II Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ -¨¡-E-¢√®Ωç 18 -´÷-Ja 2006

Sridhar: Who do I see here? Giridhar! what a
surprise! (I have) been thinking you
are still in Dubai. What brings you
here so suddenly?
(á´®Ω÷? TJ-üµ¿®√ Ǩ¡a-®Ωuçí¬ ÖçüË!
†’Nyçé¬ ü¿’¶«-ß˝’™ ÖØ√o´-†’-èπ◊ç-
ô’Ø√o. Ö†oô’xçúÕ É™« ÜúÕ°æ-úø-ö«-EéÀ
鬮Ω-ù-¢Ë’çöÀ?)
Giridhar: Because dad wanted me here
urgently for my sisters wedding
engagement. Though he wanted me
yesterday morning itself, I could be
here only last night. I tried my best,
but I could not get the ticket for the
earlier flight.
sister
(´÷ EPa-û√-®√n-EéÀ ´÷ Ø√†o
††’o ¢ÁçôØË ®Ω´’t-Ø√oúø’. Çߪ’† ††’o
E†o §Òü¿’lØËo Ééπ\-úø’ç-úø-´’-†o-°æp-öÀéÀ, E†o
®√vAéÀ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ Ééπ\-úø’ç-úø-í∫-L-í¬†’.
Åçûªèπ◊´·çü¿’ flight èπ◊ áçûª v°æߪ’-Aoç-
*Ø√ ticket üÌ®Ω-éπ-™‰ü¿’.
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 128
Giridhar: You and I have known him since our
College days. He was our junior at
college by two years. He is Eswar. He
is a software man in the US. As he
has to be back in the states by the
month end, he is in a hurry.
Sridhar: It is Eswar. Is it? A good choice. A
nice young man.
Giridhar: Since my sister too a B.Tech, he
hasn't demanded any dowry. yet the
marriage is going to cost us a lot, as Clause 7: as they want the marriage to be a Since/ Ever since he came here, he has
they want the marriage to be a grand grand affair been good to me.
affair, ÉO because/ as/ since clauses, since claus-
¢√∞¡Ÿx °Rx °∂æ’†çí¬ ï®Ω-§ƒ-©-Ø√o®Ω’ 鬕öÀd.
sister B.Tech es í∫’Jç-*† N≠æߪ’ç. Practice them thor-
(´÷ èπÿú≈ 鬕öÀd, éπôoç O’®Ω’ í∫´’-EçîË Öçö«®Ω’. É´Fo 鬮Ω-ù«©’ ûÁLÊ°
oughly.
àç Åúø-í∫-™‰ü¿’. é¬E °RxéÀ ´÷èπ◊ ¶«í¬ØË clauses éπü∆. Oô-Eoç-öÀE, because/ as/ since
PRACTICE THE FOLLOWING IN ENGLISH
ê®Ωa-´-¶-ûª’çC, ¢√∞¡Ÿx °Rx °∂æ’†çí¬ îËߪ÷- ûÓ ¢ËöÀ-ûÓØÁjØ√ v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµç-îª-´îª’a. Oô-EoöÀ Å®Ωnç
©-Ø√o®Ω’ 鬕öÀd) Å®·-†ç-ü¿’-´-©x/-áç-ü¿’-îË-ûª-†ç-õ‰/-é¬-•öÀd ÅE. Vasanth:
àçöÀ †’´¤y E†o ®√™‰ü¿’?
A Grand affair = íÌ°æp N≠æ-ߪ’ç/- °∂æ’†çí¬ ïJÍí 1) áçúøí¬ Öçúøôç ´©x •ßª’öÀéÀ ¢Á∞¡}™‰ü¿’. Hemanth:
®√¢√-©E v°æߪ’-Aoç-*-†-°æpöÀéà ®√™‰-éπ-§Ú-
N≠æߪ’ç. Affair: ÅÊ°∂Å – Ê°∂ ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç = I haven't gone out because it is hot (as it is
ߪ÷†’. ´÷ ´÷´’-ߪ’u-¢√∞¡Ÿx ´Ææ’hç-úøôç
N≠æߪ’ç. hot/ since it is hot)
´©x ÉçöxØË ÖçúÕ-§Ú-¢√Lq ´*açC.
