Finance Q&A

h t t p : / / e n . s a p . d a r k d u c k .
c o m 2011
2011

Dmitry Kaglik
[FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
ON SAP FINANCE
Frequently asked question about Financial module of SAP system obtained ia constant
monitorin! of issues "hich Financial consultants can face
#$mitry %a!lik& 2011
'$ark$uck(
All ri!hts resered.
)f you "ant to copy& use e*ternally or re+publish any part of this publication& please
!et approal first. ,ou can contact author at darkduck-darkduck.com.
Front pa!e ima!e: .uben an /i0k& licensed under 1reatie 1ommons .
All other ima!es: courtesy of author.
2ack to 3able of 1ontents
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ON SAP FINANCE Pa!e 2
http://en.sap.darkduck.com
Table of Contents
)ntroduction ................................................................................................................ 4
1hapter 1. 1urrency ................................................................................................... 5
Forei!n currency realuation ................................................................................... 5
$isplayin! the forei!n currency realuation results ................................................ 6
1hapter 2. 7A3 in do"n payments receied and paid ................................................ 8
1hapter 9. Payments ................................................................................................ 10
Settin! up the Automatic Payment Pro!ram 'APP( ................................................ 10
Settin! up the /lectronic 2ank Statement '/2S( ................................................... 22
)nte!ration of APP and /2S .................................................................................... 26
1hapter 4. :ther ....................................................................................................... 90
From author .............................................................................................................. 91
I!tr"#$%ti"!
;y name is $mitry %a!lik. ) am SAP Finance consultant "ith 10 years of e*perience
in this area.
,ou may kno" myself as actie member and moderator of Finance forums at
sapfans.com 'in /n!lish( and sapboard.ru 'in .ussian(.
$urin! years spent in consultin! and helpin! people on forums& ) constantly !et
more or less similar questions.
3his book !athers my e*perience and ans"ers more frequently asked questions in
clear and popular format.
3his book is not intended for noice users or consultants of SAP. )t uses terminolo!y
and lan!ua!e !enerally accepted amon! this community& "hich sometimes maybe
confusin! for ne" starters. )f you do not understand somethin!& please do not
hesitate to ask your questions.
)f you are still hain! difficulties in any area mentioned in this book& you are more
than "elcome to 0oin community on aboe mentioned forums and ask your question
there.
,ou may also consider buyin! a book about SAP.
C&a't(r 1) C$rr(!%y
F"r(ig! %$rr(!%y r(*al$ati"!
Q$(+ti"! 1, 3ransaction FA<=>F1>7A= 'forei!n currency realuation( has tab
?:pen items? and tab ?</= balances?. @hat is the differenceA
A!+-(r, :pen items tab is for realuation of endors& cutomers and <= accounts
mana!ed "ith open items. .ealuation of these items al"ays !o ia special
technical <= account and al"ays reerses. .eersal is usually done for the ne*t day
"hich falls into ne*t postin! period.
</= balances tab is for realuation of <= accounts "ithout open items mana!ement.
For e*ample& bank accounts. As a rule& realuation !oes to the same <= account&
althou!h nothin! stops you from postin! it to separate <= account. 3hen& usually <=
balances realuation is not reersed. 1heckbo* ?.eerse postin!s? at the bottom of
the ?Postin!s? tab controls reersal of these realuation postin!s.
Q$(+ti"! 2, ) confi!ured realuation for %$F transaction& assi!nin! <= account to
be used for realuation purposes. 2ut ) still hae problems "ith account
determination in FA<=>F1>7A= 'forei!n currency realuation(. @hat hae ) done
"ron!A
A!+-(r, @hen you specify <= accounts for %$F transaction& you do it for your
1hart of Accounts. 7ersions "ith Be"<= also require 7aluation Area to be specified
there. )f you only specified 1hart of Accounts& system "ill create records in
confi!uration table "ith empty 7aluation Area. 3hese records "ill not be found by
FA<=>F1>7A=. )n order to put 7aluation Area& please click small button "ith yello"
arro" on the pop+up "indo" "ith 1hart of Accounts request.
Di+'layi!g t&( ."r(ig! %$rr(!%y r(*al$ati"! r(+$lt+
Q$(+ti"! 1, )s it possible to display realuation amount for each open item "hen
usin! the Be" 'Fle*ible( <eneral =ed!erA
A!+-(r, ,es& it is possible. Please read SAP Botes 883851& 879690 'especially p.2(&
373268.
)t is important to run reports .FP:SC/C3/B$ and 2A=72DF$/= after SAP Botes are
implemented.
C&a't(r 2) /AT i! #"-! 'aym(!t+ r(%(i*(# a!# 'ai#
3his section may mostly apply to users in .ussia. 2ut .ussian market itself if bi!
and !ro"in!& so nobody kno"s "hen he !ets on a pro0ect there.
Q$(+ti"! 1, ) receie the do"n payment 'prepayment( from customer and SAP
!enerates postin!
