Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Universitt Hamburg
Institut fr Germanistik
Version: 2!"#4#$
Aut%or: &anina &a'ke (M)A)*
%tt+:,,---)'atma).e
Contents
1. Getting Started..................................................................................................................................2
1.1 Before You Start.........................................................................................................................2
1.2 Adding Texts..............................................................................................................................2
1.3 Exporting Texts..........................................................................................................................4
1.4 Creating a Markup Colletion....................................................................................................4
1.! Exporting and "#porting Markup Colletions...........................................................................!
1.$ Creating Corpora........................................................................................................................$
2. Tags...................................................................................................................................................%
2.1 Creating a Tag &i'rar(...............................................................................................................%
2.2 Creating Tags.............................................................................................................................)
2.3 Tagging......................................................................................................................................*
2.4 Editing and +e#o,ing Tags or Tagsets....................................................................................12
2.! -roperties.................................................................................................................................12
2.!.1 Creating -roperties...........................................................................................................12
2.!.2 .orking /it0 -roperties...................................................................................................13
2.$ Tagging +esults fro# .ordlists or 1ueries.............................................................................14
2.% +esu#ing .ork on a Text........................................................................................................14
3. Anal(2ing t0e Text..........................................................................................................................1!
3.1 Creating .ordlists...................................................................................................................1$
3.2 +unning 1ueries......................................................................................................................1%
3.2.1 T0e 1uer( Builder............................................................................................................1%
3.2.1.1 Si#ple 1ueries /it0 t0e 1uer( Builder...................................................................1%
3.2.1.1.1 Sear0ing '( .ord or -0rase............................................................................1)
3.2.1.1.2 Sear0ing '( Grade of Si#ilarit(.....................................................................23
3.2.1.1.3 Sear0ing '( Tag..............................................................................................21
3.2.1.1.4 Sear0ing '( Colloation..................................................................................22
3.2.1.1.! Sear0ing '( 4re5uen(...................................................................................23
3.2.1.2 Co#plex 1ueries......................................................................................................24
3.2.1.2.1 Adding More +esults........................................................................................2!
3.2.1.2.2 Exluding 6its fro# +esults.............................................................................2!
3.2.1.2.3 +efining +esults................................................................................................2!
3.2.1.2.4 Braket -artiularities of Co#plex 1ueries.....................................................2$
3.2.2 1uer( S(ntax....................................................................................................................2%
3.2.2.1 Si#ple 1ueries.........................................................................................................2%
3.2.2.1.1 1ueries /it0 .ords or -0rases.........................................................................2%
3.2.2.1.2 1ueries /it0 +egular Expressions....................................................................2)
3.2.2.1.3 1ueries /it0 .ildard......................................................................................33
3.2.2.1.4 1ueries /it0 Si#ilarit(.....................................................................................31
3.2.2.1.! 1ueries /it0 Tags.............................................................................................31
3.2.2.1.$ 1ueries /it0 Colloation..................................................................................32
3.2.2.1.% 1ueries /it0 4re5uen(....................................................................................32
3.2.2.2 Co#plex 1ueries......................................................................................................33
3.2.2.2.1 Co#'ining 1ueries...........................................................................................33
3.2.2.2.2 1ueries /it0 Exlusions...................................................................................34
3.2.2.2.3 1ueries /it0 Ad7aen(....................................................................................34
3.2.2.2.4 1ueries /it0 +efine#ents.................................................................................3!
3.2.2.2.! Su##ar( C0art of 8perators for Co#plex 1ueries.........................................3$
3.3 9e( .ord in Context...............................................................................................................3%
3.4 Anal(2ing Corpora...................................................................................................................3*
4. :isuali2ing +esults.........................................................................................................................3*
4.1 :isuali2ation /it0 a Si#ple Grap0..........................................................................................3*
4.2 Co#'ining +esults into 8ne Grap0.........................................................................................43
4.3 :isuali2ation /it0 Multiple Grap0s.........................................................................................41
!) Getting /tarte.
!)! 0efore 1ou /tart
"n ontrast to t0e pre,ious CATMA releases; CATMA 4 is i#ple#ented as a /e' applia<
tion. General infor#ation on t0e appliation an 'e found on ///.at#a.de. To use
CATMA 4; please ,isit ///.digital0u#aities.it=at#a. &og in '( liking t0e Login 'utton
in t0e top rig0t orner of t0e site. A pop<up /indo/ /ill appear; offering (ou to log in ,ia
Google. "f (ou 0a,e got a Google#ail aount alread(; please selet Login via Google and
enter (our e#ail address and pass/ord. "f (ou do not 0a,e a Google#ail aount; please
go to #ail.google.o# and reate a ne/ aount using t0e Create Account 'utton in t0e top
rig0t orner.
!)2 A..ing Te2ts
.0en (ou log in to CATMA; t0e +epositor( Manager /indo/ /ill open auto#atiall(;
displa(ing t0e +epositories 8,er,ie/ ta' and t0e CATMA >B +epositor(; in a furt0er ta'.
6ere is a 'rief o,er,ie/ o,er t0e different setions of t0e +epositor( Manager /indo/
/0en displa(ing t0e CATMA >B +epositor( ?fig. 1@A "n t0e top left orner (ou /ill find a
list of (our orpora. ?4or infor#ation on 0o/ to reate orpora; please see setion 1.$ Cre<
ating Corpora.@ T0e setion in t0e #iddle of t0e upper 0alf of t0e +epositor( Manager
s0o/s a listing of t0e Soure >ou#ents (ou upload and t0e respeti,e Markup Colle<
tion. ?T0e adding of Soure >ou#ents is explained in t0e follo/ing paragrap0s. 4or infor<
#ation on Markup Colletions; please see setion 1.4 Creating a Markup Colletion.@ "n
t0e top rig0t orner of t0e +epositor( Manager (ou find infor#ation on (our Soure >ou<
#ents or Markup Colletions; e. g. t0eirs titles and aut0ors. T0e 'otto# left setion dis<
pla(s (our Tag &i'raries. ?4or infor#ation on Tag &i'raries; please see setion 2.1 Creating
a Tag &i'rar(.@ T0e 'otto# rig0t setion of t0e +epositor( Manager s0o/s infor#ation on
(our Tagsets.
-lease lik t0e Add Document 'utton in t0e >ou#ents setion in t0e enter of t0e page.
You an 0oose to eit0er enter an B+" to add a text t0at is aessi'le ,ia t0e internet or to
upload a file fro# (our o#puter. "f (ou 0oose t0e latter option; please lik Upload local
file. .0en finis0ed; please lik Next.
You are no/ asked to selet a file t(pe for (our text using t0e drop<do/n list on t0e left<
0and side. CATMA tries to deter#ine t0e file t(pe of t0e file (ou 0a,e 0osen auto#ati<
all( so t0at it displa(s t0e 0araters of (our text orretl(. "f t0e /rong file t(pe is prese<
leted; please 0ange t0e settings to #at0 (our soure text. T0e pre,ie/ of t0e text a<
ording to t0e urrent file t(pe seletion is s0o/n in t0e Preview 'ox. .0en finis0ed;
please lik Next.
You 0a,e no/ t0e possi'ilit( to selet t0e language of (our text; /0i0 CATMA tries to de<
ter#ine auto#atiall( as /ell; and to ad7ust t0e .ordlist options. You #a(; for exa#ple;
deide t0at ertain 0arater 0ains s0all 'e treated as eit0er a single /ord or else as dis<
tint /ords. T0ese 0oies #a( 'e i#portant /0en using se,eral of CATMACs auto#ated
funtions su0 as ounting or sear0 funtions. To add an insepara'le 0arater 0ain;
please t(pe in t0e 0ain in t0e 'ox at t0e 'otto# of t0e /indo/ and lik Add entry. .0en
finis0ed; please lik Save list and lik Next.
You an no/ enter ontent details for (our text; e. g. its na#e and aut0or. To finall( add
(our text; please lik Finis. Your text is no/ listed in t0e >ou#ents setion of t0e
+epositor( Manager.
fig! "
-lease noteA .0en (ou add (our first Soure >ou#ent; CATMA generates a set of exa#<
ple ite#s to get (ou goingA a Bser Markup Colletion to 0old (our #arkup and a Tag &i<
'rar( /it0 an exa#ple Tagset t0at ontains an exa#ple Tag. 4or #ore infor#ation on t0ese
ite#s; please see setions 1.4 Creating a Markup Colletion; 2.1 Creating a Tag &i'rar(
and 2.2 Creating Tags.
"f (ou /is0 to s0are a Soure >ou#ent /it0 so#e'od(; please selet t0e >ou#ent; lik
#ore actions!!! and lik Sare Document. Enter t0e e#ail<address of t0e user /it0 /0o#
(ou /ould like to s0are t0e >ou#ent and selet /0et0er t0e( are #a( #odif( t0e >ou<
#ent ?$%&'(@ or not ?%(AD@. T0en lik Save.
"f so#eone s0ares a >ou#ent /it0 (ou /0ile (ou are /orking in CATMA; (ou #a( 0it
t0e +efres0<'utton in t0e top rig0t orner of t0e +epositor( Manager to reei,e it. "f so#e<
one #odifies a s0ared >ou#ent /0ile (ou are /orking in CATMA; (ou also need to 0it
t0e +efres0<'utton in order to reei,e t0e latest 0anges.
