International Journal of Advance Foundation and Research in Computer (IJAFRC)

Volume 1, Issue 7, July !1"# I$$% &"' ( "')&

& * + !1", IJAFRC All Ri,hts Reserved ---#i.afrc#or,
/i,h $peed and 0o- 1o-er 2ulti3and 4rtho,onal
Fre5uency 6ivision 2ultiple7in, $ystem
Miss. Priyanka Haigune, Prof. R. N. Mandavgane, Prof. M. N. Thakre
Student, M. Tech IIyr, Department f !"ectronics and Te"ecommunication !ngineering,
Head of Department f !"ectronics and Te"ecommunication !ngineering, #ssociate professor,
Department f !"ectronics and Te"ecommunication !ngineering
$D%!, Se&agram '&ardha(,
!)mai"* haigunepriyanka+gmai".com, rmandavgane+rediffmai".com,mnt,ent+rediffmai".com

A 8 $ 9 R A C 9

9his paper presents hi,h speed and lo- po-er 28(4F62 system to the hi,h speed applications#
In latest years re5uirement for hi,h speed data spread has enlar,ed, -ith the speedy
development of di,ital communication# 9he speed for the desi,n is achieved -ith the pipelined
architecture# Also the FF9:IFF9 plays an important role in achievin, hi,h speed and less po-er
consumption# FF9:IFF9 is the 3ase of 28(4F62 system# In transmitter section modulation of the
si,nals is done -ith IFF9 controller -hile FF9 is use for demodulations in receiver section# 9he
speed of the system is achieved as "723ps -ith ";m< po-er consumption of the system# 6evice
use is very less and dual port memory helps to reduce the po-er consumption# 9hus, this system
can 3e efficiently us for hi,h speed applications#

Inde7 terms ( F62A, 28(4F62, 2C2, 4rtho,onal Fre5uency 6ivision 2ultiple7in, (4F62), ultra
-ide 3and (=<8)

I# I%9R46=C9I4%

-DM &as first deve"oped in the ./01s, in "atest years. Mu"ti)$and rthogona" -re2uency Division
Mu"tip"e3ing System 'M$)-DM( depends on the -DM system. rthogona" -re2uency Division
Mu"tip"e3ing '-DM( is the modu"ation techni2ue. It has 4een used in most &ire"ess as &e"" as &ired
communication standards. rthogona" -re2uency Division Mu"tip"e3ing '-DM( is a mu"ti)carrier
modu"ation 'M%M( techni2ue in &hich the e3isting spectrum is divided into many carriers. -DM uses
the spectrum a4"y compared to -DM# 4y spacing the channe"s much c"oser together and making a""
carriers orthogona" to one another to prevent interference 4et&een the c"ose"y spaced carriers. #n
e3ce""ent method for high)speed ce""u"ar data communication is M$)-DM system. Mu"ti)$and
rthogona" -re2uency Division Mu"tip"e3ing 'M$)-DM( is a correct so"ution to&ards e3ecution of high
speed data transmission in u"tra &ide4and spectrum '56$( 4y dividing the spectrum given into mu"tip"e
4ands. rthogona" fre2uency division mu"tip"e3ing '-DM(, it provides a proficient means to hand"e
high)speed data streams over a mu"tipath fading environment. 6ire"ess mu"ticarrier modu"ation 'M%M)
-DM( is a techni2ue of transmitting data 4y dividing the input data stream into para""e" su4)streams
that are each modu"ated and mu"tip"e3ed onto the channe" at different carrier fre2uencies.

