Lampiran Neraca Massa Dan Panas Prarancangan Pabrik Anilin Dari Nitrobenzene

LAMPIRAN A
PERHITUNGAN NERACA MASSA

Kapasitas Produksi
Hari Kerja
Basis Bahan Baku
=
=
=
=
=
Spesifikasi bahan baku
Spesifikasi Produk
62500
ton/tahun
7891.4141
kg/jam
hari
1 tahun = 330
24
jam
1 hari =
100 kg/jam
=
=
=
=
Nitrobenzen
Air
Di-Nitrobenzen
Benzen
= Anilin
= Air
Tabel Data Masing-masing Komponen

Komponen
Rumus Molekul
C6H5NO2
Nitrobenzen
H2 O
Air
C6H5NH2
Anilin
A.1
0.9930
0.0010
0.0010
0.0010
=
=
0.9900
0.0100
Titik Didih, oC
210.9
100
184.1
BM, kg/kmol
123
18
93
-259.2
301
80.1
-164
2
168
78
16
H2
C6H4NO2
C 6 H6
CH4
Hidrogen
Di-Nitrobenzen
Benzen
Metana
=
=
=
=
SEPARATOR
2
Separator
3
Basis
= 100
kg/jam
Asumsi
=
80% produk
Arus 2 (produk yang diinginkan):
79.4400
Nitrobenzen
=
H2 O
0.0800
=
0.0800
Di-Nitrobenzen
=
0.0800
Benzen
=
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
=
=
=
=
0.6459
0.0044
0.0005
0.0010
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
Arus 1 (umpan):
Nitrobenzen
H2 O
Di-Nitrobenzen
Benzen
Arus 3
Nitrobenzen
H2 O
Di-Nitrobenzen
Benzen
=
=
=
=
99.3000
0.1000
0.1000
0.1000
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
=
=
=
=
0.8073
0.0056
0.0006
0.0013
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
=
=
=
=
19.8600
0.0200
0.0200
0.0200
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
=
=
=
=
0.1615
0.0011
0.0001
0.0003
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
Tabel Neraca Massa Separator

Masuk (kg/jam)
Komponen
Arus 1
Nitrobenzen
99.3000
H2 O
0.1000
0.1000
Di-Nitrobenzen
Benzen
0.1000
Total
99.6000
Keluar (kg/jam)
Arus 2
Arus 3
79.4400
19.8600
0.0800
0.0200
0.0800
0.0200
0.0800
0.0200
79.6800
19.9200
99.6000
A.2 REAKTOR
4
Reaktor
Konversi
= 0.98
Bahan Baku yang Masuk kedalam Reaktor
C6H5NO2
79.4400
kg/jam
=
C6H4NO2
0.0800
kg/jam
=
C 6 H6
0.0800
kg/jam
=
H2 O
0.0800
kg/jam
=
=
=
=
=
Perbandingan mol Nitrobezen terhadap H2 = 1:3

H2
=
3.8751
kg/jam
=
CH4
=
0.00004
kg/jam
=
Bahan yang Bereaksi
C6H5NO2 yang bereaksi
=
=
Konversi
0.98
0.6459
0.0044
0.0005
0.0010
1.9376
0.000002
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
x C6H5NO2 yang masuk

79.4400
=
H2 O
C6H4NO2
C 6 H6
H2 yang bereaksi
CH4
Reaksi yang Reaksi

C6H5NO2
Mula-mula
0.6459
Bereaksi
0.6329
Sisa
0.0129
Produk yang Terbentuk
C6H5NH2
=
0.6329
H2 O
=
1.2659
kg/jam
0.6329
kmol/jam
= H2O yang masuk

=
0.08
kg/jam
0.0044
= C6H4NO2 yang masuk

=
0.08
kg/jam
0.0005
kmol/jam
= C6H6 yang masuk

=
0.08
kg/jam
0.001026
kmol/jam
= (3/1) x C6H5NO2 yang bereaksi

=
3.7976 kg/jam
=
1.8988
= CH4 yang masuk
=
0.00004
kg/jam
3H2
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
0.000002
C6H5NH2
1.9376
1.8988
0.0388
Neraca Massa Total Reaktor

Komponen
Masuk (kg/jam)
C6H5NO2
79.4400
C6H4NO2
0.0800
H2 O
0.0800
C 6 H6
0.0800
H2
3.8751
CH4
0.00004
C6H5NH2
H2 O
Total
83.5552
Bahan Yang Masuk
C6H5NO2
= 1.5888
C6H4NO2
= 0.0800
H2 O
= 0.0800
C 6 H6
= 0.0800
77.8512
0.6329
0.6329
=
=
58.8631
22.7857
=
=
=
=
0.0129
0.0005
0.0044
0.0010
2H2O
1.2659
1.2659
kg/jam
kg/jam
Keluar (kg/jam)
1.5888
0.0800
0.0800
0.0800
0.0775
0.00004
58.8631
22.7857
83.5552
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
H2
CH4
C6H5NH2
H2 O
=
=
=
=
0.0775
0.00004
58.8631
22.7857
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
=
=
=
=
0.0388
0.000002
0.3197
1.2659
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.0129
0.0005
0.0044
0.0010
0.0388
0.000002
0.3197
1.2659
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
1.5570
A.3 Flash Tank

5
Flash Tank
6
Komposisi Umpan Masuk
Bahan Yang Masuk
C6H5NO2
=
1.5888
C6H4NO2
=
0.0800
H2 O
=
0.0800
C 6 H6
=
0.0800
H2
=
0.0775
CH4
=
0.00004
C6H5NH2
=
58.8631
H2 O
=
22.7857
Komposisi Bahan yang Teruapkan
Nitrobenzen (C6H5NO2)
98% x C6H5NO2 yang masuk
Di-Nitrobenzen (C6H4NO2)
Air (H2O)
98% x H2O yang masuk
Benzen (C6H6)
98% x C6H6 yang masuk
Gas Hidrogen (H2)

100.0% x H2 yang masuk
Gas Metana (CH4)
kg/jam
0.0792
22.4084
0.0784
0.0127
kmol/jam
kg/jam
0.0005
kmol/jam
kg/jam
1.2449
kmol/jam
kg/jam
0.0010
kmol/jam
0.077502 kg/jam
0.0388
kmol/jam
100%
x CH4 yang masuk
0.00004
Anilin (C6H5NH2)
0.01%
x C6H5NH2 yang masuk
Komposisi Bahan Cair

Air (H2O)
2% x H2O yang masuk
Benzen (C6H6)
=
=
Anilin (C6H5NH2)
99.99% x C6H5NH2 yang masuk
Hidrogen (H2)
0.00%
x H2 yang masuk
Komponen
Masuk (kg/jam)
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
H2
CH4
C6H5NH2
1.5888
0.0800
22.8657
0.0800
0.0775
3.87516E-05
58.8631
Total
83.5552
Komponen
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
A
-54.494
-24.246
18.3036
15.9008
0.0059
kg/jam
0.031776 kg/jam
0.0008
0.0016
0.0000
kg/jam
0.457314 kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kmol/jam
0.0001
kmol/jam
0.0003
kmol/jam
0.000005
0.0254
kmol/jam
2.05E-05
kmol/jam
0.6329
0.00000
V
L
1.5570
0.0318
0.0792
0.0008
22.4084
0.4573
0.0784
0.0016
0.0775
3.87516E-05
0.0059
58.8572
24.2065
59.3487
83.5552
Antoine
C
29.321
16.344
-46.13
-52.36
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
Keluar (kg/jam)
B
-2112.3
-4114
3816.44
2788.51
kmol/jam
58.85722 kg/jam
kg/jam
0.000002
D
-0.0448
-0.0241
-
E
0.0000
0.0000
-
H2
CH4
C6H5NH2
13.6333
15.2243
16.6748
164.9
597.84
3857.52
(L/V) data
=
2.4518
Dengan menggunakan persamaan
Fi
Vi = ((L/V)/ki)+1
3.19
-7.16
-73.15
(L/V)data
Ai =
ki
ki =
T trial
= 139.5 C = 412.5 K
P sistem
=
760 mmHg
logP = A + B/T + ClogT + DT + ET2
Li =
Pi
P sistem
Fi
(1+(L/V)*ki)
Komponen
Fi (kmol)
Pi (mmHg)
ki
Ai
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
H2
CH4
C6H5NH2
0.0129
0.0005
1.2703
0.0010
0.0388
2.E-06
0.3197
101.6479
1.1463
2663.536
3492.8994
560527.74
936103.2
201.9982
0.1337
0.0015
3.5047
4.5959
737.5365
1231.7147
0.2658
18.3314
1625.5992
0.6996
0.5335
0.0033
0.0020
9.2246
Total
1.6432
Vi
%V
Li
%Li
0.0007
2.92752E-07
0.7474
0.0007
0.0386
2.41716E-06
0.0313
0.0008
3.57597E-07
0.9130
0.0008
0.0472
2.95257E-06
0.0382
0.0097
0.0005
0.1324
0.0001
2.14181E-05
8.01744E-10
0.1936
0.0289
0.0014
0.3938
0.0002
0.0001
2.38388E-09
0.5756
0.8187
1.0000
0.3363
1.0000
Fi
Vi total
=
(L/V)hitung
2.0072
=
2.4518
A.5 MENARA DISTILASI
Menara
Distilasi
Arus 6
Komponen
Kg/Jam
Kmol/Jam
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
0.0318
0.0008
0.4573
0.0016
58.8572
0.0003
4.7619E-06
0.0254
2.05128E-05
0.6329
Total
59.3487
0.6586
A. Massa Masuk Menara Distilasi pada Kondisi Bubble Point

T =
170.11 C
443.11 K ; P =
=
1 atm
Trial pada T akan dianggap benar apabila Syi = 1
Komponen
(Kmol/jam)
xi
Pi
ki
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
0.0003
4.7619E-06
0.0254
2.05128E-05
0.6329
0.0004
7.23075E-06
0.0386
3.11478E-05
0.9610
267.6120
5.5490
5942.6871
6402.8470
516.9484
0.5177
0.0107
11.4957
12.3859
1.0000
0.6586
H2 O
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
Total
yi
0.0002
7.76158E-08
0.4435
0.0004
0.9610
1.405
1.0000
0.0207
22.2064
23.9259
1.9317
760
mmHg
Jadi bisa disimpulkan bahwa suhu pemasukan umpan sebesar 170,11 C

B. Spesifikasi Hasil Yang Diinginkan
B.1 Distilat
Menentukan Massa Distilat
1. C6H5NO2
=
1%
x Massa
= 2.58E-06 kmol/jam
2. C6H4NO2
=
1%
x Massa
= 4.76E-08 kmol/jam
H
O
3.
= 99.00% x Massa
=
0.0252
kmol/jam
2
C 6 H6
4.
=
1%
x Massa
= 2.05E-07 kmol/jam
C6H5NH2
5.
=
1%
x Massa
=
0.0063
kmol/jam
Total
=
0.0315 kmol/jam
Menentukan Nilai xdi
1. C6H5NO2
= Massa Komponen
=
2.58E-06
0.0315
8.20552E-05
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
4.76E-08
0.0315
1.51249E-06
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
0.0252
0.0315
0.7989
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
2.05E-07
0.0315
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
0.0063
0.031484
0.2010
Massa Total
2. C6H4NO2
3. H2O
4. C6H6
6.
C6H5NH2
Menentukan Massa Bottom

1. C6H5NO2
=
99%
2. C6H4NO2
=
99%
3. H2O
=
1%
4.
C6H6
=
99%
C6H5NH2
5.
=
99%
Total
x
x
x
x
x
Menentukan Nilai xbi

1. C6H5NO2
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
2. C6H4NO2
3. H2O
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
Massa
Massa
Massa
Massa
Massa
=
0.0003
kmol/jam
= 4.71E-06 kmol/jam
=
0.0003
kmol/jam
= 2.03.E-05 kmol/jam
=
0.6265
kmol/jam
=
0.6271 kmol/jam
0.0003
0.6271
0.0004
4.71E-06
0.6271
0.0000
0.0004
= Massa Komponen
0.0003
=
4. C6H6
C6H5NH2
5.
Komponen
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
Total
Massa Total
0.6271
0.0004
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
2.0.E-05
0.6271
0.0000
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
0.626545
0.627079
0.9991
Massa
(Kmol/jam)
0.0003
4.7619E-06
0.0254
2.05128E-05
0.6329
0.6586
%
1%
1%
99%
1%
1%
Distilat
Massa
2.58341E-06
4.7619E-08
0.0252
2.05128E-07
0.0063
0.0315
xdi
8.20552E-05
1.51249E-06
0.7989
0
0.2010
1.0000
Massa
(Kmol/jam)
0.0003
4.7619E-06
0.0254
2.05.E-05
0.6329
0.6586
%
99%
99%
1%
99%
99%
Bottom
Massa
0.0003
4.71429E-06
0.0003
2.03.E-05
0.6265
0.6271
xbi
0.0004
7.51784E-06
0.0004
0.0000
0.9991
1.0000
Komponen
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C6H6
C6H5NH2
Total
C. Perhitungan Suhu Atas (Dew point)

Trial pada T akan dianggap benar apabila Sxi = 1
Pt =
T=
1
182.7943
Komponen
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
Total
atm
C
Massa
(kmol/jam)
2.58341E-06
4.7619E-08
0.0252
2.05128E-07
0.0063
0.0315
=
=
760
455.9443
yi=
m/m total
8.20552E-05
1.51249E-06
0.798894751
6.51535E-06
0.201015166
1
mmHg
K
Pi
382.3358
9.967046
8030.418
8034.002
733.2846
Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa T distilat adalah 182,7943C

D. Perhitungan Suhu Bawah (Bubble point)
ki=
Pi/P
0.5031
0.0131
10.5663
10.5711
0.9648
xi=
yi/ki
0.000163
0.000115
0.0756
6.16E-07
0.2083
0.284
i =
ki/k(HK)
1.0000
0.0261
21.0036
21.0129
1.9179
Trial pada T dianggap benar apabila Syi = 1