!)" 32+orting Te2ts
"t is possi'le to export dou#ents fro# CATMA to (our o#puter; e. g. in order to reate a
'akup. To do t0is; please selet a dou#ent fro# t0e list in t0e +epositor( Manager and
lik #ore actions...; t0en selet (xport Document and lik Save. T0e dou#ent is no/
sa,ed on (our o#puter.
!)4 Creating a Marku+ Colle'tion
.0en (ou add (our first text; CATMA auto#atiall( reates a Markup Colletion for (ou.
T0is is /0ere (our /orkings; su0 as (our taggings in t0e text; are stored. "f (ou /ant to
reate (our o/n Markup Colletion; please selet t0e text for /0i0 t0e Markup Colletion
is intended in t0e >ou#ents setion. Do/ lik t0e 'utton #ore actions!!! in t0e >ou<
#ents setion and 0oose Create User #ar)up Collection.
Enter t0e na#e of (our ne/ Markup Colletion and lik Save. T0e Markup Colletions
(ou reated /ill 'e displa(ed if (ou lik t0e little arro/ in front of t0e aording >ou<
#ent in t0e >ou#ents setion of t0e +epositor( Manager; t0en t0e one in front of User
#ar)up Collection.
-lease noteA "f (ou add a text t0at is alread( #arked up aording to TE" or ot0er EM&
standards; t0e Markup Colletion /ill auto#atiall( 'e i#ported to CATMA as Stati
Markup Colletion. More features onerning Stati Markup Colletions are a'out to 'e
i#ple#ented.
"f (ou /is0 to s0are a Markup Colletion /it0 so#e'od(; please selet t0e Markup Colle<
tion; lik #ore actions!!! and lik Sare #ar)up Collection. Enter t0e e#ail<address of
t0e user /it0 /0o# (ou /ould like to s0are t0e Markup Colletion and selet /0et0er t0e(
#a( #odif( t0e Markup Colletion ?$%&'(@ or not ?%(AD@. T0en lik Save.
"f so#eone s0ares a Markup Colletion /it0 (ou /0ile (ou are /orking in CATMA; (ou
#a( 0it t0e +efres0<'utton in t0e top rig0t orner of t0e +epositor( Manager to reei,e it.
"f so#eone #odifies a s0ared Markup Colletion /0ile (ou are /orking in CATMA; (ou
also need to 0it t0e +efres0<'utton in order to reei,e t0e latest 0anges.
!)4 32+orting an. Im+orting Marku+ Colle'tions
"t is possi'le to export Markup Colletions fro# CATMA to (our o#puter for 'akup rea<
sons. To do so; please selet a Markup Colletion fro# t0e >ou#ents setion of t0e
+epositor( Manager. "f no Markup Colletion is displa(ed; please lik t0e little arro/ in
front of t0e aording >ou#ent; t0en t0e one in front of User #ar)up Collection. Clik
fig! *
#ore actions!!! and selet (xport User #ar)up Collection. -lease lik Save no/ and t0e
Markup Colletion /ill 'e sa,ed on (our o#puter.
To re<i#port a Markup Colletion; please selet t0e >ou#ent to /0i0 (ou /is0 to atta0
a Markup Colletion fro# t0e >ou#ents setion of t0e +epositor( Manager. Do/ lik
#ore actions!!! and selet &mport User #ar)up Collection. -lease lik Select file and dou<
'le<lik t0e Markup Colletion (ou /is0 to i#port. CATMA is 'ak/ard o#pati'le in
t0e sense t0at all Markup reated /it0 prior ,ersions is i#porta'le.
!)5 Creating Cor+ora
You 0a,e t0e possi'ilit( to pool dou#ents in orpora. T0e default setting in CATMA
pools all t0e dou#ents (ou add in t0e All dou#ents orpus. To reate a personal orpus;
please lik Create Corpus in (our +epositor( Manager; enter t0e na#e of t0e orpus and
lik Save.
You are no/ free to selet t0e All dou#ents orpus and drag and drop ertain dou#ents
to t0e desired orpus. E,er( dou#ent t0at is added to a speifi orpus is also part of t0e
All dou#ents orpus.
4or infor#ation on 0o/ to anal(2e /0ole orpora; please see setion 3.4 Anal(2ing Cor<
pora.
fig! +
"f (ou /is0 to s0are a Corpus /it0 so#e'od(; please selet t0e Corpus; lik #ore ac,
tions!!! and lik Sare Corpus. Enter t0e e#ail<address of t0e user /it0 /0o# (ou /ould
like to s0are t0e Corpus and selet /0et0er t0e( are #a( #odif( t0e Corpus ?$%&'(@ or
not ?%(AD@. T0en lik Save.
"f so#eone s0ares a Corpus /it0 (ou /0ile (ou are /orking in CATMA; (ou #a( 0it t0e
+efres0<'utton in t0e top rig0t orner of t0e +epositor( Manager to reei,e it. "f so#eone
#odifies a s0ared Corpus /0ile (ou are /orking in CATMA; (ou also need to 0it t0e +e<
fres0<'utton in order to reei,e t0e latest 0anges.
2) Tags
Tags are ategories t0at (ou /is0 to appl( to t0e text in order to anal(2e it. T0e( an 'e
0osen freel( so t0at t0e( #eet (our purposes and 'e stored in a 0ierar0ial struture '(
using t0e Tag Manager. T0e parts of t0e text t0at (ou assign to a ertain tag are 0ig0lig0ted
in t0e tagCs olor. All tagging operations are exeuted using t0e Tagger #odule.
2)! Creating a Tag 6ibrar7
.0en (ou add (our first text; CATMA auto#atiall( generates a Tag &i'rar( for (ou. T0is
is /0ere (our Tags are stored. "f (ou /ant to reate (our o/n Tag &i'rar(; please lik t0e
Create 'ag Li-rary 'utton in t0e Tag &i'rar( setion in t0e 'otto# left orner of (our
+epositor( Manager. Enter t0e na#e of (our Tag &i'rar( and lik Save. T0e Tag &i'rar(
is no/ listed in t0e Tag &i'rar( setion of t0e +epositor( Manager.
"f (ou /is0 to s0are a Tag &i'rar( /it0 so#e'od(; please selet t0e Tag &i'rar(; lik
#ore actions!!! and lik Sare 'ag Li-rary. Enter t0e e#ail<address of t0e user /it0
/0o# (ou /ould like to s0are t0e Tag &i'rar( and selet /0et0er t0e( #a( #odif( t0e Tag
&i'rar( ?$%&'(@ or not ?%(AD@. T0en lik Save.
"f so#eone s0ares a Tag &i'rar( /it0 (ou /0ile (ou are /orking in CATMA; (ou #a( 0it
t0e +efres0<'utton in t0e top rig0t orner of t0e +epositor( Manager to reei,e it. "f so#e<
one #odifies a s0ared Tag &i'rar( /0ile (ou are /orking in CATMA; (ou also need to 0it
t0e +efres0<'utton in order to reei,e t0e latest 0anges.
2)2 Creating Tags
.0en (ou add (our first text; CATMA auto#atiall( reates an exa#ple Tagset ontaining
an exa#ple Tag for (ou. To reate (our o/n Tagsets and Tags; please selet a Tag &i'rar(
fro# t0e Tag &i'rar( setion of (our +epositor( Manager and lik .pen 'ag Li-rary in
order to open t0e Tag Manager /indo/. ?-lease noteA "f (ou open #ore t0an one Tag &i<
'rar( in one /orking session; t0e &i'raries /ill 'e displa(ed as different ta's in t0e Tag
Manager /indo/. "f t0e /indo/ is losed and re<opened in one /orking session; eit0er ,ia
t0e #enu 'ar or ,ia t0e .pen 'ag Li-rary 'utton; all ta's t0at /0ere opened one /ill 'e
displa(ed again.@
T0e Tagger /indo/ displa(s (our Tagsets; (our Tags and t0eir olors as /ell as t0eir -rop<
erties in t0e left<0and setion. T0e rig0t<0and setion is used to reate; re#o,e and edit
fig! /
Tagsets; Tags and -roperties.
Tags an onl( 'e reated /0en (ou reate a Tagset first. To do so; lik t0e Create 'agset
'utton and enter t0e na#e of (our Tagset. T0e Tagset (ou reated is no/ listed in t0e
Tagset setion of (our Tag Manager. You an no/ selet a Tagset and lik t0e Create 'ag
'utton. -lease enter t0e na#e of (our Tag; 0oose a olor and lik Save. T0e olor (ou
0oose /ill 'e used to 0ig0lig0t t0e setions (ou tagged in t0e text. T0e Tag (ou reated
/ill 'e displa(ed in t0e Tagset setion of (our Tag Manager if (ou lik t0e little arro/ in
front of t0e aording Tagset.
You an also reate Su'tags for Tags '( seleting t0e rele,ant Tag in t0e Tag Manager in<
stead of t0e Tagset; t0en lik Create 'ag. T0e Tags (ou reate in t0is #anner /ill auto<
#atiall( 'e ranked as Su'tags to t0e Tag (ou seleted 'efore0and.