II# 0I9>RA9=R> R>VI><
Mu"ti)$and rthogona" -re2uency Division Mu"tip"e3ing 'M$)-DM( is an ans&er for imp"ementation of
high speed data transmission in u"tra &ide4and spectrum '56$( 4y distri4uting the offered spectrum
into many 4ands. The structure of M$)-DM system transmitter is introduced 7.8 and the design of
International Journal of Advance Foundation and Research in Computer (IJAFRC)
Volume 1, Issue 7, July !1"# I$$% &"' ( "')&
&& * + !1", IJAFRC All Ri,hts Reserved ---#i.afrc#or,
transmitter 4ase4and 4ased on -P9#. The 4ase4and of transmitter is one of the key parts in -DM
system. The output of a"" modu"es considered sho&s that it has reached the e3pected purpose 4oth in
precision and resource, &ith simp"icity and high efficiency. It can encounter the demand of M$)-DM
systems. The resu"ts indicate that the timing of each modu"e is true for meeting re2uirement. The origin
for the design of M$)-DM system is provided 4y 4ase4and of transmitter 7.8.
-DM transmitter and receiver is 4ased on 6:#N for 4etter optimi;ed po&er and timing for #SI%
Imp"ementation. RT: synthesis of transmitter and receiver 4"ocks &ithout '<iter4i( decoder is used in
the receiver section of the system. The Punctured %onvo"ution %oding 'P%%( is used to improve the data
rate and 4and&idth is improved &ith =uadrature #mp"itude Modu"ation techni2ues '=#M(. -DM is
design using I--T>--T contro""er 7?8. To increase the data rate separate c"ock are used for modu"ator >
demodu"ator in transmitter>receiver section respective"y. To reduce po&er uti"i;ation Mu"ti)<TH
princip"es and %"ock gating are app"ied. Nove" circuit design schemes have 4een emp"oyed for rea"i;ation
of optima" hard&are and po&er efficient architecture. This a""o&s the high)speed transmission system.
Imp"ementing "o& po&er techni2ues, the hard&are e"ements can 4e reduced and it "eads to "ess po&er
consumption 7?8.
rthogona" -re2uency Division Mu"tip"e3ing '-DM( is the most capa4"e modu"ation techni2ue. It has
4een adopted 4y most &ire"ess and &ired communication standards. The design is to uti"i;e a num4er of
carriers, spread repeated"y over a fre2uency 4and, in such that the avai"a4"e 4and&idth is uti"i;ed to
ma3ima" efficiency. In this paper the design and imp"ementation of -DM on a -ie"d Programma4"e 9ate
#rray '-P9#( device has 4een presented. This architecture enhances its speed &ith the use of @.A)
point--T '-ast -ourier Transform( a"gorithm. The system is design to optimi;e 4oth area and speed. The
imp"ementation &as made on -P9# since it a""o&s e"asticity in design and a"so it can achieve higher
computing speed than digita" signa" processors. #n area and speed efficient techni2ue using -P9# has
4een proposed to -DM so that it can 4e efficient"y used in &ire"ess communication app"ication 7.18.

III. 28(4F62 $?$9>2@
M$)-DM system provides very high speed for app"ication. 5"tra)6ide4and '56$( Techno"ogy 4rings
the e3pediency and mo4i"ity of &ire"ess communications to high)speed connects devices a"" over the
digita" home and offices. This techno"ogy ena4"es &ire"ess connection for transmitting video, audio, and
other data &ith high data speed and "o& po&er consumption instead of &ired connection. 5"tra)
6ide4and '56$( cou"d 4e used for data communication. Mu"ti4and)-DM standard is one so"ution for
56$ techno"ogy. The standard aims at the transmission of high data rates. Mu"ti4and)-DM 56$
so"ution he"ps the "o& po&er re2uirement. #n advantage of mu"ti4and approach is that the average
transmitted po&er is the same as a system designed to operate over the entire 4and&idth. ther
advantages of mu"ti4anding inc"ude processing the information over much sma""er 4and&idth &hich
reduces po&er consumption and "o&ers cost, improving spectra" f"e3i4i"ity and &or"d&ide comp"iance.
M$)-DM system has t&o section i.e. transmitter and receiver.
M$)-DM system main"y depends on --T '-ast -ourier transform(. Hence it can 4e ca""ed as 4ase of M$)
-DM system. # fast -ourier transform '--T( is an a"gorithm to compute the discrete -ourier transform
'D-T( and its inverse. #n --T computes the D-T and produces e3act"y the same resu"t as eva"uating the
D-T definition direct"yB the on"y difference is that an --T is much faster. In the presence of round)off
error, many --T a"gorithms are a"so much more accurate than eva"uating the D-T definition. In the fie"d
of digita" signa" processing -ast -ourier transforms '--T( and its inverse 'I--T( is one of the fundamenta"
a"gorithms. The --T>I--T is genera""y used in various areas such as te"ecommunications, speech and
International Journal of Advance Foundation and Research in Computer (IJAFRC)
Volume 1, Issue 7, July !1"# I$$% &"' ( "')&
&" * + !1", IJAFRC All Ri,hts Reserved ---#i.afrc#or,
image processing, etc. --T>I--T s one of the important part of the Physica" "ayer 'PHC( of rthogona"
-re2uency Division Mu"tip"e3ing '-DM( 4ased on &ire"ess 4road4and communication system. The
re2uirement esta4"ishes cha""enges for "o& po&er and high speed --T design.

