
34. )he dimension of force is __________.
3. ;el!in the unit of thermodynamic temperature is 1<2%3.1$ of the
thermodynamic temperature of __________ free=ing point of water.
__________________
+hapter 2 3 1calars and >ectors
1. A physical 8uantity, which can be completely specified by its magnitude only, is
called __________.
2. A physical 8uantity, which can be completely described by its magnitude and
direction, is called __________.
3. 6isplacement is a __________ 8uantity.
4. 2ower is a __________ 8uantity.
. )wo !ectors are __________ when they ha!e same magnitude and same direction.
$. )he magnitude of !ector will always be __________.
%. *n parallelogram law of !ector addition the resultant of two !ectors is represented
by __________ of the parallelogram.
&. ?ormally law of cosine is used to determine the __________ of the resultant
!ector.
'. Law of __________ is normally used to determine the direction of resultant
!ector.
1(. )he magnitude of __________ will always be e8ual to unity.
11. )he rectangular unit !ectors are mutually __________ to each other.
12. )he dot product of two !ectors is a __________.
13. )he __________ product of two !ectors is a !ector.
14. )he scalar product can be defined as that it is the product of magnitude of two
!ectors and __________ of the angle between them.
1. )he !ector product can be defined as that it is the product of the magnitude of
two !ectors and __________ of the angle between them.
1$. )he dot product will not obey the __________ law for !ector multiplication.
1%. )he cross product will not obey the __________ law for the !ector
multiplication.
1&. A !ector, which can be displaced parallel to itself and applied at any point, is
called __________ !ector.
1'. ?ull !ector can be obtained by __________ a !ector with its negati!e !ector.
2(. @ero !ectors ha!e __________ particular direction.
21. *f two !ectors are __________ to each other then their dot product is =ero.
22. *f two !ectors are parallel to each other then their __________ product is
=ero.
23. *f , then the magnitude of either of the two !ector is __________.
24. )he direction of resultant !ector in a !ector product can be determined by the
__________ rule.
2. )he magnitude of the resultant of two !ectors can be __________ than the sum
of the magnitudes of indi!idual !ectors.
2$. )he magnitude of __________ !ector will always be =ero.
2%. __________.
2&. __________.
2'. )or8ue is the __________ product of force and force arm.
3(. __________ is the dot product of force and !elocity.
31. A !ector, in any gi!en direction whose magnitude is one is called __________.
32. )he set of unit !ectors along ", y and = a"es are called __________ unit
!ectors.
33. *f the magnitude of the resultant of two !ectors e8ual in magnitude is the same,
then the angle between the two !ectors is __________.
34. *f __________.
3. )wo forces, one of $? and the other of &?, act on a point at angle '(A with
each other, the magnitude of resultant force is __________.
+hapter 3 3 0otion
1. )he change of position of a body in a particular direction is called its
__________.
2. )he change of displacement of a body with respect to time is called its
__________.
3. )he rate of change of position in a particular direction is called the
__________ of the body.
4. )he total change in displacement di!ided by the total change in time of a
body is called its __________.
. )he acceleration of a body is uniform when a!erage and instantaneous
!alues of the acceleration are __________.
$. *f the body mo!es towards earth, neglecting air resistance and small
changes in acceleration with altitude. )his body is referred to as free falling
body and its motion is called __________.
%. __________ is an agent which changes or tends to change the state of the
body.
&. __________ is the property of the matter due to which it will try to
remain in the same state.
'. /hen a constant force is applied on a body then it will start to mo!e with
constant __________.
1(. 0ass of the body is the measure of __________.
11. )ension in string is a __________which will be produced in it whene!er it
is sub-ected to pull.
12. )he 8uantity of motion produced in a body is called its __________.
13. )he momentum of a body is defined as the product of mass and
__________ of the body.
14. A system in which the particles of the system may e"ert some force one
upon the other because of their collision but no e"ternal force can be applied
on them is called __________ system of interacting bodies.
1. )he collision between the two bodies is the __________ if total
momentum as well as the #inetic energy of the system remain the same.
1$. *n inelastic collision the #inetic energy of the system will __________
conser!ed.