2)" Tagging
To start t0e atual tagging; lik t0e little arro/ in front of t0e text (ou /ant to tag in t0e
>ou#ents setion. T0en lik t0e arro/ in front of User #ar)up Collections and selet
t0e Markup Colletion in /0i0 (ou /ould like (our /orkings to 'e stored. Clik .pen
#ar)up Collection in order to open t0e Tagger /indo/.
fig! 0
6ere is a 'rief o,er,ie/ o,er t0e different setions of t0e Tagger /indo/ ?fig. *@A T0e Tag<
ger /indo/ displa(s (our text on t0e left<0and side. ?To ad7ust 0o/ #u0 of (our text is
displa(ed on one page; please use t0e sale 'elo/ t0e text.@ "n t0e top rig0t setion; (ou
find (our ati,e Tagsets and ati,e Markup Colletions in different ta's. T0e 'otto# rig0t
setion s0o/s (our /rita'le Markup Colletions and t0e Tag instanes of speifi seleted
parts of t0e text. ?"f (ou lik on a part of t0e text t0at (ou 0a,e tagged; t0e Tag instanes
/ill 'e listed in t0is setion; #aking it possi'le for (ou to re#o,e Tag instanes or to add
-ropert( ,alues to Tags. 4or infor#ation on -roperties; please see setion 2.! -roperties.@
?-lease noteA "f (ou open #ore t0an one dou#ent=Markup Colletion in one /orking ses<
sion; t0e dou#ents /ill 'e displa(ed as different ta's in t0e Tagger /indo/. "f t0e /in<
do/ is losed and re<opened in one /orking session; eit0er ,ia t0e #enu 'ar or ,ia t0e
.pen Document=.pen #ar)up Collection 'utton; all ta's t0at /0ere opened one /ill 'e
displa(ed again.@
"n addition to t0e Tagger /indo/; (ou need to open t0e Tag &i'rar( t0at ontains t0e Tags
(ou /ant to use for tagging t0e text. To do so; please selet a Tag &i'rar( fro# t0e Tag &i <
'rar( setion of t0e +epositor( Manager and lik .pen 'ag Li-rary in order to open t0e
Tag Manager /indo/. Do/ drag and drop t0e Tagset (ou /ant to use fro# t0e Tag &i'rar(
to t0e Tagsets setion of t0e Ati,e Tagsets ta' of t0e Tagger.
fig! 1
Clik t0e little arro/ in front of t0e Tagset in t0e Tagger in order to displa( t0e Tagsets (ou
reated. Do/ lik t0e Ati,e Markup Colletions ta' of t0e Tagger; selet t0e Markup
Colletion in /0i0 (ou /ant to store (our /orkings ?if not displa(ed (et; please lik t0e
little arro/ in front of User #ar)up Collection@ and tik off t0e 'ox in t0e writa-le ol<
u#n.
You an no/ selet parts of (our text on t0e left<0and side of t0e Tagger and t0en lik on
t0e Tag Color 'utton in t0e Ati,e Tagsets ta' on t0e rig0t<0and side of t0e Tagger in order
to 0ig0lig0t and tag t0e aording parts of t0e text.
fig! 2
fig! 3
To reate a disontinuous tagging in t0e text; i. e. one Tag instane t0at onsists of t/o or
#ore parts; please selet t0e first part of t0e text (ou /ould like to tag; t0en 0old Control
and selet a furt0er part of text. T0en lik on t0e Tag Color 'utton in t0e Ati,e Tagsets
ta' on t0e rig0t<0and side of t0e Tagger.
"f (ou /is0 to lose a Tagset in t0e Ati,e Tagsets Setion or a Bser Markup Colletion in
t0e Ati,e Markup Colletions setion of t0e Tagger; please rig0t<lik t0e Tagset or t0e
Markup Colletion and selet close.
2)4 3.iting an. 8emoving Tags or Tagsets
To edit a Tag; please selet t0e Tag in t0e Tag Manager or; if (ou alread( dragged and
dropped t0e aording Tagset to t0e Tagger; in t0e Tagger; lik (dit 'ag and 0ange na#e
or olor. To re#o,e a Tag toget0er /it0 all t0e instanes of t0e Tag in t0e text; selet t0e
Tag in t0e Tag Manager or Tagger and lik %emove 'ag. "f (ou /is0 to re#o,e onl( a Tag
instane fro# t0e text; please lik on t0e tagged part of t0e text displa(ed on t0e left<0and
side of t0e Tagger; t0en selet t0e Tag instane (ou /ant to re#o,e fro# t0e list in t0e 'ot<
to# rig0t setion of t0e Tagger and lik %emove 'ag &nstance.
To edit t0e na#e of a Tagset; please selet t0e Tagset in t0e Tag Manager or t0e Tagger and
lik (dit 'agset. You an also edit a Tagset '( adding or deleting Tags in t0e Tag Manager
or Tagger. E,er( 0ange is auto#atiall( i#ple#ented in 'ot0 loations. To re#o,e a
Tagset; selet a Tagset and lik %emove 'agset.
2)4 9ro+erties
You an also assign -roperties to Tags; /0i0 ena'les (ou to differentiate or refine its
#eaning. -roperties also pro,ide t0e possi'ilit( to struture t0e Tagsets 0ori2ontall( in ad<
dition to t0e ,ertial struturing ,ia Su'tags; 'eause (ou an 0oose #ultiple :alues for a
-ropert( t0at is assigned to a Tag.
2)4)! Creating 9ro+erties
To add a -ropert(; please open eit0er t0e Tagger or t0e Tag Manager ,ia t0e #enu 'ar and
selet a Tag. "f no Tags are displa(ed; please lik t0e little arro/ in front of a Tagset. Do/
lik t0e Create Property 'utton and enter t0e na#e of (our -ropert( in t0e pop<up /in<
do/. To add a :alue; please enter t0e desired :alue in t0e field at t0e 'otto# of t0e pop<up
/indo/ and lik t0e 4 'utton. T0e :alue is no/ displa(ed in t0e list of possi'le ,alues. "f
(ou /ant to add #ore :alues; proeed in t0e sa#e #anner until (ou are finis0ed. "f (ou
/ant to re#o,e a :alue fro# t0e list; please selet t0e :alue and lik t0e 5 'utton. .0en
finis0ed; please lik Save.
2)4)2 :orking -it% 9ro+erties
"f (ou /ould like to assign a -ropert( :alue to a Tag instane in t0e text; please open a
Markup Colletion and drag and drop a Tagsets t0at inludes a Tag /it0 a -ropert( /it0
different possi'le :alues fro# t0e Tag Manager to t0e Ati,e Tagsets setion of t0e Tagger.
"f t0e Tagset does not inlude a -ropert( (et; t0e -ropert( and possi'le :alues an also 'e
reated in t0e Ati,e Tagsets setion of t0e Tagger. -lease lik on t0e part of t0e text t0at
ontains t0e Tag instane to /0i0 (ou /ould like to assign a -ropert( :alue. T0e Tag in<
stanes of t0e part of t0e t0at (ou liked on are no/ displa(ed in t0e 'otto# rig0t setion
of t0e Tagger. Do/ lik t0e little arro/ in front of t0e 0osen Tag instane and selet t0e
0osen -ropert(. Clik t0e (dit Property 'utton; selet one or #ore :alues fro# t0e list
and lik Save.
fig! 6
2)5 Tagging 8esults from :or.lists or ;ueries
4or a desription of 0o/ to tag sear0 results; please see setion 3.3 9e( .ord in Context.
2)< 8esuming :ork on a Te2t
"f (ou /is0 to resu#e /ork on a dou#ent t0at (ou 0a,e alread( started to tag in a pre,i<
ous /orking session; please selet a Bser Markup Colletion fro# t0e >ou#ents setion
of t0e +epositor( Manager. "f no Markup Colletion is displa(ed; please lik t0e little ar<
ro/ in front of t0e aording >ou#ent; t0en t0e one in front of User #ar)up Collection.
-lease lik .pen #ar)up Collection in order to open t0e Tagger /indo/ /0i0 no/ dis<
pla(s (our text and t0e ati,e Markup Colletions. To displa( (our pre,ious taggings in t0e
text; please tik off t0e visi-le 'ox 'e0ind t0e Tagsets in t0e Ati,e Markup Colletions
setion of t0e Tagger. You also 0a,e t0e possi'ilit( to onl( displa( t0e instanes of a single
Tag or a fe/ 0osen Tags in t0e text. T0is #a( 'e useful /0en (ou 0a,e alread( done ,er(
#an( taggings and /ould like to si#plif( t0e o,er,ie/.
