Electronics and Communication Engineering

(For Punjab State)

VARIOUS SUBJECTS
IN
SECOND YEAR
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Sr.No. Subjects Page No(s)
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Semester III 85-!8
3.1. Electronic Instruments and Measurements 86
3.2 Principles of Communication Engineering 89
3.3 Digital Electronics 93
3.4 Electronic Devices and Circuits 98
3.5 Electrical Machines 102
3.6 om!uter "rogramming and #!!lications 106

Semester I" !#-$#
4.1 $et%or& 'ilters and (ransmission )ines 110
4.2 ommunication *+stems-I 114
4.3 "o%er Electronics 11,
4.4 Micro!rocessor 120
4.5 Electronic Design and 'a-rication (echni.ues 123
4.6 /eneric *&ills and Entre!reneurshi! De0elo!ment 126
Entrepreneurial Awareness Camp 129
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85
3.1 ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS AND MEASUREMENT
L T P
4 - 2
RATIONALE
In the real world of work the technician is required to handle wide variety of instruments while testing,
trouble shooting, calibration etc. the study of this subect will help students to gain the knowledge of
working principles and operation of different instruments. During practical sessions, he will acquire the
requisite skills.
DETAILED CONTENTS
!. "asics of #easurements $%& hrs'
#easurement, method of measurement, types of instruments
(pecifications of instruments) *ccuracy, precision, sensitivity, resolution, range, errors in
measurement, sources of errors, limiting errors, loading effect, importance and applications of
standards and calibration
+. ,oltage, Current and -esistance #easurement $!+ hrs'
- Principles of measurement of dc voltage, dc current, ac voltage, ac current, Principles of
operation and construction of permanent magnet moving coil $P##C' instruments
- #oving iron type instruments, measurement of d.c voltage and current, measurement of
ac voltage and current, milli.volt measurement
- "lock diagram of multimeter and measurement of voltage, current and resistance using
multimeter
- (pecifications of multimeter and their applications
- /imitations with regard to frequency and input impedance
0. Cathode -ay 1scilloscope $!% hrs'
- Construction and working of Cathode -ay 2ube$C-2'
- 2ime base operation and need for blanking during flyback, synchroni3ation
- "lock diagram description of a basic C-1 and triggered sweep oscilloscope, front panel
controls
- (pecifications of C-1 and their e4planation
- #easurement of current, voltage, frequency, time period and phase using C-1
- C-1 probes, special features of dual beam, dual trace, delay sweep
- Digital storage oscilloscope $D(1' ) block diagram and working principle
86
5. (ignal 6enerators and *nalytical Instruments $%7 hrs'
- E4planation of block diagram specifications of low frequency and -8 generators, pulse
generator, function generator
- Distortion factor meter9 wave analyser and spectrum analyser
:. Impedance "ridges and ; #eters $!5 hrs'
- <heat stone bridge
- *C bridges) #a4well=s induction bridge, >ay=s bridge, De.(auty=s bridge, (chering bridge
and *nderson bridge
- "lock diagram description of laboratory type -/C bridge, specifications of -/C bridge
- "lock diagram and working principle of ; meter
&. Digital Instruments $!5 hrs'
- Comparison of analog and digital instruments
- <orking principle of ramp, dual slope and integration type digital voltmeter
- "lock diagram and working of a digital multimeter
- #easurement of time interval, time period and frequency using universal
counter?frequency counter
- <orking principle of logic probe, logic pulser, logic analy3er, logic comparator, signature
analy3er and logic analy3er
LIST OF PRACTICALS
!. 2o observe the loading effect of a multimeter while measuring voltage across a low resistance and
high resistance
+. 2o observe the limitations of a multimeter for measuring high frequency voltage
0. #easurement of voltage, frequency, time period and phase using C-1
5. #easurement of rise time and fall time using C-1
:. #easurement of ; of a coil and its dependence on frequency
&. #easurement of voltage, frequency, time and phase using D(1
@. #easurement of resistance and inductance of coil using -/C "ridge
7. #easurement of distortion of -8 signal generator using distortion factor meter
A. Bse of logic pulser and logic probe
8,
!%. #easurement of time period, frequency, average period using universal counter? frequency
counter
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
2he subect requires both theory and practical emphasis simultaneously, so that the student can
understand the practical significance of the various areas. ,isits to instrumentation and
communications industries must be carried out, so as to make the students can understand where and
how the various instruments are used in the industry.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
!. Electronics #easurement and Instrumentation by *C (awhney, Dhanpat -ai and (ons, Dew Delhi
+. Electronics #easurement and Instrumentation by 1liver, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt /td, Dew
Delhi
0. Electronics Instrumentation by Cooper, Prentice >all of India, Dew Delhi
5. Electronics 2est and Instrumentation by -aiv (apra, Ishan Publications, *mbala
:. Electronics Instrumentation by E" 6upta, (atya Prakashan, Dew Delhi
SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR FACILITATING THE PAPER SETTER
Sr.
