Imbalance of blood supply and demand

ETIOLOGY: RISK
FACTORS












































PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
OF
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION


- age
- smoking
- obesity
- HPN
- diabetes
- diet
- Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease
- Coronary thrombosis/Embolism
- Decrease blood flow with shock & or
hemorrhage
- Direct trauma
Myocardial ischemia
Decrease of myocardial oxygen supply Occlusion of coronary artery
Cellular processes compromised Increased cellular hypoxia
Altered cell membrane Int.

Decrease of oxygen

Decrease of myocardial contractility Cell switch to anaerobic metabolism
Lactic acid builds up in the cell
Decreased cardiac output
Cell membrane permeability Decreased arterial pressure
Specific enzyme release
Stimulation of baroreceptors
Stimulation of sympathetic receptors Stimulation of nerve fibers
Pain impulses to the CNS
Increased myocardial contractility Increased peripheral
vasoconstriction
Increased myocardial oxygen demand
Increased after load
Decreased myocardial tissue perfusion
Decreased diastolic filling
Increased HR