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Update Seminar p
2014 CAE Associates
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Outline
Flow Domain and Meshing Examples Flow Domain and Meshing Examples
ANSYS CFX v15
ANSYS Fluent v15
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Flow domain
Often complex Often complex
Flow passes through complex objects
Gaps, engineering clearances, seals, highly curved surfaces, etc.
Common approach
Try an easiest meshing method
Tetrahedron + prism elements most likely used to mesh complex parts Tetrahedron + prism elements most likely used to mesh complex parts
Model outcome
Isotropic nature of tetrahedron elements leads to large, sometimes
excessive element count
Difficult to resolve thin gaps
Di ti l l t i ti Disproportional element size ratio
Long meshing time
Sometimes WB meshing fails to handle problematic geometry
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Flow domain single part
not sweepable not sweepable
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Mesh single part
Tetrahedrons + prisms
1.26 M elements
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Flow domain decomposition
B d t f t i l fl d i b lit i t Based on geometry feature, single flow domain can be split into many
separate 3D volumes
Take advantage of available WB meshing methods, find the best
method for each flow volume
Is any flow volume sweepable ?
Can multi-zone be applied ?
Reduce overall element count
Reduced CPU time, increase throughput
Important for large problems and unsteady analysis
Stitch flow volumes together
Domain Interface in CFX
Mesh Interface in Fluent
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Mesh single part, three bodies
All hexahedrons,
flow through mesh flow through mesh
145 K elements
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Mesh three parts
All hexahedrons
163 K elements
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Heat sink
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Heat sink flow domain
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Heat sink
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Data comparisons
Measured data ~ 71 C above ambient
ANSYS CFD /
Mesh size
Center of heat sink
C above ambient
Averaged
C above ambient
CFX
~ 0.46 M
77.81 (not converged) 76.13 (not converged)
CFX
~ 1.34 M
69.94 68.09
CFX
~ 3.07 M
71.63 69.14
Icepak (Fluent)
~ 1.33 M
73.38 71.74
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Outline
Flow Domain and Meshing Examples Flow Domain and Meshing Examples
ANSYS CFX v15
ANSYS Fluent v15
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Parallel Scalability
HPC improvement HPC improvement
Investigation of various solver
parallel scalability limitations
I d t i l b h k Industrial benchmarks
Single and multi-domain (incl.
two-stage radial compressor g
and six-stage axial
compressor)
Steady and transient
Solver wall clock speed-up on 150M
node intake case
Steady and transient
Implemented improvements
accessible via expert
parameter parameter
Default setting does not
incorporate changes
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Industrial benchmark application
Parallel Scalability
Industrial benchmark application
6-Stage Axial Compressor
13m nodes, 14 Domains, 12 Mixing Planes
Courtesy Siemens AG, Mlheim, Germany,
ASME IGTI Paper GT2013-94639
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Laminar to Turbulence Transition
One-Equation One Equation
Intermittency-based
Transition Modelling ()
Evolution of the -Re
model
Alternative wall function Alternative wall function
calibration for omega-
based models ()
I d b h i i th Improved behaviour in the
laminar limit
Delayed DES (DDES) y ( )
model ()
Avoid switch to LES in
boundary layer
swept wing test case in which ability to
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boundary layer
p g y
capture transition due to cross-flow
instability is critical
Moving and Deforming Mesh
Improved robustness Improved robustness
Better defaults for stiffness
Additional options
Blended stiffness ()
Jacobian Multiplier ()
Improved sliding mesh on
Example showing mesh stiffness resulting with
old defaults (top) vs. new defaults (bottom)
Improved sliding mesh on
surfaces of revolution
More robust for radial
old defaults (top) vs. new defaults (bottom)
machines
Reduced parallel memory
overhead overhead
Alternative model for
periodic mesh motion ()
Hydraulic runner test case : rotation by +/-
5 d h d t bl h d f ti ith
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5 deg showed stable mesh deformation with
default settings, with significant
improvement in R15
Eulerian Multiphase
Numerous enhancements
and extensions
Lift force for Algebraic Slip Lift force for Algebraic Slip
Model ()
Improved turbulent
di i f l t b l t dispersion for large turbulent
Stokes number ()
Different correlations for RPI
wall boiling sub-models ()
Bulk adiabatic boundary
condition for heat transfer at condition for heat transfer at
a wall ()
Lift forces lateral to direction of
travel can be important when
dispersed phase are subject to shear
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Lagrangian Particle Tracking
N d l i d New model options and
diagnostics
Output of model quantities for Output of model quantities for
diagnostics of primary
breakup model (LISA, E-TAB,
) () ) ()
Additional wall film model ()
Limits/bound on particle