No.
Topic Tim A!!o""#
$%r&'
M(r)&
A!!o*("io+,
!. "asics of #easurements & :
+. ,oltage, Current and -esistance #easurement !+ +%
0. Cathode -ay 1scilloscope !% !:
5. (ignal 6enerators and *nalysis Instruments 7 !%
:. Impedance "ridges and ; #eters !5 +:
&. Digital Instruments !5 +:
To"(! -4 1..
88
3.2 PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
/ 2 P
5 . +
RATIONALE
2he study of principles of communication systems leads to further speciali3ed study of audio and
video systems, line communications and microwave communication systems. 2hus the diploma.
holder in Electronics and Communication Engineering shall find employment in areas of - and D,
production, servicing and maintenance of various communication systems. 2he students should
understand the advantage and limitations of various analog and digital modulation systems on a
comparative a scale and relate to them while studying practical communication systems.
DETAILED CONTENTS
!. Introduction $%5 hrs'
a' Deed for modulation, frequency translation and demodulation in communication systems
b' "asic scheme of a modern communication system.
+. *mplitude modulation $%& hrs'
a' Derivation of e4pression for an amplitude modulated wave. Carrier and side band
components. #odulation inde4. (pectrum and "< of *# <ave. -elative power distribution
in carrier and side bands.
b' Elementary idea of D(".(C, ((".(C, I(" and ,(" modulations, their comparison, and
areas of applications
0. 8requency modulation $%& hrs'

a' E4pression for frequency modulated wave and its frequency spectrum $without Proof and
analysis of "assel function' #odulation inde4, ma4imum frequency deviation and deviation
ratio, "< and 8# signals, Carson=s rule.
b' Effect of noise on 8# carrier. Doise triangle, -ole of limiter, Deed for pre.emphasis and de.
emphasis, capture effect.
c' Comparison of 8# and *# in communication systems
5. Phase modulation $%& hrs'
Derivation of e4pression for phase modulated wave, modulation inde4, comparison with
frequency modulation.
:. Principles of #odulators $!% hrs'
<orking principles and typical application as)
89
. (qaure /aw #odulator
. (witching #odulator
. Collector modulator
. "ase #odulator
. "alanced #odulator
. -ing #odulator
&. Principles of 8# #odulators $%& hrs'
<orking principles and applications of reactance modulator, varactor diode modulator, ,C1
and *rmstrong phase modulator. (tabili3ation of carrier for using *8C "lock diagram
approach'.
@. Demodulation of *# <aves $%& hrs'
a' Principles of demodulation of *# wave using diode detector circuit9 concept of Clipping
and formula for -C time constant for minimum distortion $no derivation'
b' Principle of demodulation of *# <ave using synchronous detection.
7. Demodulation of 8# <aves $%& hrs'
a' "asic principles of 8# detection using slope detector
b' Principle of working of the following 8# demodulators
. 8oster.(eeley discriminator
. -atio detector
. ;uadrature detector
. Phase locked /oop $P//' 8# demodulators
A. Pulse #odulation $!5 hrs'
a' (tatement of sampling theorem and elementary idea of sampling frequency for pulse
modulation
b' "asic concepts of time division multiple4ing $2D#' and frequency division multiple4ing
$8D#'
c' P*#, PP#, P<#
90
d' Pulse code #odulation $PC#' "asic scheme of PC# system. ;uantisation, quantisation
error, companding, block diagram of 2D#.PC# communication system and function of
each block. *dvantages of PC# systems. Concepts of differential PC# $DPC#'
e' Delta #odulation $D#'
"asic principle of delta modulation system, advantages of delta modulation system over
PC# system. /imitations of delta modulation, concept of adaptive delta modulation
$*D#'
LIST OF PRACTICALS
!. a' 2o observe an *# wave on C-1 produced by a standard signal generator using internal
and e4ternal modulation
b' 2o measure the modulation inde4 of the wave obtained in above practical
+. a' 2o obtain an *# wave from a square law modulator circuit and observe waveforms
b' 2o measure the modulation inde4 of the obtained wave form.
0. 2o obtain an 8# wave and measure the frequency deviation for different modulating signals.