"f (ou /ant to resu#e tagging; please selet t0e Ati,e Tagsets ta' of (our Tagger; /0i0
/ill s0o/ no ati,e Tagsets. ?-lease noteA T0e Tagsets (ou used to tag (our text in t0e pre<
,ious /orking session are not displa(ed in t0e Tagger auto#atiall(. T0is is 'eause (ou
#ig0t 0a,e #odified t0e Tagsets using t0e Tag Manager after 0a,ing tagged t0e text. "f t0e
#odified Tagsets /ere no/ auto#atiall( i#ported to t0e Tagger; (our Bser Markup Col<
letion /ould 'e 0anged auto#atiall( as /ell; /0i0 /ould #ake it i#possi'le for (ou
to ,ie/ t0e pre,ious /orking results.@
fig! "7
To i#port a Tagset; please open t0e Tag Manager '( seleting a Tag &i'rar( fro# t0e 'ot<
to# left setion of t0e +epositor( Manager and liking .pen 'ag Li-rary. >rag and drop
t0e desired Tagset fro# t0e Tag Manager to t0e Ati,e Tagsets setion of t0e Tagger. "n
ase (ou 0a,e #odified t0e Tagset after t0e last tagging operation; (ou /ill 'e asked
/0et0er (ou /ould like to update t0e atta0ed Markup Colletion. "f (ou /ould; please
lik .8.
") Anal7=ing t%e Te2t
T0e Anal(2er #odule ena'les (ou to appl( different anal(2ing funtions to t0e text. "t #a(;
for instane; 'e used to generate .ordlists of (our text; listing t0e /ords of t0e anal(2ed
text in alp0a'etial order or aording to t0eir fre5uen(. Man( anal(2ing funtions #a(
also 'e used in o#'ination /it0 t0e ot0er #odulesA You an; for exa#ple; use t0e Ana<
l(2er to sear0 for a /ord or a p0rase and t0en tag (our sear0 results. You #a( also gener<
ate a listing of all ourrenes of a ertain Tag in t0e text and t0en use t0e :isuali2er #od<
ule to s0o/ a distri'ution 0art of t0e Tag in t0e text ?for infor#ation on t0e :isuali2er
#odule; please see setion 4. :isuali2ing +esults@.
To use an( anal(2ing funtion; (ou an open t0e Tagger and lik t0e Analy9e Document
'utton under t0e text in order to open t0e Anal(2er /indo/.
8ne (ou 0a,e opened t0e Anal(2er t0is /a(; (ou an also lose and re<open it using t0e
#enu 'ar. You an also selet t0e dou#ent (ou /is0 to anal(2e in t0e >ou#ents setion
of t0e +epositor( Manager; lik #ore actions!!! and selet Analy9e Document. You are
fig! ""
no/ asked /0i0 dou#ents ?Soure >ou#ents and Markup Colletions@ (ou /is0 to in<
lude in t0e anal(sis. Tik off t0e 'oxes 'e0ind t0e 0osen dou#ents and lik .). -lease
note t0at at least one Soure >ou#ents #ust 'e seleted for t0e anal(sis.
6ere is a 'rief o,er,ie/ o,er t0e different setions of t0e Anal(2er /indo/ ?fig. 13@A "n t0e
top left setion; (ou 0a,e t0e possi'ilit( reate .ordlists ?please see setion 3.1 Creating
.ordlists@ and to run 1ueries; eit0er '( using t0e 1uer( Builder or '( t(ping in t0e
1ueries diretl( ?please see setion 3.2 +unning 1ueries@. "n t0e top rig0t setion; (ou find
an o,er,ie/ o,er t0e different Soure >ou#ents and Markup Colletions t0at are in<
luded in (our urrent anal(sis. T0e 'otto# left setion displa(s t0e .ordlist or 1uer( re<
sults toget0er /it0 t0eir fre5uenies ?please see setions 3.1 Creating .ordlists and 3.2
+unning 1ueries@. T0e 'otto# rig0t setions lists 0osen ke( /ords in t0eir ontexts
?please see setion 3.3 9e( .ord in Context@.
")! Creating :or.lists
To displa( a .ordlist; please lik t0e $ordlist 'utton in t0e top left setion of t0e Ana<
l(2er. T0e .ordlist; i. e. e,er( /ord t(pe of (our text; is no/ displa(ed in t0e 'otto# left
setion of t0e Anal(2er /indo/. T0e fre5uen( of a /ord in t0e text is represented '( t0e
figures 'e0ind t0e p0rases. Beneat0 t0e listing (ou find t0e nu#'er of /ord t(pes ?total
ount@ on t0e left<0and side and t0e nu#'er of /ord ourrenes ?total fre5uen(@ on t0e
rig0t<0and side.
fig! "*
You an no/ 0oose t0e riterion aording to /0i0 t0e .ordlist is supposed to 'e ar<
ranged. "f (ou /ould like t0e /ords to 'e displa(ed in alp0a'etial order; please lik
Prase on top of t0e first olu#n of t0e .ordlist. A little arro/ pointing up/ards appears
'e0ind Prase and t0e .ordlist is generated in alp0a'etial order. "f (ou /ant to re,erse
t0e listing; lik Prase again. T0e arro/ no/ points do/n/ards and t0e .ordlist is dis<
pla(ed in re,erse alp0a'etial order. You an also deide to arrange t0e list aording to t0e
fre5uen( of t0e listed p0rases. To do so; please lik Fre:uency on top of t0e seond ol<
u#n of t0e .ordlist. T0e /ords are no/ displa(ed aording to fre5uen(; listing t0e least
fre5uent /ords first. "f (ou /ant to re,erse t0e order; please lik Fre:uency again.
4or infor#ation on 0o/ to tag /ords fro# t0e .ordlist; please see setion 3.3 9e( .ord in
Context. 4or infor#ation on 0o/ to ,isuali2e t0e distri'ution of /ords fro# t0e .ordlist;
please see setion 4. :isuali2ing +esults.
")2 8unning ;ueries
T0e Anal(2er #odule offers (ou t0e possi'ilit( to diretl( sear0 for /ords; parts of /ords;
/ord o#'inations or Tags in t0e text. T0e results of t0ese 1ueries are a,aila'le for furt0er
operations; like tagging or ,isuali2ation ?4or infor#ation on 0o/ to tag 1uer( results;
please see setion 3.3 9e( .ord in Context. 4or infor#ation on 0o/ to ,isuali2e t0e distri<
'ution of 1uer( results; please see setion 4. :isuali2ing +esults.@
T0ere are t/o different /a(s of running 1ueriesA You an eit0er enter t0e 1ueries diretl(
or use t0e 1uer( Builder. -lease note t0at t0e use of speial operators and a speifi s(ntax
struture is re5uired for t0e 1ueries. "t is; of ourse; possi'le to learn t0ese peuliaritiesF
t0e( are desri'ed in setion 3.2.2 1uer( S(ntax. "t #a( 'e easier t0oug0 to use t0e natural
language 'ased 1uer( Builder t0at 0elps (ou 'uild (our 1uer( step '( step and intuiti,el(
Fand transfor#s (our 1uer( so t0at it #eets t0e re5uire#ents of t0e s(ntax.
")2)! T%e ;uer7 0uil.er
")2)!)! /im+le ;ueries -it% t%e ;uer7 0uil.er
To use t0e 1uer( Builder; please open t0e Anal(2er ?eit0er '( liking t0e Analy9e Docu,
ment 'utton in t0e Tagger or; if (ou 0a,e opened t0e Tagger alread( during (our urrent
/orking session; ,ia t0e #enu 'ar@ and lik t0e ;uery <uilder 'utton in t0e top left se<
tion of t0e Anal(2er. You an no/ deide 0o/ (ou /ant to sear0A '( /ord or p0rase; '(
grade of si#ilarit(; '( Tag; '( olloation and '( fre5uen(.
")2)!)!)! /ear'%ing b7 :or. or 9%rase
8ne option is to sear0 '( /ord or p0rase. -lease selet -y word or prase and lik Next.
You an no/ deide /0et0er (ou /ant to sear0 for one exat /ord or if (ou /ant to
sear0 for parts of /ords. T0e latter option #a( 'e useful if (ou; for exa#ple; /ant to
sear0 for e,er( infleted for# of a /ord. You t0en #a( /ant to 0oose t0e option to enter
onl( t0e 'eginning of t0e /ord for t0e 1uer(; lea,ing out t0e infleted part of t0e /ord.
4or exa#pleA
You #a( /ant to sear0 for e,er( for# of t0e /ord Ge(eH; e. g. Ge(eH and Ge(esH. Iust t(pe
in t0at t0e /ords (ou sear0 starts /it0 Ge(eH. ?Dote t0at t0is 1uer( #a( also list o#plex
nouns t0at start /it0 Ge(eH; e. g.. Ge(e'allH.@
-lease enter t0e p0rase (ou /ant to sear0 and lik Sow in preview. T0e s(ntax of (our
urrent 1uer( and a pre,ie/ of (our urrent 1uer( results are no/ displa(ed in t0e 'otto#
setion of t0e 1uer( Builder.
fig! "+
"f (ou /ould like to 0ange t0e #axi#u# nu#'er of results displa(ed in t0e pre,ie/;
please enter t0e desired #axi#u# in t0e 'otto# setion of t0e 1uer( Builder and lik
Sow in preview. "f (ou 0oose not to enter t0e exat /ord 'ut one of t0e ot0er options
?like 'e first word starts wit@ and if t0ere are atuall( different /ord t(pes t0at #eet (our
1uer( a#ong t0e results; different /ords /ill 'e displa(ed in different ro/s; toget0er /it0
t0eir respeti,e fre5uen(. At t0e 'otto# of t0e pre,ie/ setion (ou find t0e total ount of
/ord t(pes t0at #eet (our 1uer( on t0e left<0and side; and t0e total fre5uen( of our<
renes in t0e text on t0e rig0t<0and side.
