Learning Module in Fishing Gears and Methods Page 1

SEINE NETS
Learning Outcomes
At the end of the Lesson, you are expected to do the following
1. Identify, list, describe, draw and differentiate seine nets
including its classification, structure and operation.
2. List and identify different fishing grounds and dominant species
caught of seine nets in the Philippines, and












Learning Module in Fishing Gears and Methods Page 2



Learning Outcome 1
1. Identify, list, describe, draw and differentiate seine nets
including its classification, structure and operation.

Performance indicator
General description of seine nets is stated,
Each type of seine nets is listed, identified, described and
classified according to its structure and operation.
















Learning Module in Fishing Gears and Methods Page 3

What do you already know?

Let us determine how much you already know about the surrounding nets and
its classification. Take this pretest.

Pretest LO1

1. Which of the following is not a character of seine nets?
a. Bag-shaped
b. Rectangular-shaped
c. With wings
d. Pulled toward stationary boat to effect capture
2. Which of the following seine nets uses tom weight?
a. Beach seine with bag
b. Beach seine without bag
c. Beach seine
d. Boat seine
3. Boat seine is also known as?
a. Beach seine with bag
b. Beach seine without bag
c. Beach seine
d. Danish seine
4. The following are parts of seine nets except
a. Bag
b. Wings
c. Bridle
d. Otter board
5. Beach seine is locally known as
a. Hulbot-hulbot
b. Pukot
c. Daklis
d. Kitang

Learning Module in Fishing Gears and Methods Page 4

What do you need to know?
Read the information sheet ____ very well and then find out how much
you can remember and how much you have learned by doing post-test
___.

Information sheet _____


Seine Nets
Bag-shaped net with two wings and is pulled towards a stationary boat or
onto beach to effect capture
There are two types of seine nets namely: the beach seine and the Danish
seine. The Danish seine evolved from the beach seine in 1950s when its
operation was conducted onboard a small dugout in deeper waters. The
design and operation was further modified until 1960s when it proliferated
in the central Visayas.

Seine Nets
Beach Seine Danish Seine
w/ bag w/o bag
Classification of Seine Nets

Beach Seine

Beach seine with bag beach seine without a bag
the net with a bag resembles a trawl
net with two wings, the body and the
bag or cod-end
the beach seine without a bag has a
specialized construction in the central
part with more slack and smaller
meshes.

Dimension structure and netting of beach seine
Parts Length (m) Netting Mesh Size
Bag 10 20 Nylon multifilament net 210d/6 10 mm
PE net 0.1 dia. 1 mm*
Wings Nylon Multifilament 210/2
210d/9
10 130 mm
Body Nylon Multifilament 210d/4-6 20 35 mm
Pull Ropes 100 400 PE dia. 16 mm N/A
Bridle PE dia. 12 mm N/A
*milkfish fry net
Learning Module in Fishing Gears and Methods Page 5


Monograph of beach seine in Ilocos Norte


Beach seine operation
Shallow water Deeper waters
fishermen just set the 1st pull
rope, followed by the net and
the 2nd pull rope around a
school of fish.
net is stacked in one banca
which may be non-motorized
and towed by a motorized
banca. The banca tows the net
boat while releasing the 1st pull
rope, the net, is followed by the
2nd pull rope in encircling the
fish school.
during the pulling of the ropes
some fishermen observe the net
underwater and remove the
ground rope from snagging
coral stones to prevent damage
to the net and to facilitate faster
pulling of the ropes. Likewise, the
pulling of ropes is done
simultaneously with proper
coordination among the
fishermen.

Learning Module in Fishing Gears and Methods Page 6

Danish seine

Dimension, structure and netting of boat seine
Netting: PE 400d/6-12 with a mesh size of 25 mm
to 60 mm
Scaring Rope: PP or PE dia. 6 mm 15 mm; Length of
200 to 1200 meters
Sinkers and plastics are inserted at
reqular intervals in between the strands
of the ropes.
A stone or concrete tom weight (50
400kg) with two rings.

Fishing vessel used in boat seine operation

Municipal type when using boats of less than 3 gt, and as a
commercial type using boats of more than 3 gt.
In shallow waters (10-30 meters deep), the net is operated by an
outriggered banca 8-10 meters long and powered by a 11-16 hp
engine. Two to four fishermen can operate the gear as the scaring
ropes and the tom weight are manually hauled.
For deeper waters (30-80 meters deep), the net is operated by a larger
outriggered banca 11-15 meters long and powered by an 80-225 hp
diesel engine. An improvised winch coupled to the main engine is used
to pull the ropes and haul the net. There are 5 to 10 fishermen to
operate this gear.