Fi,ure 1# 8locA dia,ram of 28( 4F62 system#
A# 9ransmitter
In e"ectronics and te"ecommunications a transmitter or radio transmitter is descri4e as an e"ectronic
device &hich, &ith the he"p of an antenna, produces radio &aves. Transmitter section of M$)-DM is
descri4ed as 4e"o&
#n I--T contro""er in the transmitter section data sym4o"s are modu"ated using =#M. #n inverse --T is
computed on each set of sym4o"s, giving a set of comp"e3 time)domain samp"es. These samp"es are then
2uadrature)mi3ed to pass 4and in the standard &ay. #n -DM carrier signa" is the sum of a num4er of
orthogona" su4)carriers, &ith 4ase4and data on each su4)carrier 4eing independent"y modu"ated
common"y using some type of 2uadrature amp"itude modu"ation '=#M(. The data 4its are transmitted
and are passed through I--T contro""er. The transmitted -DM sym4o"s are output of transmitter section
and this output is use as an input for receiver section for demodu"ation of signa"s.

Fi,ure # 8locA dia,ram of transmitter section#
8# Receiver
Receiver section of M$)-DM is descri4ed as 4e"o&*
#t receiver side, data sym4o"s are received and demodu"ated 4y the --T contro""er. Receiver is an
e"ectronic device that receives radio &aves and converts the information carried 4y them to a usa4"e
form. It is used &ith an antenna. The sym4o"s of transmitter section are received and are demodu"ated
and origina" data 4its are received as output of receiver.
International Journal of Advance Foundation and Research in Computer (IJAFRC)
Volume 1, Issue 7, July !1"# I$$% &"' ( "')&
&) * + !1", IJAFRC All Ri,hts Reserved ---#i.afrc#or,

Fi,ure &# 8locA dia,ram of receiver section#
IV# $I2=0A9I4% R>$=09
Simu"ation of the design system is done using mode"sim soft&are. The "anguage use for coding is <HD:
"anguage. <HD: is an acronym for <HSI% '<ery High Speed Integrated %ircuit( Hard&are Description
:anguage. It is intended for documenting and mode"ing digita" systems ranging from a sma"" chip to a
"arge system. It can 4e used to mode" a digita" system at any "eve" of construction ranging from the
architectura" "eve" do&n to the gate "eve" 7@8. --T is the 4ase of M$)-DM system. --T is use in receiver
section for demodu"ation of the signa"s. I--T is use in transmitter section for modu"ations of the signa"s.
The simu"ation of --T coding is sho&n 4e"o&*



Fi,ure "# $imulation of FF9

The data 4it, &hich is transmitted from the transmitter section, is modu"ated &ith the he"p of I--T
contro""er. The same sym4o" is achieved at the receiver section after demodu"ation &ith --T contro""er.
The simu"ation of M$)-DM system is sho&n 4e"o&*

International Journal of Advance Foundation and Research in Computer (IJAFRC)
Volume 1, Issue 7, July !1"# I$$% &"' ( "')&
&; * + !1", IJAFRC All Ri,hts Reserved ---#i.afrc#or,


Fi,ure )# 9he simulation of 28(4F62 system
The input data use is 11111111.11.11... The resu"t sho&s the data 4its are received as same as
transmitted from transmitter. The design summary of the system is given 4e"o&*
A# 6evice =tiliBation $ummary
04CIC =9I0IDA9I4% =$>6 AVAI0A80> =9I0IDA9I4%
Num4er of s"ice
registers
?D ?0@0 1E
Num4er of s"ice :5TS DA /D.A 1E
Num4er of s"ice :5T --
pair
F? /D.A 1E
Num4er of 4onded
I$S
D? /A D0E
Num4er of $5-9 . A? ?E
High speed and "o& po&er is achieved &ith M$)-DM system. The speed of the system is gained &ith the
pipe"ine architecture use for the design. The --T use is F point &hich he"ps to increase the speed.
--T>I--T is the essentia" section of physica" "ayer of communication system. --T>I--T a"gorithms shou"d
4e chosen for e3ecution of speed, hard&are comp"e3ity is reduced. --T '-ast -ourier Transform(>
'Inverse -ast -ourier Transform( I--T are the main 4"ocks in M$) -DM system. They are important in
achieving high speed signa"s.

V# C4%C0=$I4%
M$)-DM system is one of the efficient &ay for imp"ementing high speed data transmission for &ire"ess
communications. M$)-DM '56$( offers high data rates access for &ire"ess communications. M$)-DM
can 4e used in high speed app"ications as &e"" as ce""u"ar data transmission. Design is simu"ated using the
mode"sim soft&are. The design uses very "ess device and hence it gives very high speed and a"so the
system is po&er efficient. The proposed design is &e"" suited for high speed app"ications.
VI# R>F>R>%C>
International Journal of Advance Foundation and Research in Computer (IJAFRC)
Volume 1, Issue 7, July !1"# I$$% &"' ( "')&
&7 * + !1", IJAFRC All Ri,hts Reserved ---#i.afrc#or,
7.8 GuHinsong :u Giaochun 6u Haitao ,$ianCuIing, JouDecai, JouGiao"ong, 6ang %haogang.
EImp"ementation of M$)-DM Transmitter $ase4and $ased on -P9#K , pu4"ished in circuit and
system for communication,s I!!!A11F, pp @1)@?.
7A8 R. Simon Sherratt, s&a"do %adenas, Nomita 9os&amiand Sou Makino L#n !fficient :o& Po&er
--T Imp"ementation for Mu"ti4and -u"")Rate 5"tra)6ide4and '56$( Receivers I!!!A11@, pp
A1/)A.?.
7D8 Nei" 6este and David H. Ske""ernL<:S" for -DMK Mac2uarie 5niversity and Radiata
%ommunications. I!!! %ommunication Maga;ine, cto4er .//Fpp .AM).D1.
7?8 Mamidi.NagaraIu and Mada"a.Rakesh LHigh)Speed and :o&)Po&er #SI% Imp"ementation of -DM
Transceiver $ased on 6:#N 'I!!! F1A...a(K pu4"ished in devices, circuits and systems'I%D%S(
A1.A internationa" conference, pp ?D0)?D/.
7@8 M.#. Mohamed, #.S. Samarah, M.I. -ath #""ah L# Nove" imp"ementation of -DM using -P9#.K
pu4"ished in 'IH%SNS( Internationa" Hourna" of %omputer Science and Net&ork Security, <:...
No..., Novem4er A1..,pp ?D)?F
708 Mateus $eck -onseca, Hoao $aptista S. Martins, !duardo a. %esar da %osta. LDesign of Pipe"ined
$utterf"ies from Radi3)A --T &ith Decimation in Time #"gorithm using !fficient #dder
%ompressorsK I!!!A1.., pp ?..A)?.AD.
7M8 Thesis report $y* Jhi Cong :i, NHITL-DM transceiver design &ith -P9# and Demo on D!A)M1
4oard.K
7F8 #nuI$atra, Haiganesh$a"akrishnan, 9. Ro4erto #ie""o,Heffrey R. -oerster, and #nandDa4ak,L Design
of a Mu"ti4and -DM System for Rea"istic 56$ %hanne" !nvironmentsK I!!! TR#NS#%TINS N
MI%R6#<! TH!RC #ND T!%HNI=5!S, <:. @A, N. /, S!PT!M$!R A11? pp A.AD)A.DF.
7/8 Master thesis 4y -rancisco MartNn 9utiOrre; LImp"ementation of a T3>R3 -DM System in a
-P9#K pp .)0/.
F.1G Shaminder Paur, RaIesh Mehra M! Student, !%! Department, NITTTR, %handigarh, India).011./
#ssociate Professor, !%! Department, NITTTR, %handigarh, India).011. L -P9# Imp"ementation
of -DM Transceiver using --T #"gorithmK pu4"ished at Internationa" Hourna" of !ngineering
Science and Techno"ogy 'IH!ST( pp .@DA).@DM.