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a½Tt awmif yHrSm 'Pf &mawG Nyefa umif;vmwJh wpfaeY

wm&mrif;a0

1/ uRefawmfESifh edrdwfzwf ynm½Sifrsm;

edrdwfqdkwJh pum;vHk;udk tbd"mefxJrSm uRefawmf aoaocsmcsm rzwfcJhzl;ygbl;/


aA'ifusrf;awGxJrSm rBumcP awGUzl;ayr,fh tJ'gudkvnf; trSwfwrJhygyJ/
a½SUNzpfvmr,fh taNctaewpf&yftwGuf rlwnfaumuf,l&wJh Nzpf&yfwpfckvdkYyJ
tBurf;zsif; Nrifrdygw,f/

i,fi,fu usD;om&if {nfhonfvmr,fqdkwmudk pBum;zl;ygw,f/ usD;omedrdwfayghav/


aemufawmh Bu,fa<uedrdwf? a>rNrifedrdwf pwmawGudk wNznf;Nznf;csif;
xyfodvmygw,f/ tquftpyfr½Sd ckeful;NzpfwJh oabmayghav/ 'gayr,fh [dkwavmu
raumif;wJh edrdwftcsdKUtaBumif; zwf&ygw,f/ ]'JhBuD;awGygvm;[} vdkY zwf&if;
&,frdygw,f/
qdkBuygpdkY/ ]t"dyÜg,frJh t½l;wpfa,mufu a½SUvm&,fNyae&if ... } wJh/
b,fvdkBuD;wkef; ..../ t½l;ygqdkrS t"dyÜg,f½Sd½Sd vm&,fNyaerSmvm;/ usefwmawGrSmvnf;
uefYvefYwdkufawG;p&mav;awG ½Sdvmygw,f/ tJ'DwpfcsdKUudk uRefawmfa&;Nyygr,f/

1/ oGm;&if;u cvkwfwdkufNyD; aNcruGJoGm;&if ...


(b,fvdkvkyfaumif;awmhrvJ .../ bwfpfum; vlBuyfBuyfay:rSm olb,fvdk wuf&yfrvJ)

2/ vrf;oGm;&if;u zdeyfoJBudK;NywfoGm;&if ...


(zdeyfNywfwpfzufudk udkifvdkY ab;vlawG oGm;NzJ&,fNy&if; qufavQmuf&rSmaygh)

3/ &xm;pD;&if; bkwfceJ NyKwfus&if ...


(awG;awmif rawG;&Jbl;)

4/ um;ay:pD;oGm;&if; rsufrSefNyKwfusoGm;&if ...


(udk,fhtdrf udk,fNyefa&muf&ifawmif [kwf&JUvm;vdkY vufeJYprf;Bunfh&OD;r,f/
tdrfrSm;NyD; ]rdef;ra& ... vmygOD;uG} vdkY ac:rd&if ydkawmifqdk;OD;r,f)

5/ rawmfwq cE¨mudk,frSm xdcdkufrd&if ...


(tBuifemwdkY? apwemwdkY trnfwyfxm;wJh aq;cef;udk oGm;NyD; ygorQ ukefr,f)

6/ wpfaeYvHk; vufcgNywJh vlawGeJYyJ awGUae&&if ...


(b,folYqDurS ydkufqHacs;r&wmbJ Nzpfr,f/ blyJ)

7/ udk,f0wfxm;wJh vHkcsnfu NAef;ueJ uGJoGm;&if ...


(t[rf; ... vdkY acsmif;[efY&if; cyfwnfwnfBuD; ½Sufae&rSmaygh)

8/ oGm;&if;vm&if; cg;ydkufEIdufcHvdkuf&&if
(wcsdKUvlawGudk ½GmNyefr,fqdkNyD; ydkufqHvdkufawmif;&r,fh udef;yJ)

9/ rdef;rESpfa,muf vHk;axG;owfykwf&if; t0wftpm;rJhukefwmudk Nrif&if ...


('DvlBuD;uvnf; tomirf;irf; &yfBunfhaewmyJvdkY owfrSwfcH&rSmaygh/ &efyGJtNyD;rSm tJ'D
rdef;rESpfa,mufuawmif udk,fhqD OD;vSnfhNyD; uwfuwfvef &efNyefawGUEdkifw,f)
10/ wHcg;abmifeJY acgif;eJY aqmifhrd&if ...
(awmfawmf ]bk} uswJh vlvdkY taNymcH&rSmaygh)

11/ rdef;ru a,mufsm;udk udk,fxdvufa&muf &efNyKwmudk Nrif&if ...


(udk,fhtwGufvnf; &ifav;p&m NzpfaeNyD)

12/ vrf;rSm um;ysufNyD; pufEId;vdkY r&awmh&if ...


(ab;vlawGudk rsufESmcsdKaoG;NyD; um;wGef;cdkif;&r,f ... 'gayr,fh tawmfBudK;pm;&r,f)

13/ bwfpfum; oHk;av;pD; BuHKvsufeJY udk,fu rwufEdkifcJh&if ...? um;awGuf


&yfray;&if ...
(udk,ftav;csdefudk avQmhcs&awmhr,f)

14/ tNyifxGufcgeD; rdef;ru apmapmNyefcJhzdkY rSm&if ...


(igu b,foGm; tavvdkuf&rSmvJvdkY ... qdkNyD; rvHkrvJeJY &efNzpf&NyD)

uJ ... 'gawGu tuif;yJ½Sdygao;w,f/ aNymr,fqdk&if trsm;BuD; usefao;w,f/


xm;vdkufygawmh ... tckvdk uRefawmf a&;wmudk edrdwfzwfq&mawGuawmh ESpfNrdKUrSm
r[kwfbl;/ ckvdk a&;rdwJhtwGuf uRefawmfh a½SUtvm;tvm b,fvdk NzpfEdkifrvJ/
pmzwfoluyJ uRefawmfhtwGuf edrdwfzwfay;ygOD;/

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2/ vlESifh uBuD; cacG;

(1)

] w&m;cH armifuBuD; }
] [kwfuJ uRefawmfrsdK; ½Sdygw,f }
] rif;u armifcacG;udk owfw,fqdk ... }
] [kwfygw,f }
] rif; ... 0efcHw,faygh }
] b,fvdk owfovJ }
] olYaemufausmudk uRefawmf "m;eJY xdk;owfvdkufygw,f }
] wpfcsufwnf;eJY aoovm; }
] uRefawmf tBudrfBudrfxdk;vdkY olaooGm;ygw,f }

(2)

] w&m;cH armifuBuD; }
] [kwfuJ uRefawmfrsdK; ½Sdygw,f }
] rif; ... armifcacG;udk xyfowfNyefNyDqdk }
] [kwfygw,f }
] b,fvdk owfovJ }
] olYvnfyif;udk BudK;eJYn§pfNyD; owfvdkufygw,f }
] olu r½kef;bl;vm; }
] ½kef;ygw,f? wGefYvdrfaumufauG;NyD;awmhudk ½kef;ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh uRefawmfu
tydkiftEdkif pD;xm;NyD;NyDrdkY olbmrS vkyfvdkYr&awmhygbl;/ olaooGm;ygw,f }

(3)

] armifuBuD; }
] cifAsm }
] armifrif; armifcacG;udk owfvdkufNyefNyD }
] [kwfuJh }
] b,fvdk owfovJ }
] wkwfeJY ½dkufowfygw,f/ ol uRefawmfhudk ausmay;NyD; a&aomufaewkef; aemufuae
wkwfeJY ½dkufowfvdkufygw,f }
] wpfcsufwnf;eJY aoovm; }
] raoygbl;/ 'gayr,fh uRefawmf raorcsif; ½dkufowfvdkufygw,f }

(4)

armifuBuD;ESifh armifcacG;wdkY vufzuf&nf twlaomufaeBu\/ oufNyif;wpfcsufcsNyD;


armifcacG;u ar;onf/
] rif; ighudk owf ... owfaewm ryifyef;bl;vm;uGm }

armifuBuD;u a'gowBuD; NyefaNzonf/

] ryifyef;bl;/ rif;ukd owf&wm ig ... t&om½Sdw,f }

armifcacG;u oufNyif;cs\/ armifuBuD;u pl;pl;prf;prf; ar;onf/

] aeygOD; rif;uaum ighudk Nyefrowfbl;vm; }


] [ifhtif; }
] bmNzpfvdkYvJ }
] rowfcsifvdkY }
] bmNzpfvdkY rowfcsif&wmvJ }
] rif;u 'DtaNzudk t&rf;odcsifaewmvm; }
] [kwfw,f }
] 'gNzifhvnf; aNzyghr,f }
] at; ... aNz ... rif;u ighudk bmNzpfvdkY NyefrowfwmvJ }

armifcacG;u cg;ausmqefY&if; ]] 0Sm; }} ceJ orf;a0\/ NyD;rS aNzonf/

] ysif;vdkY }

xdkpum;tqHk;rSm armifuBuD; aoqHk;oGm;avonf/

psmyeydkYaqmif&eftwGuf um;rsm;u rGef;wnfh (12;00) wdwdwGif aetdrfrS


xGufcGmrnfNzpfaBumif; od&onf/

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3/ pkwfN yJa ewJh 'dk if,m&D

1/ wpf&Ha&mtcgu uRefawmfonf aumuf½dk;rQifwpfrQif NzpfcJhzl;ygonf/


½dk;NywfaNrxJwGif b0udk t0gpifpif Nzwfoef;cJh\/ odkYaomf uRefawmfhb0onf
twuftqif; &pforfwpfckudkom wD;cwfcJh&\/ avta0SUwGif rnfonfh pdwftvsOfrS
rygbJ uRefawmf a½GUcJh&onf/ avESifh&mudk cHkvufrSwfrygbJ uRefawmf
pD;eif;vkdufyg&onf/ odkYaomf tNrifBuD;odkYvnf; ra&mufyg/ avu uRefawmhfudk
awmfawmfESifh qGJrcs/ xdkodkYNzifh uRefawmfonf wpfydkif;wpfp vGifharsmcJh&zl;onf/
aemufawmhvnf; awmf&mae&mwpfckü 0yfpif; vJavsmif;um usef&pfcJh&ygonf/
udk,fhudk,fudk,f aNzodrfh&ygonf/

] aBomf ... ighvdk aumuf½dk;rQifwpfr Qif&JU vGifh yg;rI[m wpfyg;ol awG twGuf
avnTef&m trSwf tom; Nzpfc JhN yD }

2/ aemufawmh uRefawmfonf opfyifwpfyif NzpfoGm;\/ avupm;aomtcg


uRefawmfht½GufwdkYu pdrf;ndKUzm;vsm;? wcsdKUawG uRefawmfht&dyf cdkoGm;Bu\/ wcsdKUawG
uRefawmfhudk cdkvsm;wG,fwufNyD; wpfyg;aom ewfudk ylaZmfqufuyf\/ opfyifqdkonfu
opfaeaomtyif r[kwfyg/ a[mif;Nrnfh,dk,Gif;NyD; wNznf;Nznf; Z&mqDodkY uRefawmf
csOf;uyfvmyg\/ udk,fhudk,fudk,f Nyefvnf qifNcifrdonf/ uRefawmf\ yifpnfcE¨monf
a0hvdrfauGUaumufvsuf aNrqDudk iwfiwfNywfNywf pkyf,lcJh&aom aeY&ufrsm;? av'Pfudk
'vdrfhaumufauG; cHcJh&aom &yftkyfNydKif;NydKif;&moDrsm;? oGm;r½Sdaom a&\ wdkufpm;rIwGif
b0udk tNym;vdkuf 0yfcsay;cJh&aom umv wpfeHwpfvsm;? uRefawmf xyfrH
pOf;pm;rdygonf/

] aBomf ... igh&JU auGU aumufr I[m 'D0ef; usif&J U a&aNroabm0udk azmfNyEdkifcJhwmyJ }