1%. *f a massi!e body will collide elastically with a lighter body at rest then
the lighter body will start to mo!e with a !elocity e8ual to __________ first
body.
1&. )he force, which opposes the motion of body on a surface, is called
__________.
1'. )he friction is due to the __________ of the material of the surfaces in
contract.
2(. )he force of friction always acts __________ to the surfaces in contact.
21. )he direction of the friction will always be __________ to the direction
of motion.
22. )he friction within a fluid is called its __________.
23. )he friction is said to be __________ when the body slides o!er the
other.
24. 1liding friction is __________ than the rolling friction.
2. )he ratio of limiting friction to the normal reaction acting between two
surfaces in contact is called __________.
2$. *n bicycles the sliding friction is replaced by __________.
2%. On frictionless inclined plane the acceleration of the body is __________
of its mass.
2&. On frictionless inclined plane where a B gsin8 if 8 B '(A then a B
__________.
2'. On an inclined plane the Cwcos8D will always be e8ual to __________.
3(. According to the second law of motion a!erage force applied on the body
is e8ual to its rate of change of __________.
31. __________ friction arises when one solid ob-ect is set into motion across
the surface of another solid body.
32. __________ friction results when a solid ob-ect mo!es through fluid.
33. 1 newton B __________ dynes.
34. )he acceleration produced in the body if the applied force is e8ual to the
weight of the body is __________.
3. )he law of conser!ation of momentum is e8ui!alent to the ?ewtonDs
__________ law of motion.
3$. )he motion of -et plane and roc#et are based on conser!ation of
__________.
3%. /hen the friction between the surface of an inclined plane and a body on
it is e8ual to the component of the weight of the body __________ to the
plane, then the body remains at rest on the inclined plane.
3&. )he acceleration of body on a smooth inclined plane is ma"imum when the
plane is ma#ing an angle of __________ with the hori=ontal.
3'. )he terminal !elocity of a spherical body in fluid is in!ersely proportional
to the __________ of the body.
4(. *n fluid the acceleration of spherical body becomes =ero when the force
of gra!ity is e8ual to the __________ force offered by the fluid
+hapter 4 3 0otion in )wo 6imensions
1. )he motion of the ob-ect along a straight line is called __________.
2. )he motion of the ob-ect along a cur!ed path is called __________.
3. 2ro-ectile motion is the e"ample of the motion of the body in __________
dimension.
4. *n pro-ectile motion the ob-ect is purely under the influence of __________.
. *n pro-ectile motion the acceleration due to gra!ity 9g: will always be ta#en as
__________.
$. 6uring the pro-ectile motion the hori=ontal component of its !elocity will
__________.
%. 6uring the pro-ectile motion the !ertical component of its !elocity is always
__________.
&. )he path of the pro-ectile is a __________ path.
'. 6uring pro-ectile motion the acceleration along hori=ontal direction is __________.
1(. *n pro-ectile the acceleration along !ertical is always __________
11. *n pro-ectile the acceleration along !ertical direction is e8ual to the
__________.
12. )he e"pression for the time to reach the ma"imum height of the pro-ectile is
__________.
13. )he e"pression for the __________ is 2>osin8<g.
14. )he e"pression for the hori=ontal range of the pro-ectile is __________.
1. )he e"pression for the ma"imum range of the pro-ectile is __________.
1$. .or the ma"imum hori=ontal range of the pro-ectile the angle of ele!ation must
be __________.
1%. )he hori=ontal range of the pro-ectile is directly proportional to the s8uare of
__________.
1&. )he hori=ontal range of the pro-ectile is directly proportional to the sine of the
twice of __________.
1'. )he e"pression for the __________ of the pro-ectile is a" E F b"2.
2(. *n pro-ectile the small angle of ele!ation produces __________ tra-ectory.
21. *n pro-ectile the __________ angle of the ele!ation produces the high
tra-ectory.
22. *f the angle of ele!ation of the pro-ectile is '(A then its hori=ontal range is
__________.
23. .or the pro-ectile with __________ tra-ectory their time of flight will be short.