Sridhar: When is the marriage? Vasanth: Phone îËÆ œ ®√´ôç ™‰ü¿E îÁ°æp-™‰üËç?
2) As he did not start on time, he missed the
Giridhar: The 17th this month. only 12 days Hemanth: ؈’ î˨»†’, é¬F †’¢Áy-ûªh-™‰ü¿’. †’¢Áyç-ü¿’èπ◊
bus
left. îËߪ’-™‰ü¿’?
(Ñ ØÁ© 17†. 12 ®ÓV™‰ N’T-©’-Ø√o®·) Time èπ◊ •ßª’-™‰l-®Ω-™‰ü¿’ 鬕öÀd bus Åçü¿’-éÓ-™‰ü¿’. Vasanth: Ø√ cell out of order Å®·-†ç-ü¿’-´©x
Last Lesson ™ wh words ûÓ ¢Á·ü¿-©ßË’u sub- (Ééπ\úø, as •ü¿’©’, because/ since ¢√úø-´îª’a) îËߪ’-™‰-éπ-§Úߪ÷. E†o §Òü¿’l† éÀçü¿ °æúÕ-†-
ordinate clause îª÷¨»ç éπü∆. Éûª-®Ω -®Ω-鬩 sub- 3) Since/
is
as/ because
successful
he knows English well he
Hemanth:
°æpöÀ †’ç* ÅC ÆæJí¬ °æE îËߪ’-õ‰xü¿’.
Land phone †’ç* áçü¿’èπ◊ îËߪ’-™‰ü¿’?
ordinate clauses É°æ¤púø’ îª÷ü∆lç.
Vasanth: ¢Ë’ç bill îÁLxç-îª-†ç-ü¿’-´©x ÅC discon-
nect Å®·çC.
Hemanth: Öü¿ßª’ç ´’≤ƒ© üÓÂÆ A†o-°æp-öÀoç*, Ø√èπ◊

Although Ganguly
ry...scored a centu-
´’ûª’hí¬ ÖçC. ÉçöÀ-ÈéRx Evü¿-§Úû√. Bye.
ANSWER
Vasanth: Why didn't you come yesterday?
Hemanth: Though I tried to come, I could not
(come).
Study the following
Because dad wanted... engage-
í∫´’-Eéπ: English ¶«í¬ ûÁ©’Ææ’ é¬•öÀd, Åûª†’ Nïߪ’ç I had to be/ to stay at home since /
subordinate clauses
ment - sentence
ÉC clause
é¬ü¿’ éπü∆, §Òçü¿’-ûª’-Ø√oúø’. as/ because my uncle was coming.
from the conversation
conversation
´÷vûª¢Ë’ clause
™ Éô’-´çöÀ Now look at clause 2: Vasanth: Why didn't you phone me (that) you
above:
writing
¢√úø-´îª’a, because
™ clause
ûÓ Though he wanted me here yesterday itself were not coming?
1) Because dad wanted
begin main clause
îËÆœ, ™‰èπ◊çú≈ ¢√úøç. E†o ØËEéπ\úø Öçú≈-©E Çߪ’† ņ’-èπ◊-†o-°æp-öÀéÃ. Hemanth: I called you, but you didn't respond.
me here urgently Why didn't you phone?
Wedding engagement = °Rx -E-Pa-û√-®Ωnç/- Though = although = even though Å®·-†-°æp-
2) Though he wanted me öÀéÃ, ÉC èπÿú≈ conversation™ common. Vasanth: Because/ as/ since my phone is out
flight =
û√ç-•÷-™«©’ °æ¤îª’a-éÓ-´ôç. N´÷†ç. M. SURESAN
here yesterday itself. a) Åûªúø’ Ç©-Ææuçí¬ °æúø’-èπ◊-†o-°æp-öÀéà ûªy®Ωí¬ Evü¿-™‰-≤ƒhúø’ of order. Ever since/ since it fell
3) What he is, where he is from and whether he
(°æéÀ~ áí∫-®Ωôç èπÿú≈)
Though/ although/ even though he goes to down yesterday morning it hasn't
Sridhar: When is the engagement? is in India or abroad bed late, he gets up early. been working well.
