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SESSIONAL TEST 1
1. Attempt any two out of three questions. (2*2=4Marks)
a) Draw and explain block diagram of optical communication system.
b) Write any two disadvantages and any two applications of optical fiber communication?
c) Define the relative refractive index difference for an optical fiber and show how it may be related to the numerical
aperture of optical fiber?
1. (2*2=4 Marks)
a) The external power efficiency of an InGaAsP/lnP planar LED is 0.75% when the internally generated
optical power is 30 mW. Determine the transmission factor for the InP-air interface if the drive current is 37
μA and the potential difference across the device is 1.6 V. The refractive index of InP may be taken as 3.46.
b) A multimode step index fiber has core refractive index of 1.5 with a relative refractive index difference of
3% and an operating wavelength of .82 μm. Estimate the critical radius of curvature at which large bending
losses occur.
c) A GaAs injection laser has an optical cavity of length 250 μm and width 100 μm. At normal operating
temperature the gain factor β is 21 x 10-3 A cm-3 and the loss coefficient a per cm is 10. Determine the
threshold current density for the device. It may be assumed that the cleaved mirrors are uncoated and that
the current is restricted to the optical cavity. The refractive index of GeAs may be taken as 3.6.
2. (2*3=6Marks)
a) List all the types of losses in fibers and explain linear scattering losses in detail.
b) Explain Dispersion mechanism. What are dispersion-flattened fibers?
c) Distinguish between:
(a) LASER and LED.
(b) Characteristics of Laser.
3. (2*5=10 Marks)
a) Discuss the mechanism of optical feedback to provide oscillations and hence amplification within the
laser. Also give the threshold condition for Laser Oscillation.
b) Explain the working of semiconductor injection laser. What are its advantages and disadvantages?
c) Explain Avalanche photodiode in detail. List three factors limiting the speed of response of a photodiode.
4. (2*5=10 Marks)
a) Define:
Note: Attempt any four out of five questions. All questions carry
equal marks