Dr 0a!k 111
Cr C$+t"m(r D"-! Paym(!t 100
Cr O$t'$t /AT 11

@hy does system behaes itself "ron! "ayA )t should be
Dr 0a!k 111
Cr C$+t"m(r D"-! Paym(!t 111
Cr O$t'$t /AT 11
Dr /AT .r"m #"-! 'aym(!t+ r(%(i*(# 11
A!+-(r, System "ill use special <= account ?7A3 from do"n payments? "hen
seeral prerequisites are met:
1ustomer line items has Special <= indicator of ?do"n payment? type.
1heck this in transactions :2C..
.econciliation account for the customer do"n payment should hae
ta* cate!ory E2. Alternatie <= account is defined in the same
transaction :2C.. 3a* cate!ory of <= account can be checked in
transaction FS00.
Postin!s should contain ta* code "ith ?:utput ta*? cate!ory. 3his can
be checked in transaction F3CP.
?:utput 7A3? <= account number is set up in ta* code 'the same transaction F3CP(.
?7A3 from do"n payment receied? <= account number is set up in transaction
:2C2 for ;7A transaction. ,ou can specify the same clearin! account for all do"n
payments& or split them usin! the clearin! account identifications. )f you "ant to
use split functionality& please tick the ?:utput ta* clearin!? checkbo* in the rules for
;7A transaction. 3hen you can specify different clearin! account for different
identifications in transaction :2C2. 3hese identifications are assi!ned to Special <=
indicators in transaction :2C..
Q$(+ti"! 2, ) pay do"n payment 'prepayment( to endor and SAP !enerates
postin!
Cr 0a!k 111
Dr /(!#"r #"-! 'aym(!t 100
Dr I!'$t /AT 11

@hy does system behaes itself "ron! "ayA )t should be
Cr 0a!k 111
Dr /(!#"r #"-! 'aym(!t 111
Dr I!'$t /AT 11
Cr /AT .r"m #"-! 'aym(!t+ 'ai# 11
A!+-(r, System "ill use special <= account ?7A3 from do"n payments? "hen
seeral prerequisites are met:
7endor line items has Special <= indicator of ?do"n payment? type. 1heck this in
transactions :2,..
.econciliation account for the endor do"n payment should hae ta* cate!ory +2.
Alternatie <= account is defined in the same transaction :2,.. 3a* cate!ory of <=
account can be checked in transaction FS00.
Postin!s should contain ta* code "ith ?)nput ta*? cate!ory. 3his can be checked in
transaction F3CP.
?)nput 7A3? <= account number is set up in ta* code 'the same transaction F3CP(.
?7A3 from do"n payment paid? <= account number is set up in transaction :2C2
for 77A transaction. ,ou can specify the same clearin! account for all do"n
payments& or split them usin! the clearin! account identifications. )f you "ant to
use split functionality& please tick the ?)nput ta* clearin!? checkbo* in the rules for
77A transaction. 3hen you can specify different clearin! account for different
identifications in transaction :2C2. 3hese identifications are assi!ned to Special <=
indicators in transaction :2,..
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ON SAP FINANCE Pa!e F
C&a't(r 2) Paym(!t+
S(tti!g $' t&( A$t"mati% Paym(!t Pr"gram 3APP4
Q$(+ti"! 1, @hat is the process of payments usin! the Automatic Payment
Pro!ramA
A!+-(r, 3he process in !eneral is as follo"s.
,ou launch transaction F110 and specify parameters for the selection of items to be
paid. 3hen you run Proposal .un "hich creates Payments Proposal. 3his proposal is
analysed by 3reasury / Accountants / somebody else and then it is approed
immediately or "ith some corrections. After that you run Productie .un. At this
moment postin!s are done 'or not done G see separately(. @hen Productie .un is
finished& you can create payment file or paper payment documents for the bank
and/or payment recipients.
Q$(+ti"! 2, @hat should ) start an APP confi!uration fromA
A!+-(r, 3he process be!ins "ith understandin! of payment types in use. Hae a
look at the bank statement& talk to the people responsible for payments and
statements. ,ou "ill create special payment method for each of the payment types.
2asic confi!uration of APP is carried out in transaction F2IP. <o throu!h all the
sections in it and understand "hat you "ill confi!ure and "hat you "ill copy from
e*istin! e*amples 'maybe 0ust use e*istin! e*amples "ithout copyin!(.
Q$(+ti"! 2, @e hae a special payment type "hen paper fa* is sent to the JbankK.
3his fa* contains all the parameters for the payment processin!. 3he JbankK is not a
real bank but company "ithin our holdin!. )t !ies us periodic statements like paper
bank statements. Payments of this type are absolutely manual. $o ) need to set up
special payment method for thisA
A!+-(r, 3here are 2 points to consider:
1( )f the payment is done for the preliminary kno"n open items& you can
simply use J;anual paymentsK transaction F+59 "ithout APP. Bo
payment method is required in this case. Payment document can be
printed out in e*ternal system '@ord//*cel( or ia 1orrespondence
functionality.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ON SAP FINANCE Pa!e L
2( )f you "ant APP to choose the documents to be paid ia Jfa*K& then you
hae to use it. Special payment method is required. :f course& you can
set up your o"n printin! pro!ram for this payment method& as for
usual payment method.
