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Israels Iron Dome
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Contents
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September 1, 2014
AVIATION WEEK
Winner 2013
& S PA C E T E C H N O L O G Y
38
Feedback
Whos Where
The World
Up Front
Commanders Intent
Inside Business Aviation
Airline Intel
In Orbit
Washington Outlook
Classied
Contact Us
Aerospace Calendar
THE WORLD
11 Pilatus preparing its PC-24 twinengine business jet for a rst ight
next spring after prototype rollout
MISSILE DEFENSE
DEFENSE
AIR TRANSPORT
nozzle on a modied 787 show potential for fuel savings on future designs
SPACE
UTILITY AIRCRAFT
ON THE COVER
34
20 Iron Dome
has demonstrated
improved performance,
scoring an almost 90%
success rate.
WorldMags.net
23 Pentagon unveils
new guidance that
expands the competition
in its contracting.
AviationWeek.com/awst
WorldMags.net
September 1, 2014
AVIATION SAFETY
18
ENGINEERING
VIEWPOINT
24
On the Web
A round-up of what youre reading on AviationWeek.com
Late astronaut Steve Nagel was a classy guy with a droll wit, Executive Editor Jim Asker writes in
our On Space blog. Read about how Nagel landed short at Edwards AFB in the space shuttle but managed to joke about it. ow.ly/AP3Te. AviationWeek.com/OnSpace
Join us for the Check 6 podcast this
week as Aviation Week editors discuss
the advances being made in avian
and wildlife management at airports.
AviationWeek.com/Podcast
QUIS CUSTODIET
Bill Sweetman, our senior international
defense editor, takes a critical look at
the arguments of a critic of Israels
Iron Dome anti-rocket defense
system (see page 20). Read
Sweetmans extensive critique on
our Ares defense blog ow.ly/AP5DP.
AviationWeek.com/Ares
Use AWIN to find supPREMIUM pliers in thousands of
CONTENT product categories and
subcategories. Its powerful search function allows you to find
suppliers by location, company size,
minority-owned/disadvantaged status
and more. AviationWeek.com/awin
Keep up with all the
news and blogs from
Aviation Weeks editors.
Follow @AviationWeek or like us at
Facebook.com/AvWeek
Follow
AviationWeek.com/awst
MOUNTAIN SEARCH
Hiking up one of tallest peaks in the
Adirondacksin the rainis not most
peoples idea of fun, but when searching
for one of the many airplane wrecks
hidden among the upstate New York
parks mountains, pain and discomfort
are irrelevant. What was relevant was
nding a hull of a Piper Cherokee that
crashed atop Mt. Marshall at midnight on
Sept. 1, 1970. ow.ly/AOZV6.
AviationWeek.com/ThingsWithWings
On a column about the
FanWing concept for intermodal cargo container
transport, reader M_5teve
writes: Perhaps, an effort geared
toward increasing capacity in the oversized/overweight cargo market would
be a more profitable ventureespecially
given current air cargo overcapacity and
the cavernous 777X looming over the
horizon. ow.ly/AP7Sn
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READER
COMMENT
Feedback
IP SUPREMACY
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BACK-ROOM INTENSITY
Innovations Quiet March, the
headline of a recent commentary
(AW&ST Aug. 11/18, p. 18) is an accurate description. It happens every day
in the back rooms of most aerospace
companies, carried out by a few creative, persistent engineers, protected
by their management from wasting
time with strategists and other noninnovators. True innovators do not go
to air shows.
The F-35B shaft-driven lift-fan
propulsion system was invented by
two engineers in the back room of the
Skunk Works in 1990 and patented.
The radome technology used on the
F-22 and the F-35 was invented by one
BEAVERCREEK, OHIO
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rian Colan has become vice
president/controller/chief accounting officer of the Lockheed
Martin Corp., Bethesda, Maryland. He
succeeds Christopher Gregoire, who
is now vice president-nance and business operations for Lockheed Martin
Mission Systems and Training. Colan
was vice president/controller for Lockheed Martins Missiles and Fire Control and Electronic Systems.
Robert Molsbergen (see photo) has
been appointed president of NetJets
subsidiary Executive Jet Management
in Cincinnati and chief operating officer
of its international aircraft management business. He was president of
Easy Energy Systems and had been
president of MD Helicopters.
Jack Arehart has been named
president of Delta TechOps MRO. He
was co-chief commercial officer at the
AAR Corp. and was an executive at
the Nordam Group and Timco Aviation Services.
David Chambers has become vice
president-sales in North America for
Atlanta-based SITA. He has been an
executive with Sabre Airline Solutions
and American Airlines.
Talha A. Zobair (see photo) has
been appointed vice president-tax
for the Falls Church, Virginia-based
Northrop Grumman Corp. He was senior tax counsel and director of global
taxes for Raytheon.
