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1.1.1 Scope
1.1.2 Purpose
1.2 Tubing
1.2.1 Purchasing
Only tubing designated as 70k/80k low alloy low carbon steel with a
nominal yield strength not exceeding 90,000 psi when newly milled may
be used as coiled tubing. Tubing manufactured from other materials may
not be used without consultation with Corporate Engineering. This
prohibition applies to tubing made by all manufacturers.
1.2.2 Receiving
During the first installation of the tubing on to a working reel check and record
:
1.2.3 Maintenance
The accumulation of fatigue data and other related service factors will be
recorded in the coiled tubing management system known as CYCLE. The
event data will be entered into CYCLE as soon as possible after the
completion of a customer service program.
Prior to any operation where internal debris, such as rust scale and
cement for instance, may impair the function of a downhole tool or
chemical treatment, the tubing will be cleaned using the appropriate
‘pigs’ and de-rusting chemicals.
For long term storage or in humid, salty environments, the coiled tubing
needs to be protected inside and out from the elements.
1.2.6 Welding
All field welded joints will be made using BJ SERVICES procedures (see
section 9) which must be approved by a relevant local inspection
authority. Welding technicians must be qualified to carry out the welding
procedures by the same authority.
Sour service will be defined as any well producing sour gas (H2S)
regardless of concentration.
• made with the aid of a mechanical alignment jig which can position
the ends of the tube such that the external wall profiles are not more
than 0.005” out of line at any point on the circumference.
• inspected using radiographic non-destructive methods by a third party
and the inspection reports kept for the life of the string.
• subjected to a pressure test to 80% of the burst pressure for the
lightest wall tubing in the string or the limit of the plumbing in the
system. In addition the weld will be subjected to a rolling pressure
test in which the pipe should be spooled onto the spooling reel then
back onto the work reel at the same test pressure mentioned above.
• hardness tested at both the weld bead and heat affected area and
remain below Rockwell 22 C for the test sample (the test weld prior
to completion of final weld).
1.3 Equipment
Note : The following standards can only be modified with written local
REGION Management consent.
1.3.1 BOP’s
• Approved vendor
• Complies with or exceeds NACE MR 0175 and API standards for
well control equipment
• Minimum 10,000 psi (70,000 kPa, 690 bar) working pressure with a
15,000 psi (100,000 kPa, 1032 bar) test pressure
• Minimum 3 1/16” (77 mm) ID
• All shall be H2S compatible
• All BOP hoses will be fire proofed the first 50 feet (15 m) from the
well
• All rams to be able to close in 15 seconds or less at minimum
temperature
• Minimum configuration will be blind, shear, slip and pipe or
combination of these
• Have a kill port with a minimum 2 1/16” (52 mm) flange
• Ability to monitor wellhead pressure below the pipe rams
• Pressure equalizing valves across all pressure containing rams
• Use of only flanged/metal-to-metal connections below the lowest
blind rams
• Slip design shall minimize fatigue/deformation damage (interrupted
profile, diamond or other pattern)
• Slip rams shall be capable of holding the pipe up to the minimum
yield point at the maximum rated working pressure in a hang-off
mode. In a “snub” mode, the should hold a minimum of 50% of the
• Wellbore returns shall not be taken through the primary BOP kill line
but through a “flow T or Cross”
• Minimum configuration shall be stuffing box, blind, shear, slip and
pipe or combination of the above
• Anytime coil tubing is run into a well a BOP must be included as part
of the pressure control equipment
• An annular BOP shall be used when BHA’s of larger OD than the coil
will have to hang across the Christmas tree due to length
• Initial pressure tests to the maximum test pressure required will be
with water or other suitable, non-flammable, solids free fluid. If fluid
pumping equipment is not available on location, pressure testing may
be conducted using nitrogen as the test fluid with the appropriate
safety precautions
• Dedicated kill line with pressure rating similar to BOP
• BOP flange rating equal or greater than Christmas tree
• All connections to be flanged below the lowest blind ram
• As pipe and blind rams only hold pressure from below, the Christmas
tree swab valve needs to hold pressure in both directions to be able to
test these rams
• All ring gaskets shall meet the requirements of API Spec. 16A,
Section III C7. Coated ring gaskets are not to be used. Ring gaskets
should not be reused
• The elastomers used shall be appropriate for the service fluids used
and the anticipated temperature
• Flange studs and nuts to be of the correct size and grade and made-up
to the proper torque in a criss-cross manner (See API Spec 6A)
• All well control equipment shall be tested using water or other
suitable solid/gas free liquids (to protect against freeze-up)
• All well control components shall be subjected to first a low pressure
test generally 200-300 psi (1,400-2,100 kPa, 14-20 bar) for 5
minutes (do not pressure up and bleed down as seals might energize
at higher pressures) then at a minimum the maximum anticipated
wellhead (not pumping) pressure plus 20%. Hold this and record for
10 minutes
• Test area shall be cordoned off and only necessary personnel should
stay in test area
• Tightening, repair or any other work is to be done only after all
pressure has been bled down.
This tests and records all well components including CT, BHA, reel
rotating joint, pump lines, kill lines and choke/flow lines and should be
carried out and recorded at the maximum rated working pressure of the
Christmas tree:
1.3.1.4 Maintenance
Post-Job as a minimum :
Pre-Job as a minimum :
• Any time coiled tubing is run, a stuffing box needs to be part of the
well control package.
• The elastomers and orings/seals used shall be appropriate for the
service fluids used and the anticipated temperature.
• All well control components shall be subjected to first a low pressure
test generally 200-300 psi (1,400-2,100 kPa, 14-20 bar) for 5 minutes
(do not pressure up and bleed down as seals might energize at higher
pressures) then at a minimum the maximum anticipated wellhead
(not pumping) pressure plus 20%. Hold this and record for 10
minutes.
