Bergen

Stavanger
Haugesund
Kristiansand
Oslo
Trondheim
Drammen
Bodo
Tromso
Vadso
Validation of LedaFlow

Contractor : SINTEF
Partners: Total, ConocoPhillips and SINTEF
Commercial Partner: KOGT

Content
General Information
LedaFlow

Validation Process
Example of Current Activities
in TEP NORGE
Way Forward for LedaFlow


2
4
2002 2004 11/2010 2005
Phase I:
Proof of
Concept
Phase II:
Fully working
Engineering Tool (SET)
I&C Phase:
Model improvements
and Functionalities
TechForum Participants :
Saudi Aramco ENI - Chevron- Shell Statoil
First Commercial Release of SET
June
2011
3/2012
Industrialization and
Commercialization
2009
Extensive Validation and Testing
Customer Acceptance Testing (CAT): 01/04 30/06/2010
LedaFlow

Current capabilities and Testing

Transient analysis for:
Normal conditions
Turndown
Shutdown
Start-up
Depressurization
Line packing
Terrain slugging
Liquid surges in gas condensate
systems
Gas lift impact on flow conditions
Thermal design of flowlines
Thermodynamic Inhibitor tracking
Compositional tracking
Pigging
Converging and diverging networks

5
We tested them all!
LedaFlow

Validation Process
6
7
Validation of LedaFlow


Validation of Leda 1D
Customer Acceptance Testing (CAT) was conducted from April 1st June 30th 2010
CoP and Total R&D and ECP (CAT) focus on accuracy
COAT (Commercial Acceptance Test): KOGT focus on robustness and speed
The purpose of CAT
to assess if the LedaFlow products satisfy customer acceptance criteria and to end the Phase II
The CAT performed on a frozen version of the LedaFlow Core software (version 2.23) released on
March 31 2010. This release includes:
LedaFlow Point Model v2.23
LedaFlow Steady-State Pre-Processor v2.23
LedaFlow 1D Transient v2.23
Q3D and compositional tracking were not tested
Main Conclusion from CAT
LedaFlow results are comparable to OLGA
pressure drop, liquid holdup, temperature
LedaFlow

predictions were compared to (depending on the availability):
Experimental data
Field data
OLGA predictions (OLGA versions 5.3.1 and 5.3.2)
Continuous Testing of Leda 1D and Q3D
LedaFlow Testing Experimental data
Tests performed on Point Model (on experimental data and field
measurements)
Tiller 2j database (3105 data points) in Stavanger and Paris
Porsgrunn 2j Gas-Condensate database (84 data points)
Porsgrunn 3j Gas-Condensate-Water database (83 data points)
Porsgrunn 3j Gas-Oil-Water database (288 data points)
Porsgrunn 2j Oil-Water database (121 data points)
Downward flow 2j database (130 data points)
Tiller database error distribution analysis
Point-model predictions compared to annular flow data
Boussens database presented in the BHRG conference in Cannes 2011 (blind test)
Steady state tests performed
Inclined Pipe (3 phase, 0.078 m)

Statistical Analysis and special methodology was developed by Total to assist in
processing such large amount of data
8
Tiller loop SINTEF
LedaFlow Testing Field data and with OLGA

only
Field data (steady state and/or transient data depending on the availability)
Miranda database (Multiphase line, 41 km, 12 (Bekapai), Oil dominated, 22 km, 3 (Pecorade ), etc)
Oil dominated in west Africa (Girassol)
Multiphase transport line, gas dominated in North Sea, 22, 150 km long (Huldra to Heimdal)
Two phase gas dominated, diameter: 32, Length: 80km (Middle East Case)
Oil well in West Africa (2 phase, 7 tubing, 1700 m long, deviated) (Dalia well)
Yemen LNG on-shore, single phase, 320 km long, pigging data
Shtokman
ECP Flow Tech library containing 8 field cases (Alwyn flowline (oil), Girassol (2 and 3 phase oil), Alwyn
to Dunbar (gas cond.), Carina (gas cond.), 32 gas condensate in Australia (gas cond.)
CITEPH fiche (Moho Bilondo)
Comparisons with OLGA

when field data or experimental data were not available (comparison of
steady state and transient results such as shutdown, restart and depressurization were compared)
Egina, CLOV, Block 32 field development study, oil dominated systems
Tight gas case in Algeria, Gas-condensate field with water (3-phase simulations), Onshore / climb a
crest before junction, Focus on low flow-rates
Multiphase Gathering Network: onshore-arctic gas field
Vega Pleyade (Total Austral)


