INTRODUCTION TO PARKING

Why Do Parking Policies Matter?

And what is the relationship to other Access Policies?
Residents
Business Owners
Developers
Cities
Transit Agencies
Regional Agencies
$2, 15 min Free! 20 min Free! 10 min Free! 5 min
How should I get there?
Lets see, its about 1 mile . . .
What goes into creating a parking space?
What goes into creating a parking space?
$5,000/sp
What goes into creating a parking space?
$5,000/sp
$25,000/sp
What goes into creating a parking space?
$5,000/sp
$25,000/sp
$35,000/sp
Free Parking!!
Lots of
Parking!!
The Simpsons and 2007 Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation
But, our communities and attitudes are changing.
Of course theres not enough parking! If you gave away
free pizza, would there ever be enough pizza?! Andres Duany
Why do we treat parking as a need -
instead of a good to be purchased at a price when wanted?
I NEED my coffee in the morning. But I expect to pay for it.
Why do we treat parking differently?
$$Parking$$
Demand for
Parking??
If we dont build ample supplies of parking and
provide it for free
Apocalypse?!
Or Desirable Environments?
What if a certain strategy isnt right for a specific
neighborhood?
What
works
here
Might
not
work
here
Support a Balanced Multimodal System
Reduce Parking Oversupply
WHEN DOES IT MAKE SENSE TO BUILD A
PARKING STRUCTURE?
$25,000 $25,000
$25,000
$25,000
$25,000
$25,000
$25,000
$25,000
$25,000
$25,000
$25,000
$25,000
$25,000
$25,000
$25,000
$25,000 $25,000 $25,000
$25,000
$25,000 $25,000
$25,000 $25,000
$25,000 $25,000
$25,000
Suburban Surface Lot
$5,000
Construction cost per
space
$70-120
Monthly cost per space
Downtown Lot
$6,000
Construction cost per
space
$300-$500
Monthly cost per space
Urban Parking Structure
$30,000
Construction cost per
space
$350-$400
Monthly cost per space
Suburban Parking Structure
$25,000
Construction cost per
space
$180-$300
Monthly cost per space
Credit: Opticos Design
Petaluma Station Area
Master Plan
$300/space per month?
What should we invest in?
P
P
P
P
P
HOME
STATION
Could be a
5 Minute Walk
No Access
HOME
STATION
Instead, it is a
50-Minute Walk
High vehicle
ownership
and auto use
Ample & free
parking
Supply
exceeds
demand
Auto-oriented
development
Low demand
for
multimodal
transport-
ation
No market for
parking fees
Traffic Congestion
Air Quality
Energy Consumption
Social Justice Consequences
Unintended
Consequences
$2, 15 min Free! 20 min Free! 10 min $2! 5 min
How should I get there?
Lets see, its about 1 mile . . .
How should I get there?
Some days I like to walk or bike
now, since there are bike racks
and traffic is more controlled now.
Or I can take transit. But I can
drive if I need to, I just pay to
park.
PARKING MANAGEMENT FROM A
SYSTEM PERSPECTIVE
The right price for parking is the lowest price at which a
few spaces are always available.
It's the 'Goldilocks' principle of parking spaces
Donald Shoup, Professor of Urban Planning at UCLA
Cities can
achieve these goals by setting
curb parking prices to yield
about an 85 percent
occupancy rate.
Smart payment technology
School
Shop
Play
Work
P
P
P
P
P
P
T
T
T T
T T
T
T
T
T
T
T
Conventional Development
Mixed Use, Park Once District
School
Work
Play
Shop
P
T
T
Results:
< the parking
< the land area
the arterial trips
1/6th the arterial turning movements
< the vehicle miles traveled
Tools
Demand management
Unbundle the cost of parking
Discount transit passes
Bike parking requirements
Carsharing and peer-2-peer
Increase efficiency of supply
Tandem
Compact
Valet parking
Mechanical lifts
Manage on-street parking
Pricing
Timing
Smart technologies
http://www.mtc.ca.gov/planning/smart_gr
owth/parking