Introduction With the growth of Urbanization, washing of cloths has turned out to be a commercial proposition and led to the establishment of modern dry cleaning units in the cities as well in big towns. The services of these units are very prompt and efficient. The occupation includes all types of cleaning, dyeing, bleaching and dry cleaning. The occupation has changed with the passage of time. The laundering services in the past were rendered by dhobis who used to collect clothes, wash and iron them and deliver the clothes back to their customers. Nowadays the customers themselves go to deliver and collect clothes. About Services People of today are very particular about their dress material, furnishing, linen etc, People prefer to wear and use expensive and well cleaned and ironed dress materials. Furnishing, linen etc. especially during public appearances. This has opened the scope for Dry Cleaning units. Dry Cleaning unit is servicing industry. The process of conventional cleaning, prevailing in nook and corner of cities and towns is slowly refused by people and Dry Cleaning process is preferred instead. Disadvantage in conventional cleaning, like river or well cleaning causes damage to expensive synthetic dress material and furnishings. Market Potential Developments taking in all spheres of human life have an effect on the cleanliness and decency of dress materials and other linen also. Lack of time and other factors has make people to get their dress, furnishing and linen materials washed and ironed in dry cleaners. Easy in removing strains, get original looking of repairing of turned cloths and smooth ironing in dry cleaning system are the desired aspect of mechanized dry cleaning. Most people don't think about how their clothes are going to be cleaned when they drop them off at a neighborhood dry cleaner. They are only interested in receiving professionally cleaned and pressed clothing, at a reasonable price, within a short amount of time. In cities and town of northeast India, the fashion & style and way of life are, like other parts of the country, cleaning fast and equally the dependence on service base industries is also growing. Suggested Capacity:
The proposed dry cleaning unit all kind of dress and furnishing will be washed dried and ironed without damaging its colour, shed or embroidery works. The dry cleaning services per annum will be as follows: Cleaning and pressing per day: 100 KG Cleaning and pressing per annum: 30,000 KG Miscellaneous job (annually) like- colour dying: 300 Pcs. patch repairing: 1,000 Pcs. polishing 2,000 Pcs. Basis:- No. of working days = 300 days per year No. of Shifts = 1 per day. One shift = 10 hours
341 Infrastructure Requirement: The main Infrastructure facilities required are: Required area: 500 Sq.ft. Power requirement 5 kw. Water (required in every working day) 6-7 KL of water
Raw Materials and its availability:
The typical unit being a service industry, the amount required for working materials is negligible. The main requirement are washing powder and cake soap, petrol, stain-removing chemicals, sewing threads and packaging materials. Total annual requirement is calculated at Rs. 0.50 lakh. All material & consumable items can be procured from local agencies in the open market.
Suggested Location:
Modern dry cleaning units can be located in the cities, big towns and as well as in large urban areas preferably near main marketing center in northeastern states, including Sikkim.
Process: A dry cleaning process in which the garments are cleaned by immersion in a solvent in one machine and physically transferred to another piece of equipment for drying. During the transfer, the opportunity exists for release of solvents to the work environment. The process for cleaning sensitive textiles (i.e., wool, silk rayon, linen) and removing certain stains and dust by skilled professionals using water, detergents and additives to minimize the potential for adverse effects. Appropriate drying and restorative finishing procedures follow this process. Until recent years, this term involved primarily very skilled hand processing. PROJECT ECONOMICS
The total capital requirement estimated is Rs.12.92 lakhs as given below: - A. Fixed Capital (Amount Rs. in lakhs) Land & Building Own/Lease Ci vil Works i.) Counter/Store 2.80 ii.) Built up of working shed 150 Sq. Ft. 1.10
Plant & equipments 5.00 Other misc. Fixed Assets (Water arrangement/Overhead-Reservoir/Pump-set Water & Electrical fittings/Other Equipments) 1.20
Preliminary & Pre-operati ve Expenses 0.50 Sub Total (A) Rs. 10.60 B. Working Capital (Norms) (Amount Rs. in lakhs) Raw Materials/Consumables 2 months 1.00 Working Expenses 1 month 0.33 Finished Goods 10 days 0.17 Receivable 25 days 0.82 Sub Total (B) Rs. 2.32
342 Note: Working Capital to be financed as:- Margin Money: Rs. 0.92 Bank Finance: Rs. 1.40 Rs. 2.32
Means of Finance (Rs. in Lakhs)
Promoters Equity(25%) 2.88 Term Loan(75%) 8.64 Rs.11.52
Based on the sales Turnover and the operating expenses, the profit would be Rs. 3.04 lakhs per year. This works out to a return on capital investment of 14%. The unit would break-even at about 41% of the rated capacity.