John T. Stankey has been named
to the board of directors of UPS. He is
group president/chief strategy officer
of AT&T.
Tom Z. Collina has become director of policy for the Washington-based
Ploughshares Fund. He was research
director of the Arms Control Association and has been executive director/
co-founder of the Institute for Science
and International Security and director of the global security program at
the Union of Concerned Scientists.
Bill Rossi (see photo) has been appointed Singapore-based vice president-sales and acquisitions for Nordic
Aviation Capital. He was Asia-Pacic
sales director for Embraer.
Paul Lithgow has been named chief
of advanced concepts for NovaWurks
Inc., Los Alamitos, California.
Wade Burchell has become aerospace market manager for the Su-
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ROTORCRAFT
AgustaWestland To Pay Fines
Finmeccanica-owned helicopter company AgustaWestland has agreed to
pay nes to halt Italian investigations
into charges of bribery involving the
sale of 12 VVIP helicopters to India.
Judges have agreed with prosecutors
that the company can settle the case by
paying a ne, the company said in an
Aug. 28 statement. The Italian branch
of AgustaWestland will pay an 80,000
($105,000) ne, while the U.K. branch
of the manufacturer will pay 300,000
in nes, while a further 7.5 million
will be conscated, the company said.
AgustaWestland says payment of the
nes is not an admission of wrongdoing.
Finmeccanica has been keen to put the
scandal of almost 18 months behind it
so it can continue with its ongoing reorganization, led by group CEO Mauro
Moretti. In January, the Indian government terminated the 560 million ($754
million) contract for the 12 helicopters
after the scandal emerged.
AIR TRANSPORT
SIPA/NEWSCOM
The World
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task force to address how this information can be collected effectively and
disseminated by fail-safe channels.
Meanwhile the Netherlands safety
board, which is conducting the official
investigation of the MH17 shootdown,
has yet to send its investigators to the
crash site in eastern Ukraine due to
the ongoing conict there. Although
additional investigation at the crash
site itself is preferable, it is not impossible to conduct an effective investigation based on other sources and to
produce a denitive nal report, the
board said in an Aug. 21 update on its
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website. Once a secure and stable situation has been established, the Dutch
safety board will visit the location . . .
to verify the results of the investigation
from other sources and to conduct a
specic search for wreckage and other
vital pieces. Forensic data collected to
date includes the ight data and cockpit voice recorders, satellite images
and radar information.
WorldMags.net
Switzerlands Pilatus Aircraft is preparing its PC-24 twin-engine business jet for a first flight
next spring after rolling out the first prototype last month. Powered by two 3,400-lb.-thrust Williams International FJ44-4A turbofans, the PC-24 is a superlight jet designed to fly four passengers 1,950 nm, with a maximum cruise speed of 425 kt., maximum altitude of 45,000 ft. and
the ability to operate from short runways
and unprepared airstrips. Maximum takeoff
weight is 17,650 lb. A large cargo door, a
popular feature of Pilatuss single-turboprop
PC-12, will be standard. In May, the company announced it has taken 84 orders for
the PC-24. The Swiss air force is to operate
one as a VIP transport for the Swiss Federal
Council. The flight-test program will involve
three prototypes, with certification and first
deliveries planned for 2017.
SPACE
Cubesats Wander Off
NASA
OBITUARY
AviationWeek.com/awst
DEFENSE
Illustrious Decommissioned
The U.K. Royal Navys last Invincibleclass aircraft carrier, HMS Illustrious, has been decommissioned. The
22,000-ton ship, which has been
used as a helicopter carrier since the
withdrawal of the Harrier GR9 eet
in 2010, was formally retired during
a ceremony in Portsmouth on Aug.
28. The ships helicopter-carrying
role will now be undertaken by HMS
Ocean, which has just undergone a
15-month 65 million ($108 million)
ret which included upgrades to the
ight deck, hangar and aviation facilities. The U.K. Defense Ministry wants
to preserve Illustrious as a tribute to
the personnel who served on all three
of the Invincible-class carriers. Bids
from private companies, charities and
trusts to secure her future are being
considered.
Air Force, flew as a test pilot and accumulated 12,600 hr. flying time.
Nagel became a NASA astronaut in 1979. His shuttle flights included two German Spacelab missions and deployments of satellites,
including the Gamma Ray Observatory.
His third flight brought unwanted attention in the pages of Aviation Week when the Atlantis touched down more than 600 ft. before the runway threshold marked on the dry lakebed at Edwards
AFB, California (AW&ST April 21, 1991, p. 25). Asked whether the
incident would hurt his chances of flying the shuttle again, Nagel
handled the question with aplomb: Being written up in Aviation
Week for a short landing was not one of my career goals, if thats
what you mean. Two years later, Nagel commanded another mission, a short gap between flights for an astronaut.