5. 2o obtain modulating signal from an *# detector circuit and observe the pattern for different
-C time constants and obtain its optimum value for least distortion.
:. 2o obtain modulating signal from a 8# detector .
&. 2o observe the sampled signal and compare it with the analog input signal. Dote the effect of
varying the sampling pulse width and frequency on the sampled output.
@. 2o observe and note the pulse amplitude modulated signal $P*#' and compare them with the
corresponding analog input signal
7. 2o observe PP# and P<# signal and compare it with the analog input signal
A. 2o feed an analog signal to a PC# modulator and compare the demodulated signal with the
analog input. *lso note the effect of low pass filter at the demodulated output.
!%. 2o study the process of delta modulation?demodulation
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
2he subect requires both theory and practical emphasis simultaneously, so that the student can
understand the practical significance of the various areas. ,isits to instrumentation and
communications industries must be carried out, so as to make the students can understand where and
how the various instruments are used in the industry.
91
RECOMMENDED BOOKS

$!' Electronics Communication (ystem by Cennedy, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt /td,
Dew Delhi
$+' 8undamentals of Communication (ystem by 8it3, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt /td,
Dew Delhi
$0' Principles of Communication Engineering by 2aub, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt /td,
$5' Electronics Communication by C( Eamwal, Dhanpat -ai and Co, Dew Delhi
$:' -adio Engineering by 6C #ittal, Channa Publishers, Dew Delhi
$&' Principles of Communication Engineering by D- *rora, Ishan Publications, *mbala
$@' Communication Engineering by * Cumar
$7' Principles of Communication Engineering by #ano Cumar, (atya Prakashan, Dew Delhi
$A' Principles of Communication Engineering by *nokh (ingh, (.Chand and Co., Dew Delhi
$!%' Principles of Communication Engineering by -oody , Coolin
SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR FACILITATING THE PAPER SETTER
Sr.
No.
Topic Tim A!!o""#
$%r&'
M(r)&
A!!o*("io+
!. Introduction 5 :
+. *mplitude modulation & !%
0. 8requency modulation & !%
5. Phase modulation & !%
:. Principles of #odulators !% !:
&. Principles of 8# #odulators & !%
@. Demodulation of *# <aves & !%
7. Demodulation of 8# <aves & !%
A Pulse #odulation !5 +%
To"(! -4 1..
92
3.3 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
$Commo+ i+ E!*"ro+i*& $/P'0 Com12"r E+330 I.T (+# ECE'
/ 2 P
5 . 0
RATIONALE
2his syllabus has been designed to make the students know about the fundamental principles of
digital electronics and gain familiarity with the available IC chips. 2his subect aims to give a
background in the broad field of digital systems design and microprocessors.
DETAILED CONTENTS
!. Introduction $%+ hrs'
a' Distinction between analog and digital signal.
b' *pplications and advantages of digital signals.
+. Dumber (ystem $%5 hrs'
a' "inary, octal and he4adecimal number system) conversion from decimal and
he4adecimal to binary and vice.versa.
b' "inary addition, subtraction, multiplication and division including binary points. !=s and
+=s complement method of addition?subtraction, sign magnitude method of
representation, floating point representation
0. Codes and Parity $%5 hrs'
a' Concept of code, weighted and non.weighted codes, e4amples of 75+!, "CD, e4cess.0
and 6ray code.
b' Concept of parity, single and double parity and error detection
c' *lpha numeric codes) *(CII and E"CDIC.
5. /ogic 6ates and 8amilies $%@ hrs'
a' Concept of negative and positive logic
b' Definition, symbols and truth tables of D12, *DD, 1-, D*DD, D1-, EF1- 6ates, D*DD
and D1- as universal gates.
$c' /ogic family classification)
. Definition of ((I, #(I, /(I, ,/(I
. 22/ and C #1( families and their sub classification
. Characteristics of 22/ and C #1( digital gates. Delay, speed, noise margin, logic levels,
power dissipation, fan.in, power supply requirement and comparison between 22/ and
C #1( families
93
:. /ogic (implification $%& hrs'
a' Postulates of "oolean algebra, De #organ=s 2heorems. ,arious identities. 8ormulation
of truth table and "oolean equation for simple problem. Implementation of "oolean
$logic' equation with gates
b' Carnaugh map $upto 5 variables' and simple application in developing combinational
logic circuits
&. *rithmetic circuits $%& hrs'
a' >alf adder and 8ull adder circuit, design and implementation.
b' >alf and 8ull subtracter circuit, design and implementation.