24. *f pro-ectile has some range at an angle of ele!ation of 1A then it range will be
same when the angle of ele!ation is __________.
2. At ma"imum height the !ertical component of the !elocity of the pro-ectile is
__________.
2$. Gori=ontal motion with constant !elocity and !ertical motion with constant
acceleration is called __________.
2%. *f a particle is mo!ing with constant speed along a circle then its motion is
uniform __________.
2&. )he angle subtended by a particle with a centre of the circle when it is mo!ing
from one point to another on its circumference is called angular __________.
2'. )he unit of angular shift is __________.
3(. )he angular shift per unit time of the particle is called its angular __________.
31. )he direction of angular !elocity can be determined by __________ rule.
32. )he unit of angular !elocity is __________.
33. *f a particle co!ers e8ual angular displacement in e8ual inter!als of time then its
angular !elocity is __________.
34. )he rate of change of __________ is called angular acceleration.
3. )he !elocity of the particle tangent to its circular path is called __________.
3$. *n circular motion the time period and angular !elocity of a particle are
__________ proportional to each other.
3%. *f a particle is mo!ing with constant speed along the circumference of a circle
then the acceleration produced in it is called __________.
3&. )he direction of centripetal acceleration will always be towards the __________
of the circle.
3'. +entripetal force is also called __________ force.
4(. )he tangential component of acceleration arises when the speed of the particle is
__________.
41. *n circular motion the centripetal component of acceleration arises when the
__________ is changed.
42. +entripetal and tangential acceleration are always __________ to each other.
43. /hen an ob-ect mo!es around the circular trac#, the centripetal force is
pro!ided by __________ force.
+hapter 3 )or8ue, Angular 0omentum and 78uilibrium
1. A body is said to be in e8uilibrium if it is at rest or is mo!ing with __________
!elocity.
2. *f a body is mo!ing with uniform !elocity then the body is said to be in
__________ e8uilibrium.
3. .or the transnational e8uilibrium the net force acting on the body must be
__________.
4. .or the rotational e8uilibrium, the net tor8ue acting on the body must be
__________.
. )he body is said to be in complete e8uilibrium if __________ acceleration as well
as angular __________ is =ero.
$. According to the first condition of e8uilibrium the algebraic sum of all the forces
acting on a body must be e8ual to __________.
%. *f the algebraic sum of all tor8ue acting on a body is e8ual to =ero then the body
will be in __________ e8uilibrium.
&. )he magnitude of tor8ue is e8ual to the product of magnitude of force and its
__________.
'. )he unit of tor8ue is 1* system is __________.
1(. )he !ector product of force and displacement is #nown as __________.
11. )he cloc#wise tor8ue is ta#en as __________ tor8ue.
12. *f the lines of action of the two forces acting on the body are not same then
the body will be in __________ e8uilibrium.
13. )he physical 8uantity, which tends to rotate a body, is called __________.
14. )he angular momentum of a body is conser!ed if the net __________ on it is
=ero.
1. )he force which cannot be replaced by a single e8ui!alent force are said to form
a __________.
1$. __________ is defined as the time rate of change of angular momentum.
1%. *n the system international the units of angular momentum are __________.
1&. )he angular momentum of an isolated system is __________.
1'. A body is said to be in __________ e8uilibrium, if the net force on it is =ero.
2(. *f the net tor8ue on a body is =ero then the body is said to be __________
e8uilibrium.
21. A __________ body is that in which different particles always maintain the same
position relati!e to each other, whether the body is at rest or in motion.
22. *n rotational motion, different particles of the body perform circular motion and
the centers of all these circular orbits lie along a straight line called the
__________.
23. *f a rigid body rotates with a constant angular !elocity w, then different
particles of the body perform uniform circular motion with the __________ angular
!elocity but __________ linear !elocities.
24. )he moment of inertia of a rigid body about a gi!en a"is of rotation is e8ual to
the sum of the products of the mass of each particle of the body and the s8uare of
its __________ from the gi!en a"is.
2. )he __________ of a rigid body about a gi!en a"is of rotation is gi!en by * B
1mr2 where CmD is the mass of any particle of the body situated at a distance CrD
from the a"is.