Nagel retired from the astronaut corps in 1995 and from NASA in
2011. Among his survivors is Linda Godwin, whom he married when
both were astronauts.
WorldMags.net
PILATUS AIRCRAFT
Up Front
By Richard Aboulaa
WorldMags.net
COMMENTARY
Bombardiers
Uncertain Future
Spring and summer setbacks leave many open
questions about the airframers direction
ombardier has endured a summer that can be characterized
as a series of serious cuts. The setbacks and wounds raise
difficult questions about the companys future.
BOMBARDIER
WorldMags.net
Contributing columnist
Richard Aboulaa is
vice president of analysis at Teal
Group. He is based in
Washington.
WorldMags.net
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All paid subscribers will receive expanded content sections in digital format. Selected subscribers will also receive either the MRO or Defense Technology section insert in their printed copy of AW&ST.
Commanders Intent
By Bill Sweetman
WorldMags.net
COMMENTARY
Clausewitzless
The ghost behind the airpower debate
ts unlikely that the U.S. Air Force will be abolished in anyones
lifetime, whatever Robert Farley may think (AW&ST July 28,
p. 50). Former Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Norton Schwartz
and attorney Charles Blanchard (AW&ST Aug. 25, p. 50) competently defend the Air Forces operational record and doctrine in
their response.
CLAUSEWITZ.COM
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AviationWeek.com/awst
By William Garvey
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COMMENTARY
Success, Unhappily
Music to some; mayhem to others
hhhh. Hear that? Listen closely. That oh-so-faint hush is
the sound of Summer 2014 departing. And nowhere is that
whisper more welcome than in the backyards, on the patios and
at poolside within the tony enclaves of Long Islands South Fork,
and most particularly the East Hampton environs.
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Airline Intel
By Brian Sumers
WorldMags.net
Transport Editor-Americas
Brian Sumers can be reached at:
brian.sumers@aviationweek.com
COMMENTARY
FRONTIER AIRLINES
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In Orbit
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NASA
COMMENTARY
Howdy, Pardner
Push comes to pull in NASA space tech
ne of the hallmarks of the space policy introduced by the
Obama administration ve years ago was a shift from technology pull to technology push. Instead of setting out to invent
WorldMags.net
Washington Outlook
WorldMags.net
Managing Editor-Defense,
Space & Security Jen DiMascio blogs
at: AviationWeek.com/ares
jennifer.dimascio@aviationweek.com
COMMENTARY
Airing Disputes
NTSB, UPS spar over release of press statements
ven if information is publicly accessible, should it be deliberately circulated? That is the question surrounding the
National Transportation Safety Boards decision to oust UPS
and its pilots union, the Independent Pilots Association (IPA),
from the investigation into the August 2013 crash of UPS Flight
1354. On the eve of the one-year anniversary of the Aug. 13 Airbus A300-600 crash that killed two people, IPA issued a press
REUTERS/LANDOV FILE PHOTO
release calling the accident a
fatigue crash, citing publicly
available information from
the cockpit voice recorders,
and lobbying for cargo airlines
to be included in new fatigue
rules that apply only to passenger-carrying airlines. The
same release was posted on
Air Cargo Worlds website.
GETTING REAL
Crisis has a way of spurring action,
even in the most sluggish of multinational groups. As Russia continues
inching into Ukraine, this weeks NATO
Summit in Cardiff, Wales, may address
some real changes for the 65-year-old
organization. Outgoing Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen, anticipates adopting a readiness action plan
to pre-position supplies and assistance
in Eastern Europe.
Moving past the perennial discussion
of member nations contribution to the
NATO cost-sharing pool, developments
to watch for include the establishment
of a stronger, persistent rotating
presence in Poland as well as a pos-
SHOCKED, SHOCKED
News that NASAs Space Launch
Systems rst launch may come as late
as November 2018, nearly a year after
its previously scheduled date, is not
playing well among Republican critics
of the Obama administrations space
policy on Capitol Hill. Although NASA
officials remain optimistic that the
heavy-lift rocket could take off closer
to its December 2017 launch date, a
mathematical model that considers
development risks is predicting the
later launch (see page 27). In a letter to
NASA Administrator Charles Bolden,
Reps. Lamar Smith (Texas) and Steven
Palazzo (Miss.), who lead the House
Science Committee and its space
subcommittee, argue that the administration has chronically underfunded
SLS and allude to another potential
delay of the Orion multipurpose crew
vehicle, which had also been slated to
launch in 2017. It appears as though
the administration is starving these
programs of funding and preventing
important development work with the
goal of pushing back schedules, write
Smith and Palazzo. The congressmen
are seeking answers to a number of
questions by Sept. 10, including when
the administration knew the 2017 date
might slip. c
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MISSILE DEFENSE
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Under Cover
ZEEV STEIN
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MISSILE DEFENSE
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building an aircraft as they ew it.