9
In addition, CoP performed testing on large amount of experimental
and field data (Ekofisk field, Alaska wells, etc)
Testing of pigging functionality
Field Overview
Pig trap area
Terminal processing
area
The field produces low pressure oil and gas, and a high pressure gas stream.

The combined production flows about 41 km to shore through a 12 line.

The last kilometer of the line, from the shore pig receiver to the terminal is a 16
line.
The Experimental Campaign
The report includes measurements from four campaigns:
- Campaign 1: steady-state measurements
- Campaign 2: transient flow rate change experiment
- Campaign 3: pigging run with a foam type pig
- Campaign 4: pigging run with a cup type pig

Campaign 3:
Measurements were made before, during and after the pigging.
Steady-state conditions at the pig launching flowrate were ensured before
pigging.
These steady-state conditions are the same as for campaign 1.
The nominal operating conditions during the measurement campaign were:
Oil flowrate 1270 Sm3/d
Gas flowrate 820000 Sm3/d
GOR 640 Sm3/Sm3
Inlet Separator Pressure 11 bara
Pig position & velocity
2h27min
Measured pig travel time
: 2h47min
OLGA

and LedaFlow

seem to have slightly over-predicted the speed of the
pig (by 20 minutes).

The predicted values by OLGA

and LedaFlow

are very close, except for a
higher peak predicted by LedaFlow

just before the pig comes out.
Inlet pressure
Predicted :
Measured :
The maximum measured value was
34.5 bara.
Both OLGA

and LedaFlow


predicted lower maximums (32.0 bara,
respectively 32.9 bara).








After the arrival of the pig, the inlet
pressure dropped below the normal
conditions for a duration of
approximately three hours. This
seems to be well captured by both
simulators.
Outlet flow rates
Liquid
OLGA 5.3.2 and LedaFlow


predicted peaks were higher and
shorter in time than the peak of
liquid that was measured.

Return to the normal flowing
conditions occurred slightly earlier in
the simulations than in the field. This
could be due to the fact that the pig
travelled faster in the simulations.
Liquid Surge (kg)
Measured 140 000
OLGA 5.3.2 255 000
LEDA 2.31 180 000
Slight delay and higher
peak predicted
Outlet flow rates
High flow
fluctuations
There is a slight delay between what was
predicted and what was measured. This
could also be due to the fact that the pig
travelled faster in the simulations.
Gas
Higher and
thinner peak
predicted
Conclusions
Both codes provide comparable results to the field measurements.
LedaFlow

and OLGA 5.3.2 give similar accuracy to field data.
LedaFlow

is able to predict liquid surges more accurately than OLGA
5.3.2

Validation References
June
2011
BHRG
Cannes
Comparison of Commercial Multiphase Flow Simulators
with Experimental and Field Databases
R. Belt, E. Duret and D. Larrey, Total EP Paris, France; Biljana
Djoric, Sophia Kalali, Stavanger Research Centre, Total EP,
Norway.


May
2011
OTC
Houston
Testing and Qualification of a New Multiphase Flow
Simulator
T. J. Danielson and K. M. Bansal, ConocoPhillips, B. Djoric
and E. Duret, TOTAL, Stein Tore Johansen and yvind
Hellan, SINTEF.
18
Complete list of the publications can be downloaded from KOGTs website
http://www.kongsberg.com/en/kogt/offerings/software/ledaflow/ledaflowpapers/
Major Advantages and Disadvantages of Leda Flow
19
OLGA

