Stages Of Chronic Kidney Disease CKD

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STAGES OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

About Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease whereby the kidneys have trouble removing waste
products and fluid from the body. Usual causes of CKD include Diabetes Mellitus, high blood
pressure and chronic glomerulonephritis. People with CKD often have no symptoms although
the kidney function is severely affected.

Stages of Chronic Kidney

Disease

With chronic kidney disease (CKD), the kidneys don't usually fail all at once. Instead, kidney disease
often progresses slowly over a period of years. This is good news because if CKD is caught early,
medicines and lifestyle changes can possibly help delay disease progression.

Nutritional Tips

CKD stages

Festive Food

To help improve the quality of care for people with kidney disease, the National Kidney Foundation
(NKF) created guidelines to help doctors classify different stages of kidney disease so that
treatment strategies can be better tailored to their needs. Patients at each of the five stages of CKD
require different tests and treatments.
NKF guidelines define the stages of CKD based on measured or estimated glomerular filtration rate
(GFR) and corresponding decline in kidney function.
The table below shows CKD and GFR for each stage:
Stage

GFR*

Description

90+

Normal kidney function but tests show early

signs of kidney damage

60-89

Mildly reduced kidney function, test results

point to some signs of kidney damage

30-59

Moderately reduced kidney function

15-29

Severely reduced kidney function

<15 or on
dialysis

Established kidney failure, kidney dialysis or

transplant may be needed

With normal or high GFR

2
Mild CKD

3
Moderate CKD

4
Severe CKD

5
End-stage CKD

Stages 1 and 2 CKD

Description
People with Stage 1 CKD have kidney damage with normal or high GFR greater than 90 ml/min.
They generally do not experience any symptoms of kidney damage even if the kidneys are no longer
functioning at full capacity. Most people are diagnosed with Stage 1 CKD in the process of being
tested for another condition such as diabetes or high blood pressure, which are the two leading
causes of kidney disease.
Other signs of Stage 1/2 CKD:
Higher than normal levels of creatinine or urea in the blood
Blood or protein in the urine
Evidence of kidney damage in an MRI, CT scan, ultrasound or contrast X-ray
A family history of polycystic kidney disease
What should you do if you have Stage 1/2 CKD?

Stage 3
Description
A person with Stage 3 CKD has kidney damage with a moderate decrease in the GFR of 30-59
ml/min. As kidney function declines, waste products and toxins begin to build up in the blood. Once
toxins reach a certain level, uremia occurs and complications of kidney disease such as high blood
pressure, anemia (a shortage of red blood cells) and/or early bone disease are more likely.
What can you expect with Stage 3 CKD?
How can you take care of yourself when you have Stage 3 CKD?
What kind of healthcare do you need?

Stage 4

8/25/2014 7:07 PM

Stages Of Chronic Kidney Disease CKD

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http://www.mykidneyplan.com/my-kidney-stages-of-chronic-kidney-dis...

Description
A person with Stage 4 CKD has advanced kidney damage with a severe decrease in GFR to 15-30
ml/min. It is likely someone with Stage 4 CKD will need dialysis or a kidney transplant in the near
future.
As kidney function declines, waste products and toxins build up in the blood causing a condition
known as "uremia." At Stage 4, complications such as high blood pressure, anemia (a shortage of
red blood cells), bone disease, heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases become more likely
so it is important that people at Stage 4 CKD pay careful attention to their health.
What can you expect with Stage 4 Kidney Disease?
How can you take care of yourself when you have Stage 4 CKD?
What kind of healthcare do you need?
Time to Plan for Dialysis

Stage 5
Description
A person with Stage 5 CKD has end stage renal disease (ESRD) with a GFR of 15 ml/min or less. At
Stage 5 kidney disease, your kidneys are no longer able to remove waste and fluids from the body
effectively which leads to a build-up of toxins in the blood. Most people at Stage 5 CKD will need
dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Patient in this stage of CKD may experience symptoms such as:
Loss of appetite
Nausea and/or vomiting
Headaches
Fatigue
Trouble concentrating
Itching
Little or no urine
Swelling, especially around the eyes and ankles
Muscle cramps
Tingling in hands or feet
Changes in skin color
Increased skin pigmentation
How can you take care of yourself when you have Stage 5 CKD?

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