Q$(+ti"! 5, @e periodically pay to the !oernment authorities. For e*ample&
ta*es. Ho" should "e process these paymentsA
A!+-(r, ) sa" 9 scenarios:
1( .ussian. ,ou create special endor "ith reconciliation account in area
of Jta*K <= accounts. ,ou post JinoiceK from this endor& een thou!h
there is no actual inoice. Amount is taken from the ta* return. 3hen
you pay the amount to endor as usual.
2( @estern "ith direct debit. 7ery simple. 3a* authorities take money
from the bank account by themseles.
9( @estern "ith inoice. )t is like scenario 1& but actual inoice e*ists.
Q$(+ti"! 6, 2ill of e*chan!e. @hat is thisA );< has lots of settin!s about it& but )
do not understand if ) need them.
A!+-(r, )t is payment "ith notes 'bill of e*chan!e& bill(. ) hae neer seen it in use.
Simply for!et about it.
Q$(+ti"! 7, Are there any recommendations as to best usa!e of )dentification field
in transaction F110A 3he one belo" the date on the first screen. Should "e put
clerkMs initials in there& country code& company codeA
A!+-(r, 3he approach depends on number of people processin! the payments& if
they hae on+line connection to each other etc. )f people are locates in seeral
!eo!raphical locations& then it is lo!ical to put code of the country or 1ompany
1ode. )f they sit ne*t to each other& they can "ork out their o"n rules.
Q$(+ti"!8, @hy do ) hae 7endors and 1ustomers on the selection screens of APPA
@hat is relations bet"een 1ustomers and Payment pro!ram "hich is used for
out!oin! paymentsA
A!+-(r, First of all& "e can pay 1ustomers too. For e*ample& refunds or returns of
do"n payments.
Second& APP can be also used for payments collection. For e*ample& direct debits.
3hatMs "hy customers are pretty much on their place in APP.
Q$(+ti"! 1, Are there any recommendations as to ho" to use JBe*t run dateK field
in APPA Ho" often should the Payment .un be e*ecutedA
A!+-(r, )f you use early settlement discount functionality and automatic payment
optimiNation& then the field JBe*t run dateK should contain the date of ne*t run.
Frequency of them depends on company rules and aries from 1 day to 1 month.
)f you select open items manually usin! the e*ternal lists and factors& then
91.12.LLLL "ill do.
Q$(+ti"! 9, @hat is the tri!!er for APP runA 7endor inoiceA Purchase orderA
A!+-(r, APP processes posted inoices and do"n payment requests. Purchase
orders hae nothin! to do "ith APP. Frankly speakin!& Purchase :rders are not
releant to Finance "hatsoeer.
Q$(+ti"! 10, @e can control out!oin! payments: "hat and ho" to pay. 3here is
different situation "ith incomin! payments. Ho" "ould "e kno" that customer has
paid us in order to process the incomin! payment in APPA Ho" shall "e kno" "hich
bank account it sent us the money to& if "e hae seeral bank accountsA )t is also
unclear ho" customer calculates early settlement discount.
A!+-(r, APP is used for the out!oin! payments initiated by our company. )ncomin!
payments are only processed ia APP if "e initiate them 'i.e. direct debit(. ,ou
cannot control your customersM bahaioue& hence you cannot automate it.
Q$(+ti"! 11, 1an "e specify payment method in open itemsA )s it done in inoiceA
A!+-(r, Payment method is specified in seeral places in SAP system:
1( 7endor master record. ,ou can specify seeral payment methods in
there& and APP "ill automatically select the best one.
2( $irectly in the inoice.
9( )n the payment terms of the endor. 3his alue "ill be inherited into
the inoice.
Payment method in the inoice has a priority oer the payment method in endor
master record.
Q$(+ti"! 12, ) hae specified payment method in the endor master record. 2ut it
is not automatically copied into the posted inoice. @hyA @hat should ) doA
A!+-(r, ,ou can specify seeral payment methods in endor master record. Ho"
should system decide "hich one you "ant to copy into the documentA @hat do you
thinkA 3hat is "hy there is no such functionality in SAP.
As an alternatie solution& you can specify payment method in the payment terms
and then put payment terms into the endor master record. Payment terms "ill be
inherited into the document and "ill brin! the payment method too.
Q$(+ti"! 12, )s it possible to chan!e payment method in Payment proposalA :r "e
need to block the payment and chan!e the payment method some"here elseA
A!+-(r, @hen APP has analysed the open items and created a Payment Proposal&
you can edit the Proposal: chan!e payment methods& banks& re!roup payments etc.