"f t0e p0rase (ou are looking for ontains #ore t0an one /ord or ite#; please lik t0e add
anoter word 'utton at t0e 'otto# of t0e upper setion of t0e 1uer( Builder. You an no/
enter a seond /ord and deter#ine t0e desired position after t0e first /ord.
4or exa#pleA
You /ant to sear0 for an( for# of t0e ,er' Ge(eH t0at is diretl( follo/ed '( a full stop.
Iust t(pe in t0at (our first /ord starts /it0 Ge(eH; lik add anoter word; t(pe in t0at (our
seond /ord is exatl( G.H and t0at its position is one /ord after t0e pre,ious /ord.
"f (our 1uer( ontains #ore t0an t/o /ords; proeed in t0e sa#e #anner.
.0en (ou are finis0ed; please lik Finis to displa( (our 1uer( results in t0e Anal(2er
/indo/ /0ere t0e( are a,aila'le for furt0er use. T0e results are displa(ed in t0e sa#e
#anner as in t0e pre,ie/. 4or infor#ation on 0o/ to extend (our 1uer(; please see setion
3.2.1.2 Co#plex 1ueries.
?-lease noteA "f (ou run #ore t0an one 1uer( in one /orking session; t0e sear0 results
/ill 'e displa(ed in different ta's of t0e Anal(2er /indo/. "f t0e /indo/ is losed and re<
opened during t0is /orking session; all ta's /ill 'e displa(ed again.@
fig! "/
")2)!)!)2 /ear'%ing b7 Gra.e of /imilarit7
Anot0er option for (our 1uer( is to sear0 '( grade of si#ilarit(. To do so; please selet
-y grade of similarity and lik Next. You #a( no/ enter a /ord in t0e top left orner of
t0e 1uer( BuilderFt0e results of (our sear0 /ill inlude t0e /ord (ou entered plus dif<
ferent /ords t0at are; to so#e degree; si#ilar to t0e /ord (ou entered. T0e Anal(2er uses
t0e +atliff=8'ers0elp -attern +eognition Algorit0# for t0is purpose. ?A disussion of t0e
algorit0# is 'e(ond t0e sope of t0is #anual; 'ut if (ou are interested; please 0a,e a look
0ere.@ You an deter#ine t0e desired grade of si#ilarit( for t0e sear0 results '( using t0e
Grade of similarity sale on t0e left<0and side of t0e 1uer( Builder. T0e sale /orks '(
perentage.
4or exa#pleA
You #a( /ant to sear0 for /ords t0at s0o/ %3 perent of si#ilarit( to t0e /ord G#anH.
T(pe in t0at t0e /ord is si#ilar to G#anH and ad7ust t0e grade of si#ilarit( sale to %3.
-lease noteA "f (ou 0oose 133 as grade of si#ilarit(; onl( t0e exat /ord (ou entered /ill
'e displa(ed in t0e results.
To displa( t0e pre,ie/ of (our urrent sear0 results; please lik Sow in preview. T0e
s(ntax of (our urrent 1uer( and a pre,ie/ of (our urrent 1uer( results are no/ dis<
pla(ed in t0e 'otto# setion of t0e 1uer( Builder.
"f (ou /ould like to 0ange t0e #axi#u# nu#'er of results displa(ed in t0e pre,ie/;
please enter t0e desired #axi#u# in t0e 'otto# setion of t0e 1uer( Builder and lik
Sow in preview. "f (our 1uer( results inlude different /ord t(pes t0at #eet (our 1uer(;
fig! "0
different /ords /ill 'e displa(ed in different ro/s; toget0er /it0 t0eir respeti,e fre<
5uen(. At t0e 'otto# of t0e pre,ie/ setion (ou find t0e total ount of /ord t(pes t0at
#eet (our 1uer( on t0e left<0and side; and t0e total fre5uen( of ourrenes in t0e text on
t0e rig0t<0and side. .0en finis0ed; please lik Finis in order to displa( t0e 1uer( results
in t0e Anal(2er. 4or infor#ation on 0o/ to extend (our 1uer(; please see setion 3.2.1.2
Co#plex 1ueries.
")2)!)!)" /ear'%ing b7 Tag
Anot0er option is to sear0 '( Tag. To do so; please selet -y 'ag and lik Next. ?DoteA "t
is neessar( t0at (ou 0a,e alread( started tagging (our text 'efore (ou an run 1ueries '(
Tag.@ You no/ find a list of t0e Tagsets ontaining t0e Tags (ou alread( used for tagging
(our text. -lease lik t0e little arro/ in front of a Tagset to displa( t0e orresponding
Tags.
4or exa#pleA
You /ant to sear0 for all t0e parts of t0e text t0at (ou tagged /it0 a Tag na#ed GExla#a<
tionH /0i0 is part of t0e Tagset GSigns of E#otionH. Iust lik t0e little arro/ in front of
t0e Tagset GSigns of E#otionH and selet t0e Tag GExla#ationH.
As soon as (ou selet one of t0e Tags; t0e s(ntax of (our urrent 1uer( and a pre,ie/ of
(our urrent 1uer( results are displa(ed in t0e 'otto# setion of t0e 1uer( Builder.
"f (ou /ould like to 0ange t0e #axi#u# nu#'er of results displa(ed in t0e pre,ie/;
please enter t0e desired #axi#u# in t0e 'otto# setion of t0e 1uer( Builder and lik
Sow in preview. "f (our 1uer( results inlude different /ord t(pes t0at #eet (our 1uer(;
fig! "1
different /ords /ill 'e displa(ed in different ro/s; toget0er /it0 t0eir respeti,e fre<
5uen(. At t0e 'otto# of t0e pre,ie/ setion (ou find t0e total ount of /ord t(pes t0at
#eet (our 1uer( on t0e left<0and side; and t0e total fre5uen( of ourrenes in t0e text on
t0e rig0t<0and side. .0en finis0ed; lik Finis. 4or infor#ation on 0o/ to extend (our
1uer(; please see of setion 3.2.1.2 Co#plex 1ueries.
.0en (ou sear0 '( Tag; (ou an also deide t0at t0e sear0 results are to 'e displa(ed '(
#arkup instead of '( p0rase. To do t0is; please selet t0e ta' %esult -y mar)up a'o,e t0e
listing of t0e results. "f (our 1uer( results inlude different Tags; e,er( Tag /ill 'e dis<
pla(ed in a different ro/.
")2)!)!)4 /ear'%ing b7 Collo'ation
Anot0er option is to sear0 '( olloation. T0is #eans t0at (ou an look for ourrenes of
a ertain /ord /it0 t0e preondition t0at it #ust appear near a speifi ot0er /ord. To do
so; please selet -y collocation and lik Next. Do/ t(pe into t0e first field t0e /ord of
/0i0 (ou /ould like to sear0 all ourrenes t0at appear next to t0e /ord t0at (ou t(pe
into t0e seond field. "n t0e t0ird field (ou #a( enter t0e span of /ords /it0in /0i0 t0e
t/o /ords s0all 'e found.
4or exa#pleA
You #a( /ant to sear0 for all ourrenes of t0e /ord GlouderH t0at appear /it0in a 23
/ord span toget0er /it0 t0e /ord G0eardH. Iust t(pe in t0at (ou /ould like to sear0 for all
ourrenes of GlouderH t0at appear near G0eardG and 0oose 23 as span.
"f (ou lik Sow in preview; t0e s(ntax of (our urrent 1uer( and a pre,ie/ of (our ur<
rent 1uer( results are displa(ed in t0e 'otto# setion of t0e 1uer( Builder.
fig! "2
"f (ou /ould like to 0ange t0e #axi#u# nu#'er of results displa(ed in t0e pre,ie/;
please enter t0e desired #axi#u# in t0e 'otto# setion of t0e 1uer( Builder and lik
Sow in preview. "f (our 1uer( results inlude different /ord t(pes t0at #eet (our 5uer(;
different /ords /ill 'e displa(ed in different ro/s; toget0er /it0 t0eir respeti,e fre<
5uen(. At t0e 'otto# of t0e pre,ie/ setion (ou find t0e total ount of /ord t(pes t0at
#eet (our 1uer( on t0e left<0and side; and t0e total fre5uen( of ourrenes in t0e text on
t0e rig0t<0and side. .0en finis0ed; lik Finis. 4or infor#ation on 0o/ to extend (our
1uer(; please see setion 3.2.1.2 Co#plex 1ueries.
")2)!)!)4 /ear'%ing b7 >re?uen'7
Anot0er option is to sear0 '( fre5uen(. To do so; please selet -y fre:uency and lik
Next. You an no/ 0oose /0et0er t0e nu#'er of ourrenes of one t(pe oug0t to orre<
spond exatl( to t0e ,alue (ou 0a,e entered in t0e field in t0e #iddle; if t0e nu#'er of o<
urrenes oug0t to exeed or fall 'elo/ t0is ,alue or oug0t to lie 'et/een t0e first and t0e
seond ,alue (ou 0a,e entered in t0e t/o input fields.