(Engagement á°æ¤púø’?) clauses; wh subor-
(ÉN ´‚úø’ ¢Á·ü¿öÀ È®çúø÷ b) bus
Åûªúø’ °æ-®Ω’-Èí-Ah-†-°æp-öÀéÃ, Åçü¿’-éÓ-™‰-éπ-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’ Hemanth: Why didn't you phone from/ use your
Giridhar: The day after tomorrow. Dad has dinate clauses, whether clause.
*´-JC OöÀE Though he ran, he could not catch the bus. land phone?
none to help him, so he asked me last lesson
í∫’Jç* ™ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊Ø√oç éπü∆) c) Although/ though/ even though Ganguly Vasanth: As/ since/ because we had not paid
here urgently. 4) since we met the bill they disconnected it.
scored a century, his team lost the match
(á©’xçúÕ Ø√†oèπ◊ Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç îËߪ’-ú≈-EéÀ 5) as he has to be back in the states by the í∫çí∫÷M century team
éÌöÀd-†-°æp-öÀéÃ, Çߪ’† ãúÕ- Hemanth: Since/ Ever since I ate masala dosa
á´®Ω÷ ™‰®Ω’, Åçü¿’-éπE †Eo-éπ\-úÕéÀ ¢ÁçôØË month end. §Ú-®·çC. in the morning I've been drowsy. I'd
®Ω´’t-Ø√o®Ω’) 6) since my sister too is a B.Tech Look at clause no. 4 now. go home and sleep. Bye.
Sridhar: Happy to hear that she is getting
engaged. Congrats to her. But why
7) as they want the marriage to be a grand
affair.
Since we met - Ñsince èπ◊ Å®Ωnç as/ because v°æ¨¡o: 1) -O’®Ω’ -äéπ Lesson The Wife and
™
since
ÅE é¬ü¿’. Ééπ\úø èπ◊ Å®Ωnç, í∫ûªç™ ã Ææç°∂æ’- husband have a good understanding
this hurry? Ñ subordinate clauses ÅFo èπÿú≈daily real
life situation
ô† ïJ-T-†-°æpöÀ †’ç*, í∫ûªç™ °∂晫Ø√ time †’ç* for each other grammat-
ÅØ√o®Ω’. é¬F
sister
O’ EPa-û√®Ωnç ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’-†oç-ü¿’èπ◊ ™ Å´-Ææ-®Ω¢Ë’ éπü∆. ÉN ï®Ω-í∫ôç
´©x, Åü¿™« Å®·†-°æp-öÀéÀ, °∂晫† N≠æ-ߪ’ç/-Ææç-°∂æ’- ÅE. icalí¬ Man and Wife ÅØ√-L-éπü∆!
î√™« ÆæçûÓ-≠æçí¬ ÖçC. Ç¢Á’èπ◊ Ø√ ¨¡Ÿ¶µ«- Since we met = ´’†ç éπ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊-†o-°æpöÀ†’ç* 2) ™„ô®˝™ *´®Ω Yours faithfully ÅE
é¬ç-éπ~©’. Å®·ûË Éçûª £æ«ú≈-N-úËçöÀ?) ô† ïJT†°æpöÀ †’ç*, Åü¿™« Å®·Ø√ èπÿú≈ a) If not even minute since we met (Giridhar
And you haven't told me who the
É™«çöÀ ¶µ«¢√©ûÓ Ö†o Ñ clauses †’ ´’†ç ®√≤ƒhç-éπü∆! DE Å®Ωnç N´JçîªçúÕ.