Operation of Danish Seine

The gear is set at the sea bottom to enclose a potential area with
demersal and semi-pelagic fish. After determining the depth of the fishing
ground and current direction, a buoy marker is released.
The banca moves in a semicircular direction while continuously paying
out the left scaring rope, left wing, body, bag, right wing and the right
scaring rope.
On reaching the buoy marker, the end of the right scaring rope is secured.
The ends of the left and right scaring ropes are passed through the twin
ring tom weight assembly. The tom weight is then dropped into the water
and the rings slide through the scare ropes until it reaches the bottom.
Immediately, hauling of the ropes starts. This may be done manually or by
a winch. As the net wings reach the tom weight, both are hauled until the
catch is on deck for sorting.
The gear is then arranged for the next operation.
Learning Module in Fishing Gears and Methods Page 7

How Much Have You Learned?

Post-test ____

Multiple Choice. Choose the correct answer.
1. Pull ropes of beach seine ranges from?
a. 100 400 m
b. 10 40 m
c. 1 4 m
d. 1 4 km
2. The following are parts of beach seine except?
a. Bag
b. Wings
c. Bridle
d. Tom weight
3. The first step in setting Danish seine operation
a. Hauling
b. Dropping of tom weight
c. Determining the depth and current of the fishing ground
d. Release of marker buoy
4. A stone or concrete weighing 50 400 kg with two rings dropped into the
water and the rings slide through the scare ropes until it reaches the
bottom.
a. Scaring rope
b. Marker buoy
c. Tom weight
d. Wings
5. Mesh size of the beach seines bag
a. 20 mm
b. 30 mm
c. 40 mm
d. 10 mm
Drawing and Illustration. Perform the following
1. Draw and illustrate the operation of Danish and beach seine

Learning Module in Fishing Gears and Methods Page 8

Learning Outcome 2
1. List and identify different fishing grounds and dominant species caught of
seine nets in the Philippines

Performance indicator
Each seine net fishing ground is identified in Philippine map
Each species caught by seine nets is identified and differentiated from
each other

































Learning Module in Fishing Gears and Methods Page 9

What do you already know?

Let us determine how much you already know about the surrounding nets
fishing grounds and dominant species caught. Take this pretest.

Pretest LO2

True or False. Write True if the statement is true and false if otherwise.
1. Beach seine is more productive in commercial seine net
fishing.
2. Danish seine is more productive in municipal seine net
fishing.
3. Anchovies is the most dominant catch of commercial
beach seine.
4. Threadfin bream s the most dominant species caught by
commercial Danish seine.
5. Seine nets can be used in coral reef areas.























Learning Module in Fishing Gears and Methods Page 10

What do you need to know?
Read the information sheet ____ very well and then find out how much
you can remember and how much you have learned by doing post-test
___.

Information sheet _____

Municipal and commercial production of beach seine and Danish seine
Seine Nets
1994 1995
Municipal Commercial Municipal Commercial
Beach Seine 57,216 696 40,101 1,114
Danish Seine 17,146 74,509 93,325 93,325

Dominant species caught of commercial beach seine (AAICHMHSFS)
Species Volume
Percentage to
Commercial Beach Seine
Production
Acetes 14,359 21.29
Anchovies 10,099 14.96
Indian sardines* 8,635 12.8
Crevalle 4,441 6.59
Hairtail 6,630 9.39
Moonfish 6,108 9.06
Hardtail 4,541 6.73
Slipmouth 6,519 9.83
Frimbrated sardines 4,519 6.7
Snapper 1,777 2.64
Presently identified as Lemuru sardine (Sardinella lemuru)

Dominant species caught of commercial Danish seine (STGICRRSLT)
Species Volume Percentage to Total
Danish Seine Production
Slipmouth 14,359 21.29
Threadfin bream 10,099 14.96
Goat fish 8,635 12.8
Indo-Pacific Mackerel 4,441 6.59
Crevalle 6,630 9.39
Roundscad 6,108 9.06
Red bulls eye 4,541 6.73
Squid 6,519 9.83
Lizard fish 4,519 6.7
Therapon, grunt 1,777 2.64
Learning Module in Fishing Gears and Methods Page 11


Areas/regions of the Philippines where beach seine is used
Beach Seine Danish Seine
Ilocos Norte Quezon
La Union Cavite
Zambales Laguna
Iloilo Cebu
Bohol Bohol



































Learning Module in Fishing Gears and Methods Page 12


How Much Have You Learned?

Post test ____

I. Identify the following species. Give their local or English names, if possible,
give their scientific names.

Note: Still need to provide for the pictures of dominant species caught by seine
nets.

II. Rank them in order from highest to lowest percentage of production.

Dominant species caught by commercial beach seine

Indian sardines
Snapper
Crevalle
Hairtail
Moonfish
Hardtail
Slipmouths
Acetes
Anchovies
Fimbriated sardines

Dominant species caught by commercial Danish seine

Threadfin Bream
Goatfish
Lizardfish
Squid
Therapon, Grunt
Indo-pacific Mackerel
Crevalle
Red bulls eye
Goatfish
Slipmouth