c' 5 bit adder?subtracter.
d' *dder and (ubtractor IC $@575'
@. Decoders, #ultiple4eres and De #ultiple4eres $%& hrs'
a' 8our bit decoder circuits for @ segment display and decoder?driver ICs.
b' #ultiple4ers and De.#ultiple4ers
c' "asic functions and block diagram of #BF and DE#BF. Different types and ICs
7. /atches and flip flops $%& hrs'
a' Concept and types of latch with their working and applications
b' 1peration using waveforms and truth tables of -(, 2, D, #aster?(lave EC flip flops.
c' Difference between a latch and a flip flop
d' 8lip flop ICs
A. Counters $7 hrs'
a' Introduction to *synchronous and (ynchronous counters
b' "inary counters
c' Divide by D ripple counters, Decade counter.
d' Pre settable and programmable counters
e' Bp?down counter
f' -ing counter with timing diagram
g' Counter ICs
!%. (hift -egister $%@ hrs'
Introduction and basic concepts including shift left and shift right.
a' (erial in parallel out, serial in serial out, parallel in serial out, parallel in parallel out.
b' Bniversal shift register
c' "uffer register, 2ristate "uffer register
d' IC @5A:
94
!!. *?D and D?* Converters $%7 hrs'
a' <orking principle of *?D and D?* converters
b' "rief idea about different techniques *?D conversion and study of )
(tair step -amp *?D converter
Dual (lope *?D converter
(uccessive *ppro4imation *?D Converter
c' Detail study of )
"inary <eighted D?* converter
-?+- ladder D?* converter
d' Performance characteristics of *?D and D?* converter.
e' *pplications of *?D and D?* converter.
LIST OF PRACTICALS
!. ,erification and interpretation of truth tables for *DD, 1-, D12 D*DD, D1- and E4clusive
1- $EF1-' and E4clusive D1-$EFD1-' gates
+. . -ealisation of logic functions with the help of D*DD or D1- gates
. Design of a D1- gate latch and verification of its operation
0. 2o design a half adder using F1- and D*DD gates and verification of its operation
Construction of a full adder circuit using F1- and D*DD gates and verify its operation
5. 5 bit adder, +=s complement subtractor circuit using an 5 bit adder IC and an F1- IC and
verify the operation of the circuit.

:. 2o design a D1- 6ate /atch and verification of its operation
& ,erification of truth table for positive edge triggered, negative edge triggered, level triggered
IC flip.flops $*t least one IC each of D latch , D flip.flop, EC flip.flops'.

@. ,erification of truth table for encoder and decoder ICs, #u4 and De#u4
7. 2o design a 5 bit (I(1, (IP1, PI(1, PIP1 shift registers using EC?D flip flops and verification
of their operation.
A. 2o design a 5 bit ring counter and verify its operation.
!%. *synchronous Counter ICs
,erification of truth table for any one universal shift register IC
Bse of IC @5A% or equivalent 22/ $a' divide by + $b' divide by !% Counter
1-
Bse of IC @5A0 or equivalent 22/ $a' divide by + $b' divide by 7 $c' divide by !& counter
No"4 A5o6 71rim+"& m(8 1r9r(5!8 5 #o+ o+ Br(# Bo(r#&.
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
95
2he digital systems in microprocessors have significant importance in the area of electronics.
*dequate competency needs to be developed by giving sufficient practical knowledge in
microprocessors $programming as well as interfacing', *?D, D?* Converters and other topics. >elp
may be taken in the form of charts, simulation packages to develop clear concepts of the subect.
Programming e4ercises other than the tested in circulation may be given to the students.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1.

Digital Electronics and *pplications by #alvino /each, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt /td,
Dew Delhi
+. Digital /ogic Designs by #orris #ano, Prentice >all of India, Dew Delhi
0. Digital Electronics by (oumitra Cumar #andal, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt /td,
5. Digital Electronics by , C (angar , -a Publishers, Ealandhar
:. Digital Electronics by 2okheim, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt /td,
&. Digital 8undamentals by 2homas 8loyds, Bniversal "ook (tall
@. Digital Electronics by -P Eain, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt /td, Dew Delhi
7. Digital Electronics by C( Eamwal, Dhanpat -ai and Co., Dew Delhi
A. Digital Electronics by -aiv (apra, Ishan Publication, *mbala
!%. Digital Electronics by "- 6upta, Dhanpat -ai G Co., Dew Delhi
!!. Digital (ystems) Principles and *pplications by -E 2occi, Prentice >all of India, Dew Delhi
!+. Digital Electronics by -aaraman ,., Prentice >all of India, Dew Delhi
!0. 8undamentals of Digital Electronics by Daresh 6upta, Eain "rothers, Dew Delhi
SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR FACILITATING THE PAPER SETTER
Sr.
