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Training Center
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Channel Confguration
Objectives
The participant is able to
explain a given channel confguration
Contents
1 Channel Configuration Overview
2 Control Channel Configuration
2.1 Dedicated Channels
2.2 Random Access Channel
2.3 Paging and Access Grant Channel
3 Etended Channel !ode
" Eercises
A30181-X1789-X004-01-763 ! - 1
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! - ! A30181-X1789-X004-01-763
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1 Channel Confguration Overview
"n the ra#io inter$ace %& t'o subban#s $or the (T)-*) #uplex connection are
specife#+
%plin, %- *)-(T)
890 - 91 *./ 0-1)*900 2pri&ar3 ban#4
880 - 91 *./ 5-1)*900 2exten#e# ban#4
1710 -178 *./ 67)1800
876 - 880 *h/ 1)*-8 2 (8 3964
180 -1910 *h/ 07)1900 2 (8 3964
6o'nlin, 6- (T)-*)
93 - 960 *./ 0-1)*900 2pri&ar3 ban#4
9! - 960 *./ 5-1)*900 2exten#e# ban#4
180 -1880 *./ 67)1800
9!1 - 9! *h/ 1)*-8 2 (8 3964
1930 -1990 *h/ 07)1900 2 (8 3964
The ra#io $re:uenc3 channel spacing in !00 ,./; allo'ing 1!4 8<7 in 0-1)*; 174 8<7 in
5-1)*; 374 in 67); !0 8<7 in 1)*-8 an# !99 in 07)19009
=ithin the #atabase or 'ithin the protocol &essages a carrier $re:uenc3 is characteri/e#
b3 its absolute ra#io $re:uenc3 channel nu&ber 2A8<7>49
%sing the abbreviation n ? A8<7>; there is the $ollo'ing relation bet'een A8<7> an#
the $re:uenc3 in *./ in the uplin, <u @*./A an# the #o'nlin, <# @*./A9
0-1)*900 <u2n4 ? 890 B 09! n 1 C n C 1!4 <#2n4 ? <u2n4 B 4
5-1)* 960 <u2n4 ? 890 B 09! n
<u2n4 ? 890 B 09! x 2n
-10!44
0C n C 1!4
97 C n C 10!3
<#2n4 ? <u2n4 B 4
67)1800 <u2n4 ? 17109! B 09! x 2n
-1!4
1! C n C 88 <#2n4 ? <u2n4 B 9
1)*-8 <u2n4 ? 8769! B 09! x 2n
-94
9 C n C 974 <#2n4 ? <u2n4 B 4
07)1900 <u2n4 ? 1809! B 09! x 2n
-1!4
1! C n C 810 <#2n4 ? <u2n4 B 80
<ig9 1
A30181-X1789-X004-01-763 ! - 3
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2# $3#% !&'
(# !&'
)P*+,- $)*%
.1# !h'
1(/# !&'
$//0% /.0 !h'
1(10 !&'
1ransmit 2and of the
mo2ile station
C
12"
$1("%
3("
C
3
C
2
C
1
200 3&'
DO4,*+,- $D*%
GSM 900
DCS 1800
.50 !h'
1//0 !&'
01...............12"
#12...............//# .(#....102"
AR6C,
$A2solute R6 channel num2er%
C 7 radio fre8uenc9 channel $R6C%
Guard 2and
not used
$.2#% .3# !h'
1/0# !&'
1ransmit 2and of the 2ase
station
C
12":
$1(":%
3("
C
3:
C
2:
C
1:
2# $3#% !&'
(# !&'
Du;le Distance "# !&' res;. .# !&'
E<G=!.00
G=!.00
DC=1/00
<ig9 ! 8a#io $re:uenc3 channels 8<7 on %
&
! - 4 A30181-X1789-X004-01-763
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5ach 8<7 oDers 8 ph3sical channels a ti&e #ivision &ultiplex access T6*A
200 3&'
1ime
0
"
3
2
1
0
(
5
#
"
3
2
1
">51# msec
7 / #(( ?s
<ig9 3
The ph3sical channels are sub#ivi#e# into logical channels; #ivi#e# in traEc channels
an# control channels accor#ing 1)* 049039
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=;eech
Channels
$6ull@&alf%
Data
Channels
$Data Rate%
Control
Channels CC&
1raffic
Channels 1C&
Logical
Channels
Aroadcast
Control
Channel ACC&
Dedicated
Control
Channel DCC&
Common
Control
Channel CCC&
<ig9 4
! - 6 A30181-X1789-X004-01-763
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Paging Channel
PC&
Access Grant
Channel AGC&
Random Access
Channel RAC&
Common
Control
Channel CCC&
;aging of a != in all cells of a
location area for a mo2ile
terminating call $!1C%
answer to a random access>
assignment of dedicated
signaling channel
!= re8uests a dedicated
channel from networ3
<ig9 7o&&on control channel
Aroadcast
Control Channel
ACC&
Cell Aroadcast
Channel CAC&
=9nchroni'ation
Channel =C&
6re8uenc9
Correction
Channel 6CC&
Aroadcast
Control
Channels ACC&
s9stem informationB
cell identifier> cell ;arameter>
channel configuration> cell
fre8uencies> 2roadcast
fre8uencies of neigh2our cells
2roadcast of short messagesB
traffic> weather> date> ...