2$. )he angular momentum of a particle is defined as the __________ product of
the position !ector and the linear momentum of the particle.
2%. )he angular momentum L of a particle is gi!en in terms of m, !, r and 8 as L B
__________.
2&. )he direction of the angular momentum of a particle lies along the __________
to the plane formed by the !ectors and .
2'. )he angular momentum of a particle can be e"pressed in the determinant form as
B __________.
3(. )he direction of the angular momentum of a particle mo!ing with !elocity ! in a
circular orbit of radius r is __________ to the direction of the angular !elocity w
which lies along the a"is of rotation.
31. )he centre of gra!ity of uniform circular hoop is at the __________ of the
hoop.
32. )he angular momentum is associated with __________ motion.
33. )he total angular momentum is associated with __________ motion.
34. )he total angular momentum of a system of particles is __________ if the net
e"ternal tor8ue acting on the system is =ero..
3. )he time rate of charge of angular momentum of a body is e8ual to the
__________.
+hapter $ 3 Gra!itation
1. According to the law of gra!itation, e!ery body in the uni!erse attracts
e!ery other body with a force that is directly proportional to the
__________ and in!ersely proportional to the s8uare of the distance between
their centres.
2. *f the distance between two bodies is doubled, the gra!itational force
between them decreases to __________ of its former !alue.
3. *f the distance between two bodies is hal!ed, the force of attraction
between them increases to __________ its former !alue.
4. )he acceleration due to gra!ity is in!ersely proportional to the
__________ of the distance from centre of earth.
. )he force of attraction, which the earth e"erts on a body, is called
__________.
$. 1pring balance is used to determine __________ of a body.
%. )he point of body at which whole weight of the body seems to act is called
__________.
&. *f the force acting on a body is e8ual to its weight then the acceleration
produced in the body is e8ual to __________.
'. )he centre of gra!ity of a body of rectangular shape is the point where its
__________ intersect each other.
1(. __________ is the centre of solar system.
11. )he distance from the centre of the earth to the centre of the moon is
called __________.
12. )he time ta#en by the earth to complete one re!olution around the sun is
__________.
13. )he direction of weight is always toward the centre of the __________.
14. ?ewton made the hypothesis that e!ery body in the uni!erse __________
the other body.
1. )he moon is freely falling to __________.
1$. )he time ta#en by the moon to complete one re!olution around the earth
is __________.
1%. )he acceleration of the moon is __________.
1&. )he moonDs orbit is about __________.
1'. Acceleration due to gra!ity decreases at __________ rate for a point
abo!e the surface of earth then for the same point below the surface of the
earth.
2(. /eight of a body is a __________ 8uantity.
21. )he __________ is responsible for the motion of the planets around the
sun.
22. Artificial gra!ity is produced in a satellite by spinning its own
__________.
23. )he !alue of CgD is in!ersely proportional to the __________ of the radius
of the earth.
24. *f the mass of earth becomes four times then the !alue of CgD will be
__________.
2. )he acceleration due to gra!ity on moon is __________ the acceleration
due to gra!ity on the surface of the earth.
2$. Acceleration due to gra!ity at the centre of the earth is __________.
2%. )he weight of a body at the pole is __________ than at e8uator.
2&. )he gra!itational pull at e8uator is __________ than at poles.
2'. )he force re8uired to pre!ent a body from falling or accelerating in a
frame of reference is called the __________ of the body.
3(. An astronaut in a satellite orbiting around the earth e"periences a state
of __________ because the satellite orbiting with a centripetal acceleration
e8ual to CgD.
31. Artificial gra!ity is produced in the satellite to o!ercome the __________
in the satellite.
32. Artificial gra!ity is produced in the satellite by __________ it about its
own a"is.
33. )he !alue of the a!erage density of the earth is __________ #g<m3.
34. )he dimension of gra!itation constant is __________.
3. )he e"pression for the fre8uency of rotation of the satellite to produce
artificial gra!ity is __________.
+hapter % 3 /or#, 7nergy and 2ower
1. )he nature of wor# is positi!e when the force and displacement are in the
__________ direction.
2. )he dot product of force and !elocity is called __________.
