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EXOTICS ROUNDS
T
ransurethral bladder eversion the rabbit was anesthetized using ence interval [RI], 33% to 50%),
has been reported in mares, isoflurane. The protruding tissue ap- monocytosis (11%; RI, up to 4%),
cows, and women and most peared thickened and was covered hypokalemia (2.6 mEq/L; RI, 3.6 to
frequently occurs within hours of with a fibrinous pseudomembrane 6.9 mEq/L), and hyperglycemia (273
parturition. To our knowledge, this with necrotic, hemorrhagic margins mg/dl; RI, 75 to 155 mg/dl); in ad-
is the first report of this condition in (Figure 1). Neither the bladder nor dition, the presence of numerous
rabbit does. the kidneys could be identified by schistocytes suggested that the ane-
Case 1
Exotics Rounds deviates a bit from the normal content of Compendium.
A 1.3-year-old female hotot rabbit
Because little information has been published in many areas of exotic animal
was presented with separation of the medicine, emerging disease issues are frequently as important to clinicians as are
vulvar lips caused by the protrusion review articles. We hope that the format of this new column will help to
of a 5-cm piriform mass. The surface disseminate needed information to practitioners who treat exotic animals.
of the exposed tissue was moist, light Readers interested in submitting papers for Exotics Rounds can contact Dr.
yellow, and covered with strands of Branson Ritchie, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia,
hair. The client had first noticed the Athens, GA 30602; 706-542-6316; fax 706-542-6460; email britchie@
abnormality the evening before pre- cvm.vet.uga.edu.
sentation and had taken the doe to a
Compendium June 1999 20TH ANNIVERSARY Small Animal/Exotics
TABLE ONE
Results of Complete Blood Count and Selected Blood
Chemistries of the Doe in Case 11,2
Parameter Patient Finding Reference Interval
Hematocrit (%) 27.1 33–50
Erythrocytes (×106/µl) 4.1 4–12.5
Figure 1—Gentle retraction of the pir- Hemoglobin (mg/dl) 9.4 10–17.4
iform mass protruding from the vulva
Mean corpuscular volume (Fl) 66 57.8–66.5
revealed hyperemic tissue with necrotic
margins in the doe in case 1. The vul- Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (pg) 22.9 17.1–23.5
var lips are hyperemic and raised, and Platelets (×103/µl) 509 250–650
the surface of the protruding tissue is Leukocytes (×103/µl) 9.8 5.2–12.5
thickened and covered with a fibrinous Segmented leukocytes 3.137 (32%) 1–9.3 (20%–75%)
pseudomembrane. Banded neutrophils 0.0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Lymphocytes 4.99 (51%) 1.5–10.6 (30%–85%)
Monocytes 1.078 (11%) 0.05–0.5 (1%–4%)
Eosinophils 0.196 (2%) 0–0.5 (0%–4%)
Basophils 0.392 (4%) 0.5–0.9 (1%–7%)
Urea nitrogen (mg/dl) 21 13–29
Creatinine (mg/dl) 1.5 0.5–2.5
Total protein (g/dl) 5.9 5.4–8.3
Albumin (g/dl) 3.4 2.4–4.6
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) 49 4–16
Figure 2—When performing an ex- Alanine transaminase (U/L) 44 48–80
ploratory celiotomy, care should be ex- Glucose (mg/dl) 273 75–155
ercised to avoid damaging the cecum Sodium (mEq/L) 146 131–155
(arrow), which lies in direct contact Potassium (mEq/L) 2.6 3.6–6.9
with the ventral abdominal wall. Chloride (mEq/L) 105 92–112
Bicarbonate (mEq/L) 32 16–38
Calcium (mg/dl) 11.4 5.6–12.5
Phosphorus (mg/dl) 6.1 4.0–6.9
Dilated ureter
Figure 8A
Figure 8C
Figure 8—Artist’s rendition of bladder eversion. (A) Normal
anatomic position of the bladder. (B) Beginning of bladder ev-
ersion with (C) bladder extending through the urethra and the
mucosal surface exposed. (Courtesy of Kip Carter, Educational
Resource Center, University of Georgia.)
tially everted urinary bladder of a cow. Aust Vet J 65:24–25, 1988. 12. Ducharme NG, Stem ES: Eversion of the urinary bladder in a cow.
10. Hibberd RC: Prolapse of the urinary bladder of the bovine. Vet Rec JAVMA 179: 996–998, 1981.
134:507–508, 1994.
11. Woodcock S, McCreath CFP: Prolapse of the urinary bladder of the 13. Brundson JR: A case of urinary bladder prolapse in the cow. Vet Rec
bovine. Vet Rec 134:660, 1994. 73:437–438, 1961.