3/ xdkrSwpfqifh uRefawmfonf zdeyfwpf&H NzpfcGifh&cJhygonf/ aNcz0g;rsm;onf


twå\ vu©Pm ta&;taBumif;rsm;Nzifh ao;rQifav;yifvGef;avpG/ uRefawmfhudk
pD;ESifaom yk*¾dKvfonf omrefrQomNzpfNyD; tqDwpfxyf? tom;wpfxyf ½Sdygonf/
rxl;Ncm;yg/ pdwfaumufvQif avvnfwwfygonf/ 'guavnf; xl;Ncm;ovm;qdkvQif
rxl;Ncm;yg/ bmrSr[kwfyg/ uRefawmfu teHYr&onfh zdeyfwpf&H Nzpfaeívnf;
NzpfEdkifygonf/ Nzpfwefacs oDtdk&DawGu NzpfcGifhay;ygOD;rnf/ aemufawmhvnf; oaAÁ
ocFg&m tedpöm [laom oabmt& uRefawmf oJBudK;NywfoGm;ygonf/ ydkif½SifNzpfolu
t*Fvdyfvdk qJqdkNyD; uRefawmfhudk Nrefrmvdk vTifhypfum (oluawmh) tar&duefpwdkifvfESifh
xGufcGmoGm;ygonf/ bmrSvnf; r[kwfvdkufyg/ odkYaomfvnf; uRefawmf oifcef;pm
&vdkufygonf/
] aBomf ... NywfoG m;wJh zdeyf[m vrf;ay:rSm aecGifh r½Sdygvm; }

4/ xdkokdYNzifh uRefawmf vlwpfa,muf Nzpfvmygonf/ ycHk;ESpfzufBum;


acgif;ayguf½HkruyJ wifyg;ESpfNcrf;pDrSmrSvnf; aNcaxmufESpfacsmif; aygufcJh&ygonf/
ycHk;qDrS b,fnm qefYxGufaom vufqdkaomt&m Nzpfvm\/ uRefawmfvnf;
trsm;oligawGvdk ork'´&m 0rf;wpfxGudk qm;rcyfbJ csdK&avonf/ cspfoludk uRefawmf
cspf\/ odkYaomfu cspfolu axG;vdkufaom wHawG;wpfpufudkawmh trSwfw&
odrf;rxm;Nzpfyg/ cGmr½SyfEdSif? em;½GufraxmifEdkif? tNrD;rcwfEdkif Nzpf&aom vlYb0onf
oem;zG,f&mtwd Nzpf\/ aew0if;0if; ylonf/ rdk;wpfyGufyGuf ½Gmonf/ ESif;wokefokef
a0onf/ bmNzpfovJ? bmrSrNzpf/ bm[kwfovJ? bmrSr[kwf/ 'gudkyJ
½kyfwrsdK;pdwfwpfzHk twdNyD;um urÇmvkyfaeBu&onf/ wpfaeYrSm uRefawmf
cvkwfwdkufrdygonf/ vrf;avQmuf&if; cvkwfwdkufrdNcif;onf ½dk;&mqefvSaom
udpöwpfck Nzpfygonf/ tHhBozG,f&maumif;onfu uRefawmf aooGm;ygonf/
aotHhrl;rl;tcsdefrSm uRefawmfonf nnf;wGm;rdao;\/

] aBomf ... ig cvkwfwdk ufvJwm[m aemufvlawGu dk owdx m;avQmufzdkY


tcsufN yEdki f wmyJ }

5/ aovGefcsdefrSm uRefawmfh 0dnmOfu ESpfNcrf;uGJoGm;ygonf/ wpfNcrf;u


i&JNynfodkYqif;NyD; wpfNcrf;u ewfNynfodkY wuf\/ i&Jrif;BuD;u uRefawmfhwpfNcrf;udk
pum;aNymonf/

] rif;[m ightvkyfudk aESmifh,Sufw,f/ aoNyD;rSom i&JusrSmvdkY tm;vHk;u xifBuw,f/


'gayr,fh vuf½Sdb0rSmwif vlawG&JU rdrdukd,fudk,f vdyfNymrvHkrIu wpfqifh
xdkufoifhovdk ay;tyf&wJhtcg tao;pm; 'PfcwfrIawGvnf; ½Sdw,f/ rif;u
vdkufzsufqD;w,f/ rif;udk tNypfay;&r,f }

aemufxyf uRefawmfhwpfNcrf;udkvnf; ewfrif;BuD;u aNymonf/

] rif;udk ig csD;usL;ygw,f/ rif;[m wwfpGrf;oa½GUawmh avmu aumif;usdK;udk


aqmifcJhwmyJ/ rif;udk ig aumif;csD;ay;&r,f }
olwdkY\ pD&ifcsufrsm;u NydKifwlqdkovdk xGufay:vm\/ tcsif;csif; aBuysufovdk
NzpfoGm;um rlvae&mrSm NAKef;ceJ uRefawmf vlNyefNzpfoGm;ygonf/ uRefawmfha½SUrsm
cvkwfqefaom cJvHk;BuD; wpfvHk;uvnf; ½Sdae\/ NyefvSnfh&rvm;? ausmfvTm;&rvm;?
qGJ,lvTifhypf&if aumif;rvm; pOf;pm;&if; uRefawmf a00g;qJ? ,aeYxufwdkif bmrSvnf;
rvkyfNzpfao;acs/

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4/ vIdif;*,uf usuGJoHrsm;

(1)
]a0g ... a0g}

]a&awGwufvmNyD aNy;Bua[h ... aNy;Bu}


wpfcgu Nrpfurf;eHab;u ½Gmwpf½Gm[m a&vTrf;rdk;rI cH&w,f/ ½Gmol½Gmom;awGu
eD;pyf&m ypönf;awGudk qGJ,lNyD; oaomuarsm xGufaNy;Bu&w,f/ a&vTrf;rdk;tm;uvnf;
aumif;vGef;vScsnf&JU/ &uftawmfBumwJhtxd a&Nyefrusbl;/

tJh'DvdkeJY NynfharmufaewJh Nrpfa&xJrSm a½Ttdk;wpftdk;[m a&pD;twdkif;


arsmygae&awmhw,f/

]tif; ... igawmh b,faomifb,furf; qdkufrvJ rodbl;}

awG;&if;? ai;&if;? yifhouf½Iduf&if; olYwpfudk,fawmf pD;arsmaewkef; ...

(2)

]OD;a½Ttdk; ... OD;a½Ttdk; ... uRefawmfhudk apmifhygOD;}

toHBum;&vdkY vSnfhBunfhawmhrS olYaemuf rvSrf;rurf;uae arsmygvmwJh


aiGtdk;wpftdk;udk awGU&w,f/ udk,fudk azmhxdef;vdkY aiGtdk;udk apmifh&if;
pum;aNymazmf&NyDqdkwJh tawG;eJY a½Ttdk;aysmfoGm;w,f/
olwdkYcsif; a½SUqifhaemufqifh eD;uyfoGm;awmh aiGtdk;u p} ar;w,f/

]OD;a½Ttdk; b,foGm;rSmvJAs}

]b,foGm;&rvJ rodygbl; OD;aiGtdk;&,f? 'Dtwdkif; arsmaewmygyJ}

]at;Asm ... uRefawmfvnf; tJ'DvdkyJ? rxl;ygbl;Asm/ uRefawmf OD;a½Ttdk;aemufu


vdkufcJhr,f}

]aumif;ygw,fAsm? uRefawmfwdkYu wpfa&xJpD; wpfc&D;xJ oGm;awGyJ[m}

aiGtdk;[m a½Ttdk;&JUaemufu ygoGm;awmhw,f/ wpfae&m a&mufawmh ...

(3)

]OD;a½Ttdk; ... [dkaemufrSmvnf; tdk;ESpfvHk; arsmvmw,fAs? cPapmifhvdkuf&if


aumif;rvm;}

][kwfvm; OD;aiGtdk;? aumif;wmaygh? apmifhvdkufr,fav}

tdk;ESpfvHk;u olwdkYtem;udk a&mufvmw,f/ aNrtdk;awGyg/ wpftdk;u BuD;NyD; wpftdk;u


i,fw,f/ i,fwJhtdk;u EIwfcrf;yJaew,f/ tdk;tBuD;aumifu olwdkYudk,folwdkY
rdwfqwfw,f/

]uRefawmfu xrif;tdk;yg/ olu ig;ydtdk;yg/ OD;a½Ttdk;? OD;aiGtdk;wdkYeJYtwl vdkufcJhyg&ap}

(4)

OD;a½Ttdk;u cPpOf;pm;NyD; ...

]at;av vdkufcJhaygh/ bmyJaNymaNym igwdkYtiftm; awmifhoGm;wmaygh}


olwdkY tdk;av;vHk;[m wef;pDNyD; pD;arsmoGm;Buw,f/ wpfcsdKU a&pD;Burf;wJh ae&mawGrSm
acgif;aqmifNzpfol a½Ttdk;u taBumuftvefY enf;yg;apr,fh tm;rmefoHcsyfudk wdkifw,f/
usefwJhtdk;awGu Nyefatmfw,f/

]'D ... vIdif;udk b,fvdk Nzwfr,f}

]'Dvdk Nzwfr,f}

]'DNrpfudk b,fvdkul;r,f}

]'Dvdkul;r,f}

'DvdkeJY olwdkYawG c&D;qufvmBu&if; NrpfauGYwpfck ta&mufrSmawmh ...

(5)

][dkem;rSm aBu;tdk;wpftdk; 'Dbufudk vmaew,f}

EIwfcrf;yJ ig;ydtdk;av;u vSrf;aNymwmyg/ a½Ttdk;eJY aiGtdk;u a½SUudk tm½Hkpdkufae&vdkY


vSnfhrBunfhtm;bl;/ 'gayr,fh 0rf;omoGm;w,f/

]at; ... a½Ttdk;? aiGtdk; ½SdNyDqdkrSawmh aBu;tdk;½Sd&awmhrSmaygh/ olvdkufcsif


vdkufvmyavhap/ igwdkYESpfa,muf&JU aemufrSm ae&may;vdkuf/ armifxrif;tdk;eJY
armifig;ydtdk;u enf;enf; aemufqkwfay;vdkuf/ olwdkY igwdkYBum;xJ 0ifyap [kwfvm;}

][kwfuJh}

arsmygvmwJh aBu;tdk;[m olwdkYBum;xJrSm ae&may;Ncif;cH&w,f/ (a½T+ aiG+ aBu;+


xrif;+ ig;yd) ayghav/

]ckvdk rsKd;wlEG,fwl rdwfaqGaumif;awGeJY BuHK&wm r*FvmygyJAsm}


aBu;tdk;u tmvkwfoHBuD;eJY aus;Zl;wifpum; qdkw,f/ a½Ttdk;uvnf; olYudk
tm;ay;pum; NyefaNymrvdkYygyJ/ 'gayrJh rsufESmcsif;qdkift&yfu ysHoef;vmwJh
iSufuav;wpfaumifaBumifh tm½HkaNymif;oGm;w,f/ iSufuav;u ...

(6)

][m ... cifAsm;wdkYawG vdkufvmBuwmudk;/ [dka½SUem;u NrpfusOf;ukef;NrifhrSm


cifAsm;wdkY½GmuvlawG pcef;csaew,f/ cifAsm;wdkdY a&mufvmrSef;od&if olwdkY
odyfaysmfoGm;BurSmyJ}

]'gqdk iSufuav;&,f? wdkYvmaewJhtaBumif; tyef;rBuD;&if olwkdYudk


oGm;NyefaNymay;ygvm;}

]tif; ... 'grsdK;u ulnDaumif;ygw,f/ oGm;NyefaNymay;r,fav}

iSufuav; NyefvSnfhxGufoGm;csdefrSm a½Ttdk;u tm;wufNyD; oHcsyfwdkifw,f/

]'D ... vIdif;udk b,fvdkNzwfr,f}

]'Dvdk Nzwfr,f}

]'DNrpfudk b,fvdkul;r,f}

]'Dvdk ul;r,f}

aBu;tdk;&JU toHu BoBoBuD;rdkY em;axmifraumif;bl;/ tJh'DtcsdefrSmyJ


aemufxyfNyóemu 0ifvmw,f/

(7)

]ESmacgif;xJrSm teHYtouf raumif;ovdkyJ}


a½Ttdk;u tJh'DvdkaNymawmh aiGtdk;uvnf; ...

