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Law enforcemenL offlcers are frequenLly confronLed wlLh Lhe need Lo galn access Lo someLhlng or someone.
MosL paLrol offlcers don'L carry any speclflc Lools" for galnlng enLry so Lhey musL lmprovlse by uslng duLy
booLs and AS baLons as makeshlfL forclble enLry Lools. Pavlng klcked ln my falr share of doors and broken a
few wlndows wlLh a baLon, l am Lhe flrsL Lo admlL LhaL dolng so ls noL as easy as lL looks on 1v.

ClrcumsLances ofLen dlcLaLe how an offlcer wlll aLLempL Lo galn access Lo someLhlng. ls Lhere an lmmedlaLe
need Lo galn access Lo save llfe or properLy? ls Lhe offlcer ln hoL pursulL of a suspecL who [usL ran lnslde of a
bulldlng and locked a door? ls Lhe offlcer servlng a search warranL and Lhe warranL ls a no knock warranL",
allowlng for forclble enLry wlLhouL noLlfylng Lhe occupanLs? ln some slLuaLlons llke hlgh-rlsk search warranLs
and barrlcaded sub[ecLs, law enforcemenL may use forclble enLry as parL of Lhelr surprlse, speed, and vlolence-
of-acLlon LacLlcs. CLher conslderaLlons for an offlcer maklng a declslon abouL enLry lnclude deparLmenL
pollcles, Lhe offlcer's legal auLhorlLy Lo galn access, and Lhe amounL of damage LhaL may be caused.


lmoqe coottesy of wlklpeJlo

ln oLher non llfe-LhreaLenlng slLuaLlons, law enforcemenL may need Lo galn access Lo a safe, vehlcle, bulldlng,
or oLher locked ob[ecL as parL of an lnvesLlgaLlon. 1hese lncldenLs provlde addlLlonal Llme and opLlons for an
offlcer Lo galn access. Law enforcemenL may call upon Lhe servlces of a locksmlLh Lo asslsL, look around for
spare keys, conLacL landlords, eLc. Lo Lry and galn access wlLhouL forclng enLry.

Cne common call LhaL law enforcemenL responds Lo where access ls frequenLly a problem ls welfare checks.
Cfflcers are usually dlspaLched Lo welfare checks when a person hasn'L been heard from or seen ln an
unusually long Llme or mlssed an appolnLmenL. 1hese calls come from employers who reporL an employee
mlssed work unexpecLedly, a famlly member who can'L geL ln conLacL wlLh Lhelr loved one, Lhe mall carrler
who reporLs LhaL newspapers and mall ls sLacklng up, or Lhe dreaded unusual odor comlng from a resldence"
call.

Welfare checks were never on my Lop-Len llsL of en[oyable calls Lo handle. lL seemed Lo never fall LhaL Lhese
calls would come ln aL nlghL, durlng Lhe graveyard shlfL and aL Lhe creeplesL house ln my beaL. 1he sLandard
proLocol ls Lo look for Lhe obvlous slgns someLhlng ls wrong, looklng lnLo any open wlndows for people LhaL
are dead or allve, checklng for lnsecL acLlvlLy, looklng aL vehlcles aL Lhe home for evldence Lhey have moved
recenLly, and Lalklng wlLh nelghbors. Cnce an offlcer deLermlnes LhaL more llkely Lhan noL Lhere ls someone
lnslde LhaL may need asslsLance or may be deceased, Lhey can enLer Lhe home wlLhouL a search warranL under
Lhe auLhorlLy of communlLy careLaklng laws.

1hese slLuaLlons are challenglng because unless Lhe offlcer can see someone ln dlsLress, klcklng ln Lhe door
and causlng damage ls Lhe lasL Lhlng an agency wanLs. SomeLlmes people [usL leave for vacaLlon and forgeL Lo
Lell anyone, or are admlLLed Lo Lhe hosplLal and dldn'L have Llme Lo noLlfy Lhelr mall carrler or nelghbors. lor
Lhls reason, offlcers are Lralned Lo Lry before you pry", meanlng Lhey wlll check all doors, wlndows, and oLher
access polnLs Lo see lf anyLhlng ls unlocked. lf noLhlng ls unlocked and no keys can be locaLed, Lhe offlcer can
Lry Lo geL a locksmlLh Lo respond or make Lhe declslon Lo force enLry Lo Lhe resldence.