The priority now, directed last year
by Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel (related to North Koreas saber-rattling) is
to deploy 14 more EKV-tipped GBIs
bringing the total eet to 44in 2017.
Syring is focusing the agency to
fulll this requirement at least in part
with a new, more reliable EKV CE-III.
It is [more directed], not rush and get
something out there that is not tested,
because I have got a good conguration now that I am comfortable with,
Syring said in the interview. The next
vehicle will be rst dependent on testing, rst dependent on proper development, rst dependent on system engineering, [and] on needed producibility
and reliability, Syring said.
The procurement strategy and
funding is being hashed out now as
the Pentagon crafts the fiscal 2016
budget that is due to go to Congress
early next year. Thus Syring declined
to outline a program start date or an
initial elding timeline. Debate is ongoing in the missile-defense community
about how fast to pace the effort and
whether Syring is proceeding with
too much caution. Too slow a program exposes the elding to being
outpaced by the threat, which is
growing, according to one government official. Industry sourcesas
alwayssuggest the system could
be elded faster.
We are thinking through this
very hard. I have spent a lot of time
on this. Industry is always wanting to
go faster, Syring said. It is my job
to balance that risk and make sure
we dont jump [without] the proper
system engineering on the solution.
Syring says the next official GMD
ight-test is slated for 2016; a total of
seven are planned before 2024. Each
ight trial costs around $200 million.
However, industry sources suggest
funding could be added for a ight trial
to test xes to the DACS on the EKV
CE-II next year. Syring did not comment on this, because it is part of the
scal 2016 budget debate.
He is quick to note that a new EKV
is not a silver bullet. Syring plans to
continue a focus on improving the
missile defense architectures ability
to discriminate between actual targets and countermeasures (AW&ST
Aug. 5, 2013, p. 66). These efforts include building a new Long-Range Discrimination Radar for emplacement in
Alaska and continued testing with the
MTS-B and, eventually, the MTS-C infrared balls on the Reaper unmanned
aircraft as an airborne, early-warningand-target-tracking layer.
Im not tying to balance all of the
risk on the EKV. It is a spread of risk
across the kill chain, and of not trying
to do too much with one item, Syring
said. He added, You have got to have
the kill-chain capability to balance the
risk across the program. It is not that
we assume this huge technical risk
with a new GBI and a new EKV that
needs to do everything. c
U.S. MISSILE DEFENSE AGENCY
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DEFENSE
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Seeking Dogghts
Pentagon acquisition
czar Frank Kendalls
latest policy changes look
to boost competition.
ROCKWELL COLLINS
But in an era of so-called sequestration and relative austerity, the combination of far fewer new programs to bid
on plus increased competition simply
means more risk to the bottom line. It
also shifts more power to the purchaser,
the Pentagon. While defense officials
Kendalls overarching
goal is to instill a culture of
continuous competition
in a sector where monopoly
and duopoly providers have
all but been selected to come forward.
Examples include Lockheed Martin
with the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, and
General Dynamics and Huntington Ingalls in shipbuilding. To achieve this, he
is calling on three more of his favorite
management tools: mining data, providing examples, and holding
people accountable.
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DEFENSE
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TED CARLSON/FOTODYNAMICS
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Steady
Spending
Indonesian defense
budget to allow
continued spree
Leithen Francis
Jakarta, Indonesia
DEFENSE
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SUKHOI
the C295, says Purnomo. The Philippines and Thailand are interested in
the C295a stretch version of the
CN235an aircraft that IAe has been
manufacturing and exporting for decades, he says. The CN235 is similar
to the Spanish-built version.
The Philippines and Brunei are
considering the CN235 maritime patrol aircraft from Indonesia, Purnomo
says.
Though defense accounts for 0.9%
of Indonesias GDP, spending has increased signicantly in dollar terms,
because Indonesias economy has been
experiencing double-digit growth. We
are now second [in Southeast Asia]
only to Singapore, adds Purnomo,
adding that Indonesias defense spending in 2014 was $8.4 billion.
The procurement budget also has
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SPACE
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Bigger Picture
AviationWeek.com/awst
billion for SLS, and accords with projected funding for 2015
and beyond. Under a House appropriations bill passed in
late May, SLS would receive $1.6 billion in 2015, while a Senate version would provide $1.7 billion. President Obamas
budget has meanwhile requested $1.35 billion for the SLS
in 2015.
The agency expects to gain a much rmer idea about the
full extent of the cost and schedule risks to the entire SLS
program next year, following the completion of separate
KDP-C reviews for the development of the ground infrastructure at Kennedy Space Center and the Lockheed Martin-built Orion spacecraft. We will hit the ground systems
next and then do Orion in early 2015. At that point, we will
bring the three elements together to assess readiness for
EM-1, says Lightfoot.