][kwfw,f/ uRefawmfhESmacgif;xJrSmvnf; teHYqdk;BuD;&aew,f}

xrif;tdk;u aemufuae vSrf;aNymw,f/

]ig;ydtdk;u EIwfcrf;yJhaevdkY pum;ryDwm/ aBu;tdk;r[kwfbl;? olu acs;tdk;vdkYaNymwm/


ck .. uRefawmfwdkYBum;xJ a&mufaewm rdv’mtdk;BuD;}

]a[}

r,HkEdkifavmufatmifNzpfNyD; a½Ttdk; a'golykefxygawmhw,f/

(8)

aBu;tdk; r[kwfwJh acs;tdk; (ac:) rdv’mtdk;udk vSnfhaNymygawmhw,f/

]rif;u bmoabmeJY 'Dvdkvkyf&wmfvJ/ bmNzpfvdkY igwdkYBum; 0ifa&m&wmvJ}

rdv’mtdk;u toHBoBoBuD;eJY NyefaNzw,f/

]usKyfvnf; tdk;yJavAsm}

][m ... igwdkYu a½Ttdk; aiGtdk; uG}

]'Du xrif;tdk;? ig;ydtdk;usawmhaum}

]igwdkYvdk a½Ttdk;? aiGtdk;½Sd&if xrif;tdk;? ig;ydtdk;vnf; ½SdvmrSmayghuG/ bmxl;vJ}

]tJh'gqdk usKyfvnf; ½SdvmrSmayghAs}

]rif; ... rif;}


(9)

tJh'DtcsdefrSmyJ iSufuav; Nyefa&mufvmNyD; ...

]uRefawmf aNymNyvdkufNyD/ olwdkYtukefvHk; 0rf;omtm;& xckefBuw,f/ cifAsm;wdkYudk


Nrpfurf;pyfrSm tm;vHk;u apmifhBudKaeBuNyD/ NrefNrefoGm; ...}

iSufuav; olYc&D; olqufoGm;csdefrSm (NzpfaewJh Nyóemudk cParhoGm;NyD;) a½Ttdk;u


vufcarmif;cwf BuHK;0g;w,f/

]'D ... vIdif;ukd b,fvdk Nzwfr,f}

]'Dvdk Nzwfr,f}

rdv’mtdk;&JU atmufuvdtm toHBuD;u yg ... ygvmvdkY a½Ttdk;u pdwfqdk;rmefqdk;


vSnfhaNymw,f/

]a[haumif rdv’mtdk;? usefwJholawGyJ atmfyap? rif; 0ifratmfeJYuG}

]bmNzpfvdkYvJAs}

]tdk ... rif;u a&maomabmaom vkyfraeeJY/ igwdkifwmudk rif;0ifazmufp&mrvdkbl;/


½Iyfygw,fuGm/ oGm; ... oGm; ... rif; igwdkYBum;uae ck csufcsif; xGufoGm;}

]b,fvdkvkyf oGm;rvJAs/ a&pD;aBumif;u 'Dtwdkif;BuD; oifhaewJh[mudk}

[kwfygw,f/ a&pD;aBumif;u olwdkY tdk;ig;vHk;udk vuf½SdtpDtpOftwdkif;yJ '½Gwfwdkuf


qGJac:oGm;ygNyD/

(10)

½Gmol½Gmom;awGu Nrpfurf;pyfrSm olwdkYudk apmifhBudKaeBuNyD/ olwdkYudk Nrifawmh


vufoD;vufarmif;wef;NyD; 0rf;yrf;wom [pfa<u;Buw,f/
]a[; ...}

rdv’mtdk;uvnf; toHBoBoBuD;eJY 0rf;omtm;& Nyefatmfw,f/

]a[; ...}

usefwJh tdk;awGuawmh pdwfysufvufysuf NzpfaeBuav&JU/ (bmoHrSudk rxGufEdkifbl;)


a½Ttdk;? aiGtdk;aemufu rdv’mtdk;BuD; ygvmwmvnf; raumif;bl;/ xrif;tdk;?
ig;ydtdk;a½SUrSm rdv’mtdk;BuD; ½Sdaewmvnf; raumif;bl;/ Nynfawmf0if rsufESmyef;
vS&rvm; atmufarhyg&JU/ tckawmh tNrifrwifhvdkufwm/ ]]atmuf}} vdkufwm/

olwdkYqD taNy;tvTm;vmBuwJh ½Gmol½Gmom;awG&JU rsufESmawGudk Nrif&awmh/

tif; ... cufygaygh/ tHr,frif; ... cufvSygaygh/

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=--==-=-=-=-=-
5/ vlESi fh rdk ;wdr f 0wfrIe frsm;

ed'gef;

xkdaeY& uf rdkufygap/ bk&m;ociffo nf rsufES mNyKawmf rrlygapESi fh/ tvif;


ray:xG
ray:xGe f; ygapESifh / arSmifr dkuf? aorif; t&dyfo nf xdkaeY&uf toa&udk
½Iwfc sygap/ rdk ;wdr fxyf vTrf;rdk; ygap/ rGef ;wnfht½SdefNzifh aBumufr ufzG,f
Nzpfygap/ xdknOfhonf arSmifrdkufü aysmufygap/ aeYpOfaeY& ufwdk YE Sifh
raygif;yapESifh/ vta&twGufü r0ify gapESif h/ aBomf ... ... xdkn Ofhonf
qdwfnHy gap/ ½Ti fvef; aom toHr½Sdy gapESifh / aeY& ufudk a½G; í usdef qJwwfaomol?
rdausmif; udk xapwwfaom olwdkYo nf xdknOfhudk usdef qJygap/
nOfhO D;,HBu,fwdkYonf rdku fy gap/ xdkn Ofhonf tvif; udk awmifhw í r&ygapESi fh/
eHe ufrdk;vif;udk rNrifygapESifh/ taBumif
taBu mif; rlu m; igh trd\ 0rf;udk ydwfr xm;/
'ku©q if;&Judk igrNrifapNcif; iSm ruG,frum/
a,mb0wåK ? 3; 4 - 9/
<>

pdrfhaeatmif at;onf/ arQmfBunfhvQif b,fudkrS BunfvifpGm rNrif&/ avuvnf;


t½dk;uGJatmifyif atmfoHay;í wdkufcwfaeonf/ rkqdk;onf rD;zdkem;rS rcGmEdkif Nzpfae&NyD;
qdk;0g;Burf;BuKwfaeaom &moDOwkudk atmf[pfqJqdkaeavonf/

trJvdkufacG; oHk;aumifuawmh olwdkY\ tHpmupm;yGJudkyif qufupm;aeonf/


tHpmwHk;acgufoH wa*smufa*smufESifh olwdkYoHk;aumifpvHk; vuf½SdtaNctaeudk
a½Smifykef;Ekdif&ef BudK;pm;aeBu\/

&moDOwk\ tEÅ&,faBumifh b,fudkrS rxGufEdkifawmhyJ þopfvHk; tdrfuav;twGif;rSm


olwdkYtm;vHk; ydwfavSmifrdvsufom; Nzpfaeavonf/

1/ rdk;oufavNyif;usoH
a0g

2/ tHpmwHk;acgufoHrsm;
]a*smuf}
]a*smuf ... a*smuf}
]a*smuf ... a*smuf ... a*smuf}

<>

þtdrf\ t½SifocifNzpfaom rkqdk;? BuufESpfaumif? qdwfwpfaumif? cdkif;EGm;wpfaumif?


(rkqdk;u þtdrfuav;teD;rSmyif wpfEdkifpm v,fuGufuav;Nzifh olYtwGuf
pyg;pdkuf\/) awmvnf&mwGif rkqdk;ESifhtwl vdkuf&avh½Sdaom olwdkY acG;oHk;aumif/

tm;vHk;onf tdrfuav;xJrSm aumhvefauG;0yf&if; Nyify &moDOwkudk


ai;BunfhaeBu&\/

]igwdkY tHpmupm;&atmif}

tpma&pm NywfvyfpNyKvmaomtcsdefwGif olwdkYoHk;aumifu 'ku©udk arhEdkif&ef BudK;pm;um


tHpmupm;yGJuav;udk NyKvkyfcJhBuonf/

olwdkY\ upm;yGJ pcsdefrSmyJ rkqdk;u BuufESpfaumifudk owfpm;vdkufonf/


Buuf\ aemufqHk; atmfNrnfoHESifh olwdkY\ tHpmwHk; pwifacgufoH ,Sufvdrf
xGufay:vmcJh\/

1/ BuufatmfoH
]tGwf}

2/ tHpm;wHk;acgufoHrsm;
]a*smuf}
]a*smuf ... a*smuf}
]a*smuf ... a*smuf ... a*smuf}

<>

&moDOwku Nyefvnf wnfNidrfNcif;r½SdbJ qdk;½Gm;onfxuf qdk;½Gm;aeonfudk tHpm;wHk;


iHkUacgufae&if;u olwdkYawG od½SdcHpm;aeBu&\/ olwdkY\ oufNyif;csoHudk
tHpmwHk;acgufoHESifhyif NyefzHk;vTrf;vdkufBuNyefonf/

]a*smuf ... a*smuf ... a*smuf}

rqHk;Edkifaom tHpmupm;yGJNzpfí wpfaumifNyD; wpfaumif Edkifvsuf? wpfaumifNyD;


wpfaumif ½HI;aeBuonf/ upm;yGJt½SdefNrifhpNyKcsdefrSmyif rkqdk;u qdwfudk
owfpm;vdkufNyef\/

]igwdkYupm;yGJ b,fawmh NyD;rSmvJ}

]&moDOwk NyefBunfvifwJh wpfaeYaygh}

1/ qdwfatmfoH
]yg;}
2/ tHpmwHk;acgufoHrsm;
]a*smuf}
]a*smuf ... a*smuf}
]a*smuf ... a*smuf ... a*smuf}

<>

]&moDOwku NyefBunfvifygOD;rvm;uGm}

pdwfysufvufysufESifh wpfaumifu nnf;rdawmh aemufwpfaumifu NyefaNzonf/

]tck tHpmwHk; acgufovdkaygh/ rsufESmNyifu aNcmufbuf½Sdw,f/ igwdkY


uscsifwJhtyGifhuszdkYtwGuf arQmfvifhcsuf[m aNcmufyHkwpfyHk ½Sdw,f}

xdkodkYNzifh olwdkY tHpmacgufNrJ qufacgufaevdkufBuonf/

]a*smuf ... a*smuf ... a*smuf}

xdkpOftcsdefrSmyif ...

tHpmwHk;acgufoHudk zHk;vTrf;oGm;aom atmfoHBuD;wpfcku ay:vmNyefonf/

olwdkY\ tHpmupm;yGJuav;yif a&mif&rf;NyD; acwå&yfoGm;rd\/

odkYaomf taNctaeudk em;vnfoGm;NyD;onfhaemuf bmrS rNzpfovdkyif olwdkY


qufacgufaevdkufBu\/

rkqdk;u cdkif;EGm;udk owfpm;vdkufNcif;Nzpfonf/

1/ EGm;atmfoH
]tl;}

2/ tHpmwkHk;acgufoHrsm;
]a*smuf}
]a*smuf ... a*smuf}
]a*smuf ... a*smuf ... a*smuf}

<>

vdrfhaeaom tHpmwHk;u wNznf;Nznf;csif; t½Sdeft[kef tm;aysmhusvmonf/ tHpmwHk;


vdrfhoHwpfcsuf\ tqHk;rSm ...

