PRIST UNIVERSITY

(Estd. u/s 3 of UGC Act, 1956)

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U$.t - I I$t'oduct.o$ 9
Radio Spectrum Microwave Frequency and its characteristics Transmission media for
microwave signals Waveguides Scattering Parameters for microwave networ !two ports"
U$.t - II Pss.&, 9.c'o;&, 3,&.c,s 9
#solators$ %ttenuators$ &irectional 'ouplers Waveguide Tees () plane$ *)Plane and Magic
Tee ) Matched Terminators S parameters for all the components
U$.t - III 9.c'o;&, Sou'c,s 9
+lystron ,scillator Magnetron ,scillator TWT% %mplifier Power output and efficiency
equations for all the devices
U$.t - IV S,".co$ducto' 9.c'o;&, 3,&.c,s 9
P#- &iode .aractor &iode !Manley Rowe Power Relation" Tunnel &iode /unn &iode
%pplications of all the diodes
U$.t - V 9.c'o;&, 9,su',",$ts 9
Power Measurements Frequency Measurements .SWR Measurements !*igh and 0ow
.SWR" %ttenuation Measurements #nsertion 0oss Measurements
T1TA< 5 )5
TE=T +112S5
12 Samuel 320#%, 4 Microwave &evices and 'ircuits Prentice *all of #ndia 5
rd
(dition
!6775"
62 %nnapurna &as and Sisir +2&as4 Microwave (ngineering Tata Mc/raw)*ill !6777"
!8-#T ."
RE>ERENCES5
12R2(2 'ollin 4 Foundations for Microwave (ngg2 #((( Press Second (dition !6776"
62 &avid M2P,9%R 4 Microwave (ngg2 :ohn Wiley ; Sons 6
nd
(dition !6775"
52 P2%2R#99# Microwave (ngg2 !Passive "

UNIT I
PART A
12 &efine microwave2
62 What are the ma<or =ands availa=le in microwave frequencies>
52 0ist #((( microwave frequency =ands2
?2 /ive any four the =asic advantages of microwaves2
@2 Write any four applications of microwaves2
A2 What are the various reasons pertaining to the wide use of microwaves>
B2 What is waveguide>
C2 &efine scattering matriD2
E2 Why microwave is also named as millimeter wave>
172 Write the properties of FSG matriD2
PART +
12 (Dplain the =asic concept of microwave and also give the characteristics and applications
of microwave2 !1A"
62 i" (Dplain the typical microwave system with neat setch2 !C"
ii" /ive the advantages and disadvantages of microwave2 !C"
52 (Dplain the =asic concepts of following waveguides
i" Rectangular waveguide !C"
ii" 'ircular waveguide !C"
?2 (numerate in detail the transmission media used for microwave signals2 !1A"
@2 &erive the eDpression for S matriD representation of two)port networ !1A"
A2 &erive the relationship =etween 9$ 3 parameters with S parameters2 !1A"
B2 Two transmission lines of characteristic impedance 91 and 96 are <oined at plane ppH2
(Dpress S parameters in terms of impedance when each line is matched terminated2 !1A"
C2 &erive the relationship =etween S and %I'& parameters2 !1A"
E2 &erive the relationship =etween 9 $ 3 parameters with %I'& !1A"
172 The S parameters of a two port networ are given =y
S
11
J726 7K S
66
J721 7K S
16
J72A E7K S
61
J72A E7K Prove that the
networ is reciprocal =ut not lossless and also find return loss at port1 when port 6 is short
circuited2 !1A"

UNIT II
PART A
12 What are the difference =etween #solator and 'irculator>
62 -ame some uses of isolators2
52 Why isolators are called uniline>
?2 &efine attenuator2
@2 /ive the applications of directional coupler2
A2 /ive some coupling parameters of directional coupler>
B2 What are the types of waveguide tees>
C2 Why$ the S) parameters are used in microwaves>
E2 What are the different types of &irectional coupler>
172 What are nonreciprocal devices> /ive two eDamples2
PART +
12 (Dplain the Faraday rotation isolator operation with neat setch and derive the S matriD
for ideal lossless matched isolator2 !1A"
62 What is attenuator> State and eDplain the different types of attenuators2 !1A"
52 What is directional coupler> &iscuss a=out the waveguide directional coupler2 !1A"
?2 (Dplain the operation of *)plane tee and derive the scattering matriD for it2 !1A"
@2 (Dplain the operation of ()plane tee and derive the scattering matriD for it2 !1A"
A2 (Dplain the operation of magic tee and derive the scattering matriD for it2 !1A"
B2 &erive the S matriD for schematic directional coupler2 !1A"
C2 What is attenuator> (Dplain a=out fiDed and varia=le type attenuator2 !1A"
E2 % magic T is terminated at collinear ports 1 and 6 and difference port ? =y impedances of
reflection coefficients L
1
J72@$ L
6
J72A and L
?
J72C respectively2 #f 1W power is fed at sum
port 5$ calculate the power reflected at port 5 and power transmitted to other three ports2
!1A"
172 (Dplain a=out following devices
i" Matched terminator2 !C"
ii" Four port circulator2 !C"