$no mo2ile s9stem info%
frame $time% s9nchroni'ation>
identification of neigh2our cells
$handover%
identification of ACC&
fre8uenc9> != fre8uenc9
s9nchroni'ation
<ig9 6 (roa#cast control channel
A30181-X1789-X004-01-763 ! - 7
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6ast Associated
Control Channel
6ACC&
=low Associated
Control Channel
=ACC&
=tand Alone
Dedicated
Control Channel
=DCC&
Dedicated
Control
Channel DCC&
Cin 2andD signaling channel $;eriodic%B
downlin3B s9stem info> ;ower command> 1AE
u;lin3B measurements $level 8ualit9%>
short messages service
Cout of 2andD signaling channel forB
call setu; signaling> short message service
$=!=%> location u;date $*)P%>
+!=+ attach@detach
Cin 2andD signaling channel $s;oradic%B
handover signaling
channel mode modif9B s;eech

data
<ig9 7 6e#icate# control channel
Multiplexing of Logical Channels
1 ph3sical channel 2ti&e slot4 can carr3 one o$ the $ollo'ing logical channel
co&binations+
7hannel 7o&bination 7apacit3
a4 T7. F < B <AA7. F < B )A77. F < 1 $ull rate subscriber
b4 T7.F. 20; 14 B <A77.F. 20; 14 B )A77.F.
20; 14
! hal$ rate subscriber 2speech or #ata4
c4 <77. B )7. B (77. B 777. uplin,+ 800 000 8A7. slots per hour
#o'nlin,+ 140 000 777. bloc,s per hour
#4 <77. B )7. B (77. B 777.
B )677. F 4 2099934 B )A77. F 4 2099934
uplin,+ 400 000 8A7. slots per hour
#o'nlin,+ 46 000 777. bloc,s per hour
B #e#icate# signaling channels $or 4
subscribers
e4 )677. F 8 2099974 B )A77. F 8 2099974
999
#e#icate# signaling channels $or 8
subscribers
<ig9 8
1 8A7. slot+ 1 channel re:uest &essage o$ 1 subscriber
1 777. bloc, 24 slots4+ - 1 paging &essage $or 19994 subscribers or
- 1 access grant &essage $or 1999! subscribers
! - 8 A30181-X1789-X004-01-763
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Channel Organization in a Cell
Gn )() (8!91 the $ollo'ing channel co&binations are allo'e#+
T7.F< B <A77.F< B )A77.F<99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999TCHFLL
<77. B )7.B (77.B 777. 2A17. B 07. B 8A7.499999999999999999999999999999M!"#$CCH
<77. B )7. B (77. B 777. B 4 2)677. B )A77.4999999999999999999999999999M$CCHC
8 2)677. B )A77.4999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999%&CCH
A##itional channel co&binations in )() (8390 +
T7.F. 204 B <A77.F. 204 B )A77.F. 204 B T7.F. 214999999999999999999999999999TCHF'HLF
<77. B )7. B (77. B 777. B 3 2)677. B )A77.4 B 7(7.99999999999999$C$CH
7 2)677. B )A77.4 B 7(7.99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999%C$CH
(77. B 777.9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999 CCCH
Gn a cell 'ith a single 8<7 the allocation shoul# be the $ollo'ing+
Ti&eslot 0 <77.B)7. B (77. B 777. B 4 2)677. B )A77.4
Ti&eslot 19997 T7.F< B <A77.F< B )A77.F<
The ti&eslot 0 runs in the 1 $ra&e organi/ation+
=
11
=
1
6
10
6
0
ACC&
2 3 " #
CCC&
5 ( / .
CCC&
12 13 1" 1#
CCC&
15 1( 1/ 1.
=
21
=
31
6
30
6
20
=DCC&0
22 23 2" 2#
=DCC&1
25 2( 2/ 2.
=DCC&2
32 33 3" 3#
=DCC&3
35 3( 3/ 3.
=
"1
+
#0
6
"0
=ACC&0
"2 "3 "" "#
=ACC&1
"5 "( "/ ".