No.
Topic Tim A!!o""#
$%r&'
M(r)&
A!!o*("io+
!. Introduction + :
+. Dumber (ystem 5 :
0. Codes and Parity 5 :
5. /ogic 6ates and 8amilies @ !:
:. /ogic (implification & !%
&. *rithmetic Circuits & !%
@. Decoders, #ultiple4ers and Demultiple4ers & !%
7. /atches and 8lip flops & !%
A Counters 7 !%
!%. (hift -egisters @ !%
!!. *?D and D?* Converter 7 !%
96
To"(! -4 1..
9,
3.4 ELECTRONIC DE:ICES AND CIRCUITS
/ 2 P
5 . 0
RATIONALE
>aving attained basic knowledge of electronic devices like diodes, transistors, and elementary circuits,
in second semester, this course will enable the students to learn about the use of transistors in analog
circuits like power amplifier, multistage amplifier, oscillators, wave shaping circuits and in multivibrators
etc. It also gives information about timer, operational amplifier, voltage regulator, ICs and their
applications for effective functioning in the field of electronic service industry.
DETAILED CONTENTS
1. #ultistage *mplifiers $%7 hrs'
a' Deed for multistage amplifier
b' 6ain of multistage amplifier
c' Different types of multistage amplifier like -C coupled, transformer coupled, direct
coupled, and their frequency response and bandwidth
2. /arge (ignal *mplifier $%7 hrs'
a' Difference between voltage and power amplifiers
b' Importance of impedance matching in amplifiers
c' Class *, Class ", Class *", and Class C amplifiers, collector efficiency and Distortion in
class *,",C
d' (ingle ended power amplifiers, 6raphical method of calculation $without derivation' of out
put power9 heat dissipation curve and importance of heat sinks. Push.pull amplifier, and
complementary symmetry push.pull amplifier
3. 8eedback in *mplifiers $%7 hrs'
a' "asic principles and types of feedback
b' Derivation of e4pression for gain of an amplifier employing feedback
c' Effect of feedback $negative' on gain, stability, distortion and bandwidth of an amplifier
d' -C coupled amplifier with emitter bypass capacitor
e' Emitter follower amplifier and its application
5. (inusoidal 1scillators $%7 hrs'
a' Bse of positive feedback
b' "arkhausen criterion for oscillations
c' Different oscillator circuits.tuned collector, >artley, Colpitts, phase shift, <ien=s bridge,
and crystal oscillator. 2heir working principles $no mathematical derivation but only
simple numerical problems'
98
:. 2uned ,oltage *mplifiers $%5 hrs'
a' (eries and parallel resonant circuits and bandwidth of resonant circuits
b' (ingle and double tuned voltage amplifiers and their frequency response characteristics
&. <ave (haping Circuits $%5 hrs'
a' 6eneral idea about different wave shapers
b' -C and -/ integrating and differentiating circuits with their applications
c' Diode clipping and clamping circuits and simple numerical problems on these circuits
@. #ultivibrator Circuits $%7 hrs'
a' <orking principle of transistor as switch
b' Concept of multi.vibrator) astable, monostable, and bistable and their applications
c' "lock diagram of IC::: and its working and applications
d' IC::: as monostable and astable multi.vibrator
7. 1perational *mplifiers $%& hrs'
a' Characteristics of an ideal operational amplifier and its block diagram
b' Definition of differential voltage gain, C#--, P(--, slew rate and input offset current
c' 1perational amplifier as an inverter, scale changer, adder, subtractor, differentiator, and
integrator
d' Concept of (chmitt trigger circuit and sample?hold circuit using operational amplifier and
their application
A. -egulated DC Power (upplies $%5 hrs'
a' Concept of DC power supply. /ine and load regulation
b' Concept of fi4ed voltage, IC regulators $like @7%:, @A%:', and variable voltage regulator
like $IC @+0'
!%. 1pto Electric Devices $%5 hrs'
<orking principles and characteristics of photo resistors, photo diodes, photo transistors, opto
couplers.
