ECH 3266 Fall 2014

INTRODUCTORY TRANSPORT PHENOMENA

Department of Chemical Engineering
FAMU-FSU College of Engineering


Derivation: Steady state open system energy balance from MEB II (section 7.4 c) you
need to understand and know this derivation you should be able to derive this CLOSED
BOOK. Some of the problems you worked on in MEB II involved unsteady state energy
balances as well (and problem 3 below). We will deal with this equation quite a bit this
semester and next semester as well. I would strongly suggest that you spend a lot of time
carefully studying this derivation and understanding each and every step. We will also work
on it quite a bit this semester as well.


1) Two tanks are connected in series as shown in the figure. Initially, each tank is filled with V
liters and contains a species A at a concentration of C
A
o (g/L). A flow of fresh water is
introduced into the first tank at a rate of q
o
(L/s) and streams are withdrawn from each tank at
the same rate of q
o
(L/s) as shown in the figure. Assume both tanks to be well mixed. Also
assume that the density of all solutions is a constant and nearly same as that of fresh water.
a) Perform an overall mass balance around each tank. What do you learn? (5 points)
b) Perform a mass balance for A around the first tank and derive an expression for the
concentration of A (C
A1
) in tank 1 as a function of time (t) in terms of the given variables
(q
o
, C
Ao
and V) . (you have to solve a differential equation). (10 points)
c) Perform a mass balance for A around the second tank and derive an expression for the
concentration of A (C
A2
) in tank 2 as a function of time (t) in terms of the given variables
(q
o
, C
Ao
and V).(you have to solve a differential equation a first order ODE and use the
solution you found in part b). (20 points)
d) The term V/q
o
has units of time is usually given the symbol : the residence time. is a
measure of an average time a species spends in the reactor. For experimental times t <<
show that the solution derived in (c) simplifies to
C
A2
/C
Ao
= 1 (t/)
2
(BONUS 10 points)
This part involves some math knowledge (Taylor series) that you have learnt in previous
classes. Either you get zero or 10. This is a very straightforward problem if you have (c)
right and should take less than 10 minutes.

2) (25 points) A well-mixed tank has a maximum capacity of 378 liters and it is initially half
full. The discharge pipe at the bottom is very long and thus it offers resistance to the flow of
water through it. The force that causes the water to flow is the height of water in the tank
and in fact that flow is just proportional to the height. Since the height is proportional to the
total volume of water in the tank, the volumetric flow rate of water out q
o
(which changes
with time) is
q
o
= k V

V is the volume of water in the tank at a time t. The flow of water into the tank, q
i
is constant.
Use the information given below to decide whether the amount of water in the tank increases,
decreases or remains the same. If it changes, how much time is required to completely empty or
fill the tank, as the case may be?

Volume of tank: 378 L
Initial amount of H
2
O = 189 L
q
i
= 7.56 L/min
k = 0.01 min
-1


3) (35 points) Oil initially at 15.5
o
C is being heated in a stirred (perfectly mixed) tank by
saturated steam which is condensing in the steam coils at 40 psia. If the rate of heat transfer
is given by Newtons heating law
2265 kg
15.5
o
C
461 kg/hr
T
in
= 15.5
o
C
461 kg/hr
T
out
= T
Temperature of
saturated steam
T
S
= 130.5
o
C

where Q is the heat transferred in Joules and h is the heat transfer coefficient in the proper units,
how long does it take for the discharge from the tank to rise from 15.5
o
C to 32.2
o
C? What is the
maximum temperature that can be achieved in the tank?


Additional Data:

A motor is used to stir the system contents and it inputs a work of 2.01310
6
J/hr into the
system
Initial amount of oil in tank = 2265 kg
Entering oil flow rate = 461 kg/hr at a temperature of 15.5
o
C
Discharge oil flow rate = 461 kg/hr at a temperature of T
h = 552609 J/(hr
o
C)
C
poil
= 2096 J/kg
o
C





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