i i i d
SchematicofLISAmodelquantities
integration timestep and
particle temperature ()
Additional modeling flexibility g y
Use of particle boundary data
in CEL expressions ()
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Animation of wall deformation
based on particle erosion
Blade row analysis methods
Steady
Stage/ Mixing-Plane
Transient
Full-Domain
Transient
Full-Domain
Transient with
Pitch-Change
Transient with
Pitch-Change
Single Passage per Row
Good @ DP &/or
Low blade loading
Poor @off DP &/or high
Accurate account for
unsteady interactions
Req. Full or Partial
wheel modeling
Accuracy of full
domain
Account of unsteady
interaction
Poor @ off DP &/or high
blade loading
No account of unsteady
interaction
wheel modeling
Large comp. expense
Memory
CPU
interaction
Reduced domain
model
low comp. expense
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Low comp. expense
Transient Blade Row
Transient Blade Row Transformation methods minimize Transient Blade Row Transformation methods minimize
number of simulated passages, providing enormous
efficiency gains and reduced infrastructure requirements
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Transient Blade Row applications
Single & multistage
analysis
A i l & R di l
Inlet Disturbance
- Axial & Radial
Inlet Disturbance
- Frozen Gust Analysis
- Fan Inlet Distortion
Aeromechanical Analysis
-Blade Flutter
-Forced-Response
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Purdue compressor
Transient Blade Row example
p
Full domain 180
o
: 10 IGV / 9 R
TT : 1 IGV/1R
Forcing function on IGV: Integration of
pressure distribution at 90% span from
experiment and CFD
Off-Design Point
Design Point
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Transient Blade Row example
( )
Density-Gradient
TRS 10-9 (Full Domain)
Density-Gradient
Transient Blade Row
This animation is from a solution
obtained on single passage per row
using TT method and later
reconstructed for the full geometry
This animation is from a solution
obtained on the Ref. geometry using
TRS method. The post processing done
i lti l t i t fil
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reconstructed for the full geometry
using a single results file
using multiple transient files
Blade Flutter : Aerodynamic Damping
Flutter occurs at blade natural frequency q y
Dependent on aerodynamic & structural characteristic of the blade
Modal analysis natural frequency and corresponding modal shapes
Only specific mode shapes are used in specifying the blade motion in Only specific mode shapes are used in specifying the blade motion in
CFD calculations
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CFD-Post
Instancing and Expansion of TBR solutions for post- Instancing and Expansion of TBR solutions for post
processing
Full range of plots and quantitative analysis with data
i t i instancing
Points, lines, planes, surfaces (incl. turbo), volumes,
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Turbomachinery speed line
New boundary condition for
across full speed line
Exit-corrected mass-flow
outlet applicable from deep
choke to stall choke to stall
Avoid set-up change along
speed line, ensure continuity
Gi d i d fl Gives desired mass flow
specification in stall region,
and includes effect of
i i i h k pressure variation in choke
region
Speed line for compressor test case showing
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consistency of results between new exit-
corrected mass flow BC and other BCs
Outline
Flow Domain and Meshing Examples Flow Domain and Meshing Examples
ANSYS CFX v15
ANSYS Fluent v15
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Parallel Scalability
700
800
900
96Millioncells
High solver scalability at
large core counts
200
300
400
500
600
R
a
t
i
n
g
R15.0
Ideal
~84% efficiency for 96M cell
case at 10240 cores
Coupled solver LES and
0
100
0 2048 4096 6144 8192 10240 12288
NumCores
Ideal
Coupled solver, LES, and
species transport
Similar trend for 111M cell
t d d b h k standard benchmark
Segregated solver
2500
3000
3500
4000
g
111Millioncells
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
R
a
t
i
n
g
R13.0
R14.0
R15.0
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0 2048 4096 6144 8192 10240 12288
NumCores
Other Parallel Enhancements
I d ll l Improved parallel error
handling
Ability to restore running Ability to restore running
simulations to a usable state
after a crash
Faster solutions using GPUs Faster solutions using GPUs
Accelerated AMG solver
performance for 3D coupled
pressure-based solver
cases
Support for Intel Many- Support for Intel Many
Integrated-Core (MIC) ()
Intel Xeon Phi
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Adjoint Solver
Expanded adjoint solver capabilities Expanded adjoint solver capabilities
Support for larger scale problems
Up to 30 millions cells
Ability to solve the adjoint equation for energy
Observables as integrals of heat flux and temperature
35
Moving and Deforming Mesh
Increased temporal accuracy Increased temporal accuracy
2nd order temporal
discretization with layering and
re meshing re-meshing
Improved accuracy and
robustness for mesh
smoothing
Node-based solver for
diffusion smoothing diffusion smoothing
Linearly elastic solid
smoothing
Increased flexibility with local
re-meshing
Detection and re-meshing of
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Detection and re-meshing of
attached boundary layers
