AB-19

CASCODE AMPLIFIER
ANALOG LAB
EXPERIMENT BOARD
Ver. 1.0
An ISO 9001: 2000 company
94-101, Electronic Complex, Pardesipra INDORE-4!2010, India"
AB-19
Tel.: 91-#$1-2!#0$01 Fax: 91-#$1-2!!!%4$
Emal: in&o'scientec(")* !e": +++"scientec(")*
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. 2
AB-19
CASCODE AMPLIFIER
AB-19
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introdction $
,. ,(eory !
-. Experiment 1 -
,o stdy t(e operation o& Cascode Ampli&ier
.. Experiment 2 10
,o stdy t(e &re.ency response o&
Cascode Ampli&ier
/atas(eet 12
/. 0arranty 14
0. 1ist o& ser2ice Centers 1!
1. 1ist o& Accessories +it( A3-19 1%

S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. $
AB-19
INTROD2CTION
AB-19 is a compact, ready to se CASCODE AMPLIFIER experiment
)oard" ,(is )oard is se&l &or stdents to nderstand t(e +or4in5 and
operation o& 2arios cascade ampli&ier sta5es" It can )e sed as stand alone
nit +it( external /C po+er spply or can )e sed +it( SCIENTEC3
ANALOG LAB ST-,01, +(ic( (as )ilt in /C po+er spply, AC po+er
spply, &nction 5enerator, modlation 5enerator, continity tester, to55le
s+itc(es, and potentiometer"
L)% '4 B'ar+) :
M'+el Name
AB-01
AB-0,
AB-0-
AB-0.
AB-0/
AB-00
AB-01
AB-05
AB-09
AB-1/
AB-10
AB-11
AB-15
AB-,1
AB-,,
AB-,-
AB-,0
AB-,5
AB-,9
AB--0
AB--1
AB--,
AB---
AB-.1
AB-.,
AB-.-
/iode c(aracteristics 6Si, 7ener, 1E/8
,ransistor c(aracteristics 6C3 9P98
,ransistor c(aracteristics 6C3 P9P8
,ransistor c(aracteristics 6CE 9P98
,ransistor c(aracteristics 6CE P9P8
,ransistor c(aracteristics 6CC 9P98
,ransistor c(aracteristics 6CC P9P8
:E, c(aracteristics
;ecti&ier Circits
Common Emitter Ampli&ier
Common Collector Ampli&ier
Common 3ase Ampli&ier
;C-Copled Ampli&ier
Class A Ampli&ier
Class 3 Ampli&ier 6ps( pll emitter &ollo+er8
Class C ,ned Ampli&ier
P(ase 1oc4ed 1oop 6:< /emodlator =
:re.ency /i2ider><ltiplier8
<lti2i)rators 6Asta)le > <onosta)le8
:-? and ?-: Con2erter
?-I and I-? Con2erter
7ener ?olta5e ;e5lator
,ransistor Series ?olta5e ;e5lator
,ransistor S(nt ?olta5e ;e5lator
/i&&erential Ampli&ier 6,ransistori*ed8
Operational Ampli&ier 6In2ertin5 > 9on-
in2ertin5 > /i&&erentiator8
Operational Ampli&ier 6Adder>Scalar8
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. 4
AB-19
AB-..
AB-./
AB-/1
AB-/,
AB-/-
AB-/0
AB-0/
AB-00
AB-01
AB-51
AB-5,
AB-5-
AB-5.
AB-90
AB-91
AB-9,
AB-9-
Operational Ampli&ier 6Inte5rator>
/i&&erentiator8
Sc(mitt ,ri55er and Comparator
Acti2e &ilters 61o+ Pass and @i5( Pass8
Acti2e 3and Pass :ilter
9otc( :ilter
:i)er Optic Analo5 1in4
P(ase S(i&t Oscillator
0ien 3rid5e Oscillators
Colpitt Oscillator
Airc(o&&Bs 1a+s 6Airc(o&&Bs Crrent 1a+ =
Airc(o&&Bs ?olta5e 1a+8
,(e2eninBs and <aximm po+er ,rans&er
,(eorem
;eciprocity and Sperposition ,(eorem
,elle5enBs ,(eorem
,+o port net+or4 parameter
Optical ,ransdcer 6P(oto2oltaic cell8
Optical ,ransdcer 6P(otocondcti2e cell>1/;8
Optical ,ransdcer 6P(oto,ransistor8

C" and many more
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. !