]aemufqHk;taeeJY 'DwpfcsufacgufuGm}

tHpmwHk;wpfcsuf acguf\/ aemufqHk;taeeJY Nzpf]/ rnfonfh tyGifhusrSef;yif olwdkYrod/


vSnfhrBunfhawmhyJ qdk;½Gm;vSaom &moDOwkxJudkyif olwdkY oHk;aumif
aNy;xGufoGm;vdkufBuonf/

1/ rdk;oufavNyif;usoH
]a0g}

2/ tHpmwHk;acgufoHrsm;
]a*smuf}
]a*smuf ... a*smuf}
]a*smuf ... a*smuf ... a*smuf}

<>

wpfudk,fvHk; awmifhcJoGm;Edkifavmufatmif at;aom &moDOwkxJrSmyif olwdkY\ aoG;awG


ylaEG;aeBu\/

]udk,fhcdkif;EGm;udkawmifrS owfpm;wJhvlqDrSm igwdkY raeoifhawmhbl;}

]at; ... [kwfw,f? igwdkY ck b,foGm;BurvJ}

]wpfae&mudk oGm;&if &ygw,f? 'gayr,fh roGm;ao;yJ avmuBuD;&JU txl;Ncm;qHk;


NyyGJuav;udk apmifhBunfh&if aumif;r,fxifw,f}

]NyyGJ ... [kwfvm;? bmNyyGJvJ}

<>

]tckqdk&if igwdkY&JU rkqdk;rSm owfpm;p&m bmaumifrS r½Sdawmhbl;/ bmaumifrS


owfpm;vdkYr&awmhwJhtwGuf ol[m olYudk,fol owfpm;vdrfhr,f/ tJ'g[m avmu&JU
txl;Ncm;qHk; NyyGJav;wpfckvdkY ig,lqw,f/ igwdkY tJh'gudk apmifhBunfhoGm;Bu&if
aumif;r,f}

opfvHk;tdrfuav;\ teD;tyg; wpfae&mrSmyif xdkNyyGJudk Bunfh½I&ef olwdkY


apmifhqdkif;aevdkufBuonf/

]igwdkY aemufqHk;acgufcJhwJh tHpmwHk;av;uolYtwGufyJ/tyGifhb,favmufusr,fxifovJ}


vSnfhrBunfhcJhrdoNzifh rnfolrS rodBu/ ESif;yGifhawGuom rD;yGm;awGvdk wzGm;zGm;
usvmaeBuonf/

vlonf oliSm;uJho dk Y rd rdaeY&ufu dk vGefapponf


onfhw dkifatmif Nidrf0yf&aom tcGifhu dk
ay;awmfrl\/ opfyifu dk ckw faomfvnf; tik wftcsnf;pnf; r½SdyJ
twufaygufavOD ;rnf[ k arQmfv ifhp&m ½Sd\/ aNrxJrSm tNrpfa[mif; í aNray:rSm
tikwf aoaomfvnf; a&aiGUaBumifh twuf aygufí ysdK ;yifu Jho dkY tnGefYw dk YESifh
NynfhpHkvdrfhrnf/ vlrlu m; aoí aqG;aNrhwwf \/
a,mb0wåK ? 14; 16 - 10
-= -=- =-= -= - =- =-= -=- =-= -=- = -= -=- = -= -=- =-= -= - =-= -= -=- =-= -
6/ owåraNrmuf rsufr NrifykP Öm ;
(1)

½GmtNyif Z&yftdkBuD; wpfckxJrSmyg/ rsufrNrif ykPÖm;aNcmufa,mufwdkY aBuaBuuGJuGJ


pum;qdkaeBuw,f/
(2)

wpfa,mufu aNymw,f/

]tDwvD EdkifiHom;av;wpfa,muf&JU a&m*gu xl;xl;qef;qef;wJhAs/ olu aeYzufrSm


vHk;0uef;NyD; nzufusrS Nrif&owJh/ tJ'gudkvnf; vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm;u rodBubl;wJh/
awmfawmfeJYudk rodwm/ aemufrS aumifav;u EdkifiHNcm;xGufzdkY pDpOfawmh aq;ppfcH&if;
ay:oGm;wmwJh/ EdkifiHNcm;roGm;&&if aeygapAsm/ olYvdk nzufrSm Nrif&&ifbJ
uRefawmfawmh auseyfygNyD}
(3)

aemufwpfa,mufuvnf; aNymw,f/

]w½kwfEdkifiH ½SefpDNynfe,f&JU bk&ifcHwpfa,muf[mqdk&if rsufvHk;wpfvHk;rSm oli,ftdrf


ESpfckpDawmifygowJh/ olwdkYrsm;awmh tm;uszdkY aumif;vdkufwmAsm}
(4)

aemufwpfa,mufu xyfaNymw,f/

]tD*spfordkif;rSqdk&if rsufaphuef;aewJh olawGudk wyf&if;BuD;ESpfckawmif zGJUcJhowJh/


'gayr,fh tJ'Dppfom;awGu usKyfwdkYvdk pHkvHk;uef;awmh r[kwfbl;/ wpfzufuef;awGwJh/
usKyfwdkYrSmawmhAsm}
(5)

olwdkY tJ'Dvdk rcsdwifuJ aNymaeBu&wm taBumif;½Sdygw,f/ qifwpfaumifudk


oGm;a&muf prf;oyfBunfhrd&mu tpNyKygw,f/
(6)

olwdkY[m 'D½Gm&JU teD;tyg;rSmyJ awmif;&rf;pm;aomuf&wJh rsufrNrifawGyg/


arG;uwnf;u tNriftm½Hk ygrvmolawGrdkY bmudkrS rNrifcJh&ygbl;/ wpfaeYawmh
½GmolBuD;&JU tdrfrSm qifwpfaumif a&mufvmw,fvdkY Bum;w,f/ ½Gmol½Gmom;awGu
txl;tqef;tNzpf aNymqdkaeBuwmudk Bum;awmh olwdkYvnf; pdwf0ifpm;wmaygh/

]wdkYvnf; tJ'Dqifudk oGm;BunfhBu&atmif}

]b,fvdkBunfhrSmvJ}

]vufeJY udkifBunfhrSmaygh}
(7)

nOfhOD;ydkif; vlol½Sif;vif;csdefrSm olwdkY[m aNzmifhNzL;wJh ½Gmt0ifvrf;twdkif;


wpfa,mufvufudk wpfa,mufcsdwfNyD; olBuD;tdrfqD oGm;Buw,f/ olwdkYqifudk
prf;oyfudkifwG,fBunfhcsifaBumif; aNymqdkcGifhawmif;w,f/ olBuD;uvnf;
oabmaumif;olqdkawmh ...

]at; ... at; udkifBunfhBuayghuGm? 'DqifBuD;u ,Ofygw,f}

(8)

olwdkYawG 0rf;omtm;&eJY qifBuD;udk ukdifwG,f prf;oyfBuygw,f/ aemufawmh olwdkYawG


pkaygif;aexdkifwJh Z&yftdkBuD;qD yDwdudk,fpDNzifh NyefvmBuygw,f/ aemufydkif;rSmrS
Nyóemu pawmhwmyJ/

(9)

qif&JU cE¨mudk,fudk prf;rdwJholu qifqdkwm ]]tkwfwHwdkif;}} eJY wlw,fvdkY aNymw,f/


ESmarmif;udk prf;rdwJholu qifqdkwm ]a>r]}}eJY wlw,fvdkY aNymNyD; tNrD;udk prf;rdolu
qifqdkwm ]]BudK;}} twdkif;yJvdkY qdkw,f/

em;½Gufudk prf;rdolu qifqdkwm ,yfawmifeJY wlw,fwJh/ tpG,fudk prf;rdoluusawmh


vHSvdkY qkdNyefa&m/ aNcaxmufudk prf;rdolu qifqdkwm wkwfwkwfcdkifcdkifygyJ/ opfyif?
yifpnfeJY wu,fwlowJh/ olwdkYawG t,ltq uGJNym;Buawmhw,f/
(10)

yxrawmh Niif;BucHkBueJYaygh/

]a[haumif ... rif; ... aoaocsmcsm rNrifyJ raNymeJY}

]rif;uaum NrifvdkYvm;}

]igu vufeJY tyDtNyif prf;vmwm}

]igvnf; tyDtNyif prf;vmwmyJ}


(11)

aemufawmh taNrmftNrif½SdwJh rsufrNrif ykPÖm;wpfa,mufu qdkw,f/

]Niif;raeBueJYuGm? udk,feJYeD;wJhae&m udk,fprf;vmNyD; tckawmh qifqdkwm


bmyHkaygufaeovJawmif rodawmhbl;/ b,folurSvnf; tydkiftEdkif aNymEdkifpGrf;
r½Sdbl;/ wdwfBuawmh}

olYpum;tqHk;rSm tm;vHk; NidrfoGm;w,f/ olwdkYawG pdwful;eJY qifudk yHkazmfBunfhrdw,f/


(qif= ,yfawmif+ a>r+ BudK;+ tkwfwHwdkif;+ opfyif yifpnf+ vHS) NzpfoGm;Buw,f/
aemufawmhvnf; olwdkYb0udk olwdkY 0rf;enf;pum;awGudk ckeuvdk (a½SUydkif;rSm
wifNycJhovdk) aNymqdkNzpfaeBuawmhwmyJ/

(12)

tJh'DtcsdefrSmyJ ...

]uRefawmhudkvnf; 'DZ&yfrSm wpfnwm wnf;cdkcGifhNyKygcifAsm? uRefawmf[m vSnfhvnf


awmif;pm;ae&wJh rsufrNrif ykPÖm; wpfa,mufyg}

][m ... vmyg? vmyg? &ygw,f/ uRefawmfwdkYuvnf; cifAsm;eJY b0wlawG ygyJ}


olwdkY tcsif;csif; ½dkif;yif;Buygw,f/ owåraNrmuf rsufrNrif ykPÖm;[m
e,fpHkvSnfhvmNyD; tBum;tNrif NynfhpHkolNzpfvdkY olwdkYudk ,Of,Ofaus;aus;
pum;qdkEdkifygw,f/

(13)

]uRefawmfwdkYawG bmrS tm;i,fp&m


r½Sdygbl;Asm/ ]]qm}}bGJY&cJhwJh ]]z&efppf*sdK;Zufuif;bJvf}} qdkwJh awmifwuform;[m
rsufrNrifAs}

]olu t&rf;awmfvdkY NzpfrSmygAsm/ uRefawmfwdkYuawmh omref vlawGyg/


qifBuD;wpfaumifvHk; oGm;prf;Bunfhwmawmif bmyHkaygufovJqdkwm ckxk roJuGJbl;}

]b,fqifvJ? 'D½GmolBuD;tdrfu qifvm;}

][kwfw,f? cifAsm;odvdkYvm;}

]odw,fav ... usKyfawmif prf;BunfhcJhao;w,f}


(14)

olYpum;aBumifh usefwJh rsufrNrif ykPÖm;aNcmufa,muf em;½GufaxmifoGm;w,f/


A[kokwrsm;yHk&wJh tJ'D owåraNrmuf ykPÖm;udk tarmwaum 0dkif;ar;rdBuw,f/

]aNymprf;ygOD;? qifu bmeJY wlovJAs}

]qifqdkwm iSufaysmfoD;eJY wlw,fAs}

]Asm}

]qifqdkwm iSufaysmfoD;eJY wlw,fvdkY}


(15)

rsufrNrifykPÖm; (6) a,muf acgif;wqwfqwf ndwfBuygw,f/ oufNyif;BuD;awG


rIwfxkwfNyD; rSwfcsufwpfckudkvnf; NydKifwlcsBuw,f/

]aBomf ... vufpowfawmh tJ'Dqifu ]]txD;}} BuD;udk;}

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

7/ qdkua&;wD; t&d yf

(1)
olu zdeyfrpD;/ &moDOwk'PfcHEdkifaom 0wf½Hkwpfxnf½SdvQif olYtwGuf NynfhpHkonf/
wpfaeYrSm vlol½IyfaxG;aom aps;xJodkY ola&mufoGm;\/ vrf;ab;rSm csa&mif;aom
ypönf;rsm;udk pl;pl;prf;prf; vdkufBunfhaerdonf/ olu rodaomfvnf; olYudk
odxm;yHk&onfh vli,fav;wpfa,mufu vmar;onf/

]q&mBuD; bmypönf;udk ½SmaewmvJ}

]bmypönf;udkrS r½Smygbl;uG,f/ vlawGtwGuf trSefwu,fvnf; rvdktyfwJh ypönf;awG


b,favmufrsm; rsm;aeNyDvJvdkY vdkufBunfhwmyg}
(2)

wpfcgu olYxHodkY ausmif;awmfom;wpfa,muf a&mufvmonf/

]q&mBuD; uRefawmf ynmvdkcsifvdkYyg}

]vm ... vdkufcJh}


Nrpfurf;yg;wpfckodkY olwdkY a&mufoGm;Buonf/ olu xdkausmif;om;av;udk a&xJ
wGef;csvdkuf\/ a&rul;wwfaom ausmif;awmfom;uav;rSm ,ufuef,ufuef/
olNyefq,fay;cJhygonf/ pum;wpfcGef;udkawmh ar;&\/

]rif; ... a&xJepfwkef;u bmudk tawmifhwqHk;vJ}

]av}

]at; ... a&epfwJh tcsdefrSm avudk awmifhwovdkrsdK; ynmudk rif; awmifhw&if rif;
ynmwwfBuD; Nzpf&r,f}
(3)