1.
1.
=
11
=
1
6
10
6
0
ACC&
2 3 " #
CCC&
5 ( / .
CCC&
12 13 1" 1#
CCC&
15 1( 1/ 1.
=
21
=
31
6
30
6
20
=DCC&0
22 23 2" 2#
=DCC&1
25 2( 2/ 2.
=DCC&2
32 33 3" 3#
=DCC&3
35 3( 3/ 3.
=
"1
+
#0
6
"0
=ACC&2
"2 "3 "" "#
=ACC&3
"5 "( "/ ".
2.
Fu;lin3: R 7 RAC& G =DCC& @ "
Fdownlin3: ACC& G CCC& G " =DCC& @ "> 6 7 6CC&> = 7 =C&
R
#
R
"
=DCC&3
0 1 2 3
=ACC&2
5 ( / .
=ACC&3
10 11 1213
13 13
13
R
1#
R
1"
R
1(
R
15
R
1.
R
1/
R
21
R
20
R
23
R
22
R
2#
R
2"
R
2(
R
25
R
2.
R
2/
R
31
R
30
R
33
R
32
R
35
R
3#
R
3"
=DCC&0
3( 3/ 3. "0
=DCC&1
"1 "2 "3 ""
R
"5
R
"#
=DCC&2
"( "/ ". #0
2.
R
#
R
"
=DCC&3
0 1 2 3
=ACC&0
5 ( / .
=ACC&1
10 11 1213
13
R
1#
R
1"
R
1(
R
15
R
1.
R
1/
R
21
R
20
R
23
R
22
R
2#
R
2"
R
2(
R
25
R
2.
R
2/
R
31
R
30
R
33
R
32
R
35
R
3#
R
3"
=DCC&0
3( 3/ 3. "0
=DCC&1
"1 "2 "3 ""
R
"5
R
"#
=DCC&2
"( "/ ". #0
<ig9 9 1 $ra&e ? !3;38 &sec
A30181-X1789-X004-01-763 ! - 9
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The ti&eslots 19997 run in the !6 $ra&e organi/ation
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 A 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 < 1 1
t
2 &alf Rate 1C&
1 6ull Rate 1C&
25 frames 7 120 ms
1 t 1 t 1 t 1 t 1 t 1 A 1 t 1 t 1 t 1 t 1 t a 1 t
T+ TraEc 7hannel (urst $or subscriber 1
t+ TraEc 7hannel (urst $or subscriber !
A+ )lo' Associate# 7ontrol 7hannel $or subscriber 1
a+ )lo' Associate# 7ontrol 7hannel $or subscriber !
<ig9 10 Ti&e organi/ation $or one T7.
Gn a cell 'ith ! 8<7 there are &ore possibilities; #epen#ing on the use# traEc &o#el
@)677. #i&ensioningA; $or exa&ple+
8<7-0 see cell 'ith 1 T8X
8<7-1 Ti&eslot 09997 T7. F < B <A77. F < B )A77. F <
or
Ti&eslot 0 8 2)677. B )A77.4
Ti&eslot 19997 T7. F < B <A77. F < B )A77. F <
! - 10 A30181-X1789-X004-01-763
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( Control Channel Confguration
"ntro)uction*
Gn a *"7; *T7; -% the *) has to re:uest an )677. using the 8A7.9 There is a ti&e
#ela3 bet'een the re:uest an# the )677. allocation #ue to the traEc loa#9 G$ there is a
$ree )677.; it is allocate# using the A17.9 The )677. is use# $or the authentication;
trans&ission o$ cipher para&eters an# call initiali/ation9 >ext a traEc channel is
re:ueste# an# allocate#; i$ available9 A$ter this; the )677. is relaese#9 The *)
ac,no'le#ges the allocation on the <A77.9 The T7. 'ith its <A77. an# )A77. is
occupie# until the en# o$ the call9 )o the bloc,ing probalilit3 is a $unction o$
availabilit3 o$ )677.
availabilit3 o$ T7.
'aiting ti&e in T7. :ueue; i$ :ueuing per$or&e# 2(T) para&eter4
ti&e $or connection establish&ent
(+1 &e)icate) Channels
G$ 'e evaluate a given traEc &o#el; 'e fn# a certain traEc loa# per subscriber9
A##itionall3 'e have to calculate the )677. loa# per subsriber9
Accor#ing to the traEc &o#el given in chapter 1; there are $our values to be consi#ere#+
call atte&pts per subscriber per hour 191
ti&e $or *"7F*T7 setup signaling 3 sec
ti&e $or -ocation %p#ate sec
-ocation %p#ates per subscriber per hour !9!
The )677. loa# per subscriber is calculate# as $ollo's+
2191 H 3 sec B !9! H sec4 F 3600 sec ? 09004 5rl
<urther&ore 'e have $or the T7.+ ! &5rl
!t the following page an exa,ple for a channel confguration of a ( carrier
cells is given using the assu,ptions above+
A30181-X1789-X004-01-763 ! - 11
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-xa,ple for Channel Confguration
Assu&ptions+ ! &5rl T7. -oa# per subscriber
4 &5rl )677. loa# per subscriber
no loa# proble& on 777. 2re$er to chapter !9!4
Cell with ( T./* 16 channels
7onfguration A 7onfguration (
1 co&b9 777.F)677. 4 )677.
1 T7.
unco&b9 777.
1 )677.F8 8 )677.
14 T7.
oDere# T7. loa# at 1 I bloc,ing
8911 5rl )ubscriber 8911 F 090! ? 0(1
oDere# T7. loa# at 1 I bloc,ing
793 5rl )ubscriber+ 793 F 090! ? (21
oDere# )677. loa# at 1 I bloc,ing
0987 5rl )ubscriber 0987 F 09004 ? (13
oDere# )677. loa# at 1 I bloc,ing
3913 5rl )ubscriber+ 3913 F 09004 ? 43(
%&CCH li,ite)* (13 subscriber TCH li,ite)* (21 subscriber
Confguration $ is the better one for this scenario
<ig9 11
! - 1! A30181-X1789-X004-01-763
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(+( .an)o, !ccess Channel
.!CH
7apacit3 o$ the 8A7.
The 8A7. is use# b3 the *) to re:uest a #e#icate# channel; the )677.9 The channel
re:uest nee#s one 8A7. ti&eslot9 The cause $or the channel re:uest can be a paging
response in *T7; an e&ergenc3 call; a *"7; -% or G*)G attachF#etach9 Accor#ing to the
traEc &o#el $ro& chapter 1 there are about 4 8A7. activities per subscriber per hour9
7onfguration o$ the 8A7.
The 8A7. is confgure# onl3 uplin,; his $re:uenc3 correspon#s to the #o'nlin, (77.
$re:uenc39 The 8A7. &a3 be co&bine# 'ith the uplin, part o$ the )677.9 Gn the
co&bine# case; the 8A7. is &ultiplexe# onto !7 ti&eslots 0 out o$ 1 o$ a
(77.co&bine#9 These !7 8A7. are sprea# over the &ulti$ra&e as $ollo's+
))))88))))))))88888888888888888888888))))))))88))))
'ith ) ? )677.F)A77. an# 8 ? 8A7.
The 8A7. can also be confgure# unco&bine# on all ti&eslots 0; !; 4; 6
This gives the $ollo'ing capacities; the $ra&e #uration is 496 &s 2perio# bet'een t'o
successive ti&eslots 04+
co&bine#+ !7F1 o$ all ti&eslots 0 ?J 400000 8A7. slots per hour
unco&bine#+ ti&eslot 0 ?J 800000 8A7. slots per hour
unco&bine#+ ti&eslot 0;! ?J 160000 8A7. slots per hour 2not in
(8!914
unco&bine#+ ti&eslot 0;!;4 ?J !340000 8A7. slots per hour 2not in (8!914
unco&bine#+ ti&elsot 0;!;4;6 ?J 31!0000 8A7. slots per hour 2not in
(8!914
Gn a cell 'ith 000 subscriber nor&all3 there are about !0 000 8A7. activities per hour
onl3 KK
.!CH control para,eter
A30181-X1789-X004-01-763 ! - 13
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.!CH bus5 threshol); #efnes a threshol# $or the signal level #uring the 8A7. bursts9
The (T) &easures the signal level on each 8A7. ti&eslot an# #eter&ines 'hether a
channel re:uest is success$ull3 receive# or not+ G$ the receive# signal level is greater
than or e:ual to the value o$ 8A7.(T then the 8A7. burst in :uestion 'ill be in#icate#
as bus3 2one or &ore &obile stations have trie# to access the net'or,49 The purpose o$
this para&eter is to avoi# unnecessar3 loa# on the ()) b3 nor&al noise signals being
#eco#e# as 8A7. bursts 2$ollo'e# b3 sei/ure o$ )677.4 b3 &ista,e9 .o'ever; to be on
the sa$e si#e the (T) #oes not onl3 evaluate the 8A7. level but a##itionall3 #eco#es the
)3nch se:uence bits o$ the 8A7. burst9
>ote+ The value entere# $or this para&eter is not onl3 relevant $or the 7.A>>5-
85L%5)T &essage on the 8A7. but also $or the .A>6"M58 A775)) &essage on the
<A77.K
! - 14 A30181-X1789-X004-01-763
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The *) recieves the 8A7. control para&eters $ro& the base station on the (77. +
*axi&u& nu&ber o$ retrans&ission 2 &axNretrans 4 *AX85T8 ? 1; !; 4; 7
G$ a channel re:uest is not ac,no'le#ge# b3 the base station; the *) repeats the re:uest
until the given value o$ *AX85T89
>u&ber o$ slots to sprea# trans&issions 2 txNinteger 4 >)-"T)T ? 0;991 representing
the real values
o$ 3; 4; ; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 1!; 14; 16; !0; !; 3!; 0
This value #eter&ines the ti&e perio# bet'een sen#ing o$ t'o channel re:uests9 This
perio# is &easure# in 8A7. slots an# is the su& o$ a #eter&inistic part t# an# a ran#o&
part tr+
M% tx'integer t) 6.!CH slots7
co,bine)8
t) 6.!CH slots7
unco,bine)8
0hase
1
----- 41 2093 sec4 209! sec4
3; 8; 14; 0 41 2093 sec4 209! sec4
4; 9; 16 ! 2094 sec4 76 2093 sec4
0hase
!
; 10; !0 8 2090 sec4 109 2090 sec4
6; 11; ! 86 2097 sec4 1632097 sec4
7; 1!; 3! 11 21900 sec4 !1721900 sec4
<ig9 1! 6eter&inistic part t# o$ retrans&ission perio# as a $unction o$ txNinteger
The ran#o& part tr is an integer bet'een 1 an# txNinteger 'here the probabilit3 o$
choosing a certain ti&e slot i is given b3 +
p 6 tr 9 i 8 9 1 : tx'integer for i 9 1+++tx'integer
tr 7 tHinteger 7 5
retransmission
td 7 153 slots
first transmission
with a collision
<ig9 13
A30181-X1789-X004-01-763 ! - 1
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",,e)iate !ssign,ent ;roce)ure*
The proce#ure is specife# in 1)* 04908; chapter 393919!+
=elect RAC& slot for
net transmission>
wait for grant
set timer 13125
wait for grant
4A+1
13122
=DCC&
Allocation
,
I
I
,
,
I
num2er of
retransmissions G 1
num2er of
retransmissions 7 0
=elect RAC& slot
for first transmission
+!!ED+A1E
A==+G,!E,1
PROCED)RE
no.of retransmissions
7 maHretrans
immediate
assignment
=end C&A,,E*
REJ)E=1 msg.
GRA,1 during
=u;. time
ReKection
CE**
RE=E*EC1+O,
,
I
<ig9 14 G&&e#iate Assign&ent 0roce#ure
! - 16 A30181-X1789-X004-01-763
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-valuation of ",,e)iate !ssign,ent ;roce)ure for )i<erent para,eter values
Tra=c Loa) : .!CH activities per hour
The relative traEc loa# is the average nu&ber o$ initiate# i&&e#iate assign&ent
proce#ures or 8A7. activities in a ti&eslot+
traEc loa# ? total nu&ber o$ i&&e#iate assign&ent proce#ures F total nu&ber o$ 8A7.
slots
The absolute nu&ber o$ 8A7. activities per hour is obtaine# b3 &ultipl3ing this relative
loa# 'ith the nu&ber o$ 8A7. slots per hour9
$loc>ing
The bloc,ing sho's the percentage o$ not success$ul i&&e#iate assign&ent proce#ures
initiali/e# b3 the *)9
bloc,ing @IA ? 2nu&ber o$ unsucc9 i&&9 ass9 proc9 F total nu&ber o$ i&&9 ass9 0roc9 4 H
100
Throughput
The channel throughput is the average nu&ber o$ success$ul trans&issions per ti&e slot9
throughput ? nu&ber o$ success$ul trans&issions F nu&ber o$ si&ulate# ti&e slots
throughput ? 2 1 - bloc,ing 4 H traEc loa#
?ait Ti,e
The 'ait ti&e is the ti&e bet'een the initiation o$ the i&&e#iate assign&ent proce#ure
an# the arrival o$ the i&&e#iate assign&ent &essage9 <or the 'aiting ti&e it is use$ul to
consi#er the 90I :uantile o$ the 'ait ti&e+
$or 90I o$ the i&&e#iate assign&ent proce#ures; the 'ait ti&e is less than the ti&e t
909
The bloc,ing an# the 90I 29I4 :uantile $or #iDerent values o$ the 8A7. control
para&eters is sho'n in the $ollo'ing tables $or a co&bine# 8A7.F)677.+
A30181-X1789-X004-01-763 ! - 17
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txNinteger &axNretrans bloc,ing2I4 90I :uantile2s4 9I :uantile2s4
3 1 !99 C 091 093
3 ! 191 C 091 093
3 4 09! C 091 093
3 7 C 0901 C 091 094
7 1 196 C 091 190
7 ! 094 C 091 190
7 4 091 C 091 190
7 7 C 0901 C 091 190
14 1 099 C 091 094
14 ! 091 C 091 094
14 4 C 0901 C 091 094
14 7 C 0901 C 091 094
! 1 096 C 091 098
! ! C 091 C 091 098
! 4 C 0901 C 091 098
! 7 C 0901 C 091 098
0 1 09 C 091 09
0 ! 091 C 091 09
0 4 C 0901 C 091 09
0 7 C 0901 C 091 09
<ig9 1 values $or !000 8A7. activities per hour
txNinteger &axNretrans bloc,ing2I4 90I :uantile2s4 9I :uantile2s4
3 1 691 093
3 ! !98 093 097
3 4 096 093 097
3 7 091 093 097
7 1 396 190 191
7 ! 190 190 191
7 4 091 190 191
7 7 C 091 190 191
14 1 !96 094 094
14 ! 09 094 094
14 4 C 091 094 094
14 7 C 0901 094 094
! 1 !90 098 099
! ! 094 098 099
! 4 C 0901 098 099
! 7 C 0901 098 099
0 1 198 09 097
0 ! 09! 09 097
0 4 C 0901 09 097
0 7 C 0901 09 097
<ig9 16 values $or 0000 8A7. activities per hour
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The results o$ these stu#ies sho'; that even the 8A7. &ini&al confguration 2co&bine#
8A7.F)677. is able to serve 0000 8A7. activities per hour at a lo' bloc,ing 2C 09I4
'ith an acceptable 'ait ti&e9 An unco&bine# 8A7. is able to serve t'ice the traEc loa#
'ith the sa&e gra#e o$ service9 The &ini&u& bloc,ing $or the consi#ere# traEc loa# is
achieve# b3 the $ollo'ing setting o$ para&eters+ &axNretrans ? 7; txNinteger ? 09
Though a co&bine# 8A7. can serve the expecte# traEc loa#; another 8A7.
confguration &a3 have to be choosen9 The 8A7. is onl3 the uplin, part o$ the 777.9
The #o'nlin, parts 2A17.;07.4 &a3 nee# a higher capacit39 There$ore; the confguration
o$ 777. is #eter&ine# b3 the capacit3 nee#e# b3 the #o'nlin, channels; the 8A7.
confguration is uncritical9
(+0 ;aging an) !ccess @rant Channel
;CH : !@CH
The paging channel an# the access grant channel share the sa&e T6*A $ra&e &apping
2&o#ulo 14 'hen co&bine# onto a basic ph3sical channel9 The channels are share# on
a bloc, b3 bloc, basis9 The in$or&ation 'ithin each bloc, allo's the *) to #eter&ine i$ it
is a paging or an access grant &essage9 5ver3 paging channel can be use# b3 the
s3ste& as access grant channel but it is not allo'e# to the s3ste& to use access grant
channels as paging channels9 .o'ever; to ensure a &obile a satis$actor3 access to the
s3ste&; there is a control para&eter to #efne a fxe# nu&ber o$ access grant bloc,s in
the 1 &ulti$ra&e9 The nu&ber o$ bloc,s reserve# $or A17. is broa#caste# on the (7.9
The nu&ber o$ available paging bloc,s is re#uce# b3 this nu&ber9
0aging channels &a3 be use# as access grant channels but not vice versa9 There$ore it is
use$ul to set the para&eter ()NA1N(-O)N85) to the s&allest value an# let the s3ste&
organi/e the use o$ channels9 Gn case o$ *"7 &ore A17. are nee#e#; in case o$ *T7
&ore 07. are nee#e#9 Gn average the nu&ber o$ *"7 is higher than the nu&ber o$ *T79
G$ the ()NA1N(-O)N85) value is set too high 'ith the result o$ a 07. shortage; a
overloa# in#ication $or the 07. &a3 arise in high traEc ti&e9
Gn 1)* traEc &o#el the paging per subsriber per hour is 09939
The secon# para&eter to be set is calle# ()N0AN*<8*) 2 value ? !999; nu&ber o$
&ulti$ra&es bet'een paging49 Gt in#icates the nu&ber o$ T6*A &ulti$ra&es bet'een
trans&ission o$ paging &essages to the sa&e paging subgroup9 The *) gets the
in$or&ation on (7.; to 'hich paging groups it shoul# listen to9 (3 this 'a3 the *) can
save batter3 because it onl3 listens to its o'n paging group9 G$ the value is too high so
that the ti&e bet'een t'o bloc,s o$ the sa&e paging sub-channel is high; the ti&e $or
setting up an *T7 is high9
Gn a &e#iu& cell the co&&on channel pattern on ti&eslot 0 on one o$ the T8X can use
the $ollo'ing co&bination #o'nlin, 2in uplin, all channels are use# as 8A7.4+
F%$$$$;;;;F%;;;;;;;;F%;;;;;;;;F%;;;;;;;;F%;;;;;;;;
< ? <77.