Pt =
T=
1
184.0100
Komponen
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C6H6
C6H5NH2
Total
atm
C
Massa
(kmol/jam)
0.0003
4.71429E-06
0.0003
2.03.E-05
0.6265
0.6271
=
=
760
mmHg
457.1599622 K
xi=
m/m total
0.0004
0.0000
0.0004
0.0000
0.9991
1
Pi
394.9502
10.51353
8254.673
8202.446
757.0548
ki=
Pi/P
0.519671
0.013834
10.86141
10.79269
0.996125
Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa T bottom adalah 172,5794C
Komponen
C 6 H6
H2 O
C6H5NH2
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
Total
Produk
Faktor Pengali
Massa Masuk
(kg/gr)
0.0016
0.4573
58.8572
0.0318
0.0008
59.3487
59.3487
Massa Keluar
Distilat
Bottom
2.E-05
2.E-03
0.4527
0.0046
0.5886
58.2686
0.0003
0.0315
8.E-06
0.0008
1.0417
58.3071
59.3487
58.2732
=
7891.4141
58.2732
135.4209
135.4209
yi=
xi.ki
0.000212
1.04E-07
0.004401
0.00035
0.995275
1.000
i =
ki/k(HK)
1.0000
0.0266
20.9005
20.7683
1.9168
A
ACA MASSA
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
mmHg
LAMPIRAN A
PERHITUNGAN NERACA MASSA
Kapasitas Produksi
Hari Kerja
Basis Bahan Baku
=
=
=
=
=
Spesifikasi bahan baku
Spesifikasi Produk
62500
ton/tahun
7891.4141
kg/jam
hari
1 tahun = 330
24
jam
1 hari =
100 kg/jam
=
=
=
=
Nitrobenzen
Air
Di-Nitrobenzen
Benzen
= Anilin
= Air
Tabel Data Masing-masing Komponen

Komponen
Rumus Molekul
C6H5NO2
Nitrobenzen
H2 O
Air
C6H5NH2
Anilin
A.1
0.9930
0.0010
0.0010
0.0010
=
=
0.9900
0.0100
Titik Didih, oC
210.9
100
184.1
BM, kg/kmol
123
18
93
-259.2
301
80.1
-164
2
168
78
16
H2
C6H4NO2
C 6 H6
CH4
Hidrogen
Di-Nitrobenzen
Benzen
Metana
=
=
=
=
SEPARATOR
2
Separator
3
Basis
= 100
kg/jam
Asumsi
=
80% produk
Arus 2 (produk yang diinginkan):
Nitrobenzen
= 10757.8363
H2 O
= 10.8337
Di-Nitrobenzen
= 10.8337
Benzen
= 10.8337
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
=
=
=
=
87.4621
0.6019
0.0645
0.1389
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
Arus 1 (umpan):
Nitrobenzen
H2 O
Di-Nitrobenzen
Benzen
Arus 3
Nitrobenzen
H2 O
Di-Nitrobenzen
Benzen
=
=
=
=
13447.2954
13.5421
13.5421
13.5421
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
=
=
=
=
109.3276
0.7523
0.0806
0.1736
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
=
=
=
=
2689.4591
2.7084
2.7084
2.7084
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
=
=
=
=
21.8655
0.1505
0.0161
0.0347
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
Tabel Neraca Massa Separator

Masuk (kg/jam)
Komponen
Arus 1
Nitrobenzen
13447.2954
H2 O
13.5421
13.5421
Di-Nitrobenzen
Benzen
13.5421
Total
13487.9216
Keluar (kg/jam)
Arus 2
Arus 3
10757.8363
2689.4591
10.8337
2.7084
10.8337
2.7084
10.8337
2.7084
10790.3373
2697.5843
13487.9216
A.2 REAKTOR
4
Reaktor
Konversi
= 0.98
Bahan Baku yang Masuk kedalam Reaktor
C6H5NO2
kg/jam
= 10757.8363
C6H4NO2
kg/jam
= 10.8337
C 6 H6
10.8337
kg/jam
=
H2 O
kg/jam
= 10.8337
=
=
=
=
Perbandingan mol Nitrobezen terhadap H2 = 1:3

H2
= 524.7725
kg/jam
=
CH4
=
0.00525
kg/jam
=
Bahan yang Bereaksi
C6H5NO2 yang bereaksi
=
=
Konversi
0.98
87.4621
0.6019
0.0645
0.1389
262.3863
0.000328
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
x C6H5NO2 yang masuk

10757.8363
=
H2 O
C6H4NO2
C 6 H6
H2 yang bereaksi
CH4
Reaksi yang Reaksi

C6H5NO2
Mula-mula
87.4621
Bereaksi
85.7128
Sisa
1.7492
Produk yang Terbentuk
C6H5NH2
= 85.7128
H2 O
= 171.4257
kg/jam
85.7128
kmol/jam
= H2O yang masuk

= 10.83367 kg/jam
0.6019
= C6H4NO2 yang masuk

= 10.83367 kg/jam
0.0645
kmol/jam
= C6H6 yang masuk

= 10.83367 kg/jam
0.138893
kmol/jam
= (3/1) x C6H5NO2 yang bereaksi

= 514.2771 kg/jam
= 257.1385
kmol/jam
= CH4 yang masuk

=
0.00525
kg/jam
3H2
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
0.000328
C6H5NH2
262.3863
257.1385
5.2477
Neraca Massa Total Reaktor

Komponen
Masuk (kg/jam)
C6H5NO2
10757.8363
C6H4NO2
10.8337
H2 O
10.8337
C 6 H6
10.8337
H2
524.7725
CH4
0.00525
C6H5NH2
H2 O
Total
11315.1151
Bahan Yang Masuk
C6H5NO2
= 215.1567
C6H4NO2
= 10.8337
H2 O
= 10.8337
C 6 H6
= 10.8337
10542.68
85.7128
85.7128
=
=
7971.2943
3085.6623
=
=
=
=
1.7492
0.0645
0.6019
0.1389
2H2O
171.4257
171.4257
kg/jam
kg/jam
Keluar (kg/jam)
215.1567
10.8337
10.8337
10.8337
10.4955
0.00525
7971.2943
3085.6623
11315.1151
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
H2
CH4
C6H5NH2
H2 O
=
=
=
=
10.4955
0.00525
7971.2943
3085.6623
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
=
=
=
=
5.2477
0.000328
43.2987
171.4257
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
1.7492
0.0645
0.6019
0.1389
5.2477
0.000328
43.2987
171.4257
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
A.3 Flash Tank

5
Flash Tank
6
Komposisi Umpan Masuk
Bahan Yang Masuk
C6H5NO2
=
215.1567
C6H4NO2
=
10.8337
H2 O
=
10.8337
C 6 H6
=
10.8337
H2
=
10.4955
CH4
=
0.00525
C6H5NH2
=
7971.2943
H2 O
=
3085.6623
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
Komposisi Bahan yang Teruapkan

210.8536 kg/jam
10.72534 kg/jam
Air (H2O)
98% x H2O yang masuk
3034.5661
Benzen (C6H6)
10.617
Gas Hidrogen (H2)

100.0% x H2 yang masuk
Gas Metana (CH4)
kg/jam
1.7143
kmol/jam
0.0638
kmol/jam
168.5870
kmol/jam
kg/jam
0.1361
kmol/jam
10.49545 kg/jam
5.2477
kmol/jam
100%
x CH4 yang masuk
0.00525
kg/jam
kg/jam
Anilin (C6H5NH2)
0.01%
x C6H5NH2 yang masuk
Komposisi Bahan Cair

4.303135 kg/jam
0.108337 kg/jam
Air (H2O)
2% x H2O yang masuk
Benzen (C6H6)
Komponen
Masuk (kg/jam)
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
H2
CH4
C6H5NH2
215.1567
10.8337
3096.4960
10.8337
10.4955
0.005247778
7971.2943
Total
11315.1151
Komponen
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
A
-54.494
-24.246
18.3036
15.9008
kmol/jam
0.0086
kmol/jam
0.0350
kmol/jam
0.000645
kmol/jam
61.92992 kg/jam
3.4406
kmol/jam
0.216673 kg/jam
0.002778
kmol/jam
Anilin (C6H5NH2)
99.99% x C6H5NH2 yang masuk
Hidrogen (H2)
0.00%
x H2 yang masuk
0.7971
0.000328
0.0000
7970.497 kg/jam
kg/jam
85.7043
0.00000
kmol/jam
Keluar (kg/jam)
V
L
210.8536
4.3031
10.7253
0.1083
3034.5661
61.9299
10.6170
0.2167
10.4955
0.005247778
0.7971
7970.4972
3278.0598
8037.0552
11315.1151
B
-2112.3
-4114
3816.44
2788.51
Antoine
C
29.321
16.344
-46.13
-52.36
kmol/jam
D
-0.0448
-0.0241
-
E
0.0000
0.0000
-
H2
CH4
C6H5NH2
13.6333
15.2243
16.6748
164.9
597.84
3857.52
(L/V) data
=
2.4518
Dengan menggunakan persamaan
Fi
Vi = ((L/V)/ki)+1
3.19
-7.16
-73.15
(L/V)data
Ai =
ki
ki =
T trial
= 139.5 C = 412.5 K
P sistem
=
760 mmHg
logP = A + B/T + ClogT + DT + ET2
Li =
Pi
P sistem
Fi
(1+(L/V)*ki)
Komponen
Fi (kmol)
Pi (mmHg)
ki
Ai
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
H2
CH4
C6H5NH2
1.7492
0.0645
172.0276
0.1389
5.2477
3.E-04
43.2987
101.6479
1.1463
2663.536
3492.8994
560527.74
936103.2
201.9982
0.1337
0.0015
3.5047
4.5959
737.5365
1231.7147
0.2658
18.3314
1625.5992
0.6996
0.5335
0.0033
0.0020
9.2246
Total
222.5269
Vi
%V
Li
%Li
0.0905
3.96448E-05
101.2179
0.0906
5.2303
0.000327335
4.2348
0.0008
3.57597E-07
0.9130
0.0008
0.0472
2.95257E-06
0.0382
1.3173
0.0642
17.9333
0.0113
0.002900463
1.08573E-07
26.2154
0.0289
0.0014
0.3938
0.0002
0.0001
2.38388E-09
0.5756
110.8644
1.0000
45.5445
1.0000
Fi
Vi total
=
(L/V)hitung
2.0072
=
0.0181
A.5 MENARA DISTILASI
Menara
Distilasi
Arus 6
Komponen
Kg/Jam
Kmol/Jam
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
4.3031
0.1083
61.9299
0.2167
7970.4972
0.0350
0.000644861
3.4406
0.002777865
85.7043
Total
8037.0552
89.1832
A. Massa Masuk Menara Distilasi pada Kondisi Bubble Point

T =
170.11 C
443.11 K ; P =
=
1 atm
Trial pada T akan dianggap benar apabila Syi = 1
Komponen
(Kmol/jam)
xi
Pi
ki
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
0.0350
0.000644861
3.4406
0.002777865
85.7043
0.0004
7.23075E-06
0.0386
3.11478E-05
0.9610
267.6120
5.5490
5942.6871
6402.8470
516.9484
0.5177
0.0107
11.4957
12.3859
1.0000
89.1832
H2 O
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
Total
yi
0.0002
7.76158E-08
0.4435
0.0004
0.9610
1.405
1.0000
0.0207
22.2064
23.9259
1.9317
760
mmHg
Jadi bisa disimpulkan bahwa suhu pemasukan umpan sebesar 170,11 C

B. Spesifikasi Hasil Yang Diinginkan
B.1 Distilat
Menentukan Massa Distilat
1. C6H5NO2
=
1%
x Massa
= 0.00035 kmol/jam
2. C6H4NO2
=
1%
x Massa
= 6.45E-06 kmol/jam
H
O
3.
= 99.00% x Massa
=
3.4061
kmol/jam
2
C 6 H6
4.
=
1%
x Massa
= 2.78E-05 kmol/jam
C6H5NH2
5.
=
1%
x Massa
=
0.8570
kmol/jam
Total
=
4.2636 kmol/jam
Menentukan Nilai xdi
1. C6H5NO2
= Massa Komponen
=
0.00035
4.2636
8.20552E-05
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
6.45E-06
4.2636
1.51249E-06
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
3.4061
4.2636
0.7989
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
2.78E-05
4.2636
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
0.8570
4.263572
0.2010
Massa Total
2. C6H4NO2
3. H2O
4. C6H6
6.
C6H5NH2
Menentukan Massa Bottom

1. C6H5NO2
=
99%
2. C6H4NO2
=
99%
3. H2O
=
1%
4.
C6H6
=
99%
C6H5NH2
5.
=
99%
Total
x
x
x
x
x
Menentukan Nilai xbi

1. C6H5NO2
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
2. C6H4NO2
3. H2O
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
Massa
Massa
Massa
Massa
Massa
=
0.0346
kmol/jam
= 0.000638 kmol/jam
=
0.0344
kmol/jam
= 2.75.E-03 kmol/jam
= 84.8472 kmol/jam
= 84.9197 kmol/jam
0.0346
84.9197
0.0004
0.000638
84.9197
0.0000
0.0004
= Massa Komponen
0.0344
=
4. C6H6
C6H5NH2
5.
Komponen
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
Total
Komponen
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C6H6
C6H5NH2
Total
Massa Total
84.9197
0.0004
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
2.8.E-03
84.9197
0.0000
= Massa Komponen
Massa Total
84.84723
84.91966
0.9991
Massa
(Kmol/jam)
0.0350
0.000644861
3.4406
0.002777865
85.7043
89.1832
%
1%
1%
99%
1%
1%
Distilat
Massa
0.000349848
6.44861E-06
3.4061
2.77786E-05
0.8570
4.2636
xdi
8.20552E-05
1.51249E-06
0.7989
0
0.2010
1.0000
Massa
(Kmol/jam)
0.0350
0.000644861
3.4406
2.78.E-03
85.7043
89.1832
%
99%
99%
1%
99%
99%
Bottom
Massa
0.0346
0.000638413
0.0344
2.75.E-03
84.8472
84.9197
xbi
0.0004
7.51784E-06
0.0004
0.0000
0.9991
1.0000
C. Perhitungan Suhu Atas (Dew point)