!!. ,C1 $IC :&:' and P// $IC :&&' and their *pplications $%+hrs'
LIST OF PRACTICALS
$!' Plot the frequency response of two stage -C coupled amplifier and calculate the bandwidth and
compare it with single stage amplifier
$+' 2o measure the gain of push.pull amplifier at !C>3
$0' 2o measure the voltage gain of emitter follower circuit and plot its frequency response
$5' Plot the frequency response curve of >artley and Colpitts 1scillator
99
$:' Plot the frequency response curve of phase shift and <ein bridge 1scillator
$&' 2o observe the output waveforms of series and shunt clipping circuits
$@' 2o observe the output for clamping circuits
$7' Bse of IC ::: as monostable multivibrator and observe the output for different values of -C
$A' Bse of IC ::: as astable multivibrator and observe the output at different duty cycles
$!%' 2o use IC @5! $op.amplifier' as
i' Inverter, ii' *dder, iii' (ubtracter iv' Integrator
$!!' 2o reali3e positive and negative fi4ed voltage *C power supply using three terminal voltage
regulator IC $@7%:, @7!+, @A%:'
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
2his subect being of fundamental importance for diploma holders in electronics engineering and
related fields, emphasis on conceptual understanding may be given by taking the help of charts,
simulation packages etc. (ufficient e4ercises may given to the students in single stage and multi.stage
amplifier circuits in addition to simple e4ercises in fabricating and testing of various simple d.c
circuits. 2he students may be encouraged to perform some additional practical e4ercises apart from
the list provided.
LIST OF RECOMMENDED BOOKS
$!' "asic Electronics and /inear Circuits by DD "hargava, 2ata #c6raw >ills, Dew Delhi
$+' Electronic Principles by (ahdev, Dhanpat -ai and (ons, Dew Delhi.
$0' Electronics Principles by #alvino, 2ata #c6raw >ills, Dew Delhi
$5' Electronic Devices and Circuits by #illman and >alkias, #c6raw >ills, Dew Delhi
$:' Electronics Devices and Circuits by "hupinderit Caur,modern Publishers, Ealandhar
$&' "asic Electronics by 6rob, 2ata #c6raw >ills, Dew Delhi
$@' *rt of Electronics by >orowit3
$7' Electronic Circuit 2heory by "oylstead
$A' Electronic Devices and Circuits by "/ 2heraa, ( Chand and Co /td. Dew Delhi
$!%' 1perational *mplifiers and /inear Integrated Circuits by -amakant *. 6aykwad
$!!' Electronics Devices and Circuits by -ama -eddy, Darosa Publishing >ouse Pvt. /td., Dew
Delhi
$!+' Electronics Devices and Circuits.II by -aesh Cumar, Eagle Prakashan, Ealandhar
100
SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR FACILITATING THE PAPER SETTER
Sr.
No.
Topic Tim
A!!o""#
$%r&'
M(r)&
A!!o*("io+
!. #ultistage *mplifiers %7 !:
+. /arge (ignal *mplifier %7 !:
0. 8eedback in *mplifier %7 !:
5. (inusoidal 1scillators %7 !%
:. 2uned ,oltage *mplifiers %5 :
&. <ave (haping Circuits %5 :
@. #ultivibrator Circuits %7 !%
7. 1perational amplifiers %& !%
A. -egulated power supplies %5 :
!%. 1pto Electric Devices %5 :
!!. ,C1 G P/C and their *pplication %+ :
To"(! -4 1..
101
3.; ELECTRICAL MACHINES
/ 2 P
5 . +
RATIONALE
Electrical machines is a subect where a student will deal with various types of electrical machines
which are employed in industries, power stations, domestic and commercial appliances etc. *fter
studying this subect, diploma holder in Instrumentation and Control must be competent to repair and
maintain these machines and give suggestions to improve their performance. Practical aspects of the
subect will make the students capable of performing various tests on the machines as per latest "I(
specifications
DETAILED CONTENTS
!.
2hree Phase (upply
- *dvantage of three.phase system over single.phase system.
- (tar Delta connections
- -elation between phase and line voltage and current in a three phase
system
- Power and power factor in three.phase system and their measurements by
one, two and three wattmeter methods.
$& hrs'
+. 2ransformers
Principle of operation and constructional details of single phase and three.phase
transformer, core type and shell type transformers, difference between single
phase and three phase transformers and their applications.
- ,oltage -egulation of a transformer $Do Derivation'
- /osses in a transformer
- Efficiency, condition for ma4imum efficiency and all day efficiency
- *uto transformers and instrument transformer
- C2s and P2s $Current transformer and potential transformer'
. C,2 $Constant ,oltage 2ransformer'
$!% hrs'
0. Introduction to -otating Electrical #achines
- E.#.8 induced in a coil rotating in a magnetic field.