Eûªuç conversation ™ ¢√ú≈-Lq† °æJ-Æœn-ûª’©’ ņôç)
-ï-¢√-•’:
bride groom is, what he is, where he
–¢ÁØ√o *-ôd-¶«s®·, é¬éÀ-Ø√úø
áØÓo. Åçü¿’-éπE practice them well and fill ´’†ç éπ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊-†o-°æp-öÀ-†’ç*/ éπ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊E EN’-≥ƒ-
is from, and whether he is in India or your conversation with ideas. ©Ø√o Å´-™‰ü¿’. 1) Husband and wife/ wife and husband ņôç,
abroad Look at the clauses No 1, 5, 6 and 7 b) Since India became independent 58 years
accepted usage - Éçü¿’™ ûªÊ°p癉ü¿’. Man
Observe that they begin with because, as, have passed
(°Rx-éÌ-úø’-Èé-´®Ó, àç îËÆæ’hç-ö«úÓ, à Ü®Ó, and wife èπÿú≈ correct, Å®·ûË -É-C éÌçîÁç for-
India ™ Öçö«ú≈, NüË-¨»™x Öçö«ú≈ and since. ¶µ«®Ω-ûª-üË-¨»-EéÀ ≤ƒyûªçvûªuç ´*a 58 à∞¡Ÿx í∫úÕ-î√®·. mal. áèπ◊\´ ¢√úø’-éπ™ Ö†oC husband and wife.
†’´¤y Éçûª-´-®ΩÍéç îÁ°æp-™‰ü¿’ ) É™«çöÀ clauses - because/ as/ since
Åçõ‰, c) Hi Arun, it is ages since we met 2) Yours faithfully; Ñ expression, formal letters
Giridhar: O you are too impatient. It is not even clauses ™because = as = since = Å®·-†ç-ü¿’- (°æ©-éπ-Jç°æ¤ ´÷ô) Ê°®Ω’ûÓ é¬èπ◊çú≈, (Dear) Sir/ Madam ÅE Ææç¶-
minutes since we met, you shoot ´©x. ´’†ç éπ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊-†o-°æp-öÀoç*/ éπ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊E ߪ·í¬©’ CµçîË î√-™« formal letters ™ ´·Tç-°æ¤í¬
question after question. Will you let Clause 1: Because dad wanted me here (ages) Åߪ÷u®·. ¢√úøû√ç éπü∆. DEéÀ §ƒûª ®Ω÷°æç: I am/ I remain.
me talk? urgently d) Since the time he came here, he has been Your faithful servant xxx. v°æñ«-≤ƒy´’u
(Fèπ◊ ã®Ω’p-™‰ü¿’. ´’†ç éπ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊E Ø√†o ††’ourgent í¬ Ééπ\úø 鬢√-©-†oç-ü¿’-´©x. troubling me v°æ¶µ«´ç ´©x, servant ÅØËC §Ú®·, faithfully
EN’-≥ƒ-©-®·Ø√ Å´-™‰ü¿’. v°æ¨¡o© ¢Áçô Clause 5: as he has to be back in the states by ¢√úÕ-éπ\úÕéÀ ´*a-†-°æpöÀ †’ç< Ø√èπ◊ É•sçC éπLT-Ææ’h- yours, O’ N¨»yÆ槃vûª’-úÁj†/ O’èπ◊ ÅEo N≠æ-ߪ÷©’
the month end. Ø√oúø’. (faithful) Ö†o-ü¿’-†o-ô’xí¬ ûÁ©’p-èπ◊ç-ô’†o O’¢√úø’–
v°æ¨¡o -èπ◊-J-°œç-îË-Ææ’h-Ø√o´¤. ††’o ´÷ö«x-úø-
Åûª†’states (America) ™ ØÁ™«-ê-®Ω’éÀ Å®·ûË since Åçõ‰ because/ as Å®ΩnçûÓ èπÿú≈ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ÖçúËC. É°æ¤úø’ faithfully yours,
E-≤ƒh¢√?)
Sridhar: Ok, Go ahead.
AJT Öçú≈-Lq-†ç-ü¿’-´©x ¢√úøôç ´©x confusion Öçô’çC 鬕öÀd, since yours faithfully í¬ ´÷JçC. éÌçûª´’çC faith-
Clause 6: Since my sister too is a B.Tech (Å°æpöÀ †’ç* ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ) ever since ÅE èπÿú≈ fully yours faithfully
( ¢√úø’-ûª’ç-ö«®Ω’. Ééπ\úø
sister B.Tech
ÆæÍ®...é¬F) ´÷ èπÿú≈ 鬕öÀd. Åçö«®Ω’. ņôç ®√Æœ†N Eï¢Ë’ ÅE ûÁ-LÊ°ç-ü¿’èπ◊.
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm