1.

0 Executive Summary

HSW Engineering, Inc., (HSW) was contracted by Walbridge to complete the
submittal information for the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)
Sustainable Sites (SS) Credit 6.1 and Credit 6.2 criteria. This effort was preceded by the
determination of the one-year and two-year 24-hour design storms for Dubai, United
Arab Emirates by HSW, which was required for the calculations. Those design storms
were determined to be 0.17 inches (4.40 mm) and 1.08 inches (27.54 mm) respectively
(HSW 2008). Based on the best available information, it has been determined that the
one-year 24-hour design storm and the two-year 24-hour design storm will completely
infiltrate yielding zero discharge from the site. As such, the project site meets both SS
Credit 6.1 and Credit 6.2 criteria as will be documented below.

2.0 Introduction

Based on the LEED New Construction Rating System v2.2 (USGBC 2006), SS
Credit 6.1 Stormwater Design: Quantity Control the Dubai Maritime City project
needs to implement a stormwater management plan that prevents the post-development
peak discharge rate and quantity from exceeding the pre-development peak discharge rate
and quantity for the one- and two-year 24-hour design storms. Given the hydrologic and
geologic conditions of Dubai, United Arab Emirates, it is assumed that the pre-
development conditions yield no run-off (100% infiltration). This assumption is based on
the small amounts of rainfall, the sandy texture of the soil, and no pre-development
groundcover (bare soil). Therefore, the target for post-development conditions is 100%
infiltration.
Based on the LEED New Construction Rating System v2.2 (USGBC 2006), SS
Credit 6.2 Stormwater Design: Quality Control the Dubai Maritime City project needs
to implement a stromwater management plan that reduces impervious cover, promotes
infiltration, and captures and treats stormwater run-off from 90% of the average annual
rainfall using acceptable best management practices (BMPs). For an arid watershed,
this represents removing 80% total suspended solids (TSS) from 0.5 inches (12.7 mm) of
rainfall. Since the two-year 24 hours storm volume (1.08 inches) is greater than the 0.5



inch (12.7 mm) volume, if 100% infiltration is achieved, there will be no TSS loads
discharging from the site. This method of determination is consistent with SS Credit 6.2
which states that water infiltrated on-site is assumed to be 100% treated for the purposes
of this credit (USGBC 2006).
Appendix A contains a site layout for the Dubai Maritime City CP513 New
Workshop Blocks project site. In this analysis, the site being submitted for LEED
Certification is considered to be back of curb to back of curb, since the roads are
being handled under a separate unrelated contract. Specifically, LEED Certification is
being sought for eight individual buildings and stormwater calculations documenting
100% infiltration will be performed for each of those locations. Those locations are five
(5) workshop blocks (labeled Workshop #5 through Workshop #10 in Appendix A), one
(1) shop building with attached canteen (labeled Shops Block 5 and Canteen 02 in
Appendix A), and two (2) individual canteens (labeled Canteen 01 and Canteen 03 in
Appendix A). In addition, the five workshop blocks are either double units (Workshops
#6 through #9 in Appendix A) or single units (Workshops #5 and #10 in Appendix A).
The typical cross-sections of those units can be found in Appendix B. A summary of
roof drainage areas is found in Table 1.

Table 1: Summary of Roof Drainage Areas
Area Descriptor Roof Drainage Area (ft
2
)
Workshop #5 37,147.3
Workshop #6 61,664.3
Workshop #7 43,193.4
Workshop #8 67,821.2
Workshop #9 67,821.2
Workshop #10 20,285.7
Shops Block 5 & Canteen 02 5812.5
Canteen 01 671.7
Canteen 03 716.9




In addition, the areas surrounding the individual locations are completely covered
in Pasco ECO-System paving stones which provide infiltration into the subgrade below.
Appendix C contains a web page screen shot of the ECO-System paving stones, which
have been rated to provide 29 liters of infiltration per hour per square meter of product
placed. This equates to 1.14 inches per hour or 0.029 meters per hour of infiltration.
This accounts for the infiltration rate of the paver surface and the bedding stone subgrade,
but does not account for the infiltration rate of the subsurface soils.
According to the soil boring logs for the site (Al Mawazeen Soil Testing 2007),
the entire site (13 boreholes taken) can be classified as a silty gravelly sand (classification
SM on the Unified Soil Classification System) down to the water table, which was
between 11.5 ft (3.5 m) and 16.4 ft (5.0 m) below the ground surface. A SM soil belongs
in the Class B Hydrologic Soil Group (HSG Type B) and is assumed to have 0.6 inches
per hour infiltration rate (MNSWM 2006). As such, an infiltration rate of 0.6 inches per
hour (0.05 ft/hr) will be used as the infiltration rate for the site since the subsurface soils
serve as the limiting condition. Finally, a water table greater than 11.5 feet below the
surface is more than sufficient for infiltration based stormwater BMPs.