AB-19
T3EOR6
Sin5le ampli&ier circits, sc( as a common emitter, common )ase and
common collector ampli&iers are seldom &ond alone, as a sin5le sta5e
ampli&ier, in any system" Denerally, at least t+o or more t(an t+o sta5es
are connected in cascade com)ination" I& t(e otpt o& one ampli&ier is
connected 6copled8 to t(e inpt o& anot(er ampli&ier t(e sta5es are said to
)e connected in EcascadeE" ,(e )ene&it o& cascaded ampli&iers is to de2elop
an otpt 2olta5e lar5er t(an eit(er sta5e alone can de2elop"
,(e 5ain o& a sin5le sta5e is not as important as t(e system 5ain" /esi5ners
sally set indi2idal sta5e 5ains relati2ely lo+ to redce si5nal distortion"
One o& t(e 2ery important re.irements o& cascade is &irst sta5e otpt
impedance o& ampli&ier matc(es to inpt impedance o& second sta5e +(ic(
is 4no+n as impedance matc(in5" 0(en t(e otpt impedance o& pre2ios
sta5e matc(es +it( t(e inpt impedance o& its next sta5e, maximm po+er
is trans&erred"
Ca)#'+e Am7l4er :
Cascode ampli&ier is a special case o& cascade ampli&ier" Cascode ampli&ier
is a t+o sta5e ampli&ier, +(ic( comprises a CE ampli&ier dri2in5 a C3
ampli&ier" ,(e CE ampli&ier (as +it( si5ni&icant crrent and 2olta5e 5ain
moderate inpt and otpt impedance" ,(e (i5( inpt impedance is
desira)le +(ile t(e (i5( otpt impedance possess some pro)lems" ,(e
(i5(er t(e otpt impedance t(e less crrent can )e dra+n &rom an
ampli&ier +it(ot a si5ni&icant drop in otpt 2olta5e ",(e CE is sed most
o&ten &or 2olta5e ampli&ication "It can pro2ide a lar5e otpt 2olta5e s+in5"
In mltista5e system t(is otpt )ecomes t(e inpt o& t(e next sta5e o& t(e
system ",(e emitter resistor ampli&ier is similar to t(e CE ampli&ier )t (as
lo+er 2olta5e 5ain and (i5(er inpt impedance "3ecase o& t(e &eed)ac4
present in t(is ampli&ier, internal noise 5enerated )y t(e transistor is almost
eliminated"
,(e C3 ampli&ier (as lo+ inpt impedance and relati2ely (i5( otpt
impedance" ,(ese properties are less desira)le &or si5nal ampli&ication" I&
t(e )ase is )ypassed to 5rond +it( a capacitor, t(e ampli&ier (as (i5(
2olta5e 5ain )t t(e crrent 5ain is less t(an nity ",(s i& t(e sorce
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. %
AB-19
dri2in5 t(e ampli&ier (as a lo+ impedance, and t(e load is dra+in5 little
crrent, t(e C3 can )e sed as a 2olta5e ampli&ier "I& t(e dri2in5 sorce (as
a (i5(er impedance, +e can o&&set t(is ndesira)le e&&ect )y sin5 a CE
ampli&ier to dri2e t(e C3 ampli&ier" ,(s t(e o2erall inpt impedance is
(i5("
Cr#8% Da(ram '4 Ca)#'+e Am7l4er :
F(.,

In Cascode Ampli&ier ,ransistor ,
1
&orms t(e CE ampli&ier and C3
ampli&ier tili*es ,
2
",(is con&i5ration (as t(e ad2anta5e o& increased
otpt resistance and +ider &re.ency response +(ile maintainin5 (i5(
2olta5e 5ain" ,(e inpt resistance o& t(e CE sta5e is relati2ely (i5(" ,(e
lo+ inpt impedance o& t(e C3 circit &orms t(e load resistance &or t(e CE
sta5e ",(e collector crrent o& ,
2
is almost e.al to t(e collector crrent o&
,
1
, +(ic( in trn dri2es t(e load 6;
1
FF ;c
2
8 in t(is circit t(e capacitor are
considered as s(ort circits" ,(e dc sorce, ?