• If a N2 test is required, a successful fluid test of all components to the
maximum N2 test pressure required will be carried out first.
• Test area shall be cordoned off and only necessary personnel should
stay in test area.
• Tightening, repair or any other work is to be done only after all
1.3.2.4 Maintenance
Post-Job as a minimum :
Pre-Job as a minimum :
• The drive system must have a higher top speed than the injector
• The shaft torque should be 1.5 times the line pull required for the
biggest, heaviest coil to be utilized
• The minimum core radius needs to be forty-eight (48) times the
maximum pipe OD to be run on the reel. As large as possible i.e.
1.25” / 72”, 1.50” / 90”, etc. (31.8 mm / 182 cm, 38.1 mm / 228 cm)
• Dynamic and mechanical reel brakes are required
• The levelwind needs to be able to handle 80 degrees of elevation
• The internal piping needs to be integral and have a minimum 10,000
psi (70,000 kPa, 690 bar) working pressure rated with at least one
plug valve and ball drop “Tee”.
• The rotating joint shall be rated at 10,000 psi (70,000 kPa, 690 bar)
working pressure.
• The rotating joint to have a non obstructed ID equivalent or larger
than the maximum coil ID except 2 7/8” (73 mm) and 3 1/2”(88.9
mm)
• All reels shall be counter drilled for “Stiff Wireline” applications.
• The plug launcher shall be part of the internal plumbing.
• There shall be a hydraulic fail-safe clamp on the levelwind.
• A mechanical depth counter shall be mounted on the levelwind.
• A pipe lubrication system, non hand spray, will be located somewhere
on the unit (i.e. - the stuffing box or levelwind)
• Reel capacity is not the same for different coiled tubing sizes.
Capacity for any given reel can be calculated as follows;
1.3.3.2 Maintenance
• Check all retaining bolts and set screws on all components, bearings
and sprockets, lubricate as required.
• Check the alignment of all gears and sprockets on the work reel and
level wind.
• Inspect the weep hole on the reel swivel for evidence of leaks and
ensure that it is not blocked or obstructed.
• Inspect the reel motor and braking system.
• Inspect the depth measurement equipment.
• Inspect and refill the tubing lubrication system as required.
• Check all retaining bolts and set screws on all components, bearings
and sprockets, lubricate as required.
• Remove all drive chains and check condition of chains, gears and
sprockets.
• Check the operation and settings of the system relief valves and pop-
off valves where fitted. (hydraulic and tubing lubrication systems)
• Check the efficiency of the reel drive and braking systems.
• Remove, disassemble and redress the reel swivel.
• Remove and check the condition of all chains and sprockets on the
level wind.
• Remove the level wind yoke cover and inspect the condition of the
yoke and leadscrew.
• Check the condition of the level wind trolley.
• Raise and lower the level wind, inspect the condition of the hydraulic
rams.
• Check the condition of the depth measurement device, i.e. measuring
wheel, bearings, chain and reduction gears.
1.3.4 Injectors
1.3.4.2 Maintenance
• Remove the injector chains from the injector head. Inspect all
bearings, gripper blocks and chain components for wear or damage.
Lubricate as required.
• Check for free play or slack in the chain. The limit is 3 % stretch.
• With the chain removed, check the condition of the skate for
excessive wear or damage. Reverse or replace as necessary.
• Check the rollers and roller carriages. Lubricate as required.
• Check the nitrogen pre-charge on the chain tension circuit
accumulators. (Manufacturers recommended pressures should be
adhered to at all times.)
• Perform pull test.
• Inspect the weight indicator system.
• Inspect the depth measurement devices if equipped.
• Check the gooseneck and rollers for excessive wear or damage.
• Will be supplied when running pipe greater than 2”(50.8 mm) in OD.
• Only to be used when required (i.e. - completions ; before and after
connections).
• Needs to be adjustable. The pipe should enter and exit the guide arch
tangent to the curve of the guide arch
• The guide arch radius needs to be at least 48 times the coiled tubing
OD.
Note: A radius larger than 100 inches (254 cm) does not gain significant
advantages.
• The closer the rollers are spaced, the better.
• The gooseneck needs to be strong enough to handle the combined
bending of the pipe, withstand the bending moment that maximum
reel back tension would apply and a 5% side moment (fleet angle)
that happens when you are spooling at the extreme sides of the reel.
• The end of the gooseneck should be flared. This flare should
accommodate the maximum fleet angle that it will see without the
pipe seeing another strain reversal.
• The engine size needs to be able to handle the injector plus the
auxiliary systems at maximum load with a 50% safety factor.
• The hydraulic system to be able to dissipate maximum heat output.
• The control cab window shall be protected or have bullet proof glass.
• The blind and shear ram controls on the control panel shall have
positive locks.
• The accumulator charge shall be sized to handle Open, Close, Open
scenario of all rams at the maximum BOP rated working pressure.
• The hydraulic system for the BOP’s and stuffing box shall have two
back-ups (i.e. air and manual).
• Depth, speed, wellhead and pumping pressure and weight need to be
displayed along with the power pack hydraulic/air parameters (i.e. -
traction force, skate tension, well control, reel back tension, injector
hydraulic pressure, stuffing box hydraulic......).
1.3.7.2 Maintenance
Crane Operation :
Note: N2 clean outs are presently excluded since CIRCA cannot model them at
this time.
• Cement jobs.
• Reverse flow.
• Running deeper than 12,000 feet (3,650 m) or using tapered strings.
• An operation that requires over pull or set down weight to operate.
• An operation where collapse might be an issue.
• High rate oil or gas wells.
Coiled tubing shall not be run into a well unless a dimensioned drawing
of the bottom hole assembly is available on location.
1.6.2 Execution