Trial pada T akan dianggap benar apabila Sxi = 1
Pt =
T=
1
182.7943
Komponen
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
Total
atm
C
Massa
(kmol/jam)
0.000349848
6.44861E-06
3.4061
2.77786E-05
0.8570
4.2636
=
=
760
455.9443
yi=
m/m total
8.20552E-05
1.51249E-06
0.798894751
6.51535E-06
0.201015166
1
mmHg
K
Pi
382.3358
9.967046
8030.418
8034.002
733.2846
Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa T distilat adalah 182,7943C

D. Perhitungan Suhu Bawah (Bubble point)
ki=
Pi/P
0.5031
0.0131
10.5663
10.5711
0.9648
xi=
yi/ki
0.000163
0.000115
0.0756
6.16E-07
0.2083
0.284
i =
ki/k(HK)
1.0000
0.0261
21.0036
21.0129
1.9179
Trial pada T dianggap benar apabila Syi = 1

Pt =
T=
1
184.0100
Komponen
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C6H6
C6H5NH2
Total
atm
C
Massa
(kmol/jam)
0.0346
0.000638413
0.0344
2.75.E-03
84.8472
84.9197
=
=
760
mmHg
457.1599622 K
xi=
m/m total
0.0004
0.0000
0.0004
0.0000
0.9991
1
Pi
394.9502
10.51353
8254.673
8202.446
757.0548
ki=
Pi/P
0.519671
0.013834
10.86141
10.79269
0.996125
Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa T bottom adalah 172,5794C
Komponen
C 6 H6
H2 O
C6H5NH2
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
Total
Massa Masuk
(kg/gr)
0.2167
61.9299
7970.4972
4.3031
0.1083
8037.0552
8037.0552
Massa Keluar
Distilat
Bottom
2.E-03
2.E-01
61.3106
0.6193
79.7050
7890.7922
0.0430
4.2601
1.E-03
0.1073
141.0619
7895.9934
8037.0552
yi=
xi.ki
0.000212
1.04E-07
0.004401
0.00035
0.995275
1.000
i =
ki/k(HK)
1.0000
0.0266
20.9005
20.7683
1.9168
A
ACA MASSA
0.98
0.98
yield
konversii
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
mmHg
LAMPIRAN B
NERACA PANAS
Sebagai Basis Perhitungan
Kapasitas Produksi
=
62500 Ton/Tahun
Hari Kerja
= 330 Hari
Produksi Aniline Perjam=
7891.4141
Kg/Jam
Basis Waktu
= 1 Jam
Satuan Massa
= Kg
Satuan Panas
= kJ
Satuan Cp
= kJ/mol
o
= 25 C (298,15K)
Suhu Referensi
Data Data yang Diperlukan

Kapasitas panas gas, cairan dan padatan
Cp = A + BT + CT2 + DT3 + ET4 (kJ/kmol. K)
Sehingga Cp dT
AT
B 2 C 3 D 4 E 5
T T T T
2
3
4
5
keterangan
Cp
= kapasitas panas (kJ/kmol K)
A, B, C, D, E= konstanta
T
= suhu (K)
Komponen
H2
C 6 H6
H2 O
C6H5NH2
C6H5NO2
C 6 H4 N2 O4
27.1430
9.2730E-03 -1.3800E-05 7.6450E-09
-31.3860
0.4746
-3.11E-04 8.5240E-08 -5.0524E-12
32.243
1.9230E-03 1.0550E-05 -3.5960E-09
-22.0620
0.5731
-4.57E-04 -1.8410E-07 -2.9867E-11
-16.2020
0.5618
-3.93E-04 -1.0040E-07 -1.2252E-12
18.1480
0.5618
-3.93E-04 1.0040E-07 -1.2252E-12
CH4
34.9420 -3.9957E-02 -1.9184E-04 -1.5300E-07 3.9321E-11
Sumber Yaws dan Coulson
Data kapasitas panas untuk liquid
Komponen
H2
C 6 H6
H2 O
C6H5NH2
CH4
C6H5NO2
C 6 H4 N2 O4
28.8400
-33.6620
18.2964
46.9480
-0.0180
39.4730
-12.6350
0.00765
0.4743
0.4721
0.9896
1.1982
0.9128
1.5624
3.29E-01
-0.0036
-1.3388E-03
-2.3583E-03
-9.8722E-03
-0.0021
-2.9981E-03
-8.70E-10
3.8243E-06
1.3142E-06
2.3296E-06
3.1670E-05
2.0093E-06
2.3171E-06
Sumber Yaws dan Himmelblau
Kapasitas panas untuk Cooper Carbonate dicari dengan pendekatan pada

Perrys 7th Edition tabel 2-393
Elemen Solid ,J/mol C
Cu
26
C
7.5
O
16.7
H
9.6
Sehingga Kapasitas Panas CuCO3.Cu(OH)2 adalah
Cp CuCO3.Cu(OH)2=
162.2
J/mol C Treff =
20
Data entalpi pembentukan

Komponen Hf (Kj/mol)
H2
0
C 6 H6
82.9
H2 O
-241.826
C6H5NH2
86.86
CH4
-74.5
C6H5NO2
67.6
C 6 H4 N2 O4
50.8
Sumber Yaws an Himmelblau
Data berat molekul
Komponen
Rumus molekul
H2
Hidrogen
C6 H6
Benzene
H2 O
Air
C6H5NH2
Anilin
CH4
Metana
C6H5NO2
Nitrobenzen
C 6 H4 N 2 O4
Di-Nitrobenzen
BM
2
78
18
93
16
123
168
Data bilangan Antoine

Komponen
C6H5NO2
C 6 H4 N2 O4
A
-54.494
-24.246
B
-2112.3
-4114
Antoine
C
29.321
16.344
D
-0.0448
-0.0241
E
0.00002
0.00001
H2 O
C 6 H6
H2
CH4
C6H5NH2
18.3036
15.9008
13.6333
15.2243
16.6748
3816.44
2788.51
164.9
597.84
3857.52
-46.13
-52.36
3.19
-7.16
-73.15
B.1 Heater (E-114)

Fungsi : Mengubah fase Hidrogen cair menjadi uap Hidrogen
Tujuan
Menaikkan suhu feed menjadi 250oC

Q3
Qsteam
Q1
Q2
Neraca Energi
H = Hout - Hin
Hin = Hpendingin + Hout
1. Menghitung Panas Sensibel Masuk Heater, Q1
Massa
n
Komponen
(kg)
(kmol)
H2
524.7727
262.3863
CH4
0.0052
0.0003
Tin
Tref
30
25
C=
303.15
C=
298.15
H2
303.15
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
303.15
= 262.3863
27.1430T + 9.2730E-03 T2 - 1.3800E-05 T3 + 7.6450E-09 T4 dT
298.15
= 262.3863 27.1430
+
303.15 -
298.15
-1.3800E-05
3
303.15
3
298.15
303.15
=
298.15
40129.7403
kJ/jam
+
3
9.27E-03
2
303.15
2
+
7.6450E-09
4
298.15
CH4
303.15
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
303.15
34.942
T-3.9957E-02 T2 - 1.9184E-04 T3-1.53E-07 T4+3.9321E-11 T5
dT
= 0.000328
298.15
= 0.000328 34.9420
+
303.15 -
298.15
-1.9184E-04
3
303.15
3
298.15
303.15
298.15
0.1520
-0.04
2
+
3
3.9321E-11
5
303.15
298.15
-1.5300E-07
4
303.15
298.15
kJ/jam
Q1 = Q H2 + Q CH4
=
40129.7403 +
0.1520
= 40129.8923 kJ/jam
2. Menghitung Panas Sensibel Keluar Heater, Q2
*Hout
Tout
Tref
=
=
250
25
C=
523.15
C=
298.15
H2
523.15
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
523.15
= 262.3863
27.1430T + 9.2730E-03 T2 - 1.3800E-05 T3 + 7.6450E-09 T4 dT
298.15
= 262.3863 27.1430
+
523.15 -
298.15
-1.3800E-05
3
523.15
3
298.15
523.15
= 1720025.5993
298.15
+
3
9.27E-03
2
523.15
2
+
298.15
7.6450E-09
4
kJ/jam
CH4
523.15
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
523.15
= 0.000328
34.942 T-3.9957E-02 T2 - 1.9184E-04 T3-1.53E-07 T4+3.9321E-11 T5dT
298.15
= 0.000328 34.9420
+
523.15 -
298.15
-1.9184E-04
3
523.15
3
298.15
-0.04
2
+
3
523.15
-1.5300E-07
4
298.15
523.15
=
4.75040
298.15
3.9321E-11
5
523.15
298.15
kJ/jam
Q2 = Q H2 + Q CH4
= 1720025.59928 +
4.75040
= 1720030.34968 kJ/jam
3. Menghitung Kebutuhan Pemanas, Q3

Q3 = Q2 - Q1
= 1720030.3497 40129.8923
= 1679900.4574 kJ/jam
Kebutuhan panas Heater sebesar
1679900.4574 kJ, panas disupply menggunakan

o
Saturated steam, dengan suhu 300 C dengan tekanan 1 atm, dari properties of saturated
water and saturated steam up to 1 atm, stoichiometry 2004 diperoleh data:
steam = 909.99 kJ/kg
Sehingga :
Q3 = m.steam
Massa steam
= Q3 =
steam
1679900.4574 kJ/mol=
909.99
kJ/kg
1846.0647
Neraca Panas Total dalam Heater

Panas masuk
Panas keluar
Komponen
(kJ/jam)
(kJ/jam)
Q H2
40129.7403
1720025.5993
Q CH4
0.15198
4.7504
Q Steam
Total
1679900.4574
1720030.3497
1720030.3497
B.2. VAPORIZER (V-130)

Fungsi
: Menguapkan bahan baku Nitrobenzene sebelum
masuk reaktor
Tujuan
: - Menentukan Suhu Keluar (T out) Vaporizer.
- Menghitung kebutuhan pemanas
Arus 3
204.45 oC
Arus 2
o
30
C
Steam 250
Qs
Steam 250
kg/jam
1. Penentuan Kondisi Operasi Vaporizer (E-121)

Data Komponen Masuk
M
Komponen
(kg)
C6H5NO2 13447.2999
C6H4N2O4 13.5420945
13.5420945
H2 O
13.5420945
C 6 H6
n
(kmol)
109.3276
0.0806
0.7523
0.1736
Menentukan Suhu Keluar (T out) Vaporizer

Menentukan Kondisi Dew Point
Kondisi Operasi
P
=
T
=
1
atm = 760.0 mmHg
210.82 oC = 483.97 K
Tabel Perhitungan Tekanan Dew Point

n
Pi sat
Komponen
xi
kmol/jam
mmHg
C6H5NO2 0.8073 0.9909
766.9869
C6H4N2O4 0.0006 0.0007
31.3712
0.0013 0.0016
12582.7631
H2 O
0.0056 0.0068
14575.28479
C 6 H6
Total
0.8147 1.0000
Ki
Pi sat/P
1.0092
0.0413
16.5563
19.1780
yi
Ki/xi
0.9819
0.0177
0.0001
0.0004
1.0000
Menentukan Kondisi Bubble Point

Kondisi Operasi
P
= 1
atm = 760.0 mmHg
T
= 204.45 oC = 477.60 K
Tabel Perhitungan Tekanan Bubble Point
n
Pi sat
Komponen
xi
kmol/jam
mmHg
C6H5NO2 0.8073 0.9909
660.6744
C6H4N2O4 0.0006 0.0007
24.5323
0.0013 0.0016
11422.0738
H2 O
0.0056 0.0068
12815.31724
C 6 H6
Total
0.8147 1.0000
Ki
Pi sat/P
0.8693
0.0323
15.0290
16.8623
Suhu keluar vaporizer merupakan suhu pada kondisi operasinya yaitu

pada kondisi bubble point T out = 204.45 oC = 477.60 K
Perhitungan Neraca Panas pada Vaporizer (V-130)
a. Panas Sensibel Cairan Masuk, Q1
T Larutan =
30
C
T reff
=
25
yi
Ki.xi
0.8614
0.0000
0.0236
0.1150
1.0000
303.15
298.15
C6H5NO2
303.15
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
= 109.328 39.47 303.15
-0.0021
3
303.15
3
97189.7934 kJ/jam
C 6 H4 N2 O4
303.15
Q = n
298.15
0.0806
298.15
298.15
0.9128
2
+
3
303.15
2.01E-06
4
303.15
4
1.56240
2
2.32E-06
4
303.15
4
298.15
-
298.15
Cp dT
-12.6
303.15 -
-3.E-03
3
303.15
3
= 318.8357 kJ/jam
+
298.15
298.15
303.15
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H6
303.15
Q = n
298.15
0.1736 -33.6620
+
Cp dT
303.15 -
#######
3
303.15
3
467.9
kJ/jam
0.4743
2
298.15
298.15
303.15
3.82E-06
4
303.15
4
298.15
-
298.15
H2 O
303.15
Q = n
298.15
0.7523
18.2964
303.15 -
#######
3
303.15
3
281.8968 kJ/jam
+
=
Cp dT
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.4721
2
1.31E-06
4
303.15
4
Panas sensibel masuk, Q1