) ? )7.
( ? (77.
0 ? 0A7. F A17.
An exa&ple $or the loa# an# the servable nu&ber o$ subscribers is given the $ollo'ing
pages+
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CCCH Loa)
paging &essages per hour+ )%()78 H -ANsi/e H *T7Nph H 8505T F
subscrNperNpagN&essage
ran#o& &essages per hour+ )%()78 H 2*T7N08Nph B *"7Nph B -%Nph B G*)GNph B
)*)Nph4
access grant &essages per
hour+
)%()78 H 2*T7N08Nph B *"7Nph B -%Nph B G*)GNph B
)*)Nph4 F subscrNperNagchN&essage
)%()78 nu&ber o$ subscribers 'ithin the cell
-ANsi/e nu&ber o$ cells on the location aea
*T7Nph &obile ter&inating calls per subscriber per hour 2'ith an# 'ithout
paging response4
8505T &ean nu&ber o$ repetitions o$ a paging &essage 2no paging response to
frst paging4
*T7N08Nph &obile ter&inating calls per subscriber per hour 'ith paging response to
frst paging4
*"7Nph &obile originating calls per subscriber per hour
-%Nph location up#ates per subscriber per hour
G*)GNph G*)G attachF#etach per subscriber per hour
)*)Nph short &essage service re:uests per subscriber per hour
<ig9 17
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CCCH Loa) 6-xa,ple8
paging &essages per hour+ )%()78 H -ANsi/e H *T7Nph H 8505T F
subscrNperNpagN&essage
access grant &essages per
hour+
)%()78 H 2*T7N08Nph B *"7Nph B -%Nph B G*)GNph B
)*)Nph4 F subscrNperNagchN&essage
ran#o& &essages per hour+ )%()78 H 2*T7N08Nph B *"7Nph B -%Nph B G*)GNph B
)*)Nph4
%$%C.* A
L!'size* (B
MTC'ph* B+1C
.-;-T* 1+00
MTC';.'ph B+0B
MOC'ph B+C1
L'ph (+(
"M%"'ph 1+B
%M%'ph D
subscr'per'pag',essage 9
(
subscr'per'agch',essage
9 1+B
<ig9 18
paging &essages per hour ? )%()78 H !0 H 0946 H 1933 F ! )%()78 H 6 F h
access grant &essages per hour )%()78 H 4 F h
paging B access grant &essages per hour )%()78 H 10 F h
4600 subscriber 2co&bine# 777.4
14000 subscriber 2unco&bine# 777.4
ran#o& access &essages per hour )%()78 H 4 F h 2at 10 I loa#4
10000 subscriber 2co&bine# 777.4
!0000 subscriber 2unco&bine# 777.4
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;ara,eters for Control Channel Confguration
)pecifcation >a&e "bPectF
0ac,age
6( >a&e 8ange *eaning
7.NTQ05 7.A> 7.TQ05 T7.<%--
)677.
*AG>(77.
*(77.7
777.
)7(7.
(7(7.
T7.<N.-<
channel t3pe
8A7.N(%)QNT.85) (T)F(T)( 8A7.(T 09991!7 8A7. bus3 threshol# #efne#
in steps o$ -1 #(&
*AXN85T8A>) (T)F(T)7 *AX85T8 1; !; 4; 7 &axi&u& nu&ber o$ allo'e#
retrans&issions o$ a channel
re:uest on the 8A7.