]q&mBuD; .... uRefawmf rdef;uav; wpfa,mufudk cspfaerdNyD}

][kwfvm; b,ftcsdefu cspfoGm;wmvJ}

]NrifNrifcsif; cspfrdwmygyJ? b,fvdkvkyf&rvJ}

]aemufwpfacguf aoaocsmcsm xyfBunfhvdkuf}

]Asm}

]aemufwpfacguf aoaocsmcsm xyfBunfhvdkufvdkY}

vli,fav;u em;rvnfyJ acgif;ukwfí vSnfhxGufoGm;onf/ olu aemufwpfcg


a½G;cs,fcGifh ay;vdkufonfh oabmNzpf\/ olY qHk;Nzwfcsufudk aocsmap&ef Nzpfonf/
(4)

olu ynm½SdBuD; qdkua&;wD;ukd tm;usonf/ qdkua&;wD;vdk Nzpfcsifonf/ olYxHodkY


ar;cGefawG wufvmavonf/
(5)
ynm½SdBuD;cifAsm; .../ uRefawmhfeHab; tvkyfpm;yGJu vl[m tifrwef avcRefygw,f/
tJ'DtwGuf uRefawmf tvGef pdwfyifyef;&ygw,f/ ol avcRefwJh aw;oGm;awG[m
uRefawmf tvGwf&xm;wJh oDcsif;aw;oGm;awG NzpfaevdkYyg/ olu avcRef&if uRefawmfu
tJ'DoDcsif;udk pdwfxJuae vdkufqdkaerdygw,f/ wpfaeYwpfaeY pdwfxJu vdkufqdkaerdwJh
oDcsif;awG renf;ygbl;/ vlvnf; Bum&if 'ku©a&muf&ygawmhr,f/ 'DNyóemudk b,fvdk
aNz½Sif;&&if aumif;rvJcifAsm/
(6)

ynm½SdBuD;cifAsm; ... uRefawmf iSufukvm;tkwfwpfaumifyg/ uRefawmfwdkYu tpmpm;&if


aNcwpfzufaNr§mufxm;NyD; pm;Buygw,f/ ESpfzufvHk; aNr§muf&ifawmh vJoGm;rSmayghav/
uRefawmf odcsifwmu ½dk;½dk;av;yg/ vlawGuawmh tpmpm;&if bmNzpfvdkY aNcwpfzuf
raNr§mufwmvJ/
(7)

ynm½SdBuD;cifAsm; ... uRefawmhfbBuD;[m tifrwef *Gusygw,f/


vufzuf&nfqdkifxdkif&if ]½S,f} udkrS rSmaomufygw,f/ pm;yGJxdk;u vufzuf&nfcGufudk
ZGef;av;wyfNyD; vmcsay;vdkY½Sd&if tBumBuD; arTygw,f/ NyD; tJ'DZGef;eJYyJ cyf
cyfaomufygw,f/ uRefawmf pdwfr½Snfyg/ ½Sufp&mvnf; aumif;ygw,f/ bBuD;&JU
tJ'Dtusifh aysmufoGm;atmif b,fvdkvkyf&yghrvJ/
(8)

ynm½SdBuD;cifAsm; ... &xm;blwmwpfckrSm vlwpfa,mufudk uRefawmf Nrifvdkuf&ygw,f/


tJh'Dvludk uRefawmf wpfae&mrSm NrifcJhzl;ygw,f/ aoaocsmcsmudk NrifcJhzl;w,fvdkY
rSwfrdygw,f/ 'gayr,hf b,fae&mrSm Nrifbl;wmvJqdkwmudk rrSwfrdygbl;/ b,fvdk
pOf;pm;pOf;pm; rrSwfrdygbl;/ uRefawmf tonf;toef pOf;pm;w,f/ rrSwfrdygbl;/
tJ'DtaBumif;udk uRefawmf aNymvGef;wJhtcg uRefawmfhudk aqGrsdK;awGu pdwfusef;rma&;
aq;½Hkudk ydkYvdkufBuygw,f/ uRefawmf ½l;aewm [kwf r[kwf aNzBum;ay;ygcifAsm/
(9)

ynm½SdBuD;cifAsm; ... uRefawmfwdkY NrdKUrSm olawmfpifwpfa,mufvdk NzLpifwJh vlwpfa,muf


½Sdygw,f/ tm;vHk;uvnf; olYudk av;pm;Buygw,f/ olYrSm tyltyifvnf; r½Sdygbl;/
'gayr,fh aemufydkif;rSm aomufpm;rl;,pfvmygw,f/ aumif;wmawG olvkyfcJhw,f/
Nzpfw,f/ tJ'g raumif;wmudk vkyfBunfh&ifaum Nzpfrvm;vdkY ol odcsifw,f/
tJ'gaBumifh t&ufaomufwmwJh/ olYpdwful;udk b,fvdk oHk;oyf&rvJcifAsm/
(10)

ynm½SdBuD;cifAsm; ... uRefawmfwdkY ausmif;u aumifrav;wpfa,muftaBumif;


aNymcsifwmyg/ 'Dvdkyg/ wpfaeY uifwif;rSm olu vufzuf&nf aomufygw,f/
uRefawmf ESyfacs;uavmfwmudk BunfhNyD; ol tefygw,f/ aemufwpfcg ol
tat;aomufaewkef; tJ'Dqdkifudk uRefawmf a&mufoGm;ygw,f/ uRefawmf ezmacs;
uavmfwmudk BunfhNyD; oltefygw,f/ aemufwpfcg olu aNymif;zl;pm;&if; tdrfomxJu
xGufvmwJh uRefawmfhudk BunfhNyD; oltefygw,f/ aemufusawmh uRefawmhfudk 'Dtwdkif;
awGU&ifvnf; tefygw,f/ uRefawmf bmvkyf&rvJcifAsm/
(11)

ynm½SdBuD;&Sifh .../ bwf(p)um;pD;&if; vlwpfa,mufu uRefrudk rSwfwdkifwpfck


ar;ygw,f/ uRefru ]odw,f ... odw,f} uRefr qif;r,fhrSwfwdkif ra&mufcif
ESpfrSwfwdkiftvkdrSm qif;vdkufvdkY aNymygw,f/ tm;vHk;u uRefrudk 0dkif;[m;Buygw,f/
[mo vkyfBuygw,f/ bmNzpfvdkYvJ&Sifh/ tJ'DrSwfwdkif a&muf&if uRefr olYudk
aNymvdkufrSmaygh/ uRefru um;ay:rSm ½SdaeOD;r,fh udpöyJ/ 'g ... &,fp&m [kwfvdkYvm;½Sif/
(12)

....................................
...................................
...................................
.................................

(13)

xdkar;cGef;rsm;udk Bum;&NyD;wJhaaemuf ... ]ig qdkua&;wD; NzpfNyD} [k a<u;aBumfum


qdkua&;wD;\ vufoHk;pum;udk 0ifh0ifh<um;<um; aNymvdkuf\/
]wu,fwrf; igodwmu igbmudkrS rodbl; qdkwmyJ} / /

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=/ /=-=-=-=-=--=-=-=---=--=-/ /=-=-=-=-


8/ vlESi fh tcsufa y;acgif; avmif;oH

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aps;qdkifcef;rsm;wGif a&mif;csonfu tm;upm;ypönf;rsm;om Nzpf\/ a½S;acwf
tm;upm;ypönf;rsm;rStp acwfvGef tm;upm;ypönf;rsm;txd wcrf;wem;
a&mif;csBuonf/

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2/ tpdrf ;a&mifcg;ywf

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][J[J ... uRefawmfhudk vlawGu oifwef;om;tqifhvdkYxifatmif vSnfhzsm;Edkif&if


uRefawmfhbufu tompD;&wmayghAsm}

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3/ yef;uefN ym;ysH

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4/ *dk;zrf; rsuf ESmzHk;

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acgif;wqwfqwfndwf&if; a&½Gwfonf/

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qdkiftNyifrS vufESpfzuf aemufypfum vSrf;ar;vdkufonf/

]rsufESmzHk;½Sdvm;}

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]½Sdygw,f}
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umuG,fEdkifzdkY? a[mfuDwkwfwHawGeJY ½dkufrd&if remusifzdkY 'DrsufESmzHk;udk pGyf&wm cifAsm;
todyJav/ usKyfvnf; wcsKdUvlawGudk &ifqdkifzdkY? olwdkY udkifaygufvmr,fh
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'DrsufESmzHk;udk 0,fwmyg}

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5/ vl pD;ydkvdk

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ywwf&yfBu? [DoHay;Bu\/

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xdkolYrsufESmudk awGa0pGm Bunfhaeonf/

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pD;rSmvJqdkwmudk uRefawmf pOf;pm;aewm}
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]vludkayghAs? vludk}

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pwifcJhw,fvdkY ordkif;½Sdw,f r[kwfvm;/ usKyfu vludkpD;NyD; ydkvkdupm;rSm/ wpfaeYrSm
usKyfvnf; ordkif;0ifvmrSmyJ}

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6/ teDa&mifyk0g

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xdkol&yfvdkufawmh EGm;rsm;u cGm½SyfBu\/

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qdkif½Sif\ tar;udk xdkvlu at;wdat;puf NyefaNz\/

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vSnfhxGufoGm;avonf/

7/ a&mrvuf tdwf

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xGufay:vmavonf/

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
9/ pHy,ft awG;

wpfaeY ausmif;udktoGm; vrf;rSm tyifay:wufNyD; rmvumoD;awG cl;wkef; q&mBuD;udk


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cl;r,fvkyfawmhvnf; olu vufrcHbl;/

]rif;rSm tdrfu xnfhay;vdkufwJh rkefYbl; ygw,fr[kwfvm;/ oGm; ... oGm;


udk,fhausmif;udk,f aNzmifhaNzmifhoGm;}

cufawmhwmygyJ/ om;vnf; bmrS raNymcsifwmeJY vSnfhxGufcJhw,f/ trSefqd


rmvumyifBuD;udk om; wufcl;pm;vdkY &ovdk olvnf; wufcl;pm;vdkY &wmyJ/
'grSr[kwf&ifvnf; om;cl;vmwJh rmvumoD;awGxJu olYudk enf;enf; cGJay;vdkY&wmyJ/
ckawmh ESpfa,mufvHk; iwfBu&w,f/

wu,fqdk om;u olrsm;tyifudk cdk;cl;wm r[kwfygbl;/ tyifydkif½Sif


tac:BuD;uudk ]]cl;pm;av}} vdkY cGifhNyKxm;NyD;om;yg/ 'gayr,fh om;uvnf; rwD;yJ
rNrnfcsifbl;av/ q&mBuD;u rar;awmh om;vnf; aNymrNyNzpfawmhbl;aygh/

tJ'DaeYupNyD; om;vnf; q&mBuD;udk owdxm;NyD; apmifhBunfhaerdawmhw,f/

olu om;wdkY&JU ausmif;tkyfq&mBuD;qdkayr,fh om;wdkYawGudk NyefaBumufaeyHk


&w,farar/ bmNzpfvdkYvnf;qdkawmh olYudk,fol umuG,fzdkYtwGuf BudrfvHk;BuD;wpfvHk;udk
tNrJ udkifxm;wwfw,f/ vdktyf&if tcsufay;zdkYtwGuf toHxGufacgif;avmif;BuD;
wpfvHk;uvnf; tem;rSm tNrJ½SdNyefa&m/

olYb0u oem;zdkYaumif;ygw,f arar&,f/

ausmif;udkvm&if azazuom;udk pufbD;uav;eif;NyD; vdkufydkYay;wmrsdK; r[kwfbl;/


olYzmom eif;vm&w,f/ om;udk arar acgif;NzD;ay;ovkdrsdK;vnf; olYudk b,folurS
vkyfray;bl;/ olYacgif;udk olYzmom NzD;&w,f/ om;wdkYvdk ayghayghyg;yg;
abmif;bDwdkav;0wfNyD; ausmif;vmvdkYvnf; r&bl;/ tNrJwrf; ykqdk;BuD; pnf;xm;&w,f/
om;wdkYvdk oeyfcg; yg;uGufusm;av;vl;NyD; ausmif;udk vmzdkYqdkwmuawmh
a0vma0;aygh/

olu om;wdkYvkd rkefYzdk;ay; bmav; r&½Smbl;/ ausmif;uae olYudk wpfvwpfcg


axmufyHhaBu;ay;xm;&w,f/ tJ'D ydkufqHudkyJ olYcrsm wpfvpm acRwmoHk;ae&w,f/
qdkifrSmyJ xrif;udk vay;pm;w,fwJh/ cGHYauR;r,fholvnf; r½Sdbl;/ olYzmom ZGef;eJY
cyfpm;&w,f/