- Definition of motor and generator
- "asic principle of a generator and a motor
- 2orque due to alignment of two magnetic fields and the concept of 2orque
angle
- "asic Electromagnetic laws $8araday=s laws of Electromagnetic Induction'
$!% hrs'
102
5. DC #achines
- Principle of working of d.c motors and d.c generator, their constructional
details
- 8unction of the commutator for motoring and generating action
- 8actors determining the speed of a DC motor
- Different types of e4citation
- Characteristics of different types of DC machines
- (tarting of DC motors and starters
- *pplication of DC machines
$!5 hrs'
:.
*.C. #otors
- -evolving magnetic field produced by poly phase supply
- "rief introduction about three phase induction motors, its principle of
operation
- 2ypes of induction motors and constructional features of squirrel cage and
slip.ring motors
- (tarting and speed control
- (tar Delta and D1/ $Direct.on.line' starters.
- -eversal of direction of rotation of 0.phase induction motors
- *pplications of induction motors
- Principle and working of (ynchronous #achines
- *pplication of (ynchronous #achines
-
$!+ hrs'
&. (ingle Phase 8ractional Cilowatt #otors
- Introduction
- Principle of operation of single phase motors
- 2ypes of single phase induction motors and their constructional details $i.e.
split phase, capacitor start, capacitor start and run, shaded pole and
reluctance start'
- (ingle phase synchronous motors H reluctance motor $ hysteresis motor'
- Commutator type single.phase motors H -epulsion Induction motor, *C
series motor and universal motors
- Introduction to servo. motors and stepper motors
- Concept of micro.motors.
$!+ hrs'
103
LIST OF PRACTICALS
Demonstrate various instruments use vi3 *mmeter, ,oltmeter, <attmeter, p.f meter etc for their
identification and and connecting procedure in a circuit.
!. 2o measure power and power factors in 0 Phase load by two wattmeter method
+. 2o determine the efficiency of a single phase transformer from the data obtained through
open circuit and short circuit test
0. 2o connect the primary and secondary windings of a three phase transformer in a suitable
circuit and to verify line and phase current and voltage relationship respectively
5. 2o connect a dc shunt motor with supply through a 0 point starter and to run the motor at
different speeds with the help of a field regulator
:. 2o run a 0 phase squirrel cage induction motor with the help of a star.delta starter. 2o change
the direction of rotation of the motor.
&. 2o measure power and power factor of a single phase induction motor.
@. 2o run a synchronous motor with a.c supply and to measure speed to verify the relation
DI!+1 f? P
7. 2o make connections of starting and running winding of a single phase capacitor motor
and to run it with the help a D1/ starter and to measure its speed
A. (tudy construction of a stepper and servomotor and to write their complete specifications.
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
* visit to a small factory $Preferably 2ransformer 8actory' must be organised to give live e4posure to
students. 8or this the teacher should visit first to understand the assembly line.up which could be
followed by a visit of the students in groups of !%.+% $depending upon the si3e of the factory', where
the instructor can give an idea of the working of the factory without much seeking assistance of the
factory staff.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
!' Electrical #achine by (C "hattacharya, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt /td, Dew Delhi
+' Electrical #achines by Dagrath and Cothari, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt /td, Dew Delhi
0' E4periments in "asic Electrical Engineering) by (.C. "hattacharya, C# -astogi) Dew *ge
International $P' /td. Publishers, Dew Delhi
5' Electrical #achines by (C (ahdev, Bneek Publications, Ealandhar
:' Electrical Engineering by E" 6upta, (C Cataria G (ons, Dew Delhi
&' Electrical #achines by D- *rora, Ishan Publications, *mbala city
@' Electrical 2echnology ,ol. . I and II "./. 2harea, ( Chand and Co. Dew Delhi
104
SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR FACILITATING THE PAPER SETTER
Sr.
No.
Topic Tim
A!!o""#
$%r&'
M(r)&
A!!o*("io+
!. 2hree phase (upply & !%
+. 2ransformers !% !:
0. Introduction to -otating Electrical #achines !% !:
5. DC #achines !5 +%
:. *.C. #otors !+ +%
&. (ingle Phase 8ractional Cilowatt #otors !+ +%
To"(! -4 1..
105
3.- COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND APPLICATIONS
(For Electronics Engineering)
L T P
2 - 3
RATIONALE
Computer plays a very vital role in present day life, more so, in the professional life of Diploma
engineers. In order to enable the students use the computers effectively in problem solving, this
course offers the modern programming language C along with e4posure to various engineering
applications of computers. 2he knowledge of C language will be reinforced by the practical e4ercises
and demonstration of application software in the field of Electrical Engineering during the course of
study. Introduction to data base management system is also a very significant field with vast
employment potential.