3here is a button for this on the /dit Proposal screen. ,ou can do this for indiidual
documents. 3his information "ill only be kept in Payment Proposal. )f you "ish to
keep the information in the documents& you need to cancel proposal and edit
documents.
Q$(+ti"! 15, $o ) need to make any deelopments for the APPA
A!+-(r, ,ou "ill need deelopment only for the output forms& and only if:
1( e*traordinary requirement from the bank in re!ards of output file. For
e*ample& deelopment is required for the inte!ration "ith .ussian
bank+client systemsO
2( amend forms for cheques/ /Payment adice for the company/bank
requirements 'lo!o& fields location and other small details(
Q$(+ti"! 16, Ho" "ill the bank kno" that it has to process the paymentA @hat is
the file format for the bankA $oes APP process hae a step for the output file
!enerationA
A!+-(r, Formats for the bank G you should ask the bank yourself. SAP has lots of
standard formats used "orld"ide and locally. ,ou should understand "hich ones to
s"itch on.
2ased on my o"n e*perience& international banks "ork "ell "ith formats S@)F3
;3101 or ;3109. 3hey are in the standard deliery of P;@ 'Payment ;edium
@orkbench(.
Dnfortunately& .ussian banks a ery self+conceited and only accept their o"n
formats. :ne of the national standard 'but not official( is format of J11K system& but
standard SAP does not support it 'yet(. 3hat is "hy file e*tract for the bank+client
system is a deelopment in this case.
:f course& file or printout for the bank is one of the results of APP "ork. ,ou can
!enerate them usin! the JPrintK button on the instrument panel in APP.
Q$(+ti"! 17, @hich format can "e e*tract data from the system to send it to the
bankA
A!+-(r, )t depends on the formats "hich bank accepts. S@)F3 ;3101 is ery
conenient and "idespread. Some countries hae their o"n requirements for the
format. As a rule& they are already in SAP standard deliery.
)f you are on the cross+road and do not kno" "hat to start "ith& try to !ie S@)F3
;3101 file to the bank as look at their reaction. ,ou can also ask 3reasury "hich
format they use at present.
Q$(+ti"! 18, @hat do ) need to do in APP settin!s to enable !eneration of file "ith
information about out!oin! paymentsA
A!+-(r, 3here are 6 buttons in transaction F2IP "hich you should start "ith. :ne
of them 'Payment method for the country( has a choice of JclassicalK payment
pro!ram or Payment ;edium @orkbench.
Be*t "e set up a ariant for JclassicalK pro!ram or set up P;@ 'also kno"n as
$;//(.
,ou can find lots of customiNin! options for the e*traction file in the );<:
/*act list of nodes you need to !o into depends on format you hae chosen.
)$:1 is another option for the sendin! payments to the bank. Pro!ram .FF:/$)1
!enerates )$:1s and is al"ays aailable in F110 on the JPrintK tab.
Q$(+ti"! 11, ) hae decided to use S@)F3 ;3101 format. @hich settin!s are
required in the system in this caseA $o ) need to make settin!s for each indiidual
bankA
A!+-(r, Format ;3101 is defined by S@)F3 "hich is international or!anisation. )t
should not be chan!ed. )n the meantime& there are some parameters 'fields( alues
in "hich can be chan!ed because of requirements of client or bank.
Q$(+ti"! 19, 2ank asks different structure of field 5L in format S@)F3 ;3101 for
domestic and international payments. Ho" should ) set it upA
A!+-(r, Separate payment method is usually used for international payment.
$ifferent payment methods can hae different ariants in P;@.
Q$(+ti"! 20, Ho" can ) set up instruction key "hich defines "ho pays commission
for the payment& payer or payeeA 3his instruction key is used in field 81A of format
S@)F3 ;310. Ho" can ) assi!n the key to the bank or endorA
A!+-(r, );< Bode
,ou define instruction key for the payment method. 3hen& payment method is
assi!ned to the endor or inoice 'see aboe(.
2y the "ay& my o"n e*perience sho"s that banks are usually i!nore this instruction
and al"ays char!e payer "ith the commission.
Q$(+ti"! 21, Ho" can ) actiate functionality JState 1entral 2ank indicatorK 'S12
indicator(& "hich is used in the field 882 of format S@)F3 ;3101A
A!+-(r, =ook at );< Bode:
Here "e put the 1ompany 1ode& i.e. JactiateK S12 for it.
$onMt be confused "ith J<ermanyK in the path. )t "ill "ork for other countries too.
Same confi!uration is located in different place if your system has Be"<= actiated:
Financial Accounting (New) > General Ledger Accounting (New) > Periodic
Processing > Report > Foreign Trade Regulations > Enter Company ata !or
Foreign Trade Regulations
Be*t step is to define S12 indicator:
A!ain& donMt be confused by JFranceK in the path. )t "ill "ork for any other country
too.
2oth confi!uration points are placed ne*t to each other if you use system "ith
Be"<= actiated.