cc
, is set to 5rond potential
since +e are interested in t(e ac component o& t(e si5nals since ;
E
is
)ypassed )y CE"
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. #
AB-19
Ba$+9+%& '4 a Ca)#'+e Am7l4er :
3and+idt( is de&ined as t(e )and o& &re.ency o2er +(ic( t(e ampli&ier
5ain is constant"
F(. -
,(e &1 and &2 points are also 4no+n as (al& po+er points" ,(e (al& po+er
points are t(e points at +(ic( t(e si5nal amplitde (as dropped to "#0#
percent o& t(e maximm si5nal amplitde" Any &re.ency )elo+ t(e &1 or
a)o2e t(e &2 point is not considered a sa)le otpt &rom t(e ampli&ier" ,(e
)and+idt( o& t(e ampli&ier is t(e di&&erence )et+een t(e &1 and &2 points"
3and+idt( 638 G &2 H &1 CCCCC"628
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. -
AB-19
EXPERIMENT 1
O":e#% :
T' )%8+; %&e '7era%'$ '4 Ca)#'+e am7l4er.
A77ara%8) Re<8re+ :
1. Analo5 )oard AB-19"
,. /C po+er spply I12? &rom external sorce or ST-,01, A$al'(
La""
-. :nction Denerator"
.. Oscilloscope"
/. 2mm patc( c(ords"
Cr#8% Da(ram :
Circit sed to stdy t(e operation o& Cascode ampli&ier is s(o+n )elo+ :
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. 9
AB-19

F(..
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. 10
Pr'#e+8re :
Connect I12? 2aria)le dc po+er spplies at t(eir indicated
position &rom external sorce or ST-,01, A$al'( La""
1. Connect 1?
p-p
, 1 A@* Sine +a2e si5nal at t(e inpt 6)et+een points
?
in
and 5nd8 o& Cascode ampli&ier AB-19 )oard and o)ser2e t(e
same on oscilloscope C@ I"
,. O)ser2e t(e otpt +a2e&orm )et+een points ?ot and 5nd" on
oscilloscope C@ II"
-. Calclate t(e ?olta5e Dain 6A
?
8"
Re)8l% :
?olta5e Dain o& Cascode ampli&ier JA
?
G ?
ot
> ?
in
K G CCCCCCC""
EXPERIMENT ,
AB-19
O":e#% :
T' )%8+; %&e Fre<8e$#; Re)7'$)e '4 Ca)#'+e am7l4er.
A77ara%8) Re<8re+ :
1. Analo5 )oard AB-19"
,. /C po+er spply I12? &rom external sorce or ST-,01, A$al'(
La""
-. :nction Denerator"
.. Oscilloscope"
/. 2mm patc( c(ords"
Cr#8% Da(ram :
Circit sed to stdy t(e :re.ency ;esponse o& Cascode ampli&ier is
s(o+n )elo+:
F(./
Pr'#e+8re :
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. 1,
AB-19
Connect I12? 2aria)le dc po+er spplies at t(eir indicated
position &rom external sorce or S,-,01, A$al'( La""
1. Connect 1?
p-p
, 100@* Sine +a2e si5nal at t(e inpt 6)et+een points
?
in
and 5nd8 o& ampli&ier o& AB-19 )oard and o)ser2e t(e same on
oscilloscope C@ I"
,. O)ser2e t(e otpt +a2e&orm )et+een points ?
ot
and 5nd on
oscilloscope C@ II"
-. Increase t(e inpt &re.ency 2ale and o)ser2e t(e otpt +a2e&orm
amplitde on oscilloscope
.. <easre t(e maximm amplitde o& t(e otpt sine +a2e and t(e
&re.ency ran5e &or +(ic( t(e otpt +a2e amplitde is $d3 do+n
t(e maximm amplitde"6t(is +ill 5i2e t+o 2al2es o& &re.ency &
1
and &
@
, t(e lo+er $d3 &re.ency and (i5(er $d3 &re.ency
respecti2ely8 as s(o+n in &i5"!"
/. Calclate 3and+idt( o& Cascode ampli&ier sin5 E."2
Re)8l% :
&1 6lo+er $d3 &re.ency8 G CCCCCCCCC"""
&2 6(i5(er $d3 &re.ency8 G CCCCCCCCC""
3and+idt( 6&2 H &18 G CCCCCCCCCCCC
DATAS3EET
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. 1-
AB-19
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. 1.