The main elements of SLS are on track, though there
are some risks in front of us and challengesand Im sure
things will show up, says Gerstenmaier. NASA has recently
focused on solid modeling to resolve loads issues associated
with interactions between the launch vehicle and the solid
rocket boosters. It has also been tackling acoustic loads challenges related to reected sound coming back at the vehicle
from the launch pad as the engines come to life he adds.
Another watch item is related to avionics development and
software interaction.
In terms of progress with parts, the agencys Michoud
Assembly Facility in New Orleans is making the rst pieces
of ight hardware for SLS. Sixteen RS-25 engines, enough
for four ights, are in inventory at the Stennis Space Center,
in Bay St. Louis, Mississippi, where an engine is already
installed and ready for testing in the October-November
period. ATK has also conducted successful test-rings of
the boosters and is preparing for the rst qualication motor test.
NASA has also completed a series of structural tests on an
18-ft. (5.5-meter) diameter, lightweight composite cryogenic
fuel tank which could ultimately be used for future SLS stages. Conducted at Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville,
Alabama, the tests included lling the Boeing-built composite
tank with almost 30,000 gal. of liquid hydrogen chilled to
-423F and repeatedly cycling the pressure between 20-53 lb.
per square inch. c
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NASA MICHOUD
AIR TRANSPORT
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Spanning
Challenges
Some 15 A380s operate into Heathrow daily. Emirates ies A380s on all
ve of its daily London-Dubai rotations,
while Singapore Airlines uses the type
on three of its four daily ights. And the
number looks set to rise, with British
Airways taking delivery of more A380s
in the coming months, to be joined by
Qatar Airways and Etihad in October
and December, respectively.
But ever-increasing A380 operations
at Heathrow could also potentially have
a negative impact on what is the worlds
busiest two-runway international airport, suggest officials from the U.K.s
air navigation service provider, National
Air Traffic Services (NATS) .
Senior NATS air traffic controllers
say the biggest impact comes from the
spacing requirement for the aircraft,
which is in the super wake vortex
category. As an A380 departs, it requires up to 3 min. of spacing between
it and the next aircraft ifas it often
is at Heathrowit is a smaller narrowbody type, such as an Airbus A320 or
Boeing 737.
Because the airport routinely operates at around 99% of its runway capacity, the 3-min. hold time before the
aircraft behind the A380 can depart
can have a signicant impact on the
number of aircraft that can use the
runway per hour.
Greater distances between traffic
are also required on approach. According to International Civil Aviation
Organization (ICAO) guidelines, minimum separation for a heavy category
aircraft such as a Boeing 747 behind an
A380 is 6 nm., two more than behind
another 747. The restrictions only apply below 10,000 ft. Medium-size aircraft up to the Boeing 757 have to keep
a 7 nm. separation and smaller aircraft
eight.
Heathrow aims for around 42-44
movements or departures per hour and
runway, but if that gure dips below 36,
operations managers may not be able
to t the days schedule into one day,
affecting the airports hub operations.
Signicant impacts are also felt with
the A380s relatively high runway occupancy time (ROT)for landing run
and taxi-offas well as line-up (for
takeoff ) times (LUT).
According to Jon Proudlove, NATS
general manager at Heathrow, Boeing
747s can take around 45 sec. to taxi
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Sum of Weekly
Departures
Operations at capacity-constrained
Heathrow Airport were considered a
key market for the Airbus A380,
but its increasing use may be
affecting airport effciency.
AviationWeek.com/awst
Grand Total
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AIR TRANSPORT
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In our pursuit of ever more efficient engines, exhaust gas temperatures have been getting hotter, and
thatcoupled with increased community noise restrictionshas really
challenged our traditional structures
and materials. We are currently pushing them to their full capabilities,
Petervary says. The CMC tests on the
ecoDemonstrator give Boeing the opportunity to expand the current state
of the art of its suite of materials and
structures for nacelle and propulsion
system integration.
Nozzle
Interface
CMC Exhaust
Nozzle Shell
Core Flow
CMC Acoustic
Sandwich
Tail Bearing
Housing
Titanium
Aft Cap
Centerbody
Interface
Centerbody
Core Flow
Source: Boeing
FanFlow
Titanium
Nozzle Faring
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After
The MRJ
AviationWeek.com/awst
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MITSUBISHI AIRCRAFT
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AIR TRANSPORT
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Do It Yourself
BAGDROP SYSTEMS
Self-tagging reduces effort for airline agents and lowers airline costs.
Tags are printed at home on standard
letter-size paper, then folded and inserted in reusable tag holders supplied by the airline. Carriers can put
ads on holders to pull in extra revenue.