Turbulence
SSTSAS
Transition SST model with
SAS and delayed DES
Increased flexibility for Increased flexibility for
modeling transitional flows
Benefits external flows
TransitionSSTSAS
New WMLES S-Omega
d l f l ti model formulation
Offers improved accuracy
and broader range of and broader range of
applicability
37
Eulerian Multiphase
Faster and more robust as e a d o e obus
multiphase calculations
Adaptive time-stepping
0 6
0.8
1
m
e
Fixed timestep
Log-normal initial particle size
distribution for population
balance
0 2
0.4
0.6
C
P
U
T
i
m
Fixed timestep
Adaptive time
step
balance
Quicker set-up and more
accurate approximation of
ti l i
0
0.2
particle size
New interphase heat transfer
models models
Better prediction of heat
transfer between phases
38
Free Surface Modeling
Faster VOF simulations Faster VOF simulations
Speed-ups of 4% - 36%
over a range of cases
From Neighboring Cell
Open channel flow
enhancements
Suppression of numerical Suppression of numerical
reflection at inlet boundary
Transient profiles for free
surface and bottom level
From Free Surface Level
surface and bottom level
Numerical beach
improvements
From Free Surface Level
Better modeling of oblique
waves
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Eulerian Wall Film
Several enhancements and
extensions
C tibilit ith i Compatibility with moving
walls and MRF
Robust implementation of
splashing model
Evaporation and
condensation with Eulerian condensation with Eulerian
and mixture multiphase
models
Mass flux reporting at Mass flux reporting at
boundaries
PredictedwallfilmthicknessonaNACA
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0012airfoilverificationcase
Reacting Flow
Enhanced modeling of
NO mass fraction
Enhanced modeling of
detailed chemical mechanisms
Species limit increased from
50 t 500
NO mass fraction
50 to 500
Dynamic mechanism
reduction
2-10x faster speed-up
depending mechanism size
Reactor network model for
CO mass fraction
Reactor network model for
rapid 3D simulations with
detailed mechanisms
FGM (Fl l t G t d FGM (Flamelet Generated
Manifold) model for diffusion
flames
41
Gas turbine modeled with 20 reactors
325 reactions, 53 species
Diffusion FGM example
LES of Sandia flame D
42
Battery Modeling
N lti l lti di i l (MSMD) b tt d l New multi-scale, multi-dimensional (MSMD) battery model
Single battery cell or multiple cell battery pack
Fully coupled flow thermal and electrochemistry Fully coupled flow, thermal and electrochemistry
Fully parallelized
Oh i h i
43
Ohmic heat generation
Total heat generation Temperature
Electro-Magnetics Coupling
Improved surface mapping capabilities for coupling Improved surface mapping capabilities for coupling
between Fluent and Maxwell
Support for surface losses on interior zones
Use external data transfer for CFX
Contours of the mapped surface loss in Fluent
(Above) Maxwell mapping surface panel (Right)
44
(Above) Maxwell mapping surface panel (Right)
Heat Transfer and Acoustics
Extensions for heat transfer Extensions for heat transfer
and radiation
New multilayer shell
d ti d l conduction model
Surface-to-surface
radiation with non-
U d fl d i
conformal interface and
mesh
Anisotropic heat
Unsteadyflowstructurescomputedin
simulationofgenericcarmirror
Anisotropic heat
conduction in solids
Improved acoustics
l i
SPL for octave band centered at 63 Hz (left) and 500
analysis
Banded analysis of
acoustic sources ()
45
SPLforoctavebandcenteredat63Hz(left)and500
Hz(right),showingareasofhighnoisegeneration
Fluid Structure Interaction
Two-way coupling between Fluent and Mechanical
Surface thermal FSI
Surface thermal and structural FSI Surface thermal and structural FSI
Two-way transfer of surface temperatures and convective film coefficients to
solve for the temperature field in an exhaust manifold.
46
Modeling Contact with FSI
In Mechanical a Contact Offset can be In Mechanical a Contact Offset can be
specified
This prevents the fluid meshing getting
pinched off pinched off
But we still need to block the flow in
Fluent in some cases
A Fluent UDF is available which:
Detects when surfaces are within a
specified tolerance
Does not prevent further boundary
motion Mechanical should do this
Can block the flow in the remaining Can block the flow in the remaining
gap using a momentum sink approach
Works in serial and parallel, but the
contact zone must be on a single
47
co tact o e ust be o a s g e
partition
Icepak Enhancements
PCB object supports trace and via import PCB object supports trace and via import
Supports all ECAD formats using AnsoftLinks
Also able to select/highlight traces by net or
trace name trace name
Mesher speed improvements
Faster meshing for models with many objects Faster meshing for models with many objects
Coupled Pressure-Velocity solver option
Al i h d f l d l Alternative to the default segregated solver
GPU Accelerator for Parallel Processing
Can be used to accelerate view factor
calculations and the coupled solver
48
Design Modeler Electronics
Design Modeler Electronics now Design Modeler Electronics now
supports the creation of:
PCB objects from blocks or polygons
Specification of detailed or compact Specification of detailed or compact
PCB options available once the DM
model is imported into Icepak
Enclosure objects
Enclosure can have up to six sides
For each side of the enclosure thick For each side of the enclosure thick,
thin or open conditions can be
specified.
49