1

P. G. Di pl oma - Pharmaceuti cal Chemi stry

Paper 1 Organic Chemistry
UNIT 1: Reacti on Mechani sm
React i ve i nt er medi at es - Car bocat i ons, Car bani ons, Free radi cal s, Car benes
and ni t r enes Gui del i nes f or pr oposi ng r easonabl e mechani sm - I nt er medi at es
- Ki net i c and Ther modynami c cont r ol met hods of det er mi ni ng react i on
mechani sm.
UNIT 2 : St ereochemi stry
El ement s of symmet r y, Chi r al i t y, Mol ecul es wi t h more t han one chi r al cent r e -
Resol ut i on - Met hods of resol ut i on St er ospeci f i c and St ereosel ect i ve
synt hesi s -Racemi sat i on.
UNIT 3 : Reagent s i n organi c synt hesi s
Oxi dat i on: Oxi dat i ons usi ng MnO
2
, SeO
2
, Pb( OAC)
4,
OsO
4 ,
Peraci ds, PCC and
PDC
Reducti on: Reduct i on usi ng Li AIH
4 ,
NaBH
4
, Wi l ki nson' s cat al yst ,
Li ndl ar cat al yst , BH
s
/ THF and 9-BBN.
UNIT 4: Ret ro synt hesi s
Synt hones - Synt het i c Equi val ent - Tar get Mol ecul e - Funct i onal Gr oup Int er
conversi on. Gui del i nes t o a Good Di sconnect i on 1, 2 - 1, 3 - 1, 4 -1, 5 and 1, 6
Di f unct i onal Di sconnect i ons.
UNIT 5: Nat ural product s chemi stry
Carbohydrates : Cl assi fi cat i on St ruct ural el uci dat i on of gl ucose and
f ruct ose Di sacchari des. St ruct ural el uci dat i on of sucrose, mal t ose and
l act ose Chemi st r y of st ar ch and cel l ul ose.
Steroi ds : Cl assi f i cat i on St udy of Vi t ami n D, Est r one, Pr ogest rone,
Test ost erone and Androst er one.
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Al kal oi ds : Cl assi f i cat i on General St udy of Papaveri ne, Morphi ne, and
Qui ni ne.
Ref erences :
1. Advanced Or gani c Chemi st r y, React i on Mechani sm and St r uct ur e, Jerr y
March, John Wi l ey & sons 4
t h
Edn. 1992.
2. A Gui de book t o Mechani sm i n Or gani c Chemi st r y, Pet er Skyes ,
Longman.
3. St ereo Chemi st r y of Or gani c Compounds, Ernest L El i el , Samuel
H. wi l en, John Wi l ey & Sons, Inc. 2003.
4. St ereo Chemi st r y of Or gani c Compounds, D. Nasi puri , Wi l ey East ern
Lt d. , 1991.
5. Pri nci pl es of Or gani c Synt hesi s, Nor man and J. M. Coxan, ELBS 3
r d
Edn.
1993.
6. Gui de book t o Or gani c Synt hesi s, R. M. Macki e and D. M. Smi t h, ELBS,
1982.
7. Or gani c Synt hesi s, Mi chael B. Smi t h, M. C. Gr aw Hi l l , l nt ernat i onal Edn.
1994.
8. Modem Synt het i c React i ons, H. O. House, Cambri dge Uni versi t y Press,
3
r d
Edn. 1972
9. Some Modern Met hod of Or gani c Synt hesi s, W. Carut hers, Cambri dge
Uni versi t y 1972.
10. Or gani c Synt hesi s Concept s, Met hods and St art i ng Mat eri al s, Fur t hr hop
Penzl i n Verl ag Chemi e, 1983.
11. Or gani c Synt hesi s, t he di sconnect i on appr oach, St uart War ren, John
Wi l ey & Sons. 1992.
12. Or gani c Chemi st r y, I. L. Fi nar, Vol . l l , ELBS, 5
t h
Edn. 1975.

Paper 2 Analytical Techniques
Unit 1: Chromatographic Techniques
Principle - Classification of Chromatography - Paper Chromatography TLC-Column
chromatography - Ion Exchange Chromatography - Gas Chromatography and HPLC.
Unit 2: Spectrophotometric methods of analysis
Laws of absorption - Lambert's and Beer's law - Principle and applications of Photometry,
Fluorimetry and Flame spectrophotometry.
Unit 3: Volumetric methods of analysis
Acid - Base titrations - Complexometric titrations - EDTA titrations and metal ion indicator.
Unit 4: UV, IR,and NMR Techniques
UV-Visible Spectroscopy : Principle - Instrumentation - Electronic Excitation -Applications.
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IR Spectroscopy : Principle -Mode of vibrations of a molecule - Instrumentation - Identification
of the sample - Characteristic group frequencies.
NMR Spectroscopy : Principle - Chemical shift - Peak area - Instrumentation -Spin-spin splitting
- Spin relaxation - Shift reagents - Deutrium Substitution-Applications.
Unit 5: Industrial effluent treatment
Classification of effluents - Treatment of mineral effluents by Ion-exchange, Reverse osmosis and
Reagents methods - Treatment of organic effluents by biological oxidation, chlorination and
adsorption.
References :
1. Instrumental Methods of Analysis H.H. Willard, L.L.Merritt,J.A.Dean,F.A.Settle, CBS
Publishers & Distributors, 1986.
2. Instrumental methods of chemical analysis, Gurdeep R.Chatwal,Sham K.Anand,5
th
Edn.,
2003.
3. Principles and practice of analytical chemistry, F. W. Fifield and D.kealey,5
th
Edn., 2000.
4. Fundamental of analytical chemistry, D.A.Skoog and D.M.,West,Saunders college
publishing Cp., Philadelphia, 1982.
5. William Kemp,Organic Spectrocopy, ELBS, 3
rd
Edn.,1991.
6. R.M.Silverstine, G.C.Bassler, J.C.morril, Spectroscoipc identification of organic
compounds,john wiley & sons INC 5
th
Edn.,1991
7. Industrial Chemistry, B.K.Sharma, Goel publishing House, Edn.XIV,2004

Paper 3 Fundamentals of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Uni t 1: Basi c concepts
Defi ni t i on of drug Cl assi fi cat i on of dr ug based upon mode of act i on and
chemi cal nat ur e - Def i ni t i on of Phar macoki net i cs and Phar macodynami cs
Rout e of admi ni st rat i on Absorpt i on Met abol i sm El i mi nat i on Non l i near
and t i me dependent phar macoki net i cs.
Uni t 2: Pri nci pl es of Therapeut i cs
Defi ni t i on and expl anat i on of MEC, MSC, MPC, AVC ( graph), LD50, ED50
and Ther apeut i c Index.
Uni t 3: Pri nci pl es of drug di scovery
Dr ug di scover y wi t hout Lead Lead di scover y Random screeni ng Non
r andom screeni ng Cl i ni cal obser vat i on- Phase I, Phase II, Phase III and
Phase IV t rai l s.
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Pri nci pl es of dr ug desi gn : Defi ni t i on Agoni st Ant agoni st drugs
devel opment of ci met i di ne fr om Lead mol ecul es.
Mol ecul ar model i ng Ener gy mi ni mi zat i on ener gy cal cul at i on.
Uni t 4: SAR and QSAR Rel ati onshi p
SAR : Defi ni t i on Bi ndi ng of hydr oxyl gr oup, ami no gr oup, aromat i c ri ng of
ket ones.
Vari at i on subst i t uent s : Al kyl subst i t uent s, Ar omat i c subst i t uent s, Isost er es.
QSAR: Defi ni t i on Paramet ers el ect r oni c paramet ers St eri c paramet ers.
Uni t 5: Pharmacol ogi cal screeni ng met hodol ogy of drug
Anal gesi c act i vi t y CNS st i mul ant CNS depr essant Ant i i nf l ammat or y
Ant i convul sant Muscl e rel axant proper t i es.
Ref erences :
1. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of
Therapeutics, Gilman, Joel G. Hardman, Lee. E. Limbird, 5
t h
Edn. , 2001.
2. Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, D.M. Brahmanikar and Sunil B.
Jaiswal, Edn. XIX 2004.
3. Pharmacology, Mary J.Mycek and Richard A. Harvey 2
nd
Edn. 2000.
4. Foye's principles of medicinal chemistry, chemistry, David
A. Williams and Thomas L. Lemke, Edn. V, 2002.
5. Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, R. S. Staskar, S. D. Bhandakar and
S. Ainapure, Edn. XVIII, 2003.
6. Hand book of Experimental Pharmacology, S. K. Kulkarni, 3
r d
Edn. , 1999.