3. /or# is __________ product of force and displacement.
4. 2ower is a __________ 8uantity.
. /or# is a __________ 8uantity.
$. /hen the force and displacement are in the same direction then the wor# is
__________.
%. /hen the force and displacement are in the same direction then the wor# is
__________.
&. )he ability of a body to perform the wor# is called its __________.
'. )he rate of doing wor# of a body is called its __________.
1(. /or# energy e8uation is simply the law of conser!ation of __________.
11. One -oule is e8ual to __________ erg.
12. )he unit of power is __________.
13. )he unit of energy of elementary particles and atoms is __________.
14. )he energy possessed by a body by the !irtue of its motion is called the
__________ energy.
1. )he potential energy of a body is due to its change of __________.
1$. )he wor# done against the gra!itation field is always __________.
1%. )he law of conser!ation of energy states that __________ can neither be
created nor destroyed but it can changed its form.
1&. )he rate of change of momentum multiplied by displacement is called
__________.
1'. /or# done in the gra!itation field is __________ of the path followed.
2(. /or# done in the gra!itation field along a closed path is e8ual to __________.
21. )he source of tidal energy is the rotation of the earth around the __________.
22. )he source of geothermal energy is the __________ in the earthDs interior.
23. )he source of nuclear energy is __________ in hea!y nucleus.
24. 7instein mass energy e8uation is 7 B __________.
2. )he unit of energy is the same as the unit of __________.
2$. )he dimensions of wor# are __________.
2%. 0L2)33 are the dimensions of __________.
2&. )he rate of e"penditure of energy is called __________.
2'. )he amount of wor# done in lifting a body from the surface of the earth to the
=ero point is called __________ energy.
3(. One horsepower is e8ual to __________ watt.
31. One horsepower is e8ual to __________ ft.lb<s
32. )he e"pression for absolute gra!itational potential energy is __________.
33. 1 electron !olt B -oule.
34. 1 giga watt 9G/: B __________ /.
3. 1 ;ilowatt hour 91#/h: B __________ -oules.
+hapter & 3 /a!e 0otion and 1ound
1. )he 1G0 is a __________ motion.
2. )he 1G0 is a motion under __________ force.
3. *n case of 1G0 __________ is proportional to displacement and is always
directed towards mean position.
4. *n 1G0 the system should be free from __________.
. *n 1G0 the system must possess __________.
$. *n 1G0 the amplitude of !ibration remains __________.
%. *n 1G0 the time period of !ibrating body remain __________.
&. )he time period of simple pendulum __________ with its length.
'. )he gra!itational acceleration at a place is in!ersely proportional to the
__________ of its time period of a simple pendulum at that place.
1(. )he simple pendulum comes to rest after some time due to the friction at
the support and __________ resistance.
11. 1tationary wa!es are produced due to the phenomenon of __________.
12. *n stationary wa!es, node are the points at which __________ of the
particles of the medium is =ero.
13. *n standing wa!es, the points at which particles of medium !ibrate
ma"imum amplitude are called __________.
14. *n standing wa!es, at nodes particles, of the medium are under
__________ tension.
1. *n standing wa!es produced in a stretched string, when string is !ibrating
in two loops, the fre8uency of wa!es is e8ual to the __________ of
fundamental fre8uency.
1$. *n standing wa!es produced in a stretched string, the second harmonic is
also called __________ multiple.
1%. 6ecibel is a unit of __________.
1&. )he number of beats produced per second is e8ual to __________ of
fre8uency between the two !ibrating bodies producing beats.
1'. )he phenomenon in the !ariation of __________ of sound due to relati!e
motion of source or obser!er is called 6opplerDs 7ffect.
2(. /hen a listener mo!es towards a stationary source, the pitch of sound
appears to __________.
21. )he e8uation H B f9"3!t: represents a tra!elling wa!e tra!elling towards
__________.
22. )he sound wa!es are __________ and longitudinal wa!es in nature.
23. )he speed of sound wa!es through a gas is __________ to its absolute
temperature.
24. )he particleDs !elocity at antinodes in standing wa!e is __________.
