How2Pass CCNA/ICND2 Simlet # S14 Open in new window

Q1: From which switch did SWAC! recei"e the #$AN i%&ormatio%'
A%swer: Sw-AC2
()*la%atio%:
The output of show "t* stat+s command indicates the source of vtp information.
Sw-AC3 Con0 is now available
Press Return to get started
Sw-AC3>enable
Sw-AC3#show vtp status
VTP Version:
Con!iguration Revision: "
#a$i%u% V&A's supported lo(all): "0
'u%ber o! e$isting V&A's: *
VTP +perating #ode: Client
VTP ,o%ain 'a%e: ho%e-o!!i(e
-output o%itted>
Con!iguration last %odi!ied b) .*/.01/./2* at 3--03 .:*:01
Consider the last line of the output:
Con!iguration last %odi!ied b) .*/.01/./2* at 3--03 .:*:01
It displays the date and time of the last configuration modification along with the I address of
the switch that caused the configuration change to the data!ase. Once you "now the I address
of the #T server $ %&2.%'(.%.2)& * that updated the #+A, information- use show cd*
%ei,h-or detail command to get the corresponding host name.
Sw-AC3#show cdp neighbor detail
-------------------------
,evi(e 4,: Sw-AC
5ntr) address6es7:
4P address: .*/.01/./2*
Therefore- the switch Sw-AC. received #+A, information from Sw-AC2.
Q2: What address sho+ld -e co%&i,+red as the de&a+lt,atewa. &or the host co%%ected to
i%ter&ace Fa//4 o& SWAC!'
A%swer: %&2.%'(.)).2/)
()*la%atio%:
The output of show "la% on S0-AC. indicates that port 1a23) !elongs to #+A, )) $named as
roduction*.
Sw-AC3# show vlan
V&A' 'a%e Status Ports
---- ------------------ ---------
---------------------------------
. de!ault a(tive 8a09.0
Servers a(tive
33 #anage%ent a(tive 8a09.: 8a09: 8a09": 8a090:
8a093
22 Produ(tion a(tive 8a092: 8a091: 8a09.0: 8a09..
The default gateway for the hosts in this #+A, is the logical router interface configured for
#+A, )). The topology diagram indicates that %&2.%'(.)).2/) is the default-gateway for #+A,
)).
Q!: What i%ter&ace did SWAC! associate with so+rce 0AC address //1/12a/c1&&-a'
A%swer: 1a23%
()*la%atio%:
As you "now the switches use the 4AC address ta!les to forward traffic !etween ports. These
4AC address ta!les include dynamic- permanent- and static addresses. 0e use show mac
addressta-le command see the contents of 4AC address ta!le.
Consider the following line from the output of show macaddressta-le on Sw-AC.:
Vlan #a( Address T)pe Ports
---- -------------- ------- --------
00.0/"a0(/!!ba ,;'A#4C 8a09l
The a!ove line indicates that source 4AC address 22%2./a2c.ff!a is associated with port 1a23%.
In other words the ,IC of the host connected to port 1a23% on Sw-AC. has the 4AC address
22%2./a2c.ff!a.
The entry type is 5ynamic- which means this source 4AC address is learned !y the switch
when frames are received on its ports. The switch adds the source 4AC address and its
associated port num!er to the 4AC address ta!le. As stations are added or removed from the
networ"- the switch updates the 4AC address ta!le- adding new entries and aging out those
which are currently not in use.
Note: In Cisco IOS %2.%6- the command show macaddressta-le has !een replaced !y show
mac addressta-le.
Q4: 3+t o& which *ort o% SwAC! wo+ld a &rame4 co%tai%i%, a% IP *ac5et with a
desti%atio% address4 that is %ot o% a local $AN4 -e &orwarded'
A%swer: 1a23.
()*la%atio%:
The router #+A,-7% is wor"ing as a 8router on stic"8- providing inter-vlan routing function. 9very
pac"et from any #+A, on Sw-AC.- destined for other #+A, or remote networ"s will !e sent to
the router #+A,-7%.
,ow we have to identify the port on Sw-AC.- connecting to #+A,-7%. 1or this purpose the
Cisco IOS provides two very good commands- show cd* %ei,h-or and show cd* %ei,h-or
detail. :ere is an e;tract from the output of show cd* %ei,h-or command:
Sw-AC3#show cdp neighbors
-output o%itted>
,evi(e 4, &o(al 4ntr!(e <olt%e Capabilit) Plat!or%
Port 4,
--------- ------------- ------ ---------- ---------
---------
-output o%itted>
V&A'-R. 8as 093 ."
R 00 8as 090/.
The highlighted line clearly indicate that #+A,-7% is connected to our switch<s port 1a23..