DETAILED CONTENTS
!. *lgorithm and Program Development $5 hrs'
a' (teps in development of a program
b' 8low.charts, algorithm development
c' Introduction to various computer languages
d' Concept of interpreter, compiler, high level language$>//', machine language $#/'
and *ssembly /anguage
+. Program (tructure $C Programming' $+5 hrs'
a' >istory of JC=, data types, input output statements, arithmetic and logical operations,
data assignments, precedence and associatively
b' I?1 statements
*ssignment, ,ariables, arithmetic operation. their precedence, data types standard I?1
function, formulated I?1
c' Control (tatements
/ogical and relational operators9 if.else, while, do. while, for loops, breaks, switch
statements
d' 8unctions)
8unction declaration, parameter passing. by value, storage classes $/ocal, 6lobal and
(tatic variables', standard library functions
e' *rrays)
(ingle and multi dimensional arrays, character arrays
f' Pointers)
2o various data types, pointers in parameters passing, pointers to function
106
g' (tructures)
Definition of a structure, pointer to structure, union and array of structure
h' (trings)
(tring processing, functions and standard library function
i' Data files
8ile handling and manipulation, file reading and writing, "inary and *(CII files, file
records using standard function type mouse
0. (oftware *pplications in Electronics Engineering $5 hrs'
Computer application overview through various applications software related to Electronics
Engineering branch vi3) 1-C*D, P(PICE, 1P2(I#, CEI/, Circuit #aker, #*2/*", Electronic
<orkbench
LIST OF PRACTICALS
!. Programming e4ercise on e4ecuting a C Programs.
+. Programming e4ercise on editing a C program.
0. Programming e4ercise on defining variables and assigning values to variables
5. Programming e4ercise on arithmetic and relation operators
:. Programming e4ercise on arithmetic e4pressions and their evaluation
&. Programming e4ercise on reading a character
@. Programming e4ercise on writing a character
7. Programming e4ercise on formatting input using print
A. Programming e4ercise on formatting output using scan
!%. Programming e4ercise on simple I8 statement
!!. Programming e4ercise on I8K E/(E statement
!+. Programming e4ercise on (<I2C> statement
!0. Programming e4ercise on 6121 statement
!5. Programming e4ercise on D1.<>I/E statement
!:. Programming e4ercise on 81- statement
!&. Programming e4ercise on one dimensional arrays
!@. Programming e4ercise on two dimensional arrays
18. Demonstration of *pplication software) #*2/*", 1P2(I#, P(PICE etc
10,
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
2his course is a highly practical and self. study oriented courses. 2he teachers are e4pected to e4plain
the theoretical part and ensure that the students to e4ecute and debug different programs. 2he PC
needed to have 2urbo C.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
!. Programming in C by "alagurusamy, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt /td, Dew Delhi
+. Programming in C by 6ottfried, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt /td, Dew Delhi
0. Programming in C by Cerning /an and -ichie9 Prentice >all of India, Dew Delhi
5. /et us C. Lashwant Canetkar, "P" Publications, Dew Delhi
:. ,iay #ukhi (eries for C and CMM
&. Programming in C by - (ubbura, ,ikas Publishhing >ouse Pvt. /td., Eangpura, Dew Delhi
@. Programming in C by Cris * Eansa, 6algotia Publications Pvt. /td., Daryagan, Dew Delhi
7. Programming in C by "P #ahapatra, Channa Publishers, Dew Delhi
A. Elements of C by #> /ewin, Channa Publishers, Dew Delhi
!%. 2he Complete -eference to ,isual "asic &, by Doel Eerke, 2ata #c6raw >ill Education Pvt
/td, Dew Delhi
!!. <eb site www."eyondlogic.org
!+. Pointers in C by Lashwant Canetkar, "P" Publishers Dew Delhi
!0. Programming in *pplications by Chandershekhar, Bnique International Publications,
Ealandhar
!5. 2he essentials of Computer 1rgani3ing and *rchitecture by /inda Dull and Eulia /abur,
Darosa Publishing >ouse Pvt. /td., Dew Delhi

SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR FACILITATING THE PAPER SETTER
To1i*
No.
To1i* Tim A!!o""#
$Hr&'
M(r)&
A!!o*("io+
!. *lgorithm and Program Development 5 !:
+. Program (tructure $C Programming' +5 @%
0. (oftware *pplications 5 !:
To"(! 32 1..

108