olu uAsmawG bmawGvnf; a&;owJh arar&,f/ om;wdkYqdk zwfpmtkyfxJu uAsmudk


½GwfvdkufwmygyJ/ olYvdk tyifyef;cHNyD; a&;pyfraeygbl;/ b,fhES,f ... r[kwfwmBuD;/
wpfcgwpfcg olYqDudk olYrdwfaqG uAsmq&mqdkwJh vlBuD;awG vmvnfBuw,f/
vufzuf&nfqdkifrSm xdkifNyD; Niif;BuckefBueJY/ om;wdkYvdk ]zdkuf} p&m½Sd&if
ausmif;ab;v,fuGif;Nyifudk oGm;NyD; tNywf ]zdkuf} vdkufwmrsdK;vnf; r[kwfbl;/
b,fvdkrSef; raNymwwfawmhygbl;/

om;wdkYudk pmNyefoifzdkYtwGuf oltdrfrSm pmawG trsm;BuD; usuf&rSmyJaemf arar/


om;wdkYawmif 'Davmuf usuf&wm olqdk&if enf;rSm r[kwfbl;/ olusufwJh pmawGudk
&oGm;cJhNyD;&ifvnf; om;wdkYvdk yg;udkerf;NyD; *kPfNyKr,fhol ½Sdwmr[kwfbl;/ aemufNyD;
oloifay;vdkufwJh ausmif;om;av;awGu rlvwef;atmifNyD; tv,fwef;?
txufwef;awGudk a&mufukefayr,fh oluawmh twef;rwuf&bl;/ rlvwef;rSmyJ
usefcJhw,f/ olY'ku©BuD;ygw,f arar&,f/ b,fvdkBuD;vnf; rodbl;aemf/

olu tonf;vnf; uGJcJhzl;w,fvdkY Bum;&w,f/ uGJaewJh tonf;BuD;eJY touf½Sif


vlvkyfae&w,fwJh/ qif;&JwJh ausmif;q&mrdkYvdkY olYcspfoleJY uGJcJh&w,fqdkyJ/
olYBudrfvHk;BuD;eJY vdkuf½dkufvdkufwm r[kwfbl;/ olu cGifhNyKcJhygw,fwJh/ wpfcgwpfcgus
½Hk;cef;xJrSmxdkifNyD; eH&Hudk &D&Da0a0 ai;aewwfw,f/

'geJYrsm;awmif araru aNymao;w,f/

]om; ... ausmif;pmudk BudK;pm;oifaemf}


]bmNzpfvdkYvJ}

]tJ'grS ynmawG trsm;BuD; wwfrSmaygh}

]ynmawG trsm;BuD; wwfawmh bmvkyf&rSmvJ}

]om;wdkYausmif;rSm ausmif;tkyfq&mBuD; NyefvkyfvdkY &wmaygh}

om;u uysmu&m acgif;cg Niif;rdw,f/


][m ... rvkyfcsifygbl;}
]bmNzpfvdkYvJ om;&JU}
][m ... [ihftif; ... rvkyfcsifygbl;}
bmNzpfvdkYvnf;qdkawmh ararhudk om;raNymNybl;/ b,fawmhrS raNymNybl;/

-=-=--=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
10/ vlESifh ykp ämtawG;

(1)

olwdkY\ yef;yJzdkuav;u ratmifNrifacs/

]oH ... oHudk ... xk ... xkyguGm? tm; ... tm;av;xnfhNyD; em ... em ... emav;}

]b,f ... b,fem;u p ... p ... xk ... xk&rSmvJ q ... q&m}

]t ... t&if;u p ... pxk? tm ... Bum ... BumaeNyD? rD;uvnf; at; .... at;oGm;NyD/
tpuae Nyef ... Nyefvkyf&awmhr,f}

q&mwynfh ESpfa,mufvHk;u pum;tvGef xpfBuavonf/


olwdkYESpfa,muf\ tay;t,l aESmifhaES;rIaBumifhyif tvkyfu rNzpf/ NyD;qHk;onftxd
ra&mufyJ tprS Nyef Nyef pae&onf/ ½Gmol½Gmom;rsm;uvnf; olwdkY\ yef;yJzdkav;qD
ypönf; vmrtyfBuawmh/
olwdkY\ pm;0wfaea&;u tvGef cufcJvmavonf/ xdkYaBumifhyif olwdkYESpfa,muf
½GmNyifxGufNyD; awmpyfrSm wJxdk;aexdkifBu&\/ opfoD;opfOrsm;udk cl;,lí
aomfvnf;aumif;? awmaumifi,frsm;udk ypfcwfzrf;qD;íaomfvnf;aumif;
pm;aomufaexdkif Bu&onf/ olwdkY wJeHab;rSmawmh yef;yJzdkuav;udk 0goemt&
aqmufvkyfxm;NrJ Nzpfavonf/

]ig ... igwdkY "m; ... "m;wpfvufudkawmh Nzpf ... Nzpfatmif vkyf ... vkyfr,fuGm}

]aumif; ... aumif;wmaygh q&m}

tm;vyfcsdefrsm;rSm olwdkY q&mwynhf "m;wpfvufudk oGef;vkyfBu\/ xHk;pHtwdkif; rNyD;/


tprS Nyef Nyef pae&onfESifhyif umv tawmfBumoGm;onf/ wpfaeYrSmawmh ...

]w ... wynfha& wdkY ... wdkY&JU "m;BuD; NyD; ... NyD;awmhr,fuG}

]0rf; .... 0rf;omvdkufwm q .... q&m&,f}

odkYaomf xdk"m;udk olwdkY rNrifvdkuf&yg/ awmwGif; tzsm;a&m*gwpfckudk cHpm;&NyD;


q&mwynfhESpfa,mufvHk; a½SUqifhaemufqifh aoqHk;oGm;Buonf/ yef;yJzdkav;xJrS
tvQHnD;nD; avmifNrdKufaom rD;awmufxJwGifawmh "m;wpfvuf usef&pfcJhavonf/
(2)

xdk&ufydkif;rsm; twGif;rSmyJ xdkwJuav;odkY e0raNrmuf ol&Jaumif; a&muf½Sdvmavonf/

olwdkYwdkif;NynfrSm ol&Jaumif; udk;a,muf½Sdonfhteuf olonf e0raNrmuf


ol&Jaumif;Nzpfovdk tawmfqHk; ol&Jaumif;vnf; Nzpfonf/ odkYaom ...

xdkt&mawGu NyD;qHk;cJhygNyD/ olYa½SUrS ol&Jaumif; ½Spfa,mufvnf; usqHk;cJhNyD/

&efolYwdkif;NynfrS ol&Jaumif;ESifh pD;csif;xdk;&mwGif olYa½SUrS ½Spfa,mufu wpfa,mufNyD;


wpfa,muf? wpfyGJNyD; wpfyGJ ta&;edrfh usqHk;cJhBuNyD/ reufNzefcgqdkvQif
olESifh ,SOfNydKif&awmhrnf/ olonfvnf; usqHk;OD;rnfavm/ olusqHk;onfu
ta&;r[kwfyg/ olusqHk;vQif tm;vHk;usqHk;NyD; &efolYvufodkY wdkif;Nynfudk
xdk;tyf&awmhrnf/

&efolbufrS ol&Jaumif;onf tm;aumif; oefrmvGef;onfESifhtrQ


wdkuf&nfcdkuf&nfvnf; &ufpuf aNymifaNrmufvGef;tm;BuD;onf/ olonfvnf;
&ifqdkifEdkifrnfr[kwf/ ½HI;vdrfhrnf/ odkYaomf rnfokdYyifNzpfap? &ifqdkif&rnf .../

tcrf;tem;Nzifh oGm;&rnfhyGJ Nzpfaomfvnf; olYtpDtpOfESifh olvmcJhrnf[k


taBumif;Bum;um ,SOfNydKifyGJ usif;y&modkY awmvrf;rS olvmcJhonf/ wpfa,mufwnf;
at;at;aq;aq; pOf;pm;csifívnf; Nzpfonf/ xdkodkYNzifh awmwGif;rS
wJtdrfuav;wpfvHk; qDodkYta&muf ...

][iff ... yef;yJzdkuav;ygvm;}

yef;yJzdkuav;xJodkY 0ifBunfhawmh ...

][if ... "m;wpfvufygvm;}

"m;udk qGJ,lBunfhvdkuf\/ tvGefaumif;onhf "m;wpfvufNzpfaBumif;udk udkifBunfh½HkESifh


odomonf/ xl;Ncm;onfrSm "m;oGm;u vToGm;yrm txpf txpfawG NzpfaeNcif;yif/
wpfpHkwpf&m qGJiifrIudk BuHKBudKuf&oNzifh xdk"m;udk odkif;vG,fum a½SUc&D;okdkY
qufcJhavonf/

awmtkyfudk vGefawmh ol tawmfarmaeNyD/ ,mwJwpfwJqD avQmufoGm;NyD; ...

]a& ... a& wpfcGufavmuf wdkuf ... wdkufygAsm/ a& ... a& ... a& ... a& aomuf ...
aomufcsifvdkY}

olYudk,fol tHhtm;oifhoGm;&onf/ tb,faBumifh olu pum;xpfae&oenf;/


(&J&ifhwnfBunfaom Oy"d½kyfESifh EkysdKcHhnm;aom) olvdk vkvifwpfOD;u pum;xpfol
NzpfaeoNzifh ,mwJ½Sifu tHhBoonfESifhtrQ *½kPmoufoGm;yHkvnf; &\/
acgif;ndwfNyNyD; ..

]& ... & &ygw,f/ wdkuf ... wdkuf wdkufrSmaygh}


b0rSm wpfcgrS pum; rxpfbl;aom ,mwJ½Sifuvnf; udk,fhzmom
NyeftHhBooGm;avonf/ ea0wdrfawmifESifh ESpfa,mufom; wpfa,mufudk wpfa,muf
NyHK;NyrdBu\/ tNyHK;rsm;uyif txpf? txpf Nzpfaeovdk cHpm;Bu&avonf/ ]t[D;} [k
tNyeftvSef &,fNrJ &,fNyvdkufBuaomfvnf; &,foHu ]xpf} aeoNzifh ...

]t[d}

(3)

pD;csif;NydKifyGJu pwifayawmhrnf/ uGif;\ vuf0J vuf,mrSmvnf; olYbuf udk,fhbuf


y&dowfawG tNynfh/ uGif;vnfacgifrSmuawmh olESihf &efol ol&Jaumif;wdkY
rsufESmcsif;qdkif &yfvsuf/ pD;csif;NydKifyGJ[k qdk&aomfvnf; Nrif;ryg? vSHryg/
wpfa,mufcsif; "m;csif;,SOf&rnfom Nzpf\/

olu &efol ol&Jaumif;udk ...

]usKyf ... usKyfbufu t ... tqifoifh Nzpfae ... aeNyD}

olu xdwfvefYwkefvIyfaeaomaBumifh pum;udkyif aNzmifhatmif raNymEdkif[k &efol


ol&Jaumif;BuD;u xifrSwfoGm;yHk&onf/ atmifEdkifol wpfa,mufvdk NyHK;&if;
avBuD;rdk;BuD; pum;udk txufpD;rS qdkvmonf/

]odyf .. odyf aBumuf .. aBumuf raeygeJY ... ygeJY ... uG ... [ [ .. [ [}

&efolol&Jaumif;BuD;\ tlaBumifaBumif NzpfaeyHkudk olawGU&avonf/ crsm


pum;xpf&Smavonfudk;/ atmifNrifcHhnm;pGm &ifhusL;vdkufaom &,foH ][m; [m; [m;}
uyifvQif xpfaeoNzifh ][ [ [} NzpfoGm;onf/ bmBuD;rSef;vnf; rod/

axGaxGxl;xl; pOf;pm;csdefawmh r&vdkufyg/ ,SOfNydKifyGJ pNyDNzpfaBumif; wHydk;c&mrIwfoHudk


Bum;vdkuf&\/ e0raNrmuf ol&Jaumif;ESifh &efol ol&Jaumif;wdkY
"m;vGwfudk,fpDNzifh ,SOfNydKifBuavNyD/
e0raNrmuf ol&Jaumif;\ "m;uGufu xpft xpft xpftBuD; NzpfaeoNzifh &efol
ol&Jaumif;u rcdk;rcefYNyHK;NyD; olY"m;uGufudk xkwfvdkufonf/ odkYaomf rarQmfvifhyJ
olY"m;uGufuvnf; xpft xpftBuD; Nzpfaeonf/ xpft xpftcsif; twlwlrSm &efol
ol&Jaumif;\ "m;csufudk r,SOfEdkifyJ ...