Q2: Which switch is the root -rid,e &or #$AN 1'
A%swer: Sw-5S%
()*la%atio%:
=se the output of show s*a%%i%,tree "la% 1 command and note down the 4AC address of
the 7oot !ridge for #+A, %. Also note down the 7oot port.
Sw-AC3# show spanning-tree vlan .
V&A'000.
Spanning tree enabled proto(ol ieee
Root 4, Priorit) 2"33
Address 000*/e1b/(10
Cost .*
Port . 68ast5thernet09.7
<ello Ti%e se( #a$ Age 0 se( 8orward ,ela) ." se(
=ridge 4, Priorit) 330* 6priorit) 3301 s)s-id-e$t .7
Address 000!/21"/1*00
<ello Ti%e se( #a$ Age 0 se( 8orward ,ela) ."
se(
Aging Ti%e 300
4nter!a(e Role Sts Cost Prio/ 'br T)pe
--------------------------------------------------------------
8a093 ,esg 8>, .* .1/3 Pp
8a09* ,esg 8>, .* .1/* Pp
8a09. Root 8>, .* .1/. Pp
The first highlighted 4AC address !elongs to 7oot !ridge and local ort 1a23%2 is the 7oot port.
The same information is also availa!le on last line of the a!ove output. This means the port
1a23%2 received the least cost >5=s from the 7oot switch. The second highlighted 4AC
address !elongs to the local switch- Sw-AC.. On a 7oot !ridge !oth of the a!ove highlighted
4AC addresses would !e the same.
,ow use show cd* %ei,h-or command to get the host name of the device connected to the
local port 1a23%2.
Sw-AC3# show (dp neighbors
-output o%itted>
,evi(e 4, &o(al 4ntr!(e <olt%e Capabilit) Plat!or%
Port 4,
--------- ------------- ------ ---------- ---------
---------
Sw-,Sl 8as 09. .30 S 4 >S-
C*"0?- 8as 09.
-output o%itted>
The output shows that Sw-5S% is connected to the local port 1a23%2. ?ust use common sense-
loo" at the topology and consider the "eyword 85S8 $stands for 5istri!ution Switch* in the name
of Sw-5S- you can conclude that Sw-5S is the 7oot !ridge.
The other method involves comparing the configured !ridge I5s. 0ith ST ena!led- the switch
with the lowest !ride I5 is elected as the 7oot !ridge. The !ridge I5 is the com!ination of a
priority and a 4AC address on the switch. The priorities are compared first. If a tie occurs- the
4AC addresses are compared. In this case you should use show macaddressta-le and
show s*a%%i%,tree commands.
Additio%al Q+estio%s
In e;am you may encounter some additional @uestions in this Simlet. :ere are some additional
@uestions.
Q: 3+t o& which *orts o% SwAC! will a &rame -e &orwarded that has so+rce 0AC address
//1/12a/c1&d67 a%d desti%atio% 0AC address o& ///a16a481e712' 9Choose three:
Sol+tio%:
It is a tric"y @uestion. 1irst of all- you need to understand how this wor"s. 0hen the switch
receives a frame- it searches the frame<s destination 4AC address in its 4AC address ta!le for
finding the port mapped to this 4AC address. If an entry is found and the port associated with
this 4AC address !elongs to the same #+A, as that of the receiving port $port associated with
frame<s source 4AC address*- the frame is forwarded to the port associated with the destination
4AC address.
:owever- if received frame<s destination 4AC address is not found in the 4AC address ta!le-
the frame is forwarded out all ports in the same #+A, $remem!er- in the same #+A,*- e;cept
the port on which the frame was received.
=se show macaddressta-le command and locate the source 4AC address- note down its
#+A, and port num!er. ,ow search for the destination 4AC address. It will not !e there
$otherwise there will !e only one correct answer*. So- the frame will !e forwarded out all ports-
in the same #+A,- e;cept the port on which it was received. ,ow you can easily choose three
ports in the same #+A,- e;cluding the receiving port.
0as it difficultA Once you understand the concepts- your answer will !e no.
Q: What *orts o% SWAC! are o*erati%, as tr+%5s'
Sol+tio%:
=se show i%ter&aces tr+%5 command to display the trun" information a!out active trun"ing
ports. :ere is a sample output $not from this simlet*.
SwitchB show i%ter&aces tr+%5
ort 4ode 9ncapsulation Status ,ative vlan
1a23) on (22.%@ trun"ing %
1a23' on (22.%@ trun"ing %
ort #lans allowed on trun"
1a23) %-)2&)
1a23' %-)2&)
ort #lans allowed and active in management domain
1a23) %-2- /%-/2
1a23' %-2- /%-/2
ort #lans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
1a23) %
1a23' %-2- /%-/2
The output indicates that port 1a23) and 1a23' are trun"s in this e;ample. 7emem!er- the
a!ove output is not for this Simlet.
