Swami Vivekananda Vidya Mandir

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

Active Voice: In the active voice the subject is active and is the doer of the action.
Ex: Rama writes a novel
Rama Subject (doer)
Write Verb
A !ove" Object
Paive Voice: In the passive voice the subject is receiver of the action. Hence generally the
passive voice may be used when the agent is unknown or when we do not care to name the
agent.
!e should observe the table of active tenses and their passive e"uivalents.
#he subject is in the active voice will become the object of $by% in the passive voice.
S# No Te!e$Verb %orm Active voice Paive voice
&. 'imple present !rite ( !rites Is ( are written
). *resent continuous Is ( are writing Is ( are being written
+. *ast continuous !as ( were writing !as ( were being written
,. 'imple past tense !rote !as ( were written
-. *resent perfect Has ( have written Has ( have been written
.. /uture 'imple !ill write !ill be written
0. 1onditional !ould write !ould be written
2. *erfect conditional !ould have written !ould have been written
3. Infinite #o write #o be written
&4. *erfect infinite #o have written #o have been written
&&. *resent participle !ritten 5eing written
&). *erfect participle Having written Having been written
&+. *ast perfect Had written Had been written
E&am'"e:
&. Sim'"e 'ree!t
I write a novel.
S.V.V Mandir, Katherapalli.
Swami Vivekananda Vidya Mandir
6 novel is written by me.
). Pree!t Co!ti!uou
He is writing a novel.
6 novel is being written by him.
+. Pat Co!ti!uou
He was writing a novel.
6 novel was being written by me.
,. Sim'"e 'at te!e
He wrote a novel.
6 novel was written by him.
-. Pree!t 'er%ect
He has written a novel.
6 novel has been written by me.
.. (uture Sim'"e
He will write a novel.
6 novel will be written by me.
0. Co!ditio!a"
He would write a novel.
6 novel would be written by him.
2. Per%ect co!ditio!a"
He would have written novel.
6 novel would have been written by me.
3. I!%i!ite
He is to write a novel.
6 novel is to be written by me.
&4. Per%ect i!%i!ite
He used to have written a novel.
6 novel used to have been written by him.
&&. Pree!t Partici'"e
He has written a novel.
6 novel has being written by him.
&). Per%ect Partici'"e
He is having written a novel.
S.V.V Mandir, Katherapalli.
Swami Vivekananda Vidya Mandir
6 novel is having been written by him.
&+. Pat 'er%ect
He had written a novel.
6 novel had been written by him.
I ) me
*e ) +im
S+e ) +er
T+e, ) t+em
We ) u
It ) it
-ou ) ,ou
E&: . 7'ubject8 7verb8 79bject8
#he cat killed a rat 76ctive :oice8
#he rat was killed by the cat 7*assive voice8
7'ubject8 7:erb8 79bject8
#he object in the active voice becomes the subject in the passive voice.
E&: /
In the passive voice there must be a $be% form followed by the past participle of the
main verb.
a. In the present tense the $be% forms are $is% $am% and $are%.
b. In the past tense the $be% forms are $was% and $were%.
c. In the continuous tense the $be% forms are $being%.
d. In the perfect tense the $be% form is $been%.
e. #he $by% ; agent is omitted when the agent is unnecessary unknown or obvious.
Ex: &. *eople called <andhiji =ahatma.
6. <andhiji was called =ahatma.
). 6 police arrested the thief.
6. #he thief was arrested.
I!terro0ative Se!te!ce: 9bserve the following verbs.
>oes do becomes is
>id becomes was
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Swami Vivekananda Vidya Mandir
!hat becomes what
!ho becomes by whom
!ill becomes will
'hall becomes shall
1an becomes can
!hy becomes why
!hom becomes who
!as becomes was
How becomes how
6re becomes is
1# Do ,ou ee a! aero'"a!e2
6. Is an aeroplane seen by you?
.# Did +e read t+at boo32
6. !as that book read him?
/# Wi"" t+e, +e"' ,ou2
6. !ill you be helped by them?