Q1 = Q C6H5NO2 + Q C6H4N2O4 + Q C6H6 + H2O
Q1=
97189.7934 +
318.8357
+
467.8883
Q1=
98258.4142 kJ/jam
b. Panas Laten Penguapan Komponen, Q
303.15
298.15
-
281.8968
298.15
kJ/jam
2
4
Komponen
Tb (K)
Tc (K)
C6H5NO2 483.9500
C6H4N2O4 572.0000
353.2400
H2 O
373.1500
C 6 H6
719.0000
803.0000
562.1600
647.4000
Hv (Kj/mol)
44.0800
61.5600
30.7500
40.6800
Yaws
Yaws
Yaws
Himmelblau
Untuk menghitung entalpi panas penguapan (Hv) digunakan Persamaan Watson:

H2
1 - Tr2 0.38
(Pers 4.13 Smith Van Ness, 200)
=
H1
1 - Tr1
H2 = H1
H1
H2
Tr2
Tr1
T1
T2
dimana:
1
1
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
- Tr2 0.38
- Tr1
Panas laten penguapan pada titik didih normal (kJ/kmol)
Panas laten penguapan pada suhu T2 (kJ/kmol)
T2/TC
(K)
T1/TC
(K)
Titik didih normal komponen (K)
Suhu tertentu
= 210.82 oC = 483.97 K
T dew
C6H5NO2
H2 = H1 x
1 1 1
x
1
Tr2
Tr1
483.97 719.0000 0.38 =

- 483.9500 719.0000
H2 =
44.08
Hv =
0.8073 kmol/jam x
44.0786
kJ/kmol =
44.0786
35.5854
kJ/kmol
kJ/jam
C 6 H4 N2 O4
H2 = H1 x
1 1 1
x
1
Tr2
Tr1
0.38
483.97 803.0000 0.38 =

- 572.0000 803.0000
H2 =
61.56
Hv =
0.0006 kmol/jam x
0.38
69.5956
kJ/kmol =
69.5956
0.0414
kJ/kmol
kJ/jam
C 6 H6
H2 = H1 x
H2 =
30.75
1 1 -
1
1
Tr2
Tr1
0.38
483.97 562.1600 0.38 =

- 353.2400 562.1600
21.1666
kJ/kmol
Hv =
0.0013 kmol/jam x
21.1666
kJ/kmol =
0.0271
kJ/jam
H2 O
H2 = H1 x
Tr2
Tr1
1 1 1
x
1
0.38
483.97 647.4000 0.38 =

- 373.1500 647.4000
H2 =
40.68
Hv =
0.0056 kmol/jam x
33.4158
kJ/kmol =
Q2= Q C6H5NO2 + Q C6H4N2O4 + Q C6H6 + Q H2O

Q2=
35.5854
+
0.0414
+
0.0271
Q2=
35.8396
kJ/jam
c. Panas Sensibel Uap Keluar (Q3)
T uap
=
204.45
C
=
477.6
K
T reff
=
=
25
298.15
33.4158
kJ/kmol
0.1856
kJ/jam
0.1856
kJ/jam
C
K
C6H5NO2
477.60
Q = n
298.15
Cp dT
= 109.3276 -16.2
-4.E-04
3
477.60
477.60
298.15
298.15
0.5618
2
477.60
1.00E-07
4
477.60
4
0.56182
2
1.00E-07
4
477.60
4
298.15
298.15
#######
5
5
477.60
- 298.15
5
5259818.8569 kJ/jam
=
+
C 6 H4 N2 O4
477.60
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
0.0806
18.1
-4.E-04
3
477.60
477.60 3
298.15
298.15
#######
5
5
477.60
- 298.15
5
2633.8489
=
kJ/jam
+
C 6 H6
477.60
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
477.60
Q = n
298.15
Cpg dT
0.1736 -31.3860
+
477.60 -
#######
3
477.60
3
#######
5
477.60
5
= 6410.1414 kJ/jam
+
0.4746
2
298.15
298.15
298.15
477.60
8.52E-08
4
477.60
4
298.15
-
298.15
H2 O
477.60
Q = n
298.15
0.7523
Cp dT
32.2430
477.60 -
1.06E-05
3
477.60
3
= 6179.9152 kJ/jam
+
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.0019
2
#######
4
477.60
4
Q3 = Q C6H5NO2 + Q C6H4N2O4 + Q C6H6 + Q H2O

Q3= 5259818.8569 +
2633.8489
+
6410.1414
Q3= 5275042.7623 kJ/jam
d. Panas yang dibutuhkan oleh pemanas
Q1+Q4 = Q2+Q3
Q4 = (Q2+Q3)-Q1
Q4 =
35.8396
+ 5275042.7623 Q4 = 5176820.1877 (kJ/jam)
477.60
98258.4142
6179.9152
298.15
kJ/jam
(kJ/jam)
Sebagai pemanas digunakan steam yaitu saturated steam pada suhu 300oC dan
dan tekanan 1 atm.
Dari properties of saturated water and saturated steam up to 1 atm, stoichiometry 2004
=
909.99
kJ/kg
Sehingga:
Q4
5176820.1877 kJ/jam
=
=
909.99
kJ/kg
msteam =
5688.8759 kg/jam
(V-130)
Tabel Neraca Panas Vaporizer
Komponen Q in (kJ/jam)
Q out (kJ/jam)
C6H5NO2
97189.7934
C 6 H4 N2 O4
318.8357
-
298.15
4
C 6 H6
H2 O
Q preheating
Q vaporizing
Q steam
Total
467.8883
281.8968
5176820.1877
5275078.6019
5275042.7623
35.8396
5275078.6019
B.3. SEPARATOR (H-120)

Fungsi : Memisahkan fase gas dan fase cair yang terbentuk
:
Menghitung panas setiap arus

Arus 4
204 oC
Arus 3
204 oC
Separator
Tujuan
Arus 5
204 oC
Neraca Energi
Q in =
3
=
dimana: 3 =
4=
5=
Q out
4+ 5
Panas sensibel gas masuk separator, Q1
Panas sensibel gas keluar separator, Q2
Panas sensibel cairan keluar separator, Q3
Untuk menghitug panas masing-masing arus digunakan persamaan:

dimana: Q=H=n_(T_reff)^TC_(p ) dT
_(T reff )^TC_p dT= [(Ax(T-T_reff ))+(B/2 x(T^2-T_reff^ ))+(C/3 x(T^3T_reff ))
+(D/4 x(T^4-T_reff))+(E/5 x(T^5-T_reff))]
1. Panas Sensibel Gas Masuk, Q1

Panas sensibel yang masuk Separator sama dengan panas gas yang keluar Vaporizer .
Q1 = 5275042.7623 kJ/jam
2. Panas Sensibel Gas Keluar, Q2
Komposisi arus 4:
C6H5NO2
= 10757.8399 kg/jam
C 6 H4 N2 O4
= 10.83368 kg/jam
C 6 H6
10.83368 kg/jam
=
=
=
=
87.4621 kmol/jam
0.0645 kmol/jam
0.1389 kmol/jam
H2 O
10.83368
kg/jam
0.6019 kmol/jam
C6H5NO2
477.60
Q = n
Cpg dT
298.15
477.60
= 87.4621
-16.2020 T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 - 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T4
dT
298.15
= 87.4621 -16.2020
477.60 -
#######
3
477.60
3
#######
5
477.60
5
= 4207855.0855 kJ/jam
C 6 H4 N2 O4
+
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.5618
2
477.60
#######
4
477.60
4
298.15
298.15
477.60
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
477.60
0.0645
18.1480 T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 + 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T5 dT
298.15
0.0645
+
18.1480
477.60 -
#######
3
477.60
3
#######
5
477.60
5
2118.1309 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.56182
2
1.00E-07
4
477.60
4
477.60
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H6
477.60
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
477.60
0.1389
-31.3860 T + 0.4746 T2 - 3.11E-4 T3 + 8.524E-8 T4 - 5.0524E-12 T5dT
298.15
0.1389 -31.3860
+
#######
3
477.60
3
#######
5
477.60
5
5128.1131 kJ/jam
+
=
477.60 -
H2 O
298.15
298.15
298.15
3
5
0.47460
2
8.52E-08
4
477.60
4
477.60
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
477.60
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
477.60
0.6019
298.15
0.6019
32.243 T + 1.923E-3 T2 + 1.055E-5 T3 - 3.596E-9 T4 dT
32.2430
477.60 -
1.06E-05
3
477.60
3
3713.5975 kJ/jam
+
=
Q2 =
=
298.15
298.15
4207855.0855 + 2118.1309 +
4218814.9270 kJ/jam
Sehingga, panas keluar separator:

Q1 = Q2 + Q3
Q3 = Q1 - Q2
= 5275042.7623 - 4218814.9270
0.00192
2
#######
4
477.60
4
5128.1131
477.60
Tabel Neraca Massa Separator (H-120)

Panas masuk (kJ/jam)
Panas keluar (kJ/jam)
Komponen
Arus 3
Arus 4
Arus 5
Q C6H5NO2
5259818.8569
4207855.0855 1051963.7714
Q C 6 H4 N2 O4
2633.8489
2118.1309
515.7179
Q C 6 H6
6410.1414
5128.1131
1282.0283
Q H2 O
6179.9152
3713.5975
2466.3177
4218814.9270 1056227.8353
Total
5275042.7623
5275042.7623
Tujuan
Menaikkan suhu menjadi 250 C

Q3
Q1
Neraca Energi
Qsteam
Q2
298.15
-
3713.5975
= 1056227.8353 kkal/jam
B.4 Heater (E-114)

Fungsi : Menaikkan suhu uap Nitrobenzen
298.15
2
4
H = Hout - Hin
M
n
Komponen
(kg)
(kmol)
C6H5NO2 10757.8399
87.4621
C6H4N2O4 10.83368
0.0806
10.83368
0.7523
H2 O
10.83368
0.1736
C 6 H6
*Hin
Tin
Tref
204
25
C=
477.60
C=
298.15
C6H5NO2
477.60
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
477.60
-16.2020
T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 - 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T4 dT
= 87.4621
298.15
= 87.4621 -16.2020
+
477.60 -
#######
3
477.60
3
#######
5
477.60
5
4207855.0855 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.5618
2
477.60
#######
4
477.60
4
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H4 N2 O4
477.60
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
477.60
0.0806
298.15
0.0806
+
18.1480
477.60 -
#######
3
477.60
3
#######
5
477.60
5
2633.8489 kJ/jam
+
=
18.1480 T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 + 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T5 dT
C 6 H6
298.15
298.15
298.15
3
5
0.56182
2
1.00E-07
4
477.60
4
477.60
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
477.60
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
477.60
-31.3860 T + 0.4746 T2 - 3.11E-4 T3 + 8.524E-8 T4 - 5.0524E-12 T5dT
0.1736
298.15
0.1736 -31.3860
+
477.60 -
#######
3
477.60
3
#######
5
477.60
5
6410.1414 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.47460
2
8.52E-08
4
477.60
4
477.60
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
H2 O
477.60
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
477.60
0.7523
298.15
0.7523
32.243 T + 1.923E-3 T2 + 1.055E-5 T3 - 3.596E-9 T4 dT
32.2430
477.60 -
1.06E-05
3
477.60
3
4641.9969 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
0.00192
2
#######
4
477.60
4
477.60
298.15
-
298.15
2
4

= 4221541.0726 kJ/jam
*Hout
Tin
Tref
250
25
C=
523.15
C=
298.15
C6H5NO2
523.15
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
523.15
= 87.4621
-16.2020
T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 - 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T4 dT
298.15
= 87.4621 -16.2020
+
#######
3
523.15
3
#######
5
523.15
5
5706082.1206 kJ/jam
+
=
523.15 -
298.15
298.15
298.15
3
5
+
+
0.5618
2
523.15
#######
4
523.15
4
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H4 N2 O4
523.15
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
523.15
18.1480 T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 + 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T5 dT
0.0806
298.15
0.0806
+
18.1480
523.15 -
#######
3
523.15
3
#######
5
523.15
5
3417.6783 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.56182
2
1.00E-07
4
523.15
4
523.15
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H6
523.15
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
523.15
-31.3860 T + 0.4746 T2 - 3.11E-4 T3 + 8.524E-8 T4 - 5.0524E-12 T5dT
0.1736
298.15
0.1736 -31.3860
+
523.15 -
#######
3
523.15
3
#######
5
523.15
5
8744.0538 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.47460
2
8.52E-08
4
523.15
4
523.15
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
H2 O
523.15
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
523.15
0.7523
298.15
0.7523
32.2430
523.15 -
1.06E-05
3
523.15
3
5855.0194 kJ/jam
+
=
32.243 T + 1.923E-3 T2 + 1.055E-5 T3 - 3.596E-9 T4 dT
298.15
298.15
0.00192
2
#######
4
523.15
4

= 5724098.8721 kJ/jam
523.15
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
Q3 = Q2 - Q1
= 5724098.8721 4221541.0726
= 1502557.7995 kJ/jam

o
saturated steam dengan suhu 300 C dengan tekanan 1 atm. Dari properties of saturated
water and saturated steam up to 1 atm, stoichiometry 2004
Sehingga :
Q3 = m.steam
Massa steam
= Q3 =
steam
1502557.7995 kJ/jam=
909.99
kJ/kg
1651.1806

Panas masuk
Panas keluar
Komponen
(kJ/jam)
(kJ/jam)
Q C6H5NO2 4207855.0855 5706082.1206
Q C6H4N2O4 2633.84886
3417.6783
Q H2 O
Q C 6 H6
Q Steam
Total
4641.9969
6410.1414
1502557.7995
5724098.8721
5855.0194
8744.0538
5724098.8721
B.5. REAKTOR (R-210)

Fungsi : Tempat berlangsungnya reaksi Anilin
Tujuan : - Menghitung suhu keluar reaktor
- Menghitung kebutuhan pendingin
250 oC
Arus 6
Pendingin Qs
28 oC
Pendingin
45
Qrx
Arus 4
Neraca Energi
Q in =
4 + Qs =
dimana: 4 =
6 =
Qs =
250
Q out
6 + Qrx
Panas Sensibel Gas Reaktan Masuk, Q reaktan
Panas Sensibel Gas Produk Keluar, Q produk
Jumlah pendingin yang dibutuhkan
kg/jam
Qrx= Panas reaksi

