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Holding down arrangements

The engine must be firmly in position in the ship in order to preserve alignement between the crankshaft
and the propeller shaft.
Vibration, rolling and pitching will tend to move the engine from its original set position.
The bedplate is aligned and individual chocks are used to maintain that alignement. Holding
down studs which are preferred to bolts because they are cheaper are then used to hold the engine firmly
to the tank top.
The bedplate must be as rigid as possible in order to keep the crankshaft straight. The ships
structure, which includes the tank tops will distort as the ship rolls and pitches. Modern bulk carriers are
constructed of high tensile steel because thinner plates may be used, thus reducing the deadweight and
allowing more cargo to be carried. Thinner plates are more flexible and this increases the relative
movement between tank top and bedplate.
This relative movement between the rigid bedplate and flexing tanktop leads to bending of the
stud and possible fatigue failure.
One solution is to use spherical washes but these are expensive. better solution is to use
longer studs. !hen these bend the radius of curvature is grater and so reducing the bending moment for
the same relative movement. large radius of curvature means a lower stress and the risk of fatigue
failure is reduced.
M /I = s/y = E/R
M"#ending moment
I"$nd moment of area of the cross section
s "%tress
y"distance from the axis of bending to the outer face
E" modulus of elasticity
R&radius of curvature of the bending.
This can be arranged into
s = E . y /R
or s = k. 1 /R
where k is a constant
that is, stress is inversely proportional to the radius of curvature.
Side Chocking
End Chock (aft end of the engine only)
Resin Chocking
%teel chocking has the disadvantages that each block must be individually fitted, a time consuming
process, and after fitting are susceptible to fretting and wear. 'esin chocks are poured and therefore are
much (uicker to apply. They form into the shape of the clearance and key into surface imperfections. This
much reduces damage due to fretting and removes bending momemts on the holding down bolts.
The disadvantage is that the resin creation must be precise and that it is less straight forward
to replace in the event of damage of misaligenement.
Proerties
The material used for the rsin chocking is )lass tested to ensure minimum standards.
A sample cured in the correct way is tested for the following;
i. The impact resistance
ii. Hardness.
iii. Compressive strength (stress at maximum load) and modulus of elasticity.
iv. Water absorption.
v. Oil absorption.
vi. Heat deflection temperature.
vii. Compressive creep
viii. Curing linear shrinkage.
ix. lammability.

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