2. )he pitche of a sound note depends upon its __________ of !ibration.
2$. H B 3Aosin #" 9coswt: represents the e8uation of a __________ wa!e.
2%. Another term used for 8uality of sound is __________.
2&. )he characteristic by which one sound can be distinguished from other is
#nown as __________.
2'. )he sound absorbing soft porous materials are used in big hall is order to
ha!e good __________.
3(. Iadar is an abbre!iation of __________.
31. *n standing wa!es the distance between two __________ nodes or
antinodes is e8ual to one wa!elength.
32. *n standing wa!es the distance between one node and nearest antinode is
e8ual to __________ wa!elength.
33. *n standing wa!es the particles !elocity at the nodal point is __________.
34. )he !elocity of sound wa!es in !acuum is __________.
3. /hen sound wa!es tra!el through any gas the phenomena is __________.
+hapter ' 3 /a!e Aspect of Light
1. ?ewton supported __________ theory of light.
2. __________ suggested wa!e theory of light.
3. __________ formulated electromagnetic theory.
4. 2hoton is a __________ of light.
. /a!e theory predicts __________ !elocity of light in material medium then
!acuum.
$. )he first clear demonstration that light is a wa!e phenomenon was made by
__________.
%. )he electromagnetic radiation ha!ing wa!elength between 4(((AA and %(((AA are
called __________.
&. )he electromagnetic radiation of wa!elength more than %(((AA are #nown as
__________.
'. 2hotoelectric effect and +ompton effect supported the __________ theory of
light.
1(. *nterference of light can be e"plained on the basis of __________ theory of
light.
11. )he locus of all points, which are in same state of !ibration, is called
__________.
12. )he points of constructi!e interference are always of __________ intensity.
13. )he points of destructi!e interference are of __________ intensity.
14. A small portion of a spherical wa!e front, at a large distance from the source
becomes almost.
1. )he shape of wa!e front at a !ery small distance from the source of light is
__________.
1$. .or points of constructi!e interference the path difference between two
interfering wa!e is =ero of __________ of the wa!elength.
1%. .or the points of __________ interference the path difference between two
interfering wa!es is odd multiple of half wa!elength.
1&. *f we decrease the distance between slits and screen, in HoungDs 7"periment,
fringe spacing will __________.
1'. *f we decrease the separation between the slits in HoungDs 7"periment the fringe
will __________.
2(. *n HoungDs 7"periment the fringes are e8ually __________.
21. *n HoungDs e"periment the __________ fringe is always bright.
22. A glass plate on which e8ually spaced lines are ruled is #nown as __________.
23. )he distance between two consecuti!e slits of diffraction during grating is #nown
as __________.
24. )o obtain ?ewtonDs Iings a __________ lens of __________ focal length is
re8uired.
2. ?ewtonDs rings are formed due to the phenomena of __________ interference.
2$. *n __________ the central ring may be bright or dar#.
2%. *n thin film interference for destructi!e interference between two interfering
wa!es be __________ or __________ of wa!elength.
2&. *n HoungDs 7"periment two narrow sites are used to obtain __________.
2'. *n 0ichlsonDs interferometer the purpose of beam splitter is to obtain
__________.
3(. *n thin film interference phase coherence is obtained by reflecting the light from
__________ and __________ surface of the air film.
31. ?ewtonDs rings are formed due to __________ film formed between con!e"
surface and plane glass sheet.
32. )he speed of J3rays is __________ to the speed of light.
33. __________ is a special type of interference.
34. )he phenomenon of polari=ation confirms the __________ of light.
3. J3ray diffraction can be obser!ed when they are made incident on __________.
3$. *n case of HoungDs 7"periment the distance between two consecuti!e bright or
dar# fringes is #nown as __________.
3%. )he bending of light around an obstacle or sharp edge is called __________.
3&. )he phenomenon of polari=ation can be used to chec# __________ of optically
acti!e substances in a solution.
3'. )he points at which two sources cancel each other effects are #nown as points
__________ interference.
4(. *f l is the wa!elength of light in a medium of refracti!e inde" n then wa!elength
of light in air l is e8ual to __________