Or check-in kiosks can print tags, as
SITAs now do. Self-service bag drops
are a little trickier.
Small hurdles and challenges
abound for self-service adoption.
Europe, for instance, requires green
strips on checked bags. The industry
is discussing this with regulators and
expects a solution.
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UTILITY AIRCRAFT
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Revival Mission
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VIKING AIR
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AVIATION SAFETY
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Avian
Awareness
U
U.S. DEPARTMENT AGRICULTURE
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NTSB
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cluded that the unique and critical sequence of loss and recovery of engine
power following the strike caused the
accident, and urged the FAA to improve
engine tolerances to bird ingestion.
The report did not discuss improving wildlife mitigation tactics. Despite
this, airports responded, kicking off
22
20
Reported Strikes
Reported Strikes with Damage
per 100,000 Aircraft Movements
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
12
20
10
20
08
20
06
20
04
20
02
20
00
20
98
19
96
19
94
19
92
19
90
19
Source: FAA
AviationWeek.com/awst
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AVIATION SAFETY
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Damaging Wildlife Strikes
Commercial Aircraft in the U.S.
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
19
19
19
19
19
12
10
08
06
04
02
00
98
96
94
92
90
Source: FAA
key to reducing risk. FAA began collecting strike reports in 1965, but for years
used them only during cursory trend
reviews. In 1995, the FAA and USDA
Wildlife Services division teamed up
to analyze both new strike reports and
those dating back to 1990. Among its
goals: Develop a consistent, deep data
set to be used to help guide national
policy and identify areas of risk.
The effort became the FAAs Wildlife
Strike Database, which now has 142,600
reports dating back to 1990. Online reporting was added in 2001; 83% of last
years reports were led online.
Despite the progress in reporting,
experts estimate that 60% of all civil
strikes go unreported. While nearly
all are believed to be non-damaging
strikes or ones that involve very small
birds, the opportunity to bolster data
sets and boost awareness of factors like
migration patterns has some urging
the FAA to mandate strike reporting.
The mandate debate is not new, and
an informal survey at Birdstrike Committee U.S.A.s recent annual meeting
showed that many stakeholders are
convinced the current approach is sufcient. Mandating reports would introduce myriad challenges such as what information should be required to ensure
the best data set, and who should be
required to le reports. While most reports come from airport staff who nd
carcasses on the ground, many come
from pilots and maintenance technicians doing routine work on engines.
Enforcement also is an issue. Determining whether a reporting system is
in place is one thing. Proving a known
strike was not reported is more of a
challenge. But some believe following
the lead of agencies like the U.K. Civil
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Other*
459 Strikes
Birds
10,856 Strikes
Source: FAA
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ed study helps an airport dene specic risks and sets the parameters for
crafting a plan to address them.
Typically, wildlife has been considered an act of God or nature, Weller
says. People understand it is a threat
like so many other threats. [But] people
who say you cant do anything about it
are not understanding wildlife.
As airports become more aware of
what they need to do to reduce strike
risks, they are better positioned to
leverage the USDAs expertise. The
agency has been working on airport issues since the 1950s, and partners with
the FAA to manage data and support
wildlife mitigation efforts. USDA has
full-time biologists at about 140 civil
and military airports, says Mike Begier, the departments Airport Wildlife
Hazards Program national coordinator.
The agency contracts with hundreds of
other airports to conduct assessments,
create plans and carry out mitigation efforts such as trapping and lethal culling.
While data show that on-airport efforts are yielding desired results, the
Flight 1549 accident sequence spotlighted what many see as the next maAviationWeek.com/awst
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AVIATION SAFETY
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Tortoise Trouble
Airport in Florida tries articial turf
to contain protected species
John Croft Washington
Wily Adaptation
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waterfowl, crows/blackbirds and raptorsfell 29% year-overyear, despite the fact that Jet worked only twice per day. Birds
became so scarce during Jets patrols that he resorted to herding alligatorsa habit quickly addressed in follow-up training.
The airport has one border collie on staff at a time; this
year it will introduce its fourth. Each is trained to herd, not
hunt, during regular patrols with a handler.
The decision to employ a dog stemmed from the airports
rst comprehensive wildlife assessment, an 11-month process
conducted by the Department of Agriculture and completed
in 1998. Such studies, more detailed than the annual assessments required by FAA, are done by only a handful of airports, says Carter, who wrote a widely used paper on how to
conduct them. They also are the only way to get a complete
picture of year-round wildlife hazards.
The study revealed 113 species on or near the aireld. Most
were birds, 92% of which were wading species, waterfowl, or
crows/blackbirdsa nding that helped land Jet his job.
The detailed wildlife-sighting data were plotted into a geographic information system. The resulting map presented
hazards in different ways, such as by season. The aggregated
data showed high-risk, or red wildlife hazard zones in several areas, including at each end of the airports lone runway.
