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Estimation of Density of Crab by Using Quadrat Method

A community is an assemblage of different species of a population in a which the


population constitute the individuals of a speciesparticular geographic area at a given .
time. The observable variation in the point diversity of athe species population can be
analyzed by means of certain ecological parameters which reflects the importance of the
different species of in a community. It is related to the hypothesis that point diversity of a
community is due to inter-relationship and complex interaction between different species
population.. Such ecological values parameters are species density, relative abundance of
species and relative dominance of species.
A uadrate method where the sampling unit is a definite area in the
form of a suare, rectangle or circle is applied for estimation of sampling. !uadrates are
named according to the use. This are of the following types"-
#. $ist !uadrat" - Species present in an area are listed.
%. $ist &ount !uadrat" - Species are listed and counted numerically.
'. &hart !uadrat" - The growth and distribution of each species in space is
recorded. The individual are listed on a graph using a pantograph at regular
intervals.
(. &over !uadrat"-" - )hen the actual or relative coverage is recorded usually as
percentage of ground area covered or shaded by vegetation ,vegetation the, the
sample area is *nown as cover uadrate.
+. ,xperimental -ermanent !uadrat" - This uadrate is left undisturbed and the
area is studied for vegetation changes over a long period.
REQUIRMENTS:
#. $ong tradethread
%. .our long nails
'. /easuring tape
(. 0ammer
+. 1oteboo*
2. -en3-encil
PROCEDURE:
Three sites were selected randomly for the purpose of crab density estimation
habitat by using !uardrat method. !uadrat of # m
%
size were ta*en for sampling. #
m
%
area was mar*ed in the field using meter scale. Then ( long nails were placed at
proper point by using hammer. Then, ( long nails were connected to each other with
the help of long thread. Then individual crabs were counted in each uadrat with in
the mentioned area.
RESULT:
Species Name Site 1 Site 2 Site 3
Scopimera sp 24 25 '%
CALCULATION:
0ence, the calculated density of shore crab at 6igha was"
7248258'%93': +2 no. 3 m
%


CONCLUTION:
In the sea shore of 6igha ' sites were selected randomly for calculating density
of shore crab by uadrat method. The numerical strength of a species in
relation to a definite unit space is called its density. 0ence, the calculated
density of a shore crab Scopimera sp at 6igha was +2 no. 3 m
%
. .or a single
species diversity estimation !uadrat size mainly depend on species no. )e
have studied uadrat method of crab Scopimera sp with in # m
%
area. In our
uadrat method some the following euations precautions should bewere
obeyed"
The field area under study should be free from abiotic ny disturbance.
-opulation size of each uadrat must be determined accurately.
Area of each uadrat must be *nown.
!uadrat conducted must be representative in the whole area.
SI;1I.I&A1&," !uadrat method is a significant tool in ecological studies where
density of slow moving animals or vegetation of a particular area is
determined. /oreover, data obtained from uadrat sampling can be used to
calculate diversity indices when multiple species are sampled. The present
investigation was a preliminary study of uadrat method that gave me the basic
idea of how it is done in field conditions.

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