3.0 Calculations

To determine whether the site meets SS Credit 6.1 and 6.2 Criteria, analysis will
be separated into two components. The first is that all rainfall landing on the pervious
paver surface will infiltrate and the second is that the pervious paver surfaces will have
enough additional capacity to accommodate run-off from the adjacent buildings.

Pervious Paver Surface

The direct volume that fall on the pavers over a 24 hour period is 0.09 feet
(0.02754 m). As such, the rainfall rate associated with a 24-hour storm event is 0.00375
feet per hour (0.00114 m/hr), which the volume of rainfall divided by 24 hours (0.09 ft
24 hrs). The infiltration rate associated with the pervious paver system is 0.05 feet per
hour. The excess infiltration rate (i.e. the additional amount of stormwater run-off the



pavement system can handle) is infiltration rate of the paver system (0.05 ft/hr) minus the
rainfall rate (0.00375 ft/hr):
excess infiltration rate =0.05 ft/hr 0.00375 ft/hr =0.04625 ft/hr (0.1410
m/hr)

Workshops #6 through #9

Workshops #6 through #9 represent the double units with a typical cross-section
located in Appendix B. Since each workshop has a gutter and downspout system, the
run-off and infiltration calculations should be performed for each unit. However, since
each unit has the same dimensions, same exterior layout, and symmetric configuration,
calculations for one individual workshop are applicable to all double unit workshops.
Based on the cross-section, a 13 meter by 22 meter (half of the double unit) area will
drain onto the pervious pavers through either a gutter system (13 m by 20 m) or direct
run-off (13 m by 2 m). The roof consists of metal sheeting with a presumed run-off
coefficient of 1.0 such that all rainfall landing on the roof will end on the pervious paver
system. Therefore, the run-off volume is the surface area (13 m x 22 m =286 m
2
or
3078.5 ft
2
) times the 24 hour rainfall amount (0.09 ft):
volume of run-off from a double unit workshop =3078.5 ft
2
x 0.09 ft =
277.07 ft
3
(7.846 m
3
)
The excess infiltration rate for the 24 hour storm event was 0.04625 feet per hour
(0.01410 m/hr). Over a 24 hour period a total of 1.110 feet (0.338 m) of stormwater run-
off depth can infiltrate (0.04625 ft/hr x 24 hrs =1.110 ft). Therefore, the required surface
area needed to drain the two-year 24-hour storm is the run-off volume (277.07 ft
3
)
divided by the infiltration depth (1.110 ft):
required surface area for 100% infiltration =277.07 ft
3
1.11 ft =249.61
ft
2
(23.19 m
2
)
Adjacent to each workshop is an area for three parked cars with a dimension of 7
meters by 7.5 meters (52.5 m
2
or 565.1 ft
2
) that will receive all run-off from the roof.
Therefore, since the required surface area (249.61 ft
2
) is less than the available area



(565.1 ft
2
), 100% infiltration is achieved for the two-year 24-hour storm with plenty of
additional surface area available for drainage in case of surface clogging.
Another methodology for proving 100% infiltration is to compare required
infiltration rate with excess infiltration rate. The infiltration rate of the two-year 24-hour
storm is the total volume (277.07 ft
3
) divided by surface area (565.1 ft
2
) divided by a 24
hour period:
infiltration rate of two-year 24-hour storm =(277.07 ft
3
565.1 ft) 24
hours =0.49 ft 24 hr =0.02 ft/hr (0.0062 m/hr)
Since the excess infiltration rate (0.04625 ft/hr) exceeds the two-year 24-hour storm
infiltration rate (0.02 ft/hr), 100% infiltration is achieved.