Estimation of Density of Crab by Using Quadrat Method
A community is an assemblage of different species of a population in a which the
population constitute the individuals of a speciesparticular geographic area at a given . time. The observable variation in the point diversity of athe species population can be analyzed by means of certain ecological parameters which reflects the importance of the different species of in a community. It is related to the hypothesis that point diversity of a community is due to inter-relationship and complex interaction between different species population.. Such ecological values parameters are species density, relative abundance of species and relative dominance of species. A uadrate method where the sampling unit is a definite area in the form of a suare, rectangle or circle is applied for estimation of sampling. !uadrates are named according to the use. This are of the following types"- #. $ist !uadrat" - Species present in an area are listed. %. $ist &ount !uadrat" - Species are listed and counted numerically. '. &hart !uadrat" - The growth and distribution of each species in space is recorded. The individual are listed on a graph using a pantograph at regular intervals. (. &over !uadrat"-" - )hen the actual or relative coverage is recorded usually as percentage of ground area covered or shaded by vegetation ,vegetation the, the sample area is *nown as cover uadrate. +. ,xperimental -ermanent !uadrat" - This uadrate is left undisturbed and the area is studied for vegetation changes over a long period. REQUIRMENTS: #. $ong tradethread %. .our long nails '. /easuring tape (. 0ammer +. 1oteboo* 2. -en3-encil PROCEDURE: Three sites were selected randomly for the purpose of crab density estimation habitat by using !uardrat method. !uadrat of # m % size were ta*en for sampling. # m % area was mar*ed in the field using meter scale. Then ( long nails were placed at proper point by using hammer. Then, ( long nails were connected to each other with the help of long thread. Then individual crabs were counted in each uadrat with in the mentioned area. RESULT: Species Name Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Scopimera sp 24 25 '% CALCULATION: 0ence, the calculated density of shore crab at 6igha was" 7248258'%93': +2 no. 3 m %
CONCLUTION: In the sea shore of 6igha ' sites were selected randomly for calculating density of shore crab by uadrat method. The numerical strength of a species in relation to a definite unit space is called its density. 0ence, the calculated density of a shore crab Scopimera sp at 6igha was +2 no. 3 m % . .or a single species diversity estimation !uadrat size mainly depend on species no. )e have studied uadrat method of crab Scopimera sp with in # m % area. In our uadrat method some the following euations precautions should bewere obeyed" The field area under study should be free from abiotic ny disturbance. -opulation size of each uadrat must be determined accurately. Area of each uadrat must be *nown. !uadrat conducted must be representative in the whole area. SI;1I.I&A1&," !uadrat method is a significant tool in ecological studies where density of slow moving animals or vegetation of a particular area is determined. /oreover, data obtained from uadrat sampling can be used to calculate diversity indices when multiple species are sampled. The present investigation was a preliminary study of uadrat method that gave me the basic idea of how it is done in field conditions.
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