Q: ;e&er to the e)hi-it1 Sw< was ta5e% o+t o& the *rod+ctio% %etwor5 &or mai%te%a%ce1 It
will -e reco%%ected to the Fa//7 *ort o& SWAC!1 What ha**e%s to the %etwor5 whe% it is
reco%%ected a%d a tr+%5 e)ists -etwee% the two switches'
()hi-it:
A. All #+A,s e;cept the default #+A,-will !e removed from all switches.
>. All e;isting switches will have the students- admin- faculty- Servers- 4anagement roduction-
and default #+A,s.
C. The #+A,s Servers- 4anagement- roduction- and default will replace the #+A,s on SwC.
5. The #+A,s Servers- 4anagement- roduction- and default will !e removed from e;isting
switches.
Sol+tio%:
=se show "t* stat+s command on Sw-AC. and notice the Configuration 7evision num!er.
Since the new switch is in #T server mode and in the same #T domain- when connected
!ac" it will advertise its #T information into the e;iting networ". If the new switch has a higher
Configuration 7evision num!er- the e;isting networ" switches will accept the #T information
from this new switch. In this case the answer would !e <5<- as stated a!ove.
If the new switch has a lower Configuration revision num!er- the e;isting networ" switches will
ignore the #T information advertised !y SwC- !ut SwC will accept the #T information from
e;isting #T server. The answer in this case would !e <C<- as stated a!ove.
How2Pass CCNA =estlet # 1 Open in new window
7efer to the topology. The diagram represents a small networ" with a single connection to the
Internet. =sing the information shown- answer the five @uestions shown on the Duestions ta!.
Q1: I& the ro+ter ;=1 has a *ac5et with a desti%atio% address 1>211761112224 which
stateme%t -elow descri-es the o*eratio% o& the %etwor5'
A%swer: 7T% will drop this pac"et !ecause it is not a valid I address.
()*la%atio%:
The destination address %&2.%'(.%.2// is the layer . !roadcast address for the su!net
%&2.%'(.%.232)- !ut a router discards !roadcasts !y default- therefore- 7T% will drop this pac"et
!ecause it is not a valid host address.
Q2: ?sers o% the 1>21176111/ /24 %etwor5 m+st access &iles located o% the Ser"er 11 What
ro+te co+ld -e co%&i,+red o% ro+ter ;=1 &or &ile re@+ests to reach the ser"er'
A%swer: ip route 2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 s23232
()*la%atio%:
The default static route command i* ro+te /1/1/1/ /1/1/1/ s///// instructs router 7T% that every
pac"et- received from its +A,- for which it does not has a route in the routing ta!le- should !e
forwarded out its S23232 interface. 0hen the pac"ets reaches router 7T2- it "nows a!out its
directly connected networ" 22&.%'/.222.232). Therefore- the router 7T2 forwards the pac"et to
the Server %.
All other static routes are incorrect.
Note: To set up a static route- use the following synta;:
7outer$config*B i* ro+te {destination_network} {mask} {next_hop_ip | exit_interface} E
administrative_distanceF E*erma%e%tF
5efault route is a special type of static route- representing all destinations and all mas"s as
2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2- as in this case.
Q!: Whe% a *ac5et is se%t &rom Host 1 to Ser"er 14 i% how ma%. di&&ere%t &rames will the
*ac5et -e e%ca*s+lated as it is se%t across the i%ter%etwor5'
A%swer: .
()*la%atio%:
The num!er of frames a pac"et is encapsulated in- is e@ual to the num!er of networ" segments
the pac"et traverses.
Segment %: :ost % to 7T%
Segment 2: 7T% to 7T2
Segment .: 7T2 to Server %.
Q4: What m+st -e co%&i,+red o% the %etwor5 i% order &or +sers o% the I%ter%et to "iew
we- *a,es located o% We- Ser"er 2'
A%swer: On router 7T%- configure ,AT to translate an address on the 22&.%'/.%22.232)
networ" to %&2.%'(.%.%2.
()*la%atio%:
The 0e! Server 2 is using the rivate address space. According to 71C %&%(- the rivate
addresses are not routed on the Internet. This means- users on the IS +A, or !eyond cannot
reach the 0e! Server 2- unless 7T% is configured with ,AT for translating a u!lic I address
$e.g.- some address on the networ" 22&.%'/.%22.232)* to the rivate I address of the 0e!
Server 2 and vice versa.
Q2: =he ro+ter address 1>2117611122/ is the de&a+lt ,atewa. &or -oth the We- Ser"er 2
a%d Host 11 What is the correct s+-%et mas5 &or this %etwor5'
A%swer: 2//.2//.2//.2
()*la%atio%:
+oo" at the 7T% 1a232 I address. It is shown as %&2.%'(.%.2/232). The mas" prefi;- 32)- is
e@ual to 2//.2//.2//.2- that represents the default su!net mas" for a class C networ".