Submitted by: Ragasa, Maria Ericka R.

Subject: Developmental Psychology

CONCEPTS
1. Maturation - is the ability to respond to the environment in an appropriate
manner.
2. Developmental - describes the growth o h!mans thro!gho!t the liespan" rom
conception to death.
#. i!ation - reers to a persistent oc!s o the id$s pleas!re-see%ing energies on an
earlier stage o psychose&!al development.
'. Developmental Delays - occ!rs when children have not reached these
milestones by the e&pected time period.
(. "ritical Period - is the time in the early stage o a person)s lie when he*she
displays a lot o sensitivity to certain environment stim!lants and th!s develops in a
certain way d!e to the things e&perienced d!ring that time.
+. #ro$th Spurt - the term that is s!ed to describe any period o accelerated
physical development" especially the p!bescent growth sp!rt.
,. Prenatal Development - The process o growth and development within the
womb" in which a single-cell -ygote .the cell ormed by the combination o a sperm
and an egg/ becomes an embryo" a et!s" and then a baby.
0. Prenatal de%ects - 1irth deects are de2ned as abnormalities o str!ct!re"
!nction" or body metabolism that are present at birth.
a. Structural or metabolic de%ects are those in which a speci2c body part
is missing or ormed incorrectly3 metabolic birth deects are those in which there is
an inborn problem in body chemistry. The most common type o ma4or str!ct!ral
deects is heart deects" which a5ect 1 in 1(6 babies in the 7nited States.
b. De%ects caused by congenital in%ections res!lt when a mother gets an
inection beore or d!ring the pregnancy. 8nections that can ca!se birth deects
incl!de r!bella .9erman measles/" cytomegalovir!s .C:;/" syphilis" to&oplasmosis"
;ene-!elan e<!ine encephalitis" parvovir!s" and" rarely" chic%enpo&. None o these
a5ect 166= o babies whose mothers are inected d!ring pregnancy.
>. Maternal &ealth - is the health o women d!ring pregnancy" childbirth" and the
postpart!m period.
16. Stages o% Prenatal Development
a. 'he #erminal Stage - begins with conception" when the sperm and egg
cell !nite in one o the two allopian t!bes. The ertili-ed egg" %nown as a -ygote"
then moves toward the !ter!s" a 4o!rney that can ta%e !p to a wee% to complete.
Cell division begins appro&imately 2' to #+ ho!rs ater conception.
b. 'he Embryonic Stage - The mass o cells is now %nown as an embryo.
The beginning o the third wee% ater conception mar%s the start o the
embryonic period" a time when the mass o cells becomes a distinct h!man being.
The embryo begins to divide into three layers each o which will become an
important body system. ?ppro&imately 22 days ater conception" the ne!ral t!be
orms. This t!be will later develop into the central nervo!s system incl!ding the
spinal cord and brain.
c. 'he etal Stage - Once cell di5erentiation is mostly complete" the
embryo enters the ne&t stage and becomes %nown as a et!s. This period o
develop begins d!ring the ninth wee% and lasts !ntil birth. The early body systems
and str!ct!res established in the embryonic stage contin!e to develop. The ne!ral
t!be develops into the brain and spinal cord and ne!rons orm. Se& organs begin to
appear d!ring the third month o gestation. The et!s contin!es to grow in both
weight and length" altho!gh the ma4ority o the physical growth occ!rs in the later
stages o pregnancy.