4or exa#pleA
You #a( /ant to sear0 for e,er( /ord t0at ours 'et/een ten and 23 ti#es in t0e text.
Iust selet G'et/eenH fro# t0e drop<do/n list; t(pe G13H into t0e first 'ox and G23H into
t0e seond one.
"f (ou lik Sow in preview; t0e s(ntax of (our urrent 1uer( and a pre,ie/ of (our ur<
rent 1uer( results are displa(ed in t0e 'otto# setion of t0e 1uer( Builder.
"f (ou /ould like to 0ange t0e #axi#u# nu#'er of results displa(ed in t0e pre,ie/;
fig! "3
please enter t0e desired #axi#u# in t0e 'otto# setion of t0e 1uer( Builder and lik
Sow in preview. "f (our 1uer( results inlude different /ord t(pes t0at #eet (our 1uer(;
different /ords /ill 'e displa(ed in different ro/s; toget0er /it0 t0eir respeti,e fre<
5uen(. At t0e 'otto# of t0e pre,ie/ setion (ou find t0e total ount of /ord t(pes t0at
#eet (our 1uer( on t0e left<0and side; and t0e total fre5uen( of ourrenes in t0e text on
t0e rig0t<0and side. .0en finis0ed; lik Finis. 4or infor#ation on 0o/ to extend (our
1uer(; please see setion 3.2.1.2 Co#plex 1ueries.
")2)!)2 Com+le2 ;ueries
"f (ou /ant to #ake (our 1uer( #ore o#plex; do not lik Finis (et; 'ut tik off t0e 'ox
continue to -uild a complex :uery in t0e 'otto# rig0t orner of t0e 1uer( Builder and
lik Next.
You an no/ 0oose t0e #anner in /0i0 (ou /ould like to extend (our 1uer(F'( eit0er
adding #ore results; or '( exluding 0its fro# t0e pre,ious results; or '( refining t0e pre<
,ious results. -lease #ake (our 0oie and lik Next.
4or an( kind of expansion (ou 0oose; (ou no/ 0a,e to deide; 7ust like for t0e first step
of t0e 1uer( 'uilding; /0et0er (our refine#ent is speified '( /ord or p0rase; '( grade of
si#ilarit(; '( Tag; '( olloation and '( fre5uen(. ?4or infor#ation on t0ese options;
please see t0e pre,ious setions.@
fig! "6
")2)!)2)! A..ing More 8esults
"f (ou 0oose to add #ore results; (ou are 'asiall( o#'ining t/o 1ueries.
4or exa#pleA
You #a( /ant to sear0 for e,er( ourrene of t0e /ord Ge(eH and for e,er( /ord t0at
ours #ore t0an !3 ti#es in t0e text. Iust selet -y word or prase in t0e 'eginning of t0e
1uer( 'uilding and lik Next. T(pe in t0at t0e /ord is exatl( Ge(eH; tik off continue to
-uild complex :uery and lik Next. Do/ selet add more results ad lik Next. Selet -y
fre:uency and lik Next. C0oose greater'an fro# t0e drop<do/n list; t(pe G!3H into t0e
next field; lik Sow in preview and lik Finis.
")2)!)2)2 32'lu.ing Hits from 8esults
"f (ou 0oose to exlude 0its fro# pre,ious results; (ou an su'trat ertain 0its fro# a
1uer(.
4or exa#pleA
You #a( /ant to sear0 for all t0e /ords t0at are !3 perent si#ilar to t0e /ord G#anH; 'ut
onl( if t0e( do not appear less t0an 13 ti#es in t0e text. Iust selet -y grade of similarity in
t0e 'eginning of t0e 1uer( 'uilding and lik Next. T(pe in t0at t0e /ord is si#ilar to
G#anH; ad7ust t0e grade of si#ilarit( sale to !3; selet continue to -uild complex :uery
and lik Next. Selet exclude its from previous results and lik Next. Selet -y fre,
:uency and lik Next. C0oose less'an fro# t0e drop do/n list; t(pe G13H into t0e next
field; lik Sow in preview and lik Finis.
")2)!)2)" 8efining 8esults
"f (ou 0oose to refine t0e pre,ious results; (ou are asking CATMA to list t0e results of
(our first 1uer( onl( in ase t0e( #eet a furt0er re5uire#ent.
4or exa#pleA
You #a( /ant to sear0 for all t0e ourrenes of t0e /ord GlouderH t0at are also tagged
/it0 t0e Tag GExla#ationH. To do so; please selet -y word or prase in t0e 'eginning of
t0e 1uer( Building and lik Dext. T(pe in t0at t0e /ord is exatl( GlouderH; selet con,
tinue to -uild a complex :uery and lik Next. Selet refine previous results and lik Next.
Selet -y 'ag and lik Next. Clik t0e little arro/ in front of t0e Tagset t0at ontains t0e
Tag GExla#ationH; selet t0e Tag GExla#ationH and lik Finis.
-lease noteA
4or refine#ents /it0 Tags; (ou 0a,e t0e possi'ilit( to 0oose /0at (ou onsider a #at0
'efore (ou finis0 t0e 1uer( 'uilding.
-lease onsider t0e pre,ious exa#pleA
"f t0e /ord GlouderH and t0e Tag GExla#ationH are supposed to 'e an exat #at0; please
selet exact fro# t0e drop<do/n list. "f t0e /ord GlouderH is supposed to 'e entirel( on<
tained in t0e part of t0e text t0at is tagged as GExla#ationH; selet -oundary. ?-lease noteA
.0en (ou 0oose -oundary; (ou allo/ for GlouderH to 'e part of a larger Tag na#ed GEx<
la#ationH.@ "f t0e /ord GlouderH and t0e Tag GExla#ationH are supposed to 0a,e o,er<
lapping parts; selet overlap. ?-lease noteA .0en (ou 0oose o,erlap; (ou also allo/ for
onl( parts of t0e /ord GlouderH to 'e part of t0e Tag GExla#ationH.
")2)!)2)4 0ra'ket 9arti'ularities of Com+le2 ;ueries
.0en (ou o#pile o#plex 1ueries; t0e 1uer( Builder plaes 'rakets for (ou in order to
regulate in /0i0 se5uene t0e infor#ation #ust 'e proessed. -lease note t0at t0e 1uer(
s(ntax funtions like a #at0e#atial for#ulaA T0e infor#ation in 'rakets is proessed
first. As it #a( 'e t0e ase; t0e 1uer( Builder does not plae 'rakets in t0e /a( (ou
/ould like it to; 'eause it /ould 0ange t0e result of (our 1uer(. "n t0is ase (ou 0a,e to
0ange t0e 'rakets #anuall(. "f (ou; for exa#ple; start t0e 1uer( Builder /it0 t0e -y
word or prase option; enter an GsH in t0e field Te first word starts wit; refine (our
1uer( '( using t0e Tag GExla#ationH; selet exclude its from previous results and ex<
lude all /ords /it0 #ore t0an fi,e ourrenes and add #ore results '( using t0e -y word
or prase option again; 'ut t0is ti#e (ou enter a GtH in t0e field 'e first word ends wit;
t0en (ou 0a,e o#piled t0is 1uer(A
(((reg="\b\Qs\E\S*") where (tag="Exclamation")) - (freq > 5))
(reg="\b\S*\Qt\E(!=\")")
T0is 1uer( /ould sear0 for all ourrenes of /ords t0at start /it0 t0e letter GsH
(reg="\b\Qs\E\S*") and appear /it0in text parts t0at are tagged as Gspee0<s0o/H (where
(tag="Exclamation")); 'ut all of t0ose results are exluded t0at our #ore t0an fi,e
ti#es (- (freq > 5)) and additionall(; (ou sear0 for all ourrenes t0at end /it0 t0e letter
GtH (reg="\b\S*\Qt\E(!=\")").
As it #a( 'e t0e ase; (ou /ould like sear0 for all ourrenes of /ords t0at start /it0 t0e
letter GsH (reg="\b\Qs\E\S*") and appear /it0in text parts t0at are tagged as Gspee0<
s0o/H (where (tag="Exclamation")); 'ut (ou do not onl( /ant to exlude all /ords t0at
our #ore t0an fi,e ti#es; 'ut also all /ords t0at end /it0 a GtH. T0en (ou 0a,e to 0ange
t0e 'rakets #anuall(A
(reg="\b\Qs\E\S*" where tag="Exclamation") - (freq > 5
reg="\b\S*\Qt\E(!=\")")
4or t0is 1uer(; it is i#portant t0at (ou #ake lear t0at t0e first part ?G" sear0 for /ords
starting /it0 t0e letter JsK t0at appear /it0in t0e text parts t0at are tagged as Gspee0
s0o/H@ is one unit. T0at is /0( t0ere are 'rakets around it ((reg="\b\Qs\E\S*" where
tag="Exclamation"))#and t0at (ou /ould like to exlude anot0er unit ?t0e /ords t0at
appear #ore t0an fi,e ti#es and t0e /ords t0at end /it0 t0e letter GtH@ fro# it. So; (ou also
put G(freq > 5 reg="\b\S*\Qt\E(!=\")")H in 'rakets.