It was a little scary, Ellen Lindblad, director of the Lee
County Port Authoritys Planning & Environmental Compliance Department, said of the maps revelations. But it [was]
the most important thing we got out of our assessment.
Airport officials leveraged the map to gain approval for sevAviationWeek.com/awst
bilize shoulders
and safety areas,
the agency stated.
Side benets of articial turf include
keeping the grass
mowers away
f ro m t h e r u n way safety areas.
Speake says articial turf could also
cut down on bird
activity near the
runway, although
a reduction in
bird strikes was
not considered to
be a direct benet.
Given the ongoing liability concerns
of an errant aircraft rolling over a tortoise hole, the FAA last year decided to
fund the installation of a 3.5-acre test
site of articial turf at the approach end
of the shorter Runway 18 at the airport,
in part to collect data over a one-year
period on the relative safety of highspeed veer-offs or high-speed emergency vehicle operations that could be
used to update the advisory circular.
AvTurf completed the installation in
November, which included four discrete
sections that have two different thick-
eral projects, including removing hundreds of acres of vegetation near the runway ends to deter birds. The assessment
led to a three-phase, multiyear wildlife mitigation plan and
highlighted two separate but related problems with on-airport
water features that were too habitable for avian visitors.
One, a 160-acre stormwater lake, suffered severe erosion
during storms that hit soon after its 2001 construction. The
lakes edges were designed with the FAAs required 2:1 slope,
a 26-deg. drop into the water meant to make the shoreline less
attractive to wildlife. But the combination of the steep slope
and the lakes size left it susceptible to erosion from waves, and
several storms, including hurricanes, took their toll.
Engineers offered several options, including installing
natural riprapthe rocky rubble that armors a shoreline
higher up the banks. Geostar Corp.s Hydrotex product,
which creates an articial bank by pumping ne aggregate
concrete into mesh-like mats covering a restored slope, was
chosen. The cost: $3.1 million. The result: nearly 2 mi. of concrete shoreline that starts above the water and runs into the
lake. Birds do not like it, waves cannot move it, andunlike
natural riprapit does not require regular replenishment.
Lake 4, built in the airports construction phasewhen the
FAA mandated shallow, bird-friendly shorelinesalso needed
steepening and deepening, Lindblad says. It was determined
that a $386,000 project combining a 2:1 sideslope topped with
natural riprap would suffice. Post-construction, the few birds
seen near the rebuilt Lake 4 shoreline have been perched on a
fence, away from the water and out of the border collies reach. c
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AVIATION SAFETY
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Animal Magnetism
RAY HARVEY
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Taming Tactics
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JOHN CROFT/AW&ST
AVIATION SAFETY
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Strike Solutions
USDA wildlife biologists are using a radio-controlled aircraft to determine whether pulsating
landing lights at certain wavelengths can warn
Canada geese of an impending collision.
U.S. AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT
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ENGINEERING
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Replacement
Cycle
At the laboratory stage is a full horizontal tailplane, including the stabilizer and elevators. We have manufactured a
demonstrator for an aircraft the size of a bizjet, says Richard
Cobben, Fokker Aerostructures technology vice president.
A 10% weight reduction can be expected compared to thermoset material, he asserts.
Airbus appears relatively conservative on the A350 XWB,
which uses thermoplastic clips and brackets. The A380 has
thermoplastic J-nose leading edges, adds Christian Weimer,
a composite-material expert with Airbus Group Innovations.
On the Boeing 787, Montreal-based Marquez supplies thermoplastic air ducts for personal service units. Designed with
glass ber, the part is said to be much lighter and is much
quicker to produce than comparable ones5 min. versus 6
hr. Boeing did not answer Aviation Week requests for more
details on thermoplastics on the 787.
Aerostructure specialist Daher-Socata in July announced
it had completed the construction of a lighter, cheaper carbon-ber wingbox demonstrator dubbed Ecowingbox. Both
thermoset and thermoplastic resins were tried, even for the
main spar. Eventually, the main spar was made with a thermoset resin. Thermoplastics can be found elsewhere in the
wingbox, such as the stringers.
In cabin interiors, thermoplastics have been increasingly
used for the thinner part design they enable, their straightforward manufacturing and their excellent behavior in ame,
smoke and toxicity tests.
They are now beginning to be chosen
for more critical features. The European
Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) in April
certied Expliseats titanium seat, which
Some 15-20 years ago, thermoplastics were tried and rejected, including using them in the wing of Boeings X-32
demonstrator for the Joint Strike Fighter program. At the
time, however, suitable processing technologies such as ber
placement and thermoforming were still unavailable. Moreover, the expected demand for thousands of military aircraft
dwindled down to hundreds. Thus, the advantage thermoplastics have in faster manufacturing for higher volumes was
no longer of interest.