1. Panas Sensibel Gas Reaktan Masuk, Q reaktan
Panas gas umpan masuk reaktor (R-210) besarnya sama dengan panas gas
5724098.872 kJ/jamdan Heater Hidrogen 1720030.35 kJ/jam
keluar Heater Nitrobenzen
Q reaktan = 7444129.2218 kJ/jam
2. Panas Reaksi, HR
Reaksi:
C6H5NO2 + H2
C6H5NH2 + H2O
-
Panas reaksi pada keadaan standar (T = 25oC)

o
Hr 298,15 = Hof (produk) - Hof (reaktan)
= (H of C6H5NH2 + H of H2O) - (H of C6H5NO2 + H2)
86.86 + (
-241.83 ) - (
67.60 +
0
=
-222.57 kJ/kmol
=
Panas reaksi, HR
kJ/mol
HRo523.15 = n ( Hro298,15 )
= XA ( n reaktan) ( Hro298,15 )
88.4687
= 0.98 x
x -222.57
-19296.3169 kJ/jam
=
Q reaksi adalah panas yang diperlukan untuk reaksi di dalam reaktor, dimana
reaksi berupa reaksi eksotermis (HR negatif). Sehingga, perlu ditambahkan
pendingin untuk menjaga suhu optimum sesuai dengan konversi yang diinginkan.
3. Panas Sensibel Gas Produk Keluar, Q produk
Untuk menghitug panas keluar reaktor digunakan persamaan:
Q=H=n_(T_reff)^TCp_g dT
dimana:
_(T reff )^T Cp_g dT= [(Ax(T-T_reff ))+(B/2 x(T^2-T_reff^ ))+(C/3 x(T^3T_reff )) +(D/4 x(T^4-T_reff))+(E/5 x(T^5-T_reff))]
Komposisi arus 6:
C6H5NO2 =
215.1568 kg/jam
C 6 H4 N2 O4 =
10.8337 kg/jam
10.8337 kg/jam
H2 O
=
10.8337 kg/jam
C 6 H6
=
10.4955 kg/jam
H2
=
0.0052 kg/jam
CH4
=
7971.2970 kg/jam
C6H5NH2 =
3085.6633 kg/jam
H2 O
=
1.7492
=
0.0645
=
0.6019
=
0.1389
=
5.2477
=
0.0003
=
= 85.7129
= 171.4257
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
C6H5NO2
523.15
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
523.15
1.7492
-16.2020
T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 - 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T4 dT
-16.2020
T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 - 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T4 dT
1.7492
298.15
1.7492 -16.2020
+
523.15 -
#######
3
523.15
3
#######
5
523.15
5
114121.6424 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.5618
2
523.15
#######
4
523.15
4
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H4 N2 O4
523.15
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
523.15
18.1480 T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 + 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T5 dT
0.0645
298.15
0.0645
+
18.1480
523.15 -
#######
3
523.15
3
#######
5
523.15
5
2734.1427 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.56182
2
1.00E-07
4
523.15
4
523.15
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H6
523.15
Q = n
298.15
Cp dT
523.15
-31.3860 T + 0.4746 T2 - 3.11E-4 T3 + 8.524E-8 T4 - 5.0524E-12 T5dT
0.1389
298.15
0.1389 -31.3860
+
523.15 -
#######
3
523.15
3
#######
5
523.15
5
= 94198.1462 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.47460
2
8.52E-08
4
523.15
4
523.15
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
H2 O
523.15
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
523.15
0.6019
32.243 T + 1.923E-3 T2 + 1.055E-5 T3 - 3.596E-9 T4 dT
298.15
0.6019
32.2430
523.15 -
298.15
0.00192
523.15
298.15
0.6019
32.2430
523.15 -
1.06E-05
3
523.15
3
4684.0155 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
+
+
523.15
#######
4
523.15
4
298.15
-
298.15
H2
523.15
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
523.15
5.2477
27.1430T +
9.2730E-03 T2 - 1.3800E-05 T3 + 7.6450E-09 T4 dT
298.15
5.2477
+
27.1430
523.15 -
298.15
-1.3800E-05
3
523.15
3
298.15
523.15
=
298.15
34400.5120
kJ/jam
+
3
9.27E-03
2
523.15
2
+
298.15
7.6450E-09
4
CH4
523.15
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
523.15
34.942
T-3.9957E-02 T2 - 1.9184E-04 T3-1.53E-07 T4+3.9321E-11 T5
dT
= 0.000328
298.15
= 0.000328 34.9420
+
523.15 -
298.15
-1.9184E-04
3
523.15
3
298.15
523.15
298.15
4.7504
+
3
#######
2
523.15
2
+
3.9321E-11
5
298.15
-1.5300E-07
4
523.15
298.15
kJ/jam
C6H5NH2
523.15
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
523.15
= 85.7129
-22.0620 T + 0.5731 T2 - 4.57e-4 T3 - 1.841e-7 T4 - 2.9867e-11 T5 dT
298.15
= 85.7129 -22.0620
+
523.15 -
#######
3
523.15
3
#######
5
523.15
5
= 5918417.6087 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
298.15
3
5
0.57313
2
#######
4
523.15
4
523.15
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
H2 O
523.15
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
523.15
= 171.4257
298.15
32.243 T + 1.923E-3 T2 + 1.055E-5 T3 - 3.596E-9 T4 dT
= 171.4257 32.2430
523.15 -
1.06E-05
3
523.15
3
= 1334108.1608 kJ/jam
+
298.15
298.15
Jadi:
Q produk = ########## + 2734.1427 +
34400.5120 +
4.7504
+
7502668.9787
=
kJ/jam
0.00192
2
#######
4
523.15
4
523.15
298.15
-
298.15
94198.1462 + 4684.0155 +
5918417.6087 +
1334108.1608
4. Pendingin yang dibutuhkan oleh Pemanas

Qlepas = (Q produk + Q reaksi ) - Q reaktan
= 7502668.9787 +
-19296.3169 - 7444129.2218
39243.4401
=
kJ/jam
Sebagai pendingin digunakan air pada suhu 25oC dan tekanan 1 atm.
Diperkirakan air keluar pada suhu 45oC.
Dari App A.2 Geankoplis, 2003 diperoleh Cp air = 0.9987 kkal/kg.oC
= 4.1787 kJ/kgoC
Q = m . Cp. T
Qc
mc =
Cp. T
39243.4401
=
= 469.5695 kg/jam
4.1787 ( 45 - 25 )
Tabel Neraca Panas Reaktor (R-210)
Komponen Q in (kJ/jam) Q out (kJ/jam)
Q C6H5NO2 5706082.1206 114121.6424
Q C6H4N2O4 3417.6783
2734.1427
5855.0194
94198.1462
Q H2 O
8744.0538
4684.0155
Q C 6 H6
1720025.5993
34400.5120
Q H2
4.7504
4.7504
Q CH4
5918417.6087
Q C6H5NH2
1334108.1608
Q H2 O
Q pendingin 39243.4401
Q reaksi
-19296.3169
Total
7483372.6618 7483372.6618
2
4
B.6. COOLER 1 (E-221)

Fungsi : Mendinginkan gas produk keluar reaktor
Tujuan : Menghitung kebutuhan pendingin
o
28 C
Q1
250
Q2
139.53
C
Qc
45
C
Neraca Energi
Q in = Q out
Q1
= Q2 + Q3
Q1 = Panas sensibel gas keluar reaktor
dimana:
Q3 = Panas yang diserap oleh pendingin
Q2 = Panas sensibel cairan keluar cooler 1
Q=H=n_(T_reff)^TCp_g dT
dimana:
_(T reff )^T Cp_g dT= [(Ax(T-T_reff ))+(B/2 x(T^2-T_reff^ ))+(C/3

x(T^3-T_reff ))
1. Panas Sensibel Gas Masuk, Q1

Panas sensibel yang masuk Cooler sama dengan panas sensibel yang keluar Condensor
Q1 = 3358498.9810 kJ/jam
2. Panas Sensibel gas keluar, Q2

Komposisi arus 6:
C6H5NO2 = 215.1568 kg/jam
C 6 H4 N2 O4 =
10.8337 kg/jam
10.8337 kg/jam
H2 O
=
10.8337 kg/jam
C 6 H6
=
10.4955 kg/jam
H2
=
0.0052
CH4
=
kg/jam
C6H5NH2 = 7971.2970 kg/jam
H2 O
= 3085.6633 kg/jam
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
1.7492
0.0645
0.6019
0.1389
5.2477
0.0003
85.7129
171.4257
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
C6H5NO2
412.68
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
412.68
1.7492
-16.2020
T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 - 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T4 dT
298.15
1.7492 -16.2020
+
+
412.68 -
#######
3
412.68
3
#######
5
412.68
5
47718.2680 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.5618
2
412.68
#######
4
412.68
4
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H4 N2 O4
412.68
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
412.68
18.1480 T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 + 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T5 dT
0.0645
298.15
0.0645
+
18.1480
412.68 -
#######
3
412.68
3
#######
5
412.68
5
1273.1909 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.56182
2
1.00E-07
4
412.68
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H6
412.68
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.68
-31.3860 T + 0.4746 T2 - 3.11E-4 T3 + 8.524E-8 T4 - 5.0524E-12 T5dT
0.1389
298.15
0.1389 -31.3860
+
412.68 -
#######
3
412.68
3
#######
5
412.68
5
= 2878.7365 kJ/jam
H2 O
+
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.47460
2
8.52E-08
4
412.68
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
412.68
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
32.243 T + 1.923E-3 T2 + 1.055E-5 T3 - 3.596E-9 T4 dT
412.68
0.6019
298.15
0.6019
412.68 -
1.06E-05
3
412.68
3
2350.8332 kJ/jam
+
=
32.2430
298.15
298.15
0.00192
2
#######
4
412.68
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
H2
412.68
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.68
27.1430T +
5.2477
9.2730E-03 T2 - 1.3800E-05 T3 + 7.6450E-09 T4 dT
298.15
5.2477
+
27.1430
412.68 -
#######
3
412.68
3
17448.4735 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.0093
2
412.68
7.65E-09
4
412.68
4
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
CH4
412.68
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.68
34.942
T-3.9957E-02 T2 - 1.9184E-04 T3-1.53E-07 T4+3.9321E-11 T5
dT
0.0003
298.15
0.0003
+
+
34.9420
412.68 -
#######
3
412.68
3
3.93E-11
5
412.68
5
1.9867 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
298.15
-0.03996
2
412.68
2
#######
4
412.68
4
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C6H5NH2
412.68
Q = n
298.15
Cp dT
412.68
= 85.7129
-31.3860 T + 0.4746 T2 - 3.11E-4 T3 + 8.524E-8 T4 - 5.0524E-12 T5dT
298.15
= 85.7129 -22.0620
+
412.68 -
#######
3
412.68
3
#######
5
412.68
5
= 1123864.9289 kJ/jam
+
H2 O
412.68
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
298.15
298.15
298.15
3
5
0.57313
2
#######
4
412.68
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
412.68
= 171.4257
32.243 T + 1.923E-3 T2 + 1.055E-5 T3 - 3.596E-9 T4 dT
298.15
= 171.4257 32.2430
412.68 -
1.06E-05
3
412.68
3
= ########## kJ/jam
+
298.15
3
298.15
0.00192
2
#######
4
412.68
4
412.68
Jadi:
Q2 =
47718.2680 + 1273.1909 + 2878.7365 + 2350.8332 +

+
1.9867
+ 1123864.9289 + 669567.7648
= 1865104.1826 kJ/jam
4. Panas yang diserap oleh Pendingin, Qc

Qc = Q1 - Q2
= 3358498.9810 - 1865104.1826 =
1493394.7984 kJ/jam
Sebagai pendingin digunakan air pada suhu 25 C dan tekanan 1 atm.