TXNG>T5158 (T)F(T)7 >)-"T)T 0; 999; 1
? 3; 4; ; 6;
7; 8; 9; 10;
11; 1!; 14;
16; !0; !;
3!; 0
nu&ber o$ 8A7. slots to
sprea# re-trans&ission o$
channel re:uestR also fxing
the #eter&inistic part o$ 'ait
ti&e
()NA1N(-O)N85) (T)F(T)7 >(-OA718 09997
0999! $or
co&b9 777.
nu&ber o$ co&&on control
bloc,s per &ulti$ra&e use#
$or access grant exclusivel3
()N0AN*<8*) (T)F(T)7 ><8A*501 !9999 nu&ber o$ &ulti$ra&es
bet'een paging bloc,s
belonging to the sa&e paging
sub-channel
<ig9 19
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0 -xten)e) Channel Mo)e
Gn a nor&al 1)* stan#ar# cell the &axi&u& *)-(T) #istance is 3 ,&R this is the li&it
given b3 the &axi&u& TA 2ti&ing a#vance 099963 bit4 'hich is possible on one ra#io
ti&eslot9
6istance calculation+
&ist 9 T! * bitDperio) * lightDspee) : (
bit-perio# ? 48F13 239694
Ss
light-spee#? 300000 ,&Fs
The $eature T5xten#e# 7ellsU supports a larger #istance bet'een *) an# (T) b3 using
t'o subse:uent ra#io ti&eslots to co&pensate the longer #ela3 o$ the bursts9 The frst
ti&eslot o$ a #ouble ti&eslot has al'a3s an even nu&ber 20;!;4;64; the $ollo'ing
correspon#ing channel &ust not be create#9
<or a #ouble ti&eslot the &axi&u& propagation #ela3 can be !19 bit 2 1!0 ,&4; but
note that the &axi&u& #istance 'hich can be confgure# b3 "V* is 100 ,&9
The (T) splits the propagation #ela3 into t'o values+
ti&ing a#vance 2TA4; covering the frst 63 bit #ela3
ti&ing oDset 2T"4; use# $or exten#e# cells as an oDset to TA $or #ela3s greater 63
bit 2the propagation #ela3 is the algebraic su& o$ TA an# T"4
=hen activating the )677. an# later the T7. $or that correspon#ing *); the evaluate#
initial TA value $or&s part o$ the la3er 1 hea#er #o'nlin,; the initial T" is use# (T)-
internall39
G$ the average o$ the #eviation excee#s 1 bit perio# 248F13 Ss4 in co&parison to the TA
confr&e# b3 the *) 2containe# in ever3 uplin, )A77. hea#er in$or&ation4; the
previousl3 or#ere# TA is incre&ente#F#ecre&ente# b3 one an# sent as ne' or#ere# TA in
the la3er 1 hea#er #o'nlin, to *)9 As previousl3 &entione# TA cannot excee# 63 bit9 T"
is use# internall3 $or processing $urther #ela3 in case o$ exten#e# cells9 >ote that T"
&a3 onl3 be greater then 0 'hen TA has the &axi&u& value 639
Gn exten#e# cells all control an# signalling channels &ust be #efne# in exten#e#
2#ouble4 &o#e9
;ara,eters for -xten)e) Cell Confguration
)pecifcation >a&e "bPectF
0ac,age
6( >a&e 8ange *eaning
75--NTQ05 (T)F(T)( 75--TQ05 )T675--
%*(75--
5XT75--
&axi&u& range 3 ,&
a cell covering other cells
&axi&u& range 100 ,&
5XT5>656N*"65 7.A> 5XT*"65 T8%5
<A-)5
#efnes i$ a channel is use# in
exten#e# &o#e or not
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<ig9 !0
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1 -xercises
-xercise 1* Creation of .FC in %$%
The obPect in )() confguration language speci$3ing a 8<7 is calle# T8X 2transceiver49
Ta,e the %*>+ ()7-7*- 2co&&an# list4 $or chec,ing the input para&eter re:uire#9
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%olutions
-xercise 1
CREATE TRX:NAME=BSC:0/bts:0/trx:0, TRXFREQ=75, PWRRED=0, RADIOMR=OFF,
RADIOMG=5!, MOEC=TR"E, TRXAREA=NONE#
the para&eter are specife# as $ollo'ing+
()7+ ()7 nu&ber to the relate# "*7 0 999 47
bts+ (T)F75-- nu&ber to the relate# ()7 0 999 119
trx+ T8X nu&ber to the relate# cell 0 999 6
T8X<85L+ T8X-$re:uenc3 - A8<7> 0 999 10!3
0=8856+ 0o'er re#uction @09991! #( in steps o$ ! #(A $or #ecrease
&ax9 trans&it po'er
0 999 6
8A6G"*8+ 8a#io &easure&ent reports $ro& T8Xto the ()7 "> F "<<
8A6G"*1+ 1ranularit3 o$ ra#io &easure&ent reports in
steps o$ 1 )A77. &ulti$ra&e
0 999 !4
*"57 *e&ber o$ e&ergenc3 confguration T8%5 F <A-)5
T8XA85A+ 7onfguration o$ concentric cells >">5 F
7"*0-5T5 F
G>>58
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