The latest advancements show that thermoplastics can
be used in more, increasingly large primary structure components. Fokker manufactures the horizontal tail of the indevelopment AgustaWestland AW169 medium twin helicopter. This yields a 15% weight savings over previous composite
technology, Fokker claims, thanks to the stiffness of the material. The Dassault Falcon 5X, scheduled to perform its rst
ight next year, and the in-service Gulfstream G650 business
jets have their rudder and elevators made of thermoplastics.
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Sept. 10-12International Air Transport
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Sept. 15SpeedNews Second Annual
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Viewpoint
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Not a Replay,
A Stepping Stone
he Moon is the next world for humanity to
explore and turn into a new homeeven as
we push out into the deeper ocean of space.
Forty-ve years ago, a few of us wandered her surface, yet we turned away, not realizing the importance of what we had doneor what could be done.
Now it is clearly time to return and, by learning
how to live there, to prepare ourselves to plant the
seeds of humanity on the red sands of Mars.
Unfortunately, current national space policy,
while calling for missions to asteroids and Mars,
leaves the Moon out completelyan approach
the National Research Council says is unlikely to
work. The International Space Station (ISS) has
helped train us to operate continuously in low
Earth orbit, to build large structures and even
carry on commercial activities in a community of
international partners.
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Wine sponsored by 'MPSJEBT(SFBU/PSUIXFTU
2:00-2:30
PRATT & WHITNEY
(SFH(FSOIBSEU
PurePower PW1000G Program Briefing
VP, 30K Programs - PW1000G
2:30-3:00
CFM INTERNATIONAL
4BOESJOF-BDPSSF
LEAP: Up and Running
LEAP Prod. Marketing Director
3:00-3:30
Afternoon Tea Break - Htel Palladia Patio
3:30-4:00
ROLLS-ROYCE
3JDIBSE(PPEIFBE
Better Power for a Changing World
VP, Customer Strategy & Mktg.
4:00-4:30
SPIRIT AEROSYSTEMS
4DPUU.D-BSUZ
Supply Chain Management: Lessons Learned and
VP, UK & Malaysia Operations
Applied from Development Programs
4:30-5:00
ICF INTERNATIONAL
%BWJE4UFXBSU
The E-Enabled Aircraft: Supply Chain Implications VP, Aerospace & MRO
Practice Leader
5:00
Wrap-up
+PBOOB4QFFE
6:30
Buses leave from Htel Palladia for Dinner at Fondation Bemberg
Transportation sponsored by &OUSBEB(SPVQ
7:00-9:00
Dinner at Fondation Bemberg, Champagne and Wine sponsored by
$*3$03"FSPTQBDF%FGFOTF
9:30-9:45
Buses leave for Htel Palladia
4&15&.#&3
8&%/&4%":
8:00-9:00 am
Breakfast - Htel Palladia Restaurant, sponsored by $PWJOHUPO$PVOUZ
"MBCBNB64"
9:00-10:00
10:00-10:30
10:30-11:30
11:30-12:15 pm
12:30-2:00
2:00-2:30
2:30-3:00
3:00-3:30
3:30-4:00
4:00-4:30
4:30-5:00
1JFSSF$IBP
Managing Partner
5:00-5:25
AIRBUSINESS ACADEMY
Aviation Industry Update: Review and Reflections
8JMMJBN(JCTPO
Head of Aviation Management
5:30
Wrap-up
+PBOOB4QFFE
5:30-7:00
"CPVUUIF$POGFSFODF
SpeedNews is pleased to present its 15th Annual Aviation Industry Suppliers Conference in Toulouse, on September 15-17, 2014.
You will hear from aircraft and engine manufacturers on the status of their programs and learn from experts on important topics affecting our
industry, including delivery and retirement forecasts and a review of the financial status of the aviation industry. We also provide information
pertinent to maintenance companies and subcontractors.
If you are an equipment manufacturer or supplier, involved in raw materials or technologies, marketing, business development or analysis, this
is a conference you wont want to miss. You will leave this conference with a full understanding of the industrys conditions and the ability to
update your companys business plans to stay ahead of the game.
1MFBTFWJTJU4QFFE/FXTDPNGPSNPSFJOGPSNBUJPOPSUPSFHJTUFS
WorldMags.net
WorldMags.net
AN ELECTRIC LEAP
FORWARD.
The Boeing 702SP satellite is the rst and only all-electric satellite, a game-changing technological leap.
The all-electric propulsion system dramatically reduces spacecraft weight, creating more affordable launch
options as well as the opportunity to add additional payload in the 3-8kW range. Two 702SP satellites can
even be stacked on a single launch to reduce costs further. Now, thats the power of innovation.
WorldMags.net