AB-19
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. 1/
AB-19
!ARRANT6
1= 0e 5arantee t(e instrment a5ainst all man&actrin5 de&ects drin5
24 mont(s &rom t(e date o& sale )y s or t(ro5( or dealers"
,= ,(e 5arantee co2ers man&actrin5 de&ects in respect o& indi5enos
components and material limited to t(e +arranty extended to s )y t(e
ori5inal man&actrer, and de&ect +ill )e recti&ied as &ar as lies +it(in
or control"
-= ,(e 5arantee +ill )ecome INVALID.
a= I& t(e instrment is not operated as per instrction 5i2en in t(e
instrction manal"
"= I& t(e a5reed payment terms and ot(er conditions o& sale are not
&ollo+ed"
#= I& t(e cstomer resells t(e instrment to anot(er party"
+= Pro2ided no attempt (a2e )een made to ser2ice and modi&y t(e
instrment"
.= ,(e non-+or4in5 o& t(e instrment is to )e commnicated to s
immediately 5i2in5 &ll details o& t(e complaints and de&ects noticed
speci&ically mentionin5 t(e type and sr" no" o& t(e instrment, date o&
prc(ase etc"
/= ,(e repair +or4 +ill )e carried ot, pro2ided t(e instrment is
dispatc(ed secrely pac4ed and insred +it( t(e rail+ays" ,o and &ro
c(ar5es +ill )e to t(e accont o& t(e cstomer"
DESPATC3 PROCED2RE FOR SERVICE
S(old it )ecome necessary to send )ac4 t(e instrment to &actory please
o)ser2e t(e &ollo+in5 procedre:
1= 3e&ore dispatc(in5 t(e instrment please +rite to s 5i2in5 &ll details
o& t(e &alt noticed"
,= A&ter receipt o& yor letter or repairs dept" +ill ad2ise yo +(et(er it
is necessary to send t(e instrment )ac4 to s &or repairs or t(e
adLstment is possi)le in yor premises"
/ispatc( t(e instrment 6only on t(e receipt o& or ad2ice8 secrely pac4ed
in ori5inal pac4in5 dly insred and &rei5(t paid alon5 +it( accessories and
a copy o& t(e details noticed to s at or &actory address"
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. 10
AB-19
LIST OF SERVICE CENTERS
1. Scientec( ,ec(nolo5ies P" 1td"
90, Electronic Complex P(: 60#$18 !2029!9
Pardesipra, Email: in&o'scientec(")*
I9/O;E H 4!2010
,. Scientec( ,ec(nolo5ies P" 1td"
:irst :loor, P(": 60118 2%!1$912, 2%-%494$
14, Mday Par4, :ax: 60118 2%-%494$"
9E0 /E1@I H 110049 Email: ndel'scientec(")*
-. Scientec( ,ec(nolo5ies P" 1td"
9e+ no"2, Old no"10, 4
t(
street P(": 60448 !21-#!4-, !21-#!49
?en4ates+ara na5ar, Adyar :ax: 60448 !21-#!49
C@E99AI H %0002! Email: c(ennai'scientec(")*
.. Scientec( ,ec(nolo5ies P" 1td"
202>19, 4
t(
main street P(": 60-08 !12-!011
Dan5ana5ar, :ax: 60-08 !12-!022
3A9DA1O;E- !%00$2 Email: )an5alore'scientec(")*
/. Scientec( ,ec(nolo5ies P" 1td"
:irst &loor, 1 )loc4 P(": 60228 !%299!4#
;anLit stdio compond, :ax: 60228 241!!9-4
/ada Sa(e) P(al4e road, Email: stplmm'2snl"net
/adar 6East8
<M<3AI H 400014
0. Scientec( ,ec(nolo5ies P" 1td"
9--, Sadas(i2 Pet(, P(": 60208 244%1%#$
Dyan Pra)od(ini 1ane, :ax: 60208 244-240$
PM9E H 4110$0 Email: pne'scientec(")*
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. 11
AB-19
LIST OF ACCESSORIES
1. 2mm patc( cord 6red8CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC"""1 9os"
,. 2mm patc( cord 6)le8CCCCCCC"CCCCCCCC2 9os"
-. 2mm patc( cord 6)lac48CCCCCCCCCCCCCC"""$ 9os"
S#e$%e#& Te#&$'l'(e) P*%. L%+. 15