]tm;}

]a[; ... e0raNrmuf ol&Jaumif;uG}

tEdkift½HI;u Nywfom;cJhavNyD/ odkYaomf &efol ol&Jaumif;BuD;u


aotHhrl;rl;tcsdefrSyifvQif olYudk rausreyfqdkvmonf/

]rif; ... rif; ighudk Edkif EdkifoGm;wm wpf ... wpfrsdK;BuD;yJ}

]r ... rodbl; avAsm/ cif ... Asm;uvnf; ao .. aorSm ao ... aowmr[kwfbl;}

(4)

wdkif;olNynfom;tm;vHk; aysmuf½Tifcsrf;aNrY Bu&avNyD/ oluawmh


bk&ifrif;Nrwf\ a½SUawmfarSmufodkY tcpm; a&muf&\/ bk&ifrif;Nrwfu oHvsufawmfudk
a0SY&rf;um ...

]armif ... armifrif;udk o ... orD;awmfeJY vuf ... vufqufay; .. ay;r,f}

pum;tqHk;rSm bk&ifrif;Nrwf\ rsufvHk;wdkY ayuvyf ayuvyf NzpfoGm;\/


rSL;BuD;rwf&mawGvnf; em;vnf&cufoGm;onf/ 'grsdK;udk wpfcgrS rBuHKbl;yg/
rif;BuD;\ odu©mudk q,fwifEdkif&eftwGuf tcsif;csif; wHawmifESifh wGufNyD; tvsiftNref
Nyefvnfí oHawmfOD; wifqufvdkufonf/

]oifh ... oifhNrwfawmf rl ... rlaBumif;yg t ... t½Sif ... bk ... bk&m;}

[ .../ b,fvdk Nzpf&wmvJ/ rSL;BuD;rwf&mawG wpfa,mufrsufESm wpfa,muf


BunfhrdBu\/ b,fvdk qef;ppf&rnfvnf; rod/ rnfodkYyifNzpfap/ oluawmh rif;orD;xH
a&muf&acsNyD/

]armif ... armifawmfudk cspf ... cspf NrwfEdk;awmfrl ... rl&JUvm; ES ... ESrawmf}

a½Trif;orD;u ½SufpEdk; trlt&mudk eef;rleef;&m £a`E´Nzifh odrf;tkyfum aNzonf/

]cspf ... cspfNrwfEdk; ... Edk;awmf rl ... rlygw,f armif ... armifawmf}

Za0Z0gNzifh rif;orD;\ rsufawmifwdkY ykwfcwfykwfcwf NzpfoGm;wmudk olawGU&\/ olu


rif;orD;udk awGa0csdef ray;awmhyg/

]em; ... em;aeaqmifrSm oGm; ... oGm;NyD; em; ... em;aeBu&atmif ES ... ESrawmf}

]a½SU ... a½SUu <u ... <ucsDawmfrl ... rlyg ... armif ... armifawmf ...}

(5)

bk&ifrif;NrwfESifhwuG wdkif;olNynfom;tm;vHk;u olwdkY\ r*FvmyGJudk


BunfNzLaysmf½Tif0rf;aNrmuf0rf;om ½SdBuyg\/ wcsKdUuawmh rcsKdrcsOf NyHK;Buonf/

olwdkY xdkokdY NyHK;onfu rvdkvm;í r[kwfyg/ cspfol vli,fpHkwGJ txpf txpf


NzpfaeoNzifh olwdkY\ r*FvmOD;nu ]t ... tqifaNy ... aNyrS aNy .. aNyyghrvm; ...
wpf ... wpfrsdK;BuD;yJ} [laom tawG;aBumifh NzpfaBumif; od ... od&avonf/

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
11/ wpf0ufwpfy suf twå¬K yÜwåd

NrdKUBuD;wpfNrdKUrSm tifrwefrS tEktvSBudKufwJh olaVav;wpfa,muf½dSw,f/ tpuawmh


olaV;om;ayghav .../ rdbESpfyg; qHk;oGm;awmh aqGpOfckESpfquf? rsKd;pOfckESpfquf pm;vdkY
rukefwJh tarGawGudk cHpm;&if; olu olaV;NzpfoGm;wmaygh .../

wpfaeYrSm ol[m yef;uav;wpfyGifh&JU tvSudk cHpm;aew,f/ BunfBunfEl;El;aygh/

aemufwpfaeYrSm tJ'Dyef;uav;udk olrawGUawmhbl;/ taptyg;awGudk ar;Bunfhawmh ...

]yef;uav; a<uoGm;ygNyD t½Sif ...}

ol tawmfpdwfwdkoGm;w,f/ 'gayr,fh avSmifcsKdifhxJu iSufuav;&JU aw;qdkoHudk


Bum;NyD; olpdwfaNymif;oGm;w,f/ iSufuav;&JU aw;oHudk teD;uyfoGm;em;axmifNyD;
olBunfEl;aew,f/ &ufb,favmufrS rBumvdkufygbl;/

][m ... [dkiSufuav; b,fa&mufoGm;NyDvJ r½Sdawmhbl;}

]aooGm;ygNyD t½Sif ...}

]yef;u a<uvdkuf iSufu aovdkufeJY b,fvdkNzpfaewmfvJ}

]'gobm0ygyJ t½Sif ...}

olaV;av; pdwfwdkoGm;w,f/ tvSw&m;udk b,fvdk xdef;xm;&rvJvdkY a'gyGyGeJY


olpOf;pm;cef;0ifaerdw,f/ tJ'DvdkeJY wpfaeYrSm ...

]t½Sif ... arSmfq&mBuD;wpfa,muf a&mufvmygw,f t½SifeJY awGYcsifvdkYwJh ...}

]bmudpövJ}

]olu tvSw&m;awGudk xdef;xm;ay;Edkifw,fvdkY aNymygw,f}


]'gNzifh ac:vdkuf ...}

arSmfq&mBuD; a&mufvmygw,f/ ykuGuG 0zdkifhzdkifh rsufESmrSm ausmufaygufrmawGeJY/

]olaV;rif;udk uRefawmf vufawGUNyyghr,f}

arSmfq&mBuD;u wkwfuav; a0SY&rf;NyD; zefwD;vdkufawmh a<uoGm;wJh yef;uav;ae&mrSm


aemufxyf yef;uav; yGifhvmygw,f/ aooGm;wJh iSufuav;ae&mrSm aemufxyf
iSufuav; a&mufvmygw,f/

]tJ'D yef;uav;[m b,fawmhrS ra<uygbl;? tJ'D iSufuav;[mvnf; b,fawmhrS


raoygbl; t½Sif ...}

]bmNzpfvdkYvJ ...}

]olwdkY[m tppfawGr[kwfbJ twkawG NzpfaevdkYyg ...}

arSmfq&mBuD; aNymwJhtwdkif;ygyJ/ yef;uav;uvnf; ra<uawmhygbl;/ avaoG;wdkif;


&eYHay;w,f/ iSufuav;uvnf; raoawmhygbl;/ avwdk;wdkif; aw;oHay;w,f/ &uf v
tawmfBum apmifhBunfhNyD;wJh aemufrSm olaV;av;[m b0ifusNyD; arSmfq&mBuD;udk
ac:,lvdkufw,f/

]usKyfudkvnf; tJ'Dvdk wm½SnfcHatmif twk"mwfawG oGif;ay;yg}

]aumif;ygNyD t½Sif ...}

tJ'DvdkeJY olaV;av;[mvnf; a&½SnfcH&wJh vlom;wpfa,muf NzpfoGm;w,f/


ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm BumwJhtxd raobl;ayghav/ olYta>ct&HawGom aooGm;w,f/
oluawmh vli,fav;twdkif;yJ/ 'DtNzpfudk wpfyg;olawG rodapzdkYtwGuf wpfNrdKU½Gmu
wpfNrdKU½Gmudk aNymif;a½GUaexdkifw,f/ olYtoufu ESpf (200)avmuf ½SdaewJhwdkif
oluawmh ESpfq,fausmf vli,fav;twdkif;yJ/ wNcm; ta>ct&Htopf
topfawGeJYaygh .../
taysmftyg;udkvnf; t&rf;vdkufpm;w,f/ wpfaeYawmh ol[m ola&mufaewJh NrdKUrSmyJ
aysmfyGJ½TifyGJwpfckudkvkyfw,f/ (tJ'DtcsdefrSm olaewJh tdrfa*[mBuD;[m ]twk} awGeJYcsnf;
zefwD;xm;wmaygh/ O,smOftwk wd&dpämeftwkawGeJY&,f/ aysmfyGJ½TifyGJudkvmwJh
vlawGuawmh tppfawGyg/)

olwdkYawGu uBuckefBuw,f/ aysmfBuyg;Buw,f/ uyGJudk olaV;av;u OD;aqmifw,f/


tJ'DrSm Nyóemwpfck Nzpfvmw,f/ uBuckefBu&if;rSmyJ ...

]Aspf}

olaV;av;[m rpifyHkwpfyHkudk eif;rdw,f/ teHYtoufawGu raumif;bl;/


tDtD;eif;xm;wJh aNcaxmufeJY qdkawmh u&NyK&wmvnf; raumif;bl;/
wNcm;vlawGuvnf; oleJY wGJruawmhbl;/ olYtyg;u a½SmifoGm;Buw,f/ wcsdKUqdk
ESmacgif;udk vufuav;eJY tkyfvdkY .../

olaV;av; t&rf;½SufoGm;w,f/ olrsm;awGudk tNypfwifvdkYvnf; r&bl;/


tJ'DteHYtoufudk olawmif rcHEdkifbl;av/ tJ'geJYyJ twGif;cef;xJ Nyef0ifNyD; tDtD;awGudk
aq;csw,f/ aq;csvdkY r&bl; Nzpfaew,f/ olYwdkYtac: ]tktltwD;} udk;/
a&½SnfcHwJh ]tDtD;twk} Nzpfaew,fav/ b,fvdkrS cGmcsvdkY r&bl;/

]arSmfq&mBuD; 'gawGudk b,fvdk Nyefvkyf&rvJ}

]oGm;NyD; NyefurSmom uyg ... uRefawmf pDpOfvdkufyghr,f}

olaV;av;[m uyGJcef;rxJudk NyefaNy;0ifNyD; uw,f/ b,folurS vmwGJrubJeJYvnf;


t½l;vdk wpfa,mufwnf;uw,f/ eHvnf; eHw,f/ u&if;eJYyJ oleif;xm;wJh ]tktltwD;}
awG[m ]tpftDtpD;}? (tDtD;tppf) NzpfoGm;w,f/ tJ'Dawmhvnf; eHwmygyJ/
obm0&eHYav;oif;vdkY .../

rcHEdkifawmhwJh a½TyGJvm{nfhy&dowfawG[m olYudk ta0;uyJ vufNyEIwfqufNyD;


vSnfhxGufoGm;Buygawmhw,f/ aemufqHk; olaV;av;[m u vufpwef;vef;
aNcaxmufwpfzufudk aNr§muf&if; usefcJhw,f/ a'gowBuD;eJY aNcaxmufudk aqmifhcszdkY
BudK;pm;vdkufpOfrSmyJ arSmfq&mBuD;&JU owday;oH xGufvmw,f/

]olaV;rif; tJ'DaNcaxmufudk NyefrcsvdkufygeJY/ EdkYrdkYqdk&if olaV;rif;qDu twk"mwfawG


Ny,foGm;NyD; rlv"mwfawG Nyef0ifvmygvdrfr,f/ tpftDtpD;Nzpfatmif zefwD;NyD;wJh
aemufrSm olaV;rif;qDudkvnf; ]vpfom;tpl} "mwfawG a&mufvmygvdrfhr,f/
olaV;rif;[m csufcsif;yJ tdkrif; aoqHk;oGm;ygvdrfhr,f ...}

]'g ... 'gNzifh ... usKyfu 'Dtwdkif; aNcwpfzufaxmufNyD; wef; ... wef;vef;BuD; ae ....
ae&rSmvm; ...}

]'guawmh olaV;rif; oabmtwdkif;ygyJ? twktNzpfudk udk;½dkYum;,m;


touf½SifaeoGm;rvm;? tppftNzpfeJYyJ ½dk;½dk;at;at; aoqHk;vdkufrvm; olaV;rif;
pOf;pm;aygh ...}

]wdkYvdkYwef;vef; yHkpHBuD;eJY pOf;pm;&if wdkYvdkYwef;vef; pdwful;awGyJ xGufvmrSmayghAsm ...}