usually Lhe rookle offlcer on Lhe call ls Lhe lucky one who geLs senL ln Lhrough an openlng and Lhen has Lo
unlock a door Lo leL Lhelr backup offlcer ln. lL was always amuslng Lo waLch Lhe offlcer walk as fasL as Lhey
could Lo Lhe door, wlLhouL acLually runnlng. no offlcer wanLs Lo appear boLhered by Lhe facL LhaL Lhey are
alone ln a sLrange home wlLh a posslble dead or dylng person LhaL Lhey may encounLer beLween where Lhey
enLered Lhe home and Lhe door Lo leL Lhelr backup ln. 1he offlcer has no ldea whaL Lhey are golng Lo flnd from
room Lo room. l have found deceased people slLLlng ln Lhelr vehlcle ln Lhe garage, lylng ln bed, on Lhe ground
somewhere wlLhln Lhe house, and even ouLslde ln yards and sheds. 1he cause of deaLh ln some of my cases
ranged from sulclde Lo homlclde Lo naLural causes.

Lmergency responders are Lralned Lo lmaglne Lhe worsL-case scenarlo. MenLally, Lhls ls supposed Lo help a
flrsL responder lf Lhey plcLure Lhe worsL ln Lhelr mlnd's eye and once on-scene are pleasanLly surprlsed. uolng
Lhe opposlLe of hoplng for Lhe besL buL flndlng Lhe worsL can affecL a responder's ablllLy Lo perform because
Lhey become overwhelmed due Lo Lhelr lack of preparaLlon. 1hls can affecL Lhem menLally boLh lmmedlaLely
durlng Lhe lncldenL and ln Lhe fuLure. lL ls for Lhls reason, mosL offlcers go lnLo a welfare check expecLlng Lo
flnd someone who dled a vlolenL deaLh and ls ln advanced sLages of decomposlLlon. 1hen lL ls no blg deal Lo
flnd Lhe vlcLlm recenLly dled of apparenL naLural causes.

Several years ago l heard abouL classes belng offered whlch LaughL law enforcemenL Lhe arL of coverL enLry. l
was accepLed lnLo Lhe course and learned how Lo successfully plck or bypass a wlde varleLy of lock
mechanlsms. Pavlng Lhls sklll caused me Lo geL called ouL Lo asslsL ln search warranLs, welfare checks, chlldren
locked ln vehlcles, and oLher calls for servlce where locks needed Lo be accessed. Lvery one of Lhese calls
could be a blog enLry of Lhelr own, Lhere was never a dull momenL when deploylng Lhese Lools.


5tooJotJ lockplckloq set - lmoqe coottesy of wlklpeJlo

usually, Lhe pollce wanL people Lo know Lhey were lnslde of Lhelr home or buslness. lor example, anyLlme Lhe
pollce serve a normal search warranL and Lhere ls no one presenL aL Lhe LargeL locaLlon, Lhe pollce musL posL
Lhe search warranL ln a consplcuous locaLlon Lo noLlfy Lhe occupanLs. 1here are lnsLances Lhough where Lhe
pollce musL access someLhlng and Lhey don'L wanL anyone Lo know Lhey were Lhere. 1hls ls where coverL"
enLry really comes ln handy.

Law enforcemenL someLlmes has Lhe need Lo enLer a bulldlng [usL Lo look around wlLhouL acLually selzlng any
evldence. 1here are lnsLances where law enforcemenL may need Lo enLer a resldence or buslness ln order Lo
lnsLall Lechnlcal survelllance measures (e.g., cameras and audlo LransmlLLers) or gaLher addlLlonal lnLelllgence.
1hese search warranLs are commonly referred Lo as sneak and peek warranLs, coverL enLry search warranLs,
and surrepLlLlous search warranLs. Law enforcemenL musL be able Lo plck or bypass locks qulckly and quleLly
ln order Lo access Lhese bulldlngs wlLhouL drawlng any aLLenLlon or leavlng evldence behlnd of Lhelr presence.

locket lockplck set - lmoqe coottesy of lockplcks.com

CoverL enLry Lechnlques can also be used Lo save llves and properLy. Several years ago l overheard a radlo call
sendlng paLrol unlLs Lo a local hoLel Lo check Lhe welfare of a posslble sulcldal sub[ecL. AfLer a few mlnuLes,
Lhe paLrol offlcers sLarLed calllng for Lhe flre deparLmenL Lo respond Lo force enLry lnLo Lhe hoLel room.

l declded Lo respond Lo see lf l could be of any asslsLance. When l arrlved, several offlcers were sLandlng
ouLslde of Lhe hoLel room along wlLh Lhe hoLel manager. lor some reason, Lhe hoLel manager's key card
would noL open Lhe door. 1he offlcers Lold me LhaL Lhe sub[ecL called 9-1-1 and sald he had overdosed on
pllls. 1he offlcers also found Lhe sub[ecL's car sLlll ln Lhe parklng loL and were afrald for hls safeLy.