@hen JS12 indicatorK functionality is actiated for the 1ompany 1ode& J$etailsK tab
of )noice entry transaction 'F260( "ill hae releant fields: S12 ind and
Suppl.1ntry. 3he condition: endor should belon! to the country different from
country of 1ompany 1ode. Play "ith these fields and see "hich information is taken
to the field 882. 3he rest is 0ust a technical question.
Q$(+ti"! 22, @here do ) set up output formsA
A!+-(r, :utput forms are defined in the payment methods. ,ou can assi!n
pro!ram/form or Payment Payment ;edium @orkbench 'P;@( structure. 3here are
tons of output forms ready to use. All the standard 'includin! /uropean( forms are
supported. Print pro!rams can be found usin! the .FF:P mask. =ist of P;@ ariants
can be seen usin! the F4 key. ,ou can create your o"n P;@ forms in transaction
$;//. Please read P;@ and $;// documentation.
:ther than payment order itself& company may require to produce Payment Adice
"hich informs endor about the payment details. ,ou can confi!ure the form for
Payment Adice in the Payin! 1ompany 1ode section of transaction F2IP.
Q$(+ti"! 22, $o ) need to confi!ure anythin! for format S@)F3 ;3101 in
transaction $;//A ) do not see anythin! like this in PA,; tree. )f ) need to create
my o"n format& "hich option to choose: flat file or C;= messa!eA Ho" can ) assi!n /
actiate my o"n ne" formatA
A!+-(r, Format S@)F3 ;3101 e*ists in standard P;@ deliery. $;// coers only
fe" P;@ formats. Fortunately& S@)F3 ;3101 requires only minimal confi!uration&
and it is not done in $;//. Hae a look at:
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ON SAP FINANCE Pa!e 1F
And also 1reate/Assi!n Selection 7ariants ':2P;4( in the same );< node.
)f you need to create somethin! ery ne"& you can use $;// for confi!uration and
then assi!n ne"ly created format to payment method in the same );< node "hich )
already mentioned.
3ype of the tree '*ml / flat file( depends on the bankMs preferences and
requirement.
Q$(+ti"! 25, ) hae run the Payment Pro!ram& posted the documents and planned
the print phase. @here should ) see the file in the format S@)F3 ;3101A
A!+-(r, 3ransaction F110. ;enu /nironment G Payment ;edia.
Q$(+ti"! 26, ) need to print a document for endor "hich informs him about
payment details. @here can ) confi!ure itA
A!+-(r, ,ou can do this in transaction F2IP& section JPayin! 1ompany 1odeK. 3his
is called JPayment AdiceK. )t is usual form. SAP has deliered form for )$/S "hich
can be ad0usted "ith a little A2AP.
Q$(+ti"! 27, 1ompany uses bank chains. @hat is thisA $oes APP support themA
A!+-(r, 2ank chains are usually used in international payments& and ery rare in
domestic payments. <enerally speakin!& banks can usually determine ho" to
transfer money from payer to payee themseles. 2ut if company "ants to help the
bank and speed up the process& bank chains can help.
)n short& here is the purpose of bank chains. )f you "ant to transfer money from one
bank to another& these banks should hae accounts for each other 'correspondence
accounts(. )t means that banks put money into these accounts. @hen client of bank
A pays client of bank 2& then bank 2 increases the balance of the correspondence
account and bank A reduces the balance. 3here is no physical money transfer
unless the balances are ne!atie. As soon as there are too many banks in the "orld&
it is impossible to hae correspondence accounts for each pair of the banks.
Historically there are some banks "hich carry out functions of intermediate banks.
For e*ample& 2ank of Be" ,ork '2:B,(. )n this case banks A and 2 open
correspondence accounts "ith 2:B,& but not "ith each other. @hen client of bank A
transfers money to client of bank 2& there are only moements on the
correspondence accounts "hich link banks 'A and 2:B,( and '2:B, and 2(. A!ain&
there is no physical money moement. 2:B, has no impact on its balance& but it
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ON SAP FINANCE Pa!e 1L
!ets commissions from the transaction. )f payer "ants to specify bank chain& it has
to let its o"n bank kno" that 2:B, is an intermediate bank& and sometimes
correspondence accounts of bank A in 2:B,.
3here can be 2 intermediate banks in the "orst scenario.
SAP has ery simple customisin! of bank chains. );< Bode:
)f bank chains are actie& system "ill automatically find the necessary chain and put
it into internal table of APP. 3hese data "ill !et into payment order.
Q$(+ti"! 28, @hat are the possible options to display Payment Proposal and list of
items in ProposalA
A!+-(r, Payment Proposal and list of items in it can be ie"ed in 2 ariants:
classical and A=7+!rid. ,ou can customiNe classical display in );<. )f you "ant to
s"itch display to A=7+!rid& you hae to put parameter in user master record
'transaction SD9(. Parameter code is F110:A=7.
)t may not "ork in ne" ersions '6.0 and hi!her( "here A=7+!rid is set up as
default.