= 4.1787 kJ/kgoC
Q = m . Cp. T
Qc
mc =
Cp. T
1493394.7984
=
= 17869.2979 kg/jam
4.17866 ( 45 - 25 )
Tabel Neraca Panas Cooler 1 (E-221)
Panas masuk
Panas keluar
Komponen
(kJ/jam)
(kJ/jam)
Q C6H5NO2
54650.8610
47718.2680
Q C 6 H4 N2 O4
1506.9847
1273.1909
3393.9394
671918.5980
Q H2 O
871986.3951
2878.7365
Q C 6 H6
19608.8722
17448.4735
Q H2
783.9192
1.9867
Q CH4
2406568.0094
1123864.9289
Q C6H5NH2
Q pendingin
- 1493394.7984
Total
3358498.9810 3358498.9810
298.15
-
298.15
17448.4735
2
4
B.7. FLASH TANK (H-220)

Fungsi: Menguapkan sebagian besar Nitrobenzen dalam campuran produk
keluaran reaktor
Arus 7
139.5 oC
Arus 6
139.5 oC
Flash
Tank
Arus 8
139.5 oC
Neraca Energi
Q in =
6
=
dimana: 6 =
7=
8=
Q out
7+ 8
Panas sensibel gas masuk flash tank , Q1
Panas sensibel gas keluar, QQ2 2
Panas sensibel cairan keluar flash tank , Q3

Q=H=n_(T_reff)^TC_pl dT
dimana:
_(T reff )^T Cp_g dT= [(Ax(T-T_reff ))+(B/2 x(T^2-T_reff^ ))+(C/3

x(T^3-T_reff ))
a. Panas Sensibel gas keluar, Q2

Komposisi arus 7:
C6H5NO2 = 210.8537
C 6 H4 N2 O4 =
10.7253
3034.5671
H2 O
=
10.6170
C 6 H6
=
10.4955
H2
=
0.0052
CH4
=
0.7971
C6H5NH2 =
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
1.7143
0.0638
168.5871
0.1361
5.2477
0.0003
0.0086
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
C6H5NO2
412.68
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
412.68
1.7143
-16.2020
T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 - 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T4 dT
298.15
1.7143 -16.2020
412.68 -
298.15
0.5618
412.68
298.15
1.7143 -16.2020
+
+
412.68 -
-3.9E-04
3
412.68
3
-1.2E-12
5
412.68
5
46763.9027 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
298.15
+
+
412.68
-1.0E-07
4
412.68
4
298.15
-
298.15
C6H4NO2
412.68
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.68
0.0638
18.1480 T + 0.5618 T2 - 3.93E-4 T3 + 1.004E-7 T4 - 1.2252E-12 T5 dT
298.15
0.0638
+
18.1480
412.68 -
-3.9E-04
3
412.68
3
-1.2E-12
5
412.68
5
1260.4590 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.56182
2
1.00E-07
4
412.68
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H6
412.68
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
412.68
0.1361
-31.3860 T + 0.4746 T2 - 3.11E-4 T3 + 8.524E-8 T4 - 5.0524E-12 T5dT
298.15
0.1361 -31.3860
+
412.68 -
-3.1E-04
3
412.68
3
-5.1E-12
5
412.68
5
2821.1618 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.47460
2
8.52E-08
4
412.68
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
H2 O
412.68
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
412.68
= 1.7E+02
32.243 T + 1.923E-3 T2 + 1.055E-5 T3 - 3.596E-9 T4 dT
298.15
= 1.7E+02 32.2430
1.1E-05
3
412.68
3
658480.2261 kJ/jam
+
=
412.68 -
298.15
298.15
0.00192
2
-3.6E-09
4
412.68
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
H2
412.68
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.68
5.2477
27.1430T +
9.2730E-03 T2 - 1.3800E-05 T3 + 7.6450E-09 T4 dT
298.15
5.2477
+
27.1430
412.68 -
-1.4E-05
3
412.68
3
17448.4735 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
0.0093
2
412.68
7.6E-09
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
CH4
412.68
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
412.68
0.0003
34.942
T-3.9957E-02 T2 - 1.9184E-04 T3-1.53E-07 T4+3.9321E-11 T5
dT
298.15
0.0003
+
+
34.9420
412.68 -
-1.9E-04
3
412.68
3
3.9E-11
5
412.68
5
1.9867 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
298.15
-0.03996
2
412.68
2
-1.5E-07
4
412.68
4
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C6H5NH2
412.68
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
412.68
0.0086
-22.0620 T + 0.5731 T2 - 4.57E-4 T3 - 1.84E-7 T4 - 2.99E-11 T5
dT
298.15
0.0086 -22.0620
+
+
=
Jadi:
Q2 =
=
412.68 -
-4.6E-04
3
412.68
3
-3.0E-11
5
412.68
5
244.2101
kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.5731
2
-1.8E-07
4
412.68
4
298.15
-
298.15
46763.9027 + 1260.4590 + 2821.1618 +

17448.4735
1.9867
+
244.2101
727020.4199 kJ/jam
b. Panas Sensibel Cairan Keluar, Q3

Komposisi arus 8:
412.68
658480.2261 +
2
4
C6H5NO2
C 6 H4 N2 O4
H2 O
C 6 H6
H2
C6H5NH2
4.3031
0.1083
61.9299
0.2167
0.0000
7970.500
=
=
=
=
=
=
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
0.0350
0.0006
3.4406
0.0028
0.0000
85.7043
=
=
=
=
=
=
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
C6H5NO2
412.68
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.68
39.4730 T + 0.9128 T2 - 0.00211 T3 + 2.01E-6 T4 dT
0.0350
298.15
0.0350
+
39.4730
412.68 -
-0.0021
3
412.68
3
751.7266
kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
0.9128
2
412.68
2.0E-06
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H4 N2 O4
412.68
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.68
0.0006
-12.6350 T + 1.56240 T2 - 3.00E-3 T3 + 2.32E-6 T4 dT
298.15
0.0006 -12.6350
+
412.68 -
-3.0E-03
3
412.68
3
76.1702 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
1.56240
2
412.68
2.3E-06
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H6
412.68
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.68
0.0028
-33.6620 T + 0.47430 T2 - 3.61E-3 T3 + 3.82E-6 T4 dT
298.15
0.0028 -33.6620
-3.6E-03
3
412.68
3
245.1970 kJ/jam
+
=
412.68 -
H2 O
412.68
Q = n
Cpg dT
298.15
298.15
0.47430
2
412.68
3.8E-06
4
412.68
2
4
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
Q = n
Cpg dT
298.15
412.68
3.4406
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4 dT
298.15
3.4406
+
18.2964
412.68 -
-1.3E-03
3
412.68
3
29965.3066 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
0.47212
2
412.68
1.3E-06
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
H2
412.68
Cpg dT
Q = n
298.15
412.68
= 0.0E+00
298.15
28.8400 T + 0.00765 T2 + 3.29E-1 T3 - 0.8698 T4
= 0.0E+00 28.8400
+
=
412.68 -
3.3E-01
3
412.68
3
0.0000
kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
dT
0.00765
2
-8.7E-10
4
412.68
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C6H5NH2
412.68
Q = n
Cpg dT
298.15
412.68
85.70
46.9480 T + 0.9896 T2 - 2.3583E-3 T3 + 2.3296E-6 T4
dT
298.15
85.70
46.9480
412.68 -
-2.4E-03
3
412.68
3
2016973.0498 kJ/jam
+
=
Jadi:
Q3 =
=
751.7266 +
0.0000
2048011.4502
298.15
298.15
76.1702
0.9896
2
412.68
2.3E-06
4
412.68
245.1970
+
+
2016973.0498
kJ/jam
Sehingga, panas yang masuk flash tank :

Q in = Q out
Q1
= Q2 + Q3
= 727020.4199 + 2048011.4502 =
29965.3066
2775031.8700 kJ/jam
Tabel Neraca Panas Flash Tank (H-220)

Q in (kJ/jam)
Q out (kJ/jam)
Komponen
Arus 6
Arus 7
Arus 8
Q C6H5NO2 47515.6293
46763.9027
751.7266
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
Q C6H4NO2
Q H2 O
Q C 6 H6
Q H2
Q CH4
Q C6H5NH2
1336.6292
688445.5326
3066.3588
17448.4735
1.9867
2017217.2599
Total
2775031.8700
1260.4590
658480.2261
2821.1618
17448.4735
1.9867
244.2101
727020.4199
76.1702
29965.3066
245.1970
0.0000
2016973.0498
2048011.4502
2775031.8700
B.4 Heater (E-114)

Fungsi : Menaikkan suhu uap Nitrobenzen
Tujuan
Menaikkan suhu menjadi 170 C

Q3
Qsteam
Q1
Q2
Neraca Energi
H = Hout - Hin
M
n
Komponen
(kg)
(kmol)
C6H5NO2
4.30313
0.0350
C 6 H4 N2 O4
0.10834
0.0006
61.92992
3.4406
H2 O
0.21667
0.0028
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
7970.497
85.7043
*Hin
o
Tin
= 139.5 C =
Tref
= 25
H2 O
C=
412.68
298.15
412.68
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
412.68
3.4406
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4 dT
298.15
3.4406
+
18.2964
412.68 -
#######
3
412.68
3
298.15
298.15
0.47212
2
1.31E-06
4
412.68
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
29965.2966
kJ/jam
C 6 H6
412.68
Q = n
298.15
Cp dT
412.7
3.E-03
-33.6620 T + 0.47430 T2 - 3.61E-3 T3 + 3.82E-6 T4
dT
298.15
3.E-03 -33.6620
412.68 -
#######
3
412.68
3
245.1970 kJ/jam
+
=
C6H5NH2
298.15
298.15
0.47430
2
3.82E-06
4
412.68
4
412.68
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
Cp dT
412.68
Q = n
298.15
412.68
85.70
298.15
85.70
46.9480 T + 0.9896 T2 - 2.3583E-3 T3 + 2.3296E-6 T4
46.9480
412.68 -
#######
3
412.68
3
2016972.3765 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
+
+
0.9896
2
412.68
2.33E-06
4
412.68
4
298.15
-
298.15
C6H5NO2
412.68
Q = n
298.15
298.15
dT
Cp dT
3.E-02 39.47 412.68
-0.0021
3
412.68
3
751.7263 kJ/jam
C6H4NO2
412.68
Q = n
298.15
6.E-04
298.15
298.15
+
3
0.9128
2
412.68
2.01E-06
4
412.68
4
1.56240
2
2.32E-06
4
412.68
4
298.15
-
298.15
Cp dT
-12.6
412.68 -
-3.E-03
3
412.68
3
19.7480 kJ/jam
=
+
298.15
298.15
412.68
Q1 = Q C6H5NO2 + Q C6H4N2O4 + Q C6H6 + Q H2O + Q C6H5NH2

= 2047954.3443 kJ/jam
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
2
4

*Hout
o
Tin
= #### C =
Tref
H2 O
25
C=
444.80
298.15
444.80
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
444.80
3.4406
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4 dT
298.15
3.4406
+
18.2964
444.80 -
#######
3
444.80
3
38610.6875 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
0.47212
2
1.31E-06
4
444.80
4
444.80
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H6
444.80
Q = n
298.15
Cp dT
444.8
3.E-03
-33.6620 T + 0.47430 T2 - 3.61E-3 T3 + 3.82E-6 T4 dT

298.15
3.E-03 -33.6620
444.80 -
#######
3
444.80
3
346.4803 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
0.47430
2
3.82E-06
4
444.80
4
444.80
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C6H5NH2
444.80
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
444.80
85.70
298.15
85.70
46.9480 T + 0.9896 T2 - 2.3583E-3 T3 + 2.3296E-6 T4
46.9480
444.80 -
#######
3
444.80
3
2626484.8134 kJ/jam
+
=
C6H5NO2
444.80
Q = n
298.15
0.035
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.9896
2
444.80
2.33E-06
4
444.80
4
dT
298.15
-
298.15
Cp dT
39.47 444.80
298.15
0.9128
2
444.80
298.15
2
4
-0.0021
3
444.80
3
978.0620 kJ/jam
C 6 H4 N2 O4
444.80
Q = n
298.15
298.15
2.01E-06
4
444.80
4
1.56240
2
2.32E-06
4
444.80
4
298.15
Cp dT
= 0.00064 -12.6
444.80 -
-3.E-03
3
444.80
3
= 104.9953 kJ/jam
+
298.15
298.15
444.80
298.15
-
298.15
Q2 = Q C6H5NO2 + Q C6H4N2O4 + Q C6H6 + Q H2O + Q C6H5NH2

= 2666525.0385 kJ/jam
Q3 = Q2 - Q1
= 2666525.0385 2047954.3443
= 618570.6942 kJ/jam
saturated steam dengan suhu 300oC dengan tekanan 1 atm. Dari properties of saturated
Sehingga :
Q3 = m.steam
Massa steam
= Q3 =
steam
618570.6942
909.99
kJ/jam=
kJ/kg

Panas masuk
Panas keluar
Komponen
(kJ/jam)
(kJ/jam)
Q C6H5NO2
751.7263
978.0620
Q C 6 H4 N2 O4
19.74801
104.9953
Q C6H5NH2 2016972.3765 2626484.8134
Q H2 O
Q C 6 H6
Q Steam
29965.2966
245.1970
618570.6942
38610.6875
346.4803
-
679.7555
kg/jam
2
4
Total
2666525.0385
2666525.0385
B.13. MENARA DISTILASI 1 (D-310)

Fungsi : Memisahkan produk Anilin dan air
Arus 16 138.9 oC
Qc
Arus 15
170.11
C
Arus 17
MD 2
Neraca Energi
Q in
15 + Qr
16
dimana: 15 =
16 =
=
17 =
18 =
21 =
Qc =
Qr =
Qr
Arus 18
#### oC
Arus 21
184.2 oC
= Q out
= 18 + 21
= 17 + 18 + Qc
Panas sensibel cairan umpan masuk MD 2 (D-340), Q1
Panas laten penguapan, Q2
Panas sensibel gas masuk kondensor, Q3
Panas sensibel cairan reflux, Q4
Panas sensibel cairan produk distilat, Q5
Panas sensibel cairan produk bawah, Q6
Panas yang diserap oleh pendingin pada kondensor
Panas yang dibutuhkan oleh pemanas pada reboiler
Menentukan Kondisi Operasi Menara Distilasi

a. Kondisi Operasi Umpan
1 atm =
Kondisi operasi umpan: P
=
Fasa = Cair Jenuh
T
= 171.65 oC =
760.0
mmHg
444.80 K
Trial Kondisi Operasi Umpan

Komponen (Kmol/jam)
xi
Pi
ki
Pi/P
yi
ki.xi
Ki/KHK
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
0.0350
0.0006
3.4406
0.00278
85.7043
0.0004
0.00001
0.0386
0.00003
0.9610
Total
89.1832
1.0000
280.9083
6.0081
6189.8280
6602.6352
542.0446
0.0001
0.0000
0.3142
0.0003
0.6854
0.5182
0.0111
11.4194
12.1810
1.0000
1.00
b. Kondisi Operasi Puncak Menara

Dew Point
1 atm =
Kondisi operasi:
P
=
T
= 138.938 oC =
Trial Kondisi Operasi Dew Point Puncak Menara
xi
Pi
Komponen (Kmol/jam)
C6H5NO2
0.0003
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
6.E-06
3.4061
3.E-05
0.8570
0.0001
2.E-06
0.7989
7.E-06
0.2010
1.1184
2630.6402
3460.2298
199.0620
Total
4.2636
6.290.E+03
100.1167
Bubble Point
Kondisi operasi:
1 atm =
P
=
T
= 105.98 oC =
Trial Kondisi Operasi Bubble Point Puncak Menara
xi
Pi
Komponen (Kmol/jam)
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
H2 O
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
3.E-04
6.E-06
3.4061
3.E-05
0.8570
0.0001
2.E-06
0.7989
7.E-06
0.2010
27.8877
0.1439
937.0218
1583.1294
58.4146
Total
4.2636
2.579.E+03
c. Kondisi Operasi Bawah Menara