1hls parLlcular hoLel had Lhe sLandard solld-core flre door, deadbolL locks, and a solld meLal frame around Lhe
door. 1he hoLel manager was abouL Lo auLhorlze Lhe flre deparLmenL Lo acLually cuL a whole ln Lhe wall nexL
Lo Lhe door because lL would be easler Lo access Lhe room vla Lhe wall lnsLead of Lrylng Lo pry Lhe door open.
uslng a speclallzed Lool LhaL bypasses Lhe L" sLyle door handles, l was able Lo geL Lhe hoLel room door open ln
abouL 60 seconds. As soon as Lhe door opened, lL hlL Lhe laLch LhaL had been Lhrown on Lhe door. We
lmmedlaLely knew someone was ln Lhe room and we could hear labored breaLhlng (agognal resplraLlons)
comlng from lnslde. 1hls Lype of breaLhlng ls commonly referred Lo as Lhe deaLh raLLle" because of lLs
omlnous sound.


l booJle Joot byposs tool. lboto coottesy of mbooso.com

My nexL Lool ln my bag of Lrlcks was someLhlng called a Lock !ockey, whlch ls speclflcally deslgned Lo bypass
Lhe hoLel Lhrow-laLch. l placed Lhls Lool lnslde of Lhe door and over Lhe laLch, closed Lhe door sllghLly and we
were ln. We had no ldea whaL Lo expecL once we enLered Lhe hoLel room. Sulcldal lndlvlduals are ofLen
homlcldal, so offlcer safeLy was paramounL. As we wenL lnslde Lhe room, we locaLed Lhe man who was
compleLely unconsclous and unresponslve. An empLy plll boLLle was near hlm and he was [usL a few mlnuLes
from resplraLory arresL. 1he paramedlcs rushed ln and began LreaLlng Lhe man and he ulLlmaLely made a full
recovery. 1here ls no doubL LhaL Lhe offlcers and flreflghLers would have galned access Lo Lhls man somehow,
buL Lhe Llme lL would have Laken and Lhe damage ln Lhe process would have been deLrlmenLal.


lock Iockey tool oolotcbloq botel style tbtow-lotcb. llctote coottesy of lockjockey.com

!osh Moulln has a long hlsLory of publlc servlce, beglnnlng ln 1993 as a llreflghLer and LM1. AfLer elghL years of worklng asslgnmenLs
lncludlng, suppresslon, prevenLlon, Lralnlng, and LransporL ambulance, !osh lefL Lhe flre servlce wlLh Lhe rank of LleuLenanL when he
was hlred as a pollce offlcer.
!osh spenL Lhe nexL eleven years ln law enforcemenL worklng varlous asslgnmenLs. !osh worked as a paLrol offlcer, fleld Lralnlng
offlcer, arson lnvesLlgaLor, deLecLlve, forenslc compuLer examlner, sergeanL, lleuLenanL, and Lask force commander.
1he lasL seven years of !osh's law enforcemenL career was spenL as Lhe commander of a reglonal, mulLl-[urlsdlcLlonal, federal cyber
crlme Lask force. !osh oversaw cyber crlme lnvesLlgaLlons and dlglLal forenslc examlnaLlons for over 30 local, sLaLe, and federal law
enforcemenL agencles. under !osh's leadershlp, Lhe forenslcs lab was accredlLed by Lhe Amerlcan SocleLy of Crlme Lab ulrecLors /
LaboraLory AccredlLaLlon 8oard (ASCLu/LA8) ln 2009.
!osh has been recognlzed as a naLlonal experL ln Lhe fleld of dlglLal evldence and cyber crlme and speaks across Lhe naLlon on varlous
Loplcs. Pe has LesLlfled as an experL wlLness ln dlglLal forenslcs and cyber crlme ln boLh sLaLe and federal courL on several occaslons.
Pe also holds a varleLy of dlglLal forenslc and law enforcemenL cerLlflcaLlons, has an assoclaLe's degree and graduaLed summa cum
laude wlLh hls bachelor's degree.
ln 2012 !osh lefL law enforcemenL Lo pursue a fullLlme career ln cyber securlLy, lncldenL response, and forenslcs supporLlng a
naLlonal securlLy federal agency as Lhe MonlLor and ConLrol 1eam Lead. !osh also holds an acLlve 1op SecreL securlLy clearance.
!osh ls happy Lo answer quesLlons for auLhors and can be conLacLed aL hls webslLe hLLp://!oshMoulln.com. !osh ls also on 1wlLLer,
Coogle+, lacebook, ?ou1ube, and Llnkedln whlch can all be found on hls webslLe.

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