S(tti!g $' t&( El(%tr"!i% 0a!k Stat(m(!t 3E0S4
Q$(+ti"! 1, $oes /lectronic 2ank Statement sho" transactions at customer or
bank point of ie"A QER means debit from bank point of ie"& but credit from client
point of ie". Ho" can ) distin!uish incomin! and out!oin! paymentsA
A!+-(r, 2ank statement in format S@)F3 ;3L40 sho"s transactions from the bank
point of ie". )t means $ is companyMs out!oin! payment and 1 is incomin!
payment.
SAP automatically understands direction of money moement and transforms them
from $/1 into E/+.
Any"ay& test run of real bank statement is the best indicator if settin!s are correct
or not.
Q$(+ti"! 2, ) !ot full documentation for the statement in format S@)F3 ;3L40. )t
has hu!e list of possible transactions. $o ) need to confi!ure all of them in
/lectronic 2ank StatementA Ho" can ) do itA
A!+-(r, )t "orth askin! your collea!ues 'like treasury& cashiers and accountants(
"hich of those transactions do actually e*ist in statements. Sure& not all of them "ill
be in use. 3he same people "ill also tell you ho" to post each transaction in
<eneral =ed!er. 3hen you set up these transactions as e*ternal transactions and
!roup them into internal transaction codes "here possible.
Q$(+ti"! 2, 3ransaction codes in S@)F3 ;3L40 statement are ery hi!h+leel. For
e*ample& 3.F 'B3.F( can be incomin! or out!oin! payment. $onMt een mention
smaller details. ,ou canMt say more usin! the field 61. And it is field 61 "hich maps
to postin! rule. Some banks like 1redit Suisse can !ie more details in tructured
field F6. 2ut system reco!niNes the transaction type usin! the field 61. Ho" can )
ask it to look into field F6AA
A!+-(r, 3ransaction FF.5 has choice of ariants for upload: "ith field F6 structured
and unstructured. :f course& you hae to confi!ure transaction types as they are in
field F6 if you use structured statement.
As for B3.F transaction type for incomin! and out!oin! payments& they can be split
by direction of money moement.
)f bank uses B3.F& say& for out!oin! payments and bank commissions& you cannot
do much here& unfortunately. ,ou hae to do it manually. :r try to use search
strin!s to replace the transaction type.
Q$(+ti"! 5, Ho" can ) split domestic and international payments if they !o under
the same transaction type in bank statementA
A!+-(r, As a rule& all the payments use the same transaction type in the bank
statement. )t does not matter if the payment is domestic or international. 3hat is
"hy you cannot distin!uish them in the statement.
)t is different in .ussia& "here all domestic payments are in roubles and
international payments are in forei!n currency& e*cept for loans and deposits.
3hin!s are easier in this case.
Q$(+ti"! 6, )s it !ood idea to use special document type for the bank statement
postin!sA :r document type SA is !ood enou!hA
A!+-(r, )t is ery !ood idea to use special document type. :f course& document
type SA "ill suite the first postin! area. 2ut ) "ould recommend to use document
types %I/$I for the second postin! area. :r een introduce special document type
for bank statement.
Q$(+ti"! 7, :ur chart of accounts has account number "ith less than 10 symbols.
Ho" should ) specify mask for the account symbol in bank statement confi!urationA
Should it be left 0ustified or ri!ht 0ustifiedA
EEEEEEEEEE
EEEEEEEE
EEEEEEEE
A!+-(r, SAP al"ays adds Neros on the left of numeric account number up to 10
characters. 3hat is "hy you hae to put the mask for all 10 characters.
http://help.sap.com/saphelp>erp60>sp/helpdata/en/49/0bd4L849de11d1FL6f0000eF
922d00/frameset.htm
3his help document has an e*ample "here account has 6 characters& but mask has
10 pluses.
Q$(+ti"! 8, @hen ) confi!ure the bank statement& ) can put JEK for the currency.
$o ) need to create separate <= accounts for each currencyA
A!+-(r, )f you need to create different masks for different currencies& then put
each currency separately. Dsually bank account is sin!le+currency. 3hat is "hy JEK
is enou!h.
http://help.sap.com/saphelp>erp60>sp/helpdata/en/49/0bd4a449de11d1FL6f0000eF
922d00/frameset.htm
Q$(+ti"! 1, @hat is )nterpretation Al!orithmA
A!+-(r, )nterpretation al!orithm is a link bet"een data in bank statement and
data in SAP system. For e*ample& interpretation al!orithm can find paid items usin!
payment order number or cheque number.
,ou can see list and details of the most aailable al!orithms in SAP Bote 114819.
Q$(+ti"! 9, ) put postin! type S F 'open item clearin!( in the postin! rule of the
/2S. 3here are no open items in the system "hen ) run a test. And ) cannot post a
payment no". @hat should ) do if ) !et a do"n payment from customerA @hich
other postin! type should ) use for the subled!erA
)t is unclear "hat to do "ith subled!er postin!s. /en if ) put customer number in
the manual bank statement& postin! only !oes to <eneral =eder.
