Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Business Analysis - Introduction Presented By : Abubakar Munawar Project Manager / Lead Business Analyst abubakar.munawar@gmail.com AUC Technologies Agenda About The Course What is Business Analysis ? Some Important Concepts Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Some Important Concepts What is Business Analyst and Why That Role Is Important? Getting Started As a Business Analyst Whats In Next Lecture ? AUC Technologies Business Analysis ? Any Idea ? Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Any Idea ? AUC Technologies About The Course Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Knowl Tasks Inputs Tools & Techniques Outputs Task Knowledge Area [KA] Task AUC Technologies What is Business Analysis ? Business analysis is the set of tasks and techniques used to work as a liaison among stakeholders in order to understand the structure, policies, and operations of an organization, and recommend solutions that enable the organization to achieve its goals. International Institute of Business Analysis [IIBA] - BABOK v2.0 Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Business analysis is the set of tasks, knowledge, and techniques required to identify business needs and determine solutions to business problems. Solutions often include a systems development component, but may also consist of process improvement or organizational change. The person who carries out this task is called a Business Analyst or BA. Those BAs who work solely on developing software systems may be called IT Business Analysts or Technical Business Analysts. Wikipedia AUC Technologies Some Important Concepts Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Some Important Concepts AUC Technologies Definition - Solutions Solution A solution meets a business need, by solving problems or allowing the organization to take advantage of an opportunity. Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company A solution can be subdivided into components, including the information systems that support it, the processes that manage it, and the people who operate it. Business analysis helps organizations to define the optimal solution for their needs, given the set of constraints (including time, budget, regulations, and others) under which that organization operates. AUC Technologies Definition - Scope Scope In Project Management, the scope of a project is the sum total of all of its products and their requirements or features. In Business Analysis we use 2 predominate definitions for Scope: Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company In Business Analysis we use 2 predominate definitions for Scope: Solution Scope is the set of capabilities a solution must support to meet the business need. Project Scope is the work necessary to construct and implement a particular solution. AUC Technologies What is Requirement ? Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company What is Requirement ? AUC Technologies Definition - Requirement A Requirement is: 1. A condition or capability needed by a stakeholder to solve a problem or achieve an objective. 2. A condition or capability that must be met or possessed by a solution or solution component to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company solution component to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other formally imposed documents. 3. A documented representation of a condition or capability as in (1) or (2). Requirement may be unstated, implied by other requirements, or directly stated and managed. Requirement must be clearly communicated to & understood by Stakeholders AUC Technologies Types of Requirements ? Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Types of Requirements ? AUC Technologies Types / Level of Requirement Business Requirements are higher-level statements of the goals, objectives, or needs of the enterprise. They describe such things the reasons why a project is initiated, the things that the project will achieve, and the metrics which will be used to measure its success. Stakeholder Requirements are statements of the needs of a particular stakeholder or class of stakeholders. They describe the needs that a given stakeholder has and how that stakeholder will interact with a solution. Stakeholder Requirements serve as a bridge between Business Requirements and the various classes of solution requirements. Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Solution Requirements describe the characteristics of a solution that meets the business requirements and stakeholder requirements. They are frequently divided, particularly when the requirements describe a software solution, into: Functional Requirements describe the behavior and information that the solution will manage. They describe capabilities the system will be able to perform in terms of behaviors or operations a specific system action or response. Non-functional Requirements capture conditions that do not directly relate to the behavior or functionality of the solution, but rather describe environmental conditions under which the solution must remain effective or qualities that the systems must have. They are also known as quality or supplementary requirements. AUC Technologies Types / Level of Requirement Continue.. Implementation Requirements describe capabilities that the solution must have in order to facilitate transition from the current state of the enterprise to the desired future state, but that will not be needed once that transition is complete. They are further described in the Solution Assessment and Validation. Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company AUC Technologies Business Analyst ? Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Business Analyst ? AUC Technologies Business analyst is one who manages the entire Systems Requirements Life Cycle from understanding the business need to ensuring that the delivered solution meets the need and adds Business Analyst ? Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company the delivered solution meets the need and adds value to the bottom line Whitepaper published by HP The business analyst : The pivotal I.T. role of the future AUC Technologies Why Business Analyst ? Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Why Business Analyst ? AUC Technologies Why Business Analyst ? If an organization want : 1. to shorten delivery schedules of your project teams through the reduction of requirements defects Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company 2. to reduce the development effort that is expended on rework due to miscommunication 3. To reduce user-reported defects which originate in the requirements phase of a project AUC Technologies Business Analyst & Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company & Project Success AUC Technologies Business Analyst & Project Success The projects encounter difficulties not from lack of technical expertise but from an inability to gather, understand, analyze and manage business requirements and convert them into useable Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company requirements and convert them into useable system specifications Whitepaper published by HP The business analyst : The pivotal I.T. role of the future AUC Technologies Business Analyst & Project Success Chaos Factors For Project Success User Involvement 20% Executive Management Support 15% Clear Business Objectives 15% Agile Optimization 10% Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Agile Optimization 10% Emotional Maturity 10% Project Management Expertise 10% Financial Management 5% Skilled Resources 5% Formal Methodology 5% Tools & Infrastructure 5% AUC Technologies Business Analyst & Project Success Key findings from the report, The Impact of Business Requirements on the Success of Technology Projects from IAG Consulting, include (emphasis added): 1. Companies with poor business analysis capability have three times as many project failures as successes. 2. 68% of companies are more likely to have a marginal project or outright failure than a success due to the way they approach business analysis. In fact, 50% of this groups projects were runaways which had any 2 of: taking over 180% of target time to deliver; consuming in excess of Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company runaways which had any 2 of: taking over 180% of target time to deliver; consuming in excess of 160% of estimated budget; or delivering under 70% of the target required functionality. 3. Companies pay a premiumof as much as 60% on time and budget when they use poor requirements practices on their projects. 4. Over 41% of the IT development budget for software, staff and external professional services will be consumed by poor requirements at the average company using average analysts versus the optimal organization. 5. The vast majority of projects surveyed did not utilize sufficient business analysis skill to consistently bring projects in on time and budget. The level of competency required is higher than that employed within projects for 70% of the companies surveyed. AUC Technologies Business Analyst & Project Success This chart illustrates the requirements skills gap most companies face: Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company AUC Technologies Business Analyst & Project Success The impact of this skills gap is substantial, directly increasing project time, cost, and risk of failure. The skills gap premium is reflected in this graph: Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company AUC Technologies Business Analyst & Project Success According to survey respondents, the top three risks threatening the success of projects are : Unstable, constantly changing requirements (66%) Poor requirement specification (55%) Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Poor requirement specification (55%) Client behavior, such as approval delays, requirements changes and poor communication (42%) AUC Technologies Business Analyst & Project Success Good requirement reduce errors : 60% of software errors are requirement errors If errors are found during the Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company If errors are found during the requirement phase, the cost is $1.00 If found during testing, the cost is $100 AUC Technologies Why Project Manager Unable to Handle These Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Unable to Handle These Failure ? AUC Technologies Why Project Manager Unable to Handle These Failure ? PM Role : A project manager is accountable for developing & delivering a Solution within budget & timelines will limited resources using Project as a vehicle Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Solution Cost (Resources) Time (Schedule) Project Scope AUC Technologies Why Project Manager Unable to Handle These Failure ? BA Role : A business analyst is accountable for defining & ensuring the right Solution is delivered using their Skills as a vehicle Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Solution People Process Technology AUC Technologies Therefore, Project Manager Need a partner ? Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Need a partner ? AUC Technologies Lets Collaborate with Your Requirement Lead - The Business Analyst Requirements Design Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Built & Test Implementation / Transition Post Implementation AUC Technologies Project Manager & Business Analyst Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Business Analyst Collaboration Model AUC Technologies During Project Initiation 1. Communicates the Stakeholder Vision & Objectives to PM 2. Communicates the solutions scope & requirements efforts to allow PM to start planning process Project Manager & Business Analyst Collaboration Model Assess Risk of Requirements Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Assess Risk of Requirements 1. The biggest issue raise the requirement error & delay is lack of SME & Stakeholder Participation, therefore BA helps PM in identification of stakeholder by using requirements planning techniques 2. The BA also identify business roles & responsibilities of SME, Stakeholders & Project TEAM to ease the communication throughout the project AUC Technologies BA Plans the Requirement Efforts 1. The BA add value by providing time inputs to PM for : Gather, Analyze, Review & Document Information Coordinate with team & clients Project Planning Project Manager & Business Analyst Collaboration Model Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Project Planning 1. Requirement Planning 2. Ensures Availability of SMEs 3. Effective Elicitation Techniques & detail analysis results in Complete Requirements 4. Verification & Validation of requirements ensure SME involvement, ownership & manage expectations of Stakeholders 5. Prioritized requirements for better planning & execution AUC Technologies BA Role During Design Phase 1. Business TEAM Ensure business changes are incorporated Usable Interface 2. Design TEAM Project Manager & Business Analyst Collaboration Model Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company 2. Design TEAM Assist design team in identification of best implementation strategy Assist in making trade-off decisions Review designs & specification to ensure business feasibility 3. Management Update the requirements as necessary Identify Conflicting & Orphan Requirements Communicates the Impactss AUC Technologies BA Role During Built & Testing 1. Built / Unit Testing Ensure built addresses the required business need 2. System / Integration Testing Confirm all requirements (overall) addressed in the system Non-functional requirements are clearly defined & met Project Manager & Business Analyst Collaboration Model Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Non-functional requirements are clearly defined & met Participate in identification & resolution of defects 3. Management Update the requirements as necessary Identify Conflicting & Orphan Requirements Communicates the Impacts Update the quality & status of built so that corrective actions can be taken AUC Technologies BA Role During Scope Management The BA manage solution scope through Requirement Traceability Matrix. This help project manager in identification of whats in scope and whats not ? along with impact of any change in requirement. BA Role During Implementation & Transition Project Manager & Business Analyst Collaboration Model Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company BA Role During Implementation & Transition Ensure users are prepared to receive the product Manage the resistance to change Observe Product / Solution in Business Environment Describe the current & future states Identify Transition Requirements, facilitate transition & validate transition succeeding AUC Technologies Standardized Approach to software development lifecycle keeping in mind the business needs Better Business Process Good Requirements Transparent Communications What Results BA Will Bring To Your Organization ? Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Transparent Communications Enhance Risk Management Efficiency Customer Satisfaction Cost Reduction AUC Technologies Working together PM & BA are Element of Success For Project and Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company Solution AUC Technologies Get Started As A Business Analyst 1. www.theIIBA.org 2. www.ModernAnalyst.com 3. www.BusinessAnalystMentor.com 4. www.LinkedIn.com 1. BA Forum Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company 1. BA Forum 2. Business Analysis Professionals 3. Modern Analyst 4. IIBA 5. www.RequirementsNetwork.com 6. www.PracticalAnalyst.com 7. www.Bridging-The-Gap.com 8. www.BetterProjects.net AUC Technologies Get Started As A Business Analyst [Books] 1. Seven Steps to Mastering Business Analysis by Barbara A. Carkenord 2. The Business Analyst's Handbook by Howard Podeswa 3. Business Analysis by Debra Paul and Donald Yeates 4. CBAP Certification Study Guide (2nd Edition) by Richard Larson and Elizabeth Larson 5. Sample Exam Questions: IIBA Certified Business Analysis Professional (CBAP) by Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company 5. Sample Exam Questions: IIBA Certified Business Analysis Professional (CBAP) by Larry T. Barnard AUC Technologies Questions Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company