Bubble Point
Kondisi Operasi:
P
=
T
=
0.3696
0.0079
8.1445
8.6877
0.7132
760 mmHg
412.09 K
ki
Pi/P
0.1317
0.0015
3.4614
4.5529
0.2619
yi
xi/ki
0.0006
0.0010
0.2308
1.E-06
0.7675
Ki/KHK
0.5029
0.0056
13.2152
17.3827
1.0000
1.00
760 mmHg
379.13 K
ki
Pi/P
yi
ki.xi
0.0367
0.0002
1.2329
2.0831
0.0769
3.E-06
3.E-10
0.9850
0.0000
0.0155
Ki/KHK
0.4774
0.0025
16.0409
27.1016
1.0000
1.00
1 atm = 760.0 mmHg

184.02 oC = 457.17 K
Trial Kondisi Operasi Bubble Point Bawah Menara

yi
Pi
Komponen (Kmol/jam)
ki
yi
Komponen (Kmol/jam)
H2 O
C6H6
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
C6H5NH2
0.0344
0.0028
0.0346
0.0006
84.8472
0.0004
3.E-05
0.0004
8.E-06
0.9991
8256.8840
8204.1008
303.8360
10.5190
757.2896
Total
84.9197
1.753.E+04
Pi/P
ki.xi
10.8643
10.7949
0.3998
0.0138
0.9964
0.0044
0.0003
0.0002
0.0000
0.9956
Ki/KHK
10.9032
10.8335
0.4012
0.0139
1.0000
1.00
Dew Point
Kondisi Operasi:
1 atm = 760.0 mmHg

P
=
T
= 184.18 oC = 457.33 K
Kondisi Operasi Dew Point Bawah Menara
yi
Pi
ki
Komponen (Kmol/jam)
Pi/P
H2 O
0.0344
0.0004
8.29.E+03
10.9028
C6H6
0.0028
3.E-05
8225.9791
10.8237
C6H5NO2
0.0346
0.0004
396.7234
0.5220
C6H4NO2
0.0006
8.E-06
10.5913
0.0139
C6H5NH2
84.8472
0.9991
760.3961
1.0005
Total
84.9197
1.77.E+04
*Condensor
*Penentuan Harga q
Karena umpan masuk pada keadaan titik didih nya (bubble point)
maka harga q = 1
xi
yi/ki
0.0000
0.0000
0.0008
0.0005
0.9986
1.00
Komponen
atas
bawah
rata-rata
C6H5NO2
C6H4NO2
0.4774
0.0025
16.0409
27.1016
1.0000
0.4012
0.0139
10.9032
10.8335
1.0000
0.4377
0.0058
13.2249
17.1349
1.0000
23.1518
31.8033
H2 O
C 6 H6
C6H5NH2
Total
44.6223
a i x id
= Rm 1
i -q
*Menentukan Kebutuhan Reflux Minimum

Dari persamaan Underwood 9.165 :
umpan masuk menara pada keadaan bubble point (titik didih) sehingga q=1
(cair jenuh)
(1-q) = ((F*XF)/(F-))
Ki/KHK
10.8971
10.8180
0.5217
0.0139
1.0000
Trial
2
8.91
Hasil
-0.9156
-0.003
Perhitungan Reflux minimum (Rmin)

Rmin +1=
((D*XD)/(D-))
= ((13,2221*0,7975)/(13,2221-8,454))+((17,4043*0,0007)/(17,4043-8,454))+
((1315,6591*0,0012)/(1315,6591-8,454))+((1*0,2007)/(1-8,454))
2.4269
=
R min =
2.4269
1
1.4269
=
Jadi nilai refluks minimum sebesar
Rm = 1.2 Rm - 1.5 Rm
1.3
diambil R operasi =
=
1.8549
menghitung Lo dan V
Lo = R x D
=
1.8549 x
4.2636
=
7.9087 kmol/jam
L' = Lo x F
=
7.9087
=
97.0919
+
89.1832
kmol/jam
a. Komposisi Cairan Reflux, Lo

H2 O
= yid x Lo
= 0.7989 x
V = Lo + D
=
7.9087
=
33.7193
x
4.2636
kmol/jam
V' = V
=
33.7193
kmol/jam
7.9087
=
=
6.3182 kmol/jam
113.7280 kg/jam
C6H5NH2 =
=
yid x Lo
0.2010 x
7.9087
=
=
1.5898 kmol/jam
147.8485 kg/jam
C6H5NO2 =
=
yid x Lo
0.0001 x
7.9087
=
=
0.0006 kmol/jam
0.0798 kg/jam
C6H4N2O4 =
=
yid x Lo
2.E-06 x
7.9087
=
=
1.E-05 kmol/jam
0.0020 kg/jam
yid x Lo
7.E-06 x
7.9087
=
=
0.0001 kmol/jam
0.0040 kg/jam
C 6 H6
=
=
Jadi:
Lo =
261.6624 kg/jam
b. Komposisi Uap Masuk Kondensor, V

H2 O
= yid x V
33.7193
= 0.7989 x
=
=
26.9382 kmol/jam
484.8875 kg/jam
C6H5NH2 =
=
yid x V
0.2010 x
33.7193
=
=
6.7781 kmol/jam
630.3630
kg/jam
C6H5NO2 =
=
yid x V
0.0001 x
33.7193
=
=
0.0028 kmol/jam
0.3403 kg/jam
C6H4N2O4 =
=
yid x V
2.E-06 x
33.7193
=
=
5.E-05 kmol/jam
0.0086 kg/jam
yid x V
7.E-06 x
33.7193
=
=
0.0002 kmol/jam
0.0171 kg/jam
C 6 H6
Jadi:
V =
=
=
1115.6165
kg/jam
c. Komposisi Cairan Masuk Reboiler, L' (Arus 19)

H2 O
= xib x L'
97.0919 =
0.0393
= 0.0004 x
0.7081
=
C6H5NO2 = xib x L'
97.0919 =
0.0396
= 0.0004 x
4.8707
=
C6H4NO2 = xib x L'
97.0919 =
0.0007
= 8.E-06 x
0.1226
=
C6H6
=
=
C6H5NH2 =
xib x L'
3.E-05 x
xib x L'
97.0919
=
=
0.0031
0.2453
kmol/jam
kg/jam
kmol/jam
kg/jam
kmol/jam
kg/jam
kmol/jam
kg/jam
=
Jadi:
L' =
0.9991 x
9027.7950
97.0919
97.0091 kmol/jam
9021.8483
kg/jam
=
=
kg/jam
d. Komposisi Uap yang dikembalikan ke Menara, V'

H2 O
= xib x V'
33.7193 =
= 0.0004 x
=
C6H5NO2 = xib x V'
33.7193 =
= 0.0004 x
=
C6H4NO2 = xib x V'
33.7193 =
= 8.E-06 x
=
C6H6
=
=
xib x V'
3.E-05 x
33.7193
=
=
C6H5NH2 =
=
xib x V'
0.9991 x
33.7193
=
=
Jadi:
V' =
3135.2030
0.0137 kmol/jam
0.2459 kg/jam
0.0138 kmol/jam
1.6916
kg/jam
0.0003 kmol/jam
0.0426 kg/jam
0.0011
kmol/jam
0.08517489 kg/jam
33.6906 kmol/jam
3133.2230
kg/jam
kg/jam
Perhitungan Neraca Panas pada Kondensor

a. Panas Laten Penguapan (Hv)
Untuk menghitung entalpi panas penguapan (Hv) digunakan Persamaan Watson:
H2
0.38
1 - Tr2
(Pers 4.19 Smith Van Ness, 2005)
=
H1
1 - Tr1
dimana: H1 = Panas laten penguapan pada titik didih normal (kJ/kmol)
H2 = Panas laten penguapan pada suhu T2 (kJ/kmol)
Tr2 = T2/TC (K)
Tr1 = T1/TC (K)
T1 = Titik didih normal komponen (K)
T2 = Suhu tertentu
= 138.94 oC = 412.09 K
H2 O
1 - Tr2 0.38
H2 = H1 x
1 - Tr1
412.09 562.16
0.38
1 H2 = 30.75 x
353.24 562.16
1 27.1173 kJ/kmol
=
Hv =
26.9382
kmol/jam x
27.1173
kJ/kmol =
730.4907
kJ/jam
608.2784
kJ/jam
0.1350
kJ/jam
0.0038
kJ/jam
0.0020
kJ/jam
C6H5NH2
1 - Tr2 0.38
1 - Tr1
412.09 972.15
1 86.92 x
457.25 972.15
1 89.7418 kJ/kmol
H2 = H1 x
H2 =
=
Hv =
6.7781
kmol/jam x
89.7418
0.38
kJ/kmol =
C6H5NO2
1 - Tr2 0.38
1 - Tr1
412.09 719
1 44.08 x
483.95 719
1 48.7827 kJ/kmol
H2 = H1 x
H2 =
=
Hv =
0.0028
kmol/jam x
48.7827
0.38
kJ/kmol =
C6H4N2O4
1 - Tr2 0.38
1 - Tr1
412.09 803
1 61.56 x
572 803
1 75.1824 kJ/kmol
H2 = H1 x
H2 =
=
Hv =
0.0001
kmol/jam x
75.1824
0.38
kJ/kmol =
C6H6
1 - Tr2 0.38
1 - Tr1
412.09 647.4
1 40.68 x
373.15 647.4
1 38.3804 kJ/kmol
H2 = H1 x
H2 =
=
Hv =
Jadi:
Q2 =
0.0001
1338.9098
kmol/jam x
38.3804
kJ/jam
b. Panas Sensibel Gas Masuk Kondensor, Q3

H2 O
0.38
kJ/kmol =
412.09
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.09
32.243 T + 1.923E-3 T2 + 1.055E-5 T3 - 3.596E-9 T4 dT
26.94
298.15
26.94
32.2430
412.09 -
1.06E-05
3
412.09
3
104670.8476 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
0.00192
2
#######
4
412.09
4
412.09
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C6H5NH2
412.09
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.09
-31.3860 T + 0.4746 T2 - 3.11E-4 T3 + 8.524E-8 T4 - 5.0524E-12 T5dT
6.778
298.15
6.778
+
-22.0620
412.09 -
#######
3
412.09
3
#######
5
412.09
5
191903.6870 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.57313
2
#######
4
412.09
4
412.09
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C6H5NO2
412.09
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.09
-31.3860 T + 0.4746 T2 - 3.11E-4 T3 + 8.524E-8 T4 - 5.0524E-12 T5dT
3.E-03
298.15
3.E-03 -16.2020
+
+
412.09 -
#######
3
412.09
3
#######
5
412.09
5
75.0082
kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.56182
2
#######
4
412.09
4
412.09
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C6H4N2O4
412.09
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.09
-31.3860 T + 0.4746 T2 - 3.11E-4 T3 + 8.524E-8 T4 - 5.0524E-12 T5dT
5.E-05
298.15
5.E-05
+
18.1480
#######
412.09
412.09 3
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.56182
2
1.00E-07
412.09
412.09
2
4
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
+
+
=
412.09
#######
5
412.09
5
1.0011
kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
412.09
298.15
C 6 H6
412.09
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
412.09
2.E-04
-31.3860 T + 0.4746 T2 - 3.11E-4 T3 + 8.524E-8 T4 - 5.0524E-12 T5dT
298.15
2.E-04 -31.3860
+
+
=
Jadi:
Q3 =
412.09 -
#######
3
412.09
3
#######
5
412.09
5
2.5398
kJ/jam
296653.0838
298.15
298.15
298.15
0.47460
2
8.52E-08
4
412.09
4
412.09
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
kJ/jam
c. Panas Sensibel Cairan Reflux, Q4

H2 O
379.13
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
379.13
6.3182
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4 dT
298.15
6.3182
+
=
18.2964
379.13 -
#######
3
379.13
3
38719.7657 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
0.47212
2
1.31E-06
4
379.13
4
379.13
298.15
298.15
C6H5NH2
379.13
Q = n
298.15
Cp dT
379.13
1.59
46.9480 T + 0.9896 T2
- 2.3583E-3 T3 + 2.3296E-6 T4
dT
298.15
1.59
+
46.9480
379.13 -
#######
3
379.13
3
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.9896
2
379.13
2.33E-06
4
379.13
4
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
26016.6588
kJ/jam
C6H5NO2
379.13
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
379.13
0.0006
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4 dT
298.15
0.0006
+
=
39.4730
379.13 -
#######
3
379.13
3
9.7017
kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
0.91277
2
2.01E-06
4
379.13
4
379.13
298.15
298.15
C6H4N2O4
379.13
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
379.13
1.E-05
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4 dT
298.15
1.E-05 -12.6350
+
=
379.13 -
#######
3
379.13
3
0.2540
kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
1.56240
2
2.32E-06
4
379.13
4
379.13
298.15
298.15
C6H6
379.13
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
379.13
0.0001
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4 dT
298.15
0.0001 -33.6620
379.13 -
#######
3
379.13
3
2.8928
kJ/jam
Jadi:
Q4 =
64749.2731
298.15
298.15
kJ/jam
d. Panas Sensibel Cairan Produk Distilat, Q5