A!+-(r, Postin! rule can hae postin! type "ithout clearin!. ).e. 0ust a customer
postin!. 3ry to use it. :r you can leae incomin! payments unposted in the bank
statement. =eae this task to treasury/accountants. :f course& it depends on the
number of payments like this.
Q$(+ti"! 10, @hen ) try to post to subled!er& Payment adice is created. @hat
should ) do "ith itA @hat is Payment AdiceA
A!+-(r, )f ) correctly understand& Payment Adice is created for 1ash ;ana!ement
functionality. 3here is no use of it unless you implement 1ash ;ana!ement. ,ou can
s"itch Payment Adices in the parameters of manual bank statement entry.
3ransaction FF68& menu Settin!s G Specifications.
)f it does not help& hae a look at SAP Bote 45258L 'older SAP ersions + 162 5 81 (.
Q$(+ti"! 11, Ho" can ) delete bank statementA
A!+-(r: Dse pro!ram .F/2%AL6. 3his pro!ram deletes bank statement itself& but
not the posted documents. 3hatMs "hy ) "ould recommend usin! this pro!ram in
test systems onlyO and bein! ery careful all the time.
Q$(+ti"! 12, @hat else can ) read about the bank statementA
A!+-(r, Hae a look at SAP Bote 54L288.
Q$(+ti"! 12, @here do ) define interpretation al!orithmsA
A!+-(r, )nterpretation al!orithms are defined in pro!ram .F/22D10.
I!t(grati"! ". APP a!# E0S
Q$(+ti"! 1, @hat is the rule for <= accounts creation for paymentsA 'APP and bank
statement(
A!+-(r, /ach physical bank account should be confi!ured as bank account in
transaction F)12.
Additional technical accounts should be created in <eneral =ed!er 'transaction
FS00(. ) "ould recommend namin! them "ith a purpose description: cheques&
transfers etc. 3hey should hae open items mana!ement. ,ou do not need to create
separate JbankK accounts for technical <= accounts in F)12.
2ank accounts and <= account are linked to each other ia special fields. ,ou
should only do this for real bank <= accounts& but not for technical ones.
As a rule& you do not need special technical accounts for bank char!es and
e*chan!e rate differences. Dsually bank char!es are posted directly to the special
<= account '1r 2ank $r 1osts or $r/1r 2ank 1r/$r /*chan!e rate difference(. :f
course& you can only do this if bank sho"s these char!es and FC differences as a
separate transaction type. )t is ery ar!uable if bank should put e*chan!e rate
differences into bank statement or not. Please a!ree "ith a bank that these
transactions are not in the statement& if you can.
Q$(+ti"! 2, @hich <= accounts should be used in Automatic Payment Pro!ram
'APP( from accountin! point of ie"A Should they be the same as for bank
statementA $o ) need to clear these accountsA
A!+-(r, ,esT 3he process is precisely the same as described in the question itself.
)f you use APP to make postin!s& then it should use the same <= accounts "hich "ill
be posted from the bank statement from another side. 3hese 2 open items 'APP and
/2S ones( should be cleared then. $oin! this "ay& you can check "hich payments
"ere sent to bank but not processed by it yet& or any other discrepancies etc.
Postin! schema is like this:
1. APP G out!oin! payment
$r 7endor
1r 2ank technical out!oin! payment
2. 2ank statement
$r 2ank technical out!oin! payment
1r 2ank
9. 3echnical account clearin!
1r 2ank technical out!oin! payment
$r 2ank technical out!oin! payment
'1learin! document can hae no line items in ersions "ithout Be"<= actiated(
Q$(+ti"! 2, @hat is the best "ay to split technical bank accounts in <=A )
understand they should be split by payment methods. 2ut ho" "ill be distin!uish
domestic and international payments in bank statementA $o ) need to create
separate technical <= accounts for incomin! and out!oin! paymentsA
A!+-(r, ,ou should kno" the limit "hen split the technical accounts. )f you cannot
distin!uish different payment methods in the bank statement& then it is useless to
split <= accounts in APP. 2ut you can al"ays distin!uish incomin! and out!oin!
payments& so they should be definitely split.
Q$(+ti"! 5, $o ) need to hae the same document types in /2S and APPA
A!+-(r, Dsually you can use different document types for APP and /2S. 3his "ill
help to distin!uish them in the items list.
Q$(+ti"! 6, @e post a payment in APP and then in /2S. )s there duplicationA
A!+-(r, Bo& there is no duplication. 2ank Statement has 1stand 2nd postin! areas.
,ou can choose "hether you do second area or not. APP can only do second area&
but only for payments !enerated by APP. 3here should not be duplication.
Q$(+ti"! 7, Automatic Payment Pro!ram can be confi!ured "ith or "ithout
postin!s. @hat is the differenceA ) think that APP "ith postin!s makes more sense.