4# Wa I readi!0 a !e5'a'er2
6. !as a newspaper being read by me?
6# *ave ,ou o"ved t+e um2
6. Have the sums been solved by you?
7# W+at are ,ou doi!02
6. !hat is being done by you?
8# W+o 'reided over t+e meeti!02
6. 5y whom was the meeting presided over?
9# W+o doe ,our mot+er "i3e mot2
6. !ho is liked most by your mother?
:# *o5 +a +e deceived ,ou2
6. How have you been deceived by him?
1;# W+, did ,ou i!u"t +im2
6. !hy was he insulted by you?
11# Am I a""o5ed to come i!2
S.V.V Mandir, Katherapalli.
Swami Vivekananda Vidya Mandir
6. =ay I come in?
1.# Are t+e, bui"di!0 a 'a"ace2
6. Is a palace being built by them?
1/# Do t+e, 'ea3 *i!di 5e"" i! t+e out+2
6. Is Hindi spoken well in the south by them?
14# Did ,ou com'"ete ,our 5or32
6. !as your work completed by you?
16# Wi"" t+e, read t+e tor,2
6. !ill the story be read by them?
17# W+at did t+e, te"" ,ou ,eterda,2
6. !hat were you told yesterday by them?
18# W+at did t+e, teac+ ,ou2
6. !hat were(was you taught by them?
19# W+o 5rote t+e "etter2
6. 5y whom was the letter written.
1:# W+o i drivi!0 t+e car2
6. 5y whom is the car being driven?
.;# W+o ca! %i!i+ t+e 5or3 i! a da,2
6. 5y whom can the work be finished in a day?
Im'erative Se!te!ce (E&'re comma!d)
In imperative sentences $let be% is used to change the voice if the sentences is to remain
imperative otherwise should be can also used.
E&: 1 O'e! t+e door#
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Swami Vivekananda Vidya Mandir
@et the door be opened.
E&: . Do!<t '"uc3 %"o5er#
@et the flowers not be plucked.
E&: / =et u do t+i 5or3#
#his work should be done by us ( @et this work be done by us.
E&: 4 S+ut t+e door#
@et the door be shut.
In case of intransitive verbs the imperative sentences are changed into passive voice
like this.
E&: 1 P"eae ta!d u'#
Aou are re"uested to stand up.
E&: . Sit do5!#
Aou are ordered to sit down.
E&: / Wor3 +ard
Aou are advised to work hard.
I!tra!itive: 6 verb that takes no object.
1# O'e! t+e door# S+e 5i"" come out#
6. If she opens the door she will come out.
.# Stud, 5e""# -ou 5i"" 'a
6. If you study well you will pass.
/# Ta3e a mor!i!0 5a"3# -ou 5i"" be +ea"t+,
6. If you take a morning walk you will be healthy.
4# Co!tro" ,our diet ot+er5ie ,ou 5i"" be i""#
6. If you control your diet you will not be ill.
6# Wa"3 %at or e"e ,ou 5i"" mi t+e bu#
6. If you walk fast you will not miss the bus.
7# A3 me ot+er5ie I do!<t +e"' ,ou
6. If you ask me I will help you.
8# Wor3 +ard ot+er5ie ,ou 5i"" %ai"#
S.V.V Mandir, Katherapalli.
Swami Vivekananda Vidya Mandir
6. If you work hard you will not be failed.
9# >et u' ear", or ,ou 5i"" be "ate#
6. If you get up early you will not be late.
:# Come i!)time ot+er5ie ,ou 5i"" be mar3ed abe!t#
6. If you come inBtime you will not be marked absent.
1;# S+o5 me ,our +a"")tic3et o!", t+e! I 5i"" "et ,ou i!#
6. If you show me your hallBticket I will let you in.
11# Read t+e i!tructio! care%u"", t+e! o!", ,ou ca! a!5er t+e 'a'er#
6. If you read the instructions carefully you can answer the paper.
S.V.V Mandir, Katherapalli.