H2 O
379.13
Q = n
Cp dT
0.47430
2
3.82E-06
4
379.13
4
379.13
298.15
298.15
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
379.13
= 20.6200
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4 dT
298.15
= 20.6200 18.2964
379.13 -
#######
3
379.13
3
126364.7574 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
0.47212
2
1.31E-06
4
379.13
4
379.13
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C6H5NH2
379.13
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
379.13
= 5.2.E+00
298.15
46.9480 T + 0.9896 T2 - 2.3583E-3 T3 + 2.3296E-6 T4
= 5.2.E+00 46.9480
+
=
379.13 -
#######
3
379.13
3
84907.2488 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.9896
2
379.13
2.33E-06
4
379.13
4
dT
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C6H5NO2
379.13
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
379.13
0.0021
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4 dT
298.15
0.0021
+
=
39.4730
379.13 -
#######
3
379.13
3
31.6623
kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
0.91277
2
2.01E-06
4
379.13
4
379.13
298.15
298.15
C6H4N2O4
379.13
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
379.13
4.E-05
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4 dT
298.15
4.E-05 -12.6350
+
=
379.13 -
#######
3
379.13
3
0.8291
kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
1.56240
2
2.32E-06
4
379.13
4
379.13
298.15
298.15
C6H6
379.13
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
379.13
0.0002
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4 dT
298.15
0.0002 -33.6620
+
=
Jadi:
Q5 =
379.13 -
#######
3
379.13
3
9.4408
kJ/jam
211313.9385
298.15
298.15
0.47430
2
3.82E-06
4
379.13
4
379.13
298.15
298.15
kJ/jam
e. Panas yang dilepas oleh Pendingin Kondensor, Qc

Qc = Q2 + Q3 - Q4 + Q5
21928.7820 kJ/jam
=
Sebagai pendingin digunakan air pada suhu 25oC dan tekanan 1 atm.
Dari App A.2 Geankoplis, 2003 diperoleh Cp air = 0.9987 kkal/kgoC
= 4.1787 kJ/kgoC
Q = m . Cp. T
Qc
mc =
Cp. T
21928.7820
=
4.1787 ( 45 - 25 )
262.3901
kg/jam
Perhitungan Neraca Panas pada Reboiler

a. Panas Sensibel Cairan Masuk MD , Q1
Panas sensibel masuk MD 2 sama dengan panas sensibel cairan keluaran Heater .
Q1 =
2666525.0385
kJ/jam
b. Panas Sensibel Cairan Produk Bawah, Q6
H2 O
457.17
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
457.17
0.0344
298.15
0.0344
+
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4
18.2964
457.17 -
#######
3
457.17
3
298.15
298.15
0.47212
2
1.31E-06
4
457.17
4
457.17
dT
-
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
419.9350
kJ/jam
C6H5NH2
457.17
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
457.17
84.85
298.15
84.85
46.9480 T + 0.9896 T2 - 2.3583E-3 T3 + 2.3296E-6 T4
46.9480
457.17 -
#######
3
457.17
3
6570771.5516 kJ/jam
+
=
298.15
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.9896
2
457.17
2.33E-06
4
457.17
4
dT
298.15
-
298.15
C6H5NO2
457.17
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
=
+
=
3.E-02 39.47
457.17
-0.0021
3
457.17
3
1056.6921 kJ/jam
298.15
0.9128
2
457.17
2.01E-06
4
457.17
4
1.56240
2
2.32E-06
4
457.17
4
0.47430
2
3.82E-06
4
457.17
4
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C6H4NO2
457.17
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
6.E-04
-12.6
457.17 -
-3.E-03
3
457.17
3
27.8001 kJ/jam
=
+
298.15
298.15
457.17
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H6
457.17
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
3.E-03
-33.7
457.17 -
-4.E-03
3
457.17
3
= 386.0537 kJ/jam
+
Jadi:
Q6 =
6572662.0325 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
457.17
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
2
4
c. Panas yang dibutuhkan oleh Pemanas Reboiler, Qrb

Qrb = Q5 + Q6 + Qc - Q1
4139379.7145
=
o
saturated steam dengan suhu 300 C dengan tekanan 1 atm. Dari properties of saturated
Sehingga :
Qr = m.steam
Massa steam
= Qr =
steam
4139379.7145
909.99
kJ/jam=
kJ/kg
4548.8189
Tabel Neraca Panas Menara Distilasi

(D-330)
2
Panas masuk
Panas keluar (kJ/jam)
Komponen
(kJ/jam)
Arus
Arus
Q C6H5NO2
978.0620
31.6623
1056.6921
Q C 6 H4 N2 O4
104.9953
0.8291
27.8001
38610.6875
126364.7574
419.9350
Q H2 O
346.4803
9.4408
386.0537
Q C 6 H6
84907.2488
6570771.5516
Q C6H5NH2 2626484.8134
Q pendingin
21928.7820
4139379.71
Q steam
233242.7205 6572662.0325
Total
6805904.7530
6805904.7530
B.14 COOLER
Fungsi : Mendinginkan gas produk keluar reaktor
Tujuan : Menghitung kebutuhan pendingin
o
28 C
Q1
184.2 oC
Q2
30
Qc
45
C
Neraca Energi
Q in = Q out
Q1
= Q2 + Q3
Q1 = Panas sensibel gas keluar reaktor
dimana:
Q3 = Panas yang diserap oleh pendingin
Q2 = Panas sensibel cairan keluar cooler 1
kg/jam
dimana:
1. Panas Sensibel Cairan Masuk, Q1

Panas sensibel yang masuk Cooler sama dengan panas sensibel cairan yang keluar MD
Q1 = 6572662.0325 kJ/jam
2. Panas Sensibel gas keluar, Q2
Komposisi arus 6:
C6H5NO2 =
4.2601
kg/jam
C 6 H4 N2 O4 =
0.1073
kg/jam
0.6193
H2 O
=
kg/jam
0.2145
kg/jam
=
C6H6
C6H5NH2 = 7890.7922 kg/jam
0.0346
0.0006
0.0344
0.0028
84.8472
=
=
=
=
=
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
kmol/jam
H2 O
457.17
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
457.17
0.0344
18.2964 T + 0.47212 T2 - 1.34E-3 T3 + 1.31E-6 T4 dT
298.15
0.0344
+
18.2964
457.17 -
#######
3
457.17
3
1951.0776 kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
0.47212
2
1.31E-06
4
457.17
4
457.17
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C6H5NH2
457.17
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
457.17
84.85
298.15
84.85
46.9480
457.17 -
#######
3
457.17
3
2838811.5810 kJ/jam
+
=
46.9480 T + 0.9896 T2 - 2.3583E-3 T3 + 2.3296E-6 T4
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.9896
2
457.17
2.33E-06
4
457.17
4
dT
298.15
-
298.15
C6H6
457.17
Cp dT
Q = n
298.15
457.17
3.E-03
46.9480 T + 0.9896 T2 - 2.3583E-3 T3 + 2.3296E-6 T4
dT
2
4
3.E-03
298.15
3.E-03 -33.6620
+
46.9480 T + 0.9896 T2 - 2.3583E-3 T3 + 2.3296E-6 T4

457.17 -
#######
3
457.17
3
386.0537
kJ/jam
298.15
298.15
298.15
+
+
0.4743
2
457.17
3.82E-06
4
457.17
4
dT
298.15
-
298.15
C6H5NO2
457.17
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
=
+
=
3.E-02 39.47
457.17
-0.0021
3
457.17
3
1056.6921 kJ/jam
298.15
0.9128
2
457.17
2.01E-06
4
457.17
4
1.56240
2
2.32E-06
4
457.17
4
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
C 6 H4 N2 O4
457.17
Q = n
Cp dT
298.15
6.E-04
-12.6
457.17 -
298.15
-3.E-03
3
3
457.17
- 298.15
3
= 115.9067 kJ/jam
Jadi:
Q2 = 2842321.3110 kJ/jam
+
4. Panas yang diserap oleh Pendingin, Qc

Qc = Q1 - Q2
= 6572662.0325 - 2842321.3110 =
457.17
3730340.7215 kJ/jam
Sebagai pendingin digunakan air pada suhu 25 C dan tekanan 1 atm.

= 4.1787 kJ/kgoC
Q = m . Cp. T
Qc
mc =
Cp. T
3730340.7215
=
4.17866 ( 45 - 25 )
= 44635.5979 kg/jam
Tabel Neraca Panas Cooler 1 (E-221)

Panas masuk
Panas keluar
Komponen
(kJ/jam)
(kJ/jam)
Q C6H5NO2
1056.6921
1056.6921
298.15
-
298.15
2
4
2
4
Q C 6 H4 N2 O4
Q C6H5NH2
Q C6H6
Q H2 O
Q pendingin
Total
27.8001
6570771.5516
386.0537
419.9350
6572662.0325
115.9067
2838811.5810
386.0537
1951.0776
3730340.7215
6572662.0325
kJ/jam
kJ/jam
Neraca Massa (kg/jam)

Komponen
Arus
Arus
1 Arus
2 Arus
3 Arus
4 Arus
5 Arus
6 Arus
7 Arus
8 Arus
9 Arus
10Arus
11Arus
12Arus
13Arus
14Arus
15Arus
16Arus
17 18
C6H5NO2 0 0 ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
C6H4N2O4 0 0 ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
H2O 0 0 ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
C6H6 0 0 ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
H2 ## ## 0 0 0 0 0 ## ## ## ## 0 0
CH4 ## ## 0 0 0 0 0 ## ## ## ## 0 0
C6H5NH2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## ## ## ## ##
Total ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
Nera
Komponen
C6H5NO2
C6H4N2O4
H2 O
C6H6
H2
CH4
C6H5NH2
Total
Arus 1
0
0
0
0
524.7725
0.0052
0
524.7778
Arus 2
Arus 3
Arus 4
Arus 5
Arus 6
Arus 7
0
10757.8363 10757.8363 10757.8363 2689.4591 10757.8363
0
10.8337
10.8337
10.8337
2.7084
10.8337
0
10.8337
10.8337
10.8337
2.7084
10.8337
0
10.8337
10.8337
10.8337
2.7084
10.8337
524.7725
0
0
0
0
0
0.0052
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
524.7778 10790.34 10790.337 10790.337 2697.5843 10790.337
Arus 8
10757.8363
10.8337
10.8337
10.8337
524.7725
0.0052
0.0000
11315.115
Neraca Massa (kg/jam)

Arus 9
Arus 10
Arus 11
Arus 12
Arus 13
Arus 14
Arus 15
Arus 16
215.1567 215.1568 215.1568
4.3031
210.8536
4.3031
0.0430
1.6916
10.8337
10.8337
10.8337
0.1083
10.7253
0.1083
0.0011
0.0426
3096.4960 3096.4960 3096.4960 61.9299 3034.5661 61.9299
61.3106
0.2459
10.8337
10.8337
10.8337
0.2167
10.6170
0.2167
0.0022
0.0852
10.4955
10.4955
10.4955
0
10
0
0
0
0.0052
0.0052
0.0052
0
0.0052
0
0
0
7971.2943 7971.2970 7971.2970 7970.4972
0.7971
7970.4972 79.7050 3133.2230
11315.115 11315.118 11315.118 8037.0552 3267.5591 8037.0552 141.06187 3135.2882
Arus 17
Arus 18
Arus 19
4.2601
4.8707
4.2601
0.1073
0.1226
0.1073
0.6193
0.7081
0.6193
0.2145
0.2453
0.2145
0
0
0
0
0
0
7890.7922 9021.8483 7890.7922
7895.9934 9027.795 7895.9934

Lampiran Neraca Massa Dan Panas Prarancangan Pabrik Anilin Dari Nitrobenzene

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Lampiran Neraca Massa Dan Panas Prarancangan Pabrik Anilin Dari Nitrobenzene

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

LAMPIRAN A

PERHITUNGAN NERACA MASSA

Spesifikasi bahan baku

Tabel Data Masing-masing Komponen

Tabel Neraca Massa Separator

Perbandingan mol Nitrobezen terhadap H2 = 1:3

x C6H5NO2 yang masuk

Reaksi yang Reaksi

= H2O yang masuk

= C6H4NO2 yang masuk

= C6H6 yang masuk

= (3/1) x C6H5NO2 yang bereaksi

Neraca Massa Total Reaktor

A.3 Flash Tank

Gas Hidrogen (H2)

Gas Metana (CH4)

x CH4 yang masuk

Komposisi Bahan Cair

A.5 MENARA DISTILASI

A. Massa Masuk Menara Distilasi pada Kondisi Bubble Point

Jadi bisa disimpulkan bahwa suhu pemasukan umpan sebesar 170,11 C

Menentukan Massa Bottom

Menentukan Nilai xbi

C. Perhitungan Suhu Atas (Dew point)

Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa T distilat adalah 182,7943C

Trial pada T dianggap benar apabila Syi = 1

Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa T bottom adalah 172,5794C

Spesifikasi bahan baku

Tabel Data Masing-masing Komponen

Tabel Neraca Massa Separator

Perbandingan mol Nitrobezen terhadap H2 = 1:3

x C6H5NO2 yang masuk

Reaksi yang Reaksi

= H2O yang masuk

= C6H4NO2 yang masuk

= C6H6 yang masuk

= (3/1) x C6H5NO2 yang bereaksi

= CH4 yang masuk

Neraca Massa Total Reaktor

A.3 Flash Tank

Komposisi Bahan yang Teruapkan

Gas Hidrogen (H2)

Gas Metana (CH4)

x CH4 yang masuk

Komposisi Bahan Cair

A.5 MENARA DISTILASI

A. Massa Masuk Menara Distilasi pada Kondisi Bubble Point

Jadi bisa disimpulkan bahwa suhu pemasukan umpan sebesar 170,11 C

Menentukan Massa Bottom

Menentukan Nilai xbi

C. Perhitungan Suhu Atas (Dew point)

Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa T distilat adalah 182,7943C

Trial pada T dianggap benar apabila Syi = 1

Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa T bottom adalah 172,5794C

Data Data yang Diperlukan

Sumber Yaws dan Himmelblau

Kapasitas panas untuk Cooper Carbonate dicari dengan pendekatan pada

Data entalpi pembentukan

Data bilangan Antoine

B.1 Heater (E-114)

Menaikkan suhu feed menjadi 250oC

27.1430T + 9.2730E-03 T2 - 1.3800E-05 T3 + 7.6450E-09 T4 dT

27.1430T + 9.2730E-03 T2 - 1.3800E-05 T3 + 7.6450E-09 T4 dT