Raw Materials/Consumables
Items Quantity Amount (Rs.) Washing Powder 250 KG 12,000 Petrol 500 Ltr. 23,000 Misc. Soap Cake, Chemicals, threads, stationeries, packing materials and others. L.S. 15,000
Plant & Machinery
Plant & Machinery No. Required H.P. required Amount in Rs.
Heavy duty Washing Machine 1 2 H.P. 96,000 Hydro Extractor 1 2 H.P. 60,000 Dry Cleaning Machine with motor 1 - 1,20,000 Drying Tumbler 1 4 H.P. 1,22,000 Pressing Machine 1 1 H.P. 28,000 Hand irons 5 - 3,000 Misc. equipments L.S. 5,000 Add.15% towards tax, freights insurance. etc. 65,000 Total Rs. 4,99,000 Say Rs. 5.00 Lakhs
343 Raw Materials/Consumables Items Quantity Amount (Rs.) Washing Powder 250 KG 12,000 Petrol 500 Ltr. 23,000 Misc. Soap Cake, Chemicals, threads, stationeries, packing materials and others. L.S. 15,000 Utilities: Power Requirement: For Plant & Machinery 10 H.P. For General Lighting 2 H.P. Total 12 H.P. Annual power consumption: 12 H.P. X 0.746 X 5 hrs.X 300 days.X Rs5.50 Annual Electric Bill Rs.= 74,000 Sales Turnover: Services Annual services (pcs.) Annual Turn Over (Rs. in Lakhs) 1. Cleaning and pressing 2. Miscellaneous job like- colour dying: patch repairing: polishing 30,000 KG
300 Pcs 1,000 Pcs. 3,000 Pcs. 6.00
0.30 0.50 3.00 Total Rs. 9.80 Break Even Analysis A. Variable Cost: (Rs. in Lakhs) Raw Materials/Consumables 0.50 Utilities 0.74 Selling Expenses 0.49 1.73 B. Semi-Variable Cost: (Rs. in Lakhs) Wages & Salaries 3.17 Repair & Maintenance 0.12 Administrative Overhead 0.20 Depreciation 0.40 Interest 1.14 5.03 C. Sales Turnover: Rs. 9.80 Lakhs D. Contribution: Rs. 8.07 Lakhs E. Break Even Point B/D X !00% 62% Manpower: Category No. of Person Salary Per Person Per Month(Rs) Monthly Salary Bill (Rs.) a) Manager 1 6,000 6,000 b) Technician/ Skilled Worker 2 5,000 10,000 c) Semi skilled workers 2 4,000 8,000 Total Manpower cost Rs. 24,000 Salary Bill Rs 2.88 Lakhs + Benefits @10% annually i.e. Rs 0.29 Total Annual Salary Bill: Rs. 3.17 Highlights: The major highlights of the project are as follows: Total Capital requirement Rs. 12.92 lakhs Promoters contribution Rs. 2.90 lakhs Annual Sales realization Rs. 9.80 lakhs Annual Operating Expenses Rs. 6.76 lakhs Annual Profit Rs. 3.04 lakhs Return on sales 31% Break-even point 62% No. of person employed
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