LEDA

Number of Functionalities -
Speed (Note 1) -
Robustness and Accuracy
(pressure, temperature, liquid holdup*)
Pigging Functionality
3 Energy Equation (gas, oil and water phase) -
Multi D (Note 2) -
Prediction of Instabilities (Note 3)
Slug Tracking (ST) fast and
robust but weak on slug initiation
Slower than OLGA ST but
can potentially give more
accurate predictions
Note 1 - Comparison depends on the type of case and OLGA version
Note 2 - Not validated yet, development and testing are on-going
Note 3 Difficult to compare. Slug Capturing in Leda - version is released
Example of Current Activities in TEP NORGE
20
Test pilot for Skirne on-line
system with LedaFlow
Participants: TEP NORGE
Contractor: KOGT
Stavanger Research Center in collaboration
with TEP Norge Operation Team
22
Skirne Field General Information
Scotland
Frigg
Dunbar
Heimdal
Oseberg
Tune
Huldra
Bruce
ByggveSkirne
MCP01
Vale
Alwyn
St.Fergus
Brae
Forties C
Cruden Bay
Kerse of Kinneil
Grane
Draupner
Vesterled
Statpipe
Krst
Skirne Field remotely operated
from Heimdal

120 m WD
Skirne Field Location
Block 25/5
Byggve well 16km east of Heimdal
Byggve reservoir discovered by exploration
well 25/5-4 in 1991
Skirne well 24 km east of Heimdal
Skirne reservoir discovered by exploration
well 25/5-3 in 1990
Production licence PL102
Ownership
Total E&P Norge
Statoil Petroleum
Centrica Resources Norge
Petoro


23
Skirne to Heimdal General Information
FAT was signed in week 38
SAT is scheduled in December
Extension to Atla are on-going:
real time reconciliation system
Fluid properties:
Gas Condensate field (3 phase)
MEG injection
Pipe properties:
Diameter: 12
Length: 25 km
Operating conditions:
separator pressure: 45 barg
Inlet fluid temperature: 65C
Byggve production will be replaced by Atla well
(fast track project in 2012)
Three main objectives for Skirne on-line
test pilot
Validate LedaFlow for on-line applications
Help operations in their daily work
Bring more competition to the OTS/PMS market

Atla
Byggve
Skirne
Skirne Byggve flowline
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000
X [m]
Z

[
m
]
Expansion of Skirne on-line system
The Atla field has different ownership
The well flow is not measured by MPFM
The fluids are commingled subsea. Commingled flow is measured at the outlet of the inlet separator at Heimdal.
The well flows are deduced by use of real-time flow algorithms which utilize pressure, temperature, choke opening and PVT data.
Subsea commingling - more challenging to acquire representative samples to calibrate the MPFM
The introduction of subsea multiphase flow meters often involves dedicated structures and dedicated
power/control (high cost).
Atla is the fast track project: X-tree had to be ordered on time
As a result partners have agreed that allocation should be performed by using an advanced real time flow
reconciliation system with LedaFlow.
The outcome is not only savings in both CAPEX and OPEX, but also has a positive effect on project execution
and complexity




24

Way forward for LedaFlow

25
Joint Leda Vision
Successfully establish a novel commercial multiphase flow
simulator that provides better foundation for decisions for the
global oil & gas community
Way Forward for LedaFlow

Continue Testing: 1D, functionalities, Wells, Q3D
Stavanger R&D, Paris ECP, Pau FP
Committed to continuous development
Total and CoP have committed to reinvest their royalties in R&D work for the next 10 years
Total provided a scientific support to Leda development since the begining of the project
Tail-end Activities (March 2012 - 2015) and New JIPs (March 2012 2015)
Use of SET for projects and LedaFlow for integrated systems
LedaFlow

will be included shortly in the Total list of approved software with some restirctions
Some design studies both with OLGA and Leda in parallel are currently on going (Slug distribution for
Egina for example)
Leda PM is now available/ implemented in PROII for design studies performed in ECP
Leda PM is available in PIPESIM
Additional Experiments and Field data
26
A new multiphase simulator has now been launched. The value of the additional
information from the different modelling approach can now be better judged.