]tJ'gudkawmh uRefawmfvnf; rwwfEdkifbl;/ trSefawmh uRefawmfuvnf; wdkYvdkYwef;vef;


arSmufq&mygyJ ...}

pum;tqHk;rSm arSmfq&mBuD; aysmufoGm;ygw,f/ b,fqDxGufoGm;rSef; rodayr,fh


vrf;wpf0ufrSmawmh wpfae&m&m 0ifem;&OD;rSmyJ/ oluvnf; wdkYvdkYwef;vef;
arSmfq&mrdkYvm;/ tDtD;eif;xm;wJh aNcaxmufwpfzufudk aNr§muf&if; usef&pfcJhwJh
olaV;rif;cAsmrSmvnf; rsufvHk;NyL;BuD;eJY BuH&cufaeqJ ... /

rdwfaqG ...

udk,hfywf0ef;usifu rdwfaqGtaygif;toif;awGxJrSm tvkyfwpfckudk


qHk;cef;wdkifatmifrvkyfyJ wdkYvdkYwef;vef; Nzpfaeoludk awGU&if tNypfr,lygeJY/ olYrrsm
taygif;toif;rSm;vdkY tktltwD;awG eif;xm;rdvdkY ... vdkY oabmxm;ay;vdkufyg/

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
12/ vlESifh tqdy fcd k; rQif

(1)

]wuf½dk'eftrfbl qdkwJh ig;wpfrsdK; ½Sdw,fAs ...}

]tif; ... qdkprf;ygOD; ...}

]olwpfyg;udk wdkufcdkufEdkifpGrf; r½Sdbl;? olwpfyg;u olYudk tvG,fwul rsKdEdkifw,f ...}

][ ... b,foufomrvJAs ...}

]r[kwfao;bl;As wpfckawmh½Sdw,f/ olu trsdKcHNyD;&if olYudk,fcE¨mudk BuD;xGm;atmif


vkyfypfEdkifw,f/ azmif;um;ypfvdkufwmaygh ... olYudk rsKdwJh owå0gudk
vnfacsmif;eifaeapw,f/ aemufqHk; olYudk NyefaxG;ypfvdkuf&a&m ...}

]aBomf ... aBomf ... olYenf;pepfuvnf; wpfrsKd;yJudk; ...}

]'gayghAsm ... b0½Sifoefa&;twGuf olYenf; olY[efeJYawmh ½kef;uef&yfwnfBu&wmyJaygh?


wd&dpämefavmuxuf ydkNyD; ½IyfaxG;wJh vlYavmurSmvnf; enf;pepfawG trsKd;rsKd;
oHk;&wmyJaygh? vlrSef&if tqdyftawmuf eJeJawmh ½Sd&rSmaygh ...}

]at;ayghAsm ... 'grSvnf; b0udk atmifNrifatmif vkyfEdkifrSmaygh ...}

oyf&yfawmufaNymifaom tat;cef; pm;aomufqdkifBuD; wpfcktwGif;rSmNzpf\/


vlBuD;vlaumif;ESpfa,muf pum;xdkifaNymaeBuonf/ 0wfaumif;pm;vSrsm; qif,ifNyD;
pum;aumif; pum;vSrsm; aNymaeBuNcif;vnf; NzpfEdkifonf/ þpum;rsm;udk olwdkYcrsm
aNzmifhaNzmifhwef;wef; aNym&Ncif; r[kwfyg/ olY[ef;zkef;u toHNrnfvmvdkuf?
udk,fh[ef;zkef;u toHNrnfvmvdkufESifh pum;u rBumcP t½dSefysuf ysufoGm;onf/

eHab;pm;yGJrS vli,fwpfOD;uawmh olwdkY\ pum;rsm;udk rodrom em;pGifhaeygonf/


xdkvlrsm;udkvnf; txifBuD;yHk &ygonf/ xdkvlrsm;\ pum;wpfcGef;u olY&ifxJodkY
Nid0ifa&muf½SdoGm;\/
]vlrSef&if tqdyftawmuf eJeJawmh ½Sd&rSmaygh}

(2)

][kwfw,f? igvnf; tqdyftawmuf ½Sdatmif BudK;pm;r,f}

oEéd|mefcsum xdkqdkifxJrS xGufvmcJh\/ odkYaomf tqdyftawmuf½Sdatmif rnfokdY


vkyf&rnfrSef; rodacs/ eydkvD,Hvm;? bmvm; xdkyk*¾KdvfBuD;vdk tqdyfudk eJeJcsif;
pm;Bunfh&rnfvm;/ tJ'guvnf; r[kwfacs/ tqdyf ]NyD;} oGm;vdrfhrnf/ tqdyftawmf
½Sdrnfr[kwf/ tqdyftawmuf½Sdaom rIdwdkY? wGJzufrpm;aumif;aom tpm;tpmwdkYudk
pm;NyD; tqdyf ]pk} &vQif aumif;rnfavm/ odyfrvkyf&JNyef/

aemufqHk;rSm pdwfudk 'kef;'kef;cs qHk;Nzwf\/ c&D;aqmiftdwfwpfvHk;ESifh


&du©mtoifhtwifh,lum awmeuftwGif;odkY olc&D;ESif vmcJhawmhonf/
awmeufwpfae&mrSm -

]½SL;}

olYudk yg;ysOf;axmifxm;aom a>rqdk;BuD; wpfaumifESifh ol&ifqdkif&ygawmhonf/


NyLwpfNyLwpf Nrifae&aom a>rqdk;BuD;\ vQmrSm tonf;,m;zG,f&m/ ol uysmu,m
awmif;yefpum; qdkvkdufonf/

]uRefawmhfudk &efrNyKygeJY/ uRefawmfu cifAsm;qDrSm wynfhcHrvkdYyg}

]bmuG? rif;bmaNymw,f}

]wu,fyg? uRefawmf tqdyftawmuf ½SdcsifvdkYyg}

]rif;aNymwmudk igem;rvnfbl;}

]'Dvdkyg? vlrSef&if tqdyftawmuf eJeJawmh ½Sdoifhw,f r[kwfvm;? tJ'gaBumifh


[kdav ...}
vdyfywfvnfatmif ol½Sif;Ny&\/ olYpum; toGm;tvmudk acwfrDaom armf'efa>rBuD;u
em;vnfygonf/

]aumif;NyDav? rif;udk ighwynfhtNzpf vufcHyghr,f}

xdkodkYNzifh xdka>rBuD;xHrSm ol oHk;ESpfoHk;rdk; wynfhcHcJh&ygonf/ t"duu armf'efa>rBuD;vdkyJ


olYrSm tqdyftawmuf½Sda&;/ Nzpfcsifawmh ol q&mwifonfh a>rBuD;uvnf; tifrwef
tpGrf;xufonfh a>rBuD; Nzpfaeonf/ om;aumifudk zrf;qD; 0g;rsKdonfh ae&mwGif
pHxm;tyfol Nzpfavonf/ ol tvGef tifrwef txifBuD;rd\/

xdka>rBuD;udk aNcqkyfvufe,f NyKpkum oHk;ESpfoHk;rdk; wynfhcHcJhyg\/ a>rawG b,fvdk


½I;½I;aygufrSef; rodaomfvnf; xdka>rBuD;udk ol ½I;½I;yg wnfay;&\/ tawmfawmh
'ku©a&muf&avonf/ rnfodkYyifNzpfap q&mxHrS xGufcGm&rnfhtcsdefodkY a&mufvmcJh\/
q&mNzpfol a>rBuD;u oHa0*&oHESifh aNymvmonf/

]uJ ... ighwynfh rif;vnf; ynmpHkNyD}

][kwfuJh? awmaumifi,fawGudk uRefawmf vQmNyLwpfNyLwpfvkyfNyD; zrf;wwfygNyD}

]vlYavmuxJudk Nyef0ifygawmh q&mcGifhNyKygw,f}

][kwfuJh q&m}

vlYavmuxJodkY? vlYtodkif;t0dkif;xJodkY olNyefa&mufvmygawmhonf/

(3)

NrdKUNy\ nOfhtvif;a&mifuyifvQif qnf;qm qefaeonf/ rSdefysys/ tpDtpOf aBunmol


rdef;uav;\ t*Fvdyfpum; tqHk;rSm y&dowftaygif;u cef;rtv,frSm pk½Hk;NyD;
w0kef;0kef; uckefBuawmhonf/ EkdufuvyfwpfckodkY ola&mufaeNcif;Nzpfonf/ odkYaomf
oluckefonfu a>rvdrfa>raumufBuD; Nzpfaeonf/
olYtvGefyJ Nzpfonf/ vli,fwpfa,mufESifh qdk;qdk;½Gm;½Gm; 0ifwdkufrd\/

][m ... cifAsm; b,fvdkvlvJAs/ ruwwfbl;vm;}

]at; ... ruwwfawmh rif;bmvkyfcsifvdkYvJ/ rif;a&m uwwfvdkYvm;?


&rf;orf;ckefaeNyD;awmh}

xdkaumifav;\ taygif;toif;rsm; 0dkif;tHkvm\/ ol raBumuf½GHUrdyg/ vQmudk


NyLwpfNyLwpfvkyfNyD; wdkufcdkuf&ef apmifhaevdkufonf/ tukefvHk; aBumiftrf;trf;
NzpfukefBu\/ ol vQmNyLwpfNyLwpf vkyfonfudkyif tqef;wBu,fvkyfNyD;
0dkif;BunfhaeBu\/ olu tcGifhta&;udk vufvGwfrcHyg/ xdkvli,fudk
aNy;udkufvdkufonf/

]a[hvl a[hvl tm; ... vkyf ... vkyfBuygOD;}

uyGJu 0½kef;okef;um; NzpfoGm;aomfvnf; &efyGJrSm olEdkifvdkufygonf/


olauseyfavonf/ olYrSm tqdyftawmuf½SdNyD[k olYzmom xifrdavonf/

aemufydkif;rSmvnf; &efyGJrsm;pGm olNzpfyGm;avonf/ vrf;ray:rSm? pm;aomufqdkifrSm?


rDeDrwfxJrSm ponfNzifh ol\ vQmNyLwpfNyLwpf wdkufuGufudk rnfolrQ tcHEdkifacs/
tm;vHk;u rsufvHk;NyL;BuD;ESifh 0dkif;Bunfh&if; tidkufrdum ta&;edrfhoGm;Bu\/ olYb0u
atmifNrifygonf/ odkYaomf .... olrEdkifonu acG;udk Nzpf\/

b,fol arG;pm;aom acG;vnf;rod/ yvufazmif;ay:rSm olYudk vdkufudkufavonf/

][JhacG; ... [JhacG;}

xdkacG;\ tEÅ&m,fudk umuG,fEdkif&ef vQmudk NyLwpfNyLwpfvkyf&if; wdkufuGufudk ol


Nyifygonf/ xdkYaemufrSmrS owd&\/ acG;udk olu aNy;udkufí raumif;acs/ xdktcsdefrSmyJ
acG;u olYudk vdkufudkufawmh\/ obm0 ckcHrIoDtdk&Dt& olaNy;&ygawmhonf/ ab;rS
0dkif;Bunfhaeol tm;vHk;u 0rf;aNrmuf0rf;om NzpfBuavonf/

]a[; ...}
acG;udkyif vufckyfvuf0g;wD;NyD; tm;ay;vdkufBuao;onf/ olYtwGuf
t½Sufonf;&aom udpöNzpfavonf/

(4)

uRefawmf arwåm&yfcHcsifygonf/

tu,fíom ...

bmtqdyftawmufrS r½SdbJ vlawGudk vQmxkwfNyaeolESifh wdk;vQif olYudk


cGifhvTwfay;Buyg/ olonf 0dnmOftiftm; avQmhenf;aeol Nzpfygonf/ b0rSm bmrS
tqifraNybJ vkyfrdvkyf&m avQmufvkyfaeol Nzpfygonf/ aumif;Edk;&m&mav;awGudk
a½G;cs,fvkyfudkif&if;uyJ tBudrfBudrf rSm;,Gif;aeol Nzpfygonf/ olYudk cGifhvTwfay;Buyg/

NynfhpHkatmif NznfhaNym&vQif xdkvlYtrnfrSm ]wm&mrif


wm&mrif;a0}
a0 Nzpfygonf/
wm&mrif;a0
a½TtawmifyHrSm 'Pf&mawG Nyefaumif;vmwJh wpfaeY

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