")2)2 ;uer7 /7nta2
Alt0oug0 #ost 1ueries an 'e generated '( using t0e 1uer( Builder; (ou #a( so#eti#es
/ant to enter (our 1uer( diretl(. To do so; please enter (our 1uer( in t0e field in t0e top
left orner of t0e Anal(2er and lik (xecute ;uery.
8ne tip for learning CATMACs 1uer( &anguage is to al/a(s exa#ine t0e 1ueries t0e
1uer( Builder generates /0en (ou use it. B( doing t0is; (ou /ill get used to t0e speial
expressions and t0e s(ntax t0at are neessar( for a0ie,ing ertain results. 6o/e,er; in t0e
follo/ing setions (ou find a detailed guide on 0o/ to o#pile 1ueries for different pur<
poses.
")2)2)! /im+le ;ueries
")2)2)!)! ;ueries -it% :or.s or 9%rases
T0e #ost 'asi t(pe of 1uer( t0at (ou an run onsists of 7ust a single /ord. -lease use
in,erted o##as.
4or exa#pleA
"e$e"
T0is 1uer( /ould selet all ourrenes of t0e /ord Ge(eH fro# t0e text t0at (ou 0a,e
loaded. "f (ou use t0e .ordlist and selet Ge(eH fro# t0e list; t0e results /ould 'e
idential.
Building 1ueries /it0 p0rases is 7ust as eas(. Iust enter a p0rase and put t0e /0ole p0rase
in in,erted o##as.
4or exa#pleA
"% thin& it was his e$e"
T0is 1uer( /ill list all ourrenes of t0e p0rase GT0is is #( 'i(leH. -lease note t0at
onl( exat #at0es are returned.
Sine in,erted o##as are of speial #eaning to t0e 1uer( parser; t0e( annot 'e used in
1ueries unless t0e( are esaped. To esape t0e#; plae a 'akslas0 7ust in front of t0e#A
"\"'illains(\" % shrie&e)"
")2)2)!)2 ;ueries -it% 8egular 32+ressions
+egular Expressions allo/ (ou to sear0 for /ords as /ell as for parts of /ords. .0ene,er
(ou /ant to reate a 1uer( /it0 a +egular Expression; please start (our 1uer( /it0
reg=
and put t0e follo/ing 1uer( in in,erted o##as.
6ere is a list of possi'le operators for 1ueries /it0 +egular Expressions and t0eir
respeti,e funtionsA
*+erator ,escri+tion
- period=dotA represents an( single 0arater.
4or exa#pleA "f (ou sear0 for reg="b--t"; (ou /ill sear0 for an( se5uene
of four 0araters; /0ere t0e letter G'H is follo/ed '( t/o ar'itrar( 0araters
and t0e letter GtH. -lease note t0at t0e dot #a( also represent /0itespae
0araters. So if (ou run t0e exa#ple 1uer(; (ou #ig0t get G'eatH as /ell as
G'( tH ?as part of G'( t0e o'ser,ationsH@ a#ong t0e results.
* asteriskA represents 2ero; one or #ore onseuti,e ourrenes of t0e
preeding 0arater.
4or exa#pleA "f (ou t(pe in reg=")is*" (ou /ill sear0 for an( se5uene of
t0e letters GdiH; follo/ed '( t0e letter GsH 2ero or #ore ti#es. So if (ou run
t0e 1uer(; (ou #a( get GdiH ?as part of t0e /ord GdidH@; GdisH ?as part of t0e
/ord GdiseaseH and GdissH ?as part of t0e /ord Gdisse#'leH@ a#ong t0e
results.
! 5uestion #arkA represents 2ero or one onseuti,e ourrenes of t0e
preeding 0arater.
4or exa#pleA "f (ou t(pe in reg=")is!"; (ou #a( get GdiH and GdisH a#ong
t0e results.
. 5uestion #arkA represents 2ero or one onseuti,e ourrenes of t0e
preeding 0arater.
4or exa#pleA "f (ou t(pe in reg=")is."; (ou #a( get GdisH and GdissH a#ong
t0e results.
\b +epresents a /ord 'oundar( #arker.
4or exa#pleA "f (ou t(pe in reg="\bb--t\b"; (ou #a( get G'eatH a#ong t0e
results; 'ut not G'( tH.
/ 0 s5uare 'raketsA represent a set of 0araters; i. e. a 0arater lass.
4or exa#ple; reg="b/aeio10" /ill list e,er( ourrene of t0e letter G'H
/0ere G'H is follo/ed '( a ,o/el; like G'eH or G'aH ?as part of t0e /ord
G'akH@.
2 iru#flex aentA is used to negate an( 0arater lass.
4or exa#ple; reg="/b2aeio10" /ill list e,er( ourrene of t0e letter G'H
/0ere G'H is follo/ed '( a non<,o/el; like G'(H or G'rH ?as part of t0e /ord
G'rainH@.
- 0(p0en=#inusA is used to speif( a range in a 0arater lass.
4or exa#ple; reg= "b/a-m0" /ill list e,er( ourrene of t0e letter G'H
/0ere G'H is follo/ed '( an( letter t0at lies 'et/een GaH and G#H in t0e
alp0a'et; inluding GaH and G#H; like G'eH or G'lH ?as part of t0e /ord
Gi#possi'leH@.
So#e of t0e operators 0a,e a different funtion /0en o#'ined /it0 ot0er operators. T0e
desription of t0ese funtions /ould exeed t0e sope of t0is #anual. Also; 1ueries /it0
+egular Expressions #a( /ork rat0er slo/l( /0en applied to large dou#ents. A useful
alternati,e for so#e of t0e 1ueries /it0 +egular Expressions pose .ildard 1ueries ?see
setion 3.2.2.1.3 1ueries /it0 .ildard@.
-lease noteA "f (ou atuall( /ant to sear0 for a 0arater t0at an also 'e used as an
operator in a 1uer( /it0 +egular Expressions; please esape t0e operator '( putting a
'akslas0 in front of it.
4or exa#pleA
"f (ou /ant to sear0 for an( fi,e letter /ord t0at ends /it0 GuteH and finis0es a sentene;
(ou 0a,e to t(pe in reg="-c1te\-".
")2)2)!)" ;ueries -it% :il.'ar.
So#e of t0e funtions of 1ueries /it0 +egular Expressions an 'e a0ie,ed '( using
.ildard 1ueries. T0e( allo/ (ou to sear0 for /ords '( entering onl( parts of t0e /ord.
.0ene,er (ou /ant to reate a .ildard 1uer(; please start (our 1uer( /it0
wil)=
and put t0e follo/ing 1uer( in in,erted o##as.
6ere is a list of t0e operators for .ildard 1ueries and t0eir respeti,e funtionsA
*+erator 31nction
4 perentA represents an unkno/n part of a /ord.
4or exa#pleA "f (ou t(pe in wil)="4ill"; (ou /ill reei,e an( /ord t0at
ends /it0 GillH; like G/illH and GstillH.
-lease noteA T0is operator #a( also 'e used in 1ueries /it0 Tags. 4or fur<
t0er infor#ation; please see setion 3.2.2.1.! 1ueries /it0 Tags.
5 undersoreA represents an( single 0arater /it0in a /ord.
4or exa#pleA "f (ou t(pe in wil)="5ill"; (ou /ill reei,e an( four<letter
/ord t0at ends /it0 GillH.
-lease noteA "f (ou atuall( /ant to sear0 for a 0arater t0at an also 'e used as an
operator in a .ildard 1uer(; please esape t0e operator '( putting a 'akslas0 in front of
it.
4or exa#pleA "f (ou /ant to sear0 for an( /ord t0at starts /it0 Gai#LH; please t(pe in
wil)="aim\54".
")2)2)!)4 ;ueries -it% /imilarit7
So#eti#es it is useful to look for /ords /0i0 are si#ilar to so#e ot0er /ord. "f (ou
/ould like to do t0is; please put
simil=
in front of (our 1uer( and put t0e follo/ing 1uer( in in,erted o##as.
T0e Anal(2er uses t0e +atliff=8'ers0elp -attern +eognition Algorit0# to deter#ine
si#ilarit(. ?A disussion of t0e algorit0# is 'e(ond t0e sope of t0is user #anual; 'ut if
(ou are interested; please 0a,e a look 0ereA 0ttpA==///.drdo''s.o#=data'ase=pattern<
#at0ing<t0e<gestalt<approa0=1)443%*%3MpgnoN! @
6ere is an exa#ple of 0o/ si#ilarit( 1ueries /orkA
simil="man" 674
T0is 1uer( selets an( /ord /0i0 is to %3 per ent si#ilar to t0e /ord G#anH. Dote t0at
t0e perentage s(#'ol is optional.
")2)2)!)4 ;ueries -it% Tags
"f (ou 0a,e tagged t0e text (ou are /orking on; (ou /ill 'e a'le to use t0is #eta<
infor#ation in (our 1ueries. To do so; 7ust put
tag=
in front of (our 1uer( and put t0e follo/ing 1uer( in in,erted o##as.
6ere is an exa#pleA
tag="Exclamation"
T0is 1uer( /ould selet an( /ord or p0rase t0at is tagged /it0 t0e Tag GExla#ationH.
"f (ou /ould like to sear0 for a speifi Su'tag; (ou an t(pe in t0e /0ole pat0 t0at leads
to t0e desired Su'tag.