A!+-(r, APP "ith postin!s is the most used ariant in the @estern countries. )t
reduces the confi!uration comple*ity because only one postin! area "ill be
necessary for the bank statement.
)f you confi!ure APP "ithout postin!s& it only produces the payment order "hich you
send you the bank. ,ou should ask your bank to return payment order in
correspondin! field of the bank statement. :ther"ise you "ill hae ery bad
situation. )tems paid "ith payment order can be only cleared ia link to this
payment order. 3hey are not isible in clearin! transactions "ith any other selection
option.
1onsecutiely& if you hae a choice& !o for the postin!s option. Dnfortunately&
.ussian accountants are not ery fle*ible in these terms and prefer to make a
postin! on the basis of bank statement. 3hat is "hy in .ussia you hae to confi!ure
APP "ithout postin!s.
Q$(+ti"! 8, House banks are the banks in "hich our company has bank accounts
for incomin! and out!oin! payments. @hat should ) do "ith other bank dataA $o )
need to maintain all the banks "hich are used by our endors and customersA )
heard that ) need to specify bank data in the endor or customer master record if )
"ant to process APP correctly. $oes it mean ) need to maintain all the banks of our
customers and endorsA
A!+-(r, House banks are the banks in "hich our company holds the accounts. ,ou
maintain these house bank accounts in transaction F)12.
3here are also banks of our partners. ,ou can maintain them in transaction F)02. )n
!eneral& you !et bank data maintenance screen 'analo!ue of F)02( from the
customer or endor master record "hen specify combination of bank country and
bank key "hich does not e*ist yet. System "ill ask you about the name& S@)F3 code
etc.
,ou hae to maintain bank master data only for those payment methods "hich are
paid directly to the bank account of our partner. Bot all the payment methods
require this. For e*ample& you can dra" a cheque "ithout bank details of payee. 2ut
most of modern payment methods require bank data. )t means "e need to think
about bank master data maintenance.
:f course& you create any <= account 'normal or technical( only for our o"n bank
accounts in house banks.
)t is sli!htly confusin! that both bank account and <= account are called JaccountK&
but this is terminolo!y "e use.
Q$(+ti"! 1, @e hae non+standard situation "ith bank accounts. @e hae 2 house
banks 'A and 2( "ith 9 bank accounts: one account in bank A and t"o accounts in
bank 2. First account in bank 2 is used for normal payments. Second account in
bank 2 is only technical. 3here are no direct transactions on this account. 2alance
of bank accounts in bank 2 is Nero at the end of each day. Full aailable balance of
first account automatically transfers to second account& and then from there to the
account in bank A. 3he account in bank A is also use for normal payments. Ho" can
) confi!ure this in SAPA
A!+-(r, SAP "ill not be able track the balance of the bank account. @e can only
see the moements in the bank statement "hich is issued post+factum. Dsually you
a!ree "ith the bank all the automatic money moements& includin! Nero+balancin!.
3hese a!reements hae nothin! to do "ith SAP.
All the transfers bet"een bank accounts for SAP are 0ust transfers bet"een main
and technical bank accounts in <eneral =ed!er.
Q$(+ti"! 9, @hat is $irect $ebitA Ho" should ) process itA
A!+-(r, $irect $ebit is a transaction "hen endor automatically "ithdra"s money
from customer bank account for the !oods or serices sold. )t is "idely used in the
@estern countries& especially for communal payments& instalments& municipal and
ta* payments. .ussian analo!ue is Payment .equest "hich is not in common use.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ON SAP FINANCE Pa!e 2F
C&a't(r 5) Ot&(r
3his "ill be the shortest chapter of the book. =ike dessert: small and s"eet.
Q$(+ti"! 1, ) kno" the );< node for the confi!uration. Ho" can ) find the
transaction code for the quick access to itA
A!+-(r, Actiate Actiity display in the );< tree ie" by choosin! menu /dit G
$isplay );< Actiity. Be" column "ill appear on the ri!ht of the );< structure.
First of all& try to call up transaction for the last 4 characters from this ne" column.
For e*ample& S);<>1F;/BD:.F2:25F transforms into :25F.
)f it does not help& copy full alue from the column. 3hen call up table 1DS>);<A1H
in the transaction S/16. Paste your alue into the field Actiity. 3ransaction code
"ill be in the field 31:$/.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ON SAP FINANCE Pa!e 2L
Fr"m a$t&"r
SAP F) is area full of both standard solutions and non+standard approaches. ;any
functional consultants in SAP F) area try to sole similar issues from time to time. :f
course& conte*t of these solutions is as different as each customer is. 2ut solution
remains the same.
3his book is dedicated to most common issues of Finance implementations on
different pro0ects. ) hope it "as useful for you.
)f you still hae questions& please come and ask your questions in the forums "hich
) mentioned in )ntroduction.
:r you may still prefer to buy yourself a paper or electronic copy of book from this
site.
Sincerely yours&
$mitry %a!lik
aka $ark$uck

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