Paper 4 Synthesis and Therapeutic action of drugs
Uni t 1 : Anti i nf l ammat ory, Anal gesi c and Ant i pyreti c drugs
Synt hesi s and t herapeut i c act i on of Aspi r i n, Par acet amol , Anal gi n, Ibuprofen,
Indomet haci n, and Di cl of enac sodi um.
Uni t 2 : Chemot herapeuti c agent s
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Cl assi fi cat i on Synt hesi s and t herapeut i c act i on of chl onambuci l , Busul fan, 6
mercapt opuri ne, 5 f l uor our aci l and ci spl at i n.
Ant i mal ar i al , Ant i t ubercul ar dr ugs : Synt hesi s and t her apeut i c act i on of
Et hamabut ol , Et hi onami de, chl oroqui ne, and pri maqui ne.
Uni t 3: Ant i hypertensi ve and Di ureti cs drugs
Ant i hyper t ensi ve dr ugs : Synt hesi s and t herapeut i c act i on of capt opri l ,
met hyl dopa, and ni fedi pi ne.
Di uret i cs; Synt hesi s and t her apeut i c act i on of Furesemi de, Chl orot hi azi de and
bul met ani de.
Uni t 4 : Anti hi st ami nes, CNS sti mul ant and CNS depressant drugs
Ant i hi st ami nes: Synt hesi s and t herapeut i c act i on of chl orpheni rami ne,
promet hazi ne, ci met i di ne and r ani t i di ne.
CNS st i mul ant : Synt hesi s and t herapeut i c act i on of caf fei ne, t heobr omi ne and
pi r acet am.
CNS depressant : Synt hesi s and t her apeut i c act i on of Isocar boxazi d,
Desi prami ne and t r azodone.
Uni t 5: Chemi cal assay
Chemi cal assay of Aspi r i n, 6-mer capt opuri ne, chl or oqui ne, met hyl dopa,
r ani di t i ne, f ur esi mi de and t heobr omi ne.
Ref erences:
1. Bent l y' s t ext of Phar maceut i cs, E. A. Rawl i ns, 8
t h
Edn. 2002.
2. Pri nci pl es of medi ci nal chemi st r y, S. S. Kadam, K. R. Mahadi k,
K. G. Bot har a, Vol . I 10
t h
Edn. , 2002.
3. Pri nci pl es of medi ci nal chemi st r y, S. S. Kadam, K. R. Mahadi k,
K. G. Bot har a, Vol . II, 10
t h
Edn. , 2002.
4. Sci ence and pr act i se of phar macy, Remi ngt on, Vol . I and Vol . II, 20
t h

Edn. , 2000
5. Medi ci nal Chemi st r y, G. R. Chat wal , Hi mal aya Publ i shi ng House, 2
nd

Edn. 2002.
6. Phar macol ogy and phar macot her apeut i cs, R. S. Sat askar, S. D. Bhandankar
and S. S. Ai napure , 2003
7. Int r oduct i on t o medi ci nal chemi st r y, Graham L. Pat ri ck 2
nd
Edn. , 2003.
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Paper 5 Industrial Processes in Drug Manufacture
Unit 1: Industrial drug manufacture l
introduction Raw materials Manufacturing Procedure therapeutic function common name
Structure of naproxen, acyclovir, propanolol, and levodopa.
Unit 2: Industrial drug manufacture II
Introduction Raw materials Manufacturing Procedure therapeutic function common name
Structure of mephensin, 5-fluorouracial levothyroxin sodium amoxycillin, and norfloxacin.
Unit 3: Industrial manufacturing of tablets, ointments and suspension
Tablet: Raw material Flow chart diagram Manufacturing processes.
Ointments : Raw material Flow chart diagram Manufacturing processes.
Suspension : Raw material Flow chart diagram Manufacturing processes.
Unit 4: Industrial unit processes
Introduction alkylation amination Nitration Oxidation Halogenation.
Unit 5 : Industrial hazards and safety measures
Hazards Definition Chemical hazard Dust hazard Electrical hazar-Preventive measures
Use of PPE.
References:
1. industrial Chemistry, B.K.Sharma.Goel publishing house,Edn.XIV,2004.
2. Unit processes in organic synthesis, Groggins,5
th
Edn.,2000.
3. Pharmaceutical manufacturing encyclopedia ,Vol.l and II,2
nd
Edn.,2001.
4. Biopharmaceutics and. Pharmacokinetics, D.M.Brahmanikar and Sunil B.Jaiswal,
Edn.XIX 2004.
5. Pharmaceutical analysis , Takeru Higuchi, Einar Brochmann and Hanffen Hanseen, 3
rd

Edn.2004.