4or exa#pleA
tag="Exclamation8Single "or)"
T0is 1uer( /ould list e,er( instane of t0e Su'tag GSingle .ordH t0at 'elongs to t0e Tag
GExpressionH.
"t is also possi'le to use t0e perent operator fro# t0e .ildard 1ueries /0en sear0ing
for Tags.
4or exa#pleA
tag="4Single "or)"
T0is 1uer( /ould list e,er( instane of a Tag na#ed GSingle .ordH in t0e text; regardless
to /0i0 Tag t0e Su'tag GSingle .ordH 'elongs; for t0ere #a( 'e #ore t0an one Su'tag
/it0 t0is na#e.
")2)2)!)5 ;ueries -it% Collo'ation
Colloate 1ueries allo/ (ou to sear0 for /ords t0at appear near ot0er /ords. You #a(;
for exa#ple; /ant to find out /0ere t0e /ord GlouderH appears near /ord G0eardH. T0is
an easil( 'e done /it0 t0e a#persand operator.
*+erator ,escri+tion
9 a#persandA is used to define olloate 1ueries.
4or exa#pleA "lo1)er" 9 "hear)" :7 /ill list all ourrenes of GlouderH;
/0ere G0eardH appears /it0in a predeter#ined nu#'er of /ords to eit0er side
of GlouderH. "n t0is ase; G23H is t0e span si2e for t0e olloation. "f (ou o#it
t0e span si2e; t0e default ,alue is fi,e /ords to eit0er side.
-lease note t0at olloate 1ueries are e,aluated fro# rig0t to left; #eaning t0at t0e
left#ost /ord /ill al/a(s 'e t0e one t0at is seleted. "f (ou o#pile a olloation 1uer(
/it0 #ore t0an t/o o#ponents; t0oug0; (ou need to plae 'rakets to define /0i0 part
of t0e 1uer( is supposed to 'e proessed first.
")2)2)!)< ;ueries -it% >re?uen'7
You an also 'uild 1ueries t0at /ill list (ou all t0e /ords t0at our in (our text /it0 a
ertain fre5uen(. .0ene,er (ou /ant to reate a 1uer( /it0 fre5uen(; please start (our
1uer( /it0
freq=
6ere are a fe/ exa#ples of t0e possi'ilities for 1ueries /it0 fre5uen(A
*+erator ,escri+tion
= e5ual signA 0elps to sear0 for t0e exat fre5uen(.
4or exa#pleA freq = 5 /ill list all t0e /ords t0at our /it0 a fre5uen( of
fi,e in t0e text.
; s#aller t0anA 0elps to sear0 for /ord t0at our less often t0an t0e 0osen
fre5uen( in t0e text.
4or exa#pleA freq ; <77 /ill list all t0e /ords t0at our less t0an 133 ti#es
in t0e text.
-lease noteA T0is operator #a( also 'e o#'ined /it0 t0e e5ual sign.
4or exa#pleA freq ;= <77 /ill list all t0e /ords t0at our 133 or less ti#es
in t0e text.
> larger t0anA 0elps to sear0 for /ords t0at our #ore often t0an t0e 0osen
fre5uen( in t0e text.
4or exa#pleA freq > 57 /ill list all t0e /ords t0at our #ore t0an !3 ti#es
in t0e text.
-lease noteA T0is operator #a( also 'e o#'ined /it0 t0e e5ual sign.
4or exa#pleA freq >= <77 /ill list all t0e /ords t0at our !3 or #ore ti#es
in t0e text.
- 0(p0en=#inusA 0elps to sear0 for a range of fre5uenies.
4or exa#pleA freq = 5-<7 /ill list all t0e /ords t0at our 'et/een fi,e and
ten ti#es in t0e text.
")2)2)2 Com+le2 ;ueries
Co#plex 1ueries allo/ (ou to o#'ine e,er(t0ing (ou 0a,e learned a'out 1ueries so far
in order to reate e,en #ore po/erful 1ueries. "n t0e follo/ing setions; (ou /ill find
infor#ation on different /a(s of 'uilding o#plex 1ueries. 4or a su##ar( 0art of all t0e
operators t0at an 'e used in o#plex 1ueries; please see setion 3.2.2.2.! Su##ar( C0art
of 8perators for Co#plex 1ueries.
-lease noteA 4or an( o#plex 1uer( t0at onsists in #ore t0an t/o o#ponents; it is
neessar( t0at (ou plae 'rakets to define /0i0 part of t0e 1uer( is supposed to 'e
proessed first.
")2)2)2)! Combining ;ueries
You an o#'ine t0e results of #ultiple 'asi 1ueries. T0is an si#pl( 'e a0ie,ed '(
using t0e o##a
operator.
8ne exa#ple /ould 'eA
"lo1)er" "hear)"
T0is 1uer( /ould list all t0e ourrenes of GtreeH and all t0e ourrenes of G0ouseH.
A #ore o#plex exa#ple /ould 'eA
wil)="4e)" freq > :7
T0is 1uer( /ould list an( /ord ending /it0 t0e letters GedH as /ell as an( /ord /0i0
ours #ore t0an t/ent( ti#es.
")2)2)2)2 ;ueries -it% 32'lusions
Exlusions are 0elpful /0en (ou are sear0ing for so#et0ing /0i0 (ou kno/ /ill return a
large nu#'er or results; 'ut (ou also kno/ t0at (ou are not interested in so#e of t0ese
results. T0is an 'e a0ie,ed '( using t0e 0(p0en=#inus
-
as an operator.
You #ig0t; for exa#ple; 'e interested in an( ourrene of t0e /ord GlouderH t0at is not
tagged /it0 t0e tag GExla#ationH. T0e 1uer( (ou are looking for is t0e follo/ingA
"lo1)er" - tag="Exclamation"
T0is 1uer( /ill list e,er( ourrene of t0e /ord GlouderH t0at is not tagged /it0 t0e Tag
GExla#ationH.
")2)2)2)" ;ueries -it% A.@a'en'7
1ueries /it0 ad7aen( allo/ (ou to sear0 for ertain results t0at /ill onl( 'e listed if
t0e( are diretl( follo/ed '( t0e results of a different 1uer(. T0ese 1ueries are 'uilt '(
using t0e se#iolon
=
as an operator.
4or exa#pleA
"an" = wil)="14"
T0is 1uer( /ill list e,er( ourrene of GanH t0at is diretl( follo/ed '( an( /ord starting
/it0 GuH.
Bnfortunatel(; t0e Anal(2er is not (et apa'le of seleting an ite# ot0er t0an t0e first ite#
in t0e se5uene. So at t0e #o#ent; (ou annot sear0 for so#et0ing t0at is preeded '(
so#et0ing else; for exa#ple.
")2)2)2)4 ;ueries -it% 8efinements
Te0niall(; 1ueries /it0 exlusions and 1ueries /it0 ad7aen( are su'lasses of 1ueries
/it0 refine#ents. But t0ere are #an( #ore possi'ilities of refining a 1uer(; e. g. refining it
'( si#ilarit(; '( Tag and '( fre5uen(. To 'uild 1ueries /it0 refine#ents; (ou 0a,e to use
t0e
where
operator.
6ere is an exa#ple for a refine#ent '( si#ilarit(A
wil)="a4" where simil="man" 574
T0is 1uer( /ill selet all /ords starting /it0 t0e letter GaH; /0i0 are !3O si#ilar to
G#anH.
6ere is an exa#ple for a refine#ent '( fre5uen(A
wil)="\te4" where freq = <77
T0is 1uer( allo/s (ou to sear0 for all t0e /ords t0at start /it0 GteH t0at our exatl( 133
ti#es in t0e text.
6ere is an exa#ple for a refine#ent /it0 a TagA
"lo1)er" where tag="Exclamation"
T0is 1uer( /ould selet all instanes of GlouderH t0at are tagged /it0 t0e Tag na#ed
GExla#ationH.
-lease note t0at; for refine#ent /it0 Tags; (ou #a( also speif( /0at (ou onsider a 0it.
T0ere are t0ree possi'ilitiesA exat; 'oundar( and o,erlap.
6ere is an exa#ple for an exat #at0A
"lo1)er" where tag="Exclamation" exact
T0is 1uer( /ill list all ourrenes of GlouderH /0ere t0e exat /ord GlouderH is tagged
/it0 t0e Tag GExla#ationH. "t /ill not list ourrenes of GlouderH /0ere GlouderH is part
of a larger Tag na#ed GExla#ationH or /0ere onl( parts of t0e /ord GlouderG are tagged
as GExla#ationH.
6ere is an exa#ple for a 'oundar( #at0A
"lo1)er" where tag="Exclamation" bo1n)ar$
T0is 1uer( /ill list onl( t0ose ourrenes of GlouderH t0at are entirel( inluded '( a Tag
na#ed GExla#ationH. T0is is t0e ase /0en GlouderH and t0e Tag GExla#ationH are exat
#at0es; 'ut also /0en t0e /0ole /ord GlouderH is part of a larger tag na#ed
GExla#ationH.
6ere is an exa#ple for a 'oundar( #at0A
"lo1)er" where tag="Exclamation" o>erla+
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