UNIT III
PART A
12 &efine =unching2
62 &efine refleD lystron2
52 What is the condition for oscillation in RefleD lystron>
?2 State the applications of refleD lystrons2
@2 What is TWT%>
A2 What is the purpose of slow wave structures used in TWT amplifiers>
B2 What are the advantages of TWT>
C2 State the applications of TWT2
E2 *ow are spurious oscillations generated in TWT amplifier> State the method to suppress
it2
172 What is meant =y strapping>
PART +
12 &raw and eDplain the operation of RefleD lystron oscillator2 !1A"
62 &erive the eDpression for velocity modulation$ output power and efficiency in refleD
lystron oscillator2 !1A"
52 &iscuss a=out the operation of two cavity lystron amplifier with neat setch2 !1A"
?2 (Dplain the woring of a TWT amplifier with neat setch2 !1A"
@2 &erive the output power gain for TWT2 !1A"
A2 &iscuss in detail a=out construction and operation of =asic magnetron and also eDplain
mechanism of oscillations2 !1A"
B2 &erive *ull cutoff condition with respect to magnetron2 !1A"
C2 (Dplain the principle of travelling wave magnetron and common magnetrons and mention
its application !1A"
E2 What are the limitations of conventional tu=es which are presence in it and derive with
clear definition !1A"

UNIT IV
PART A

12 &raw the schematic diagram and equivalent circuit of P#- diode2
62 0ist the applications of P#- diode2
52 &efine varactor diode2
?2 What are the applications of varactor diode>
@2 What are the applications of tunnel diode>
A2 &raw the sym=ol and .)# characteristics of tunnel diode2
B2 What are the advantages and disadvantages of tunnel diode>
C2 What is negative resistance in /unn diode>
E2 &efine /8-- (FF('T2
172 Mention the applications of /unn diode2
PART +

12 (Dplain a=out P#- diode and its applications2 !1A"
62 *ow the P#- diode is used as a switch> (Dplain in detail a=out it2 !1A"
52 Short notes on following devices
i" P#- phase shifter !C"
ii" P#- attenuator !C"
?2 (Dplain the construction and woring of varactor diode with neat diagram2 !1A"
@2 &erive the Manley Rowe power relations2 What are the conditions for parametric up
converter and down converter> !1A"
A2 (Dplain the construction and woring of tunnel diode with energy =and diagrams2!1A"
B2 &iscuss a=out advantages and applications of tunnel diode2 !1A"
C2 (Dplain in detail a=out /unn diode with neat diagram2 !1A"
E2 &iscuss a=out the modes of operation for /unn diode2 !1A"
172 (Dplain in detail a=out the /unn oscillation modes2 !1A"

UNIT V
PART A

12 What are the classifications of power measurements>
62 Mention the sensors used for microwave power measurements2
52 -ame the method used for high power microwave measurements2
?2 What is calorimeter>
@2 What is =olometer>
A2 Mention the draw=acs in calorimeter measurements2
B2 *ow do you measure microwave frequency>
C2 What is a .SWR meter>
E2 What is the main purpose of slotted section with line carriage>
172 What is a wavemeter>
PART +
12 Write short notes on
i" Schotty Iarrier &iode sensor !@"
ii" Iolometer sensor !A"
iii"Thermocouple sensor !@"
62 (Dplain a=out power meter using dou=le =ridge with neat diagram2 !1A"
52 (Dplain high power measurements =y calorimetric method2 !1A"
?2 (Dplain the frequency measurements methods with neat diagrams2 !1A"
@2 (Dplain the insertion loss and attenuation measurement with neat diagram2 !1A"
A2 &iscuss a=out how low values of .SWR measured directly from .SWR meter and what
are the possi=le sources of error in this measurement2 !1A"
B2 (Dplain a=out the high .SWR measurement2 !1A"
C2 &iscuss why you will go for dou=le =ridge for measuring average power2 !1A"
E2 &efine insertion loss and attenuation loss2 (numerate the steps followed to measure the
insertion loss and attenuation and list the errors in this measurement2 !1A"
172 Write short notes on
i" Wave meter method !A"
ii" &own conversion method !17"